Application of Insulation Materials in Power transformer

Insulator is vital for power transformer in order to provide better performance when the
transformer operated. Insulator will be a barriers for the transformer with sensitive
components near the transformer and also prevent some interruption. Normally, the insulating
materials that has been used in transformer is transformer oil and insulating paper.
Transformer oil is suitable for high temperature and high voltage condition. The oil will help
the transformer to cool down the temperature. For large power transformer, it may have
external radiator to exchange the heat by convection and also can use cooling fan and oil-towater heat exchangers.
Transformer oil is made up with olefins, napthenes, paraffins and aromatics that must have
right proportion to be better insulator. So far based on investigation, there were still no
breakdown occur in liquid (oil). Oil must capable to withstand dielectric.
Besides that, insulation paper also has been used for transformer. Insulation paper has its own
advantage. The material is widely available in the market, durable and also cut the cost.
Normal paper usually has been bleached in the process of making the paper but this electrical
insulation paper was made using unbleached pulp. For low voltage usage, thickness and
density of the paper must be low as well to avoid over-thickness which are in range of 30 to
40 g/m2. For high voltage power, thickness and density of paper that normally used are
between 60 to 190 g/m2.