FFC v5.0 07 Boundary Conditions

Boundary and Initial
Conditions
Introduction to FLUENT
for CATIA V5
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.
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February 17, 2009

Inventory #002702
FLUENT for CATIA V5 Version 5.0

Introductory Training, December 2009
Fluent for Catia Support center

http://www.fluentusers.com/ffc
Agenda
Training Manual
Introduction
Boundary Condition Types: Inlet
Boundary Condition Types: Outlet
Boundary Condition Types: Wall
Boundary Condition Types: Periodic
Defining Species Mass Fractions
Defining Inputs for Cavitation and VOF
Special Boundary Conditions
Creating Boundary Groups

Defining and Changing Boundary Conditions
Patch Functionality
Boundary Profiles (Data Mapping)

Unsteady Boundary Profiles
Appendix
Spatial Data Mapping File Formats
Time Data Mapping File Formats

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Introduction
Training Manual
Assignment of boundary conditions (BCs) is a

crucial part of the model setup for any
numerical simulation.
BC Toolbars
A number of boundary conditions are

available via the boundary condition toolbar:
inlet, outlet, wall and special boundary
conditions.
It includes the following steps:
Define the boundary type for each mesh part
(inlet, outlet or wall, etc.)
Form boundary groups in which several
surfaces share the same BC in order to make it
more easily manageable
Specify appropriate boundary condition values
for each boundary type.
Faces of the geometry can be grouped

together for purposes of specifying boundary
conditions.
Boundary conditions can be modified after
definition.

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Boundary Condition Types: Inlet
Training Manual
The Inlet boundary condition requires the user to set

one of the following values:
Velocity: incompressible flows only

Mass flow rate: all flows
Volume flow rate: incompressible flows only
Pressure (total): can be used for all flows
In addition the user has to set the Inlet

Direction: normal to inlet or by a specified direction.
For Turbulent Flows, the source of flow is used to

determine turbulent inlet conditions:
Long tube, pipe or duct

Perforated plate: screen/hole size
Fan or blower: inlet flow is driven by fan or blower
External environment: ambient air or fluid
Other: turbulence intensity and turbulence length scale
directly specified by the user.
Temperature: is set for cases involving temperature

effect.
Species Mass Fractions is set for cases with
immiscible mixtures of gases or liquids.

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Boundary Condition Types: Outlet
Training Manual
The Outlet Boundary Condition requires

the user to set the flow conditions at the
outlet such as:
Static pressure (most commonly used)
Alternately, mass flow rate or Volumetric
flow rate or velocity can be specified.
Outlet direction (Normal or given
direction)
Downstream conditions for turbulent flow
Long tube, pipe or duct for internal
(pipe) flows.
External Environment
Temperature and species mass fraction

for species calculations, in case of
backflow back into the domain.

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Boundary Condition Types: Wall
Training Manual
Wall boundary condition:

No-slip boundary condition for velocity
(i.e., stationary or moving at a known
speed).
For moving (translating or rotating)
walls, enable the moving wall option in
the wall BC panel and specify the wall
motion.
When temperature effects are modeled,
thermal boundary conditions must be
specified at the wall:
Constant temperature
Constant heat flux
Temperature-dependent heat flux
(Convection):
Heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and the
ambient temperature are required to
specify this BC

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Defining Species Mass Fractions
Training Manual
Species Mass Fractions have to be

set for inlets and outlets.
The value for each species mass
fraction should be between 0 and 1.
The sum of the mass fractions
should be equal to or less than 1.
The Mass fraction of the last
species will be determined by
subtracting mass fraction of all the
other species from 1.

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Defining Inputs for Cavitation and VOF
Training Manual
The volume fraction of the gas

phase generated by cavitation has
to be specified for each inlet and
outlet.
Similarly the volume fraction of
each secondary phase is to be
specified while using VOF model.
The volume or phase fraction is a
number between 0 and 1.
When cavitation/VOF is turned on, a
button appears on the boundary
condition panel for each inlet/outlet.
Click on the button to get the
Phases Input panel.

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Special Boundary Conditions

Other inlet boundary conditions include
intake fan, inlet vent and pressure far
field:
Training Manual
Interior boundary condition types

include fans, porous jumps and
radiators:
Intake Fan: An external intake fan with

specified pressure jump (from a given
fan curve), flow direction, intake
pressure and temperature
Fan is used to simulate the effects of the

fan on the flow field with a fan curve
( Flow rate vs pressure drop).
Inlet Vent: An inlet vent zone with

specified loss coefficient, total pressure
(gauge), flow direction and temperature
Porous Jump: simulates the pressure

drop due to the presence of a
membrane with known pressure-drop
versus flow-rate characteristics
Pressure Far-field: A free stream

boundary condition at infinity with freestream Mach number.
Radiator: models the presence of a

radiator or a condenser (i.e. a heat
exchanger) using lumped parameters.
Exhaust Fan and Outlet Vent boundary

conditions can be created for outlets.

