Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Fundamental Skills
INTRODUCTION
In response to an expressed need by teachers and KiwiSport coaches,
the Hillary Commission is pleased to be able to offer KiwiSport
Fundamental Skills, a manual of activities and games for teachers, parents
and others who want to develop childrens fundamental sports skills in
a fun way.
KiwiSport Fundamental Skills is an early step towards the Hillary
Commission vision of a nation with lifelong interests, skills and attitudes
that lead to active lifestyles. KiwiSport Fundamental Skills gives children
the opportunity to acquire a wide range of fundamental sport skills which
will allow them to participate fully and play games better. This will lead
to a feeling of personal success and satisfaction and establish a sound
base for the time when they are ready to move on to specific
KiwiSports and adult sports.
KiwiSport Fundamental Skills develops skills
through play and games. The activities are
uncomplicated and do not require great
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
technical knowledge. Most are well known and easy to use. The emphasis is on
maximum participation with children progressing at their own rate.
KiwiSport Fundamental Skills is a resource with a variety of uses. Schools should find
it valuable within the health and physical education component of the curriculum as
a source of activities for sport education and coaching, lunchtime recreation, after
school programmes and motor skill learning. It also has a place at home and in the
community as a comprehensive compendium of activities and games for parents,
coaches and others who are involved in both formal and informal childrens play.
The decision on how and when to use the activities is left to the skill and judgement
of teachers and others associated with childrens learning. It is important however,
to see these fundamental skills as a foundation only, with children moving on to
specific KiwiSports as soon as they are ready.
The KiwiSport Co-ordinator from your regional sports trust
is available to arrange training and assist with making
the best use of this manual.
NATIONAL SPORTS
ORGANISATIONS
SPORT SPECIFIC
Fundamental
Skills
K iwiS port
Kiwi Outdoors
Kiwi Can
Leadership
Award
KiwiDex
Planning and Evaluatuon
Kiwi Golf
Kiwi Netball
Mini-Hockey
Kiwi Tri
Kiwi GymFun
Kiwi Squash
Run-Jump-Throw
Kiwi Ski
Kiwi Tennis
Kiwi Surf
Kiwi Badminton
Kiwi Indoor Bowls
Mini-Soccer
Mini-Ball
Mini Footy
Kiwi Marching
Kiwi Softball
Kiwi Trampoline
Kiwi Orienteering
Kiwi Cricket
Kiwi Wrestling
Kiwi Rugby
Kiwi Croquet
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Walking
Running
Jumping
Balance
Climbing
Landing
Pushing and Pulling
Rotation
Swinging
Ball Control
Kiwi-Volley
Kiwi Table Tennis
Kiwi Judo
Kiwi Touch
Kiwi Cycling
Catching
Passing and Throwing
Striking
Fun
Success
Skills
Variety
Safety
Friends
Challenge
Fair play
Involvement
Self Esteem
Competition
Attitudes
Enjoyment
Activity
Opportunities
DEVELOPMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
Children are not mini-adults. Their needs and priorities are different and vary from
those of adults. A range of factors determine the needs of groups and individuals.
These include the stage of growth, social development, level of maturation, previous
learning and the capacity for learning. Individuals of the same chronological age
vary greatly and all adults involved in childrens learning should be aware of this.
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
JUNIOR SCHOOL
INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL
Endurance increases but may
have fluctuations in energy.
Recovers quickly
Fine co-ordination
developing rapidly.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
JUNIOR SCHOOL
INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL
PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
JUNIOR SCHOOL
INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL
Approval by adults
important.
Approval by peers
important.
Imaginative, spontaneous
and creative.
Needs encouragement to be
creative.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Care should be taken to ensure that adult values and the desire
for children to acquire skills do not reduce the intended high
playful element of KiwiSport fundamental skill learning.
When children play they determine the real value and meaning
of the experience. Play provides an important means for children
to express, explore and discover many aspects of life relative to
themselves and others.
Organised and informal play can help children progressively
acquire skills and learn to value physical activity.
friendship.
fun.
achievement.
identity.
fairness.
success.
LEAST PLAYFUL
MOST PLAYFUL
regulated by rules
controlled by others
teacher/coach dominated
restricted participation
highly structured
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
self contained
make believe
spontaneous
uncertain
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
The best skill learning takes place when motivation to learn is at a high level. This
leads to success which, in turn, usually enhances motivation for continued
involvement.
FEEDBACK
All children receive some type of internal feedback simply by taking part. Positive
and specific external feedback reinforces learning by providing information. It is also
a motivating factor.
UNIQUENESS
Skills are developed and refined by practice. Therefore it is essential that skills are
taught correctly in the first instance to avoid practising faults.
INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
INFLUENCES ON CHILDRENS
MOTIVATION AND PERFORMANCE
In addition to a childs stage of intellectual and physical development there are
numerous other influences which determine their level of motivation and performance
in physical activities. When attempting to meet the diverse needs of children consider:
EXTERNAL INFLUENCES
The home and cultural background with its attitudes, beliefs and values.
The school environment with its facilities, equipment, number of children,
policies, programmes and atmosphere.
Significant others including parents, teachers, friends, peers, siblings, role
models and coaches.
Past physical activity and sport experiences.
The community environment including facilities, opportunities, attitudes.
INTERNAL INFLUENCES
Personality
Feelings
Body shape and size
Values and attitudes
Interests
Health status
Gender
ADULTS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Groups are small so that there is minimum time waiting for a turn
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
10
Plenty of pertinent
practice for the
individual makes
it fun for all
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
11
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
12
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
13
PLANNING
Those who produce the best results plan their units and skill sessions.
Planning can occur in many forms but good planning:
includes evaluation both at the beginning and end of the unit.
establishes goals and priorities.
makes best use of time, space and equipment.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
14
SAFETY
Safety is a factor to be kept constantly in mind. Careful thought is
needed to determine the fine line between challenge and
unacceptable risk. This varies greatly with individuals and groups
and it is the responsibility of those with children in their care to
establish safe procedures. The standard set must be at child level,
both physical and intellectual, not at adult level.
It should be an on-going objective to help children accept
responsibility for their personal safety and that of others by
becoming aware of the effect of their own behaviour.
Listed below are actions which can be taken to achieve a safe
environment.
Show that safe practices enhance enjoyment.
Establish a working space that allows free movement.
Clarify rules for using equipment especially bats, racquets
and sticks.
Encourage looking ahead and anticipating unsafe action.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
15
In many tribal areas these words will be the same but in recognition
of dialectal difference a list of local words should be prepared in
consultation with your local Iwi.
INSTRUCTION
listen
talk
look
stand
sit
come
go
whakarongo
krero
titiro
e tu
e noho
haere mai
haere atu
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
BODY PART
body
head
arm/hand
stomach
waist
knee
leg/foot
tinana
upoko
ringa
puku
hope
pona
waewae
DIRECTION
ACTIVITY
front
back
side
right
left
up
down
ball on string
wand, long stick
games
short stick
stick
mua
muri
taha
matau
maui
runga
raro
COUNTING
MOVEMENTS
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
walk
step
run
jump
kick
turn
skip
stamp
tahi
rua
toru
wha
rima
ono
whitu
waru
iwa
te kau
poi
tira
mahi takaro
titi torea
rakau
ta haere
hikoi
oma
peke
whana whana
huri
piu
takahi
16
K I W IS P O R T
Fundamental Skills
MANIPULATION ACTIVITIES
STRIKING
Manipulation activities
striking
STRIKING
The aim of KiwiSport Fundamental Skills is to develop basic sports skills through
simple, enjoyable play activities.
This section contains those which are pertinent to striking. They are grouped
for:
Activities are generally arranged from the simplest to the most complex.
The activities have been selected with schools specifically in mind but an input
of professional skill and judgement is needed to ensure lively and relevant
programmes. Decisions will need to be made on when and how the activities
are used and what modifications are needed to match age and ability.
The activities also fill a need outside class programmes. They are useful for
childrens learning and play at any time - lunch time, after school, sports
training, holiday programmes and at home.
Parents and others who play with children in informal situations should find
the ideas particularly helpful.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
striking
First player dribbles to the centre marker, controls the ball then pushes to
the next and continues on to join the end of the line.
LOOK FOR
Player 1 pushes to the centre marker, follows the ball, controls it, dribbles
around the centre marker then pushes to player 2 who continues.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
striking
Large balls.
Large balls.
Markers.
VARIATIONS
All have a ball. 1 and 3 exchange, then 3 turns and exchanges with 2.
Vary the distance apart.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Groups of four with a ball. 1 passes to 2, runs, takes a return pass then
passes to 3.
3 passes to 2, runs, takes a return pass and passes to 4, 4 continues.
After everyone has had several turns change number 2.
LOOK FOR
VARIATION
Manipulation activities
striking
Large balls.
Markers.
Large balls.
Three players side by side, the centre person with the ball. Player 1
passes to 2 who returns the pass.
Player 1 then passes to 3 who returns it.
Start from a stationary position then increase the speed as skill improves
to walking to jogging to running.
Rotate positions.
LOOK FOR
VARIATION
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
striking
Grass area.
Grass area.
Low tees.
Low tees.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
eye on ball.
balanced approach.
relaxed kick.
VARIATIONS
Manipulation activities
striking
PUNTING
PUNTING
Markers.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
DURING THE ACTIVITY
Spread out with a ball each trying both right and left foot.
Who can kick. . . . . ?
by dropping the ball onto your foot.
high/a long way.
up a little way and catch.
to land near or on a mark.
over a net, rope, goal post.
walking/jogging/running.
In pairs with a ball
Can you kick . . . . .?
for your partner to catch.
high/low/along the ground to your partner.
over the goal posts.
getting further and further apart.
high to your partner and run to tag them before they catch.
to each other as you walk/run/jog.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
VARIATIONS
Manipulation activities
striking
PUNTING
PUNTING
Markers.
Large balls.
A marked area with a neutral zone in the centre (or a high net or rope).
Two teams of four to six, one in each end of the court.
The aim is to kick the ball to land it in the opponents court on the full.
A point is conceded if the ball hits the ground in your court, a ball is
kicked out of bounds or if it fails to clear the neutral zone (net). After a
point is scored the ball is put back into play by the non-scoring team.
LOOK FOR
court coverage.
calling for the ball.
eyes on the ball.
kicking on the laces.
VARIATIONS
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
striking
PUNTING
PUNTING
Hoops.
Large balls.
A diamond set out using the rubbish bin and three bases. The hoop in the
centre. Two teams, one the fielders with a player in the hoop, the others
spread out.
