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Z:Aarercrso CeerosHa 6u6ruorexa EOO.II
Trpronnr Ha eApo: Co$nr ll24,yt.,,Hnxolafi ParuuaH" l3
ren./Qanc: 021943 79 65

e-mail: svetovna biblioteka@mail.bg

Copyright O I4sAarercrso Ceerosna 6n6rnorer a EOO[, 2007
Texcr O ArexcaHlrp TpeHer
Kaprn O I4K TaHrpa TanHarcPa OOI
Irhrccrpaquu @ I4zrare.ncrgo CserosHa 6u6ruorerca EOO,{
Zrrccrpaqnn O Arercau4rp Brvron, O Arercau4rp 3aHxor, O AHrounua Ea6yr.rnesa,
O Braluvup lranrarpoa, O.{nnaurrp llerpos, O Eserr,rH lunurpon, @ Ilutus E$rurr,rona,
O Hraronafi froHoe, O Cromr flonon, O Tans Kprcreea

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AHTOHIIHA EAEyKTII,IEBA, RIAAI,IMIIP AIIMPITPOB, AI4MI,ITbP IIETPOB, EBEJIIIH
AI,IMI,ITPOB, Jfi4JtVIg, EOTI,IMOBA, HIIKOJIAfr rSOnOn, CTOflH TIOfIOB, TAH.fl KPbCTEBA
KAPTZ:

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Ta:n ItHnra Karo uqJro, KaKTo rr H[KaKBa qacr or Hes He Mo]I(e Aa 6r4e nrrnpo[3Be?fiIaHa
rro KaKbBTo n Aa 6u.lro HaqrrH lr noA KaKBaro u Aa 6u,'ro Qopua 6es uspnvHoro pa3peueHlle Ha lr3AareJrfl.
HapyurureJrr.rre ce [pecJreABar or :arcona!
PeAarcrop: Llnau TpeHen

Kopercrop: AHa IarapoBa

flpeaneqarHa rogroroBKa: Bacnl Iarcos

fleqar: Eer [IpnHr OOA

rsBN 954-8615-65-6

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Cneg naganemo ua Buguuckomo qapcmBo naruupa y6e*,uqe npu cOon pogcmBeHuk, Bnaukun BoIBoga
Mupvo Cmapu,3aegHo c koaomo npueMa co3epeHumema Ha yHaapckun kpan. Cneg BtsuJecmBuemo
ua Mexueg I euuapupa B YHaapun, a no-kucHo B Eenepag. Yruupa npes 1422z.Hezo9unm 6pamoBreg,
cuHbm Ha qap flBan llluuuau, Opy*uH, 6naa BuB Bugun cneg kpan na TrpnoBcka Eunaapun, xb
nopagu 0acanuume sagtrukeHun Ha '{urro rray kunrr cynmaHa nanycka ?paga u saMuHa8a aa Yuaapun.
Ulrr,rnepamop Cuausniryng Bu*ga 0 xeaoBo nuqe crtosxuk u Boeueu prkoBogumen u ?o npueMa nackaBo.
l-lpes 1425 ?. pegoM c Bnaukun BoilBoga [an u yriaapckuR Boeuaqanuuk fluno Cnano (Snopenmuner.la
Oununo geu Ckonapu, ,,Ounun Mag*.apuH" B HapogHume necxu) Qpy>kuH sacmaBa Haqe^o Ha
yHeapcko-Bnaukume BoIcku u e HapeqeH ,,?ocnogapflm ua 3aaope". Borlckume npeuuuaBam flyna8,
npe8eeuam BuguH u 0pnxo8o u HaHacflm me*ko nopaJ<eHue Ha mypqume, koumo zy6am25 000 gymu.
flpee 1435e. Cuausnayng u3npaua OpyrkuH c mailHa uucun B paa6yumy8ana ce An6anun. Cr8emrm
Ha lly6poBHuk oqennBa Bucoko gun^oMamuqeckume uy ycunun. Brnpeku HanpegHa^ama cu Orspacm
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c VHrapvfl. B Hefl
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HanapHo rrpr{ApyxaBaftxvr yHrapcKn vr

cpr6cxn eoficKn, KoHcraHTnH rrpoHr{K-

Onnrnre tra ce

KPH3ATA B OCMAHCKATA
AbP?KABA. XPI{ CTVTflH C KH T E
KOATT4UVIVI

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flopa)KeHvrfl Ha ocMaHcKI,ITe eoficKn.
flper 1407 - 1408 n Bracr4re pa3 6usar

rypur4re rIpH [prcrrp v aHraxvpar

cpeuy ce6e cv aKbHAxuitcKr.,rre r,rM
orpflrkr. CrsAaAeHH ca ycnoBnflTa 3a
nbpBnfl Marrla6eH orrnT na 6urapvre Aa
r{3BoroBaT cso6oA ara cv.

BrcraHr{ero us6yxna n floMopaBnero

rrpe3 1408 r c roJrqM pa3Max, o6xsauafiKH noqrv BcvqKr{ Teprrropvvr Ha 6usrxo-

ro Bvt1nlecKo vr TrpuoBcKo rlapcrBo.

BbcraHaJrHTe 6rnrapn. EurapcKr4Te

rpaAoBe, cpe.q Konro BraAnH, Ilnpor v

Hnru, orxBbpnflT ocMaHcKaTa BJracr v

cTaBaT orropHH rryHKToBe Ha BbcTaHHeTo.

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r4lrvr rporoHeHr4. CHIHo o6egnoKoeH

or xoAa Ha ct6 vrvrflTa, Crcnefinran

tlene6H HacrbrrBa ro AonvHara Ha p.
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6par cH Cronefivrau c roAKperrara
Ha cbp6u w BAacH. BrcraHaruvrre 6rn-

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Aa BOTOBa Cperrry cbro3HHr.IHTe cH.
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Ha KoncraHTHH, Ma4,apd, Oee.r (au.

flpoea Al,z^fl), OBr{afa, Afitoc, Benec

H Ap. ce BAHfar cpeq/ B^acrra My.

flpes 1412 r. Myca ycrsBa Aa 3aB-

3eMe Bvt4uln, ilpoAbl)KaBa [oxoAa ckr

or 3ana4lna KBM Ceeepou3Torrsa Btn-

fapzs 14 orraM - K6M MaxeAoHHs.

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6yHra. ZscrbnneHr,urra My rlacKar 6rn-

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ce 3aBpuLua Ha SankaHUme u cmaBa u3mbkHam cnogBu>kHul< Ha Myca.
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u Mr0moAMaHu y8nuqam B 6yHma My cpeLqy cynmaH MexMeg u 6rnaapu.
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SbATAPUTTE

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l-lopagu o*ugHume usBopu BucmaHUemo Ha KoHcmaHmuH u 0py>kuu

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o6eguHeHUme Boucku Ha Mupqo Cmapu u KoHcmaHmuH HacmbnBam B
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Tenncka, B Ce8eposanagHa 6tnaapun, a cnopeg gpyeama me obxBaLuam
uflAama mepumopufl om lprcmbp go p.Tuvrok. Hnkou om ucmopuLlume
ca Ha MHeHUe, qe BucmaHuemo e okoHqamenHo nomyLUeHO okono 1417 2.,
a gpyeu cMflmam, qe moBa e cmaHaAo c npeBseMaHemo Ha kpenocmma
Tenncko npes 1408 a. (Cn0peg gpyea xun0me3a BuguHckomo LlapcmBo
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u ottt

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Ha ror or flynae. flperBo)KAaHoro or rrx BbcraHrre e nbpBrrrr
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KOflTO Cf Ka[r npolbrxaBa Ia cbuecTByBa [oJrrrrrrLrecKH B c],'lHaHr.reTo Ha ocMaHCKr.rTe npoTHBHrrurr rr B TexHr.rTe nJraHOBe.

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KprcroHocH ara apMr4fl ce cr6vpa Ha

B Opruona v rpeM vHaBa
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norcpafr AyHaBa v Ha 26 cerreMBpn

c rroMorura Ha 6rrrapr4Te 3aB3eMar orpoMeH roAKyrr. C 40-50 000-Ha
BprA:aH. flrpBeHrrr4re Ha

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AoKaro rfl HacrbrBa KbM BapH?,
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10

BbOPbXEHI4ETO HA KPbCTOHOCHATA BOI/|CTN

IexomuHqume 6unu 3aLUumeHu c pu3Hutlu, a HanagameAHomo uM
Buopr>keHue 6uno nukoBe, ap6anemu, konufl u ca6u. Te pa3nona?anu
u c oepaHuqeH 6pou apke6ysu, kyneBpuHuu u 6oubapgu.BoIckume
pa3nona?anu u c o6cagHu MauuHu. KoHHuuume cbulo 6unu 3auumeHu
c pu3Hurlu u Bropu>keHU c konuR u ca6u. Puqapume 6unu o6neqeHu om
anaBama go nemume c me>kku cbcma8Hu 6poHu u trtnennoBe.
HanagameAHume uM opu>kun 6unu gbnea nuka, pa3AuqHU BugoBe
Meqo8e u bosgyaanu. flpes XV B. urupoko HaBnesnu me>kkume gByptku
Meqo8e, uecmonepume 6osgyeaHu u 6oilHume vykoBe.
O Ap6anem. Ap6anembm 6un cmpauHo opu>kue 3a u3cmpen8aHe Ha
cmpe^u. llaneko6oilHocmma My 6una go 450 M, 0 Ha 150 nlr npo6uBan
6poHn. l'lpuaom8nn ce 3a cmpenba, kamo BouHukrm 3acmbn8an c kpaka
cu cmeneHkama u Brpmeuku prvkume c gBe ptqe, ontBan memuBama.
@ llByprk rueq. ) Ulecmonep 6osgyeaH. @ 6oeH vyk.

rraAareJrHa raKTHKa. flruotu Xyn fltrvr pa3ron ara yMeno

6oi,tgws pea ro Hafr-xbcoro pa3cro rHlae Me)KAy e3eporo v

ra3rr QnaHroBere My. Iennrl

(orpran) noA KoMaHABaHero Ha
Mnxavtt Cwrav4, crvra 4o 6pera Ha e3eporo. B ueurbpa ca
ABa orprAa or rro 2000 trlLuw HaqeJro c Kparn. BraruKara
@paureHcKoro rrraro, KoHTo

cbcraBeH

or rer

3HaMeHa

KOHHr,rUa e OCTaBeHa B pe3epB 3aA rleHTbpa, a 3aA Hefo e

pa3rono)KeH eareFr6yprbr c 6ona5 aptrvr. Ha AecHr4r SnaHr ca
5 gHarueHa, KoHTo HqMar o6uto KoMaHABaHe.
OcvraHcKHTe soficKn 3aeMar ro-H3roAHH rro3r4rlvrv B
rroAHo)Knero Ha rrraroro. I-\eurbpbr HM e cbcraBeH or eHr4qapcKoro Kape, KoMaHABaHo ot flzwA)r(Lr Torau. 3aa Hero Ha
rpaKnficrca Morr4Jra (Mypa4rene) e KoMaH trHvrflr rreHrbp Ha
cynraHa. Ha AflcHoro HM Kpnno ca pyMetuitcKr4Te cilaxnv,, l
Ha JrflBoro - aHatroJrcKr{Te c[axr4r4, aKbHA]Kt4r4 u aze6v. Ha 23 KM 3aA ueHTbpa e pa3rroro)KeH ocMaHcKLrflT narep.

Enrrcara 3aroqBa rlpr43opl4 Ha 10 HoeMBpr4 1444 r.

AscHoro xpucrvrflHcKo Kpp{no e pa3rpoMeHo. BsrafiKn,
MHo3HHa or xpr4crvrflHrTe, cpeA KoHTo r,r [Onvr.flH t{e:apvrHvr,
ce r43AaBrr e 6rarara. Kpanrr
n Xyn flrvr rroBe)K rur
Ha roMoul orpflAKTe
oT rleHTbpa H BJIaIIKara KOHHHUa, yDJ

pqr aHaIoncKHTe
cnarra v rvr o6pra lFt

urar B 6qrcrso. Ho
BJracHTe ce yBnHr{aT

B |IpecneABaHero,
pa3rpa6nar ocMaHcKvrfl

nafep

kr HaTo-

BapeHH c trrrfqKa,
HarycKar 6ofinoro

AmaKama Ha KpuncKun
ompnd HoqeJto c
Bnqducnae III flze-no s
6umxsnta npu Bapua.
Ha mnns gad peduqunre
HA eHwqspume e

nocma$eHo cgeu4eHomo
llpopoKs ,t
nafyueHunm Hs Konue

sH&Me na

Cezedcrcu dozoeop.

SbAfApcKATA no[KPEnA nPU BToPr4f n0X0[

flpea Bmopun noxog Ha BnagucnaB lll faeno u

fnou XyHngu 6tnaapckama nogkpena sa

kpucmouocqume e 3Haqumenuo no-cna6a, Bunpeku npegnonaeaeMomo y'lacmue na Qpy*utt u
urnoao 6rnaapcku uscennuqu B YHaapun, nopagu Hnkonko npuiruHu - Ce0epousmovua Stnaapun e
cunuo o6esnngeua no 0peue ua ocuauckomo rauecmBue, a cneg moBa 3ace?Hama om mopkcka
konoHusaqun u ucAflMu3auuR.0cuaHckume nogeneHun no nbmr ua kptcmouocHama apMuR ca
cuAHu u ckoBa8am 0cnka cunpomuBa. lrl He Ha nocnegHo MRcmo, oa kamonuqume-kptcmoHoctlu
npaBocnaBnume 6tnaapu ca cxu3Mamuuu. Hnkou puqapu-Sauamuqu ockBepnn8am u apa6nm
npaBocnaBnume repk0u, c koemo om6ntckBam HaceneHuemo. Hayrun 3a me3u uoge0amencm8a,
Bnagucna0 lll au sabpannBa cbc cneuuaAHa aanoBeg.
"-rJJ

r
nore. Cnel Karo ce Bpruta B ueHTbpa
c KpaJrr, XyHflAt4 peruaBa ra
noMofHe Ha IqBoTo KpIIJIO, KbAeTO
5oqr e c npoMeHrHB ycrex. Toil cbBerBa
BraAracJraB III tra ro r43qaKa, 3a ta ce
3aeAHo

Hr4fl

5ofi.

E,H

Xr4tp
v fl 3aHacfl Ha

v.uapnHbr Kol>Ka

oTpr3Ba fraBaTa My
cyJrTaHa.

Cnel cMbprra Ha BraAucJraB III.,

HapeqeH rocMbprHo BapHeHqr4K' B xpr,rcTVflHCKHTe peAr4Ur4 HaCTb[Ba fraHInKa.

arar(yBa pyMelnfi crcr4re c raxu u. Ytapbr

\Iy e ToJrKoBa )KecroK, qe Aopr4 cynraHbr

perraBa Aa 6nra.

KprcnorocunTe ca Ha npara Ha roSe1ara, Ho MrarvflT r(pan peru aBa Aa

yrapv cynraHcKara rrarpa 14 c 500 pv-

uapu arar(yBa eHu.{apr4Te. Prauapr4Te

ce Bpfl3BaT B KapeTo, noqrH AocTHfaT

lo

cynraHa, Ho ca o6rcpr)KeHn oT MHo-

foKpaTHo [peBb3xox(Aaur4Te fr4 no

r{r4creHocr eHHqapH. KoHqr Ha Kparr e

ylur n caM vflT rofi 3arnBa B pbKoratu-

Onnrnre Ha -f Hour Xyur4v Ia oBraAee

rorox(eHHeTo npeTbprrflBaT Heycnex
vr roil opraHn3 vpa orcrbrrJreHne. Ha
loilHoro rrorre raAar oKoxo I 0- I 2 000
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ca ABa nbrr4 no-foJreMH, Ho BbrrpeKr4
roBa Mypue II LrMa ocHoBaHr4q Aa ce
pa1Ba Ha no6elara cv. Tn cJrara rcpafr
HA NOCXCTHLTfl fOIflM AHTVOCMAHCKH
KpbcroHoceH noxoA r{ npeAofrpeAeilfl 3a
crorervr cbr6ara Ha 6trrapcKr4fl Hapor
H [Oror43ror{Ha Enpona.

ul HEroBurE n0T0Mu14 B yHrApufl 11

Cnopeg egHo He crBceM flcHo c8egeHue B

opyxt4H

ocMaHcku peeucmbp om 145411455 z. c^eg pa3epoMa Ha kpucmoH0cuume Opy*uH Mo>ke 6u

cmaBa ocMaHcku Bacan B 6rneapckume 3eMu

CBrp^ue u [1upom. Peguqa nomoMLlu
Ha 0py*uHoBun cuH [JuuMaH np0gb^>kaBam
nne>kgy

6opbama c ocMaHuume B Yuzapun. ll pes

1457 z. l/qBaH (CmeSaH) UluruMaH e Haqe^o
Ha Bnacu u brnaapu B 5aHam, a npe3 1461 z.
CaHgpuH (AnekcaHgbp) UluuMaH e koMeHgaHm

Ha kpenocmma TypHy CeBepuH. .Qo kpan Ha

XV B. uMa u gpyeu cnoMeua8aHuR 3a Heeo u
bpamnma uy, kakmo u 3a Ounun UluruMaH. [1pes
cnegBauomo cmonemue cpeqaMe uMeHama
na lAruBaH, Bnaguc^aB u 0epeHLl. l-lpes 1550 a.,
npegBo>kgauku koHeH ompng, 0epeHq |.IluruMaH
3a?u8a B 6ou c mypLlume kpau Auna, HnkoaaruHo
uMeHUe Ha 0py>kuH. 3a ,,LlluruMaHoBqu" ce

ao8opu u BtB Bpuska c g8eme TrpHoBcku

BrcmaHufl,3a koumo ce paskas8a B ma3u
kH

uaa.

:ff-"

12

MbTIEIJVIIIH3AB,flM
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cr,rcreMHa rroJrHTHKa rrpe3 urJroro po6crBo. Bopdara 3a Bnpara ce rpeBpbrrla B 6op6a 3a cbxpaHeHrre Ha
HapoAHocrr a vr Ha BcurrKo drnrapcKo.
BOI,IHATA CPETIIY

e)KefotrHa vcrrflMn3arlvrfl rro BpeMe Ha

BenHKAeH v Ha Apyrn xpvrcrvtrHcKH
npa3H vrlvr.

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xp r4crHr Hc K ur a pen Hr ws. MaHacrup vr e

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rpeBbpHaTvr B Alr(aMvrvr, a ApyfH

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acr4Ml{Jr

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MbqeH vfl B HefrHo r4Me. flpanocJraBH aTa
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cBerrrr4., rroAKperfl fircvt 6op6ara cpeuy
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ce

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vr rroJryMeceua' a [peAaHocTTa KbM I-eopztt Hoeu Co(tuilcKu.
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otn ttto6u ttn.ttct du qtetne, KoKnto Gtt

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pa3AerqHe Ha ceMeficrea, ropo6saHws

14 orBJMqaHVf, [peceJIeHIdfl Vl eHnqapcrBo. Hafi-x(ecroKo ce HaKa3Bar
onr4Tr4Te Ha fIoMoxaMeAaHqeHVTe 3a

Ku;u-\ ortle 6 t?bptittn dett rtu ('tttp(tdctuttento

3Ufl6fl8u tlt0It H0 ltuclt_7tlultIillle cu.

OTKA3BAHE OT HAJIO)KCHVfl HM I4CTIflM.

flpe: XVI n XVII n. ca rpeArpvervr

MacoBH rIoTyp.IBaHVfl B foJIeMI4
Bracrra v3vrcKBa

pailoH vr or crpaH ara.

{f-

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f
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t

"B Aero l75o B Elrsnn rvpqr{re ft\bqfiA]r I noceKnfi 3a xpr.rcrlnNcnATA Bnpa

ennn
KlNolra, xyDAB NA Alrqe il prcr. ilfuoro fo ft\brr,rnr.r AA ce orKAxe cr Xpncra, l6t
I
I loi npernanpo ]r cft\eno ]rgosnr.rrraBAt TnxNATA EegDoxNA enpa Emoncr[nr BAAAI{K*
orroBspl.r, on[can
e3ilh crpaAANl4flTA ft\y ]ltterol
H (o,nec
r<n,

iDnopnna
cna

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cKA"

1762

rl

cr[a. He ce noAAaBa

orBe)KAar npeA

Co$nficrcn), xofrro rpl4crvra B Olpnn

or Cocf nr, orl4 Ba Ia cv oflpaBu JIbKa,
He rpr4eMa xynI,ITe Ha opbx(e it:nvtrca
rrpornn Xpncroc H My orBpbura ropAo.
flolno)KeH Ha MbqeHHr, He ce orKa3Ba

HI4TO Ha yBeUIaHI4fl, HHTO Ha HaCVrnI/e

or HHTo eAHa cBor

AyMa

r,r

npo6oAeH c

Korrvo, e r43ropeH Ha r(JraAa.

flololna

e yqacrra v Ha coc| uficKwr 3Jrar?p,

POlOrvr or KparoBo, cB. feoprn HoeH
CoQvilcKH. Typur4re orurBar ila ro

HaKapaT c xr4TpocT Aa rpHeMe vcnflM?,

KaA vflr a My rpeAn af a Aop H La f o
Ha[paBH cBofi HacreAHr4K, Ho MJIaAex(br
oTKa3Ba V e H3fOpeH Ha KJIaAa oT

o3BeprJrara rbrna nper ubpKBara ',C8.

feoprn". HeqoBerrIKtI MbKL.I rpr6ea Aa

r{3rbprrrr rr odyuapflr
Hurcorafr CoQvficKr.r.

cJreA AbJIrI4 MbqeHl4fl

c KaMbHr4.

r4cKa Aa cTaHe oTHoBo xpt4crr4flHr4H,

fo

Bflpara cv.

OcnaaH

rroABr,rr BAbxBa cvtr4 Ha 6rnrapr4Te

Te o6paryBar qerr4 vr BoArr 6vtrrcvt

podottcxtt 6t't?upun da ce
on, snpunrfl cu u du ttpue,ue ucrflrlu.
Kuxnto r; Podottttttte, tnuKu u G.vHo?o dp.t':tt
pttitotttt .rtnndtt 5tt.-ctptt Gbnpevt ttoctt.luettto Itc
('e ontK(t'Ju.rtt onl lnputtto ctt. Ottt ntexttttn ttodctt:

|IIIAHI{HATA.

6unu

L
ll

Ha

Aueun B OcMaHckama

uMnepun. IogaHuLluHe

no

emHuqecku npuHqun,
a no pe^ueu03eH - Ha
npaBoBepHu MrocloA-

MaHu u HeBepHuLlu

,,zflypu". l-flypume

n^aua^u MH0e0 n0u no-

uM

uMnepuflma 6uno He-

saBugHO.3a 6rnaapume Lle^ma Ha ma3u

noAumuka 6una ga
omkucHe ucAflMu3upaHUme 0m mexHufl pog
u ga eu npuo6qu kuvr
s a B o e B a m eA u m

e.

3a-

mo8a me Hapuqanu
noMoxaMegaHqBaHemo ,,nomypsBaHe",

a ucARMa ,,mypcka
Brpa ".

14

noMorqelar or eofrsara c Aecrpvla

v'.1

tfit/'

't

vr

TpHTe 6rnrapcKvr BbcraHns. - BtopoTo rbpHoBCKo, HranpoBcKoro vr KapnotuoBoTo, v Ha |IoMoul Ha [a,q,H[raxa ce

rrpvrr:z'rrBa KpHMcK;z'flT cynraH Cennvt

lupalZ'.
T7'ptqtt ui,nesuButn

orrtKfl,H{'e

tt

MoxaMegaHckama pe-

me>kku gaHbqu

Ao CrarrzMaKa (AcenoBrpaA) ca pa3pyrxeHz 33 MaHacrvrpa v 2IB qbpKBH vr ca v3Kz'aHvr AecerKH cena. B

Ceeeprra Brnrapvrfl ToBa craBa rpe3
1689 r., Kofaro ocMaHrruTe ca oMa-

o6racrra oKono CMoJreH (en. CnaranflH)

v rbpcflT e[r4cKona BncapvoH, 3a tra
ro rrorypqar. 3aeAno c MHoro 6'swapu
roin ycrrBa Aa uz6sra B c. PafiKoBo,
oKypa)KaBa ceJrflHure tra lpaunr yropnro Bnpara cv, Ho na 29 roJII4 1670 r.
e 3aroBeH 14 rroAJIo)KeH Ha Heqo-

cMecBaHu. ToBa ce

no>keHUemo

Ho KynMHHar\HflTa krl.rr e AocrafHara

rrpe3 L669-167 O r. Or KocreHe11

v 3a[a3BaT
rvvre o[ycrorraBar

Bpevre Ha po6cmBomo HapogHOcm-

me Ha cy^maHa
6unu pa3geAflHu

c BeHer\vs.3a o-B Kpnr H rpe3 HenHHo

H 3anaAHHTe PoAonpr MHHaBar soircKHTe Ha flexrrnBaH MexvreA rlatrta.

oKa3BaT HeBepoflTeH oTrrop

llo

gurukano Ha ponnma

rrzTe o6gr,gr,ar 3a ,,cBelrreHa" gofigana

flpe: | 669 r. c orbH vr MeLI ryptrnre

rroMoxaMeAaHqBar PoaotrI4Te., Ho
6urrapr4re or c erara Vcrono, Kyrnono
(an. Cnanezno), flerxoBo 14 MH. Ap. r4M

,,TYPCKATA BflPA"

ma u Bnpama

Vl

e Bbp3aH v y6vr

or Co$rar cB. Be[rKr4 r43Te3aHIlfl - La Ce tIOTypt{tI.

flpe: 1555 r., Tofr He npeKJraHfl rJraBa. Hero BLrflT

creA KaTo fo Hanr4BaT, Typur4Te fo

o6pa3BaT v rroMoxaMeAaHqBar. Koraro

flpes 1515 r. Cenprvr II pa3opsBa

vre or O4paH Ao CoSua vr
BennKr4fll My Be3Hp c 33-xun-sAHa
apuvrfl. Hanafa Hcn-rrMa or ApaMa Ao
BocHa, a rbnr(oBoAer.rbr My Mypsa
Tarap cK:,z' c 46-xuAsAHa eofrcKa
onycroruaBa CeeepHa Btnrapr4fl.
Brpxtr Ha MacoB:zrTe HcnsMvrcarfvla e
AocrzfHar rpe3 XVII B. B PoAonHTe
Te 3arror{Bar rpe3 1666 f ., Kofaro ryp3eM

Kpacr4B4flr MnaAex feopfH (ce. feoprn

13

MACOBHTE I/'.CTTflMHSAUHH

tt p o dt,

tI

('7'> i () ct

o'6 p

ct 3

ct E a-t xctt d,tt<'

t tr'l o n rr.

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14

EHVTLTAPCTBOTO

C orq aflHvt ycvilvr 6rtrapr.{re ce

Soprr 14 cpeuy nai.t-crpauHoro nocefarercTBo Bbpxy HapoIHocTTa
14M

Lt BfpaTa
AeBlII14pMeTO.' L'tIILI ,'.'Kp-b-BHt4fl

,rflopaAn r0BA cranA raK4 qe NeqacrNtdnr NAp$AD KATo qye

Tosl{ AANIK (nesurpmers - s a ) [ qo.r\ pmsepar, qe rypql.rre

[A[ II'I I,BNPAI{AT APYTAAC, AOKA'IIO ft\I,INC DCACTBICTO..

l{g nnrennca NA AAnmarnNeqa dntor 8paruru sr tis? r ga cbnponrBAra NA Dbruapl.rre

SABC;KAAT AEqATA CX B IOP],ITE

]
t

AaHbK". Te )KeHflT N{oMqeraTa cv oue

Ha 8-9 roALIHL4' 3atuoTo )r(eHeHr4Te He
6vttu B3eMaHV 3a eHHLrapv. HanycKaT

AOMOBeTe CLI 14 Abrfo Ce yKpr4BaT,

noAKyrrBar crSvpaqr4Te Ha AaHbKa,

3A AA 3aMeHflT AeUara HM C OrUe
neo6pr3aHV cv+oBe Ha 6emtu rypun.
flo-HenoKopHHTC, Karo >KvrreJr14Te
Ha Heryru., orKpHTo oTKa3Bar Ia
npeAa Aar pox6r.rre cv v npe3 17 05 r.
o6pa3yBar qera Haqero c KapaAHMo
v cr4HoBere My Bacur v f,uMr4rbp v
HanaAaT cvrflx[apa v oxpaHara My.
Crel MHoro 6nrrcu re ca npvrr4cHarn
v pa3Sutu or npeBb3xolr(Aaurr,rre rvl
rypcKr4 cvrzr. BoilBoAara KapaAr4Mo
e y5nt., a cnHoBere My ca o6eceHr4.
H o H HTo Kpb BHVflT AaHb K",, H I,ITO
H ac nr cTBeH vr e ftoMoxaMeAaH q BaHIdf
ycn fBar La rpeKbprrar Bflpara Ha
6rr rap14re.
,,.,

* Cn,rflxAap

TypcKn LntHoBHrrK. orroBapflu

cuSupaHc-To Ha -lcBrurrpnrcro

CtfupaHe

eH

3a

CtsgageHo B_cpeg_ama ua XIV 8., mo npocbulecm8yBano go 1826 a. ,,KprBnunm gaurk" ce cr6upan Ha

nepuog_u om-3 go 5 aoguHu, q geuama 6unu om 5 go 15-aoguurHu. Hapuvanu ag*.euuoanaHu, me 6unu
omkapBaHu B kasap-rvrume B 0gpun, [apuapag u 5pyca, krgemo 6unu norvroxanaegaHvBanu. flocne egHu
gano,r8anu pa6oma B cynmaHckume kontouuu u epaguHu, gpy?u vupaky8anu u uayvaBanu sauanm, a mpemu
pa6omenu kamo npucnyaa. Hail-kpacuBume 6unu uabupaHu ga o6cny>k8am cy^maHa

nokoume

nlry.

Hnkou

om mflx ce u3gu?anu maka go nauu u Beeupu. Cneg 10-15 ?oguHu ganeq om goMa ag>keuuoanaHume
mpnb8ano ga sa6pa8nm HanbAHo poga cu u ga Hayqam mypcku esuk. Xog*u u MoMu au Busnuma8anu
B uoxanltegaHckama Bnpa. Hakpan me nocmunBanu B eruvapckun kopnyc. kugemo cmaBanu omnuqHu
6o[qu. B XV B. kopnyctm.rucnnn 10 000 gyuru,3a ga gocmu?He npee XVll B. go 150 000.3a ga ce noggrp>ka
mo,au 6poi eHu'rapu, Btnpeku saaybume BuO OoIHume,6nacmBama u 6onecmume B unkou aoguHu 6unu
usBrpuBauu cr6upanun u go 300000 6tnaapvema. Euuvapume ce nogvuun8anu caMo Ha cynmaHa, a
mexHuflm aaa 6un eguH 0m uai-BnunmenHume nrpBenqu. Koaamo ce Bpuulanu no pogHume Mecma,
noMoxaMegaHqBanu uacuncm8eso co6cmBeuume cu uaiku u 6aulu.

nct

ftu"zzapuenru 7s

ft

- ri u.

EH14qAPCTBOTO

uqup u.

'/

)/ -\l
\-

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15

Oue npes rrbpBrrre Aecerr{Jrervfl,Ha po6crnoro MHoro ropAr{ 6urrapn He ce npr{Mr.rpflBar c [oJroxeHrrero cr{
Ha,,rpafl" u orrRyplltt. ObelunqBar ce B Apyr(rrHl{ u qerfi u or rrJraHrrH[Te 3arloqBar BbopbxeHa 6op6a cpeuy
rrpeAcraBrrreJru Ha ocMaHcmara BJracr n MecrHr{Te rypcxu Qeo,uanu. Hapolrr ru Hapl{qa xafi4yru.
HAPOAHTI 3AKPWTHVIUI4
MHogr,rHa or rflx rpa6Bar opb)Knero,
3a Aa HaKa3Bar v v36vBar rypcKHTe
HacvilHl.atLvt v tra 3auIHTaBaT .,,paflTa" oT
TexHl.1-'^ rrpoH3BoJr. flpeluMHo ceJrrHH,
Te ca oco6eHo qyBcTBVTerHr4 KbM

tlene6n e pecreKrnpaH or 500-600-re

xafiryyrn, Bbopb)KeH?I c KbcI4 KorII4r, ilo
ABa-rpH rrnuroBa n xy6asu ca6v. flocle
BH)KAa KaK CTOTHHa [InBaLrId KpOflT

Apylnr4:nu treitcrBar B caHA)KaIrI'ITe Krocre Hp:ar, BtlqHTpbH, lIpI43peH 14 B

Ka3ara CoQnr. llpes XVI-XVII n.xafiryTHTe B EnrorcKo, KpHBoIIanaHeqKo,

crreunLltuo o6reKJro, a forBaqn ttpr,IforBfr

xe6an or 300 oeue v cBHHr,r. floHqKora

CxorcKo,

He[ocHJrHHTe AaHbrlr,r

roneMr4 xaiaEytuKu Apyxfl,{Htr ycr flBur

eKc[Jro

rpeB3eMar rlenn rpaAoBe Karo Co$nr,

Crconne, fheBeH ra Bpaua. Ho He Bcr4r{Kr4
xafiSyrkr ca ao6pe Bbopb)KeHr,r. EAna or

v seoeaJrHaTa
arauvfl. H ailal.aT JreHoBe v
ura$r v\H v orpa6Bar HarpyraHr,rre Ha
rrp6a

Ha HapoAa 6orarcrBa.

3ACaI.j'4 Ha

Ycrpoilsar

rbpfoBcKr.r KepBaHvr 14 o6npar

.{aputvvt. llnfqKara H3roJr3Bar

[pe[HTaHr,re

afvrperepflr

3a

ra6poncKr,rre qern Hanara rypunre AopH

cbc corrH.

Bbopb)KeHHe. Eefioee vr
npel eoilrsolr{ Karo t{an4ap,

Ealio H CrpaxrrJ. a Hapo^fbr rH Bb3nflBa

B necHrrre crr. Xaii.ryrrrre HaBcflKbAe
rr\rar \rHoroSpoirur.r flTal\vr. flpe: xvll
B. B MarceloHLrr, UrJroro HacereH?re Ha

AepBeHTAXHilCTOTO CenO fqearO n Ha

6nrorcKnre cera EpoA, Ilep n MarapeBo

e cBbp3aHo c rqx. CenqHHTe orKa3Bar

Ia

ra

cBr4AerencrBar

cpeuy xaialyrv,

CPEAI4|TIA HA
xAT4AyTCTBOTO
Oco6eHo MacoBr4 Te ca B 3araAHVTe

6rrrapcKn 3eMH. fhaHHHcKr4flT TepeH,

pa3oprBauloro HaceneHnero uH$nrarc,ruilrctBo r{ orAaJreqeHocrra or I-{aprarpar
croco6crear ryK 3a pa3Maxa My. Tegu
3eM?r ca qecro apeHa Ha eoilHnre cbc

3arraAHr,{Te BpafoBe Ha r4M[epvrflTa, KoHTo

rroHflKofa HaxnyBaT B cbAa Aa 3aulvrTaBar

3a-roBe r*t cs6purr. llpe: 1 627 n E,uauyvril

AaBar HM[yncr4 Ha ocso6oAnTeJrHr4Te

crpeMe >KV Ha 6rnrap vre. Oue or

Xpncron or Eep 3arBqBa Ha Katrvrflra:

,,3auo cbAHTe tto Bau]vrfl BepcKH 3aKoH,
Kofaro HHe He npr43HaBaMe oHoBa, KoeTo
BbptrrHTe BHe?" MoHacHTe ca cbulo
BepHH xailSyrrlKH tIoAApbxHI,IUH,
froAcJIoH, cHa6AflBar ft4 c
xpaHr4, JreKyBar paHHTe vM v qecTo

raBur

r,rM

caMr4 rpa6nar nr4uroBl4Te.

xAHAyrrrK14TE
APy)KkrHrl
Te ua6po rBar or
HflKOJIKO AECCTKH

Ao crorr4ur4 xafiayrv,
A [OHflKOfA XI4JIflTI4.
Haqero e eofieo Aara., a
rrbpBr4flT HefoB rroMorrlHr4K
e Safiparnapnr. HenoAqvHeHr4eTO H [peAaTeXCTBOTO

ce HaKa3Bar cbc cMbpT.

XafiEyrure o6uraBar
He[pHcTbrrHHTe [JraHI/HVL., HO qeCTO Ce I(pHrIT

no ceJla v MaHacrvpr4)
KbAero neKyBar paHe-

HHTe r4rrr4 3r4MyBaT.

Ko raro oru Ba r p H
Eafio sofreoAa tra

HcKa

HefoBoro pa3peueHHe
3a crSnpaHe Ha LaHbKa 3exr4pe-6exa,

EilHq

cpeAara Ha
rueHr4fl

XV

B. HXTHMaHcKHTe BI3BI4-

rbMxar or xafi

tryrr4.

llper XVI

e.

JI

epvHcKo, flpI4neilcKo',

KocrypcKo,, BoAeHcKo H MH. Ap. Abpxar

BJracrr4Te B crpax, a Te3H n KparoBcKI,Ifl
pafioH Aopr4 H3rpa)KAar ro cen ara
3[paBla Kynn 3a or6paHa. flpe: 1595 r.

xafiayru oBnaAflBar Cxonue v unilura

My o6nacr. llpe: Bropara roro BlaHa
na XVI s. AppKI4Ha or 500-600 ayrun

Aeficrea raKa n KaqaHI,IITIKI{fl npoxoA, qe

cynTaHbT Hape)KAa TaM Ia ce v3rpa4vr
Kperocr. B 3anaAna MarceAoHl4fl rpe3
| 637 r. HaraA eHlafl c pa3Berl4 3HaMeHa
H3Bbprxea ApyxHHa or 200 n!ruw. llper
XVII e. rreHrpoBe na xairAyrcrBoro ca

EurapcKoro flonaop aB:ae v Co$nfrcKo.

6oirtHr{rr r4Te Ha Kperocrra Hr,rru
peAoBHo crbpqar na6yueHn xaiaryyrlKn
rJraB:a. PaitoHbr Ha Crapa rJIaHr4Ha,
oco6eno fa6poBo v lllrarqeHcKnflr
6alxau, cbrllo e rIbJIeH c xaiaEyrn flpe:
1690 r. qera or 100 Ayrun AeficrBa BbB
BvtntHcKl4fl caHAx(aK, a oKoJIo 1704-

flo

Xaildytrut otn XVI

tnJ)pcKu Kep6sH.

B. Hanudsrtt

t
I
5

r6

r xafiayrnre rcpafi OprxoBo Hararar rypcKrre rcopa6ra. B Kpar Ha XVII

B. ABr4)r(eHnero sa6vpa cvra v B pafrona
Ha Berpeu, KbAero Aeficrea Crpaxnn
1705

O EanzapcKu xaadymuu
XV-XVI e. Baoputcen

om

e cbc c&Mocmpen u KuJvt&

@ Eanzapcxu

sofieoAa. CnopeA eAHa cynraHcKa 3aroBeA

or 175 I r. rreHrpoBe Ha xaiaayrcrBoro

ca

v laofipau, Pagroll HenpoKorl, Clp,

nuuoloBu ,a fltngzQH, 7atrtbKHumu B ctlnnxo, KUKmo u c nywKfl-uutrusHe

AynHHua, CaH,roKoB., tlnpraH., Crapa

3aropa., VxruMaH 14 EepxoBHIIa. llpe:
XVIII n. CpeAHoropnero craBa vcrr4HcKn
npnror Ha HapoAH vre 6opun.

r 6unxaucKtt tnun
c neHntuzoHu,'teH npuot

rcryud.

I E I- EHAAPH I4TE BOIZB OTIa

OHTOTCKVTfl Oe3HCTeH

vr e 3aJroBeH eABa creA

CnopeA rbpBoro AocrurHaro Ao Hac

cBeAeHr4e 3a trBkDI(eHHero rpe3 1454 r.
rHLrHo cyJITaH MexMeA II nJIeHflBa B
Co$nr xafiayrvHa PaAIaq. Orcono 1573| 578 r e BnrorcKo vr ilpvrxercKo Apb3KH
HaraA eHVfl H3BbprrIBa Tone eofieoAa. B
KoNyx rrJraHHHa ce rtoABla3aBa c qeraTa
cvr or 300 xafigyrn t{an4ap nofiBoAa.

5 roA vHV v3AHpBaHe.

B BurorcKo, JI epvHcKo
v KocrypcKo c qera
or 500 FoHau,vr Eafio
BOHBOtrA HAKA3BA BCflKA

HerrpaBAa HaA paflTa.

flpe: 1661 r rofi HarraAa

6nrol cKr4r ila3ap., B3nMa 6orara [JrflqKa cBeilIennrc). Te ro rpecJreABar qaK orBbA
v ce orrerJr r c patrocrHr4 r43crpe rv.llpe: lynan. HapoAHHre rrecHn 14 rypcKr4re

3aeAno c rreMeHH:aKa cv Jlaryur roff

ce cilycKa B paBHI4HHTe v

HaKa3Ba

6efioBere. llpe: XVII e. B BnrorcKo

nofiBoAara louraH HaKa3Ba rypcKnre
r43AeBarencrBa HaA paflTa

xsitdymuu

XVIFXIX a.
BaopnuteH e c uufime

onr Kpon na

80-re ToAHHH Ha XVII B. JrereHrapHr4 AoKyMeHrH yBeKoBeqaBar eofiBoAHre

AHrer, EarHo, MaHyur v MH. Ap. Ho
or c. Berpen. B HaqaJroro Ha XVIII HapoAbT e cbxpaHldrr B raMerra cvr
B. B CnnBeH 1eircrBa HapeqeHnflr or HMeHara v Ha MHoro )r(eH?r-eofiBoAl,r ryprrnre flanasorny eofiBoAa (cnu Ha EneHKa, C vpua, PynrrH?, To4opxa v
rroABr{3r4 r43BbpuBa ra CrpaxnJr sofrnoAa

v e xBbpJreH

conyHcKnq 3arBop. Ha 14 rotw 1646 r.

