NITROGEN MONOOXIDE

• STABILITY : MOST STABLE AMONG ALL THE OXIDES

• COLUOR : COLOURLESS GAS
• OXIDATION STATE OF N ATOM : 2 +
• SOLUBILITY : SPARRINGLY SOLUBLEWATER;PRODUCE NEUTRAL SOLUTION

• WHEN IT CAN BE PRODUCED ?? PRODUCED WHEN NITROGEN AND

OXYGEN IS HEATED STRONGLY

REASON : - ENTHALPHY OF ATOMISATION OF NITROGEN IS VERY HIGH

- A VERY HIGH HEAT ENERGY IS REQUIRED TO BREAK THE
BOND
- THUS NO (g) CAN BE PRODUCED UNDER HIGH TEMP ONLY

• EQUATION OF FORMATION OF NO(g)

• WHY IS THE PROCESS EXORTHERMIC ??

REASON : - IT IS DUE TO HIGH ENTHALPHY OF ATOMISATION OF

NITROGEN

• STRUCTURE OF NO

i. CONTAINS DOUDLE BOND

ii. PARAMAGNETIC DUE TO ONE UNPAIRED ELECTRON

• WHAT REACTION CAN PRODUCE NO(g) ??

 i. LIGHTING
ii. COMBUSTION
i. ELECTRIC GENERATORS

NITROGEN DIOOXIDE

• BROWN TOXIC GAS

• DISSOLVES IN WATER TO FORN NITROUS AND NITRIC ACID
• STRONG OXIDISING AGENT

EVIDENCE
1. REACTION WITH SULPHUR

• SULPHUR IS OXIDISED TO SULPHUR DIOXIDE

• NITROGEN DIOXIDE IS REDUCED TO NITROGEN

2. REACTION WITH HYDROGEN SULPHIDE

• HYDROGEN SULPHIDE OXIDISES TO SULPHER

• NITROGEN DIOXIDE IS REDUCED TO NITROGEN
MONOOXIDE

STRUCTURE OF NO2
 • BENT SHAPE DUE TO UNPAIRED ELECTRON
• ONE DOUBLE BOND ONE DATIVE BOND WITH OXYGEN
• PARAMAGNETIS
• VALANCE SHELL OF N ATOM DOES NOT ACIEVE OCTET SDTA

RESONANCE STRUCTURE

DIMERISATION

• OCCURS WHEN NITROGEN DIOXIDE IS FORMED; BROWN GAS IS OBSERVED

• MOST PEOPLE WILL SAY NITOGEN DIOXIDE DEOMPOSE TO NITROGEN
MONOOXIDE AND OXYGEN
• BUT IT DIMERISES TO FORM NITROGEN TETRA OXIDE
• DIMERISATION IS A REVRSIBLE REACTION

LE`CHATELIER PRINCIPLE ON DIMERISATION

THIS PROCESS IS FAVOURED BY TWO FACTORS

 1. LOW TEMPERATURE
2. HIGH PRESSURE

EXPLANATION FOR LOW TEMPERATURE

• FORWARD REACTION IS EXORTHERMIC

• REDUCING TEMP WILL INCREASE KP
• THIS CAUSES THE EQUILIBRIUM COMPOSITON TO RIGHT
• THUS MORE DINITROGEN TETRE OXIDE IS PRODUCED TO COUNTER BALANCE THE REDUCE
IN TEMPERATURE
EXPLANATION FOR INCREASE IN PRESSURE

• TOTAL NO OF MOLES OF REACTANTS IS HIGHER THAN PRODUCTS

• EQUILIBRIUM WILL SHIFT TO RIGHT TO RESSIST THE CHANGE IN PRESSURE
• MORE DINITROGEN TETRA OXIDE WILL BE PRODUCED

STRUCTURE OF DIMER

• ACHIEVES OCTET STATE

• NO UNPAIRED ELECTRONS

• DI MAGNETIC

DINITROGEN TETRAOXIDE

• COLOURLESS GAS AT ROOM TEMP AND BELOW

• NON- POLAR
• EXIST AS 3 RESONANCE STRUCTURE
 DECOMPOSITION

• READILIY DECOMPOSES TO NITROGEN DIOXIDE

REASON : - BOTH NITROGEN ATOMS CARRIES PARTIAL (+ VE) CAHARGE
- HENCE THE NITROGEN ATOMS REPELS EACH OTHER
- THE N-N BOND IS WEAKEN DUE TO THIS.

AIR POLLUTIONS BY OXIDES OF NITROGEN

• OXIDES OF NITROGEN ARE NOT THE RESULTS OF COMBUSTION FUEL

• THEN WHAT CAUSES OXIDS OF NITROGEN FORMED IN PETROL ENGINE &
ELECTRICAL GENERATOR ?????
• INITIALLY THE OXIDES OF NITROGEN PRODUCED IS NITROGEN MONOOXIDE
• THIS GAS RAPIDLY CONVERTED INTO NITROGEN DIOXIDE BY FUTHER
REACTING WITH OXYGEN IN SURROUNDING AIR.
• OXIDES OF NITROGEN HAVE ABILITY TO FORM FREE RADICAL BY
PHOTOCHEMICAL PROCESS

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NO, NO2, N2O4

 CATALYTIC CONVERTER

• AN ANTI POLLUTION DEVICE LOCATED IN EXHAUST SYSTEM OF MODERN VEHICLES

• MADE UP OF METAL CATALYST PLATINUM-RHODIUM ON CERAMIC MATRIX
• REDUSES OXIDES OF NITROGEN INTO NITROGEN
• CATALYSES OXIDATION OF CABON MONOOXIDE AND UNBURNED HYDROCARBONS INTO
CARBON DIOXIDE
• THE CATAYST IS ONLY EFFECTIVE WHEN TEMPERARURE EXCEEDS 400 *C
• THUS MOST OF THE TIME CONVETER IS IN ACTIVE BECAUSE IT DOES NOT REACH THE
OPERATING TEMPERATURE
• CARS FITTED CATALYTIC CONVERTERS LEADED PETROL
• THIS IS BECAUSE LEADED COMPOUND COAT ON SURFACE OF CATALYST