Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ُ ( ﺍﻟ ﱠﺪ ْﺭ١)
first alif. The second word is the noun (object) being referred to e.g. َﺑ ْﻴﺖmeans house.
• Please click on the words or pictures to hear speech, i.e. how the words should be
pronounced.
.ﺏ
ﻫـٰﺬﺍ ِﻛﺘَﺎ . ﻫـٰﺬﺍ ﺑَﺎﺏ . ﺪ ﺠ
ِﺴْ ﻫـٰﺬﺍ َﻣ . ﻫـٰﺬﺍ َﺑ ْﻴﺖ
This is a book This is a door This is a Mosque This is a house
• Arabic has no word which is equal to the English word "is" which is referred to as a copula in
grammar. We can see this rule demonstrated above where we see the words for ﻫـٰﺬﺍand
the noun/object ْ َﻣbeing referred to without any copula. i.e. ٌﺴﺠِﺪ
ﺴﺠِﺪ ْ ﻫـٰﺬﺍ َﻣ. If read
literally this sentence would read "This Mosque", however, the word "is" can be implied in this
sentence so that it reads "This is a Mosque"
• There is no word in Arabic corresponding to "a" in English as in: "This is a book". The n-sound,
i.e. the tanween (doubled vowel sign) at the end of the Arabic noun (kitabu-n, baitu-n,
masjidu-n) is the Arabic indefinite article corresponding to the English "a/an".
• Please click on the button for part 2 below to move onto the next section where we will practise
this principle further Insha'Allah.
Lesson 1 - ﺫﺍٰﻫـ - 'This is..' continued
• Insha'Allah (God-Willing), we will continue practicing with some more examples of using the
.ﺡ
ﺎﻫـٰﺬﺍ ِﻣ ﹾﻔﺘ . ﻢ ﻫـٰﺬﺍ ﹶﻗ ﹶﻠ
This is a key. This is a pen.
• We have learnt how to say 'This is' using the phrase haadhaa. Now, we will learn how to say
'What is this' to ask a question followed by the answers to the questions Insha'Allah. Please
click on part 3 below to proceed.
Lesson 1 - ٰﺫﺍﻣﺎ ﻫـ/ ﺃﻫـٰﺬﺍ- 'What is
this'/'Is this a..'
• In this part of lesson 1 we will learn the phrase ٰﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻫـwhich means "What's this".
We shall then answer the questions with the phrase we learnt in the earlier lessons, i.e.
haadhaa
( )ﻫـٰﺬﺍ. We will also learn the phrase ﺃﻫـٰﺬﺍwhich means "Is this...", for example
ٌ ﺃﻫـٰﺬﺍ َﺑ ْﻴﺖwhich means "Is this a house."
• In addition, we will learn the words for Yes and No in Arabic to answer these questions. The
word for Yes in Arabic is َﻧ َﻌ ْﻢand the word for No in Arabic is ﹶﻻ.
• As we have already learnt, the Arabic script is read from right to left, please read the
sentences below from right to left.
• Please click on the words or pictures to hear speech, i.e. how the words should be
pronounced.
.ٌﺠﻢ
ْ ـﺬﺍ َﻧ
ٰ ﻫ ﻣﺎ ﻫـٰﺬﺍ؟
This is a star. What is this?
• In the next lesson we will learn the word َﻣ ْﻦ ﻫـٰﺬﺍ؟ which means "Who is this?"
followed by some more sentences to revise what we have learnt in this lesson, Insha'Allah.
Lesson 1 - Exercise 3
• We have practised reading words and learning phrases and grammar. However, it is
very important to learn how to write Arabic while you are learning the language.
Please read the sentences below and write them down on a piece of paper. You have
already learnt what the sentences below mean in the earlier part of the lesson so try
to remember what they mean also.
example ﻴﺖ ﺑ (house) where we can see the fatha, sukun and damma. However,
with experience, we know from a combination of the letters used and the context of
the sentence what the word actually means. Below, the words will appear without
vowel-marks or diacritical marks (e.g. sukun, fatha, kasra etc). Hence, the word will
• In the next lesson we will learn the word ﻦ ﻫـٰﺬﺍ؟ ﻣ which means "Who is
this?" followed by some more sentences to revise what we have learnt in this
lesson, Insha'Allah.
Lesson 1 - ﻦ ﻫـٰﺬﺍ؟ ﻣ - 'Who is this?'
• In this section we shall cover the phrase ﻦ ﻫـٰﺬﺍ؟ ﻣ which means 'Who is this?'.
We shall then answer the questions and learn some more words, Insha'Allah.