6afipaKrapnr Tane or c. tlapnn o6upa

Ap.

BIACTTA

{^,U" a

EYKYPEIU
BUKURESTI

T s csvrKBa Mroc

tLAc

TIPOTVTB

XAI;IIYT14TE
ror MaHcKH orrbrqeHr4fl

vr opraHv3vrpa rorepn. 3anoBeHnre

xafiSyru ca wz6uBaHH, rJraBVTe HM ca
na6yvBaHr Ha KonoBe vilv H3npauaHn
Ha BnrrrecToflurr4Te opraHr,{. llpaur aHvr

t
t_,

ca v Ha KaTopfa Karo Becrapv

cynraH cKvrfl, $nor. 3a la ce crpaBflT c

ABH)r(eHHero, Typqnre o6ebp3Bar cerara

B3aI4MHO IIOpbI{I,,ITeJICTBO, npLI KOerO

cen flHkrre

3allnaular [perbp[eHHTe
HarIaAeHVfl ureru. flper

or xaiagyrrKr{
1640
Ae6up

oF

Beneco

".---..:...'

t_{'t'idi*r"r,

t8"*

Pariort xa Hatt aKTsBNfi raslyuxx !ettclBilq

Areas 0l Inlensrvr? harduk iclrvttres
-

XViB
I

t
t

6 cntury

XVll

1;

century

r. crerrnaJreH npareHnK

3acraBfl

EurorcKo Aa ce oSnrp)Kar
rro ro3r,r Haqr,rH rrporuB xaianyrnTe, Ho
MepKr4re He AaBar pe3yrrar. Orue or XV
B. BJTaCTTa ilpHBilIdl{a MTOCTOnMaHCKH
3acerHnril4 kr cb3AaBa cPelr4wa Ha
pennrno3Hara rpor ar aHra. Vzrpal\Jar
ce yKpenJreHnfl, yBeJrvrqaBar ce Kpe13

,ourd/rnr*

ceJra B

flo rn.tano cpeAlule Hi \a[!y1s

l,1ore ntportanl

I'a,dJk Lentrc

Xuildynrcmnomo e fuanzupcKutne le,vu do

"-q

rV-

XVIII

e.

T
xefiayTHTE nPE3

ABCTPO-

TyPCr(ATA BOfrHe 1593-1606

xA14[v1UK14 0PbX14f

xv-xtx B.
O 0umu^Ha nyuka om XVI-XVll B.
0mnuqaBa ce c 6oaama ykpaca u
0T

apaBupoBka Ha MemaAa no LlnAama

grn>kuHa. Te>ku 3,5 ka. ,[unaa e 1,5 M,
a kanu6uprm u e 14,7 wta.
@ fiuruo8u om XIX B. SpeHcku mun

c kpeMbqHo-ygapeH MexaHu3bM

usBuma gpu>kka.
O Xaugyruka kaMa om XVlll B.
CaMocmpe^ - Bug ap6anem. Ulupoko u3no^-

sBaHo om xarigymume npe3 XV-XVIl B. Bug

opr>kue. Cavrocmpenu

AyrcrBoro rpe 6rlsa. flnaHIIHcKIIre

[rpoxoAH ca no.f nocTosHHaTa oxpaHa
Ha lepBeHT-lxllllre . Ho Llecro II\leHHo

oT Te\HrrTe cpe_trr rr3JII3aT JFoTII

I"I

BO-]

II

nocTHHTe fapHr,r3oHn, v3cvl{aT ce oorrrr4pHH fopH, Ho BbIIpeKH BcHr{Ko xail-

BO

ce u3pa6omBanu

CnuBeH.

Ba ttocToflHHa rrporr4BoAeficrBaula
HapoAHa cvra v nai,t-MacoBara SopHaa
Ha Bbopb)KeHa cbnpornBa Ao Br:paN.taHero.
*

Taxa \aiiJyulKoro ABH)r(eHr4e cra-

cneurrAJrHa Kareroprlt HacercHilc. HaToBapeHo cbc 3alaqaTa /:la oxpaHflBa

nraHHHcKr.rTc npoxoArr, MocToBe lr AP. r\.{ecTa 3a
npeMHHaBaHe - 5. ct.

AepBeHTf:fiuu

Ompnd ont ,rceo6odnu xutTdynru"

npeneMa Cotpun

npn

1595 z.
s.t'

S*
e

T*

&

.>.-

";

Ha ceeep or dlrnae ce cr6Lrpar foAeMH

qeru - 6urapn, sbp6w mAp., u Aefi,crBar
Karo o6oco6eHH r-racrH or TpaHCHABaHcKara H BnaruKara eoHcrca. llpes Serpyapv - Mapr 1595 r. orpsA, Bepo-srHo
KoHeH, or ,,2OOO cno6oAurz xawryTr"

[peMrruaea ftrr aB v Br,3rron zea]aKv. ce or

Bt,p^yBau{aTa qJ,rN4a, c BHe3a[Ha aTaKa

npeR3eMa Co$aa. Crparefr,rqecKara

KpefrocT e pa3fpaoeHa H ono>KapeHa.
Orpa4T 'T HMa 3a qen Aa HaHece uIerII
Ha Bpafa lt Aa ce oTTefnI4 c tr\trt{KaTa.
flpe: aBfycr 1596 r. Apyra Apy>KHHa
or 1300 6ouryw BoAI4 erIHt{Hv,6nrwu B

CeeepH a fio6pyA>Ka. Karo rpeMI,IHaBa

{yHaea, Ap}"KHHara c pa3Beru 3HaMeHa
Hara1a Ba6aAar 14 fo pa3rpa6ea.
Ha BpbrrlaHe nl,rsr u e rpeceqeH or
12 000-Ha rypcKa apMHfl . XauqrrHTe
vs6nr,ar 4O0O ryprlu H caMH H3MHpar

rroqrr4 Ao KpaK. flo epeMe Ha Bor"lHara

nereHAapHI.I TIOABLI3LI H3BbpLUBa 11

6urapcKzsr eoaeo4a Ba6a Hoeax,

Kororo BnaLUKHrrr KH-a3 Mprxanm Xpa6pn

rrpaBa KoMaH Ar4p sa xaltAyLUKHTe crl
Lplx<wHr4. flpes rponerra Ha 1596 r.

roii paz6vrea pyMenafrcxns, 6eilnep6eu

Xacan rarua, o6pura fo B 6atcleo,

vs6uea Bor-{cKara My, rtleH-aBa o6og a v

u Lr [peB3eMa Bpaqa.

opr-,>Kr4irra

18

TIbPBOTO TbPHOBCKO BbCTAHTilE- 1598

tlpe: 1593 n Ocuaucnara uMtrepuq 3a[orrBaAbrra noftna c AncrpnR, TpaHcu.rnaunR, B.naruno n MolAona. llopaxeunrra t :acu;rsar oceo6oAureJrH[Te crpeMeil([ na 6r,rrapure I{ Te Aocrl{rar cBofl Bpbx n lfrpnoro rbpHoBcKo BbcraHue.
I43I-PA}I(A,{HE HA
oPr-AH1434UIIflTA

Or nbpBrrre roAr4Hvr Ha sofiHara

Hape.t c rari:yrcrBoro B Eurapvr 3afloqBa rro.froroBKara na o6uo BbcraH:ae
3a orxBbprf He Ha ocMaHcKaTa BJracT c
noNrotuTa Ha BorcBaulr,rTe xpncTnflHcKvr
.tbpi.r\aarr. flpe: I 595- 1596 n 6tlrapcKl4
npareHr{ur{ HeKonr(oKpaTHo yBeptBaT
TpaHcrrrBaHcKr4fl KHt3 B foToBHoCTTa
Ha Hapora ila ce BAHTHe Ha 6op6a,

Todop

Eutuuct

Ifseet

Ilxop-

d,H{'eBurt npu
s6ctrrpuucKufl

u-vnepunrop
e lTpuzct.

.s

aKo noJ'Iyqv noMotu. HIIKoIIoncKHflT

nbpBeHeu Toaop EaluHa, TbpHoBcKr4rr
apxrrerr r{c

Kon

f,uoH14

cvtit P atu

at

.{

vr

.ty6poBHr{rIKHre rbpfoBuH llaeer

Axoprxr.r r{ v 6parn CopKot{ eBrqvl
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3aroBopHr4qecKa lefiHocr. B Haqaroro Ha
1595 r. flxopAx(Ht{ 3aMHHaBa ga BraIrIKo
lr TpaHcr.{JrBaHVflvt craBa Bpb3Kara Mexqy
KHr3ere HM v lrtrapcKr,ITe rIonIlTI4LIecKH

reriurr. Orrala ycraHoBflBa

KoHTaKTvr vr c

rpvitctlrfl t{Mreparop.
flo roBa BpeMe To4op EarnHa u !voHr{clui Par v vr3rpa}r(Aar vrauta6 sa rafisa
opraHrz:,arrvn e Etrrapvrfl v npvrB.rlnqar B
rpareH vrrLr Ha aBc

Aeroro BraAuur4re tr lepeunn PyceHcKH,

Cn vpLU oH IlIyMeHcK14, TeoSan

Ioee[rKr4 t4 Merolnfi or

,,PoMaHvrr,"

(TpaKr.rr, BeporrHo flnoeAlaB

ApxrrerncKonbr
cBerueHVlU:,.t

3aBe)K

v l8

ra

- 5. a.).

12 rrpruoBcKl4

B:aAHT4

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feJrr4eTo 3a Bflp-

HOCT AO CMbpT Ha
AeJroro. Tolop EanvHa o6nrcats2l u*t
cTapo[JraHHHcKr4Te u AP. xpr4cTr4flHcKvr

npno6uraBa rottoBere n rtbpBeHUHTe HM KbM OpfaHr43aunflTa.

CypoBHTe rrJraHrIHUH, MHo3vHa or
KOI4TO HMar tIyrUKH, Ce KbJIHaT, qe lue
ceJra

3aB3eMaT [pOXOAr{Te, ,,34

Ia

He MO)Ke

Aa wz1sra HHro eAI4H typunu". To4op

EarnHa ce Bprrua e Hp{rcoron H roJlara
,,KJrerBa 3a cburoro Aeno 3aeAHo c 23-

Ma cBerueHrrrt4 t4 40 Apyrr4 rrbpBeHur4

Ml4pflHH".

Ur E HATA Ar4 rrrOMA Wfl

flpe: 1596 r rofi cro6uaBa B rrncMo
3AC

Ao rpaHcHJrBaH cKvrfl KHfl3 CnrrasMynA

Baropn cBeAetvrfl 3a qucreHocrra vl
rBkDr(eHnero Ha rypcKr4Te eofr cKI4,
cr6paun or Mpelr(a saltroAare tv, a
KH.fl3br My o6euaBa

roMoul or 2000

BoHHr4.

1597

Ha cnerHara

r.

3aexHo

rrpaTeH14unTe Ha
Cvtr143NryHA Ea-

v Mlrxavn
a6pu B rBopa
Ha aBcrpvrficrcus

Topr4
Xp

r4Mreparop B flpa-

fa npHcrHfa
6rtrapcKa

vr

Aene-

farrvrfl or 12 KoHHr4UH Haqeno c

Toaop Ear vHa v

rroMouIHHK flaBen lxopA)KH rr.

lnal,rara ca rpneTVr C [OqeCTH OT

Todop Eu-tuH(t

6tt.,tzupcKu BTtcrnaH Ut(U Ce SOKJte6grn

nped EesHzenuenro.

r
l'-

EanzapcKu

BTrcrrtgH uK,

rbrqp',bJrceH C tpUntU,,tHs
nyruKo u ca6n on, ,rtypcKu
trrun.

Bct{trrlr, KAKTo
I\___ ,riln"
__n

ran crpana, .honnft\ Baua csernocr

nHem.

nficfio

Pyaon0 II,
Karo EalHua

ro-

ny.{aBa 300 pefincKH fynAeHa B cpe-

6rpHn

a f

cbAoBe,

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loro-

BOpeHO e HMfreprTopbr

AA Id3ilpATI,{ B TTOMOUI
HA TIOAfOTBflHOTO Bb.

craHne 2000

KoHHHTTH

4000 nexorvH\v?
a 6urapr4re Ia rroA14

Abp)Kar ra3vr eoficKa

rrpoAoBorcrBne v SVpax. BrocrreAcrBHe

Py:ordr II nHIrIe Ha
Avro

14

cuit

atvt.,

qe e 3afpH)KeH 3a r43fpa)K.qaHeTo Ha ,,TaKbB cbro3 Ha

opbxr4 flTa v Ha xop ara", Kofiro D,a
.toeeAe Ao ycretueH xpafi eofiHara.
A rbpHoBcKr{flT apxverrr4cKorr BoAH
KopecroHAeHrrr4fl c Mnxann Xpa6pn Lr
ro yBepflBa,.{e 6rrrapr4Te rrle H3nbrHflT
ttoernTe aHra)r(HMeHTr{. Pa:rpeBo)r(eH
Ja He 6n BJracHTe Ia cKrroqar MHp
c rypunTe, rofi y6ex4 aBa KHfl3a, qe

BapABar crapoilraHvrHcKHTe rrpoxo JrI.

frnro rroAroTBflHoro BbcTaHue wzlyxBa
npe3 cerrreMBplr 1598 n e TrpHoBo . Anouucvtit Pam cr6upa HflKoJrKo xvrrfltrr4
BbCTaHIdLIV, KOT4TO C pa3BeTn 3HaMeHa
o6ssssur 3a uap eAHH cbMHHTeJreH rroToMbK Ha lllnurnaaHoBrrn rroA HMero
[lzuruau III. TogH aKr AeKnapkrpa Ha-

3a Bb3cTaHoB.flBaHe Ha
6rnrapcKara Abp)Kasa. Ho KbM HrKorarxMepeHr{eTo

HaTa

6urapcKa cTonuua ce HacoqBar

Bl.rAr.r(R

t9

BAlrara somcna aa nplcrl.rfNe ryK.tt

Ao rpaNcl.rABANcK[n hHns Crrrsrrrvng

Earop

1596 r.

oxPHACKIdflT

APXHEIIHCKON BAPNAAM

flpes 1598 r. Mbr{eHHqecKH 3afnBa

oxpnA cKvrflT apxHerIHCKorI BapnaoM,
rcofrro ,,rrocrp aD,aL 3a r4crvrHara B
rpa,q Benec". BsnrapcKvrs,T apxnepefr

lwouucuit Patn

rbpceH rpn rrbru, 3a tra 6ue oTBeAeH B

IIapnrpaA, Ho ycrrflBa trace cilacv c rroAKyn or 2700 rporua Ha rbpHoBcKr4fl Ka-

rvn.Ha 4-wn rrbr rofi ce KpHe

18

lnn

e y6nr or ryprlnTe aa 28 vrafi 1598 r.,

a rsnoro My e xBbpneHo B peKa BapAap. BrgNro)KHo e rofr Aa e cB6p3aH c
rroAroroBKara Ha llrpBoro rbpHoBcKo
BbcTaHHe, B KOgTO yr{aCTBaT AyxOBHHIIH or CeeepHa Burapvrs. w Tpaxna.

Blaurxo.
CeeAeHkrrra 3a pa3Bor Ha BbcTaHr4eTO CA TBbpAe OCKbAHIT V HHTO
eAHa Kbrrla H HaKp as 6sra BbB

Y.racma My e or6eng3aHa or
BCCTCH KHH>KOBHHK,

HO

e flCHO., qe rO He Ce trBr4)Kr4

rro

rpeAB apvrrerrHnfl rrJraH. BupeKH ToBa

flrpnoro rbpHoBcKo BbcraHne e laafrna 6urapnTe rrpe3

B. Aa r43BoroBar ceo6o trara cv.

3Haqr4TeJrHr4flT orru{T

XVI

HeH3-

A NO-KbCHO

or pycKns. (yxparaucxa) rpaBocnaBeH

nHCareA VIeaH BHuTeHCKH 14 HMero
My cTaBa H3BeCTHO B TOfaBaLI-IHr4fl.
flpaBocnaBeH cAaBflHCKH cBsT.

cpa)KeHnflTa, HVTO TypCKVTe KnaHeTa

Morar ga 6rlar AerafinHo Bb3craHoBeHH,

OfnenesHe Hs 67'ctrrsHuenro B Tapnoro u

trposbrszracflGaHe Ha

lUuru.usn

III

3s t(sp.

t
*:

{n
ex
,i
t
It

ti
' g'*i

'+

fyHan v 6rnrapr4Te ce cTvuar B pe.frrrIHTe HM. Muoro xafiEyrr4 Lr cerrHr | 3a-

NA To6,op EannHA

JrnrrcBar cBeAeHHfl.

4E&;

llpe:

flaxo car\\o AA Aoxl.rBeert\ AA

HararbrrHara cr16a na To4op Bawtna

HAqNHAHI/E HE CC OCbIICCTBqBA.

eceHra Ha cJrerHara 157 8 r.

BJrarrrKr{Te noficrcn HaxnyBaT Ha For or

cBerchn Anqa, Bnaxl.r I npocrr.r xopa

"iffiEF

rr rr\raJrr odu [JaH -fa norerJrflT cpeuy

c\.-rraHa". rr HacrorBa rori :a v3filolrHkr

BbCTAHI,IETO

3HaqlrreJrHr{ rypcKr4 curJrr4. B HepaBHara

6utxa MHoro oT BbcraHHuHTe ca vtz6r4Tr4)
a ocraHarvrre - nopo6eHu. [UraurMaH
III Hanrvpa ylexwro e Pycvrx,, a 3a ro-

..\ro cKoBeubl rronqur4Te, CeAur4rpaAcKo

r r p r r \ r c Kr r.f, T r r Nrrr epaTop c e cropa3yM errvr

\prlcrrrflHcKrlr crr _tb_rf. Karo ce [pHTeqe

Ha rolroru. Cnope: oSurru rrJau Mnxar4rl
Xpadprr rpnSea -la rpe\rrrHe lymana,
B Cnyuan qe peKaTa 3a\rpb3He, v Ia
oKyrrr4pa reprrroprrflTa -to EarKaHa, Ho
rofr ce orracflBa, qe rue 5r:e no-]BeAeH,vr
Jo Kpafl Ha 1597 r. rro-trorB,qHoro o6uro

AvxoBntt, TAKA

n
KATo NAll BcerrrnnocrtrB pocnoAap ea Bora Aa
iEAATOBOAI{T il Nll l'|3npATHTe eA[N CflOCODN NAr-lA.lNUK C l.lSBeCTNO vnCnO sOllltllqfi
,3AI4OTO TbK.l\O CerA e yAODNO Bpe^\e 3A AeAOTO, SA KOeTO npeA^ArAxftre CIAITe
foir r npenn rosa J{He ft\oAl,r.r\ Hai-roperqo c Baua cBernocr BcrutKn Ntle A[LtNs AA ce

.**

20

lnUTCItIlTE HA TIETrP TIAPTIEBTrq

Pelou c peJrr{rno3Hara rrporraraHna Or.nrapcmure KaroJrr{qecKn aefiqu npes XVII B. pa3BrrBar rr ceprro3Ha
rroJnrrr,rqecKa r,r nyJrrypna leftuocr. PesHocreH rrarpr{or, Ilerrp flapvennv [ocBerrlaBa rleJrrrfl cr{ xtrBor Ha
eAHa rleJr - QopnaupaHero Ha aHTr{ocMaHcKa KoaJrrrqur sa oceo6o}KgeHuero na Eurapun.
EYHTO B HVIT E HACTPOE HVTfl
flopaNeHnnra Ha Typrrvn n KpnrcKara
sofiHa (1645-1669) v aHra)KnpaHocrra
Ha BOeHHr4Te U CVLV AaBaT HaAe)r(AH Ha
6rnrapr4re ra H3BoroBar ceo6o rara cv.
flpanocraBHn H Karonvluia rarup6Bar penr4-

Eecap a6a ( 1 63 3- I 654). PeruaBar, qe 3a

Kay3ar a rpxlBa Aa 6rlar rrpnBneqeHn
flontua Beneur4fl vr HaToBapBar c

v
flerrp flapueBnq,

Mncvflra

roBa BpeMe e e MonAoBa.

rcofiro

llpe:

ro

1647 r.

rHo3HHTe cr,r rrporr,rBopeqnfl vt o6elvrHflBar

rofr rpr4crvra B ABopaHaBta4ucrae IV

( 163 2-1648). Pagcei,tsa cbMHeHnnra Ha

ycvrMfl. Bola.IHTe Ha Rb3HHKHaJIoro

ABH)r(eHr4e., VMeHATa Ha KOI4TO He Ca

Kpanfl, pa3Kazsafircw My 3a pe[rr4Mocrra

ua 6rnrapnTe tra rnBoroBar ceo6o Aara

cBoHTe

AocrnrHaJtvAo Hac, cMflTar, .Ie GbrrapcKuTe

Aeficre vr rpfl6sa Aa ce cbqera rr c re3n
Ha cbceAHr4Te HapoAI4 v Ia ce ocHfypH
noMorura Ha eBponeficrcnre Abp)I(aen. Te
BrpBal qe caMo raKa 6rnrapnre Morar Aa

orxBbpnrr po6crBoro.

IIbPBATA MIICVIfl
flrpBara vM crbnKa e Aa norbpcflT
noMorura Ha BJIaIIKHfl KHfl3 Marefi

cv, KaKTo v 3a cila6ocrra Ha Typur4Te.

Br:roprHar or v1erra, BnaAncnaB IV
ce rorBflr 3a
Hape)K ra Ha soficrcr4Te cv
3HaMe c Kpbcr,
noxoA H My AaBa qepBeHo ^a

rpbcreH

cBofl noprper

HaArIVc:
HapvcyBaH,

.,.,Vrvtaitre Me rtpHBHAeH v
)Kr4B v krcrvrHcKn". flocre,
HeH3BecrHo 3auro., He ocTaBfl flapveBnq
ila rrpoAbJr)Kn 3a Ben e:-1:afl v rofi ce

AoKaro loiala

Bpruta BbB Brarurco. Tanr rpeAaBa

Ha

i'"-p

NETbP NAP'IEBl4II
Tou e eguH om BugHume geuqu Ha kamonuukama
nponaeaHga npe3 XVll B. PogeH e npe3 1612e.

BUB BugHo qunpoBcko ceMeilcmBo, euumo

kopeHu omBe>kgam krrrn cmapama 6unaapcka
apucmokpaLlun. Ha 11 eoguHu e u3npameH B
l/manufl, krgemo nonyva8a 6necmnqo obpasoBaHue B [/nupuilckun kone>k B Aopemo u ce
gunnoMupa kamo gokmop no kaHoHuqecko npaBo
u meonoeun. flo uckaHe Ha [1emup SoagaH ce
saBprula B Sunaapun, H0 ckopo 3aMuHaBa 3a
MongoBa kamo cekpemap Ha MapquaHononckun
apxuenuckon Mapko SaHgynoBuq. Tarvr cmaBa
agMuHucmpamop u anocmonu.{ecku Bukapuil,
a npe3 1656 ?. MapquaHononcku apxuenuckon.

HeyMopeH pagemeA sa u3epa>kgaHemo Ha

aHmuocMaHcka koanuqufl, moil ycmaHo8nBa
mecHu Bprsku c Bnaukun u MongoBckun kHns
u npegnpueMa rrnuo>kecm8o gunnoMamuqecku
Mucuu cpeg eBponeuckume cmonurlu.

Ilenrcp fTapueeuq npu doltco uer Benequn u

He?o8ufl cb6enl.

{
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i
i,

,rlke, ilapoAr{Te Ha llsrona, cilp

NA

Eannawre il npeA[

qapcrBo Eanrapun, c DeAil BpaAl.r, c noseAeAil- FAABn,

C x^bTllAAl.l Otll{, C qe3ileqfi CIAH Ce OBPbI{Ar\\e 3A
ra caera AA rspoNnr rnpaNrNA or llsrora llaponar
oceooo6,n r.r r.rgnpaulatrre cbulfin nparen[K, lor lerap

to

Bc

( rpe)r(AeBpeMeHHo BbcraHI4e. HalexAa

r,rM BAbxBa

flerup Eorlan

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qr,r

AABATS\

tlernnl
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ra Erlrapvr-3a 1ace cpeurHe c BoAaqvre

Ha rBla)KeHzero. Te My roKa3Bar orpa3HeHH or ocMaHcKr4Te eoficKr4 Mecra
rr ro y6ex4aBar KoJrKo JrecHo e tra ce
oceo6oAn,,V3ToKbr". floncKr4qr cefinr
o6a.re orKa3B a Aa orrrycHe cpeAcrBa 3a
eofiHara, a cMbprra Ha BnaAncJraB IV

HM[epaTop cbulo ca

II cbcraBflT HoB nJAH :a oSurr J,et"IcrB:nt_

nfrl)111s Tr purrr. OrHoeo I-lemp flapueBrrL{ rprdea :a ySerrr florrua., Ancrpnr
rr BeHeurrfl Ja roAKperqr )KaAyBaHoro
BbcraHHe Ha 6rnrapr4re. Cna6len c
nbrHoMorrIHH rrHcMa oT qH[poBcKr{Te

nbpBeHrlv, or flerrp EoraaH v or @paHqecKo MapxaHnq, AH[noMaTbr rroeMa KbM

Bapruana. Tanr e rrpner or HoBr4fl Kpan
,fH KasvMlap (1648-1668) H or BeJTHKHT
KaHrrnep OconnHcKr{, BJrara rrennfl ckr
TaIaHT B rrpefoBopHTe, Ho foJUrMa qacT oT
rroJrcKr4Te cr4nv ca B rpa)KraHcKaTa eofrFra
c Ka3auHTe Ha EorAaH Xuersr{uKr{. fru

Ka:nu krp r43pa3flBa roroBHocr Aa roMorHe,

Ho rrocraBfl, ABe ycnoBkrfl - BbB sofiFlara
.la ce BKJrroqr4 vr Ancrpnr, a BeHerrzq

Ja

rpoAbJr)KH 6ofiHnre AeficrBvrr

3a

o-B Kpnr. Tara B Kpan ua uafi 1650 r: flapqeBur{ rrpr{crr{ra BbB Bneua 14 e rrpner or
OepauHaHA III ( 1637-1657). Ho Aecrpvn

e H3TouIeHa or Tp"aacerroAuuHara

eofi Ha n rofi rtorr]rq aBa c aMo cbLryBcrBnero

Ha HMrrepaTopa v Be)KJil,rBLrf My oTKa3.

flpeanorbr e cburecrByBauvflr

MnpeH

AO|OBOp CbC CynraHa.

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tra ce roMnpvr
c florura qpe3 rocpe.qHnqecrBoro Ha
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e cBbpurLrra v penyltvKara Ha cB.

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orHoBo c ryput4Te. BexJIvrBvtrr orKa3
fo rrpr4Hy)r(AaBa Aa roTbpcl4 noMoulTa
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v fo MoJrr4 Aa fioAKpe[LI fioJlfluHTe' 3?

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orqaflHn orrr4TV Aalbpctl ctAefrcrBl4e or
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ycree Aa H3rpaAn SreuyBaHara KoaHo AenoTo My noAfoTBfl rrolrBaTa
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flpHBnvrlfa MHofo oT IIaB^HK-'IHHTe

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ca cBbp3aHH c poAeHafl. rpe3 160 1 r.

e HHnpoBerI flemp BorAan Baxuree.

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e VIrarvrs' rpe3 163 1 r. rofi ce 3aBpbrr1a B Btnrapvfl vr craBa Kycroc Ha

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e 3a rpbB apxaerracr(orr Ha Co$ufr-

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vr MonloBa

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22

BToPoTo TbPHoBCKo BrCTAHnE -

1686

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nopall(eHue Ha rypuure. Te ocraBflT Ha 6oftnoro rloJre 20 000 Tpyna u uflJrara cr.r aprr{Jrepun. Orcpu;reHu or
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3aMHH aBa ga

MocKBa.

Cnel no6el ara cpeuy Typunx or

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ckr HaA 6atKaHcKnre xpncrvflHr4. B
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f,

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c orprA or

c flonrua, cd xBbpJreHH cpeuy rflx.

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cKopo oSxeaua roreMr4 qacrr4 or Cenepua

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HA BbCTAHI4ETO
BrcraHr4ero uz6yxYa B TrpHoBo

14

Elrrap zrfl., f a6poBcKo, TporHcKo,

e o6sBeH PocrncJraB CrparHMHpoBHrr,

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cv. Cre:

ce orrerJrflT KbM Co$ur, KbAero Srrra-

pure cburo ca rpa6Harv

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arv

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a

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or o3Bepennre rypqu. BrnpeKH roBa orqe

23

r HacereHuero rro AyHaBcKoro

rcpafi6pe)Kne Me)KAy Hnrcouon H Cuturrpe3 1687

cTpa IIoJIlrqaBa opb)KHrI oT BnaIIIKH.fl KHfl3

lll.rep6as KaHraKy3HH H rIpoAbJI)KaBa ra
ce 6yHTyBa.

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CbAEATA HA BOAATII,ITE
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seruir Ay6poBcKH ce lo6vpur Ao PnncKHq MaHACTVp ronyMbprBH rlopanld
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A
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u mypcKume

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e paHeH.

XVII e.

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lefiuu llerrp Eor4aH, OpaHqecKo
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oco6euo flemp llapueBurr yrBbp)KAaBar
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HA

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or Haqanoro Ha 1688 r. )Kr{TeJrr{Te Ha
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XenegHa ce 3aeMar c rroAroroBKaT a Ha
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14

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25

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or

100

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26BbCTAHMETO HA KAPIIOil 1689

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14

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ce

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(21 vrau) l-lopagu u3gauHuqecmBo moBa cmaBa
npe>kgeBpeMeHHO. SyHmoBHuuume HRMam
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28

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14

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QannrnSnKaropnTe He croMeHaBar HHrrIo 3a Bpb3KHTe Ha Kapnoru c aBCTpkrittlure, 3a roBa,
qe rofr KoMaHABa orpsA or xafiAlTvr, aBCTpHitt1t v yHrapr1H, He
c|IoMeHaBaT v AyMa 3a flpncTr4faHero Ha BofreoAara B pafroHa Ha
3Herrone or TpaxHa, 3arqoro re3H
6eecrropHz SaKT;z^ o6e3cMHcnsr
Te3ara vrM. 14 lg.afi-Ba)KHoro - lr3Ba)KAaT BbCTaHHeTO OT KOHTeKCTa
Ha o6rqara 6op6a Ha 6rttrapnTe
repuoAa

68

6-1690 f.

EOPEA 3A CbXPAHEHI4E HA
KHI4}ITOBHO C T TA IT KYITYPATA
flper Abrrr{Te BeKoBe Ha po6crBoTo durapr,rre BoAflT He caMo Bbopb)KeHa 6op6a c nopodl{TeJrr,rre cr{, Ho r{ Tex(Ka
6nrna 3a cbxpaHeHue Ha cBor{Te e3HK r{ HapoAHocE Bflp a v o6uqan. B Hefl peIIraBaIIIa poJrfl H3HfpaBaT MaHacTHpIrTe
rI KI,Irufi Hure yqI,IJIIrIua.
}J

PA3PYXATA I4
ABORHOTO HfO
OcuaucKl4Te 3aBoeBarenH yHvnqo)KaBar He caMo He3aBr4cr{M ura 6rnrapcKa

Or 6re crq urara r\vBnnv3ar\vfl

ua Broporo 6rnrapcKo uapcrBo ocraBar
caMo pyr4Hvr. VznerreJreHkr ca rpaAoBe n

Abp)Kaea.

MaHacTnpvr

- cPe.qvu-I.a Ha KHr4)KoBHocTTa

vr Kynrypara. llpeAcraBr,rreJrnre Ha
TrpHoBcKara KHHXoBHa rrKona rbpcfl,T crraceHne B .{y)K6nna. 3ana1,a
o6pa:oBaHnero. BrnrapcKara rarpnapur4fl e JrHKBvrtrvpaHa, a cJreA rpeB3eMaHero Ha Ilapvrpa1 cynraHbr tlpoBb3rJrac flBa rarp vapx fen awtia Cxo-

tapni,t 3a AyxoBeH rnaBa Ha

BcvqKI4

v xpvcrvrflHvr B r4 M I] epvflT a.
JLw[reHH oT co6crBeHa ubpKBa, 6rnrapr4re raAar ocBeH roA rypcKo po6crBo vr rroA AyxoBHoro r,rro Ha IlapunpaBo cJraBH

rpaAcKara rrarpuapLlr4n Or

XVIII

B.

HMero Ha fpbul(ara,,MefaJIlalaryefl" - Bb3craHoBqBaHeTo Ha Bu:aurv4 rpruKnTe

AyxoBHVTIV C BCHTTKH CkrJrkr Vr CpeACTBa

ffi

ilttu

ce o[r4TBar tra 3arvqar 6rnrapvrre Karo

orAeneH HapoA.

MAHACTI4PUTE
BrnpeKr4 He[ocI4JIHI4Te ycn oBlafl
SrnrapcKara AyxoBHocr He yracBa.
MaH acrkrpvrre rpoAbJr)I(aBar tra cbxpaHflBar crapv pbKorrvrcr4, Id tIoAAbp)Kar KaJrr4rpa$cx vre rpatrLrrtr4r4 vr lnafiBa)I(HOTO - D,a na3flT OT tIOfI4BaHe
Srnrapc Kr4r e3r4K. B rflx 6orocny)Ke-

Hr4eTO Ce BOAI4 Ha CnaBflHCKH, a B

yqHnnulaTa r4M ce yLraT Ha qeTMo v

rrncMo He caMo 6ueutvre MoHacr{, Ho

Aeua or rrflna Burapvfl. Oure rpe3
1578 r. B yqr4rr4rrlero Ha MaHacTVpa

14

lnvnrrp", 611430 Ao Eqra flalasK?, lluporcKo, rerr4Ma Karyrepr4 yqar

Aeuara Ha qereHe , trr4caHe, fteeHe kr
,,CB.

A
dueranunm eud, do6um cned pexoncmpynqunma om XIX eex.

6'strapcKa nr4Typrvr. PnncKr4flT v

acrvp ce rpe-

Puncxunm MaHact rup

XuneHAap cKkrflr MaH

Eduucmeeuama sans?eHs nocmpoilxa om CpednoeeKoruemo e Xpenuoeama Kyna s

BpbuIaT B vcTvrHcKr4 rrpocBeTHH ofHp{-

deopa ua uaHscmapa.

ua, Ho 6rnrapcKr,r yqvnr4ura vMa vr

BbB BpaqaHcKnfl MaHacrnp ,,CB, VlsaH
EeaHrerl4cr", B MaH acrvrpa,,CB. Voarcnwt
OcoroBcKH", B Kr,rnz$apeBcKr4fl, 9eperrntuKnfl vr Eo6oureBcKnfl MaHacrup, B
KpaToBcKara o6nrer,,CB. Eoropo4nrla"
vr o6nreJrra ,,CB. fanpnn lecnoBcKr4",
cbulo Ao KparoBo. Cnel orBaprHero Ha
MHO)KeCTBO yr{r4nr4ula OT TaKCVTtrVTOTVT

P],IACK]4flT MAHACTI4P
B Ha,{anomo na XV B. mypcku pae6olHurlu ao onycmouaBam. Toil sanycmnBa, uo unkonko gecem{Aemufl
no-ktcHo ce Buspa>kga om nenenuulama. 0kono 1460 e. 6pamnma om c. l-paHuua, KncmeHguncko - l4ocu$,
Ila8ug u Teo$an, ycnn8am ga ao 0ueo6uo0nm crc cobcmBenu cpegcmBa u c noMoulma sa okonHomo
Hace^eHue. flpes 1469 a. B ueeo ca npeHeceHu om TupxoBo Mou.lume xa cB. l48an Puncku, koemo cma8a
egHo om ual-guaqumenHume cr6umun oa Bpeuemo cu. 3a6oaamnn u ykpennan, uaHacmupum cma0a
Moebqa onopa Ha 6rnaapquuama u kpynen kHu*oBeH ueHmbp. Kunuluomo yvunuule kru ueao e egHo om
ual-peuouupaHume u npe3 XVlll B. ga8a o6paao8anue 0 gBe cmeneHu -,,npocma kruea" u ,,no-0ucoku
Hayku". Heao0u Brsnumauuqu ca egHu om HaI-uenBeHume Bupo>kgeHuu om Haqanomo Ha XIX 8., kamo
Heo$um Puncku, ABepku floncmosnoB, Xpucmaku IaBnoBuq u MH. gp.

29

30 (ntrHuqn, cr6uparyu noNIoI[I{ 3a IIbp- TaKcr{Ilrorr,r lr tr3rroBelHurlr4, orBaprr }r

KBat4Irv MaHacrr,rp - 6. a.), MecrHrr cBe- yqurvn\a 3a qerMo, rrrrcMo r4 IrbpKoBHo
uleHr4ur4 v AacKanv, Aeuara orr4Bar B fleeHe. flo rexnnq noqr4H MHoro
Tqx, 3a Aa rlpoAbnxar o6patonaHl,Iero cBerrleHuun cbrrlo orBaprr KbM qepKBlrre
CI,I, 3aBbplleHO B pOAHOTO CeJIO Unn Cn yrIHnI4UIa, HapUrIaHn IIOIICKI4 I,IJII,I

rpaA.

Ctcpe.qoroqasairru 3aA creHure

Karro MaHacrr,rpcKr4Te, TaKa

re ce Hapuqar Kvluituu,3arqoro ce

KI,IJII{frHI,ITEYIII,UINIIA

1un+r4nvrqe

e Co Sna cbulo vwa cBercKo

B eAHH

vltuefi or co$uitcrcara

ubpKBa ,,CB. flapacKeBa" ce c[oMeHaBa

Zr.Io lacxanoB

cHH".

3a ,,flon

r,r

Karcro MaHacrnpcKoro, r{ rcnnui,tHoro

cBeTcKo yqvnwqe ce [oMerrlaBa B cTafl,
caMo qe B Kburara Ha yqnTenfl. B Hefl
HrMa yve6nr4 ilpvcuoco6r eHkrfl, a Aerlara
yqaT Ha [oAa, rroKpHT c pofo3Ka vrwr c
rrocTeJrKr4, KoHTo AoHacrT oT AoMa cr{.

lI CBeIIISHI,IUH, Ho IIO-K6CHO I4 CBSTCKH

JIIlIla, KOeTO IIOCTaB' HaqaJIOTO Ha
cBeTcKoToyqHnl{ue.IIpe:XVII_XVIII

flpu vepruure rlo rpaAoBe II IzLIIaHKI,I BeK BbB Bpaua yr{r4rencrBar Aac1anr{re
MaHacrupltre ItMar cBoI,I Merocll, B Paurro, llerpe Jlosalos z Xpr.rcro0op,
Kol,lro OCBOH qe )KIaBetr. MOHaCIrre - r llnpor - AacKaJI l4osau, s TprnHa 3O

flpes 17 54 r

ubpKoBHr4.

CII KHI4XOBHL4fl. 14 AyXOBHIT' )KI,IBOT, IIOMeIIIaBaT B CTaI1{, HapeqeHI,I KVIIII/^Id.

MaHacrI,IpHre I{3I,IrpaBar pelxaBaula B rqx ce o6yvanar no 10-20 yqeHuur4.
ponf, 3a 3arla3BaHero ua 6urapcrara Vqurenure [bpBoHar{arHo ca MoHacr,r

HapOnHOCT.

tracKan CrorH, B c. Alxap - tracKan

He4arxo, s Ioseq - rpaMarnK AyrrKo.

TPAOCKl,IRT MAHACT}I P

Mauacmuprm ,,C8. feopau 3oapa$", HaMupaul ce Ha n-o8 Amou, e oc3roBan, cnopeg npegaHuemo, B
X Bekom mpuMama 6uneapcku MoHacu om 0xpug-Apox, Moucei u lrloaH. flpee CpegHoBekoBuemo
6rneapckunm MaHacmup e sakpunnH u nognoMa?aH om mtpno0ckume qape, om Bugnu 6onnpu u xunngu
noknoHHuuu om qfl^ama 6rnaapcka geMn. CeaaurHume My c?pagu ca cmpoeHu om cpegama na XVlll B.
Hacau, kamo okoHqamenHomo apxumekmypHo o$opunne Ha obumenma npuknrovBa B 1896 a. lrlsmoqHomo
uaHacmupcko kpuno c *unuquume noMeuleHun e BrscmaHo8eHo npes 1758 e. c noMouma xa kmumopa
om Saucko-xag*u Brn,ro,6pam Ha omer.l flaucul. llpes Beko8eme 3oapa$ckunm MaHacmup ce
ymBuprkgaBa kamo eguH om HaI-sHa,{umeAHume gyxoBHu u o6pasoBamenHu qeHmpoBe Ha 6tnaapume.
B neeo pa6omu rag cBonma,,14cmopun cnaBnno6unaapcka" u flaucutiXu^eHgapcku. B uauacmupckama
6u6nuomeka ce cuxpaun0a He caMo repHo8ama Ha ma3u 6tnaapcka cBemuHn, Ho u MHoeo qeHHu
cmapo6rnaapcku pukonucu, kakmo u xu^flgu cmaponeqamHu knuau. Cnopeg unkou gauHu B kunulHomo
yqu^uule Ha MaHacmupa ce usyraBaau ocBeH gpyaume npegMemu u ukoxonuc u cmeHonuc. Ilpee XV-XIX
B. ruoracume 6uneapu goMuHupam u B Xunengapckun uauacmup, cMflmaH mpaguuuoHHo ea cpt6cku.
flpucrcmBue ra 6rnaapu unira B oule Hnkonko aoneuu cBemoaopcku uaracmupa, ktgemo u gHec ce na3flm
xunngu 6rnaapcku ptkonucu. 0mmyk 6unaapckama gyxo8na mpaguuun npogu*aBa ga okasBa cBoemo
apaguBuo BrsgeUcmue B cpr6ckume seMu, Bnauko, MongoBa, MockoBcka Pycun.

