usaemf eSifh (,Gm;a[vl) okd@r[kwf ydGKifh (491)

(ref;a&mbwf bZef)
tykdif;(u)
(The enemy of my enemy is my friend)
(Saw Ba Oo Gyi)

(Operation Promise land)( opPmajr)ppfqifa&;ukd usaemfeSifh AkdvfrSL;=uD;

pkd;pdk;wkd@ 1986 ckeSpf ekdif0ifbmvY wyfr[m (6)/ a0:avatmufpcef;rSmpwif taumiftxnf
az:vm&m/ wcsdK@w0ufjyD;ajrmufcJhjyD;jzpfonf? xkdppfqifa&;ukd taumiftxnfaz:&mYacsmarG@
ajyjypfap&eftwGufe,fajrtajctae/ &efol@tajctaersm;ukd avhvm&ef vkdaeao;ojzifhwyf
rSL; AkdvfrSL;pkd;pkd;.wm0efay;csuft& rdrdeSifhcspf&Jabmfbm*smrGwf (usqHk;) wkd@eSpfOD;bdwf/ xm;0,f
c&kdif/ weoFm&DjrdK@e,f/(rkd;awmif) pcef;&Sd c&kdifOuUX AkdvfrSL;=uD;apmrmA,fvf (uG,fvGef)ukdoGm;
a&mufowif;ykd@onf?
&efolukd =udKwifjyifqifrSKr&SdbJ rwkdufeJ@/ &efol@ta=umif;/ukdf,fhta=umif;odatmift&ifvkyf/
'grSwkdufyJGw&m atmifyJGw&m&r,f)

w&ufcef@4if;xHrStaxGaxG&efol@owif;/ e,fajrtajctaersm;rSwf,ljyD;aemufwae@c&D;
xGuf&efjyifonf?“cifAsm;ukd e,fajrusGrf;usifwJh Akdvf'g;=uD;/xdkpOfu KNDO wyf&if;(&)wyfcJG
rSL;/ (,ckwwd,ekdifiHa&mufaeol)ukdxnfhay;vkdufr,f/ypPwkdwa,mufwvuf eJ@ M-72 wvHk
pDay;vkdufr,f”/
c&D;xGufcgeD;usaemhukd 4if;ywfxm;aom(Mido)em&DjzLwfay;onf/xkdpOfuus
aemhrSmem&Dr&Sdyg? wefbkd;=uD;aomxkdem&DrsKd ; 0,ftm;r&Sdyg?atmufajc&Jabmfrsm;tay: arwWm/
apwem&Sdaomacgif;aqmif wyfrSL; =uD;/tm;av;pm;rdonf? usaemfwkd@c&D;xGufaomtcg Akdvf'g;
=uD;eSifh &Jabmf(3)a,muf/ rdrd eSifh &Jabmfbm8smrGwf aygif;(6)a,muf jzpfonf?
(aemif;bGm)awm=uD;ukdjzwfonf?naeapmif;awmh KNDOpcef;a&mufjyD;ntdyfonf?
eHeufapmapmx/xrif;xkwfjyd; c&D;xGuf/ wae@vHk;vrf;avsmS uf// &Srf;&Gm=uD;rsm;ukdjzwf/ awmif
wuf/ aemufawmifajcwGiftdyfonf? eHeuf tpm;taomuf jyifqifaepOf wJab;Y uSGsJ (15)
aumifeSifh v,fxGefaeaom tuFsAD vmeSifhvlukdawG@onf/ rkd;awG&Gmaeonf/ rcsrf;bl;vm;rod/
“'Dvlrcsrf;bl;vm;As/ 'Davmufrkd;&Gmaewm/ tusFDvnf;rygbl;” ar;&m/ Akdvf'g;=uD; /(rS/ “b,fcsrf;
rvJAs/ aq;pm;xm;wm”“bmaq;vJAs” “bdef;pm&Guf”wJh?usaemfwkd@aeaomwJem;wGifbdef;pm
 (2)
&Guftyif&Sdonf/ cl;jyD;eef;=unfhawmh pdrf;a&SGa&SG teH@&onf?
(bdef;pm&Gufonf tat;cHekdifonf/ tarmcHekdifonf) odk@aomf rl;,pfaq;wrsKd ;jzpfonf?
u&iftrsKd ;om;vGwfajrmufa&;wyfrawmfu wm;jrpfxm;onf? c&D;xGufvm&m rqHk;ekdifaom
(y0) &Gmokd@a&mufonf? xkd&GmwGif &Jabmfrsm;tm;xm;cJhjyD;aemufae@Y Akdvf'g;=uD;eSifh rdrdwkd@eSpfOD;
om (*sdK;awmif) odk@ c&D;quf=uonf?
(*sdK;awmif)okd@oGm;&mvrf;wavsSmuf jrpf/acsmif;rsm;ukd avSmfavSrsm;/pufavSrsm;jzifhoGm;
=uonf? 'Da&wuf&mt&yfjzpfojzifh {&m0wDjrpf0useG f;ay:eSifhwyHkpHxJjzpfonf? rdrd(1964) ckeSpf
vufeufukdifawmfvSefa&;abmifokd@pwifajccsaom (vyGwWm) jrdK@e,feSifh tawmhukdwlonf? vrk
vruf/uepkdyifrsm;/ oifaygif;yifrsm;eSifhtjynfh? naeapmif;awmh usaemfwkd@ae&rnfhae&mokd@ vl
wOD;oGm;ykd@onf? apmifryg/ ,loGm;aomykcufeSifhtdwfonf?ukdufvkdufonfhjcif? a&wuf a&us
aomae&mjzpfojzifh rkd;vif;awmh wJatmufajcwckvHk;a&vSGrf;aeonf? vlwa,muf aygifv,f
avmuf&Sdaeonfh a&ay:wGif("ed)&nftkd;rsm;ukdwJokd@,lvmonf? Akdvf'g;=uD;rS rdwfqufay;onf
ol@trnf (y,fv,fzkd;)wJh? xkdolonf yifvifjyiftawmf=uGrf;ol/ &J&ifholwOD;jzpfonf?( "ed)&nf
eSifh {nfhcHonf? tvGefcsKd jyD; rl;,pfvmonf? pum;ajymaumif;onf/ ol@xHrS bdwfyifv,fjyifo
wif;pHkpHkvifvif&onf? aemufae@ (*sdK;awmif) &GmxJoGm;jyD; (a&SGvSykdif) qkdoleSifhawG@onf?tvGef
az:a&Gygonf? ol@xHrSvnf; &efol@owif;tawmf&vkdufonf? usaemfwkd@xkdwJYaepOftwGif;&Gm
om;rsm;vm=uonf? csufpm;&ef =uufrsm;,lvmonf/ odk@aomf pm;qDr&Sd/ tHk;qDeSifh csufpm;&
onf? (pGefy'wf)oD;trSnfhrsm; ,lvmonf? ydeMJoD;eSifh tawmhukdwlonf/ odk@aomf t&G,fi,f
onf? tvGefcsdKarSG;onf?
rSwfcsuf?
a&SGvSykdifonf yifv,f 'g;jyAkdvfjzpfonf?qif;&Jom;rsm;ukd 'g;jyrwkduf/olaX;rsm;ukdomwkdufonf?
wkduf&mygrsm;ukd qif;&Jom;rsm;okd@a0ay;a=umif; aemifrS od&onf? yifv,f ('g;jy) tzJG@rsm; we
oFm&Durf;wavsmS ufrsm;pGm&Sdonf?tiftm;&Spfq,frSw&mtxd&SdjyD;acwfrSDvufeuf=uD;/vufeuf
i,frsm;&Sdonf?
vkdtyfaomowif;tcsuftvuf&&SdjyD;jzpfojzifh (rkd;awmif)okd@ jyefwufvm=uonf? (rkd;
awmif) a&mufjyD; (vayg0g;) (aiGvkdif;jzL) ppfqifa&; pDrHcsufa&;om;jyD; OuUX=uD;ukdwifjyonf?
aemufae@usaemfwkd@ukd(befaumuf)ac:oGm;onf? pm;aomufqkdifwGifeHeufpmpm;&efaiGay;vkduf
onf/ (befaumuf) jrdK@ukdusifvnfrnf[kxif&aom Akdvf'g;=uD; pm;aomufqkdifrS[if;tr,frsm;
ukd rSmaeonf/ yg;pyfrS “ ted/ ted/ ted”[kvufndK;xkd;jy aeonf? usaemhtxif xkdif;pum;
tawmfwwfrnf? rSmxm;aomtpm;tpmrsm;pm;yJGxkd;vmcsonf?=uufajcaxmufokwf/tjcm;
tokwf/tm;vHk;tokwfrsm;jzpfonf? pm;yJGwckvHk;tokwfrsm;eSifh jynfhaeonf? “a[haumifrif;
 (3)
[mu bmawGvJuG/ tm;vHk;tokwfawGbJvm;?” [if;csKd eSifhtausmf tavSmfrsm;ryg? rwwf
ekdif/ ukd,frS rrSmwwfbJ olrsm;rSmwmukdom pm;jyD; Akdufjznfhvkdufonf?
aemuf w&uf/ eSpf&ufwGif wyfr[m(6) (a0:av) rdrdpcef;okd@jyefa&mufonf? wyfrSL;okd@
c&D;pOf eSifh (vayg0g;) ppfqifa&;pDrHcsufukdjyonf? (vayg0g;)ppfqifa&;onf(Promise land)
ppfqifa&;=uD; .axmufyHha&; pDrHcsufjzpfonf? (a0:av) atmufpcef;Y &Jabmfrsm;eSifhpDum;ae
onf? abmfvDabm ykwfolykwf/ ykdufausmfjcif; cwfolcwf/iSufaysmyifajc&if;&Sd ywfv,fxkdifcHk
wGif*DwmwD;olwD;ESifh pkdajyaeonf/ om,mvSyaeonf?
vmrnfhw&uf/ eSpf&uftwGif;c&D;&Snfcsw D uf=u&awmhrnf?c&D;rxGufrSD(a0:av)ppfaq;&Hk
rS aq;olemjyKq&mrrsm;eSifh cspf=uGrf;0ifae=uaomAkdvfwifhvGifeSifh wyf=uyf=uD;*sKd ;jzL (wyfxJ0if
vmpOfvGwfvyfa&;eSifhjidrf;csrf;a&;twGufwkdufyJG0ifrnf h&Jabmftjzpf&nfrSef;I jidrf;csrf;a&;8sKd ;jzL
tjzpfrSnfhay;vkdufaomtrnfjzpfonf/ (,ckwwd,ekdifiHa&mufaejyD;) wkd@eSpfOD;rdrdxHvma&mufI
wyfjyifxGufcGifhawmif;onf?
olwkd@eSpfa,mufrdrdxHvmjyD; jyHK;pdjyHK;pd eSifh
“usaemfwkd@aq;&HkbufoGm;cGifhay;yg”
“igodygw,f/ c&D;xGufcgeD;rSmp&m&SdwmrSm=uaygu h Gm;/”cGifhay;vkdufonf?tjcm;&Jabmfrsm;
vnf; toD;oD;cGifhawmif;=uonf? wyfjyifxGufcGifh ukdpHepfwusvkyfxm;onf?owfrSwfcsdef trSD
jyefa&muf&ef nGef=um;xm;jyD;jzpfonf?
owfrSwfcsed fvGefrSjyefa&mufvmaom&JabmfvSxGef;OD;(om;=uD;)eSifh &Jabmfjidrf;jidrf;wkd@eSpfOD;
ukdac:awG@onf/t&uftawmfrl;aeyHkay:aeonf(&Jabmfjidrf;jidrf; eSifh &JabmfvSxGef;OD; wkd@eSpfOD;vHk;
wwd,ekdifiHa&muf=uukefjyD;)? owfrSwfcsed ftrSDa&muf&ef ajy;vm=uonf?
“armvkdufwm(=D;w,frSbJ/aomufxm;wJht&ufawG b,fa&mufukefrSef;awmifrodawmh
bl;” okd@aomfowfrSwfcsed fra&muf?tcsKyfwkd@/ =udrf'%fwkd@ay;cJhjyD;jzpfonf? &JabmfawGukdtom;r
emapcsifwJhapwemvnf;ygonf? (pnf;urf;r&SdwJhvufeufukdifwyf[m wyfrawmfr[kwfbl;/ ('g;
jytzJG@bJ) jzpfonf? xkd@a=umifh pnf;urf;&SdwJh wyfrawmfjzpfa&;ukd usKd ;pm;vkyfaqmifonf?
“rif;wkd@owfrSwfwJh tcsed fvGefoGm;w,f/ 'kwf,lrvm;? '%f,lrvm;?
“'%f,lr,f?”
“uJ/ 'gqkd [krd Smxm;wJh a&ykH;eJ@xrf;bkd;oGm;,l” &ef nGef=um;vkdufonf?
“ tvHwkdifatmufrSmxm;wJh av;awmifhoHykef;xJ a&tjynfhxnfh”

