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Fun English Training


즐거운 영어 회화
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주 소 : 서울시 양천구 목1동 현대하이페리온Ⅱ 206-3901
대표전화 : 02)745-7333
팩 스 : 02)2640-0670
허가없이 이 교재의 일부 또는 전부를 무단 복제 전재 발췌 할 수 없습니다.
(주)에듀인애스크
현대는 지구촌의 많은 사람들이 이룩해 놓은 그 무엇들을 먼저 찾고
공유하는 정보 경쟁시대입니다.
그래서 반드시 영어가 필요한 시대이기도 합니다.

우리는 영어 공부는 하고자 노력은 하지만, 바쁜 생활 속에서 영어를 듣고 말할 기회를 갖기는 쉽지


않습니다. 에듀인은 전화와 화상 솔루션을 통하여 한국에서 영어를 듣고 말할 수 있도록 해 드리고
있습니다. 에듀인에서 지구촌을 경험해보시기 바랍니다.

자! 이제 여유를 갖으시고,
특히 처음 접하시는 회원 분들께서는 발음.단어.문장 등 잘못하지 않을까 긴장하고 걱정하지 마세요!!

틀리면 어떻습니까? 원어민이 아닌 이상 틀릴 수 있는 것이 정상입니다.

문화를 이해하고 즐긴다는 생각으로 도전해보시기 바랍니다.

에듀인은 더욱 편리하고, 재미있는 영어 듣고 말하기를 위해 지속 노력


발전해 나가겠습니다.
Contents
Lesson 1 Who is your favorite? 당신은 누구를 좋아합니까? ․․․․․․․․․․ 3
그녀는 키가 큽니까?
Lesson 2 Is she tall? or short?
작습니까?
․․․․․․․․․․ 9

Lesson 3 How was your weekend? 당신의 주말은 어땠습니까? ․․․․․․․․․․ 14

Lesson 4 Soccer game 축구 경기 ․․․․․․․․․․ 19

Lesson 5 The cat got your tongue? 고양이가 혀를 물었다? ․․․․․․․․․․ 24

Lesson 6 The Ant and Grasshopper 개미와 베짱이 ․․․․․․․․․․ 29

Lesson 7 Making friends 친구 사귀기 ․․․․․․․․․․ 34

Lesson 8 Let's talk about everyone 모두들에 대해 얘기하기 ․․․․․․․․․․ 39

Lesson 9 The World around 세계 주위에 ․․․․․․․․․․ 44

Lesson 10 Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow 어제, 오늘 그리고 내일 ․․․․․․․․․․ 53

Lesson 11 I am on Main street 나는 메인 거리에 있다 ․․․․․․․․․․ 58


What can you say 저에 대해서 무엇을
Lesson 12
about me? 말씀하실 수 있겠습니까?
․․․․․․․․․․ 64

Lesson 13 Can I ask you a question? 질문해도 되겠습니까? ․․․․․․․․․․ 69


여기서 저 좀 도와
Lesson 14 You've got to help me here!
주셔야겠어요!
․․․․․․․․․․ 74

Lesson 15 Review 복습 ․․․․․․․․․․ 80

- 2 -
Lesson 1 (당신은 누구를 좋아합니까?)

Jang Dong-gun is a popular actor and musician in South Korea. He was born on
March 7, 1972. He went to Hankook School of Arts but he dropped out even before
he earned his degree. He made his debut in acting in a drama series called "Our
Heaven". In 1994, he portrayed a breakout role in the drama "The Final Jump". He
became more popular and starred in various television drama programs. In 1997, he
made his movie debut and won the Blue Dragon Best New Actor award. Since then,
his movies have become blockbuster hits and he has earned two more acting
awards.

Vocabulary

popular : 대중적인, 인기 있는 musician : 음악가, 작곡가


degree : 등급, 학위 debut : 첫 무대, 데뷔
breakout : 뜻밖의 성공 starred : 주역이 된
various : 다양한, 각색의 earned : 획득하다, 얻다
blockbuster : 압도적인, 큰 영향을 가진

Exercise

A: What is Jang Dong-gun's first TV drama?


B: Jang Dong-gun's first TV drama is _________________________.

A: When did he win his first acting award?


B: _________________________________________.

A: How many awards does he have now?


B: _________________________________________.

- 3 -
About me

A: Who is your favorite Actor/ Actress and what do you know about him/her?
B: _________________________________________.

A: Do you want to be in show business someday?


B: _________________________________________.

NOUNS
Nouns are simply defined as a person, place or thing.
It can be the subject or object of the sentence.
It could be something you eat, something you want or a person.

Example
Person / Animal Place
1. Man 1. Office
2. Woman 2. School
3. Father 3. Home
4. Monkey 4. Korea
5. John 5. America
6. Sandy 6. Supermarket
Thing
1. Car
2. Book
3. Table
4. Banana
5. Bag
6. Bottle

Example

John is our class president.

My Father is a soldier.

The school is near the church.

- 4 -
My sister lives in Europe.

I left the book on the table.

Types of Nouns
Singular Noun : refers to ONE person, place or thing.
Examples : boy, girl, book, church, box
단수명사 : 한 사람이나, 한 장소, 한 물건을 칭할 때 쓰인다.

Plural Noun Definition : usually refers to MORE THAN ONE person place or thing. The
plural of nouns is usually formed by adding - s to a singular
noun.
Examples : boys, girls, books, churches
복수명사 : 주로 한명 이상의 사람이나, 장소, 물건을 칭할 때 쓰인다.
복수명사는 단수명사에 주로 “s"를 더한다.

Remember : If you add - s to such nouns as fox, bush, and bench, you will find that you
cannot pronounce them without making an additional syllable.
This is why such nouns form the plural by adding - es.
Nouns ending in "y" formed into plural by changing "y" to "ies."
Examples : lady- ladies; city - cities; army - armies
어떤 명사에는 “-s"를 더하면 추가의 음절이 없이 발음 할 수 없는 것
을 알 것이다. 그래서 어떤 명사에는 “-s" 대신에 “-es"가 더해진다.
또한, 명사중에 “-y"로 끝나는 것은, 복수명사로 바뀌어 질 때,
마지막의 “-y"가 “-ies"로 바뀌어 진다.

Most nouns ending in o preceded by a consonant are formed into a


plural by adding "es".
Example : hero, heroes; grotto, grottoes
“-o"로 끝나는 대부분의 명사중에, 자음이 앞서 나오는 명사는, 뒤에
“-es"를 더함으로 복수명사가 된다.

Most nouns ending in o preceded by a vowel are formed into a plural


by adding "s".
Example : folio, folios; cameo, cameos; studio, studios; portfolio, portfolios
“-o"로 끝나는 대부분의 명사중에, 모음이 앞서 나오는 명사는, 뒤에
”-s"를 더함으로 복수명사가 된다.

Singular nouns use this and that.


Plural nouns use these and those
단수명사는 “this"와 ”that"을 쓰고,
복수명사는 “these"와 ”those"를 쓴다.

- 5 -
Practice Conversation 1

Michael : Today is my Mother's birthday. Can you help me find a gift for her?
Philip : Sure.
Michael : I would like to get her a necklace.
Philip : I am sure we can find a jewelry store in the mall.
Michael : That's great! Don't worry, we'll go to McDonald's later and I'll
buy you a hamburger.
Philip : Wow! Thanks!

Practice Conversation 2

Steve : The Science books we need are in the library.


Mary : I also got notes here from my friend.
Steve : Did you ask Mark to bring the other materials we need?
Mary : Yes, I asked him to bring cups, strings and bottles.
Steve : Great! I have pens and markers.
Mary : Let's get started then before our teachers come in and check.

Exercise

Identify the Noun in the following sentences:

1. The cat looks healthy and furry.

2. My mother is the best cook in the world.

3. Jewelry is a great gift for women.

4. Burger King is just around the corner.

5. I love eating salad.

6. Confucius wrote the best proverbs.

- 6 -
7. Montreal is my favorite city in Canada.

8. Ben Affleck is one of the actors in the movie.

9. She is wearing a coat.

10. Cigarettes are bad for your health.

Exercise

Identify as many nouns as you can in the following sentences and classify them if
they are Singular or Plural.

1. The muffins are baked in an oven.

2. The dog looks lost.

3. The offices are located in a nice building.

4. The cups are on the table.

5. My favorite book was found under the bed.

6. Alex has to bring the apples to his grandmother.

7. Seoul is the biggest city in South Korea.

8. That store sells the best shoes.

9. Andy brought his black car to school.

10. Clark bought new sheets for his bed.

- 7 -
Practice Conversation 3

Mark : Do you think this suit will fit me?


Christy : Yes, I think it will look good on you.
Mark : How about the shoes?
Christy : You should wear black socks with those.
Mark : Do I have to wear any accessories with this?
Christy : No, just put a tie on.
Mark : Can I wear a bow tie instead?
Christy : Sure. That would look really good.

- 8 -
Lesson 2
(그녀는 키가 큽니까? 작습니까?)

A : Mother is giving birth to a baby boy!