• Please click on the words or pictures to hear speech, i.e. how the words should
be pronounced.
. ٌـﺬﺍ ﻃﹶﺎﻟِﺐ
ٰ ﻫ ﻦ ﻫـٰﺬﺍ ؟ ﻣ
This is a student. Who is this?
. ﺪ ﺠ
ِﺴ ﻣ ﻫـٰﺬﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻫـٰﺬﺍ؟
This is a mosque. What is this?
• In this section we shall cover a number of the phrases we have already learnt and we shall
learn some new vocabulary.
• Please click on the words or pictures to hear speech, i.e. how the words should
be pronounced.
.ﻂ
ﻫـٰﺬﺍ ِﻗ ﱞ ﻣﺎ ﻫـٰﺬﺍ؟
This is a cat. What is this?
• In this section we shall cover a number of the phrases we have already learnt and we shall
learn some new vocabulary, Insha'Allah.
• Please click on the words or pictures to hear speech, i.e. how the words should be
pronounced.
• Insha'Allah, in the next part of this lesson we will practice writing and reading skills. Please
write out the following words below including their translation. It is important to practice
writing in the duration of this course and to be able to read without translations. If you are
unsure what the words below mean, please revisit the previous sections of this lesson, all the
words below have already been covered earlier.
• You will also notice that the words below do not have vowel-marks, i.e. damma, kasra and
fatha. The vowel-marks have been deliberately omitted because when you read Arabic in
normal literature, vowel-marks are seldom used. The context and your experience of words
will enable you to read the word properly. The words below should be apparent without the
vowel-marks as we have covered them several times already.
. ـﺬﺍ ﺭﺟﻞ
ٰ ( ﻣﻦ ﻫـٰﺬﺍ؟ ﻫ۱۰) .( ﻫـٰﺬﺍ ﻭﻟﺪ؟ ﻧﻌﻢﺃ٩)
• You have now completed lesson 1. To summarise, the areas we have covered are:
• If you feel confident with the lesson covered, please move on to the next lesson where we
will cover the Demonstrative Pronoun - َ ٰﺫﻟِﻚwhich means ('That is..'). Insha'Allah the next
lesson is a short and relatively straightforward lesson. Please click on Lesson 2 below to go
to the next lesson.
Lesson 2 - ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧـﻲ (٢)
• Please click on the words or pictures to hear speech, i.e. how the words should be
pronounced.
ٌﺠﻢ
ﻧ ﻚ
ﺫِﻟ ﻚ؟
ﻣﺎ ﺫِﻟ
What is That?
That is a star.
ٌﻚ ﺑﻴﺖ
ﺠ ٌﺪ ﻭﺫِﻟ
ِﺴ ﻣ ـﺬﺍ
ٰ ﻫ ﻚ
ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺫِﻟ ـﺬﺍ
ٰ ﻣﺎ ﻫ
This is a mosque and that is a
house. What is this and what is that?
ٌﻚ ِﻗﻂﹲ
ﺫِﻟ،ﻻ ﻚ ﹶﻛ ﹾﻠﺐٌ؟
ﺃﺫِﻟ
No, that is a cat. Is that a dog?
ٌﺳﺮِﻳﺮ ﻚ
ﺫِﻟ ﻚ؟
ﻣﺎ ﺫِﻟ
What is That?
That is a bed.
• Please click on the words or pictures to hear speech, i.e. how the words should be
pronounced.
ﺠ ٌﺮ
ﺣ ﻚ
ﺫِﻟ ﻚ؟
ﻣﺎ ﺫِﻟ
That is a rock. What is That?
• Please read the words below and then write them down on a piece of paper. Once again, this
will enable you to practice writing Arabic which is a very important part of learning the
language.
• Please move onto the next lesson where we cover the use of the definite article (i.e. 'the').
Lesson 3 -ﺚ
ﺱ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟ ﹸ
ُ ( ﺍﻟﺪﺭ٣)
• Take particular note of the change in the vowel ending when a word is changed to it's
definite form, i.e. the tanween (double vowel) which represents indefinite form e.g. a
house has been changed to a single damma. It is hence also important to remember that
a word can never take alif lam at the beginning and tanween at the same time (i.e. it can
never be both indefinite and definite at the same time).
• Remember, start reading from right to left. The first two sentence will illustrate the
change in form from indefinite form (e.g. a house) to definite form (e.g. the house).
• Please click on the words or pictures to hear speech, i.e. how the words should be
pronounced.