A kicking team lined up behind the bin.
The first kicker kicks the ball in front of the line then runs round the
bases. The fielders field the ball and pass it to the player in the hoop who
throws it at the bin. One foot must remain in the hoop. If the kicker gets
round the bases and touches the bin before the bin is hit with the ball
they score a point. If the bin is hit first the fielders score a point.
LOOK FOR
eye on ball.
swing leg from the hip.
kick with the laces.
VARIATIONS
LOOK FOR
field coverage.
kicking with the laces.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
striking
PUNTING
PUNTING
Sets of wickets.
Markers.
Large balls.
Large balls.
Grass area.
Group of three, one half way between the start and score lines, the others
behind the start line.
Player 2 runs with the ball, chips it over 1, catches it or toes it on over the
score line and scores a try.
Player 1 remains stationary.
After scoring, 2 returns the ball to 3 then takes 1s place.
1 goes behind 3 who then runs and chips over 2 etc.
LOOK FOR
VARIATION
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
10
Manipulation activities
striking
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
How long can you keep it up before it hits the ground or you catch it?
How many different body parts can you use one after the other?
In pairs with a ball.
Can you . . . . .?
throw the ball and hit it to your partner with different body parts.
hit back and forwards to your partner.
hit over a net/rope.
In small groups
Keep the ball up how many times can you hit the ball up before it hits
the ground? No player has two hits in succession.
Leader in the centre of a circle lobs the ball to the others in turn and
nominates what body part is to strike the ball.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
11
Manipulation activities
striking
grip the bat with both hands, left hand near the top, right hand close to it
(right handers).
stand sideon slightly behind the tee, bat back, hands level with the
shoulders.
take a small step forward and swing the arms rotating the body.
follow through.
VARIATIONS
VARIATION
As skill develops batters may toss up the ball and hit it, or hit a slow
pitched ball.
When skill develops try the same activities with the ball lobbed for the
batter to hit on the full.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
12
Manipulation activities
striking
Groups of four.
A batter at the tee.
The others, fielders, in hoops spread in front of the tee.
The batter names the fielder they are hitting to. That fielder must keep one foot
in the hoop and attempt to field the ball.
Batters score a point if the fielder is successful. They have three turns then
change with a fielder.
LOOK FOR
hands together.
feet apart, relaxed stance.
bat back, hands level with shoulder.
step, swing, rotate at hips.
follow through.
VARIATIONS
VARIATIONS
Skilled players can toss the ball up and hit, or hit a slow pitched ball.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
13
Manipulation activities
striking
Markers.
Trees, balls.
Tees, balls.
Markers.
Four markers spaced out in a line in front of a batting tee to form three goals. A
group of four, one the batter who attempts to hit the ball through the goals. The
centre is worth five points and the others one point. The three fielders are goal
keepers and try to stop the ball before it goes through a goal. Change over
after five hits.
LOOK FOR
A tee at the corner of a right angle with four markers dividing the angle evenly
into three zones.
A batter and three fielders beyond the markers.
The batter nominates the zone where the ball will be hit. The ball must go past
the markers. The batter stays while they are successful in hitting to the
nominated zone. When they miss players rotate.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
14
Manipulation activities
striking
Tees, balls.
Bats.
Markers.
Two parallel lines, markers on the ends and a tee in the centre. Two teams of
four spaced between the respective markers.
Each team in turn tries to hit the ball across their opponents line between the
markers. The ball must hit the ground between the lines. Players bat in turn.
A diamond set out with the tee as home base and three markers as the others.
A container with three balls in it beside the tee. The batter hits the three balls in
quick succession in front of the line then keeps running round the bases until all
three balls are back in the bucket. Each base passed counts as a point. The bat
is dropped beside the bucket before running. Fielders put the balls back in the
bucket as quickly as possible.
LOOK FOR
LOOK FOR
step in to hit.
relaxed horizontal swing.
VARIATIONS
VARIATIONS
Position a fielder safely behind the batter as a backstop. Fielders must throw
the balls to the backstop who is the only person who can put the balls in the
bucket.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
15
Manipulation activities
striking
Racquets/padder bats.
Small balls.
Hoops.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
In pairs.
Who can. . . . ?
drop the ball and hit it a short distance for your partner to catch.
drop it and hit it to bounce to your partner.
hit back and forwards with a bounce between you.
hit into a hoop or between parallel lines between you. How many hits can
you make without missing the hoop or the ball.
find a wall and take alternate hits against it.
hit back and forwards over a net/bench/rope.
alternate forehand and backhand.
LOOK FOR
eyes on ball.
shake hands grip.
side on to direction of hit.
swing straight back, weight on back foot.
swing forward transferring weight on to front foot.
swing with elbow slightly bent and contact the ball slightly in front.
follow through in the direction of the hit.
VARIATIONS
Try different racquets, bats, balls and shuttlecocks, modifying activities to make
them suit.
16
Manipulation activities
striking
A start line, a return line about 3 metres away and a marker 10 metres away.
Players with a racquet/bat lined up behind the start line. First player runs,
bounce dribbling the ball around the marker and back to the return line. They
then stop and bounce hit to the next in line.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
Three balls. Hoops spread out and numbered 10 metres or more from a line. In
pairs a hitter and a retriever. One player stands on the line and bounces and
hits the balls to land in each hoop in turn. Change over after the three balls
have been hit.
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
What is the highest score you can get with three hits.
One shot at each hoop how many
successes.
Use backhand hit.
Put a net, rope or bench between the hitter and the targets.
Use a shuttlecock.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
A racquet/bat each and two balls. Groups of four, two at each end with a
neutral space between. Front player at each end bounce dribbles to the neutral
space, stops, hits the ball across to the other player, then bounce dribbles back
to the waiting player.
LOOK FOR
17
Manipulation activities
striking
Hard area.
Hard area.
Racquets/bats.
Racquets/bats.
Balls.
Balls.
As skill develops reduce the size of the targets and/or increase the distance
between them.
Play doubles taking alternate hits.
Use a table tennis bat and ball or shuttlecock.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
side on to hit.
eyes on ball.
repositioning with every hit.
VARIATIONS
18
Manipulation activities
striking
Hard area.
Hard area.
Hoops.
Racquet/bat.
Racquets/bats.
Ball.
Balls.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Allow 2 outs for a catch on the full and 1 out for a catch on the first bounce.
Play on a table tennis table with the hitter bounce serving and scoring a run
for any ball that hits the other end of the table then hits the floor.
19
Manipulation activities
striking
Racquets or bats.
Small balls.
Balls.
side on positioning.
full backswing and follow through.
VARIATIONS
Use a shuttlecock.
Allow two hits before moving on.
Play on a table tennis table.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
20
Manipulation activities
striking
Bats.
Bats/bat shapes.
Small balls.
Tees or foam blocks.
Groups of five or six with a bat and ball. Player with the bat in the centre of a
circle of the other players. The player with the ball bowls underarm to try and
hit the batter on the legs.
If successful the bowler takes the bat. If unsuccessful, the player fielding the
ball has next bowl.
The batter must keep still with feet together when the ball is bowled.
LOOK FOR
Markers.
VARIATION
Hit through the goals in order from left to right. How many hits needed?
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
21
Manipulation activities
striking
Bats/bat shapes.
Sets of wickets.
Small balls.
Bats.
Markers.
A batting mark and markers set out at intervals in pairs in a funnel shape.
Batter hits several balls between markers and scores runs for the distance
attained.
Fielders attempt to keep the score as low as possible and return the balls to the
keeper. Caught balls do not score. Rotate players.
LOOK FOR
Wickets about 6 10 metres apart. Group of eight ten paired off. Pairs bat
together to try and score more than other pairs.
Each pair faces two overs of six balls. Each fielder bowls one over all bowling
from the same end. Runs are scored by running between the wickets. If a ball
is caught, or a batter run out or bowled, three runs are deducted from that pairs
score. Rotate the players after every two overs.
LOOK FOR
eye on ball.
step to ball.
follow through.
VARIATION
Instead of a tee have a player drop the ball for the hitter or lob the ball to the
hitter.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
22
Manipulation activities
striking
LOOK FOR
Push
Hit
Small balls.
Markers.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Ball can only be hit with the flat side of the stick.
23
Manipulation activities
striking
Hockey sticks.
Small balls.
Markers.
Hoops.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
Groups of four in a square formation, one the leader, two others with a ball, all
with sticks.
One player pushes/hits their ball to the leader who passes it to the player
without a ball. The other player with a ball then passes to the leader who
passes to the person without a ball. Continue, alternating the passes. Change
the leader.
LOOK FOR
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
VARIATIONS
Make the distances shorter for pushes and larger for hits.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
24
Manipulation activities
striking
Hockey sticks.
Small balls.
Hockey sticks.
Markers/hoops.
Small balls.
Chairs.
Groups of three.
Markers in a square, a player beside three of them, one with the ball.
Player 1 pushes/hits to 2 then runs in the opposite direction to the vacant
marker.
Player 2 controls the ball, hits to 3 then runs in the opposite direction to where 1
started.
3 continues by hitting to 1.
Groups of five or six around a circle, chair in the centre. One player with the
ball tries to push/hit the ball under the chair. The player who stops the ball
must pass to another player, who then has a shot at the chair. The sequence of
stopping, passing and shooting continues. How many goals in a set time?
LOOK FOR
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
VARIATIONS
Start slowly to establish the techniques and pattern then speed up. How many
passes in one minute?
Adjust the size of the circle to suit skill level and whether pushing or hitting.
Add a goal keeper to stop goals pushing only.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
25
Manipulation activities
striking
Sticks.
Balls.
Hockey sticks.
Markers.
Small balls.
Team bands/bibs.
Markers set up as a goal in the middle of a level grass or hard area. Two even
teams of about three. Each team is told the side of the goal they must score
from.
One team starts with the ball on their side at a distance from the goal and
attempts to score. When the other team intercepts they work the ball round to
their side to try to score.
After a goal the nonscoring team restarts from their side.
LOOK FOR
safety.
quick passing.
ball kept on ground.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
A defined area with a goal at each end. Three teams of two one team
defending each goal and an attacking team. The attackers start from the centre
and attack one goal. If they score or the ball crosses the goal line or the
defenders gain possession, the defenders take the ball to the centre and attack
the other goal. The previous attackers take over the defence of the vacated goal.
LOOK FOR
use of space.
quick passing and moving.
VARIATIONS
Do not take the ball back to the centre to restart. The new attackers start from
the goal line.
