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lj;o-;"rL

cś'ų/lgsŽoá 2 6= cg'?ź;'ų+ 30
7= b'ltolj;fvf;'ų+ 32
cŪslgkftkflń 2 8= gs'þndftf;'ų+ 32
1= k&dkŰf;s+þ 2 9= k&dOwnálss;'ų+ 33
1= d]ųfj±Ʈëf 2 10= b'ltoOwnálss;'ų+ 33
1= d]ųf;'ų+ 2 2= b'ltokŰf;s+þ 34
2= kţf;'ų+ 2 ‘6’ 1= ±uëftdLj±Ʈëf 34
3= k&dclƍo;'ų+ 3 1= ±uëftdL;'ų+ 34
4= b'ltoclƍo;'ų+ 4 2= cájfb;'ų+ 36
5= k&dnáswƙ;'ų+ 4 3= ;+lvų;'ų+ 36
6= b'ltonáswƙ;'ų+ 4 4= bL#hŽ)';'ų+ 36
7= b]jbųljklų;'ų+ 5 5= pşo;'ų+ 37
8= pų/ljklų;'ų+ 5 6= eo;'ų+ 38
9= gƆ;'ų+ 6 7= k&dcfx'g]Ɯ;'ų+ 38
10= sŽ/ůj;'ų+ 7 8= b'ltocfx'g]Ɯ;'ų+ 39
2= dxfj±Ʈëf 8 9= k&dk'Ʈn;'ų+ 39
1= j]/ŧ;'ų+ 8 10= b'ltok'Ʈn;'ų+ 39
2= ;Lx;'ų+ 9 ‘7’ 2= e"ldrfnj±Ʈëf 39
3= cƧfhŽgLo;'ų+ 11 1= OŞf;'ų+ 39
4= cƧvń'Ř;'ų+ 12 2= cn+;'ų+ 40
5= dn;'ų+ 13 3= ;+lvų;'ų+ 41
6= b"t]Ɯ;'ų+ 13 4= uof;L;;'ų+ 41
7= k&daƈg;'ų+ 13 5= cleefotg;'ų+ 42
8= b'ltoaƈg;'ų+ 13 6= ljdáŋ;'ų+ 42
9= kxf/fb;'ų+ 14 7= cgl/ojáxf/;'ų+ 43
10= pká;y;'ų+ 15 8= cl/ojáxf/;'ų+ 43
3= uxkltj±Ʈëf 16 9= kl/;f;'ų+ 43
1= k&dpƮ;'ų+ 16 10= e"ldrfn;'ų+ 43
2= b'ltopƮ;'ų+ 17 ‘8’ 3= odsj±Ʈëf 45
3= k&dxŴs;'ų+ 18 1= k&d;źf;'ų+ 45
4= b'ltoxŴs;'ų+ 18 2= b'lto;źf;'ų+ 45
5= dxfgfd;'ų+ 18 3= k&dd/)Ƨlt;'ų+ 45
6= hLjs;'ų+ 19 4= b'ltod/)Ƨlt;'ų+ 46
7= k&dan;'ų+ 19 5= k&d;ƕbf;'ų+ 47
8= b'ltoan;'ų+ 19 6= b'lto;ƕbf;'ų+ 47
9= cŋ);'ų+ 20 7= OŞf;'ų+ 48
10= cg'?źdxfljtŊ;'ų+ 21 8= cn+;'ų+ 48
4= bfgj±Ʈëf 23 9= kl/xfg;'ų+ 49
1= k&dbfg;'ų+ 23 10= s'þ;Ltf/ƘjŴ';'ų+ 49
2= b'ltobfg;'ų+ 23 ‘9’ 4= ;ltj±Ʈëf 50
3= bfgjŴ';'ų+ 23 1= ;lt;ƕhţ;'ų+ 50
4= ±vëų;'ų+ 23 2= k'lŰo;'ų+ 51
5= bfg"kklų;'ų+ 24 3= d"ns;'ų+ 51
6= k'ţlsl/ojŴ';'ų+ 24 4= rá/;'ų+ 51
7= ;ƍ'l/;bfg;'ų+ 25 5= ;d);'ų+ 51
8= ;ƍ'l/;;'ų+ 25 6= o;;'ų+ 52
9= cle;Ɔ;'ų+ 25 7= kųlgs'þşg;'ų+ 52
10= b'ŝl/tljkfs;'ų+ 26 8= cƍ;fbkj]bgLo;'ų+ 53
5= pká;yj±Ʈëf 26 9= kl;f/)Lo;'ų+ 53
1= ;lřų"ká;y;'ų+ 26 10= ;ƙfjųg;'ų+ 53
2= ljŴt"ká;y;'ų+ 27 ‘10’ 5= ;fdţj±Ʈëf 53
3= lj;fvf;'ų+ 28 ‘11’= /fuk]Ɯfn+ 54
4= jf;]Ū;'ų+ 29
5= aáŢ;'ų+ 29

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4-8 cŪslgkftkflńM
39 a

Ķ gdá tƧ eujtá c/xtá ;ƙf;Ɨ'źƧĶ

cś'ų/lgsŽoá

cŪslgkftkflń
1= k&dkŰf;s+þ

1= d]ųfj±Ʈëf

1= d]ųf;'ų+
1= Pj+ d] ;'t+ - Ps+þ ;do+ eujf ;fjlŴo+ ljx/lt h]tjg] cgfylklůsƧ cf/fd]. tŶ ±vëf eujf leŋ" cfdƃ]l; -
æleŋjáÆlt. æebƃ]Ælt t] leŋ" eujtá kŝƧá;'+. eujf Ptbjár -
û æd]ųfo, leŋj], r]táljd'lųof cf;]ljtfo efljtfo ax'nLstfo ofgLstfo jŴ'stfo cg'lŪtfo kl/lrtfo ;';df/źfo
cŪflg;+;f kflsřf. std] cŪĠ ;'v+ ;'klt, ;'v+ kla'Ţlt, g kfks+þ ;'lkg+ kƧlt, dg'Ƨfg+ lkoá xált, cdg'Ƨfg+ lkoá xált,
b]jtf /ŋlƃ, gfƧ clƮ jf lj;+ jf ;Ŵ+ jf sdlt, pųƸ/ cƍlljŢƃá Ɣƪnás"þk±uëf xált. d]ųfo, leŋj], r]táljd'lųof cf;]ljtfo
efljtfo ax'nLstfo ofgLstfo jŴ'stfo cg'lŪtfo kl/lrtfo ;';df/źfo Od] cŪflg;+;f kflsřfÆlt.
æoá r d]ų+ efjolt, cƍdf)+ klƧtá û .
tg" ;+oáhgf xálƃ, kƧtá pklwŋo+Ķ
æPslƕ r] kf)db'Ūlrųá,
d]ųfolt s'þ;nL t]g xált.
;Ƒ] r kf±)ë dg;fg'sƕL,
kx"tdl/oá ks/ált k'ţ+Ķ
æo] ;ų;ů+ kyƸj ljh]ŷf,
/flh;oá ohdfgf cg'kl/ouf.
cƧd]w+ k'l/;d]w+,
;ƙfkf;+ jfhk]Ɯ+ lg/Ʈń+Ķ
æd]ųƧ lrųƧ ;'efljtƧ,
snlƕ t] gfg'ejlƃ ;áńƸ;.
rƆƍef tf/u)fj ;Ƒ],
oyf g cŔlƃ snlƕ ;áńƸ; û Ķ
æoá g xlƃ g #ft]lt, g lhgflt g hŽko].
d]ų+;á ;Ƒe"tfg+, j]/+ tƧ g s]þgrLÆltĶ k&d+.

2= kţf;'ų+
2= æclŪd] leŋj], x]t" cŪ kŝof cflbƔƪrl/losŽo kţfo cƍlnźfo klnfefo, klnźfo leƜáefjfo j]k'Ɵfo
efjgfo kfl/k"l/of ;+jųlƃ. std] cŪĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' ;Ŵf/+ pklgƧfo ljx/lt cţt/+ jf u?Ūflgo+ ;ƔƪrfƸ/, oŴƧ ltƑ+
lx/áųƍ+ kŝ'klŪt+ xált k]dť uf/já r. co+ leŋj], k&dá x]t' k&dá kŝoá cflbƔƪrl/losŽo kţfo cƍlnźfo klnfefo,
klnźfo leƜáefjfo j]k'Ɵfo efjgfo kfl/k"l/of ;+jųlt.