B : No, I think she is giving birth to a baby girl!
A : I hope the baby will be healthy.
B : I am sure the baby will not be unhealthy, Mother always eats the right kind of
food.
A : I also hope that the baby will be cute and not ugly. I also want the baby to be tall
when it gets older.
B : Babies grow tall when they get old not when they are still young!
A : I want the baby to be intelligent, not stupid!
B : As her older brother, I will teach the baby to do good things, not bad
things!
A : I am so happy and excited!
B : Well, these days I don't want to be sad, either!

Vocabulary
healthy : 건강한, 튼튼한 unhealthy : 건강 하지 못한, 병든
intelligent : 지적인, 영리한 teach : 가르치다, 교육하다
excited : 흥분한, 들뜬

Exercise

A: What will make the baby healthy?


B: _________________________________________.

A: When do babies grow tall?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What will the older brother teach the baby?


B: _________________________________________.

- 9 -
About me

A: When was the last time you felt excited?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Do you have a younger sister/brother?


B: _________________________________________.

A: If none, do you want to have one?


B: _________________________________________.

ANTONYMS or OPPOSITES are word pairs that have opposite meanings.


Examples of common antonyms
1. Dark Light
2. Good Bad
3. Early Late
4. Thin Thick
5. Thin Fat
6. Soft Hard
7. Soft Rough
8. Easy Hard
9. Happy Sad
10. Old New
11. Old Young
12. Rich Poor
13. Beautiful Ugly

Example

Can you give other examples of Antonyms?

1. Tall Short

2. Long Short

3. Clean Dirty

- 10 -
4. Day Night

5. Near Far

6. Strong Weak

7. Fast Slow

8. Big Small

9. Up Down

10. Left Right

11. Right Wrong

12. True False

13. Full Empty

14. More Less

Exercise

Give the antonym or opposite of the following words.

Light Dark / heavy

Hard Soft

Dirty Clean

Late Early

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Wrong Right

New Old

Young Old

Fat Thin

Slow Fast

Small Big

Far Near

Less More

Exercise

Fill the blanks with their appropriate antonym or opposite.

1. I don't want to be poor. I want to be rich.

2. Mike is tall but Paul is short.

3. My room is clean, yours is dirty.

4. Don't go too fast. Take it slowly.

5. I won't go early, I will be late.

6. I don't want to go far, I just want to go somewhere near.

7. Mother always tells me to do good things, not bad things.

- 12 -
8. Our house is small. Your house is really big.

9. This book is old. I want to get a new one.

10. I like to go out at night because I work during the day.

- 13 -
Lesson 3 (당신의 주말은 어땠습니까? )

Jim : How was your weekend, Bill?


Bill : Oh, I just had an ordinary weekend. On Saturday, I woke up very early and then
I went to the library.
Jim : Why did you go to the library?
Bill : I had to study for my final exams.
Jim : Did you stay there all day?
Bill : Fortunately, I did not have to. I finished studying around two o'clock.
Jim : What did you do then?
Bill : I stayed at home and watched movies with my family.
Jim : What did you do on Sunday?
Bill : I went to church in the morning and then I played soccer in the afternoon. How
about you, Jim? How was your weekend?
Jim : I had to stay at home all weekend because I caught the flu. I was coughing and
sneezing for two days.
Bill : Oh, I'm sorry to hear that! It must have been terrible to be stuck in your room for
two days!
Jim : It was horrible. I was very bored!
Bill : I would have been very bored too. I hope you're feeling better now.
Jim : Oh I feel so much better now. I just had to rest well and take some medicine.
Bill : Next weekend, come join me and my friends. We are going to play soccer
again.
Jim : Sure!

Vocabulary
ordinary : 보통의, 평범한 early : 일찍, 이른
library : 도서관 fortunately :다행히도, 운 좋게도
around : ~주위에, ~쯤에 caught : 잡았다, 걸렸다
church : 교회, 성당 flu : 독감, 지독한 감기
coughing : 기침 sneezing : 재채기
horrible : 무서운, 끔찍한 rest : 휴식
medicine : 약 join : 결합하다, 연결하다

- 14 -
Exercise

Read the conversation on page 14 and answer the following questions.

A: What did Bill do on Saturday morning?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What time did Bill finish studying in the library?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What did he do after studying in the library?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What did Bill do on Sunday morning?


B: _________________________________________.

A: When did Bill play soccer?


B: Bill played soccer_________________________________.

A: How was Jim's weekend?


B: Jim's weekend was ______________________________.

A: How did Jim get better?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What are the boys planning to do next weekend?


B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: What do you do on weekends?


B: _________________________________________.

A: How much time do you spend studying or doing homework?


B: _________________________________________.

- 15 -
A: How would you describe a good weekend?
B: _________________________________________.

A: Have you ever gotten so sick that you had to stay in bed for a few days?
B: _________________________________________.

A: What do you do to amuse yourself when you are sick?


B: _________________________________________.

Adverbs of Time tell us when an action happened.


Examples : YESTERDAY
TODAY
TOMORROW
NOW
LAST NIGHT
EARLY
LATER
TONIGHT
NEXT WEEK
BEFORE
AFTER

We had an exam yesterday.


She will call you now.
I will finish my work later.
We will go out for dinner tonight.
I laughed so much today.
Wash you hands before and after eating.

Tips
*시간의 부사
동사가 설명하는 동작이나 행동이 언제 일어났는지 설명하는 시간을 나타낼 때 쓰인다.

- 16 -
Adverbs of Place tell us where an action happens
or takes place.
Examples : ANYWHERE
EVERYWHERE
NOWHERE
UPSTAIRS
DOWNSTAIRS
HERE
THERE
AWAY
NEARBY

I'm not going anywhere.


The baby is sleeping upstairs.
Turn off the lights downstairs.
The bag is not here.
I don't want to go there.

Tips
*장소의 부사
동사가 설명하는 동작이나 행동이 어디서 일어났는지 설명하는 장소를 나타낼 때
쓰인다.

Exercise

A. Fill in the blanks with the correct adverb of time.

1. Did you go to school (today, tomorrow)?

2. I will watch the soccer game (yesterday, tonight).

3. She does not have anything to do (now, yesterday).

4. See you (later, yesterday).

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5. We don't have classes (tomorrow, yesterday).

6. Finish your homework (before, later) you go out to play.

7. We will talk about this (today, after).

8. Why are you here so (early, before)?

B. Fill in the blanks with the correct adverb of place.

1. Mother's visitors are having tea (downstairs, away).

2. We live (near, upstairs) the bakery.

3. Don't go (there, nowhere), it's not a safe place.

4. Our car is waiting (nearby, upstairs).

5. She stayed (here, nowhere) for two days.

6. I looked for the book (everywhere, nowhere).

Practice Conversation

Mother : Judy, where did you put the groceries?


Judy : I put them there on the kitchen table.
Mother : They are not here.
Judy : I'll go downstairs and check. Maybe I left them near the door.
Mother : How could you forget to bring the groceries upstairs?
Judy : Sorry, mother. I was in a hurry to watch my favorite TV program because it's
going to start now.
Mother : Well, watch your program later. Go get the groceries because I have to get
dinner ready before 7:00 pm!

- 18 -
Lesson 4 (축구 경기)

Julie : Go Jim! Run faster!


Judy : Look at how swift he can go!
Sally : He's really good. He moves quickly.
Julie : Jim is kicking the ball to Bill because the other team's players are firmly
blocking his way.
Sally : Bill has to run faster or he's not going to make it!
Judy : He made it!
Julie : That's a powerful kick!
Sally : Did you see how smoothly the ball went into the goal?
Julie : The goalie struggled hard to block it, but he moved too slowly.
Judy : He's no match for Bill's speed.
Sally : Hey it's half-time. Do you want to go get some food and drinks?
Judy : Go ahead Sally; I'll go over to the players section. I can see Bill waving his
arms wildly at us; I think he wants to tell us something.
Julie : He's probably going to ask us if we saw how well he played!
Judy : Hahaha! He wants to gloat about the goal he scored.
Sally : Well, we can easily pretend that we can't see him waving at us.
Judy : It's alright, I'll just go there and let him brag for a little bit. Why don't you get
our snacks?
Julie : I'll stay here and save our seats.
Sally : That's fine. Tell Jim and Bill, I hope they win this game!

- 19 -
Vocabulary

faster : 더 빨리 swift : 날랜, 순식간의


quickly : 재빠르게, 잽싸게 teams : 조, 팀
players : 선수들, 경기자 firmly : 굳게, 단단히
blocking : 막다, 차단하다 powerful : 강한, 강력한
smoothly : 순조롭게, 매끈하게 goal : 골, 득점
goalie : 골키퍼, 골을 막는 사람 struggled : 노력했다, 분투했다
slowly : 느릿느릿, 천천히 speed : 빠르기, 속력
half-time : 전반 section : 구역, 구간
waving : 흔드는 wildly : 격렬하게, 심하게
gloat : 흡족해하다, 만족해하다 scored : 득점을 하다
easily : 여유롭게, 쉽게 brag : 자랑하다, 자만하다
save : 구하다, 지키다 seats : 자리, 좌석

Exercise

Read the conversation on page 19 and answer the following questions.

A: What are Judy, Julie and Sally doing?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Why does Jim have to kick the ball to Bill?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Did Bill score a goal?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What did Sally want to do at half-time?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What did Judy want to do?