26
K I W IS P O R T
Fundamental Skills
MANIPULATION ACTIVITIES
PASSING & THROWING
Manipulation activities
Activities are generally arranged from the simplest to the most complex.
The activities have been selected with schools specifically in mind but an input of professional
skill and judgement is needed to ensure lively and relevant programmes. Decisions will
need to be made on when and how the activities are used and what modifications are needed
to match age and ability.
The activities also fill a need outside class programmes. They are useful for childrens learning
and play at any time lunch time, after school, sports training, holiday programmes and at
home.
Parents and others who play with children in informal situations should find the ideas
particularly helpful.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
EXPLORING PASSING/THROWING
A wide variety of articles safe to throw all types of balls, bean bags, quoits,
frisbees, plastic containers, light blocks.
Large balls.
Grass or hard area.
Markers.
Group spread out with an article each. Who can throw ...?
in the air with two hands/one hand.
as high as your head.
above your head.
very high.
a different article.
finger grips.
long arm action.
stepping in direction of throw.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
Large balls.
Large balls.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
Groups of three, player 1 between players 2 and 3. 2 and 3 have a ball each.
2 passes the ball to 1 who turns and passes at the target (2 collects the
ball). 3 passes to 1 who turns and passes at the target 3 collects.
Change the player in the centre after about five sequences.
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
Use two different types of balls such as a rugby ball and a netball.
Use any catchable objects.
Designate the pass bounce pass, rugby pass etc.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
Large balls.
fingers spread.
balanced position one foot forward.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
VARIATIONS
LOOK FOR
After a given number of repeats of the pattern the fourth person starts a
new pattern.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
Three children in a line side by side facing the fourth child, 2 3 metres in
front of them holding the ball.
Ball is passed to each in turn.
When number 4 receives the pass they carry the ball around the back of
the team and take number 1s place at the front number 1 chases
number 4 around the back but stops beside number 2 ready to take the
first pass from number 4.
LOOK FOR
fingers spread.
quick catchpass.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
Hall, grass, hard surface a starting line and boundary line 3 to 5 metres apart.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Teams of two or three lined up one behind the other at a starting line
facing a boundary line. Front person with the ball.
First child runs with the ball to the boundary line turns and throws to
Number 2 then returns to the starting line.
Number 2 runs then turns and throws to Number 3.
Number 3 repeats.
Repeat this sequence several times.
LOOK FOR
Manipulation activities
Large balls.
Groups of four to six form a circle, one person in the centre with the ball.
Players walk or jog around the circle.
Centre thrower throws to players as they move.
The thrower can change the direction of the jog or throw in any sequence.
LOOK FOR
continuous running.
fingers spread.
follow through.
VARIATIONS
Try both rugby style running and passing and netball or miniball moving
and passing.
Receive the pass in a gap, return it in the next.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
Large balls.
In groups of four three in a file and the other out front and to one side
facing the same way.
When number 1 taps the ball on the ground number 2 runs, takes a pass
from 1, runs a few paces and returns the pass number 1 then taps for 3
to run while 2 continues on to rejoin the line.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
10
Manipulation activities
Large balls.
Markers.
Large balls.
Teams of six or seven children in a circle with one child at the centre.
1 passes to 2 then runs to the centre.
2 passes to 3 then follows to number 3s place.
3 passes to 1 then goes to centre.
1 passes to 4 then goes to 4s place etc.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
VARIATIONS
11
Manipulation activities
Large balls.
Large balls.
Markers.
Groups of eight with two players at each corner of a marked square. The
front person of one of the opposing pairs with a ball.
Players run diagonally across the grid passing the ball to the first player
in the opposite team who then carries the ball back across and passes.
LOOK FOR
Throw the ball in the air and catch it while running across the grid.
Kick the ball and recover it.
Pass the ball around the body.
With a ball in each corner.
Place the ball down and pick the partner s ball up while running across
the grid.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
12
Manipulation activities
Large ball.
Large balls.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
A marked area.
Two teams one the fielders, spread out in the area the others, the
runners, lined up in pairs behind an end line, the front pair with a ball.
The ball is thrown into the area then the first pair of runners attempt to
run to the end line and back without being hit on the legs with the ball.
Fielders may move freely without the ball but keep one foot still when in
possession. Runners who go up and back without being tagged score a
point for their team.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
LOOK FOR
quick passing.
moving to receive a pass.
passing to a fielder in front of the runners.
LOOK FOR
quick passing.
moving to receive a pass close to the dodger.
balancing the size of the area with the skill of the players.
VARIATIONS
VARIATION
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
13
Manipulation activities
Hard area.
Large balls.
Large ball
Hoop.
Teambands/bibs.
One team spread out in a marked area with markers on corners. Other
team lined up in twos at centre point on one side. One of the first pair in
line throws the ball to land anywhere in the court and then runs round
the markers on the corners. The other team fields the ball then attempts to
tag the second of the pair who has entered the court to dodge,
immediately on the throw. If the runner gets home before the dodger is
tagged that team scores a point, but if the dodger is tagged first the
fielding team score.
The next pair then have their turn.
The dodger can dodge anywhere within the court.
The ball must be held to tag the dodger.
When in possession fielders can move only one foot.
Any other time they can move anywhere.
LOOK FOR
quick passing.
moving to cover the area.
passing ahead of the dodger.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
A marked area (one third netball court), two teams of six to eight, a
throwing line and a target area (hoop).
To start the game, the thrower attempts to land the ball on the full in the
target area. If successful that teams backstop takes possession. If
unsuccessful it goes to the opposing backstop. The teams then move onto
court and the team with possession attempts to tag (with the ball) a
member of the other team. The player in possession may pivot, take one
step and hold the ball for no longer than three seconds. Players apart
from the ball holder may move freely but cannot go outside the area
during play. If the attacking team infringe any of the above or if the ball
touches the ground, the umpire calls CHANGE and possession is taken
by the other team. The ball must be held when a tag is made.
The nonscoring team restarts the game with a toss into the hoop.
LOOK FOR
14
Manipulation activities
Large balls.
Large balls.
The two passing must stay behind lines about 3 metres apart.
Use different balls.
Introduce a maximum number of passes before changing the defender.
Players in threes with a ball in a defined area. Number 1 is the passer and 2
the defender facing 1 in front of 3 the receiver. On a signal from 1, 3
attempts to evade 2 to receive a pass. Have three turns then change round.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
15
Manipulation activities
Large balls.
Large balls.
Hard area.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Group of five to seven round a large marked circle, one player in the centre.
The players forming the circle pass the ball to anyone except the players
next to them. The centre person attempts to intercept. If successful they
change places with the passer. Passes must be below reach level.
LOOK FOR
Increase the pressure by allowing a touch of the ball at any time even
when held by another player count as an interception.
Put two players in the centre.
Change the type of ball.
16
Manipulation activities
Hard area.
Large balls.
Large balls.
Squares with 3 5 metre sides. A group of four at each square. One player
in the centre and the others on a corner.
Number 1 has the ball and passes to either 2 or 3 along the sides of the
square. The receiver then attempts to pass to one of the others on the
corners. Players move to a free corner to receive a pass. Number 4
attempts to intercept and if successful takes the passer s place.
All passes must be along the side of the square.
LOOK FOR
a variety of passes.
feinting to deceive the defender.
quick movement to the vacant corner to take a pass.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
quick passing.
change of direction.
VARIATIONS
17
Manipulation activities
Hard area.
Large ball.
Skittles.
Team bands/bibs.
Two teams of four players with two centres and two goalies on two thirds
of a netball court. Teams try to score by shooting a goal. Play starts with a
throwup in the centre. The team gaining possession attack the goal.
Netball stepping, ball holding, contact, tie ball and obstruction rules
applied with discretion. A permit must be obtained by passing the ball
from the centre third to the goal third before either team can attempt to
score. A permit is lost after an attempted goal or change in possession.
The ball must be passed into the centre third and back to the goal to
obtain a permit.
Goalies may not leave the goal third or centres enter the circle.
A defined area with a 3 to 5 metre circle marked at each end. A skittle in the
centre of each circle.
Two teams each of six to eight players one guard and the others rovers.
From a toss up at the centre the team with possession passes the ball and
attempts to knock down the opponents skittle.
Use Kiwi Netball or MiniBall rules as needed for stepping, ball holding, contact
and obstruction. A free pass for infringements. Rovers may not enter the circle.
LOOK FOR
LOOK FOR
a variety of passes.
passing to a space.
changes of direction.
fair play.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
VARIATION
18
Manipulation activities
Large ball.
Large ball.
Team band.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
Two teams of about eight players on an area about the size of a netball court. A
goaler from one team and a defender from the other at opposite ends behind
the goal line.
On the signal one team passes from the centre line and attempts to score by
making a clear pass to their goaler. They may run anywhere on the court with
or without the ball but a penalty pass is given to the opposition if tagged with
both hands while holding the ball.
After a tag all players must retire 3m from the player taking the penalty pass. A
player must retire to the sideline until a goal is scored, if the ball is kicked or an
opponent is contacted by other than a light touch with both hands. If the ball is
thrown or carried over the sideline the opponents throw in.
Goalers and defenders cannot enter the playing area. If a goaler drops a pass
no goal is scored and a free pass is given to the defender. A goal cannot be
scored directly from a penalty pass. When a point is scored the game is re
started at the centre by the nonscoring team.
using space.
quick passing.
LOOK FOR
using space.
rapid passing.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
19
Manipulation activities
Hard area.
Small balls.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
to a rhyme/jingle/poem/song.
changing direction.
in different places in front/behind/at side.
along lines/round a circle/making shapes/turning.
on the spot.
moving forwards/backwards.
in a circle/on a line/on a bench.
20
Manipulation activities
UNDERARM ROLL
Small balls.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
21
Manipulation activities
UNDERARM ROLL
UNDERARM ROLL
Smooth surface.
Smooth surface.
ball in fingers.
step into roll.
long arm swing.
VARIATION
Play 2 v 2.
Restrict the rollers behind two parallel lines with the interceptor in the
centre.
LOOK FOR
Change the width of the goal and rolling distance to match skill.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
22
Manipulation activities
UNDERARM ROLL
UNDERARM ROLL
Smooth surface.
Smooth surface.
Small balls.
ball in fingers.
step and roll.
follow through.
LOOK FOR
eyes on target.
step and roll.
low release.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
VARIATIONS
23
Manipulation activities
UNDERARM ROLL
UNDERARM THROW
Smooth surface.
Hoops.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
rolling to a space.
field coverage.