: ٌﺴﺠِﺪ
ْ َﻣ
ﺏ
ُ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎ: ﺏ
ِﻛﺘَﺎ ُ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘ ﹶﻠﻢ: ﻗﻠﻢ ﺖ
ُ ﹶﺍﹾﻟَﺒ ْﻴ: ﺑﻴﺖ
ُ ﺍﻟﹾـﻤ
َﺴﺠﺪ
A mosque :The mosque The book: A book The pen: A pen The house: A house
Lesson 3 - ﺍﻝ- 'The Definite Article (The)'
continued...
• Insha'Allah (God-Willing), we will study some practical sentences using the definite article
( )الwhich corresponds to 'the' in the English language.
• Please click on the words or pictures to hear speech, i.e. how the words should be
pronounced.
• In the next lesson we will go over some questions to test the areas you have learnt in this
lesson Insha'Allah.
Lesson 3 -ﺚ
ﺱ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟ ﹸ
ُ ( ﺍﻟﺪﺭ٣)
Questions - ﲤـﺮﻳﻦ
• In the next section we will have multiple questions Insha'Allah (God-Willing) to test your
understanding of the principles we have learnt. To answer the questions:
o Click on the question number you would like to answer (this will be higlighted in
blue once you click to show that it is the active question).
o Click on the letters on the keyboard in the lower frame to type in the answer in
Arabic automatically under the question. The joining of letters is automatic,
hence focus on simply spelling the letters and familiarise yourself with how the
letters are joined.
o Click on the next question and use the keyboard again to enter the answer.
o Upon completion of all questions click on the Mark Answer button to obtain your
mark.
• Please enter the answers to the questions below using the keyboard and mark
your answers as per commentary (above).
:ﺕ
ِ ﺎﺍ ِﺧ ِﺮ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ِﻠﻤﻂ ﹶﺃﻭ
ِ ﺒ ﺿ
ﻊ ﻣ ﺐ
ﺍ ﹾﻛُﺘِﺍﻗﹾﺮﹾﺃ ﻭ (۱)
The Arabic sentence above means "Read and write the following words again with the
correct endings". In each of the words below simply type the word again using the
keyboard (as above) with the vowel-marks and punctuation, e.g. masjidu = masjidun
as below:
ﺪ ﺠ
ِﺴ ﻣ = ﺴﺠِﺪ
ﻣ
Remember a word can be either definite (with alif laam but not tanween) or indefinite
(with no alif laam but with tanween). The proper pronunciation (and hence answers)
can be heard by clicking on the speakers by the sentences, but please don't click on
these until you have attempted to complete the exercise so that you may benefit
Insha'Allah.
• Please enter the answers to the questions below using the keyboard and mark
your answers as per commentary (above).
:ﺐ
ﻭ ﹾﻛُﺘ ِﺍﻗﹾﺮﹾﺃ (٢)
The Arabic sentence above means "Read and write". In each of the sentences below
simply type the words again using the keyboard as in the previous questions and
including the vowel-marks which have been omitted. Once again, upon completing the
exercise you can click on the speakers by each sentence to hear the correct
pronunciation and hence answers.
• Please enter the answers to the questions below using the keyboard and mark your
answers as per commentary (above).
The Arabic sentence above means "Fill in the blanks with the words given". For each of
the sentences, type out the full sentence using the words below - e.g. for the first
question, click on the question and type as below (include vowel-marks).
ﻒ
ﻴ ﺧ ِﻔ - ﻴ ﹲﻞ ﹶﺛ ِﻘ- ﺭ ﺎ ﺣ- ﺡ
ﻮ ﻣ ﹾﻔُﺘ - ﺦ
ﻭ ِﺳ - ﻴ ﹲﻞ ﺟ ِﻤ
Once again - by clicking on the speakers you can hear the correct answer to the
question. Please do not do this until you have attempted the exercise.
QUESTIONS:
.......ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ .......ﺍﻟـﺤﺠﺮ
.......ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ .......ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ
.......ﺍﻟﻠﱭ .......ﺍﻟـﻤﻨﺪﻳﻞ
٣ Lesson -ﺚ
ﺱ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟ ﹸ
ُ ( ﺍﻟﺪﺭ٣)
Questions - ﲤـﺮﻳﻦ
• In the next section we will have multiple questions Insha'Allah (God-Willing) to test your
understanding of the principles we have learnt. To answer the questions:
o Click on the question number you would like to answer (this will be higlighted in blue
once you click to show that it is the active question).
o Click on the letters on the keyboard in the lower frame to type in the answer in Arabic
automatically under the question. The joining of letters is automatic, hence focus on
simply spelling the letters and familiarise yourself with how the letters are joined.
o Click on the next question and use the keyboard again to enter the answer.
o Upon completion of all questions click on the Mark Answer button to obtain your mark.
