RECAPITULARE

De acum inainte yom incepe lectiile cu 0 scurta recapitulare a materialului anterior. Tot aici vor fi
prezentate cuno~tintele de gramatica din lectia urmatoare.

1. Articolul hotiirat the:

the tower the school

the train the table

the car the time

the office the apple

Daca euvantul care urmeaza dupa artieolul hotiirat ineepe eu 0 voeala, atunei pronuntia
articolului hotarat este [DZi]:

the applc > [IYi Epl]

the eye > rlYi ail

2. De cCIe l1111i Illllite ori 1(1I"nHII1l plundlll slIhstantivclor adaugand euvalltului terrninatia -s:
suit suits > [su:ts]

ship ships > [~ips]

Daea substantivul la singular se termina eu un sunet surd; atunei termina\ia de plural se

pronunta [s]:
book - books > [buks]

cat - cats > [kEts]

Daea insa substantivulla singular se termina eu un sunet sonor, atunei terminatia de plural se
pronunta [z]:

car - cars > [ka:rz]

day - days > [deiz]

Daea ultima litera a euvantului este s, sh, ch, x atunci pluralul se formeaza prin adaugarea
terminatiei -es, care se pronunta [iz]:

bus - buses > [basiz]

house - houses > [hauziz]

 " "
LECTIA
, 9 PARTEA INTAI

fncepem lectia lnvatiind obi~nuitul set de cuvinte noi. Cititi-Ie elar ~i cu voce tate:

quarter >[kuo:rtar] - sfert, sfert de ceas/ora

husband >[hazband] - sot

bookcase > Ibukkeis] - raft, biblioteca

lamp :{lEmp] -lampa

plant >[pla:nt] - planta

tie >ftai] - cravatll

dining-room ~~ dllin i Il(~) I'll: III I ,,~ sufragerie

breakfast :~ hrW, lilsll mic dejun

parents ;'1 pClIrilllls! pilrin(i

shirt >f ~il:ll] """ cl'una~ll

hospital >[hospitJ] -- spital, clinica

Sa repctilm cuvintele, intr-o alta ordine:

quarter >[kuo:rtar] - sfert, sfert de ceas/ora

tie >[tai] -cravata

husband :{hazband] - sot

parents >[pearants] - parinti

hospital >[hospitl] - spital, clinica

shirt :{~a:rt] -cama~ii

lamp >[lEmp] -lampli

breakfast >[brEkIast] -mic dejun

dining-room >[dainin(g) ru:m] - sufragerie

bookcase >[bukkeis] - raft, biblioteca

plant >[pla:nt] - plantii

Sa introducem cuvintele noi in propozitii. Repetati-le cu voce tare ~i titi atenti la prommtia lor:
We have many plants >[lli: hEv meni pla:nts Et - Acasa avem multe plante.
at home. haum]

Her husband is rich. >[ha: r hazband iz rit~] - Sotul ei este bogat.

These lamps are expensive. >rrYi:zIEmps a:' ikspensiv] - Aceste lampi sunt scumpe.

I want to buy a shirt. >[ ai "0ll tlll hai a ~it:'!1 Vreau sa cumpar 0 cama~a.

It is on the bookcase. >[ it iz Oil IYil bllkkeis] _.0 Acela este pe raft.

It's a quarter past five. > [its a k"o:'tar pa:st faiv] - Este cinci ~i un sfert.

Do you know his parents? > [du iu: nau hiz pearants] - Ii cuno~ti pe parintii lui?

I often eat breakfast at seven. >[ai ofn i:t brEkrast Et sevn] - Eu iau des micul dejun la ~apte.

He doesn't like ties. >[hi: damt laik taiz] - Nu-i plac cravatele.

I must go to hospital. >[ ai mast gau tu hospitl] - Trebuie sa merg la spital.

We have a large dining-room. >[lli; hEv a la:fdj - Avem 0 sufragerie mare.

dainin(g) ru:m]

Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele nou invatate:

Cama~ile mele sunt ieftine. - My> shirts are cheap.

Trebuie sa cumpar 0 cravata. - I must buy a> tie.

Sunt ~i parmtii lui aici? - Are his > parents also here?

In casa noastra sunt mUlte plante. - There are many> plants in our house.

Eu vreau sa am aceasta lampa verde. - I want to have this green> lamp.

Sotul tau este fratele meu. - Your> husband is my brother.

P!!Ae aceasta biblioteca in donnitorul nostru. - Put this> bookcase in our bedroom.

Ei yin peste un sfert de ora. - They are coming in a > quarter of an hour.

De obicei milncam in sufragerie. - We usually eat in the> dining-room.

Ce iti place sa mananci la micul dejun? - What do you like to eat for> breakfast?

Tatal meu trebuie sa mearga la spital. - My father must go to > hospital.

Retineti utilizarea cuvilntului for in urmatoarele expresii:

What do you like to eat - Ce iti place sa mananci

for breakfast? la micul dejun?

What's for breakfast today? - Ce este azi la micul dejun?

Sa vedem daca ati retinut cuvintelenoi. Traduceti in limba engleza urmatoarele propozitii:

Aceste plante trebuie sa fie in grMina. >Thesc plants must be in the garden.

Nu-mi place sa fiu in spitaL >1 don't like to be in hospitaL

Este doua ~i un sfert. (Este trecut cu >It's a quarter past two.

15 minute de ora doua.)

S0tu1 meu conduce intotdeauna ma~ina. >My husband always drives the car.

Putem sa luam impreuna micul dejuil? >Can we eat breakfast together?

Pune aceste cacti in biblioteca. >Put these books on the bookcase.

Parintii mei au bani putini. >My parents have little money.

Care cam~a pot s-o iau? >Which shirt can I take?

Trebuie sa iau ~i 0 cravam? >Must I also take a tie?

Aceste veioze sunt frumoase, dar prea >These lamps are nice, but too
scumpe. expensive.

Putem sa fumam in sufragerie. >We can smoke in the dining-room.

Articolul hotiidit the se poate amite In cazul unor cuvinte ca: mother, father, town, church, music.
In cele ce urmeazii va prezentiim ~i alte cazuri asemiiniitoare, ca de exemplu:

Inaintea denumirii meselor principale, folosite la modul general:

She always cats breakfllst at sewn. . Ell la intotdeauua mieul dejun la ~apte.

!naintea denumirU anotimpuri/or, dacli Ie jhlosim la modul general:

Do you like summer'? - 1ti place vara?

Daca vrem sii ne referim la 0 masii, sau la un anotimp anume, atunci trebuie safolosim articolul
hotiirdt the.

The dinner which I am eating now is good. - Cina pe care 0 mananc acum este buna.

Inaintea cuviintului hospital- spital, clinica nufolosim articolul hotiirdt, daciiparticipam la activitate
in calitate de bolnav:

I must go to hospital. - Trebnie sa merg la spital.

Daca mergem la spital in caUtate de vizitator sau ca membru al personalului, atunei spunem:

I go to the hospital every day. - Merg la spital in fiecare zi.

Acum yom invata cateva verbe Doi:

to park ::{ tu pa:Ck] - a parca, a staliona

to get up ::{ tu get ap] - a se ridica in picioare,

a se scula din pat

to put on ::{tu put on] - a se imbraca, a ~eza

to stay ::{tu steil - a sta, a ramane

to have breakfast >[tu hEy brEkfast] - a lua micul dejun

to make >[tu meik] - a face, a confeqiona

Sa introducem verbele noi in propozitii:

In Romania we always stay > ~n ru:mcinia "i: o:J"ciz - In Romania starn

at a hotel. stci I':t ~l hautel] intotdeauna la hotel.

Tomorrow I must get up at >[liunorau ai mast get ap - Maine trebuie sa rna scol
6 in the morning. I':t siks in DZa mo:'nin(g)] la 6 dimineata.

You can park the car here. >[ ill: kEn pa:'k DZa ka:' - Poti sa parchezi m~ina
hia'] aiei.

What time do you usually >[Uot taim du iu: iu:juali - La ce ora iei de obieei
have brcakfast? hEy brEkfast] micul dejun?

Can I put on my father's >[kEn ai put on mai - Pot sa (rna) imbrac (cu) costumul
suit? fa:Dza'z su:t] tatalui meu?

They make chairs in this >[DZei meik t~ea'z in - Ei confectioneaza scaune

factory. DZjs fEktari] ill aceasta fabrica.

Pentru exersarea cuvintelor noi completati urmatoarele propozitii In limba engleza:

Imbracati 0 carn~a alba. - > Put on a white shirt.

Trebuie sa stau zece zile ill spital. - I must> stay in hospital for ten days.

Nu putem parca pe aceasta strada. - We can't> park in this street.

Nu-mi place sa rna scol dimineata. - I don't like to > get up in the morning.

Dumneavoastra, luati illtotdeauna micul dejun - Do you always> have breakfast at eight?
la ora opt?

Tatal meu coIifectioneaza acum 0 biblioteca. - My father is > making a bookcase now.