(4)
rSwfcsuf?
 a&jznfh&efxm;aoma&yHk;rSm ekd@qDbl;jzpfonf? ekd@qDbl;eSpfbl;eSifh av;awmifhoHyHk;a&tjynfh
jznfh&efrnfrsS=umrnfukd cef@rSef;ekdifrnfjzpfonf?'%f,lygu =udrf'%fjzpfonf?=ucwf0g;vuf
rt&G,f/ eSpfawmifcef@jzwfxm;onf? tenf;qHk;(3)csufrS (5) csuftxd typfay;cH&rnfh jzpf
onf?
wyfzJG@&Hk;onfawmifukef;ay:wGif&Sdonf?acsmif;xJukd(&)rdepfcef@qif;&rnfjzpfonf?ekd@qD
bl;(4)bl;eSifhav;a'gifhoHyHk;tjynfhb,feSpfacgufwufvkdufqif;vkdufa&tjynfhcwf&rnfukdcef@
rSef;ekdifygonf? b,f&Jabmfu vufo&rf;xm;onfrod/ekd@qDbl;rsm;ukdtaygufuav;rsm;yif
azgufxm;ao;onf? rwaxmifom;awG/ tjcm;wyfu vufrcHcsifolawGqkdawmh'Davmuf
av;awmh&Sdekdifygonf?
eHuf (5) em&Dxkd;onfeSifhu&iftrsKd ;om;tvHawmftav;jyKjcif;eSifhopPmav;csufqkd=u
onf?
=igwkd@onf trsdK;om;vGwfajrmufa&;twGufwkdufyJG0ifygrnf?
=igwkd@onf trsdK;om; ukd,fykdifjyXmef;cGifh&&Sda&;twGuf wkdufyJG0ifygrnf?
=igwkd@onf usqHk;avjyD;aom tmZmenfrsm;tay: opPm&Sdygrnf?
=igtm; txufrSay;tyfaomwm0efeSifh0wW&m;rsm;ukdausjyGefpGmxrf;aqmifygrnf[kopPmjyK
ygonf [laom opPmjyKoHonf (a0:av) w&GmvHk;ukd vGrf;jcHKoGm;awmhonf?
wyfa&;Akdvf=uD;apmpkdif;rGefonf rdrdtm;rdef@cGef;ajcG&efvma&mufowif;ykd@ojzifhwef;pD
xm;jyD; owdtaetxm;eSifh&Sdaeaom &Jabmfrsm;&Sd&mokd@vmjyD;-
“wyfzJG@ oufom/ at;ap” taetxm;eSifhaeapjyD; rdrdpum;pajymvkdufonf?
&Jabmfwkd@-
igwkd@ reufzefc&D;xGufawmhr,f?oGm;&rJhc&D;ua0;w,f? wzufekdifiHukdjzwfoGm;&r,f?
wdwfwdwf/ qdwfqdwf&Sdbkd@vkdw,f? ukd,fhwkdif;jynfr[kwfbl;/ owfrSwfxm;wJh/ um;&yfrJh ae&m
a&mufrS tdrfomwuf&r,f/ pm;&rJhae&ma&mufrS pm;&aomuf&r,f? wkd@wawG[maysmfyJGpm;
xGufwmr[kwfbl;/ppfqifa&;=uD;wckukdqifeJG&rSmjzpfw,f/toGm;ajc&mbJ&Sd&if&Sdr,f?bmbJjzpf
jzpf/ ppfxJ0ifuwJu &Sifaorif;ukdopPmeSHxm;=ujyD;jzpfw,f?trsKd ;om;tvHawmfukdukd,fwG,f
opPmqkdxm;jyD;vJjzpfw,f?b,fae&m/b,ftcsed fbJaoao/=udKufwJhtcsed ftrsdK;om;twGuft
aocHwkdufyJG0ifr,fvkd@ igwkd@tm;vHk;opPmjyKxm;w,f/ tqef;r[kwfbl;? (Death Rather
Than Slavery) (Death Rather Than to be a coward) “useG fjzpf&jcif;xuf
aowmujrwfw,f/ ol&Jabmfa=umifjcif;xuf aowmujrwfw,f” vkd@igwkd@cH,lxm;=ujyD;”
(5)
ckwef;pDxm;wJh&Jabmftm;vHk;igeJ@vkdufrJh &JabmfawGr[kwfvm;?“[kwfw,f”[laom
 tajzwuGif;vHk;qlnHoGm;onf? vkdufrJh&Jabmfpm&if;ukd wyfa&;Akdvf=uD;bwfjyonf?
ref;&mbwfZef/ apmpkdif;rGef/ apmwifhvGif/ apmxl;xl;/ ref;jidrf;jidrf;/ apmaumfvm/apmxJepif
(KNU/KNLA)/ apmau; 'kdap;/ apmaomxl;/ (,Gm;a[vlwkdufyJGYusqHk;)/ apmxDbvk/
apmzkd;omxl; (,Gm;a[vlwkdufyJGY usqHk;)/ref;xGef;jrifh/ref;=uma=u;/ ref;atmifxGef;/ ref;eef;
atmif/ ref;at;aomif;(DKBA/ref;uwHk;(Z'def/avnSmwkdufyJGYusqHk;)//ref;a&SGref;pdef/ ref;
cspf0if;/apmarmfuGD;/ ref;8sKd ;jzL/ ref;wifxGef; (Z'def/avnmwkdufyJGYusqHk;)/ ref;0if;bkd/ ref;a';
Apf/ukdfausmfpGm/ (qHk;) apmoef;0if;(apmukvm;)? ref;armifat;/ apmyef;a0(vufeufcs)/ref;
=unfjrifh/ref;=unfat;/ ref;aomif;pdef/ ref;om"k/ rkd[mruf irJ (ausmfqef;)/ apm0if;aexl;/
apmaumfaexl;/ pvkdif;aeOD;/ ref;vbkd/apmqm'l;'l/ ref;apmi,f (qHk;)/ ref;vSjrifh (qHk;)/ref;
jrifhvSdKif/ ref;ausmfaZ,s/ ref;ausmfrkd;ekdif/ ref;tzk/ ref;t,kdifh (DKBA) ref;a&SGvm/ ref;
armifydef/ apmoufaZmf/ apmcifarmifxGef;/ ref;ausmfausmf eSifh apmvm;a[;wkd@ jzpfa=umif;
bwfjyonf? pkpkaygif;&Jabmf (5) usyd f jzpfonf?
wyfa&;Akdvf=uD; apmpkdif;rGef tiftm;pm&if; zwf=um;jyD;aemufrdrdrS rdef@cGef; qufajym
onf?
&Jabmfwkd@-
ppfxGufjyD;qkd&if/cspfOD;olawGukd cJGcGm&r,f?tdrfoloufxm; cspfZeD;r,m;awG/om;orD;awGukd
&uf&Snfvrsm; cJGcGm&r,f/'g[gurBmhppforkdif;tpuwJujzpf&SdcJhwJhw&m;awGjzpfw,f?iguawmh
a&S@wef;xGufjyD;qkdwmeJ@tm;vHk;ukdarhxm;vkdufw,f/bmoHa,mpOfrS rxm;bl;/igwa,mufxJ
&Sdw,fvkd@cH,lvkdufw,f?'DvkdrSr[kwf&ifigvnf;vlwa,mufbJuG/rdom;pkukdowd&wmwkd@/vSGrf;
wmwkd@ jzpfw,f? 'ga=umifh tm;vHk;arhxm;vkduf/ jyefawG@=urSbJ w0=uD;cspfayg@ [kwfvm;?[k
rdef@=um;jyD; wyfa&;Akdvf=uD; apmpkdif;rGefukd qufvkyf&ef nGef=um;vkdufonf?
aemufae@ekd0ifbmv 30&uf/ 1989ckeSpf c&D;pxGufonf/ wae@vHk;um;pD;onf/wnvHk;
um;pD;jyD; noef;acgifausmfrS (rkd;awmif)a&mufawmhonf? (Sweet December) [k
jydKifwlaxmyemjyKoH=um;ae&onf/ “=o 'DZifbmvawmifa&mufawmhrSmvm;?” “usefcJhwJh
ZeD;eJ@om;/orD;av;awG(Sweet December)nbk&m;0wfjyK=uawmhrnfukdjrifa,mifvm
onf?
(rkd;awmif) a&mufjyD; wyfawGukdae&mcsonf? xkdpOfu bdw-f xm;0,fc&kdifY wyf&if;
(10)tqifhom&Sdao;onf/ (rkd;awmif) wGif wyfcJGwcJGxm;onf? (rkd;awmif)wm0efcHrSmAkdfvfrSL;
[ef=unfjzpfonf?
(6)
rSwfcsuf?
wyf&if;(10)rS (NDF) tygwfpOf(1)rdrdeSifhAkdvfoifwef;twlwufa&mufcJholrsm;rSm rdrdrSwfrd
oavmuf? Akdfvfrlu,f/ Akdvfaumu&/ AkdvfvGrf;xl;jrwf/ AkdvfxGef;xGef;/ Akdvfwmt,frl;/ Akdvf
atmifekdif wkd@jzpfonf?
rdrdwkd@(rkd;awmif)a&mufpOf rdrdeSifh tywfpOfwckxJrS Akdvf aumu&eSifhjyefawG@onf?e,f
ajrtajctae/&efol@tajctaeukdar;onf?xm;0,fjrdhKYcv&(25)w&if;om&Sdonf/aemif;bGm
awm=uD;onf ql;jcHKawGxlxyfonf/us,fonf/ &efolpxGufuwJuajymufusm;qufwkdufypf
ae&if awmfawmfeSifh(rkd;awmif)ra&mufekdif?(KNDO) awG wyfcsxm;wJhae&muvJ pkd;rkd;ukef;