B: _________________________________________.

- 20 -
A: Who will stay to save their seats?
B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: Have you ever watched a live soccer game?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Who is your favorite Korean soccer player?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What other sports do you enjoy watching?


B: _________________________________________.

Adverbs of Manner tell us how an action happens.

Examples : LOUDLY CHEERFULLY


QUICKLY EASILY
SLOWLY HONESTLY
ANGRILY BEAUTIFULLY
GENTLY CAREFULLY
SOFTLY QUIETLY

The girls talked loudly.


I quickly opened my eyes.
Why do you walk so slowly?
Mother angrily told me to go home.
He gently told her that he was not mad.
Don't talk too softly because I cannot hear you.
Please enter the library quietly.
She cheerfully told me the good news.
You will win this game easily.
Answer my questions honestly.
She plays the piano beautifully.

- 21 -
Exercise

A. Pick out the adverbs of manner in the sentences:

1. Jaymie happily opened his birthday presents.

2. My teacher sadly told me that I failed the exam.

3. You have to run quickly if you want to catch the train!

4. Let's talk softly so that Anna will not hear us.

5. This was painted beautifully!

6. You have to hold the baby carefully.

7. Eat your food slowly; you don't have to hurry.

B. Choose the correct adverb of manner to complete the following sentences

1. The little girl cried (loudly, cheerfully).

2. She can sing (angrily, beautifully).

3. Don't chew your food (loudly, carefully) - that is so rude!

4. We shouted (gently, angrily) at each other, and then I left.

5. They opened the door (quietly, noisily); that's how Mother woke up.

6. My grandmother talks to me (gently, quickly), even when I do something wrong.

7. We must leave (quickly, easily), before we miss the bus.

- 22 -
Practice Conversation

Steven : I think I need to clean my camera. The pictures are starting to look unclear.
Tom : That's a good idea, but you have to do it carefully.
Steven : My uncle taught me how to clean my camera properly. He's a photographer.
He said I should use a soft piece of cloth and gently wipe the dirt from the
lens.
Tom : I have some pieces of flannel. Can you use that?
Steven : That's going to work perfectly. Thanks!

About me

A: What is the most important electronic gadget that you use?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Why is it very important to you?


B: _________________________________________.

A: How do you take care of your electronic gadgets?


B: _________________________________________.

- 23 -
Lesson 5 (고양이가 혀를 물었다?)

Jim : Hey Julie, where are you going?


Julie : Ah…um….
Jim : What's the matter, the cat got your tongue?
Julie : No, I'm just in a bit of a shock.
Jim : Why? What happened?
Julie : Didn't you hear about Dan's accident?
Jim : No. What happened?
Julie : Well, yesterday, he was at the sports club with his father and he decided to
horse around on the parallel bars. He suddenly lost his grip and fell. He broke
his arm.
Jim : Are you pulling my leg?
Julie : You know that I wouldn't make a joke like this!
Jim : Where is he?
Julie : He's in the hospital, and I'm on my way there now.
Jim : Can I go too?
Julie : Sure. He would probably like being able to chew the fat with somebody for
awhile.
Jim : You're right; he's probably bored in the hospital.
Julie : Having your arm put in a cast is no picnic.
Jim : Let's go see him!

Vocabulary
matter : 일, 사건 tongue : 혀
shock : 충격 accident : 우연한 사고, 재난
decided : 결심했다 parallel : 평행하는, 나란한
grip : 잡는 법, 쥐는 법 broke : 부러지다
hospital : 병원, 의원 able : ~할 수 있는
chew : 씹다, 깨부수다 cast : 깁스

- 24 -
Exercise

Read the conversation on page 24 and answer the following questions.

A: Why couldn't Julie answer when Jim asked her where she was going?
B: _________________________________________.

A: Who was in an accident?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Where did the accident happen?


B: The accident happened ______________________________.

A: How did the accident happen?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Where is Julie going?


B: Julie is going _______________________________.

A: Why would it be a good idea to visit Dan?


B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: Have you ever been in an accident?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Have you ever had to stay in the hospital because of an injury or a sickness?
B: _________________________________________.

A: Have you ever visited anybody who had to stay in the hospital for a while?
B: _________________________________________.

A: How do you feel about hospitals?


B: _________________________________________.

- 25 -
An idiom is a common, everyday phrase or expression whose
meaning cannot be understood by the individual words- idioms do not
mean exactly the way they sound, but they have been used so much that
the meanings attached to them have become widely accepted.

The conversation on page 41 contained some English idioms.

What's the matter, the cat got your tongue?


MEANING : speechless, unable to talk (말이 없는, 말을 할 수 없는)

Are you pulling my leg?


MEANING : joking (장난치다, 농담하다)

He decided to horse around on the parallel bars.


MEANING : play around (법석 떨다, 놀다)

He would probably like being able to chew the fat with somebody for awhile.
MEANING : to have a conversation (대화를 하다, 잠깐 이야기를 하다)

Here are some more useful idioms and their meanings.

Act like an ape (원숭이처럼 행동하다)


MEANING : behave badly, wildly, foolishly
(나쁘게, 거칠게, 어리석게 행동하다)

Curiosity killed the cat (호기심이 고양이를 죽인다)


MEANING : being too nosy may lead a person into trouble
(너무 참견하는 것은 일을 어렵게 할 수 있다)

Donkey's years (당나귀의 해)


MEANING : a very long time (매우 긴 시간)

Hit the bulls-eye (황소의 눈을 치다)


MEANING : reach the main point (중심점에 도달하다)

- 26 -
Every dog has his day (모든 개 들은 그의 날이 있다)
MEANING : everyone will have his chance or turn;
everyone will get what he deserves
(모든 사람들은 자신에 따른 기회와 순서가 있다)

Let the cat out of the bag (가방에서 고양이를 나오게 해라)
MEANING : tell something that is supposed to be a secret
(비밀이어야 하는 것을 말하는 것)

Make a mountain out of a molehill (두더지가 파놓은 흙에 산을 만들어라)


MEANING : make something that is unimportant seem important
(중요하지 않은 것을 중요하게 보이게 만드는 것이다)

Take the bull by the horns (뿔로 황소 잡기)


MEANING : take decisive action and not worry about the results
(결정적인 행동을 취한 후, 결과에 대해 걱정 하지 않는 것)

Talk until the cows come home (소가 집에 올 때까지 얘기하다)


MEANING : talk for a long time (매우 긴 시간 동안 얘기하다)

Throw someone to the wolves (늑대들에게 사람을 던지다)


MEANING : send someone into danger without protection
(아무런 보호도 없이 위험에 사람을 보내는 것)

Her bark is worse than her bite (그녀의 짖는 소리는 그녀의 무는 것보다 못하다)
MEANING : someone's words are worse than their action
(누구의 발언은 그의 행동보다 못하다)

In the doghouse (개 집 안에서)


MEANING : in disgrace or disfavor (불명예스럽게, 호감을 가질 수 없는 상태)

Lead a dog's life (개의 인생을 이끌다)


MEANING : work hard and be treated unkindly
(열심히 일하고 친절하지 못하게 대우받다.)

Monkey business (원숭이의 사업)


MEANING : mischief, naughtiness (부적절함, 난처한 사태)

- 27 -
Exercise

Rephrase or explain the meaning of the following sentences.

1. David is in the doghouse because his Mother found out about his bad grades.

2. He has been acting like an ape all evening.

3. That was a very good speech; he really hit the bull's eye.

4. I won't be able to buy that nice cell phone in donkey's years!

5. Don't be scared of Mrs. Kwon; her bark is worse than her bite.

6. I'm sure the boys are up to some monkey business.

Practice Conversation

Jim : Hey Bill, why don't you ask Mrs. Oh if we can submit our project tomorrow
instead of today?
Bill : Why don't you ask her? Asking me to ask her is like throwing me to the wolves.
She'll get mad at me for sure!
Jim : Come on, Bill. Her bark is worse than her bite. She seems very stern but she's
really nice.
Bill : I know she's nice, but after she caught our monkey business last week, she
won't be too happy to see me.

- 28 -
Lesson 6 (개미와 베짱이)

By Aesop

A grasshopper spent the summer hopping about in the sun and singing to his heart's
content. One day, an ant went hurrying by, looking very hot and weary.

"Why are you working on such a lovely day?" said the grasshopper.

"I'm collecting food for the winter," said the ant, "and I think you should do the
same." And off she went, helping the other ants to carry food to their store. The
grasshopper just kept on hopping and singing. When winter came the ground was
covered with snow. The grasshopper had no food and was hungry. So he went to the
ants and asked for food.

"What did you do all summer when we were working to collect our food?" said one of
the ants.
"I was busy hopping and singing," said the grasshopper.
"Well," said the ant, "if you hop and sing all summer, you will starve in the winter."

Vocabulary
grasshopper : 메뚜기 hopping : 깡충깡충 뛰는
hearts : 마음, 감정, 심장 content : 우연한 사고, 재난
hurrying : 매우 급함, 서두름 weary : 피로한, 지쳐있는
collecting : 모으다, 수집하다 carry : 운반하다, 나르다
ground : 지면, 땅 covered : 덮여지다, 덮였다
snow : (하늘에서 오는) 눈 starve : 굶주리다, 배고프다

- 29 -
Exercise

Read the story on page 29 and answer the following questions.