Verbul to have eu sensul: a avea, a poseda nu sefolose!jte la prezentul continuu.ln unele situafii fnsii,
eu ajutorullui fnloeuim alte verbe. In aeeste eazuri putem folosi verbul to have :;i la timpul prezent
continuu:

to eat breakfast to have breakfast

to drink tea to have tca

to smoke a cigarette to have a cigarette

Are you having breakfast now? - lei acum micul dejun?

What tea is be baving now? - Ce fel de ceai bea el acum?

John is baving his fourth cigarette. - John fumeaza a patra tigara.

Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza folosind forma corespunzatoare a verbului
to have:

Peter ~i Mary beau cafea acum. > Peter and Mary are having coffee now..

Acum am doi caini ~i 0 pisica. > Now I have two dogs and one cat.

Ei iau micul dejun acum? > Are they having breakfast now?

A cata ligara furnezi acum? > Which cigarette are you having now?

Momentan nu am bani. > I have no money at the moment.

., ';:';'_.
~'
1C';~~;::'

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.a-
~..;;)'.-~.

6: .. ---.--.-----.~---------~

Acum vom inwitaformele verbului to be la timpul trecut simplu (the Simple Past Tense [DZa simpl .-
pa:st tens]). Acesta se folose:jte pentru exprimarea unei aCfiuni care s-a petrecut in trecut, la un
moment determinat :ji nu are legiiturii cu prezentul. De obicei folosim aliituri de el urmiitoarele '
complemente de timp:

yesterday > [iestardei], [iestardi] - ieri

ago > [agau] - in urma(eu), aeum(-)

last > [la:st] - ultim, (eel) din urma, treeut

Aceste complemente de timp stau la inceputul sau la sfar:jitul propozipei.

Sii urmiirim acum folosirea cuvintelor ago :ji last in urmiitoarele structuri:
two days ago - in urma eu doua zile, acum doua zile
three weeks ago - in urma cu trei saptamani, acum tre~saptamani
four years ago - in urma eu patru ani, acum patru ani
last year - anul treeut
last month - luna trecuta
last Sunday - duminiea treeuta
Iattiformele verbului to be la trecut simplu:

I was ;fai "oz] - eu am fost, eu eram

you were ;fiu "a:'] - tu ai fost, tu erai, dumneavoastra

ati fast, dumneavoastra erati

he was ;fhi: "Oz] - el a fast, el era

she was :f~i: "ozl - ea a fost, ea era

It was :;f it "0/,1 aceasta a fost/asta a fost, era

(genu I neutru)

we were :;f"i: "a:'] -- noi am lost, noi eram

you were ;fiu: "a:'] - voi ati fost, voi erati

they were ;f DZei "a:'] - ei au fost, ei erau

fn urmatoarele propozitii am utilizat formele verbului to be la timpul trecut simplu alaturi de

complementul de timp corespunzator:

Yesterday I was at home in ::fiesta'dei ai U oz Et - leri seara am fost acasa.

the evening. Mum in DZi i:vnin(g)]

I know you were in England ;f ai nou iu: "a:' in - ~tiu ca ai fast in Anglia.
two years ago. in(g)gHlnd tu: iia'z agau] in urma cu doi ani.

Last week he was in hospital. ;fla:st "i:k hi: uoz in - Saptamana trecuta el a
hospitl] fost in spital.

Last month she was in ;fla:st manTs ~i: "oz in - Luna trecuta ea a fast in
Bucharest. bukarest] Bucure~ti.

It was a long time ago. ;f it "oz a lon(g) taim - Aceasta a fast cu mult
agau] timp in unna.

Three years ago we were ;fPri: iia'z agau "i: "a:' - fn unna cu trei ani am
in that factory. in DZet lEktari] fast in fabrica aceea.

I think you were there ;f ai T'in(g)k iu: "a:' - Cred ca ai fast acolo ieri.
yesterday. [)Zea' iesta'dei]

Ten years ago they were ;f len iiarz iigau DZei "a:' - fn urma cu zece ani ei
babies. hcibiz] erau bebelu~i.

Completati propozitiile in Iimba englcza. Folositi filtrul ro~u:

Mama mea a fost in Anglia in urma cu - My mother >was in England >a week ago.
o saptamana.

Ace~ti oameni au fost in Romania anul trecut. - These people >wcrc in Romania >last year.

leri am fost in gradina lui. -Yesterday I >was in his garden.

Anul trecut am fost impreuna. -Last year we >were together.

In unnii cu doi ani ai fost in Anglia. -Two years ago you :were in England.

~tiu ca el a fost la tine acasa ieri. - I know he :was at your house

>yesterday.

7
A fast anul trecut. - It> was last year.

Dumneavoastra ati fast luna trecuta la - You> were at your daughter's school
~coala fiicei dumneavoastra. > last month.

Forma de interogativ a verbului to be la timpul trecut simplu se formeazii prin inversarea ordinii
subiectului cu forma corespunzritoare a verbului la timpul trecut.
Construc!ia rrispunsului afirmativ: cuvantul yes, urmat de pronumele personal # de forma
corespunzritoare a verbului to be.
Construc!ia nega!iei: cuvantul no, urmat de pronumelepersonal, deforma corespunzritoare a verbului
to be ~i de cuvdntul not. Construc!ia was not prescurtatii devine wasn't [Uozut]; constructia were not
devine weren't [Ua:'nt).

De exemplu:

I was at school yesterday.

Were you at school Yes,Iwas. No, I was not.

yesterday?
> [Ua:' iu: Et sku:l iesta'dei] > [nau ai uoz not]

- Ai fast ieri la ~coala? -Da, (am fast). - No, I wasn't.

> [nau ai Uozut]

- Nu, (nu am fost).

They were at home last week.

Were they at home last Yes, they were. NQ, they were not.
week?
> l"a:'1 )/l;i 1':1 h:llIllI la:s( lIi:kl > 1ies I)lei "n:'1 > luall IYei "a:' not]
Au J(lsl ci llCUS!\ Du, (uu l(lSl). - No, they weren't.

saptamfUlll lrccull\'l > [nau DZci lI a:'nt]

- Nu, (nu au fast).

Last year he was in England.

Was ,he in England last Yes, he was. No, he was not.

year?
> [Ua:' hi: in in(g)gliind la:st iia'] > [ies hi: U oz] > [nau hi: uoz not]

-A fast el in Anglia? -Da,(afost). -No, he wasn't.

anul trecut? > [nau hi: uoznt]

- Nu, (nu a fost).

Formulati intrebari ~i raspunsuri scurte la urmatoarele propozitii, in limba engleza:

Yesterday she was at work. - >. Was she at work yesterday?

- Yes, > she was.

- No,> shewasn't.

We were together last year. - > Were we together last year?

- Yes,> we were.
- No,> weweren't.
They were in his office yesterday. - > Were they in his office yesterday?
- Yes, > they were.
- No, > they weren't.

He was a good boy ten years ago. - > Was he a good boy ten years ago?
- Yes, > he was.
-- No, > he wasn't.

In cazul intreMrilor mai detaliate a~ezam cuvantul interogativ la inceputul intrebiirii:

When were you in England? > [Uen ua:r iu: in i.n(g)gHind] - Cand ai fost in Anglia?

Why wasn't she at work > [Uai uoznt ~i: Et ua:'k - De ce nu a fost ea la
yesterday? iestardei] serviciu ieri?

AceasHt ncgatie poate fi folosita ~i in propozitii complete:

She wasn't in England three > [~i Uoznt in in(g)gland - Ea nu a fost in Anglia in
years ago. Pri: iiarz agau] urma eu trei ani.

My parents weren't here > [mai peiiriints Uli:rnt hiar - Piirlntii mei nu au fost ieri
yesterday iestardei] aici?

Tradllce\i lIrmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

Unde au fost ei sambiita trecutii? > Where were they last Saturday?

Cine a f(lS( in biroullui in urma cu 0 ora? > Who was in his offiee an hour ago?

Sora lor nu a fost la Londra saptiimana trecuta. > Their sister wasn't in London last week.

leri nu lUll fost la oficiul po~tal. > Yesterday we weren't at the post-office.