V
3ozpaQcKuntn
MOHOCmUp

facr<anbr, xofiro qecro e v 3aHaflT.uvfl,

o6nrcHoBeHo )r(HBee B cbulara crafl v
eAHOBpeMeHHO C rpeilOAaBaHeTO Ha
ypouHTe ce 3aHHMaBa v cbc 3aHafTa
cv. Koraro orcbcrBa. Hqxofi qreH Ha
ceuefrcTBoro My HarJre)KAa yqeHurruTe.

Te ce yqar Aa rnrrar Ha krcrna1eHa

TpHbfbJIHa vltv qeTnpnbfbJrHa AbcLrvilla )

HapeqeHa fraHaKVIa, Koqro ce peHAocBa

vrrv vr3MvrBa cneA BceKH ypoK, 37 Ia

ce Harrnrue HoBHrr. Ha Her yqHTeJIflT
HarrvcBa ar6yxara v y.reHnuuTe ce
yrpalr(HflBaT Aa
HVr

r qerar. B usxovtxvutvtit-

yrrnrvU-Ia ce [Ir4[re Ha KopH

AbpBera

vrv

Ha

Ha uIaBeHH KO)KH BMecro

cnyxar rraqe,
nyfiue vrv opnoBo rrepo. Macrr{Jroro
ce rpr{rorBfl or 6rs kr rrpax or ropeHu
rrrr{KaJrxH. r{epBeHoro MacrnJro, c KoeTo
ce r43rrvrcBar rrbpBnTe 6yrcnn oT HflKoH
peAoBe Ha MonvrTBvrTe, ce rrpHfoTBq
oT pacreHllero ,,opJIoB Kor{ aH". 9ar
Ao 1 8 3 5 r. KHJr uill:'vre yqun vrura ca
Ha rraHaKnrv. 3a ilvcrrr4

eAHHCTBeHT{flT HapOAeH VTHCTVTTyT 3A

rIeTMO, IIHCMO kI IIpOCBeTa.

KHIDKOBH I4TE C PEAI{ IIIA

llpes XV n. rocrereHHo AyxoBHHflT )KHBOT Ce rrpeHacr B
3arra,uH

vre 6rnrapcKu

3eMH.

BaNHa ponfl r,rrpae Bce oue

caMocroflreJr Hara O*p uncKa apxue[r4cKo nkrfl. Cnel

e
b"ot:
.4'LL

Bb3CTaHOBflBaHeTO My rrpe3
ro.rl r4rr4 Ha XV B.

60-re

&

PnncKurr MaHacrnp craBa

r{4

o6uroHapoAeH KHr{)KoBeH
rreHTbp,

c xofiro

cBbp3Bar

T I4MCHATA CV ETHVI OT HAI|{!v

6ene)KHTHTe KHH)KoBH

,fi

Ha enoxara

Bna 1ucnaB

vrIJvr

lpa-

Marr{K u lutvtr4rbp KauraKy3HH.

3a Hy)KAHre Ha o6nreJrra
BnaAncnaB fpavraruK rperrncBa )K:nT:aflTa Ha 6rnrap-

i;* CKHTO CB9TUI4 OT IIaTpuapX

;.., EernN{nfi v caM HarrncBa
,,PurcKara [oBecr" pa3Ka3 3A rpeHac.flHe
Motuvre Ha cB. I,{saqr
PnncKr4 or TnpHoBo B

14

llpe:
XV-XVI e. n o6urenra

PHrcKHq MaHacrvrp.

_-

lJ

l
MaHqcmupbntrrCe. Eozopodut(s" npu Tpec-

Ksrerb lfpunencKo -

eduo orrt Bs)tcHttnte

U

O?H UA10
Oanzspurrre e Maxe-

KH WJ$COSH

ua
don

un npes XVI I XVIII 6. Patpyweru

,|pu trypcKonro 3snoengHue, moit e BblctrrsHoneH npu 1430 z.
orrt Krrr urrrop lt, Ko lllrro
yKpuJtu uMeHsnrs cu.

pa6orxr

KHH)KoBHr4rIr,rre MoHacH

pvril, Map gapnia

fae-

v CnnpvrAoH, a rrpe3

X\III B. r4ryMeH Aranacuiz llpe: XVIII

B. MaHacTr4pbr cTaBa cpeAHrrle Ha
AaMac

KH HC KTr

a KHIDKIT I|IHa,

q H I{TO

BII,.I.HII

rpeAcraBnrenr4 ca VocH$ Epalaru

Enlop" B Ie6rpcKo, TereBeHcKara

o6nrer 14 MH. Ap. llpes XVIII B. Karo
KHH)KoBHH

cpeAnula ce o$opnur Bpaua,

llaHaruopnrrls, KonpnBrunua, A4xap,

KapnoBo, Kalo$ep, TprnHt, EneHd,

Conor, Xep aBHa, Korel,

CaMoKoB,

fynHHUa v Ap.

BaxHo KHrr/hoBHo cpe-tntue npe3

efloxara e rr Cocprrr c oKoJHIITe \raHacrrrprr JparaJeBCKrr. Jo:eHcKII, Kyprr-

Tar.a NraHacrvprrre. KHr nfisnre yqnJrrrua rr SyrHrrre KHrrr(oBHHur{ craBar

nafi-BaxHrrre cf axroprr 3a 3ana3BaHero
Ha SurapcKrr.q e3rrx rr rrrcNleHocl qpe3
Korrro Srnrapr4Te ce cbxpaHflBar Karo

-roBCKrr. Kor,.a-rfl HCKn. KpevrHKoBcKI4

HapoA

LI

HeroBr4flT yqeHHK r\roHax Hrrxrr$op.

vl

.rp. B rpa-fa pa5orqr nor Hnrcora, aBTopbr Ha >KVTr4ero Ha cB. feoprn Hoeu
CoSnficKH, rror flefio, Marefi fpanrarHK,
rcofiro HarrncBa )r(r4Tnero Ha cB. Hnrotai,t
CoSnficKr4, n -fxon KpafircoB, orneqara-rr

npe3

XVI e. BbB Beneuvrfl

HflKoJrKo

ubpKoBHH KHr,rrr4. KunxoBeH rreHTbp

craBa v pyAapcKoro ceJr?rue Kparono,

KbAero rBopflT ArK fwNII4Tbp, rIoII

H rror l1oa:n. llpe: XVII B. Ba)r(Ho

Ilasap

KHH)KOBHO OfHr,rUIe CTaBa

erpO[OnCKVflT
Vzlufar ce

MaHacTHp,,BapoBr4Terl".

KyrcneHcKHflT MaHacr?rp, KbAero rBopu

rpaMarnrc Kpbcrbo,, MaHacrvpvrre npkr

TpecKaBsu, llpr4nercKo,,,CB. I,{eatr
[AMACK]4Hl4TE

flpes XVI-XVIll Bek uupoko pa3npocmpaHeHue

no 6rnaapckume 3eMu HaMupam gaMackuHume
c6opHutlu, HapeqeHU Ha uMemo Ha coAyHckun

unognkoH llarvrackuH Cmygum, aBmop Ha

qtpkoBHun cbopHuk,,CrkpoBurue". ilup8ume
My npe8ogu npes XVI Bek ce npugbp>kam kunn. j
opueuHana, Ho npe3 XVll u XVlll B. c6opHutlume Be,{eiz

crgup>kam ocBeH cnoBa om llarvrackuH Cmygum

u Hau-pasHoobpa3Hu mBop6u om gpy?u aprqku:

aBmopu u om no-cmapu 6tnaapcku c6opHurlu,
Bknro,{umenHo u anokpu$u. B Hnkou gaMackuHu
ce cpeqa no8ecmma 3a nagaHemo Ha Uapuapag
npe3 1453 2., konmo nokas8a kakBu vy8cmBa
usnum8am 6rnaapume krvr BunoBHuqume sa moBa
cu6umue- mypqume- u nogxpaHBa Hage>kgume

uM 3a us6aBneHue om po6cmBomo. HanucaHu

Ha HapogeH e3uk, gaMackuHume u3Au3am om
mecHume qupkoBHu pavrku u gonpuHacnm MHoeo
kakmo 3a peAUeu03Hama, maka u 3a o6tr1ama

npocBema Ha 6rnaapume. Hau-usBecmHuFm

gaMackuHap e MoHaxbm-makcuguom om Punckun
MaHacmup Tlocu$ Spagamu. Tou ocmaBn noBe.{e
om 15 c6opHuka, B koumo egHu om Hail-Ba>kHume
meMu ca me3u sa po6cm8omo, koemo cnopeg Heeo
e 6o>kue HakasaHue, 3a onasBaHemo Ha Bnpama u
3a npocBemama.

r,{

ycroflBar na po6crBoro.

e eduuct??qeHunm rtoHtr-tteHme-leH na-rremHuK

rtct

llbpKoBHolllo c'nlpounteT cnt60 ont enoxotll Q, 3ana3eH

do Haruu dutt. IIpu za(tpauamq 3cr tlbpKorHo
c'tnpoume.7cnl6o xpa)t (' maKunq pa3.vepu ue 6u
.voc'b-l da 6tde nocmpoeH 6 ocmaHaTama qacnt
HCI CtllpctHcil',nq, HO CnetlUA-lHOt||O t?O_TOilCeHlle HA

EaqrcoecKun -rtaHacmup Kamo cnla6ponu?ua-7eH

(noduuueH HCt Qapuzpadc'rcanta nompuapuuut - 6. a. )
o(tncunea 3aup ca ugdeilcmnoHu pa3peunilneTHume
OC

tltpoflgcr H etno

_r

^',.

31

B rcunuitlnl,zrte WV l,arqa BCeKH JrqeHHK

ce o6y.raBan [oorAen Ho, Karo rro-

AapoB r4Tr4Te Aeqa ycrurBalu no-6bp3o

Aa 3arbpruar o6pasoBar raero cH. Vlzyrya-

Bat\yr ce r{eTeHe2 tIHCaHe' cMtITa_I{e' IIbpKOBHO |IeeHe 14 qbpKOBHHTe KHH|H -

qacocnoB, |Ica1\THp, aflocTon, cBeTr{e

vr rpe6nr4K, t{ereHero He 3anoqBalo
cbc 3B\.KoBere, d c 65rxenre, KoHTo ce
H3toBapfl/'r4 fIO ABa HaqHHa - Vr1^r4 c
nbnHoro HM HaHMeHoBaHHe - az,6yt*t,
BeAr4... vrxn c npu6aBsHe Ha fnacHa
6yxea KbM cbfnacHnTe - a, 6e, B,
fe , Ae... O6axHoBeHo JrqeH:,z'r\la.Te 3anoqBa^vr Aa ce yqaT Ha [HCaHe eABa
cneA HaH3ycTgBaHeTo Ha r{acoc^oBa,
HapeqeH orue HaycTHVr\a, vr _3aToBa

rrpHK^ror{r4nHTe paHo cBoeTo ooJrqeHHe

MOrnH Aa qeTaT, HO He 14 Aa nHtUaT.
Bcerua, xofito fo HaJA{a-BaA Hau3ycr,6utt
cMrrTaH :a o6pasoBaH r{oBeK. A ycnelaTe

cneA r{acocnoBa Aa Hayr{aT HaH3ycT

14 ncaATHP?, Ce ilpr4l{vcn-'rBa^H KbM
4o6pe o6pasoBaHnTe. Hara3ycrsBaHero
H Ha anOCTOna Ce YAasarro Ha MaAIIHHa.
Ceer.rero ce H3JrqaBaAo caMo or oHe3H

Aeqa, KoHTo ce fIpHfoTBsA}I 3a cBeqeHHqH. Iirpr<oBHnsr peA ce yqen ro

Tpe6awwa, a rto rleeHe yr{eHHqHTe

ce y|rpa)KF{s,Barl'Il B CaMHTe r{epKBH.
PoAzrenHTe 6vtttu vrcrkrHcKvr fopAz,
KOTaTO nO BpeMe

BaqKoecKufltn MaHacrrtup c ?onnmoma cadopHs

,(bpKss rrCB. Bozopod uqa", npeuJweHynsHs npes
XWI 6. Hs ,rCB. Tpoil4a".
Xpa-rn m e nocmpoeH npn 1604 ?. Ha )fficnlotno
Hct cntapama Earct'punHona tlbpKsa ont XI e. Toir

3Ct tl

rEErlATA nPOTPAMA B
KPITIVII/IIilLITE]^IHAHIIIA

HM

Ha

CAJDKOVTTe

AeqaTa

r{erella [caATHpa v anoc'Tona. Cvr-s-

TaHero ce cBe)KAaAo Ao cr6apaHe

H3Ba>KAaHe, HO rrO-BetlII,JTe )rqHTeAH

npenoAaRa^r4 I{ JaMHo>KeHHe H AeAeHHe.
B yvznzrqara rcbM MerocaTe H qepKBHTe

y.{eHHrIHTe H3BSprUBal,-Vr V HS.KOI.I

q:spKoB:e'l'z' pa6ora - 6ner*t Klertaloro,
IIaAeAH KaHAHAaTa, fIOMafa/\H rlpkr
H3BbpruBaHe Ha 6orocny>xeHaero. B
rro-BHCLUHTe MaHaCTHpCKH l''I{I.''l^I..{tlIa

Beposr:no 6utlt H3JAJaB aHH H rpaM arnKa, peropt4Ka, AkraAeKTHKa, Sznoco$na

m AP.HaJTKH.

32

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rrp era3

Bar

Bb cTaH

pr

rvrpflT crraceHne B uyx6una.

PI/C KO.TI/P

CK

ITTE BOIZH VI T4

EbTIAPI,ITE
Cnea no6 ex,ara BbB

BflPATA B,,Afl,AO HBAH"

H PYCI(ATA NONHTHI(A

AO KPA-fl HA XVIII B.

VIpang^ llI tt VIeart

IV lpo3Ha ce pa3Hecna cpe,q 6rnrapr4Te,
Te BCe froBeqe cBbp3Ba v HaAe)KAwTe
cvr 3a ocBo6o>rAeHne c Pycnn, Ko-sro
HapeKAH ,AsAo VIBaH". Ho Ao 1667 r.

Cnel Karo cnaBara Ha

Hefrrrnre qape

Br4>r<Aa 14 B

cynraHa

cbro3HprK nporHB flonura.3aroea

B Haqaloro Ha XVII B. oxpHACKr4flT

rarpnapx Arauacwit H T'bpHoBCKH.aT

HT AuoHH cvtit Pattu He

rron5 rl4rrn or MocI(Ba HCI(aHara rloMour.

MHTporIon

Ho AnapycoBcKnnr MHp or 1667 r.

cAo>KHA

rpafr Ha rroncKoro HaAMouIHe

u o6rpHan r(ypca
cpeil-U/

Ha pycKara rrorvrrvrKa
TypuHa. Cxopo rpaBocnaBHnTe

;4rxoBH;ar\v 3anoqHaJvr Aa Monsr lycna

or HMero Ha BCHr{KH rropo6er*t HapoAH
Aa 3axIHTH rrpaBocnaBHeTo He caMo

oT TyprIHTe, HO V OT AOMOTBaHHfl.Ta
Ha Karonzr{ecKa Aecrpvfl.. Pycxrare

qape rpeBbpHa^H Ta3H 3auIHTa

u4eitlr^a ocHoBa Ha cBosTa rronIaTlaKa

KaKTo cpeq/ Typuraa, TaKa n cpers/
Aecrpv-fl., a [o-KbcHo 3a,q, He.fl npvrKpvrBa/\r4 Vr HaMepeHHsTa cr4 3a oBAaA.g-

BaHe Ha IIponaBHTe. CneA Kro'ryxwairHapA)Kuircxvrs. MHp or L7 7 4 r.

ExarepvrHa II Bennxa cv rtocraBvrla

3a qen Aa no6ne Kpbcra B6pxy cra-

para r.IbpKBa ,,CB. Co$:z^flJ, AA Bb3craHoBH BrzsaHruitct<ara vrul;.epvs,

vr

Aa HarpaBH BHyKa cvr KoncraHTHH

HeHH HMrreparop. 3a Aa ynecHsr
HacrtrrneHnero cr4 KbM I-laparpa1,
pycKHTe BAaAerenH rpe3 XVIII B. orKpkrtvr 3a crp6are yr{HAHUre B KapAoBarI v [er{arHaqn BbB BeHerJl,z'fl
vr BHeHa,

a B ro)KHHTe pycl(H cre[H

vKara

3acenunu MHofo aBcTpHitcxu crp6u.

aKrl4Bn3vrpa
NOJIVTVKATA CV 3A I43TA3 HA TOIINI{TE
Mopera v 3aKpHna Ha rIpaBocJIaBHVTe
HapoAu. llpes eofiHura or 1735-1739 r.
eAHH Or pycKr4re xycapcKH IIoJIKoBe

fp,sK, a ErarepnHa II ce o6rpaavrta c

rpbqKr4 MnaAe>r<vr v cb3Aa^a rpbrIKH

ceBepHa sofiHa

llerlp I

B en

rroA KoMaHABaHero Ha TIOJIKOBHIIK

CroqFros e cbcraBeH r43qtno or 6rnrapr4, rbprrn v cbp 6n, a B 6oesere
3a KperocTra O.{aKoB 6rtrapcKl4tr
KoMaH pr4p rroKa3Ba

flo
17

qyAeca or xpa6pocr.

BpeMe Ha sofiHara rrpe3

17

68-

4 r. 6rnrap vr:nllT, rroAnonKoBHr4K

Hasap Kapas vH, ocbulecrBqBa HflKoJrKo

pvcKoBaHH raftlnvt l.r'r4ckrv B Tvrra Ha
rypcKrra apuvrfl. Crel roBa yqacrBa B
MHoro 6oeee Haqero Ha orpf,A or 1000
AlLtu, B cbcraBa ua xofiTo HMa r,r MHoro

6urapcKn 4o6poBonrlu. Koraro rpe3

1773 r. pycKr4re soficxz rrpeMr4HaBar
AVHaBa, oule rroBeqe 6rnfapv ce
cTr4qaT B PeluqHTe rrM vr AocTaBflT
npoloBoncrB ve. A BbB BulrrHcKo
MHoro6pofinura Apylrfl4Ha Ha Arasac kr

Typcrca cs6n onr

XVIII

B. CpefiapHsma it

dpatcxa, KsKmo u KoHuflms il co dozamo

uHKpycntupsHu. Tat<uea cs6u cs u3noJtsnoHa u

om fuunzspcKume xsfidym u.

flarpzapx Haxon

Ka3Barr, He e

ro Bspa

Kopnyc. 3a 6tnrapvrre He
craBa o H AyMa. Koraro ErcarepvHa

KaAercK:,z-

U cxpovrta c aBcTpvtitcxv-s, r4urreparop

Zose$ II raeH rAaH 3a no4s.t6a Ha
Typuaa, H& Btnrapu:^ 6utto orpeAeHo

M.rrcro Karo Ha r{acr or fprqxara

BHsaHT vtitct<a HMrlepvs.. Ho pycKHTe
no6e;;:vr BBB eofinana or 7787-1792 r.

H3Kap a1'Vr HasBe Te3H nn aHoBe H

npeBbpHanz Zsro.{Hvrs, Bbrlpoc

o6rqoeeponefi cKvr.

CrosH Enrrun rpraBnvqa cpeuy ce6e cn

qACT OT OCMAHCKHTE CVNV.

Ha20 roHH 1774 r. reHepan Cynopon

HaHacr Te)KKo rropa)KeHHe Ha TypIII4Te
rrpr4 c. KosnyAxa (a". Cynopono), Koero

rH rpr4Hy)KAaBa ra cKrroqar Krouyrcrcafi;aaplxuitcKrrn MI{p. llpes sofi Hara

or 1787-1792 r. roBeqe or 2000 6rnrapcKr,r Ao6poBonrrn c e 6usl rIoA
3HaMeHara Ha Cynopon rpu Vzrvaut,
O.raKoB, p. Puuuzr r,r Ap. Ho ErcarepkrHa
BerHra, KaKTo vr Ancrpvfl, rroAKpeilfl
6yHroBHr4Te Hacrpo eHlar, sa 6rr'rapnTe

ApyrHTe 6anraHcKn xpl4crr4flHr He

ra rv ocso6 orr4, a 3a ra orcra6n
rypcKura Morrl.
3a

HA EbJIIAPI4TE OT
Kb PAXAIILTICKI4 T E HAIIME HVIfl

36 CAMO3AIUI4TA

B rcpan Ha XVIII n. OcuaHcnara nMrreprrfl e odxnanara or aHapxur. OrporvrHu6aln1u KlpAlrcairrrtrvAaailvu

(ropcxra par6oftnuqu) rcprcrocnar burapcmrrre 3eMrr u ceqr cMbpr rr orycrorrreHrre. Cyrranrr e 6ercnneH
Aa ce cflpaBn c rqx u 6urapure B3I.IMar 3aurlrrara cLI B cBorITe prqe.

o EoAAr

H HTE PA3M VIPVTIII4

[a[rH-[bnHoMoulHr4rJvr, Ho e oe3cHnHa

KbPAlr(ArvnZcrnoro
IA Ce C[paBr4 C KbpA)r(arvrvrTe, Kor4To
Ao cpeAara Ha XVIII B. Brlacrra npor43J[,r3ar or MecTHoro HaceJreHne
r4

14

Ha aflH:aTe (vrecrHr{ rIbpBeHIrH- 6.

a.) B OcuascKara nMrepvfl HapacrBa
Her4MoBepHo 3a cMerKa Ha orcra6saHero

Ha rreHTpair Hara Bnacr. OcMaHcKara

HMrepvfl vr3trara B aHapxr4fl. OruerBar
ce aflHnre Ha [lrcolpa,, Aerunpxr4cap
kt MenHr4K, B Pa:rpaAcKo,, Ao6pyAxa
14 Ap. lloxoll4re, rpeAnpl4eru rporl4B
oTue[Hr4ur4Te, 3aBbptuBar c Heyc[ex.
VcnopeAHo c re3n cr6urws lrlgroqHa

TpaKr4r, CeBepot43ToqHa Elnrapkrn vr Io6pyaxa ca 3aApbcreHn or

pa3 6ofiH

14

u14

-KbpA)K

arnv. Krpe)Ka-

rro3HaBar Bb3Mo)KHocrr,{Te sa o16paHa.

Buecro Aa ce cpa)KaBar cpeuy pa:6ofiHVTUp{T9, flpecneABarur,rre fv eHnqapvr

r{ecro Ae3eprr4par rpr{ rflx. CreA

1783 r. BbB Bnluu ce oruerrBa cnHbr Ha

Kapa Konro OvrapvaivrflTa. VItryz<e e

polen oKono 1755 r. B Cnrces, a poAIOro
rvry HMe e CtogH. fltpeoHar{alr{o craBa
Kbp4lKarlraitct*t rnaBarap H BeposrHo
TOraBa noAJ raBa [ptr<opa cr4, o3Har{aBalrl
Ha rypcKz ,,rerlr;K". Ilo-rcrcrro cKGcBa
c KtppKanuficreoro H ce rpeBptrua B
AercHAapeH HapoAeH 3aKpI4 HHK. Korurana

AplDrcil{a r1pmcrocBa
flHHHa. H

r\,ry

Ere

H BcrrBa lDKac

Typufle. llpes 1806 f. rocrbrrB?B

r43rpareH H Aa rroryuaBar 6e:pe4 vrrvr e.,

3aror{Bar Aa 6egqHHcrBar HaBpel. Cnel
MHO|O yCI/.nrIf Vr pa3nIdLrHI,4 TaKTHKH

BnacTTa ce ctlpaBfl c rroJro)KeHrreTo

eABa KbM 1812-18 13 r., Ao roJrnMa

crerreH 6taroAapeHne Ha ornopzl,

rcofiro 6urapcKoro HaceneHne oKa3Ba
Ha KbpA)Kanvfrcr<r4Te, vrHcKvrre v
[arrroBcKnTe opAu.

HaMOMOBCKT4Te KFrrr3e, KbAeTO

cAMO3ATTInTATA
HA EbII]API{TE

r0 HapI,{qaT

CrogH BoAeHTHp H KanprraH VIttpz<e.

flpes 182 1 r. no BpeMe Ha BbcraHzero
Ha ftrHaecKzTe KHsx(ecrBa 3arnBa

repoficrcr e 6kr-fi<ac rypufie Ha peKa llpyr.

Heroezsr 6anrpamap Kapa Konro e poAeH
B c. OrurapveBo, HoeosarcpcKo, vr oure
ceAeMHaAecerroAl4rxeH craB a xafiryw*t.
flrpeoHar{anHo caM BoWr Ap)Dlctra, cAeA
Koero ce rrpzcbe4vrrfflBa KGM Btn'ranr

eofuoAa. flpnr e4{a pa3rpa noMe>KA/ HM

Ihpa Konro erea G crlaclBa or rgpIrrywfle

na eofuo4,ana, rrponzrrrcarhcr ce roAbHoro

na lan6ol pel, vr orulr;a rrpH l4srore e

C.u meH cr*rs. 6anxas. Apavrata ce crbp3Bar

Hepa3pHBHo vr B rcl';ppxat*frcrBoro, H B
\ar"r;r-TcTBoro. Or crpax 3a x<HBora cH
srartrr rl\r craBaAH AopH 6oraurre r]pr-u4.
I lnp*.ie rr Kapa Konro, 3aeAHo c Xpncno
BOr lBOJ,a Bb3CTaHOB.rrBaT yCTpeMCr<Us.

r.:a-Hacrrrp ..Ce. Tpoaqa" B Ctpal42xa

::',^aHrlHa r1 rl3fpalKAaT noA qBpr<BaTa
ci;lr =a-u arle . F{o Har"t-ngralhroro HM IWICTo
a-:?-Sa ,t.';13Kara J,o \raHacTrrpa freqepa.

or

3Ha'rvreJrHr4 or6paHHTeJrHH e1vrHvrrlv,

TO 3aTBapfl BCI4LIKH TIOACTbTTV KbM He-

Ha MexMeA CuHan v Aeprlrv Mexnre4,

Appr(r4Hnre Ha KoHTo ca cbcraBeHH or
rroMoxaMeAaHqeHl4 6urapv. OrpovrHn
6a;r1u BoArr Tptcre H n KJI H o rJIy Vcrvavtt
ara v Kapa <Defizu. fnaBope3nre ce

apMr4srra

Taxa rpaAoBere ce rpeBpbular B ro-

Aa fO CnOMr4 AOpl{ C I43tlpareHara

3a uenra 80 000-Ha apM vn. llpe:

1793 r. B Polotlnre 3arloqBa 6ynrrr

Crpaspra, Caxap

HoBHfl

floprara He

craBa roJrKoBa Mofbul, eo

lvtitcrBoro ao6 vrBa 3aBbprIeH Blan,

Koraro rpe3 1785 r. roJI flMa rlafrrca
or xacKoBcKHTe cexa BcfBa y)Kac xBbpnqr B rofonoBHH fpa6exn vr
qaK Ao CoSvn. floprara opraHr43vpa calxcrnrrHH r{3Te3a HVf Ha qop 6axnuvt.
MHOfOXIt{nntrHVT IIOXOAH, Ha3HaqaBa VztpaBeHH cpeuy roxoAnre Ha
floprara, Te ce o6elnHflBar 14 craBar
HHA)KE BOfiBOAA H r(APA KOAbO
oue [o-cr4JrHvr. Harcpar caMHTe rra[rv,
flpes pa3l/tr{pHan:a,KbppKa Ir4cKa enoxa c
nuroro6poinl".ne cH norer43v ce rrpocnaBff
VIsm<e eofteo4a H HeroBvr:rr 6afipar<rap

cpeuy A6lu ratua v

rrpereHAeHT 3a afl,HVH. 3a Aa cJroMr4

cbrrpoTnBaTa vM, rla[raTa r43cTpeJrBa
cpeuy rflx roBeqe or 200 cHapr Aa.

oKono Kor4To ce n3fpa)KAar AbpBeHr4

yKpern eHVfl - mapaMrroJrrr. CnnBeH
e cnaceH or pa3opeHHe, cJreA Karo e
o6rpaAeH or rpnMerpoBa creHa, Kofl-

MecrHVfl aflHran OcMaH flaseaHTorJry

MO)Ke

orqaflHo

OcraeeHn Ha rrpora3BoJra Ha cbA6ara

ueHTpaJrH ara BJracr, 6rnrapnTe

caM:a opraH v3r4par or6paH ara cv.
CynraHbr ocb3HaBa, He B 6vtrrcara

npoTr{B KbpA)r{arvrr4Te

v oTuerHHrIHTe

tpx6sa Aa ce o6rerHe Ha MecrHoro

rrpor{3BoAHTeJIHO HaceneHr4e, H rIpeMaXBa
BeKoBH arasa6paH a 3aHoceHe Ha opb)Kne

xpr{ crvflHn. Ho 6snrapnTe He qaKar

Bnacrra Ia r?I cHa6ln c opb)I(ve kr Azllteq
rro-paHo 3a[orrB T Aa cv ro na6ansr v

or

Aa ce 6opnr c pas6ofiHnqure. Ha 25
oKroMBpH 1785 n 6urapcKoro HaceJreHne
Ha Crapo3aropcKo, BoAeHo or cBoHTe
rrbpBeHun, paz6vBa rporryra 6anna or
xacKoBcKr4 KbpA)K arrvrr4. CerqHHTe ce
cTHqaT B fpaAoBeTe, KbAeTo MofaT Aa ce

or6paHnBar ro-ycrerxHo. llpes 1795 r. e

fone.{ ce cr6vpur )Kr4TenHTe oT uflnara
oKoJrHocl apecryBar aflH:aHa v ce 6nst

fo

oTKbM paBHnr{ara, a [poxo[r4Te v

rrbrr4ulara cilvBeHrIH 3aBapABar cbc
crpax(n.Xurennre Ha Koren cbluo ycrtBaT na or6vst KbpE>l(atuitcKlaTe HarlaAeHri.fl, KarO ?I3fpa)K AaT yKpe[VTeIrHa
V
KapdltcsJtun,
B'bopb)rceH c nrypcKs ti

ca6n, nJ)anKs

00uJtufl ,t cu,rynx c
uutpnte nut4oru.

@
OPbXt4E OT BPEMETO HA OCMAHCKOTO

g nyuka c kpennrqHo-ygapeH

POECTBO

5a pymHuk om Boncku poa.

O l-lyuka-uruuaHe c Hape3Ha ueB om kpan Ha
XVlll- Haqa^0mo Ha XIX B.6ankaHcku mun, c
neHmaeoHaneH npuknag.
O l-lyuka-uruuaHe c Hape3Ha qeB om XVlll B.
6ankaHcku mun, c neHmaeoHaneH npuknag.

@ tUoMno^.

rrx-

MourHH Bparn. floa

pbKoBoAcrBoTo Ha rpocJr aBeHlafl Eoxnn

uop6aAlKr4 Aeficrsar rocroqHHn crpa)Kr4
r4 cbrJreABaqr4,, KaTo [pr4 Hy)KAa uflnoTo
HaceJreHne rpa6na opb)r(ero. llpe3 1798 r
r{era Haqeno c uop6 aA)KV feHxo ycrr'^Ba
la or6JrbcHe KbpA)K atwi,tcKo Har atreHne

*-q

MexaHu3bM

Haqa^omo Ha XIX B.

ocMobebnHa qeB.
@ flmaeaH c Ho>kHuqa - XVlll-XlX
A MegHa na^acka sa kypruyMu.

B.

@ flucmo^em c $peHcku mun kperurqHoygapeH MexaHu3bM, HapuqaH,,6amepufl" Haqanomo Ha XIX

cl{creMa. Orcono rpaAa BAr4rar l.r'acvBeH

KaMeHeH rxapaMfroJr, v3 TecHvrHr4Te
Ha peKara - Apyf 14 yKpern eHr4fl,, a

Me)KAy

om kpan Ha XVlll

B.

npuknag c u3nqHu uHkpycmaquu

Ha

nyuka-6oinun om XVlll

B.

@ EankaHcku mun nucmonem c kpeuuvHoygapeH MexaHu3bM - XVlll B.

O nanacka om no3nameHo cpe6p0 c u3flLuHu
u Hkpyc ma Llu u om XIX B.

Har Tprnua v Aa fl cnacr4 or norpoM.

Cnel Karo rpaAbr vM 6usa pa3rpa6en

ca pa3ovrrvr or Kbptr>Kaxvr4Te.

rrpe3 1800 r? )KnreJrr{re ua EneHa B1r4rar

Ha eIr4H cbceAeH xbJIM ,,KaJIe", B Koero
ce yKpvBar rpr4 HarraAeHr4e. LUapanarorr4
nocrpoflBaT 14 MHoro cena. Ho He Bcr4r{KH
cexl{ura ycrrflBar Aa ce cracflT. Borarura
XepanHa e oro)KapeHa BbrpeKr4 AbpBeHWfl
cv utapaMrron. Xnrenr4Te u ce cbro3qBar
c re3r4 na Hefixoso, fpaleu H Korer' Ho

Ta3v caMoor6pan a ca noern or 6rnrapcKr4Te o6unHr4., Karo uqroro HaceJIeHHe

Ha cervu-].ara yqacrBa B l43fpaxAaHero
Ha yKperJreHvInTa v B h3xpaHBaHeTo Ha
crpa)Krare. C 6rarx vre cpeuy pa:6ofrHr4qecKr4re opAr,r 6rnrapl4re HarpyrBar

Opran h3arrr4rra

6oen

14

vr31pbxKara

H opraHr43aur4oHeH onr,IT, a

Ha

MHororo

no6ellr rloBtrHfar caMoLIyBcrBI,Iero

14

M.

38

EbIIAPI,ITE B CPbECKOTO BbCTAHIIE

I4 PYCKO-TI/PCKATA BOMHA OT 1806-1812
B ropara ua XIX n. Enpo[a e pa3TbpceHa or Ha[oJreoHoBl{re nofiHn. BeJrHKr{Te cnJrr{ BJru3ar B ocrpr{ trporr{Bopeqnr
3a KoHTpoJra Ha4 llpo;rr{Br{Te, a n Typuun BJracrBa aHapxr.rflTa. Ilopo6eHr.rre xp}rcrr{rHn ce cr6yxAar sa cno6oAeH

xrrBor rr craBar Qaxrop n llgroqHr.rq Bbflpoc, rcofiro

YqACTI{E HA EbIIAPI4TE

CPbECKOTO BbCTAHVTE
flrpnra or rypcKara aHapxr4r rr cbrepHHqecrBaTa Ha foJreMHTe Abp)KaBH 3a
TypcKoTo HacJreAcTBo ce Bb3rroJr3BaT
crp6nre. llpe: arrpnn 1804 r re BAHrar

HaBJrrr3a n

6raronpnflTHa 3a rnx Qara.

ycrerrHr.r rperoBopn c floprara v ce

rpeBpbula B eAHH or rrbpBr,rre cpt6crcn
AHrnoMarH. EurapnTe or BvtrwucKo,
EenorpalrrvnrrKo, flnpoTcKo 14 Hnrurco
cbulo ce BAHrar Ha 6op6a. fIa3BaHrorny

BbcraHue Haqero c Kapa feoprn flerpoBurr. BurapnTe ca B Hefo or caMoro My

Haqaro. Bparrra flemp H KFMaH IrI.IrcoeH
or c. KatpaHnua (MaxenoHnr), XafiAyr

ce orrHTBa Aa rroryrrn 6ynra c KJraH eTa,

Ho nperbprrflBa Heycrex. Xafigyrzre B
C oSnfi cKo, KrccreHAnncxo, CaMoKoBc Ko,
IynruwrrrKo vr B l[o4yHaBr,rero HarraAar
o6osu, cruraAoBe 3a xpaHn H pa3pymaBar

Berrco flerpoB, AparaH flana3orny,

MOCTOBe.

Mnna Bus6ailtvflTa. KHpo Eexrpcrut BnsSautwra, KoHAo Bnn6arrvflTa v Y:yn

Mnprco AnocronoBntl craBar flpotlyrn

Pycro-rypcKara eofiFla or I 806-

I8l2

AaBa HoB TJracbK Ha ocBo6oAHTeJIHHTe

rua 6rtrapnre. fen . VcaeB orJla-

6op6u

llp, rpeB3eMaHero Ha Eenrpa4 BnBa c6opeH orpflA or pycvr, cspSu

6rlrapnre Ha KoHAo EnH 6atstr4rra 6rnrapv kr Aeficrsa BbB BurwHcKHt

BoAar{H.

14

npoHHKBar 3aA KperocTHI4Te CTeHn,

vz6wsar qacr or oxpaHura ra o6leKqaBar

o6uuq ulypM. llerbp V,rKoB

BoAH

rra[raJrbK. MHoro6po i,tuvt rIoA Br43kr

r{3BbprrrBa 14 JIereHAapHvrrr Xafiayr
Belxo. CenqHHTe Mex(Ay Eenorp ap.rvK vr

]43EYXBAHETO HA CPbECKOTO BbCTAHI4E

Cneg CBuuoBckun Mup om 1791 z. flopmama

peuaBa ga yMupomBopu Eenapagckun nauantk u
BtscmaHoBnBa cnaxuuckama cucmevra B yqbp6
Ha eHuqapume. YcnopegH0 c moBa pa3perua8a Ha
cup6ume ga us6upam cBou kHesoBe (knnemo8e)
u cBo6ogHo ga u3noBng8am Bnpama cu. Cpeqy
me3u npa8a me mpn6Ba ga c$opMupam 15 000eH 0mpng, koUmo ga gericm8a cpeluy 0cnnaH
flag8aumoeny, u moBa mflxHo sagun>keHue
cmaBa Hail-aonnMama uM npuBuneaun. flopmama
pegnaea,,Be,{Ho" n pufl menc m8o Ha I asBa Hmo?Ay
u pa3petuaBa Ha eHuqapume ga noeMam qacm om
n

ynpaBneHuemo Ha Senapagckun nauantk. Ho

qemupuMama uM ?AaBamapu - gaxuu, BguMam
Bnacmma u y6uBam HaqanHuka Ha cpu6ckun
ompng CmaHko Xapann6auuq u olue 17 ntp8eHqu,
a B Haqa^omo Ha 1804 ?.- gpyeu 70 kHesoBe.
Crp6ume ce Bgueam Ha 6op6a Haqeno c 6oaamurl

mrpaoBeq Kapa leopau flempoBuq, 3a8seMam

MHo?o ce^uqa u Ha 6 aBaycm 1805 ?. pasbu8am
cunume Ha Huukufl narua npu l4BaHo8au, a B kpan
Ha 1806 oBnagnBam Senapag.

Y
IpyltcuHanrs ua Xsil-

dym Benr<o 6 6oil

tnJlpr,1ume.

\-

NPATEHI{TIECTBOTO B NETEPE]TPT

flpes 180 4 r. ro vrlr.rr\vrarr4Ba Ha

ceAMHHa 3HarHH Bpat{aHH 14 c 6tarocnoBr4s,Ta Ha Co$po:n;u,::7. Bpa-

3a flerep6ypr 3aMHHaBar
TbpfoBrIHTe I4sau 3avr6prH or Bpaqa
vr Arasac Hnxonoe (HeKoBH.{) or
Teteee n. AunnoMarHr{ecKara o6ctaHoBKa Halafa Ha AnexcaHAbp I la
6l'.4ae rbBKaB crpsMo Typqna H Ha
[paTeHHqHTe e ooscHeHo, rf e llle
r{aH cK:z-

6t.nat H3cnytu aHvr, Kofaro ce c1o6vtsr

c Heo6xoAHMATe rbnHoMoulI,rs. Ho
rpe3 1806 r. Pycvra o6s.r.s.sa eofiHa
ua Typr\krn H c;eryaqnflTa ce o6puqa
B |ron 3a Ha Obn rapcKaTa Mr4cvs..
flpes s:eryapw 1808 r. Co$pouufi noA-

nHCBa rrbnHoMorqHo Ha 3avr6zH Aa

cborer{ecrBeH HrM" u r.oit fo npeAcraBg

e-flerep6ypr 3aeAHo c AHqHoro cvr

oop,bxleHHe vr c KpaTKa 3arwcKa.
flo-KbcHo CoSp olnuir H3rrparqa vr
AHqHO |IHCMO AO BbHrJJHVrs. MHHHCTSp
FlrrursHlleB, B Koero H3nafa HaAe>KAHTe

Ha 6rnrapvrre 3a ocBoSo>xleHHe or

Pycvfl..3a Aa nplrrarar 3aKoHeH

xapaKTep Ha rICKaHrrflTa crl. 3arvt6um H Hltxo^roe nposBsBar LI A:'l^r-.\O\IATIIqECKA ^\OBKOCT _ H3TbKBAT
p)-cKrrTe aHfa>KrrMeHTH 3a 3auIHTa
Ha npaBoCr\&BHHTe HapoAH CnopeA
rofoBopa or Kro.ryx KahHapA>Ka.
CneA ToBa 3avr6aH ce orrHTBa Aa c[naLrJvr Pycua c6c cbilepHzr{ecrBoro Ha
Apyra A:rpx(aBa B 6op6ara 3a BzlvrflH:,z.e
l:aT.6urapnTe H HaMeKBa 3a ,,[peAAO)KeHHeTO Ha CTpaHHqeH H fIpOCBeTeH

Hapo4,",

xofiro vrcKa ,,Aa ce orpaAH

xpa6rp v

c
cHAeH Hapo4,". Ho nrpB:,z^flT

39

xA]4[yT BEAK0
Koaamo c6opHunm ompng Ha ?eH. l/caeB
HaBnusa BuB BuguHcko, H0 3anag 0m epaga
Xailgym Benko,3aegHo c gpyeu BucmaHuqecku
Bogaqu, ce aomBu 3a peLUumenHo

Ha

cmbnneHue.

3a ga ycMupu byHmo8Hama BuguHcka o6nacm,

Monna Tlgpuc naura nno6unu3upa 5000 6rnaapu,3a ga konanm okonu, Ho me 6naam npu
Xaugym Benko. C maka yaoneMeHun cu ompng
moil npoqucmBa gonuHama Ha tlepHa peka om
uraukume Ha nauama. Peua8aqa e ponnma Ha
He?o8ume ompflgu u B 6oe8eme 3a pa3epoMa

Ha l/crvrau^ 6e[ npu Cnobosun npe3 181 1 a.