VARIATIONS
Change the size of the circuit A, C, B to suit the skill of the players.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
24
Manipulation activities
UNDERARM THROW
UNDERARM THROW
Ball each.
Bucket of water.
Groups of four or five each person with a ball spaced round a bucket of
water. Who can lob their ball into the bucket and make the biggest
splash?
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
VARIATIONS
Float another ball in the bucket and see if you can hit it.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
ball in fingers.
eyes on target.
long arm swing.
step towards target.
25
Manipulation activities
UNDERARM THROW
UNDERARM THROW
Wall.
Buckets/containers.
Beanbags/small balls.
Groups of three or four with a bean bag/ball each along a line facing the wall.
Bucket at the base of the wall.
Players try to bounce the bean bag/ball off the wall to drop it in the
container.
Change places on the line or move the bucket along to try from different
angles.
LOOK FOR
relaxed throws.
length judgement.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
26
Manipulation activities
UNDERARM THROW
OVERARM THROW
Teams of two or three on either side of the grid or facing the wall. One is
the noughts, the other the crosses.
Teams throw alternately (ie. one ball from 0, then one from X), aiming to
score a column, a row or a diagonal of three squares by landing the ball in
the squares.
When a square is hit on the full that team places one of their markers on it.
LOOK FOR
ball in fingers.
side on weight on rear foot.
step on throw.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
eyes on target.
arm to rear and flick towards target.
follow through down and across.
27
Manipulation activities
OVERARM THROW
Small balls.
Markers.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
1 runs to the line with the ball, throws to 2, then goes back behind 3.
2 runs out to the line etc.
Pick Up and Throw
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
ball in fingers.
side on throw.
full arm action.
28
Manipulation activities
OVERARM THROW
OVERARM THROW
Small balls.
Evenly matched pairs with a ball facing each other, equal distance from a
centre line. One throws the ball as far as they can towards the other.
The second person notes where the ball landed, retrieves it and throws
back from there. This continues until the stronger thrower has forced the
other back to the end of the area.Go back and start again.
LOOK FOR
Two teams of six to eight each in the end third of a netball court.
A player attempts to bounce the ball in the centre third and make it cross
the opponents goal line to score a point. Opponents try to intercept and
bounce it back. After a time introduce a second/third ball. Throwers may
move to the line to throw but not into the centre court.
finger grip.
side on throw.
drive through hip, shoulder, arm, elbow, wrist, fingers.
follow through.
VARIATIONS
The throw is returned from where the retriever catches or stops the ball.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
29
Manipulation activities
OVERARM THROW
OVERARM THROW
Small balls.
Small balls.
Large ball.
Hard flat area.
Two teams of three or four each, players with a ball, on lines facing each
other. A pyramid of skittles/cans half way between.
Teams throw from behind their line.
Which team can knock down the pyramid?
Players retrieve balls on their side and continue throwing until the
pyramid is down.
LOOK FOR
sideon throw.
full arm action.
step and follow through.
VARIATIONS
Instead of one pyramid, set up several targets. Which team knocks over most?
If needed, have another player a distance behind each team to retrieve
balls and give them to their team.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
30
Manipulation activities
OVERARM THROW
OVERARM THROW
One small ball, one short bat, six markers, team bands/bibs.
finger grip.
throwing to a space.
accuracy by the fielders.
VARIATIONS
Put a large semicircle round home base. The three thrown balls must
bounce in this area.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
A batting team lined up safely back from the base line. A fielding team scattered
out in the field of play with one as pitcher.
The pitcher lobs to the batter who has an attempt to hit. They then try to score
a run by going to the far line and back. They may wait as long as they like
behind the base line for a chance to run or behind the far line for a chance to
return. The fielders try to put the other team out by hitting them with the ball
while they are running. They may throw the ball to another fielder nearer the
runner in an attempt to do this.
The team is out if:
a runner is hit with the ball.
a hit is caught on the full.
a ball is hit over the sidelines on the full or bounces out before halfway.
a runner goes over the sidelines.
31
Manipulation activities
OVERARM BOWLING
When there is an out the umpire calls (or signals) change and the teams change
over but if a member of the team just put out can retrieve the ball and hit one of
the other team before they are safely behind the baseline or far line they are in
again. This can happen several times.
Fielders may not hold the ball for more then three seconds.
Once a waiting runner puts a foot into the field of play they must run.
When a team is in after a change all players return to where they were
before or if running at the time must go behind the line to start their run
again. The person who was out joins the batting line.
LOOK FOR
accurate throws.
throwing ahead of the runner.
field coverage.
Small balls.
Level grass or hard area.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
eyes on target.
ball gripped with fingers.
straight bowling arm close to ear.
follow through of arm and foot.
32
Manipulation activities
OVERARM BOWLING
OVERARM BOWLING
Small balls.
Small balls.
Hoops.
Ropes.
Markers.
eyes on target.
ball gripped in fingers.
cradlebowlfollow through.
relaxed action.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Groups of four, one person each side of the target behind a bowling mark.
Players on opposite sides of the target are partners.
Each pair has ten bowls to get the largest possible score.
Can you better it next time?
LOOK FOR
VARIATION
Let the bowler bowl from standing or from a run according to skill.
Adjust the size of the grid and the bowling distance to suit skill.
33
Manipulation activities
OVERARM BOWLING
OVERARM BOWLING
Small balls.
Small balls.
Cones.
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
When the right number is hit the bowler immediately earns another turn.
Have a set number of bowls each and see who can get the highest score.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
34
Manipulation activities
OVERARM BOWLING
foot position.
long arm.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
35
K I W IS P O R T
Fundamental Skills
MANIPULATION ACTIVITIES
CATCHING & TRAPPING
Manipulation activities
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
CATCHING
CATCHING
Variety of balls.
A variety of balls.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
LOOK FOR
relaxed fingers pointing up for catches above the waist and down for
catches below.
moving into the path of the ball.
relaxed reach for the ball.
eyes on the ball.
Manipulation activities
CATCHING
CATCHING
In pairs, A with a ball standing on a line at one end of the area, B facing 2
metres away.
The ball is thrown to B and back again.
If successful B takes a step back.
This continues until a catch is missed.
B then takes a step forward.
Who works back to the goal line first or which pair is farthest apart after a
set time?
Pass the first ball (object) zigzag to the last person. Put it on the ground
and start the next ball until all are at one end. Pass them back the same way.
As above but pass the second ball as soon as the second person is ready.
Any ball dropped is left on the ground. How many get to the end?
How long for 20 catches?
Which group is first to make 20 catches without a drop?
How many catches in 30 seconds?
LOOK FOR
LOOK FOR
eyes on ball.
move to path of ball.
reachcatchgive.
VARIATIONS
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
CATCHING
CATCHING
Small/large balls.
Small/large balls.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Adjust the size of the circle to suit the type of ball and skill of the players.
Manipulation activities
CATCHING
CATCHING
A large rubbish bin or similar weighted with water if necessary and one ball
for each group.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
VARIATIONS
Players forming the circle face outward so that they have to turn and
sight the ball before they catch.
Use different types of balls.
Manipulation activities
CATCHING
CATCHING
Small/large balls.
Small/large balls.
Markers.
Four pairs on the corners of a square facing diagonally. The front person
of two opposite pairs with a ball.
A and B roll their ball along the ground to each other, run towards the
other ball, field it and throw at right angles A to D and B to C who repeat
the activity. After throwing the ball players continue to the end of the
opposite line. Minimum of six throws each.
LOOK FOR
The players run to the centre with the ball then throw.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
VARIATIONS
Manipulation activities
CATCHING
CATCHING
Markers.
Balls.
Small balls.
Two teams of five or six, one with a ball, in marked zones 10 metres or
more apart. The ball is thrown to attempt to hit the ground in the
opponents zone.
A point is scored for this or for catching the ball on the full.
LOOK FOR
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
CATCHING
CATCHING
Ball.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
CATCHING
Marked court with a high net or rope. A neutral zone 1m each side of net.
Large/small balls.
VARIATIONS
court coverage.
moving to the path of the ball.
VARIATIONS
Make it compulsory to make two passes before the ball is thrown over the
net. If the ball is dropped it is a point to the opponents.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
10
Manipulation activities
CATCHING RAKAU
CATCHING RAKAU
Long sticks made from rolled newspapers/flax sticks about three quarters the
height of the child.
Music.
Music.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
11
Manipulation activities
TRAPPING
LOOK FOR
Spread out in a defined area with a large ball each or a stick and small ball.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
FOOT TRAPPING
12
Manipulation activities
TRAPPING
TRAPPING
Large balls.
Grass or hard area.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
After the ball is stopped run once round the bus stop before moving on.
Put a ball on each bus stop. Players exchange the balls and move on.
The second player starts when the first reaches stop three.
13
Manipulation activities
TRAPPING
TRAPPING
In pairs with a ball or sticks and a ball at one end of a defined area.
Player 2 slightly ahead of player one.
Player 1 passes to 2 then runs to be slightly ahead of 2.
Player 2 passes to 1 then runs to be slightly ahead. Pass a given number of
times before reaching the other end.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
LOOK FOR
14
Manipulation activities
TRAPPING
TRAPPING
Markers.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
A marked area.
A goal line at each end divided into three goals with markers.
Two teams of six, three as goalies. The other three as rovers.
Start at the centre. A goal can be scored in any of the three goals. After a
goal the nonscoring team takes the ball from their goal line. When a ball
is intercepted the other end is attacked. Change keepers and rovers after
about three minutes. A goal can only be scored below waist height. For
safety use nocontact rules for tackling and dribbling.
LOOK FOR
15
K I W IS P O R T
Fundamental Skills
MANIPULATION ACTIVITIES
BALL CONTROL
Manipulation activities
ball control
BALL CONTROL
The aim of KiwiSport Fundamental Skills is to develop basic sports skills through simple,
enjoyable play activities.
This section contains those which are pertinent to ball control. They are grouped for
Controlling a ball with feet or stick.
Hand dribbling and bouncing.
The activites are generally arranged from the simplest to the most complex.
The activities have been selected with schools specifically in mind but an input of
professional skill and judgement is needed to ensure lively and relevant programmes.
Decisions will need to be made on when and how the activities are used and what
modifications are needed to match age and ability.
The activities also fill a need outside class programmes. They are useful for childrens
learning and play at any time lunch time, after school, sports training, holiday
programmes and at home.
Parents and others who play with children in informal situations should find the
ideas particularly helpful.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
ball control
Markers.
Markers.