jzpfaeonf? ajrjyiftaetxm;t& ppfwkdufvkd@aumif;onf[k rSwf,lxm;onf?
aemufae@ (88)jynfol@awmfvSefa&;&Jabmfrsm;&Sd&mpcef;ukd oGm;v,fonf? eSpf&mcef@&Sd
rnf?vli,f/vl&SG,f/&Jabmf/&JarawGjzpfonf?awmfvSefppftawG@t=uHKeke,fao;olrsm;jzpfonf?
okd@aomf jynfol@awmfvSefa&; pdwf"gwfuawmh awmifxdyfrSm&Sdaeonf? xkd&Jabmfrsm;teuf/
ausmif;om;wyfrawmf (ABSDF) wyf&if;(203) wyf&if;rSL; jzpfvmrnfhukdxdefvif;eSifhawG@
onf? bdwfoH0J0J eSifh olpum;ajymoHrSm em;axmifvkd@aumif;aeonf?
“cifAsm;wkd@ tzJG@rSmaoewfb,favmuf&SdvJ?”
“&kdifz,f oHk;vuf”
“ enf;wmaygh/ usaemhrSm (0rf;cg) wkdufyJGu &xm;wJhaoewftykd (15) vuf&Sdw,f? ppf
wkdufcsifwJh &Jabmf (15) a,muf usaemfeJ@twlvkdufvkd@&w,f? oabmwl&ifeufzefusaemfqD
vmcJh”&efajymjyD; rdrdtajcjyK&mokd@ jyefvmonf? aemufae@ Akdvfxdefvif;tygt0if &Jabmf (15)
a,mufusaemhxHa&mufvmonf? rdrd&Jabmfrsm;eSSifhtwlxm;jyD; trsKd ;om; vGwfajrmufa&; eSifh
'Drkdua&pDa&;twGuf wkdufyJG0ifrnfh rdrd&Jabmfrsm;tjzpfoabmxm;vkdufonf?
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onf? xkd8dwfukd Akdvf=uD;vSpkd; (usqHk;) rS (,Gm;a[vl) [k trnfay;xm;onf? (,Gm;a[vl) .
paumu&if t"dy`g,frSm (bk&m;ay;aomukef;) [lIjzpfonf? xku d kef;eSifhreD;ra0;wGif ydGKifh (491)
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em&Dcef@wuf&onf?vrf;wavsmuf wcsdK@tyifrsm;.t&Gufonf vufukdxdrdygu(abmufzwf)
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wygwfcef@t=um wyf&if;(10)rS jyefwrf;wcka&mufvmonf? rdrdwkd@tzJG@tm; ppfa=umif;
(3)[kowfrSwfvkdufonf? rdrdwkd@tkyfcsKyfrSKatmufwGif Akdvfcdkif&mZm( tdeNd,usGef;wuseG f;wGifu
&if/&ckdifwyfrSL;wcsKd @eSifh&ufpufpGmtowfcHvkduf&ol) OD;pD;aom &ckdiftrsKd ;om;tzJG/@ Akdvft'lvm
OD;pD;aom aumfol;av rGpPvifvGwfajrmufa&;wyfzJG@ &Sdonf? ppfa=umif;(3)tqifajyacsmarG@ap
a&;twGuf&ckdifeSifh rGpPviftzJG@rsm;ukdppfa=umif;&Hk;okd@ jyefvm&efnGef=um;vkdufonf?vlpHka&muf
vmjyD;jzpfI pnf;a0;yJGjyKvkyfonf? tcsuf(3)csufcsrSwfvkdufonf?
yXr tcsuf/tqifh(1)/ (tajccHpcef;ckdifrma&;)/
'kwd,tcsuf/ tqifh(2)/ (vlxkpnf;&Hk;a&;)eSifh
wwd,tcsuf/tqifh(3)/ (yifv,fjyifpkd;rkd;a&;)wkd@jzpfonf? e,fajrtaeeSifhygwfoufjyD;-
“bkwfjyif;rSm cv& (224) &Sdw,f/ aumhaomifrSm/ wcJG/ (rm&rf;) rSmwcJG&Sdw,f? pcef;&Jh
awmifbufrSm (AkdvfaoG;) OD;pD;wJh ('nw)tzJG@/ wkd@&JhajrmufbufrSm( A*Hkrmef) OD;pD;wJh rGeftzJG@/
rGeftzJG@eJ@ usaemfwkd@=um;rSm (&wemyHk) rkdif;&Sdw,f/ &efol&Sdw,f/ (u&ol&d) *GifrSmvSKyf&Sm;aewJh
('g;jy) tzJG@&Sdw,f? vleJ@vufeuftiftm;awG rodao;bl;/ 'Dt zJG@awG &efolukdomqef@usif&if
igwkd@ r[mrdwfzJG@&r,f?”
“(The enemy of my enemy is my friend) qkdwJh ('\e) ukdtaumift
xnfaz:&r,f?,m,DbJjzpfjzpf/tjrJwef;bJjzpfjzpf zJG@&r,f/&efolrrsm;vmatmifvkyf&r,f/e0w
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(emuza&mif) (Z'def)pwJh u&if&GmawG/(avnSm) pwJh (yosLS ;-bdwf) &GmawG[mpcef;eJ@ (3)&uf
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vlxkbJjzpfjzpf pnf;&Hk;&r,f/” “vlxq k kd&if b,fvlrsKd ;bJjzpfjzpf tvkyfta=uG;jyK&r,f pnf;&Hk;&
r,f”
“pnf;&Hk;a&;vkyfwmavoGm;uefwmr[kwfbl;/tvkyfta=uG;oGm;jyKwm/ ZdefeJ@xkdifjyD;vlxk
ukd ckdif;pm;wmr[kwfbl;/ vlxkvkyfief;awGrSm yg0ifvkyfukdifwmjzpfw,f? vlxkjyoemukd ulnD
ajz&Sif;ay;wm/ vlxktcuftcJukd ulnDwmjzpfw,f?”
“yifv,fjyifpkd;rkd;a&;ukd wwd,tqifhrSmxm;w,f/ (aumhaomif;) u bdwfusGef;pkawGt
xd bmpD;yGm;a&;awG&Sdw,f/ ig;zrf;avS (=uD;/ vwf/ i,f) b,favmuf&Sdw,f/ ykvJ-iSufokdufvkyf
ief;awG bmawG&Sdw,fqkdwm 'DrvmcifuwJu vmpHkprf;xm;jyD;jzpfw,f? t"dutcsuf[m
(&efolukdacsrSKef;ekdifbkd@ rdrdukd,fukd ckdifrm awmifhwif;atmif wnfaqmuf&r,f?)
'Dpcef;[m 'kd@&t J ajccHpcef;bJ?”
(9)
 'Dpcef;ckdifrmbkd@ pnf;0kdif; (Circle) (3)ckxm;w,f?
-twGif;pnf;/ yXrpnf;0kdif;[m 'Dpcef;jzpfw,f/
-tv,fpnf;/ 'kwd,pnf;0kdif;[m (yvmatm) acsmif;txdjzpfjyD;/
-tjyifpnf;/ wwd,pnf;0kdif;uawmh (bkwfjyif;) em;txdjzpfw,f
tqifh (1) eJ@ twGif;pnf;ukd t&ifvkyfr,f?
AkdvfaoG;&Jh ('nw) tzJG@ukd t&ifpnf;&Hk;r,f/ aemuf rGeftzJG@/jyD;&if (u&ol&d)u ('g;jy)tzJG@
ukd rdwfaqGrjzpfawmif 'kd@ukdrwkdufbkd@/ rqef@usifbkd@ (=um;xm;) bkd@vkyf&r,f?” “twGif;pnf;
pDrHcsuftawmh-tckdiftrmpcef;[m (uD;'kd)ukef;jzpfw,f/ol@&Jhatmufem;u awmifa=umukd t
t&Htjzpfxm;r,f? ydGKifh(491) ukef;ukdarhxm;vkd@r&bl;/ tm;vHk;ukd pkd;rkd;xm;w,f? cufwmu'D
ukef;[m trSefrSm e,fjcm;owfrSwf&mrSm a&a0ukef;wef;twkdif; e,fjcm;owfrSwf&r,f/ ckawmh
uGm awmifxdyfra&mufcif ab;uygwfjyD;qJGoGm;w,f/ 'Dawmh pkd;rkd;ukef;[m wbufekdifiHbuf
jcrf;rSm&Sdaew,f? wkdufyJGjzpf&if &efol[m 'Dukefukd t&,lrSmjzpfw,f? tJ 'Duaewkd@ukd OD;eSdrf ypf
xm;&ifwkd@ acgif;az:ekdifrsmr[kwfbl;/ 'ga=umifh 'Dae&mukdt&,lxm;&r,f?”
'DpDrHcsufawGtwkdif; igwkd@wyfzJG@u twGif;pnf;ckdifrma&;ukdvkyfr,f Akdvf&mZm eJ@Akdvft'l
vmwkd@tzJG@uawmha&S@wef;jyefxGufjyD; (emuza&mif/ Z'defeJ@avnm)bufrSmjyefvSKyf&Sm;jyD; vlxk
pnf;&Hk;a&;eJ@ &efol@vSKyf&Sm;rSKawGukdapmifh=unfh/ ykdif&ifwkduf&ef vrf;nGefcsufrsm; csrSwfjyD; tpnf;
ta0; &kyfodrf;vkdufonf?
tykdif;(c)?