2
æ;á t+ ;Ŵf/+ pklgƧfo ljx/ƃá cţt/+ jf u?Ūflgo+ ;ƔƪrfƸ/, oŴƧ ltƑ+ lx/áųƍ+ kŝ'klŪt+ xált k]d+ uf/já r, t]
sŽn]g sŽn+ pk;Řldŷf kl/k'Şlt kl/kŤlt - ‘Ob+, eƃ], sy+¶ OdƧ sŽ] cŴá’ltĠ tƧ t] cfoƨƃá cljjť]j ljj/lƃ,
cg'ųfgLstť pųfgL s/álƃ, cg]sljlxt];' r sřf&flgo];' wƙ];' sř+ klljgáb]lƃ. co+, leŋj], b'ltoá x]t' b'ltoá kŝoá
cflbƔƪrl/losŽo kţfo cƍlnźfo klnfefo, klnźfo leƜáefjfo j]k'Ɵfo efjgfo kfl/k"l/of ;+jųlt.
æ;á t+ wƙ+ ;'ŷf ƀo]g j"ksŽ;]g ;ƕfb]lt - sŽoj"ksŽ;]g r lrųj"ksŽ;]g r. co+, leŋj], tltoá x]t' tltoá kŝoá
cflbƔƪrl/losŽo kţfo cƍlnźfo klnfefo, klnźfo leƜáefjfo j]k'Ɵfo efjgfo kfl/k"l/of ;+jųlt.
æ;Lnjf xált, kfltdáŋ;+j/;+j'tá ljx/lt cfrf/±uëfr/;ƕƉá c)'dų];' jş];' eobƧfjL, ;dfbfo l;ŋlt l;ŋfkb];'.
co+, leŋj], rt'Ŵá x]t' rt'Ŵá kŝoá cflbƔƪrl/losŽo kţfo cƍlnźfo klnfefo, klnźfo leƜáefjfo j]k'Ɵfo efjgfo
kfl/k"l/of ;+jųlt.
æax'Ƨ'tá xált ;'tw/á ;'t;lƉroá. o] t] wƙf cflbsƠf)f dŢ]sƠf)f kl/oá;fgsƠf)f ;fŴ+ ;Ɠŧg+ û s]þjnkl/k'Ű+
kl/;'ź+ Ɣƪrl/o+ clejblƃ, tyf¿kfƧ wƙf ax'Ƨ'tf xálƃ wftf û jr;f kl/lrtf dg;fg'k]lŋtf lblŪof ;'ƍlljźf. co+, leŋj],
kťdá x]t' kťdá kŝoá cflbƔƪrl/losŽo kţfo cƍlnźfo klnfefo, klnźfo leƜáefjfo j]k'Ɵfo efjgfo kfl/k"l/of
;+jųlt.
æcf/źjLl/oá ljx/lt cs'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ kxfgfo, s'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ pk;ƕbfo, yfdjf bŃÜk/Ŋdá clglŋųw'/á s'þ;n];'
wƙ];'. co+, leŋj], %Ūá x]t' %Ūá kŝoá cflbƔƪrl/losŽo kţfo cƍlnźfo klnfefo, klnźfo leƜáefjfo j]k'Ɵfo efjgfo
kfl/k"l/of ;+jųlt.
æ;Ŝutá ±vëf kg cgfgfslysŽ] xált clt/ŞfgslysŽ]. ;fd+ jf wƙ+ ef;lt k/+ jf cŢ];lt cl/o+ jf t'ŲLefj+
gfltdţlt. co+, leŋj], ;ųdá x]t' ;ųdá kŝoá cflbƔƪrl/losŽo kţfo cƍlnźfo klnfefo, klnźfo leƜáefjfo j]k'Ɵfo
efjgfo kfl/k"l/of ;+jųlt.
ækť;' ±vëf kg pkfbfgŋƈ];' pboƑofg'kƧL ljx/lt - ‘Olt ¿k+, Olt ¿kƧ ;d'boá, Olt ¿kƧ cŴśdᶠOlt j]bgf,
Olt j]bgfo ;d'boá, Olt j]bgfo cŴśdᶠOlt ;ţf»k]0 Olt ;řf/f»k]0 Olt ljţf)+, Olt ljţf)Ƨ ;d'boá, Olt ljţf)Ƨ
cŴśdá’lt. co+, leŋj], cŪdá x]t' cŪdá kŝoá cflbƔƪrl/losŽo kţfo cƍlnźfo klnfefo, klnźfo leƜáefjfo j]k'Ɵfo
efjgfo kfl/k"l/of ;+jųlt.
ætd]g+ ;Ɣƪrf/L Pj+ ;Ƙfj]lƃ - ‘co+ ±vëf cfoƨf ;Ŵf/+ pklgƧfo ljx/lt cţt/+ jf u?Ūflgo+ ;ƔƪrfƸ/, oŴƧ ltƑ+
lx/áųƍ+ kŝ'klŪt+ xált k]dť uf/já r. cźf codfoƨf hŽg+ hŽgflt kƧ+ kƧtL’lt¹ colƕ wƙá lkoųfo u?ųfo û efjgfo
;fdţfo PsLefjfo ;+jųlt.
æ‘t+ ±vëf kgfodfoƨf ;Ŵf/+ pklgƧfo ljx/ƃá cţt/+ jf u?Ūflgo+ ;ƔƪrfƸ/, oŴƧ ltƑ+ lx/áųƍ+ kŝ'klŪt+ xált
k]dť uf/já r, t] sŽn]g sŽn+ pk;Řldŷf kl/k'Şlt kl/kŤlt - Ob+, eƃ], sy+¶ OdƧ sŽ] cŴáltĠ tƧ t] cfoƨƃá cljjť]j
ljj/lƃ, cg'ųfgLstť pųfgL s/álƃ, cg]sljlxt];' r sřf&flgo];' wƙ];' sř+ klljgáb]lƃ. cźf codfoƨf hŽg+ hŽgflt kƧ+
kƧtL’lt¹ colƕ wƙá lkoųfo u?ųfo efjgfo ;fdţfo PsLefjfo ;+jųlt.
æ‘t+ ±vëf kgfodfoƨf wƙ+ ;'ŷf ƀo]g j"ksŽ;]g ;ƕfb]lt - sŽoj"ksŽ;]g r lrųj"ksŽ;]g r. cźf codfoƨf hŽg+ hŽgflt
kƧ+ kƧtL’lt¹ colƕ wƙá lkoųfo u?ųfo efjgfo ;fdţfo PsLefjfo ;+jųlt.
æ‘;Lnjf ±vëf kgfodfoƨf kfltdáŋ;+j/;+j'tá ljx/lt cfrf/±uëfr/;ƕƉá c)'dų];' jş];' eobƧfjL, ;dfbfo l;ŋlt
l;ŋfkb];'. cźf codfoƨf hŽg+ hŽgflt kƧ+ kƧtL’lt¹ colƕ wƙá lkoųfo u?ųfo efjgfo ;fdţfo PsLefjfo ;+jųlt.
æ‘ax'Ƨ'tá ±vëf kgfodfoƨf ;'tw/á ;'t;lƉroá. o] t] wƙf cflbsƠf)f dŢ]sƠf)f kl/oá;fgsƠf)f ;fŴ+ ;Ɠŧg+
s]þjnkl/k'Ű+ kl/;'ź+ Ɣƪrl/o+ clejblƃ, tyf¿kfƧ wƙf ax'Ƨ'tf xálƃ wftf jr;f kl/lrtf dg;fg'k]lŋtf lblŪof ;'ƍlljźf.
cźf codfoƨf hŽg+ hŽgflt kƧ+ kƧtL’lt¹ colƕ wƙá lkoųfo u?ųfo efjgfo ;fdţfo PsLefjfo ;+jųlt.
æ‘cf/źjLl/oá ±vëf kgfodfoƨf ljx/lt cs'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ kxfgfo, s'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ pk;ƕbfo, yfdjf bŃÜk/Ŋdá
clglŋųw'/á s'þ;n];' wƙ];'. cźf codfoƨf hŽg+ hŽgflt kƧ+ kƧtL’lt¹ colƕ wƙá lkoųfo u?ųfo efjgfo ;fdţfo PsLefjfo
;+jųlt.
æ‘;Ŝutá ±vëf kgfodfoƨf cgfgfslysŽ] xált clt/ŞfgslysŽ]. ;fd+ jf wƙ+ ef;lt k/+ jf cŢ];lt cl/o+ jf t'ŲLefj+
gfltdţlt. cźf codfoƨf hŽg+ hŽgflt kƧ+ kƧtL’lt¹ colƕ wƙá lkoųfo u?ųfo efjgfo ;fdţfo PsLefjfo ;+jųlt.
æ‘kť;' ±vëf kgfodfoƨf pkfbfgŋƈ];' pboƑofg'kƧL ljx/lt - Olt ¿k+, Olt ¿kƧ ;d'boá, Olt ¿kƧ cŴśdᶠOlt
j]bgf»k]0 Olt ;ţf»k]0 Olt ;řf/f»k]0 Olt ljţf)+, Olt ljţf)Ƨ ;d'boá, Olt ljţf)Ƨ cŴśdált. cźf codfoƨf hŽg+
hŽgflt kƧ+ kƧtL’lt¹ colƕ wƙá lkoųfo u?ųfo efjgfo ;fdţfo PsLefjfo ;+jųlt.
æOd] ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ x]t" cŪ kŝof cflbƔƪrl/losŽo kţfo cƍlnźfo klnfefo, klnźfo leƜáefjfo j]k'Ɵfo
efjgfo kfl/k"l/of ;+jųƃLÆlt. b'lto+.

3= k&dclƍo;'ų+
3= æcŪlx leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+ clƍoá r xált cdgfká r cu? r cefjgLoá r. std]lx
cŪlxĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' clƍok;+;L r xált, lkou/xL r, nfesŽdá r, ;ŊŽ/sŽdá r, clxl/sŽ] r, cgáųƍL r, kflkŞá r,
ldŞflblŪ r. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+ clƍoá r xált cdgfká r cu? r cefjgLoá r.
æcŪlx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+ lkoá r xált dgfká r u? r efjgLoá r. std]lx cŪlxĠ Ow

3
leŋj], leŋ' g clƍok;+;L r xált, g lkou/xL r, g nfesŽdá r, g ;ŊŽ/sŽdá r, lx/Ldf r xált, cáųƍL r, clƍŞá r,
;ƙflblŪ r. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+ lkoá r xált dgfká r u? r efjgLoá rfÆlt.
tlto+.

4= b'ltoclƍo;'ų+
4= æcŪlx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+ clƍoá r xált cdgfká r cu? r cefjgLoá r. std]lx
cŪlxĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' nfesŽdá r xált, ;ŊŽ/sŽdá r, cgjţlųsŽdá r, csŽnţ" r, cdųţ" r, c;'lr r, ax'ef)L r,
cŊŽ];skl/ef;sŽ] r ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+ clƍoá r xált cdgfká rcu? r
cefjgLoá r.
æcŪlx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+ lkoá r xált dgfká r u? r efjgLoá r. std]lx cŪlxĠ Ow,
leŋj], leŋ' g nfesŽdá r xált, g ;ŊŽ/sŽdá r, g cgjţlųsŽdá r, sŽnţ" r, dųţ" r, ;'lr r, g ax'ef)L r,
cgŊŽ];skl/ef;sŽ] r ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+ lkoá r xált dgfká r u? r
efjgLoá rfÆlt. rt'Ŵ+.

5= k&dnáswƙ;'ų+
5= æclŪd] leŋj], náswƙf nás+þ cg'kl/jųlƃ, násŽ] r cŪ náswƙ] cg'kl/jųlt. std] cŪĠ nfeá r, cnfeá r,
o;á r, co;á r, lgƆf r, k;+;f r, ;'vť, b'ŋť. Od] ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ náswƙf nás+þ cg'kl/jųlƃ, násŽ] r Od] cŪ náswƙ]
cg'kl/jųtLÆlt.
ænfeá cnfeá r o;fo;á r,
lgƆf k;+;f r ;'v+ b'vť.
Pt] clgŝf dg'h];' wƙf,
c;Ƨtf ljkl/)fdwƙfĶ
æPt] r `ŷf ;ltdf ;'d]±wëf,
cj]ŋlt ljkl/)fdwƙ].
OŪƧ wƙf g d±yëlƃ lrų+,
clgŪtá gá kl#ftd]ltĶ
ætƧfg'/áwf cy jf lj/áwf,
ljw"lktf cŴśtf g ;lƃ.
kbť `ŷf lj/h+ c;ás+þ,
;ƙƍhŽgflt ejƧ kf/u"ÆltĶ kťd+.

