CARBON

NANOTUBES
Presented By –
Amarjit Biswas
E.C.E.
 WORLD OF NANO-TECHNOLOGY
 A Nano-Particle defines a
small object that behaves
as a whole unit in terms
of transport and
properties.

 Nanotechnology is in fact
a recasting of
straightforward materials
science.

 Nanotechnology, is the study of the controlling of matter

on an atomic and molecular scale, dealing with structures of
the size 100 nanometers or smaller in at least one dimension.
 CARBON NANO TUBES
AND ITS ORIGINS
 Carbon Nanotubes are
allotropes of carbon with
a cylindrical
nanostructure.

 In the 1970s, a preparation

of the planned carbon
filaments was completed
by Morinobu Endo.

 In 1993 that Iijima and Donald Bethune found single walled

nanotubes known as Buckytubes. which are completely
hollow molecules that are crafted from pure carbon and are
bonded together in a pattern of specific hexagon patterns.
TYPES OF NANOTUBES
SINGLE WALLED MULTI WALLED

NANO BUDS
 PROPERTIES
 Carbon nanotubes are the strongest and stiffest materials yet discovered in
terms of tensile strength and elastic modulus respectively. Tensile strength
of 63 gigapascals (GPa).

 Nanotubes are very good thermal conductors , exhibiting a property known

as Ballistic Conduction.

 The temperature stability of carbon nanotubes is estimated to be up to

2800 °C in vacuum and about 750 °C in air.

 Due to nanoscale dimensions, electrons propagate only along the tube's axis.
Hence, carbon nanotubes are frequently referred to as One-Dimensional.

 Multiwalled carbon nanotubes with interconnected inner shells show

Superconductivity with a relatively high transition temperature Tc = 12 K.
SYNTHESIS OF CARBON NANOTUBE
 Carbon Nanotubes were observed during “ARC-DISCHARGE” by
using a current of 100 amps.

 Graphite block is Vaporized

by high intensity Laser Pulse
in the presence of Inert Gases.
CNTs form on cooler surface.

 CNTs are formed on METAL

CATALYST (Ni, Fe, Co) in presence
of Ammonia, Nitrogen, Hydrogen
with Acetylene, Ethylene, Ethanol
or Methane at 700 degree Celcius.
 APPLICATION IN ELECTRONICS &
ELECTRICAL DEVICE
 The joining of two carbon
Nanotubes with different
electrical properties to form a
diode has been proposed.

 CNT based Ultra-Capacitors have

high energy density, Capacitances up
to 5000 Farads can be achieved.

 CNT based Transistors work at

room temperature and are capable
of fast digital switching using a
Single Electron.
 APPLICATON OF CNT IN OTHER
FIELDS
 World’s Smallest motor.
The “NANO MOTOR”

 CNT membranes support fluid flows

at several magnitudes greater than
proposed in Classical Fluid Dynamics.

 CNT sponge can filter any toxic sludge

from water . As CNT sponge is
Hydrophobic, it absorbs everything but
water.
 FUTURE APPLICATIONS
 CNT based BUCKY PAPERS are 250
times stronger than steel and 10 times
lighter. Shows promise as vehicle &
personnel armor and next-generation
electronics display.
 May be used in Nano-Radio, sound can
be generated not by vibrations but by
Thermoacoustics Principle.

 CNT can be used in SPACE-ELEVATOR

as it shows very high tensile strengths.
THANK YOU
……………
THE END