A: What is the title of the story?


B: The title of the story is _______________________________.

A: Who wrote the story?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What was the grasshopper doing all summer?


B: The grasshopper was ____________________________.

A: What were the ants doing all summer?


B: The ants were _____________________________________.

A: What happened to the grasshopper during winter?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What happened to the ants during the winter?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What did the grasshopper do when he got hungry?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What did the ants tell the grasshopper?


B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: What lesson did you learn from the story?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What can you say about the grasshopper's attitude?


B: _________________________________________.

- 30 -
A: What can you say about the ants' attitude?
B: _________________________________________.

A: Can you compare yourself to the grasshopper? How about to the ants?
B: _________________________________________.

A: Can you compare the story to your own life?


B: _________________________________________.

A paragraph is a group of sentences that are joined to each other


by a similar or related thought.

Every paragraph has a main idea.


The main idea tells you what a paragraph is about. It usually appears
in the first sentence of a paragraph, but can be in another sentence.
Everything else in the paragraph supports the main idea.
Finding the main idea is a very useful skill- it will improve your
comprehension and increase your ability to make sense out of a story
or an essay.

- 31 -
Example

The life of a doctor is not easy. Dr. Kwan works long hours each day, and he is very
busy with many different activities. He sees patients at his clinic all morning. In the
afternoon, he visits his patients in the hospital. He spends a lot of time with people,
but he also spends a lot of time working on reports in his office.

The main idea of this paragraph is "The life of a doctor is not easy " because the
other sentences in the paragraph give facts that support it.

Main Idea : The life of a doctor is not easy.

Supporting Details
Dr. Kwan works long hours each day
He is busy with many different activities
He sees patients at the clinic all morning
He visits patients in the hospital in the afternoon
He spends a lot of time working on reports

Exercise

Read the paragraph and then answer the questions that follow.

A. I had a lot of fun this weekend. Saturday was a beautiful day for a picnic so my
friends and I went to the park. We had lunch underneath the flower trees. Then we
played badminton. On Sunday, I went to church with my family. Afterwards, we
went shopping. I bought two new books. Then we went home and I watched TV
until it was time to sleep.

What is the main idea of the paragraph?


a. Saturday was a beautiful day for a picnic.
b. I had a lot of fun this weekend.
c. We played badminton.

- 32 -
B. Cleanliness is very important. We have to stay clean so that we can be protected
from germs that can cause sickness. If we keep ourselves clean, we will not catch
diseases easily. Keeping our surroundings neat and orderly can also keep us safe
from accidents.

What is the main idea of the paragraph?


a. Cleanliness is very important.
b. Keeping our surroundings clean can keep us safe from accidents.
c. Germs can cause sickness.

- 33 -
Lesson 7 (친구 사귀기)

Making Friends

A : Hello! My name is Paul. What's your name?


B : Hi! My name is Anna. How are you doing Paul?
A : I am fine, thank you. How about you?
B : I'm doing great.
A : Where are you from, Anna?
B: I'm from New York. I am just here on vacation with my father.
We have always wanted to visit this city because of its rich culture
and heritage. How about you? Where are you from?
A : I am from London. I am an exchange student.
I will be here for 6 months.
B : That's cool. I hope I can do that too someday so I can visit different
places.
A : Yes, it is a great experience. I have made a lot of new friends.
B : That is really exciting. So, how long have you been here?
A : I've been here for 2 weeks now and I am really enjoying my
stay in Korea.
B : We just arrived last night and today we are going to visit the
national museum.
A : I can guide you to the national museum. It is just 2 blocks away from
this corner.
B : That would be great. Thanks!

Vocabulary

vacation : 휴가, 방학 rich : 부자의, 풍부한


culture : 문화 heritage : 상속, 재산, 유산
experience : 경험, 체험 national : 국민의, 국가의
museum : 박물과, 미술관 guide : 안내자, 지도자

- 34 -
Exercise

A: Who started the conversation?


B: _________________________________________.

A: How long has Paul been in Korea?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Who is the exchange student?


B: The exchange student is _____________________________.

A: Where did the conversation take place?


B: The conversation took place _________________________.

A: Where does Anna plan to go?


B: Anna plans to go _____________________________.

About me

A: Do you like making friends?


B: _________________________________________.

A: How do you start a conversation?


B: _________________________________________.

A: How did you and your best friend meet?


B: ________________________________________

Tips
*Basic Greetings
We usually start a conversation by just making a friendly remark with
a greeting. Here are the different greetings when beginning or ending a conversation.

- 35 -
YOUR GREETING YOUR REPLY
1. Hello (Formal) Hello
* Say when meeting someone or answering the telephone.

2. Hi (informal) Hi
* Say when meeting someone.

3. Good morning. (Formal) Good morning


* Say when meeting someone in the morning.

4. Good afternoon. (Formal) Good afternoon


* Say when meeting someone in the afternoon.

5. Good evening. (Formal) Good evening


* Say when meeting someone in the evening.

6. Good night. (Formal) Good night


* Say when you are going to bed or say it to someone who is going to bed.

7. Nice to meet you. It's a pleasure to meet you too.


* Say when meeting someone for the first time.

8. How do you do? It's a pleasure to make your acquaintance.


* Say when meeting someone for the first time.

9. How are you? I'm fine, thank you and you?


* Say when asking how someone is feeling
I'm good.
I'm okay.
Terrible.
Awful.
Not good.
I could be better.

- 36 -
YOUR GREETING YOUR REPLY
10. How's it going? Great.
* Say when asking how someone is feeling or to ask if something is new
Pretty good.
Not bad.
Not so good.
Really bad.

11. Goodbye. (Formal) Goodbye.


* Say when leaving someone or finishing a telephone conversation

12. Bye. (Informal) Bye-bye.


* Say when leaving someone or finishing a telephone conversation

13. See you later (tonight, tomorrow, next week) See you.
* Say when leaving someone who you plan to meet again

Practice Conversation 1

"Friends"

Tom : Hi Annie, how are you?


Annie : Hello Tom! I'm fine, thank you and you?
Tom : Great.
Annie : I'm sorry, but I have to go.
I will be late for my class.
I'll see you later.
Tom : Okay, see you.
Annie : Bye!

- 37 -
Practice Conversation 2

"New Acquaintance"

Chris : Good evening, I am looking for Mr. Neil Smith?


Neil : Good evening. I'm Neil Smith. What's your name?
Chris : My name is Chris. How do you do?
Neil : It's a pleasure to meet you. How can I help you?
Chris : I'm from Sunshine Courier Service and I have a package for you.
Neil : Oh! Thank you.
Chris : You're welcome, Mr. Smith. Goodbye.
Neil : Bye.

Practice Conversation 3

"Telephone"

Jay : Hello! May I please speak to Wayne?


Wayne : Hello! This is Wayne speaking. May I know who's calling?
Jay : Hi Wayne! It's Jay.
Wayne : Hi Jay! How are you ?
Jay : I'm fine, thank you and you ?
Wayne : I'm good. What's up ?
Jay : Well, I called to invite you to my birthday party on Saturday.
Wayne : I'd love to go. What time do I have to be there?
Jay : Well, it's a dinner party so you can come at around 7 o'clock.
Wayne : Ok, I'll be there.
Jay : Great! See you then! Bye !
Wayne : See you Saturday, bye !

- 38 -
Lesson 8 (모두들에 대해 얘기하기)

Tips
*subject pronouns (주체 대명사)
I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they function as the subject of a sentence
이 대명사들은 문장에서 주어의 역할을 한다.

Conversation 1

A : Hi Mom! I have a new recipe for our new year's party.


It's called Oriental Chicken with herbs!
B : Great! Did you tell your sister about it? I'm sure she will be
very excited to try that.
A : You think so?
B : But of course! Even your brother would be thrilled to hear that
we will be having a new recipe this year and he loves chicken, remember?
A : He thinks I can't cook. How about Grandma and Grandpa? Do you
think they will like it?
B : I am very sure they will.
A : Awesome ! I'm sure it will be the best dish ever.

Vocabulary

oriental : 동양의, 동양적인 thrilled : 전율의, 부르르 떨림


party : 모임, 파티 dish : (접시에 담은) 요리
awesome : 최고의, 멋진

- 39 -
Exercise

Fill the blanks with the appropriate Subject Pronoun.

Choose the correct pronoun to complete the sentences.


(I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they)

Good Morning everybody! My name is Mary. I am 13 years old. I am from Dallas,


Texas. My family owns a farm and my father is the one taking care of it. He has
been working on the farm since I was 10 years old. My mother is the one taking care
of the house. She is the best when it comes to baking and she always uses the best
and the most delicious ingredients. You can come to our house anytime so you can
see my father's farm and taste my mother's vanilla cake. I am sure that they will be
very happy to meet all of you.

Vocabulary

farm : 농장, 농원 baking : 빵을 굽는


delicious : 맛있는, 맛좋은 ingredients : 성분. 재료
vanilla : 바닐라 cake : 케이크

Tips
*object pronouns (목적 대명사)
Me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them serve as the object of a sentence.
이 대명사들은 문장에서 목적어의 역할을 한다.