LOOK FOR
move the ball with your feet/stick and keep it close to you while standing
still/walking/jogging.
use the inside/outside/top and sole of your feet or turn the stick over to
contact the ball on the other side.
stop the ball and then continue.
change direction.
dribble along a line.
change speed without stopping.
dribble in circles, squares, zig zags etc.
stop and turn in different ways.
VARIATIONS
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
ball control
Markers.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
ball control
LOOK FOR
Freely spaced, everyone with a large ball or stick and small ball in a
defined area.
The players dribble freely. When a number is called they form groups of
that number and dribble in a small circle. They are then told to spread out
and another number is called.
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
using all parts of the feet or using both sides of the stick to guide the ball.
keeping the ball close.
seeing the ball, seeing others.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
ball control
Boundaries are named north, south, east and west. Players freely spaced
with a large ball or stick and ball each. When a direction is called they
dribble that way until the next call. Change the call frequently.
LOOK FOR
stopping the ball with the foot/stick and turning at the markers.
keeping the ball close.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
ball control
A large ball and four markers for each group of four or a stick each, a small ball
and four markers for each group.
Markers set out in a square. A player stands by each one of them, one
with the ball. That player dribbles round the square passing to, and
receiving from, the other players as they go.
Next player then dribbles.
VARIATIONS
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
ball control
A large ball for each four or a stick each and a small ball for each four.
Two teams of four in a marked area about half a netball court with the
marker in the centre.
One team spaced in the area with a ball.
The other team in pairs behind the base line with a ball.
The first pair attempt to dribble their ball around the marker and back.
The team in the square attempts to roll their ball to hit the ball being
dribbled. They must stand still when in possession.
When a hit is made the dribbler who last touched the ball passes it to
their partner and sits down to form an obstacle. If the ball is hit again that
player sits down and the ball is given to the next pair to start. A point is
scored each time a ball is dribbled around the marker and back over the
base line.
passing to a space.
fair play.
VARIATION
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Manipulation activities
ball control
One ball and one hoop per pair or a stick each and a small ball and a hoop per
pair.
Groups of six.
A marked area.
Three players (spiders) each place a hoop (web) in the area and stand in
it. On go the others dribble around the area. The spiders are allowed to
hit/kick the ball away as long as one foot remains in the web. On stop,
stop the ball dead. On go, move in a different direction. On change,
change roles.
LOOK FOR
using both the outside and inside of the foot or turning the stick to touch
the ball on both sides.
see the ball, see others.
keeping the ball close.
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
VARIATIONS
The hoops are placed in a circuit and the dribblers attempt to complete it
without their ball being kicked/hit away.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
controlled turns.
Manipulation activities
ball control
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
LOOK FOR
relaxed fingers.
VARIATION
10
Manipulation activities
ball control
LOOK FOR
relaxed hands.
pushing action with fingers.
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
VARIATIONS
Bounce the ball to a musical rhythm then pass the ball when the music
stops.
11
Manipulation activities
ball control
relaxed dribble.
head up seeing around.
not touching others.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
12
Manipulation activities
ball control
A large ball and a target (ground, wall, container) for each pair.
Hard area.
LOOK FOR:
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
LOOK FOR
eyes on target.
control before speed.
VARIATION
Use a third player to collect the ball and dribble back to the next player.
The player who has just thrown becomes the new collector.
13
Manipulation activities
ball control
LOOK FOR
Along a line.
Around markers.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
14
Manipulation activities
ball control
Hard surface circles, painted on the ground as shown in diagram. Chalk circles
or hoops are an option. The circles about 1m in diameter and 4m apart but
make adjustments according to ability.
The server stands behind number 4 circle and throws the ball to bounce into any
other circle. The ball must be caught after the first bounce by the player covering
that circle. That player then throws to another circle. The game continues until a
player throws the ball outside a circle or drops the ball and is out. When out the
player moves to the waiting line. Incoming players go to circle 1, and others
rotate to fill the gap. The aim is to progress to and stay in circle 4.
Rules
On the line is in.
One step in any direction is allowed from where the ball is caught.
Ball must bounce above knee height.
VARIATIONS
LOOK FOR
Add a rule that the ball must not bounce above head height.
Last player in waiting line may act as an umpire.
Keeping the team small to ensure children get many turns and are not
standing around waiting.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
15
K I W IS P O R T
Fundamental Skills
LOCOMOTION ACTIVITIES
WA L K I N G
Locomotion activities
walking
WALKING
The aim of KiwiSport Fundamental Skills is to develop basic sports skills through simple,
enjoyable play activities.
This section contains those which are pertinent to walking. They are grouped for:
Exploring walking.
Walking to a rhythm.
Walking in water.
The activities are generally arranged from the simplest to the most complex.
The activities have been selected with schools specifically in mind, but an input of
professional skill and judgement is needed to ensure lively and relevant programmes.
Decisions will need to be made on when and how the activities are used and what
modifications are needed to match age and ability.
The activities also fill a need outside class programmes. They are useful for
childrens learning and play at any time lunch time, after
school, sports training, holiday programmes and at
home.
Parents and others who play with children
in informal situations should find the
ideas particularly helpful.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
walking
EXPLORING WALKING
forwards/backwards/sideways.
fast/slow.
on toes/heels.
tall/small/middle.
touching ground markings with the hand.
to a beat or rhythm.
freely/in a circle/zig zag/on a line.
between obstacles/in and out of trees/
around buildings.
up, down and across slopes.
on asphalt/grass.
like mother/father/the dog.
as if in rain/a wind/the dark.
with small and large steps.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
through a hoop.
under a rope.
through a turning rope
in funny ways Who is funniest? Can we
copy?
in a very small area without touching.
in 3, 4, 5 different ways.
LOOK FOR
Locomotion activities
walking
EXPLORING WALKING
EXPLORING WALKING
ACTIVITY 3 SPIRALS
Mark out chalk lines using a variety of pathways, eg. straight, curved, angular.
balance.
walking tall, relaxed.
opposite arm and leg action.
VARIATIONS
Walk fast/slow.
Long/short steps.
Heavy/light.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
walking
EXPLORING WALKING
EXPLORING WALKING
In a defined area.
Teacher or pupil as leader. Children follow the leaders speed, direction, arm
movements, type of walk, march etc.
WALK
LOOK FOR
arm movements to reinforce close link between arm and leg action in comfortable,
relaxed walking.
VARIATIONS
VARIATIONS
Leaders change the pace but may also vary the type of walk.
Alternate walking with some other activity.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
walking
EXPLORING WALKING
EXPLORING WALKING
An outdoor area visible from the starting position, or it can be done indoors on a
smaller scale.
Free formation.
Teacher gives two, three or four activities to do either in the order given or in any
order. Children must listen carefully before moving.
Keep instructions simple for juniors. Extend seniors with more complicated
instructions.
Example 1
Walk to and touch three trees, then walk sideways to the jungle gym, then jog around
the jungle gym and back home.
Example 2
Walk to and touch three trees, walk along two sides of the netball court, walk to the
nearest fence, jog back home.
LOOK FOR
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
walking
EXPLORING WALKING
EXPLORING WALKING
Suitable music.
Ribbons.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
head up.
all round vision.
co-ordinated arm and leg action.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
walking
EXPLORING WALKING
WALKING TO A RHYTHM
Blindfolds.
Cones, rope, milk containers,
empty drink containers etc.
balance.
safety factors no collisions.
best use of space.
VARIATIONS
LOOK FOR
Use empty drink cans as obstacles (eggs). When a can is knocked over an
egg is broken. How few are broken?
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
walking
WALKING TO A RHYTHM
ACTIVITY 12 MARCHING ON
LOOK FOR
THE
SPOT
A rhythm instrument/s.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
VARIATIONS
Locomotion activities
walking
WALKING TO A RHYTHM
ACTIVITY D
ACTIVITY G
LOOK FOR
LOOK FOR
Amall steps.
Having fun.
Using arms to balance.
VARIATIONS
ACTIVITY B
LOOK FOR
ACTIVITY E
LOOK FOR
LOOK FOR
LOOK FOR
ACTIVITY I
Balance.
Steady movement.
ACTIVITY F
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
10
K I W IS P O R T
Fundamental Skills
LOCOMOTION ACTIVITIES
RUNNING
Locomotion activities
running
RUNNING
The aim of KiwiSport Fundamental Skills is to develop basic sports skills through simple,
enjoyable play activities.
This section contains those which are pertinent to running. They are grouped for:
Running efficiently.
Dodging, swerving, evading.
Quick starting.
Sustained running.
Changing pace.
Running in shallow water.
The activities are generally arranged from the simplest to the most complex.
The activities have been selected with schools specifically in mind but an input of
professional skill and judgement is needed to ensure lively and relevant
programmes. Decisions will need to be made on when and how the activities
are used and what modifications are needed to match age and ability.
The activitites also fill a need outside class programmes. They are useful
for childrens learning and play at any time lunch time, after
school, sports training, holiday programmes and at home.
Parents and others who play with children in informal
situations should find the ideas particularly helpful.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
running
RUNNING EFFICIENTLY
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
feeling light.
sounding quiet.
feeling tall.
innovation by children.
Locomotion activities
running
RUNNING EFFICIENTLY
RUNNING EFFICIENTLY
ACTIVITY 16 FOLLOW ME
Spread out in a defined area with Kiri identified. Kiri calls instructions to
the group. If the instruction begins with Kiri says the group do what is
said. If the instruction does not begin with Kiri says they continue as they
were doing. How few mistakes can you make? Kiri may ask the students to
run quickly, slowly, heavily, or lightly, with short or long strides, with a
forward body lean, upright, in pairs or groups, with straight legs or arms
etc.
LOOK FOR
running tall/relaxed.
opposite arm and leg action.
eyes open not touching others.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
running
RUNNING EFFICIENTLY
RUNNING EFFICIENTLY
ACTIVITY 17 MIDNIGHT
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
LOOK FOR
run tall, arms bent and relaxed. Drive arms and knees up to increase speed
again.
VARIATIONS
Locomotion activities
running
RUNNING EFFICIENTLY
ACTIVITY 19 HALF
AND
RUNNING EFFICIENTLY
HALF RELAYS
Hall, grass, hard surface, a starting line and a boundary line 3-8 metres apart.
Children in fours two at the starting line and two at the boundary line facing
each other.
1 runs to tag 2 and stays there.
2 runs to tag 3 and stays there.
3 runs to tag 4 and stays there.
Repeat until all children are back where they started.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Children in groups of three or four lined up one behind the other all facing
the boundary line.
1, the Fireman, takes 2s hand, runs with them to the boundary line, leaves 2
there and runs back to 3.
