>>solar power system integrated into the buildings

the power station

solar power system(PV cells) integrated Photovoltaic cell
or any other solar
into the buildings or enclosures. capturing system.

in the process of the improvement. Positive parts.

_the expensive capital (initial costs) _the drastic reduction of the use of energy purchase from the normal electrical grid
_fossil backup or hybrid energy supply system for the operational energy consumption of the building (60% of the total)
_necessity of the new high power resistant grid leading to that of the CO2 emission.
(smart grid)
_governrnental financial support (subsidiaries). _redundant energy generated to be sold for the energy company.
(less involvement of the private market money)
_better reconciliation with the cityscape.

roofs roofs+claddings

PV cell-integrated
pane
glazing pane

Pleated form or la plie shows the likely solutions for

integration of the solar power system like PV cells
_fractal dimension and Cellular Automata spac e

As well known, the city scape and city development are characterized by the fractal
dimensions and lattice structures

_tokyo cityscape
_tree growth of the city

_the fractal features of the city (London) _singapore cityscape

APARTMENT PROJECT
Overall
AREA of the threshold 1,548.00 M2
Gross Floor Area(GFA) 6,466.16 M2
_Total North Block South block BF Total
Net Floor Area(NFA) 2,553.44 M2 2,591.37 M2 5,144.81 M2 332.35 %
Build Up Area(BUA) 687.00 M2 783.00 M2 1,470.00 M2
Floor Common Area(FCA) 209.96 M2 253.72 M2 253.72 M2
Vertical Penetration Area(VPA) 220.43 M2 582.83 M2 89.15 M2 892.41 M2
Ratio(NFA/(FCA+VPA) 85.58 • 75.60 • 81.78 •
Green Area 722.40 M2 783.09 M2 1,505.49 M2
Green Area(GF) 225.30 M2 287.50 M2 512.80 M2
Ratio(green area/threshold) 46.67 • 50.59 • 97.25 •
Ratio(green area exc.GF/BUA)) 72.36 • 63.29 • 67.53 •

BF(Parking Area) A 1/5(GFA),B Subtracted(A-B)

Paking 1,232.00 M2 309.60 M2 922.40
Ev,lobby, 89.15 M2
_Total 1,321.15 M2
Vertical Penetration Area(VPA)
Mechanical Room(MR) 148.70 M2
EPS./PS 26.52 M2
_Total 175.22 M2