IeH. BopoHqoB kasBa, qe Xaugym Benko
,,npb8 ce x8tpnun B Hau-onacHume Mecma u
nopasnBan Henpuflmenn, 6un gocmoeH npuMep

3a ocmaHanume cbc cBoRma xpa6pocm

ycbpgue". 3a me3u nog8u3u HapogHUFm Bogav

e HaepageH c Bucoku pycku omnuqufl.
u

op6a tr>Knfl furvrutrpaKn

Xalxr4rorr

eB,

ra6poncKr{flr rbproBeq Bacul AuApeeB,

Hnxonafi MycraKoB 14 Ap. 6yanw

6rr rapv opr aHr3vpar 3HaqureJrHa
locraBflr Ha
pycKoro Kor\raHABaHe ueHHa BoeHHa
pa3y3HaBareJrHa Mpex(a H
ruHcpopNrauHfl.

CoQpounir BpauaHcKr4 cburo roMafa Ha pa3y3HaBaHero vr 3aeAHo c

A
Xu ild1'm Be.t xo If entpoe

cPelcrBa e cb3AaAeHa v,,M0crHa

rpe3 Ayn aBa. 3eMCKa sOfiCKa". flOA KOMaHABaHeTO
llpnsHar 3a HapoAeH BoAaq or pycKr4re Ha reH. TypuaHVHoB., c rroMoulHkrrlvr
rrbJrKoBoArrn, rofi orroBapfl Ha reH. A. BarnKr,rorr4c, Xp. KecflKorJIy, xaBarparnoH, qe npn eAHo BbcraHne caMo Ax(z flesqo Xalxr4KyJIeB w feoprn
n TlpHoBcKo Morar Ia ce BAHrHar 10- Mal,rapqeB, Ta3v eoilcKa y.racrBa B
15 000 Bbopb)KeHr,r Mb)Ke. OrneqarBa 6zrxnre rpr4 TyrpaKaH' C vrvcrpa v
BLIAHH CBHUIOBCKT{ TbpfOBrIH Cb3AaBa

KoHcrrnpaTHBeH KaHaJr

,{Be rrJraMeHHn Bb3BaH vfl tro 6rnrap cKvrfl

HapoA, B KOr,rTO fO rrpH3OBaBa Aa OKaXe
rroAKpera Ha pycKr4re eofrcKn.

Pyce.

pa3fpa6ear xpaHHTenHHTe cKnaAoBe' H

ce yKper fBar B r<paficencKHre 6ofisu

IIOIVTTI4TIECKH flT KPbI- B

Koraro re rpeMHH aBar AVHaBa
EyK)/PEITI
14 Aocrr,{rar Ao TrpHoBo, faSpoBo
B Kpaq Ha 1809 r. B Bynypeu ce
v Cesrr{eBo, BbcraBar 4000 cerrHkr
or ApHayrrcnofi (en. KBapraJI or Pa:- c$opMnpa oKono Co$poHnfi Bpa-

KyxH.

rpaA) H cbceAHHTe ceJla, a reH. Kaveu-

qaHcKH 6"strapcK14 nox r4TvrqecKI,l

Kpbf c t{IeHoBe Bvrtr.Hvr rbpfoBupl Lr

cAeA flapueBnr{ 6tnrap cKkr AnrnoMar

He

ycnflBa Aa AoBbpttrH

ll/.Ir4cldflTa cr4

yMzpa npe3 eceHTa Ha 1808 r.

EepxoBurra uz6usar rypcKnre rrbpBeHUH,

YTIACTI{E HA BbIIAPI4TE B

PYCKO.TI/PCKATA BOTZHE

or

1806-1812

cKr{ oTrrpaBq KbM Tflx Bb3BaHr4e tra rpoAbDKaBar 6op6ara. Te HarraAar opb)I(eeH
cKnaA B rpaAau o6pa3yBar AppI(HHa. B
TOBa BpeMe HTKOJTKO XHJrfltrVr BbCTaHr4LlVr

Te nonbJrBar qerupu orpf,la lo6poBonrrz, d c pycKoro HacrbfrJreHue 6poflT krl.r' ce yBeJrnqaBa HerrpeKbcHaro. B

lutrcure rrpn Eyrcypeul, Iy'.zvaut, f*opv Ap. c xpa6pocrra cv ce orJrnqaBar 6oi,tunre Ha HnKoJra Byrnu,
xaA)KH feoprn, froJrKoBHr4K Teo4op,
lnrvurbp Kaparbo3, To4op fanauJroB,
Aututr{rbp vr llaeer MaxeAoHcKH. B
reBo

Tnna Ha TypcKaTa ap}|dvrfl BpaqaHcKt{flT

ce cbcpeAoroqaBar oKono fa6poBo,

[luuxa v KasaHJrbK 14 rrocTaBflT rron
KoHTpon [[u[qeHc Kvrfl, rrpoxoA.
flpes 181 1 r. ro r{cKaHe sa 6rtrapcKara eMr{rparJvrfl reH. Kyty3oB vrcp.aBa
3anoBe r,3a $oprtrupaHe Ha BurapcKara
seMcKa eoilcKa B cbcraB or 2000-2500
Altun. HapeA c nexorara B Hefl Aeficrsa

,,,6bJrfapcKa KaBaJrepkrr". OrHoeo tro

HacroflBaHe Ha eMnrpaunflTa H c Hefi:nu

,r...Bct{rtnt{ xpncrngNn s EnnrapcKo,

B pbKA npsrmB rypqnre " Eapon [Jrornep 3a czfslrrr,rnTA ns Bpeft\e NA Gpascnors
BbCTANHC

,rBngRx ooo3, ABH)Keq ce Kbm ceAsro J{nxrcn. Gamnnr Besnp CC NAft\I,IPA

Xnesapoeo, FaerpaA,cKo) [ NefoBATA eoicna, oaeAuo c
Eottrxsxa I aAoAnrll{re, Aocrrlpa As 25 000 Aymn. 0prAnflra, AohonKoro .r\$irAx
AA npenpon - 80. JlanarKr tt\oxax AA npespon Ao 1050..." Jls Aonnaaa xa
lapcKl.l pA3vSNABAtr AO pycKoTs Koft\aNABANe

cefa B Topnan (ln.

i%?+Ta*jq

COOPOH VTN BPATIAHCKI,I V

AyxoBH

r,r

nHua. vqacrHplu

krr e

crIoAeJIflT

flonvrrvqecKr4Te Bb3fnetrI4 Ha cBofl

I r. HarlvrcBa
- ,,Mo t6a
Ao HaM vrpaulnre c e ryK 6rtrap v" ,
,,Mon6a Ao 6rnrap vre or rpa.q
BoAaq, Kofiro npe3 181

TpH rrpofpaMHr4 AoKyMeHTa

CeHUroB" v ,,,fIr4cMo Ao reH. Kyry3oB".

Hacro rBa 3a H3rpa)K traHero Ha
6rrrapcKr4 aBToHoMeH oKpbr rro JreBp{fl
6prr Ha AyHaBa or 3uuHrllr Ao farau,
B xofrro 6rnrapr4re ra pa3rroJrarar cbc
c o6crse H 14 cr 1krrrvull, y.uvrmula r4 Apyrl4
opfaHr{ 3a caMoyrpaBJreHHa, AA llonyqar
cBo 6ola 3a BepoH3rroBeAaHr4ero cv,
paBHorrpaBne Ha e3HKa v rbpfoBr4flTa

B rflx

B paMKnre Ha PycKara

HMrr epvrfl.

Taxa, [oAKperreH or cbMr4rrrneHnunTe

cv, Co$p osvtit yrBbp)r(AaBa ocHoBHara uen Ha BoAe Hara 6op6a - froKpoBnrencrBo Ha 6urapnre or Pycvr,
ocso6o)KAeHp{eTo r4M qpe3 BbcraHne,
cbqeTaHo c HacrbrrJreHr4e Ha pycKI{Te

eofrcxv, v

r,r3rpa)KAaHe Ha aBToHoMr{fl.

40

EbITAPI4TE B TPbIIKqTO BbCTAHI4E M

PI/CKO-TI/PCKATA BOI4HA OT 1 828-1829
Cr:AaAeHa c qeJI Aa rrpeAu3BrrKa o6uto BbcraHrre Ha rrpaBocJraBHrrre HapoAr.r nporrrB ocMaHcKara BJracr,
rafiHara rpbur(a opraHrr3auut rr0uJtnKn ereprrfl" npnuuva 14 000 6urapu xarcio or Blaurrco n Mol4ona,
TaKa r,I oT BbTpemHocrra Ha crpaHaTa.
xMXl4

XP14CT0 SbATAPUH
Xag>ku Xpucmo SunaapuH e pogeH npes 1794 z.

Eaqa My u 6pam My CmaBpo saeuBam

Cpr6ckomo BrcmaHUe u mou 6aza B 6ocHa, a

ommaM - B Eaunem. flocmbn8a B apMuflma Ha
Mexueg Anu naura, krgemo 3a xpa6pocmma cu
e HapeqeH UlaxuH (ncmpe6), a no-kbcHo, 3aegHo
c Xypurug naua, ugBa B flenonoHec. flo Bpenne
Ha o6cagama Ha Tpunonuqa ce npexBbpnn npe3
kpenocmHume cmeHu c noMoulma Ha noflca cu u
MuHaBa Ha cmpaHama Ha aprqkume BucmaHuuu
Haqeno Ha ?onflM omprg 6unaapu. YqacmBa
B gecemku cpa>keHufl, Ho oc06eHo MHo?o ce

0m^u.{aBa B 6umkama npu llepBeHaku. flpes

1824 z. e npoueBegeH B quH ?eHepan u cmaBa

kovraHgup Ha koHHuqama, koRmo e opeaHu3upaHa
kamo omgenHa 6o[na qacm no HeaoBa ugen. flpu
o6cagama Ha HaBapuH 0m eeunemckume Boucku
naga B nneH ua lA6paxuM narua u moil ao x8rpnn
B HaU-nnpavHun 3aHgaH. Xag>ku Xpucmo usgrp>ka
cmouqecku mpu?ogutuHo nAeHHuqecm8o, kamo,

cnopeg Hnkou cBegeHuff, Heao8 npuflmeA B

kunuRma e egHa eonflMa 3MuR. Kamo u3nu3a
Ha cBo6oga, ce Bknro,{Ba omHoBo B 6op6ama u
usBupur8a rrnHoaobpoiHu nogBusu B 6oe8eme npu
TuBa u B gpy?u cpa>keHun. flpes 1834 e. e HaepageH

c Hari-Bucokun opgeH. CmaBa u genymam B

apuqkun na pAaMeHm kamo npegcma8umen Ha
brnaapume u cbp6ume. Bunpeku 3acnyeume cu

Xudutu Xpucmo Ean?upuH

EbIIAPUTE

yMupa 6egeH u c o?poMHu gbneoBe.

BbB,,CDVTTtr{KI4

ETEPVTfl" I4 BbCTAHI4ETO B

AYHABCKHTE KHfl)KECTBA
3a anocroJr na Eurapvr erepncrnre
nz6npar Inr rarpnoc

B arnrc vrorr4c .

Vzrpa-

crpyKrypn B MHoro 6rnrapcKr{

rpaAoBe. Koraro npe3 182 I n orpnAnre
ua VncvrraHTkt vr BnarvtMnpecxy na6 ilv)KaBar Bynypeur, oKono eAHa rpera or
cbcraBa nM ca 6rnrapv. Cpaa rflx BvrtrHla

AeHr4 ca

BoeHaqanHr4rrr4 ca 6parxr a

flaser MarceloHcKn,

lwwtnrbp

KonHuqarrru Hu xaXpucnto pat6uea

eotTcxarrrr Hu Hutct.w
,rcuotu e 6oeeerrre npu
d,Hcu

Tueu.

vr

xaA)KH flpo4au,
Caea Enn6auu, Karr4TaH EoNVH, CroqH
I4Hlxe sofisoAa H MH. Ap. 3a xonaaHry4p
na SttrapnTe H KHfl3, cJreA pa3rpbrrlaHe
Ha BbcraHnero B Eurapnn, e nz6pau

AreKcaHAbp HuKonaeBnq flauoBnt{-

flpn l,{nclrr;,aHrvr npncrnra

rr lereraunfl or 17 6rnrapcKn tlbpBe H urr . Te o6eulaBar tra BAL{rHar Ha
HexoBHr{.

opbxne l0 000 lrr'rapv v B

ruo\r orp flAlaTe rtpeMHHaT A

-fa rpe-focraBqr 18 roJreMH na1nkr 32,

rt\Horo npexBbpJlflHe 14 oure 600 6oi,lryt,
Krrrrro -ta ce [pncbeAr4HflT KbM Casa
ElrHSarurr. 3a -ta npeB3eMar Cnnuos.

Fri I
I

Ht] l\ Irurrre pa3Srrpar 3a AexefauHflTa vr

rr;5rrBar BcrrL{Krrre ir q;reuoBe. ElnHcrBeH
\ir-ta.rr \ lrr\AJ or C;rrrBeH ycnflBa Aa
rr;5qri.t. 3a -ta crracflT ce\rel'icreara cr{,
ce cil\r,-.) SrrBeT \a-t/hrr flapacKeBa. KHe3
rr-

TrpHoBcKH, xaA)Ktr Voan or TprBHa kr

MH. Ap. Brn Blaruxo v Monlosa 6rrrapr4re ce 6usr caMoorBep)KeHo. B
rocneAHoro cpa)KeHr4e npu CxyneHr4, Ha
p. flpyr,3art4Ba v JrereHAapHnflr ZHAxe

sofieola.

EbIIAPT4TE B fPbTInOTO
BbCTAHVTE I82I_1 829
Xuts1vr ca yqacrHuunre

- crp6v,

pyMbHUr{, qepHoroprrr4 14 ao6poBonrrr4

or rrflna Enpona. Ho 6rnrapnre, 6opqn
3a cno6oAara Ha frpuvfl, ca rroBeqe
or BcI4r{Kr{ Tflx, B3erH 3aeAHo. XaAxu

Xpncro ErnfapuH craBa reHepan v

rroA HefoBo KoMaHABaHe B AeceTKH
yqacrBa feopru Cranpo or
Bulns. Anren fauo or BoleHcKo cburo
Aocrura qr4H reHepan. B 6oesere rpn
Heryur ceueficrBoro My rra1a B rJreH,
Ho Haqeno Ha orpqA or 320 6ofiuu rofi
ce cpa)KaBa npv flera v fepneHaKn.
cpalr(e HVfl

BupeKn 3acnyrnre cv yMnpa

Karo
6erssK, Ho cr4Hbr My, Mnqo faqo, craBa
reHepilr Karo Hero. Burytu reHepankr cavr

|
i
I

,rErnrapu nbnK$BoAqll NAqeAo NA I

llononorpoHuc, Boqapnc, Hapaucnaxnc
sopoa sa oreqecrBors l,r cBosoAara Osr
a, A0KATO I
Tvp4nn'
tsuv t:

rPbrIKoTo BbCTAHHE

1860n

Kapa feoprn EurapvH., xaA)KH CreQaH

ErrrapnH or OIpHH v flmrco BurapvH

or fhoBAr4B. Or rrbpBnre AHH n 6op6 ara
e v xr,rJrqAHI4Kbr AraHac EtnrapnH
or ManaueBcKo. xofiro ce 6ne flor
KoMaHABaHero Ha xaA)KI4 Xpncro v ce
orxr4rraBa c ronflMa xpa6pocr e 6urrcara
frpn C$aKrvrpvrn. Apyrz v3BecrHH
o$nuepn ca xr4Jr fltrHvtrrvrre AHrer
CoQ vrfl,He u, laruavt Ernrapr4H, Vwts
Etr rap vH, rI oMo uIH r4 K-xr,rJr rAHr4 Kbr
Kocra Ernrapr4H 14 MH. Ap. Crel
Kpafl Ha eofiHara crornun 6rrrapra ca
KOMrrpoMeTHpaHV rpeA rypuHre. He
MOfaT Aa Ce BbpHaT fro .foNroBere crr
yMHpaT B Mr,r3eprrfl.

rr

ThIII-APHTE B P}'CKOTT/PCKATA BOIZHAOT I82TI 829

Ha 26 anprrr 1828 r. Pycws olsBnBa
eoilHa Ha Typwrfl. Eurapr,rre orHoBo
ce crnqar Karo 4o6poBoJruu B pycKara
apwr4r. KannraH feoprn MauapqeB or
Korel v crl.krBeHeubr flauafior OoKHqFro

IB2\ f. B flenonoHec,
a npe3 IB22 r. TypqHTe ca pa36vtrvr
B 6urwara npz fepeeHar(H. Cruara
foArl,Ha TyprIHTe oBnaAflBaT o-B
Xlroc Lr H3KonBar 23 000 x(HTenH, a
AplrrII 45 000 rpoAaBar B po6creo.
flpe: IB24 r. B flenoroHec Le6apKr rpar errrnercKr4Te eofr cxvr Ha Vl6paxrlM [aLUa, 3aB3eMar o6patro noBeqero reprrropwr4, a rlpe3 1826 r. v
cronrrqara Ha BbcraHrrero - MecoTo Hs6yxBa rpe3

q
-

.,-t

j{

6oeBere rpr4 Cnnvrcrpa rpe3 1828

1829 r. B re3n 6oese roreMl4 IIoABH3I{
17

r43BTptuBa feoprr.I MaMapqeB. ,,C

MbxecTBo v xpa6pocr" ce flpoqBflBar
v KoHHHuHre Ha @oKVrHo. flpouyrn
sofrBoAH craBar Karvrar AneKcH 14

6pamr Ha Xai4nyr BenKo, MnnKo

flerpoBr.rq., xofiro Haqero na I 50 rou awr

3arvBa s 6oesere :a TyrpaKaH. llper roJrn
1828 r AreKcaHArp HeKoBHr{ rpt{crvrra
B Ha6a Ha apM nflra B Lllynaen Karo
,,frbJrHoMourHr4K ua 6rlrapcKuf Hapo4",

rr3rafa Te)r(KaTa My yqacT v HacToflBa

Ho ocso6o)r(Aeur,rero Ha
Euraprrfl Bce oue He e uer :a Pycltr.
flpe: rrroro Ha I 829 r. lo6poBorunre
ca o6e:rrHeHIr B oSur Kopflyc. Kot"ITo

BafrAoHrHoH. CneA cMbprra Ha

xofrro ce
poH (eenur< aHrnIafr cKr4 rloer,^opa

cpa)KaBa Ha fpblrKa crpaHa - 6. a.)

rpe3 1824 r. o6uecrBeHoro MHeHvre B
Eepona ra3qsn o roAKpers rpbuK ara
Kay3a v npeAH3BHKBa HaMeCaTa Ha

Pycnfl, AHrnHs 14 OpaHr\r4fl. Ha B

f. cbro3Hara Snora Ha
TpHTe A6px(aBr4 yHHxIo)KaBa rpH
HaeapHH TypcKo -efarercK ar a Snora
H cnafa xpaft ua eoftHara.
oKToMBpH c.

3a aBToHor\{Hfl.

rocrrrra 1500 Jyrrrr. C HacrbrBaHero

Ha pycKnre eoficrcH Ha For or EarxaHa
KoMaHABaHero roAKperr o6pa:yBaHero
Ha HoBr,r Apyx(vHvr. HaceJreH14ero
pa3y3HaBa Bpara, cHa61ssa apMlaflra
c xpaHn, rrocpeua fl c xts6 v con. B
[Oron3ToqHa Brn rapvr Bbopb)KeHr{re

B cTr4xvI{Ho BbOapHHcKI4tr MLIp

aKur414 [pepacTBaT

craHne

. VI Koraro

Hrrruo He npoMeHr cbA1ata Ha

6atrapr4re, rloKpycara e orpoMHa.
Haqero Ha orpnA or 500 ayurr,r feoprr,r
MaH,rapqeB ce or[paBfl KbM Korel , 3z

Ia

Btrr4fHe BbcTaHr4e, Ho e apecTyBaH

opraH kr3vrpaT oTpqA, xofiTo rroM af a rpr4

SopclrpaHero Ha AyHaB, ocbilIecrBflBa

pa3y3HaBareJrHn 3a\arrv v yqacrBa B

Kununtun feopztt
,Va"w ctpq e6

u H e?oc unrn

f1

n3ttpareH BbB Braurrco. C orrerJlflHero

Ha pycKara apMkrn roBeqe or 130 000
Alur,r ce orrpaB4T_KbM Eecapa6vn.

#,*

ontpnd oeltfldnnsrrr
edua om nuilnuJtcHume mg6utt
(1'xpennenun) uct
trrypt(urne e 6oe6ente
ttpu Cunucmpo npes
1829 z. Cned nto6u
o6pau4ctn, rueHeHume

opadun cpeu4y
zpctdu, Koerno noJltgzg
uTKrto.tunterHo npu
npegseMgHento My.

;iq.eF-qf

\\&

42

B.ETTIOBATA 3ABEPA- 1835

Cnel Olpnncxufl AoroBop oceo6o1ureJlHl{Te rexHeHl{fl na 6urapure He ceKBar. llououlra, KoflTo Hnmorafi
I oralna Ha cyJrraHa n 6op6ara My cpeuy MexnreA A;ru, norca3Ba rypcKara c,ra6ocr. llpncrcrBuero Ha
pycKrrre noficrcn n Culucrpa tl [puMepbr Ha crp6ure rI rr,puure cbrrlo noAxpaHBar brrrapcmure HaAe)KAr{
3a cBooona.

naailcrop _,A^N,rHTbp Co$n rrvrrra,

VsaHaKr4 VovKoB-K*opKr{H

or

Bpaqa,

I UEHT%PbT HA OPTAHH3ATIVTflTA

vtryMeHbr Ha flnaKoBcKHfl

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BEA'IO ATAHACOB
Benqo AmaHaco8-lDkanng>kunma e pogeH B TrpHoBo okono 1780 a. flopagu cnpeqk8aHe c mypqu
Hanycka pogHun cu ?pag u 3annuua8a sa Eykypelq,
krgemo yc8onBa 3aHaflm u cmaBa mupao8eu.
BnocnegcmBue ce npeMecm8a B SpauoB, a nokucHo u B Syganeua. Hampynan cbcmoflHue u
Bpusku, mou ce npu6upa B TupHoBo u cmaBa
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Ha CeBepHa Etneapufl. CHabgeH cbc cnequaneH
cynmaHcku 6epam, Benuo AmaHacoB ce saHuNnaBa
u c omkyny8aHemo Ha pa3nut{Hu gaHbqu, nonsBailku ce om npuBuneauume Ha 6epamnufl vop6ag>kun.
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1846 n Taxa 3aBbprilBa rlbpBvrflT orlnr Ha

6rnrapvre npe3 XIX

B. Aa

opraHn3krpur

oceo6o)KAeHr4ero cv, pa3qurafircu Ha

co6crBeHnTe cv cvrilv v Ha cepno3Ha
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44

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cetaHnTe or BepxoBcr(o w llnporcKo
orHoBo BbcraBar vr cSopvrr4par 2OOOeH orpsA Haqeno c Btp6au flaHoe v

KprcraH Heurvtu. Cpeury Hefo rpbr-

Ba qenr4sT HLrufKr4 fapHH3oH C HaAHqHara aprHnepvrfl. Btopb)KeHH caMo c

KocH

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^
froMourHn
npeA Hero v ca paz6vtrvt, a
HaceAeHHeTo - rIoAAo>KeHo Ha KAaHe.
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3aAoBeHHTe Ha rsxHa rep:z.ropvs, uz6s,faAH B6CTaHkrr\r4 Vr V fH [peAaRaT Ha
Typr.IHTe.

- KarvraH AflAo Hnrcora.

Cnelsairrcv cxeMara Ha rpeAHrIHlaTe
ABa 6yura, opraHl43arop vrre cr1vpar
@nrnroBcKr4

cpeAcrBa 3a [oAforoBKara Ha HoBa qera,

KOflrO rrpH eBeHryarHa fpbuKo-TypcKa
sofi Ha ta rpeMI,IHe Iynana n Ia BAHrHe

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cerreMBpn 1843 r. re ca 3aroBeHI4 vr

ocbAeHll Ha KaTopfa B corHI,,IuI4Te.

EPAVITCKHTE
EyHTOBE - 1842-1843
flprBreqeH or crSvrvflTa, B Epalrna
npn crvra ABaAecerroA vutHt4flT feoprv CrofiKoB Parconcrcn 14 ce cBbp3Ba cbc Cranpoc feoprHy, rcoilro
rpr6na Aa opraHt3t4pa rpruKr,rre
H rp aHTLr. B opraH H3au vrra
AKTI4BHO CC BKJIFOqBAT

eM

I-eoprr4 Ka:aKa. flerbp

far-rLreB rr rron flpoKorrrr.
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arHTarrvfl cpel Srrrapr rre
BbB Brarurco' Eec apa1nn

t4 MonloBa, or KoflTo cb3aKJTflTH14ULITe pa3qt4TaT Ha

6000 BbcraH v\r4. HanpaBeH

e ofrr4T Aa ce npr4BJreLre r1
oAecKaTa eMHfpaLIVfl.' Ho
Bacnr AnpHroB KareropH.{Ho oTKa3Ba. IhaHrr
3a BbcTaHr4eTo [peABr4)K-

ta

npe3 dre"pyapv 1842 r. xvr^rlrl

6rnrapcKrl qerHnur4 or Eecapa6vs la

[pncrnrHar e farau, KbAero KbM Tflx

Aa ce frpr4cbeAr4Hflr Apyfr4 BbcTaHIflI.]Jd.

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KbM

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Ho

3aK

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c re3n or farau,, Aa apecryBar rpr4cbcrBaur4re Ha 6ataocf uuepv, trao6e:opb)Kar

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v Bcr4r{Kr4 Aa [peMvrHaT

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lyHan e Errrapvn.

fro

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np ucrrruH u,,rcnto

vt

errr-

rtru(tttrre ,tu Bucttt xctdtrcu BbnKte

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B CEBEPO3NIAIHA

46 BbCTAHI4ETO

EbIIAPVIfl-

1850

Crel Huurxoro BbcraHr.re u3AeBareJrcrBara nag burapcKr.rre ceJq.Hlr trpoAbJrxanar. V6_eAeH[J qe arpapHara
peQopvra HfMa Aa 3acerHe rexHrrfl rcpafi, TypcKI{Te narrrlt, 6efione v aru rn onpa6nar 6egnoHTpoJrHo,
rrorbtrKBar r{ecrra u nocrofincrBoro uu. CncreMara Ha rocrroAapcrcoro 3eMeBJraAeH[e craBa He[oHocrrMa.
EYHTOBHATA OECTAHOBKA

Hafi-aKTHBHr4

EAraHcrBeHHflT ortryurHnK Ha cen flHr4-

BvtrvtucKr4fl, caHA)r(aK,, Ho Ha cb6paHnflTa

Te or cvryauxflTa e tra ce BAHfHar Ha

opb)Kne. flpe: 3r4wara Ha 1848 r. Unna
Ceeepo3araAua Er rrapvfl e o6xeaHara
or 6ynroBHr,rqecKo 6poxeHr4e, Koero ce
rrpexBbpnfl e flroBAr,rBcKo, CoSraficxo n
TrpHoBcKo. ElnH cneA Apyr cneABar ceJIcKH 6ynrone. llpe3 1849 r flyfio BoLiBoAa
Bnr4ra 4 svrlkrHcKlr ceJra, a Crauxo Eoqn>Kr4 rroAcrpeKaBa ceJIflHVTe Haqero Ha
Ma-trKa qera. Bvtluuc KI,I.fr Barvfl AoKJIaABa
Ha BncoKaTa [opra, qe parra orHoBo ,,ce
pa3cbp I.l/lra H pa3fHeBHJIa'..

TIOI|OTOBKATA
flpe: 1849 r: 3aroLIBa roAroroBKa

3a

BbcraHhe v B Haqaxoro Ha 1850 r. e cb3traI]eHa opfaFr v3arw4fl,) KoflTo ooxeaua

ceJrara B Berorpa[qvrrrKo, BHAI,IHCKO,
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Be, .{op6al.xwvt

14

TbpfoBul4, KoHTo

rrocroflHHo ce cbBeulaBar B MaHacrl4pa.

npvcrcrBar

r,{

ca opraHvrcaropnTe or

rpeAcraB?rrerrv or TrpHoB-

cKo, CocpnficKo wHuutKo. Te cH rrocraBrr

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AapxbuuTe, Ho H oTxBbpnrfixn TypcKaTa BJracr, 6urap?rre ra ce cAo6uqr c

aBToHoM r4fl,.

NraH

or I1rlear - EerorpaAquK, a rperrlflT,

pbKoBoAeH or lItpBaH Brp 6asoB,
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flerrco Map?rHoB - BnAnH. O6uloro
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Te 3aKyrryBar opb)r(ve

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Ha 232 KHe3oBe v I 18 ceJra,, B Koero
3aflBflBar rBbpAoro cvr HaMepeHHe tra

v HacrorBar rofi Aa rpneMe

rocpelHnqecKara poJlf Me)I(Ay rqx vr
BncoKara ropra. V3pa6orBar rraH,
cropeA rcofiro BbcraHHero rpfl6ea Aa
ns6yxHe Ha CnacoBAeH, I rouu, vr Aa6rle
ce 6oprr

rpeB3er JIou , aBn1v:a vr EelorparyrvK o6caleHr,r. Cnea roBa noMcKr4Te BbcraHr4tr4 rprSna ra ce pa3Aenflr Ha ABe eAHATa rronoBnHa Ia ce BKJrroqH B
urypMa Ha BerorpaAquK,, a Apyrura - B
olcalara ua BnlnH. B cborBercrBr.re c
TO3H frJraH CvJrIdTe Ce pa3npeAenflT B Tpr4

BboPbxEH

arczp adq u Lu Kurns

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c no 1000-1500
u B ocmaHa^ume g8a
^a?epa
Ha 6enoapag.{uk Ha
BtcmaHuuu. l-lpu o6cagama
10 000 ce^nHu ce nagam egBa okono 200 nyuku
u 3amoBa me ca npuHygeHu ga np ulazHam go
makmukama Ha npogrn>kumenHama obcaga,
koemo no3BonnBa Ha BuguHcku n zapHu3oH ga
ce opeaHu3upa u ga eu ygapu B apr6.

---

U14TE

BuguHckume ompngu cumyauunma e cbll{ama.

B nup8un om okono mpu xunflgu gyLUu caMo

Kp e n o c nr.

IT

14

caMo okono 20 ca Buopu>keHu c nyuku. Ipu

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l/r r,

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Aouomo Btopu>keHue no BpeMe Ha BrcmaHuemo

g0 eo^flMa cmeneH npegonpege^n u u3x0ga
om 6ouHume geucmBun. 0aHecmpeAHomo
opu>kue Hegocmuea u BtcmaHuqume MacoBo
ca Buopr>keHu c kocu, 6pagBu u Bunu. 0m 1000ma BrcmaHuqu Haqeno c kanumaH Kptcmbo

BtcmaHgJtunre cernHu otrtgKyr&rn

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v 6oenpr4nacv.

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rl
I

rocnoAAPAbrIHTE
B Haqanoro Ha XIX e. B OcrvraucKara

,r. A\OXA.\eAANI{Te CnAXllH 3AnOqNAXA

or 200.

r4r.nlrepnfl 6wtta npoBeAeHa vrarqa6na

afpapHa pedropMa. f,rp>xaeara 3aroqHa;ra caMa Aa npw6wpa Qeo4arrHara

1.

peHTa oT clraxr4r4cKnTe THMapv H oTAeAHAa cnaxr4r4Te or rexHHTe neHoBe. Ho

Ha BnaAenuHTe Ha rocnoAapcKHTe cena

HarypalHa peHTa, 3aqoro re He OwLV crraxr4v. B rocrroAapcKuTe 3eMpr

censHr4Te 6utw r^pnHyx(AaBaHV, Aa

AocrHfHaAH r{yAoBHUIrlH

}Jaxl4fl CenSIHHTe nnau{a^H ,,3d BCeKH

speM |Io [eTAeceT oKH >KHTO, [O

leTAeceT oKH eqeMHK LI fro [eTAeceT

oKH rlapeBr{qa... KaTo |IpaBo 3a |Ia[ra
Ha BCeKH AeCeT OBUe |IO eAHa OKa
cHpeHe, B fopHcTvrTe MecTa oT BCsKa
KbI].Ia |Io eAHa Kona A'bpBa. a B MecTa,
AO3g,, OT BCCKII YBpaT u\O3e

rro ABa4ecer rtaprr". Ho ocBeH BCIIr{Ko

afaTe rr4 nprlH\-iKJ,aBa*\rr J,a ilaSorr{T
aHraprrs. Ia rl3xllaHBar r\-llcKrI rIIrHoB-

C Har I 000 BbcraHHuH KarHraH

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. Ha 4 FoHr4 re ca npecperuHarr4 or

IoH,l

rypcKH KoHeH orpflI rr cre-{ IByqacoBa

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HaA 60 BbcraHnurr 3artrBar repop"ICKL{

\1,

c nprrSrH3lrreJrHo

or pa3Srrrrrre Vsau Kyrrau

ce HacoqBa KbM EerorpaALurc. fIoAoOHa e

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v Ha BVII4HCKI4Te

CeJIflHI,I, BOAeHH

or llerKo

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Bpb3Kr{Te Ha BnI.uH cbc caHA)r(aKa., Te ce
fpynHpBar oKoro fpaAa B rppt Jrafepa. B

nbpBKfl vMa oKoJro TpH

a B ocraH ailr4re

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tryutr4,

1000-1500
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nporaKar c nperoBopn 14 Koraro crSnpar
ABa

rocrarbqHo cr4rr4, araKyBar. BrcraH H uHTe

ca pa3ilpbcHaTn v noAroxeHH Ha ceq.
Orcono 250 or

rflx

3arr4Bar.

OECAAATA HA

EE"|IOfPAIIIHK
floseqe or l0 000 cernHr4

Haqero

BrnpeKr.{ rropa)KeH vflTa ceJItH Hre He

BbCTAH14ETO

rroroBVHara

npeKparnBar Sop6ara v ce rpynnpBar

B frraH vHara. or Apyfa crpaHa, Be crra
'3a 'rypcKl{Te I43CTbII IIeHI,{^f AOCTI,I|a AO
eBpoflefr c Kr,rre AH[JIo Marr4. 3annarleHa
or He6narorp vtrrHw nocre trt4rlt4., flopTara v3npaua c[euHaJIeH flpareHl,lK Arra Puza ilarla, KofrTo na aHKervpa
cb6 vrvflra. Pyc vfl v An frvrfl ce HaMecBar n HacToflBaT 3a vcfroKof BaHe Ha

Hanpe)KeHnero ecKaJrL4pa v BbcraHHero rr36yxBa npe)r(AeBpeMeHHo - Ha

2l Mafi 1850 r. CrpSw He caMo orKa3Ba froMoulTa cv, Ho v 3aTBapfl fpaHr.rttaTa 3a uzSsfaJrr.rre )KeHH v Aeua.
Cruteepe\leHHo yBeAoMrBa lloprara 3a

Ha norecpax(eHrrero.

47

or frraA Lr

HHUII. 3A|ITIIETA 1I i]OIlHIIUIl.

noryr{eHHTe cBeAeHHf

yN,{opeH

SrtrapcKr{re rrbpBeHur4 Haqero c 6au-r

rrHlrre nona plur
Mer(Ay ABa ofbHr' xpaSpo ce cpa)KaBar Ao
3Apaq H HaKpan ca pa35uru. Orcono 200250 or rrx naAar y6vtvt, a ocraHaJlr{Te
ce H3TefJrflT KbM rrJraHVHaTA. TypUHTe crp aHaTa. crel Hqrcorrco Aeryr arl4vr
3aroqBaT KbpBaB nofpoNl - oSe3rJraBflBaT
Li rapaHqHoHrro nHcMo or Anra Pnza
3ano)KH vLI]./-Te., V36r{Bar MHOfO OT naua cerflHr4Te rpeKparflBar 5ynra.
6rrrapnTe B rpaAa H pa3fp alear ArorffiHr.rre Cr.rcreM ara Ha rocnoAaprbuHTe B
r.{ AoMoBere r4M. onycrouaBaT HarbrHo
Ceeepo3arr aAHa Ern rapkrfl e rpeMaxnoBeqe or 200 cera B pafioHa Lr rr3KoJrBar Hara, a Ha ceMeilcreara Ha 3arLlHaJIHTe
HaA 3000 6rrraprr.
AOpH Ce OTTyCKaT neHCHH.

pa3Mepr4- B KyrnoevrxKa:,z' Aovrcxa

HJlv.Ia

Ia 6tre

KHe3a I-[ono ToeopoB. Ce

fpalr{HruKo , B:,z.E:aHCKo, Aovrcxo H Kyn-

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npOtl noBeqe

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ra Jlorr,r ce oKa3BaT B TIIIa Ha BbCTAHHuHTC.
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xa

vqacrlre BbB Bbcranrero J{acraHa onvcrouenne.

a B caM4'- EerofpallrrrK oue B caMoro

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rulg
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48

OCBOEOAnTETHOTO ABTDKEHTTE
[IPE3 KPHMCffi BOILHA
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MAAIOCTTA HA PAKOBCK]4
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Cmouko IonoBuq, npogrn>kaBa ceMeuHama
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Enponeficrca Typun r", B Koero pa3KpHBa
BbcTaH

oanKaH, 3a Aa ce tlpHc'b-etrvrHvr KbM

pycKara apMvrfl. Ho rfl orcrbrBa or
lyHancKuTe KHfl)r(ecrBa vr B Haqaroro
Ha 1855 r. PaKoBcKH pa3rycKa qerara H
rrpeMuHaBa BbB Brarurco.

14

6rnrapcKVre

vW.

HerrocnJrHoTo rrono)KeHne Ha HapoAa.

ETII4TPOTIIAflTA V
OAECKOTO EbIIAPCKO
HACTOflTEJICTBO
Koraro pycKara apMr4fl HacrbrrBa B
IynancKr,rre KHfl)KecrBa, 6rnrapcKnTe
o6utnHra n Epar4ranf au^au roAaBar vol6a
ro Hnxorafi I c ucrcaHe 3a aBToHoMH fl Ha
Eurapvrn flper 1854 r: ro vrHvrrrvarvBa
Ha Br4p'Hnre rbproBun EerorI,I u Xpvtcro
feoprlr eBV, KoHcraHTI4H 9oKaH,
HraxnSop MycraKoB n rp. ce y.{pe.u flBa
Ennrp oilvrfl (Hacrofl reJrcrno), H3BecrHa
Karo f,o6poAerenHa AppK vHa. (Cnopea
HrKor{ yqeHn e cb3AaAeHa rrpe3 1853 r.)
Ts cw rrocraBfl 3a rrer rpuBnnqaHero Ha
4o6poBonrln sa eofiHura cpeuy Typunr.

Crc cbullaTe 3a1,aqv rpe3

185

4 r.

oAecKnre 6rwapn cb3AaBar OlecKoro

6rnrapcKo HacroflTeJrcrBo v flonarar
roJreM

v ycvnvfl Ia y6elnr

B rroJr 3ara or

r4Mrreparopa

B3ar4MHH l,eficrBvrfl

EbJIIAPCKI{TE
AOEPOBOTqT{
lnere opraHn3 a\krvr rpt{BJrnqar
MHoro 6rmapu or Bla[rKo, MouoBa,
Eecapa6wn v [OxHa Pycun Aa ce

3arrvutar BonoHrHpH (aoOpoeorun)

pycKar a apMvrs.3a rJIaBeH pa3ropeAnreJl

ro r.f,xHoro na6wpaHe e Ha3HaqeH A-p
VsaH Cerunr4HcKn H B Kpafl Ha 1853 r e

c$opvr vpaH 6rnrapcKr4 4o6poBonqecKn

orpnA. B nero rocrbrrBar Me)r(Ay 2000 vr

4000 n!ruw, pa3AeneHn sa 4 rexorHr vr

1 xouua pora. TexHr4 KoMaHrvpv craBar

lo6nnnTe

Beqe 6oeH orrnT

Bacnl

xa.rI)KH

BrnKoB , AHMHrbp VepHeB, fIaBeJr

fpanaaAoB vr Ap., a nperoAaBareJrflr

or

6yrcypeuKoro BoeHHo yqnnnue

Karrr4Tau AreKcaHAbp xaA)Kr,{ ce 3aeMa c

BoeHH ur a r{M

rroAroroBKa. lo6poBonunre

yqacrBar B lwrrcure rrpr{ I1catata, MauvH,

r
TyrpaKaH vt rp. EurapcKoro HacereHr4e
r43BbprrrBa pa3y3HaBaTeJrHH 3atrarrkr

vr

[oMafa c KaKBoTo Mo)Ke

flpn orrerJrflHero
r4M MHoro or ao6poBonu?rre He fr4
HaBCrKbtre

Ha pycKr4re sofrcKr4.

HarrycKar

v yLracrBar rpu

or6paHara

na CeBacrorroJr, KbAero ce orJu{qaBa c

xpa6pocrra cuKeau KnureJrcKr4 v crkra
AO rrHH

feHepan.

qemu geIcmBam B noqmu Bcu.{ku 6uneapcku

3eMU, HO Hau-Be.{e B nnaHUHCkUme U npun^aHuHckume pailoHu. B 1/gmoqHa SrnaapuF ce
npovyBam c nogBu3ume cu AnmrHnr CmonH
om Komen, Sygak CmonH, Xenuo BouBoga,
Kapa TaHac u MH.gp. B LleHmpa^Hun SankaH u
CpegHoeopuemo - AHaen Bou8oga om c. HoBako8o, Souqo om TpnBHa, KynnaH om TrpHoBcko..,

O Kuncynuu

XA14[YT14TE NPE3 BTOPATA IIETBbPT HA XIX B.