1 now takes 3 over to the other side, then 4 all team members are now
opposite where they started.
2 now takes each person in turn back to the other side.
Repeat this sequence until all members have had a turn at being fireman.
LOOK FOR
Locomotion activities
running
RUNNING EFFICIENTLY
RUNNING EFFICIENTLY
No equipment.
Children in teams of four to six spaced around area. Top couple in each team
make an arch (city gate). On signal the others in the teams have to run through
their own gate and through the other teams gates. The first team back (lined
up) to its starting point is the winner.
LOOK FOR
When the runners arrive back, the first two in each team make a new gate, the
others continue on round the circuit with the ones who made the original gate
joining on the back. Continue until all have made a gate.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Teams of four to six lined up in single file all facing the same way, a marker
cone or line a distance in front of and behind the team.
4 starts and runs forwards, around the front marker, back alongside the team,
around the back marker and back around the circuit again.
As 4 passes 1 for the second time the whole team follows in order around the
front cone, down and around the back cone and back to their places.
3 is now the back person and becomes the new runner.
Repeat until everyone has had a turn.
LOOK FOR
Locomotion activities
running
ACTIVITY 23 DODGEMS
Groups of four in each square. One member has a ball. That person runs to tag others.
Once tagged the ball changes hands to the new tagger.
LOOK FOR
LOOK FOR
VARIATION
all-round vision.
quick changes of direction.
balance.
VARIATION
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
running
Suitable surface.
Streamers.
Cones.
Cones.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
In a marked area.
Each person holding a streamer they weave in and out each other and keep the
streamer floating.
LOOK FOR
rapid turns.
safety when turning.
VARIATIONS
When children meet someone they quickly pivot and run in another
direction.
In small groups follow the leader.
LOOK FOR
placing foot firmly on ground and pivoting on the ball of the foot.
using arms to keep balance.
looking for space after the pivot.
VARIATION
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
running
Marked circle/s.
Large balls, not too hard.
quick reactions.
balance.
light bounces.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
In groups of six or seven, one player in the centre of a marked circle, the others
round the outside. The player in the middle tries to keep away from the ball.
Players on the outside of the circle try to hit the centre player below the knees.
They can pass anywhere to catch the centre player unaware. Each person has a
turn in the centre.
VARIATIONS
LOOK FOR
fast passes to keep the player in the middle swerving and turning.
VARIATION
Have several players in the centre. When a person is hit, that player and the
thrower change places.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
10
Locomotion activities
running
Defined area.
Open area.
Two of the three run away and the other is the tagger. When one is caught they
both try to tag the last person.
balanced running.
start slowly then speed up.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
11
Locomotion activities
running
ACTIVITY 31 FOX
ACTIVITY 32 BUMP
AND
GEESE
Suitable surface.
Children in groups of four or five. One person is the fox, the others are the
geese and stand in a line holding onto the waist of the person in front.
The fox tries to tag the last person in the line. The geese move around to avoid
the fox and keep their last person safe. If the line is broken the one who lets go
takes the place of the fox. If the last player is tagged by the fox they take the
foxs place.
LOOK FOR
working as a team.
VARIATIONS
As a class two or three children are foxes and the remainder of the class are in
linked lines of four or five geese. Foxes may move about the area trying to tag
the last child in any line.
One runner and one tagger. The others link arms in pairs spaced out in a
defined area and stand still. The tagger tries to catch the runner. To escape, the
runner can link on to any pair to make a three. The person on the other side is
then bumped off and becomes the new runner. If the runner is tagged by the
chaser, these two change roles.
LOOK FOR
frequent bumps.
balance.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
12
Locomotion activities
running
QUICK STARTING
ACTIVITY 33 RADISHES
QUICK STARTING
AND
RAISINS
Children in two teams lined up on each side of a mid-line. One team called
Radishes, the other called Raisins.
When teacher calls Radishes the children in that team run to the safety of their
own end line, while the Raisins chase them.
If tagged they join the other teams line. Both teams return to the central line.
When teacher calls Raisins, the Raisins team run to their safety line chased by
Radishes. The game ends when one group has caught all the other team.
Teacher can roll the R at the beginning of each word call to hold the teams for
a few seconds in anticipation.
LOOK FOR
explosive starts.
head up for safety.
VARIATION
Select other group names beginning with the same letter or sound.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
13
Locomotion activities
running
QUICK STARTING
QUICK STARTING
Children in pairs. One sitting 2-5 metres in front of the other facing a finishing
line 10-15 metres away. On a signal they both jump up and run to the line with
the back runner trying to catch the front runner. Change over and repeat several
times.
LOOK FOR
DURING THE ACTIVITY
Children spaced along a line, one foot forward, slightly bent knees, weight over
front foot, both arms bent with opposite arm to front foot forward.
When all are ready Go or a clap. All take off and run for about 5 metres
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
Vary the signal for children to respond to, eg. clap, two blocks.
Lie full length on face/back.
Vary the distances.
VARIATION
Introduce On your marks- stand with one toe on the line and other back. Set
take up the position above. Go.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
14
Locomotion activities
running
SUSTAINED RUNNING
SUSTAINED RUNNING
An area with ground markings such as a netball court, a hall with court lines or a
rugby/soccer field. Use cones or marker pegs if no lines are available.
Balls, hoops
steady running.
fair play.
LOOK FOR
steady pace.
safety when turning.
VARIATION
Change the activity, eg. run on the way to the line, skip on the way back.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
VARIATIONS
To involve greater numbers of children decrease the size of the groups, add
more balls.
Call a new number at any time to replace the runners. Anyone with a ball in
their hand may take it back to their nest.
15
Locomotion activities
running
SUSTAINED RUNNING
SUSTAINED RUNNING
ACTIVITY 40 DESTINATIONS
Open playground.
Long course or a circuit around the school or school block measured to the nearest
100 metres.
Set up an obstacle course using available equipment. Students run the course in
a variety of ways (clockwise, anticlockwise, in pairs or groups or in a set time).
Include different surfaces (grass, hard, sand, wood chips, uphill, downhill).
Depending on ability shorten or lengthen the course.
safety factors.
steady pace.
VARIATION
LOOK FOR
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
For a class activity the total distance for each class could be added together and
recorded.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
16
Locomotion activities
running
SUSTAINED RUNNING
ACTIVITY 41 COLOUR
SUSTAINED RUNNING
OR
NUMBER RUN
ACTIVITY 42 LEADER OF
THE
PACK
A marked course.
School grounds or an area where children can move safely outside the school grounds
especially across country, eg. a farm, reserve or park.
Children set off on a short course. The first one third of children home are given
a blue card, second third home a green card, the final third home a yellow card.
Next day the third (yellow) group goes first, then the second (green) group and
lastly the first ( blue) group.
Children can run/walk if they wish.
The aim is to have all children arrive home at a similar time.
LOOK FOR
VARIATION
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
17
Locomotion activities
running
CHANGING PACE
CHANGING PACE
ACTIVITY 44 INTERVALS
A running track or a lengthways course such as a rugby field or netball court. If using
an oval course, divide it into four equal sections with cones. If using a rectangular
field place a cone or marker at each corner.
Marker cones.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
relaxation.
avoiding others.
VARIATIONS
Teacher/child beats ten. Rest of group find out how far they can walk in this
time. Repeat but with jogging/running.
Explain that intervals involve moving a short distance at a fast pace, followed
by a short distance slower, during which time they can get their breath back,
ready to speed up again. Begin with the slow section then when they reach the
cone they speed up. Repeat the cycle for as long as desired.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
18
Locomotion activities
running
CHANGING PACE
Leaders change the pace but may also vary the type of activity, eg. skipping,
zigzag running.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
19
K I W IS P O R T
Fundamental Skills
LOCOMOTION ACTIVITIES
JUMPING
Locomotion activities
jumping
JUMPING
The aim of KiwiSport Fundamental Skills is to develop basic sports skills through simple,
enjoyable play activities.
This section contains those which are pertinent to jumping. They are grouped for:
Exploring jumping.
Jumping for distance.
Jumping for height.
Jumping to rhythms and patterns.
Springing.
Skipping.
Skipping with ropes.
Jumping in water.
The activities are generally arranged from the simplest to the most complex.
The activities have been selected with schools specifically in mind but an input of
professional skill and judgement is needed to ensure lively and relevant programmes.
Decisions will need to be made on when and how the activities are used and what
modifications are needed to match age and ability.
The activities also fill a need outside class programmes. They are useful for childrens
learning and play at any time lunch time, after school, sports training, holiday
programmes and at home.
Parents and others who play with children in informal situations should find the
ideas particularly helpful.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
jumping
EXPLORING JUMPING
EXPLORING JUMPING
Smooth surface.
Footwear recommended.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
jump lightly.
jump quietly.
bend knees slightly on landing.
spring from ankles and toes.
jump tall.
Class stands along a line with one or more cats out in front with backs
turned.
Children chant Big A, little A while stretching tall then crouching
Bouncing B jumping on the spot Cats in the cupboard and cant see
me as they creep up to the cats. On me the cats turn and chase the
others back to the line, trying to catch as many as they can.
LOOK FOR
fun.
jump lightly.
jump quietly.
VARIATION
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
jumping
EXPLORING JUMPING
EXPLORING JUMPING
In a circle a chosen child starts jumping any way they like saying This is
the way Jenny (Jimmy) jumps. The remainder then copy both the words
and the jump.
During this, the first jumper nominates the next jumper who repeats the
words and jumps in a different way.
Make the action continuous.
LOOK FOR
a variety of jumps.
springing from ankles and toes.
VARIATION
If changing partners is too difficult keep both hands joined, slide two
steps clockwise then the outside circle moves on one or change the last
verse to then we stop with our partner and we jump Jim Crow.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
jumping
EXPLORING JUMPING
DISTANCE
ACTIVITY 52 SHARK!
Flat surface.
Hoops.
Footwear recommended.
In a defined area.
Without touching others Can you jump......?
one foot to the other foot.
one foot to the same foot.
one foot to two feet.
two feet to one foot.
two feet to two feet.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
jumping
ACTIVITY 54 HOPSCOTCH
LOOK FOR
LOOK FOR
balance.
look ahead.
balance.
cushioned landings.
VARIATIONS
VARIATION
Make a large dice with 1, 2 and 3 on opposite sides. Throw this and call the
numbers.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Hop with hands behind your back, on top of head, on hips, in various
other positions.
In pairs one starts from each end.
Locomotion activities
jumping
ACTIVITY 55 HOP TO IT
Flat surface.
hop lightly.
use arms to assist lift.
hop tall.
keeping distances short.