Conversation 1

A : Hi Cathy! Are you going to Tony's party tonight?


B : Yes, I got this invitation from him!
A : I see! So you can ride with me then. Joan is riding with me, too.
Maybe we can pick her up before going to the party.
B : That's great! Thank you! How about Chris and John?
A : I saw them at the library earlier. Chris told me he can't come.

- 40 -
B : That's sad. He will be missing all the fun. It won't be as much fun without Chris!
A : I remember telling him that all of us will be there.
B : Let's just take pictures and show them to him later.
A : Okay, we will do that!

Vocabulary
invitation : 초대, 초청 remember : 기억하다
library : 도서관, 도서실

Exercise

Fill the blanks with the appropriate Object Pronoun.


(Me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them)

1. Give me the book.

2. He told her to come tonight.

3. She asked him to help.

4. They visited us when they went to Manila.

5. She bought it at the store.

6. He picked her up at the train station.

7. The teacher asked you to finish your homework.

8. I invited them to a party.

Tips
*possessive pronouns (소유 대명사)
Mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs show that something belongs to someone.
이 대명사들은 어떤 것이 누구에게 속해있는지를 보여주는 역할을 한다.

- 41 -
Conversation 1

A : Hi Sandy! I found this pen on my table, is this yours?


B : No, that's not mine. It's probably Paul's!
A : I don't think so. His is blue.
B : Could it be Jane's?
A : It could be hers but I still have to ask some people here.

Conversation 2

A : Wow! What a beautiful house!


B : Thanks, That house is ours. My father is an architect, so every
detail is his idea.
A : Really? Can he design ours, too?
B : Well, Tina asked for my father's help, too. That yellow house on the next street is
theirs.
A : Well, he might as well do ours, too.

Vocabulary

architect : 건축사, 설계사 detail : 세부, 세목


design : 디자인, 설계 idea : 생각, 관념

Tips
*demonstrative pronouns (지시 대명사)
This, that, these, those refer to things. And, 'this' and 'these' refer to something that is
near, that' and 'those' refer to things that are farther away.
지시대명사들은 무엇을 가리킬 때 사용된다. ‘this' 와 ’these'는 가까이 있는 것을 가리키고,
‘that'과 ’those'는 멀리 떨어져 있는 것을 가리킬 때 쓰인다.

- 42 -
Conversation 1

A : Look at these apples. They don't look so fresh.


B : And look at this one, it looks rotten.
A : Yes, it's probably been there for more than a week.
B : I think these oranges are better. Let's get these instead.
A : And besides, this is Mom's favorite fruit, so we should get her these.

Vocabulary
local : 지방의, 고장의 market : 장터, 시장
downtown : 도심지, 시내 expensive : 값비싼

Conversation 2

A : Olive went to Idaho to buy their famous potatoes.


She will have those potatoes sold in the local market.
B : I heard that potatoes from Idaho are the best. How much do you
think she will sell those potatoes for?
A: I don't have any idea but that will be the first question I'll ask her
when she arrives.
B: Those potatoes sold in the downtown market are very expensive.
I hope she'll sell them at a lower price.

Vocabulary
fresh : 새로운, 갓 만들어진 rotten : 썩은, 부패한

- 43 -
Lesson 9 (세계 주위에)

My name is Jane, I am from Madrid. It is the capital city of Spain. I live in a house in
the countryside. The street is called "La Mirada" and the house is old. It's more than
100 years old! I am an English teacher at a school in the center of the city. My
students are in Third grade. When I am free, I read books and sometimes, I bake
cookies and give them away to my students. I have a sister. She is an artist. She
travels around the world to explore and gain more knowledge. I have a brother and
he is an engineer. He works for a famous car manufacturer based in France.
This year, we will have a family reunion. It will be held in a small town in The
Netherlands where our parents stay. I am so excited to see my whole family again. I
will give them a hug the moment I see them.

Vocabulary
countryside : 시골, 지방 center : 중심, 중앙
explore : 탐험하다, 조사하다 gain : 얻다, 획득하다
knowledge : 지식, 견문 engineer : 기술자
manufacturer : 제조업자, 생산자 reunion : 재결합, 모임
moment : 순간, 시기

Exercise

A: What is the capital city of Spain?


B: The capital city of Spain is _________________________________.

A: Who goes around the world to explore?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Where is her brother based?


B: Her brother is _______________________________.

A: What would she do the moment she sees her family?


B: _________________________________________.

- 44 -
About me

A: Have you ever thought of working in a different country?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What is your dream job?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Have you ever had family reunion?


B: _________________________________________.

ARTICLES
a (부정관사)
Indefinite article (not a specific object, one of a number of the same objects) with
consonants She has a cat. I work in a factory.

An (부정관사)
Indefinite article (not a specific object, one of a number of the same objects) with
vowels (a, e, i, o, u) Can I have an apple? She is an Actress.

The (정관사)
Definite article (a specific object that both the person speaking and the listener
know) The car over there is fast. The swimmer is very good, isn't she?

Reminder
DO NOT use an article with countries, states, counties or provinces, lakes and mountains except
when the country is a collection of states such as "The United States".
example) He lives in Baltimore near Richmond. They live in northern England.
Use an article with bodies of water, oceans and seas - My country borders on the
Mediterranean Sea.

DO NOT use an article when you are speaking about things in general.
example) I like Chinese tea. She likes reading magazines.

DO NOT use an article when you are speaking about meals, places, and transport.
example) He had lunch at home. I go to church. He comes to work by bus.

- 45 -
Exercise

Fill the blanks with the appropriate ARTICLE. (A, an, the)

1. There was _ sound in ___ bedroom.

2. Phil said he was __ employee at ___ shoe store. ___ store is at ___ shopping mall.

3. Jack was caught holding _ match at ___ time of ___ fire.

4. She replied in surprise that ___ questions were much too difficult.

5. I'm afraid I can't remember ___ exact date of ___ event.

6. She's staying at _ hotel in _ small town in England.

7. ___ town is near ___ river Thames.

8. ___ children went to __ ice skating rink. They had a good time.

9. I'm afraid ___ answer is 'no'. Come back when you can make a new design.

10. _ car is usually sold by __ agent.


However, _ piece of land is sometimes sold by _ broker.

11. He got _ job in ___ best restaurant in town.

Exercise

Fill the blanks with the appropriate ARTICLE. (A, an, the)

1. ___ Pacific Ocean is one of ___ largest bodies of water on Earth.

2. You can find ___ books you'll need for class at _ library.

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3. Alfred is thinking about attending __ English course during ___ summer vacation.
He might go to _ school in England.

4. Meredith remembered to turn off ___ lights before she left ___ house.

5. They refused to listen to Tim because they thought he was overbearing person.

6. I enjoy watching _ number of programs on television.

7. He called _ plumber that was listed in ___ telephone directory.

8. John felt ___ painting was much too expensive and decided to look for _ different
one.

9. One of ___ farmers has committed ___ crime.

10. No one will leave ___ classroom until all of ___ work is finished.

11. Our friends bought _ new van that they took on their holiday to ___ beach.

Practice Conversation 1

Michelle : Guess what? I saw the famous actor Brad Pitt!


Jane : Really? Is he really a hunk in person?
Michelle : He is a handsome guy. He was wearing a black suit.
Jane : I bet the black suit really looked good on him.
Michelle : He always looks good. He isn't called an icon for nothing.
Jane : What do you mean an icon?
Michelle : Well, an icon can be a really good and famous actor. Have you seen
"Legends of the Fall?" It's one of the most watched movies worldwide.
Jane : No, I haven't seen it. I should go to the video store now and check
it out!

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Practice Conversation 2

Mike : Hi Sandy! How are you? When did you get back from England ?
Sandy : I got back two days ago.
Mike : How was it? Did you have fun? Tell me about it…
Sandy : Well, England was our first stop, and then we took a flight to France to see
Paris.
Mike : Wow! I have always wanted to see Paris!
Sandy : After Paris, we took another plane to Italy to see Rome.
Mike : Really?
Sandy : Yes, we were supposed to go to Spain but we had to come back because
vacation is almost over.
Mike : That's quite a vacation! Hopefully, next year, I can go around Asia. I'd like to
visit Japan and China and probably see more of Australia.
Sandy : Right! And maybe soon, we can both go to the United States!
Mike : Or maybe Africa, perhaps?
Sandy : And we can see Canada, too!
Mike : Oh well, let's start saving money!

Vocabulary
England : 영국 France : 프랑스
Italy : 이탈리아 Spain : 스페인
China : 중국 Australia : 오스트레일리아
saving : 모으기, 저축 flight : 비행, 날기

Exercise

A: Where did Sandy go after England?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Why did she visit Italy?


B: _________________________________________.

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A: Where is Mike planning to go next year?
B: _________________________________________.

A: Where was Sandy supposed to go?


B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: What is your dream vacation?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Which do you prefer? Europe or America?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What was you last vacation like?


B: _________________________________________.

Practice Conversation 3

Ken : Hi! My name is Ken, I am from Germany.