Kakmo u B npegutuHume cmonemufl, mexHume

6enzuilcxct xapuSurtct uu

I1 C.

mpaguquoHHo xailgytukama 3anagHa

Srneapun mypckume gepu6eu u anqHume
vop6ag>kuu mpenepRm om t{aktp BouBoga om
CarvrokoB, 14nuo MapkoB BoUBoga

PctxoBcxtt.

om 6epoBo,

Cted c'pedamo HCt XIX c. opb)K'ttnntu .rtu('olo

leopau flrp>kenkoB 0m [Iuncko u MH. gp.Ho

('e npepa6ottteant

xaUgymcmBomo us)kuBn8a c8oemo BpeMe, 3a

G Kon('.t'.7tttt
netlt-Tetnutttu ce
c_veHfln? c' Ho6u L^'Kqerltct.
@ tDpencKu u?reH peso-7sep mun ,,f o QJ,rrro"

oKoro 1855

z.

I.I.-.Tettunte opb,HCttn Stt.ttt edtttt

onl

fiTtpBttrfia,

tno ctltpe.tn:tt c nutnpoI t tt ( x.t'pttt.t'.tt, KCtt.-c't'.l ct

tt 5ap1'tttett sopnd, c't6poutt 6 -tte('uLtao6ct .,tt-t3ct).
IlarnpoHume Stpso ('e 3upetrcdcttu r; 1opa5oHo.
Kott

El atodoper t tte t t ct .'tt.l

3uttt ct 63ptt6ttnt ('e

u('oLt Bo-l

uctnped, ct He Kb-l/ ('tttpe.tetlu. Otttdo-t.t'ttu

dptrltt'xantct pe6otsepbnl tt.rtct -\olKu tu utu.t'p, ('
Kolill?o t1ucn10.7nlbnt ce Hocc.l oKo.l() spuntu u_llt
pct-rrottto. Om c'pedantu rttr.\-1.\'(i. paGo.tGcpu ('e
t 3 n ol 3Ga-l I t rt o ttt 1t,.t,' (t p (' K t t n a p c 6().-t to r t t t o t r e p t t.
r

ga ce npenee B op?a+u3upaHomo peBonnuuoHHo

g8u>keHue, a MHo?o om npoqymume BouBogu ga
cmaHam nnaMeHHu peBonroLluoHepu.

flocle

AHr4flr Aopr4 orKpaABa

or

Kacara

na 6auta cv 2000 rporua 3a roKyrrKa

Ha

6apyr. AAao Hnrola ornBa s JkcKoBcKr4n

MaHacrr4p, rGAero rpr6na Aa ce cr6epar
200 BbcraHnr\v, Ho ce flBrBar caMo 13.
Cnel 6urrcu B fa6poBcKrrfl 6anKaH vr

rpelarercrBa

Ha fa6poBcKr4 Lrop6a l>Kt4vl

Toil e y1m oT 3arrr,rerara.

Boiteodsms Llnuo Mapxoe

Y
3uttttt tterrrorrtu l'6ueum Kun utrtun dndo H uxo-tct
e zudponcKutrru .rtuxs-t u o u u o6 tlu.

BbCTAH VIETO HA KAIII4TAH

I-flI.O HHKOTA
Cnel Kpr,rHacKara Boiina SyuroBHnre
HacTpoeHlafl cpe.u 6rrraprrre He cTr{xBar
Bb[peKr4 v3LaBaHeTo Ha XaTr rxyNraroHa,

rcofiro rpoBb3rJracflBa paBeHCTBo Ha

BCr4r{Kr4 rroAaHr4rrr4 Ha cyrraHa. Ha 25
Mair 1852 r. Vlsau Kynrau v ArrNrrrrbp
flerpoBnr{ orr r4TB T Aa BAr,rrHar 6rr rapr rre
oT Cenepo3arraAHa Etnrapvfl., a rpe3
[oJrH - aBrvcr HnKoJra o^vtrntnoBcKu Kanr4TaH l,^l,o HuKoJra, [paBH onHT
3a BbcraHr4e B fa6poBcKo. PoleHnrr
B Cnnvcrpa peBorroulroHep rpncrvra
npe3 1853 r. B TrpHoBo Karo rrr4Baq
Ha eBponeficKr4 rnrr o6lerclo n cb3AaBa
q.4PO OT rraTpHOTr4, CpeA KOr.rTO Hr.lrcOra
MwxaitJroBcKn,,
P. Clasefrrcoe, KrH.ro

Kecapr4eB,

llanAeln KncHMoB vr Ap.

50

EOPEA 3A HOBOEbTIAPCKA IIPOCBETA

-a

3
'li

[IoAeurr Ha flpocBerara B [bpBr,ITe

AecerI,IJIerI,Ifl Ha

XIX B. rrpuoorqana ourapr,rre KbM KyJrrypHHTe

AOCTr,tlr(eHuf Ha efloxaTn, cb3AaBa ycJIoBI{fl 3a orxBbpJrflHe Ha rryxqr,rre BJrI,rflHvrfl, ra QopMrrpaHe Ha cBercKa

HHTeJrHreHur{r Lr Hono6bJrfapcKr{ rr[IcMeH Ir roBopI,IM e3IrK Ir

cra. llocrerreHHo rrpocBerHoro ABkr6urapnre ua6upa cvna.

Ar CKPI,IMI4HAIII4flTA
CtIPflMO EbIIAPI{TE
Or Bcr4rrKH 6atKaHcKH HapoAH

)KeHr4e cpe.q
B

r4Mrepvrra 6tnrapnTe ca B sai,t-ve6taforrpHflTHo rroJIo)KeHHe - JII{IIIeHH OT

rrpflK Aocer c eBpoueficKl4re crpaHl4
u safi-6tr{3o Ao l-{apHrpa4, re ca roAJroxeHr4 Ha )I(ecrol(a HauHoHaJIHa v
per vfvo3Ha II,1.cKpl{MI4H aIJVrfl 14 Ha
cr.rJrHoro BItr4flHVe Ha rbpuu3Ma. Te:r,r
$arcropra Her4MoBepHo 3arpyAHflBar
pa3BHTHero Ha 6rtrapcKara rpocBera
rr Hy)r(Aara or cBercKo o6pa3oBaHre
HapacrBa eABa c Bb3MofBaHero Ha
Tbp roBc Ko- npoM trIJI eH ar a 6ypNo a3krfl

3a Hy)KAHre Ha o6pasoBaHraero rrpe3

1824 r. A-p llerrp BepoH cbcraBn cBon

,,Pn6eH 6yrnap". lloa ersAeficrBne Ha
vtrevre Ha lOpnfi BeuervH, H3no)KeHH
B ,,,ApeBHHTe v ceraruHn 6urapv",
Bacnt AnpnJroB nocBeulaBa )KHBora

14

rrpe3 Bt:pa)I(AaHero.

IPOCBETHOTO AEIO
flrpBr4re AecerI4JI ervfl Ha XIX

e.

orsels3Bar Bbpxa Ha KI4JInfiHoro o6pa-

A
anumap MunaduHoe

3OBaHHe, HO B HOBI4Te yCJIOBIdfl TO Beqe

ce rBrBa aHaxpoHn3bna. llpeg XVIII e. e

r\{Horo 6srrapcKn rpaAoBe ca pa3KpHTH

EPATfl M14AA[14H0814
llurvrumbp Mu^aguHoB e pogeH B Cmpyaa npe3
1819 a. 14syveH B apuqku yqu^uqa, cffiaBa
npuBup>kenuk Ha ?pbukama o6pasoBaHocm. Ho
npe3 40-me eoguHu Ha XIX B. y He?o HacmtnBa
npenoM u moil ce npe8puqa B ?opeLu pageme^

fpbuKr{ cBeTcKH yrtvilklljla:' KbAeTo yqaT

Palino flonoe vH, VsaH CenHMHHcKt{ v
MH. Ap. [pe: l8l2 r. B Korel e orKpl4ro

fpbrlKo yr{r4rhue.' Koero IIo-KbcHo

npeycrpoeHo B eJlnHo-6urapcKo. llpe:

I 8 l5 n Evr a+yvx BacrcuAoBur{ pa3KpI4Ba
eJrr4Ho-6rnrapcKo yrilrnnrue B Celauros,

a npe3 l8l9 r. PailHo floroBrLr -

Koren. B cJIeABaurI4Te rorr4Hr4 TaKHBa

yLrnilvu-Ia ce orKpHBaT 14 Ha ApyfH MeI A-p nET6P EEPOH
Bvt4uusr 6rnrapcKn y.reH H npocBereH
Aeeq e poAeH npe3 1800 r. B Koten.
flonyvaBa BHcoKo o6pasoBaHze B

3a Ho8o6rnaapcka npoc8ema. YqumencmBa

B flpu^en, Cmpy?a, Kykytu u Oxpug. Cneg
Kon c ntsH

rrt

npuknnq8aHe Ha yve6Hume 3aHuMaHun o6ukann

cenama u oepannomnBa BtspacmHume. BtBe>kga

uH M unsd uHoB

esuk B yqunuqama u LlbpkoBHume

cvt Ha 6rtrapcKoro o6pa3oBarenHo btnaapcku
cny>k6u. Cneg BenukgeHckama akqun om 3
poAeHnnr
n
roBa
fa6poBo
llpean
Aeno.
anpu^ 860 pa3BuBa uupoka geuHocm 3a
v 3aBbptunn B Mocxna, EpauroB vr Bn- caMocmoflmeAHa 6rnaapcka qupk8a. lpuqkume
eHa oAecKr,r rbproBerr e lnail-flpKnflT Bnaguqu Me^emu[ om 0xpug u BeHegukm om
Sumonn y6e>kgaBam mypqume, qe moil e,,pycku
rrpeAcTaBHTeJr Ha rbpqeeulr4Te ce 6rna?eHffi", u ua 6.2.1861 a., okoBaH BuB Bepu ?u, e
rapn. Ha 2 nnyapu 1835 n rofi orxpvBa omkapaH
B Hail-MpaqHun 3aHgaH Ha Uapuepag.
B poAHr4fl CV rPa.q, C rroMorrlTa Ha KoHcmaHmuH MuAaguHoB cbruo e peBHocmeH
Apyrr4 6rrrapcKu rbproBrrh, rrbpBoro pagemen 3a 6tnaapquHama u ompaHo ct6upa c
1

yHHBepcHTerHTe Ha Xafilen6epr H
Mronxen. HatpyrtBa sbcrofrHue or rbp-

6rnrapcKo B3aHMHo cBercKo yqvnvuue

IOBLItI, CAeA KOeTO Ce nOCBeIIIaBa Ha

PHrcrH, rIpH3Har or cbBpeMeHHHIIHTe

HaJr{HpI 3aHHM atrr4s.. flpes IB24 f. H3Aaea ,,B5rxeap c pa3A"rLIHH rro)rreHws", v3Bec'TeH Karo ,,Pvt6ett 6yt<sap", e xoftro

H3nara cBos npoeKT 3a rpeycrpoficteo

rra 6tnrapcKara npocBera Ha HoBH Harra-

Aa. Eyxeapbr My cGAbp)Ka pa3AeAH

rlo fpaMaTH.Ka, ecTecTBeHa

vrcTopvrs.,
apHTMeTHKa, aHaroMr4s. ur AHTepaTJapa,
KOgTO BKATOT{Ba MbApOCTI,r, nOIOBOpK}I

H aHer(Aorr 3a BeAlrKH nraqHocrpr. Be-

poH ce o6.gesea nporuB xutt;z^itHara

cHcTeMa H npeAAara MoAepHa MeroAHKa no noAo6He Ha H3BecrHuIs, rlo HeroBo

BpeMe Ben-AarrKacrepoe (t. e. B3alIMoSr.rHreneH) MeroA. HeroBvIsT,,B5rxeap"
rrocraBs Harraloro Ha Hoeo6tlrapcKara

rpocBeta. Yuvpa npe3 1871 r.

Heo$ur

Ha3Haq aBa 3a yqvrreJl B Hero

ckr 3a rrurpkrapx Ha 6rnrapcKuTe )rqHTenH

14

KHr{)KoBHvuv. BzawMHI{ yqnnvtqa ce

flroeAun, CnHIrIoB, KonpHn-

cb3AaBar v s

uluua, TrpHoeo, TpflBHa, Korel, B I\{Horo

rpaAoBe B MarceAoHnn, B lo6pyaxa
14 Ha Apyrn Mecra. llpe: 1833 r. ilo

v1efl na XpvrcraKr flaeroBl4tr 3ailoqBa

H3fpa)KAaHeTO Ha CBeTCKT4 AeBr4rreCKH
yqvnvfl\a v ao 50-re roAkrHla Ha BeKa ca

orKpnru 35 rarcusa. llpes 40-re

ToAHHH

eJrr4Ho-6rrrapcKnTe yqvn vura 3a[oqBar

Aa ce rpaHcSopN{prpar B Hoeo6nnrapcKn
KJIaCHn, 3 B IIO-|OJIeMHTe B3aHMHr4 yLtldnr4ula ce BbBe)KAa BTopa crerreH Ha

'e

d'rt

6pam cu bunaapcku HapogHU necHu.3a8rpu8a

o6pasoBaHuemo cu B Pycun, a npe3 1861 a.
ny6nukyBa B ABcmpun c6opnuka,,Ebn?apcku
HapogHu necHu". Cutuo kamo 6pam cu e xBupneH

B 3amBopa kamo ,,pycku aeeHm". Hanpa3Hu

ca ycunuflma Ha pyckume u aHeAuilckume
gunnoMamu ga cnacnm 6pamrma om Cmpy?a.
B samBopa me ce pas6onnBam om muSyc u B
Haqanomo Ha 1862 e. yMupam.

o6yueHne. Taxa ce ocblllecrBflBa

L,I

npexoA

KbM no-ropHoro KnacHo o6paroBaHne.

flpes 1876 r. e Errrapvn ce Ha6potBar
oKono 1500 HaqarHvr 1y'rvnvrrz, AecerKI4
KJracHH H HrKoJrKo fnMHa3vrv1 s CeuuoB e
orKpHTo rbproBcKo y.uvrnkrule, a n IIIoBAHB
n II{nn yqnnr{ua 3a rroAroroBKura Ha
HaquurHvr y.rvrern. I-onopv ce Beqe vr 3a

orKpHBaHe Ha yHvrBepcnrer. Vq

vnvxlura

T
Kara Me)rqy KynrypHoro HHBO Ha TyprIH
vt fisrr:apkr ce 3aAu6oqaea. VnpaBr4re rrflr
ua IyHaBcKt{fl BHJraer Mnaxar ratua peafvpa c KoBapeH rpoeKr - rypcKr4re H

UbnrapcKl4Te y{I1.ntlrula Aa ce cnetr.

PerfopMara e 3aMncneHa roA rrpeAror
3a pa3BllTr^e Ha IpOCBeTHOTO AeJrO,,

51

; poAbT DbArApcKn, 3a KsroTo cbm

paryBAA rr 3A Koforo qe
Nsft\A
I] Ao v$pe 3AeANo c ft\eNe Tpa,
Ton qe sc) TANe n noAllp meNe u eAHN AeN u{e
I

HO UenH yHHUIO)r(aBaHe Ha UbJrfapCKr4Te

yuvnwrla qpe3 rpr4o6utaeaHero

r,rM

KbM rypcKr,rTe penHfr4o3Hn YIUJJIdr[3' KOHTO Ca Ha MHO|O IIO-HHCKO

paBHr4ure H B Kor,rro o6yueHl4ero ce

'{,

"*;,\,r$

AeJro

r43BbprrBa caMo Ha TypcKH e3I4K.

Ernrapc KHre poAonro 6un BbcraBar cpeuy rypungr,rpaHero na o6pa3oBaHr4ero. Iho6eH KapanenoB
u Xpucro Eoree rrpn3oBaBar HapoAa
Ha Henpr,{Mupvwa 6op6a 3a 3ana3BaHero
Ha rpocBerHr4re Aocrv>KeHnr. flpe: 70re roAvrHvr e HarpaBeH 6e:ycnerreH orHT
Bb3 ocHoBa Ha [poeKra Ha MnIXar ttatlra
3a peopraHn3arr4r Ha o6pa:oBaHnero B
wrura HMrepHfl.

fonfl Mo 3HaqeHr4e frpr rloSlr Ba npo6reN,{br

3a yquTeJrcKprre Karpn. ByeHrr cr{HoBe
Ha HapoAa crerBar BbB Bnena., llpara,

3HaMero Ha ,,Merann vrgefl"

fpbuKHTe Haur4oHaJrvtcTvr cbulo [peqaT
Ha 6rnrapcKoro npocBerHo AeJro vr

sr+*S_s;S
A
E-te n c rul nro

,,f, u c xctt

K,7

0J7 u 6 H

uc, t o )'tl u.7 u l4e

u lqu nt u

"

ce roAAbpxar or HapoAa. o6pa:oBaHr4ero

e 6egnJrarHo.

yqvTEICKr4TE

nAAPVT

C patnr4Tr4ero Ha npocBerHoTo

flapnX, MroHXeH, EepnvH, XeHeBa v

.rp. Muoro 6rtrapn ce yqar B Epauron,,
Eenrpa.q v Eynypeu. KaroJrr,rqecKVre
\rvrcvrvr Ha @p aH:g:'.rr

Ee6erc

cbc cBor,rre

Jr

v\avt

v fanara capafi B IIapHrpaA

ynpa)KHflBaT BJ]flHHe Bbpxy )KeJraHr4eTO

Ha crornrru 6rnrapcKn poAonro6un Aa

craHar

yLrHTe

rv.

HacrrrrBar v aHrrvtit-

flog

nocpeAcrBoM MHoro6pofiH14re

ilpocBerHH AppxecrBa,,.,CHro

tv"

ckl
LIc Kar

tra acvrMr4nkrpaT KyJrrypHo obJlf apl{re,

KoHTo Hap vqaT ,,.,6TrraporJI acHvl
rbpun". Oco6eHo ocrbp e rcoH$nt4KTbr
B MarceAoHr4fl, KbAero Ao Oceo6oxAeHr4ero ca rocrpoeHn 250 6lnrapcKn
yr{ Hr HUra. Irlgrcr rcq HreJ H H poAon ro6unrrpocBernTeJru craB ar VopAaH KoucraHrr4Hon-lNuHor vr lparnra AuMr4rbp t4
KoHcr aHTr4H Mrar aI.VHoBH., Kor4To 3arv-

Bar Karo MbrreHr4ur4 Ha 6rnrapcKoro

npocBerHo Aeno H ubpKoBHure 6op6n.
Karo Herpr4

Iftpeotrro trrlrp,ilcecnrnetro qecnrnutte uu c6.

- rpoqyrr4r

[ON{afaT 3aBbpHaJrHTe Ce

OT

Pycun Vsau MonrqrrroB, Borro flerrcoe'

3aBbprrrr.rJrprre BTopa creneH B fa6pono
3axapn Kpyrua., I-[errrco Helee H ep. B
Ta3v o6craHoBKa H3pacrBar Karo v3flBeHH yqptrerH rarpnoTvrre HafiAeH
I-epon, Heoclrar Purc rcv, Vlvtn BtrcKoB'

JprcraKr4 flannoBnr{' Voarcuu fpyen,

I locnS Koeaqee, Caea @Hxaperos u Ap.

cPEIrIy Bb"|I|APCK|4TE

yqv[urrIA

flpe: 60-re roAr4Hr.r na XIX e. pa3rvryr{ ]4TEACK14TE

HAPoIH

14

Cb 50

P14

Auncama Ha LleHmpaAHo pbkoBogcmBo

Ha

6unaapckomo 06pasoBaHUe cb3gaBa HeManko

mpygHocmu Ha 6unaapckume yqumenu - yegHakBnBaHe Ha yve6Hama np0epaMa, opeaHu3aLluRma Ha yqunuqama u gp.3a ga ?u npeogoneflm, me opeaHu3upam y.{umencku cr6opu.
ilupBunm maku8 cu6op e cBukaH npe3 1868 a.
B Cma pa 3aaopa, BeponmHo no uges Ha n. P.
CnaBeuko8. l'1pe3 c^egBauume eoguHu cb6opu
ce npoBe>kgam pegoBHo, gBa numu eogutuHo no Konega u no BenukgeH, a mexHu gonnakuuu
ca zpagoBeme [a6poBo, flnoBguB, Pyce, Tynva,
KasaHntk u gp. 0m 18732. uHuLluamop Ha
cu6opume cmaBa EksapxuRma.

c6.

Kupu.a u Memoduti e llzoedue.

Hu ll (24)-ttcrir 1851 ,-. t?o trden ttu Huildert l-apor;
5t: utpc'Ko |no _t'Lt tt-l r| 14 e ri ll-t oedttc ()p,'u| t rt'trt pu 3u
llT'tp{ill llTtlll lllTlp,}K'AClll60, l?O('6elllCllO ll(l C8. (6.
Kuptt.t u Metttodtrit. Uttutlttutttu6urnu e ttoderltu
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Ha HCTOpH.{eCKa.' e3HKOBeAr{eCKa L\ Apyrr.rre 6anKaHcKr4 HapoAH v Aa creerHorpaQcxa paSora. Ha':uaqeH e v 3a qeJrur noAKperrara Ha BernKr4Te cvrvr.
HaA3r4parer Ha XepcoHcKara AyxoBHa
ceMVHapI4fl.

B Oaeca Par<oBcKH o6o5u aBa

orHTa cH Ha peBoJIFOUHOHep 14 CbCTaBf
cBoq flrper,r

rraH 3a ocBo6oxleHLte

Ernrapvfl c ocHoBHa KoHue[1il4n oSuro6rJrrapcKo BbcraHHe, Koero

6orarHre Aa noAKperflT c napn., y.{eHa

HI4Te CbC CBOIlTe nO3HaHVfl Vr BCVII{Kt{

6'strapr4 - c rreHara Ha )KHBora cv.

,,MeqoM ca 6rnrapuTe cBofl ceo6oAa

uzry6vilvrn N{eqoM raK Tpr6ea ra fl

ao6vrr!" - Bb3Krr4KBa rofi . Tazu KoHuefl uvrr cTaBa Kpafirruren KaMbK Ha

CrutnHcKr4Te BbcraH 14qecKr4 Aefi cr BHfl

rpfl6sa Aa ce pbKoBoArr or BoeHeH

ura5.

BTOPII TIIAH 3A
ocBOBO)KAEH14E
HA EbIfAP|.Ifl
3a Aa roArorB14 Srleurara peBorrorrt4r' rrpe3 1860 r. ParcoBcKt{ 3aMI{HaBa sa Eerrpa.q vr 3anoqBa v3raBaHero

Ha B. ,,,AynaBcKH reOeA". BecruHKbr

HarrnoHarHa rpn 6yua, a

6rp:o craBa
ParcoBcK t4

rrplr3Har peBonFounoHeH

BoAaq. B roBa BpeMe oTHorueH14flTa

Iezucrrru ottt lfqteu ft.ttupcKu .le?ufl
ce o6Y'106utrt 6 ctnPe.t6u.

T,r$rasafire, DpATff, NA opbxne, maAs Jl roAflft\o, 34

florora, DpaTfl, BeKe AA Tbpnlrl\
yrnere]ltn or rypcKATA gBepcKA
crBA tr
n 'nexK]r
rexKn yrnerelltn

NAuTATA .trHAA

ile3aBr,rct,rrr\ocr!
sr,rct,r,rocr!

csotoaa il

Oprauv3vpaHr Karo vtcrvrHcKa Bofi- f,f,

FF

rp

cKa, IefI,IcTI4Te Ce BbOpb)I(aBaT., HOCflT

yHr,rsopMlr,, c[a3BaT cTpofa AHcuHIIn vHa
t4 ce o6yuaBar B crpeJr6a c roMorqra
Ha cpb6crcrz BoeHHH HHcrpyKropn. Ho

Gr

fronxicrpoB
ocrpoB B olbn gananeil J{era nnnoi Ne rtutcu,
c
I BegI cKbnoqeruA xeprBA!
xeprsa! Jlena xrxoi ile qaKA or Apyntls AA ro
0AA or Nac aaa[ctt!" ]la ,r[oo]rB" m L C. Faxoicnr,r or I asl
I

c's6urvrra e Eerrpa4 B3r4Mar HeoqaKBaH

xoA vr re ronyLraBar 6ofiHoro crr KpbUeHHe. Ha 3 FoHH rypcKr4 BofrHr4Uu

Me)KAy Crp6ufl, vr TypUH n ce o6rqrar. B

rIorI3Ba Bpb3KHTe ckr

cTpeMe)Ka cv Aa H3BoroBa He3aBVcr4MocT

vr Aa ocBo6oAH cpr6cKHre fpaAoBe or

c BvrilHkr 6urapcKr{ TbpfoBrIV, KoHTo BHacfT rlrlr

y6uBar cprScxu

o6erqaBar Aa BHecar 3HaqHTerHrr cyMH

Bbopb)KeHH cxBarKr4.' Kol4To cKopo npe-

TypcKHTe fapHH3oHH KH,rr3 Mnxavr

3a nenoro.

O6penoBur{ Tbpcn rroMourra Ha ApyrI4Te

6alxaHcKn HapoA v, BT. rr. vr Ha6urapr4Te.

B reru

Paxoec KV yilass 6rarorrpn flTHara o6cra-

HoBKa kr rrpe3

l86l r. cbcraBr,

HoB

rrJraH 3a ocBo6o)r(AeHr,re Ha Burapvfl,

cropeA Kofrro B crpaHara rpn6Ba Aa ce
opfaHK3vpa Mpe)Ka oT peBonrorIHoHHH

KoMnrervr, a e Crp6ut - ronK or 1000

,,4o6pe mz6panw v oKbpBaBeHr4 B 6oir
nrcAr4 c ABa fopcKr4 Tofra, c 4 ro'yura w 4

tpr6u v c trBa xnpypra, v

100 KoHHHTIH".
IJ{orur rrJraMHe cpr6cKo-rypc Kara nofi ua,
rronKbr rpr6Ba Aa Hacrbrrp{ B Eurapkrfl

no 6Hroro Ha EanKaHa vr na BAr4rHe

HapoAa Ha BbcTaHVe. l1leflTa e B

yHHcoH c Ayxa Ha eroxara (npes wair

I 860 r. Enpon a cnetv cbc 3araeH Abx

[oxoAa I1.a,,xvtIrfl,trar a" rapu'al!.uit\vt

KbM Cuuulvrfl). llp, HacrbrrJreHnero
cr4 rroJrKbr rpx6na raoBnaAee crparern-

or

flTa ce 3ar vcBar Ao6poBonull

BcHrrKr{ 6rnrapcKn 3eMvr, eMvrrpaHTI,I.,

cryAeHrkr B uyx6nHa Karo Bacvtr ApyMeB n lurvtr4TTp llaeroBvtrr, xaittyrr4 kr

nofrno4n Karo l,{lso MapKoB,, Xpncro
MaxeAoHcKr{ vr Cre$ar KapaA)Ka.

Mex4y I vt 5 arrpnn B Benrpa4 rprrcTnra v Bacnn Irlnanos KyH.ren, 6rleulprqr fescxH. Ieruqra Aocrura 500600 Aylxr{, Ho Aaneq He BcvrqKH A06poBonuH yctlfBaT ila ce BKJrroqaT.
Cpr6cKoro ilpaBvrreJrcrBo ce oracrBa

oT Me)KAyHapoAH14

ycno)KH eHr4fl,,,

cnyqafi qe ce cr6epe roJrflMa soficKoBa

e4zHnua. Aoper ro-roJr flMara qacr or

nerr{cTnTe Haqeno c l4nro Maprcon ca
I43rIpareHH n KparyeBau. llpn ParcoecKr4
e Eerrpaa ocraBar 100- 120 6ofiqn.

MJraAe >K14.

pacrBar B cpalKeH]d'. Ha 5 roHH rypcKaTa apTKrepvfl [oAJIafa fpaAa Ha

o6crper. EtnrapcKtlre JIentcrl,t cMero
Brv.:,ar B ofbH fl Ha crpaHara Ha cbp6HTe

rrpoflBrBar foJrflMa xpa6pocr B HailxrorHTe 6oeee rpH Bapou Kailprf LI

rrpn BaftpaKJrH AXaM vfl vr cH cneqerBar
tIpLr3HaTenHocTTa Ha MecTHHTe
)KHTeJrH. KOn0nrKrr,T e ilpeKpareH
cneA HaMecaTa Ha Berr4Kr{Te cvrL|.,
a C"p6us e rplrHyAeHa tra pa3rrycHe
.rYxAVTe BOe HH]|1- QOpMr,rpOBaHVfl
PaxoecKu He ycfl rBa tra c [acrr Jrerr4 rra
v tra n Lr3TefJIV AO TypCKaTa fpaHvr\a vt
rfl e pa3rypeHa. Tofi paz6mpa, Lre SalxaHcKr4flT HaUr4OHarrkr3bM e npefpaAa
npel o6elr,rHeHr,{re AeficrBt4fl cpeuy
.

o6ulr4fl Bpar. OqarcBaHoro BbcraHr4e

OTJIOXEHO.

qecKnTe rryHKToBe, Al 3aTBopH frbTHulaTa 3a rrorur4Te v cnex KaTo crr4fHe

B TrpHoBo - La rpoBb3rJr ackr ocBo6oxAeHr4ero Ha Bu r apr4fl . r{ncleHo crra

rpr6na Aa AocTHrHe
500 000 rlutu, or Kouro 100 000 c
fryrxKn. TaxrvKara HM rp s6sa la 6rle
raprrr3aHcKa. a SoriHtrre leficrBnfl tra
ce pbKoBo-lrr or fJaBeH Bot"{BoIa.
Ha BbcraHHuHTe

ro

TIPHBPE }IE H HO

EbJIAPCKO

HATIAICTBO.
TIbPBA EbIIAPCKA TEfVTfl
Haqelo Ha BbcraHrrero rpr6ea na
3acraHe,,flpnBpeNreHHo SlrrapcKo
HaqarcrBo", Koero PatoBCKII cb3AaBa
npe3 rrponerra Ha 1862 r.. a ilpe3 roHH
Il3forBfl H HefoBr4r ycTaB - ..lllaryr".

llpe4ceAaren Ha roBa peBo"rFourroHHo

[paBHTeJrcrBo craBa rori, c npbB rroMourHrrK LIsaH Kaca6oe v LrJeHoBe A-p Paurxo flerpon, furvnrbp flaero-

Br,rq, Caura ZsaHoBHr{ v Z.saH fpyroe.

YcraBbr ro yrBbp)KAaBa 3a rJraBeH
6urapcKn nofieoAa kr npeAcraBnTeJr

Ha Er ilrapvrfl upe.q qy)KAHre Abp)KaBpr.

C pasperreHuero Ha cpb6crcoro rpaBureJrcrBo rrpe3 Mapr - arpnn 1862 r.

ParcoBcKr4 3arroqBa v Qop* vrpaHero
Ha llrpna 6rnrapcKa Jrernfl, Ko.f,ro
crropeA 3aMracbna My rp s6sa ra 6rle
flAporo Ha 6rleunfl rronK. PasrupHura
e Marrla6sa pa6ora 3a rua6upaHe Ha
cpeAcrBa. ,,Hapo p.HHflT eofiso p.a" r43-

Bacun IIesHoe Kyuvee npecKsqs npu

Q uz uvecKa

ynp

aJtcH

eH

u nonyqaBg uMemo cu
1r: 'tit

'"

\i. !.

'\'\

un w

up o K mp s

- Jfencrcu.

3anoq Bar

BTOPA EbATAPCI(A AETH'

56

Hafr-e ax<Hr4sr pe3y

rar or rrpefoBopuTe

Ha

Ao6poAerenHara

AplrxsHa cbc cpr6cr<oro npaBHTeACTBo 6:g^rt cb3AaBaHero Ha

Bropa 6rnrapcKa Aerarr e BenrpaA. CneA HacrosBaHn:rra Ha
6tnrapcKaTe eMHrpaHT:,z^, :r.ait-r,eqe re3z e O4,eca, pycr(oro

rpaBnTencrBo npeAocraBano Heo6xIA;z'MHTe cpeACTBa

14 opb)Kze. Oxono 200-re 4o6poBonqu 3anoqHatkr Aa ce
cr6lzpar B Benrpa4 or cerreMBpn 1867 r. Cp.a rsx 6uttu
Bacptn Aeecxut 14 H3Tefn:z^tr4Te ce B Crp6un r{erHHqH Ha

flanafror XzroB H ^tttt:,z.r' Tomo. BonurHHCTBoro or AeTHCTHTe

ce o6yuaBalrr4 e 6enrpaAcKara BoeHHa aKaAeMHfl,, HapeqeHa
AprHnepafrcra rur(ona. Te H3yr{aBalvr BoeHHr4Te HayK;z-,
cna3Balra AlzCr\wrrAHHa Karo peAoBHH eofrrrHr1H, a rexHz
nperoAaBarez\H 6wtu BlE.OuJ}r o$zqepv, Ho cneA cMbpTTa Ha
PaKoe cKr4 H.aMa,rr4 Aocrarbr{Ho aBTopHTerHo rronaTar{ecKo

Bropara 6rnrapcKa Aefns, Kar(To a lltpeara,

craHal a r43LvrTTTHa, cAeA Karo cptficxo-Typc K1g^flT xoHSnHKT
6vttt ypeAeH ilo AHrIAoMarHr{ecKH rrbr u TypqHx H3Ternvrua
fapHH3oHHTe cH or cpt6cxvrre fpaAoBe. Ho 3a Aa He BnH3a B
xoH$nrzKT c Pycaa, Kosro [peAoc'TaBHAa cpeAcTBara, Crp6us
He 3aKpana nefn:rra ronKoBa p.rr3Ko, KoAKoro B 1862 r. Bnnn
cG3AaAeHH HeHOpMaAHH yCnOBHfl 3a CbrqeCTByBaHeTO tr vr
rpe3 arpnn 1868 r. Ts ce caMopa3rycHana.
pbr(oBoACTBo.

,,fIPI4BPEMEHEH 3AKOH 3A
HAPOAHIITE IOPCKI{ [IETI4"
llpes eceHra
KbAero c

Ha 1863 n PaxoBcKI{ ce ycraHoBnBa n Eyrcypeu,

n3KJrroqeHnf ocraBa Ao Kpafl Ha )KvrBora cu.

C6nuxaBa ce c pyMbHcKVfl KHfl3 Kysa, Ho cneA rrpeBpar rofi e
cBiureH or rrpecroJra. PaxoecKu paz6upa, qe 6rnrapuTe Mo)Ke

ra
O fezucn, orrt llapeu fiunzapcKa ilezrffi. OnttuvumeTeH 3HaK HCI .TeAtctnttn?e
otn
@

lltpnuntu -7eaffi e.t7r6qenrc Ho KcLlnerput?e,

Iezuctrt om Bntopa hanzapcKo

cfitr'tt?tt.7o Bbpxtl nn'pcKo 3Ha)te.

,ryezun 6 cpadcr<ct e?epcKa

ynutpopna,

uodet I86I
,,

MuHtt

"

?. Ie:tt('ttutme co sbopblceHu ct'c' 17,8-:nt Kan('t-rHa nvruKa

(llenrporsttu-@peuKont), o6pcrse4 1 849/l 856 z.

I0EP0IETEAHATA [p]Dr04HA Ur 0[ECK0T0 sbArAPCKo HACT0flTEACTB0

YcnopegHo c ge[Hocmma Ha PakoBcku ce pasg8u>kBa u eMuepaqunma BUB
Bnauko u Pycufl, cpeg konmo cuneH oms8yk HaMupa npeepynup8aHemo Ha
Benukume cunu u BuscmaHoBnBaHemo aBmopumema Ha Pycun. AkmuBusupa

ce kprabm egpu mbp?o8qu om Syky

ma gpy)kuHa (Enumponun). HeUHama
BHyueHunma Ha flemep6ypa. flpes
Cup6un u Suneapun ga o6pasyBam
ma3u Hacoka 3anoq8am ga pabomnm u ogeckume eMuepaHmu, epynupaHu
okono 0geckomo 6rnaapcko HacmonmencmBo (05H). l8eme opeaHu3aLluu
u3pa6om8am cr8nnecmHo,,flpoepaMa 3a nonumuqecku omHotueHufl Ha
crp6o-6b^?apume (6uneapo-crp6ume)..." u fl ogo6pnBam Ha crbpaHue B
Eykypeul. Soaamuflm mbpeoBeq MapuHrro EeHnu e u3npameH B Eun?apun
ga ocHo8aBa konnumemu.0mnyckam ce cpegcm8a u 3a qemume Ha flaHa[om
XumoB u Ounun Tomp. llobpogeme^Hama gpy)kuHa ce cnopasynnnBa u cbc
cpr6ckomo npa8umencmBo sa SopnnupaHemo Ha Bmopa 6rnaapcka Aeeuff.
Ho ckopo pyckama nonumuka cMeHn kypca cu u 3anoqBa ga mo^epupa
Typqun, a !o6pogemeAHama gpy)kuHa npeg Aa?a npoekm sa 6unaapo-mypcka
grp>ka8a. B kpan Ha 60-me eoguHu mn usvepnBa no^umuqeckun cu kpe-gum
u cnu3a om nonumu.{eckama clleHa. llonunBaqa ponfl B koncepBamuBHun
LleHmbp Ha eMu?paqunma u?pae 06H. npee 1858 a. pyckume Bnacmu My
gaBam cmamym Ha bnaaomBopumenHa opeaHu3auun.Ho sa pa3nuka om
gppkuHama mr nogkpenn npomecmume Ha PakoBcku cpeuy!3cenBaHemo
ia bunaapu B l0>kna Pycun u ce o6nBnBa npomuB gyanu3Ma c Typqun.

TsUK
flpes 1866 a. B Eykypeq e ocHoBaH TaeH 6unaapcku LleHmpa^eH konnumem.
Aubepanume B PyrvrrHun mbpcnm koHmakm c l/BaH Kacabo8 - cekpemapr Ha
Pako8cku, u ce cnopa3ynnn8am sa o6pasyBaHe Ha ,,c8eqeHa koanuLlufl" nne>kgy
6tnaapu u pyMbHtlu, koRmo ga y.{pegu mailHu kouumemu B Cup6un u PynnuHun.
flpes okmonnBpu 1867 a. Kaca6o8 sano,{Ba ga u3ga8a B.,,He3a8ucuMocm", HO
,,cBerueHama koanuqufl" ce pa3naga oqe npegu ga 6uge cb3gageHa. flpes
Bmopufl cu no^umuqecku nepuog TEUK usgaBa bpotuypama Ha fiaHgenu
KucuruoB,,Suneapun npeg EBpona" u u3npaqa MeMoap go cynmaHa 3a
cb3ga8aue Ha 6unaapo-mypcka gyanucmuqHa MoHapxun. llopu MoAu 3a
nogkpena B moBa HaquHaHue HanoneoH lll. Ho TEUK ce BtsnpueMa om
eMuepaquflma kamo aHmupycka opeaHu3aqufl u ckopo ce pa3naga.

Ma^rrKH

pa3quTar caMo na co6crBeHr4Te cr{ cvilv. Tofi He pr3ocraBfl

lrt

rrAeflTa 3a SatKaHcKa cortlAapHocr, Ho

ce nocBeruaBa Ha cb3laBaHero Ha forflNra peBorrourroHHa eoricKa. KoflTo ra
rr3BoFoBa B orKprrr Sori StrrapcKara

cBoSola. trlznor3eatirctt uerI.ifl cIl

orpoMeH ornr, B Hallaroro Ha 1867 r.
fI p n B p e M e H e H
P a rco B c K r.r I 3 ror B fl
I

.,,,

3aKOH 3a HapOIHl.lre fopcKH LIerH 3a

1867-o rero", rcotiro npeABLI)KAa QopNrrrpaHeTo Ha HeaHfa)KL{paHa c LIy)KAI'I
ctlrr{ HauHoHarHa LIeTHL{qecKa apMHfl
noA KoMaHABaHero Ha rraBeH eofieoAa.
flolnrr4lrecKoro pbKoBoACTBo Ha peBorrour,rrra ce floeMa or BrpxoBHo HapoAHo 6'strapcKo rafiuo rpa)KAaHcKo Ha-

LrarcrBo. I,l:rpaxlairrct'r coScrBeHrl

Bbopb)r(eHrr crrrrr.' peBorroulloHHoro
ABr,riKeHrre He rpfl5ea Aa n3[aAa B 3aBLI-

cH\rocT oT r{yiKILI npaBIITercrBa II

cryLlat"JHII oScrotreJICTBa. a Llernre Aa

craHar opbAIIe Ha qy)Kra rorurttKa. Ho

Ber rr KrIflT 5tn rapu H He yc n nBa ra 3aBbprrnr reroro cu II yN,rlpa ua 9 oKToN{Bprr 1867 r. cneA re)KKo SoreAyBaHe or
rySepKyrro3a.

Eoiluottto tipbu(eItue tIu llt'peu

6t-ttultcKu.Teiun G 6utttKutrru
Bttltottt Kututtt

ttptt

F.

Bettpttd.

;i.'-'-"-'

57

58

TIETIITE B ETJIIAPTTfl

q
B dytcypgIuKl{fl peBoJrK}rrroHeH qeHTbp oKoJro f. C. ParoBcKH ce rpyrrt,rpar llaHafior Xnron, @ulun Torro,
Xpucro M_arceAoHcrcn, Xa4xn {nu_urrp, CreQaH Kapa4xa r.r Apyrlr nofisolr rr xbrrroBe. Ha 5 aupn;r 1867 n
llaHafior Xnron HacroflBa npea o6uo cr6panne n Eyxypeq 3a BbopblraBaHe sa 44 qerr.r or no25 Ayrrr[.
NAHA]4OT X]4TOB

PogeH npe3 1830a. B CnuBeH, orue Ha 28eogutuHa Brspacm moU cmaBa xaImymuH
B qemama Ha leopau TpuHkuH. llBe eoguHu
no-krcHo, cneg cMbpmma My, e u36paH 3a

NbPBHTE TIETH

BouBoga Ha qemama u mfl cmaBa egHa om Hail-

akmuBHume B l0aou3moqHa Srnaapun. Ipu

Heeo xaugymyBam Xag>ku Ilurvrumbp, CmonH
flana30B u llngo Xenbo. flpe3 1864-1865 a. nog
Busgeilcm8uemo Ha pe8onolluoHHume ugeu
mo[ 3anoq8a ga ocMucAff ge[cm8uflma cu kamo
qacm om obtqoHaquoHanHomo ocBo6ogumenHo
gBu>keHue u noggbp>ka nucMoBHa Bpuska c [.