Please see the user manual for more

information on these boundary
conditions.
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Periodic and Symmetry Boundary Conditions
Training Manual
The symmetry boundary conditions

and the periodic boundary
conditions are useful in cutting
down on the modeling effort:
Symmetry is used when the flow
and the geometry have natural
planes of symmetry, which can be
exploited.
Periodic boundary conditions are
used when the flow has repeating
patterns, either along along a
direction (translational periodicity)
or along the circumference of the
domain (rotational periodicity).
Rotational Periodic settings

Periodic planes
Translational Periodic settings

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Creating Boundary Groups
Training Manual
By default, any external boundaries that

are not specified as inlets or outlets are
grouped into one or more walls.
To specify boundary conditions
separately on particular faces, Boundary
Groups can be created using the Create
Boundary Groups icon.
In the panel, select faces to be grouped
and then set the type of boundary
condition to be applied.
A new boundary group is created on
clicking OK.
To ungroup, open the panel and select
the geometry to be removed.
To identify the geometry associated with

a given boundary group, use the identify
boundary group icon.
A new boundary group

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Defining and Changing Boundary Conditions
Training Manual
To define a boundary condition

for the first time:
Click on the icon for boundary

condition type (inlet, outlet or
wall ..) icon
Select the corresponding
boundary group under Groups to
open the dialog box.
To change boundary type for a

particular boundary group:
Double click on the boundary

entry under Groups.
Change the Type in the Definition
of Boundaries panel.
To modify or check any existing

boundary conditions, double
click on the boundary name in
Boundary Conditions under
Fluent case
Display of boundary conditions
data in the CATIA specifications
tree

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Patch Functionality
Training Manual
The patch functionality can be used to set the

values of particular variables on fluid or solid
regions.
To patch a variable:
Click on the Patch button.

In the Patch Values panel, select the Flow
Property corresponding to the fluid or solid
region.
Select the Path Quantity (variable) and set its
value.
A Patch Value item is added to the Initialization
tree.
if we move the mouse pointer to the initialization
values, the patch quantity which is used is
highlighted.
Once the patch is used during computation, it

will be de-activated.
It can be reactivated for the next run using the
right mouse button.
Multiple patches can be used in the same

computation.

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Boundary Profiles (Data Mapping)
Training Manual
To specify non-uniform boundary

profiles, click the data mapping for
selected data or data mapping for
temperature
Enable Variant Data or Variant
Temperature, then select Data Mapping.
Click on the button
to specify the
location of the data file.
The data files can be in spread-sheet
(xls) or ASCII (txt) formats.
Units for each quantity have to be
specified in the data file.
Note that spatial and time data mapping
cannot be specified for the same
boundary condition simultaneously.
Please refer to the Appendix for the data
format for mapping.

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Unsteady Boundary Profiles
Training Manual
For unsteady simulation, time-dependent

boundary profiles specify the variation of
a selected boundary condition with
respect to time.
To set time dependent boundary profiles,
the time modulation has to be defined
first:
Click on the Time Modulation button.
Select a file (either in xls or txt formats)
and click OK
A Time Modulations.N item will be added
in the specification tree.
The input can then be specified for the

time-dependent boundary data by
clicking on
to pop up the Variation
Definition panel.
Highlight the Time modulation box, then

click on Time Modulation.N of the
specification tree

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when the time modulation is selected,

the icons color is changed to green
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Appendix

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Spatial Data Mapping File Formats
Training Manual
Sample formats for text and for spread sheet used in the spatial data
mapping (boundary profile). The first row contains the heading, and
each column contains respective x, y, z and the variable data

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Time Data Mapping File Formats
Training Manual
Sample time data mapping files in text and in spread sheet

formats. The first row contains the heading, and each of the two
columns contains respective time and variable data.

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Inventory #002702

FFC v5.0 07 Boundary Conditions

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Boundary and Initial

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

February 17, 2009

FLUENT for CATIA V5 Version 5.0

Fluent for Catia Support center

Creating Boundary Groups

Boundary Profiles (Data Mapping)

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

February 17, 2009

FLUENT for CATIA V5 Version 5.0

Fluent for Catia Support center

Assignment of boundary conditions (BCs) is a

A number of boundary conditions are

Faces of the geometry can be grouped

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

February 17, 2009

FLUENT for CATIA V5 Version 5.0

Fluent for Catia Support center

Boundary Condition Types: Inlet

The Inlet boundary condition requires the user to set

Velocity: incompressible flows only

In addition the user has to set the Inlet

For Turbulent Flows, the source of flow is used to

Long tube, pipe or duct

Temperature: is set for cases involving temperature

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

February 17, 2009

FLUENT for CATIA V5 Version 5.0

Fluent for Catia Support center

Boundary Condition Types: Outlet

The Outlet Boundary Condition requires

Temperature and species mass fraction

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

February 17, 2009

FLUENT for CATIA V5 Version 5.0

Fluent for Catia Support center

Boundary Condition Types: Wall

Wall boundary condition:

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

February 17, 2009

FLUENT for CATIA V5 Version 5.0

Fluent for Catia Support center

Defining Species Mass Fractions

Species Mass Fractions have to be

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

February 17, 2009

FLUENT for CATIA V5 Version 5.0

Fluent for Catia Support center

Defining Inputs for Cavitation and VOF

The volume fraction of the gas

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

February 17, 2009

FLUENT for CATIA V5 Version 5.0

Fluent for Catia Support center

Special Boundary Conditions

Interior boundary condition types

Intake Fan: An external intake fan with

Fan is used to simulate the effects of the

Inlet Vent: An inlet vent zone with

Porous Jump: simulates the pressure

Pressure Far-field: A free stream

Radiator: models the presence of a