Measure your height on the ground using a marker. See if you can jump
in different ways and reach your height.
Which is the easiest way to do this?
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
jumping
HEIGHT
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
legs give.
Try different jumps. Jump backwards, sideways,off one foot. Land on one
foot/two feet.
Hold the hoop overhead.
The jumper tries to jump up and touch the hoop.
Place hoops in a line or a formation (square, weaving line, triangle etc)
close together, at different heights.
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
jumping
ACTIVITY 60 JUMPING ON
AND
OFF BENCHES
Benches in circuit.
Children in waves of three or four.
Leap up and onto bench, two feet take-off and two feet landing.
Leap onto bench, one foot take-off.
Leap off bench, two feet landing.
Use scissor action over a low cane or rope at mid-calf level.
Jump scissor action over several low canes or ropes in a row.
Increase heights gradually.
For hesitant children, hold hands as they attempt to jump.
LOOK FOR
upright trunk.
land tall.
practise from both sides.
leg closest to obstacle swings up and forward first.
keep head upright.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
Locomotion activities
jumping
Ropes.
Grass or hard area.
Markers, chairs, broom handles, softball bases, benches, crash mats, hoops or
drawn circles, low stage or platform.
A level well-grassed space, indoor space.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
Using the above equipment ideas or those of your own, set up jumping
stations. The children jump for height over, onto or across the pieces of
equipment. Work in pairs and spend approximately two three minutes
at each station.
Vary take-offs and landings from one foot to other, one foot to same, one
foot to both, twist in mid-air. If obstacles are long enough, more than one
child can clear the same obstacle at the same time.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
LOOK FOR
height in jumping.
soft landings.
clear space for landing.
LOOK FOR
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
10
Locomotion activities
jumping
SPRINGING
Flat surface.
Drum or other rhythm instrument.
Music.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
Change the speed, the type of jump, the patterns (rhythmical and floor),
the rhythm instruments.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
11
Locomotion activities
jumping
SPRINGING
SPRINGING
ACTIVITY 66 SPRING
FROM
HANDS
AND
FEET
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
12
Locomotion activities
jumping
SPRINGING
SPRINGING
Stable obstacles of varied heights eg. beatboards, low boxes, benches, foam
squares, elastic, flexicord, hoops.
Children run four beats, then place hands on box top or beam (etc). and
spring off feet for four beats
legs straight
legs side to side with each beat
LOOK FOR
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
13
Locomotion activities
jumping
SKIPPING
Rhythm instrument.
Skipping music.
Suitable surface.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
lightly/heavily.
in (three) different ways.
following/beside a partner.
to the music.
happily/angrily/sadly.
tightly/loosely.
with big arm movements.
your own little dance alone/with a partner.
LOOK FOR
14
Locomotion activities
jumping
SKIPPING
SKIPPING
In a defined area three couples with inside hands joined are the taggers.
Everyone skips.Taggers keep hands joined and chase the free players. If
tagged, the free player replaces the one who tagged. Continue for several
minutes.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
15
Locomotion activities
jumping
SKIPPING
SKIPPING
Rhythm instrument.
Grass, hard or indoor area.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
LOOK FOR
Change the circle size to make the game easier or more difficult.
Skip to music.
LOOK FOR
Keep the Blob of Four until a fifth person is tagged then have the Blob
break down to a three and a two.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
16
Locomotion activities
jumping
Running steps with knees up, heels up or hopping on alternate feet use
any suitable activities under the basic jump.
Skipping with a partner one rope activities as above, turning the rope
forwards or backwards.
Smooth surface.
Rope for each person.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
LOOK FOR
VARIATION
17
Locomotion activities
jumping
Long ropes.
Suitable surface.
Children in lines of about six lined up across the width of the area being
used, all facing the direction of travel.
First line skips to the end of the area. Each line follows as children get to
the end they jog back around the sides of the area and line up again.
If the area is very large the children may be able to freely move rather
than in the lines described above.
Running step one a running leg action with one turn of the rope for
every step. Left over rope turn-right over rope-turn etc.
Running step two running leg action but both feet step for each turn.
The run is like a leap. Left, right over rope turn left, right over rope
turn etc or right, left over rope turn etc.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
18
Locomotion activities
jumping
LOOK FOR:
LOOK FOR
keeping on toes.
rhythmical rope turning.
VARIATIONS:
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
LOOK FOR
19
K I W IS P O R T
Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
rotation
ROTATION
The aim of KiwiSport Fundamental Skills is to develop basic sports skills through
simple, enjoyable play activities.
This section contains those which are pertinent to rotation. They are grouped for:
Exploring rotation
Turning and rotating around the long axis
Forward and backward rotation.
Exploring sideways rotation.
Rotation with equipment.
The activities are generally arranged from the simplest to the most complex.
The activities have been selected with schools specifically in mind but an input of
professional skill and judgement is needed to ensure lively and relevant
programmes. Decisions will need to be made on when and how the activities are
used and what modifications are needed to match age and ability.
The activities also fill a need outside class programmes. They are useful for
childrens learning and play at any time lunch time, after school, sports training,
holiday programmes and at home.
Parents and others who play with children in informal situations should find the
ideas particularly helpful.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
rotation
EXPLORING ROTATION
VARIATIONS
Add music.
Can you? or Who can? turn/spin/rotate like a merry go round/
top/rolling log/drill/clothes line etc.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
LOOK FOR
EXPLORING ROTATION
Locomotion activities
rotation
Hoops, music.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
In free formation children are given the problem Can you be like . . . ?
and turn a quarter/half/three quarter/full turn/several turns, eg.
a screwdriver turning a screw.
a revolving clothesline.
a revolving door.
a washing machine.
a merry-go-round.
a post-hole borer.
a helicopter rotor.
One or two less hoops than the number of children are scattered in a
defined area.
Children run freely around the hoops. When the music stops the children
jump into the hoops and do a 90 o, 180o, 270o turn according to what is
called out, then proceed to run around the hoops. Only one person is
allowed in each hoop at one time. Each time a hoop is removed. Those
who cannot get into a hoop move to the outside of the area. They
continue to run and turn as called but stay outside the area.
LOOK FOR
turning tall.
change of focal point. Look to side 90 o, 180o, 270o.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
rotation
Grass, floor.
AND
OUTS
Freely spaced.
Rotate/spin around on:
your bottom (hands/no hands).
your stomach.
your back.
tall like a flag pole.
What effect does extending/moving your legs out have?
What happens when you tuck/hold your body in close?
Reduce friction/surface area to enhance speed of rotation.
LOOK FOR
change of focus.
balance.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
rotation
quick pivot turn on the balls of the feet, 1/4 1/2 turn only.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
rotation
Spaced freely.
Individually or with a partner roll with long stiff bodies:
one way then the other.
uphill/downhill.
slowly/quickly.
under a rope or beam.
along a line.
LOOK FOR
Add more children to the conveyor belt and as the child being
conveyed passes they quickly get up and add themselves to the
front of the belt.
VARIATION
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
How far can they travel and keep the child on the belt.
Locomotion activities
rotation
VARIATIONS
On level surface.
Rolling onto crash pads.
Forward roll on box top.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
rotation
FROM
SIDE TO SIDE
From sitting on top of slope, roll backwards with hands cupping the back
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Freely spaced, standing feet astride, arms sideways rock from side to side.
Sitting feet together and cross legged, hold feet and tilt from side to side
then rock.
Extend to rock from one side to the other coming up into sitting position.
Sit astride a cylinder or rolled mat rock from side to side. How long can
you stay on?
LOOK FOR
controlled movement.
carrying head in neutral position.
Locomotion activities
rotation
VARIATIONS
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
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Locomotion activities
swinging
SWINGING
The aim of KiwiSport Fundamental Skills is to develop basic sports
skills through simple, enjoyable play activities.
This section contains those which are pertinent to swinging.
They are generally arranged in order from the simplest to the
most complex.
The activities have been selected with schools specifically in mind
but an input of professional skill and judgement is needed to
ensure lively and relevant programmes. Decisions will need to be
made on when and how the activities are used and what
modifications are needed to match age and ability.
The activities also fill a need outside class programmes. They are
useful for childrens learning and play at any time lunch time,
after school, sports training, holiday programmes and at home.
Parents and others who play with children in informal situations
should find the ideas particularly helpful.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
11
Locomotion activities
swinging
Grass or floor.
Suitable music.
Join one hand with a partner and see how many ways you
can swing them.
How else can you swing in pairs?
Try Wash the dishes.
Who can make up a swinging sequence?
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
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relaxed swings.
rhythmical movements.
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Locomotion activities
swinging
SWINGING ON EQUIPMENT
Safety mats.
Arm, shoulder and hand warm up.
Safety procedures established.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
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Locomotion activities
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
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K I W IS P O R T
Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
landing
LANDING
The aim of KiwiSport Fundamental Skills is to develop basic sports skills through
simple, enjoyable play activities.
This section contains those which are pertinent to landing. They are grouped for:
Landing on various body parts
Landing in water
The activities are generally arranged from the simplest to the most complex.
The activities have been selected with schools specifically in mind but an input of
professional skill and judgement is needed to ensure lively and relevant
programmes. Decisions will need to be made on when and how the activities are
used and what modifications are needed to match age and ability.
The activities also fill a need outside class programmes. They are useful for
childrens learning and play at any time lunch time, after school, sports training,
holiday programmes and at home.
Parents and others who play with children in informal situations should find the
ideas particularly helpful.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
landing
Variety of landing surfaces, eg, grass, sand, tar seal, wooden floor, mats, carpet.
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K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
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Locomotion activities
landing
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K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
landing
SPEED
Slope or ramps.
AT
SPEED
Roll from one square (or circle) diagonally forward to the next.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
turn head and look to one side, bring knees to that side close to ears.
look at knees as they come over.
arms out like outriggers.
slowly first, then increase speed.
landing surfaces safe and even.
Locomotion activities
landing
Safety procedures.
landing surfaces.
awareness of others.
correct techniques.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
landing
LANDING IN WATER
In the aquatic environment, landings are termed entries and children should become
competent with a range depending on water conditions. Some entries should be
restricted to known shallow water, while others are suited to known deep water.
Where water depth is unknown, shallow water entries only should be used.
All landings should be with both feet together absorbing contact with toes and
the balls of the feet.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
AND
PULLING
LOOK FOR
large balls.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
From standing still bend knees, then jump to balance in high stance/
upwards/forwards/sideways/backwards.
From standing still in various positions, run five or six steps, uphill, through
sand or water, vary height/stride length/dynamics (run low, long, high,
slowly, lightly etc).