C. PakoBcku. [lpes 1864 a. cu6upa qemHuqu

cpeg 6rnaapume B KpaeyeBaq u 6enapag u ce
npex8rpnn B Sepko8cko u flupomcko. Cnopeg
nnaHa Ha PakoBcku, usno)keH B ,,flpuBpevreHeH
sakoH 3a HapogHume u eopcku qemu om 1867-o
Aemo" llaHailom Xumo8 e onpegeneH 3a ana8eH
6unaapcku BouBoga.

l.z,ur4repHzxo-

rpe3 1365 f
bo eofrBoAa.

r{erHHr{HTe ce yKpHBar rofi ro

AoMoBere cH, rofi B 3orpa$cxna

Torrc, a poAonro6uu or -flu6or, Crnneu,

Kapno6n uCrapa 3aropa HcKar cbrJracn-

ero Ha BofiBoAara Aa BIvrfHaT BbcTaHr{e.

Jluncara Ha opb)Kne v rrpeABapnTenHa
rroAforoBKa rpr4Hy)KAaBar Xnroe Aa

[Ictusitom Xumoe

qETATA HA TIAHATIOT
XI,ITOB
Cnel pea pa3HorJr acvfl rro Bbrrpoca
o6poAeren Hara Apy)r(HHa orrrycKa

cpeAcrBa 3a Bbopb)I(aBaHero Ha 3 qerl4

rroA o6Uoro KoMaHABaHe Ha flaHafror
Xnroe. llrpBara Haqeno cbc caMVfl
Hero, a Ap)rrure ABe - c eofiBoAH O.vtnun

Torro

14

Xenro 9epnen. Ycnoer4ero

Ha AppKr{Hara e

c rypuHre

14

Ia

re Aa He Bnra3ar e 6ofi
He BAHfar HapoAa Ha

BbcraHne. flo-rcbcHo qerHnrruTe

Ha

Xelro

OTKJIOHV HACTOfiqNBOTO HM HCKAHC.

IIETATA HA a-VTJIVITI TOTIO.

EI4TKATA TIPN C. BbPEOBKA

t{erara Ha @nJrnrr Torro B cbcraB oT

25 gy:urv,, c rrr4cap KoHcraHrr{H ZeaHoe
XaaxnraKoB 14 3HaMeHoceu HHKona
CrpanA)Kara ce ilpexBbpnr n Eurapvfl
rpn Cenuoe BMecro Ha 23 afipvil Ha 17 rvaft n e rocperrlHara or HrKonKo
qreHoBe Ha MecrHHfl KoMHTeT. Toea
3aKbcHeHrae rrpeAorrpeAenr crp.lara
n - Typrrnre Beqe ca pa3rpeBo)KeHn or
cBeAeHr4flTa,qe IIo crapa rrJraHHHa ce ABkr-

nofieoAa ce rpr{cbervrHflBar KbM

XuroeuTe, a rofi craBa rroABofieoAa
Ha o6e%HeHara qera B cbcraB or 30
roHarlr4. 3HanreHoceq e BacHr JIescKr4, a
ilrcap -I,'{LsaH KtpuroBcKn. Ha28 arpl4n

26 v^afi Torrosvre qerHplqn ca

1867

ilaHj'd B

rrerara rrpeMnHaBa lynana rcpair

TyrpaKaH, rrpeKocflBa f ennopMaHa,
Pasrpa4cKnrr n OcvraHrrinapcr<vrfl, t<pafi u
Ha 13 naafi .rlocrnra KorneHcKl{.g 6anxau.
Ha 28 rv:afi H3rpa)KAa Jrarep HaA CrHneu,

KbAero KbM Hefl ce npHcbe4uHflBar

oue 17 rc6poBonrrr4. llpeHe6pernafircu
HacraBJreHr{ rra Ha lo6poAerenHara
ApPKHHA

14

B CbOTBeTCTBI/.9 C [pOeKTHTe

Ha PaKoecKr4, rrpareHnrJur Ha flaHafior

Xprroe o6nxanrr ceJrlrq aTar{ rpe4rrpe)KnaBaT HaceneHneTo Aa ce foTBH 3a BbcTa-

Hue. Xertro 9epHer e r,r3npareH .qa

c qerara Ha Ourzn

ycraHoBr,r Bpb3Ka

xH XuroBara qera, r{ rro rreruTe i rprrna

cr4IrHa rrorepfl. B CnHrrIoB ca apecryBaHlz
qacT oT qIeHoBeTe Ha KoMI{TeTa, a Ha
fopara

TrpnoBcKo,

r{3HeHa-

llycrvn ilpvr c. Brp6onxa,

o6Kpb)KeHu or MHoroKpiIrHo

ar\fl fr4 Bpar llranasa Jrror

6ofirbpAu cpeilry rbpAn. frpnrxr fIytrIKH,

rrpeBb3xo)r(A

3BbHTflT flTaraHvt, AopH HflKorr 6srlr:apu

H Typrll/l Ce

6oprr fyrxa 3a fyrrra. tlacr

oT Heo[uTHr,rTe qeTHpII.Iu ce rroAAaBaT

Ha rlaHvrnula, Ho ,,xBbpKoButvtflT" Torrc
H3rrpa3Ba rryuKaTa cv B HaJrHTauI
TypquH, H3TerJUr ca6sra cv vr ce xBbpnt
n 6oq. Orcypa)KeHn, roHarlnre My cbrrlo ce
cpaxaBar xpa6po. Torro rocr4rra HrrKorKo
Ha[aAareJlr,r, ycrrrBa ga cu npo6ue rrbr r,r
ce ptsMbKBa c iracr or xopara clt.

H CAeA CpaX(eHVrs. C rOTepH Ce

orrern-rrr npe3 fpaHzr{ara.^ flpes
IB64 f. qerara n^a Kocra eofieoAa
Xraroe ce rpexBtpls B
H flnporcKo, HeAalerr

T
q ETATA HA
14

XAAlr(V tr.VLM r4TbP

CTE@AH KAPAT}KA

llpe:

868 r. e PyMbHr4q e o6pa3yBaHa

qerara Ha XaANra lunrr4Tbp vt CreQaH

KapaA)r(a c nrpo- 3aBbpHarr4re

ce rerr.rcrr4 or Bropa 6rnrapcKa
Jrervfl. Marepr{arHa roAKpena
oKa3Ba .,.,Ebr rapc Koro odurecrBo",
a eAHH or yqpe-trrrerrrre My' VsaH
KacaSos. cHelSlqea eofrBoAl4re

c ABa AoKyr\reHTa - ..Afpec

Ao
flocnaHl{unre Ha BeruKIITe cl4rr4 B

I-{apnrp?A" v *Menroap Ao cyJITaHa

or HMero Ha flpnepeN,reHHoro GnrapcKo npaBl,rreJrcrBo B EanKaHa", B

Kolrro ca 3acrbr-reHH rrAer{Te ua ParcoBcKrI

3a BbpxoBeH BbcTaHr4qecKr4 opfaH

rr

caMocToflTer HocT Ha peBorFor_lHoHHoro

ABI4)KeHI4e.

B ,,MeMoapa" ce

[oAr{ep-

TaBa, qe aKo cyJrlaH'br He AaAe ao6poBorHo cBoSola Ha 5rnrapr4Te., To

,,BC v..rKr4lr HapoA lue 6o.le .''trpnHyAeH

Aa 3axoBH opbll(Hero". ''Ctapr.fre" or

IoSpoAerer Hara Apyir(HHa v pycKr{re

A
Ett-,t t ctlt

cK

tt

u rl

Ha qerara e HaHeceH re)KbK yAap.

ara v ouereJr14Te qerHrr\vr
ce r43TerJrflT B Crapa [JraHr4Ha, Ho B
TpeBeH cKr4r 6atKaH rplr c. -f roeo
OTHOBO CA Ha[aAHaTId, a ilIdCapflT
KoncraHTHH XaexvnaKoB e 3aroBeH.
Xerbo eofrBoAa cbruo ron ala Ha
norepr 14 ce 3aBpbua nprr flaHafror
Xnros c re)KKH zary6vt. Ha 19 roru B
3larzru Kvrfl, 6arrcaH KbM Xr.rroe ar a qera
ce rpz cbervHr,Ba v @HrHn Torro. Ha
BofiBoA

2l ronn Tfl BoAn 6oi,t c rypur4re, r43rerJrfl

ce Ha 3arraA rro 6utoro Ha Crapa
n rpeMprHaBa n Crp 6ns, cJreA
or ouererrrre Torrosn
qeTHvluv 3aeAHo c Hefo ce oTTefrflT B
Pyvrrnvrfl. flolev3vre Ha rBere qeru
rJraHr{ Ha

ToBa [oBeqero

frpoH3BexAaT ofpoMHo BfrelraTreHrre, a

AyMara,,KoMvrra" (rconanTercKII vonerc)
3a[or{Ba tra ce Hocr4 0T vcTa Ha vcTa.
o14A14n ToTK)
Tomxr Togopo8 e pogeH e B nnaxana lupllume go c.
BoHeLua Boga, TupHoBcko. Cneg kamo mypLlume

My o6upam 6uBonuLlume, omuBa xaugymuH

SankaHa u ce c8rps8a c xopa om XumoBama qema.

Xa[gymy8a u npu Eo[.{o BouBoga.B 6umka npu c.

KopmeH e me>kko paHeH.3ano8eH, npecegnBa

Hnkonko Meceqa B cnuBeHcku 3aHgaH, 6nza u
omu8a B PyvrrHuR, krgemo npoMeHfl uMemo cu
Ha 0u^un Tomo. flpes 1866 ?. omHoBo 6pogu u3
TupnoBcko. Cneg qemHuqeckama akqun om 1867 z.
>ku8ee B 0geca. YqacmBa u B cpr6cko-mypckama
BouHa om 1876 z. Ynnupa npe3 1907 z.

lPyru

qETn nPE3 1867

[1pes np0^emma Ha c. z. CmeSaH Kapag>ka

cu6upa B OnmeHuqa irema om 68 roHaLlu. B TypHy

Muaynepe Bacu^ [aHqeB-flne8eH^unma u Togop
Ko8a,re8-Xog>kama nogeomBnm 35 qemHuuu, c

koumo ga npeMuHam flyuaBa npu ConnoBum,

H0 pyMbHckomo npaBumencmBo ocyemnBa
HaMepeHUemo uM. flpoBaneH e onumbm u Ha
50 6tnaapu 0m Uapuepag ga npeMUHam kamo
qema B 6unaapuF. KoMumembm B 6enapag
nog puko8ogcmBomo Ha Kapa8eno8 sanoq8a
ga Bep6yBa 6anzapcku gobpoBonqu B 3ailvap,

Ho cpeua cbnpomuBama Ha cpb6ckomo

npaBumeAcmBo, koemo ce onacnBa om
cSopMUpaHem0 Ha eoAFMa BoeHHa tlacm.
Bce nak Ha 2 onu 1861 z. qacm om qemama
npeMuHaBa npe3 Bpuruka vyka u ce HacoqBa

kunn Pako8ckun MaHacmup.Hukona Bou8ogo8 u

[Bnmko flaBnoBu.] cu6upam qema B PyvrbHufl, Ho

na 20 aBaycm Ha nbm sa PagyeBa q ca omkpumu
om mypqume Ha kopa6a ,,lepnnaHun" u 3aeuBam
B cpa>keHUe c mFX. tlemHuuume uM ocmaBam
6es Bogaq u ce pa3npbc8am.
t4 eBporeilcrclr Ar4nJroMarr4 ce o6sBflBar
[poTHB qeTaTa,, Ho [arpvroTvlrtHnfr
rropnB Ha Srnrapnre He Mo)I(e Aa 6rle
cnpflH. Cnel rbp)I(ecrBeHa KJIerBa [pLI

59

60

Cmetpau Kupaduca

CTEOAH

KAPMXA

CmeSaH Kapag>ka (Cme$aH TogopoB luuoB)

e pogeH Ha 11 nlrai 1840 a. B c. l/.{Me (gH. Cm.
Kapag>ko8o), f u6oncko. Y.{u B Tynva, H0 nopagu
Aunca Ha cpegcmBa Hanycka yqunuLue. flo

Y
Xsdiltu

Bpenne Ha cBam6a no6e>kgaBa npoqymun mypcku

6opeq [aasu flnuca. YkpuBa ce usBecmHo

Bpenne, npecneg8aH om mypqume, cneg koemo

eMuepupa B PyvruHufl, a nocne nocmun8a B

flrpBa 6unaapcka
B 5e^?pag. npes 1867
^e?un6rnaapcka
e. nocmbnBa BrB Bmopa
flpes
1868 ?., cAeg HeilHomo pa3nyckaHe,^eeun.
3aMuHaBa
sa PyuuHufl, krgemo ce cpeqa c Xag>ku luvrumbp.

xAlxr4

[14 M 14Tb P ACEH 0 B

PogeH Ha 10 rvrarl 1840 a. B CnuBeH,

mo[

cmaBa

xaugymuH otr1e npe3 1860 a. flpes 18622. e

3HaMeHoceq B qemama Ha flaHailom XumoB.
Cneg moBa eMuzpupa BtB Bnaurko u Bnusa B
Hail-6nuskun kpua Ha f. C. PakoBcku. flpes 18651867 ?. op?aHu3upa Hnkonko caMocmonmenHu
qemu. 3aau8a Ha 18 ronu 1868 B bumkama Ha
B

pux Sysnyg>ka.

or IyH aBcr<lrfl vt O lpuHcKnrr Bruraer, zglaH

froJrK or I-{apnrpal, v rapHn3oHnre or
CoSu.a, fhon4vrBu O4pnH. tlerHnuure ce

pyMbHcKoro c. llerpyrraH Ha 6 rcJru

1868 r eAHa or Hafi-roJrerunre 6rnrapcKn
qern crbrrBa sa 6'strapcKr,rfl 6prr flpn c.
Baplwvr n rrorerJur

rcbM

Banxasa.VzsecrHr4

ca r{MeHara Ha I27 Ayrxr4

yqacrHkrrJvr,,

or Cenepua Eurapvr, BKJrloqr4TenHo vr or Ao6pya)Ka - 63 -nra, or

or

KoHTo

or
6urapcKara eMr{rpary:afl B Pynrcnvr 2-va. Mexay rrx ca HeHo Mapr{HoB or
KapnoBcKo, Kocra ESrnvoB or fa6pono
u Cnupo AxepoB or EnroJIq, cpa)KaBalrvr
ce rroA 3HaMero Ha fapn6an1kr Ha o-B
Kprt, H3BecTHr4 KoMHTr4, Karo Xpncro
MaxeAoHcKr,r or Kyrcyru, Xp. ApsnoBcKr4
or IprHoBo, Cr. OperuKoB n Xp. flerpon
or c. UInnxa. lnanaara eofieoAn ca 28foAHrxHV, a qeTHr,rqr{Te IIpeAcTaBJrflBaT
uBera Ha 6rlrapcKara peBonrout{oHHa
TpaxH-a

53-ua, or MaKeAoHHrr

14

Mnane)K.

EORHVIflT TIbT HA TIETATA

B JIo3flTa xpafi c. KapazceH LIerHI4rlnre BrIH3ar e 6ofi c ryplrl{re u o6cunBaHId OT KypIXyMV, CTpenflT rIO T.flX
rpocrHo. Kapa4)Kara ce 6ue Karo JIbB,
Tr'{LLA OT

rro3n\Vrfl Ha rIO3VrIr4fl Aa Hagbp-

qaBa rcHauHTe cv. Ilorur qyBar 3oBa

3a HailareHne Ha 6rrrapcKara tpr6a,
6atuu6o3yur4Te Kpeuqr,,Mo cKoB-rflypy".
Eoqr [poAbJDraBarroBeqe or 5 qaca,KoraTo

Typqnre rony{aBar noAKperrneHnq. fIoA

rrpHKpHTHeTO Ha HOUITa qeTilra ygilflBA
tra ce r43MbKHe KbM EarrcaHa. llo-nararbK
BoAH cpa)KeHnr n KaparrerpoBura Kopr{r,
B MecrHocrra lrnrn Aon, 6rngo Ao Bqra

r{epxnd,v

ropara KaurbAepe e EarxaHa.

Typurre rocraBflr sa 6oi,tHa Hora qacrvr

cpa)KaBar caMooTBep)KeHo v 4aBur cKbrrH

x(eprBra. Oco6eno KbpBaBa e 6urKara rrpr4
KaumAepe. Brrrapnre or6nrcBar He
eAHH TypcKlr ropyru, Ho CreSaH Kapa4xa
e paHeH v 3aroBeH. OrrcapaH B Trpuono,
rocJre n Pyce, yMkrpa 0T pauarrecw,
MbpT"bB

e KaqeH Ha 6ecwtoTo.

Te*

x(epTBH, fJraAbT vI )K

irs tS

uuutrru'p

a
rJraBope3. Vcnerr4Te

pa3AeJur Ha rpvr
rpynn, KoHTo c r(oopAuHr,rpaHv teficrBt4fl

cr,rJruTe Ha FoHauHTe. Te ce

rpnlea ga ce loSepar Ao BbpxoBere

3arroBeHr4

Ha

rraHHH ata v ra ce Hacoqar KbM Ey:nye)Ka.

TpueacernHa oT Tflx, BoAeHr4 or XaAxH
Auvnrbp, ycrrflBar ra ce 4o6epar Ao
Bbpxa, KbAero or ABe crpaHH fH Hana&ar
roBeqe or 700 Ayur 14 - peAoBHa eofrcxa

vzSutvt

t{erHHur,rre 3arr.IBar cbc c\tbl)TTu

Ha fepo[,r, Ho ce npeBpbuar B .le[eH]4.

Tarca rrpr{KrroqBa oue e-fuH eran

or oBo6oeHTerHoro ABIIxeHIIe HL-l
Srrrapnre. CtslaBar ce npernocraBKr
3a ocMHcJIflHe V OfIpeAerflHe Ha

HC C Xfl,IB. .]ONbJHIITCIHO 3AKOIBAT BCqC

MbpTBr4Te rr\r reJa.

ABI4lieH

HOBI,I NbTHUIA HA PEBOIFOUTIOHHT]TI)

\*y

\r,.,

.4 \/jrqi,.

,,Eparn sanrapn! TernnnArA, nprqn-

Enrrcura e orqarHa. Ao nocneAHa

NeNn oT

TvpcKoTo npABllTeAcTBo, CTANAXA

Beqe NecNocNH J.,lnrua Apyfo cnAceNne,

ocBeN AA CTANem n C Opb)l(He B pbKA

AA AHpHm CBOHTe npABA tI GBODOAH

He NAAtrBAnre ce NHKomv AA RorlRe

UerH Tprr qaca 3aAbp)I(aT Bp

floeeqero LrerHnurr yMVpaT c

I4g.:.

KanKa I(pbB. Etnrapvre cBbptuBa

KypuryMHTe 14 cTpeItT caMo KofaTo c
crrfypHl,t B flonaAeHHeTo, Ho Bbnpe
BCHL{KO

ca

ca apecTyBaHH.' MbLIeHH 14 npaTeHI,t Ha

3aroqeHrre v flvap6ercup. Koraro rypunre
ce loOIIpaT .fo 3a[IrITaBaHHTe no3n:]Mvr,
oT cTpax HflKol"r or LTeTHHuHTe Bce naK Aa

rr 6auu5o3yur4re Ha rraBope3a Kypruy

OcH,raH.

14

orcrbnflT

^a or o)KHBeJII4Te
HqKoH

Br{K

AA

Bl4 OCBODOAh,

CeAnqil CbC

pnqe! l{e cnvuanre

NHLrhl4

C|bNATH

cbBern,

cAft\o tI cA&\o NAAexAATA BH AA sbAe

ocNoBANA NA BAlrHTe rcNAqNh pbue,

re

cA HcrhNcKhffT n BepNHnr
Br4 npilsTe(\ u no(\\srqNilK, KoHTo ue BH
noft\ofNe h H3DABlr Eparn, 3AATorpnBHFT
3Arqoro

AbB peBe H3 EannaHa n NH shKa! l{er<a

BCHtlKh AA Ce npilTeqeft\ noA NeroBlltl
npflnopeq n cbrAAcNo
H3BHKAft\e: Csooona
,,fiponnArt\Ar-Uln

Ao Db
or XaRxn flnnurmp

pAsnpocrpaNeNA

AA}|(A
s-

,*,-.-.#

i.r

? ii:.
JI\'

EE-

.trs

CpauceHuemo Ha.lentumr ttct .\'ttr)tt'

[unumbp u CmeQuu Knpuo,wtt

mypqume npa Kautadepe.

It
L

-:

6l

- HOB ETAII B HAIII,IOHAIHOo cBoEoAr,rTErHoro ABTDKEHnE

62 RACILJTJIEBCKM

Ha cuenara na 6op6ara Ha 6rnrapure cpeuy ocMaHcKoro podcrno ce u3BucqBa ro3rr, rcofiro ue 3anu[re
rrMeTo crr B rrcTop[qTa uM KaTo neHuaJIeH I{AeoJroIj opraHu3aTop rr pbKoBoAlTeJr Ha HauuoHaJrHaTa
peBoJrroq[fl c rleJr cb3AaBaHe Ha 6rnrapcKa qlrcra u cBqra peny6;runa.
I43PACTBAHETO HA
BACl4A AEBCKl4
Bacun 14BaHoB KyH,reB e pogeH Ha 6 nnu 1837 z.
PEBOJITOIIHOHEPA
Cnel pa3rycKaHero Ha Bropa 6rn- B Kapno8o B saHanmquricko ceMeilcmBo. Ha 14?oguuHa Brspacm saay6Ba 6aula cu u cmaBa
rapcKa refnr rropaAn Te)KKo ga6orsBaHe
nocnyruHuk Ha Byilqo cu Bacunuri, xuneHgapcku
IescKr,r rpecroqBa B 3afiuap. Tofi Bce MoHax, koumo rrny o6eqaBa g a ?,o u3npamu Ha
oue cMqra, He 6rleuoro BbcraHre yqeHue B Pycun, Ho He ygup>ka o6eulaHuemo cu u
e Bb3Mo)KHo ra ce rroArorBn 6rpso, cneg mpume omgeneHun B Kapno8ckomo BsauMHo
MAa g unm B a c uA yt{ u B Cma p03aeopc komo
cbc cbqeraHln AeficrBlafl Bbrpe v BbH yr{ unu rueytlunuu1e
knacHo
u B uko^ama 3a cBeqeHuqu. Ha
or cTpaHara, Karo ocHoBHara re)Kecr Z4-zogur,uHa Brspacm
npueMa MoHaruecmBo u
qernre.
B cbuloro BpeMe cma8a gnkoH nog uMemo J/aHamuil, Ho HagapeH c
rraAHe Bbpxy
rroAnafa Ha paBHocMeTKa HarpyilaHnfl gunbok yM u cnoco6Hocmu ga Ha6nrogaBa, xBrpnn
rrpe3 1867-1868 r. peBonrouuoHeH pacomo u ce nocBeqaBa Ha omeqecmBomo cu.
Koaamo npes 862 z. go Heeo gocmueam anenume
orrnT 14 Tbpcv IIpvqvHHTe 3a Heycrexa Ha [. C. PakoBcku, mou saMUHaBa sa 6enapag, 3a
qe
6rnrapvre rpt6ea ga ce Bknroqu B flrpBa 6rnaapcka
My. V6exaaBa ce,
Io Bpe^eeun.
eguH mpan
ra pa3qvrar caMo Ha ce6e cv 3a cBoero Me Ha BoeHHomo obyveHue npeckala
oceo6o)KtreHl4e v ta He ce HanflBar Ha ,,kamo nbB" u nonyr{aBa uMemo, c koemo ocmaBa
cpr6cKa noMoul vr Ha BbHITIHV cvnn, ee B ucmopunma - Ae8cku. Yqacm8a u B 6oe8eme
3a Senapagckama kpenocm. Cneg pa3nyccaMo Koraro ca roroBn aa 6op 6a, rpn6ea kaHemo Ha Aeeunma npe3 nponemma Ha 1863 a.
Aa rbpcflr o6utH l,eiacrBvrfl c Apyrn yqumencmBa gBe aoguHu B Kapno8o u 3annuHaBa
crpaHn. y Hero 3aroqBar La cb3pflBar sa flu,3a ga mbpcu Bprska c Pako8cku. Ipes
vAevre 3a opfaHn3vrpaHe Ha HapoAa rlo 1867 e. nocmrn8a kamo 3HaMeHoceq B qemama
Ha IaHailom Xumo8, a Ha cnegHama eoguHa
rpaAoBe H ceJr a v oilpeAext fircw Mqcroro
omHo8o o6nuqa AeeuoHepckama yHUSopMa.
cr4 B 6op5ar a, 3afl,BrBa B [HcMoro cH Ao
Cneg pa3nyckaHemo Ha Bmopama Aeaun AeBflalnaiaor XnroB: ,,AKo cneqerfl, rleqeJlt
cku e conugapeH c pa3or{apoBaHuemo Ha go63a rrqn HapoA, aKo zarydn, ry6r_ caMo po8onqume om HeuckpeHama cpr6cka nonumuka kunn ocBo6ogumeAHomo gBu>keHue Ha
MeHe cr4." llpe: aBrycr 1868 r JIeecKh
6unaapume.
3aM r4HaBa 3a Pyvrrnnr v c[eqeJlBa 3a
cBovTe HaMepeHVfl peBonrouHoHHo ocBo6oar4TeJrHoro Aeno or rrocneAHacTpoeHaTa eMHfpa\nfl,, KoflTo tlpne- HHTe ABe roAr4Hkr. Tanr 3aBbp3Ba v
Ma v[evTe My KaTo fIpoAbJI)KeHI4e Ha rrpnflTeJrcrBoro cH c Xpncro Eores.
1

3:il:l:l;:::nH:ili:i::'Biffi

x,"J:",;llBlulJ;n''un'

f,crrocl {a Bacsr TleBcxI C0n]mrnee 0rqan zrng actrv I cs 0l Vaslt Levslil

fl6ps3 o6rronxa 106 l2 1363 :j 02 1869t Frtst lOuf arolnd lhe rolnlry 6 D:c 1863
Eropi 06ilroria tol 05 26 08 1869t Sccond tour 1 llit
26 Auq 1369
Tpera o6rxonxa (2;05 16,0 l9 0: l67l)
Thrrd tour 2; l\lay l8i0
19 Feb 18i1
Llersbprd 0iin(onha ti0 02 16;1 13 0J l8;?t
Founh l0ur 20 Fcb 18;l
13 Apfll l8;2

--- fleta oorxonxa t01 0; 23 1: 18;2t

trllh

lour 01 J!l\

HATIAIO HA
oP|AHI43AIII4.flTA

IeecrcLr HaMr,rpa rroAKperta v cpe,q

Aefirrrare or,,EbrrapcKoro o6utecrBo"
H C rexHH CpeACTBa rpeArrpneMa rlbpBa-

Ta cv o6uKoJrKa Ha Errrapvfl.

Or

II

AeKeMBpr{ 1868 r. Ao 24 Qerpyapv

1869 r. roceulaBa llepyruvrJa, fhoenvB, KapJroBo, Conot, KagaHJrbK,
ClvtBeH, TrpHoBo, IIoBeH, fIneBeH vr
Hnronon, cpeua ce cbc cbMr4rrrneHnun

Ptgonnulorqa

Bscun Ieecxu

I Feb lt69

23 Oec 18i2

14

o6uaAe)r(AeH

or

peBonrorrnoHHoro

6poxeHr4e rro 6rnrapcKuTe 3eMr4, ce

Bpbua B Eyrcypeu, 3z Aa 3arro3Hae

a1nTe" (Vs. Kaca6oe, Teo$at
Pafinon, laruavr flonoe kr [p.) c o6craHoBKara. Cnel AByMeceqeH npecroil B
Ey*yperr1 Ha I rvrafi 1869 r. rpbrBa ro
,,MJr

uJru*

5JH
.
flpecnaa

fpaAoBere

v cenara Ha Po.qHHara

BTOpH frbT, C rrpoKnaMawfl

La

3a

or HMeTo

Ha llprBpeMeHHoro rpaBnreJrcrBo B
BanKaHa, or[eq araHa or l,{san Kaca-

jho8
o

6oe. Crs LaBa rrbpBnre KoM nreTr B

llreBeH, Ioeee, Tporu, KapnoBo,
flnoBA vB, flepyrrlnrlo, flasapA)K vK,
9upuaH, Crapa 3aropa n CrLr eeH v Ha

,ll

H-

o
M

-{i

26 asrycr 1869 r ce Bpbula n Eyxypeu.

EPUK u BampetaHsms peronruquoHHa
op?sHussqun e Eanzapun - BPO.
.JI7

robAe rrpr{Apy)KaBaH or Aoope r{3BecrHvrvr

yBDKaBAHV xopa. B TereBeH OruBa c M.

AIOEEH I(APABEAOB H EPUK

PoAen npe3 1834 f. B KonpzBtrlar{a
B 3aMox(Ho cevreficrBo, KapaBenoB

y.rz B poAHHs cLr fpaA, B O4pzn H

B flnoeAvrB. Ilpes 1857 f. e 4o6poBoAeH cnyrxarel B MocKoBcKHs
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oKa3Bar B6p>(y Hefo rol-frMo eteAeft-

crBue. 3aeAso c flpuxrKoB HanHCBa

crarn s.Ta ,C KaKBo Mo)Ke Aa ce
noMofHe Ha 6tnrapvre", B Kosro
HacTo.sBa 3a IIeHTpa/\Id3r4p AJJa pe BOArO -

qHoHHa opraHu3arrvrs. B Benrpa4 vr 3a

npno6ulaBaHe KbM oceo6oAaTenHoro

Aeno na ApyrHTe cnaB.rrHz. flpes 1867
f. ornBa e Beupa,q Karo KopecrroHAeHT
Ha ,,loAoc". I4sroHeH or Ctp 6vtz,
ce o3oBaBa B HoeH CaA, KbAero e
o6euueH B y6uircrBoro Ha cp66cxu:..

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c Typqlaa vr Hacro fl,Ba 3a cGro3 Ha
6anxaHCKHTe Hap oyvr ro rroAo 6ue
Ha lUeefiqapns.. flpes 1868 f . ce
ycraHoBsBa e Byrryperq Karo peAaKTop

Ha noAforBsH or f,o6poAerelHara

Apy)KHHa BecrHHK. CneA pa3puB cbc

,,craplaTe" ce c6nlt>raBa c ,,MnaAvrre"
w na 7 HoeMBpH 1869 f. 3arorrBa Aa
v34aBa B-K ,,Ceo6o Aa". flpes eceHTa

tlonnyKaHoB , Cana MnaAeHoB uBacvtt

ZoHxon, a B Erponone c H3BecrHvrfl
ror feoprn TyrvraHnKoe. B PyceHcKHn
KoMI{Ter or 1871 r eueprnrrHo AeficrBar

Anrer KrH.ren, Hnxola O6pereHoB,

Tovra Krpaxr{eB, feoprn ZroHoMoB,
I4tapmou lparocrr,rHoB vr Ap. B TrpHOBO HefOBH CbMr4rJrneHI'drtr4

14

Tpa Kkrfl. llo o6eKrHBHr4 npr{ vnAHI4

r43rpa)KAaHero il B MaxeA oHvrfl
ce orJlara, Ho CoS ui,tctr4flT

kr BpauaHcKnrr KoMr4Ter
noAAbp)KaT Bpb3KaTa
c MaKeAoHcKvrre 6rr,-

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B By^ypeul BPUK vr BeposrHo e
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,,Ceo6o Aa" craBa fler{areH optaH Ha
KoMHTera w rpu6yHa Ha 6rnfapcKara
peBonrorlnrr. (CnopeA MHoro HcropHrIH

BPUK e ocHoBaH na o6uloro cr6paHHe

rpe3 arrpan-trafi e Byrypeq.)

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He

trlUe He e I-OTOB 3a BbCTaHWe V

To rpqf-rei.r -te ce rrr-r-trtrrBrr fpn,l.-rlIBo or
H&prt-t-lbT

p e BOJ

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Ja ce flpeHece B cTpaHaTa. Hr] cpeua
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Bflpa B eBeHTyaJIHa qy/h-la no\lLlul.

YKPE TIBAH E VI PA3 PAC T BA

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1870 r. Ieecrcn Harrycxa Eyrcypeu., 3d
Aa rpeNrlrHe e Errrapr4fl v Aa 3aBbprur4
BeJTHKOTO Cn tretO. Ine fOAr{HV V3fpa)K-

Aa HOBr,r fpaAcKt{

v ceJrcKH KoMHTeTvr,

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s;1pa 14 BbBnvqaxvrilr4vtlrtrapv B opraHr43auhrflTa. HaecqKbAe ce crpeMH na

CA

Marefi llpeo6pa)KeHcrn-MurKanoro
14 Xpr4cro I1sauoB-fon eMV4 Kofiro
cTaBa nPe.qceAareJI Ha MecrHvrfl,
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vz1pan Xpncro CroqHoB. IeecKra He
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KaKTo 14 llanarropnule c oKonHr{Te
cena CtpeJrqa, llovt6peHe, MeqKa,
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Ha 1871 r. KoMr{rercKara Mpe)Ka e
yKperreHa B C esepHa Ern rapvfl

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sct dct utzpctttcdct
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e v3rparvn

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286 cpeAHH rbproBrrr{ vr 3aHaflTqkrvr, 196

yrrnTeilv,27 I cerrflHvr, 17 qnHoBHvrrrv,

7 eApr{ 6ypxoa, 15 qvparyz v xar$n,

cBeureH:aIJla kr MoHacv v MHoro

95

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My Ha nbrfl Me)KAy Cenepna v IONHa
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KbcHo - ,,EPIIK e EurapcKo". Heroe

rrpeAceAaren e caMH sr roit, a r{JreHoBe

ca Xp . I,{salnoe-fo rrel.r'nr, T. fleen

rrpeAc eAaren Ha E rpofroJrc Kvrfl, KoMr{Ter,

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Ha llneBeHc Kvrfl KoMnrer,

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v ApyfH
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64 Ho ceAaJrnruero Ha tIK He e B Hefi Hvrfl

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.

TogH KoMHTer e e1vrHcrBeH pbr(oBoAeH

opraH Ha BPO, 6es pa3peueHnero Ha
xofiro uHrcoil He Mo)Ke Aa rpeArpr4eMe
KaKBoro v tra 5rano. Ieecrcv nopbr{ Ba vl
neqar Ha opf aHn3aur4fr a.

, ,oeTaBH 6es [poAoBoncrBr{e. BcHr{KC

TOB-a IIIe rIo3BonH Ha BbCTaHI4III,ITe .la

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Crc

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cb3raBaHero Ha BPO IIeecrcH

Aocrvra Bbpxa Ha 6rrrapcKoro

ocBo6oenTerHo Aero v ce 3aeMa ta

'

v3pa6oru HeroBara v1pfisa rrrarSopva v 3aAbn)Kr4TeJreH 3a BcHr{Kr4

OBEALIHEHI{ETO HA

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n JIeecrH pa3rpaqa llpoexrr-\-

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1872

v cBflTa

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KoflTo ue vwa ceoSoAa Ha MHcbJITa 14
CJIOBOTO, Ha neqara v opfaHl'{3arlnflTa,
a Apyrnre HapoAHocrr4 HflMa Aa Srlar
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v 3aAbrxeHnflTa

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14

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cb3A

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Ha IlK, Hepa3peueHoro orBapflHe Ha

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qreHoBere Ha KoMHTerr4Te rpr 6sa tra
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ce rrpr46rp:na., rpeA:.a tra

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HacereHo Mflcro. Tp n6ea Aa ce Bbopb)r(H

peBorForIHoHHa apMVn
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or

ta 6rle oSyueHa

or

100 000

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Ha qy)KAa rroMoul ,,ilpeAn caMIdqKI'I Aa
I{3TbIICM TIJIATHOTO.. , Cd CTIOAE II[,HT4 V

BCe OUIe HeVrcflCHeHtr O6CrOflTenCTBa.

OrxapaH e e Jloeeq, rIocJIe B TspHoBo I4 B

oT N{HO|O Bbrpe[rHH peBonrcuuoHHH

CoSnr, KbAero

lefiiryt v

c rpyrlara Ha fiurvlrrbp

My

KoMr,rr erkr. [annoBI{AHo

crra

KpHTHqeH MOMeHT CTaBa OIqe

flllo-oqeBr{Il{a, Karo ce B3eMe rIpeABIdI,,
B TO3H

qe cneA pa3KpHBaHero Ha BPO

nocraHHrlr{Te Ha 3ana4Hr4Te Abp)KaBr4
rrpeAnafaT ua BHcoKara rropTa BoeHHa
rroMoul cpeuy eBeHryanHo 6urapcKo
BbcraHHe. IescrcH 6rpza ga ce BbpHe
B Ey*ypeu kr MHHaBa rrpe3 Jloeeq. Ha
25 AeKeMBpH 1872 r. He ycrrnBa ra ce
cpeuHe c rpeAceAareJrt

cr

rvrvrre

e AaAeH Ha

crra

3aeAHo

O6Ir-1n.

IescKH Mb)Ke crBeHo

lIp.A

3aIrII{T aBa

vcropvuecKnre rlpaBa Ha 6rnrapvre

vr e

ocbAeH Ha cMbpr. Ha 6 ( 19) Setpyapkl

1873 r. BeJrvKr4rr cvH Ha Eurapvrfl e
o6eceH B oKoJrHocrHTe Ha Co$ur.

Cnrcprra My rIpeAH3BHKBa lrn6oKa Kpr{34 B HAeOnOfI4qeCKaTa, froJrHTHqecKaTa n opraH v3arrvroHHara o6racr

Ha 6urapcKoro HarrnoHaJrHopeBonrorIr{oHHo ABI{)KeHHe.

yAAPbT HA AEMOPATTT3Aul{^flTA.
3ATABflHETO I4 IVIEEITA
HA ATIOCTOIA
flrpBrr noMoruHr4rrr4 Ha JlencKn
ca Anrer KrnqeB v t.wN{r{rbp
O6rrIH. BropvflT 3arroqBa

V
OdecesHenro Ho

Bscun feecxu

AA OCnOpBa BnaCTTa My
vr Aa cee pa3Aop Me)KAy
KoMnTerprre . EwtHcrBoro
e pa3Kone6aHo. Ha 22 cerreMBpH I872 r. BbrrpeKn
za6paHara Ha Anocrona
O6rrIH opraH vr3vpa o6up
Ha TypcKaTa rroula B rrpoxoAa ApalaKoHaK. flonn\nflTa IIoIIala B creAr4Te
My vr apecTyBa r1 Hefo'
v Apyraprrre \ry. 3a .fa
rrpeAcraBfr xpe.t cBeTA trENOTO CII KATO OCBO-

6olvreJrHo. a He Karo
pa36ofiHuqecKrr o5rrp.
Te 3a[oqBar .]a rr3-laBaT
opraH vl:auvflT a. Tvpc LaTa BnacT pa3KpvBa

\rHofo

KOMHTeTId, YHVIUO/haBa

kr Heyrpan3vpa pe_trr-

ua AefiIIH. Brpxy

yc rr rrvflTa ua Anocrona e Ha-

HeceH HerrorpaBHM yfap.

Becrra ro 3aBapBa

IOxHa Eurapvn Tofr rpeAyrrpe)KA aBa KoMr4TerHTe

3a onacHocTTa v TpbfBa
3a Eynypeur, 3a Aa o6crAn
c Apyrrrre reillttt rroJro)KeHraero. B CrHeeH rrpt{crvra
Ao Hero rrucMo or KapaeeJroB,

rrncaHo na 2 HoeMBpH 1872

f., B KOeTO Ce HaCTOflBA

3a

Hega6aBHo noBAr{raHe Ha

peBonrounflra. 3a Ileecxn
!

PMTCKOTO BbCTAHI4E

- I87 6

Heycnexrr Ha Craporaropcr(oro BbcraHlre ll pa3naAeHero Ha EPIIK cJreA HarrycKauero Ha Xpucro Eoren

B Kpaq Ha 1875 r: He orqafina 6r.nrapcnl{Te peBoJrloquonepr. Te pardnpar, qe pa3Br.rrrrero na llrroqnrq,
Bbrrpoc 3aBr{cu or 6urrapr{Te, rl uoeuafircr.r orpoMHa Lrcrop[qecKa orfoBopHocr, pe[raBar Aa BoArr 6op6a
Ha )I(UBOT It CMbpT.
fIOPfEBCKVTflT
PE BOr IO UnO HE H KOM I,ITET
Ha I I HoeMBpr{ 1875 r qacr or rnx
ocHoBaBar B fropreno HoB peBonrouI4oHeH KoMHrer c rrpeAceAaren

cresaH

Cranr6onoB 14 rrreHoBe flanaitor BoJIoB,

CroqH 3anuo n, Z.yan XaA)KHAHMI{rpoB,
Vmpuon lparo crHHoB, feoprH ZroHotuon,

HuKoJra Mapu,IHoB-tlepneHoBoAeu&,

To.qop flerKoe-

9op6aExu, feoprH Ano croI-eopzu

EeuxoecKu

JroB,

Hrarora 06ra Xpncro

pereHon

KapaMr{HKoB-

Ey"Hro.