NORTH BLOCK SOUTH BLOCK

GF 1F 2F 3F 4F 5F 6F 7F 8F 9F Total GF 1F 2F 3F 4F 5F 6F 7F 8F 9F Total
Vertical Penetration Area(VPA) Kindergarden 130.60 12.25 142.85
EPS/PS 03.33 02.00 05.33 Greens 127.30 127.30
EV 04.50 04.50 04.50 04.50 04.50 04.50 04.50 04.50 04.50 04.50 45.00 Vertical Penetration Area(VPA)
Stairs 18.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 18.90 170.10 EPS/PS 14.53 14.53
Floor Common Area(FCA) EV1 08.30 08.30 08.30 08.30 08.30 08.30 08.30 08.30 08.30 08.30 83.00
Path.EVLobby 47.00 27.50 28.40 27.00 19.26 19.40 19.70 188.26 EV2 06.93 06.93 06.93 06.93 06.93 06.93 06.93 06.93 06.93 06.93 69.30
Machine Room For the EV 21.70 21.70 Stairs1 20.80 20.80 20.80 20.80 20.80 20.80 20.80 20.80 20.80 20.80 208.00
Stairs2 20.80 20.80 20.80 20.80 20.80 20.80 20.80 20.80 20.80 20.80 208.00
Net Floor Area(NFA) Floor Common Area(FCA)
Residence-1 82.53 101.50 184.03 MDF 14.89 14.89
EPS./PS 01.78 01.78 03.56
Greens 68.90 15.65 84.55 Office for 19.37 Supervisor and The maintenance 00.00
Residence-2 146.22 122.50 268.72
EPS./PS 04.73 03.45 08.18 Path.EVLobby 94.90 39.80 28.78 11.00 10.38 09.10 28.07 16.80 238.83
Greens 23.60 07.62 31.22
Residence-3 173.80 100.40 274.20 Net Floor Area(NFA)
EPS./PS 04.71 02.09 06.80 Residence-1 98.57 54.60 153.17
Greens 95.70 43.60 139.30 EPS./PS 02.09 02.08 04.17
Residence-4 91.86 122.40 214.26 Greens 51.20 19.81 71.01
EPS./PS 03.33 03.33 06.66 Residence-2 124.70 88.40 213.10
Greens 37.10 15.80 52.90 EPS./PS 03.98 04.24 08.22
Residence-5 172.40 61.10 233.50 Greens 63.00 11.98 74.98
EPS./PS 00.95 01.83 02.78 Residence-3 108.10 107.10 215.20
Greens 20.97 32.85 53.82 EPS./PS 03.77 03.98 07.75
Residence-6 113.50 116.60 230.10 Greens 46.00 17.13 63.13
EPS./PS 02.10 02.95 05.05 Residence-4 119.40 102.70 222.10
Greens 91.40 10.37 101.77 EPS./PS 02.93 03.07 06.00
Residence-7 101.20 129.40 230.60 Greens 08.65 13.50 22.15
EPS./PS 01.80 01.80 03.60 Residence-5 65.07 93.20 158.27
Greens 00.00 38.90 38.90 EPS./PS 01.82 01.68 03.50
Residence-8 144.00 47.10 191.10 Greens 04.30 32.50 36.80
EPS./PS 03.46 03.36 06.82 Residence-6 104.50 121.60 226.10
Greens 43.64 43.64 EPS./PS 02.10 01.40 03.50
Residence-9 101.50 63.50 165.00 Greens 13.50 20.80 34.30
EPS./PS 03.74 02.00 05.74 Residence-7 87.40 82.60 170.00
Greens 39.80 36.10 75.90 EPS./PS 01.70 01.70 03.40
Residence-10 77.30 104.20 181.50 Greens 15.30 09.25 24.55
EPS./PS 03.46 03.46 Residence-8 120.60 85.46 206.06
Greens 38.00 17.40 55.40 EPS./PS 04.20 03.00 07.20
Residence-9 90.38 47.00 137.38 Greens 21.10 43.80 64.90
EPS./PS 02.00 03.40 05.40 Residence-9 88.50 62.45 150.95
Greens 20.40 20.40 EPS./PS 01.80 01.80 03.60
Residence-10 104.50 75.10 179.60 Greens 07.32 33.48 40.80
EPS./PS 02.00 03.40 05.40 Residence-10 94.00 73.50 167.50
Greens 24.60 24.60 EPS./PS 01.40 01.42 02.82
Greens 22.07 41.70 63.77
Residence-9 56.65 57.76 114.41
EPS./PS 01.48 01.50 02.98
Greens 19.40 07.70 27.10
Residence-10 62.24 46.78 109.02
EPS./PS 01.80 01.88 03.68
Greens 19.70 10.60 30.30
Residence-11 54.33 91.30 145.63
EPS./PS 01.42 01.42 02.84
Greens 21.70 08.20 29.90
Residence-12 69.10 47.50 116.60
EPS./PS 01.50 01.50 03.00
Greens 20.80 09.90 30.70
Residence-13 91.80 64.80 156.60
EPS./PS 01.42 02.58 04.00
Greens 08.80 32.60 41.40
>>>>Structural plan for the model. _designer:masataka fukui

the reinforced concrete beam and column are used for the building structure
the span of that structure is 6mx6m with the 75x75 column.
The important part about this mater is the double floor system allowing all ducts and pipes to be set and removed 750x750 500x500
easily (easty maintenance) and the free interior plan layout. 500x630

RC column RC beam and slab RC beam and slab

on the 6mx6m structural on the 3mx3m structural
lines lines
6,000
_structural components
750
500

750

3,480

6,000
500

3,480

_plan

300 3,480
630

2,400 3,480

100 _3Dview
300
630
in order to adopt the open building plan,
the skeleton has to create the gaps
2,400 3,480 appropriate for the installation of the mechanical
elements above and under the floor slab or
in patitions
100 by doing so, infill or interior programmes can
300 100mm 200-300mm
double floor double floor be flexibly planned.
630

2,400
by changing the height of
the floor slab, a space
100-300mm under the foor
can be created for the installation of
the mechanical elements such as ducts, pipes
_elevation and electrical cordes etc.
_Strucutural system enhancing
the open building
>>>>A system about the long lasting building use _designer:masataka fukui

The skeleton and the in fill or the open building system consists of very strong and endurable structural components allowing the layout of their in fill or interior space.
with the flexiblility. this is an engineering device realizing very philosophical spatial theory like open plan.