Sa ne intoarccm la formarea pluralului. ~tim deja ea unele substantive formeaza pluralul in mod
neregulat. 1n cele ee urmeaza yom invata alte doua modalitati de formare a pluralului neregulat:

1. Substantive care la formarea pluralului f$i schimbii riidiicina $i pronunfia:

foot > [fut] - pieior, laba feet > [fi:t] - pieioare

piciorului

tooth >[tu:P] - dinte, masea teeth > [ti:P] - dinti

goose >[gu:s] - gasea geese > [gi:s] -g~te

mouse> [maus] - ~oarece mice > [mais] - ~oareci

ehild > [t~aild] - eopil children > [t~ildran] - eopii

2. Substantive care se terminii fn -f, iar la plural acesta se schimbii fn v. Dacii f e urmat de e,
atunci fi adiiugiim doar un -s, altfel cuwintul prime$te terminafia -es:

loaf > ~aufJ - franzela, paine loaves > [lauvz] -franzele

(de 0 anumita forma)

- sotie, nevasta wives - sotii, neveste

9
 shelf >[ ~elf] -raft shelves >[~elvz] -rafturi

life >[laif] - viata lives >[laivz] - vieti

half >[ha:f] - jumatate halves >[ha:vz] - jumatati
leaf >[li:f] - frunza leaves >[li:vz] -frunze
knife >[naif] - cutit knives >[naivz] - cutite

Aproape toate accste cuvinte sunt noi pentru dumneavoastra. De aceea, repetati-Ie intr-o alta ordine:

life >[laif] - viata lives >[ Jaivz] - viep

knife >[naif] - cutit knives >[naivz] - cutite

tooth >[tu:T'] - dinte, masea teeth >[ti:T'] - dinti
loaf >[Jiiuf] - franze/a, paine loaves >[lauvz] - franzele

mouse >[maus] - ~oarece mice >[mais] - ~oareci

leaf >[li:f] -frunza leaves >[li:vz] -frunze

wife >[uaif] - sope, nevasta wives >[Uaivz] - sotii, neveste

foot >[fut] - picior, laba feet >[fi:t] - picioare

child >[t~aild] - copil children >[ t~ildran] - copii

shelf >[~elf] -raft shelves >[~elvz] -rafturi

goose >[gu:s] - gasca geese >[gi:s] - ga~te

half >[ha:/] - jumatate halves >[ha:vz] - jumatap

"A wife is cutting a loaf into halves with a knife."

Acum yom invata 0 serie de cuvinte noi:

downstairs >[ daunsteafz] - la parter, jos

in front of >[ in frant ov] - in fata, dinaintea

opposite >[opiizil] - vizavi de, in partea cealalta

after >[:1: Ilarl - dupa, dupa aceea

still >[ still . inca, mai

Sa folosim cuvintclc noi 1n propozitii:

The hotel is opposite our >[DZa hautel iz opazit] - Hotelul este vizavi de
house. auafhaus] casa noastra.

He is still working. >[hi: iz stil uii:'kin(g)] - Ellucreaza inca.

Park the car in front of this >[pa:rk DZa ka: f in frant ] - Parcheaza ma~ina in fata
building. ov DZis bildin(g) ] acestei cladiri.

Our kitchen is >[ auaf kit~iin iz] - Bucatana noastra este la

downstairs. daunstea'z] parter.

I think he was there after six. >[ ai TSin(g)k hi: Uoz] - Cred ca el a fost acolo
DZeaf a: na' siks] dupa ~ase.

Completati propozitiile in lirnba engleza folosind cuvintele nou invatate:

Pot parca acolo dupa opt. - I can park there> after eight.

Ea tocmai se duce la parter. - She is just going> downstairs.

Acest om este in fata casei noastre. - This man is > in front of our house.

El te viziteaza inca? - Does he > still visit you?

Biroul lui este vizavi de statia de autobuz. - His office is > opposite the bus station.

Am invatat deja ca structura there is/there are se folose~te 1a tirnpu1 prezent in cazul substantivelor
nehotiirate. Forma acestei constructii 1a trecutul simplu este there was/there were. De exemplu:

There were a lot of trees in this garden - Erau 0 multirne de copaci in aceasta
last year. gradina anul trecut.
Sa recapitullim acum materialul din prima parte a lectiei. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba
engleza:

Acelea sunt cutitele tale (dumneavoastra)? > Are those your knives?

II vad intotdeauna dupa micul dejun. > I always see him after breakfast.

Pune lampa pe biblioteca. > Put the lamp on the bookcase.

Vreau sa cumpar trei franzele. > I want to buy three loaves of bread.

Vara nu mergem cu ma~ina. > In summer we don't go by car.

La ce ora se scoala el de obicei? > What time docs he usually get up?

Te rog, rlimiii dupa cina. > Please, stay aner dinner.

Sunt ~oareci in aceasta cladire. > There are mice in this building.

Sotului meu ii place aceasta cravata. > My husband likes this tie.

Vrei sa 1mbraci cama~a asta ro~ie? > Do you want to put on this red shirt?

Aceste plante au fost in gradina noastra in > These plants were in our garden a year
urma cu un an. ago.

Ei nu au fost ieri in sufragerie. > They weren't in the dining-room yesterday.

Ea are ga~te in gradina. > She has geese in the garden.

Parintii Uii erau inal\i? > Were your parents tall?

Este aproape cinci ~i un slcrl. > II's almost a quarter past five.

Vezi fj'unze in acest copac'? > Do you see leaves in this tree?

Locuim vizavi de 0 biserica. > We live opposite a church.

Maine trebuie sa ma scol dupa patru. > I must get up after four tomorrow.

De obicei iau micul dejun la noua. > I usually have breakfast at nine.

Te vlid des in fata acestei fabrici. > I often see you in front of this factory.

Dintii lui nu sunt albi. > His teeth aren't white.

In urma cu 0 ora erau multi copli in pare. > An hour ago there were many children
in the park.

12
LECTIA
, 9 - PARTEA A nOVA

In partea a doua a acestei lectii vom exersa trecutul simplu. Sa invatam mai intiii ciiteva cuvinte noi:
dinner >(dinan - masa (principala), priinz,
cina, dineu

the moon >(Dzamu:n] - luna

bird >[ba:rd] - pasare

cellar >[sela'] -- pivnita, beci

corner >[ko:rna'] - colt

television set >[ teiivijn set] - televizor

TV set >( ti:vi: set] - televizor

thing >[Pin(g)] - lucru, obiect

cincma >[sinama] cinema(tograf)

shcd >[~ed] - ~opron, ~ura

sock :>[sok] - ~oseta

living-room >[livin(g) ru:m] - camera de zi

seat :>[ si:t] - loc de stat, scaun

Sa relu1\m cuvintele intr-o alta ordine:

television set >[ telivijn set] - televizor

shed :>[~ed] - ~opron, ~ura

seat :>[ si:t] - loc de stat, scaun

TV set >(ti:vi: set] - televizor

sock :>[sok] - ~oseta

cellar :>[ sela'] - pivnita, beci

dinner >[dina'] - masa (principala), priinz,

cina, dineu

thing :>[Tsin(g)] - lucru, obiect

cinema :>[sinama] cinema(tograf)

the moon >[Dzamu:n] - luna

living-room >(livin(g) ru:m] - camera de zi

bird >[ba:rd] - pasare

comer >[ko:Tna'] -colt

13
Sa folosim cuvintele noi ill propozitii:

Birds are sitting in the trees > [ba:fdz a: f sitin(g~ in - In copacii din gradina mea
in my garden now. DZa tri:z in mai ga:fdn stau acum pasan.
nau]

The cellar in our house is > [DZa selaf in auar haus - Pivnita din casa noastra
large. iz la:rdj] estemare.

I love to go to the cinema. > [ai lav tu gau tu DZa - Imi place sa inerg la cinema.
sinama]

Put on your socks! >[put on io: r soks] - Pune-ti ~osetele!

I always look for a seat on >[ai o:l"eiz luk I<>:r ii si:t - Intotdeauna caut un loc ill
the bus. 011 D/u has] autobuz.

The moon is shining now. >[D'u Illu:n iz ~aiJ1in(g)] - Luna straluce~te

m\u] (lumineaza) acum.

I often forget about many >[ ai ofn forget abaut - Vit des multe lucruri.
things. meni Pin(g)z]

What time do you usually > ["ot taim du iu: iu :juali - La ce ora cinezi de obicei?
have dinner? hEy dinar]

We have a television set in >[ ui hEy a telivijn set in - Avem un televizor in

every room. evriru:m] fiecare camera.

The shed was too little. >[DZa ~ed "oz tu: litI] - ~ura era prea mica.

This shop is in the corner. >[D'is ~()P iz in IYil - Acest magazin este pe colt.
ko:rnil']

Our living-room is nicc. >[ uua r livin(") nUll iz .- Camera noastra de zi este
nuisl frumoaslL

We must buy a TV sct. >["i: mast hai a li:vi: sct] - Trebuie sa cumparam un
televizor.

Retineti diteva din expresiile folosite 1n propozitiile anterioare:

on the bus - in autobuz

in the corner - pe colt, in colt

Iar acum traduceti in limba engleza propozitiile de mai jos:

Bicicleta ta este in ~opron. >Your bicycle is in the shed.

Luna straluce~te (lumineaza) in fiecare noapte? >Does the moon shine every night?
Este televizor in camera de zi? >Is there aTV set in the living-room?
Vrei un lac? > Do you want a seat?

Nu-mi plac ~osetele albe. >1 don't like white socks.

Ei locuiesc vizavi de cinema. >They live opposite the cinema.

Am ciiteva scrisori de scris. >I have some letters to write.
1A
Scaunul este in colt. > The chair is in the corner.
Sunt multi ~oareci in pivnita. > There are a lot of mice in the cellar.
Este scump acest televizor? > Is this television set expensive?
Putem sa cinam impreuna? > Can we have dinner together?