Aenoro ca

CmeQaH Cmarwfionoe

CTEOAH CTAMEOAOB
PogeH e Ha 31 nHyapu 1854a. BTupHoBo.Yqu

pogHun

Ilnapuon fpazocrnuHor

cu epag u B 0geca, cneg koemo cmaBa eMuepaHm

B PynnuHufl. 0peaHu3upa Cmapo3aeopckomo
BucmaHue npes 1875 e., a cneg npoBana My cmaBa

npegcegameA Ha lropae8ckun koruumem u

onpegeAeH 3a anocmon Ha I peBonxrquoHeH okpra.

Cneg 0cBo6o>kgeHuemo uMa usknloqumeAHa

kapuepa kamo eguH om Ha[-sHaqumenHume, Ho u npomuBope,ruBu nonumuqu

Srnaapun. PeaeHm e npe3 188f
1887 e. u MuHucmbp-npegcegamen om
1887 go 1894 e.Ha 6 ronu 1895 a. e sBepcku
y6um B CoSun.
Ha HoBa

14AAP14 0 H

[PAr0CT14

0B

PogeH e npe3 1852 a. B c. Ap6aHacu, TtpHoBcko.

Y,{u mann u B TrpHoBo, a no-ktcHo cmaBa mbpeoBeLl B Pyce. B kpan Ha 1871 z. noeMa nbmn Ha peHa 1875 a. EPK vry BuaBonroqunma. fipee
^nmomo
3aegHo c H. 06pemenoB
Aa?a ga opeaHu3upa

BceHapogHomo Btcmauue B paioHa Ha PyceUJyrueH. Anocmon Ha ll pe8onroquoHeH okpra. 3aauBa

Ha 10 rrnail 1876 ?. npu c. HeilkoBo, Cnu8eHcko.

rrpr4BneqeHn H feoprn EenKoBcKH ,I4naru

[aHveB, roHKepHTe or OlecKoro BoeHHo

yqvnnrrle feoprn O6pereHoB

vr

feop rH I4zvtup tr{ ee - M aKeAoHq ero

w rp. 3aceAaHnflTa ce rpoBe)KAar

rafiuo v 6es rporoKoJrn.

3a
rrpeAH3BHKa ecKanr4paHe Ha
ZgroqHara Kpr,r3a, KoMI4Terbr v3pa6orsa [JraH 3a HoBo BbcraHlae [pe3
rponerra Ha I87 6 r. llpneru ca rpr{H-

Ia

rlr4rrr{Te Ha AerleHTpanH3ar[vrflTa r4 KoneK-

7 CTpaHaTA e pa3AeneHa Ha 4 peBonrorIHoHHH oKpbra

c yrorrHeHu rpaHr{ur4: I TlpnoBcKr{, II
CrHeeHcKH, III BpaqaHcKV 14 IV llnoBTHBHOTO pbKOBOACTBO,

AHBcKH. llpoexrnpaHuxr Y CoQraficKr4

peBonrorlnoHeH oKpbr rropaAn o6err vBHvr

cro6pa)KeHr,rfl BJrH3a B cbcTaBa Ha III

BpavaHcKH. Onpe4eJIeHI4 ca v rexHl4re

u. fltaHbr TIpeABIDKAa oTAeJIHHTe

oKpb3H AA vfpaflT caMocrofreJlHa ponfl
arro croJr

TEOPTN SEHKOBCKl4
PogeH npe3 1841 a. B KonpuBrquLla, c po>kgeHo
uMe laBpun XntmeB, SeHkoBcku y,ru B pogHufl cu
zpag, Ho paHo ocmaBa cupak (1848 z.l, nanycka
yr{u^uLue u qupakyBa B a6ag>kuilcka pa6omuAHuqa.

flo-krcHo cmaBa mbp?oBeq u o6ukann Mana

Asun. [1pea Aflmomo Ha 1875 z. ce npucbeguHn8a

krrrn peBoAlor.luoHHufl LleHmbp Ha SomeB

Sykypeq. Ipes cenmeMBpu c. a. 5PK nny Brsnaaa

ga ono>kapu Uapuepag c ?pynama Ha Cmons
3auruoB. Cneg npo8ana Ha Cmapo3aeopckomo
BrcmaHue ca Bpuqa B PyvrbHufl. lropae8ckunm
konnumem eo onpegenn 3a noMotuHuk-anocmon
Ha lV pe8onxrquoHeH okpua.

B 6ofiHnre AeficrBvlfl\ Aa ce npeKbcHar

renerpaQrune Bpb3KH n [ace pa3pylxar )IilI
Irr4Hvrvre B apna-Py ce v Beroeo-Oap vH,
Aa ce 3aB3eMi[ rpoxoAt4re TpannoBn BpiITa

n Apa6arcoHaK, Ao ce oilo)Kapflr O4puH,

flnoelun, llasapnnr4r, Pyce v IIIyrnreH, d
HaceJreHnero ra 6bre cbcpeAororreHo s 24
cTpaTefHqe cKH TOIIKI,I.
3a la H3rrbJrHflT perueHzrflTa Ha KoMH-

Tera, uaa6leHn c QanIrrvBvr nacroprkr

kr TypcKr{ TecKepeTa, a[ocTonHTe ce
rrpexBbpnflr n

Bur

apvrfl .

A
Cmonn 3suMoe

IlaHailom Bonoe
NAHA]4OT BOAOB
PogeH npe3 1850 a. B UJynneu,3a8rpuBa lllyvreHckomo knacHo yt{unuLqe, a no-ktcHo ytlu B Sykypeu,l,
Sonapag,0geca u HukonaeB. CmaBa yvume^ u
npegcegamen Ha pe8onroquoHHur konnumem B
pogHun cu epag. [1pes
Ha 1875 e.5PK uy
BtcmaHue B TtpnoBcko u
Busnaea ga opeaHu3upa^rmomo
TponHcko. Anocmon na lV pe8onrolluoHeH okpua.

CTORH 3A14MOB
PogeH e npe3 1853 a. B t{upnaH. Yqu B Cmapa 3aaopa,
logemo ce 3ano3naBa c AeBcku, a noc^e u B flnoBguB.
Yqumencm8a B XackoBo u yqacmBa B ocHoBaBaHemo
Ha MecmHun konnumem. 3anoBeH e u 3amoqeH, Ho
ycnnBa ga us6nea B PynauHun. [1pee 1875 a. EPK nry
Bugnaaa 3aegHo c SeHko8cku ga nognanu [apuepag.
flpes 1876 a. cmaBa anocmo^ Ha lll pe8onloLluoHeH
okpua. OmHoBo e sano8eH u ocbgeH Ha cMbpm.

[lpucrgama My e 3aMeHeHa c go>ku8omHo 3amoqeHue,

Ho cneg Oc8o6o>kgeHuemo e aMHucmupan. Yrrnupa
npe3 1932 a. Saua e Ha aeH. Bn. 3aunnoB.

lrroAfoToBKATA
I, II I4 III OKPbf

Jreflr KypuryMn. Mecrsn uaficropu rroflpaBqr KpeMbxlnfixkrre, a B Hoeo cexo

ICTAPOSATOPCKOTO BbCTAHHE

B TrpHoBcKt{ oKpbr 3a rJraBeH ano- ce uzpa6oTBar ABe qepeuroBn rorqera.

cron e o[peAeneH Cr. Cral,r6oJroB c flarpraornre ce o6yqaBar B crpe t6a.
rIoMouIHr,ruH Xp. KapaMnHKon-ByHHro
3a rnaBeH arrocroJr Ha CmBeHcKH
14 f. I4zvupnneB. Or KoHcrrnparvBH:a
oKpbll o6xeauau [Orolr3roLrHa Erlracro6pa)KeHr4fl 3a rreHrbp Ha oKpbra,
o6xsaqau TrpHoBcKo, f a6poBcKo,
Cesrr,reBcKo, Tpo*rcKo n np., Te nz6upar
fopHa OprxoBnua. B rroAroroBKara

Ha 6raeuoro BbcraHre aKTVBHo ce

BKrror{Bar

MecrHr4Te

lehuu

Ea.{o

Kzpo, CreSan flerues, IAsaH flauon v

I{anrco lrocra6aHoe. BofrBoAHre ror
Xapuron XaraqeB' Toeop KnprcoB v Ap.
14 o$nuepbr Ha pycKa cnyx6a flerrp
flapnaaKoB o6pa:yBar BoeHeH ueHrbp.
Aeilunre pa3rpbular rrporrar aHra,
cr6npar crar r4crwrecKn AaHHH. o6crxAar
BoeHHocTpiilernqecKn rrJraHoBe, H alassr
napn3a opblrcHe

vt

6oenprrracr.r. 3ahynyBar

rrr KoHTpa6au:uo rr rrr cKJa.frrpar ro

\raHacrr{prrre. B onpe-te.reHrr Kbrurr ce

pvr,, e oilpeAeneH
rroMorrlHnrrr{

Vt

AparocrnHoB

f. O6pereHoB, f. ZxoHoMoB

Cronr

HHTIH. MecrHHTe

lefiun ycr

flBar

D,a

Hano)Kar qeTHnqecKara raKTr,rKa w Ctor4Jr

eofiBoAa r43rpalKAa ,,rarep" B Crapa

TIJIaHHHZ, B MecrHocrra Kyur 6yuap.

Harara ce pa3MecrBaHe v
3ar\,rnH aBa ga

f.

[rlxoHoMoB

llaHaruoprrure. a Ha Nrrcroro

\ry rprrcrrrra f. OSpereHoB.

ilttu If 0n.'elp.'ue*u
I'

L'

ll ln

8b

L'

lll u-

ttut1u. IIpumerpu-7s

otlu, trrn tvvntu

B Eyxyperq e uz6paH BurapcKH

peBonrorrHoHeH KoMHTer - EPK, xofiro
uzpa6orBa rtla]r 3a BbcT arrve v pa34en-a
crpaHara Ha oreparvBHr pafioHn. 3a
TexHH arrocronn ca onpeAeneHn: H.
O6pereHoB H I4t. dparocruHoB - 3a
Pyce, TlTyvren, BapHa v Pasrpa4, n.
Bonoe - 3a TtpHoBcKo H TpoaHCKo, Ct.
f,parueB - sa Aoeev, Ct. Crau6onoe sa Ct. 3aropa, TaHro CrosHoB H Caea
TaHacoB - sa CnlrBeH. f,neepcuoHHa
rpyna Har{eno c6c Cr. 3aHvroe vr f.
BenxoBCKH Tps6ea Aa 3aMvrHe 3a
I{apHrpaA, 3a Aa rpeAH3BHKa no>Kapa
n 6espeAprqu B Hefo. Tasv roAforoBKa
ocraBa o6a.re Heocbr.qecrBeHa. flocepHo3Ha noAroToBKa ce H3BbpruBa
rroA pbKoBoACTBoro Ha Cravr6onoB
caMo e Crapa 3aropa, xofiTo oilpeAen-rr

I6 cerreMBpu 3a o6s.B.5rBaHe Ha

6t'JL' lllQ-rlelrlO ll(l lr(lI I U.', t()

peruaBa, r{e ca HaAHqe ycAoBHsTa 3a

B,rcraHne vr e Btnrapvs.. Ha 12 aerycr

BbcraHzero. Ho Ha6tp3o rloArorBeHo,

To ce rpoBal-a. Ao6necrHo 3aruBar
vr rroMourHnqHTe Ha Cravr6onoB
6parz, X(eKoBH. llpes cerrreMBpz
L875 r. Boree noAaBa ocraBKara cH

Y
Pu

flpee v'afi 1875 r. oKono Xpacro

Boree ce $opvrnpa peBoAror.IHoHHa
rpyna, Ko.rrro cAeA as6yxeaHero Ha
BbcraHnero e BocH a vr XepqefoBHHa

eofieo ila. f. ZxoHoMoB Bb3cTaHoBfl Ba peBonrorlr4o HHr4f KoM r4T eT,,

B rcofiro Bnr,r3ar 14 Heno focrIoAHHoB,
fwrvwrbp KyxyrvrnBKoB, flerrp KapaKocroB vt rp. TpyaHocrr4re c Ha6assHero
Ha opbx(r{e ca ofpoMHH - BbcraHr4uHTe
HflMar AopH Aocrbrr Ao KpeMbrlnfrrcr4Te,
rrpon3Be)KAaHpr B cnnBeHcKr4Te pa6ornnt4

69

3a

H HailycKa KoMHTeTa, KOeTO AOBeX<Aa

ce060dctma.

AO HeTOBOTO pa3naAaHe.

Crapnnr peBonrounoHeH KoMrlrer

ce Bb3o6uoBqBa v BbB BpauaHcKr,r

oKpbr c rJraBeH arocror Cr. 3auMoB
t4 rroMourHr4un f. AnocroJroB' H. 06pereHoB

14

H. Craexos. Tyn roAroroB-

Kara 3a[oqBa paHo, Ho cpeua foJreMt{

TpyAHocrvt. 3ac vneHtflr rpaHr'rqeH

KoHrpoJr rro Iyuana Bb3llpenflrcrBa rpexBbpnflHero Ha opb)Kne. H. O6pereHoB
ce orrpaBfl 3a Co$nilcKo, Ho raM
KoMHTercKara Mpex(a ua JIeBcKt{ He e
Bb3craHoBeHa. 3aroBeH e

14

floMotuHlaK-

PAUIHA KHRTUHf

.]f.::

HaqaAHa yqumenka B flaHa?fipckomo >keHcko

yr{u^uue, PaIHa flonaeopeue8a OymekoBa npume>ka8a gap6ama ga 6pogupa u flaBen SobekoB
nocmaBn sagaqama ga uspa6omu 3HaMemo

naH a?npckume BucmaHuLlu. Tn sano,{Ba

pa6oma B Dkyg*eBama krqa B flaH a?npuLue.

Ha

loneMuflm nrB Ha 3HaMemo e HapucyBaH

om 6aHqaHUHa Cmonu Kapone8 u PauHa ?o
ugBesBa cbc 3namHa cbpMa.0qume cbn3flm He
caMo 0m BsupaHemo, Ho u om BrnHeHuemo, c
koemo u3BesBa u cmpauHama gyM o ,,cMbpm".
Koaamo mo ce pasBnBa sa nbpBu nrm nog eka
Ha kavr6aHume, SeHkoBcku ce npoBukBa. ,,Ea
>kuBeil nnnagam a 6a[pakmapka ! lla >kuBeu Parina
KHnauHfl !" lA mfl npeMUHaBa cbc 3HaMemo npe3
Llenur ?pag, o6cunaHa c qBemn om Hapoga.
Cneg pa3?poMa Ha BrcmaHuemo e 3amBopeHa
u u3Mbr{BaHa c zlag u >ka>kga. HacunBam fl ga
ce nomypqu, 06cunBam R c py?amHu u roMpyr.lu.

Ho ckopo HekonLluHa ur>ke, o6neqeHu BuB

,,SpeHcku gpexu", npuHy>kgaBam Bnacmume
ga ff oc8o6ognm. flpegna ?am u ga 3aMUHe 3a
0paHqur, [epvraHUR, Auepuka, lzlmanun uAU
Pycun. Tn 3aMuHaBa 3a Pycun,3a ga y,{u B
Moc koBc kom0 Megu LluHcko yqunuLue.

I
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70

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Ts.uvacna6 6oeH e$exr vce cbcTou or 52 Tonr{era. lna-eHvrsr

HM Maficrop e rlaHafropeqbr HHxoAa BIavr6atueB. ,,Te vrMar

Itl'ulKu

BTrc'tttun uK qrn

Xmrpxo6utrrutrtu
qatnu 6b0pb,H(eu c

Iectttlrel Itonr0 u-v opb)l(lla

c'u KlrevbK--tultKu u t,uulo(ilt.

2-2,5 u,

t<atwt6bp Karo ro3H Ha ropcKHTe rorloBe,

CTefHaTV Ca Ha TpH-r{eTHpH MeCTa C .sKH )Kene3HH Xar\I<V 14
ca nocraBeHH Bbp>(y ABe Kone^eTa, KaKTo o6nrcHoBeHo 6vtF,ar
cbr.rIHHCKHTe ronoBe" TaKa rv pkrcpa 3. Cro.sIHoB B cBoHTe
,,3aru4cKa rro 6rnrapcKzTe BbcraHwfl". Ho 14 Taf<ltBa re oKa3Bar
culrHo MopaAHo Bb3Aefrcrene Ka-KTo Bbpxy BbcraHHqHTe, Tar(a
A'b/\x<l.{rta

6t-ttttltcKu Bbcnt(tt u tlu. Iloltuiu

.'t u ncu t tct .tt oiepr r rt Kuncl'.-t u u

EbATAPCI(ATA TIEPEIUOBA APTHAEPVIfl,

0.'t

Ku l, c'l'--t

II
nJ' ul Ku l
t60.76e1, u cu(tn.

H B.rpxy rypcKnl acKep vr 6aruu6ozyxa.

arrocrolbr H. CraBKoB. I-lopaln oilacHocr or apecrtt H.

O6pereHoB v f. AnocronoB ce Bpbtuar B Pynlt HLrr' 3a Aa

ccpopvvpar Lrera. Bpa.{aHcKl{flr KoMllrer e pa3KoreSaH, a

HacereHneTo - HarJrarreHo oT TypcKr{Te penpecllI,l. Karcro tt
CnnBeH' ce Harafa qerHliqecKara raKTuKa.

rv PEBOITOUI4OHEH OKPbf

Hait-aKTHBHa e noAroroBKara B IV fhoBAnBCKu oKpbr,

KbAero c 143KJrForrr4Te rTvrfl cvr xapaKTep I-. BeHKoBcKII ce
Har afa Karo fJraBeH anocror Lr 3ar\1eHfl fl. Boroe. HeroeH
noMorUHnULr craBaT 3axapr.r CroqHoB t4 I-. LlrcoHoMoB. 3a
ueHTbp Ha BbcTaHr4eTo arocrorrrre lvtStIpar flauarrcplltue
Lr Bb3craHoBrBar 82 cercKr4 vt l0 rpaAcKlr KoN'tttrera.
HaecqKbAe 3a noMoruHr.{K-anocroJr v ca yrBbpAeHII 3atvto)KHI.l Il
Y
Iltpccttrru nJ,t,tKu ?lrb.r,Bu ttu Ket-ttrqertttt -rtoctn e Konpunlllurlu.
ti..- .+-.:t,o.-,
I \-ir.'s

aBropHTerHH N,tbxe

ToAop Ka6nerrrKoB B KorpLIBUIHua'

EpaurlroBo, flettp I-opaHoB e Bararc

rr flaBer EoSeKoB e flaHarroprrure. Anocrort{re pa6orrr
rpecKaBo. 5er crporo pa3npelereHne Ha paiioHllre.

Bacur f]errerrrKoB

EeHKoBcKrr oSlrKarr cerara B Jolrr rHara Ha TonorHllua

Ll B VxtrrMaHCKa Cpeeua ropa, npaBn crSpaHIIfl
B flarapAx(HK., I-leruepa, Epaur.troBo Lr flepyurt4ua.
Ka6reuKoB arrrrr{pa e KonpnBturrua. Kaproso, Conor tt
oKorHrrre cera. a 3. CroqHoB

caHAx(aK. BenKoBcKr,r

- B cerara Ha fhoBALIBCKL{r

BbBe

xAa crpora

irepapx

vr,

pt{Tyar v v rai'lHaTa
nortr ur4fl Karo opfaH Ha r{3nbJrHrrrerHara peBonFoul IoHHa
Bracr. C urr ara crr eHeprrrfl 3anolrBa cbopN{upaHero Ha
BbcraHnrrecKa apMrrr. Cnope,l I-rcpreBcKr.rre peueHl{fl
BceKu BbcraHr.rK rpfl5ea la rrN4a nyuKa c 300 narpoHa.,
peBorBep cbc 150 rrarpoHa, ca1s, yHr{OopMa n cyxapn,
Ho Sueuure BbcraHrrur.r e Xrrcapfl rpyAHo ce cHaSrflBar
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14

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30 xapyqn c opb)Kne. BupeKH Bcr{r{Ko
e opraHn3vrpaHa qera or 200 AlLun or
ceJraTa

Mycuu a, Bnta 9epxna, Mux

aJr:q;a,

luuwu v BzruoBrpaA. Haqelo

ror

3acraBa
Xapnron XanaqeB, 3a BoeHeH pbKo-

BoAHrex e z:6pan
3a 3HaMeHoceu

flerrp

llapnraKoB, a

A. AraHacon-PycqyK-

B Taraprra3apA)KnK ,,Az ce rmcyruvr

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10 rlutu cbBerHnlrvr, Mex(Ay Kor4To
yqnre rrrr Baqo Knpo flerpon, To4op
IeSrepoB v Xpncro Kap aMVHKoB-

300 6araqmtHn.

EyHHro. Hafi-nrHoro6pofiHH ca qerHr4-

Becrra 3a BbcraHnero B IV oKpbr

rrnre or Bsta 9epxna Haqero c Ea.ro

Krpo - or 150 6rnrapcKn Kbrqr cenoro
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Trpuoncrcui B TexKo rronoxe-

cnearrerr aeH s'.fiplHoBcKr,rs MaHac rvrp

Ha

Earax. BrnpeKH MHoroKpilrHoro npeBb3-

oII

floroxeHuero craBa HeyAbp)KHMo 14

qop6a g>Kr4vre 3aroqBar rrperoBopn.
Axnael ara ce 3aKJreBa, rre aKo 6ataqaurkr
ce rrpeAaI.T, ule rvr rroulaAr4. Koraro

BbCTAHI{ETO B TbPHOBCKI{

OKPbf

3aBapBa

HHe. Auocronr{Te ilonyqaBaT,,KrpnaBOTO [II4CMO" CbC 3aKbCH eHkte, AOKaTO

BJracrr4Te B TspnoBo Hay{aB?rr orqe Ha2I

3acTkrHaTa oT rypcKrr rroTepn,

f0

rrpe-

Bpbula B Kperrocr. 3anoqBar ,errkrrrHrr

6oeee.

4elaa BbcraHurlnre

Eswudnyqume

or6lrcBar

Ho Axtwed aza BapymoHunmo us6 ueam rwHoJrcecmnomo s qbpKssffio ,rCe. HedeJr.fl" e Bgmax.

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BCrrlrKrr npr{crbnrr. flon XapnroH ce cpaxaBa KaTo rbB, Ho Ha LIeTBbpTHfl AeH OT
orSpar-rara B NraHacrupa rr:6yxea 6ype c
Sapyr rr rorj ocnenflBa. KonraHABaHero
noeMa flemp flapuaKoB rr LrerHrrurrre

npoAbrlr(aBaT oTLrarHaTa crr cbnpoTrrBa.

Ha 5 nlair nprrcrrrrar HoBr.r eoiicrcrr c ABe
opbAl{q .,Kpy[" n rypurrre' KoMaHABaHrr
or Oasrb naua' Aocrrrrar I I 000 Ayrrrr.
Ha yrrnMaryMa Aa cJroiriar opt)rore LIeTHIIuure orBpr,[Iar: ,.,HapoAbr IIcKa cBoure
npaBArrHr{ rr e peueH Aa fH cneqerll. aKo

ule 5rr cbc cMbpr." CreA aprnnepttticrctt

odcrper B NraHacrrtpaJryNtBa noiKap. BtcraHrrunre npaBflT npoSnB B -r-ypcr{rrfl o5pr.t.
HO n. llapnrarioB rr NrHoro Apyr-rr narar
r Srrrrr. Clrel Jrror-rr Soeee HeriorLilrHa
r)T Trx' rvrexAy Korrl-o rr Eaqo Krrpo' ce
rB\rbKBar or oScaraTa. Ho ca 'laroBeHu.
cb-teHrr rr oSeceHrr.
Ha I mari e CoKoJroBCKnfl NraHacrnp
t..1raii l-aSposo ce ctSrrpar 2lL) BL,c-raHnurr
Hllqero c I-{aHxo ArccraSauoe. t{e'ra-ra

ttr)e\rA Kbr\r BaroLLreBo. KpoBeHrrK

,rAs guAfl., qe cilAATA, soicnara

i rnnpnn

qe

NAnpaBl.rre 3BpcrBa

r,r KprBeHHK. flp, Hoeo ceJo

tre Ha l-{aurco ArocraSa HoB ce 1tm'r
Ao rrocJre-fHrrr r.(ypuryNl. B 5oq BJIII3aT n
Lrepc-[roBr rre rotlLrera. Ho NruoroSpoiiHI lrr
Bpar- HaAAerrBer rr Ha l0 nraii npeB3eN'ta
r r Hoeo celo. C ouercJl I ITe LrerH I r ur r I-1.
lrucraSauoe ce rr3Tenrfl e EarKaHa. Ho e
paHeH, 3aroBeH rr oSeceu.
B TpeBHeHcKo HflKorKo rHrr o)KecroLreHrr cpax(eHrrfl BoAn Lrerara r-ra Xprrcro

a Ha 9 lnafi
Lret-Ht tur

ilarpee. Ha ll nlair rn e pa'l5nra or

. BoiiBorara orcrr,nBa
Kt,N{ KoueHCritrfl SarKilH. Kbre-fo e
npelaAeH Il 3ilftrBa B frpecrlleJtriil.

peAoBHara apMrrfl

:.*,.

BbCTAHIAETO B
OCTAHAIVITE OKPb3H
B CrnBeHCKu oKpt'r- Br,critHne-fo

xarg lrghr\axre roAKoBA

NeB[ilN]f

nrprne

TflX Ce npl{Cbe[r4HqBar BbcraHI4uI,rTe or

,f nrSolr, BoreHII or I-. f,paxee, KaKTo tl
Lrerara ua Crorrr eor"rBoAa. Ksv cpeAara
Ha naii crer HeKontioAHeBHu 6ltrrclt c

TypcKrrre opAII Llerara e rllKBtlAI'lpaHa,

a llr. AparocrnHoB. I-. OOpereHoB tl

Crorr,r eoiiBoAa 3arnBar. Bre BpauaHcKlt

oKpbf BbcTaHrreTo e npoBaJreHo ropaAl{
rioJredaH

rrero rr Hecbrracnero Meir(Ay

pbKoBoArrrerrrrre. He e floAr(peneHa rr
Lrerara Ha Boree. B ntaKeAoHcKItre 3etvul
rr rSyxBa r. Hap. Pa3roBcKo Br,craHr're.
[-raBeH Boraq Ha oSparyBaHara NrarKa
Lrera e

A. I-lonreoprrree-EepoBcKrr. Cnel

rr e pa':5rlTa.

Kt,nr cperara Ha ptarj Haqaroro

HUI FOHTI BbCTAHIICTO C OKOHLIATCJIHO NO-

ryLUeHo rr yraBeHo B KpbB. Vz1t{ru ca

He rroJryLrilBil pa3Nrilx rrollajlrr NrilcoBr rTe

30 000 Srrraprr n ca n3nenereHti

200

s.

cen

rr

rua. Ho

caN,ro)KeprB

HaA
Ha

ara

urr He orn Ba Hanycro. CBerbr

e noTpeceH or TypcKHTe 3BepcTBa vI
pa:5rrpa HenoKoJreSrrMara r,rM Borr IJa
ailprrn

H3BoroBar cso6o Aara cM caMr4. PycKoTypcKara eofiHa craB ezs6exHa.

If ocryedHunte

,'

"r. i.

oqanenu sbcrnuttuqu otn qentutrtu

,tu ttott XqtuntoH HuqeTo c Euqo Kupo eodnnt

'!:'

\r
i.

/4

:-s;i \
ol4e, qe (
eHaR oqe,,re(

apecrrr Ha peBorrourroHHrr reiiurr., npeAnpHeTrr or NrecTHrrTe TypcKH BrracTrr.'

Li KorreSaHrrero Ha pbKoBorrrreJrrrre
Ha oKpbra. Bce naK I In. Aparoc-rrrHoB
KbM CrHeeHcKr4fl 6arrcan. Krna

-l

paqe llo

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TeiKKr r 5r rrrcr r

g,I.O5pereHoB o6pa:yra: qera y-ce

BAllJr.r

aAoAA." lle saqrrnara pe\ NA [auno flncrasaNoB npeA

Hoeo cero (-ru. Aupn.'rurr). Kb-lero

lrs,rr-apure NrilcoBo r-paSBill ollr-,xne-ro.

.q{&

opbx[ero e BbB

! cneAosarenro il3BecreNil, qe Nle nooeArxrue! BHe

B.raro.fapeHrre Ha \paSpoc-rri.l or Br,craHrrurrTe frt,pBoHaL[lJrHo HNrilT ycnex B

cpa/heHrrflTa, Ho B paiioHa nprrcTrrfaT
HrlBIr eor'icrcrr. Ha 6 nretr"r flara EarouLeBo.

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75

76

XPI4CTO BOTEB

T4

HETOBATA TIETA

[orcaro B crpaHara Kurrl,t rroAroroBma 3a BbcraHner Ourapcl(ara eMrrrparluq cbulo e 3aBraAqHa or Bflpara,
qe ocnoboxAeHnero Ha6lnxana. foronuocrra i 3a caMolKeprBa B lrMero Ha oreqecrBoro uanrupa Hafiflpr,n r{3pa3 B AeJroro ua Xpucro Eoren.
r-roAI-oToBKATA HA tl ETATA
Crel HanycKaHero Ha EPI]K B
Eynypeu Eores He rpeKparrBa peBo,'II-OUIIOHHATA CI,I ICT"THOCT TI C CAI,{H OT
rrr,pBr.rre eN{rrrpaHTCKII leirult., nocBereHr4

B nraHoBeTe Ha I-ropreBCKHq KoMHTer.

flprrBbpxeHr.rK Ha cbqeraHL{ero Me)I(Ay
LICTHIIT{CCKI,I ACI"ICTBIIq

crpaHara., rorr

V BbCTAHI4C B
ce 3aeMa eHepfHtIHo c

Ha6npaHero Ha eoSpoBoJr r6t Lr AocraBKara

Ha opbxne 3a ccpopruIl4paHe Ha qera.

flornoN,rarar ro rpeAcTaBl{Terure Ha
BpauaHcKrr oKpt,r f. AnocroroB vt H.
OOpereHoB' Konro Ha6asnr v t{3BecrHI4
cyNr rr. I-ort N,ra qacr or neoSxoAlrN{t{Te
cpeAcrBa ca octlfypeHll or eMllfpauHfra.
Ha l0 anprlr e B3ero peueHne Llerara Aa
npeNrrrHe B poAttHara Meceu no-KbcHo,
Koraro BbcraHltero rprSBa tra ra:6yxHe
Br,B Bpaua. Ktv Hefl ce rpt{cberl4HflBar
rr poAorroSur{re Ha AnvHTbp I,{rcoHoMoB
rr norr C. KarpaQrrnon.

3uMama Ha 1868-1869 ?. >kuBee c Ae8cku B

3anycmn^a BnmrpHa Me^Huqa kpail Sykypeq.
flpes 1869 e. y'lume^cmBa B AnekcaHgpun, a nokucHo u B J/svrauA.3ano.{Ba ga nuue noe3uR
u nybnuuucmuka, npeBe>kga,ry>kgu kHuau.
EescMbpmHume cu cmuxo8e u3gaBa npe3 1875

e.npes 1874 e. cmaBa qneH Ha SPUK u Bogat{ Ha

peBonouuoHHo-gevrokpamuqHomo My kpuno,
nognaaauku Ha kpumuka kone6aHurma Ha
KapaBeno8. [ogo6Ho Ha AeBcku mo[ e y6egeH,
qe 6uneapume mpnbBa caMu ga usBoroBam
cBobogama cu, H0 3a pasnuka om Heeo cMflma, qe
Hapogbm BuHaeu e aomo8 sa 6opba. l'loggtp>ka

Bpusku

c peguqa.ry>kgu

peBonnLluoHepu.

Io

uHuuuamuBa Ha SomeB u Cm. Cmaubono8 Ha 12

a8aycm 1875 z.6PUK peuaBa ga 6tge BgueHamo
BucmaHuemo, usBecmHO kamo Cmapo3aaopcko,
koemo e Ha6up3o nog?omBeHO u ce npoBann.
flpe3 cenmervrBpu 1875 a. SomeB Hanycka 5PUK,
koumo cneg mo8a ce pasnaga.

Ha 16
vafi Eoree ce KaqBa Ha ruopreBcKoro
rrpncraHr4ure Ha ,,Pa4euKH" c qacr or

opb)r(He Karo HHcrpyMeHrH.

TIPE83EMAHETO
HA,,PAAEIIKH"

3a [peMr4HaBaHero Ha L{erara

XPl4CTO EOTEB
PogeH Ha 25 gekennBpu 1847 a. (06. 01. 1848 a.)
B Ka^o$ep B ceMeucmBomo Ha gackan Somuo
llemkoB, mou yvu B pogHun cu epag u B 0geca.
l'lpes 1866 e. cmaBa yvume^ B c. 3agyHaeBcka,
Secapabun, a npe3 1867 a. u B Kano$ep. [1pes
eceHma Ha 1867 e. eMuepupa B PynntHuR. llpes

Blnrapr{fl Eoree rraHnpa npeB3eMaHero

qerHl,Iur4Te, o6reqeHn Karo fpaA?IH apv,

Ha nbrHr{LlecKr4fl flapaxoA,,Pa4euKH".

Ha

Parrerq qerHLIuHTe Ha rpyull B AyHaBcKrrre rrptIcTaHl{rua fropreno, 3ranaH r4'1,

Typuy Mrryperle, Kopa6vn 14 Eercer v 3a
ra He 6ymr nolo3peHne, HM Hape)KAa Aa

pprH. OcraHaJII4Te, qaKaurl4 Ha ApyrI,ITe

ce npeAcraBrr 3a 3eMeAercKH pa6orHlarlvr

rr Ia AeKrapvpaT cKpHToTo B caHAbuI4
A ecmp u ticxun

rbr

y)K 3a Kra4oso

14

Typny Cese-

pyMbHcKH fipHcraHHUIa, fionyqaBaT

ycroBH H Teref paN,II,I Ia ce Kaqar Ha
cburr4fl rapaxoA. Karo rbrHuur4 I xraca
Ha 6opea Ha ,,Pa4euKpI" ce o3oBaBar v
rroMoulHr4ur4Te My : BoeHHvrflT KoMeHAaHT

nurnrH uq ecKu

nupaxod ,, PudeqKu"

q-t

Xpucrrto Eomes
Ha qerura rroAnopyrrr4K Hnrcora BofinoBn Hnrcora CHNnoe-

cKH, 3HaMeHoceubr

Kypyro, HHreHAaHrbr H. O6pereHoB 14

qJreHoBere Ha ua6 a
- AaBI4A Toeopon, Ii
AnocroJroB, ron $. KarpaSnnon, leoprn
Maree r.r flerrp ZopAaHoB. Eoree rIHIrIe
Ha cBoure Apyrapn e EyKypeu: ,,Pa4octTa MH H,f,Ma fpaHHUH, KarO Cr4 HayMr, H0

r
,rBanpocme peueNn, qeATA onogNAqeNA, Bpe^\ers ft pa3cronNnero onpeAenenn,
cAeAoBATe.lNO TyKA Ce ICKA Ne ft\O.\HTBA, A {RsTlKA " ll3 nUCmO Ha Xp. BOreS A,O
T. flees or I 2 oespvapr 1876 r
,r3axsaula ce Beqe ApaTRATA Ha Eanrancrfln nodyocrpon l]lHorocrpaAAANrRT
Bocroqer Bbnpoc, xoito Ao Bqepa ce ft\trc.\eue ga NenpofieNn$ NA noAHTl.tqecKATA
cqeNA NA Gspona, cranil B cBofl Tpern aKT l.r Nnd\a Beqe cbn\NeNre, re roi... qe
i
HgKApa a,o rpanr." Jlg crarils na Eores B nbpB]in spon na s-r ,rHosa 8a4rapnn" l
'B
I
B Ennrapnn
5 man 1876 r, c Koqrs

ce

Ennrapnn' 't ' _#

ce H3Tefrfl KbM Bpbx Bora v 6nroro

npHBercTBA
npnBercrBA

.,.,Mofra MonHTBa" ce c6tAna." flpaura

npouanHa TerefpaMa

v Ha cbnpyfara

cv Benera, a Ha 17 Mail rererpa$Lrpa

Ao $peHcKara npeca. qe .,.gBecra Ay[II4
SrrrapcKn roHaun" ca 3aBrraAerlr napaxoAa ,,PaIeuKH" Ll orHBaT Ha ftoMoul Ha
cBoHTe BbcraH

arv 6parn CruHr IeH no

rrraAHe, Kofaro r{opaStr HaSlllxaBa KogroAyfr, [o cnrHar Ha Boree qerHHrIHTe

ce Bbopb)r.(aBar 14 o6rwtaT cKpHTHTe cr4
BbcraHHqecKr4 yHr.roopMLr. o6reqeH Karo

BofiBoAa, Tofi ce rBflBa rpeA

Ha l-{apeea rrrBaAa. Orrav npeMVHaBa

KbNl BbpxoBere Kauapara, KyreHa v
OrcorqHua. flpecJleABarur.{re fl qepKe3t4,
Saru uSozyur,r H peAoBHa eoilcrca 3aeMar
HacpeuHr4re 'rsSepu vt Harvrar or rpr4
cTpaH14 c ofpoMHo rlr4creHo tlpeBb3xoAcrBo v MoAepHo opbx(He. t{erHr4ur4Te
ce cpa)KaBar xpaSpo vt KoHrpaaraKyBar
c BHKoBe ,.,f,a )Kr4Bee Blnrapr4fl.". Marrco
rrpeAH 3uure3-cJrbHrle e MecrHocrra l4ol.-

IaroSepr EHrreHAep v or HMero Ha

KoBI4ua, SrHso Ao Bp. Bora, nplr HeH3rcHeHH oScroflTercrBa He[prrrrercKr.r

BbcraH axa

KypruyM npoH vBBacbpuero Ha eofr eoA ufa.

ErrrapHf fo

3acraB

Karr

vraHa

n napaxo-

Abr Aa AeSapKI4pa Ha SurapcKnn 5prl.

tIbTflT KbM
EE3CMbPT14ETO
9erHr4unTe cJrn3ar

cJreA npoqyB-

crBeHoro Eoreso cJroBo qeJryBar poAHara 3eMr. flon Caea KarpaSnron rv

3aKreBa nPe.q yuHToro or flerpaHa
O6pereHoBa 3HaMe p{ noA r(pbcrocaHr4re
ca6n Ha BofrBoAara v H. BofiHoBcKr4.
Te npeKbcBar rererpa$crcHTe )KHuH, nocTpofBaT ce IIo B3BoAoBe H TpbfBar KbM
BpauaHcKr4q 6awaH.

flpe;lnorara ce' qe H3crpeJrbr e Aotubn

or 3aca Aa v qe crpereubr e qepKe3vu. EoreB H3AbxBa B pbuere Ha H. O6pereHoB
H noeMa rrbrfl KbM SegcMbpruero. t{erHuuHTe ca pa3rpbcHarr4 Ha MarKH fpynn
v yHruroxeHla. Anvt no-KbcHo 3arvBa

v H. BoilHoBcKH. Elsa AecernHa Ayrrlr

ycrrflBar Aa ce yKpHflr kI no-KbcHo Aa ce
rpexBbprrr BbB Brarurco.

Krvr rflx ce nplr-

cbelHHflBar oue HflKonKo roHauH. B o6ur

cbcraB

or 205 Ayrrr4 qerara noBex(Aa

oue Ha l8 Mafr' or-

o)KecroqeHr,r 50eee

Srrcea norepnTe Kpar."r c. EaHvlLra 14 3aeMA FO}I(HVIfl CKJIOH HA Bb3BIIIICHHCTO

Mnrnu

KaMbK. VIznpareHnre cpeuy

Hes qepKe3H vr peAoBHH eoilcrcH c ABe
op"blvrf urr AeH HanaAar flpocTHo oT

TpH CTpaHr4,, HO KOMaH tBaHl/- OT EOres

14 BofrHoBcKH,, qerHHUHTe r4M HaHacflT
foJreMr4
vrM

3afy6v v or6rtcBar

Bcr4qKr4Te

Gr

uraxn. floAJro)KeHV Ha aprnJrepuficrcvt

ofbH v Ha rrypuyMeH Ab)KA,

qeTHHur4Te

cbulo llaBur cBr4AHr4 )KeprBH - Swtzo 30

y6uru H paHeHV. 3uaueHoceulr Kypyro
14 rrotr Caea 3arr,rBar. floe rptrKprrrnero
Ha HOrUra EoreB

14

BoiluoBcKr.{ rr3TerJrflT

qETATA HA FOf KbM Bb3BI4IUCHI4ETO BCCTCU

u BpauaHcKra.fl 6anxau, Ho B rpecrperKa

na.far Aasvl Toeopon, A. 3arpHH p1 Ap.
Ha Becreu oueneJrnre rrpeKapBar 19
\rari rr no-rKperreHn c xpaHa or oBLrapv,
ONIITBAT .]A CV VI3flCHflT TIOJIOXCHHCTO.
Oqah.eaHoro noJKpe[JreHHe He npncrr,,rra.
BtcraHr.rero B III peeonrounoHeH oKpbr

ce oKa3Ba ocyereHo. 14 BoreB 3arroBflABa

Ha pa3cbMBaHe qeTaTa tra ce v3Kaqvr

BbB BpauaHcKun SatKaH. Ha 20 Maf4

(2 roun) rfl ocbMBa Ha TayruaHnrra vr

Cntpmms

Hs Xpucmo Eomee

77

EOTEBHTE BECTHH'IIIJ

flpe: 187 1 r. BoreB n31aBa eAnH

or Har"{-paA;z-KanHHTe 6rnrapcKrl BecrHrrrrrr ,,41/rura Ha 5T,rrrapcKr.lTe eMHfpaHTr.r". Ha crpaHr.rrlrrre My orxBbpns pe$opMrr3Ma,
[porafaHAllpa r]AeHTe Ha AeMoKpaqr.rsT&, ocTpo aTaKyBa c'brn a ruaTencTBoTo LI anenHpa B I4Mero
Ha peBonFourlsTa ,Ad ce cnnoTllM,
Aa Mrrcn I1 M, Aa AyMaMe lI Aa
pa6orHM". Cnopeg Hero peBon FoqHgTa e He caMo HaqlroHanHa, Ho
V COqII&.r\H? LI B'L,3XB&z\.flB? fIapIl>KKara KoMVHa. Tor.,i cM-sTa, rle
ocHoBa Ha 6reeuroro cnpaBeAnlrBo
odruecrBo ca,,oSurHHHTe, ecHaQnre

H Apyx(ecTBaTa", H noA BnIIgHIle

Ha Bar<vHrlH rroAqeH trBa poAsra
Ha AT-,p>KaBara. Ha crpa:e_rqrrre Ha
,,Ayvra" ny6nLIKyBa vr feHrralHrrre crr

cruxoBe. Bnprea HoBa

r41er)rHa cHAa

B Haqr4oHanHopeBonroqHoHHoro
ABIl>KeHIlIe, HO lIOp aAIi n I,InCa Ha
CpeACTBa npeKT>CBa Lt3AaBaHeTO Ha

BecrH:aKa. flo-K'bcHo :r'3[aBa BecrHHtrlrre,,B)'AHAH vK",',',HoBa B'r,nrap LLtr" H ,,3taMe", or crp aH;u-t1HTe
Ha r(ol{To onpeAen-fl I.rcTopl4rlecKaTa

pons Ha AeecKLl Karo eA,Ha or

oHe3lr AHr{HOCTI], ,,KOVTO IIO CBOgTa
aKTTTBHOCT L1 CaMOOTBep>KeHOCT Ca
afrocTonr{ peAKr-{ Ha peBonrorlrrflTa He
caMo B HaLUrrs HapoA, Ho rr B ApyrHTe

no-HanpeAnaA;:^ Hapo1:r^" .,,3HaMe"

craBa opfaH na BPI-IK Ha Mflcroro Ha
KapaeenoBr{r{,, He3aBHCI,rMocr"

78

PYCKO.TYPCKATA BOI{HA

IIIHIIqEHCffi EfIOIIEfl

1877 -1878

fepournarr Ha 6rrrapure rro BpeMe na AnpurcKoro BbcraHr{e r.r HerryBaHara }r(ecroKocr rrplr HeroBoro
roryuraBaHe npo6laxaar cBeroBHoro oburecrBeHo MHeHue. C;reg nponaJra Ha Ilapurpaaucara rcoHQepeHruq
Eurapcxlrqr BbrIpoc He Moxce rroBerre Aa ce ]?eAu rro MIrpeH ntr. Pycmo-TypcKara sofiHa craBa nen:6exHa.
COOPMHPAHE HA

KOHHa, t4 CbCTaBbT Ha ontlqeHHeTo

l0 000 Ayrru. Ha 6 Mai4 l87l r.