Move like animals.
Snakes lie on backs on slippery surface and push along with the feet.
Bunny hops (hands and feet).
Elephant in the mud.
Kangaroos.
Push to change direction while moving.
Run, jump and turn (in the air).
Zigzag run slalom course/obstacle course.
Run forward backward forward.
Free running. When you meet someone push off the left (right) foot to
pass them.
WITH THE
LEGS
AND
FEET
LOOK FOR
initiating the push with the thighs, then down through the ankles to the toes.
strong foot position.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
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Locomotion activities
AND
PULLING
Tow Truck place a piece of cardboard or a hoop on the floor. In pairs one
stands on this holding the end of a rope. The other takes the other end and
tries to slowly pull them off it.
Water Ski child stands on a sack/old sweatshirt/plastic.
Two others pull the child sitting/kneeling/standing. Using a rope. Straight
line pulls only.
Sawing Logs partners face, one foot forward. Hand grasp with elbows
high. As one arm is pulled back, the other is extended well forward.
Following a number of movements (5-10) feet are changed.
Chainsaws
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
See Saws
Children in pairs.
Even sizes.
Free spacing.
Children face each other and hold
hands. One child stands while the
other crouches down.
The standing child helps pull their
partner up and at the same
time,crouches down. Lean back
slightly.
Repeat several times.
Pedal Power
Children in pairs.
Free spacing.
Children sit facing each other or sit,
leaning on their elbows for support.
Each partner places the soles of their feet against their partners knees
remain partly bent throughout.
Push against the partners feet alternating legs with partners one
bent, one straightening.
Try different ways of pushing.
Push hard and fast for 20 counts then slowly for 20 counts.
Double pushes in each position ie. two counts before changing leg position.
Try combinations eg. double push, double push, single, single, single, single.
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Locomotion activities
Suitable surface.
Teach wrist grasp.
Hopping Push
Partners face, hands on shoulders, one
foot raised. Push opponent back over
line while hopping. Signal change of
feet frequently.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
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Locomotion activities
Foot Tug
Hooking foot to foot, opponents
try to pull each other across a
line.
Hoop Wrestle
Two hoops are placed so that
they touch. Each contestant
stands in a hoop and places
hands on opponents shoulders. They wrestle until one is forced outside the
hoop. Skipping ropes, chalk circles,or parallel lines could be used.
Ball Tug
Partners face and both grip a large ball
then try to pull each other across a line.
Indian Wrestle
Partners lie face down, facing each
other they grip their right/left hands
with elbows on the ground and
forearms upright. They try to make the
back of their partners hand touch the
ground.
Chest Wrestling
Wrestlers start on their knees, with their arms out sideways and chests in
contact. Each partner tries to push the other outside a pre-determined area.
Obstinate Mule
One on all fours, other
standing facing. Fingers linked
round back of partners head,
try to slowly pull partner
forward
.
LOOK FOR
Sitting Wrestle
Sitting back to back, legs astride, arms linked,
try to force partners left/right shoulder to the floor.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
13
Locomotion activities
AND
PULLS
IN
SMALL GROUPS
Zig Zag Tug of War
Suitable surface.
Teach grips.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
Hot Spot
Two lines of three or four facing with each person taking a wrist grip with
two people facing. Each line attempts to pull the other line to a mark.
VARIATION
Tie a long rope into a circle and the players pull the rope.
Socko
Place four or five gym mats together. Self chosen groups of six or seven
children wearing socks. Try and remove the socks of other participants and
keep possession of their own socks.
Set clear rules on the degree of roughness allowed. Allow anyone to
withdraw or call stop at any time. No kicking.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Knees slightly bent, one pair of opposites lean in, others lean back.
Change positions rhythmically.
LOOK FOR
safety.
fair competition.
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K I W IS P O R T
Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
balance
BALANCE
The aim of KiwiSport Fundamental Skills is to develop basic sports skills through simple,
enjoyable play activities.
This section contains those which are pertinent to balance. They are grouped for:
They are in skill groupings and generally arranged from the simplest to the most
complex.
The activities have been selected with schools specifically in mind but an input of
professional skill and judgement is needed to ensure lively and relevant programmes.
Decisions will need to be made on when and how the activities are used and what
modifications are needed to match age and ability.
The activities also fill a need outside class programmes. They are useful for childrens
learning and play at any time lunch time, after school, sports training, holiday
programmes and at home.
Parents and others who play with children in informal situations should find the
ideas particularly helpful.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
balance
Benches.
Even giving surfaces.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
balance
ACTIVITY 79 FREEZE
ACTIVITY 80 CONNECT IT
quick reaction.
using space.
stable balances.
VARIATION
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
On whistle, pairs connect the body parts called by the teacher, eg.
two feet would be one foot from each person.
Locomotion activities
balance
Symbols
LOOK FOR
Work in pairs.
Children work in groups and verbally give a puzzle for the others.
Examples of cards
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
balance
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Safety:
suitable surface.
sufficient arm strength for body support.
pairs matched for height and weight.
weight and support not on lower back or neck.
slow control when engaging and disengaging.
an understanding of the principles of stability, ie. a broad base, a low
centre of gravity, an understanding of counter balancing.
Locomotion activities
balance
Grass or mats.
Teach landings.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
Matched pairs, one kneels on all fours and the partner lies on their
back on top. The kneeling person then moves round.
LOOK FOR
In threes, two kneel on all fours facing the same way and a short distance
apart. The stretcher lies across these two and they then move in unison.
LOOK FOR
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
balance
A team of six to eight at each end of the court, spaced out kneeling/
sitting.
The court size should be adjusted to suit the number in the team. The
distance between players is that finger tips can touch when they reach
towards each other.
The balloon is hit from player to player until it can be hit over the net. A
point is gained when the balloon hits the floor in the opponents court or
the opponents hit out of court.
Allow any number of hits strike the balloon with any part of the body
feet, head.
For beginners allow the balloon to be caught before it is hit.
LOOK FOR
stable base.
VARIATIONS
Five legs. Children in threes (as in diagram), outside partners join hands
under centre childs lifted leg. Centre child holds shoulders of outside
children swap positions until all have had a turn in the middle.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
balance
DYNAMIC BALANCE
DYNAMIC BALANCE
Teach landings.
DURING THE ACTIVITY
Spread the equipment out and ask the children Who can .....? or allow
them to experiment.
LOOK FOR
Increase height.
Change direction.
Vary locomotor movement.
Add a turn.
Make a sequence.
Work with a partner.
Add a ball, hoop, ribbon ball and hold, throw, bounce and catch,
move in patterns.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Locomotion activities
balance
DYNAMIC BALANCE
INVERTED BALANCE
ACTIVITY 89 HOPPO
Teach the balances then set up a circuit for the children to move round.
Stress safety procedures.
Tripod Balance.
LOOK FOR
Children in pairs standing on one leg facing each other, arms folded
across chest.
Partners try to put each other off balance by hopping and bumping.
Change legs frequently.
LOOK FOR
Both partners stand in a marked area such as one square of a four square
grid each tries to bump and manoeuvre the other over the boundary.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Handstands.
Walk up a wall backwards.
Against a wall.
From a desk/box.
With support from partner.
LOOK FOR
straight arms.
middle finger points slightly inwards.
minimal arch in back.
tight body.
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Locomotion activities
balance
AND
HANGS
Teach the activities, then set up a circuit for the children to move round,
either individually or in small groups. Teach or revise landings first.
Front support.
LOOK FOR
Stride.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
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Locomotion activities
balance
BALANCING IN WATER
Make sure they know how to regain their feet before starting the
activities.
BALANCING IN WATER
When gliding, move from front to back lying positions and vice versa.
Progress from a front glide to stationary float, then to back lie in the
opposite/same direction.
When moving to the opposite direction, legs should swing under the
body.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
12
Locomotion activities
climb
CLIMBING
The aim of KiwiSport Fundamental Skills is to develop basic sports
skills through simple, enjoyable play activities.
This section contains those which are pertinent to climbing.
They are generally arranged in order from the simplest to the
most complex.
The activities have been selected with schools specifically in mind
but an input of professional skill and judgement is needed to
ensure lively and relevant programmes. Decisions will need to be
made on when and how the activities are used and what
modifications are needed to match age and ability.
The activities also fill a need outside class programmes. They are
useful for childrens learning and play at any time lunch time,
after school, sports training, holiday programmes and at home.
Parents and others who play with children in informal situations
should find the ideas particularly helpful.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
13
Locomotion activities
climb
CLIMBING
Smooth surface.
Horizontal Ladder
On all fours move along a drawn ladder or a horizontally placed ladder and
rescue the teddy or doll etc at the end. Fireman Rescue.
Set up a circuit and the children move around as individuals or in small groups.
LOOK FOR
Hoops, ladder, steps, hand and foot cut outs or animal prints.
Mirror Games
In pairs one person does an arm or leg action and the other mirrors this
action. How fast can you move?
Alternate the initiator.
Climbing Steps
Make steps from equipment or use existing steps with cut out hand/foot
shapes and move over them with hand/foot crawling action.
Hoop Patterns
Set up a trail of hoops and children follow on all fours, placing only one
hand or foot in a hoop at a time.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
14
Locomotion activities
climb
CLIMBING
ACTIVITY 94 CLIMBING
ON
EQUIPMENT
Vertical Ropes
From sitting on the floor pull up hand over hand to standing, then lower
hand over hand to sitting.
Horizontal ladders.
Move along on all fours.
Move like animals.
Face downwards and upwards.
Jungle gym and similar equipment.
Mark a course on the equipment with numbered tags to follow either in
order or any order.
Inclined equipment.
Make a circuit of ladders, nets, benches,arallel pipes etc.
Try it in reverse order or help an injured partner around.
Vertical ladders/wall bars.
Climb up and down.
Climb up, across/through and down.
Small group relay run, climb up, ring a bell, climb down and run to
tag next person off.
Climb up and jump into targets
(safe heights and landing surfaces).
How far can you go without putting feet on the ground.
Low, horizontal rope.
With rope over a slippery surface, lie on back and pull along with a hand
over hand action.
K i w iS p o r t Fundamental Skills
Climb up a rope with hands and feet and climb down again.
Climb a rope, cross to another and climb down again. Grip second rope
with feet and one hand before changing the second hand.
It may be necessary to knot the ropes to make it easier.
Combination Climbs
Set up an obstacle course using ropes, ladders, bars, nets, beams, boxes,
outdoor equipment etc.
Use this in
different ways.
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