Sa ne fntoarcem la timpul trecut simplu. $tim deja dind trebuie safolosim acest timp :ji cum trebuie
sa conjugam verbul to be la timpul respectiv. lata alte cateva verbe la timpul trecut:

Pronume personal + verb +

sau substantiv
I visited my mother yesterday. - len am vizitat-o
[vizitid] pemamamea.
He waited forme last week. - EI m-a a~teptat
[Ueitid] saptamana trecuta.

Dupa cum ati observat verbul prime:jte terminatia -ed. Aceasta se adauga doar verbelor care nu au
terminatia -e:
visit - visited > ~izitid]

wait - waited > [Ueitid]

Daca verbul are termina\ia -e, i se adauga doar litera -d:

like - liked > [lazkt]

La folosirea terminatiei -ed sa fun atenti la urmatoarele:

1. In cazul verbelor a caror terminatie este litera -y precedata de 0 consoanii, litera y se
transforma fn -i la fe! ca :ji fn cazul formarii pluralului substantivelor:
try - tried > [traid]
2. In cazul unor verbe, consoana de la sfar:jitul cuvantului se dubleaza, fntocmai ca :ji fn cazul
terminafiei -ing:
stop - stopped 1stopt]

lar acum sa vedem regulile referitoare la pronun\ia verbelor al caror trecut se formeaza prin adaugarea
sufixului -ed:
1. In cazul fn care consoana de la sfar:jitul verbului nu sepronuntii, terminatia -ed vafi pronunfata
[t]:
look -looked > [lukt]
2. Daca terminafia verbului este a consoana sonora sau a vocala - cu exceptia literei e-, atunci
pronuntia terminatiei -ed este [ d]:
show - showed > [~oud]
worry -worried

15
3. Dadi consoana finalii a verbului este t sau d, atunci pronunfia terminaliei este [id]:
visit - visited >[vizitid]

Exemplele wm~itoare va vor ajuta sa illtelegeli ~i sa folositi regulile anterioare. Cititi propozitiile de
mai jos eu voee tare:

We visited our parents >[Ui: vizitid aua f peariints - Ieri i-am vizitat pe
yesterday. iestardei] parintii
, nostri.
,

He entered this shop a >[hi: entafd DZis ~op a - EI a intrat in acest magazin in
minute ago. minit agau] urma eu un minut.
They walked to work two >[DZei uo:kt tll lI a:fk tu: - Ei au mers pe jos la lucru
days ago. deiz agau] aeum doua zile.

Yesterday she stopped >[iestafdei ~i: stopt - Ea s-a liisat ieri de fumat.
smoking. smaukin(gJ]

She wanted to visit us last >[ ~i: lI ontid tu vizit as - Ea a vrut sa ne viziteze. .-~

week. la:st ui:k] saptamiina treeuta.

I worried about you >[ ai uorid abaut iu: - Ieri m-am ingrijorat in
yesterday. iestafdei] legatura eu tine.

They lived in London ten >[DZei livd in landn ten - Ei au loeuit in Londra ill wma
years ago. iiafz agau] eu zeee ani.

He listened to the radio >[hi: lisnd tu DZa reidiau - El a aseultat ieri radioul.
yesterday. iestafdei]

Completati propozitiilc in limba cnglezA eu forma corespullzatoare a verbului la timpul treeut simplu:

Parintii mci au dcsehis ieri un birou. -My parents> opened an office yesterday.

Ciind a intrat el in easil, noi cram in - When he > entered the house we were in
gradina. the garden.

Ea ne-a multumit ieri pentru asta. - She> thanked us for it yesterday.

In urma eu 0 saptiimana am vorbit cu fratele - A week ago I > talked with your brother.
tau.

leri am ~teptat-o doua ore. - Yesterday I > waited for her for two hours.

Noi am luerat in Anglia anul treeut. - Last year we > worked in England.

~oferul ne-a aratat ieri ma~ina sa. - The driver> showed us his car yesterday.

Saptiimana trecuta am mel'S pe jos la ~coala. - Last week we > walked to school.

1m placea acest or~ eand eram copil. - I > loved this town when I was a boy.

Prietenul ei i-a eerut 0 carte. . - Her friend> asked her for a book.

Ei au vrut sa mearga acolo acum un an. - They> wanted to go there a year ago.

Noi am cautat ieri eravatele lui. - We > looked for his ties yesterday.

16
In limba engleza exista ~i 0 serie de verbe neregulate, care nu formeaza timpul trecut cu sutixul
-d sau -ed. Cele trei forme ale acestar verbe trebuie invalate pe de rost.

Forma I Forma a II-a Forma aID-a

infinitiv trecutul simplu participiul trecut

see > lsi:] - a vedea saw > [so:] seen > [si:n]

go > [gou] -a merge went > ["cnt] gone > [gan)

have > [hEv] -a avea had > [hEd] had > [hEd]

be > fbi:] -ati waslwere > [Uoz/"a: r] been > [bi:n]

eat > [i:t] - a manea ate > ~it] eaten > [Un]

drink > [drin(g)k] -a bea drank > [drEn(g) k] drunk > [dran(g)k]

1nvaluli toatc cde trei forme verbale! De participiul trecut (Past Participle) ne vom ocupa in lectia
ufl11lLloare.

Repela(i de mai multe ori cele trei forme ale verbelor neregulate:

ati > be > was/were > been

a bea > drink > drank > drunk

a veden > see > saw > seen

a merge > go > went > gone

a manen > eat > ate > eaten

a avea > have > had > had

Traduec(i unnlltoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

leri am bUnt prea multa bere. > I drank too much beer yesterday.

in urmu eu doi ani anl avut un apartament > Two years ago I had an apartment in
laLondra. London.

Parintii mei au mers in Anglia acum > My parents went to England three weeks
trei saptllmani. ago.

Atunci i-am vl\zut pc ace~ti oameni. > I saw these people then.

Noi am mancat multe mere ieri. > We ate a lot of apples yesterday.

leri la ~apte dumneavoastra erati la lucm. > You were at work at seven yesterday.

17
Sa ne fntoarcem acum la problema pluralului neregulat. in cere ce urmeaza vom fnvata 0 alta serie
de substantive neregulate:

1. Substantive compuse care denumesc ocupapi ~i con,tin substantivele man ~i woman:

postman > [paustmen] postmen > [paustman] - po~ta~/po~ta~i

policeman > [pali:smen] policemen > [pali:sman] - poli!istJpoli!i~ti

fIreman > [faia'men] fIremen > [faiarman] - pompier/i

policewoman > [pali:s"man] policewomen > [pali:s"imin] - femei/e poli!ist

2. Substantive al caror plural se jormeaza prin adaugarea sufixului -es:

potato > [piHeitou] potatoes > [pateitouz] - cartoffi

tomato > [tama:lou] tomatoes > [Ulma:tauz] - ro~ie/ro~ii

3. Substantive care primesc suflXul -en la plural:

ox > [oks] oxen > [oksn] - boulboi

4. Substantive care au aceea~i forma ~i la plural, ~i la singular:

deer > [diar] deer > [diar] -caprioaraJ

caprioare

sheep >[~i:p] sheep > [~i:p] - oaie/oi

... one sheep and one deer ... ... four sheep and four deer ...

Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

Ace~ti po~~i aduc scrisori in biroul nostru. > These postmen bring letters to our offIce.

Pompierii aceia erau inalti. > Those fIremen were tall.

Iti plac cartofii? > Do you like potatoes?

Tomatele soot ro~ii. > Tomatoes are red.

Am avut patru boi ~i zece oi. > We had four oxen and ten sheep.

Vezi acele caprioare liinga cOPllci? > Do you see those deer near the trees?
~i acum sa recapituHim materia intregii lectii. Traduceti in limba engleza urmatoarele propozitii:

El a vrut sa faea ieri 0 biblioteea, > He wanted to make a bookcase yesterday,

dar nu a avut timp. but he had no time.

De obicei iau micul dejun aeasa ~i cina > I usually have breakfast at home
la un restaurant. and dinner at a restaurant.

Acele cravate nu erau frumoasc. > Those ties weren't nice.

Ea a fost atunci In spital? > Was she in hospital then?

Ai plante In sufragcrie'? > Have you plants in the dining-room?

Sotiilor Ie place sa mearga la plimbare cu > Wives like to go for a walk with their
sotii lor. husbands.

Vara uncori ploua, iar iarna ninge. > It sometimes rains in summer
and in winter it snows.

Poti sa te scoli? > Can you get up?

Trcbuie sa ma Imbrac cu cel mai bun costum. > I must put on my best suit.

Pisicilor Ie plac ~oarecii? > Do cats like mice?

Ai dinti frumo~i. > You have nice teeth.

Pune aceste carti pe aceste rafturi! > Put these books on these shelves!

Ciind a coborat, el a vamt doi copii in fata lui. > When he went downstairs he saw two
children in front of him.

Acest cinematograf este vizavi de ~coala noastra. > This cinema is opposite our school.

Mergi in pivnita ~i adu scaunele verzi! > Go to the cellar and bring the green chairs!

Am vrut sa cumpar un televizor bun, > I wanted to buy a good TV set,

dar era prea scump. but it was too expensive.

leri 1l1-am ingrijorat pentru tine. > Yesterday I worried about you.