• Please enter the answers to the questions below using the keyboard and mark your
answers as per commentary (above).
The Arabic sentence above means "Fill in the blanks with suitable words". For each of
the questions below, type out the full sentence starting with the word in the bracket
followed by the word noted. E.g. for the first question, click on the question and type
as below (include vowel-marks). Once again, the sound has been included (click on
speaker icon by sentence to hear) but once again please only listen to the sentences
after doing the exercises.
ﻒ
ﻴ ﻧ ِﻈ ُﻴﺺ ﹶﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘ ِﻤ
QUESTIONS:
pronounced al-qamaru ( ﻤﺮ )ﹶﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘ. Here are some more examples of the assimilation of the
<<l>> of <<al>> to the Solar Letters (don't worry about the meanings of the words yet):
o al-najmu becomes an-najmu.
o al-rajulu becomes ar-rajulu.
o al-diku becomes ad-diku.
o al-samaku becomes as-samaku.
Note that the <<a>> of <<al>> is pronounced only when it is not preceded by another
word. If it is preceded by a word it is dropped in pronunciation, though it remains in writing,
e.g. wal-baitu. Here the <<a>> is dropped and the phrase is pronounced wal-baitu not wa
al-baitu. To indicate this omission in pronunciation, this sign: << >> is placed above the
hamzah.
• The initial vowel (a, i, or u) which is omitted when preceded by a word is called hamazatu l-
wasl.
• We have learnt that the tanwin is the indefinite article, and it is to be translated as <<a>>
e.g. ﺖ
ٌ ﻴﺑ means a house. This rule does not apply to adjectives like ﺡ
ٌ ﻮ ﺘﻣ ﹾﻔ "open", and
ﻮ ٌﺭ ﺴ
ﻣ ﹾﻜ "broken".
٣ Lesson -ﺚ
ﺱ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟ ﹸ
ُ ( ﺍﻟﺪﺭ٣)
Questions - ﲤـﺮﻳﻦ
:(ﻣ ِﺔ )ﺃ ﻣ ِﺔ )ﺏ( ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﹶﺎِﺃ ﺮ ﻛﻠﻤ ﹰﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎِﺃ ﺘﺧ ( ِﺍ۳)
• The sentence above means "Match the words in ()ﺃ with those in (" )ﺏ. Please write
the following answers with a pen and paper joining the letters. It is important that you
practice your writing skills in the duration of this course to master the language
Insha'Allah. This will be followed by vocabulary. To hear the pronunciation of any of
the words or vocabulary, click on the word/ sentence.
QUESTION:
( )ﺏ ()ﺃ
ﹶﻟﺬِﻳﺬﹲ ﺐ
ُ ﺍﻟﻄﱠﺎﻟ
ﺭ ﻣ ﹾﻜﺴُﻮ ﺪﻛﱠﺎ ﹸﻥ ﺍﻟ
ﹶﺛﻘِﻴﻞﹲ ﺡ
ُ ﺘﻔﱠﺎﺍﻟ
ﻣ ﹾﻔﺘُﻮﺡ ﺎ ُﺀﺍﻟـﻤ
ﻣﺮِﻳﺾ ُﺠﺮ
ﳊﺍﹶ
ﺭ ﺣﺎ ُﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ﹶﻠﻢ
For the answer to the questions click here.
New Vocabulary:
:ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺓ
Sweet ُﺣ ﹾﻠﻮ Old ﻢ ﻳﹶﻗ ِﺪ
Sick ﺾ
ﻳﻣ ِﺮ Near ﺐ
ﻳﹶﻗ ِﺮ
Shop ﺪﻛﱠﺎ ﹸﻥ ﺍﻟ Far Away ﺪ ﻴ ﺑ ِﻌ
Rich ﻲ ﹶﻏِﻨ Clean ﻒ
ﻴ ﻧ ِﻈ
Tall ﻳ ﹲﻞﹶﻃ ِﻮ Dirty ﺦ
ﻭ ِﺳ
Poor ﺮ ﻴ ﹶﻓ ِﻘ Small ﺮ ﻴ ﺻ ِﻐ
Short ﺮ ﻴ ﺼ
ِ ﹶﻗ Big ﺮ ﻴ ﹶﻛِﺒ
Apple ﺡ
ُ ﺍﻟُﺘﻔﱠﺎ Light ﻒ
ﻴ ﺧ ِﻔ
Cold ﺩ ﺎ ِﺭﺑ Heavy ﻴ ﹲﻞ ﹶﺛ ِﻘ
Hot ﺭ ﺎﺣ Paper ُﺭﻕ ﻮ ﹶﺍﹾﻟ
Sitting ﺎِﻟﺲﺟ Water ﺎ ُﺀﺍﻟـﻤ
Standing ﺍ ِﻗﻒﻭ Beautiful ﻴ ﹲﻞ ﺟ ِﻤ
New ﺪ ﻳﺟ ِﺪ
ﻴ ﹸﺔﺴ
ِ ﻤ ﺸ
ﻑ ﺍﻟ
ﻭ ﺮ ﺤ
ﺍﹾﻟﻳﺔﹸ ﻭﻤ ِﺮ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘﻭﻑ ﺮﹶﺍﹾﻟﺤ
• The sentence above means "The Moon and The Sun Letters". See
section 7 (which should have already been covered) if you do not already
understand the rules relating to the sun and the moon letters. Remember,
this rule affects the pronunciation of the word and not the written form.
