TUNNEL TYPE SILT

EJECTOR
TUNNEL TYPE SILT EJECTOR
The silt after it has entered the canal is extracted
or thrown out by SILT EJECTOR. It is placed in
the bed of main canal and is located say 1000
yard d/s of the head regulator. It is curative or
remedial measures. It is also called silt extractor.
WHY WE NEED SILT EJECTOR
 The basic idea behind the design is that the lower
layer of water contains heavy silt and upper layers
of water contain very fine silt. The fine silt is very
fertile and it may be allowed to enter the canal. But
heavy silt deposit in channels. Therefore it should
not be allowed to deposit in the canal because by
depositing on bed and sides, it reduces their
capacity for carrying water. So the heavy silt is
excluded by silt ejector.
Concentration of Silt in Water
.
Location of Tunnel Type Silt
Ejector
Plan & Cross-section of Typical Silt
Ejector
Plan & Cross-section of Typical Silt
Ejector (Cont..)
 
 It consists of a horizontal diaphragm placed slightly
above the canal bed. The diaphragm thus separates the
top water level from the bottom layer containing heavier
silt charge. The discharge through the tunnels is
governed by the gate opening of the escape chamber.
The escape channel is given a steeper slope so that the
silt is discharged back to the river through the shortest
route.
Designing Points
 It should be located about 1000 yards d/s of the head regulator.

 The bed width of canal is divided into a number of tunnels.

These tunnels curve to right or left and pass under the canal
bank to terminate in a regulator, which is provided with gates to
regulate the discharge.

 The Height of tunnel should be 20 to 25% of the design depth of

water in canal.

 The top of slab of the tunnels usually projects 1.5 ft to 2 ft u/s at

the entrance.
A velocity of 8 ft/s – 10 ft/s through the tunnel is
adequate to move sand size sediments.

Escape water is thrown back into the river d/s of the

head works.
Normally a minimum head of at least 2.5 ft is
required to operate the ejector.

20% of the canal discharge is usually diverted into

the ejector. This means that 20% additional discharge
over and above the canal design discharge is allowed to
enter the canal at the head regulator.
 The discharge can be calculated by this formula:
Q = C.A.
Where:
C = co-efficient of discharge
A = tunnel area
H = head of water
And C = [1 + 0.4 + ]
R = hydraulic mean radius
L = length of the tunnel