Mai mult de a suta de pasari stau > More than a hundred birds are sitting on
in copacul nostru in clipa aceasta. our tree at the moment.

Trebuie sa am intotdeauna loc in autobuz. > I must always have a seat on a bus.
leri noi am mancat prea mult. > We ate too much yesterday.

Multe femei politist luereaza in or~ul nostru. > Many policewomen work in our town.

leri ti-am vazut bicicleta in ~ura aceea > Yesterday I saw your bicycle in that shed
din eoltul gradinii. in the corner ofthe garder.

leri te-a a~teptat un po~t~ in fata easeL > A postman waited for you in front
of the house yesterday.

Atunci noi aveam mai multi bani. > We had more money then.

19
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI
, 9

9.1. In unele situatii putem omite articolul hotarat the, $i anume, in cazul unor cuvinte ca mother,
father, town, church, music. In cele ce urmeaza va prezentam $i alte situatii In care
articolul hotarat poate lipsi:

9.1.1. Inaintea denumirii meselor principale folosite la modul general:

She always eats breakfast at seven. - Ea ia intotdeauna micul dejun la $apte.

9.1.2. Inaintea denumirii anotimpurilor folosite la modill general:

Do you like summer? - Iti place vara?

9.1.3. Inaintea cuvantului hospital, in calitate de bolnav:

I must go to hospital. - Trebuie sa merg la spital.

Daca starn la spital, sau mergem acolo in vizita, sau ca membru al personalului,
folosim articolul howat:

I go to the hospital every day. - Merg la spital in fiecare zi.

Daca ne referim la 0 masa sau un anotimp anume, atunci se folose$te Intotdeauna

articolul hotarat the:

The dinner which I am eating - eina pe care 0 miinanc acurn este buna.
now is good.

9.2. The Simple Past Tense (timpul trecut simplu)

9.2.1. Folosirn aeest limp in cazul unor aC\iuni terminate, care s-au des~urat In trecut, ~i care
nu all legatura eu prezentul. Folosim urrnatoarele complemente de timp:

yesterday ricsla'dcilicsla'di] ~. (ziua de) ieri

ago (agiiu] -In urma(cu), acum...

last [Ia:sl] - ultim, cel din urma, trecut

Aceste trei adverbe de timp stau la Inceputul sau la sf'ar~itul propoziliei.

9.2.2. Formele verbului to be la Trecut Simplu:

I was [ai Uoz] - eu am fost, eram

you were [iU: 'a:'] - tu ai fost, erai/dumneavoastra ali fost, erali

he was [hi: Uoz] - el a fost, era

she was [~i: Uoz] - ea a fast, era

it was [itUoz] - aceasta, asta a fast, era (genul neutru)

we were [Ui: ua :'] - noi am fost, eram

you were [iu: ua:'] - voi ali fost, erali

they were [DZei ua:'] - ei, ele au fost,erau

9.2.3. Forma interogativa a timpului trecut simplu (Simple Past) a verbului to be se formeaza
prin inversarea subieetului eu forma eorespunzatoare a verbului to be. Construetia
raspunsului afirmativ: yes + pronume personal + forma eorespunzatoare a verbului
to be la timpul treeut simplu. Forma negativa: no + pronume personal + to be
+ not. Was not se poate prescurta wasn't; iar, were not - weren't.

J was at school yesterday. - Jeri am fost la ~coala.

Were you at school yesterday? - Ai fast la ~coaHi?
Yes, I was. - Da, (am fost).
No, J was not. - Nu, (nu am fost).
No,Iwasn't
Where were you yesterday? - Unde ai fost ieri?

9.2.4. Constructia propozitiei la timpul trecut simplu:

Pronume personal + verb +

sau substantiv

visited my mother yesterday.

He waited for me last week.

Verbul prime~te sufixul-ed. Aceasta regula este valabila daca ultima litera a verbului nu
este -e.

Daca ultima litera a verbului este -e, atunci ii adaugam doar un -d.

like - liked [laikt]

9.2.5. In cazul utilizarii sufixului -ed trebuie sa fun atenti la urmatoarele:

Daca ultima litera a verbului este -y, atunci aceasta se transforma ill -i, ~i apoi prime~te
terminatia -ed.

try - tried [traid]

In cazul unor verbe, consoana de la staqitul cuvantului se dubleaza, la fel ca ~i in cazul

adaugarii terminatiei -ing.

stop - stopped [stopt]

9.2.6. Regulile de pronuntie a verbelor formate cu ajutorul terminatiei -ed:

Daca ultima litem a verbului la infmitiv este 0 consoana surda atunci pronuntia sufixului
este:

look -looked [lukt]

Daca ultima litera a verbului este 0 consoana sonora sau 0 vocala, atunci pronuntia
sufixului este:

show -showed [~oud]

')1
 Daca ultima consoana a verbului este -t sau -d atunci pronuntia sufixului este rid]:

visit - visited [vizitid]

9.2.7. Verbe neregulate:

In limba engleza exista ~i verbe al caror trecut nu se formeaza cu ajutorul terrninatiei

-ed. Formele verbelor neregulate ~i pronuntia lor trebuie lnvatate ca ~i cuvinte separate.

La pagina 37 yeti gasi lista verbelor neregulate lnvatate parra acurn.

9.3. Pluralul substantivelor neregulate:

9.3 .1. Substantive a caror radacina ~i pronuntie se modifica de la singular la plural:

foot [fut] feet [fi:t] - laba piciorului, labe

9.3.2. Substantive compuse, una din componente fiind man sau woman:

postman [paustmen] postmen [paustman] - po~t~/i

9.3.3. Substantivele care se termina cu vocala 0 primesc la plural terminatia -es:

potato [pateitou] potatoes [pateitouz] - cartof/i

9.3.4. Substantive care la plural primesc terminatia -en:

ox [oks] oxen [oksn] - bou/boi

9.3.5. Substantive care au aceea~i forma amt la singular cat ~i la plural:

deer [dia'] deer [ dia'] - caprioaralcaprioare

22
TEMA PENTRU ACASA 9

A Traduceti in limba romana urmatoarele propozitii:

1. Are your brothers having breakfast now?

2. Where were you yesterday?

3. My children like mice, but I don't.

4. I think these knives are on those shelves.

5. In the comer of the cellar there was a little bird.

6. I wanted to go to England last year.

B. Traduceti in limba engleza urmatoarele propozitii:

1. leri noi am lucrat acasa, dar saptamiina trecuta am fost la birou.

2. El a avut trei neveste.

3. Trebuie sa cumparam ni~te cartofi.

4. Azi cinam in restaurantul de vizavi de cinematograf.

5. Nu lua ace~ti ciorapi ro~ii.

6. Toate caprioarele sunt frumoase.

C. Corectati gre~elile din propozitiile de mai jos:

I. This policewomen are in the comer, in front of that shop.

2. How many sheeps do you keep in that shed in the garden?

3. ) was at home yesterday and I listened music.

4. My daughter tryed to buy this car, but it was too expensive.

5. We seed your brother three weeks ago.

6. They goed to London then.

 " "
PARTEA INTAI
LECTIA
, 10

Sa lncepem lectia lnvatfuld dHeva cuvinte noi. Fiti atenti la pronuntie:

nurse > [na:'s] - infrrmiera, sora

football > [futbo:l] - fotbal

match > [mEt~] -meci

very > [veri] - foarte

magazine > [mEgazi:n] - revista, magazin

• (g)
spring > [spnn ] - primavara, primavaratic

autumn > [o:tam] - toamna

typist > [taipist] - dactilografa

newspaper > [niu:speipa'] - ziar, gazeta

tool > [tu:l] - unealta, scula

baker > [beild] - brutar

Acum repetati acelea~i cuvinte intr-o alta ordine:

tool > [tu:l] - unealta, scula

football > [("litho: I] - fotbal

typist > rtllipisl] - dactilografa

magazine > [ mEg[tzi:n] - revista, magazin

very > [veri] - foarte

newspaper > [niu;speipa'] - ziar, gazeta

nurse > [na:'s] - infirmiera, sora

autumn > [o:tiim] -toamna

baker > [beika'] - brutar

spring > [ sprm

• <Ill] -primavara, pnmavaratic

match > [mE~] -meci

Sa [olosim acum cuvintele noi in propozitii. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la pronuntia lor:

She is reading a newspaper >[ ~i: iz ri:din(g) a - Ea cite~te acum un ziar.

now. niu:speipar nau]

Is it still spring? >[ iz it stil sprin(g)] - Este inca primavara?

My father keeps his tools in /jmai IldYarki:ps hiz - Tatal meu i~i tine uneltele
the shed. 11I:lz ill IYii ~ed] in magazie.

Do they like magazines for >Jelu fYci laik ml\gill':i:llz - (Lor) Ie plac revistele pentru
women? Ill:'" "imin] femei?

My sister is a nurse. >[mai sistaf iz a na:fs] - Sora mea este infmniera.