pDrHcsuftqifh (1) jzpfonfh (uD;'kd) ukef;ckdifrma&;ukd pwifvkyfukdif&ef wyfrSL;rsm;ukdac:,l

vkdufonf? (uD;'kd) ukef;xdyf&Sd jcHK eG,f/rsufaygif;rsm;/ opfyifrsm;ukd pkaygif;&Sif;&ef AkdvfwifhvGifeSifh
tzJG@/ 0g;ckwf&ef AkdvfaemifaemifeSifhtzJG@/ tdrfaqmufbkd@ tdrfwkdifckwf&ef Akdvfaomxl;tzJG@/ (uD;'kd)
ukef;ywfvnfuwkwfusif;xl;&ef AkdvfaumfvmeSihftzJG@wkd@ukd toD;oD; wm0efay;tyfvkdufonf?
(&) &uf wygwftwGif;tjyD;vkyfukdif=u&rnf?pDrHcsuftwkdif; &Jabmfrsm; wufnDvufnDvkyfukdif
Ae=uygjyD;?
(The enemy of my enemy is my friend) qkdonfhacgif;aqmif=uD; apmbOD;
=uD;. vrf;nGefcsuftwkdif;vkyfaqmif&efrdrdwkd@awmifbufykdif;&Sd('nw)AkdvfaoG;.tzJG@ukdpnf;&Hk;
&efjyifqifonf? vltiftm;/ vufeuftiftm;wkd@ukdavhvmonf/ wygwftwGif; AkdvfaoG;wkd@t
ajctaepHkukd&&Sdonf? AkdvfaoG;onf (tef;axmif;)(wbufekdifiHwGif;&Sd &Gm)wGif xkdif;trsKd ;orD;eSifh
tdrfaxmifusaeonf?
(10)
rSwfcsuf?
AkdvfaoG;onf a'gufwmref;jrifhqkdif.nDukd0rf;uJGawmfonf? wyf&if;(10)rS rouFmojzifh
brf;qD;ppfaq;jcif;cH&pOftnSif;cHxm;&ojzifh (KNU)udkpdwfemaeoljzpfa=umif;od&onf?
vltiftm;(30)cef@&SdjyD;vufeuf av;ig;ajcmufvufcef@om&Sdonf[kod&Sd&onf? AkdvfaoG;
eSifhawG@&eftwGuf Armpum;wwfaom xkdif;&Gmom; (OD;aeat;) ukdac:,lI “usaemf AkdvfaoG;eJ@
awG@csifw,f/ ol@eJ@awG@ekdifatmifpDpOfay;yg” &efajymvkdufonf? oHk;av;&uftwGif;AkdvfaoG;eSifh
(tef;axmif;) &GmwGifawG@onf? jrpf0useG f;ay:om;csif;vnf;jzpf/ rdrdta=umif;ukd od&Sdxm;jyD;
OuUX=uD;ref;bZef.*k%ft&Sdefa=umifhvnf;jzpfekdifonf bmjyoemrsSr&SdbJawG@qHkyJGacsmarmatmif
jrifygonf? pnf;&Hk;a&; yXrtqifhatmifjrifoGm;jyD;jzpfonf? qufvufpnf;&Hk;&tHk;rnf?
aemufwygwf &duQmudpP (csKH azgif;)wGif wyfaxmufAkdvfoef;0if; eSifh0,f&eftoGm; AkdvfaoG;
ukd0ifawG@onf?tdyf&mwGifrl;aeonf/aomufxm;onfrSmwygwfcef@&Sdaea=umif;od&Sd&onf?aemuf
rsm;r=umrSD AkdvfaoG;ukdoGm;awG@onf?4if;pcef;okd@oGm;vnf&efbdwfac:ojzifhoGm;vnfonf? pcef;
ukd0ifonfeSifh aq;ajcmufteH@rsm;eSifhqD;=udKonf? aq;ajcmuf&SLxm;vkd@xifonf/ rsufap@eSpfuGif;
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rdrdwkd@(uD;'kd)ukef;awmifxdyfygwfvnfY (10)vSHuGm wJtdrfrsm;aqmufjyD;aeygjyD;? tvHwkdif
pkdufxl&efae&m/ wef;pDvlppf&efuGif;ae&mjyif&ef&Sdaeonf? ajrrnDojzifhajrnSd&ef&Sdonf? aemufw
ygwftjyD;ajrnSd&efpDrH&jyefonf? AkdvfaumfvmeSifhtzJG@ qufoG,fa&;ajrmif;wl;&m0,f jyD;oavmuf
&SdaeygjyD;? rdrdwyfzJG@&SdwyfrSL;rsm;ajryHkbwfenf;(Compass)=unfhenf;/vufeuf=uD;ypfenf;ponfh
ppfynmrsm;ukdwwfajrmufxm;=ujyD;jzpfonf?
rdrdwkd@Y&SdaomppfajryHkrSmtar&duefwyfoHk;ppfajryHkom&SdjyD;t*FvdyfppfwyfoHk; wvufrwrkdif
ajryHkr&Sdyg? okd@aomfjyoemr&Sd tm;vHk;=unfhwwf=uonf? ajryHkukdcif;jyD;wyfrSL;rsm;ukdac:I tu,f
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(11)
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jynfeSifhxyfwlxyfrSswefbkd;&Sd=uonf? xkd@a=umifh tjyeftvSefav;pm;wefbkd;xm;&rnf?
a=u;pm;wyf rsm;usifhoHk;rSKeSifh ajzmifhajzmifhqef@usifonf?
-jynfaxmifpkti,fav;vkd oabmxm;&rnf? wyfwGif;&Sd&Jabmfrsm;wGifvlrsKd ;pHkonf? rGef/
&ckdif/ Arm/ yosLS ;/ u&if (paumu&if rsm;twGif; bdwf-xm;0,f u&if/ awmifilu&if/
jrpf0useG f;ay: paumu&if) [lI4if;/ ykd;u&ifrsm;twGif; taemufykd;u&if/ ta&S@ykd;u&if/
[lI4if;uJGjym;vsuf&Sdonf? u&ifjynfbGm;rGpPvif/ &efukef/armfvjrdKif/zg;tH rGpPvifponfh
vlrsm;pkaygif;pHkeSifh &Sdaeonf? ynmwwfausmif;om;rsm;/ v,form;/ ysu H s tvkyform;/
qkduf um;orm;ponfh vlwef;pm;aygif;pHkonf/b0pHk&Sdaeonf?bmompHkonf/ c&pf,mef/
bmom0ifrsm;twGif; eSpfjcif;/ paetoif;/ &kdrefuufovpf/ rufo'pfbmom0if tpHk&Sd
onf/ Ak'<bmom/ tpPvrf &Sdonf? aq;rSL;(Uncle Gyi) onf b,fbmomukrd S rudk;
uG,f/(trSefw&m;onf ol@bk&m; jzpfonf[k cH,lxm;oljzpfonf?? vlpHkonf?
bmompHk/ vlrsKd ;pHk/b0pHkaom wyfzJG@wckwGif wef;wlrSK/ 'Drkdua&pDusifoHk;rSL/ tjyeft
(12)
vSef av;pm;rSK eSifh jynfaxmifpk ti,fpm;av;vkd oabmxm;ekdifrS wyfwGif; pnf;vHk;nDnwfrSK&&Sd
rnfjzpfonf?

rSwfcsuf?

bdwf-xm;0,f c&kdif&Sd wyf&if;(10)onf wyfr[m(4)tjzpf A[krd S owfrSwfvkdufojzifh rdrdwkd@ppf

a=umif; (3)onf wyf&if; (12)jzpfvmcJhonf?

vlrsKd ;wrsLd ;xJ&SdaomwyfrsKd ;Y “jynfaxmifpkti,fpm;vkd oabmxm;&efvkdrnfr[kwfyg”?

wyfwGif;Y txufyg rl(4)csufcsrSwftkyfcsKyfojzifh jyoem=uD;=uD;rm;rm;&ifrqkdif&ay?wuf

nDvufnDay;tyfaomwm0efukd ausjyGefpGmxrf;aqmif=uonf? tajccHpcef; ckdifckdifrmrmwnf
aqmufrjyD;rSD &efolxkd;ppfrqif&efvkdonf? AkdvfaoG;tzJG@/ rGeftzJG@ eSifhyifv,f'g;jytzJG@rsm;ukdr[m
rdwf okd@r[kwf(=um;xm;)ekdifatmif=udK;pm;&rnf?AkdvfaoG;tzJG@ rdrdwkd@ukdrqef@usifay? 4if;ukd rdrd
wkd@tzJG@eSifh yl;aygif;vm&efusKd ;pm;&rnf?wae@AkdvfaoG;. tm;omcsuf/tm;enf;csufukd awG@&Sdvm
onf? 4if;taeeSifh 4if;wyfzJG@tm; rdrdxHtyfvkdonf? axmufyHha&; jyoem&Sdaeonf? xkda=umifh
4if;&ifqkdifae&aomwyfaxmufyhHa&;jyoemukd nDtpfukdobG,fajz&Sif;vkda=umif; ajymaomtcg
oabmwlavonf? ('nw) rS4if;wkd@.axmufyHha&; jyoemukdajz&Sif;ekdifjcif;r&Sdawmhyg pm;a=uG;/
aomufa=uG; bwfaiG ig;aomif;&Sdaea=umif;od&onf?

rSwfcsuf?
“The supreme act of war is to subdue the enemy without fighting” “ppf.
tjrifhqHk;vkyfaqmifrSKonf &efolukdrwkduf&bJatmifekdifjcif;”jzpfonf-[k w&kyfppfyg&*l qGefZl; rSoGef
oifxm;onf?

qGefZl;. ('\e)ukd (Apply) vkyf&ef/ taumiftxnf az:&ef wyfrSL; AkdvfrSL;=uD;

pkd;pkd;xHowif;ykd@jyD;AkdvfaoG;tm; wyfrSL;xHac:oGm;onf? bwfaiGig;aomif;xkwfay;vkdufonf? Akdvf
aoG;wzJG@vHk; rdrdwkd@wyfzJG@eSifh yl;aygif;vkdufonf? rdrdwkd@.awmifbufykdif; (etz)wyfrSvJGI &efolr&Sd
awmhyg? AdkvfaoG;eSihf awmifykdif;( 'nw)jyoemajyvnfoGm;ygjyD;?