6= b'ltonáswƙ;'ų+
6= æclŪd], leŋj], náswƙf nás+þ cg'kl/jųlƃ, násŽ] r cŪ náswƙ] cg'kl/jųlt. std] cŪĠ nfeá r, cnfeá r,
o;á r, co;á r, lgƆf r, k;+;f r, ;'vť, b'ŋť. Od] ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ náswƙf nás+þ cg'kl/jųlƃ, násŽ] r Od] cŪ náswƙ]
cg'kl/jųlt.
æcƧ'tjtá, leŋj], k'y'şgƧ pƍşlt nfeálk cnfeálk o;álk co;álk lgƆflk k;+;flk ;'vlƕ b'ŋlƕ. ;'tjtálk,
leŋj], cl/o;fjsƧ pƍşlt nfeálk cnfeálk o;álk co;álk lgƆflk k;+;flk ;'vlƕ b'ŋlƕ. tŶ, leŋj], sŽ] lj;];á sŽ]
clwƍof;á û Ƹs gfgfs/)+ ;'tjtá cl/o;fjsƧ cƧ'tjtf k'y'şg]gfÆltĠ æeuj+d"nsŽ gá, eƃ], wƙf euj+g]lųsŽ euj+kl;/)f.
;fw' jt, eƃ], eujƃ+o]j kleft' PtƧ efl;tƧ cŴá. eujtá ;'ŷf leŋ" wf/]ƧƃLÆlt.
æt]g lx, leŋj], ;')fy, ;fw's+þ dgl; s/áy¶ efl;ƧfdLÆlt. æPj+, eƃ]Ælt ±vëf t] leŋ" eujtá kŝƧá;'+. eujf
Ptbjár - æcƧ'tjtá, leŋj], k'y'şgƧ pƍşlt nfeá. ;á g Olt kl;lťŋlt - ‘pƍƉá ±vëf d] co+ nfeᶠ;á r ±vëf clgŝá b'ŋá
ljkl/)fdwƙá’lt oyfe"t+ gƍhŽgflt. pƍşlt cnfeá»k]0 pƍşlt o;á» pƍşlt co;á» pƍşlt lgƆf» pƍşlt k;+;f»
pƍşlt ;'v+» pƍşlt b'ŋ+. ;á g Olt kl;lťŋlt - ‘pƍƉ+ ±vëf d] Ob+ b'ŋ+¶ tť ±vëf clgŝ+ b'ŋ+ ljkl/)fdwƙ’lƃ oyfe"t+
gƍhŽgfltÆ.
ætƧ nfeálk lrų+ kl/ofbfo ltŪlt, cnfeálk lrų+ kl/ofbfo ltŪlt, o;álk lrų+ kl/ofbfo ltŪlt, co;álk lrų+
kl/ofbfo ltŪlt, lgƆflk lrų+ kl/ofbfo ltŪlt, k;+;flk lrų+ kl/ofbfo ltŪlt, ;'vlƕ lrų+ kl/ofbfo ltŪlt, b'ŋlƕ lrų+
kl/ofbfo ltŪlt. ;á pƍƉ+ nfe+ cg'?Ţlt, cnfe] kllj?Ţlt¶ pƍƉ+ o;+ cg'?Ţlt, co;] kllj?Ţlt¶ pƍƉ+ k;+;+ cg'?Ţlt,
lgƆfo kllj?Ţlt¶ pƍƉ+ ;'v+ cg'?Ţlt, b'ŋ] kllj?Ţlt. ;á Pj+ cg'/áwlj/áw;dfkƉá g kl/d'ŝlt hŽltof h/fo d/±)ëg
;ás]þlx kl/b]j]lx b'ŋ]lx bádgƧ]lx pkfof;]lx. ‘g kl/d'ŝlt b'ŋƨf’lt jbfldÆ.
æ;'tjtá r ±vëf, leŋj], cl/o;fjsƧ pƍşlt nfeá. ;á Olt kl;lťŋlt - ‘pƍƉá ±vëf d] co+ nfeᶠ;á r ±vëf clgŝá

4
b'ŋá ljkl/)fdwƙá’lt oyfe"t+ khŽgflt. pƍşlt cnfeá»k]0 pƍşlt o;á» pƍşlt co;á» pƍşlt lgƆf» pƍşlt
k;+;f» pƍşlt ;'v+» pƍşlt b'ŋ+. ;á Olt kl;lťŋlt - ‘pƍƉ+ ±vëf d] Ob+ b'ŋ+¶ tť ±vëf clgŝ+ b'ŋ+ ljkl/)fdwƙ’lƃ oyfe"t+
khŽgfltÆ.
ætƧ nfeálk lrų+ g kl/ofbfo ltŪlt, cnfeálk lrų+ g kl/ofbfo ltŪlt, o;álk lrų+ g kl/ofbfo ltŪlt, co;álk
lrų+ g kl/ofbfo ltŪlt, lgƆflk lrų+ g kl/ofbfo ltŪlt, k;+;flk lrų+ g kl/ofbfo ltŪlt, ;'vlƕ lrų+ g kl/ofbfo ltŪlt,
b'ŋlƕ lrų+ g kl/ofbfo ltŪlt. ;á pƍƉ+ nfe+ gfg'?Ţlt, cnfe] gƍllj?Ţlt¶ pƍƉ+ o;+ gfg'?Ţlt, co;] gƍllj?Ţlt¶
pƍƉ+ k;+;+ gfg'?Ţlt, lgƆfo gƍllj?Ţlt¶ pƍƉ+ ;'v+ gfg'?Ţlt, b'ŋ] gƍllj?Ţlt. ;á Pj+ cg'/áwlj/áwljƍxLgá kl/d'ŝlt
hŽltof h/fo d/±)ëg ;ás]þlx kl/b]j]lx b'ŋ]lx bádgƧ]lx pkfof;]lx. ‘kl/d'ŝlt b'ŋƨf’lt jbfld. co+ ±vëf, leŋj], lj;];á co+
clwƍof;á Ob+ gfgfs/)+ ;'tjtá cl/o;fjsƧ cƧ'tjtf k'yş ' g]gfÆlt.
ænfeá cnfeá r o;fo;á r,
lgƆf k;+;f r ;'v+ b'vť.
Pt] clgŝf dg'h];' wƙf,
c;Ƨtf ljkl/)fdwƙfĶ
æPt] r `ŷf ;ltdf ;'d]±wëf,
cj]ŋlt ljkl/)fdwƙ].
OŪƧ wƙf g d±yëlƃ lrų+,
clgŪtá gá kl#ftd]ltĶ
ætƧfg'/áwf cy jf lj/áwf,
ljw"lktf cŴśtf g ;lƃ.
kbť `ŷf lj/h+ c;ás+þ,
;ƙƍhŽgflt ejƧ kf/u"ÆltĶ %Ū+.

7= b]jbųljklų;'ų+
7= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf /fhux] ljx/lt luŢs"þ] kƑt] clr/kŊƃ] b]jbų]. tŶ eujf b]jbų+ cf/ư leŋ" cfdƃ]l; -
æ;fw', leŋj], leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ cųljkƸų kŝj]lŋtf xált. ;fw', leŋj], leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ k/ljkƸų kŝj]lŋtf xált. ;fw', leŋj],
leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ cų;ƕƸų kŝj]lŋtf xált. ;fw' leŋj], leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ k/;ƕƸų kŝj]lŋtf xált. cŪlx, leŋj], c;źƙ]lx
clee"tá kl/oflbƉlrųá b]jbųá cfkflosŽ] g]/losŽ] sƍŪá ct]lsŞáÆ.
û æstd]lx cŪlxĠ nfe]g lx, leŋj], clee"tá kl/oflbƉlrųá b]jbųá cfkflosŽ] g]/losŽ] sƍŪá ct]lsŞá. cnfe]g,
leŋj]»k]0 o;]g, leŋj]» co;]g, leŋj]» ;ŊŽ/]g, leŋj]» c;ŊŽ/]g, leŋj]» kflkŞtfo, leŋj]» kfkldųtfo, leŋj],
clee"tá kl/oflbƉlrųá b]jbųá cfkflosŽ] g]/losŽ] sƍŪá ct]lsŞá. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx c;źƙ]lx clee"tá kl/oflbƉlrųá
b]jbųá cfkflosŽ] g]/losŽ] sƍŪá ct]lsŞá.
æ;fw', leŋj], leŋ' pƍƉ+ nfe+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljx/]Ɯ, pƍƉ+ cnfe+»k]0 pƍƉ+ o;+» pƍƉ+ co;+» pƍƉ+ ;ŊŽ/+ pƍƉ+
c;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ kflkŞt+» pƍƉ+ kfkldųt+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljx/]Ɯ.
ælsť û , leŋj], leŋ' cŴj;+ klŝ pƍƉ+ nfe+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljx/]Ɯ, pƍƉ+ cnfe+»k]0 pƍƉ+ o;+» pƍƉ+ co;+»
pƍƉ+ ;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ c;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ kflkŞt+» pƍƉ+ kfkldųt+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljx/]ƜĠ
æo+ lxƧ, leŋj], pƍƉ+ nfe+ cglee'Ɯ û ljx/tá pƍş]Ɯ'+ cf;jf lj#ftkl/ńfxf, pƍƉ+ nfe+ clee'Ɯ û ljx/tá Pj+; t]
cf;jf lj#ftkl/ńfxf g xálƃ. o+ lxƧ, leŋj], pƍƉ+ cnfe+»k]0 pƍƉ+ o;+» pƍƉ+ co;+» pƍƉ+ ;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ c;ŊŽ/» +
pƍƉ+ kflkŞt+» pƍƉ+ kfkldųt+ cglee'Ɯ ljx/tá pƍş]Ɯ'+ cf;jf lj#ftkl/ńfxf, pƍƉ+ kfkldųt+ clee'Ɯ ljx/tá Pj+; t]
cf;jf lj#ftkl/ńfxf g xálƃ. Ob+ ±vëf, leŋj], leŋ' cŴj;+ klŝ pƍƉ+ nfe+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljx/]Ɯ, pƍƉ+ cnfe+»k]0 pƍƉ+
o;+» pƍƉ+ co;+ » pƍƉ+ ;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ c;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ kflkŞt+» pƍƉ+ kfkldųt+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljx/]Ɯ.
ætƨfltx leŋj], Pj+ l;lŋtƑ+ - ‘pƍƉ+ nfe+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljxl/Ƨfd, pƍƉ+ cnfe+»k]0 pƍƉ+ o;+» pƍƉ+ co;+»
pƍƉ+ ;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ c;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ kflkŞt+» pƍƉ+ kfkldųt+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljxl/Ƨfdf’lt. PjlŤ já, leŋj],
l;lŋtƑÆlƃ. ;ųd+.

8= pų/ljklų;'ų+
8= Ps+þ ;do+ cfoƨf pų/á dlx;jŴ'Ƹƨ ljx/lt ;ř]Ɯs]þ kƑt] jhŽlnsŽo+ û . tŶ ±vëf cfoƨf pų/á leŋ" cfdƃ]l; -
æ;fwfj';á, leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ cųljkƸų kŝj]lŋtf xált. ;fwfj';á, leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ k/ljkƸų kŝj]lŋtf xált. ;fwfj';á, leŋ'
sŽn]g sŽn+ cų;ƕƸų kŝj]lŋtf xált. ;fwfj';á, leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ k/;ƕƸų kŝj]lŋtf xátLÆlt.
t]g ±vëf kg ;do]g j]Ƨj±)ëf dxf/fhŽ pų/fo lb;fo blŋ)+ lb;+ uŞlt s]þglrb]j s/)Lo]g. cƧál; ±vëf j]Ƨj±)ëf
dxf/fhŽ cfoƨtá pų/Ƨ dlx;jŴ'Ƹƨ ;ř]Ɯs]þ kƑt] jhŽlnsŽo+ leŋ"g+ Pj+ wƙ+ b];]ƃƧ - æ;fwfj';á, leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ cųljkƸų
kŝj]lŋtf xált. ;fwfj';á, leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ k/ljkƸų kŝj]lŋtf xált. ;fwfj';á, leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ cų;ƕƸų kŝj]lŋtf xált.