Must we have a typist in >[mast lIi: hEy a taipist - Trebuie sa avem 0 dactilografii
the otHee'l in DZi ofis] in birou?

There is a football match >[Dzear iz a futbo:l mEt~ - Este un meci de fotbal

tonight. tanait] diseara.

Autumn comes after summer. >{ o:tam kamz a:ftaf samaf] - Toamna vine dupa vara.

This bakcr makes very good >[DZis belkaf melks veri - Acest brutar face paine
bread. gud bred] foarte buna.

Folositi cuvintele noi pentru completarea urmiitoarelor propozitii in limba engleza:

Acestc unelte sunt foarte scumpe. - These> tools are> very expensive.

Primavara copacii sunt verzi. - In > spring the trees are green.

Dou1i dacHlografe lucreaza in biroul nostru. - Two > typists work in our office.

Mergeti des la meciuri de fotbal? - Do you often go to > football matches?

Magazinul acestui brutar este pe colt. - This> baker's shop is in the comer.

Mama mea este infirmiera. - My mother is a> nurse.

Toamna fmnzele sunt galbene. - In > autumn the leaves are yellow.

Cite~te aceasta revistii! - Read this> magazine!

Adu-mi zjaml (meu)! - Bring me my > newspaper!

Iar acum vom invata alte verbe neregulate:

do >[du:] did >( did] done >[dan]

drive >[draiv] drove >(drauv] driven >[drivn]

speak >(spi:k] spoke >(spouk] spoken >(spoukn]

take >(telk] took >(tuk] taken >(telkn]

read >[ri:d] read >(red] read >[red]

write >(rait] wrote >(rout) written >[ritn]

25
Sa introducem aceste verbe in propozitii. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la pronuntie:

He did it yesterday. - El a fiicut asta ieri.

A year ago we drove to England. - In urma cu un an noi am fost cu m~ina in

Anglia.

The nurse spoke with her friend last week. - Infmniera a vorbit cu prietena sa
saptamilna trecuta.

Yesterday I took the children to school. - leri am dus copiii la ~coala.

I read this book many years ago. -Am citit aceasta carte cu multi ani in
urma.

My husband wrote a letter to his sister. - Sotul meu i-a scris 0 scrisoare surorii sale.

lata un exercitiu de verificare. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

Saptamilna trecuta sora lui i-a scris 0 > Last week his sister wrote a long letter
scrisoare lunga. to him.
Ei ne-au luat ieri toti banii. > They took all our money yesterday.

Atunci el a plecat cu ma~ina. > Then he drove.

leri am citit 0 scrisoare frumoasa. > Yesterday I read a nice letter.
Am vorbit cu ei acum doua zile. > We spoke to them two days ago.
Ei au fiicut asta ieri. > They did it yesterday.

La sfiir~itul caietului de curs yeti gasi lista tuturor verbelor neregulate invatate pilna acum.

In lectia anterioarii ati afTat cum se formeazii interogativul \vi negativul verbului to be la timpul
trecut simplu (Simple Past). Acum veti inviitaformarea interogativului ~i a negativului altor verbe la
acest timp. Asemiiniitor timpului prezent (Simplc Present), ~i la timpul trecutfolosim un verb auxiliar.
Acest verb auxiliar este verbul to do la trecut ~i anume did [did].

Retineti structura propozitiei:

Verb auxiliar + pronume personal + verb la timpul + ...

sau substantiv prezent

Did you/the student read this book yesterday?

Nu uitafi!
lnpropozifiile in care folosim verbul auxiliar did, verbul de conjugat este la prezent, lara particula
to.

lata ciiteva exemple:

Mary saw John yesterday.

Did Mary see John yesterday? > [did mean si: djon iestardei] - L-a viizut Mary pc John ieri?

26
They smoked many cigarettes last year.

Did they smoke many > [ did DZei smauk meni - Ei au fumat multe tigari anul
cigarettes last year? sigarets la:st iili'] trecut?

She drank too much beer last night.

Did she drink too much beer > [did ~i: drin(g)k tu: mat~ - A baut ea prea multa bere
last night? bili' la: st nait] searaJnoaptea trecuta?

Retineti urmatorul complement de timp:

last night - ieri searalnoapte

Raspunsurile afirmative Ie formulam folosind euviintul yes, urmat de forma eorespunzatoare a

pronumelui personal ~i de verbul auxiliar. Propozitiile negative euprind euviintul no, pronumele
personal, .fiirma eorespunztitoare a verbului auxiliar ~i euviintul not. Construetia did not poate ji
preseurlata subforma didn't [didnt].

De cxcmplu:

The nurse gave l11e a newspaper yesterday.

Did the nurse give 1110 a newspaper - Mi-a dat ieri infmniera un ziar?
yesterday?

Yes, she did. >1;0S ~i: did] -Da.

No, she didn't. >Inau ~i: didnt] -Nu.

They wanted to go there last year.

Did they want to go there last year? - Au vrut ei sa mearga acolo anul trecut?

Yes, they did. >[ ics IYei didl -Da.

No, they didn't. >[nau lYe; didnq -Nu.

Acum formulati intrebari, raspunsuri aJinnative ~i negative la unnatoarele propozitii:

She worried about her son yesterday. ,_. > Ilid she worry about her son yesterday?
,,00Yes, > she did.
- No, > she didn't.

You took the money. - > Did you take the money?
- Yes, > I did.
- No, > I didn't.

My daughter did it two days ago. - > Did my daughter do it two days ago?
- Yes, > she did.
- No, > she didn't.

They ate too much bread yesterday. - > Did they eat too much bread yesterday?
- Yes, > they did.
- No, > they didn't.

27
 Did you take
the money?
o

In cazul fntrebarilor fn care se cer detalii sau completari, pronumele interogativ se pune inaintea
cuvfmtului did:

John went home yesterday. Where did John go yesterday? - Dnde s-a dus John ieri?

She wanted these books. What did she want? - Ce a vrut ea?

They listened to music last When did they listen to - Cand au ascultat ei
night. music? muzica?

Retincti cit structura acclor intrebari in care figureaza pronumele

interogativ who cstc ceu u unei propozitii afirmative, de aceea verbul se
ana la forma a JI-a (Simple Past)/torma de afirmativ:
Peter spokc to mc - Peter a vorbit cu mine
last Sunday. duminica trecuta.
Whb spoke to me - Cine a vorbit cu mine
last Sunday? duminica trecuta?
We opened the shop - Noi am deschis magazinul
last week. saptamana trecuta.
Who opened the shop - Cine a deschis magazinul
last week? saptamana trecuta?

Sa folosirn cele invatate traducand in lirnba engleza urmatoarele propozitii:

Dnde a lucrat aceasta infirmiera anul trecut? >Where did this nurse work last year?

Aceste dactilografe i~i iubeau munca? >Did these typists like their work?

Cine s-a dus in Anglia prirnavara trecuta? >Who went to England last spring?

Aceste ziare ~i reviste au fost pe masa >Were this newspapers and magazines
in bucatarie? on the table in the kitchen?
 Jeri ai dus uneltele in magazie? > Did you take the tools to the shed yesterday?

Ai vazut sufrageria lor? > Did you see their dining-room?

Unde s-au dus ieri parinlii Mariei? > Where did Mary's parents go yesterday?

Ai luat ieri micul dejun? > Did you have breakfast yesterday?

Cine a oprit circulatia? > Who stopped the traffic?

Sa 1l1vatam allc cutcva cuvinte noi. Citili-Ie cu voce tare ~i fiti atenli la pronuntie:
again >[agein], [agen] - din nou, iara~i, mca 0 data

before >[bifo:'] - inainte de, mai inainte

busy >[bizi] - ocupat

ready >[redi] - gata

full >[ful] - plin, mcarcat

'Q till >[ til] - pana la, pana ce

too >[tu:] - de asemenea, ~i

to watch >[tu Uot~] - a se uita, a veghea, a paudi

the other >[D'i aDZa'] - eeialalt, cealaita (ceilaW, ceIelalte)

Completa(i propozitiile m limba engleza folosind cuvintele noi:

EI a l()st aici inainte de luni. - He was here> before Monday.

Ea I-a vazut ~i pe el. - She saw him, > too.

E~ti gata'? Trebuie sa mergem. - Are you> ready? We must go.

Aceste doua ma~ini sunt frumoase dar -- These two cars are nice but> the other
cealalta este mai buna. is better.

Autobuzul era plin eu oameni. - The bus wa..~ > full ofpeople.

Uite! Pasarea cantil din nou! - Look! The bird is singing> again!

Sunt prea oeupat ca sa merg cu tine - I'm too> busy to go with you to the cinema.
la einematograf.

Dumneavoastra trebuie sa Iucrati pana la - You must work> till five o'clock.
ora einci.

Te-ai uitat ieri Ia meci? - Did you> watch the match yesterday?

29
 Retineti urmatoarea expresie in limba engleza:

Here you are. >[hia' iu: a:'] - Poftiti/Poftim.

(Este aici).

De exemplu:
Give me that book, please. - Dati-mi cartea aceea, va rog.
Here you are. - Poftiti.

Urmeaza alte cuvinte ~i expresii noi:

all sorts of >[ 0: 1 so:'ts ov] - de toate felurile, de tot felul

all kinds of >[ 0: 1 kaindz ov] - de toate tipOOle, de toate

felOOle

My father liked all sorts >[mai fa:Dza' lalkt 0:1 so:'ts - Tatalui meu ii placeau toatt-.
of books. ov buks] felOOle de clifti.

Yesterday we visited all >[iesta'dei ui: vizitid 0:1 - leri am vizitat tot felul
kinds of shops. kaindz ov ~ops] de magazine.

How are you? >[hau a:' iu:] - Ce mai faci?

In ultima intrebare a exercitiului anterior ne putem referi ~i la alte persoane.

De exemplu:

Cum este el?/Ce mai face el? >Jlow is he?

Cum sunt ei'?/Ce mai tac ci'? >How are they?

Cum este fratele tau?/Cc mai face fratclc tau? >How is your brother?

Sa ne intoarcem acum la regulile timpului trecut simplu (Simple Past Tense). Forma prescurtata
negativa didn't sau forma intreaga did not poate fi folosita ~i in propozifii afirmative. Fifi atenfi
fntotdeauna la faptul cli in cazul in care cuvantul did esie prezent in propozifie, atunci verbul
principal se folose~te fara particula to, deci la forma I din dicfionar.

He didn't see his children >[hi: didnt si: hiz t~ildran - EI nu ~i-a vamt ieri copiii.
yesterday. iesUi'dei]

My mother's friend didn't >[mai maDza'z frend didnt - Prietenul mamei mele uu
come to us last week. kam tu as la:st ui:k] a venit la uoi saptamana trecuta.

30
Traduceti in limba engleza unnatoarele propozitii:

Atunci nu I-am inteles. > I didn't understand him then.

Nu au vrut sa cautc asta ieri. > They didn't want to look for it yesterday.

Parintii mei nu au uitat sa rna viziteze ieri. > My parents didn't forget to visit me
yesterday.

Nu S-ll lasat de fumat ciind a fost in spital. > He didn't stop smoking when he was
in hospital.

So\ia mea nu ~i-a pus aee~ti pantofi verzi ieri. >My wife didn't put on these green shoes
yesterday.

in exerd\illl lIrmiitor vom recapitula prima parte a leetiei:

Ciind IIi vilzut acest meci? > When did you see this match?

EI a avul tot lclul de unelte. > He had all kinds of tools.

Acest 011\ II (1St brutar? > Was this man a baker?

De ce ui condlls ieri a ma~ina? > Why did you drive a ear yesterday?

Cine u scds scrisoarea aceasta? > Who wrote this letter?

Cum IIlI li1cut asta? > How did they do it?

leri noi IlU 11m baut bere. > We didn't drink beer yesterday.

Ai dOt desprc usta ieri in ziar? > Did you read about it in the newspaper
yesterday?

Ce mai Jilci'l >Howareyou?

leri am Ibst prell oClipat ca sa vorbese eu tine. > Yesterday I was too busy to talk with you.

La ce orill-uti vilzlIt dumneavoastra pe > What timo did you sec the other man?
eelalalt om?

I-ai mul\umit ieri surorii tale pentru eartea asta? > Did you thank your sister for this book
yesterday?

6 incheiere, cxersati-va pronuntia cu ajutorul unnatoarelor seturi de cuvinte care contin acel~i sunet:

[au] [u:] [au] [ei]

brown shoe smoke table

town too no take

our room so wait

hour do go day

tower two know plane

LECTIA
, 10 - PARTEA A DOVA
Cititi dialogurile unnatoare ~i exersati-va cu atentie pronuntia. Cuvintele ~i silabele care trebuie
accentuate sunt scrise ingro~at:

John: Can I talk to your husband for a minute or two?

Mary: I think you can't. My husband went to our daughter at a quarter to six.
John: Why did he go there?
Mary: He wanted to buy a bookcase and a lamp for her in the shop opposite our house.

Tom: What did Peter do after he came home?

Barbara: He went to the hospital where his mother was.
Tom: Did he stay long with his mother?
Barbara: No, he didn't. He talked to her and they listened to the radio together.

Mary: Were you at home yesterday?

Peter: Yes, I was, but I wanted to go to the cinema.
Mary: Did you go?
Peter: No, I didn't. My friend visited me. We stayed at home. We wanted to watch a
football match.

John: What did you do last week?

Barbara: On Monday I read a letter. It was a very nice letter.
John: Did you go to work on Tuesday?
Barbara: Yes, I did. I had a lot of work to do and I was very busy. I wrote all sorts ofletters.
John: Are you a typist?
Barbara: Yes, I am. [ lII<c this work.

Mary: Did you have time to talk to John last week?

Peter: Yes,Idid.
Mary: How is he?
Peter: He is aU right. On Wednesday he stopped smoking.
Mary: Did he also stop drinking beer?
Peter: Yes, he did.

Barbara: Tom, where did you live when you were a little boy?
Tom: When I was a little boy I lived in a little house with my parents.
Barbara: Did your parents have a garden, too?
Tom: Yes, they did. The garden was very nice. We liked to eat in the garden.
Barbara: And what about animals?
Tom: My parents kept geese and sheep in the garden, so many children visited me then.
John: Mary, come downstairs!
Mary: I'm coming!
John: Can you see that car in front of the shop on the corner?
Mary: Yes, I can. It was opposite our house yesterday. Whose car is it?
John: It's my friend's car. Yesterday I wanted to buy it.
Mary: Did you buy it?
John: No, I didn't.
Mary: Why'!
John: Because it was too expensive.

Barbara: Is Tom at home'!

Peter: No, hu isn't. Tom is still working.
Barbara: I SIIW him at nine in the morning.
Peler: Usually he gets up at nine in the morning, but today he had breakfast at seven.
Barham: Did he have time to go for a walk with your dog?
Pekr: No, he dido't. After breakfast he went to work.

Mary: What did you have for dinner yesterday?

TOIll: r had some potatoes and some tomatoes.

John: 1 have a letter for you. Here you are.

Barhul'll: Thank you.

In ultilllul excreiliu vom reeapitula intregul material allecjiilor noua ~i zece. Dupa ce aji rezolvat
tara grc~cul1\ acesl cxercijiu, puteji trece la tema pentru acasii:

SO\lIi mell a cinat ieri in camera de zi. > My husband ate dinner in the living-room
yesterday.

Ai vilZut aeeslc plante in griidina? > Did you see these plants in the garden?

Nu ei au facul llccastii biblioteca. > They didn't make this bookcase.

Trebuie sit v()rbe~lj cu sora lui John. > You must talk to John's sister.

Ciim vreme ai ritmas acolo atunei? > How long did you stay there then?

leri nu au fast la luem. > They weren't at work yesterday.

Cine a avut patm neveste? > Who had four wives?

Dupa eina mergem la cinema. > After dinner we are going to the cinema.

El nu s-a sculat inainte de rnicul dejun. > He didn't get up before breakfast.

Biblioteca noastra are douasprezece rafturi. > Our bookcase has twelve shelves.

I-am intrebat pe politi~ti despre strada aceasta. > I asked the policemen about this street.

De unde ai cumpiirat acest televizor? > Where did you buy this television set?

33
Atunei am avut multe pasari in gradina. ->VIe had many birds in the garden then.

Luna a stralueit ieri? ;Did the moon shine yesterday?

Am ineereat sa fae asta anul trecut. :;l tried to do this last year.

Acest ziar este foarte bun. >This newspaper is very good.

Cine rni-a baut eeaiul? ->VVho drank my tea?

Ciind au venit ei? ->VVhen did they come?

Ai auzit ieri despre asta? ;Did you hear about it yesterday?

Casa aceasta a fost plina de oameni. >This house was full of people.

"2,1
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI
, 10
10.1. Interogativul ~i negatia la timpul treeut simplu (Simple Past):

10.1.1. La timpul treeut simplu formulam interogativul folosind verbul auxiliar did, (eare este
forma de treeut a verbului to do).

Structura propozitiei:

Verb + Pronume personal + verb la + _.

allxllillr sau substantiv timpllI prezent

Did you/the boy read this book yesterday?

Mary saw John yesterday. - Mary I-a vamt ieri pe John.

Did Mary see John yesterday? - L-a viizut Mary pe John ieri?

10.1.2. Rl)spunsurile afirmative Ie formuHim eu ajutorul eonstructiei yes + pronume

personal + verb auxiliar. Raspunsurile negative au structura no + pronume personal
I vcrb auxiliar+ not. Forma did not 0 putemprescurta didn't

The nurse gave me a newspaper - Ifi

n lrmlera \. da"
' illl-a .
t len un Zlar.
yesterday.

I)id the nurse give me a news- - Mi-a dat ieri infirmiera un ziar?
paper yesterday?

Yes, she did. -Da.

No, she didn't. -Nu.

10.1.3. Lll l<ll'lnularea intrebarilor care cer completare, pronumele interogativ trece maintea
vcrbu lui auxiliar did.

John went home yesterday. - John s-a dus ieri acasa.

