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Lecture Outline:
• Introduction
• Subsystem For Data Input
• Subsystem For Data Storage &
Management
• Subsystem For Data
Manipulation & Analysis
• Subsystem For Data Output
ArcView
GIS - 4 SUBSYSTEMS
Manual Digitizing
Field Surveying
Remote Sensing
• data from satellite images
• every single object reflects different
frequencies
• image classified digitally
• correction: radiometric & geometric
• format: raster; vector conversion
• image interpretation: done digitally
Solar Panel
Sensor
Image :
Ground surface being scanned a) Panchromatic
b) Color:
• True color
• False color
RADARSAT (Canada)
• Sun-synchronous
• microwave
• 798 Km altitude
• 24 days repeat cycle
• resolution: mode dependent
• ground swath: mode dependent
IKONOS Satellite
Orbit: Sun-synchronous
Altitude: 423 miles (680 Km)
Speed: 17,500 mph (28,500Km/h)
Resolution: Multispectral 4m; Panc 1m
Weight: 720 Kg
World Trade Centre, New York – 12 Sept 2001 The Pentagon – 12 Sept 2001
Satellite Image captured from Google Earth Quickbird Image of Johor Bahru
Receiver
http://www.e-trimblegps.com
SGG 2443 - Principles of Geographic Information Science
LECTURE 4: GIS SUBSYSTEMS
Subsystem For Data Input – GPS
Geodatabase Development
- Field Data Updating With GPS (Satellite Positioning)
Scanning
Attribute Data
• manual data entry
– table
– data values
– linking the tables
• import from other systems (DBMS)
– Oracle
– Informix
– Ingres
– Dbase
– MS: SQL Server; Access;Excel
GEOSPATIAL
DATABASE
Query Position of Object
(x,y)
Input
Attributes Topology
(object characteristics) (relationship
between objects)
(DBMS)
Information
Retrieval Output
• Map Generalization
– Coordinate Thinning
– Polygon Thinning
– Dropline & Reclassification of Polygons
– Edge Matching
¾ Map Aggregation
– The reverse of map overlay
– New map extracted from composite map
• Surface Analysis
– Slope/ Aspect
– Viewshed & Watershed Analyses
• Network Analysis
– road, water, telecommunication networks
– examples: shortest or optimal path
an
• able to generate outputs in
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K interactive & batch modes
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• able to store micros
• can provide various tools for
cartographic design
• able to output other features than
map (e.g. chart, table, etc.)