5
;fwfj';á, leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ k/;ƕƸų kŝj]lŋtf xátLÆlt.
cy ±vëf j]ƧjŰá dxf/fhŽ - ;]Ɯyflk gfd anjf k'l/;á ;ldlŧt+ û jf afx+ k;f/]Ɯ, k;fl/t+ jf afx+ ;ldŧ]Ɯ û ,
Pjd]j+ dlx;jŴ'Ƹƨ ;ř]Ɯs]þ kƑt] jhŽlnsŽo+ cƃ/lxtá b]j];' tfjƸt;];' kft'/xál;. cy ±vëf j]ƧjŰá dxf/fhŽ o]g ;ŊŽ] b]jfgldƆá
t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf ;Ŋ+þ b]jfgldƆ+ Ptbjár - æoŔ] dfl/;, hŽg]Ɯfl;¹ P;á cfoƨf pų/á dlx;jŴ'Ƹƨ ;ř]Ɯs]þ kƑt] jhŽlnsŽo+
leŋ"g+ Pj+ wƙ+ b];]lt - ‘;fwfj';á, leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ cųljkƸų kŝj]lŋtf xált ;fwfj';á, leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ k/ljkƸų»k]0
cų;ƕƸų» k/;ƕƸų kŝj]lŋtf xátL’Ælt.
cy ±vëf ;ŊŽ] b]jfgldƆá ;]Ɯyflk gfd anjf k'l/;á ;ldlŧt+ jf afx+ k;f/]Ɯ, k;fl/t+ jf afx+ ;ldŧ]Ɯ, Pjd]j+ b]j];'
tfjƸt;];' cƃ/lxtá dlx;jŴ'Ƹƨ ;ř]Ɯs]þ kƑt] jhŽlnsŽo+ cfoƨtá pų/Ƨ ;ƙ'±vë kft'/xál;. cy ±vëf ;ŊŽ] b]jfgldƆá o]gfoƨf
pų/á t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf cfoƨƃ+ pų/+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ cŪfl;. Psdƃ+ l&tá ±vëf ;ŊŽ] b]jfgldƆá cfoƨƃ+ pų/+ Ptbjár -
æ;ŝ+ ls/, eƃ], cfoƨf pų/á leŋ"g+ Pj+ wƙ+ b];]l; - ‘;fwfj';á, leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ cųljkƸų kŝj]lŋtf xált,
;fwfj';á, leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ k/ljkƸų»k]0 cų;ƕƸų» k/;ƕƸų kŝj]lŋtf xátL’Æ ltĠ æPj+, b]jfgldƆfÆlt. æƸs klgb+ û ,
eƃ], cfoƨtá pų/Ƨ ;s+þ klefg+ û , pbfx' tƧ eujtá jrg+ c/xtá ;ƙf;Ɨ'źƧfÆltĠ æt]g lx, b]jfgldƆ, pkd+ t]
sl/Ƨfld. pkdfo ld±wësŝ] ljţ" k'l/;f efl;tƧ cŴ+ cfhŽgÆlƃ.
æ;]Ɯyflk, b]jfgldƆ, ufdƧ jf lgudƧ jf cljb"/] dxfwţ/fl;. ttá dxfhgsŽoá wţ+ cfx/]Ɯ - sŽh]lxlk lks]þlxlk
pŞś]lxlk cŧnLlxlk oá g' ±vëf, b]jfgldƆ, t+ dxfhgsŽo+ pk;Řldŷf Pj+ k'Ş]Ɯ - ‘s'þtá Od+ wţ+ cfx/yf’lt, sy+ Ɠfs/dfgá g'
±vëf, b]jfgldƆ, ;á dxfhgsŽoá ;ƙf Ɠfs/dfgá Ɠfs/]ƜfÆltĠ æ‘cd'ƛf dxfwţ/fl;ƛf cfx/fdf’lt ±vëf, eƃ], ;á dxfhgsŽoá ;ƙf
Ɠfs/dfgá Ɠfs/]ƜfÆlt. æPjd]j+ ±vëf, b]jfgldƆ, o+ lslť ;'efl;t+ ;Ƒ+ t+ tƧ eujtá jrg+ c/xtá ;ƙf;Ɨ'źƧ. ttá
pkfbfo'kfbfo do+ rţ] r e)fdfÆlt.
æcŞl/o+, eƃ], cư't+ eƃ]¹ ofj ;'efl;t+ lrb+ cfoƨtf pų/]g - ‘o+ lslť ;'efl;t+ ;Ƒ+ t+ tƧ eujtá jrg+ c/xtá
;ƙf;Ɨ'źƧ ttá pkfbfo'kfbfo do+ rţ] r e)fdf’lt. Psldb+, eƃ] pų/, ;do+ eujf /fhux] ljx/lt luŢs"þ] kƑt] clr/kŊƃ]
b]jbų]. tŶ ±vëf eujf b]jbų+ cf/ư leŋ" cfdƃ]l; -
æ;fw', leŋj], leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ cųljkƸų kŝj]lŋtf xált. ;fw', leŋj], leŋ' sŽn]g sŽn+ k/ljkƸų»k]0 cų;ƕƸų»
k/;ƕƸų kŝj]lŋtf xált. cŪlx, leŋj], c;źƙ]lx clee"tá kl/oflbƉlrųá b]jbųá cfkflosŽ] g]/losŽ] sƍŪá ct]lsŞá. std]lx
cŪlxĠ nfe]g lx, leŋj], clee"tá kl/oflbƉlrųá b]jbųá cfkflosŽ] g]/losŽ] sƍŪá ct]lsŞá¶ cnfe]g, leŋj]»k]0 o;]g, leŋj]
co;]g, leŋj]» ;ŊŽ/]g, leŋj]» c;ŊŽ/]g, leŋj]» kflkŞtfo, leŋj]» kfkldųtfo leŋj], clee"tá kl/oflbƉlrųá b]jbųá
cfkflosŽ] g]/losŽ] sƍŪá ct]lsŞá. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx c;źƙ]lx clee"tá kl/oflbƉlrųá b]jbųá cfkflosŽ] g]/losŽ] sƍŪá
ct]lsŞá.
æ;fw', leŋj], leŋ' pƍƉ+ nfe+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljx/]Ɯ¶ pƍƉ+ cnfe+»k]0 pƍƉ+ o;+» pƍƉ+ co;+» pƍƉ+ ;ŊŽ/+»
pƍƉ+ c;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ kflkŞt+» pƍƉ+ kfkldųt+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljx/]Ɯ.
ælsť, leŋj], leŋ' cŴj;+ klŝ pƍƉ+ nfe+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljx/]Ɯ¶ pƍƉ+ cnfe+»k]0 pƍƉ+ o;+» pƍƉ+ co;+»
pƍƉ+ ;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ c;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ kflkŞt+» pƍƉ+ kfkldųt+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljx/]ƜĠ
æo+ lxƧ, leŋj], pƍƉ+ nfe+ cglee'Ɯ ljx/tá pƍş]Ɯ'+ cf;jf lj#ftkl/ńfxf, pƍƉ+ nfe+ clee'Ɯ ljx/tá Pj+; t]
cf;jf lj#ftkl/ńfxf g xálƃ. o+ lxƧ, leŋj], pƍƉ+ cnfe+»k]0 pƍƉ+ o;+» pƍƉ+ co;+» pƍƉ+ ;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ c;ŊŽ/+»
pƍƉ+ kflkŞt+» pƍƉ+ kfkldųt+ cglee'Ɯ ljx/tá pƍş]Ɯ'+ cf;jf lj#ftkl/ńfxf, pƍƉ+ kfkldųt+ clee'Ɯ ljx/tá Pj+; t]
cf;jf lj#ftkl/ńfxf g xálƃ. Ob+ ±vëf, leŋj], leŋ' cŴj;+ klŝ pƍƉ+ nfe+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljx/]Ɯ¶ pƍƉ+ cnfe+»k]0 pƍƉ+
o;+» pƍƉ+ co;+» pƍƉ+ ;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ c;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ kflkŞt+ pƍƉ+ kfkldųt+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljx/]Ɯ.
ætƨfltx, leŋj], Pj+ l;lŋtƑ+ - pƍƉ+ nfe+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljxl/Ƨfd, pƍƉ+ cnfe+»k]0 pƍƉ+ o;+» pƍƉ+ co;+»
pƍƉ+ ;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ c;ŊŽ/+» pƍƉ+ kflkŞt+» pƍƉ+ kfkldųt+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljxl/Ƨfdflt. PjlŤ já, leŋj], l;lŋtƑÆlƃ.
æPųfjtf, eƃ] pų/, dg'Ƨ];' rtƧá kl/;f - leŋ", leŋ'lgoá, pkf;sŽ, pkfl;sŽoá. gfo+ wƙkl/ofoá lslƨlť pklŪtá
û . pƮŲt', eƃ], cfoƨf pų/á Od+ wƙkl/ofo+. kl/ofk')ft', eƃ], cfoƨf pų/á Od+ wƙkl/ofo+. wf/]t', eƃ], cfoƨf
pų/á Od+ wƙkl/ofo+. cŴ;+lxtá co+, eƃ], wƙkl/ofoá cflbƔƪrl/osŽ]Ælt û . cŪd+.

9= gƆ;'ų+
9= æ‘s'þnk'ųá’lt, leŋj], gƆ+ ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ. ‘anjf’lt, leŋj], gƆ+ ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ. ‘kf;flbsŽ]’lt,
leŋj], gƆ+ ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ. ‘ltƑ/f±uëf’lt, leŋj], gƆ+ ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ. lsdţŶ, leŋj], gƆá OlƇo];' u'ųƀf/á, eáhg]
dųţ", hŽul/o+ cg'o'ųá, ;lt;ƕhţ]g ;dƉfutá, o]lx û gƆá ;ŊŽ]lt kl/k'Ű+ kl/;'ź+ Ɣƪrl/o+ rl/t'+¹ tlŶb+, leŋj], gƆƧ OlƇo];'
u'ųƀf/tfo xált. ;r] leŋj], gƆƧ k'/lŴdf lb;f cfnás]þtƑf xált, ;Ƒ+ r]t;f ;dƉfxl/ŷf gƆá k'/lŴd+ lb;+ cfnás]þlt - ‘Pj+ d]
k'/lŴd+ lb;+ cfnásotá gfleŢfbádgƧf kfksŽ cs'þ;nf wƙf cƋfƧljƧƃL’lt. Oltx tŴ ;ƕhŽgá xált.
æ;r] leŋj], gƆƧ klŞdf lb;f cfnás]þtƑf xált»k]0 pų/f lb;f cfnás]þtƑf xált» blŋ)f lb;f cfnás]þtƑf xált»
pź+ pƟás]þtƑf xált» c±wëf cánás]þtƑf xált» cg'lb;f cg'ljnás]þtƑf xált, ;Ƒ+ r]t;f ;dƉfxl/ŷf gƆá cg'lb;+ cg'ljnás]þlt -
‘Pj+ d] cg'lb;+ cg'ljnásotá gfleŢfbádgƧf kfksŽ cs'þ;nf wƙf cƋfƧljƧƃL’lt. Oltx tŴ ;ƕhŽgá xált. Ob+ ±vëf, leŋj],
gƆƧ OlƇo];' u'ųƀf/tfo xált.
ætlŶb+, leŋj], gƆƧ eáhg] dųţ'tfo xált. Ow, leŋj], gƆá kl;řf oálg;á cfxf/+ cfxf/]lt - ‘g]j bjfo g

6
dbfo g důgfo g lje";gfo, ofjb]j OdƧ sŽoƧ l&ltof ofkgfo ljƸx;"k/ltof Ɣƪrl/ofg'Ʈxfo Olt k'/f)ť j]bg+ klxřfld,
gjť j]bg+ g pƍfb]Ƨfld, ofŶf r d] eljƧlt cgjştf r mþf;'ljxf/á rf’lt. Ob+ ±vëf, leŋj], gƆƧ eáhg] dųţ'tfo xált.
ætlŶb+, leŋj], gƆƧ hŽul/ofg'oáuƸƨ xált. Ow leŋj], gƆá lbj;+ rŘd]g lg;şŽo cfj/)Lo]lx wƙ]lx lrų+
kl/;á±wëlt¶ /lųof k&d+ ofd+ rŘd]g lg;şŽo cfj/)Lo]lx wƙ]lx lrų+ kl/;á±wëlt /lųof dlŢd+ ofd+ blŋ±)ëg kƧ]g ;Lx;]Ɯ+ sƍ]lt
kfb] kfb+ cŝfwfo ;tá ;ƕhŽgá pŪfg;ţ+ dgl; sl/ŷf¶ /lųof klŞd+ ofd+ kŝ'Ūfo rŘd]g lg;şŽo cfj/)Lo]lx wƙ]lx lrų+
kl/;á±wëlt. Ob+ ±vëf, leŋj], gƆƧ hŽul/ofg'oáuƸƨ xált.
ætlŶb+, leŋj], gƆƧ ;lt;ƕhţƸƨ xált. Ow, leŋj], gƆƧ ljlbtf j]bgf pƍşlƃ, ljlbtf pkŪxlƃ, ljlbtf cưŴ+
uŞlƃ¶ ljlbtf ;ţf»k]0 ljlbtf ljtŊŽ»k]0 cưŴ+ uŞlƃ. Ob+ ±vëf, leŋj], gƆƧ ;lt;ƕhţƸƨ xált.
ælsdţŶ, leŋj], gƆá OlƇo];' u'ųƀf/á, eáhg] dųţ", hŽul/o+ cg'o'ųá ;lt;ƕhţ]g ;dƉfutá, o]lx gƆá ;ŊŽ]lt
kl/k'Ű+ kl/;'ź+ Ɣƪrl/o+ rl/t'Ælƃ¹ gjd+.

10= sŽ/ůj;'ų+
10= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf rƕfo+ ljx/lt uƮ/fo káŋ/l)of tL/]. t]g ±vëf kg ;do]g leŋ" leŋ'+ cfklųof ráb]lƃ. ;á leŋ'
leŋ"lx cfklųof rálbodfgá cţ]gfţ+ klr/lt, alxźf sy+ ckgfd]lt, sŽ]kť bá;ť cƍŝoť kft's/ált.
cy ±vëf eujf leŋ" cfdƃ]l; - ælgźd±yët+ leŋj], k'Ʈn+¶ lgźd±yët+, leŋj], k'Ʈn+. ckg]Ɯ];á û , leŋj], k'Ʈná. Ƹs
já t]g k/k'ų]g lj;álwt]g û ¹ Ow leŋj], PsŝƧ k'ƮnƧ tflb;+o]j xált cleŊƃ+ klŊƃ+ cfnálst+ ljnálst+ ;ldlŧt+ k;fl/t+
;ŜflkųrLj/wf/)+, ;]Ɯyflk cţ];+ eŹsŽg+ leŋ"g+ - ofjƧ leŋ" cfkƸų g kƧlƃ. otá r őƧ leŋ" cfkƸų kƧlƃ, td]g+ Pj+
hŽglƃ - ‘;d)b";Ljfo+ û ;d)knfká ;d)sŽ/ůjá’lt û . td]g+ Olt ljlbŷf alxźf gf;]lƃ. t+ lsƧ x]t'Ġ df cţ] eŹs]þ leŋ"
b";];LÆlt¹
æ;]Ɯyflk, leŋj], ;ƕƉ] ojs/±)ë ojb";L û hŽo]y ojknfká ojsŽ/ůjált. tƧ tflb;+o]j d"n+ xált, ;]Ɯyflk cţ];+
eŹsŽg+ ojfg+¶ tflb;+o]j gfń+ xált, ;]Ɯyflk cţ];+ eŹsŽg+ ojfg+¶ tflb;+o]j kų+ xált, ;]Ɯyflk cţ];+ eŹsŽg+ ojfg+ - ofjƧ ;L;+
g lgƑųlt. otá r őƧ ;L;+ lgƑųlt, td]g+ Pj+ hŽglƃ - ‘ojb";Ljfo+ ojknfká ojsŽ/ůjá’lt td]g+ Olt ljlbŷf ;d"n+
pƍf]ŷf alxźf ojs/)Ƨ %ū]lƃ. t+ lsƧ x]t'Ġ df cţ] eŹs]þ oj] b";];Llt¹
æPjd]j+ ±vëf, leŋj], O±wësŝƧ k'ƮnƧ tflb;+o]j xált cleŊƃ+ klŊƃ+ cfnálst+ ljnálst+ ;ldlŧt+ k;fl/t+
;ŜflkųrLj/wf/)+, ;]Ɯyflk cţ];+ eŹsŽg+ leŋ"g+ - ofjƧ leŋ" cfkƸų g kƧlƃ. otá r őƧ leŋ" cfkƸų kƧlƃ, td]g+ Pj+
hŽglƃ - ‘;d)b";Ljfo+ ;d)knfká ;d)sŽ/ůjá’lt. td]g+ Olt ljlbŷf alxźf gf;]lƃ. t+ lsƧ x]t'Ġ df cţ] eŹs]þ leŋ"
b";];Llt.
æ;]Ɯyflk, leŋj], dxtá wţ/fl;Ƨ m'þ)dfgƧ û tŴ oflg tflg wţflg bŃÜflg ;f/jƃflg tflg Psdƃ+ k'ŧ+ xált, oflg
kg tflg wţflg b'Ƒnflg knfkflg tflg jftá Psdƃ+ ckjxlt û . td]g+ ;fldsŽ ;ƙşƸg ux]ŷf leƜá;ádųfo ck;ƙşlƃ. t+
lsƧ x]t'Ġ df cţ] eŹs]þ wţ] b";];Llt¹ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, leŋj], O±wësŝƧ k'ƮnƧ tflb;+o]j xált cleŊƃ+ klŊƃ+ cfnálst+ ljnálst+
;ldlŧt+ k;fl/t+ ;ŜflkųrLj/wf/)+, ;]Ɯyflk cţ];+ eŹsŽg+ leŋ"g+ - ofjƧ leŋ" cfkƸų g kƧlƃ. otá r őƧ leŋ" cfkƸų
kƧlƃ, td]g+ Pj+ hŽglƃ - ‘;d)b";Ljfo+ ;d)knfká ;d)sŽ/ůjá’lt. td]g+ Olt ljlbŷf alxźf gf;]lƃ. t+ lsƧ x]t'Ġ df cţ]
eŹs]þ leŋ" b";];Llt.
æ;]Ɯyflk, leŋj], k'l/;á pbkfgkgflńolŴsŽ] ltŲ+ s'þ&fƸ/ û cfbfo jg+ klj;]Ɯ. ;á o+ ob]j ?ŋ+ s'þ&fl/kf;]g cfsŽ]]Ɯ
tŴ oflg tflg ?ŋflg bŃÜflg ;f/jƃflg tflg s'þ&fl/kf;]g cfsŽ]ltflg sŋń+ klgblƃ¶ oflg kg tflg ?ŋflg cƃák"tLlg
cjƧ'tflg s;Ɨ'hŽtflg tflg s'þ&fl/kf;]g cfsŽ]ltflg bŹ/+ klgblƃ. td]g+ d"n] l%Ɔlt, d"n] l%lƆŷf c±Ʈë l%Ɔlt, c±Ʈë l%lƆŷf
cƃá ;'lj;álwt+ lj;á±wëlt, cƃá ;'lj;álwt+ lj;á±wëŷf pbkfgkgfƸń oáh]lt. Pjd]j+ ±vëf, leŋj] O±wësŝƧ k'ƮnƧ tflb;+o]j xált
cleŊƃ+ klŊƃ+ cfnálst+ ljnálst+ ;ldlŧt+ k;fl/t+ ;ŜflkųrLj/wf/)+, ;]Ɯyflk cţ];+ eŹsŽg+ leŋ"g+ - ofjƧ leŋ" cfkƸų g
kƧlƃ. otá r őƧ leŋ" cfkƸų kƧlƃ, td]g+ Pj+ hŽglƃ - ‘;d)b";Ljfo+ ;d)knfká ;d)sŽ/ůjá’lt. td]g+ Olt ljlbŷf
alxźf gf;]lƃ. t+ lsƧ x]t'Ġ df cţ] eŹs]þ leŋ" b";];LÆlt.
æ;+jf;fo+ ljhŽgfy, kflkŞá sŽ]wgá Olt.
dŋL yƘL kńf;L r, OƧ'sL dŞ/L ;±&ëfĶ
æ;ƃjfrá hgjlt, ;d±)ëf ljo ef;lt.
/xá s/ált s/)+, kfklblŪ cgfb/áĶ
æ;+;ƍL r d';fjfbL, t+ ljlbŷf oyfty+.
;Ƒ] ;dƮf x'ŷfg, clelgƑşofy û g+Ķ
æsŽ/ůj+ û lgźdy, s;Ɨ'+ cksƧy û .
ttá knfk] jfx]y, cƧd±)ë ;d)dflgg]Ķ
ælgźldŷfg kflkŞ], kfkcfrf/±uëfr/].
;'źf;'ź]lx ;+jf;+, sƍoƢá kltƧtf.
ttá ;dƮf lgksŽ, b'ŋƧƃ+ sl/ƧyfÆltĶ b;d+.

7
d]ųfj±Ʈëf k&dá.

tƧ'Źfg+ -
d]ų+ kţf r ƀ] lkof, ƀ] násŽ ƀ] ljklųoá.
b]jbųá r pų/á, gƆá sŽ/ůj]g rfltĶ

2= dxfj±Ʈëf

1= j]/ŧ;'ų+
11= û Pj+ d] ;'t+ - Ps+þ ;do+ eujf j]/ŧfo+ ljx/lt gń]?k'lrdƆd"n]. cy ±vëf j]/ŧá Ɣfƪ±)ëf o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶
pk;Řldŷf eujtf ;Ƹź ;ƙálb. ;ƙábgLo+ sy+ ;f/)Lo+ û jLlt;f/]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf j]/ŧá Ɣfƪ±)ëf eujƃ+
Ptbjár -
æ;'t+ d]t+, eá ±uëftd - ‘g ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá Ɣfƪ±)ë lhŰ] j'Ŭ] dxƟs]þ cźut] joácg'ƍų] clejfb]lt jf kŝ'Ūl] t jf cf;g]g
jf lgdƃ]tL’lt. tlob+, eá ±uëftd, t±yëj. g lx ej+ ±uëftdá Ɣfƪ±)ë lhŰ] j'Ŭ] dxƟs]þ cźut] joácg'ƍų] clejfb]lt jf kŝ'Ū]lt
jf cf;g]g jf lgdƃ]lt. tlob+, eá ±uëftd, g ;ƕƉd]jfÆlt. ægfx+ t+, Ɣfƪ), kƧfld ;b]js]þ nás]þ ;df/s]þ ;Ɣƪs]þ
;Ƨd)Ɣfƪl)of khŽo ;b]jdg'Ƨfo odx+ clejfb]Ɯ+ jf kŝ'Ū]Ɯ+ jf cf;g]g jf lgdƃ]Ɯ+. olŤ, Ɣfƪ), tyfutá clejfb]Ɯ jf kŝ'Ū]Ɯ
jf cf;g]g jf lgdƃ]Ɯ, d'źflk tƧ ljkt]ƜfÆlt.
æc/;¿ká ej+ ±uëftdáÆlt¹ æclŴ ő];, Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘c/;¿ká ;d±)ëf
±uëftdá’lt. o] t], Ɣfƪ), ¿k/;f ;Ź/;f uƈ/;f /;/;f mþáŪƑ/;f, t] tyfutƧ kxLgf plŞƉd"nf tfnfjŴ'stf cgefj+stf û
cfoƸt cg'ƍfbwƙf. co+ ±vëf, Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘c/;¿ká ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá’lt, gá r ±vëf
o+ ŷ+ ;ƈfo jb];LÆlt û .
ælgưá±uëf ej+ ±uëftdáÆlt¹ æclŴ ő];, Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘lgưá±uëf ;d±)ëf
±uëftdá’lt. o] t], Ɣfƪ), ¿keáuf ;Źeáuf uƈeáuf /;eáuf mþáŪƑeáuf, t] tyfutƧ kxLgf plŞƉd"nf tfnfjŴ'stf cgefj+stf
cfoƸt cg'ƍfbwƙf. co+ ±vëf, Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘lgưá±uëf ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá’lt, gá r ±vëf o+
ŷ+ ;ƈfo jb];LÆlt.
æclsl/ojfbá ej+ ±uëftdáÆlt¹ æclŴ ő];, Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘clsl/ojfbá
;d±)ëf ±uëftdá’lt. cxlŤ, Ɣfƪ), clsl/o+ jbfld sŽob'ŝl/tƧ jrLb'ŝl/tƧ dgáb'ŝl/tƧ¶ cg]sljlxtfg+ kfksŽg+ cs'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+
clsl/o+ jbfld. co+ ±vëf, Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘clsl/ojfbá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá’lt, gá r ±vëf
o+ ŷ+ ;ƈfo jb];LÆlt.
æpŞ]bjfbá ej+ ±uëftdáÆlt¹ æclŴ ő];, Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘pŞ]bjfbá ;d±)ëf
±uëftdá’lt. cxlŤ, Ɣfƪ), pŞ]b+ jbfld /fuƧ bá;Ƨ dáxƧ¶ cg]sljlxtfg+ kfksŽg+ cs'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ pŞ]b+ jbfld. co+ ±vëf,
Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘pŞ]bjfbá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá’lt, gá r ±vëf o+ ŷ+ ;ƈfo jb];LÆlt.
æh]u'ŞL ej+ ±uëftdáÆlt¹ æclŴ ő];, Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘h]u'ŞL ;d±)ëf
±uëftdá’lt. cxlŤ, Ɣfƪ), lhu'Şfld sŽob'ŝl/t]g jrLb'ŝl/t]g dgáb'ŝl/t]g¶ lhu'Şfld cg]sljlxtfg+ kfksŽg+ cs'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+
;dfklųof. co+ ±vëf, Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘h]u'ŞL ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá’lt, gá r ±vëf o+ ŷ+ ;ƈfo
jb];LÆlt.
æj]glosŽ] ej+ ±uëftdáÆlt¹ æclŴ ő];, Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘j]glosŽ] ;d±)ëf
±uëftdá’lt. cxlŤ, Ɣfƪ), ljgofo wƙ+ b];]ld /fuƧ bá;Ƨ dáxƧ¶ cg]sljlxtfg+ kfksŽg+ cs'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ ljgofo wƙ+ b];]ld.
co+ ±vëf, Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘j]glosŽ] ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá’lt, gá r ±vëf o+ ŷ+ ;ƈfo jb];LÆlt.
ætkƧL ej+ ±uëftdáÆlt¹ æclŴ ő];, Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘tkƧL ;d±)ëf
±uëftdá’lt. tkgLofx+ Ɣfƪ), kfks]þ cs'þ;n] wƙ] jbfld sŽob'ŝl/t+ jrLb'ŝl/t+ dgáb'ŝl/t+. oƧ ±vëf, Ɣfƪ), tkgLof kfksŽ
cs'þ;nf wƙf kxLgf plŞƉd"nf tfnfjŴ'stf cgefj+stf cfoƸt cg'ƍfbwƙf, tdx+ ‘tkƧL’lt jbfld. tyfutƧ ±vëf, Ɣfƪ),
tkgLof kfksŽ cs'þ;nf wƙf kxLgf plŞƉd"nf tfnfjŴ'stf cgefj+stf cfoƸt cg'ƍfbwƙf. co+ ±vëf, Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+
kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘tkƧL ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá’lt, gá r ±vëf o+ ŷ+ ;ƈfo jb];LÆlt.
æckuưá ej+ ±uëftdáÆlt¹ æclŴ ő];, Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘ckuưá ;d±)ëf
±uëftdá’lt. oƧ ±vëf, Ɣfƪ), cfoƸt uư;]Ɯf k'gưjflelgƑlų kxLgf plŞƉd"nf tfnfjŴ'stf cgefj+stf cfoƸt cg'ƍfbwƙf tdx+
‘ckuưá’lt jbfld. tyfutƧ ±vëf, Ɣfƪ) cfoƸt uư;]Ɯf k'gưjflelgƑlų kxLgf plŞƉd"nf tfnfjŴ'stf cgefj+stf cfoƸt
cg'ƍfbwƙf. co+ ±vëf, Ɣfƪ), kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘ckuưá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá’lt, gá r ±vëf o+ ŷ+
;ƈfo jb]l;.
æ;]Ɯyflk, Ɣfƪ), s'þŊ'þlof cůflg cŪ jf b; jf ƀfb; jf. tfgfƧ' s'þŊ'þlof ;ƙf clw;lotflg ;ƙf kl/;]lbtflg ;ƙf

8
kl/efljtflg. oá g' ±vëf t];+ s'þŊ'þŞfksŽg+ k&dt/+ kfbgvl;vfo jf d'vt'ůs]þg jf cůsŽ];+ kbfn]ŷf ;álŴgf clelglưş]Ɯ, lslƃ
ƩfƧ jrgLoá - ‘h]Ūá jf slgŪá jf’ÆltĠ æh]Ūá ltƧ, eá ±uëftd, jrgLoá. ;á lx g];+, eá ±uëftd, h]Ūá xátLÆlt.
æPjd]j+ ±vëf cx+, Ɣfƪ), cljşŽutfo khŽo cůe"tfo kl/oágźfo cljşůsŽ];+ kbfn]ŷf PsŽ]j nás]þ cg'ų/+ ;ƙf;ƗáƸw
cle;Ɨ'źá. cxlŤ, Ɣfƪ) h]Ūá ;]Ūá násƧ. cf/ź+ ±vëf kg d], Ɣfƪ), jLl/o+ cxál; c;ƟLg+, pklŪtf ;lt c;ƙ'Ūf, kƧźá sŽoá
c;f/źá, ;dflxt+ lrų+ PsƮ+.
æ;á ±vëf cx+, Ɣfƪ), ljljŝ]j sŽd]lx ljljŝ cs'þ;n]lx wƙ]lx ;ljtŊ+þ ;ljrf/+ ljj]sh+ kLlt;'v+ k&d+ ´fg+ pk;ƕş
ljx/fld¶ ljtŊljrf/fg+ j"k;df cŢų+ ;ƕ;fbg+ r]t;á PsŽ]lbefj+ cljtŊ+þ cljrf/+ ;dflwh+ kLlt;'v+ b'lto+ ´fg+ pk;ƕş ljx/fld¶
kLltof r lj/fuf pk]ŋsŽ] r ljx/fld ;tá r ;ƕhŽgá ;'vť sŽo]g kl;+j]b]ld o+ t+ cl/of cflrŋlƃ - ‘pk]ŋsŽ] ;ltdf
;'vljxf/L’lt tlto+ ´fg+ pk;ƕş ljx/fld¶ ;'vƧ r kxfgf b'ŋƧ r kxfgf k'Ƒ]j ;ádgƧbádgƧfg+ cŴśdf cb'ŋd;'v+
pk]ŋf;ltkfl/;'Ƹź rt'Ŵ+ ´fg+ pk;ƕş ljx/fld.
æ;á Pj+ ;dflxt] lrų] kl/;'ź] kl/oábft] cgś±)ë ljut"klŊn];] d'b'e"t] sƙlgo] l&t] cfg]ŧƍų] k'Ƒ]lgjf;fg'Ƨlt`f)fo
lrų+ clelgƉfd]Ƹ;. ;á cg]sljlxt+ k'Ƒ]lgjf;+ cg'Ƨ/fld, ;]Ɯlyb+ - Pslƕ hŽƸt ƀ]lk hŽltoá ltƧálk hŽltoá rtƧálk hŽltoá kťlk
hŽltoá b;lk hŽltoá jL;lƕ hŽltoá Ƹt;lƕ hŽltoá rųfnL;lƕ hŽltoá kţf;lƕ hŽltoá hŽlt;tlƕ hŽlt;xƧlƕ hŽlt;t;xƧlƕ cg]s]þlk
;+jũsƍ] cg]s]þlk ljjũsƍ] cg]s]þlk ;+jũljjũsƍ] - ‘cd'ŶfƸ; Pj+gfdá Pj+±uëfųá Pj+jŰá Pjdfxf/á Pj+;'vb'ŋƍl;+j]bL
Pjdfo'kl/oƃá. ;á ttá r'tá cd'Ŷ pbkfƸb¶ tŶfkfƸ; Pj+gfdá Pj+±uëfųá Pj+jŰá Pjdfxf/á Pj+;'vb'ŋƍl;+j]bL Pjdfo'kl/oƃá.
;á ttá r'tá Ow"kkƉá’lt. Olt ;fsŽ/+ ;pŹ];+ cg]sljlxt+ k'Ƒ]lgjf;+ cg'Ƨ/fld.
æco+ ±vëf d], Ɣfƪ), /lųof k&d] ofd] k&df ljşŽ clwutf¶ cljşŽ ljxtf ljşŽ pƍƉf¶ tdá ljxtá cfnásŽ] pƍƉá, oyf
t+ cƍdųƧ cftflkgá klxtųƧ ljx/tá. co+ ±vëf d], Ɣfƪ), k&df clelglưbf cxál; s'þŊ'þŞfksƧ]j cůsŽ];ƛf.
æ;á Pj+ ;dflxt] lrų] kl/;'ź] kl/oábft] cgś±)ë ljut"klŊn];] d'b'e"t] sƙlgo] l&t] cfg]ŧƍų] ;ųfg+ r't"kkft`f)fo
lrų+ clelgƉfd]Ƹ;. ;á lbƑ]g rŋ'gf lj;'ź]g cltŊƃdfg';s]þg ;ų] kƧfld rjdfg] pkkşdfg] xLg] k)Lt] ;'jŰ] b'ƑŰ], ;'ut] b'Ʈt]
oyfsƙ"k±uë ;ų] khŽgfld - ‘Od] jt eáƃá ;ųf sŽob'ŝl/t]g ;dƉfutf, jrLb'ŝl/t]g ;dƉfutf, dgáb'ŝl/t]g ;dƉfutf, cl/ofg+
pkjfbsŽ, ldŞflblŪsŽ, ldŞflblŪsƙ;dfbfgf. t] sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f ckfo+ b'ƮƸt ljlgkft+ lg/o+ pkkƉflt. Od] jf kg
eáƃá ;ųf sŽo;'rl/t]g ;dƉfutf, jrL;'rl/t]g ;dƉfutf, dgá;'rl/t]g ;dƉfutf, cl/ofg+ cg'kjfbsŽ, ;ƙflblŪsŽ,
;ƙflblŪsƙ;dfbfgf. t] sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f ;'uƸt ;Ʈ+ nás+þ pkkƉf’lt. Olt lbƑ]g rŋ'gf lj;'ź]g cltŊƃdfg';s]þg ;ų]
kƧfld rjdfg] pkkşdfg] xLg] k)Lt] ;'jŰ] b'ƑŰ], ;'ut] b'Ʈt] oyfsƙ"k±uë ;ų] khŽgfld.
æco+ ±vëf d], Ɣfƪ), /lųof dlŢd] ofd] b'ltof ljşŽ clwutf¶ cljşŽ ljxtf ljşŽ pƍƉf¶ tdá ljxtá cfnásŽ] pƍƉá,
oyf t+ cƍdųƧ cftflkgá klxtųƧ ljx/tá. co+ ±vëf d], Ɣfƪ), b'ltof clelglưbf cxál; s'þŊ'þŞfksƧ]j cůsŽ];ƛf.
æ;á Pj+ ;dflxt] lrų] kl/;'ź] kl/oábft] cgś±)ë ljut"klŊn];] d'b'e"t] sƙlgo] l&t] cfg]ŧƍų] cf;jfg+ vo`f)fo lrų+
clelgƉfd]Ƹ;. ;á ‘Ob+ b'ŋ’lƃ oyfe"t+ cưţfƸ;, ‘co+ b'ŋ;d'boá’lt oyfe"t+ cưţfƸ;, ‘co+ b'ŋlg/á±wëf’lt oyfe"t+ cưţfƸ;,
‘co+ b'ŋlg/áwufldgL klkbf’lt oyfe"t+ cưţfƸ;¶ ‘Od] cf;jf’lt oyfe"t+ cưţfƸ;, ‘co+ cf;j;d'boá’lt oyfe"t+ cưţfƸ;,
‘co+ cf;jlg/á±wëf’lt oyfe"t+ cưţfƸ;, ‘co+ cf;jlg/áwufldgL klkbf’lt oyfe"t+ cưţfƸ;. tƧ d] Pj+ hŽgtá Pj+ kƧtá
sŽdf;jflk lrų+ ljd'lŝŴ, ejf;jflk lrų+ ljd'lŝŴ, cljşŽ;jflk lrų+ ljd'lŝŴ. ljd'ųƸƨ ljd'ųldlt `f)+ cxál;. ‘vL)f hŽlt,
j'l;t+ Ɣƪrl/o+, st+ s/)Lo+, gfk/+ OŴųfof’lt cưţfƸ;.
æco+ ±vëf d], Ɣfƪ), /lųof klŞd] ofd] tltof ljşŽ clwutf¶ cljşŽ ljxtf ljşŽ pƍƉf¶ tdá ljxtá cfnásŽ] pƍƉá oyf
t+ cƍdųƧ cftflkgá klxtųƧ ljx/tá. co+ ±vëf d], Ɣfƪ), tltof clelglưbf cxál; s'þŊ'þŞfksƧ]j cůsŽ];ƛfÆlt.
Pj+ j'ų] j]/ŧá Ɣfƪ±)ëf eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æh]Ūá ej+ ±uëftdá, ;]Ūá ej+ ±uëftdá. cleŊƃ+, eá ±uëftd, cleŊƃ+, eá
±uëftd¹ ;]Ɯyflk, eá ±uëftd, lgŊ'þlşt+ û jf pŊ'þş]Ɯ, klŞƉ+ jf ljj/]Ɯ, d"ŃÜƧ jf dƮ+ cflrŋ]Ɯ, cƈsŽ/] jf t]nkşát+ wf/]Ɯ -
rŋ'dƃá ¿kflg bŋƃLlt¶ Pjd]j+ eátf ±uëftd]g cg]skl/ofo]g wƙá ksŽl;tá. P;fx+ ejƃ+ ±uëftd+ ;/)+ uŞfld wƙť leŋ';Ŝť.
pkf;s+þ d+ ej+ ±uëftdá wf/]t' cşt±Ʈë kf)'k]t+ ;/)+ utÆlƃ. k&d+.

2= ;Lx;'ų+
12= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf j];flno+ ljx/lt dxfjg] s"þfuf/;fnfo+. t]g ±vëf kg ;do]g ;Ɨx'nf cleţftf cleţftf lnŞjL
;ƅfuf/] û ;lƉl;Ɖf ;lƉklttf cg]skl/ofo]g a'źƧ jŰ+ ef;lƃ, wƙƧ jŰ+ ef;lƃ, ;ŜƧ jŰ+ ef;lƃ.
t]g ±vëf kg ;do]g ;Lxá ;]gfklt lguŮ;fjsŽ] tƧ+ kl/;fo+ lgl;Ɖá xált. cy ±vëf ;LxƧ ;]gfkltƧ Ptbxál; -
ælgƧ+;o+ ±vëf ;á eujf c/x+ ;ƙf;Ɨ'źá eljƧlt, tyf lxd] ;Ɨx'nf cleţftf cleţftf lnŞjL ;ƅfuf/] ;lƉl;Ɖf ;lƉklttf
cg]skl/ofo]g a'źƧ jŰ+ ef;lƃ, wƙƧ jŰ+ ef;lƃ, ;ŜƧ jŰ+ ef;lƃ. o+g"gfx+ t+ eujƃ+ bƧgfo pk;Řd]Ɯ+ c/xƃ+
;ƙf;Ɨ'źÆlƃ. cy ±vëf ;Lxá ;]gfklt o]g lgu±Ůëf gfk'ųá û t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf lguŮ+ gfk'ų+ Ptbjár - æOŞfdx+, eƃ],
;d)+ ±uëftd+ bƧgfo pk;Řldt'Ælƃ.
æƸs kg ŷ+, ;Lx, lsl/ojfbá ;dfgá clsl/ojfb+ ;d)+ ±uëftd+ bƧgfo pk;ŘldƧl;Ġ ;d±)ëf lx, ;Lx, ±uëftdá
clsl/ojfbá, clsl/ofo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r ;fjs]þ ljg]tLÆlt. cy ±vëf ;LxƧ ;]gfkltƧ oá cxál; uldofle;řf/á û eujƃ+
bƧgfo, ;á klƍƧlƘ.
b'ltolƕ ±vëf ;Ɨx'nf cleţftf cleţftf lnŞjL ;ƅfuf/] ;lƉl;Ɖf ;lƉklttf cg]skl/ofo]g a'źƧ»k]0 wƙƧ»k]0 ;ŜƧ
jŰ+ ef;lƃ. b'ltolƕ ±vëf ;LxƧ ;]gfkltƧ Ptbxál; - ælgƧ+;o+ ±vëf ;á eujf c/x+ ;ƙf;Ɨ'źá eljƧlt, tyf lxd] ;Ɨx'nf