Please listen carefully to the pronunciation. Pay attention to how the
QUESTION:
ﻴ ﹸﺔﺴ
ِ ﻤ ﺸ
ﺍﻟﻭﻑ ﺮﹶﺍﹾﻟﺤ ﻳﺔﹸﻤ ِﺮ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘﻭﻑ ﺮﹶﺍﹾﻟﺤ
ﺮ ﺎ ِﺟ ﺍﹶﻟﺘ: ( ﺕ۱) ﺏ
ﺍﹶﻷ: ( ﺃ۱)
ﺏ
ﺍﹶﻟﺜﱠﻮ: ( ﺙ۲) ﺏ
ﺎ ﹶﺍﹾﻟﺒ: ( ﺏ۲)
ﻚ
ﻳﺪ ﺍﹶﻟ: ( ﺩ۳) ﻨﺔﹸﺠ
ﹶﺍﹾﻟ: ( ﺝ۳)
ﻫﺐ ﺍﹶﻟ ﱠﺬ: ( ﺫ٤) ﺭ ﺎﺤﻤ
ِ ﹶﺍﹾﻟ: ( ﺡ٤)
ﺟ ﹸﻞ ﺮ ﺍﹶﻟ: ( ﺭ٥) ﺒﺰ ﹶﺍﹾﻟﺨ: ( ﺥ٥)
ﺮﺓﹸ ﻫ ﺰ ﺍﹶﻟ: ( ﺯ٦) ﻦ ﻴ ﻌ ﹶﺍﹾﻟ: ( ﻉ٦)
ﻤﻚ ﺴ
ﺍﹶﻟ: ( ﺱ٧) ﺍ ُﺀﻐﺪ ﹶﺍﹾﻟ: ( ﻍ٧)
ﺲ
ﻤ ﺸ
ﺍﹶﻟ: ( ﺵ۸) ﹶﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻔﻢ: ( ﻑ۸)
ﺭ ﺪ ﺼ
ﺍﹶﻟ: ( ﺹ۹) ﻤﺮ ﹶﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘ: ( ﻕ۹)
ﻒ
ﻀ ﻴ
) (۱۰ﺽ :ﺍﹶﻟ ﺐ
) (۱۰ﻙ :ﹶﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹾﻠ
) (۱۱ﻁ :ﺍﹶﻟﻄﱠﺎِﻟﺐ ) (۱۱ﻡ :ﺍﻟـﻤﺎ ُﺀ
) (۱۲ﻅ :ﺍﹶﻟ ﱠﻈ ﻬ ﺮ ) (۱۲ﻭ :ﹶﺍﹾﻟ ﻮﹶﻟ ﺪ
ﺤ ﻢ
) (۱٣ﻝ :ﺍﹶﻟ ﱠﻠ ) (۱٣ﻫـ :ﹶﺍﹾﻟ ﻬﻮﺍ ُﺀ
ﺠ ﻢ
) (۱٤ﻥ :ﺍﹶﻟﻨ ) (۱٤ﻯ :ﹶﺍﹾﻟﻴﺪ
َ
: ﺍِﻗﹾﺮﺃ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻵﺗﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﻛﺘﺒﻬﺎ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﻴﹰﺎ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﻧﻄﻖ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮﻳﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ
• The sentence above says: "Read and write the words keeping in mind the rules
pertaining to the Solar and Lunar Letters". Once again, please write the words below
with a pen and paper and read the words prior to clicking on them below to hear the
correct pronunciation. As these words have already been covered before, the vowel-
marks and diacritical marks (e.g. fatha, kasra, damma, sukun etc) have not been used
over the letters. This is the way standard Arabic is written and it is important to get
used to this.
EXERCISE: