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maS .H rimA
ROTIDE SEIRES
nodnoL nodnoL egelloC ytisrevinU ,loohcS lacideM egelloC ytisrevinU dna eerF layoR tsigolotamuehR dna naicisyhP lareneG tnatlusnoC
nonyeB .C.L.H
ROSIVDA LAIROTIDE
nodnoL nodnoL egelloC ytisrevinU ,loohcS lacideM egelloC ytisrevinU dna eerF layoR
maS .H rimA
enicideM ni stluseR tseT yrotarobaL dna sngiS ,smotpmyS fo Z±A
SISONGAID LAITNEREFFID DIPAR
moc.gnihsilbupllewkcalb.www//:ptth :etisbew ruo tisiv ,gnihsilbuP llewkcalB no noitamrofni rehtruf roF namrahC etaK :rellortnoC noitcudorP yelwoR nahtanoJ :rotidE noitcudorP ttaylU alociN :tnatsissA lairotidE seyoN ikciV :rotidE gninoissimmoC wotsdaP ,dtL lanoitanretnI JT yb modgniK detinU eht ni dnuob dna detnirP aidnI ,.dtL .tvP secivreS noitamrofnI maloK yb regiturF tp§9 / §7 ni teS yrarbiL hsitirB eht morf elbaliava si eltit siht rof drocer eugolatac A
X7901±1504±1 NBSI
1341003002
12cdÐ5 70.616?
0
3002 52S.5.17CR? .eltiT .I ]3002 r781S 93 BW .skoobdnaHÐserudecorP dna seuqinhceT yrotarobaL .3 .skoobdnaHÐsmotpmyS dna sngiS .2 .skoobdnaHÐlaitnereffiD ,sisongaiD .1 :MLND[?? .cte ,slaunam ,skoobdnaHÐlaitnereffiD ,sisongaiD?.1? XU7901U1504U1 NBSI ? Á Á Á .mc ;.p??? .nonyeB .C.L.H ,rosivda lairotide ;maS .H rimA/enicidem ni stluser tset yrotarobal dna ,sngis ,smotpmys fo ZUA :sisongaid laitnereffid dipaR Á .H rimA ,maS ataD noitacilbuPUniUgnigolataC ssergnoC fo yrarbiL Á Á 3002 dehsilbup tsriF .rehsilbup eht fo noissimrep roirp eht tuohtiw ,8891 tcA stnetaP dna sngiseD ,thgirypoC KU eht yb dettimrep sa tpecxe ,esiwrehto ro gnidrocer ,gniypocotohp ,lacinahcem ,cinortcele ,snaem yna yb ro mrof yna ni ,dettimsnart ro ,metsys laveirter a ni derots ,decudorper eb yam noitacilbup siht fo trap oN .devreser sthgir llA .8891 tcA stnetaP dna sngiseD ,thgirypoC eht htiw ecnadrocca ni detressa neeb sah kroW siht fo rohtuA eht sa deifitnedi eb ot rohtuA eht fo thgir ehT ailartsuA ,3503 airotciV ,notlraC ,teertS notsnawS 055 ,dtL ytP aisA gnihsilbuP llewkcalB KU ,QD2 4XO drofxO ,daoR notgnisraG 0069 ,dtL gnihsilbuP llewkcalB ASU ,8105±84120 sttesuhcassaM ,nedlaM ,teertS niaM 053 ,.cnI ,gnihsilbuP llewkcalB dtL gnihsilbuP llewkcalB yb 3002
Q
1 ,sesongaid laitnereffiD xi ,snoitaiverbba fo tsiL iiv ,droweroF
stnetnoC
3002 yraunaJ nonyeB .C.L.H .snoitanimaxe lacidem rof gnisiver ni sa llew sa ecitcarp yadyreve ruoy ni lufesu koob siht dnif uoy taht epoh ew ,evitsuahxe ton hguohtlA .ecitcarp lacinilc dna yduts rieht gnirud retnuocne yam srotcod dna stneduts lacidem hcihw stluser tset yrotarobal dna sngis ,smotpmys fo egnar a rof snoitanalpxe elbissop edivorp ot si
sisongaiD laitnereffiD dipaR
fo mia ehT
.sesuac rieht dna snoitatneserp lacidem suoirav ssucsid smaet rieht dna snaicisyhp tnatlusnoc tnereffid ,ydob tnatlusnoc eht fo srebmem lareves yb dednetta sgniteem lacidem eseht nI .ytinutroppo gninrael elbaulav dna elbayojne yrev a sa tropeR gninroM eht rebmemer latipsoH eerF layoR eht ta dekrow ro deiduts evah ohw esohT .2002±0002 doirep eht gnirud tropeR gninroM latipsoH eerF layoR eht ta detneserp sesac eht fo sesongaid laitnereffid eht fo noitcelloc a si koob sihT
droweroF
sedosipe ekilUekorts dna sisodica citcal ,yhtapolahpecne lairdnohcotim SALEM Á enomroh gnizinietul HL avac anev roirefni CVI oitar dezilamron lanoitanretni RNI esaesid lewob yrotammalfni DBI emordnys cimearu citylomeah SUH suriv xelpmis sepreh VSH yhtapoymoidrac evitcurtsbo cihportrepyh MCOH suriv ycneicifedonummi namuh VIH esarefsnart lysobirohpsohp eninaugUenihtnaxopyh TRPGH Á suriv C sititapeh VCH niportodanog cinoirohc namuh GCh suriv B sititapeh VBH etartinirt lyrecylg NTG esaesid xulfer laegahposeortsag DROG enomroh gnisaelerUniportodanog HRnG Á esaditpepsnart lymatulgUammag TGG Á esanegordyhed etahpsohpU6Uesoculg DP6G Á Á esaditpepsnart lymatulgUammag TGUg Á Á enomroh gnitalumits elcillof HSF dica citecaartetenimaidenelyhte ATDE suriv rraB±nietspE VBE sisobmorht suonev peed TVD sisodicaotek citebaid AKD ssenfaed ,yhporta citpo ,sutillem setebaid ,sudipisni setebaid DAOMDID noitalugaoc ralucsavartni detanimessid CID 1 eneg ,emosomorhc X eht no eneg aisalpopyh lanerdaUlasrever xes evitisnesUegasod 1XAD Á Á egatteruc dna noitatalid C&D metsys ralucsavoidrac SVC tnedicca ralucsavorberec AVC diulf lanipsorberec FSC enomroh gnisaelerUnihportocitroc HRC Á redrosid yranomlup evitcurtsbo cinorhc DPOC edixonom nobrac OC surivolagemotyc VMC aimeakuel citycohpmyl cinorhc LLC esanik enitaerc KC negitna cinoyrbmeonicrac AEC eruliaf caidrac evitsegnoc FCC yhportrepyh citatsorp ngineb HPB ralucirtnevoirta VA tcefed latpes lairta DSA emordnys ssertsid yrotaripser etuca SDRA emit nitsalpobmorht laitrap detavitca TTPA ydobitna cimsalpotyc lihportuenitna ACNA ydobitna raelcunitna ANA noitallirbif lairta FA enomroh ciportocitroconerda HTCA emyzne gnitrevnocUnisnetoigna ECA Á
snoitaiverbba fo tsiL
suriv retsoz allecirav aidracyhcat ralucirtnev tcefed latpes ralucirtnev noitcefni tcart yraniru enoruen rotom reppu aruprup cinepotycobmorht citobmorht emit nibmorht enomroh gnitalumits dioryht kcatta cimeahcsi tneisnart sisolucrebut aidracyhcat ralucirtnevarpus susotamehtyre supul cimetsys HDA etairporppani fo emordnys amonicrac llec suomauqs sitietso ,sisotsorepyh ,sisolutsup ratnalpomlap ,enca ,sitivonys enomroh dioryhtarap negitna cificepsUetatsorp Á esatahpsohp enilakla ekilUlatnecalp Á susoiretra sutcud tnetap emordnys yravo citsycylop asodon sitiretraylop llip evitpecartnoc laro laegnalahposratatem esatcuder etalofordyhartet enelyhtem sisorelcs elpitlum noitcrafni laidracoym aisalpoen enircodne elpitlum
VZV TV DSV ITU N MU PTT TT HST AIT BT TVS ELS HDAIS CCS OHPAS HTP ASP PALP ADP SOCP NAP PCO PTM RFHTM SM IM NEM
snoitaiverbba fo tsiL
x
ssecsba cinerhpbuS ylagemonelps ,)esaesid llec elkcis .g.e( noitcrafni cinelps ,erutpur cinelpS
)QUL( tnardauq reppu tfeL
ainomuenp rabol dedisUtfel ,amotameah htaehs sutcer ,ssecsba saosp Á ,ygolohtap pih ,lanimodba lartnec ,cibuparpus ,QUL eeS :saera tnecajda morf niaP FIR eeS :niap laneR FIR eeS :evitcudorpeR emordnys lewob elbatirri ,noitapitsnoc ,recnac cinoloc ,esaesid lewob yrotammalfni ,sitilucitrevid :lanitsetniortsaG
)FIL( assof caili tfeL
FIL ,FIR eeS :saera tnecajda morf niaP sititsyC noitneter yranirU
cibuparpuS
ainomuenp rabol dedisUthgir ,amotameah htaehs sutcer ,ssecsba saosp ,ygolohtap pih ,niap Á niorg ,niap lanimodba lartnec ,cibuparpus ,QUR eeS :saera tnecajda morf niaP )senots laner( ciloc cireteru ,ITU :laneR sitset dednecsednu ni recnac ,sitilucisev lanimes :selaM .sisoirtemodne ,esaesid yrotammalfni civlep/sitigniplas ,ycnangerp cipotce ,egahrromeah /erutpur/noitrot tsyc nairavo ,)noitaluvo( zremhcslettiM :selameF :evitcudorpeR emordnys lewob elbatirri ,noitapitsnoc ,recnac cinoloc ,esaesid lewob yrotammalfni ,)nerdlihc ni( mulucitrevid s'lekceM ,)nerdlihc ni ,ainisreY( sitineda ciretnesem ,siticidneppa :lanitsetniortsaG
)FIR( assof caili thgiR
retsoz sepreH )eruxelf citapeh( recnac cinoloC namow tnangerp a ni .g.e ,siticidneppA noitcrafni yranomlup ,ainomuenp .g.e ,ygolohtap laruelp/yranomlup ,niap nioL ,FIR ,)reclu citpep ,sititaercnap .g.e( cirtsagipE eeS :saera tnecajda morf niaP ssecsba cinerhpbus/citapeh ,sruomut citapeh ,)emordnys iraihC±dduB ,eruliaf caidrac evitsegnoc ni .g.e ,evitsegnoc( ylagemotapeh ,sititapeh :ygolohtap reviL sitignalohc ,ciloc yrailib ,)suoluclaca eb yam yllanoisacco ,senotsllag ot detaler yllausu( sititsycelohc :ygolohtap reddalb llaG
)QUR( tnardauq reppu thgiR
emordnys lewob elbatirri ,aispepsyd recluUnon :sredrosid lanoitcnuF Á ainomuenp ,sitidracirep ,IM .g.e ,ygolohtap laruelp /yranomlup/caidrac ,niap lanimodba lartnec ,QUR eeS :saera tnecajda morf niaP citaercnap ,cirtsag :ycnangilaM sitirtsag etucA sitigahposeo xulfeR sititaercnaP reclu citpeP
niap lanimodbA
cirtsagipE
A
1
niap lanimodbA
)enitsetni detcurtsbo eht ni diulf ,seticsa( diulF )ytisebo( taF
noisnetsid lanimodbA
emordnys lewob elbatirrI revef diohpyt ,airalam ,sisolucrebut ,setisarap lanitsetni :snoitcefnI revef naenarretideM lailimaf ,)asodon sitiretraylop ,aruprup nielnÐhcS±hconeH .g.e( sitilucsav :yrotammalfnI yhtaponedahpmyl ,)stnalugaocitna .g.e( egahrromeah laenotireporter ,sisirc llec elkcis :lacigolotameaH silasrod sebat ,retsoz sepreH :lacigolorueN gninosiop dael ,amotycomorhcoeahp ,airyhprop ,aimearu ,aimeaclacrepyh ,sisirc nainosiddA ,sisodicaotek citebaid :cilobateM )erar ,noitcefni suriv B eikcasxoC( esaesid s'mlohnroB ,ainomuenp ,IM :yrotaripseR/SVC
sesuac lacideM
emordnys lewob elbatirrI )woleb ees( sesuac lacideM aimeahcsi ciretneseM esaesid lewob yrotammalfnI noitcurtsbo lanitsetnI sitinotireP sitiretneortsaG
niap lanimodba esuffiD
serutcarf civleP ygolohtap piH )laniugni( ainreH )niorg ot mutorcs morf gnitaidar niap( sitihcroUomydidipe ,noisrot .g.e ,niap ralucitseT Á )niorg ot niol morf gnitaidar niap( senots laneR
niap niorG
nmuloc larbetrev morf niaP esaesid yendik citsycyloP sisobmorht niev laneR amonicrac laneR )noitcurtsbo tcart yranirU eeS( senots laner .g.e ,noitcurtsbO sisorhpenoyp/ssecsba cirhpenirep ,)sitirhpenoleyp( ITU :noitcefnI
niap nioL
]2J[&]1J[
eassof caili ,cirtsagipe .g.e ,saera tnecajda morf niaP aimearu ,sisodicaotek citebaid .g.e ,sesuac lacideM )asodon sitiretraylop .g.e ,sitilucsav ,msilobme ,sisobmorht( aimeahcsi ciretnesem ,)derutpur ,gnikael( msyruena citroa lanimodba :ralucsaV sitiretneortsag ,siticidneppa ylrae ,noitcurtsbo lanitsetni :lanitsetniortsaG
)lacilibmuirep( lanimodba lartneC
retsoz sepreH )eruxelf cinelps( recnac cinoloC noitcrafni yranomlup ,ameypme ,ainomuenp ,sitidracirep ,IM .g.e ,ygolohtap laruelp/yranomlup/caidrac ,niap niol ,FIL ,)reclu citpep ,sititaercnap .g.e( cirtsagipe eeS :saera tnecajda morf niaP
deunitnoc niap lanimodbA
niap lanimodbA 2
noitsegni edirolhc muinomma ,)4 & 1( sisodica ralubut laneR? H " edimalozateca ,msidioryhtaraprepyh ,)slatem yvaeh? /sgurd .g.e( egamad ralubut laner ,)2 epyt( sisodica ralubut laner :ssol laneR ymotsodiomgisoreteru 3 ,ymotsoeli ,)citaercnap ,lanitsetni ,yrailib( alutsif ,aeohrraid :ssol IG ÿOCH # pag noina lamroN
sisodicA
cilobateM
aimeahtycobmorhT esaesid s'rehcuaG .g.e ,esaesid egarots lamososyL enob fo esaesid s'tegaP recnac etatsorP
" ,esatahpsohp dicA
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sisociliS sisotsebsA amohpmyL BT sisodiocraS
ECA
emordnys sisotycohtnaca±aerohC msidioryhtopyH msinelpsopyH eruliaf laner cinorhC eruliaf reviL aixeronA )sticifed lacigoloruen ,asotnemgip sitiniter htiw detaicossa( aimeanietorpopilatebA )ebut ATDE ni detcelloc doolb( tcafitrA
sisotycohtnacA
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snacirgin sisohtnacA
detalid ,sniev llaw lanimodbA
noitcurtsbo avac anev roirefnI )noisnetrepyh latrop( easudem tupaC sgnillews dna sessaM eeS sessam lanimodbA
.seceaf ,sitilucitrevid ,suluvlov ,recnac :lewob egraL .sisolucrebut ,ruomut ,ydob ngierof ,sueli enotsllag ,esaesid s'nhorC ,noitpecsussutni ,eainreh ,snoisehda :lewob llamS* )amohpmyl ,amonedatsyc nairavo na .g.e( ylagemonagro tnaiG suteF seceaF )*noitcurtsbo lanitsetni( sutalF 3 sisodicA
amoPIV ,amoneda suolliv ,esuba evitaxal ,gnitimoV
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sisolaklA
cilobateM
stset noitcnuf reviL eeS esatahpsohp enilaklA
stset noitcnuf reviL eeS )TLA( esarefsnart onimaUeninalA Á
)etsat fo tnemriapmi( aisuegsyD osla
eeS
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aisuegA
muirileD eeS etats lanoisufnoc etucA
'tsehc lialf` citamuart ,ytisebo ereves ,sisoilocsohpyk ereveS
llaw tsehC
sisylarap citamgahpaid ,stnaxaler elcsum ,seihportsyd ralucsum ,sivarg ainehtsaym :elcsum/noitcnuj ralucsumorueN airyhprop etuca ,sitileymoilop ,esaesid enoruen rotom ,emordnys OrraB±nialliuG :senoruen rotoM Ä
ralucsumorueN
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peels evitcurtsbo ,noitcurtsbo yawria egral ,DPOC ,)ylnommocnu( amhtsa ereveS
sgnuL
stnega citehtseana rehto dna setarutibrab ,senipezaidozneb ,setaipo :sgurD )ruomut ,amuart ,noitammalfni ,noitcefni ,ralucsav .g.e( ertnec yrotaripser gnivlovni esaesid cinagrO
yrotaripseR
gninosiop etalycilaS eruliaf laneR )SALEM .g.e( sredrosid lairdnohcotim ,ycneicifed esatahpsohpU6UesoculG? Á Á eruliaf reviL? amohpmyL? aimeakueL? )emordnys tug trohs( sisodica citcaLUD? Á eniduvodiz ,locylg enelyhte ,lonahtem ,lonahte ,nimroftem :sgurD? aimeana ereves ,esicrexe ereves ,)citpes/cigahrromeah( kcohs .g.e ,aixopyh eussiT? :sisodica citcaL noitavrats ,lohocla ssecxe ,sutillem setebaid :sisodicaoteK
SNC
pag noina hgiH
sisodicA
sisodicA 4
deunitnoc
ailatineg suougibmA
etidorhpamrehoduesP snavlaced sitilucillof ,acidiopil sisoiborcen ,diogihpmep laicirtacic ,sunalp nehcil :esaesid nikS sisodiocras ,amredorelcs ,ELS :esaesid yrotammalfnI ysorpel ,)sisainamhsieL( laozotorp ,)mrowgnir .g.e( lagnuf ,)xelpmis sepreh ,allecirav( lariv ,silihpys ,)siragluv supul( BT ,noitcefni cinegoyp :noitcefnI snrub/amuarT
eeS
gnirracS
latinegnoC )ycneicifed cirolac ,nitoib ,cniz ,nori( ycneicifed lanoitirtuN )sutillem setebaid ,msidioryhtrepyh/opyh ,msiratiutipopyh( sesaesid enircodnE )sdioniter /A nimativ ,sgurd dioryhtitna ,stnalugaocitna ,sPCO ,niropsolcic ,scixototyc( sgurD )amezce ,sisairosp .g.e( sesaesid suoenatuC ).cte ,htribdlihc ,ssenlli elirbef ,yregrus .g.e( ,sserts htiw detaicossa ,elcyc htworg riah eht fo esahp gnitser ni sriah fo rebmun ni yrotisnart :muivulffe negoleT ainamollitohcirt ,noitcarT ataera aicepolA )ssendlab nrettap elamef/elam( gnigA
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"
gnirracsUnoN Á
aicepolA
aimeacitpes ev
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marG ,)etuca( eruliaf revil :srehtO?
)amuart ,ruomut ,noitcefni ,AVC( esaesid SNC? gninosiop OC ,gninosiop etalycilaS? thgir ,sitiloevla gnisorbif ,SDRA ,msilobme yranomlup
tnuhs tfel
!
,amedeo yranomlup ,ainomuenp ,DPOC ,amhtsa :)I epyt( eruliaf yrotaripseR? noitalitnevrevo lacinahceM? )edutitla hgih ,ycnangerp ,revef ,niap ,yteixna( lacigoloisyhP? :noitalitnevrepyH
yrotaripseR
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tnemtaert ni noitartsinimda etanobracib muidos
""
sisodica yrotaripser rof noitasnepmoC
rehtO
ecudni osla ,
)ssol K H fo ssol laner/IG fo sesuac evoba eht taht eton osla( aimealakopyH H fo tfihs ralullecartnI emordnys s'namletiG ,emordnys s'rettraB osla( sciteruid pool dna sedizaiht :sciteruiD
)noiterces enoretsodla
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norhpen latsid ot yreviled
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)msilobatem diocitrococulg
#
dna esanegordyhed
dioretsyxordyhU11 stibihni( ecirouqil ,emordnys s'gnihsuC :sdiocitrococulG Á
msinoretsodlarepyH
:)noiterces
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ANA
decuder si ecnaraelc laner sti dna nilubolgonummi .g.e ,nietorp rehtona htiw dexelpmoc si esalyma :aimeasalymaorcaM )iddO fo retcnihps fo msaps( enihproM spmum ,iluclac :sredrosid dnalg yravilaS eruliaf laneR sisodicaotek citebaiD ycnangerp cipotce derutpur ,noitcurtsbo lanitsetni ,noitarofrep ,reclu citpep :nemodba etucA )etuca( sititaercnaP
" ,esalymA
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eeS
tneisnart/etucA
aisenmA
scilati
etoN
mutpes lanigav esrevsnart ,nemyh etarofrepmi ,suretu tnesba
)emordnys
s'renruT
(
ycneicifed
.aeohrronema yramirp htiw ylno tneserp ni sesuac ehT : emordnys s'gnihsuC ,sruomut lanerda :slanerdA msidioryhtrepyh/opyh :dioryhT C&D .g.e ,noitatnemurtsni dna noitcefni ot 2 gninil lairtemodne fo gnirracs :emordnys s'namrehsA :anigav/suretU .g.e sisnegsyd nairavo ,)yparehtoidar ,yregrus ,enummiotua ,spmum .g.e noitcefni( seiravo ot egamad ,eruliaf nairavo erutamerp ,SOCP :seiravO aimeanitcalorprepyh ,msiratiutipopyh :yratiutiP )emordnys s'nnamllaK fo trap ro detalosi( ,ssol thgiew ,esicrexe evissecxe ,aixerona ,noitavrats :sumalahtopyH )arevorPUopeD .g.e( sgurd ,esuaponem ,noitatcal ,ycnangerp :lacigolohtapUnoN Á Á
HRnG
aeohrronemA
aeohrronemA
6
sispes ,airunibolgomeah lanrutcon lamsyxorap ,)selsaem ,sititapeh ,VIH ,surivovrap 91B( noitcefni lariv ,noitaidar ,)enezneb ,noihtarap( slacimehc ,)etaxertohtem ,dlog ,locinehpmarolhc ,scixototyc( sgurd :deriuqcA atinegnoc sisotareksyd ,aimeana inocnaF :detirehnI cihtapoidI
citsalpA
esaesid laner dna revil ot yradnoces ,airunibolgomeah lanrutcon lamsyxoraP aidirtsolc ,airalam :noitcefnI airunibolgomeah hcraM ,sevlav traeh laicifitra ,)aispmalceUerp ,noisnetrepyh tnangilam Á ,CID ,SUH ,PTT( aimeana citylomeah cihtapoignaorcim :amuart :enummiUnoN Á enidiniuq ,nillicinep :sgurD nrobwen fo esaesid citylomeah ,noitcaer noisufsnarT :enummiollA )amohpmyl ,sesuriv rehto ,VBE .g.e ,snoitcefni ,cihtapoidi( seidobitna dloC ,)apodlyhtem
,.ps
amsalpocyM
.g.e ,sgurd ,amohpmyl ,ELS ,cihtapoidi( seidobitna mraW :enummiotuA
deriuqcA
ycneicifed esanegordyhed etahpsohpU6Uesoculg ,ycneicifed esanik etavuryp :stcefed cilobateM Á Á sisotycotpille ,sisotycorehps :stcefed enarbmeM aimeassalaht ,aimeana llec elkcis :seihtaponibolgomeaH
citylomeaH
eruliaf worram enoB eruliaf laneR ycnangerP )aimeana citycorcam esuac osla yam( msidioryhtopyH )aimeana citycorcam esuac osla yam( aimeana citylomeaH )ycnangilam ,sesaesid eussit evitcennoc/yrotammalfni ,noitcefni cinorhc( esaesid cinorhc fo aimeanA
yratidereH
citycomroN
]6J[
)citycorcim eb yam tub ,citycomron netfo( esaesid cinorhc fo aimeanA gninosiop daeL aisalpsydoleym ,dael ,)locinehpmarolhc ,dizainosi( sgurd ,lohocla ,)deknilUX( latinegnoc :aimeana citsalborediS Á aimeassalahT )snagev .g.e( ekatni
#
,)ycnangerp ,htworg( sdnamed
,)esaesid lewob llams ,ymotcertsag( noitprosba
" #
)elanedoud amortsolycnA( mrowkooh ,)]airutameah ,aigahrronem .g.e[ latinegoru ,]ycnangilam ,reclu citpep .g.e[ IG( ssol doolb :ycneicifed norI
citycorciM
aisalpsydoleyM esaesid reviL msidioryhtopyH aimeana citylomeaH ycneicifed
21B/etaloF
]5J[
aimeanA
7 aimeanA
citycorcaM
lohoclA
niap latceronA
erussif lanA ysorpeL sisairosP amezce ralummuN emrofitlum amehtyrE snargim mucinorhc amehtyrE mugufirtnec eralunna amehtyrE susotamehtyre supul suoenatuc etucabuS sisodiocraS eralunna amolunarG aesor sisairytiP airacitrU
snoisel niks ralunnA
siroproc aeniT
amedeo elknA
amedeO aimeana citsalbolageM aimeassalahT
eeS
sisotycosinA
ycneicifed norI llabeye citehtsorP )sisairdyM
eeS(
sisairdym ro )sisoiM
eeS(
sisoim laretalinU
ytilauqeni lacigoloisyhP
airocosinA
sitiliehC
sititamots ralugnA
gninosiop dael ,aimeaclacrepyh ,ylagemorcA aimeana llec elkciS enob fo esaesid s'tegaP emordnys solnaD±srelhE mucitsale amohtnaxoduesP
eeS
skaerts dioignA
sruomut lanerdA emordnys s'gnihsuC
aisalprepyh lanerda latinegnoC
noitazinegordnA
SOCP sitiloc cibeoma .g.e ,snoitcefnI sisotamolunarg s'renegeW
ACNAUc Á
sesaesid enummiotua citamuehr ,sititapeh enummiotua ,sisohrric yrailib ,sitignalohc gnisorelcs ,esaesid lewob yrotammalfni :oslA esaesid ssuartS±gruhC sitiignaylop cipocsorciM
ACNAUp Á
ACNA
ACNA 8
etiteppa
# ,ssol
# ,etiteppA #
aisahpsyD
thgieW eeS
eeS
aisahpA
noisuffe laidracirep egraL noisuffe laruelp dedisUL Á xarohtomuenp dedisUL Á DPOC aidracortxeD llaw tsehc ralucsum ,ytisebO
detaplap ton taeb xepA
)sisonets lartiM
eeS(
sisonets lartiM
gnippaT
)noitatigruger citroA )noitatigruger lartiM
noitatigruger citroA noitatigruger lartiM
eeS( eeS(
)dedaol emulov( gnitsurhT
noisnetrepyh cimetsyS )sisonets citroA
eeS(
sisonets citroA
)dedaol erusserp( gnivaeH
taeb xepA
ylredle ni VA dipsucirt a fo noitareneged/noitacificlaC VA dipsucib latinegnoc a fo noitacificlaC esaesid traeh citamuehr ot yradnoces sisonetS
sisonets citroA
esaesid lewob yrotamma¯ni ,atcefrepmi sisenegoetso ,emordnys solnaD±srelhE ,mucitsale amohtnaxoduesp ,emordnys s'nafraM :srehtO PB
"" ,)emordnys
s'retieR
]7J[
,sitilydnops gnisolykna .g.e ,seditirhtra evitagenores ,sitirhtra diotamuehr( seditirhtra ,)silihpys .g.e( sititroa ,noitcessid citroa :noitatalid gnir evlav dna atroA evlav citroa dipsucib ,amuart ,revef citamuehr ,sitidracodne evitcefni :seitilamronba/egamad telfael evlaV
noitatigruger citroA
etalap tfelc ,)ycneicifed HRnG dna aimsona( emordnys s'nnamllaK :latinegnoC sesaesid evitarenegedoruen ,amuart daeh ,)amoigninem .g.e( assof roiretna eht fo roolf eht no sruomut :lacigolorueN spylop lasan ,)sitinihr( noitsegnoc lasaN
aimsonA
reclu latcer yratiloS amuarT ycnangilaM xaguf aiglatcorP amotameah lanaireP ssecsba lanaireP )desobmorht ,detalugnarts( sdiohrromeaH
9
etiteppA
:sgnuL stnega citehtseana rehto dna setarutibrab ,senipezaidozneb ,setaipo :sgurD? )ruomut ,amuart ,noitammalfni ,noitcefni ,ralucsav( ertnec yrotaripser gnivlovni esaesid cinagrO? :SNC
)2 epyt :eruliaf yrotaripser(
2OC aP
hgih ,aixopyH
SDRA tnuhs L R
!
sisorbif yranomluP ainomuenP amedeo yranomluP msilobme yranomluP DPOC amhtsA
)1 epyt :eruliaf yrotaripser(
2OC aP
wol ro lamron ,aixopyH
sesag doolb lairetrA
sisairalif ,ycnangilam ,noisicxe lacigrus ,yparehtoidar :tnemevlovni edon hpmyl yrallixA )bir lacivrec ,esicrexe evissecxe htiw detaicossa :niev yrallixa( )TVD( sisobmorht suonev peeD sitilulleC amuarT )erar( amedeohpmyl latinegnoC
gnillews mrA
niap redluohS
osla eeS
niap caidrac derrefeR )dioryht ,yendik ,etatsorp ,tsaerb ,gnul :yradnoces ,yramirp( sruomut :enoB msilobme ,sisobmorht suonev/lairetra ,sisonets yretra naivalcbus :ralucsaV emordnys lennut lapraC seihtaporuen larehpireP bir lacivrec ,recnac gnul lacipa :tnemevlovni suxelp laihcarB )sruomut ,sisolydnops lacivrec ,csid despalorp( noisserpmoc droc lanips lacivrec :lacigolorueN )aiglarhtraonoM
eeS
( sitirhtrA
yrujni niarts ,amuarT
niap mrA
emordnys solnaD±srelhE airunietsycomoH emordnys s'nafraM gnidnif lamroN
ylytcadonhcarA
negonirbif dna ,II ,V ,X ,IIIV ,XI ,IX ,IIX :srotcaf noitalugaoc fo noitibihni ro ycneicifed .e.i yawhtap cisnirtni eht srotinom TTPA :
etoN
CID
]8J[
nirapeH ycneicifed K nimativ ,ypareht nirafraW esaesid reviL esaesid s'dnarbelliW nov ailihpomeaH
" "
,TTPA
TTPA
01
.cte ,esaesid s'nosliW ,esaesid musfeR .g.e ,sesuac cilobatem/citeneg rehto suoremun dna sisodilais ,yhportsydokuel citamorhcatem ,sisonicsufopil diorec ,esaesid shcaS±yaT ,esaesid kciP±nnameiN .g.e ,sesaesid egarotS )aixata rallebereconips .g.e( tnanimod lamosotua ,)aisatceignalet aixata ,aixata s'hcierdeirF .g.e( evissecer lamosotua :saixata yratidereH yhporta metsys elpitlum :evitarenegeD noitamroflam iraihC±dlonrA ,emordnys reklaW±ydnaD ,aisalpopyh ralleberec :latinegnoC amedeoxym ,niotynehp ,lohocla :cilobatem/cixoT citsalpoenarap ,sesatsatem ,amotycortsa ,amotsalboignameah ralleberec :ruomuT amuarT sitilucsav ,sisorelcs elpitlum :noitammalfnI sisocrecitsyc ,sisomsalpoxot ,BT ,ssecsba ralleberec ,allecirav :noitcefnI egahrromeah ,noitcrafni :ralucsaV
aixata rallebereC
aixatA
2OC
noitneter
eruliaf reviL
sixiretsA
stset noitcnuf reviL
eeS TSA
stset noitcnuf reviL eeS )TOGS ,TSA( esarefsnart onimaUetatrapsA Á
noitalumitsrepyh nairavo ,)noisuffe laruelp ,seticsa ,amorbif nairavo( emordnys 'sgieM :eraR emordnys citorhpeN sitidracirep evitcirtsnoc ,eruliaf caidraC
etadusnarT
)amohpmyl ,yregrus .g.e ,scitahpmyl fo noitcurtsbo( seticsa suolyhC sisobmorht niev latrop ,)noitcurtsbo niev citapeh( emordnys iraihC±dduB )msidioryhtopyh( amedeoxyM sititaercnaP cinegoyp ,BT .g.e :noitcefnI )amoilehtosem laenotirep ,civlep ,lanimodba( ycnangilaM
sishorriC
seticsA
aiglarhtrayloP dna aiglarhtraonoM
etaduxE
eeS aiglarhtrA
'tsehc lialf` citamuart ,ytisebo ereves ,sisoilocsohpyk ereveS? :llaw tsehC sisylarap citamgarhpaid ,stnaxaler elcsum seihportsyd ralucsum ,sivarg ainehtsaym :elcsum/noitcnuj ralucsumorueN? airyhprop etuca ,sitileymoilop ,esaesid enoruen rotom ,emordnys OrraB±nialliuG :senoruen rotoM? Ä :ralucsumorueN aeonpa peels evitcurtsbo ,noitcurtsbo yawria egral ,DPOC ,amhtsa ereveS?
11
aixatA
)erar( kcolbimeh roiretsop tfeL aidracortxeD )yawhtap yrossecca dedisUtfel( etihW±nosnikraP±ffloW Á )laretalUoretna( IM Á msilobme yranomlup ,)DPOC ot yradnoces .g.e( yhportrepyh ralucirtnev thgiR
)DAR( noitaived sixa thgiR
)stcefed noihsuc laidracodne .g.e( stcefed traeh latinegnoc ,ycnangerp ,ytisebO )sucof ralucirtnev tfel( aidracyhcat ralucirtneV )sepyt emos( emordnys etihW±nosnikraP±ffloW )llaw roirefni( IM kcolbimeh roiretna tfeL
)DAL( noitaived sixa tfeL
noitaived sixA
sisairosp laruxelF sititamred tcatnoC
)noitcefni
muiretcabenyroC( amsarhtyrE
aenit ,sisaididnac :noitcefni lagnuF
hsar susotamehtyre yrallixA
sititamred cieohrrobeS )srevid aesUpeed ni( esaesid s'nossiaC ;esaesid s'rehcuaG ,esaesid s'yrbaF :rehtO Á lohoclA sititaercnaP ycnangerP )ELS ,sitirhtra diotamuehr .g.e( sesaesid eussit evitcennoC emordnys s'gnihsuC sdioretS llec elkciS yparehtoidaR )rumef fo kcen ,diohpacs .g.e( erutcarF
sisorcen ralucsavA
aixata yrosneS
deunitnoc
sebatoduesp citebaid ,yhtapoleym lacivrec ,)silasrod sebat( silihpys ,)ycneicifed
21B
eeS( droc eht fo noitareneged denibmoc etucabuS
aixatA
aixatA 21
sisaidraiG :noitcefnI )sitigahposeo .g.e( sugahposeo dna )sdiohrromeah .g.e( suna eht dnuora noitammalfnI )sragus rehto dna( esotcal ot ecnarelotnI emordnys lewob elbatirrI aispepsyd recluUnoN Á amonicrac citaercnap ,ycneiciffusni citaercnap ,esaesid yrailib ,esaesid caileoc ,)enitsetni llams( htworgrevo lairetcab :noitprosbalaM rewolfiluac ,egabbac ,snaeb .g.e ,esoniffar etardyhobrac eht gniniatnoc sdooF )eruxelf cinelps ro citapeh( tnempartne riA )ria fo stnuoma egral fo gniwollaws lautibah( aigahporeA sag fo tnuoma lamron fo ssenerawA
"
ecnelutalf dna gnitaolb ,gnihcleB
aimeassalahT aimeana citsalborediS )esaditoelcunU 5Uenidimiryp fo noitibihni( gninosiop daeL Á Á ycneicifed esaditoelcunU 5UenidimiryP Á Á
0
gnilppits cilihposaB
0
tsyc nairavo ,sisoirtemodne ,esaesid yrotammalfni civlep ,sruomut eniretu ,recnac latcer ,esaesid laner ,recnac citaercnap ,reclu citpep ,msyruena citroA
civlep/IG/ralucsaV
noisserpmoc droC )amoleym elpitlum ,sisatsatem( ycnangilaM )sitileymoetso lairetcab ,BT( noitcefnI
sesuac suoireS
retsoz sepreh ,enob fo esaesid s'tegaP ,sisoropoetso ,noitacidualc lanips dna sisonets lanips ,sitirhtraoetsO
)raey 04
( stneitap redlO
sisehtsilolydnops ,sitilydnops gnisolykna ,csid despalorP
)raey 04
( stneitap regnuoY
niap kcaB
ytivitca suounerts ,serutcarf/amuarT
) 21B setavitcani( edixo suortin ,)latinegnoc( ycneicifed nimlabocsnarT
]9J[
)snagev( ekatni
# rehtO
nimroftem .g.e ,noitprosbalam decudniUgurD Á )mrowepat hsif ,eurps laciport ,amohpmyl ,htworgrevo lairetcab ,sisolucrebut ,esaesid s'nhorC ,esaesid caileoc( esaesid/yregrus laeli lanimreT )ymotcertsag ,aimeana suoicinrep( rotcaf cisnirtnI
#
noitprosbA
ycneicifed
21B
#
B
31 ecnelutalf dna gnitaolb ,gnihcleB
sisotycorehpS sisotycoluciteR aisamorhcyloP
:sisotycorehpS
:sisotycoluciteR :aisamorhcyloP :sisotycolikioP
sisotycolikioP seidob remiehneppaP
eeS eeS eeS eeS
eeS
:seidob remiehneppaP
stsalbomroN noitcaer diomeakueL aimeana citsalborhtyreokueL
eeS
:stsalbomroN
eeS
:noitcaer diomeakueL
eeS
:aimeana citsalborhtyreokueL
aimorhcopyH seidob ylloJ±llewoH mlif doolb cihpromiD
eeS
:aimorhcopyH
]01Q[
:seidob ylloJ±llewoH
eeS eeS
:mlif doolb cihpromiD
sllec rruB
eeS
:sllec rruB :stsalB
stsalB
eeS
gnilppits cilihposaB
eeS
:gnilppits cilihposaB :sisotycosinA
sisotycosinA sisotycohtnacA
eeS eeS
:setycohtnacA
mlif doolB
ecnelutalf dna gnitaolb ,gnihcleB
eeS
gnitaolB
)ainepotycobmorhT
eeS
"
( ainepotycobmorhT
,emit gnideelB
noitalugaoc ralucsavartni detanimessiD? nirafraw/ycneicifed K nimatiV? esaesid reviL? ailihpomeaH? :sredrosid noitalugaoC )emit gnideelB
ees
( sredrosid teletalP
degnolorp ,gnideelB
sisorbifoleyM aimeakueL
stsalB
'skcatta pord` ni ssensuoicsnoc fo ssol tucraelc on si ereht :
etoN
aimeacylgopyh :cilobateM )gninrutUdaeh ro kcen eht gnivahs no .g.e( ytivitisnesrepyh Á sunis ditorac ,hguoc ,noitirutcim :ytivitcarevo lagav fo sesuac rehtO noitome ,sgnidnuorrus mraw ni .pse gnidnats degnolorP
)aidracydarb xelfer( lagavosaV
)ylerar( )AIT( kcatta cimeahcsi tneisnart/ekorts ,yspelipE
lacigolorueN
tuptuo caidrac
#
taht noitidnoc yna ,noitcessid citroa ,IM
)srotibihni ECA .g.e( noitacidem evisnetrepyhitna ,)setebaid .g.e( yhtaporuen cimonotua ,aimealovopyh :noisnetopyh larutsoP sisonets yranomlup ,msilobme yranomlup ,MCOH ,sisonets citroa :noitcurtsbo wolftuO aidracyhcat ,)kcolb traeh( aidracydarb :aimhtyhrrA
)niarb eht ot wolf doolb
#
tneisnart( ralucsavoidraC
stuokcalB
stuokcalB
41
ycnangilaM )sititsam ,ssecsba tsaerb( noitcefnI niap tsaerb lacilcyC
niap tsaerB
ssecsbA aisatce tcuD eleocotcalaG
stsyc suoecabes ,samopil :spmul tsaerbUnoN Á
sisorcen taF recnaC tsyC
spmul tsaerB
ecidnuaj evitcurtsbO aimrehtopyH msidioryhtopyH )erusserp lainarcartni
amonedaorbiF
"(
xelfer s'gnihsuC
kcolb ralucirtnevoirtA emordnys sunis kcis ,)aimeahcsi edon suniS( IM etucA nixogid
,)limaparev .g.e( tsinogatna lennahc
2
aC ,rekcolbU Á
b ,enoradoima :sgurD
skcatta lagavosaV ssentif lacisyhP
aidracydarB
emordnys thgirblA±enuCcM
peelS
atcefrepmi sisenegoetsO
sway ,silihpys :esaesid lamenoperT stekciR
aibit fo gniwoB
emordnys s'nafraM
esaesid s'tegaP
emordnys solnaD±srelhE atcefrepmi sisenegoetsO mucitsale amohtnaxoduesP
earelcs eulB
esaesid s'nosliW amonaleM
noitcefni sanomoduesP
amotameah lagnubuS
)s(lian eulB
aeohrraiD
aeohrraid ydoolB
noisnetopyH dna noisnetrepyH rednu
eeS
# & " ,erusserp doolB # "
sllec tegraT
eeS
sllec pordraeT
eeS :sllec pordraeT eeS :sllec tegraT
51
niap tsaerB
sitisoymylop ,yhportsyd ralucsum ,sivarg ainehtsaym :elcsuM emordnys OrraB±nialliuG ,noitartlifni laegninem ,esaesid enoruen rotom :evreN Ä ruomut ,aiblubognirys ,)sitilahpecne oilop .g.e( noitcefni ,ralucsav :)metsniarb( ielcuN
:slevel tnereffid eerht ta snoisel )IIX ,X ,XI( sevren lainarc :yslap rabluB
yslap rabluboduesp dna rabluB
sisorbiF recnac gnuL ssecsbA noisuffe laruelp evobA )ainomuenp( noitadilosnoC
gnihtaerb laihcnorB
seitimrofed llaw tsehc ,sredrosid ralucsumorueN xarohtordyh citohrriC emordnys lanerotapeH noisnetrepyh yranomluP )esaesid gnul lanoitapucco /latnemnorivne ,sgurd ,sesaesid eussit evitcennoc ,cinegotpyrc( sisorbif yranomluP recnac gnuL sisatceihcnorb ,noitcefni tsehC DPOC amhtsA )esaesid traeh raluvlav ,saimhtyhrra ,eruliaf traeh( esaesid caidraC ilobme yranomlup tnerruceR aimeanA
)skeew±syad( cinorhC
sisodica cilobateM )BT ,lagnuf ,lariv ,lairetcab( noitcefni tsehC DPOC amhtsA )amedeo yranomlup( eruliaf ralucirtnev tfeL
)sruoh( etucabuS
yteixnA sixalyhpanA ydob ngieroF xarohtomuenP msilobme yranomluP
)setunim( etucA
ssensselhtaerB
amesyhpmE xarohtomuenP noisuffe laruelP
# ,sdnuos htaerB
sitibelhpobmorht laicifrepus ,sitirdnohcotsoc :niap llaw tsehC sisorcen taF aisatce tcuD
espalloC
deunitnoc niap tsaerB
niap tsaerB
61
noisufsnartUtsoP Á ycneicifed esanik etavuryP eruliaf laneR recnac hcamotS
]21J[
sllec rruB
ylamona s'nietsbE ,tcefed latpes lairtA msilobme yranomlup evissaM yhtapoymoidraC esaesid traeh cimeahcsI
)BBBR( kcolb hcnarb eldnub thgiR
sisorbif metsys noitcudnoC )noisnetrepyh ,sisonets citroa( yhportrepyh ralucirtnev tfeL yhtapoymoidraC esaesid traeh cimeahcsI
)BBBL( kcolb hcnarb eldnub tfeL
thgir dna tfel ,skcolb hcnarb eldnuB
)sisodiolyma ,ycnangilam lanretni ,esaesid lewob yrotammalfni htiw detaicossa( atisiuqca asollub sisylomredipe ,atinegnoc asollub sisylomredipE emrofitlum amehtyrE )toof dna dnah( amezcE sgurD setebaiD )esaesid caileoc htiw detaicossa( simrofitepreh sititamreD adrat aenatuc airyhproP sinoitatseg sepreh :ycnangerP diogihpmep ,sugihpmeP seibacs ,)noitcaer 'di` ,sidep aenit( lagnuf ,)eikcasxoc ,VSH ,VZV( lariv ,sitilullec ,ogitepmi :snoitcefnI snrub ,)ekans/tcesni .g.e( setiB
snoisel niks suolluB
esaesid ladimarypartxE )serehpsimeh htob gnivlovni( esaesid ralucsaV ycnangilaM esaesid enoruen rotoM sisorelcs elpitluM
metsniarb rewol eht ot snoisel NMU laretalib :yslap rabluboduesP
]11J[
71
sllec rruB
)emordnys lennut laprac ot ralimis saisehteasyd esuac nac sedirecylgirT
"(
snoitapucco launam ,amuarT )ytimrofed lacol( erutcarF sutillem setebaiD sitirhtra diotamuehR sitirhtraoetsO ytisebO )noitneter diulf( noitpecartnoc laro ,ycnangerP amedeoxyM ylagemorcA )eruliaf
laner cinorhc ni sisodiolyma detaler nilubolgorcimU2 Á
b .g.e( sisodiolymA
cihtapoidI
emordnys lennut lapraC
aimeanietorpopiL msidioryhtopyH seognam ,segnaro ,storrac ssecxE
aimeanetoraC
sisaididnac suoenatucocum cinorhC )ereves( ycneicifed norI ycnangerP ycnangilaM VIH ega fo semertxE sdiorets ,stnasserppusonummi ,scitoibitna murtcepsUdaorb :sgurD Á sutillem setebaiD
sisaididnaC
suimencortsag derutpuR msyruena laetilpop derutpuR emordnys tnemtrapmoc ,amuarT erutpur tsyc s'rekaB sitiicsaf gnizitorcen ,sitilulleC sisobmorht suonev peeD
niap/gnillews flaC
aimeana inocnaF emordnys thgirblA±enuCcM sisorelcs suorebuT sisotamorbiforueN
stops tialUuaUOfaC Á Á Ä
esaesid s'remiehzlA eruliaf caidrac evitsegnoC )SDIA ni muidiropsotpyrC ,BT .g.e( noitcefnI ycnangilaM sredrosid gnitae ,noitirtunlaM
aixehcaC
C
aixehcaC 81
sisocilis ,sisoillyreb ,SDIA ,snoitcefni tsehc tnerrucer ,sruomut citatsatem ,amonicrac laihcnorb :srehtO amohpmyL sisodiocraS
yhtaponedahpmyl ralih laretaliB
yarUX tsehC Á
mgarhpaid eht rednu ygolohtap ,aruelp gnivlovni ycnangilaM esaesid eussit evitcennoC sitidracireP ainomuenP xarohtomuenP
BT
niap tsehc citiruelP
noisserpmoc toor evren ,retsoz sepreh :lacigolorueN )erar ,noitcefni suriv B eikcaxoC( esaesid s'mlohnroB ,bir derutcarf ,)sitirdnohcotsoc( emordnys s'eztieT :lateleksolucsuM sititaercnap ,reclu citpep ,ainreh sutaih ,msaps laegahposeo ,sitigahposeo xulfer :lanitsetniortsaG )ELS .g.e( sesaesid eussit evitcennoc ,ainomuenp ,xarohtomuenp ,msilobme yranomlup :yrotaripseR amorehta na otni gnideelb ,msyruena citroa cicaroht fo erutpur ,noitcessid citroa ,sitidracirep ,noitcrafni laidracoym ,sirotcep anigna :slessev egral/caidraC
msilobme yranomluP
niap tsehC
gninosiop OC yhportsydokuel citamorhcatem ,esaesid kciP±nnameiN ,esaesid shcaS±yaT ,sisodilais :sesaesid egarots lamososyL )sitiretra llec tnaig ,msaps ,sulobme ,sisobmorht( noisulcco yretra laniter lartneC
tops der yrrehC
)serutned htiw ro hteet tuohtiw .g.e( htuom eht fo erusolcrevO gnikcusUpiL Á )gnikcusUnep ,skcitspil .g.e( sititamred tcatnoC Á sisaididnaC ycneicifed nivalfobiR aimeana ycneicifed norI
)sititamots ralugna( sitiliehC
)stoor evren yrosnes no erusserp( sisotamorbiforuen ,esaesid htooT±eiraM±tocrahC ,yhtaporuen yrosnes evissergorp ,sway :srehtO ysorpeL aileymogniryS )silasrod sebat( silihpyS sutillem setebaiD
tnioj s'tocrahC
aixatA
eeS
sngis rallebereC
srekram ruomuT
eeS
31Q
AEC
91
yarUX tsehC Á
)msidioryhtaraprepyh( muiclac ,)sisotamorhcomeah( nori ,)esaesid s'nosliW( reppoc :snoi tnelavid ssecxE sitirhtraoetsO
tuogoduesp/sisoniclacordnohC
enihproM eruliaf ralucirtnev tfeL )erusserp lainarcartni
"
,ekorts .g.e( noisserpmoc ro snoisel metsniarB
noitaripser sekotS±enyehC
espalloC aisalpopyh evisnetxe/gnul fo ecnesba latinegnoC ymotcenomuenP noisuffe laruelp egraL
xarohtimeh etihW
amredorelcs ,sitirhtra diotamuehr ,sisotsebsa ,sgurd ,sitiloevla gnisorbif cinegotpyrc :enoz rewoL sisodiocras :enoz elddiM )tsenommoc( BT ,sisodiocras ,sitilydnops gnisolykna ,sitiloevla cigrella cisnirtxe ,noitaidar ,sisolligrepsa yraomlupohcnorb cigrella :enoz reppU
)rucco ylnommoc yeht hcihw ni senoz gnul eht ot gnidrocca deifissalc( swodahs raludonoluciteR
)sisoillyreb ,sisocilis ,sisotsebsa ,sisoinocomuenp 'srekrow laoc( sesoinocomuenP )gnul s'rekrow tlam ,gnul s'reicnaf drib ,gnul 'sremraf .g.e( sitiloevla cigrella cisnirtxE noitaidar ,)niotnarufortin ,nicymoelb ,nahplusub ,enoradoima( sgurD sitilydnops gnisolykna ,sitirhtra diotamuehr ,sisodiocras ,ELS ,amredorelcs :sesaesid eussit evitcennoC sitiloevla gnisorbif cinegotpyrC :sisorbif yranomluP
swodahs raludonoluciteR
)amonicrac llec raloevla ,sisotamonicrac sitignahpmyl( slleC )egahrromeah yranomlup( doolB )amedeo yranomlup( diulF )noitadilosnoc( suP
]41Q[
swodahs raloevla/ecapsriA
noitamroflam VA )sisotamolunarg s'renegeW .g.e( seditilucsaV eludon diotamuehR noisuffe lauelp detsycnE noitcrafnI tsyc ditadyh ,ssecsba ,BT ,ainomuenp :noitcefnI amorbif ,amoneda ,amotramah ,amonicrac llec laner ,recnac tsaerb .g.e ,tisoped citatsatem ,amonicrac laihcnorb :sruomuT
snoisel nioC
tcrafnI )amonicrac llec suomauqs ylralucitrap( ruomuT ssecsbA
snoisel gnul gnitativaC
deunitnoc yar-X tsehC
yar-X tsehC
02
lanitsetniortsaG
sisohrriC
)erar( ainomuenp gnizinagro cinegotpyrC )ameypme ,sisatceihcnorb ,ssecsba( esaesid gnul evitaruppuS )sitiloevla gnisorbif cinegotpyrc .g.e( sisorbiF amoilehtosem ,laihcnorb :recnaC
yrotaripseR
amoxym lairtA sitidracodne evitcefnI esaesid traeh citonayc latinegnoC
ralucsavoidraC
gnibbulC
deriuqcA latinegnoC
noitalugaoc
TTPA
ralucsavartni detanimessiD eeS :CID emit nibmorhT eeS :TT RNI eeS :RNI eeS :TTPA eeS :TP emit nibmorhtorP
neercs gnittolC
yhportsyd ralucsuM amedeoxyM lohocla ,enirpoihtaza ,snitats :snoitacideM noitallirbifed ,sitisoymylop /sitisoymotamred ,aimeahcsi lewob ,amotameah ,seruzies ,esicrexe suorogir ,sisyloymodbahr ,snoitcejni MI ,snrub ,amuart ,yregrus :egamad elcsuM sitidracoym ,noitcrafni laidracoyM
" "
,KC
sutillem setebaiD sisodiocraS )latinegnoc( allebuR )latinegnoc( VMC sisomsalpoxoT
sitiniterodiorohC
msidioryhtarapopyH msidioryhtrepyH aerohc s'mahnedyS ELS aimeahtycyloP ycnangerP noitpecartnoc larO esaesid s'nosliW esaesid s'notgnitnuH
aerohC
aimeatahpsohpopyH aimeasengamopyH )airunotpakla( sisonorhcO ylagemorcA
12
gnibbulC
evitarepoUtsoP? Á emordnys lewob elbatirrI? )sdiorbif .g.e? ,ssam civlep ,sisolucitrevid ,srecnac ,DBI .g.e ,serutcirts( noitcurtsbo lanitsetnI? )espalorp latcer ,erutcirts ,erussif( esaesid latceronA? :lanitsetniortsag/lacigruS ega dlO ytilibommI nori ,)senizaihtonehp ,scilcycirt( scigrenilohcitna ,setaipo :sgurD ekatni diulf etauqedani ,erbif wol :teiD
noitapitsnoC
stuokcalB
osla eeS
yspelipE
aimrehtopyh ,)21B ,enimaiht .g.e( seicneicifed nimativ ,amoc amedeoxym .g.e seihtaponircodne ,secnabrutsid )
2
gM ,
2
aC ,
K ,
aN( etylortcele ,eruliaf laner ,eruliaf revil :cilobateM
stnasserpeditna ,scityloixna ,lohocla ,setaipo .g.e sgurd :cixoT )erusserp lainarcartni
"(
ruomuT
)yrujni daeh( amuarT )noitanileymed( noitammalfnI sitilahpecne ,sitigninem :noitcefnI noitcrafni/egahrromeah lainarcartni :ralucsaV eruliaf yrotaripser ,)citpes ,cimealovopyh( kcohs ,tserra caidrac :aixopyH
# ,ssensuoicsnoC #
esnopser esahp etucA? 4C ro/dna 3C kcohs )cixotodne( ev
aimeacylgopyH
"
ÿ
marG?
yhportsydopil laitrap ,sitirhpenoluremolg yrallipacoignaseM?
eruliaf revil ,snrub ,emordnys citorhpen ,noitirtunlam :sisehtnys
3C # #/ssoL "?
ssenkcis mureS? sitidracodne lairetcab etucabuS? aimeanilubolgoyrc dexim ,ELS? :4C dna 3C
deriuqcA
#
)4C
#
,3C lamron( ycneicifed )rotibihni 1C( esaretse 1C .g.e latinegnoC
ycneicifed tnemelpmoC
srekcolbU Á
b :sgurD
kcohS
msidioryhtopyH
)msapsosav( nonemonehp s'duanyaR )msilobmeobmorht( bmil cimeahcsi etucA
seirehpirep dloC
snoitamroflam VA laihcarb ,msyruena yretra yrallixa :gnibbulc laretalinu ,)sisocixotoryht( yhcaporca dioryhT :srehtO esaesid caileoc .g.e noitprosbalam ,amohpmyl IG esaesid lewob yrotammalfnI
deunitnoc gnibbulC
gnibbulC
22
amedeo yranomluP )sesuac eht rof ,stset noitcnuf gnuL eeS( sisorbif yranomluP
selkcarc eniF
selkcarC
cinegohcysP? eruliaf traeH? srotibihni ECA? esaesid xulfer laegahposeoUortsaG? Á pird lasanUtsoP? Á :sesuac rehtO sisoinocomuenp ,sisodiocras ,esaesid gnul laititsretni ,ycnangilam ,sisatceihcnorb ,)lagnuf ,BT ,ainomuenp( noitcefni ,ilobme yranomlup ,DPOC ,amhtsA? .g.e sesaesid gnul llA? :sesuac yranomluP noitcefni tcart yrotaripser reppU
hguoC
ycnangerp ,negortseo :)GBC( nilubolg gnidnibUlositroC Á
"
sdiocitrococulg suonegoxE noisserpeD )HRC cipotce ,sdionicrac laihcnorb .g.e ,HTCA cipotce ,amonicrac/amoneda lanerda ,amoneda yratiutip( emordnys s'gnihsuC msilohoclA ssenlli cinorhc/etuca ,ssertS
"
,lositroC
amedeollipaP sitisoymotamred ,asodon sitiretraylop ,ELS setats ytisocsivrepyh ,aimeakuel ,aimeana :sredrosid lacigolotameaH yhtaponiter VIH noisulcco niev laniteR yhtaponiter evisnetrepyH )yhtaponiter evitarefilorpUerp( setebaiD Á
stops loownottoC
)sdiorets lacipot ro raew snel tcatnoc ,noisarba laenroc wollof yam snoitcefnI( abeomahtnacA lagnuF )retsoz sepreh ,xelpmis sepreh( lariV )smrofiloc ,sulihpomeaH ,eainomuenp succocotpertS ,sanomoduesP ,sidimredipe/suerua succocolyhpatS( noitcefni lairetcaB
reclu laenroC
)sitiri( sitievu roiretnA amocualg erusolc elgna etucA sititarek ,reclu laenroC
noitacificapo laenroC
esaesid 'sagahC ,esaesid s'gnurpshcsriH ,amredorelcs ,yrujni evren civlep/lanips ,yhtaporuen cimonotua :ralucsumoruen/lacigolorueN gninosiop dael ,airyhprop ,aimealakopyh ,aimeaclacrepyh ,msidioryhtopyh :enircodnE
32
selkcarC
erusserp lainarcartni
" fo
ngis gnizilacol eslaF noisnetrepyh
,sutillem setebaid :)musovren asav( ylppus doolb s'evren eht ot egamaD
IV
)emordnys s'oginedarG( sitisorteP esab lluks fo noitartlifni citsalpoeN )sisobmorht ,ruomut ,msyruena( snoisel sunis suonrevaC noitanileymed/ruomut/AVC metsniarB )amoigninem ,amoruen citsuoca( ruomut elgna enitnopollebereC amonicrac laegnyrahposan ,retsoz sepreh ,aiglaruen lanimegirt :yrosneS
V
amuart daeH
VI
noitcrafni knurt evreN ruomut latibrO sitigninem suotamonicrac/evitcefnI )sisobmorht ,ruomut ,msyruena( snoisel sunis suonrevaC ruomut/noitanileymed/AVC metsniarB )'gninoc`( noitainreh lairotneT amolunarg /ruomut tibro/erussif latibro roirepus ,sunis suonrevac ,metsniarb :ruomuT silihpys ,amonicrac ,amohpmyl ,diocras ,BT :segninem lasab eht fo noitartlifni/noitammalfnI sunis suonrevac eht ni :sisobmorhT? sitiretra llec tnaig ,asodon sitiretraylop? ,ELS ,noisnetrepyh ,setebaid )sesuac 'lacidem`( knurt evren eht ni noitcrafnI? metsniarb eht ni noitcrafnI? sunis suonrevac eht ni ,)metsniarb eht ni( ralisab ,yretra gnitacinummoc roiretsop :msyruenA? :ralucsaV
snoisel evren lainarC
esaesid enoruen rotom ,yhtapoym ,aimeahcsi elcsuM enitsircniv ,nitalpsic ,srekcolb rotpecer II nisnetoignA ,stsinogaU Á
III
]51Q[
b :sgurD
msidioryhtopyH aimealakopyH aimeasengamopyH )sisylaidomeah gnirud lavomer diulf ,gnitaews evissecxe ,sciteruid( noitelped tlas/emulov ralullecartxE gnittis degnolorp ,gninoitisop gel etairporppani ,emordnys ytilibomrepyh ,teef talF cihtapoidI
pmarC
etoN
( DPOC
)tnacifingis ton era gnihguoc no raeppasid taht selkcarc :
)ainomuenp( noitadilosnoC
selkcarc esraoC
deunitnoc
sisatceihcnorB
selkcarC
selkcarC 42
silihpys ,lairetsil ,)laccocotpyrC( lagnuf ,BT ,sitilahpecneogninem/sitigninem lariv :sitigninem evitcefnI
setycohpmyl yltnanimoderP "
sllec etihW
FSC
VCH ,seicnangilam evitarefilorpohpmyl ,)sitilucsav citsalcotycokuel ,ELS .g.e( sredrosid enummiotua/yrotammalfnI :III epyT VBH ,VBE ,noitcefni VCH cinorhC :II epyT aimeanilubolgorcam s'mÐrtsnedlaW ,amoleym elpitluM :I epyT
aimeanilubolgoyrC
ycnangilaM noitammalfnI noitcefnI
" "
,PRC
selkcarC
eeS
snoitatiperC
ssam elcsum woL )ycnangerp( RFG
#
#
"
eniditemic ,mirpohtemirt :noiterces ralubuT
laem taem hgih ,esicrexe retfa :esaercni laminim/tneisnarT )sisyloymodbahr( egamad elcsum etuca ,ssam elcsum hgih ,)eruliaf laner( RFG
"
#
noitartnecnoc amsalp ,eninitaerC
KC
eeS
esanik enitaerC
.snoisel evren lainarc rewol rof emordnys nemarof raluguJ dna yslap rabluboduesp/rabluB
osla eeS
esaesid s'tegaP noitamroflam iraihC±dlonrA xelpitlum sitiruenonoM emordnys OrraB±nialliuG Ä )ruomut ,AVC( snoisel metsniarB aimeakuel ,amohpmyl ,diocras ,BT ,amonicrac :noitartlifni laegninem lasaB amuarT
seislap elpitluM
yslap evren laicaF
eeS
IIV
ruomut latibrO )emordnys s'oginedarG( sitisorteP sitigninem suotamonicrac/evitcefnI ruomut elgna enitnopollebereC snoisel sunis suonrevaC emordnys ffokasroK±ekcinreW ,ruomut/noitanileymed/AVC metsniarB
52
FSC
eruliaf ralucirtnev tfel ,kcohs .g.e tuptuo caidraC # noisulcco lairetrA nonemonehp s'duanyaR erusopxe dloC sisonayc lartnec fo sesuac llA
larehpireP
eruliaf ralucirtnev tfel ,ydob ngierof delahni ,xarohtomuenp ,amhtsa :etucA aimeanibolgomeahflus ,aimeanibolgomeahteM )esaesid traeh latinegnoc citonayc( tnuhs L ! R msilobme yranomlup evissam ,DPOC ,ainomuenp ereves ,sitiloevla gnisorbif :esaesid gnul ot eud refsnart negyxO #
sisonayC
emordnys OrraB±nialliuG Ä ruomuT )ssecsba larudipe ,ruomut( kcolb lanipS
)noitaicossid cimeanimublaotyc( nietorp
lartneC
"
,sllec lamroN
sitigninem suotamonicrac ,seditilucsav SNC ,sisodiocraS sitilahpecne sepreh & sitigninem spmum yllanoisaccO sitigninem )laccocotpyrc( lagnuF sitigninem BT sitigninem lairetcaB
esoculG
#
)h 84±42 tsrif( sitigninem lariv fo esahp laitinI selcirtnev eht otni gnidore ssecsba niarB sitigninem lairetcaB
slihportuen yltnanimoderP
mirpohtemirt ,sDIASN :sgurD sruomut rehto ,aimeakuel ,amohpmyl :)noitartlifni laegninem( ycnangilaM sisorelcs elpitlum ,ELS ,sisodiocras ,esaesid s'teOheB .g.e ,sesaesid yrotammalfnI Â
deunitnoc FSC
FSC 62
snoitcrafni elpitlum :ralucsaV esaesid s'remiehzlA
aitnemeD
setats latciUtsop ,sucitpelipe sutats :yspelipE Á yhtapolahpecne evisnetrepyH snoisel gniypuccoUecaps :ruomuT Á amotameah larudbus ,yrujni daeh :amuarT sitilucsav :noitammalfnI senil VI ,sdnuow lacigrus ,)ylredle .pse( noitcefni yraniru ,noitcefni tsehc :lainarcartxE ,)sisocrecitsycoruen ,airalam larberec ,ssecsba ,sitilahpecne ,sitigninem( lainarcartnI :noitcefnI sisobmorht sunis suonev ,noitcrafni ,gnideelb lainarcartni :ralucsaV )enimaiht ,dica cinitocin ,21B( seicneicifed lanoitirtun ,seihtaponircodne ,)aimeaclacrepyh ,aimeartanopyh .g.e( secnalabmi etylortcele ,eruliaf laner ,eruliaf revil :cilobateM sgurd lanoitaercer ,stsinoga cigrenimapod ,nixogid ,sdioretsocitroc ,stnasluvnocitna ,scityloixna ,scigrenilohcitna ,setaipo :sgurD )yhtapolahpecne s'ekcinreW ,lawardhtiw( lohocla :cixoT aimeacylgopyH )eruliaf caidrac/yrotaripser( aixopyH
)etats lanoisufnoc etuca( muirileD
)aimeaclacrepyh ,sudipisni setebaid ,sutillem setebaid .g.e( airuyloP gnitimov ,aeohrraid :ssol IG gnitaews ssecxe/aixeryP noitirtunlam ,aixerona ,ssenlli ereves :ekatni diulF
# noitardyheD
enob fo esaesid s'tegaP ,esaesid s'erOinOM :srehtO Ä Á
81J
]71J[ ,]61Q[
sisucaybserp :evitarenegeD DAOMDID ,emordnys grubnedraaW ,emordnys troplA .g.e :citeneG aixopyh latanirep ,aispmalce ,allebur lanretam :latinegnoC edimesurf ,sgurd cixototyc ,sedisocylgonima :cixoT amoruen citsuoca :ruomuT yregrus ,yrujni daeh ,esion :amuarT )erar( silihpys ,sitigninem ,spmum ,selsaem :noitcefnI
laruenirosneS
)ycnangilam ro noitcefni ot yradnoces( noisuffe rae elddiM ytilamronba ralucisso ,sisorelcsotO )aidem sitito cinorhc( amotaetselohc ,noitarofrep :murdraE lanac eht ni xaW
ssenfaeD
)stsyc enob( diocraS )noitcrafni worram enob( llec elkciS sitirhtra laccoconoG sitirhtra citairosP
evitcudnoC
sitilytcaD
D
72 aitnemeD
aimeana citsalborediS ymotcertsagUtsoP Á noisufsnartUtsoP Á esaesid reviL ycneicifed etalof/21B dna nori dexiM
mlif doolb cihpromiD
ycneicifed nori taert yllaitraP )bir lacivrec .g.e( noisserpmoc yretra naivalcbuS sresu gurd VI ni noitcejni lairetraUartni tnetrevdanI Á ilobmE nonemonehp s'duanyaR :msapsosaV aimeanilubolgoyrc ,asodon sitiretraylop ,sitirhtra diotamuehr .g.e ,sitilucsaV esaesid s'regreuB ,sutillem setebaid ,esaesid ralucsav larehpireP
energnag latigiD
ycnangilaM sitilucitreviD sitiloc cimeahcsI
esaesid lewob yrotammalfnI
,acitylotsih abeomatn
)desimorpmoconummi eht ni VMC( ,allegihS ,allenomlaS E ,iloc .E cigahrromeaH ,retcabolypmaC :sitiloc evitcefnI
aeohrraid ydoolB
)emordnys nosirroM±renreV( samoPIV ,)yhtaporuen cimonotua( sutillem setebaid ,sisocixotoryht :enircodnE noitapitsnoc ot yradnoces :aeohrraid wolfrevO scitoibitna ,sevitaxal :noitacideM noitceser/esaesid enitsetni llams :noitprosbalaM esaesid lewob yrotammalfnI )VMC ,aidiropsorciM ,aidiropsotpyrC ,yhtaporetne ,)acitylotsih abeomatnE ,aidraiG ,aidiropsotpyrC(
SDIA(
SDIA
setisaraP
,sucitylomeaharap oirbiV ,earelohc oirbiV ,eliciffid muidirtsolC ,snegnirfrep muidirtsolC ,munilutob muidirtsolC ,suerec sullicaB ,suerua succocolyhpatS ,acitilocoretne ainisreY ,iloc .E ,allegihS ,allenomlaS ,retcabolymaC ,)suriv derutcurts dnuor llams ,surivoneda ,surivortsa ,surivator(
lariV
aeohrraiD
:noitcefnI noitcaer gurD revef telracS
esaesid s'ikasawaK
hsar gnitamauqseD
emordnys kcohs cixoT aitnemed ydob yweL ,esaesid noirp ,esaesid s'kciP ,semordnys digir±citenika rehto dna s'nosnikraP :evitarenegeD saixata ralleberec emos ,aerohc s'notgnitnuH ,esaesid s'nosliW :detirehnI )detaeper( aimeacylgopyh ,ycneicifed
21B
nimativ ,amedeoxym :cilobateM setarutibrab ,dael ,lohocla :cixoT citsalpoenarap ,sesatsatem
niarb ,)sulahpecordyh gnisuac( assof roiretsop ,sruomut latnorf :ruomuT egahorrameah larudbus ,yrujni daeh :amuarT sisorelcs elpitlum ,diocras ,ELS ,sitilucsav :noitammalfnI esaesid s'elppihW ,silihpys ,VIH :noitcefnI
deunitnoc
aitnemeD
aitnemeD 82
suonotonom ,tfos :esaesid ladimarypartxE )hceeps citsaps( luftroffe ,tcnitsidni ,wols :yslap rabluboduesP hceeps lasan :yslap rabluB hceeps gninnacs ,derruls :esaesid rallebereC
airhtrasyD
scitebaid dna scilohocla gnoma ycneuqerF
"
lailimaF
erutcartnoc s'nertyupuD
)yslap evren cinerhp ,ylagemotapeh( mgarhpaidimeh desiaR espalloc lasaB )amoilehtosem ,ameypme ,BT dlo( gninekciht laruelP noisuffe laruelP
esab gnul eht ta ssenlluD
yteixna :cinegohcysP sutillem setebaid dellortnocnu ,VIH ,sisodiolyma ,sisodiocras ,emordnys s'nergÐjS :esaesid cimetsyS noitardyheD scitpeloruen ,sciteruid ,senimatsihitna ,stnasserpeditna ,scigrenilohcitna :sgurD
htuom yrD
gnidaer degnolorp ,esaesid 'sevarG ,yslap evren laicaf :erusolc dileyE sciteruid ,sllip evitpecartnoc ,srekcolbU Á
b ,stnasserpeditna ,senimatsihitna :sgurD
#(
reyal nicuM
#
esu snel tcatnoc ,noitcnufsyd lanimegirt :yhtapoilehtipe laenroC )diogihpmep laicirtacric ,snrub ,A nimativ
#
,)noitaidar
,yregrus ,ELS ,sitirhtra diotamuehr ,emordnys s'nergÐjS :sdnalg lamircal fo tnemevlovni( reyal suoeuqA
#
,)sitirahpelb( reyal dipiL
#
:noitcudorp raeT
#
seye yrD
)stuokcalB
eeS(
stuokcalb ,aimeana :ssentniaF ? ? ?
aixatA eeS :ecnalabmI eeS :ogitreV ogitreV
ssenizziD
stfarg ,setib ekans ,snruB noitcaer noisufsnart citylomeaH yregruS amuart ereveS )amonicraconeda ;3M :LMA( :ycnangilaM )ilobme diulf citoinma ,noitpurba latnecalp ,aispmalceUerp ereves ,noitroba dessim :snoitacilpmoc cirtetsbO Á sispes ev± marG :noitcefnI
noitalugaoc ralucsavartni detanimessiD
erutcarf latibrO )sitisoym raluco ,yhtapoym raluco ,sivarg ainehtsaym ,esaesid eye dioryhtsyd( esaesid elcsum ralucoUartxE Á aigelpomlahthpo raelcunretni :sevren eht neewteb noitanidroUoc evitcefeD Á snoisel evren lainarC
eeS ,)IV
,VI ,III( seislap evren lainarC
raluconiB
tcaratac .g.e ,snel ro aenroc morf setanigirO
raluconoM
aipolpiD
92
airhtrasyD
A larumartnI
aisalahc
aigahpsyD
aispepsyd recluUnoN Á sititsycelohc cinorhc :reddalb llaG recnac cirtsag ,sitinedoud ,sitirtsag ,ainreh sutaih ,reclu citpep :munedoud/hcamotS sitigahposeo ,xulfer laegahposeoUortsag :sugahposeO Á
lanimulartnI
ydob ngieroF
aispepsyD
ssam civleP sisoirtemodnE
emordnys lewob elbatirrI
)cinorhc( noitcefni civleP
peeD
lacigolohcysP yregrus ,ymotoisipe ,htribdlihc ,)amredorelcs ,emordnys s'nergÐjS( ssenyrd ,)lasuaponemUtsop( sitinigav cihporta ,noitcefni :anigaV Á saisalpsyd ,esaesid lacigolotamred ,noitcefni :avluV
ainuerapsyD
sruomut nairavO esaesid yrotammalfni civleP sisoirtemodnE sisoymonedA
laicifrepuS
yradnoceS
dnuof esuac cinagro oN
sdiorbiF
aeohrronemsyD
aisuegA osla
yramirP
eeS
noisserpeD msidioryhtopyH VIH sisylaidomeaH ycneicifed
21B/nZ
:lanoitirtuN )sisohrric
,esaesid lewob elbatirri ,DROG( IG ,noitatnalpsnart worram enob ,ycnangilaM :eraR serudecorp latneD )gninosiop dael .g.e( slatem yvaeh ,nicimorhtyralc ,muihtiL ,sgurd dioryhtUitna ,srotibihni ECA ,elozadinortem :snixot/sgurD Á yslap evren laicaF ega dlO egakcolb lasan cinorhC
aisuegsyD
eeS
sisenikohcodaidsyD
sngis rallebereC sisenikohcodaidsyD 03
emordnys larhteru elameF sititsyc laititsretnI sititatsorP sisonigav lairetcab ,silanigav sanomohcirT ,snacibla adidnaC :sitinigaV xelpmis sepreH ,snacibla adidnaC ,silanigav sanomohcirT :srehto ,laccoconog ,laidymalhc :sitirhterU )airusyd fo esuac nommocnu( sitirhpenoleyp etuca ,sitirhteru ,sititsyc :noitcefni tcart yranirU
airusyD
esaesid lairdnohcotiM esaesid s'nosliW .g.e ,evissecer lamosotuA esaesid s'notgnitnuH ,snoitareneged rallebereconips .g.e ,tnanimod lamosotuA emordnys nahyN±hcseL .g.e ,deknilUX Á stnasluvnocitna ,)edimarpolcotem( scitemeitna ,)lodirepolah ,enizamorprolhc ,senizaihtonehp( scitohcyspitna :sgurD
ainotsyD
ssensselhtaerB eeS
cihtapoidI
aeonpsyD
aisahpsyd noitcudnoC )tnanimod( ebol laropmet roirepus roiretsop eht gnitceffa )amuart ,ruomut ,AVC .g.e( snoisel :aisahpsyd )evitpecer( s'ekcinreW )tnanimod( ebol latnorf laretalUorefni Á eht gnitceffa )amuart ,ruomut ,AVC .g.e( snoisel :aisahpsyd )evisserpxe( s'acorB
aisahpsyD
aiblubogniryS
esaesid enoruen rotoM sitisoym yrotammalfnI sivarg ainehtsayM yslap rabluboduesp dna rabluB OrraB±nialliuG Ä
ralucsumorueN
tnemegralne )tfel( lairtA )airosul aigahpsyd( yretra naivalcbus tnarrebA msyruena citroA ainreh sutaih laegahposeoaraP hcuop laegnyrahP
AVC
ertiog lanretsorteR yhtaponedahpmyL
larumartxE
esaesid 'sagahC ,amredorelcs :srehtO yparehtoidar ,sevisorroc ,DROG .g.e ,noitammalfni ro VIH ,VMC ,VSH ,sisaididnac .g.e ,noitcefni :sitigahposeO
recnac gnuL
)laegnyrahp ,cirtsag ,laegahposeo( recna sgnir ro sbew laegahposeO :erutcirts ngine
msaps laegahposeo esuffiD C B
13
airusyD
cihtapoidI
emrofitlum amehtyrE
aisatceignalet cigahrromeah yratidereH sredrosid gnideelb ,stnalugaocitnA sruomut lasaN )eniacoc .g.e( esu sgurd lasanartni cinorhc ,ydob ngierof ,gniwolb lufecrof ,gnikcip eson :noitatirri/amuarT
sixatsipE
tnuoc llec etihW
eeS
ailihponisoE
energnag saG amhtsa .g.e ,esaesid gnul evitcurtsbO noitalitnev erusserp evitisoP yrujni laegahposeO noitresni niard tsehc ,yregrus ,amuarT
lacigrus ,amesyhpmE
tnemges TS
evaw U eeS :evaw U aidracyhcaT eeS :aidracyhcaT eeS :)noisserped dna noitavele( tnemges TS evaw P eeS :)llat dna tnesba( evaw P
amedeoxym ,noisuffe laruelp ,DPOC ,ytisebo :sexelpmoc egatlov woL kcolb hcnarb eldnuB
eeS :)thgir
dna tfel( kcolb hcnarb eldnuB dna tfel( noitaived sixA
noitaived sixA
eeS :)thgir
segnahc GCE
aiglaruen laegnyrahpossolG
lacigolorueN
ydob ngieroF tnioj ralubidnamoropmeT sitignyrahp ,sitillisnoT )driht roiretsop eht fo ruomut( eugnoT hteeT
retsoz sepreH
derrefeR
sitidiotsaM aidem sititO
rae elddiM
)amonicrac llec lasab ,amonicrac llec suomauqs .g.e( ycnangilaM diomred noisulcnI anretxe sititO elcnuruf ,lioB amotameah lardnohcirepbus/amuarT
rae lanretxE
ehca raE
E
ehca raE 23
sitisoym latibrO? sitiruen citpO? tnemevom eye no niaP eye der lufniaP eeS
niap eyE
xelpmis sepreH sucimlahthpo retsoz sepreH
sesuac suoires eroM
sitilullec latibrO sititycoyrcaD odemoc dezeeuqs a .g.e noisel lacol a morf noitcefni fo daerps ,eyts ,noizalahC )sisairosp ,amezce ,aecasor htiw detaicossa eb yam( sitirahpelB )stnalp ,slamina ,slacimehc ,scitemsoc htiw tcatnoc( ygrellA
nellows ,sdileyE
sisotporP eeS
somlahthpoxE
)efilUflah regnol Á a sah( hgih llits si RSE tub dezilamron sah PRC nehw :noitcefni na morf yrevoceR amoleyM sitiloc evitareclU ELS
PRC lamron ,RSE
" " "
amotycomorhcoeahp .g.e ,cilobateM ycnangilaM sesaesid eussit evitcennoc/yrotammalfnI noitcefnI
" " "
RSE
ycnangerP enospad ,setalycilas ,noitpecartnoc laro ,nillicinep ,sedimanohplus :sgurD aimeakuel ,amohpmyl :ycnangilaM esaesid s'teOheB ,sisodiocras ,esaesid lewob yrotammalfni :noitammalfnI Â )sisomsalpoxot( laozotorP ,)sisocymotsalb ,sisocymoidiccoc ,sisomsalpotsih( lagnuF ,)VBE( lariV ,)sisoripsotpel ,ysorpel ,aisttekciR ,ainisreY ,BT ,aidymalhC ,succocotpertS( lairetcaB :noitcefnI
musodon amehtyrE
noitaidar ,)amoleym ,aimeakuel ,amohpmyl( ycnangilaM sisotamolunarg s'renegeW ,NAP ,sisodiocras ,ALS ,sitirhtra diotamuehr :sesaesid eussit evitcennoc/yrotammalfnI )sisocymoidiccoc ,sisomsalpotsih( lagnuf ,)eaidymalhc ,eainomuenp amsalpocyM( lairetcab ,)fro ,VBE ,VSH( lariv :noitcefnI stnasluvnocitna ,snillicinep ,sedimanohplus :sgurD
]91Q[
33
niap eyE
tnemegralne ditoraP
tnemegralne ditoraP
sitisoymotamreD
eeS
sisobmorht sunis suonrevac ,alutsif suonrevacUocitoraC Á aimeanimublaopyh ,emordnys citorhpeN msidioryhtrepyh/opyH ycneicifed rotibihni 1C ,)sixalyhpana gnidulcni( sgurd/setib tcesni ot ygrellA )erar( sisonihcirt ,sitilullec latibroirep/latibro :noitcefnI
amedeo latibroireP gnillews laicaF
niap laicaf lacipytA niap caidrac derrefeR
sruomut laegnyrahposaN esaesid ditorap dna raE noitcnufsyd tnioj ralubidnamoropmeT esaesid laro/latneD )msyruena yretra gnitacinummoc roiretsop .g.e( esaesid latibroUorter ,sitiruen citpo ,esaesid raluco dna latibrO Á sitisuniS citamuartUtsoP Á
sesuac lacoL
aiglaruen citeprehtsoP eniargim dna aiglaruen suoniargiM aiglaruen laegnyrahpossolG aiglaruen lanimegirT sitiretra llec tnaiG
lacigolorueN niap laicaF
VIH ,esaesid emyL :snoitcefnI yhportsyd ralucsuM sivarg ainehtsayM esaesid enorun rotoM sisodiocraS emordnys OrraB±nialliuG Ä aigelpid laicaf latinegnoC
laretaliB
)metsniarb ni noitanileymed( sisorelcs elpitlum ,)noitammalfni laegninem( sisodiocras :noitammalfnI retsoz sepreh ro noitcefni rae elddim :)enob suortep( noitcefnI noitcrafni metsniarb :ralucsaV dnalg ditorap ,noitartlifni laegninem ,)amoruen citsuoca( elgna enitnopolleberec ,metsniarb :sruomuT ecaf eht fo yregrus ro amuarT
laretalinU yslap evren laicaF
)cihtapoidi( yslap s'lleB
F
43
yslap evren laicaF
srevef cigahrromeaH eugneD sisoripsotpeL diohpyT airalaM
rellevart ni reveF
A sititapeH ycneicifed norI
#
sisylomeah cinorhc ,esaesid cinorhc fo aimeanA aimeana citsalborediS esaesid s'llitS ypareht nori ,aimeassalaht ni snoisufsnart detaepeR sisotamorhcomeaH ycnangilam ,noitammalfni ,noitcefni :esnopser esahp etucA
)#&"( nitirreF # " # "
emordnys eugitaf cinorhC noisserpeD srekcolbU Á
"
b .g.e ,sgurD
ycnangilaM noitcefnI
sesaesid eussit evitcennoc/yrotammalfnI
eruliaf traeH aimearu ,esaesid s'nosiddA ,msidioryhtrepyh/opyh ,sutillem setebaid :cilobatem/enircodnE
eugitaF
aimeanA sisocixotoryhT yhtapoym yramirP yhtaporuenyloP noisserpmoc toor rotoM esaesid enoruen rotoM
snoitalucicsaF
seilamona latcerona ,elecoleymogninem :latinegnoC esaesid s'nosnikraP ,aitnemed ,)setebaid .g.e( yhtaporuen larehpirep ,)aniuqe aduac ,droc lanips ,niarb( sruomut dna amuart ,sisorelcs elpitlum ,ekorts ,noisserpmoc droc lanips ,yspelipe :lacigolorueN espalorp latcer ,htribdlihc citamuartUcirtetsbo Á ,yregrus latcerona ,erutcarf civlep .g.e ,yrujni latnedicca :ytilamronba roolf civleP )msalpoen latcer ,noitcapmi laceaf( wolfrevO
ecnenitnocni laceaF
)aeohrraiD ytisebo ,emordnys s'gnihsuC sisobmorht CVS amesyhpme suoenatucbuS snrub ,amuarT noitcefni sunis/latneD
eeS( aeohrraiD
tnemegralne/gnillews laicaf fo sesuac rehtO
53
rellevart ni reveF
)xelpitlum sitiruenonoM
eeS(
sutillem setebaid .g.e ,xelpitlum sitiruenonom :noisel evren laenorep nommoC lacigolorueN
pord tooF
enizalasaflus ,mirpohtemirt ,niotynehp :sgurD aixerona ,ylredle ,scilohocla :ekatnI noitceser lanitsetni llams ,esaesid s'elppihW ,eurps laciport ,esaesid caileoc .g.e ,esaesid lanujej :noitprosbA sisylaidomeah ,aimeana citylomeah cinorhc ,noitammalfni cinorhc ,ycnangilam ,noitatcal/ycnangerp :dnameD
# # "
]02J[
ycneicifed etaloF
aecasoR setirtin ,enoretsotset ,)edimaporprolhc htiw ylralucitrap( lohocla :sgurD emordnys dionicraC amotycomorhcoeahP esuaponeM noitome ,noitrexe ,taeh :lacigoloisyhP
laicaf ,gnihsulF
)sisodiocras ,sisomsalpoxot .g.e( sitievu roiretsoP egahrromeah suoertiV tnemhcated/noitareneged suoertiV
sretaolF
ecnelutalf dna gnitaolb ,gnihcleB rednu
eeS
ecnelutalF
silasrod sebaT seihtapoyM )yhtaporuenyloP
eeS( seihtaporuenyloP
siseraparap diccalF
)ruomut sumolg ,ruomut enob( sruomut ,amredorelcs :rehtO sisolydnops lacivrec :derrefeR emordnys lennut lapraC ilobme ,esaesid ralucsav larehpirep ,sitilucsav ,)nonemonehp s'duanyaR( msapsosav :aimeahcsI noitcefni ecaps plup ,noitcefni htaehs nodnet ,aihcynorap :noitcefnI tuog ,sitirhtra diotamuehr .g.e :sitirhtrA amocotameah lagnubus ,erutcarf :amuarT
niap regniF
nigiro nwonknu fo aixeryP
eeS
nigiro nwonknu fo reveF
ssecsba cibeomA sisainamhsieL sisollecurB BT diohpyT
noitabucni regnoL
deunitnoc rellevart ni reveF
airalaM
rellevart ni reveF
63
aisalpordnohca ,emordnys s'nilroG :sesuac reraR sulahpecordyH aimeassalahT stekciR enob eht fo esaesid s'tegaP ylagemorcA
gnissob latnorF
ycnegru yrosnes ,ytilibatsni rosurted ,ecnenitnocni sserts eniuneg ,)recnac ,HPB( tnemegralne etatsorp ,)ssam civlep yb noisserpmoc ,ruomut ,enots( reddalb ,ITU :eniru fo stnuoma llams fo egassap tneuqerF )airuyloP eeS( airuyloP airutcon ,)yraniru( ycneuqerF
emordnys lennut lasrat ,)amoruen evren ratnalp( aiglasratatem s'notroM ,niap toor 1S/5L/4L :lacigolorueN )energnag latigiD ees( sreclu ,aimeahcsi :ralucsaV )PTMretni ,laenaclacarfni dna orter .g.e( sitisrub ,)roiretsop silaibit ,nodnet laenorep ,nodnet sellihcA .g.e( sitinodnet ,sitiicsaf ratnalp :ralucitraireP )aiglarhtrayloP dna aiglarhtraonoM ees( sitirhtraoetso ,sitirhtra diotamuehr ,tuog ,sitirhtra citpes :stnioJ sruomut ,)esaesid s'relhÐK( ralucivan dna )esaesid s'grebierF( daeh lasratatem .g.e ,:sitirdnohcoetso ,sitileymoetso ,)erutcarf lasratatem ,erutcarf laenaclac( erutcarf :enoB seitisollac ,snroc ,straw ,sitilullec :nikS )niarts suotnemagil ,ralucsum( niarts ,)teef talf .g.e( seitimrofeD
niap tooF
emordnys tnemtrapmoc ,sroxelfisrod eht ot yrujnI ralucsuM ekorts ,sisorelcs elpitlum ,esaesid noruen rotom :reraR espalorp csid larbetrevUretni .g.e ,)yhtapolucidar( noisel toor 5L Á
73
gnissob latnorF
,esaesid kciP±nnameiN .g.e( cilobatem ,noitcefni ,noitanileymed ,)citatsatem /amolaenip( sruomut ,)snoitamroflam ralucsav ,egahrromeah/noitcrafni( ralucsaV :snoisel
niarbdim roirepuS
lacitreV
noitcefni ,noitanileymed ,ruomut ,)snoitamroflam ralucsav ,egahrromeah/noitcrafni( ralucsaV :snoisel ebol latnorf laretalartnoC ro )noitamrof raluciter naidemarap enitnop( enitnop laretalispI
latnoziroH
yslap ezaG
reclu latcer yratilos ,mulucitrevid s'lekceM ,alutsif ciretneotroa ,sredrosid gnideelb :rehtO gnideelb IG reppu evissecxE )cinoloc( ealucitreviD noitaidar ,cimeahcsi ,evitcefni ,)sitiloc evitareclu( yrotammalfni :sitiloC spylop ,recnac lewoB aisalpsydoignA erussif ,sdiohrromeah :lanA
gnideelb IG rewoL
mucitsale amohtnaxoduesp ,mulucitrevid s'lekceM ,amoymoiel ,aisalpsydoigna ,ealutsif lanedoudotroa ,ytilamronba ralucsav cirtsag yofalueiD ,aisatceignalet cigahrromeah yratidereh ,)ailihpomeah ,ainepotycobmorht( sredrosid gnideelB
eraR
recnac cirtsag/laegahposeO scitylobmorht ,sdiorets ,stnalugaocitna ,sDIASN :snoitacideM raet ssieW±yrollaM secirav laegahposeoUortsaG Á sitigahposeo ,sitinedoud ,snoisore cirtsag/sitirtsaG )lanedoud/cirtsag( reclu citpeP
)sisemetameah( gnideelb IG reppU
rewol dna reppu ,gnideelb lanitsetniortsaG
aimeanitcalorprepyH
eeS
aeohrrotcalaG
snoisel ebol latnorf :stiag cixarpA dael .g.e ,gninosiop latem yvaeh ,oilop dlo ,esaesid htooT±eiraM±tocrahC ,yslap evren laenorep :etag egappetS esaesid s'nosnikraP :tiag gnilffuhs ,tnanitseF
siseraparap citsapS
yhtapoym lamixorP
aixatA eeS :esabUediW Á eeS :gnirossics ,citsapS eeS :gnilddaW
seicnapercsid htgnel geL niap ot eud tiag ciglatnA
tiaG
G
tiaG 83
niap niorG
esaditpepsnart lymatulg±
" ,TGUg " " Á
g
eeS
amohpmyl ,yralludem ,citsalpana ,ralucillof ,yrallipap :amonicrac dioryhT tsyc dioryhT sisenegomrohsyd ,ssecxe/ycneicifed enidoi ,sgurd dioryhtitna ,muihtiL esaesid s'otomihsaH :msidioryhtopyH sitidioryht ,eludon elbaplap eno htiw ertiog raludonitlum cixot ,amoneda cixot ,esaesid 'sevarG :msidioryhtrepyH ycnangerp ,ytrebup :)dioryhtue( ertiog elpmiS
ertioG
)esaesid s'nosliW ,slatem yvaeh ,amoleym elpitlum .g.e( egamad/noitcnufsyd ralubut laneR eruliaf laner cinorhC ycnangerP )aimeacylgrepyH ees : 2 dna
airusocylG
1( setebaiD
egamad decudniUlohocla ,)ecidnuaJ rednu Á
)TGG ,TGUY( esaditpepsnart lymatulg±g Á
)erar( silihpyS sisaididnaC
eeS
( sisatselohc :esaesid reviL
nZ ,nivalfobir ,)1B( enimaiht ,)3B( nicain ,21B ,etalof fo ycneicifeD ycneicifed norI
sitissolG
ycnangerP sisorelcs suorebuT aimeakuel etucA PCO ,)mezaitlid ,enipidefin( stsinogatna lennahc aC ,niotynehp ,niropsolcic :sgurD lailimaF
yhportrepyh lavigniG
latineg ,sreclU
sreclu latineG
latineg ,sreclU
eeS eeS
hsar latineG
sitihtsoponalab ,sepreh ,sisaididnac :snalg/ecuperP noisel /noitcefni noitcart yraniru reppu/sititatsorp ot
2 ,snoisel larhteruUartni ot Á
2
,sepreh ,sisainomhcirt ,noitcefni cificepsUnon ,aidymalhc ,aeohrronog :arhterU Á
lacigolohtaP
aeohrrotatsorp ,airullatsyrc ,amgems ,lasuora lauxeS
)selam( egrahcsid latineG
.noitaicossid raen±thgil dna slipup egral htiw detaicossa si ezag lacitrev fo sisylarap ,emordnys s'duaniraP nI :
lacigoloisyhP
]12Q[
etoN
)noitcnufsyd ladimarypartxe htiw detaicossa :emordnys nosdrahciR ±eleetS( evitarenegedoruen ,)aimenietorpopilateba ,esaesid s'rehcuaG
93
niap niorG
tsyc diomred ,amotameah ,amorbiforuen ,amoignahpmyl ,amopiL amonicrac tsaerB
laretalinU
)ralucitset .g.e( gnicudorpUnegortseo ,)gnul dna amotapeh .g.e( GCh cipotce :sruomuT Á msidioryhtrepyH msidanogopyH eruliaf laner cinorhC esaesid revil cinorhC )anaujiram ,nioreh( esuba fo sgurd ,nixogid ,snegortseo ,enizamorprolhc ,etateca enoretorpyc ,eniditemic ,enotcalonirips :sgurD nem esebo ni .g.e :aitsamoceanygoduesP ylredle ,ytrebup :lacigoloisyhP
aitsamoceanyG
niap lanimodbA
eeS
04
aitsamoceanyG
sisytpomeah htiw desufnoc eb yam gnideelb IG dna tcart yrotaripser reppu/lasaN :
etoN
sisodiocras ,sisodiolyma ,noitamroflam suonevoiretra :sesuac reraR sisehtaid gnideelb lareneG sisonets lartim :traeH ydob ngierof ,amuart ,)esaesid s'erutsapdooG ,sisotamolunarg s'renegeW .g.e( sitilucsav ,ycnangilam ,msilobme yranomlup ,)setisarap ,ignuf sisatceihcnorb ,sitihcnorb ,ssecsba ,ainomuenp ,BT( noitcefni :gnuL
sisytpomeaH
eeS
" #
aimeahtycyloP
aimeanA
eeS
nibolgomeaH
)tnettimretni etuca( airyhproP airunibolgoym/airunibolgomeaH )nicpimafir ,annes( sgurD toorteeb :dooF
noitarolocsid eniru fo sesuac rehtO
stnalugaocitna ,)aimeakuel ,esaesid llec elkcis ,ainepotycobmorht ,ailihpomeah( sredrosid lacigolotameah :lareneG sititatsorp ,recnac etatsorp ,aisalprepyh citatsorp ngineb :etatsorP esicrexe evissecxe ,edimahpsohpolcyc .g.e ,sgurd ,noitamroflam ralucsav ,sisobmorht niev laner ,ilobme ,esaesid laner citsyc ,sitirhpen laititsretni ,yhtaporhpen AgI ,sitirhpenoluremolg :sesuac rehtO sruomuT senotS sisaimosotsihcs ,BT ylerar ,ITU :noitcefnI amuarT
arhteru ro reteru ,reddalb ,yendiK
airutameaH
yvrucS
sitivonys raludonolliv detnemgip :ruomuT
tuogoduesp ,tuog ,sitirhtraoetsO :sesaesid tnioJ tnioj s'tocrahC :lacigolorueN msyruena ,noitamroflam suonevoiretra ,amoignameah :ralucsaV BT ,sitirhtra citpeS :noitcefnI sgurd ,esaesid llec elkcis ,sredrosid gnittolC :lacigolotameaH )etaicurc roiretna .g.e( yrujni suotnemagil ,raet sucsinem ,erutcarf ,evitarepoUtsop ,cinegortai :amuarT Á
sisorhtrameaH sisemetameaH
eeS
gnideelb lanitsetniortsaG
H
14
sisytpomeaH
)erutcnup rabmul tsop .g.e( erusserp lainarcartni
# dna
)noisnetrepyh lainarcartni ngineb ,sulahpecordyh
,ssecsba/ruomut .g.e ,noisel gniypucco ecaps .g.e( erusserp lainarcartnI
tnerrucer/cinorhC
""
:sesuac rehtO
"
)aimeahtycylop .g.e( semordnys ytisocsivrepyh ,)aimeartanopyh .g.e( secnalabmi etylortcele ,).cte sessenlli lariv ,lairetcab( snoitcefni ,)stsinogatna lennahc aC ,NTG .g.e( sgurd ,PB
yxelpopa yratiutiP sitiretra llec tnaiG amocualg erusolc elgna etucA noitcessid yretra larbetrev/ditoraC sisobmorht suonev larberec ,egahrromeah lainarcartni ,egahrromeah dionhcarabuS sitilahpecne/sitignineM
)E&A ni tneserp ot ylekil( sesuac etucabus/etucA
ehcadaeH
krow launaM ytisebO msidioryhtopyH sisodiolymA ylagemorcA
yrujni daeH
degralne ,sdnaH
niap regniF
eeS
niap dnaH
seruzieS snoisel evren citpo/aimeahcsi laniter .g.e ,esaesid nagro yrosneS )eniacoc ,enimatehpma .g.e( sisohcysp decudniUgurd ,)DSL .g.e Á ,snegonicullah ,lohocla .g.e( cilobatem/cixot ,noitcefni ,)ekorts( ralucsavorbereC
cinagrO
muirileD
sisonicullah cilohoclA sisohcysp larepreuP
aitnemeD sisohcysp htiw noisserped ereveS sisohcysp htiw ainaM redrosid evitceffaozihcs/ainerhpozihcS
noitanicullaH
sisatceihcnorb ,snoitcefni :gnuL DROG ,erutcirts laegahposeo ,aisalahca :IG hcuop laegnyrahp ,sitillisnot cinorhc ,pird lasanUtsop dna sitisunis cinorhc ,sitinihr cihportA :xnyrahposaN Á ycnangilam laegnyrahporo ,sitivignig ,euqalp latned ,eneigyh latned rooP :htuoM
cirtaihcysP
sisotilaH
aicepolA
eeS
ssol riaH
ssol riaH
24
)emordnys etihW±nosnikraP ±ffloW( noitaticxeerp ralucirtnev tfel ,gnicap ralucirtnev tfel ,BBBR
elcirtnev thgir fo noitavitca deyaleD ediW
2S fo gnittilpS
sisonets yranomluP noitcrafni laidracoyM yhtapoymoidrac cihportrepyH esaesid traeh evisnetrepyH sisonets citroA
)4S( htruoF
yhtapoymoidrac evitcirtser ,sitidracirep evitcirtsnoC DSV ,noitatigruger dipsucirt ,noitatigruger lartiM eruliaf ralucirtneV esoht ni lamroN
sraey 53
<
)3S( drihT
)2p
#(
sisonets yranomluP
)2a
#(
sisonets citroA
tfoS
)2p ) 2a
"(
noisnetrepyh yranomluP
"(
aidracyhcat ,noisnetrepyh cimetsyS
duoL
)2S( dnoceS
aidracyhcat ralucirtnev ro ladoN kcolb VA noitallirbif lairtA
ytisnetni elbairaV
eruliaf traeh ereveS BBBL lavretni RP gnoL noitatigruger citrA noitatigruger lartiM
)ytisnetni
#(
tfoS
)semordnys noitaticxeUerp( lavretni RP Á
#
)esicrexe ,revef .g.e( noitalucric cimanydrepyh ,aidracyhcaT amoxym lairta ,sisonets lartiM
)ytisnetni
" ( duoL "
sdnuos traeH
niap laicaF
)1S( tsriF
osla eeS
emordnys dipilohpsohpitna ,ylagemorca ,enob fo esaesid s'tegaP ,srorre evitcarfer ,)sisodiocras ,ycnangilam .g.e( noitartlifni laegninem ,ehcadaeh cinpyh ,)sisolydnops lacivrec morf derrefer( cinegocivrec :sesuac rehtO sitisuniS )sciseglana gnippots no( ehcadaeh dnuober ,ehcadaeh noisneT aiglaruen suoniargiM eniargiM
34
sdnuos traeH
ssecsba ,sisatsatem ,samoilg :sessaM )AIT( kcatta cimeahcsi tneisnart/ekorts :)neddus( AVC :yb xetroc latipiccO ro )sebol laropmet ro lateirap ni( noitaidar citpO ro tcart citpO
suomynomoH
ruomut ralucirtnev drihT amoignyrahpoinarC
:fo tnemevlovnI
tsrif devlovni stnardauq laropmet roirefnI
elecocum sunis dionehpS amonicrac laegnyrahposaN msyruena ditorac ,amoigninem ,amoneda yratiutiP
tsrif devlovni stnardauq laropmet roirepuS
aiponaimeH
ymotcenelpS saimeana citylomeaH ycneicifed DP6G
laropmetiB
)bH derutaned( seidob znieH
srumruM eeS srumrum traeH
noisuffe laidracirep ,DPOC ,ytisebo :sdnuos fo noitcudnoC
sdnuos traeH # #
2a
#
emordnys s'regnemnesiE :2p dna
fo noisuF
tollaF fo ygolartet ,sisonets yranomlup ,aiserta yranomlup ,evlav yranomlup tnesba :2p tnesbA noitatigruger citroa ereves ,sisonets citroa ereves :2a tnesbA noisuffe laidracirep ,DPOC ,ytisebo :tnerappA
2S elgniS
ADP ,noisnetrepyh ,MCOH ,sisonets citroA
emit noitceje ralucirtnev tfel degnolorP
noitaticxeerp ralucirtnev thgir ,gnicap ralucirtnev thgir ,BBBL
elcirtnev tfel fo noitavitca deyaleD gnittilps desreveR
DSA
gnittilps dexif ediW
DSV ,noitatigruger lartiM
emit noitceje ralucirtnev tfeL #
noisnetrepyh yranomlup ,sisonets yranomluP
emit noitceje ralucirtnev thgir degnolorP
deunitnoc
sdnuos traeH
sdnuos traeH 44
ssecsba cinerhpbus .g.e ,:citamgarhpaidbuS noitalupinam evitarepoUartni Á ,ainreh sutaih ,xulfer laegahposeoUortsag .g.e ,:seitilamronba citamgarhpaiD Á sessam lanitsaidem ,)sertiog .g.e( sessam kceN
noitatirri evren cinerhP
tnemeticxe neddus ,erutarepmet IG ro tneibma ni segnahc neddus ;esu occabot dna noitsegni lohocla evissecxE ypocsodne gnirud noitalffusni cirtsag ,aigahporea ,segareveb detanobrac ,gnitae revo :noisnetsid cirtsaG
ngineB
spucciH
aimeakuel llec yriah ,LLA ,aimeanilubolgorcam s'mÐrtsnedlaW ,amoleym ,LLC ,amohpmyL** aimeahtycobmorht laitnesse ,arev arbur aimeahtycylop ,sisorbifoleym ,aimeakuel dioleym cinorhC*
esaesid citsycylop elitnafni ,esaesid s'rehcuaG .g.e ,sredrosid egarots ,sisodiolyma :rehtO sisainamhsiel ,sisaimosotsihcs ,airalam :ediwdlroW sisollecurb ,sisolucrebut ,sisomsalpoxot ,sisoripsotpel ,VMC ,VBE ,C ro B sititapeh :noitcefnI )aimeana suoicinrep .g.e( aimeana citsalbolageM )noisnetrepyh latroP
eeS(
noisnetrepyh latroP
**sredrosid evitarefilorpohpmyL *sredrosid evitarefilorpoleyM
ylagemonelpsotapeH
ylagemonelpsotapeH ees oslA )ebol thgir eht fo noisnetxe na( ebol s'eldieR ro )DPOC ni .g.e( mgarhpaid derewol :'ylagemotapeh tnerappA` sesaesid evitarefilorpohpmyl ,sisodiocras ,sisodiolyma ,sisotamorhcomeah ,)lohocla( noitartlifni yttaf :noitartlifnI tsyc ditadyh ,)cinegoyp ,cibeoma( ssecsba ,sisoripsotpel ,sisomsalpoxot ,VMC ,VBE ,C ,B ,A sititapeh :noitcefnI esaesid revil citsycyloP )sisobmorht niev citapeh( iraihC±dduB eruliaf caidrac evitsegnoC sisohrric yrailib yramirp ,cilohocla yllausu )ylrae( sisohrriC )amoneda llec revil ,amotapeh ,stisoped
ylagemotapeH
eniargim ,)sisylarap s'ddoT( seruzies citpelipe :siserap/aigelpimeh tneisnart fo sesuac rehtO aigelpimeh tneisnart esuac nac aimeacylgopyh :cilobateM ruomuT )rettal eht ni tnerappa eb ton yam amuart fo yrotsih a( egahrromeah larudbus ro larudartxe :amuarT sitilucsav larberec ,sisorelcs elpitlum :noitammalfnI snoitcefni )gnul .g.e( tnatsid ro )sesunis ,rae elddim .g.e( lacol morf ssecsba niarb :noitcefnI )AIT ,egahrromeah ,noitcrafni( AVC :ralucsaV
2( :recnaC
aigelpimeh ,siserapimeH
54
spucciH
noisulcco ,noitcessid :yretra ditorac lanretnI )xepa gnul( ruomut tsaocnaP :niahc citehtapmys lacivreC sisotamorbiforuen ,noisel suxelp laihcarb :toor 1T aiblub/aileymognirys ,noitcrafni ,)amoilg( ruomut :droc lanips lacivrec/mets niarB
emordnys s'renroH
noitpmusnoc eeffoc
""
,gnikoms ,gniga :elytsefiL
recnac nairavo/tsaerb ,eruliaf laner ,msidioryhtopyh :esaesiD niotynehp ,enillyhpoeht ,etaxertohtem :sgurD etalof ,21B ,6B :ycneicifed nimatiV msihpromylop RFHTM ,ycneicifed esatehtnysU Á
b eninoihtatsyC :citeneG " ,enietsycomoH
ainohpa laciretsyH msidioryhtopyH amonicrac laegnyraL
)noitabutni .g.e( amuart laegnyraL seludon s'regniS )ymotceretradne ditorac ,dioryhtarap ,dioryht( yregrus ,)recnac gnul .g.e ,munitsaidem ,dioryht .g.e ,kcen ,lluks fo esab( sruomut :yrujni evren laegnyral tnerruceR )semuf lacimehc ,pird lasantsop ,DROG ,gnikoms ,lohocla ,niarts droc lacov cinorhc htiw detaicossa( ,)niarts lacov :sitignyraL
etuca ,noitcefni tcart yrotaripser reppu lariv htiw detaicossa(
cinorhC etucA
eciov esraoH
ytivitisnesrepyh nagro tegraT niotynehp ,lidixonim ,snegordna ,niropsolcic :sgurD emordnys s'gnihsuC ,sruomut lanerda gnitercesUnegordna ,aisalprepyh lanerda latinegnoC :slanerdA Á )ruomut llec gidyeL±ilotreS a si hcihw amotsalbonehrra .g.e( sruomut nairavo gnitercesUnegordna ,SOCP :seiravO Á )snoitalupop tnenitnocbus naidnI dna naenarretideM emos ni nommoc( laicar ,lailimaF
msitusriH
gniregnilam ,yteixnA
cinegohcysP
xelfer puccih eht fo noitibihni lamron eht gnisaeler snoisel larutcurts ro evitcefni ,ralucsaV
sredrosid SNC
citehtseana lareneg ,noitacixotni lohocla ,aimearU
]22Q[
cilobatem/cixoT
enarbmem cinapmyt eht gnihcuot seidob ngierof yb sugav eht fo hcnarb ralucirua eht fo noitatirrI kcen eht fo sruomut ,sitignyral ,sitignyrahp yb evren laegnyral tnerrucer eht fo noitatirrI
noitatirri evren sugaV deunitnoc spucciH
spucciH
64
aimeanietorparaP
lanolconoM
noitcefni esaesid
eeS
VIH ,ysorpel ,sisainamhsiel ,sisollecurb ,BT ,)sisatceihcnorb .g.e( noitcefni cinorhC
lewob yrotammalfni ,)sitisoymotamred ,sitirhtra diotamuehr ,ELS ,sisodiocras ,emordnys s'nergÐjS .g.e( esaesid eussit evitcennoc/yrotammalfni cinorhC sititapeh enumiotua ,sisohrric yrailib yramirp ,esaesid revil cinorhC
aimeanilubolgammagrepyH
ekatni
lanolcyloP
)esaesid s'tneD( airuiclacrepyh deknilUX Á sisodica ralubut laneR
2
aC
"
airuiclacrepyh cihtapoidI )evoba ees( aimeaclacrepyH
airuiclacrepyH
eruliaf laner etuca fo esahp citeruid ni rucco osla nac aimeaclacrepyH aimeaclacrepyh ciruiclacopyh lailimaF esaesid s'nosiddA ,ylagemorca ,amotycomorhcoeahp ,msidioryhtrepyh :sesaesid enircodnE sedizaiht ,muihtiL :sgurD )'emordnys ilakla klim`( ekatni
sesuac rehtO
2
aC
"
ytilibommI BT ,diocras ,deretsinimdaUfles :D nimativ ssecxE Á amohpmyl ,amonicrac llec suomauqs laihcnorb ,)gnul ,tsaerb ,dioryht ,yendik ,etatsorp( :sisatsatem enob ,amoleym elpitlum :ycnangilaM yraitret dna yramirp :msidioryhtaraprepyH
aimeaclacrepyH
evitcurtsbo dna )emordnys rajjaN±relgirC
,siseioporhtyre evitceffeni ,)citylomeah ,aimeanA
ralullecotapeh ,ecidnuaJ eeS :detagujnoC ,emordnys s'trebliG( noitadinoruculg # eeS( sisylomeah :detagujnocnU
aimeaniburilibrepyH
"
:msinoretsodlarepyh
emordnys s'rettraB ,sciteruid ,eruliaf caidrac ,sisohrric ,sisonets yretra laner ,ruomut gnitercesUniner :nineR Á
2
msinoretsodla elbaidemerUdiocitrococulg ,aisalprepyh Á lanerda laretalib ,)emordnys s'nnoC( amoneda :msinoretsodlarepyh
msinoretsodlarepyH
aimeakueL aimeana citsalbolageM ycneicifed norI
1
aimeahtycobmorht laitnesse ,sisodiolyma ,eurps laciport ,sitiloc evitareclu ,simrofitepreh sititamred/esaesid caileoc ,esaesid llec elkcis :msinelpsopyH
seidob ylloJ±llewoH
74 aimeanilubolgammagrepyH
ymotcenelpsUtsoP Á
amoc citotekUnon ralomsorepyH Á gnitaews evissecxe :nikS )aimeaclacrepyh? ,aimeacylgrepyh .g.e( siseruid citomso ,sudipisni setebaid :laneR gnitimov aeohrraid :IG ssol diulF " suoicsnocnu ro desufnoc ,ylredle :ekatni diulF # :noitardyheD
aimeartanrepyH
ecidnuaj evitcurtsbO ytisebO tnemriapmi laner ,emordnys citorhpeN amedeoxyM sedizaiht ,sdiorets ,PCO ,lohocla :sgurD )dellortnoc ylroop( setebaiD
) 2( aimeadipilrepyH
amonicrac laihcnorb ,amonicraconeda cirtsag :ycnangilaM ycneicifed A nimativ ,cinesra ,noitcaer gurd :cilobatem/cixoT silihpys 2 sisairosP )emordnys s'retieR( acigahrronelb amredotareK )noitidnoc tnanimod lamosotua na ,sisolyt( latinegnoC )tooferab gniklaw .g.e( noitcirF
)ratnalpomlap( sisotarekrepyH
sisotycobmorht ,sisotycocuel ,sisylomeah :aimealakrepyhoduesP ekatnI "" sciteruid gnirapsUmuissatop rehto dna edirolimA Á esaesid s'nosiddA srotibihni ECA 4 epyt sisodica ralubut laneR eruliaf laneR muinohtemaxus ,sisyloymodbahr ,sisodica :sllec morf desaeleR
aimealakrepyH
staews thgiN eeS oslA noisnetopyh ,aimeacylgopyh ,noitcrafni laidracoym ,ssenlli elirbef etuca yna :etucA scitemimohtapmys ,seitreporp cigrenilohc htiw sgurd ,setaipo :snoitacideM amohpmyl :ycnangilaM sisollecurb ,BT :noitcefni cinorhC amotycomorhcoeahp ,ylagemorca ,sisocixotoryht :enircodnE
sisordihrepyH
sisotamorhcomeah ,sititaercnap cinorhc ,ymotcetaercnaP samonitatsotamos ,samonogaculg ,samotycomorhcoeahp ,ylagemorca ,emordnys s'gnihsuC :enircodnE sdioretS :yradnoceS )2 & 1 epyt( yramirP
setebaiD
sdioretS ssenlli ereves/etuca .g.e ,ssertS
aimeacylgrepyH
aimeacylgrepyH
84
aimeanilubolgammagrepyH
eeS :aimeanilubolgammagrepyH
teuqinruot fo noitacilppa degnolorp ,noitardyhed :noitartnecnocomeaH
aimeanietorprepyH
#
,eruliaf revil :srehtO
)snoitamroflam suonevoiretra ,noitammalfni ,ruomut( sumalahtopyh eht morf esaeler/sisehtnys enimapod )nemow gnitatcal ni gnilkcus yb detavitca yllamron yawhtap xelfer eht fo noitalumits( yrujni llaw tsehC )shportotcal setalumits negortseo( SOCP ,PCO/TRH :snegortseO )msidioryhtopyh 1( esaeler nitcalorp setalumits noiterces HRT )enodirepmod ,edimarpolcotem
"
,ediriplus ,lodirepolah ,enizamorprolhc( :srekcolb rotpecer enimapoD? apodlyhtem ,enipreser :serots enimapod lartnec fo noitelpeD? :sgurD )tceffa amonitcalorpoduesp( klats yratiutip gnisserpmoc ruomut yratiutip :yratiutip roiretna eht ot tropsnart enimapoD
#
)sruomut yendik ,gnul( nitcalorp cipotce ylerar ,amonitcalorP sserts ,noitatcal ,ycnangerp :lacigoloisyhP
aimeanitcalorprepyH
sisotamonalem tnangilam
detanimessid ,)amonicrac ,BT( gnitsaw cinorhc ,eruliaf laner cinorhc :srehtO hsar detubirtsidotohP amredorhtyre retfa .g.e ,yrotammalfniUtsoP Á eeS sehsar evitisnesotohP ycnangerp ,HTCA cipotce ,emordnys s'nosleN ,esaesid s'nosiddA :enircodnE noitaidaR senizaihtonehp ,enizamorprolhc ,naflusub ,enoradoima :sgurD
sisohrric yrailib yramirp ,sisotamorhcomeah :esaesid reviL
noitatnemgiprepyH
noitacixotni D nimatiV ylagemorcA emordnys sisyl ruomuT sisyloymodbahR
noitartsinimda/ekatni etahpsohp evissecxE
)!enomroH gnihsarT etahpsohP :HTP( msidioryhtarapopyhoduesP & opyH
aimeatahpsohprepyH
msidioryhtaraprepyh
eruliaf laneR
2 gnidnatsUgnol ot yradnoces aisalprepyh dioryhtarap suomonotuA Á
msidioryhtaraprepyh 3
#
)eruliaf laner cinorhc ro ecnatsiser ro ycneicifed D nimativ ot eud .g.e( muiclaC
?msidioryhtaraprepyh 2
amonicrac ylerar dna
)semordnys NEM htiw detaicossa eb yam( aisalprepyh ro amoneda dioryhtaraP
msidioryhtaraprepyH
msinoretsodlarepyh :sdioctrocolarenim ssecxE )etanobracib muidos .g.e( noitartsinimda aN ssecxE 94 aimeanietorprepyH
msidioryhtaraprepyh 1
noitcaer esahp etucA
aimeanimublaopyH
sisairosp ,arev aimeahtycylop ,aimeakuel ,amohpmyl :revonrut )enirup( dica cielcuN )ycneic®ed TRPGH( emordnys nahyN±hcseL :sisehtnyS ekatni yrateiD
sisehtnyS
#
" " "
noitcudorp/ekatnI
"
noisnetrepyh ,sutillem setebaid ni .g.e ,esaesid laner cinorhC )edimaniziry
p
,lohocl
a
,lotubmaht
e
]52J[
,sciteruid poo
l
,sedizaih
t
,dica cinitoci
n
,)esodUwol( nirips Á
a
,niropsolci
c
:sgurD
cihtapoidI
aimeacirurepyH
adrat aenatuc airyhproP ycnangilaM ,)niotynehp ,niropsolcic ,lidixonim( noitacideM noitirtunlaM asovren aixeronA
noitercxe laneR
# #
dezilareneG
adifib anipS ivean cityconaleM xelpmis nehciL
sisohcirtrepyH
emordnys thgirblA±enuCcM ,snoitatum rotpecerUHST Á )aititcaf sitidioryht( noitpmusnoc enixoryht suoititperrus ,enoradoima :sgurD iiravo amurtS amonicracoerohC dioryht fo amonicrac ralucilloF )HST( msidioryhtrepyh yradnoceS
]42Q[
lacoL
sesuac reraR
)GCh
]32Q[
"(
sisocixotoryht lanoitatseG
)mutrapUtsop ,lariv/etucabus( sitidioryhT Á amoneda cixoT ertiog raludonitlum cixoT
msidioryhtrepyH
aispmalceUerP Á sisonets yretra laner ,atroa fo noitatcraoc :ralucsaV msidioryhtaraprepyh yramirp ,ylagemorca ,samotycomorhcoeahp ,esaesid s'nnoC ,emordnys s'gnihsuC :esaesid enircodnE sdiorets ,sPCO gniniatnocUnegortseo :sgurD Á amonicrac laner ,esaesid yendik citsyc ,sitirhpenoleyp cinorhc ,sitirhpenoluremolg cinorhc :esaesid laneR )cihtapoidi( laitnessE
esaesid 'sevarG
noisnetrepyH
noisnetrepyH 05
snoitcefni ereves ,sdiorets ,aimearU sisorelcoleym ,aisalpopyh worraM yhtaporetne gnisolUnietorp ,noitprosbalam ,noitirtunlam ,emordnys citorhpeN Á )LLC( aimeakueL amohpmyL
deriuqcA
etats ycneicifedonummi denibmoc a fo trap sa ro ,deknilUX Á
amoleyM
aimeanilubolgammagopyH
aimeana citsalborediS aimeassalahT aimeana ycneicifed norI
latinegnoC
aimorhcopyH
srehtO
)noisufsnart evissam( doolb detartic ,ninoticlac ,setanohpsohpsib :cinegortaI? )ebut ATDE na otni doolb gnitcelloc( tcafitrA?
aimeanimublaopyH sisolakla yrotaripseR )etuca( sititaercnaP ypareht etahpsohp ,eruliaf laner cinorhc :etahpsohP
"
ecnatsiser D nimatiV? eruliaf laneR? )niotynehp .g.e( stnasluvnocitnA? esaesid reviL? thgilnus fo kcaL? noitprosbalam/ekatni yrateiD
#? #?
ycneicifed D nimatiV )esaesid s'nosliW(
2
uC
"
,daolrevo
2
eF ,
2
gM
)HTP ot ecnatsiser( msidioryhtarapopyhoduesP? )ymotcedioryhtarap ro ymotcedioryht retfa( lacigruS? enummiotuA? )emordnys s'egroeGiD( latinegnoC?
aimeaclacopyH
aimeanietorpsyd cihtapoidi lailimaF
msidioryhtarapopyH
eraR
ycnangerp ,mra noisufni VI morf elpmaS
noitulidomeaH
snruB
snoisel niks suolluB
)aisatceignahpmyl lanitsetni ,amohpmyl lanitsetni ,esaesid s'elppihW ,eurps ,DBI ,esaesid caileoc( yhtaporetne gnisolUnietorP Á emordnys citorhpeN
ssoL "
noitirtunlaM esaesid reviL
15
aimeanilubolgammagopyH
emordnys illiW±redarP emordnys ldieB±nooM±ecneruaL
sesuac eraR
noitcnufsyd cimalahtopyh dna sisoredisomeah
!
snoisufsnart doolb detaeper
!
:aimeassalahT
eruliaf laner cinorhC sisohrriC esuac yna fo noitirtunlam ,sitiloc evitareclu/esaesid s'nhorC sisorbif citsyC
sesaesid cimetsyS aimeanitcalorprepyH
)msiratiutipopyH
eeS( .cte ,noitcefni/ralucsav :msiratiutipopyh fo sesuac rehtO
ycneicifed HSF ro HL
detalosi ,)aisalpsyd citpoUotpes htiw detaicossa( 1XSEH ,)aisalpopyh lanerda Á latinegnoc htiw detaicossa( 1XAD .g.e ,snoitatum citeneg rehto ,)emordnys s'nnamllaK :aimsona htiw detaicossa nehw( ycneicifed HRnG latinegnoC ssol thgiew ,esicrexe suounerts .g.e ,cimalahtopyh/lanoitcnuF )sitisyhpopyh citycohpmyl ,sisotycoitsih llec snahregnaL ,sisodiocras ,amohpmyl .g.e( snoitartlifni ,noitaidar/yregrus/ruomut yratiutiP
msiratiutipopyH )cihportodanogopyh( msidanogopyh
2
aimeasotcalag ,)ycneicifed esalyxordyhU71 .g.e( sisehtnys Á negortseo ni devlovni semyzne ,rotpecer HSF ,rotpecer HL ,tinubus ateb HSF/HL
snoitatum citeneG
edimahpsohpolcyc .g.e ,yparehtomehC noitaidaR )civlep( yregruS enummiotuA )spmum .g.e( noitcefnI
egamad ladanoG
)msiciasom(
YRS eht fo noitpursid htiw( YX ,XX ,)emordnys s'renruT( OX eb yam epytoneg ehT
sisnegsyd ladanoG )cihportodanogrepyh( msidanogopyh
XX/OX ro YX/OX ,)yawhtap maertsnwod eht ro emosomorhc Y no eneg
msidanogopyH
ymotcertsagUtsoP Á airalaM eruliaf reviL eruliaf laneR esaesid s'nosiddA lohoclA samocras ,samotapeh ,samonilusnI eniniuq ,enidimatnep ,etalycilas ,saerulynohplus ,)noitcejni nilusni retfa kcans a gnivah ton scitebaid ro( nilusni ssecxE
elameF
1
aimeacylgopyH
aimeacylgopyH 25
)ycneicifed
esalyxordyhU Á
a 71 dna esalyxordyhUb 11( aisalprepyh lanerda latinegnoC Á
ycneicifed esanegordyhed
dioretsyxordyhU Á dioretsyxordyhU Á
b 11 ,)msilobatem diocitrococulg # dna esanegordyhed b 11 stibihni( ecirouqil ,emordnys s'gnihsuC :sdiocitrococulG ""
msinoretsodlarepyH
)noitercxe
+
K
" !( sdioctrocolarenim
ssol laneR
ssecxE
seimotsoeli ,ealutsif ,amoPIV ,amoneda suolliv ,aeohrraid ,gnitimoV
ssol lanitsetniortsaG
aimealakopyH
sesuac eraR
emordnys illiW±redarP emordnys ldieB±nooM±ecneruaL
noitcnufsyd cimalahtopyh dna sisoredisomeah
! snoisufsnart
doolb detaeper
!
:aimeassalahT
eruliaf laner cinorhC sisohrriC esuac yna fo noitirtunlam ,sitiloc evitareclu/esaesid s'nhorC
sesaesid cimetsyS aimeanitcalorprepyH
1UporP ,1XSEH Á ,1XAD .g.e ,snoitatum citeneg rehto ,)aimsona .g.e seitilamronba latinegnoc ladanogUnon erom ro eno Á
sisorbif citsyC
ycneicifed HRnG :emordnys s'nnamllaK(
)msidanogopyh cihportodanogopyh cihtapoidi( ycneicifed HRnG latinegnoC msiratiutipopyH
eeS
;snoitartlifni/noitaidar/yregrus/ruomut yratiutiP
msiratiutipopyH
:)cihportodanogopyh( msidanogopyh
2
yhportsyd cinotoym ,sisehtnys enoretsotset ni devlovni semyzne ni stcefed ,rotpecer HSF ,rotpecer HL ,stinubus b HSF/HL
snoitatum citeneG
slevel enoretsotset
# :nioreh
,anaujiram ,lohoclA
edimahpsohpolcyc :snixot/sgurD noitaidaR )ymotcedihcro( yregruS enummiotuA noisrot ,amuarT ,)sitigninemoirohc citycohpmyl ,surivobra B puorg ,surivohce ,spmum .g.e( noitcefnI
egamad ladanoG
]62Q[
tluda eht ni tnesba tub efil latef ni tneserp eussit ralucitset :emordnys sitset gnihsinaV :aihcronA setset dednecsednu :msihcrotpyrC selubut suorefinimes citenegsyd htiw mrif dna llams era setset :)YXX( emordnys s'retlefenilK
sisnegsyd ladanoG :)cihportodanogrepyh( msidanogopyh
elaM
1
35
aimealakopyH
)sllec eht yb ekatpu etahpsohp dna sisylocylg setalumits sisolakla( sisolakla yrotaripseR )scilohocla ni .g.e( gnideefer ,)sllec eht yb ekatpu etahpsohp dna sisylocylg setalumits nilusni htiw tnemtaert( sisodicaotek citebaid morf yrevocer .g.e ,nilusnI " sllec otni noitubirtsideR
aimeatahpsohpopyH
aimeaclacopyH eeS msidioryhtarapopyH HDAIS ,ycneiciffusni lanerda ,msidioryhtopyH? sititaercnap ,snrub ,gnitimov ,aeohrraid :)02<+aN eniru( ssol lanerUartxE? Á ycneiciffusni lanerda ,yhtaporhpen gnisol? Utlas ,sisodica ralubut laner ,)sedizaiht( sciteruiD :)02>+aN eniru( ssol laneR? Á )02>+aN eniru( eruliaf laner ,emordnys citorhpen ,FCC ,sishorriC? desufni si noitulos muidos wol hcihw otni mra eht morf doolb gnikat :lautcafitrA aimeacylgrepyH? aimeadirecylgirtrepyh ,)amoleym elpitlum .g.e( aimeanietorprepyH? :aimeartanopyhoduesP
aimeartanopyH
:stneitap )suotamedeo( cimealovrepyH :stneitap )detardyhed( cimealovopyH :stneitap cimealovuE
tenracsof ,)etuca( sititaercnap ,ymotcedioryhtarapUtsop ,evitarepoUtsoP :rehtO Á Á )emordnys s'namletiG ro s'rettraB? ,siseruid evitcurtsbotsop ,sisorcen ralubut etucaUtsop( noitcnufsyd ralubut? Á ,msinoretsodlarepyh ,msidioryhtrepyh ,aimeaclacrepyh ,sutillem setebaiD? nitalpsic? ,eniropsolcyc ,B niciretohpma ,sedisocylgonima .g.e ,snixotorhpen :sgurD? esuba lohoclA? )sedizaiht dna pool( sciteruiD?
:sessol laneR
]92Q[ ]82Q[
ealutsif lanitsetni ,noitceser lanitsetni ,noitprosbalam ,aeohrraid ,msilohocla ,noitirtunlam :sessol IG ro ekatnI # #
aimeasengamopyH
sisolakla ,stsinogaUb ,nilusnI Á sllec eht otni noitubirtsideR )noiterces muissatop netfo dna noitprosbaer muidos elubut gnitcelloc ni " yramirp ,noitidnoc tnanimod lamosotua( emordnys s'elddiL egamad ralubut laneR )II & I epyt( sisodica ralubut laneR aimeasengamopyH
srehtO
]72Q[
emordnys s'namletiG ,emordnys s'rettraB )noiterces enoretsodla " osla( sciteruid pool dna sedizaiht :sciteruiD )airusocylg ni .g.e( siseruid citomsO
)noiterces
+
K dna noitprosba
+
aN
"! "!
( norhpen latsid ot yreviled
deunitnoc aimealakopyH
aN
" "
aimealakopyH
45
)snrub ,snoisel evitaduxe( ssol suoenatuC? eruliaf laner etuca ,siseruid evitcurtsboUtsop ,sudipisni setebaid ,sutillem setebaid ,citeruid( ssol laneR? Á ssol IG? egahrromeaH? :aimealovopyH aimeacitpeS
noisnetopyH
seidob ylloJ±llewoH eeS
msinelpsopyH
1UporP ,1UtiP .g.e :snoitatuM Á Á noitavrats ,esicrexe ereves ,aixerona :cimalahtopyH emordnys s'naheehS ,)egahrromeah/noitcrafni( yxelpopa yratiutip :ralucsaV sitisyhpopyh citycohpmyl ,sisotamorhcomeah ,X sisotycoitsih ,ssecsba ,amohpmyl ,sisodiocras ,BT :noitartlifni/noitammalfnI )erar( silihpys ,sitilahpecne/sitigninem :noitcefnI noitaidar/yregrus yratiutiP ruomut yratiutiP
msiratiutipopyH
selucam detnemgipopyH
yregrus ,amuarT )amotsalboniter ,amohpmyl ,aimeakuel .g.e( sesatsatem/sruomut ralucoartni fo sisorcen :ycnangilaM )sitievU eeS( sitievu roiretna :noitammalfnI sreclu laenroc ,sitimlahthpodne :noitcefnI
]03J[
ysorpeL )suoenatuc( amohpmyl llecUT Á sisorelcs suorebuT sisodiocraS suvean olaH rolocisrev aeniT ogilitiV yrotammalfniUtsoP Á
noypopyH
emordnys inocnaF airusocylg .g.e ,siseruid citomsO aicalamoetso decudniUruomut Á ,)tnanimod lamosotua ,deknilUX( stekcir cimeatahpsohpopyh yratidereH Á )msidioryhtaraprepyh 2 dna aimeaclacopyh gnisuac yb dna noitprosba IG # yb htob( ecnatsiser/ycneicifed D nimatiV noitercxe yraniru ":) 2 & 1( msidioryhtaraprepyH
laneR
ekatni yrateiD # )cinorhc( aeohrraiD sdicatna gniniatnocUmuisengam/munimula .g.e ,srednib etahpsohP Á
lanitsetniortsaG
enob ni etahpsohp dna +2aC fo noitisoped dekram ot eud :)ainepoetso gnitsixeUerp Á htiw stneitap ni ymotcedioryhtarap gniwollof( emordnys enob yrgnuH 55 noisnetopyH
esaesid yratiutip/cimalahtopyH
yradnoceS
ssecxe/ycneicifed edidoI? )sedimanoiht ,muihtiL ,enoradoima .g.e ,sgurd ,enidoiUoidar ,yregrus( cinegortaI? Á )sitidioryht s'otomihsaH( enummiotuA? :deriuqcA ycneicifed edidoi ,sisenegomrohsyd ,sisoeryhta :latinegnoC
msidioryhtopyH
ycneiciffusni niev geL sevitades ,stnasserpeditna ,setartin ,sciteruid ,sevisnetrepyhitnA :sgurD )emordnys yaD±yeliR( aimonotuasyd lailimaF? emordnys regarD±yhS ,yhporta metsys elpitlum ,esaesid s'nosnikraP :evitarenegeD? cimalahtopyh ,)recnac gnul llec llams .g.e( citsalpoenarap :sruomuT? silihpys ,VIH :noitcefnI? emordnys OrraB±nialliuG :noitammalfnI? Ä )apodUL ,scilcycirt( sgurd ,)erar( sisodiolyma ,sutillem setebaid :cilobateM? Á :yhtaporuen cimonotuA
yramirP
noisnetopyh larutsoP
deunitnoc
noitelped emuloV
noisnetopyH
:ralucsavoidraC
noitcurtsbo wolftuo ,esaesid laidracoym ,)esaesid laidracirep( gnillif cilotsaid
#
,saimhtyhrra .g.e ,tuptuo caidrac
#
taht noitidnoc ynA?
ycneiciffusni lanerdA
noisnetopyH
65
ssecsba ,sitilahpecne/sitigninem :noitcefnI )larberecartni ,dionhcarabus ,larudbus ,larudartxe( egahrromeah :ralucsaV
" ,erusserp lainarcartnI " "
yhtapolahpecne s'ekcinreW samoilG
egahrromeah ,noitcrafni :ralucsaV sisorelcs elpitluM :metsniarb eht ni sulucicsaf lanidutignol laidem fo tnemevlovnI
aigelpomlahthpo raelcunretnI
ainotsyd ,sutinnit ,aeonpa ,msilohocla ,amhtsa ,airutcon ,sutirurp ,niap ,enieffac ,scitonpyh/stnasserpeditna fo lawardhtiw ,sgurd :lacideM yteixna ,ainam ,noisserped :lacigolohcysP .cte levart ,sserts :gnitimilUfleS Á
ainmosnI
sredrosid latioC snerefed sav ,simydidipe fo noitcurtsbO smreps elitommI eleocociraV ) 2 ro
1( msidanogopyH
elaM
).ytilitrefni rotcaf elam edulcxe ot demrofrep eb dluohs ).cte ytilitom ,ytisned mreps( sisylana nemes :
etoN
(
emordnys dipilohpsohpitnA seitilamronba emosomorhC )sisoirtemodne ,sdiorbif .g.e( seitilamronba ytivac eniretU )snoisehda :yregrus/noitammalfni/noitcefni Utsop .g.e( sebut naipollaf detcurtsbO Á )msidanogopyh
2/ 1( noitaluvonA
elameF
ytilitrefnI
aispepsyD
eeS
noitsegidnI
ecnenitnocni laceaF ecnenitnocni yranirU :laceaF
eeS eeS
:yranirU
ecnenitnocnI
)sisorelcsorehta .g.e( esaesid ralucsaV sisorelcs elpitlum ,yregrus etatsorp/kcen reddalb retfa egamad evren ,)aimearu ,sutillem setebaid .g.e( yhtaporuen cimonotua :lacigolorueN ylagemorca ,samonitcalorp ,msidioryhtrepyh ,ycneicifed negordna/msidanogopyh :sredrosid enircodnE sreziliuqnart rojam
,)enotcalonirips( sciteruid ,sibannac ,srekcolbU Á
b ,stnasserpeditna ,lohocla :sgurD
ecnetopmI
)snoitcere gninrom evah yam stneitap( lacigolohcysP
I
75 erusserp lainarcartnI
ypareht norI sisotamorhcomeaH aimeassalaht .g.e ,snoisufsnart detaepeR
daolrevo norI
citycorcim ,aimeanA
eeS
ycneicifed norI
sitievU
eeS
sitirI
amedeo larberec ,sulahpecordyh ,noisnetrepyh lainarcartni ngineB sruomuT
deunitnoc
" ,erusserp lainarcartnI
yrujni daeh :amuarT
erusserp lainarcartnI
85
avac anev roirepus fo noitcurtsbO daolrevo diulF sitidracirep evitcirtsnoc ,noisuffe laidracireP noitatigruger dipsucirT eruliaf traeh thgiR
erusserp suonev raluguJ
esaesid s'tegaP sisobmorht niev raluguJ assof roiretsop eht otni gnidaerps rae elddim eht morf noitcefnI lluks fo esab ta erutcarf :amuarT ruomut ydob ditorac ,ruomut sumolg ,samotaetselohc ,sruomut elgna enitnopolleberec :sruomut rehtO sevren htIIX ro htX ,htXI fo amorbiforueN sesatsateM atamoignineM
PVJ " "
)IX dna X ,XI sevren lainarc gnivlovni( emordnys nemarof raluguJ
yhtapoignalohc SDIA ,sititaercnap ,aloicsaf/sisaimosotsihcs .g.e ,setisaraP sisohrric yrailib yramirp ,sitignalohc gnisorelcs yramirP )dlog ,saerulynohplus ,enizamorprolhc ,sPCO ,scitoibitna( :sgurD )serudecorp evisavni gniwollof( erutcirts ngineB citapeh atrop eht ta yhtaponedahpmyL tcud elib/retaV fo allupma/saercnap fo daeh fo amonicraC )tcud elib nommoc eht ni( senotsllaG
evitcurtsbO
aimeacitpeS emordnys
emordnys rotoR ,emordnys nosnhoJ±nibuD
iraihC±dduB ,ycneicifed nispyrtitnaU1 Á
a ,sisotamorhcomeah ,esaesid s'nosliW
sititapeh enummiotuA sititapeh cilohoclA snoitacidem labreh
ssecsba citapeh ,sesatsatem citapeh ,sisohrriC
,snixot ,)enahtolah ,etaorplav muidos ,snitats ,sgurd BTUitna ,lomatecarap( sgurD Á )revef Q ,sisoripsotpel ,sisomsalpoxot ,VBE ,VMC :snoitcefni rehto( ;C ,B ,A :lariV
ralullecotapeH
# eeS( sisylomeaH
)emordnys rajjaN±relgirC ,emordnys s'trebliG( noitadinoruculg ,siseioporhtyre evitceffeni ,)citylomeah ,aimeanA
citapehUerP Á
ecidnuaJ
sitilucsav lairacitru cimeatnemelpmocopyH amonicrac laihcnorB revef citamuehR ELS
yhtaporhtra s'duoccaJ
J
95 erusserp suonev raluguJ
staeb cipotce elpitlum ,kcolb traeh etelpmoc :ralugerrI lavretni RP gnol yrev htiw kcolb traeh laitrap ,aidracyhcat ladon lamsyxorap ,mhtyhr ladon :ralugeR
)sevaw nonnaC( sevaw 'a`
deunitnoc
erusserp suonev raluguJ
erusserp suonev raluguJ 06
.cte ,aimearu ,sisodicaotek citebaid .g.e ,sisodica cilobateM
gnihtaerb s'luamssuK
ogilitiV straW musoigatnoc mucsulloM sunalp nehciL sisairosP
nonemonehp renbeoK
msyruena laetilpoP? tsyc s'rekaB? asrub suonarbmemimeS?
:roiretsoP?
sisotsoxE? tsyc sucsinem laidem/laretal :laidem/laretaL? esaesid rettalhcS±doogsO? asrub ralletaparfnI? asrub ralletapUerp :roiretnA? Á :sgnillews dezilacoL ycnangilaM seditilucsav ,esaesid s'teOheB ,sisodiocras ,emordnys s'nergÐjS ,ELS :cimetsyS Â )sitirhtra citairosp ,sitilydnops gnisolykna ,)esaesid s'elppihW ,DBI( sitirhtra cihtaporetne ,sitirhtra evitcaer( seditirhtra evitagenoreS sitirhtraoetso ,sitirhtra diotamuehR tuogoduesp/tuoG )scailihpomeah ni( sisorhtrameah ,amuarT )esaesid emyL ,BT ,illicab ev
ÿ
marG ,iccoconog ,iccocolyhpats( sitirhtra citpeS
gnillews ,eenK
aiglarhtraonoM eeS
nellows/lufniap ,eenK
ylamona latinegnoC amotameah lanerireP )ymoterhpen laretalartnoc gniwollof( yhportrepyH sisorhpenoyp ,sisorhpenordyH amonicraC yendik citsyC
degralne ,yendiK
sesaesid egarots negocylG sisocixotoryht ,ycnangerp ,revef :stnemeriuqer cilobateM
"
noitavratS setebaiD
airunoteK
"
,TTPA eeS
TCCK
K
16 gnihtaerb s'luamssuK
yhtapoymoidrac evitcirtseR sitidracirep evitcirtsnoC noisuffe laidracireP
ngis s'luamssuK
ngis s'luamssuK
26
egahrromeaH sisylomeaH noitartlifni worram enob tnangilaM snruB
noitcaer diomeakueL ssenkaew geL
ytilibommI noisicxe ,noitartlifni tnangilam ,)sisairalif( noitcefni ,yparehtoidar :tnemevlovni edon hpmyl ,yramirp :)gnittipUnon( amedeohpmyL Á sniev esociraV sgel kaeW
BT ,noitcefni ereveS
eeS
cinorhC
erutpur tsyc s'rekaB amuart ,emordnys tnemtrapmoC sitilulleC
etucA laretalinU
noitcurtsbo niev caili laretalib/CVI ,ycnangerp ,ssam civlep .g.e ,noitcurtsbo suoneV cinorhc ,)gnittis degnolorp( etuca :ycneiciffusni suoneV daolrevo diulf ,srekcolb lennahc muiclac ,snegortseo :cinegortaI msidioryhtopyH eruliaf laneR )yhtaporetne gnisolUnietorp ,emordnys citorhpen Á ,noitprosbalam ,noitirtunlam( aimeanimublaopyh fo sesuac rehto ,eruliaf reviL
TVD
laretaliB gnillews geL
sitirhtrA msaps elcsum ,yrujni )tnemagil ,nodnet ,elcsum( eussitUtfos :lateleksolucsuM Á yhtaporuen larehpireP yhtapoxelp ,yhtapolucidaR sisonets lanac rabmul :lacigolorueN TVD )esaesid s'regreuB ,sitiretra ,sisorelcsoretra( cinorhc ,)erutcarf .g.e ,amuart ,msilobmeobmorht( etuca :noisulcco lairetra :ralucsaV
eruliaf traeH
niap geL
sisorcen ruomuT msilobme yranomluP egamad etycotapeH sisylomeaH
esanegordyhed etatcaL
noitcrafni laidracoyM
L
36
noitcaer diomeakueL
)evitcurtsbo ,ecidnuaJ eeS( sisatselohc :esaesid reviL
" ,PLA "
kcohS
egamad etycotapeH
"
,)TPGS( TLA
egamad elcsum latelekS noitcrafni laidracoyM sisylomeaH )ecidnuaJ eeS( egamad etycotapeH
"
,)TOGS( TSA
stset noitcnuf reviL
sitilucinnaP erusserP nilusni .g.e ,noitcejnI cihtapoidI
lacoL
)II epyt( sitirhpenoluremolg evitarefilorponarbmem htiw detaicossA srotibihni esaetorp :sgurd VIH latinegnoC
laitraP
laitrap ,yhportsydopiL
ogitepmI emordnys nosnhoJ±snehpetS/emrofitlum amehtyrE sugihpmeP xelpmis sepreH
snoisore piL
sitiliehc suotamolunarG diocraS esaesid s'nhorC )ycneicifed esaretse 1C( kcohs citoruenoignA noitcaer citcalyhpana/cigrellA etib tcesnI
sgnillews piL
sulobme loretselohC asodon sitiretraylop ,emordnys dipilohpsohpitna ,susotamehtyre supul cimetsys ,aimeanilubolgoyrC
siraluciter odeviL
silihpys ,adidnac ,VIH :noitcefnI noitcirf/amuarT
aikalpokueL
aimeana ereveS aixopyH ycnangilam .g.e ,noitartlifni worraM
aimeana citsalborhtyreokueL
aimeana citsalborhtyreokueL
46
)sisocymoidiccoc .g.e( lagnuf ,sisairalif ,sisomsalpoxoT? )selsaem ,allebur ,VMC ,VBE ,VIH .g.e( lariV? esaesid hctarcs tac ,silihpys ,sisollecurb :ylnommoc ssel ,BT ,lairetcaB?
yhtaponedahpmyL
noisses tset eht ot roirp esicrexe ,ytisebo ereveS tnuhs R L
:noitcefnI
!
amhtsA ymotcenomuenP aimeahtycyloP egahrromeah yranomluP
" "
noitamroflam suonevoiretrA aimeanA amesyhpmE sulobme yranomluP )sisorbif yranomlup( esaesid gnul laititsretnI
rotcaf refsnarT
)sisoillyreb ,sisocilis ,sisotsebsa ,sisoinocomuenp 'srekrow laoC( sesoinocomuenP? )gnul s'rekrow tlaM ,gnul s'reicnaf driB ,gnul 'sremraF .g.e( sitiloevla cigrella cisnirtxE? noitaidar ,)niotnarufortin ,nicymoelb ,nahplusub ,enoradoima( sgurD? sitilydnops gnisolykna ,sitirhtra diotamuehr ,sisodiocras ,ELS ,amredorelcs :sesaesid eussit evitcennoC? sitiloevla gnisorbif cinegotpyrC?
# #
%57 > oitar CVF/1VEF :tcefed evitcirtseR >
:sisorbif yranomluP DPOC
%57 < oitar CVF/1VEF :tcefed evitcurtsbO <
amhtsA yhtaporuenylop?
stset noitcnuf gnuL
seislap evren lainarC osla eeS
,xelpitlum sitiruenonom ,tnempartne ,amuart :sevren larehpireP? noisurtorp csid rabmul dna lacivrec :toor lanipS? sitileymoilop ,esaesid enoruen rotom :llec nroh roiretnA?
snoisel enoruen rotom rewoL ssensuoicsnoc fo ssoL
esaesid lanitsetni llamS ycnangerp :atnecalP eruliaf laner ,msidioryhtaraprepyh ,sesatsatem enob ,aicalamoetso ,enob fo esaesid s'tegaP ,erutcarf gnilaeh ,ecnecseloda ni htworg :)ytivitca citsalboetso ( esaesid enoB stuokcalB eeS
:edulcni selpmaxE
"
56
yhtaponedahpmyL
tnuoc llec etihW eeS
ainepohpmyL
sisotycohpmyL
niotynehp ,amezce ,sisairosp ,sisotycoitsih ,sisocixotoryht :eraR aimeakuel ,amohpmyl ,sesatsatem :ycnangilaM ELS ,sisodiocras ,sitirhtra diotamuehr :esaesid eussit evitcennoc/yrotammalfnI
tnuoc llec etihW eeS
deunitnoc
yhtaponedahpmyL
yhtaponedahpmyL 66
tsyc nairavO sdiorbiF suretu tnangerP reddalb degralnE
cibuparpuS
yendik civlep detnalpsnarT tsyc nairavO yhtaponedahpmyl cailI esaesid s'nhorC recnac cinoloC esaesid ralucitreviD )noitapitsnoc ni .pse( noloc diomgis dedaoL
assof caili tfeL
yendik civlep detnalpsnarT tsyc nairavO yhtaponedahpmyl cailI )laceacoeli( BT ssam xidneppA esaesid s'nhorC muceac fo amonicraC
assof caili thgiR
recnac citaercnaP yendik degralnE ylagemonelpS
muirdnohcopyh tfeL
itcer egraL revil citohrric a fo eludon citorcenUtsop ,ebol tfel :reviL Á tsycoduesp ,amonicrac :ssam citaercnaP amonicrac cirtsaG
muirtsagipE
ssam cinoloC )degralne ,yendiK
eeS( yednik
degralnE
)ssam reddalbllag ,recnac citaercnap .g.e tcud elib nommoc eht fo noitcurtsbo ,elecocum ,ameypme( reddalbllag degralnE )ylagemotapeH
sgnillews dna sessaM
samocrasoymodbahr .g.e ,snoisel gniypuccoUecapS Á emordnys s'nwoD sisodirahccasylopocuM ylagemorcA sisodiolymA
muirdnohcopyh thgiR
eeS( ylagemotapeH
]13Q[
nemodbA
BT .g.e ,snoitcefni cinorhC
aissolgorcaM
msidioryhtopyH
M
76
sgnillews dna sessaM
noisel enitnoP )xelfer thgil lipup
"(
sitievu roiretnA
)slipup ralugerri( lipup nostreboR llygrA setaipo ,spord eye enipracolip :sgurD
evitcaer±noN
emordnys s'renroH ega dlO
thgil ot evitcaeR
sisoiM
latinegnoC enizalasaflus ,senoloniuq ,eniuqamirp ,setirtin ,setartin ,enospad :sgurD
aimeanibolgomeahteM
aigahrroneM sa sesuac ralimiS
ralugerri ,gnideelb laurtsneM
gnideelb eniretu lanoitcnufsyD stnalugaocitna ,)esaesid s'dnarbelliW nov .g.e( seihtapolugaoc ,msidioryhtrepyh :smelborp cimetsyS noitcefni civlep cinorhc ,)nairavo ,lairtemodne ,lacivrec( ycnangilam ,sisoirtemodne ,sisoymoneda ,)lacivrec dna eniretu( spylop ,sdiorbif :sredrosid lacimotana lacoL
]23Q[
aigahrroneM
aisenmA
eeS
ssol yromeM
)naciremA htuoS( sisaimosonapyrT )SDIA/noitcefni VIH htiw stneitap ni( sitiloc VMC sitiloc cibeomA sitiloc suonarbmemoduesP sitiloc cimeahcsI esaesid lewob yrotammalfnI
nolocageM
)gnillews dna niap ralucitseT
eeS( sgnillews
lufniaP
ammuG ruomut ralucitseT eleocotamrepS tsyc lamydidipE elecordyH ainreh laniugni tceridnI
latorcS
droc eht fo eleocordyH droc eht fo amopiL sitset dednecsednu/cipotcE ssecsba saosP msyruena laromef ,xirav anehpas :ralucsaV yhtaponedahpmyL )laromef ,laniugni( sainreH
laniugnI
deunitnoc sgnillews dna sessaM
sgnillews dna sessaM
86
)saera lartim dna citroa ot gnitaidar ,redrob lanrets tfel ta draeh si rumrum cilotsys noitceje na MCOH ni :etoN(? sisonets yranomlup ,tcefed latpes lairta ,tneconni :aera yranomluP? ]53Q[ sisorelcs citroa ,)sisonets citroA eeS( sisonets citroa :aera citroA? :cilotsys noitcejE
srumruM
sreclU eeS
cilotsyS
sreclu htuoM
?seislap erusserp ot enorp :yhtaporuen yratidereH )amonicrac ,amohpmyl( noitartlifni :ycnangilaM sutillem setebaid :cilobateM esaesid s'teOheB ,emordnys s'nergÐjS ,sisodiocras  ,)ELS ,sitirhtra diotamuehr :yradnoces ;aimeanilubolgoyrc ,emordnys ssuartS ±gruhC ,sisotamolunarg s'renegeW ,NAP .g.e ,yramirp( sitilucsav :noitammalfnI ysorpel ,esaesid emyL ,retsoz sepreh ,VIH :noitcefnI
]43J[
xelpitlum sitiruenonoM
tnuoC lleC etihW eeS
sisotyconoM
ralucitraUartxE Á
sitilullec ,sitivonysonet ,sitisruB ]33Q[ ycnangilaM seditilucsav ,esaesid s'teOheB ,sisodiocras ,emordnys s'nergÐjS ,ELS :cimetsyS Â )sitirhtra citairosp ,sitilydnops gnisolykna ,)esaesid s'elppihW ,DBI( sitirhtra cihtaporetne ,sitirhtra evitcaer( seditirhtra evitagenoreS sitirhtraoetso ,sitirhtra diotamuehR tuogoduesp/tuoG )ailihpomeah( sisorhtrameah ,amuarT )esaesid emyL ,BT ,illicab ev± marG ,iccoconog ,iccocolyhpats( sitirhtra citpes :noitcefnI
aiglarhtraonoM sisonets lartiM
ralucitrA
evlav citehtsorp ,sesodirahccasylopocum ,sitidracodne ,dionicrac ,gnir evlav lartim deificlac ,latinegnoc :nommoc sseL )%09( esaesid traeh citamuehR noitatalid ralucirtnev tfel ot yradnoces :noitatigruger lartim lanoitcnuF )ELS ,emordnys s'nafraM ,emordnys solnaD±srelhE ,atcefrepmi sisenegoetso ,mucitsale amohtnaxoduesp( sesaesid eussit evitcennoc htiw detaicossa evlav lartim yppolf dna erutpur ladrohC )yhtapoymoidrac /esaesid traeh cimeahcsi( noitcnufsyd ro )IM retfa( erutpur elcsum yrallipaP espalorp evlav lartiM sitidracodne evitcefnI a dre c hR noietsaesiigrtuagheritlaamruteiM t 96 srumruM
sredrosid elcsum detirehni ,emordnys tnangilam citpeloruen ,aimrehtrepyh tnangilam :srehtO OC ,lohocla ,snitats ,setarbif :snixot/sgurD aimeatahpsohpopyh ,aimealakopyh :cilobateM sitisoyM seruzies ,esicrexe suorogiR amoc ,ytilibommi ,aimeahcsI
airunibolgoyM
yregrus ,amuarT esaesid s'remiehzlA
esaesid shcaS±yaT ,esaesid s'rehcuaG .g.e ,sesaesid egarots lamososyL
esaesid bokaJ±tdlefztuerC yhtapolahpecne cilobatem etucA
sunolcoyM
latinegnoC
htaed larberec ,amoc peeD amocualg erusolc elgna etucA )noilgnag yrailic eht ot evren eht fo noitareneged( lipup eidA±semloH yslap evren drihT tnalpmi snel ,ymotcediri ,aigelpodiri citamuartUtsop :amuarT Á annodalleb .g.e ,gninosiop ,)edimahtetulg ,enimatehpma ,eniacoc( esodrevo ,)edimaciport
,etalotnepolcyc ,eniporta .g.e ,sciniracsumitna( spord eye citairdym :sgurD
sisairdyM
aiglaymorbiF
emordnys eugitaf cinorhC
acitamuehr aiglaymyloP esaesid s'nosnikraP aixeryprepyh tnangilaM ycnangilaM esaesid eussit evitcennoc/yrotammalfnI cimetsys :noitcefnI ssecsba ,amotameah elcsuM )ssenkaew elcsum lamixorP
eeS(
lohocla ,sgurd ,evitcefni ,yrotammalfni ,cilobatem :yhtapoyM
aiglayM
cilotsaiD
susoiretra sutcud tnetap :suounitnoC )erar( sisonets dipsucirt ,)sisonets lartiM
eeS(
sisonets lartim :cilotsysUdiM Á noitatigruger
yranomlup ,)noitatigruger citroA
eeS(
noitatigruger citroa :cilotsaid ylraE
)noitatigruger dipsucirT
eeS(
noitatigruger dipsucirt
,tcefed latpes ralucirtnev ,)noitatigruger lartiM
eeS(
noitatigruger lartiM? :cilotsysnaP
deunitnoc
srumruM
srumruM 07
msyruena citroa gnidore :elitasluP? amotycamsalp ro ruomut ynob :draH? amopil :tfoS? :gnillews muirbunaM amonicrac laegahposeo/laehcart/laegnyral ,asrub dioyhbus ,alunar gnignulp ,hcuop laegnyrahp ,tsyc diomred laugnilbus :eraR sedon hpmyL tsyc lassolgoryhT gnillews dnalg dioryhT
sgnillews kceN
mgarhpaid ,gnul ,slessev/traeh ,xnyrahp ,redluohs ,tnioj ralucivalcoimorca/ralubidnamoropmet :niap derrefeR tsyc dioryht cigahrromeah ,sitidioryht ,enob fo esaesid s'tegaP ,aicalamoetso ,sisoropoetso :enircodne/cilobateM amoleym ,sruomut enob yradnoces dna yramirp :ycnangilaM )aiglaym lacivrec( noitcefni cimetsys lareneg ,siticsid ,)BT .g.e( sitileymoetso :noitcefnI )emordnys teltuo cicaroht ,amuart( snoisel suxelp laihcarb ,noitcessid yretra ditorac/larbetrev ,)egahrromeah dionhcarabus ,sitigninem( msigninem ,espalorp csid :lacigolorueN acitamuehr aiglaymylop ,yhtaporhtralydnops ,sitirhtra diotamuehr :yrotammalfnI sisotsorepyh lateleks cihtapoidi esuffid ,sisolydnops lacivrec :evitarenegeD noitacolsid ,erutcarf ,yrujni noisnetxeUnoixelf etuca :amuarT Á erusopxe dloc ,larutsoP
enildiM
niap kceN
gnitimoV
aesuaN
eeS
)sunis yrallixam ,laegnyrahposan( sruomuT )kael FSC( assof roiretna fo erutcarf ,ydob ngierof :amuarT amolunarg enildim ,sisodiocras ,sisotamolunarg s'renegeW ,)sisorbif citsyc .g.e( spylop :noitammalfnI SDIA ,silihpys ,lagnuf ,BT :yleraR? sitisunis ,)cinorhc/etuca( lariv :noitcefnI sitinihr rotomosaV lainnerep/lanosaes :sitinihr cigrellA
egrahcsid lasaN amuarT sunalp nehciL amezcE
amuarT sunalP nehciL amezcE ataera aicepolA
gnittip liaN
sisairosP
N
17
sgnillews kceN
latinegnoc :)yticolev lauqe evah stnemevom orfUdnaUot( raludneP Á Á ezag laretal emertxe eht ta :lacigoloisyhP
sumgatsyN
aixopyH sisylomeaH noitartlifni worraM
stsalbomroN
ycneuqerF
eeS airutcoN
elppin eht fo esaesid s'tegaP ,amollipap latcudartni ,amonicrac latcudartni :deniatsUdoolB Á esaesid citsycorbif ,aisatce tcud :neerg/wolleY )erar( BT ,ssecsba tsaerb ,sititsam :tnelurup aimeanitcalorprepyh ,ytrebup ,noitatcal ,ycnangerp etal :ykliM
egrahcsid elppiN
stnasserpeditna ,stsinoga HRnG :snoitacideM esuaponeM sruomut dilos ,amohpmyl .g.e ,ycnangilaM sisomsalpotsih ,VIH :srehto ,)sitileymoetso ,sitidracodne .g.e( snoitcefni lairetcab etucabus ,BT .g.e ,snoitcefni cinorhc :snoitcefnI
staews thgiN
tnuoc llec etihW
eeS ailihportueN eeS aineportueN
esaesid s'musfeR
tnuoc llec etihW
1 epyt yhtaporuen rotomirosnes yratidereH ylagemorcA sisotamorbiforueN sisodiolymA sisodiocraS ysorpel diolucrebuT
)yhportrepyh( gninekciht evreN
elcivalc fo ruomuT msyruena yretra naivalcbuS amorgyh citsyC )BT( ssecsba dloc ,sedon hpmyL
elgnairt roiretsoP
ruomut diotsamonretS msyruena ydob ditoraC ruomut ydob ditoraC tsyc laihcnarB gnillews )ditorap/ralubidnambus( dnalg yravilaS )BT( ssecsba dloc ,sedon hpmyL
elgnairt roiretnA
sgnillews kceN 27
deunitnoc
sgnillews kceN
mungam nemarof eht fo noiger eht ot sezilacol :ezagnwod no gnitaebUnwod fI .noisel metsniarb ro sgurd :sumgatsyn lacitreV Á metsniarb ro htnirybal ni noisel a :sumgatsyn yrotatoR
.noisel eht fo edis eht ot si esahp nI .noisel eht fo edis laretalartnoc
tsaf ,tneserp era sngis ralleberec rehto
C
eht ot si esahp tsap ,tneserp eb yam ogitrev dna sutinnit ,ssol gniraeh :
A
nI :
etoN
)eye gnitcudba laretalartnoc eht fo sumgatsyn ,noisel fo edis eht no noitcudda
#( aigelpomlahthpo raelcunretni ni nees osla si sumgatsyN
)niotynehp .g.e( sgur ? ? )sngis rallebereC
eeS
( esaesid rallebere
D C
)msilohocla( cixot ,)ruomut ,sisorelcs elpitlum( noitammalfni ,)AVC( ralucsav :ielcun ralubitsev/metsniar amoruen citsuoca ,sitinoruen ralubitsev ,)slanac ralucricimes ni sirbed lainocoto( ogitrev lanoitisop ngineb ,esaesid s'erOinOM Ä Á .g.e ,sesaesid )evren ralubitsev/htnirybal( rae renni rehto ,sitihtnirybal etuc
B
?
A
?
:)tneserp era esahp tsaf dna esahpUwols( ykreJ Á
37
sumgatsyN
.ssenfaed ,yhporta citpo ,sutillem setebaid ,sudipisni setebaiD*
*DAOMDID ,s'hcierdeirF .g.e ,saixata yratidereh ,yhporta citpo s'rebeL :yratidereH )amocualg( eye eht edisni erusserP
"
yretra laniter fo noisulccO noitareneged ralucam ,asotnemgip sitiniter :esaesid laniteR amuart tceridni ,erutcarf latibro :amuarT yhtaporuen citpo cimeahcsi roiretnA msyruena ditorac ,sunis dionehps ro yratiutip fo ruomut ,)sruomut evren citpo .g.e( latibroUartni :noisserpmoC Á diocras ,silihpys ,sesunis morf daerps :noitartlifni/noitcefnI lotubmahte ,setebaid ,ycneicifed
21B
nimativ ,lohocla ,occabot :sgurd/cilobatem/cixoT
)sruomut .g.e( amedeollipap gnidnatsUgnol ot Á
2 :erusserp lainarcartnI
"
)SM( sitiruen citpO
yhportA
csid citpO
senilcycarteT amuarT sisocixotoryhT noitcefni lagnuF sisairosP
sisylohcynO
)sisorbif laenotireporter ,ruomut ,senots( lanerUtsop ,)sisorcen Á ralubut etuca( laner ,)kcohs .g.e( lanerUerp :)cinorhc ,etuca( eruliaf laneR Á noitardyheD
airugilO
noisicxe ,noitartlifni tnangilam ,)sisairalif( noitcefni ,yparehtoidar :tnemevlovni edon hpmyl ,yramirp :amedeohpmyL
gnittipUnoN Á
noitcurtsbo niev caili laretalib/CVI ,ycnangerp ,ssam civlep .g.e ,noitcurtsbo suoneV cinorhc ,)gnittis degnolorp( etuca :ycneiciffusni suoneV daolrevo diulf ,srekcolb lennahc muiclac ,snegortseo :cinegortaI msidioryhtopyH eruliaf laneR yhtaporetne gnisolUnietorp ,emordnys citorhpen Á ,noitprosbalam ,noitirtunlam :aimeanimublaopyh fo sesuac rehto ,eruliaf reviL eruliaf traeH
laretalib ,gnittiP
elkna ,amedeO
eye der lufniaP
eeS
sitisoym latibrO sitiruen citpO
tnemevom eye no niaP
niap ralucO
O
niap ralucO 47
ecnetepmocni evlav dipsucirt .g.e :snoitaslup/noitsegnoc suoneV nibolgomeahtem ,nibolgomeahyxobrac :snibolgomeah lamronbA noitatnemgip nikS hsilop liaN IRM tcafitra noitoM thgil tneibma evisnetnI tnemecalp eborp reporpmI )kcohs .g.e( noisufrepopyH
srorre fo secruos ,noitarutas negyxO
amotaetsalohc htiw aidem sitito evitaruppus cinorhc :gnillems luoF aidem sitito etuca ,rae eht fo amonicrac ,amuart :ydoolb/tnelurupocuM anretxe sitito etuca :tneluruP noitarofrep a htiw aidem sitito evitariuppus cinorhc :diocuM FSC ,lanac rae eht fo amezce :yretaW
aeohrrotO
noitcefni laccoconoG aimeana citylomeaH ELS sitidracodne lairetcab etucabuS
sedon relsO
sreclU
eeS
sreclu larO
gninosiop latem yvaeH snoitpure gurd dexiF snacirgin sisohtnacA esaesid s'nosiddA emordnys s'rehgeJ±ztueP noitammalfni/amuartUtsoP Á )naisA ,nacirfA( laicaR
noitatnemgip larO
)noitanileymed( sitillipaP gninosiop daeL? A sisonimativrepyH? msidioryhtarapopyH? ainpacrepyH? sisobmorht sunis suonev ,sisobmorht niev laniteR? noisnetrepyh tnangilaM? amedeo larberec ,sulahpecordyh ,noisnetrepyh lainarcartni ngineb ,sessecsba ,sruomut ,sitilahpecne/sitignineM .yrujni daeh ,)larberecartni ,dionhcarabus ,larudbus ,larudartxe( egahrromeaH :erusserp lainarcartnI
"?
:amedeollpaP
derrulB
57
srorre fo secruos ,noitarutas negyxO
amoxym lairta ,yhtapoymoidrac ,stnuhs caidrac ,esaesid raluvlav ,rekamecap ,)TV ,TVS ,selotsysartxe ,FA .g.e( *aimhtyhrra yna :caidraC )eniacoc ,srotalidosav ,scigrenilohcitna ,lomatublas ,enitocin ,enieffac( sgurD ycnangerp ,aimeana ,esicrexe ,reveF
snoitatiplaP
esaesid tsohUsusrevUtfarg fo ngiS Á Á emrofitlum amehtyrE silihpys yradnoceS )sitidracodne evitcefni( snoisel yawenaJ )acigahrronelb amredotarek( emordnys s'retieR )emordnys OHPAS ni sitietso dna sisotsorepyh ,enca ,sitivonys htiw detaicossa eb yam( sisolutsup ratnalpomlaP amezce xylohpmoP )evoba
]73J[
hsar ratnalpomlaP
sisotarekrepyH
ees( amehtyre
ramlaP
sisotarekrepyh ratnalpomlaP
aimeakuel cinorhC ycnangerP sisocixotoryhT sitirhtra diotamuehR msilohoclA
eeS
amehtyre ramlaP
airunoteklynehp ,)daerpsediw( ogilitiv ,msinibla :rehtO msiratiutipopyh ,msidioryhtopyh :enircodnE aimeanA epocnyS kcohS lailimaf ,laicaR
esaesid reviL
rollaP
sititarek lairetcab/reclu laenroC amocualg erusolc elgna etucA sitievu roiretnA
eye der lufniaP
sisonets dipsucirT sisonets yranomluP )DPOC ,ilobme yranomlup ot yradnoces ,yramirp( noisnetrepyh yranomluP
sitirelcS
llaT
]63J[
mhtyhr )ladon VA( lanoitcnuj ,kcolb lairtaoniS aimealakrepyH noitallirbif lairtA
tnesbA evaw P
P
evaw P
67
aixeronA amohpmyL sisodiocraS emordnys s'nergÐjS
tnemegralne ditoraP
esaesid niahc yvaeH
laretaliB
aimeakuel ,amohpmyL )aimeanietorparap ngineb( yhtapommag lanolconoM sisodiolyma yramirP aimeanilubolgorcam s'mÐrtsnedlaW
aimeanietorparaP
aimeasengamopyh ,sisolakla yrotaripser ni .g.e ,aimeaclacopyH snoisel cimalaht/lacitroc :yleraR sisorelcs elpitlum ,noisserpmoc toor evren/droc .g.e ,esaesid droc lanipS noitainreh csid ,emordnys lennut laprac ,bir lacivrec .g.e ,noisserpmoc/tnempartne evren larehpireP )yhtaporuenyloP
amoleym elpitluM
eeS(
.cte msilohocla ,sutillem setebaid .g.e ,yhtaporuen larehpireP
eaisehtsearaP
ymotcenelpsUtsoP Á aimeana citylomeaH
seidob remiehneppaP amedeollipaP
csid citpO
aimeana citsalborediS
eeS
)HNP( airunibolgomeah lanrutcon lamsyxorap ,msinelpsrepyh ,sispes ,ELS sisorbifoleyM? amoleyM? sisatsateM? )etuca( aimeakueL? amohpmyL? noitartlifni worraM aimeana citsalbolageM cihtapoidI? selsaem ,sititapeh lariv ,VIH :noitcefnI? dlog ,scixototyc ,locinehpmarolhc :sgurD? sedicitcesni ,enezneb :slacimehC? noitaidaR? s'inocnaF :latinegnoC?
ainepotycnaP
.aidracyhcaT
aimeana citsalpA
eeS
*
noitazitamos ,noisserped ,redrosid yteixna dezilareneg ,skcatta cinap :cirtaihcysP sisotycotsam ,aimeacylgopyh ,samotycomorhcoeahp ,msidioryhtrepyh :enircodnE
77
tnemegralne ditoraP
noisuffe laidracireP
dizainosi ,enizalardyh :sgurD amuart/yregruS yparehtoidaR aimearU amedeoxyM ycnangilaM noitcrafni laidracoyM ELS ,sitirhtra diotamuehr :sesaesid eussit evitcennoc/yrotammalfnI )lagnuf ;BT ,
sitidracireP
eeS
succocotpertS
.g.e ,lairetcab ;VIH ,spmum ,allecirav ,VBE ,eikcasxoc .g.e ,lariv( noitcefnI
sitidracireP
)noitalfnirepyh( DPOC
cihtapoidI
tnanoserUrepyH Á
gninekciht laruelP sisorbiF noitadilosnoC espalloC )llud ynots( noisuffe laruelP
xarohtomuenP
lluD eton noissucreP
aisehtsearap aiglareM sitisrub ciretnahcorT sitiiliorcaS pih fo sitirhtraoetsO
)espalorp raelcun ro tnemegnipmi tecaf htiw( esaesid csid evitarenegeD
niap eldrig civleP
enob fo esaesid s'tegaP aicalamoetsO sisoropoetsO sitileymoetsO
amordnohc ,stsyc enob :sruomut ngineB
amoleym ,yradnoces ,yramirp :ycnangilaM aisalpsyd suorbif ,atcefrepmi sisenegoetso :latinegnoC
serutcarf lacigolohtaP
noitcefni lairetcaB stsyC iluclaC
ruomut s'nihtraW ,ruomut ditorap dexim ngineb .g.e ,sruomuT
laretalinU
scilohoclA
VIH ,spmum :noitcefnI aimeadirecylgirtrepyh ,scitebaiD
ylagemorcA
deunitnoc
tnemegralne ditoraP
tnemegralne ditoraP 87
elpmas eht ni gnittolc doolb :lautcafitrA )doolb derots fo noisufsnart evissam( ssol lanoituliD ylagemonelps ot eud gniloop cinelps :noitartseuqeS SUH ,PTT ,CID )enidiniuq ,eniniuq ,nirapeh ,scitebaidUitna ,tnasluvnocitna ,scitoibitna ,sciseglana .g.e( sgurD Á )VIH .g.e ,lariv ,airalam( snoitcefnI amohpmyl ,LLC ,ELS )PTI( enummiotuA
noitpmusnoc/noitcurtseD
noitcefni lariv ,)elozaxomirtUoc .g.e( sgurd ,slacimehc :setycoyrakageM Á
"
#
yparehtoidar ,)lohocla ,locinehpmarolhc ,scixototyc( :sgurD aimeakuel ,)citsalpa ,citsalbolagem( aimeana ,)amonicrac ,amohpmyl( noitartlifni worram ,sisorbifoleym ,amoleyM
eruliaf worram enoB
noitcudorP
steletalP
#
seldeen dna sniP
selucam detnemgipopyH dna noitatnemgiprepyH
eaisehtsearaP
eeS
]83J[
noitatnemgiP
eeS
noitpure thgil suohpromyloP argalleP adrat aenatuc airyhproP sitisoymotamreD ELS eniuqorolhc ,senizaihtonehp ,nivlufoesirg ,senilcycartet ,sedimanohplus ,enoradoima .g.e ,sgurD
hsar detubirtsidotohP eaihceteP
airunietsycomoH aileymogniryS adifib anipS sitileymoiloP aixata s'hcierdeirF esaesid htooT±eiraM±tocrahC arupruP
eeS
suvac seP
amedeO
amedeo larehpireP amedeo latibroireP bur laidracireP
97 steletalP sitidracireP gnillews laicaF
eeS
eeS
eeS
BT ,esaesid emyL ,revef citamuehr ,)allebur ,spmum ,B sititapeH ,VIH ,VBE ,sesurivoretne .g.e( lariv ,)laccoconog ,laccocolyhpats .g.e( sitirhtra citpes detanimessid :noitcefnI
aiglarhtrayloP aispidyloP
sisorbifoleyM aimeassalahT airuyloP
eeS
aimeana ycneicifed norI
sisotycolikioP
niap tsehC
niap tsehc citiruelP
emordnys 'sgieM sitidracirep evitcirtsnoC msidioryhtopyH aimeanietorpopyH eruliaf caidraC
eeS
etadusnarT
)etuca( sititaercnaP IMUtsoP Á noitcrafni yranomluP amoilehtosem ,amonicrac laihcnorb :ycnangilaM sisodiocras ,ELS .g.e ,esaesid eussit evitcennoc/noitammalfnI ainomuenp lairetcab ,BT :noitcefnI
noisuffe laruelP
LMC aisalpsydoleyM )ainepotycobmorht retal ,yllaitini( sisorbifoleyM arev aimeahtycyloP aimeahtycobmorht laitnessE
etaduxE
yramirP
yregrus/amuarT ymotcenelpS )esaesid s'nikgdoH .g.e( ycnangliaM )esaesid s'ikasawaK .g.e( noitammalfnI noitcefnI ssol doolB
)sisotycobmorht( steletalP
yradnoceS "
aimearu ,niripsa ,aimeanietorparap ,sredrosid evitarefilorpoleym ,esaesid reviL esaesid loop egarotS ainehtsabmorht s'nnamznalG esaesid reiluoS±dranreB
sredrosid lanoitcnuF
deunitnoc
steletalP
steletalP 08
siseruid evitcurtsboUtsoP Á eruliaf laner cinorhc ,eruliaf laner etuca fo esahp citeruiD sciteruiD )deknilUX ,muihtiL ,aimealakopyh ,aimeaclacrepyh :cinegorhpeN? Á )*DAOMDID ,sitisyhpopyh citycohpmyl ,X sisotycoitsih ,diocras ,BT .g.e( noitartlifni ,yregrus/amuart ,ruomut :lartneC? :sudipisni setebaiD )dellortnocnu( sutillem setebaiD
airuyloP
esaesid kciP±nnameiN ,esaesid s'yrbaF .g.e ,sesaesid egarots lamososyl ,emordnys s'musfeR ,emordnys htooT±eiraM±tocrahC ,airyhprop ,aimeanietorpopilateba .g.e :yratidereH aimearu ,sisodiolyma ,ycneicifed enimaiht/ 21B ,msidioryhtopyh ,sutillem setebaid :cilobateM )dlog ,niotnarufortin ,dizainosi ,niotynehp ,elozadinortem ,enoradoima ,enitsircniv ,munitalpsic( sgurd ,sedicitcesni ,)dael .g.e( slatem yvaeh ,lohocla :cixoT aimeanietorparap ,citsalpoenarap :sruomuT )asodon sitiretraylop .g.e( seditilucsav ,ELS ,sisodiocras ,emordnys s'nergÐjS ,yhtaporuen gnitanileymed yrotamma¯ni cinorhc ,emordnys OrraB±nialliuG :noitammalfnI Ä airehthpid ,ysorpel ,esaesid emyL ,VIH :noitcefnI
]93J[
yhtaporuenyloP
sdiorbif ,amotsalboignameah ralleberec ,amotapeh ,stsyc/amonicrac llec laner .g.e ,niteioporhtyre ni
"
etairporppanI .esaesid traeh citonayc ,esaesid gnul cinorhc
,edutitla hgih .g.e ,aixopyh cinorhc :niteioporhtyre ni
"
etairporppA : 2?
arev arbur aimeahtycyloP : 1? :aimeahtycylop eurT emordnys s'kcÐbsiaG ,)sciteruid ,lohocla .g.e( noitardyhed :aimeahtycylop evitaleR
aimeahtycyloP aisamorhcyloP
egahrromeaH
siseioporhtyresyd ,sisylomeaH ) 21B ,etahplus suorref( scinitameaH
revef citamuehR
aiglarhtraylop yrotargiM
sitirhtra laccoconoG )yhtaporhtraoetso yranomlup cihportrepyh( ycnangilam ,llec elkcis ,sisotamorhcomeah :rehtO acitamuehr aiglaymylop ,seditilucsav yramirp ,s'teOheB ,s'nergÐjS ,diocras ,ELS :sesaesid cimetsyS Â )sitirhtra citairos ,)DBI ,s'elppihW( cihtaporetn
P
,sitilydnops gnisolykn
A
E
,s'retieR/evitcae
R
( :sitirhtra evitagenoreS
)dezilareneg( sitirhtraoetso ,sitirhtra diotamuehR tuogoduesp/tuoG
18
airuyloP
"
,)TP( emit nibmorhtorP
)egrahcsid lanigav
,nemes( noitanimatnoc ,airunietorp citatsohtro ,FCC ,esicrexe ,revef :rehtO sisodiolymA amoleym elpitluM )sitirhpenoluremolg ,ELS( noitammalfnI )ITU( noitcefnI noisnetrepyH sutillem setebaiD ycnangerP
airunietorP
srekram ruomuT eeS )ASP( negitna cificepsUetatsorP Á
]14J[
)emordnys trepA ro nozuorC :sesonetsoinarc( seitilamronba latibrO sisocixotoryhT sisobmorht sunis suonrevaC alutsif suonrevacocitoraC
laretaliB
sitilullec latibrO amolunarg ,).cte ,amohpmyl s'nikgdoH ,ruomut evren citpo .g.e( ruomut latibrO
sisotporP
musonrevac suproc eht fo yretra peed eht fo msyruena na ni gnitluser yrujni na yb desuaC? :)erar( wolf hgiH sisylaidomeaH? aimeakuel ,sesaesid llec elkcis :sesaesid lacigolotameaH? nisozarp .g.e ,stnega gnikcolBU ? Á ecnetopmi rof enirevapap ro lidatsorpla fo noitcejniUfles retfA? Á esruocretni lamron retfA? :wolf woL
laretalinU
a
msipairP
yhportsyd ralucsum s'ennehcuD ,yhtapoymoidrac evitcurtsbo cihportrepyH emordnys eniveL±gnonaG±nwoL emordns etihW±nosnikraP±ffloW
trohS gnoL
]04J[
kcolb )VA( ralucirtnevoirta eergedUtsriF Á
lavretni RP
sitidracirep evitcirtsnoc ,eruliaf caidrac evitsegnoc ,)sisobmorht niev citapeh( emordnys iraihC±dduB :citapehtsoP sisaimosotsihcs ,atamolunarg ,sisohrric :citapeH sisobmorht niev cinelps/latrop :citapeherP
noisnetrepyh latroP
aispydylop cinegohcysP
noisnetrepyh latroP
28
HAC :slanerda eht ni sisehtnyS rehtom eht yb nekat snegotsegorp cinegordna ro snegordna fo ekatni ,)HAC( aisalprepyh lanerda latinegnoc ,ycnangerp fo amoetul ro ruomut nairavo/lanerda morf negordna :doirep cinoyrbme eht gnirud erusopxE
"?
"?
:snegordna ssecxE
etidorhpamrehoduesP yslap rabluboduesP
stnap thgit ,yteixna :rehtO sisorelcs nehcil ,sisairosp ,amezce ,sititamred tcatnoc :esaesid nikS traw ,alutsif ,erussif ,sdiohrromeah :esaesid lanA seibacs
elameF
]34J[
yslap rabluB eeS
,)sirurc aenit ,sisaididnac( lagnuf ,)mrowdaerht( siralucimrev suiboretnE :noitcefnI eneigyh roop ,aeohrraid ,ecnenitnocnI
ina sutirurP
sdiolakla :sgurD
mrowkooh ,sisairalif :noitcefni laciporT yteixna ,aibohpotisarap :lacigolohcysP amohpmyl s'nikgdoH ,aimeana ycneicifed nori ,aimeahtycylop :lacigolotameaH sutillem setebaid ,msidioryhtopyh ,msidioryhtrepyh :enircodnE eruliaf laner cinorhc ,eruliaf revil :cilobateM
sesaesid cimetsyS
)setib tcesni gniwollof( ogirurp raludoN )yllanoisacco( sisairosP sredrosid gniretsilB simrofitepreh sititamreD setisarap ,retsoz sepreh ,xelpmis sepreH seibacS sunalp nehciL snoitcaer cigrella ,amezcE
sesaesid suoenatuC
sutirurP
)aimealakrepyh/opyh htiw detaicossa( sisylarap cidoirep lailimaf ,seihtapoym lairdnohcotim ,)emordnys s'eldrAcM .g.e sesaesid egarots negocylg .g.e( seihtapoym cilobatem ,seihportsyd ralucsum :detirehnI )ohce ,eikcasxoc ,azneulfni( lariv ,)sisocrecitsyc ,sisonihcirt( setisarap ,sitisoym laccocolyhpats :noitcefnI acitamuehr aiglaymylop ,sitisoymylop ,sitisoymotamred :yrotammalfnI aicalamoetso ,msidioryhtopyh ,sisocixotoryht ,emordnys s'gnihsuC ,sdiorets :cilobatem/cixoT
ssenkaew elcsum lamixorP
negonirbif ,II ,V ,X ,IIV :srotcaf noitalugaoc fo noitibihni ro ycneicifed .e.i yawhtap cisnirtxe eht srotinom TP :etoN nirapeH CID esaesid reviL ycneicifed K nimativ/nirafraW
]24J[
38
etidorhpamrehoduesP
thgirblA±enuCcM msalpoen nairavO )tnempoleved tsyc nairavo enomroh dioryht HSF
!
"
:noiterces HSF setalumits HST
"!
#
( msidioryhtopyH
)noiterces HSF erutamerp ot eud ylbissop depoleved( tsyc nairavO
:snegortseo ssecxe :)ehcarleht( tnempoleved tsaerb erutamerP
sdiorets xes suonegoxE HAC ,sruomut lanerda morf snegordna ssecxE sllec gidyeL no rotpecer nihportodanog eht fo noitavitca evitutitsnoc :emordnys thgirblA±enuCcM ruomut llec gidyeL rotpecer HL eht fo noitatum gnitavitca na ot eud )sisocixototset( noitavitca erutamerp sllec gidyeL samotaret cimalahtopyh/laenip ,amotsalbotapeh ,amotapeh morf .g.e ,)ytivitca ekilUHL sah hcihw( GCh yb detalumits sllec gidyeL Á
snegordna ssecxe :tnempoleved riah yrallixa/cibup erutamerP etelpmocnI
snoitartlifni ,noitaidar ,amuart ,)samotramah ,amoilg :yratiutip/cimalahtopyh( sruomut :deriuqcA snoitamroflam niarb ,sulahpecordyh :latinegnoC
)lartnec( etelpmoC
suoicocerP deyaleD ytrebuP
TTPA
)msidanogopyH
eeS(
tesno latrebupUerp fo msidanogopyH Á
yaled ytrebup dna htworg lanoitutitsnoC
TTP
eeS
eeS
emit nibmorhtorP
TP
silihpyS latinegnoC yhtapoym ralucO? yhportsyd cinotoyM? sivarg ainehtsayM? :yhtapoyM )emordnys
)yslap evren lainarC
s'renroH eeS( emordnys s'renroH eeS( yslap evren drihT
sisotP
)emordnys noitazinimef ralucitset( etelpmoc )emordnys s'nietsnefieR( laitrap morf seirav murtceps :ytivitisnesni negordnA )evissecer lamosotua( ycneicifed esatcuder ahplaU5 Á )evissecer lamosotua( stcefed sisehtnys enoretsotseT )evissecer lamosotua( noitatum rotpecerUHL ro )HL( enomroh gnizinietuL Á
!
deunitnoc
etidorhpamrehoduesP
aisalpopyh llec gidyeL
elaM
48
etidorhpamrehoduesP
)ereves( amhtsA sitidracirep evitcirtsnoc ,edanopmat caidraC
sucixodarap susluP
sisonets citroA
sitidracirep evitcirtsnoc ,noisuffe laidracireP kcohS
# #
)esaesid s'tegaP ,ireb ireb ,aimeana ereves .g.e( eruliaf caidrac tuptuoUhgiH Á susoiretra sutcud tnetaP ycnangerP sisocixotoryhT noitatigruger citroA
erusserp esluP
)silihpys yradnoces ,sitiretra llec tnaig ,sitiretra s'usayakaT( sitilucsav lessev egraL :sitiretrA msyruena citroA noitcessid citroA esaesid cilobmeobmorht ,sisorelcsorehtA
" "
sisonets citroa raluvlavarpuS emordnys laets naivalcbuS
seslup deyaled/lauqenU
esicrexe ,aimeana ereves ,sisocixotoryht ,salutsif VA egral ,susoiretra sutcud tnetap ,noitatigruger citroa :emulov ekortS sisocixotoryht ,eruliaf revil ,sispes ,)DPOC .g.e( noitneter
2OC
"
:noitatalidosav larehpireP
eslup gnidnuoB
inimegib ralucirtnev ,kcolb traeh
2 :ralugerri ylralugeR
kcolb elbairav htiw rettulf lairta ,)selotsysartxe( staeb cipotce elpitlum ,noitallirbif lairta :ralugerri ylralugerrI )noitaripsni htiw sesaercni etar( aimhtyhrra suniS
eslup ralugerrI
:aidracydarB :aidracyhcaT
aidracydarB eeS eeS aidracyhcaT
esluP
VIH? )tnasserppus etiteppa( enimarulfnef :sgurD? )amredorelcs ,ELS .g.e( esaesid eussit evitcennoC? )susoiretra sutcud tnetap ,DSA ,DSV( wolf doolb yranomluP
"?
ilobme yranomlup tnerruceR? )DPOC( esaesid gnul cinorhC? )sisobmorht/amoxym lairta tfel ,FVL ,esaesid evlav lartim( esaesid traeh tfeL? :yradnoceS
noitnetrepyh yranomluP stset noitcnuf yranomluP
58 sucixodarap susluP stset noitcnuf gnuL
yramirP
eeS
esaesid yendik citsycylop ,sitirhpen laititsretni ,)ssecxe ciseglana .g.e( sisorcen yrallipap laneR iluclaC )scixototyc .g.e( sititsyc lacimehc ,ruomut :reddalB tnemeriuqer erutluc suoiditsaf htiw ITU ,ITU detaert yletauqedani ,BT
elirets ,airuyP
)FPF( revef cidoirep lailimaf ,)FMF( revef naenarretideM lailimaF niripsa ,dizainosi ,sedimanohplus .g.e :sgurD amonicrac citaercnap ,amonicrac ralullecotapeh ,amonicrac llec laner ,aimeakuel ,samohpmyl :ycnangilaM acitamuehr aiglaymylop ,seditilucsav ,sisodiocras ,ELS ,sitirhtra diotamuehr :DTC/noitammalfnI airalam ,)VBE ,VMC ,VIH( snoitcefni lariv ,sisollecurb ,BT? noitcefni yrailib ,ITU ,sitileymoetso ,sitidracodne evitcefni :lairetcaB? )sivlep ,revil ,cinerhpbus( sessecsba :noitcefnI
)OUP( nigiro nwonknu fo aixeryP
)%05( cihtapoidI sisotamolunarg s'renegeW arev arbur aimeahtycylop ,amoleym ,aimeakuel :lacigolotameaH seditirhtra evitagenores ,sitirhtra diotamuehR sititapeh enummiotua ,esaesid lewob yrotammalfnI
musonergnag amredoyP
aecasor ,enca :sngis niks rehto htiW emordnys s'teewS ,esaesid s'teOheB :)ygrehtap( amuart fo setis ta gnipoleveD Â dizainosi ,niotynehp ,sdiorets :sgurD ]44Q[ musonergnag amredoyP )ralutsup( sisairosP seibacS? )sdiorets lacipot htiw detaert yletairporppani noitcefni etyhpotamred( :lagnuF? )selcisev yb dedecerp selutsup( VZV ,VSH :lariV? silihpys yradnoces ,laccoconoG ,illicab evÿ marG ,laccocolyhpatS :lairetcaB? :noitcefnI
selutsuP
sisodiolyma ,aisatceignalet cigahrromeah yratidereh ,)loretselohc .g.e( ilobme :srehtO emordnys solnaD±srelhE ,yvrucs :sesaesid negalloC sitirhtra diotamuehr ,ELS : 2? aimeanilubolgoyrc ,sisotamolunarg s'renegeW ,ssuartS±gruhC ,asodon sitiretraylop ,aruprup nielnÐhcS±hconeH : 1? :g.e :sitilucsaV )stnalugaocitna ,esaesid revil ,ailihpomeah( yhtapolugaoc ,)esaesid s'dnarbelliW nov( evitatilauq ,)ainepotycobmorht( evitatitnauq :sredrosid teletalP sitidracodne evitcefni ,CID/aimeacitpes laccocogninem :noitcefnI )emordnys s'gnihsuC ,cinegortai( sdioretS elineS
arupruP
airocosinA eeS :lauqenU sisoiM eeS :detcirtsnoC sisairdyM eeS :detaliD
slipuP
slipuP
68
nixogiD aimeaclacrepyH aimrehtrepyH
trohS
yrujni larbereC sitidracoym etuca ,IM etucA sgurd cimhtyhrraUitna aI ssalC ,eniuqorolhc ,stnasserpeditna cilcycirt :sgurD Á emordnys nesleiN±egnaL±llevreJ ,emordnys draW±onamoR :latinegnoC aimeasengamopyh ,aimealakopyh ,aimeaclacopyH aimrehtopyH gnoL lavretni TQ evaw R eeS : 1V ni sevaw R tnanimoD kcolbimeh roiretna tfeL? thgiR dna tfeL :kcolb hcnarb eldnuB? kcolb VA etelpmoc ,aidracyhcat ralucirtnev ,selotsysartxe ralucirtneV? sexelpmoc SRQ ediW amedeoxyM? noisuffe laidracireP? DPOC? ytisebO? noitazidradnats tcerrocnI? sexelpmoc SRQ egatlov woL skcolb hcnarb eldnuB eeS :kcolb hcnarb eldnuB noitaived sixA eeS :noitaived sixA sexelpmoc SRQ kcolb hcnarb eldnuB yhportrepyh ralucirtnev tfeL )noitarud 'sruoh wef a >( noitcrafni laidracoyM 6VU 5V ,III ni nommoC? Á sdael laretal eht ni sevaw Q 'latpeS`? peed mm 2 < ro evaw R gniwollof eht fo thgieh eht fo %52 < fI? lamroN sevaw Q
Q
78
lavretni TQ
amonicraconeda daerpsediW aispmalceUerp Á ,aimeacitpes laccocogninem ,noisnetrepyh tnangilam ,PTT ,SUH ,CID aimeana citylomeah cihtapoignaorciM tfarg laicifitra/evlav traeh laicifitrA
noitatnemgarf llec doolb deR
amonicrac lanA VIH ,silihpys ,aeohrronog ,BT lana :noitcefnI
yleraR
amoneda suolliV emordnys reclu latcer yratiloS DBI lanaireP alutsif lanA amonicrac latceR
lanoisaccO
sititcorP
straw lanaireP espalorp latceR erussif lanA sdiohrromeaH
egrahcsid latceR
esaesid ralucsaV
nommoC
srekcolbUb :sgurD Á bir lacivreC )s'mÐrtsnedlaW( aimeanilubolgorcam ,aimeanilubolgoyrC sninitulgga dloC sitisoymotamred ,sitirhtra diotamuehr ,emordnys s'nergÐjS ,ELS ,amredorelcs :sesaesid eussit evitcennoC )sloot gnitarbiv( lanoitapuccO cihtapoidI
nonemonehp s'duanyaR
hsar detubirtsidotohP ,selucam detnemgipopyH ,noitatnemgiprepyH osla
eeS
ycnangilaM sesaesid eussit evitcennoc/yrotammalfnI )citisarap ,lagnuf ,lariv ,lairetcab( noitcefnI sgurD airacitru ,sisairosp ,amezce .g.e ,sesaesid suoenatuC
hsaR
)muirta tfel ni( !rekamecap decalpsiM )yawhtap yrossecca dedisUtfel( emordnys etihW±nosnikraP±ffloW Á sitidracoyM IM roiretsoP msilobme yranomlup ,BBB thgir ,yhportrepyh ralucirtnev thgiR
1V ni tnanimod ,evaw R
R
1V ni tnanimod ,evaw R 88
sitirhpenoleyP sutillem setebaiD
4 epyT
aimeanisoryt ,esaesid s'nosliW ,sisonitsyc ,ecnarelotni esotcurf ,emordnys s'inocnaF fo trap sa :latinegnoC slatem yvaeh ,edimalozateca :sgurD ,ycneicifed D nimativ ,msidioryhtaraprepyh ,amoleym :deriuqcA
2 epyT
)deterceS
TON
dicA :cinomenM(
aimeana llec elkciS )noitcejer( yendik detnalpsnart ,muihtiL ,niciretohpma :cixoT yhtaporu evitcurtsbO yendik egnops yralludem ,aimeaclacrepyh :sisoniclacorhpeN sisohrric yrailib yramirp ,ELS ,emordnys s'nergÐjS :enummiotuA
]54J[
sisodica ralubut laneR
)laretalinu( amocualG
1 epyT
tnemhcated laniteR noisulcco yretra laniter lartneC noisserpmoc evren citpO sitiruen citpO
)DPAR( tcefed yrallipup tnereffa evitaleR
aimeartanopyh ereveS noisel siralludem sunoC argalleP silasod sebaT kcohs lanipS )ycneicifed
21B(
droc eht fo noitareneged denibmoc etucabuS aixata s'hcierdeirF
sratnalp gniog±pu htiw sexelfer tnesbA
noisel enoruen rotom rewoL noisel enoruen rotom reppU
esaesid enoruen rotoM
eeS :#? eeS :"?
sexelfeR
sexelfeR
tnemhcated laniteR egahrromeh suoertiV )amocualg erusolc elgna etuca( amedeo laenroC tcarataC
tnesba ,xelfer deR
eye der lufniaP
osla eeS
egahrromeah lavitcujnocbus ,aluceugnip demalfni :rehtO amocualg erusolc elgna etucA )sitievu roiretna( sitirI sitirelcS sitirelcsipE )laidymalhc ,lairetcab ,lariv ,cigrella( sitivitcnujnoC
eye deR
98 sisodica ralubut laneR
ev
,rotcaf diotamuehR
amredorelcS ELS )%07( sitirhtra diotamuehR )%59( emordnys s'nergÐjS
)sisonicsufopil diorec( sesodipil lanorueN seihtaporuen lailimaF saixata yratidereh rehto dna aixata s'hcierdeirF esaesid s'musfeR ldeiB±nooM±ecneruaL aimeanietorpopilatebA
asotnemgip sitiniteR
)sitilucsav laniter larehpirep( esaesid selaE )esaesid evisulcco ditorac ot eud( emordnys cimeahcsi ralucO ELS yhtaponibolgomeah llec elkciS sisobmorht niev laniteR yhtaponiter evitarefilorp citebaiD
noitaziralucsavoen laniteR
segahrromeah laniteR
amedeolllipaP noisnetrepyH yhtaponiter citebaiD noisulcco niev laniter lartneC
eseht kcal taht worram ot nevig tnemtaert nori/etalof/21B ot esnopser eht retfA egahrromeaH sisylomeaH
sisotycoluciteR
amoc ,)sevitades( sgurd ,)erusserp lainarcartni "( ruomut ,)yrujni daeh( amuart ,)sitilahpecne ,sitigninem( noitcefni :esaesid SNC setelhta denoitidnocUllew :lacigoloisyhP Á
#
sisodica cilobateM sisylarap citamgarhpaid ,seticsa :mgarhpaid fo noitavelE ycnangilam ,)sitilucsav( noitammalfni ,noitcefni ,esaesid evitcirtser ,kcatta amhtsa .g.e ,esaesid evitcurtsbo ,msilobme yranomlup ,xarohtomuenp :esaesid gnuL yteixna ,esicrexe :lacigoloisyhP
"
etar yrotaripseR
sag doolb lairetrA eeS :2 epyT sag doolb lairetrA eeS :1 epyT
eruliaf yrotaripseR
esaesid llec elkciS noitcurtsbo yranirU 09
ct g dseiuenrutid onirapsUÁmuissatop ,sDIASN :sgurD in c
sisodica ralubut laneR
sisodica ralubut laneR
tnemhcated laniter cinorhC ruomut/noitammalfni ralucoartni cinorhC aluts® suonrevac±ditorac gnidulcni esaesid yretra ditoraC )sisobmorht niev laniter ,esaesid llec elkcis ,sutillem setebaid( yhtaponiter evitarefilorP
siri sisoebuR
ELS ,NAP :sitilucsaV aimeanA ]64Q[ aimeakueL sitidracodne evitcefnI
stops s'htoR
)sessecsba( sispes dezilacoL airalaM ainomuenp laccocomuenP sitirhpenoleyP sitignalohC
srogiR
)%5( slaudividni yhtlaeH sititapeh cinorhc ,sitidracodne lairetcab etucabus ,sisoelcunonom suoitcefni ,BT .g.e ,sesaesid yrotammalfni/noitcefnI sitisoymotamred/sitisoymyloP aimeanilubolgoyrc dexiM esaesid eussit evitcennoc dexiM 19 siri sisoebuR
snmuloc lasrod laretalib :noitasnes noitarbiv/noitisop tnioJ
stcart cimalahtonips laretalib :noitasnes erutarepmet/kcirp niP ? :)level yrosnes lamotamred a woleb( knurt dna sbmil rewol laretaliB )ssol yrosnes laicaf eht ot laretalispi( metsniarb laretalartnoC? :ssol yrosnes laicaf laretalartnoc
#? #
yrosnesimeH
noisel cimalaht laretalartnoC? :ssol yrosnes laicaf laretalispi
)gel
,knurt ,mra( ssol yrosnesimeH
noitubirtsid ,ecnabrutsid yrosneS
sesaesid egarots cilobateM sisorelcs suorebuT ylamona latinegnoC
nerdlihC
PB desiar yreV esaesid noirp ,esaesid s'remiehzlA :sredrosid evitarenegeD sisodiocras ,ELS ,sitilucsav ,SM :noitammalfnI VIH ,sisocrecitsyc ,BT ,ssecsba ,sitilahpecne ,sitigninem :noitcefnI ycneicifed nimativ ,)amonilusni ,esaesid s'nosiddA ,msidioryhtaraprepyh/opyh ,amedeoxym ,msiratiutipopyh( sredrosid enircodne ,eruliaf citapeh/laner ,) ,
+2 +2
gM
aC , K , aN
+ +
# ro "( secnabrutsid etylortcele ,aimeacylgopyh ,aixopyh :cilobateM
edixonom nobrac ,dael ,sgurd ,lohocla :cixoT sruomuT yrujni daeh :amuarT noitamroflam
ralucsav ,sisobmorht suonev lacitroc ,egahrromeah ,noitcrafni :ralucsaV
seruzieS
stludA
sgnillews dna sessaM eeS
gnillews latorcS
alucam eht gnitceffa esaesid laniteR esaesid evren citpO
lartnec ,amotocS
retsoz sepreH tuoG )asodon sitiretraylop ,sisotamolunarg s'renegeW( sitilucsaV sitilydnops gnisolyknA sitirhtra diotamuehR
snarofrep aicalamorelcS
ysorpel suotamorpeL sitirdnohcylop gnispaleR sisotamolunarg s'renegeW silihpys latinegnoC amuarT
ytimrofed eson elddaS
S
ytimrofed eson elddaS 29
)evren ralupacsarpus ro cicaroht gnol( tnempartne evren ,sisonets lanips/noitainreh csid lacivreC? )niap redluohs tfel( aimeahcsi laidracoyM? :niap derrefeR sisorcen ralucsavA sitinidnet cificlac etucA )tuogoduesp/tuog ,sitirhtra diotamuehr ,sitirhtraoetso ,citpes( sitirhtrA sitinidnet latipiciB raet ffuc rotatoR sitisrub laimorcabuS sitinidnet ffuc rotatoR )redluohs nezorf( sitiluspac evisehdA erutcarf ,noitaxulbus ,seirujni esurevO
niap redluohS
ssensselhtaerB rednu eeS
htaerb fo ssentrohS
)esaesid llec elkcis( audiser sitilytcaD msidioryhtarapopyhoduesP emordnys s'renruT
regnif ht5/ht4 trohS
stset noitcnuf reviL eeS
TPGS
stset noitcnuf reviL eeS
TOGS
)yhtaporuenyloP eeS( sutillem setebaid .g.e yhtaporuen larehpirep :evren larehpireP yhtapolucidar citilydnops :toor evreN noitanileymed ,sisolydnops lacivrec :droc lanipS )ssecsba ,amotameah larudbus ,ruomut( snoisel gniypuccoUecaps :niarB Á
tnetsisreP
cinegohcysP tnempartne toor ro evren larehpireP noitanileymed SNC ekorts ,AIT eniargiM
tneisnarT
tesno fo gnimit ,ecnabrutsid yrosneS
evren larehpireP lamotamreD yhtapoleym lacivreC? yhtaporuen larehpireP? :gnikcotsUdnaUevolG Á Á )aileymognirys .g.e( droc lanips lartneC? :)erutarepmet dna kcirp nip rof 'ssol yrosnes dednepsus`( knurt dna smra reppU snmuloc lasrod laretalispi :noitasnes noitarbiv/noitisop tnioJ stcart cimalahtonips laretalartnoc :noitasnes erutarepmet/kcirp niP
yspelipE
#? #?
:)level yrosnes lamotamred a woleb knurt dna gel( ssol yrosnesimeH
39
niap redluohS
aixata s'hcierdeirF ,siseraparap citsaps yratidereh :latinegnoC )noitareneged denibmoc etucabus( ycneicifed
21B
:cilobatem/cixoT
amoigninem lattigisarap :sruomuT silihpys ,)siseraparap citsaps laciport( 1UVLTH ,VIH ,)amsalpocyM .g.e ,suoitcefniUtsop( sitileym esrevnart :noitcefnI Á Á snoitcrafni larberec elpitlum ,sisobmorht sunis suonev ,sisobmorht yretra lanips roiretna :ralucsaV
srehtO
aileymogniryS )yslap larberec( yrujni htrib ,amuarT esaesid enoruen rotoM sisorelcs elpitluM )ruomut droc lanips ,enips ni ruomut yradnoces ,espalorp csid ,sisolydnops lacivrec( noisserpmoc droC
siseraparap citsapS
sisaididnaC
)noitcefni latehcoripsosuf( anigna s'tnecniV anignapreH
sreclu laegnyrahp htiW
airehthpiD sitignyrahp laccoconoG sisoelcunonom suoitcefnI sitillisnot laccocotpertS )lariv( sitignyrahP
xelpmis sepreH
taorht eroS
"? "
sreziliuqnart/lohocla ,ytisebo ,egA
:ssenkaew elcsum dna ytixal eussitUtfos yawriaUreppU Á Á
)mutpes detaived ,seigrella .g.e( egakcolb lasan ,slisnot degralnE? enipus gnipeels nehw sdrawkcab gnillaf eugnoT? aluvu lamronUnahtUregnol ,etalap tfos kciht tesUwoL? Á Á Á :gniworran yawriA aeonpa peels evitcurtsbO
gnironS
)etahpsohp dna
+2
aC
"
,eruliaf laner egatsUdne Á
htiw detaicossa sisorcen niks gnisuac sitilucsav lessevUllams( sixalyhpiclaC Á )sititaercnap ,cihtapoidi .g.e( sitilucinnaP musonergnag amredoyP sitidracodne lairetcab etucabus ,loretselohc :ilobmE esaesid ralucsav larehpireP )sitirhtra diotamuehr ,ELS :yradnoceS ;aimeanilubolgoyrc ,sisotamolunarg s'renegeW :yramirP( sitilucsaV )aimeacitpes laccocogninem .g.e( CID ,ycneicifed S/C nietorP ,nirafraW
sisorcen nikS
ssecsba/noitcefni/ruomut yranomlup ,noisnetsid eluspac citapeh ,)ssecsba cinerhpbus .g.e( noitatirri citamgarhpaiD?
deunitnoc
niap redluohS
niap redluohS 49
illiW±redarP ,aisalpordnohca ,emordnys s'renruT :cimordnyS lailimaf ,)yaled ytrebup dna htworg lanoitutitsnoc( DPGC
erutats trohS
erutatS
ffoUekat hgiH Á
msyruena ralucirtnev tfeL anigna latemznirP sitidracireP )etuca( noitcrafni laidracoyM
noitavelE
yhportrepyh ralucirtneV )enidiniuq ,nixogid( sgurD )roiretsop( noitcrafni laidracoyM aimeahcsi laidracoyM
tnemges TS
sisytpomeaH osla
noisserpeD
eeS
alutsif laruelpohcnorB sisatceihcnorB ssecsba gnul ,BT ,ainomuenp :noitcefnI )sitihcnorb ,sitinihr ,sitisunis etuca( ecruos yrotaripser reppU
)tnelurup( mutupS
sisonets lartiM sisairosP sitilucsaV sitidracodne evitcefnI gninedrag .g.e ,amuarT
segahrromeah retnilpS
]74Q[
.aimeahtycobmorht laitnesse ,arev arbur aimeahtycylop ,sisorbifoleym ,aimeakuel dioleym cinorhC*
sisodiolyma ,sisodiocras ,ELS ,sitirhtra diotamuehr :sesaesid eussit evitcennoc/yrotammalfnI sisollecurb ,sisolucrebut ,sisoelcunonom suoitcefni ,sitidracodne evitcefni :noitcefnI )noisnetrepyh latroP
eeS(
noisnetrepyh latroP )*sredrosid
evitarefilorpoleym ,aimeakuel ,amohpmyl ,aimeana citylomeah( lacigolotameaH
etaredoM
esaesid s'rehcuaG ylagemonelps laciport ,sisaimosotsihcs ,sisainamhsiel ,airalam :snoitcefni laciporT sisorbifoleym ,aimeakuel dioleym cinorhC
ylagemonelpS
evissaM
aimeacitpeS aimeana citylomeah enummiotuA sisotycorehps yratidereH
sisotycorehpS
59 erutatS
ruomut ,ydob ngieroF? :lanimulartnI syawria reppu fo noitcurtsbo laitraP
rodirtS
)sredluohs( sretfilUthgiew ,)saera larcasobmul Á ,shgiht( ecnecseloda ,)stsaerb ,nemodba rewol( ycnangerp :lacigoloisyhP sdiorets cimetsyS emordnys s'gnihsuC
eairtS
sisohrric yrailib yramirp ,noitcurtsbo yrailiB
ycneiciffusni yrailiB
sisorbif citsyc ,recnac citaercnap ,sititaercnap cinorhC
ycneiciffusni citaercnaP
eurps laciport ,esaesid s'elppihW ,sitiretne noitaidar ,amohpmyl lanitsetni ,)sisaidiolygnorts ,sisaidraig .g.e( noitcefni etisarap ,BT laceacoeli ,esaesid s'nhorC ,esaesid caileoc ,)yhtaporuen cimonotua ,sisolucitrevid ,amredorelcs .g.e( htworgrevo lairetcaB
noitceser/esaesid lewob llamS
aeohrrotaetS
)sruomut
lanerda ,HAC fo sesahp ylrae .g.e( ytrebup suoicocerp/sdiorets xes ssecxE? )sisocixotoryht( senomroh dioryht ssecxE? )msitnagig( HG ssecxE? :enircodnE airunitsycomoH? emordnys s'nafraM? emordnys s'retlefenilK? :)etanoitroporpsid( cimordnyS lailimaF
erutats llaT
eruliaf laner cinorhc :laneR? sisorbif citsyc :yrotaripseR? esaesid traeh citonayc latinegnoc :ralucsavoidraC? )esaesid lewob yrotammalfni ,ecnarelotni nietorp klim ,esaesid caileoc( noitprosbalam :lanitsetniortsaG? :ssenlli cimetsyS srotcaf lanoitirtuN )msidioryhtopyh( senomroh dioryhT
#?
)msifrawd noraL( 1FGI fo slevel woL? )noitatum rotpecerUHG( ecnatsiser HG? Á HG evitcani yllacigoloiB? sdioretsocitroc
""
dna emordnys s'gnihsuC?
rotpecer HRHG ,1PORP ,1tiP :snoitatuM? )ruomut yratiutip .g.e( msiratiutipopyH :enomroh htworG
#?
:srotcaf enircodnE noitavirped lanoitome ,asovren aixerona ,esuba dlihc :srotcaf laicosohcysP
deunitnoc
erutatS
erutatS 69
staews thgiN osla sisordihrepyH
eeS
gnitaewS
:gnitaewS
eeS "
yhtaponedahpmyL? ertioG? :larumartxE )ymotsoehcart/noitabutni/yregrus gniwollof( sisonets laehcarT? sitirhtra diotamuehr dionetyraocirC? amonicrac laegnyraL? )noitalahni ekoms ,sixalyhpana( amedeo laegnyraL? ssecsba laegnyrahporter ,)xnyral eht no straw VPH( atamollipap yrotaripser ,nerdlihc ni puorc ,sitittolgipe :noitcefnI? :larumartnI
79
gnitaewS
etar yrotaripseR
aeonpyhcaT
eeS
sgurd ,emordnys TQ gnol ,sitidracoym ,yhtapoymoidrac ,esaesid traeh evisnetrepyh ,IM/esaesid traeh cimeahcsi ,cihtapoidI
aidracyhcat ralucirtneV
sisonets lartim ,esaesid traeh citamuehr ,esaesid traeh cimeahcsi ,yhtapoymoidrac ,sitidracirep ,recnac/noitcefni/msilobme :yranomlup ,esuba lohocla ,sisocixotoryht ,cihtapoidI
rettulf/noitallirbif lairtA
emordnys etihW±nosnikraP±ffloW ,cihtapoidI
aidracyhcat ralucirtnevarpuS
aimeacylgopyh ,samotycomorhcoeahp ,msidioryhtrepyh :enircodnE esaesid gnul cinorhc ,amhtsa ,msilobme yranomlup :yranomluP sitidracirep evitcirtsnoc ,eruliaf caidrac evitsegnoc ,IM :caidraC )aimeacitpes ,aimealovopyh .g.e( noisnetopyH ycnangerp ,)enitocin ,senimalohcetac ,scigrenilohcitna ,lomatublas ,enieffac( sgurd ,aimeana ,yteixna ,esicrexe ,reveF
aidracyhcat suniS
aidracyhcaT
BBBL htiw detaicossA aimeahcsi laidracoyM yhportrepyh ralucirtnev tfeL
laretal dna
6VÐ4V
muihtiL ,egahrromeah dionhcarabuS yhtapoymoidrac cihportrepyH IM evaw QUnoN Á
5VÐ2V
]94Q[
msilobme yranomluP kcolb hcnarb eldnub thgiR )elpoep kcalb dna nerdlihc( tnairav lamroN
4V / 3VÐ1V
]84J[
detrevnI
msidioryhtopyH noisuffe laidracireP aimealakopyH
llamS
tnairav lamroN IM etucA aimealakrepyH
sevaw T
llaT
T
89
sevaw T
)GBT( nilubolg gnidnibUdioryhT Á
steletalP eeS sisotycobmorhT steletalP eeS ainepotycobmorhT nirapeH
slevel "
citeneG
" ,emit
)negonirbif
#( CID nibmorhT eeS
# ,enoretsotseT # #
sisobmorht niev laneR nielnÐhcS±hconeH ,asodon sitiretrayloP aimeakueL diocras ,BT sitihcroUomidydipE Á noisrot ralucitseT
msidanogopyH
gnillews dna niap ralucitseT
elam ,msidanogopyH eeS yhporta ralucitseT emordnys lewob elbatirrI amonicrac latcer .g.e ,nemul/llaw latcer ni snoisel gniypuccoUecapS Á
sumseneT
sititamred noitaidaR aecasoR )mretUgnol( sdiorets lacipoT Á ycnangerP )sisohrric cilohocla .pse( esaesid revil cinorhC aisatceignalet aixata ,aisatceignalet cigahrromeah yratidereh :citeneG sitisoymotamred ,ELS ,amredorelcs :sesaesid eussit evitcennoC tnairav lamroN
aisatceignaleT
sisorbif worram enoB aimeassalahT
]15J[
sllec pordraeT
aisuegsyD rednu eeS tnemriapmi etsaT ycneicifed )TACL( esarefsnartlyca loretselohc nihticeL esaesid reviL ycneicifed norI )esaesid C nibolgomeah ,aimeassalaht ,aimeana llec elkcis( seihtaponibolgomeaH ymotcenelpS
]05J[
sllec tegraT
99 nilubolg gnidnibUdioryhT Á
srekomS
eugnoT
eniniuq ,lohocla ,niripsa :sgurD sisorelcs elpitlum :SNC aimeana ,ytisocsiv
gnirruF
" :lacigolotameaH
eruliaf traeh ,noisnetrepyh :SVC
lareneG
stoggam .g.e ,stcesnI smelborp tnioj ralubidnamoropmeT ruomut ydob ditorac ,ruomut eraluguj sumolg ,amoruen citsuoca :sruomuT snoitamroflam VA/smsruenA sisorelcsotO sciteruid pool ,sedisocylgonima .g.e ,sgurd cixototO decudniUesioN Á esaesid s'erOinOM Ä Á sisucybserP
reveF
sutinniT
aisehtsearaP eeS teef dna sdnah ni gnilgniT
lacoL
seidobitna 4TUitnA? Á aimeanixoryhtrepyh cimeanimublasyd lailimaF? nilubolg gnidnibUenixoryht mureS Á
" :HST
lamron ,3T dna 4T
"
enomroh dioryht ot ecnatsiser ,)amoHST yratiutip( msidioryhtrepyh yradnoceS :HST )msidioryhtrepyH ,3T dna 4T ,3T dna 4T
" ro lamron eeS( msidioryhtrepyh yramirP :HST #
" "
)stneitap dezilatipsoh .pse ,ssenlli cimetsys( emordnys dioryhtue kcis ,)msiratiutipopyH
eeS(
msidioryhtopyh yradnoceS :HST lamron ro
,3T dna 4T ,3T dna 4T
)msidioryhtopyH
eeS(
msidioryhtopyh yramirP :HST
# "
# #
msidioryhtopyh trevo sa sesuac emas ,msidioryhtopyh lacinilcbuS :HST
" ,3T # ,3T
dna 4T lamroN
msidioryhtrepyh trevo sa sesuac emas ,msidioryhtrepyh lacinilcUbuS :HST Á dna 4T lamroN
dioryhtuE :HST dna 3T ,4T lamroN
stset noitcnuf dioryhT
ylagemorcA )sdioretsocitroc ,snegordna .g.e( sgurD emordnys citorhpeN esaesid revil cinorhC noitirtunlaM
slevel #
airyhprop tnettimretni etuca ,sititapeh lariv etucA )senizaihtonehp ,setaipo ,negortseo( sgurD ycnangerP
citeneG
deunitnoc
)GBT( nilubolg gnidnibUdioryhT Á
nilubolg gnidnibUdioryhT Á 001
stcefed ebut laruen nepo ,sisohrric ,sititapeh ,ycnangerp ,ruomut llecUmreg ,amotapeh :nietorpoteFU Á Á
a
" ,srekram " "
ruomuT
eruliaf laner cinorhc ,anigna elbatsnu :ni detavele eb osla yaM noitcrafni laidracoyM
"
,T ninoporT
sisonets lartim rof ymotovlav lartim lufsseccus a retfa nees RT ,xaroht eht ot yparehtoidar :cinegortaI )emordnys s'nafraM ni .g.e( espalorp evlav ,)noitcrafni laidracoym ,noisnetrepyh yranomlup ni .g.e( noitatalid ralucirtnev thgir fo ecneuqesnoc :lanoitcnuF )ailihponisoerepyh htiw detaicossa eb yam( sisorbif laidracoymodne ,edigresyhtem ,enimarulfnef :sgurD ,)gnidnatsUgnol( sisohrric ,emordnys dionicraC Á )esaesid raluvav rehto ro sisonets dipsucirt htiw detaicossa( esaesid traeh citamuehR )sresu gurd VI ni nommoc( sitidracodne evitcefnI DSA mumirp muitso ni evlav dipsucirt tfelc ,)evlav dipsucirt denoitisoplam( ylamona s'nietsbE :latinegnoC
noitatigruger dipsucirT
)sngis rallebereC
eeS( ngis
ralleberec :romert noitcA
semordnys digir±citenika rehto dna esaesid s'nosnikraP :tser ta romerT )stnasserpeditna ,muihtil ,etaorplav ,srotalidohcnorb tsinogaU Á
b .g.e
,sgurd ,lohocla ,yteixna ,msidioryhtrepyh yb esrow edam( :romert lacigoloisyhP )srekcolbU Á
b ro lohocla htiw # ,yrotsih ylimaf evitisop ,gnitirw
]35Q[
/ssalg a gnidloh nehw .g.e ,daeh/sdnah fo romert larutsop( :romert laitnessE
romerT
stset noitcnuf gnuL
eeS
rotcaf refsnarT
noisuffe laruelp egraL xarohtomuenp noisneT espalloC
noitaived laehcarT
silihpyS? ruomuT? amuart latneD? reclu suohthpA?
noitareclU
)aissolgorcaM
eeS( gnillewS
cinegohcysP?
eugnot lamron yllacigoloisyhp eroS? sitissolG
eeS
)sisaididnac ,ycneicifed nivalfobir/B nimativ/etalof/nori( sitissolG?
ycnangilam ,)esaesid s'teOheB( yrotammalfni ,)xelpmis sepreh( noitcefni :sreclU? Â
eugnot eroS
sesaesid IG noitardyheD
]25Q[
scitoibitna .g.e ,sgurD srehtaerb htuoM
101
srekram ruomuT
amedeollipap cinorhC amocualg cinorhC )asotnemgip sitiniteR
eeS(
asotnemgip sitiniteR
noisiv lennuT
)dnalg eht fo ezis dna ega htiw
"
osla ASP( ,noitanimaxe
latcer latigid ,sititatsorp ,aisalprepyh citatsorp ngineb ,recnac etatsorp :ASP amonicrac nairavo ,ycnangerp ,gnikoms ,amonimes :PALP amonicracoirohc ,elom mrofiditadyh ,sruomut llec mreg ,ycnangerp :GCH gnikoms ,sititaercnap ,sisohrric ,amonicrac dioryht yralludem ,recnac latceroloc :AEC sisatselohc ,recnac latceroloc ,recnac citaercnap :9±91 AC esaesid tsaerb ngineb ,recnac tsaerb :3±51 AC )sisohrric ,sitinotirep ,esaesid yrotammalfni civlep ,sdiorbif ,sisoirtemodne( snoitidnoc ngineB .)saercnap ,gnul ,lairtemodne ,tsaerb( seicnangilam rehto ,recnac nairavo :521 AC
deunitnoc
" ,srekram " "
ruomuT
]45Q[
srekram ruomuT
201
siseraparap citsapS dna siserapimeH
eeS
snoisel enoruen rotom reppU
ycnangilaM musonergnag amredoyP erusserP aimeana llec elkciS asodon sitiretraylop .g.e ,seitilucsav yramirp ,sitirhtra diotamuehr :sitilucsaV cihtaporuen dna cimeahcsi :citebaiD sisorelcsorehta :lairetrA TVD ,ycneiciffusni suonev laicifrepus :suoneV
geL
sesaesid s'nahcartS :rehtO esaesid s'nhorC :IG emrofitlum amehtyre ,sugihpmep :sesaesid nikS emordnys s'retieR ,esaesid s'teOheB :sesaesid yrotammalfnI Â silihpys ,xelpmis sepreh :noitcefnI
latinegorO
amuarT
seibacs ,sisairosp ,amezce ,noitpure gurd dexif :sehsar latineg rehtO
amonicrac llec suomauqs ,taryeuQ fo aisalporhtyrE emordnys s'retieR esaesid s'nhorC esaesid s'teOheB Â
)sitamolunarg muiretcabotammylaC( elaniugni amolunarG ,)sitamohcart aidymalhC( muerenev amolunargohpmyL ,)mudillap amenoperT( silihpyS :sselniaP iyercud sulihpomeaH ,xelpmis sepreh :lufniaP :noitcefnI )diorcnahc(
latineG
emordnys s'nahcartS :rehtO amonicrac llec suomauqs :ycnangilaM sunalp nehcil ,emrofitlum amehtyre ,diogihpmep ,sugihpmep :sesaesid nikS ELS ,sitirhtra evitcaer ,esaesid s'teOheB :yrotammalfnI Â sisotycolunarga ,aimeakuel :edulcxE )erar( silihpys ,BT sisaididnac ,)anigna s'tnecniV( sititamots evitareclu etuca ,xelpmis sepreh :noitcefnI esaesid caileoc ,esaesid s'nhorC :sesaesid lanitsetniortsaG sreclu suohthpa ,amuarT
gel ,latineg ,htuom :sreclU
msidioryhtrepyH aimeaclacrepyH aimealakopyH lamroN
htuoM
evaw U
U
301 snoisel enoruen rotom reppU
tnanimatnoc lanigaV
esaretse etycokuel enirU
airunoteK
noitcefni tcart yranirU
senoteK
eeS
eeS
esoculg enirU
airutameaH
airusocylG
doolB
eeS
eeS
airunietorP
nietorP
nicipmafir :egnarO ycnangilam ,sisonorhco ,ecidnuaj evitcurtsbo :kraD lofoporp ,enilitpyrtima ,eulb enelyhtem :neerG slatsyrc etahpsohp ,airuyp :etihW
eraR
enidirypozanehP airyhproP toorteeB airunibolgoyM airunibolgomeaH airutameaH
ruoloc enirU
sisylanirU
ycnegru yrosnes ,ytilibatsni rosurted ,ecnenitnocni sserts eniuneG )recnac ,HPB( tnemegralne etatsorP ssam civlep yb noisserpmoc ,ruomut ,enots :reddalB ITU
nworb/deR
ycnegrU
egrahcsid latineG eeS egrahcsid larhterU
etaorplav muidos :sgurD HDAIS eruliaf revil ,noitavrats ,teid nietorpUwoL Á )ycnangerp( RFG desaercnI
#
enilcycartet ,sdiorets :sgurD noitardyheD setats cilobatac ,egahrromeah IG ,teid nietorp hgiH )RFG( etar noitartlif raluremolg deriapmI
)# dna # #
"( " "
aerU
aerU 401
"
)tolc doolb ,ruomut ,enots( kcen reddalb/nemul larhteru fo noitcurtsbO )ruobal fo amuart dna( ycnangerp ,ssam nairavo ,sdiorbif :ssam civleP
selameF
yhtaporuen cimonotua citebaid ,noisserpmoc/yrujni .g.e ,esaesid droc lanips ,sisorelcs elpitlum :lacigolorueN lohocla ,stnasserpeditna ,scigrenilohcitna .g.e ,:noitacideM *evitarepoUtsoP Á )tolc doolb ,ruomut ,enots ,erutcirts( kcen reddalb/nemul larhteru fo noitcurtsbO amonicrac/aisalprepyh citatsorP
selaM
etuca ,noitneter yranirU
.ecnenitnocni sserts esuac osla nac reddalb fo noisnetsidrevo/noitneter cinorhc dna ytilibatsni rosurteD :
etoN
yparehtoidar ,ycnangilam ,yregrus ,ruobal detcurtsbo ot yradnoces )lanigavocisev .g.e( alutsiF? yhtaporuen cimonotua citebaid ,sivlep ro aniuqe aduac ,droc lanips rewol ni serbif citehtapmysarap 4S ,3S ,2S ot egamad ot eud ainota reddalB? )noitneter yraniru
ees( noitcurtsbo wolftuO?
:wolfrevo/noisnetsidrevo/noitneter cinorhC
ecnenitnocni suounitnoC
)sititsyc( noitcefni ,ruomut ,enots reddalB )yrujni daeh/droc lanips ,sruomut lanips/snoisel csid :noisserpmoc droc ,SM ,AVC .g.e ,snoisel NMU htiw noitibihni lanipsUarpus Á fo ssol ,noitcurtsbo wolftuo reddalb ot yradnoces ,cihtapoidi( ytilibatsni rosurteD
ecnenitnocni egrU
)egamad retcnihps larhteru lanretxe( yregrus etatsorp :selaM )esuaponem ,ytisebo ,yreviled lanigav ,ycnangerp( tnecsed kcen reddalb/ssenkaew roolf civlep :selameF
ecnenitnocni ssertS
ycneuqerF
ecnenitnocni yranirU
eeS
ycneuqerf yranirU
eruliaf laneR noitardyh evissecxE sudipisni setebaiD
#
tsartnoc yarUX Á esaesid reviL eruliaf traeH ycneiciffusni lanerdA sutillem setebaiD )gnitimov ,aeohrraid .g.e( noitardyheD
ytivarg cificeps enirU
airutameah ssorG noitcefni tcart yranirU
"
etirtin enirU
501
etuca ,noitneter yranirU
gnisolykna ,)esaesid lewob yrotammalfni( cihtaporetne ,sitirhtra evitcaer( :seihtaporhtralydnops evitagenoreS :sesaesid eussit evitcennoC/yrotammalfnI
sitievU
)settesor ,setalp cibmohr( dica cirU )depahsUdilUniffoc( etahpsohp muinomma muisengaM Á Á )epahs lanogaxeh( enitsyC etahpsohp muiclaC )depahsUeldeen ,depahsUepolevne ,depahsUllebbmud( etalaxo muiclaC Á Á Á
slatsyrC
amohpmyl .g.e amyhcnerap laner fo noitartlifni ,recnac reddalb .g.e ycnangilam yraniruotineG :sllec ruomuT airutameaH
eeS :sllec
deR
sititsyc lacimehc ,yhtaporhpen ciseglana ,sitirhpen laititsretni ,sitirhpenoluremolg ,iluclac reddalb/laner ,BT ,smsinagro suoiditsaf rof noitidnoc htworg gnorw ro tnega lairetcabitna yb detibihni erutluc :airuiretcab tuohtiw airuyp ,)sitirhteru ,sititsyc ,sitirhpenoleyp( ITU :sllec etihW
slleC
sitirhpenoluremolg evitarefilorp ,sitirhpenoleyp :stsac llec etihW eruliaf laner decnavda :stsac yxaW noisnetrepyh tnangilam ,sitilucsav ,sitirhpenoluremolg :stsac llec deR stsac ralunarg detalunarg ylenif sa emas :stsac enilayH sisodiolyma ,yhtaporhpen citebaid ,sitirhpen laititsretni ,sitirhpenoluremolg :detalunarg ylesned ,stsac ralunarG revef ,esicrexe ,)pool( sciteruid ,eniru detartnecnoc :detalunarg ylenif ,stsac ralunarG airunietorp yvaeh/etaredom :stsac yttaF sisorcen ralubut etuca ,sitirhpenoluremolg etuca :stsac llec lailehtipE
stsaC
noitanimatnoC airuiretcab citamotpmysA noitcefni tcart yranirU
airetcaB
ypocsorcim enirU
sisomihp ,sisorbif laenotireporter ,ssam civlep/citatsorp :edistuo eht morf erusserP reddalb cihtaporuen ,sislatsirep evitcefed ,)larhteru/cireteru( erutcirts :llaw eht nI )llec elkcis ,sutillem setebaid ,sDIASN( eallipap laner dehguols ,stolc doolb ,ruomut ,senots :nemul eht nI
noitcurtsbo tcart yranirU
.noitcurtsbo wolftuo reddalb gnitsixeUerp ,aixarporuen ,amedeo Á lacol ,niap ,noitapitsnoc ,ytilibommi ,scitehtseana/sgurd :evitarepoUtsoP* Á yhtaporuen cimonotua citebaid ,noisserpmoc/yrujni .g.e ,esaesid droc lanips ,sisorelcs elpitlum :lacigolorueN lohocla ,stnasserpeditna ,scigrenilohcitna .g.e ,:noitacideM *evitarepoUtsoP Á
deunitnoc etuca ,noitneter yranirU
etuca ,noitneter yranirU
601
sruomut ralucoartni ,sitimlahthpo citehtapmys .g.e :esaesid ralucO
aracoxoT ,silihpys
,BT ,citepreh ,lagnuf ,noitcefni evitarepoUtsop ,sisomsalpoxot ,VMC :noitcefnI Á sitirhtra cinorhc elinevuj ,esaesed s'teOheB ,sisodiocras ,)sitirhtra citairosp ,sitilydnops Â
701
sitievU
)erar( sitiruen citpo laretaliB sebol latipicco fo stcrafni laretaliB msaihc citpo eht gnisserpmoc noisel a fo noissergorp dipaR )erusserp lainarcartni
""
,noisnetrepyh tnangilam( amedeollipap laretalib ereveS
laretaliB
sitiruen citpO sitiretra llec tnaiG tnemhcated laniteR egahrromeah suoertiV noisulcco yretra laniter lartneC noisulcco niev laniter lartneC xaguf sisoruamA
ssol lausiV
snoisel niks suolluB
laretalinU nedduS
eeS
selciseV
eniargiM? :rehtO
yspelipe suonigitreV?
sruomut ,sisorelcs elpitluM? gnideelb/)noitalucric ralisaborbetrev( aimeahcsI? :metsniarB )sedisocylgonima .g.e( sgurd cixototO? amoruen citsuocA? retsoz sepreH? :evren ralubitseV esaesid rae elddim ot yradnoceS? esaesid s'erOinOM? Ä Á ogitrev lanoitisop ngineB? sitihtnirybal etucA?
ogitreV
sitinigav cihporta ,noiportce lacivrec :rehtO )sbaws ,snopmat deniater .g.e( ydob ngieroF )lairtemodne/lacivrec( ycnangilaM silatineg sepreH? aehrronoG? aidymalhC? sisainomohcirT? sisonigav lairetcaB? sisaididnaC? noitcefnI sllip COC ,ycnangerp ,noitaluvo dnuora :lacigoloisyhP
:htnirybaL
egrahcsid lanigaV
V
801
egrahcsid lanigaV
amocualg erusolc elgna etucA sitihtnirybal etuca ,)noisnetrepyh lainarcartni ngineb ,noisel gniypuccoUecaps ,noitcefni( erusserp lainarcartni desaercni :lacigolorueN Á ycnangerp ,aimearu ,aimeaclacrepyh ,sisirc nainosiddA ,sisodicaotek citebaid :enircodne/cilobateM )lacigoloceanyg ,citapeh ,lanitsetniortsag( ygolohtap lanimodbA lohocla ,gninosiop ,sgurD
gnitimoV
noisserpmoc evren citpO )detalerUega( noitareneged ralucaM Á yhtaponiter citebaiD amocualG stcarataC
laudarG
901
gnitimoV
niag thgieW
ycnangerP eniacoc ,enimatehpma ,setaipo ,lohocla ,sDIASN ,nimroftem ,nixogid ,apodUL ,stnasserpeditna :sgurD Á )asovren aixerona .g.e( redrosid gnitae ,noisserped :cirtaihcysP esaesid s'nosiddA .g.e ,sesaesid enircodnE? esaesid lanitsetniortsaG? sesaesid yranomlupoidraC? ycnangilaM? )VIH ,sitidracodne lairetcab etucabus ,sisollecurb ,BT .g.e( snoitcefnI? :ssenlli cimetsys cinorhC
etiteppa # htiW #
samotycomorhcoeahp ,sutillem setebaid dellortnocnu ,msidioryhtrepyh :enircodnE semordnys noitprosbalaM ytivitca lacisyhp ni
etiteppa " htiW "
"
dekraM
esicrexe ,teid :yratnuloV
ssol thgieW
emordnys lieF±leppilK
kcen debbeW
emordnys s'renruT
siseraparap
siseraparap citsapS
pord tooF eeS :pord tooF diccalF eeS :siseraparap diccalF eeS :siseraparap citsapS
sgel kaeW
"
)seye yrd htiw stneitap ni yllacixodarap rucco naC( noitcudorp raeT
cas lamircaL/tcud lamircalosan fo egakcolB sisonets latcnuP
noitisoplam dil/latcnuP
seye gniretaW
yslap evren naidem/ranlu ,sitirhtra diotamuehR
tnemevlovni evren larehpireP tnemevlovni suxelp laihcarB tnemevlovni tooR
amuart ,ruomut gnul lacipa ,bir lacivreC
atamorbiforuen ,sisolydnops lacivreC
sitileymoilop ,silihpys ,aileymognirys ,noisserpmoc droc lanips ,DNM
sdnah fo selcsum llams fo gnitsaW
W
1T
sdnah fo selcsum llams fo gnitsaW
011
aimeakuel cilihponisoe ,sruomut rehto emos dna esaesid s'nikgdoH esaesid s'nosiddA asodon sitiretrayloP )emordnys cilihponisoerepyh ,ainomuenp cilihponisoe ,emordnys ssuartS±gruhC ,sisolligrepsa yranomlupohcnorb cigrella ,snoitcefni cihtnimleH( ailihponisoe yranomluP seibacs ,simrofitepreh sititamred ,sugihpmep ,sisairosp :sesaesid nikS noitcefni etuca morf yrevoceR ).ps
aracoxoT
,mrowepat ,sisonihcirt ,
silarocrets sediolygnortS
,sisaimosotsihcs
,
elanedoud amotsolyknA
,sisairacsa ,sisaibeoma .g.e( snoitcefni citisaraP
)sedimanohplus ,nillicinep .g.e( ytivitisnes gurD )ygrella doof ,revef yah ,amezce ,airacitru ,amhtsa( sesaesid cipota/cigrellA
slihponisoE
emordnys s'nnamtsoK :latinegnoC snacirfA kcalb :laicar ngineB emordnys s'ytleF ,ELS ,aineportuen enummiotua :enummI enipazolc ,elozamibrac ,sedimanohplus ,enizalasaflus .g.e :sgurD razaUalak ,sisollecurb ,BT ,diohpyt ,)azneulfni ,VIH ,sititapeh .g.e( lariv :noitcefnI Á )ainepotycnaP
" "
eeS
( ainepotycnap a fo trap sA
#
sruomut citorcen dna sruomut dilos detanimessid ylralucitrap :ycnangilaM sdiorets :noitacideM aimeakuel dioleym cinorhc ,aimeahtycylop :esaesid evitarefilorpoleyM )etuca( sisylomeah/egahrromeaH IM ,snrub ,yregrus/amuart :egamad eussiT sitilucsav/sesaesid eussit evitcennoc/noitammalfnI )lairetcab( noitcefnI
tnuoc llec etihW
)asodon sitiretraylop ,sisolligrepsa yranomlupohcnorb cigrella ,ailihponisoe laciport .g.e( ailihponisoe yranomluP emordnys dionicraC eruliaf ralucirtnev tfeL ruomuT? ydob ngieroF? sisatceihcnorB? sitihcnorB? amhtsA?
slihportueN
"
:syawria fo gniworraN
ezeehW
"
gnikoms etteragic fo noitasseC noitcurtsbo citahpmyl ,sdiulf VI ssecxe ,sisohrric ,eruliaf laner ,eruliaf caidrac evitsegnoc :diulF
noisserpeD stnasluvnocitna ,stnasserpeditna ,sdiorets cinegordna ,sPCO ,sdiorets :sgurD ylagemorca ,)ruomut ,amuart( esaesid cimalahtopyh ,msidioryhtopyh ,emordnys s'gnihsuC ,SOCP :enircodnE ekatni cirolac evissecxE
111
tnuoc llec etihW
noisel toor 7C xelpitlum sitiruenonoM
eeS
xelpitlum sitiruenonoM
)mra reppu eht fo erutsop
lamronba fo doirep degnolorp a ot yradnoces .g.e( amuart :noisel evren laidaR
pord tsirW
airacitrU amedeoxyM aimeakuel
sisotycotsam/asotnemgip airacitrU
sitiloc evitareclU
dioleym cinorhc ,arev arbur aimeahtycylop :sredrosid evitarefilorpoleyM snoitcefni lariV
slihposaB
aineportuen fo esahp yrevoceR esaesid s'nikgdoH ,)5M ,4M( LMA ,aimeakuel cityconomoleym cinorhc :ycnangilaM aozotorp ,VBE .g.e ,lariv ,diohpyt ,silihpys ,sitidracodne lairetcab etucabus ,sisollecurb ,BT :noitcefnI
" "
setyconoM
aimearU ELS sdioretS esaesid 'seriannoigel ,SDIA :noitcefnI )noitaidar/yparehtomehc ,noitartlifni worram .g.e( ainepotycnaP
" "
#
sisocixotoryhT amohpmyl s'nikgdoHUnoN Á ,aimeakuel llec yriah ,aimeakuel citsalbohpmyl etuca ,aimeakuel citycohpmylorp ,aimeakuel citycohpmyl cinorhC sissutrep ,sisollecurb ,BT ,sisomsalpoxot ,lariv .g.e ,snoitcefnI
"
deunitnoc
yc tnuocsleltecoehtpimW hyL
tnuoc llec etihW 211
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