Lynn : So you are German ?
Ken : Yes I am. How about you?
Lynn : I am Italian.
Ken : So you are from Italy ?
Lynn : Yes, I am part Italian. My mother is Australian.
Ken : Your mother is from Australia? So, do you speak both
Italian and English?
Lynn : Yes I can. I studied English for a year.
Ken : Really? I studied English for 2 years and now, my father wants
me to learn French because we are moving to France.
Lynn : That's great! My mother asked me to learn Spanish, too because
I think we will be moving to Spain next year.
Ken : Wow! That's really exciting!
Lynn : Yes, I can't wait to see Spain.

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Countries, Nationalities and Languages

COUNTRY NATIONALITY LANGUAGE


1 France French French
2 Greece Greek Greek
3 Britain British English
4 Denmark Danish Danish
5 Finland Finnish Finnish
6 Poland Poland Polish
7 Spain Spanish Spanish
8 Sweden Swedish Swedish
9 Turkey Turkish Turkish
10 Germany German German
11 Mexico Mexican Spanish
12 The United States American English
13 Australia Australian English
14 Brazil Brazilian Portuguese
15 Egypt Egyptian Arabic
16 Italy Italian Italian
17 Hungary Hungarian Hungarian
18 Korea Korean Korean
19 Russia Russian Russian
20 China Chinese Chinese
21 Japan Japanese Japanese
22 Portugal Portugal Portuguese

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Practice Conversation 4

A : Hello! Is this the school that teaches foreign languages?


B : Yes, How may I help you?
A : I will be touring Europe in the next two months and I need to learn a little about
their languages before I go there.
B : We are offering different language courses like German, French and Spanish.
A : Yes, that's exactly what I need to learn but I want to start with Spanish.
B : Okay and you can take German classes afterwards.
A : No, I'd like a basic French course afterwards.
B: That's alright, I can make arrangements for you.

Practice Conversation 5

Anna : I have to finish my papers now, I am going to Japan next week.


Lee : Japan? Why?
Anna : The company wants me to attend the seminar in Nagoya.
Lee : I see. The company is sending me to Canada next month to check
a location for our new office.
Anna : Do they speak English in Canada?
Lee : But of course, and some regions speak French.
Anna : I have to learn a little about Japanese culture; it will be helpful for my visit.
Lee : Me, too. I am trying to research about Canadian culture, too.
Anna : Are there web sites that could help me, too?
Lee : Yes, you just have to browse the internet to find a good web site.

Vocabulary
arrangements : 배열, 정리, 배치 region : 지방, 지역
browse : 이것 저것 구경하다

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Practice Conversation 6

A : Can you help me with my school project?


B : What is it all about?
A : Our teacher asked me to research about Chinese Proverbs.
B : Okay, but you have to help me afterwards.
A : What is your project about?
B : Mine is about Greek Mythology.
A : Okay, I know everything about it. No Problem.
B : Thanks.

Vocabulary

mythology : 신화 proverbs : 속담, 격언

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Lesson 10
(어제, 오늘 그리고 내일)
“On the telephone”

Lynn : Hello, can I speak to Harry?


Harry : This is Harry, who is speaking?
Lynn : Hi, this is Lynn.
Harry : Hi Lynn. What are you doing?
Lynn : Oh, I'm just watching TV. What are you doing?
Harry : Well, I'm cooking dinner.
Lynn : Speaking of dinner, did Ben invite you to his barbecue party this Sunday?
Harry : I don't think I can come.
I will be visiting my mom in New Jersey this weekend.
Lynn : But I thought you left for New Jersey last week?
Harry : I cancelled my flight because we had an emergency meeting.
Lynn : Okay, just give my kisses to your mom.
Harry : I will tell her that we talked.
Lynn : Thanks. Well, I have to go now.
Harry : Okay, Bye!
Lynn : I'll see you next week!

Vocabulary

barbeque : 바베큐 cancelled : 취소됐다, 삭제됐다


flight : 비행, 날기 emergency : 비상사태, 위급

Exercise

A: What is Harry planning for the weekend?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What is Lynn doing?


B: Lynn is ________________________________.

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A: When will they see each other again?
B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: Do you like cooking food?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What do you usually eat for dinner?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Do you like inviting friends to your home?


B: _________________________________________.

Exercise

Fill the blanks with the correct from using Present Tense.

1. I _____ my lessons everyday.


a. study
b. am studying

2. They are really ________ the party.


a. enjoyed
b. enjoying

3. We _____________ to the party tomorrow.


a. are not going
b. don't go

4. I __ turning 15 years old tomorrow.


a. am being
b. am

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5. I __________ my book.
a. am reading
b. reading

How do we use Present Tense? (우리는 현재시제를 언제 씁니까?)


We use present tense when
- the action is general
- the action happens all the time, or habitually, in the past, present and future
- the action is not only happening now
- the statement is always true
현재시제는 행동이나 동작이 일반적 일 때,
행동이나 동작이 항상 일어나거나, 습관적으로 일어나거나,
행동이나 동작이 지금만 일어나는 것이 아닐 때,
문장의 내용이 항상 진실 될 때

Example

I usually drive my car.

I go to work everyday.

How do we use Past Tense? (우리는 과거시제를 언제 씁니까?)


We use past tense to talk about an action or a situation an event in the past.
The event can be short or long.
- the event is in the past
- the event is completely finished
- we say (or understand) the time and/or place of the event
과거시제는 과거에 일어났던 행동이나 동작이나 상황을 이야기할 때 쓰인다.
일어난 일들은 짧을 수도 있고 길수도 있다.
일어난 일들은 과거에 있었던 행동이다.
일어난 일들은 완전히 끝난 것을 말한다.
일어난 일들의 시간이나 장소를 말할 때 쓰인다.

Example

I drove the car yesterday.

I went to work last Saturday.

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How do we use the Future Tense? (우리는 미래시제를 언제 씁니까?)
We use future tense when there is no plan or decision to do something before we speak.
We make the decision spontaneously at the time of speaking.
미래 시제는 우리가 말하기 전에 무엇을 하기 위해서 계획이 없었거나 결정한 일이 없을 때
쓰인다. 우리는 말을 할 때에 자발적으로 결정을 짓는다.
Look at these examples:
- Wait. I'll get the phone.
- I will see my best friend tomorrow.
- Maybe we'll stay in the hotel the whole night.

In these examples, we had no firm plan before speaking.


The decision is made at the time of speaking.

- I think I'll go to the gym on Monday.


- I think I will have a long vacation next year.
- I don't think I'll buy that shirt.

Prediction
We often use future tense to make a prediction about the future. Again, there is no firm
plan. We are saying what we think will happen.
가끔씩 미래 시제는 미래에 대해 예언을 할 때 많이 쓰인다. 확실한 계획이 없을 때 말이다.
우리가 생각하는 것은 일어난다고 말한다.
Here are some examples
- It will snow tomorrow.
- People won't go to the job fair.
- Who do you think will get the position?

Be
When the main verb is be, we can use future tense even if we have a firm plan or
decision before speaking.
주된 동사가 be동사 일 때는, 우리가 확실한 계획이 있거나 결정한일이 있더라도 미래 시제를
쓸 수 있다
Examples:
- I'll be in Tokyo tomorrow.
- I'm going biking. I won't be very long.
- Will you be at the gym tomorrow?

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Exercise

Fill in the blanks with the correct verb tense.

1. Chuck _____ (read) a new book every month.

2. I ______ (cook) spaghetti last Saturday night.

3. I ______ (call) my friend last night.

4. David and Jack _______ (study) their notes this morning.

5. Sara ___________ (travel) to Japan next week.

6. I ______ (talk) to Mike last night.

7. I __________ (visit) my grandmother tomorrow.

8. She _____ (sing) really well.

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Lesson 11 (나는 메인 거리에 있다)

Prepositions
Prepositions of place tell us where something is or happens
장소에 관한 전치사는 어떤 것이 어디에 있던지, 어디에서 일어나는 것인지 말해준다.
On the sofa
Under the bed

Examples

A : Excuse me, where can I find the supermarket?


B : The supermarket is on Main Street.
A : Where did you find your book?
B : I found my book under the table.

Prepositions of Time
IN
Use 'in' with months and years and periods of time
(월, 년 안에서의 시간을 말할 때에 쓰인다.)
- in January
- in 1978
- in the twenties
Use 'in' with a period of time in the future
(미래의 정해진 기간을 말할 때 쓰인다.)
- in a few weeks
- in a couple of days

AT
Use 'at' with precise time: (정확한 시간과 함께 쓰인다.)
- at six o'clock
- at 10:30
- at two P.M.

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ON
Use 'on' with days of the week: (주중의 날을 나타 낼 때 쓰인다.)
- on Monday
- on Fridays
Use 'on' with specific calendar days:
(달력의 특정한날을 나타낼 때 쓰인다.)
- on Christmas day
- on October 22nd

Tips
*remember
in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening 이라고 하지만,
but we say, "at night"

Preposition Use - in / at / to - prepositions of place and movement

IN
Use 'in' with static (non-movement) verbs and cities, countries, states
- stay in Canada
- work in Manila
AT
Use 'at' with static (non-movement) verbs and places
- at the cinema
- at work
- at home
TO
Use 'to' with verbs of movement such as go, come, drive, etc.:
- go to work
- drive to California

- 59 -
Preposition Use - for / while / during

FOR
Use 'for' with a period of time to express the duration or 'how long'
something has happened
- for three weeks
- for many years
WHILE
Use 'while' plus a verb form
- while I was watching TV
- while I lived in New York
DURING
Use 'during' with a noun to express 'when' something happens
- during class
- during my vacation
- during the discussion

Exercise

Fill the blanks with the appropriate prepositions.


[On, in, under, at, to, for, while during]

1. Hello, Ann! I saw your friend __ the library.

2. I will be working __ Los Angeles.

3. The show will be __ July 29.

4. Do you know that Jamie is doing her homework _____ doing the laundry?

5. I got my tattoo ______ spring break.

6. You make a right turn __ the traffic lights.

7. Rachel is waiting __ the bottom of the stairs.

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8. Peter is sitting __ the couch next to the counter.

9. I am going to Spain __ Tuesday.

10. She will give birth __ March.

Conversation 1

Jean : Hi Frank! I'm glad you could visit me today. How are you?
Frank : Everything's fine, thank you. How about you?
Jean : Oh, I'm okay! Come inside! Would you like something to drink?
Frank : Sure! I'll just have water, thank you. Your house looks nice.
Jean : Thank you. I always keep it nice and neat. I'll be happy to show
you around.
Frank : Great! Where does that hall lead to?
Jean : That hall leads to all the bedrooms. There are 3 bedrooms.
There are 2 rooms on the left and the biggest room is on the right.
Frank : And that door at the end of the hall?
Jean : That is the bathroom and before that is my room.
Frank : And this is your living room?
Jean : Yes, this is where I entertain my guests like you. Sometimes,
I bring them into my porch where the air is fresh and
there are plants all around.
Frank : Wow! I'd like to sit in the porch and feel how it's like to have one.
th
Considering that my apartment is on the 10 floor. I don't have a porch or
even a terrace to enjoy the view.
Jean : You can stay as long as you want.
Frank : Is that a church across the street?
Jean : Yes and about 3 blocks from the church is the school where I work.
Frank : That's great! You just have to walk to get to work?
Jean : Yes, that's why I love my place !

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Vocabulary

nice : 좋은, 훌륭한 neat : 산뜻한, 아담한


hall : 복도 entertain : 대접하다, 즐겁게 하다
guest : 손님, 객 porch : 베란다, 현관
considering : ~을 고려하면 apartment : 아파트, 공동주택
terrace : 계단 모양의 뜰 place : 장소, 곳

Exercise

A: Which part of Jean's house did Frank find the most interesting?
B: _________________________________________.

A: What kind of house does Frank live in?


B: Frank lives ____________________________.

A: Why does Jean love her place so much?


B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: What is your house like?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What is your neighborhood like?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Where do you usually entertain your guests?


B: _________________________________________.

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Practice Conversation 1

Carol : Hi, Lisa! How are you?


Lisa : I'm doing great! How have you been? It's been a long time.
Carol : I know, I just came back, I now stay in Madrid.
Lisa : Really? Well, I am about to leave, too. I will be working in Los Angeles.
Carol : That's awesome! But I thought you were teaching English in Moscow?
Lisa : And I thought you were practicing Medicine in Florida!

Practice Conversation 2

Kate : Hi Jason! How come you look so tired?


Jason : Well, I have been sick for two weeks, so I had to stay in bed.
Kate : I was also sick for a week before and I really felt weak.
Jason : I still feel weak but I have to go back to work because my project
has been delayed for more than two weeks already.
Kate : I worked on my project for a month, so don't worry.
Jason : For many years, I have never been delayed handing in work, that's why I am
really worried.

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Lesson 12
(저에 대해서 무엇을 말씀하실 수 있겠습니까?)

Adjectives (형용사)
An adjective is a word that tells us more about a noun. It is also considered as a
"Describing word"
형용사는 명사에 대해 더 말해 주는 역할을 한다. 또한 “묘사하는 단어들”이라고 한다.

Example

This bag is small and handy.

That house looks big and sturdy.

She is a beautiful young lady.

That car is fast.

Comparative Adjectives (비교 형용사)

When we talk about two things, we can "compare" them. We can see if they are
the same or different. Perhaps they are the same in some ways and different in
other ways. We can use comparative adjectives to describe the differences. Often,
the comparative adjective is followed by "than".

우리는 두 가지에 대해 이야기 할 때, 비교를 하게 된다. 두 가지가 같거나 다르다고 할


수 있다. 아마도 어떤 부분에서 같고 어떤 부분에서 다를 수 있다.
비교형용사는 이 다른 부분을 묘사할 때 쓰인다. 때때로, 비교 형용사 뒤에는 “than"
이라는 말이 붙는다.

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Example

Their house is bigger than our house

My book is thicker than yours

Is French more difficult than English?

Canada is bigger than America.

Superlative Adjectives (최상의 형용사)


A superlative adjective expresses the extreme or highest degree of a quality. We
use a superlative adjective to describe the extreme quality of one thing in a group
of things. We use a superlative adjective to describe one thing in a group of three
or more things.
최상의 형용사는 극단적인 것이나 최상의 질을 표현할 때 쓰인다. 한 그룹 안에서 가장
최고의 질을 묘사할 때 최상의 형용사가 쓰인다. 또한 세 개 이상의 것이 그룹 안에
있을 때 한 가지를 묘사 할 때도 최상의 형용사가 쓰인다.

Be careful!
- Adjectives don't have a singular and plural form OR a masculine, feminine and
neuter form.
- Adjectives are always the same! Never add a final -s to an adjective.
- Adjectives can also be placed at the end of a sentence if they describe the
subject of a sentence.
Example : My doctor is excellent.
- Adjectives are placed before the noun
* 형용사는 단수나, 복수나, 남성이나, 여성이나, 중성의 형태가 없다.
* 형용사의 형태는 항상 같다. 뒤에 절대 ‘s'가 붙지 않는다.
* 문장의 주어를 묘사한다면, 형용사는 문장의 맨 끝에 오기도 한다.

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Example

Chris is the tallest boy in class.

Asia is the biggest continent in the world.

Italian cars are the fastest cars in the world.

My friend Melissa is an amazing woman. She is intelligent, hilarious, and gorgeous


and has a heart of gold. Fortunately, Melissa married a handsome and responsible
man named Philip. They have two beautiful children named, Jeff and Jade. They now
live in this small town in California.
Melissa has always dreamed about having a wonderful family since she was young.
Now, that it has been fulfilled, she just wants to keep her life simple and happy and
hope that her children will always stay healthy.

Vocabulary

amazing : 놀랄 정도의, 굉장한 intelligent : 지적인, 영리한


hilarious : 명랑한, 즐거운 gorgeous : 찬란한, 화려한
handsome : 풍채 좋은, 잘 생긴 responsible : 책임 있는
beautiful : 아름다운, 고운 wonderful : 훌륭한, 굉장한

Exercise

A: How did the person describe Melissa?


B: _________________________________________.

A: How many children does Melissa have?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Where do Melissa and her family live?


B: _________________________________________.

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A: What is the Melissa's dream?
B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: Describe your best friend.


B: _________________________________________.

A: Describe your family.


B: _________________________________________.

A: How would you describe the kind family you want?


B: _________________________________________.

Exercise

1. Chris is ______ than Mark.


a. Tall
b. Taller
c. Tallest

2. This book is _____ than your book.


a. Old
b. Older
c. Oldest

Practice Conversation

Dan : Excuse me, I am looking for a young man named Arthur.


Carl : But the Arthur I know is an old man.
Dan : He has short hair and a big mole on his cheek.
Carl : The Arthur I know has long hair and does not have a mole on his cheek.
Dan : He always carries this brown briefcase.

- 67 -
Carl : You're probably talking about Anthony. The nice guy who delivers
big packages.
Dan : Yes, the guy who delivers those big and heavy packages.
Do you know where I can find him?
Carl : Yes, enter that white-wooden door and you will see a black desk.
He usually stays there.
Dan : Thank you.
Carl : You're welcome.

- 68 -
Lesson 13
(질문해도 되겠습니까?)

Kelly : Hi! My name is Kelly. I will conduct your interview today.


May : Sure, I'm ready.
Kelly : So, tell me about yourself.
May : My name is May. I am 20 years old and I am an Economics
Major in Central University.
Kelly : That's interesting! I'd like to ask you about your everyday
routine because we are doing this documentary about students
in university. So, what time do you wake up everyday?
May : I get up at 7 o'clock in the morning everyday.
Kelly : And what do you do after waking up?
May : I take a bath, brush my teeth, dress up for school then eat my breakfast.
Kelly : What do you usually eat for breakfast?
May : I just have cereal with milk.
Kelly : That's wonderful! Do you have any extra activities?
May : I go to the gym every Tuesday and Thursday. I make sure
that I stay healthy and fit.
Kelly : How do you spend your weekends?
May : I spend my weekends at my parents' house, since I stay at the
dormitory during school days.
Kelly : That's great! Thank you for answering my questions. Good Luck!
May : You're welcome.

Vocabulary
conduct : 집행하다, 안내하다 interview : 회견, 면접
economics : 경제학 routine : 일상, 반복되는 일
documentary : 문서의, 서류의 cereal : 씨리얼, 곡물, 곡류
activities : 활동, 활약 healthy : 건강한, 튼튼한
dormitory : 기숙사

- 69 -
Exercise

A: What is May's major?


B: May's major is ____________________________.

A: What time does May wake up everyday?


B: May wakes up _________________________________.

A: What does May eat for breakfast?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What does May usually do on Tuesdays and Thursdays?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Where does she spend her weekends?


B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: What are your mornings like?


B: _________________________________________.

A: What do you do after getting up from bed?


B: _________________________________________.

A: Do you have any extra activities?


B: _________________________________________.

Question words (질문 용어들)


Question words are used to ask about specific qualities, times, places, people.
They are different from yes / no questions.
질문 용어들은 특정한 질, 시간, 장소, 사람들을 물어볼 때 쓰인다.
이 질문 용어들은 긍정과 부정에 따라 달라진다.

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Question words (질문 언어들)
Who (누가)
Use : Asking about people (사람에 대해 물을 때)
Who is your favorite singer?
Who are they?
What (무엇을)
Use : Asking about things or activities (사물이나 활동에 대해 물을 때)
What is a mobile phone?
What do you do in yoga class?

What kind of / type of (어떤 종류의/ 어떤 형태의)


Use : Asking about specific things or characteristics
(특정한 것이나 특징에 대해 물을 때)
What type of car do you drive?
What kind of person is he?

What time (몇시에)


Use : Asking for a specific time (특정한 시간을 물을 때)
What time is it?
What time does the show begin?

Why (왜)
Use : to ask for a reason or explanation (이유나 설명을 물을 때)
Why are you late?
Why are the people shouting?

When (언제)
Use : to ask for time or day (시간이나 날을 물을 때)
When is your birthday?
When are you going to New York?

How (어떻게)
Use : to find out things (방법이나, 어떠한 것을 찾기 위해 물을 때)
How did you bake the cake?
How many people were there?

Which (어느 것)
Use : when making choices (선택을 하기위해 물을 때)
Which color do you prefer?
Which car is better?

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Exercise

Fill the blanks with appropriate Question words.

1. ____ is your mother's name?

2. ___ do you cook spaghetti?

3. ____ kind of car do you drive?

4. ____ time are you going to work?

5. ___ are you going to school?

6. ___ are you late?

7. ____ is your birthday?

8. _____ is California?

9. ___ is your favorite singer?

10. ____ is your favorite color?

11. ___ is she lonely?

12. ___ do you manage your time?

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Practice Conversation 1

A : Wow Rita! Where did you get this recipe? It's really good!
B : Thank you. I bought the cookbook in a bookstore.
A : What is the name of the bookstore?
B : It's called "Books for Less"
A : Where is it located?
B : Inside the downtown mall.
A : I see. I want to get my own copy of the book.

Practice Conversation 2

A : What time is the next show?


B : I think it's at 8 o'clock.
A : When do we get in then?
B : Probably, 15 minutes before the show.
A : Why do we have to come in early?
B : I want to get the best seats. I heard this show is really good.

Practice Conversation 3

A : Who's next?
B : I don't know. I just came in.
A : What time did you come in?
B : Just 5 minutes ago.
A : How long will the session take?
B : I think it's about 10 minutes per patient.
A : Where is the end of the line?
B : It is there by the door.

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Lesson 14
(여기서 저 좀 도와주셔야겠어요!)

“Telling the Time” (What time is it? - I)

A : Excuse me. Can you tell me the time, please?


B : Yes, of course. It's five o'clock.
A : Thank you.
B : No Problem.

(What time is it? - II)

A : What time is it?


B : It's half past three.
A : Thanks.
B : You're welcome.

“In a Shop” (Shopping for Shoes)

A : Can I help you?


B : Yes, I'm looking for a pair of shoes.
A : What size do you need?
B : I need a size 8, please.
A : How about this pair?
B : Yes, that pair is very nice. Can I try them on?
A : Certainly, please take a seat.
B : Thank you.
A : How do they fit?
B : They are too small. Do you have a bigger size?
A : Yes, here you are.
B : Thank you. I'll take them.
A : Okay, Thank you.
B : How much are they?
A : They are $150.

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B : Okay, here's $200.
A : Here's your change. And please come again!
B : Thank you, goodbye.

“Asking for Directions” (Directions I)

A : Excuse me. Is there a drugstore near here?


B : Yes. There's a drugstore on the corner, across the road from the church.
A : What is the name of the drugstore?
B : It's called Smith Pharmacy.
A : Thank you.
B : You're welcome.

(Directions II)

A : Excuse me. Is there a supermarket near here?


B : Yes. There's one near here.
A : How do I get there?
B : On the next corner, take the first left and go straight on.
It's on the left side.
A : Is it far?
B : Not really.
A : Thank you.
B : Don't mention it.

“In a Motel / Hotel” (Getting a Room for the Night)

A : Good evening. Can I help you?


B : Yes, please. I'd like a room for the night.
A : Would you like a single room, or a double room?
B : A single room, please. How much is the room?
A : It's $55 per night.

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B : Can I pay by credit card?
A : Certainly. We take Visa, Master Card and American Express.
Could you fill in this form, please?
B : Do you need my passport number? No, just an address and your signature.
A : (fills out the form) Here you are.
B : Here's your key. Your room number is 212.
A : Thank you.
B : Thank you. If you need anything, dial 0 for the reception area.
Have a good stay!

“At a Restaurant” (Ordering a Meal)

A : Hi. How are you doing this afternoon?


B : Fine, thank you. Can I see the menu, please?
A : Certainly, here you are.
B : Thank you. What's today's special?
A : Grilled tuna and cheese on rye.
B : That sounds good. I'll have that.
A : Would you like something to drink?
B : Yes, I'd like a soda.
A : Thank you. Here you are. Enjoy your meal!
B : Thank you.
A : Can I get you anything else?
B : No thanks. I'd like the check/bill please.
A : That'll be $6.75.
B : Here you are. Keep the change!
A : Thank you! Have a good day!
B : Bye

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“On the Phone”

A : Hello! Good Morning


B : Good Morning! How may I help you?
A : Hi, I'm Anna, may I please speak with Ken?
B : Hi, this is Ken speaking. How are you Anna?
A : I'm doing great, thank you! How are you?
B : I'm fine! Anyway, why are you calling?
A : I'm calling to ask if you are still going to the company picnic on Saturday.
B : Of course, count me in!
A : Great! I'll see you Saturday then!
B : Sure.
A : Bye! Have a nice day!
B : You too! Bye!

“At the Train Station”

A : Hi! Where can I find the ticket booth?


B : Just go straight. It's at the end of the hall.

“at the ticket booth”

A : How much is the fare to go to San Francisco?


B : It's $10 if you are getting a round trip ticket.
A : What time does the train leave?
B : It will be leaving in 10 minutes. It is on track 4.
A : How do I get to Track 4?
B : You just follow this hall then turn left at the first corner. Take the red train.
A : What is the color of the train again?
B : It's red.

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“Giving and Requesting Personal Information”

A : What's your surname (family name)?


B : My last name is Harris.
A : What's your first name?
B : My first name is George.
A : Where are you from?
B : I am from Albany, New York
A : What's your job?
B : I am a Lawyer
A : What's your address?
B : My address is 34 West Chester St.
A : What is your phone number?
B : My phone number is 845-308-6730
A : How old are you?
B : I'm 54 years old.
A : Are you married?
B : Yes, I am and I have three children.

“At the Airport” (Checking In)

A : Good morning. Can I have your ticket, please?


B : Here you are.
A : Thank you. Would you like smoking or non-smoking?
B : Non-smoking, please.
A : Would you like a window or an aisle seat?
B : An aisle seat, please.
A : Do you have any baggage?
B : Yes, this suitcase and this carry-on bag.
A : Here's your boarding pass. Have a nice flight.
B : Thank you.

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“Passport Control”

A : Good morning. Can I see your passport?


B : Here you are.
A : Thank you very much. Are you a tourist or on business?
B : I'm a tourist.
A : That's fine. Have a pleasant stay.
B : Thank you.

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Lesson 15 (복습)

Can you tell whether the following words are adverbs of time or place?

EARLY EVERYWHERE

MORNING MIDNIGHT

UPSTAIRS NEARBY

TODAY LATER

DOWNSTAIRS TOMORROW

YESTERDAY

Choose two adverbs of time and use them in your own sentences.

Choose two adverbs of place and use them in your own sentences.

Fill in the blanks with the correct adverb of manner.

1. I have to walk (slowly, easily) because my foot hurts.

2. They welcomed us (sadly, cheerfully), as soon as we arrived.

3. Mother (gently, quickly) wiped away my tears.

4. She (easily, angrily) answered all questions.

5. The car ran (smoothly, cheerfully) even if it was old.

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What do these idioms mean?

1. Donkey's years

2. Hit the bulls-eye

3. Let the cat out of the bag

4. Act like an ape

What is the main idea of the paragraph?

Today is a beautiful day. The sun is shining bright. The sky is clear and blue. The
flowers are blooming beautifully in full color. The birds are singing in the trees. I'm on
vacation and I can do whatever I want on this beautiful day.

- 81 -
Fun English Training
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