Where did John go yesterday? - Unde s-a dus ieri John?

I0.1.4. ~lrlletura interogativului format cu ajutorul pronumelui interogativ who este

identica eu cea a propozitiilor afrrmative, de accea verbul se afla la forma a II-a, dcci
III timpul treeut simplu:

Peter spoke to me last Sunday. -- Peter a vorbit cu mine duminica trecutii.

Who spoke to me last Sunday? - Cine a vorbil cu mine duminica trecutii?

10.2. Expresii utile:

all sorts of - de toate felurile/soiurile, de tot felul

all kinds of - de toate tipurile, de toate felurile

How arc you? - Ce mai faci?

Here you arc. - Poftiti! Poftim! (cand dam ceva)

35
TEMA PENTRU ACASA 10

A Traduceti in limba romana urmatoarele propozitii:

1. I wasn't at school two weeks ago.

2. Why did you go to John yesterday?

3. What did these policemen want?

4. How is your mother today?

5. Who worked in the garden last Monday?

6. There are all sorts of cars in that shop.

B. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

1. Unde afost el noaptea trecuta?

2. Cine v-a pus durnneavoastra aceasta intrebare?

3. Ei au fost ieri la eel mai bun restaurant din ora~.

4. Ea nu a vrut sa ne pIateasca.

5. Cand te-ai sculat?

6. leri am pIatit aceste ro~ii.

C. Corectati grc~clile din propozitiile de mai jos:

1. Who did open that door?

2. They didn't be at home yesterday.

3. I sawall kind of small animals.

4. We want to be firemans.

5. I want to keep two oxen and ten sheeps in the garden.

6. She has no knifes in the kitchen.

LISTA VERBELOR NEREGULATE
Forma I Forma a II-a Forma a III-a
Infmitiv Simple Past Past Participle

bring - a aducc, a duce brought >[brcd] brought >[bro:t]

come -- a sosi, a veni came >[kcim] come >[kam]

cut -a tilia, a tundc cut >rkat] cut >[kat]

do a lilee, a sc ocupa cu did >[did] done >[dan]

drink l\ hea drank > ~rEn(glk] drunk > [dran(glk]

drive a conduce, a mana drove >[drouv] driven >[drivn]

eat - a manca ate >[ eit] eaten >[i:tn]

fly a zbura flew >[flu:] flown >[floun]

forget a nita forgot >[forgot] forgotten >[forgotn]

get a obtine, a face rost got >[got] got >[got]

give II da, a darui gave >[geiv] given >[givn]

/
go a merge, a umbla went >[Uent] gone >[gan]

have - a avea had >[hEd] had >[hEd]

hear a auzi heard >[ha:'d] heard >[ha:rd]

keep II tine, a pastra kept >[kept] kept >[kept]

know II ~ti, a cuno~te knew >[niu:] known >[noun]

make II face, a confectiona made >[meid] made >[meid]

pay a plati paid >[peid] paid >[peid]

put a pune, a a~eza put >[put] put >[put]

read ,- II citi read >[red] read >[red]

see a vcdea saw >[so:] seen >[si:n]

send a trimite sent >[ sent] sent >[sent]

shine '" a straluci, a lumina shone >[shaun] shone >[shaun]

sing -- a canta sang >[sEn(gl] sung >[san(gl]

sit - a ~edea, a sta ~ezat sat >[sEt] sat >[sEt]

speak - a vorbi spoke >[spauk] spoken >[spiiukn]

take - a prinde, a lua took >[tuk] taken >[teikn]

teach -apreda taught >[to:t] taught >[to:t]

think - a gandi thought >[T'o:t] thought >[T'o:t]

understand - a intelege, understood >[ anda'stud] understood >[ancta'stud]

apricepe

write -a scrie wrote >[raut] written >[ritn]

37
VOCABULARUL LECTIILOR
, 9 SIlO
,

after > [a:fm'] - dupa, dupa aceea

again > [agein], [agen] - din nou, iara~i, inca 0 data

ago > [agau] - in unna (cu), acum...

autumn > [o:tam] - toarnna

in autumn > [in o:tam] - toarnna

baker > [belkar] - bmtar

before > [bifo:,] - inainte de, mai inainte

bird > [ba:rd] - pasare

bookcase > [bukkeis] - raft, biblioteca

,~

breakfast > [brekfast] - micdejun

busy > [bizi] - ocupat

cellar > [sela'] - pivnita, beci

child/children > [t~aild]/[ t~ildran] - copil/copii /

cinema > [sinama] - cinema(tograf)

comer > [ko:rnar] - colt

deer > [dia'] - caprioara, caprioare
dining-room dinner > [dainin(g) ru:m] - sufragerie

dinner > [dinar] - masa (principala), pranz,

cina, dineu

downstairs > [daunstcarz] - la parter, jos

to go downstairs > [lu gou daunsteiFz] - a cobori (la parter),

a merge (in) jos
every > [cvri] - fiecare
fireman/firemen > [ rlliii'"mcn]1{ faiarman] - pompier/pompieri
football > [futbo:l] - fotbal

front > [frant] - partea din fata/de

in front of > [in frant ov] - in fata, dinaintea

full > [full - plin, ineareat

to get up > [tu get ap] - a se scula din pat, a se
ridica in picioare

goose/geese > [gu:s]l{gi:s] - gascalga~te

halflhalves > [ha:f]l{ha:vz] - jumatate/jumatati
to have breakfast > [tu hEv brekfust] - a lua mieul dejun

here you are > [hiar iu: a:'1 - Poftiti! Poftim! (cand dam ceva)
How are you? > [hau a: r iu:] - Ce mai faci? Cum te mai simti?
hospital >[hospitl] - spital, clinica

husband >[hazband] - sot

kind >[kaind] - fel, tip

all kinds of >[ 0: 1 kaindz ov] - de toate tipurile, de toate felurile

knife/knives >[' nail]/[naivz] - cutit/cutite

lamp >111',111]1] -lampa

last >Ila:sll - ultim, (cel) din urma, trecut

leaf/leaves >['li:l"\~ li:vz] - fiunzalfrunze

life/lives .>lllliIH laivz] - viatalvieti

living-room :>llIvin(!-'l nun] - camera de zi

loaf/loaves >[ IOlll"\~ Inllv/I - franzela, paine (de 0 anurnita

fonna)/franzele

magazine ;~[ 1\, I':gozl:ii 1 -- revista, magazin

to make :-1 t 1I moil. I a thee, a confectiona

malch :'IIIIHl~1

the moOIl >11 Yo 1lI11:nl IUllll

mouse/mice >[ J1H1US]!I l1Iuis] ~oarCCC/~Ollrccj

newspaper >[niu:speipar ] - ziar, gazetll

nurse >[na:rs] - infmniera, sora

opposite >[ opazit] - vizavi de, de partea cealalta

the other >[DZiaDza'] - celalalt, cealalta (ceilalp.,

celelalte)

ox/oxen >[ oks]ll oksn) - bou/boi

parents >[peariints) - parinti

to park >[tu pa:'k) - a parca, a stationa

plant >[pla:nt), [plEnt) - planta

policeman/policemen >[pali:smEn]i[pali:sman] - politistlpoliti~ti

policewoman/policewomen >[pali:sUrnan) [pali:s"imin] - femei politistlfemeie politist

postman/postmen >[paustmEn)tIpaustman)

potato/potatoes >[pateitou)tIpateitouz) -j carto:ti'cartofi

to put on >(tu put on] - a se imbraca, a ~eza

quarter >[kuor:tit] - sfert, sfert de ceas/ora

ready >[redi] - gata, pregatit

seat >[ si:t] - loc de stat, scaun

shed >[~ed] - ~opron, ~ura

39
sheep > [~i:p ] - oaie, oi

shel£'shelves > [~elfJl[ ~elvz] - raft/rafturi

shirt > [~a:'t] - cama~a

sock > [sok] - ~oseta

sort > [~o:'t] - fel, tip

all sorts of > [0: 1 so:'ts ov] - de toate feIuriIe, de tot feIul

spring > [sprin(g)] - primavara, primavaratic

in spring > [in sprin(g)] - primavara

to stay > [tu stei] - a ramane, a sta

still > [stil] - inca, mai

television set > [telivijn set] - televizor

thing > [T'in Cg)] - lucru, obiect /~

tie > [tai] .- cravata

till > [til] - pana la, pana ce

tomato/tomatoes > [tama:tou]/[ tama:touz] - ro~ie/ro~ii, tomate

too .> [tu:] - de asemenea, ~i

tool > [tu:l] - uneaIta, scula

tooth/tecth > [tu:T']{ti:T'] - dinte/dinti

TV set > [ti:vi: sct] - televizor

typist > [taipist] - dactilografii

very > [veri] - foarte

to watch > [Ill "ot~] - a se uita, a veghea, a pandi

wife/wives > ["ail]lt"aivz] - sotie, nevast1ilsotii, neveste

yesterday > [iesl<I'dei], [iesta'di] - ieri

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