(13)
rSwfcsuf?

acgif;aqmif=uD;apmbOD;=uD;. (The enemy of my enemy is my friend) ( igh&ef

ol. &efolonf ighrdwfaqGjzpfonf) eSifh (w&kufppfyg&*l qGefZl;. (The supreme act of
war is to subdue the enemy without fighting) (ppf. tjrifhqHk; vkyfaqmifrSK
onf &efolukdrwkduf&bJ atmifekdifjcif;)jzpfonfqkdonfh vrf;nGefrSKukd rSefuefpGmtoHk;csvkdufo
jzifh AkdvfaoG;tzJG@eSifh aygif;pnf;rSK&&Sdvkdufjcif;jzpfonf? tu,fI AkdvfaoG;tzJG@eSifh wkdufyJGjzpfyGm;
&ygu bwfaiG (ig;aomif;)xufru ukefusrnfjzpfjyD; toufrsm;qHk;&SHK,Hkru t&if;teSD;eSifhwef
bkd;rsm;rsm;ay;qyf&rnfjzpfonf?
ajrmufykdif;&Sd rGeftzJG@eSifhawG@ekdif&efpDpOf&jyefonf? (A*Hrk mef)tzJG@onf(w&kyfjzL)xHrS tult
nD &a=umif;/ wyfrSL;wcsKd @ (wkdif0rf) wGifppfoifwef; oGm;wufa=umif;/ vufeufeSifh ppfonftif
tm;aumif;a=umif;owif;&onf?
rGeftzJG@eSifhawG@&ef 4if;wkd@eSifheD;pyfaom/ 4if;wkd@xH0if/xGufekdifolukd&Smonf? awG@onf? rGeft
zJG@eSifh&if;eSD;olrSm AkdvfaoG;jzpfaeonf? rGeftzJG@eSifhawG@&efAkdvfaoG;tm;pDpOfckdif&m- 4if;wkd@rS rdrdtm;
“awG@csif&if wa,mufxJvmcJh”&efta=umif;=um;ojzifh rdrdwa,mufxnf;oGm;&efqHk;jzwfvkduf
onf?
c&D;rxGufrSD rdrd&Jabmfrsm;eSifhawG@jyD;rGeftzJG@eSifhoGm;awG@a&;ukdaqG;aeG;&moabmwlol&Sdovkd
uef@uGufolvnf;&Sdonf? “ bma=umifhwa,mufxJvmckdif;&wmvJAs/taz:wa,mufawmif ac:
oGm;cGifhr&&iftouf teW&m,f r&Sdekdifbl;vm;” “&ygw,fuGm;/ AkdvfaoG;vnf; vkdufrSmjzpfw,f/
rGeftzJG@[m igwkd@twGufta&;=uD;w,f?r[mrdwfrzJG@ekdif&ifa&&Snf&yfwnfbkd@cufr,f/ &efolukdat;
at;aq;aq;wkdufekdifrSmr[kwfbl;/ rGef eJ@u&if[morkdif;pOfwavsmufbHk &efolqef@usifa&;rSmb0
wlawGjzpfw,f? u&ifhvufeufukdifawmfvSefa&; tprSm (KNDO) eJ@(MNDO)&Sdw,f? &efol
ukdtwlwkdufcJh=uw,f? rGefacgif;aqmif=uD;awG eJ@ u&ifacgif;aqmif=uD;awG=um;(opPm) jyKcsuf (4)
csuf&SdcJhw,f?

rSwfcsuf?
(KNDO)-(Karen National Defense Organization)
(MNDO)-(Mon National Defense Organization)

AkdvfaumfvmrS “usaemfuawmh oGm;bkd@oabm rwlbl;As/ bk&m;oHk;ql wkdufyJGrSmrGefawG

(14)
vufcsufeJ@ usaemfwkd@ wyf=uyf=uD;apmuJ usoGm;w,fAs” “ppfwkdufwmbJuGm/ xdckduf/aoa=u
=uwmawmh &SdrSmayg/h ppfrjzpfatmift&ifvkyf&r,f/ enf;vrf;&Sm&r,f? rGeftzJG@eJ@ awG@jyD;rS tjzL
trJcJGvkd@&r,f? olwkd@owfvkd@aooGm;&if ighwm0efa=uwmayghuGm;/ The enemy of my
enemy is my friendvkd@ acgif;aqmif=uD;apmbOD;=uD;vrf;nGefcJhw,fr[kwfvm;?”rdrd eSifh
AkdvfaoG; um;iSm;jyD; rGeftzJG@eSifh oGm;awG@onf? 4if;wkd@ (*dwf) t0if0wGif vlacgif;cGH eSpf vHk;csw
d f
xm;onf?
“w,f[kwfygvm;/tjyefajc&m&Sdygrh vm;” “vlqkdwmeSpfcgraobl;/” “Death rather
than to be a coward”“ol&Jabma=umifw,fvkd@ txifcH&rSmxuf aowmujrwfw,f”
[k rdrdukd,fukdwa,mufwnf;ajymjyD;/ rdrdwkd@vmrnfukd (*dwf)wm0efusrsm;odxm;jyD;jzpfI0ifcGifh
&ojzifh awmifwufvrf;twkdif;wufvmonf?oGyfrkd;rsm;eSifhrkd;xm;aom opftaqmuftOD;rsm;/
uwkwfrsm;/jcHpnf;&kd;rsm; anSmifhrsm;/qufoG,fa&;ajrmif;rsm;eSifh ckdifrmaompcef;wckjzpfonf?
&Hk;eSifhwlaomtaqmuftOD;xJokd@0ifvkdufonfeSifh usm;0wfpHk0wfxm;jyD; =u,foHk;yGifhwwf
xm;aomusm;ppfOD;xkwf aqmif;xm;aom/ 00 zkdifhzkdifh vlwOD;ukdawG@onf? rdrdwkd@tm;vmeKwf
qufonf? (A*kHrmef) jzpfa=umif;/ OuUXqkdol eSifhyg rdwfqufay;onf? (&efpD[efom)[krdwfquf
onf? OuUXqkdolrS rdrdtm;-
“cifAsm;usaemhukdrSwfrdvm;/ usaemfwkd@(aomfvJxm) pcef;rSm (wnvtoHvGifh)XmezGifh
awmhrGefbmom tpDtpOfukdwm0ef,la=umif;/ jzpfa=umif; ukefpOfukd ajymjyawmhrS rdwfa[mif;
aqGa[mif;rsm;jzpfaeawmhonf?

rSwfcsuf?

19&1 ckeSpf/wnv (wkdif;&if;om;nDnGwfa&;eSifhvGwfajrmufa&;wyfaygif;pk) toHvGifhXmeukd(aom

vJxm)awmwGif;wae&mYwnfaqmufxm;onf?xkdpOfu OD;wifarmif0if;/ol@ZeD;a':abbDESifhorD;
vSJ@vSJ@0if; OD;oka0/ jr0wDOD;&Jacgif/ OD;axG;jrifh/ OD;&Jausmfol/ ponfh acgif;aqmifrsm;yg0ifjyD;/rGefacgif;
aqmif (&efpD[efom) ukdyg awG@&SdcJhjcif;jzpfonf? toHvGifhtpDtpOftzGifhoDcsif;wkdufpOf rdrd (r,f'
vif) wD;onf? xkdpOfu rdrdzcif ref;bZefonf (wnv)wyfaygif;pkOuUXjzpfonf?

tm;vHk;acsmarG@tqifajyoGm;jyD;jzpfonf? rdrdrS “ &wemyHk &efol@pcef;wkdufvkdu usaemfwkd@ukd

ta=umif;=um;&ef/ twlwkdufvkda=umif;” ajymxm;onf? rGeftzJG@pcef;em;wGif &Sdaom &efol@pcef;jzpf

(15)
onf? ae@vnfpmpm;jyD; 4if;wkd@. vufeufokdavSmif&Hktm; (A*Hkrmef) ukd,fwkdifvkdufjyonf?(M 16,
AK, AK pufvwf/ RPG/ 2/ 5/ &/ 82 aemufyGifh&kdifz,f/ 60rr/ 82 rr pdefajymif; ponfh vuf
eufrsKd ;pHk (&00)ausmf&Sdrnfjzpfonf? aemufxyf vufeufokdavmif&Hk oHk;ck&Sdao;a=umif; ajymjyonf?
rGefnDtpfukdrsm;eSifh r[mrdwfjzpfvmcJhygjyD;/ pDrHcsufjyD;ajrmufcJhjyD;jzpfonf? taemufbuf&Sd &ef
ol cv& (224)ukdom pdwfat;at;xm;jyD;wkdufbkd@om&Sdawmhonf?