Water
related

Water
related
Kitchen
Kitchen

skeleton (structural or non-

structural frames )

skeleton infll _plans

all vertical shafts
system all spaces requiring ducts in the centre. all spaces requiring ducts near partitions
to contain all ducts are
located outside dwellings
in the common area. duct hole on the wall duct hole on the wall

vents
all of the interior spaces vents vents
or infills
In
Ext In
_idea about the skeleton in fill.
fundamental aspect of the skeleton in fill which is thought to be a system
allowing the endurable building use and the renewal of the interior spaces 1/100
to adjust the different users` needs. ratio of the exhaust
duct
exhaustion pipe for water
_sections exhaustion pipe for water
GAP above the ceiling
for Electrical or ventilation ducts the above system allows the flexible locations of
all interior spaces requiring ducts and pipes.

ext int
common exhaust water pipe
common exhaust water pipe

in fill or a dwelling
common exhaust water pipe
GAP under the floor
for both fresh and used water pipes as
well as Electrical or ventilation ones

central connecter

_sectional diagramme illustrating the SIB system utility header

this allows all interior elements to be located freely within a dwelling space
because all mechanical elements can be located within the gaps indicated above. to gather all
_comparasion about the pipes and vertical shaft of exhaust water
and channel to the common B.SIB system
A.conventional system vertical duct which can be all vertical shafts outside the dwellings
all vertical shafts inside the dwellings checked from the common area in the common area.
>>>>A system about the long lasting building use _designer:masataka fukui

all ducts and pipes channelled to the comman spaces

_3D view about a unit

_comparasion about the position of the vertical shafts common vertical
duct for easy renewal
and checking in
the common area
infill

horizontal water related

pipes for free interior layout

neighbouring wall

all electrical pipes

not within the RC components

vertical duct

the long lasting

_conventional _SI RC components
all vertical shafts within the dwellings all vertical shafts within the common area central duct
impeding the free layout of the interior space allowingthe free layout of the interior space connector
in the common skeleton
area
_the flexible plan layout between different neighbourhoods.
corriodor
in the common area

_all pipes in the common area

_conventional
fixed neighbouring dwellings

corriodor
in the common area

_SI corriodor
adjustable neighbouring dwellings in the common area
_3d cross sections of the corresponding parts _designer: masataka fukui
The thought about the open building is seen in the bellow sections in which, a large
space above the ceilings and bellow floors allow to set up mechanical installations
for ready removal and maintenance as well as the free plan layout.
all mechanical shafts are accessed in the common space.

Recessed
Turf balcony
above the soil
A
B

Recessed
balcony

EPS/PS
section_A
A
B MEP

MEP EPS/PS
MEP

section_B
 _designer: masataka fukui
_3d cross-section of the corresponding part.
The thought about the open building is seen in the bellow sections in which, a large
space above the ceiling and bellow floors allow to set up mechanical installations
for ready removal and maintenance as well as free plan layout.
all mechanical shafts are accessed from the common space.

Duct space

B
EPS/PS

Cross-section A

Cross-section B

A
_3dviews of the corresponding part of the North block of apartment. _designer: masataka fukui

_the wooden panels arethe main characteristics of all of the residental blocks and
the balconies are covered with the turfs and characterized by excess and recess.

View B View A

View A
_South facing view of north block

View C

View D

View B

_North facing view of the north block

View D
View C
_3dviews of the corresponding part of the North block of apartment. _designer: masataka fukui

The wooden panels clad facade characterizes the building envelope and the unit volume is
intriguingly enbedded into the CA body.The external vertical void services as the environmental
box for intake of the sunlight and the natural ventilation of the dwellings inside.

View A

View A

View B

View B

View C

_South facing view of the south block

View C

View D View D
_North facing view of the south block
 _designer:masataka fukui
_the Concept and the starting pattern

_initial pattern of the Cellular Automata

Zoning and context to determine the adjacenty of the model`s blocks.

_Context patches _all bits for the model

parameter_2
parameter_1 for the height
the creation of all MAX 10 storeys high.
CA volume by time

the edges the edges Void houseing

along which along which block
all boxes can all boxes can be
not belocated located.
but with distance.
 _designer:masataka fukui
_the Sunlight rule
there are two ways of enhancing the intake of the sunlight into each of rooms requiring it.

Methodology_1
by positioning the boxes.

58% 32%

58% 32%

58% 32%

60% 30%

75% 25%

Methodology_2
by the sunlight agents
 _designer:masataka fukui
_the Wind and the Air related rules
 _designer:masataka fukui
>>>>For transformation of the model created to the building body.
the securing of the privacy of each dwelling is achieved using the following solutions.
the void created by emvironmental methodology in the CA algorithm is interpreted as effective woids for
the layout of the building.

Views out to
Terrace theneighbouring
dwelling
_problems to be resolved

Terrace
Intrusion of
Vis a vis the privacy
Dwelling Dwelling
1 2

The use of the translucent

glass on the upper part glazing

Exceeded roof helps not to intrude

the views of the neighbours.

_Effective application of the voids

As the service area like the staircase As the external lung or atrium
As other solid space or the EV or communitary space.(path, or light well
plaza)

EV
 _designer:masataka fukui
> > > > E v a l u a t i o n s o f m o d e l s c r e a t e d f o r t h e b u i l d i n g b o d y.
-Criteria for the judgment and key observation.
-1. Faces
Th southern facing parts have to hold many set backs.whilst the northern facing ones should show the facade type adjoining the road.
-the common features in the street side are of wall type facade whilst that in the south has setbacks capable of receiving the sunlight.

-2.global shape
the height of the north block is the same as or the higher than that of the south block.

-3.Balanced Distribution of all of CA cells.

-4. the maximizing AREA near the regulations. (3,643m2)

this value is obtained on the basis of the architectural standard in japan. Gross Floor Area(GFA)/Site Plot Area *100=250%

NOT SELECTED

-1.

-2. The north block doesn`t hold

enough number of boxes
-3. in its overall shape.

-4. 4,160m2>3,643m2

NOT SELECTED

-1.

-2. The north block doesn`t hold

enough number of boxes
-3. in its overall shape.

-4. 4,149m2>3,643m2
 _designer:masataka fukui
> > > > E v a l u a t i o n s o f m o d e l s c r e a t e d f o r t h e b u i l d i n g b o d y.

NOT SELECTED

-1.

-2.

-3.

-4. 3,836m2>3,643m2

NOT SELECTED

-1.

-2.

-3.

-4. 3,785m2>3,643m2
 _designer:masataka fukui
> > > > E v a l u a t i o n s o f m o d e l s c r e a t e d f o r t h e b u i l d i n g b o d y.

NOT SELECTED

-1.

-2.

-3.

-4. 2,822m2<3,643m2

NOT SELECTED
-1.

-2.

-3.

-4. 2,800m2<3,643m2
 _designer:masataka fukui
> > > > E v a l u a t i o n s o f m o d e l s c r e a t e d f o r t h e b u i l d i n g b o d y.

by adding boxes into the north block, we increase AREA of the model.
This is because that block has the spaces around the upper parts.
SELECTED +100%

Supposition: _ the number of the total AREA by adding more boxes

_ the number of the total AREA set up by the algorithm In case there is a necessity of increasing the number of boxes
by creating the common green areas around the plot area
Plot Area:1,548m2 as the form of contributing to the neighbouring areas and Plot Area:1,548m2
making safer pedestrian circulation route.
Building Area: 3,728m2 Possible Building Area:5,263m2
Volume rate :3,728/1,548x100=240% Volume rate :240%+100%=340%
based on the Japanese regulation based on the Japanese regulation
as the reference. as the reference.
>>>>Key characterisics of the model selected. _designer:masataka fukui

the overall morphology of the model selected is one of the characteristics of the cellular automata and the south face part holds many subtracted parts as per rules set up/

_North Elevation _East Elevation

_South Elevation _West Elevation

>>>>Key characterisics of the model selected. _designer:masataka fukui

Like any other model not selected, this model holds interesting clusters within it. they vary from the height to gluing patterns.
Also they are very significant characteristics in order to determine real residential clusters and their cores.

a cluster a cluster
with this height with this height
A B

one storey cluster one-storey cluster

C

_3d view showing

clusters

a mass with a tower-like element a mass with a tower-like element

_plan showing a cluster a cluster D
clusters with this height with this height a mass with E
a tower-like element
A B
D
a mass with
a tower-like element
E

_3d view showing A cluster E cluster

_3d view showing clusters and cores B cluster D cluster
clusters with the core with the core with the core
with the core
 _designer:masataka fukui
>>>>Key characterisics of the model selected.
They contribute to determine spatial and programmatical organizations of the building body.
Like any other model not selected, this model holds interesting voids(dispersed voids)
and the rules formulated for the algorithm are satisfied. _continous voids within the model

void

_Areas

_continous voids within the model

_continous voids within the model
>>>>structural plan for the model. _designer:masataka fukui

all of the building bodies will have the 6mx6m structural RC frames composed of columns and beams
as the model has already strucutral properties of 3mx3m lattice of boxes, it will be quite ready to transform it into the
standardarized structural system.

_A.south view of the south block _B.north view of the south block

_C.north view of the north block

_D.south view of the north block