Red Blood Cell

Origin
Plant of
Animal?
Animal

Palisade Cell

Plant

Their
chloroplasts
absorb a major
portion of the
light energy used
by the leaf.

This cell is at the top of the leaf, allowing it to absorb more light. It
is also a different shape to other similar cells in the leaf, as the
different shapes helps it to absorb light.

Photosynthetic Cell

Plant

A type of cell
which converts
light into energy
for the plant.

They have adapted to have high levels of chlorophyll, which is the

main thing needed for photosynthesis

Name

Picture

Function

Adaptation(s) that make the cell suited to its function

A type
of blood cell that
contains
hemoglobin and
is responsible for
the transport of
oxygen in the
blood.

These cells have a thin but strong membrane which allows oxygen
to pass through while still keeping the cell together.

Stomata (guard cell)

Plant

White Blood Cell

Animal

Cardiac muscle Cell

Animal

Nerve Cell

Animal

These cells
effectively allow
plants to
breathe opening
and closing to
release carbon
dioxide and
intake oxygen.
They engulf
bacteria and
produce
antibodies,
creating
immunity for the
body.

Guard Cells have adapted to be able to change shape, letting them

open and close to let the plant breathe.

Coordinated
movements of the
cardiac
muscle cells in
the heart propel
blood out of the
atria and
ventricles.

The cardiac muscle has adapted to be immune to fatigue, which is

extremely important as it keeps the heart pumping.

Nerve Cells bring

electrical signals
to the cell body
and take
information away
from the cell

The shape of these protect the skin from the antibodies, but still
fight bacteria and viruses.

The shape of this cell is highly effective when sending information,

for example many dendrites and axons help receive and send away
information more efficiently.

body
Root Hair Cell

Plant

Sperm Cell

Animal

Xylem

Plant

The function of
this cell is to
collect water and
other nutrients in
the soil, and carry
it back through
the roots to the
plant.
The purpose of a
sperm cell is to
fertilize the egg.

Plants absorb water from the soil by osmosis. Root hair cells are
adapted for this by having a large surface area to speed up osmosis.

Xylem transports
water and solutes
from the roots to
the leaves,

One of the main adaptations of the xylem is the ring of lignin that forms a
spiral pattern around the xylem tube. Due to the immense strength
of the lignin, it helps to be a supportive structure for the plant

The sperm has a tail to help it move to find the egg. It also has a
large number of mitochondria to supply the energy needed for the
movement.