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Bcr4r{KH Tepr4To pw., HaceJre Hr4 c 6utapu.,

T_paKvrr 14 Marce4oHkrfl. F-nenyBaHara ceoSoAa e r43BorcBaHa c rreHata

s Mngnn,
3AfVHaJrr4

pycKt{,
vr

nHnaHAc KH

Bor4HH
rapra !

u 6rn-

gl

82

A
A6prr narua. 36.
Anepxu CroqHos .29.
Aecrpur"rurr. 24. 25, ) 6,
27. 28. 3s.
Aecrprrr. 13. I 8. 2l, ')) ,
32. 34.35, 48. 50. 54.

Aecrpo-Vurapur. 8l

Bota,77

39. 42. 48, 7 6.

BrnunrprH,

Aurel

eofieo.qa, 16,49.
AHre,r l-auo. 40.
AHre,'r KtHqee. 63.67.

Aurer Cocpurneu. 4l
Au rer TpeHlad\rros,

4.

Aur,r ns, 41, 47 ,48. 52.

8t.
AHlou Httxon ur. 12.
An^uperi fleury. 45.

AHrou BpaHulrq,

14.

Apa6axoHax, 67, 68.

Ap6auac n. 12.
ApHayrxuor"r ( Pa:rpa.u ).
39.

ApoH. trtouax, 30.

AraHac Hrtxoroe ( HeHrioertq),39.
Arauacttt"r. Itryt\{eH. 3 l .

ArrrHa. 14.18.
AroH. 30. 32. 33.
nre.q ara EapyraHJI I tfl ra.
14.
AxNre-q ara.7 | .

Ax

24.25. )7,29,33,34,
35. 36. 40, 41, 42, 43,
44. 45. 46, 47, 48, 49,

50. 52. 54. 55. 56. 58.

59. 60. 62, 63, 66, 67.
68, 69. J l. 76, 7J, 79.
80.81.
Eqra fla,'IaHxa 29.44.
Bqra t{eprcea. 60, 7 4, 7 5.

Baplap, 19, 29

Bapraaru. apxuentlcKon,
t9.
BapHa.9, 10.68.69. 78.
Baporu xanuq, 55.

Bapurana.2l.
Bacrrl AHapeen,39,45.
Bagrr faHqee-flreeeFl,.Irtqra. 59.

Bacur hasnHruxn.

58.

Baur,r {pyH,rea, 55.

Bacn,'r HoHroe. 63.
Bacrrr Jleecrcrr. 55. 56.
58. 62. 63, 64, 65, 66.
67. 68. 69.76.J7.
Bacrr,'r fleueruKoB. 72.
13.

Bacrrr xarxn BuKoB.

AnrurHrbp KaHrarcyrnH

|-

!nunrlp

fa6pono. I 5, 39, 42. 48,

50. 5 r. 60.
I-a6poecrcn 6alKaH. ??.

fa6poecro, 22. 23, 27.

fanpr'u Xrrree, 68.

Ba6a-lar. 17.
Eailo eoiieoAa. 15. 16.
Earipaxru liKaNutq. 55.
6arxaua. 1 9, 23. 25, 41 .
12. 55. 59. 60, 6 l, 6).

Berqo AraHacon-flxav3

l.

6. 65.
Ea,'I.ro eofigo.qa. 16. 34.
EaHar. I l.
EaHcxo. 32. 30.
Baqo Kupo llerpon. 69.

21.2).

35.

Berpeu. 16.28.
?5. ?6. 33.

6,J,9.

Brr.qnH

EuxaulNrr ['loeo, l?. 13.

Ea,r xaHcr(rt noryocrpoB,

35. 47 . 48

Blr.{rrHcra o6racr 39.

BnlrrHcKrr caHlxar I 5
BrrAr.rHcnlr cera, 46.
BrrrrrHcKo 35. 39. 44,46.

47.58
BnAtrHcKo. uapctno. 6.

Eerorpar.{rIx, 46.

BraAul,urpeu<y. 40.

BrrcaplroH. enucKon. I3.

Brrcoxara nopra. 52.

flocnar, 26.
lparaneBcKH

I4rcouotMos, 63.
68. 12. 73.
feopru Kasarca,45.

lparaH flanarouy,

feopru Marvtapuen, 4l ,

Nparo6epr

feoprn

feoprrr Maree, 76.

Bralncras Ill ,f relo.

8.9. 10. ll,)4.

Eepxoecxo. 45.

B,rarrrcras

20.21

6.

EoxuH. KanltraH, 40.

Eofiqo.49.
EocHa rr XepueroBuHa,

3 r.

L{axu

Bragr.6.8.

.25.

10.

ll.

18,

22.34.
BrauLno. 18. 19. 20, l,
25. 30. 33 , 40, 41, 4?,
?

45. 48. 54. 56. 60.66.

J3,

J7

. 42, 45, 46, 48, 5)

54-57, 58. 59.60.62.

feopru TnxaHex.Tl.
feopnr Tyrnauos. 63.
feopru -f HrcoeHq.44.
I-eoprt,t, ..KanHTaH", 3 5.
l-eopru, xaAxn, 39.
fepacu M. apxHMaHApr.rr.

32.
58.

fopua OprxoBnua,42,

fprHono. 42.
AprHoBcKH MaHacrup.

!y6poeunx,

.,

lynaecru guraer.

51.

AyuaBcKH KHrxecrBa,
40,48.
flynHnua, I 6, 25,3l.34.
Ar,rrn Aor. 60.

74.

37.

9, 11,41,45,

55, 56. 73,77.

ErcarepuHa

3.

II, 35.

EleAxnx, Ypsx.72.
Elesa, 27 ,31,37 ,42,43,
52, 68, J9.

Knpnr, oreu, 73.

l4sau [luruvan. 6,7 .

l1salarcu fr o *o K rop rc-

qv,42.
I4rHat 46.

"

47

"-

KorororpoHuc,

KouAo BuH6aurnqra, 38.

KoHcraurr4H, uap' 6,7 .

Vllus Bmcxoe.51.
I{ttrs Eurapn u. 4l

KoHcraHrnH KocreHeqKH

Maprcon, 49, 55.

I4vtpe Tsorcsol n. 24, 25 .
I4HAxe eofieoAa.34.36.
Vlncn nanr u Ar e rcc aHnbp,
40.
I4cax.ra, 48.

licvann 6efi, 39.

Ilralns.

20, 2l , 25, 69.

ZxrHuau, 16,34.
I4xrnvaHcKa CpeaHa rotr

lureaH (Cre$aH) lllraru-

uau. I l.

n
I4oaruu.

Kuclos,

xaA)KH,

Xele:Ha .21.24,25.

lauanr flonoe.

fle6rpcxo, 3 I
lemnpxncap,36.
.

53.
- flxraHor'

hocuS Kosa.res, 5l

3 1.

63.70,71,72. 73' 68.

Kopa6ur , 7 6.
Kocoso, 26.

Kocra ErnrapraH' 4l
Kocra sofieoAa, 58.
Kocra E$rHruroe, 60.

Kparyenau,, 55.
Kpafiuo CaruoxoAos. T2.
Kparoeo ,, 13, 29.
Kpr,rna flarauxa, 26, 27 ,
KpunonanaHeqKo, I 5.
Kprr, o-s, 13,21., 60.

Kpyruenaq,8.

Kprcrso, KanHTau, 46.

Ka6neruKoe, 71.
Kar nrn H. noAnoJI

KOBHHK.

79.

Kyra, rcHq:, 56.

Kyxyur, 53.
Kyncro, 46.
Kyrtaauoe o, 27 , 28.
KyneHa, 77.

Kypr.ry

Kanor[ep,31,34.76.

62.

roe. 59.
KoHcraurHH 9oras, 48.
Konuros:-J:n,, 2l , 24. 25.
KonpraeulwJa,,3 l, 34' 50,

KprcraH HeurHn, 45.

KaraHlrrc. 62,78.

XepaeHa,3l,37.

KoucraHrnu Xaa)KI4na-

28.

Aasrrl Tolopoe,76.
Aasllx* )9.

l.

Koqo 9ecrunaeucrcu,73.

I4ou"r$ Bpaaaru, 30,

Koueucru 6arrau, 48.

}K. A. EraHrcu. 44.

XaH flanepH Oope:ueu,
t4.

25

50.

Koncraurnu Cyuy,45.

MocKoBcKH rrar-

8.

-pnapx,22.

IrlopaaH
43.

42.

KoHcraHrnH MnranuHoB.

fpyen, 51.

EuaHynr Xpucroe,

Xepaeuu a.

Kocrypcrco, 15, 16.

Korer, 31, 32, 33, 36, 37 .
41, 45, 48, 49, 50, 52.

[epelor" PyceHcxu,
Uoarcnrra

4I

7.

}K

lauacxuu Crylur,3l.
larvtr H, Mr'rrporro rur, 6.
flauant Bsrrapn n. 4l

35.
KorcarqHcrcra MaHacrup,
31.

cKH, 48. 52.

lltnpuitcKH KoJrex, 20.

Uoan, voHax, 30.

I4oreQ II, 35.
ho:erf fleqqeenq, 35.

Xerqrxo Eaxrplx vrflra,

KoAxa Xr4rp' I l.
Ko:nylxa (Cynopoeo),,

Vltapuon MarcapHonoJl-

AraHacos-Pycvyxnu riqero, 7 4.
!. flonreoprHeB-Eeponcrcu.75.

34,,

44, J0,73.

ilopaa" KoucrauruHoB-

!.

ruurra, 38.
Kr.rprrc I-{aHrcon, 66.
Knurnuee. 78.
Kraloeo . 7 6.
Knncypa, 21, 24, 25,

EreHrca eofreoAa. 16.

EuaHyur BacrcuAoBut{,
50.
15.

32,

Knpo Eerrpcrcu Bun6a-

pa, 70.

Eeruq 9ele6n. 15, 16.

Eeroru feopnuee.48.

n MeroAufi,

51.

68.
Vlsau Xopven, 73.

Hrro

6.

flyuan. 6, 7 ,9., I 6' 17 . 19

21, 23. 36, 38, 39, 40.
41, 45, 5 I , 54. J6, J8.

E,npona, 8,

fopHu !,16Hurc, 80.

[-opnu Mareena\.44.

crup.29.
Krapun

I4saH Xalxu,auMHrpoB,

fepo KannraHcrcn,

6.9,

52.

urreHAep,

T,

Bralu cJraB fpa rr,rarr,r K,

Eor.[aH MaprlHoe. 25.

BouaH Xrvte,rHrtuxll. 2 I .

!,paran Ifaurcoe. 52.

l, 34. 48, 62.,

Kur r,r$apeBcKn MaHa50.

63, 68.

75.

feoprrr Croilrcoe Paxoe-

Celuuuucrn,

Karpauraua,38.
Kunn$apeeo, 59.

I{tapwou Kpnrcru , 43,

38.

17.

feoprn fleqqeeHq, 24,

VlsaH

45, 49.
Kapa feoprn BurapnH,
40.
Kapa feoprr.r flerponuv,

63.
Kapnour , 26, 27 , 28.

142vaut,35,39,76.
Vltapnon lparocruHoB,

N,raHacrhp,

31.

43.

Mouqnroe, 5l
LIsaH flaHoe.69.

I4eaFr

Kannrau ArAo Hnrcora,

Kaproeo,

I4rHarHee, rpaQ, 56.

80.

Erponone, 63.

6e,'rorpaxqnluKo, 3 8. 46.
Bepxonlrua, 16. 34, 39.

Blalrrcrae

?7 . 36,

feoprn tr'l:v npn nee-Mare/toHqero . 68, 69.74.

sor"{soAa. 9.

lV

feopnr BpaHrconuq, 8.

fsearo.

73.

17

50, 53, 60, 78.

loupaH, 16.34.
flonHr'r lr6Hnrc,

10.

19,

35.

lo6pyaN a, 6,

Br. 3alrvoe, 68.

Brtcrop lOro.

30.

35.

Beurcoscrctt. 68,

55.

22.

t{epHee, 48.

flnoHucnii Parr.r, 18,

fpyaon,

\4sau 3art,t6r,rH, 39.

klsaH Kaca6oe. 55.
rAsau Kuruerc t<u, 49.
\4saH KynuH' 46.
IAsaH KrpuroncrcH, 58.

VlsaH CpauuMHp,

!,nnrHTbp. .,KafIHTaH".

76.

Blrujoerpal,,74.

23. s3.
Eetpe-luH ClrNtaett. 7.
Eexer, 76.
Ee,rrpa.u, 6, 24. 15. 38,
41. 48. 5 l. 54, 55, 56.
57 , 59, 60, 62, 63. 67 .

Bral.

!nunrrp

I-eopru Anocroros, 68,

feoprn

!uurrmp l-lenoens.66.

fpaHraqa. cero, 29.

I-peAeruH, 78.
fpyilo Bancrcn, non,72.
fypxo, reH., 78.
frcpreeo. 39. 68, 7 6.

6rrrorcno. 15.16.27.
Braruyc Kraiiuep, ?5.

Hr

42.

feH. ['lcaee. 38, 39.

feHaluti Cxorapu il, 29.
feHe Teruiecrc n, 73.
feHrco uop6a4Nu,37 .

fpageu.

7.44.

4.7 5.

6aslt.q l, 6. J, 8. 9, 21.

Eecapa6nn.45. 66.

Iu Hrbp H uxoroe[Iannoen.{. 55.

luurrrup flerposu\, 49.
f r,rrurHrbp Coc|urn ktflTa.

farau. 39.45.

cKr,f

tr4sau

!uuursp

faepl,t,r, voHax. 31.

38.

78...80.

!unrurbp MurannHoB,
3apar.rttra,58.
flnn,rurrp O6urn , 67

49, 69.
fanpan,r Kprcrent{.{, 48.

feopru Craepo.40.

9. 19.

l4sau Bauoe, 48.

Vlsau Boropoe, 48.

50.53.

49

KaumAepe, 60.
KanuuoBcKH MaHacrup,

38.
Kapa Korso, 34,36.
Kapa Oefirr.r, 36.
Kapa4ururo, 14.
Kapar,rceu, cero, 60.
KapaHcrcarcuc. 41.
KapanerpoBa ropnr, 60.
Kapnonuu (Cper'a )., 32.

Vllpaxnv naura, 40.

hs. Kaca6os, 62.
VlsaH IV fpo:Hu, 35.

39.

25, 34, 35.

.qiKrrrra. 12.43.
BeHeurrq. 13. 20.

VT

Vl6paxuv 6eia,9.

Kaparro:, 39.
AuvrHrbp MaxeAoHcKH.

Kaueunua,44.
42.

3uenole,26,28.
3orpaQcrr,r MaHacrHp,
30.32.53.58.

14rcouoNaoe' 76.

BqgeFrrcoe. 80.

45.48.

Berxo flerpos. xair.4yr.

Boxlrr uop5a.qxn.3J

!unrurrp

fen. BopoHuoe.39.

E
Ea6a Hoeax. 17.

BPO. 63.

Ha peBonlouHoH -

6.

3larnurrco, 22, 23.

39,52.

Ha opraHH3auHt

I-apn6anAH. 60.

Be.,rec.

74,I5.

r.rreB,

3nprHnq, 39.

30.

5.

63.66.6J,68.J6.

A,rercau.qrp Exr apx 44.

Ar e rcaH.lrp H r r rcoJrae BI I LI

A,rrr Plrra nawa.47.

l. 56. 58. 62.

6rnrapltr, 6, 7, 10. 13.

14. I 8. I 9. 20. 21, )),

rrrrer. 78.

Arexclt. KanttraH. 4l

3axapn Kpyura,5l.
3axapn CroqHoe ,72,73.

!,epneHarcu,40
!.ptn" MexueA, 36.
AeqFr Bernurrcn,70.
flnap6ercnp, 6l .
An rrr HTparo{ Xaxxlrro!urr,rurp arcw, 34.
!u rra nrpnoc Baru KHornc,
40.

Brrperu

Byxypeur. 39. 40, 43, 44.

KoBu tt.

Brp6au flaHoe,45.

A rrrc narua. 7 I .

40.

l, 33,

Brlqau eolieora , 34.

Eyr,rylxa, 6l

flaeroBlr q Heit

Bpaua. 15, 17. 30.

Eouapr'rc.4l.
Eparrra.45.
Epauuroso. 73.
Epauroa. 48, 50.
Bpyca.14.

45. 48.5

,34, 40.

BoxeHcrco, l5

26. 69.
EocHa. 13,26, 10, 69.
Eorso flerros. 51.

A.qxap.30.3l.
Ar6aHrtq.6.
Areuro llopetaH. 9.
AlercaH Apnn.76.
A,rexcaHrrp II Oceo6o-

II

O KA3AIE

A3EI/TIE H II

Kamqeenq ruocr.

3afiuap.62.

Kanaapara, TJ

71

OcruaH, 61.
Kypyueurrtae,, 48.

KyrHucxa perca,44.

rKyLu 5yHap. 69.

KrocreHJtfJl. 15, 26. 27,

18.34,38.
rccreHALIncKtl caHA)KaK,

26.

32.

cxrr.

qc

-l

x..

Br-.

LI. -l

45.

l.

Heorfur Prr,'rcxrr. 19. 50.

51.

Hrr:art naua. -{0.

Hrrxtttlop Mvcraxos.

+i.

+-1.

Hrrno-ra MaprltHoe-

\I
\Ilrspo OpSrrHtt. 32.
\1.i:apa. 6. 9.
\lrtxc'-tt-ltlttr. 6. 15, 16.
I q. 16.21. 28. 29,31,
-r-r. i-+. 35. 38. 44. 48.
-irt 51. 51. 53. 59, 60.

'j h\. (1t).71.72.80,

9epreHoao.leua, 68.
Huro,'ra O6perenos. 63.
68.

Hrrro,ra CanyHon, 53.

H r,rKona Ch [,ros-KyPyro.
76.
Huxo,ra CptH4ax, 44.

Hnrola

I.r- rr.r

t,

1.:n-r.t1'lttii. rtoHax, 3 I

H uxo,ra

.\ lrrs. 43.

CraHucraeos.

'.1.,ttr ul. 16.

'.1.,tt,-1p
-11'ttl

flt Hllu.

HLItI

t15.

5eH;rll. 56'

7U.

"\ 1.tl'rtrn B.ra:ttltllpoBHa

Jy Sptracn a. ll.
', l.lpKr) Ei.llt-I\ - t0Btrq. 10.

HnroH. narpltapx, 35.

\ I.tpxo. raii:1r. I 6.
\ [:rreii Eecapa5a. 20.

Hrrru. 6.

'.'1.:t

r.

2I

Huronor,9, 18,21,23,
lq 6l

ii [l petlSl)axeHcKll-

rr Ki.r-ro rtr. 63
-.
t'
1.r\ \l\ -I llLlLUa. ]

\l:..:rtH.
t.Jt_

-::,''-'

18. 24,

26.27.28.35.44.

1r

8,9, 15.

Hrnuasa. -+-+.
Hlruxlt ec.rer.

Eoraau, 20. 21.

lletp

l-anuea.45.
fopaHoe. 7-1.
u k1:rraH Il.txostt.

a{

flenp
-1

ilertp

69.

flertp fiapueerru,
)) 14 1q

2I.

11

flupor 6, 8,

'!':1;lLl.a.

30,44,

lluporcxo. 29.38, 44,

45 5R
78. 80.

flroeans.6, 18,26.41,

s0, 51. 53. 60,62.63.

68,70.71,72,73.80.
fhoeur, 78.
Ilon6peHe, 72.
flo,rLua. 20, 21, 22, 35.

ilorrurr.

8. 9. I 8. I 9. 2 I
llorropasue. 6. I 5. 3-+.

fl6prara.36
flprr rpor. I5
flnn.t.'ncxo. I5. I6. :1.
flp..-1;1tt.

rl-txtt. J(l

ll|trxtrttll. ntrtt. J5

-t.
O-rprrrr. s. Lr.
-l-1.

ll. Jl. ll.

60. 6-1. 6N. -:. l{(l

llptr.1v1s,'.a. l\. q.35. -rs

fh iio. -l-l
flr,penrr Br'p5aHoa. -16.

Oxtr.rqrtua. Ti.

O:rtrtnu flattog. 66.

CrrrrrruyHA. rtMneParop,
6.7, 18. 19.
Currrcrpa, 6, 39, 41, 42,

43.49.
Cutnxmp,26,27

Cunpuau Po6epe 47.

Tarrep,raH, 6.
Tane, soiieo.qa. 16.
Tarapnarap.lxur, 74.
Taru.r. 45.

XaQt: naura. 72.

Xr.roc, 41.

Xpucraru flaerostlq. 29.

50.51.

Tertcxo, 7.
no,qxosH tlK' 39.
Teo$au JIoeeLuru, 18.

Teo:op.

Xpucro Eores. 51. 62.

6a.

TeoQaH, 29.
Teorlun PailHoe, 62.
Trrea, 40.
Tur,,lox. 7, 19, 39.

CruseH, 36. 62.

C,,ro6o:rlr,39.
Crvro.neH, 13.
Conaosl.Ir. 59.

Conor,31,62,70.

Coproueeuutr.6parr.
18.

Cotprrircxo. 6. 15.
38. ,+6. 69. 7s.

ll. 23.

Co$ttr.8. l-1. l+. 15. 16.

15. 16. 17.

-10.

1.35. -16. ll. 11.60.

6-1. 6-. 69. l. ti I
-1

40.

Xpr.rcro feoprtres. 48.

Xprrcro tr4gaHos-fore-

Trrvote. uouax.35.
Trrroe, nocrauur. 53.

uur,63.

Xprrcro KapaltttHroe-

Togop EanuHa, I 8.
Toaop.IlaHan,ron, 39.
Toaop Kupron,69.
To4op Kouaueo-Xoaxara,

Eyuuro. 68, 69.

Xpncro MareaoHcrlt'
Xpucro l-l,ones-JIarrt

-3

Cpe-tHoropttcro. I 6. -lt{.
72.
Craapoc l-eoplrrY.

-15.

rpa.q). 13.32.

I-lanro .{rocra6anon, 69.

Llapesa ,qt'raaAa. 77.
I-laprrrpaa. I 5. I 9. 26. 29.
31. 35, 44. 48. 50. 51.
52.53.59.60.68. 69.

TocyH 6er"r, 73.

Torne6eu, reH., 80.
8, I 8, I 9, 28, 33.
Tparcur,
'36.

53.60. 71, 81,63.

Tpauol,raaurtn. I 8. 25.
Tpecraneu, 3 l.
Tprrno,rttua. 40.
Tporucno. ll. 23. 6tt.

71.72.80.81.

Llssrxo Heaes. 5 l.
I-lerrxo flaa.roeuv. 59.
I-{e:ap EapoHuii. 32.
I\o,ro To4opon, 46. 47.

69.

Tptcr eHrtxor-r1 I Icrtall,r

irr a. -16.

T1

-i I

Xypu-rua naura,40.

To4opra. soilsoaa, 16.

Tova Krpaxlten,63.
TonorHuua, 70.

ll{.
CnttpltltrH. rttluar.
60.

Xpucroc.12,13.

lxu.68.

Tprena.30.31.37.

rl
9ae5ap eoi'rao1a, 15, 16.
Haxtp eoiraoaa,49.
9ap,rrr. 16.

-{0.

+1. 19. 50

pH1 Marl Pe-re. 59.

76.
Tr Dur CeseptrH. I

:s. :q.

9enrruo.

76.

ll. ll.

Tvnuls. l+: lo.

:-s.

l.

11. 42. 14.

48. 55.56.63.
TvrparaH.4L

7U. 81.

59, 69. 78.

Crapo Hoeo ceno, 70.

tl

Paruro flerpoe. a-p. 55.

Craporaropcro. 36.

flaee-r 5o6exos.69.
flage-r Bellt.rNon. \loHax,

Pr,rna, 58.

CrerfaH Eoroprr.qn, 53.

Cre$au Er,rrapuH, xa-

Y:yH Mrrpro Anocroroenq.38.

VHraprar. 6, 9. 10. I l.

axlr,40.
Cre$aH Kapaaxa. 55.

YHrapurt,

38.

ParrpaqcKo, 36.

Pnu.21,27,38,39.
Pur*.trurc. 35.

Poaonure. 13,36.

-18.
I [1.

flaec.r \lare:oHcxrr- 39.

40.

llarap:xttx. -l+. 61. 6ll.

t.71.
flaucuir flitosl.ttscrtt.
70,7

PocrHcras CraHuuttpoe.rq,22.23.
Py:o,rd II, 19.
Pyrrrua nofino4a, 16.

llauairor Xhroe. 56, 58,

58.

Cre$aH JIa:apeerru. 6.
Cre$aH lauen,69,74.
CrerfaH Crav6o,ros, 68.

74,76.
CretPaH Tourronrrv, 48.

50. 51. 52. 53. 56. 62.

Crou,r soirso.{a, 69. 75.

Croaeroe, reHepal, 78.

35.39..11. 43.47,48,

13. 30, 32. 33.

79.

PvrrsHues. 33.
Pvce. 60.
Pvgrq. 19. 21. 22. 30, 33,

flaucrfi Xrr,reutapcxtt.
llaHaropuure. 34, 63. 69.
70.7 | ,72. 73.

51. 58. 62. 68. 69. 78,

6e. 7tr. 79. 80.

8 I

Cre$o [aruarHHeua,
73.

Crosn Er,rqnu, 35.

CroqH 3auMos, 68.

Casa Euu6auu.40.

Croru trlHrxe eoilaora,

Caea Ka'rpatlluoB. non,

40.
CroqH KanHraHcxtt, 58.

76.77.

Croru Kaponee. 69.

flaHaper. 52.

Casa M,laaeHoe. 63.

Caea Oruaperoe, 5l .

llauAeru Kucunoa,49.

Case,ru

CroaH 9an4ap.44.

66.

ir,{y6poecxrt,

Crosn flr,xos, 73.

3.

9epxacxu. rHss, 7tl.

t{epno lrope. 9. 48.
gebqura pera. 72.

I{rinpoeeu. 21,24,25,
34.

Pa,ro KaraHAxfiqra, 42.

CriHro 6oraxilqra.44.
Crauxo Xapau6aulrlu,

He-

v,67.

Toaop flerroe-9oP6a-

Crrlrc fttHee.
L nlrplt.trrtr Lflr rteltcxtt.

eg.ts.ta.tt.

Xplrcro 6'urrapltH. xaaxll.

59.

Cr6nue. 15,27,28. 52.

Croncro, I 5.

lxepoe.

natl.a,21 XapuroH, non,74.75.

Xacas naura. 17.
Xacroeo, 68.

Toaop JIe@repoe. 74.

CupMa soi{eoAa, 16.

l'. tt.

Xatut

Crp. 16.34.

PailHo flonouuq, 50.

Myrono.l).
H. M. Tourrcos, 48.
H. n. IlrHarttee, 52.
H. X. flanay:oe, 48.

18.19.

Xa4NI,rnyronr.r, 72.

I{ere6ll.6.

Crapa n,rauuHa, 15, 58.

flaHaiior Boroe. 68, 70.

72.73.
llanafi or <DorttqHo. 4 l.

+-+.

7.

Xa4xra.(lrvurtp. 58.

Tr,oHoscra EtnraPns, 6.
Ttpuoecxo, 13. i2, 26.
29.39.42. 44. 46, 49.
58. 59. 68. 69.

53.

\lr c mrltt C afillt. tlitua.

41

XaaNu Br'nqo. 30. 32.

CraHqo Pa.qosrrq. 45.

Crapa 3aropa, '7. 16. 34.

flaae.r J,xop:xeatt.t.

3.

Crc,reilmaH

Ces,rueso. 39.
CesrttescKo. 69.
Cere.r. 8. 10.
Cer,ieu:oprf . rpaQ. 35.
Ce.rrrv [[. l-1.
Ce.rrnr f rrpaii. 13. 26.
17. 28.

Xa6c6ypru, 25.

Pag,lof, 16,34.
Paiixoso. 13.
Pailua flonreoprneea Oyreroea (PaitHa KHrrtrHr), 69.

ii

CLp6n, 6. 9. 17, 22.24.

32. 34. 35. 38.40.42.
Crc,refiuaH naua, 6, 78,

Ocrtau naura. 80.

\ltrrrceii. rtouax. 30.

\ltr.r:oea. I8. )0,21, 30.

\ 1,, i''' r.r Trir apcxrt.

\1., e .1. ('.'. \1r e rur;.r. --l

<DpyxuH 6, 7. 8. 9, I 0. I I .

Crpyra. 50.
Crpyvuua, 34.

Paauv. 16.

Iirec.r [-;larta:oe.

\lriril II.9. ll.

)l )4

Crpe,rva, 70. 72.

16.
ObNran fiarsaHroriry. 36.

\lrruo l-auo. -10.

Pyolr, 30.

OpaHvecxo Corll.l tlPoettu.

Oprxono,6.9.

O.raxoe. 35.

\IocKtrBCKo

2t.

16.

26,28.

Pa,t Tycquiicrrt, 73.

Paaeuru, reHePa,r, 79.

54. 56.
Ocroq. 6.

l(J. +1. 45. 48.

\k'l-r.ra I l:prrc naula, 39.
\ltrcxea. 22. 23, 35. 50.

OpaHsecro MapKaHH'{.

Opuroea. 9, 24.

Ocltaucxa nuneplrr. 12,

l 3. l 8. 22, 44. 47, 48,

7-1.

Crpaxun eofieoaa,

79. 80.

Cgrruoe,40. 50.
Catpnlrr, I L

Crrrrpo

pu, 9.

nonKoBHHK,

35.

Cysopos. 35.

30.

Cs. Htrro,rair Co<f ttiicxrt.

13.31.
Csertt Httrcora. epr'x. 79.

Crasttrtaxa (AceHoe-

Op;rono r-HerJ.o. 79.

\lrrra-rurr.

cru. 12. 13.31.

Cs. IIsaH PIt,rcnrr. 29,

Cupuu+rrrr.26.

5R

69

( )BL.rt. 6. (l

()-rccl.

lt,

Carua Hganosuq, 55.

Cr. leoprr.r Hoeu Corlnii-

Curu:uyH.l,6.7, 18, 19.

fier-up CrorHoe. 58.

llex,,lHsaH Mexvea naura, I 3.
lluxoaonrtuu. reg. 26. 27.

il

)1

16,25, 31. 32,

34, 38.49.

CurrrrrryH.l EaroPu. 6,

20.

flerr,p ConlrHar, 2l

CrosHos,

)1

Ceprtti-t. oreu xa.lxtl.

KoaaveattT . 8.

llerup [Iaprtaros.

flon \apttroH \a-raqes.

jt'

tt.

llerup Ilop:auos. 76.

-+-+.

HrurNo. -1|i. J-+

HoBlr Ca-l. 5J.

Jr

flertp

n,reseH, 15, 59, 62, 63,

Touiroettq, 48.

Huronafi I.42.
Huxolail Mycraros, 39.
Hrrro,rat't H hro,'Iaesltq,

flertp I. 35.
flenp Earcureo,2l.
flertp EepoH, 50.
flertp Eo6eron,71,73.

/.s

35.

llerxo P C,'raeeilxos. 49.

flerxo Mapttuoe,46.

Ilerlp
-+ll.

Hrrxrrdrop. rrbrrax. -i l.
Hrrxo.ra Boiieo-tos. 59.
Hrrxora Boiitioecxtl. 76.
Hrrno-rir Bvxrtq. 39.
H rr xo.'ra I-aiirau.f, i{itttra.

16.

flerep6ypr, 33.
llerKo IlsaHon l-apa$tt.

52.

-lrletrr rpoH Ea.leH. 26.

-1r-tt'rroprte. 7.
-l n'rfieH KapaBe.roB. (.'3.
(-r

fielonosec. 40. 4l.

Heo(lrrr Eo:sertt. -{8.

61. 61

--ltrulllH.

fiarprlapx Hnxos. 35.

HeHo Maprruor. 60.

-leoH Kypeon, 79.

-lepnHcKo. 15,, 16.
-lrrceu. eprx. 73.
--lt'rseq, 30. 33 , 43, 62, 63.

. 69.
-lt-nr. 15. 46,47
.lt-rvcKo. 46.

)',

CaN.ronos,

53.

Hernrurt.6. 7. 8. 9.21. 52.

HeHxo CrorHoe TeP:lrit-

.I
JaspeHrlrii.
JaryLu. 16.

flapreHnfi 3orpaQcrn.

HaeapuH,41.
Harap Kapa:l,rH, 35.
HaiiaeH lepon, 5l .
Hanoaeon IIl, 56.
Heepoxon, 16,63.
Heryur, 14,40.
Heaxrl6 ara, 7l .
Hefiroao. 37.

Kyuosnua, ?5.
Kyrnono. 1 3.

TipHoeo, 19. 22, 27 ' 29,

3b. 38. 42. 43.48.49.
50. 55. 60. 62.63.67,

68.74.78.

gupnau. 16.34.62.68.

lll
llleirHoeo, 80.
llleiirau Tolop, 34.
lUrrnra, 80.

lllunqeucru 6annaH.

5.

IIIHn,{eucru npoxoa, 78.

lllrrLuuau lll, 19.

IIIrorpa. 36.

?r

Rt

8.9,26,27,

69,78.

lllvep6au KaHrarYrtlH
t3.

ru

28.

I!nn,

50.
U{ror"rep, 6apoH, 39.

Vcroeo. I 3.

Io

Oa:,rr naura. 75.

<DepalHaua III.2l.
@epesu llluuvau, I

lUyneu, 9, 41, 48, 68'

IO,'rnaH 9e:aprrHrt. I 0
IOpaaH Epa.aara. xaaxtl'

l.

42.

Ou,rttvott.,,KanltraH".

Iopuli BeHenrrn. 50.

35.

Ounnn Torro,56,58.
Olt,rttn LUnuruau, I l.
Onrtrno,4elt CroraPtt,

fl
-frrraNIr Torau, 10.

.flv6oncro. 34.

6.

OpaureHcroro nlaro.
10.

<Dpauuur, 2 I . 4 I . 48.

5 I

53.69.
Opauvecro Kouay,rvtte-

'

-flH

Ka:uurrp.2l.

.flHro EtnraprrH, 4l

flurpa,73.fluyur

u.

Xyurlrt, 6. 8.

10,

o,

03

t2 . 84

froKA3ArEU HA rrrrocTpAr1nvrrE
T4KAPTILTE
33

Lkrccrpauuu:

AurouvHa

Ba6yrc.rvreBa

(rope urno),

TaHq Kprcreaa (Eony B cpeaara)

34 - ArerccaHAbp Brqrcoe

CrpanraqH:
6 - AHroHr4Ha Ea6yrcuveBa (rope nnrno)
7 - BIa1lal.rlap Aururr4rpoB
8 ArexcaHAbp BrqKoe (aony BrrnBo),

KprcreBa (aony nnrno)

ArercaHAbp Brqrcon (rope n4rcHo)

9 - Hurcolafi fsoHoe

6; 7), Taur KprcreBa (oprxran 2; 4;8;

l0

TaHq Kprcrena (e cpeAara

Hnrcorafi froHoB
HHxorafi fsoHoB
Hnrcorafi froHoB

14 15 - [urrurrp flerpoe
16 - ArerccaHAbp Br.{rcon (rope n4rcno)
17 - AneKcaHAbp 3aHKoB (rope BrqBo opb)Kr.rs 2;3), TaHa KprcreBa (rope BJIflBo
opb)Kr4fl l; 4), BraAnMLrp AHrurl4rpoB
l3

(aonYl
1

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vrl"p flerpon (rope

BAncHo),

fiurrurrp flerpoB (aony nnrno)

19 ArercaHAbp Brqrcos (rope

BrrnBo),

lnrrurrp flerpoB (aony n4xcHo)

20 - EeerHH fiurvurpoB
22-23 [nvvtrrp flerpon
24 - ArerccaHAbp Brqrcoe
25 - Taus Kpscrena
26 - Huxorafi froHoB
27 - Hnxorafi froHoB
28 - EserraH luvurpoB
29 - TaHs Kprcrena
30 - Taus Kprcrena
31 - TaHq KprcreBa (rope nnreo),

- Tass KptcreBa (rope nnrno), Taun

36 - ArerccaHAbp Brqxoe
37 - AlexcaHAbp 3aHrcoe

(oprxnr l; 3; 5;

l0; ll)

urno)

l0 (narcHo)-l I - BIaAHMHp lurvurpoB

12

35

9;

38 - BnatruMup luwurpoB
39 - AHToHlaHa Ea6yrcuneBa

40 - AnroH:ana Ea6yxvr4eBa (rope uxno),

ArexcaHAbp Brqroe (aony n4rcno)
4l - BraAnMnp luwmrpoB
42 - Tans Kplcrena

43 44 45 46 47 48 49 -

lurrurrp llerpon

BraAuMlrp

60 - AHroH vrHa Ea6yrc.r vreBa (rope ngrcuo),

AHrouuHa Ea6yrcuueBa (rope nnrno)
60 (aony BAncHo)-61 - [uvrnrbp flerpon
62 - Auronr4Ha Ba6yrcur4eBa (rope n4rcHo)
63 - ArexcaHAbp Bt.rxos
64-65 - Hnxo tafi froHos
66 - Hnxolafi froHoB
67 - ArexcaHAbp Br.{rcoe

68

AHrounHa Ea6yrcuveBa (n cpeAara

BJrqBo), AHToHHHa Ba6yrcqneBa (rope

n4rcHo)
69 - ArexcaHAbp Brqrcoe

70

ArexcaHAbp Br.{xoe
IIunns E$rnruoBa

BtaruMnp

Anros vHa Ba6yx.r veBa (aony n4rcHo)

59 AlexcaHAbp Br.{xos (rope elrno),
Huxolafi froHoB (aony ngrcHo)

BtatnMr4p [vrvnrpoB (aony urno),

ArerccaHAbp Brqrcon (rope n4rcno)

7l - ArexcaHAbp Brqrcos

[vlnrpoB

72

[uvnrpoB

AuroHnHa Ba6yx.rveBa
AuroHvrHa Ba6yrcvveBa (rope n4rcHo),
TaHq Kprcrena (n cpeAara), TaHr KpscreBa
(n cpeaara nnrno), Bla4vulzp flur.,r'urpoB

(aony ngrcno)
50 - AurouvHa Ea6yx.rveBa
5l - Taus KprcreBa (rope nnrno) ,, flunvtn
E$rnvroBa (aony nErcHo)

52 - AuroHlaHa Ea6yrcu vreBa

54 - fuwur:"p llerpon
55 - Hnxorafi froHoB

- fulurrp flerpoB

73 - Bta1nMup fiurvurpoB
74
75
76

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- AHToHlaHa Ba6yrcuveBa (rope n4rcHo),

CroqH flonoe (aony;

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80-8 I - Hrarcolafi froHoe
78
79

(.qory)

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56 (aony BAquro)-57 - BraAuMLrp [uvn56

Crpanr,rqn:

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rpoB

32 - AHroH vHa Ba6yrc.r veBa

58

16 (aony;, 23 (rope), 53, 62 (aory;, 72

(rope), 79 (rope) - I4K TaHrpa TauHax Pa

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3a rrepltoAa or rraAaHero Ha Burapux noA ocMaHcKo po6crno Ao Hefisoro
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Euqzxrone4Lrara e IIeHeH c[paBoqHLIK 3a uafr-urzpoK Kpbr

II OTJILITIEH TIOMOIUHI4K 3A YqEHI,TUKITE.

rsBN 954-8615-65-7

,ililIruil [il[[L|ill

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