----------

rdrdwkd@ awmifbufeSifh ajrmufbuf&SdnDtpfukdrsm;eSifhem;v,frSK&&SdjyD;jzpfojzifh (,Gm;a[vl) p

cef;ukd ckdifrmpGmwnfaqmuf&efpDrH&jyefonf? wyf=uyf=uD;wifxGef; (usqHk;)OD;pD; wyfpdwfwpdwf e,f
e,fajr=uGrf;=uif&efeSifh uif;&Snfxkd;&ef/ (emuza&mif)okd@apvGwfvkdufonf? cHppfpcef;ckdifrmap&ef jyif
qif&mwGif(uD;'kd)ukef;ukfrdrd=unfhcJhbl;aom (AD,uferfppfyJG) tar&duef&kyf&Sif (Humberger Hill)
um;twkdif;pDrHonf?
(uD;'kd)ukef;onf pDrHcsuftwkdif; jyD;vkaeygjyD;? qufoG,fa&;ajrmif;/ uwkwfusif;/ awmifpG,f
oHk;pG,fxdyf&Sd uwkwf=uD;eSpfvHk;pD/ jcHpnf;&kd;oHk;xyf tm;vHk; jyD;aeygjyD;? AkdvfausmfvSeSifh rkdif;AHk;tzJG@ jcH
pnf;&kd;=um; 0g;anSmifhpkdufae=uonf/ AHk;tzJG@ av;a,muf w&uf/wa,muf (15)vHk;eSHK; AHk;axmifae
=uonf? AHk;tzJG@twGif;rS (wyf&if;pHjyqkwHqdyf) &&Sd&eftvm;tvm &Sdaom&Jabmf eef;atmif ukd,fh
rkdif;ukdxdjyD; vufeSpfzufpvHk;jywfoGm;onf? rdrdwkd@wyf&if;twGuf=uD;rm;wJhqHk;&SHK;rSK=uD;jzpfonf?

rSwfcsuf?
-cHppfaoppfa&;ukdqef@usif/ cHppf&Sifppfa&;ukd usifhoHk;&ef 1963 ckeSpf/ (zvkd;cD;)A[kdekdifiHa&;-ppfa&;oif
wef;Y oifwef;rSL;wOD;jzpfaomAkdvfcsKyfwifOD;(zl;wmt,f)xkdpOfu (KPLA) (Karen People
Liberation Army) 'kwd,ppfOD;pD;csKyf/ ykd@cscJhaomppfa&;0dZ…mbmom&yfukd rSwf,lcJhjyD;jzpfonf?
rdrdpDrHcsufrSm (,Gm;a[vl) pcef;tm; wvwdwd&efol@xkd;ppfcHekdif&ef&nf&G,fonf? xkd;ppf um
vtwGif; &efolukd rdrdtwGif;pnf;0kdif;twGif;jrLqG,fjyD; aemufykdif;rS ydwfqkd;&efjzpfonf? e,fajrt
aetxm;t&/ oGm;vm&efrvG,f/ xkd@a=umifh &efolukdwkdufckduf&ef pnf;0kdif; (3) 0kdif; pDrHxm;jcif;jzpf
onf? tv,fpnf;0kdif;Y &efolukd ajymufusm;ypfjyD; tjyifpnf;0kdif;onf/ &efol@axmufykd@ ukdwkduf
ckduf&efjzpfonf?
tv,fpnf;0kdif;eSifh tjyifpnf;0kdif;&Sd&efolukdwkdufckduf&ef usnfeSifh &duQmjyifqif&rnfjzpfonf?
&duQmwm&SnfcHekdif&eftwGuf rdrdwkd@pOf;pm;=u&m-ajr=uD;atmufYjrKwfxm;&efjzpfonf? wm&SnfcH
(16)
Ekdif&eftwGuf 'DZ,fwkdifuDyHk;rsm;ukd0,fonf? qDeef@aysmuf&eftwGuf yHk;xJokd@ qyfysmrSHK@xnfh/ a&
xnfhjyD; rD;wkdufonf? aemufa&aq;jyD;tacsmufcHvkdufaomtcg qDeef@r&awmhay?wkdifuDyHk;wvHk;
qH eSpftdwfcJGqef@onf?
cv& (224)XmecsKyf(bkwfysif;)eSifh teD;qHk;em&D0ufc&D;YwdkdifuDyHk;eSifh qHrsm;xrf;jyD; ajrjrKyfzGuf
xm;vkdufonf? (AK)eSifh (M 16) usnfrsm;ukdyg0Sufxm;vkdufonf? tv,fpnf;0kdif;Y ajymuf
usm; (5)a,mufwzJG@(5)zJG@ae&mcsxm;onf? wkdufyJGumv4if;wkd@ pm;&ef wkdifuDyHk;wyHk;pDjrKyfxm;&ef
pDpOfxm;jyD;jzpfonf?

rSwfcsuf?

cHppf[maowGif;jzpfw,fqkdwmodw,f? bma=umifh (,Gm;a[vl)pcef;rSm wvwdwd &efolukdqJG

wkduf&ovJqkdawmh- (aumfrl;&m-0rf;cg)pcef;wkdufyJGpOfwavsmS ufvHk; &efol@xkd;ppfrSeforsu S kd ckcH
ekdifcJhvkd@ u&ifhwyfrawmf&Jh *l%foduQmjrifhrm;cJhw,f?(rJaqmuf)jrdK@rSm=udKufovkd0ifxGufekdifw,f?
xkdif;awG u&ifhawmfvSefa&;ukd av;pm;w,f?
rdrdwkd@ (rkd;awmif)a&mufawmh tckdiftrmpcef;aqmufbkd@t=uHjyK=unfhw,f/“cHppf&Sif ajymuf
usm;bJ tckdiftrmpcef; rvkdbl;” vkd@ wm0ef&SdolrS jyefajymygw,f?
wu,fhwu,f (rkd;awmif) ukd &efolxkd;awmh w&ufrcHbl; qkwfcJh&w,f? jyifqifrSKr&Sdawmh
oduQmrJhpGmeJ@qkwfvkduf&w,f? (xkdif;)awGubmajymovJqkdawm@-“cspfzkdifuv,H”wJh? u&if
awGtqJcH&w,f?
xkdokd@tqJrcH&a&;twGuf jyifqifaejcif;jzpfonf? wvwkdifcHwkdufjyD; b,fvkdqkwfrvJ/
b,fukdqkwfrvJqkdonfukd pOf;pm;onf? qkwfrJhae&muawmh (CkdoJvl)qkdonfhae&mjzpfonf?
xkdae&mukd jyifqif&ef (Akdvft,fcav;)wyfcJGukd wm0efay;vkdufonf?(CkdoJvl)ukdqkwf&ifxkdif;
&GmukdjzwfjyD; qkwf&rnfjzpfI xkdif;jynfolrsm;. axmufcHrSK&&Sdatmifvkyf&efvkdtyfygonf? xkd@
a=umifh vpOfwyfwGif;pnf;a0;yJGwckwGif-
-&efol@xkd;ppfwvcHekdif&eftwGuf (uD;'kd)ukef; cHppf'kwd,tqifhukdjyifqifrnf?
-yGdKifh (491)ukef;wGif cHppfae&mjyifrnf?
-xkdif;&Gmom;rsm;ukdpnf;&Hk;&rnf?
-120rr pdefajymif;(Delay) cHekdifrnfh OrifvdSKifacgif;wl;&efpDrHcsufrsm;csrSwfvkdufonf?
xkdpDrHcsufrsm;twkdif;vkyfaqmif&efwm0efrsm;cJGa0vkdufonf?
-Akdvf=uD;wifhvGiftm; xkdif;opfvkyfief;rS(Bull Dozer) ukdac:I (uD;'kd)ukef;.
(1&)
jcHpnf;&kd;(3)xyfatmufbuf(10)aytjrifh&Sdatmifajrom;rsm;tm;aumfxkwfckdif;&rnf?&efol
tvG,fwul(usm;)rxkd;ekdif&efjzpfonf? 'kwd,tqifhjzpfonf?xkdtqifhY (uD;'kd)ukef;xdyfokd@
wufekdifonfhawmifa=umoHk;a=umvHk;.xdyfYuwkwfeSpfvHk;pDaqmuf&efwm0efay;vkdufonf?
-ydGKifh(491) ukef;wGifcHppfae&mjyif&ef Akdvfxl;xl;wyfpkukd wm0efay;onf? uwkwf
rsm;/qufoG,fa&;ajrmif;/ jcHpnf;&kd;/ (uD;'kd)ukef;uJhokd@ (10) aytjrifh&Sdatmifajrom;rsm;aumf
xkwf&efjzpfonf?
-120rr pdefajymif; (Delay)cHekdifrnfhOrifvdSKifacgif;wl;&efAkdvfaumfvmwyfpkukd
wm0efay;onf?rdrdwkd@Y&Sdaom 81rr pdefajrmif;ae&mrSpwifI (uD;'kd)ukefukdywfjyD;pwifwl;&
rnf? wzJG@onfb,fbufrSpwl;jyD; usefwzJG@onfnmbufrSpwl;&rnf? Orif.tay:ajrom;
jydKrusa&;twGuf a'gifhaxmuf&ef opfwkdifeSifhopfvHk;ckwf&ef AkdvfxGef;jrifhwyfpkukd wm0efay;
vkdufonf?
rSwfcsuf?
rdrdbwfbl;aom (The Tunnel of Cuchi) pmtkyfwGif AD,uferftrsKd ;om;vGwfajrmuf
a&;wyfOD; ajymufusm;wyfzJG@rsm;wkdufenf;ukd,lI rdrfd&Jabmfrsm;txdtckdufenf;ap&efeSifhwv
cHrnfh cHppfpDrHcsuf jzpfonf?
------
-xkdif;&Gmom;rsm;ukdpnf;&Hk;&efrdrdeSifhwyf&if;&Hk;tzJG@wm0ef,lonf? pDrHcsufumv(3)
vjzpfonf? pDrHcsufrsm;twkdif; &Jabmfrsm;wufnDvufnDvkyfukdifvsu S f&Sdonf?rdrdeSifh wyf&if;&Hk;
tzJG@pwifvSKyf&Sm;awmhonf?rdrdwkd@wyf&if;&Hk;atmufxkdif;ekdifiH bufjcrf; awmifajcwGifxkdif;bkef;
=uD;ausmif;&Sdonf?bkef;=uD;wyg;eSifh uyD,wOD;omawG@onf/ zufrkd;/0g;x&Hum/jyifcif;onfhbkef;
=uD;ausmif;av;jzpfonf? jcHKrsm;tjynfhjzpfaeonf/ oHk;a&wGif;wwGif;&Sdonf? jcHKrsm;tkyfaeonfh
jyif cwfwdrfwdrfwl;xm;onf?

rSwfcsuf?

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rsm;.axmufcHrSKukd t&ifvkyf&rnf?
 (1*)

tykdif; (8)?

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c%f;pmrsm;ukd vufawG@toHk;cs &awmhrnfjzpfonf? txufygvlxkvrf;pOfukd taumif t
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xGufvmonf?vlxkpnf;&Hk;a&;vkyfief;tqifh(1)jzpfonf? tqifh(2)tjzpf-bmvkyf&rnfukdpOf;
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trsKd ;orD;wOD;xrif;pm;&efvmac:onf? awmif,mykdif&Sifjzpfonf? aumifnif;eSifh ig;ydaxmif;
jzpfonf? vlxkapwem&SdIxifonf/ ewfok'<gwrst S &om&SdvSonf? awmif,mwckvHk; jyD;oGm;
ojzifh pcef;okd@jyef&efjzpfonf? rjyefrSD aus;&Gmvl=uD;tm; rusrRmolrsm;&Sdygu rdrdwyfaq;&HkwGif
vma&mufukoekdifa=umif;ta=umif;=um;cJhonf?tenf;i,frsS vlxktusdK;jyKvkyfief;vkyfcJh&Hkjzifh
vlxk.cspf=unfav;pm;rSKeSifh vlxk.at;rSsaomarwWmukd &&SdcJhonf?

rSwfcsuf?
-obm0tumtuG,fxuf vlxktumtuG,fu ykdvHkjcHKw,fqkdwJh awmfvSefppf ('\e)
wckukd awG@&SdcJhonf?

(19)
 rdrdwyf&if;wyfaxmufAkdvfoef;0if;(cseG fzHk;)jrdK@Y aps;0,foGm;wkdif;aq;&HkoGm;vkdaom
xkdif;&Gmom;rsm;ukdac:oGm;avh&Sdonf? xkdif;tajccHvlwef;pm;rsm;jzpfonf? vmtkde,fpyfrS jyef
vnfae&mcsxm;jcif;cH&aom (avm&Srf;)rsm;jzpfonf? vlxk.tcuftcJukd ulnDajz&Sif; ay;yg
qkd onfh vlxkvrf;pOfukdusifhoHk;jcif;jzpfonf?
wyf&if;oifwef;Xmewm0efcH AkdvfaemifaemifrS tajccHppfoifwef; tygwfpOf (1)pzGifhonf/
oifwef;om;(40)cef@&Sdonf/ rdrdwyfrSL;rS &Jabmfrsm;ykd@vmonf? AHk;Xmewm0efcHAkdvfausmfvSrS AHk;
oifwef;ay;ouJhokd@ pmrwwfolyaysmufa&;pDrHcsuftwkdif;rlvwef;ausmif;zGifhonf?&Jabmfrsm;
. om; orD;rsm;/(rdrdorD;eSpfOD;)/ wyf=uyfatmifoef; (AkdvfaoG;)tzJG@rSygvmol.om;eSpfOD;/ &J
abmfav;rsm;jzpfonfh (rkd[mruf [m&Gef)(yosSl;)/ odef;0if;av; (bdwfom;) (,Gm;a[vl wkduf
yJGY usqHk;)eSifh tjcm;&Jabmfwkd@jzifhausmif;zGifhxm;onf?

rSwfcsuf?

(rkd[mruf tDpGyf) rdrdwyfr[m (&)/ wyf&if;(23)/ ppfa=umif;rSL;wm0ef,lpOfrSpI wyf&if;(19)/

wyfcJG (4) rSL;/ wyf&if; (19) &Hk;xkdifrSL;/ aumfol;av rGpPvifvGwfajrmufa&; wyfzJG@ wyfrSL;/ ,ck
wyf&if;(12) 'kwd,wyf&if;rSL;wkdif wpkdufrSwfrSwfygvmoljzpfonf)
A[kXd mecsKyfY zGifhaom w&m;a&;oifwef;okd@ wyf=uyfapmaumf'kd/ t&mcHAkdvfapmol;ol;wkd@
eSpfOD;/ tygwfpOf(3) Akdvfoifwef;okd@/ t&mcHAkdvfaomxl; (,Gm;a[vlwkdufyJGY usqHk;)/ wyf=uyf
ref;jidrf;jidrf;/ wyf=uyfref;vSxGef;OD; (4if;wkd@eSpfOD;vHk; wwd,ekdifiHokd@a&muf&Sd) wkd@ (3) OD;tm;ap
vGwfvkdufonf?
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tcGifhta&; (Universal Declaration of Human Rights)bmom&yf/ pnf;&Hk;a&;
bmom&yfrsm;ukd ykd@csaeonf? (ppfwkduf&if;avhvm-avhvm&if;ppfwkduf)onfhrlukd usifhoHk;ae
jcif;jzpfonf?
ausmif;om;wyfrawmfrS Akdvfxdefvif;eSihfwyfzJG@ (uD;'kd) twuf/ awmifpG,fxdyfwckY wJ
aqmuf/ uwkwfusif;wl;ae=uonf? &efolukdwkdufbkd@jyifae=uonf?xkdumvrsm;twGif;wyf
r[mXmecsKyfwGif (DAB)ppfa=umif;zGifh&efjzpfojzifhAkdvf&mZm&ckdiftzJG@/Akdvftyf'lvmrGpPvif
tzJG@ESifh Akdvfxdefvif;/ausmif;om;tzJG@rsm;ukdjyefrSmojzifh jyefykd@&efpDpOf&onf?
Akdvfxdefvif;. ausmif;om;wyfrawmfwyfzJG@jyefvnf rxGufcGmrSD 4if;wkd@tm; vrf;c&D;w
avsmufpm;&ef &duQm/ aq;0g;/ aiG (500)usyfeSifh (0rf;cg) wkdufyJGY rdrdwkd@odrf;ykduf &&SdcJhaom
(20)
vufeuftygt0if/ wyfr[m(6) (KE)zl;a&mbifxHrS rdrdwkd@ vkyftm;jzifh &cJhaom (RPG)
wvufaygif; (14)vuf 'Drkdua&pDvufaqmiftjzpfay;vkdufonf? c&D;rxGufrSD rdrdtm; &Spfckd;
8g&0jyK=uonf? rdrdrS ab;uif;apa=umif;/ cvkyfuoif; uif;apa=umif;/ usrRm=uapa=umif;/
wkdufyJGw&matmifyJGw&m &apa=umif;qkawmif;ay;vkdufonf?
4if;wkd@xGufcGmoGm;aomf c&D;&Snfcsw D ufoGm;aomrdrdom;rsm;ukdvGrf;qGwfouJhokd@cHpm;rd
onf?
Akdvfxdefvif;.ausmif;om;tzJG@&Sd ukdrsKd ;0if;qkdolonfrdrdwkd@tzJG@wGifqufvufaevkdojzifh
4if;wkd@eSifhjyefrvkdufawmhbJ rdrdwkd@tzJG@eSifh aecJhonf?
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a&pDa&;ukdjrwfekdf;oljzpfonf?jynfol@tusKd ;aqmifoljzpfonf? jynfolvlxk.arwWmukd&&Sdoljzpf
jyD; vlxkaxmufcHrSK&&Sdoljzpfonf? (wwd,ekdifiHa&mufaeoljzpfjyD;wuUokdvfwckwGifynmqD;
bl;aeonf)? (4if;eSifhygwfoufI usaemfeSifhausmufnSyf aqmif;yg;wGifaz:jyygrnf)?
(,Gm;a[vl) pcef;Y rdrdwkd@wzJG@omusefawmhojzifhvHkjcHKa&;pDrHcsufukd ykdIvkyfaqmif&rnf
jzpfonf? tkyfcsKyfrSKvG,fulap&eftwGuf tv,fpnf;wGifwm0ef,l=uaom (5)a,mufwzJG@ukd
qufoG,fa&;pum;ajympuf Icom(2G) rsm;xkwfay;ouJhokd@wyf&if;/wyfcJG eSifhXmersm;okd@ pk
pkaygif;pum;ajympuftvHk;(30) ausmf0,f,lwwfqifay;xm;onf? urf;&kd;wrf;Y vkyf&Sm;ae
aomwyf=uyf=uD;wifxGef;wyfpdwftm;qufoG,fnGef=um;&eftwGuf(Control)puf=uD;wvHk;/
&efol@owif;=um;jzwfem;axmif&ef (Sony)puf=uD;wvHk;ukdyg 0,f,lxm;jyD;jzpfonf?
AkdvfaoG;tzJG@rdrdwkd@eSifhyl;aaygif;vkdufaomtcg wefbkd;=uD;rm;aom &JabmfnDtpfukdeSpfOD;ukd&
vkdufonf? (ukdrkd;)eSifh (ukdaeG)qkdolrsm;jzpfonf? rdrdwkd@wyf&if;.(em;)rsm;jzpfonf? pum;0Sufaz:
&mwGiftvGef=uGrf;usifvSonf? wae@4if;wkd@tvkyfwJokd@oGm;I vkdtyfcsufrsm;ukdpDpOfonf?wJokd@
0ifonfeSifh aq;ajcmufeH@rsm;jzifhqD;=udKonf?('nw) pcef;rSygvmaom tarGukdqufcHaejcif;jzpf
rnf? ekdifiHwumwyfrawmfrsm;Y t&ufaomufpm;jcif;ukdcGifhjyKxm;vifhupm;/ rdrdwkd@wyfrawmfY
rl;,pfaomufpm;jcif;ukdydwfyifxm;&m ydwfyifxm;onfhxJY t&ufyg0ifonf? t&ufraomuf&ef
aomufjyD; rrl;&ef/ jyoemr&Sm&ef/ jyoem t=uD; tao;tvkdufta&;,lrnfjzpfa=umif;nGef=um;
xm;onf? t&uffrSvJGI usefrl;,pfaq;0g;rsm;roHk;&ef wif;=uyfpGmpnf;urf;xkwfxm;jyD;jzpfonf?
a&SGzsif;=uD; a&SGzsif;av;nDaemifjzpfonfh (ukdrkd;eSifhukdaeG) wkd@tm; wyfrawmfOya' eSifh rnSpd Gef;
ap&efeSifh vGwfuif;ap &eftwGuf-

(21)
“'Dvkdvkyf&atmifAsm;/ aq;acsmuftpm; t&uftpm;xkd;&ifr&bl;vm;”? “wygwfukd(pug;eSH)
xkdif;csuft&uf eSpfvHk;ay;r,f/” “&ygw,f/'gayrJh(Feeling)urwlbl;As”wJh?
[kwfekdifygonf/ (Feeling) b,favmuf&Sdonfukd 4if;wkd@eSifhtwl &Sdaeaom (a=umifxD;) t
eufwaumifonfyif tjrJ (Feel) wufaeonf[k xif&onf?
wyf=uyf=uD;wifxGef;eSifh vSKyf&Sm;wyfpdwfonf/ u&if&Gm/ yosL;&Gm/ bdwf&Gmrsm;Y pnf;&Hk;a&;
qif;ae=uonf? vlxkeSifhvufyGef;wwD;&SdaejyD;jzpfonf?vlxkaxmufcHrSK&aeonf? e,fajrtajc
tae/ &efol@tajctaersm;owif;ykd@vsuf&Sdonf? wyf=uyf=uD;wifxGef;onf tom;jzLjzL/axmif
axmif armif;armif; eSifh &kyf&Sifrif;om;vkdvSyoljzpfonf? ysKd wkdif;=udKufonfheSif;qDckdifjzpfaeonf?
u&ifeSifh bdwfolrsm;onfc&pf,mefeSifh Ak'<bmom0ifrsm;jzpf=ujyD;yoslS;rsm;rSm tpPvrf bm
om0ifrsm;jzpfojzifh rdrd&Jabmfrsm;ukd owday;&rnfjzpfonf? “a[haumifawG/ rif;wkd@ 0ufeJ@ t
&ufa&Smifekdif&if/ wae@ (ermpf) ig;=udrfzwfekdif&if yosSL; trsKd ;orD;awGeJ@ tdrfaxmifusekid fw,f?
'grSr[kwf&if a0;a0;ua&Smif=ua[h” [k owday;vkdufonf?
wae@owif;aumif;wck0ifvmonf?“(a&iH=uD;) &efol@pcef;rS vufeuf(15)vuf odrf;ykduf
&&Sda=umif;”wkdufyJGysif;ysif;xefxefrwkduf&bJtvG,fwul wkdufekdifcJha=umif;owif;0ifvmonf?
cs;D usL;*k%fjyKa=umif;/ tajctae ay;vmygu wyf&if;XmecsKyfokd@ jyefwufcJh&ef/ *k%fjyKyJG usif;y
ay;rnfta=umif; owif;ay;vkdufonf?
wyf&if;XmecsKyf cHppfpDrHcsufjyD;oavmuf&SdaeygjyD;/ (uD;'kd)ukef;&Sduwkwftm;vHk;eSifhajr
atmufrSqufoG,foGm;vmekdifaom ajratmufOrSifvdSKifacgif;qufwl;&efom&Sdaeonf? wl;&mY
b,fbuftcsrf;ukd wl;onfhtzJG@onf &efukefom;rsm;tygt0if jrpf0useG f;ay:om;rsm; jzpf=ujyD;
nmbufcsrf;wl;olrsm;rSm (zg;tH)(jrajy) ta&S@ykd;u&if&Jabmfrsm;jzpfonf? tarmajyap&eft
wGuf (uufquf)eSpfvHk;pDpOfay;&onf?b,fbufjcrf;ukdwl;aeonfh tzJG@onf (pkdif;xD;qkdif) (ar
qGd) pwD&D,kd oDcsif;rsm;ukd eSpfcsdKufjyD; nmbufcsrf;ukdwl;onfhtzJG@ukd (odefvSaygif)eSifh (ausmfvS
odef)emrnf=uD; ykd;u&iftqkdawmfrsm;. oDcsif;rsm;ukdpDpOfay;&onf?
(wef;wla&;eSifhtjyeftvSef)av;pm;rSKonf wyfwGif;aoG;pnf;nDnGwfa&;. touf
aoG;a=umjzpfonf? (a&aomufjrpf)jzpfonf? rdrd0ifwl;onf/acwfrSDavoGif;/avxkwfpufr&Sd/ &Sd
wmeSifhwl;onf? (10) rdepfomaeekdifonf/ wkdufyJGumv '%f&m&&Jabmfrsm;uko &efajratmuf
aq;&Hkaqmuf&ef wl;=uonf?ajryGojzifhopfom;a'gifhraxmufrSDajrjydKusojzifh &JabmfoufaZmf
aygifusKd ;oGm;ojzifh qufvufrwl;awmhbJ &yfxm;vkdufonf?
a&avSmifuefaqmuf&ef t*Fawykduf=uD;rsm;0,fI a&avSmifuefvkyfonf? xif;rD;
aoG;rsm;zkwfckdif;onf? rD;zkdrsm;0,fxm;onf? rdrdwkd@awmif,mrS xGufaom ausmufz&HkoD;/a&SGz&Hk
(22)
oD;rsm;ukdokdavSmifxm;onf? (pm;wwfwJhtyiftukefpkduf/ pm;wwfwJhtaumif tukefarG;) &ef
(rl) csrSwfxm;onf?aq;Xmewm0efcH(Uncle Gyi)onf (Italian Goat)(acG;)rsm;arG;xm;
onf? ta&;ay:[if;tjzpf pm;&efjzpfonf?
yGdKifh (491)onf pDrHcsuftwkdif;jyD;vkaejyD;jzpfonf? tao;pdwfvkdtyfcsufrsm;ppfaq;&onf?
vufeufrsKd ;pHkusnf/ &dum/ aq;0g;rStp jynfhpHkaejyD;jzpfonf? &efolwufvmekdifaom awmifa=um
Y jcHpnf;&kd;rumbJ (5)vufroHrsm;pkdufxm;aomopfjym;rsm;ukd cif;xm;&ef eSifh AHk;ukdomcif;xm;
&ef wm0efusrS tusefjyKvmojzifh oabmwlvkdufonf? aumif;rGefaomt=uHjyKcsufjzpfonf?
&efolukd wvwdwdqJGwkdufr,f/ xkd;ppftajctaeukd=unfhjyD; tv,fpnf;tzJG@awGtjyifpnf;
xGufjyD; (bkwfjyif;)ukdwkdufr,f? (tdrfaemufyl-tdrfa&S@rcsrf;om) qkdovkd usifhoHk;r,f? &efolawG
tzJG@vkduf vufeufcsckdif;r,f?'DaumifawG a&jywf/tpm;jywf &if=um=umrcHygbl;/ (ol@udk wkdufbkd@
pOf;pm;csdefrSm rdrdukd,fukd umuG,fbkd@b,ftxd jyifqifjyD;jyD;vJqkdwmpOf;pm;&r,f? av;vygwf
tpnf;ta0;rSm aemufqHk;jyifqifrSK tqifhb,ftxdjyD;jyDvJqkdwmodekdifbkd@tpnf;ta0;ac:vkduf
onf?
tv,fpnf;ajymufusm;(5)zJG@wm0efcH Akdvfxl;xl;ukd- “usnf/ &duQm/ aq;0g;/ AHk;rsKd ;pHk
(M-14)(Claymore)/(RPG)( ykd@,rf;-Cap)aumif;raumif;/ ppfaq;jyD;jyD;vm;? pum;
ajympufoHk;"gwfcJ/ 0Sufpm utp)uGm; tm;vHk;tqifoifh&SdjyD;vm;”“tm;vHk;toifhbJ”aemuf
aq;tzJG@wm0efcH(Uncle Gyi)uk-d “q&m tm;vHk;toifhbJr[kwfvm;”“tm;vHk;toifhbJ”
vufeuf=uD;wm0efcH eSifh AHk;wm0efcH AkdvfuD;'kdeSifhAkdvfausmfvSwkd@eSpfOD;ukd-“b,fvkdvJ/tm;vHk;t
oifhbJr[kwfvm;?bmvkdvJ” “tm;vHk;toifhbJ”[k vufeuf=uD;wm0efcH AkdvfuD; 'kdrSajymaomf
vnf; AHk;wm0efcH AkdvfausmfvSrS- “wckvkdw,fAs/ wdkufyJGumv wvwdwdqkdawmh yifyef;r,f/
tdyfysufr,f/ aq;aumif; 0g;aumif;awG aqmifxm;bkd@vkdw,f”/ “&ygw,f (Uncle Gyi)
qDrSmaq;awGtjynfhbJ” “[g-r[kwfbl;As/ usaemfqkdvkdwm 'Daq;r[kwfbl;/ [kdaq;av”“-o
-o [kdaq;qkdwmvm;/ odjyD;/ ryleJ@pDpOfay;r,f” AkdvfaumfvmrS “us/ usaemfvJygw,faemf”-
txpftxpfeSifh0ifajymonf? “ryleJ@ rif;wyfpktwGufwifrubl;/ tm;vHk;twGufpDpOfbkd@wyf
&if;wyfaxmuf Akdvfoef;0if;ukd pDpOfckdif;r,f”

rSwfcsuf? [kad q;qkdwmtjcm;r[kwf (t&uf)ukdqkdvkdonf?

ppfom;qkdwmb,fwyfubJjzpfjzpfaoewfukdifjyD;wzuf&efolukdtekdifwkdufbkd@pkdif;ysif;ae=uwm
pdwfykwD;pdwfjyD; edAŠmefa&mufa=umif;w&m;usifholawGr[kwfbl;/ae@aorvm;/ n aorvm; b,fol
rSrod=ubl;/ &Sifaorif;ukd opPmeSHxm;olawGjzpfw,f/ (t&uf)avmufawmhcGifhjyKoifhwmayg?h
(23)
 wae@ owif;qkd;wyk'f0ifvmonf? yifv,fjyifrSpufavSeSifhjyef0ifvmaomwyf=uyf
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oGm;a=umif;”4if;tavmif;tm; u&if&GmYjrKyfonfukd yosL;&Gmom;rsm; vma&muf wl;az:jyD;
4if;wkd@&GmYjyefjrKyfeSHojzifh u&ifeSifh yosLS ;&Gmom;rsm;t=um; rajyvnfrSK&S=d ua=umif; od&onf?
(vlxkaxmufcHrSK tvGef&a=umif;/ pnf;&Hk;a&;aumif;a=umif;)od&onf?
rdrdwkd@wyf&if;axmufyHha&;twGufopfukr`%DeSpfck&Sdonf?(pv0if;)eSifh(ausmufbk&m;) jzpf
onf? 4if;opfukr`%D eSpfcktm; opfrsm;ckwfcGifhay;jyD;opftcGef,lonf? &efol@xkd;ppfwv cHppfpDrH
csuf (90) &mckdifeSHK;jyD;aejyD;jzpfonf? twGif;pnf;/ tv,fpnf; eSifh tjyifpnf;rStp jyifqif rSKjyD;
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