9
cleţftf cleţftf lnŞjL ;ƅfuf/] ;lƉl;Ɖf ;lƉklttf cg]skl/ofo]g a'źƧ jŰ+ ef;lƃ, wƙƧ»k]0 ;ŜƧ jŰ+ ef;lƃ. o+g"gfx+ t+
eujƃ+ bƧgfo pk;Řd]Ɯ+ c/xƃ+ ;ƙf;Ɨ'źÆlƃ. cy ±vëf ;Lxá ;]gfklt o]g lgu±Ůëf gfk'ųá t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf lguŮ+
gfk'ų+ Ptbjár - æOŞfdx+, eƃ], ;d)+ ±uëftd+ bƧgfo pk;Řldt'Ælƃ.
æƸs kg ŷ+, ;Lx, lsl/ojfbá ;dfgá clsl/ojfb+ ;d)+ ±uëftd+ bƧgfo pk;ŘldƧl;Ġ ;d±)ëf lx, ;Lx, ±uëftdá
clsl/ojfbá clsl/ofo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r ;fjs]þ ljg]tLÆlt. b'ltolƕ ±vëf ;LxƧ ;]gfkltƧ oá cxál; uldofle;řf/á eujƃ+
bƧgfo, ;á klƍƧlƘ.
tltolƕ ±vëf ;Ɨx'nf cleţftf cleţftf lnŞjL ;ƅfuf/] ;lƉl;Ɖf ;lƉklttf cg]skl/ofo]g a'źƧ»k]0 wƙƧ»k]0 ;ŜƧ
jŰ+ ef;lƃ. tltolƕ ±vëf ;LxƧ ;]gfkltƧ Ptbxál; - ælgƧ+;o+ ±vëf ;á eujf c/x+ ;ƙf;Ɨ'źá eljƧlt, tyf lxd] ;Ɨx'nf
cleţftf cleţftf lnŞjL ;ƅfuf/] ;lƉl;Ɖf ;lƉklttf cg]skl/ofo]g a'źƧ jŰ+ ef;lƃ, wƙƧ jŰ+ ef;lƃ, ;ŜƧ jŰ+ ef;lƃ. Ƹs
lxd] sl/Ƨlƃ lguŮf cknálstf jf cgknálstf jfĠ o+g"gfx+ cgknás]þŷfj lguŮ] û t+ eujƃ+ bƧgfo pk;Řd]Ɯ+ c/xƃ+
;ƙf;Ɨ'źÆlƃ.
cy ±vëf ;Lxá ;]gfklt kťdų]lx /y;t]lx lbjflbjƧ j];flnof lgƜfl; eujƃ+ bƧgfo. ofjltsŽ ofgƧ e"ld, ofg]g
uƄf ofgf kŝá/álxŷf klųsŽ]j cudfl;. cy ±vëf ;Lxá ;]gfklt o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+
lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf ;Lxá ;]gfklt eujƃ+ Ptbjár -
æ;'t+ d]t+, eƃ] - ‘clsl/ojfbá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, clsl/ofo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’lt. o] t], eƃ], Pjdfx+;'
- ‘clsl/ojfbá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, clsl/ofo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’lt, slŝ t], eƃ], eujtá j'ųjflbgá g r eujƃ+
ce"t]g cưflrŋlƃ wƙƧ rfg'wƙ+ Ɠfs/álƃ g r sŽl] r ;xwlƙsŽ] jfbfg'jfbá û uf/ƞ+ &fg+ cfuŞltĠ cgưŋft'sŽdf lx do+, eƃ],
eujƃÆlƃ.
æclŴ, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘clsl/ojfbá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, clsl/ofo wƙ+ b];]lt,
t]g r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’Ælt
æclŴ, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘lsl/ojfbá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, lsl/ofo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g
r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’Ælt.
æclŴ, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘pŞ]bjfbá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, pŞ]bfo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r
;fjs]þ ljg]tL’Ælt.
æclŴ, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘h]uŞ' L ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, h]u'lŞtfo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r
;fjs]þ ljg]tL’Ælt.
æclŴ ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘j]glosŽ] ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, ljgofo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r
;fjs]þ ljg]tL’Ælt.
æclŴ ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘tkƧL ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, tklƧtfo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r
;fjs]þ ljg]tL’Ælt.
æclŴ, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘ckuưá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, ckuưtfo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r
;fjs]þ ljg]tL’Ælt.
æclŴ, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘cƧf;sŽ] ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, cƧf;fo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r
;fjs]þ ljg]tL’Ælt.
æstdá r, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘clsl/ojfbá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, clsl/ofo wƙ+
b];]lt, t]g r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’ltĠ cxlŤ, ;Lx, clsl/o+ jbfld sŽob'ŝl/tƧ jrLb'ŝl/tƧ dgáb'ŝl/tƧ¶ cg]sljlxtfg+ kfksŽg+
cs'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ clsl/o+ jbfld. co+ ±vëf, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘clsl/ojfbá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá,
clsl/ofo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’Ælt.
æstdá r, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘lsl/ojfbá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, lsl/ofo wƙ+ b];]lt,
t]g r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’ltĠ cxlŤ, ;Lx, lsl/o+ jbfld sŽo;'rl/tƧ jrL;'rl/tƧ dgá;'rl/tƧ¶ cg]sljlxtfg+ s'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ lsl/o+
jbfld. co+ ±vëf, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘lsl/ojfbá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, lsl/ofo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g
r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’Ælt.
æstdá r, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘pŞ]bjfbá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, pŞ]bfo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g
r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’ltĠ cxlŤ, ;Lx, pŞ]b+ jbfld /fuƧ bá;Ƨ dáxƧ¶ cg]sljlxtfg+ kfksŽg+ cs'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ pŞ]b+ jbfld. co+
±vëf, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘pŞ]bjfbá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, pŞ]bfo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r ;fjs]þ
ljg]tL’Ælt.
æstdá r, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘h]u'ŞL ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, h]u'lŞtfo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g
r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’ltĠ cxlŤ, ;Lx, lhu'Şfld sŽob'ŝl/t]g jrLb'ŝl/t]g dgáb'ŝl/t]g¶ lhu'Şfld cg]sljlxtfg+ kfksŽg+ cs'þ;nfg+
wƙfg+ ;dfklųof. co+ ±vëf, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘h]u'ŞL ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, h]u'lŞtfo wƙ+ b];]lt,
t]g r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’Ælt.
æstdá r, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘j]glosŽ] ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, ljgofo wƙ+ b];l] t, t]g
r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’ltĠ cxlŤ, ;Lx, ljgofo wƙ+ b];]ld /fuƧ bá;Ƨ dáxƧ¶ cg]sljlxtfg+ kfksŽg+ cs'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ ljgofo wƙ+
b];]ld. co+ ±vëf, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘j]glosŽ] ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, ljgofo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r
;fjs]þ ljg]tL’Ælt.

10
æstdá r, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘tkƧL ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, tklƧtfo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g
r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’ltĠ tkgLofx+, ;Lx, kfks]þ cs'þ;n] wƙ] jbfld sŽob'ŝl/t+ jrLb'ŝl/t+ dgáb'ŝl/t+. oƧ ±vëf, ;Lx, tkgLof
kfksŽ cs'þ;nf wƙf kxLgf plŞƉd"nf tfnfjŴ'stf cgefj+stf cfoƸt cg'ƍfbwƙf, tdx+ ‘tkƧL’lt jbfld. tyfutƧ ±vëf, ;Lx,
tkgLof kfksŽ cs'þ;nf wƙf kxLgf plŞƉd"nf tfnfjŴ'stf cgefj+stf cfoƸt cg'ƍfbwƙf. co+ ±vëf, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+
kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘tkƧL ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, tklƧtfo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’Ælt.
æstdá r, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘ckuưá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, ckuưtfo wƙ+ b];]lt,
t]g r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’ltĠ oƧ ±vëf ;Lx, cfoƸt uư;]Ɯf k'gưjflelgƑlų kxLgf plŞƉd"nf tfnfjŴ'stf cgefj+stf cfoƸt
cg'ƍfbwƙf, tdx+ ‘ckuưá’lt jbfld. tyfutƧ ±vëf, ;Lx, cfoƸt uư;]Ɯf k'gưjflelgƑlų kxLgf plŞƉd"nf tfnfjŴ'stf
cgefj+stf cfoƸt cg'ƍfbwƙf. co+ ±vëf, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘ckuưá ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá,
ckuưtfo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’Ælt.
æstdá r, ;Lx, kl/ofoá, o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘cƧf;sŽ] ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, cƧf;fo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g
r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’ltĠ cxlŤ, ;Lx, cƧf;sŽ] k/d]g cƧf;]g, cƧf;fo wƙ+ b];]ld, t]g r ;fjs]þ ljg]ld. co+ ±vëf, ;Lx, kl/ofoá,
o]g d+ kl/ofo]g ;ƙf jbdfgá jb]Ɯ - ‘cƧf;sŽ] ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá, cƧf;fo wƙ+ b];]lt, t]g r ;fjs]þ ljg]tL’Ælt.
Pj+ j'ų] ;Lxá ;]gfklt eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æcleŊƃ+, eƃ], cleŊƃ+, eƃ]»k]0 pkf;s+þ d+, eƃ], eujf wf/]t' cşt±Ʈë
kf)'k]t+ ;/)+ utÆlƃ.
æcg'ljŝsŽ/+ ±vëf, ;Lx, s/álx. cg'ljŝsŽ/á t'ƛflb;fg+ `ftdg'Ƨfg+ ;fw' xátLÆlt. æOldgfkfx+, eƃ], eujtá
leƜá;ádųfo cųdgá cle/źá, o+ d+ eujf Pjdfx - ‘cg'ljŝsŽ/+ ±vëf, ;Lx, s/álx. cg'ljŝsŽ/á t'ƛflb;fg+ `ftdg'Ƨfg+ ;fw'
xátL’lt. dlŤ, eƃ], cţltlŴof ;fjs+þ nleŷf s]þjnsƍ+ j];fƸn kfs+þ kl/x/]Ɯ'+ - ‘;Lxá cƛfs+þ ;]gfklt ;fjsų+ pkutá’lt. cy
r kg eujf Pjdfx - ‘cg'ljŝsŽ/+, ;Lx, s/álx. cg'ljŝsŽ/á t'ƛflb;fg+ `ftdg'Ƨfg+ ;fw' xátL’lt. P;fx+, eƃ], b'ltolƕ
eujƃ+ ;/)+ uŞfld wƙť leŋ';Ŝť. pkf;s+þ d+ eujf wf/]t' cşt±Ʈë kf)'k]t+ ;/)+ utÆlƃ.
æbL#/ų+ ±vëf t], ;Lx, lguŮfg+ cákfge"t+ s'þn+, o]g g];+ pkutfg+ lkůs+þ bftƑ+ dţ]Ɯf;LÆlt. æOldgfkfx+, eƃ],
eujtá leƜá;ádųfo cųdgá cle/źá, o+ d+ eujf Pjdfx - ‘bL#/ų+ ±vëf t], ;Lx, lguŮfg+ cákfge"t+ s'þn+, o]g g];+ pkutfg+
lkůs+þ bftƑ+ dţ]Ɯf;L’lt. ;'t+ d]t,+ eƃ] - ‘;d±)ëf ±uëftdá Pjdfx - dƞd]j bfg+ bftƑ+, dƞd]j ;fjsŽg+ bftƑ+¶ dƞd]j lbƉ+
dxƎn+, g cţ];+ lbƉ+ dxƎn+¶ dƞd]j ;fjsŽg+ lbƉ+ dxƎn+, g cţ];+ ;fjsŽg+ lbƉ+ dxƎn’lƃ, cy r kg d+ eujf lguŮ];'lk bfg]
;dfbk]lt û . clk r, eƃ], dod]Ŵ sŽn+ hŽlgƧfd. P;fx+, eƃ], tltolƕ eujƃ+ ;/)+ uŞfld wƙť leŋ';Ŝť. pkf;s+þ d+,
eƃ], eujf wf/]t' cşt±Ʈë kf)'k]t+ ;/)+ utÆlƃ.
cy ±vëf eujf ;LxƧ ;]gfkltƧ cg'k'ƸƑ sy+ û s±yël;, ;]Ɯlyb+ - bfgsy+ ;Lnsy+ ;Ʈsy+, sŽdfg+ cfbLgj+ cásŽ/+ ;+lsn];+
g]ŋƙ] cflg;+;+ ksŽ;]l;. obf eujf cţfl; ;Lx+ ;]gfkƸt sƟlrų+ d'b'lrų+ ljgLj/)lrų+ pbƮlrų+ k;Ɖlrų+, cy of a'źfg+
;fd'Ŋ+þl;sŽ wƙb];gf t+ ksŽ;]l; - b'ŋ+ ;d'bo+ lg/áw+ dƮ+. ;]Ɯyflk gfd ;'ź+ jŴ+ ckutsŽńs+þ ;ƙb]j /hg+ klƮŲ]Ɯ¶ Pjd]j+
;LxƧ ;]gfkltƧ tƸƨo]j cf;g] lj/h+ jLtdn+ wƙrŋ'+ pbkflb - æo+ lslť ;d'bowƙ+, ;Ƒ+ t+ lg/áwwƙÆlƃ.
cy ±vëf ;Lxá ;]gfklt lbŪwƙá kųwƙá ljlbtwƙá kl/oáufŃÜwƙá ltŰljlrlsŞá ljutsy+s±yëf j];f/şƍųá ck/ƍŝoá
;Ŵ';f;g] eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æclwjf;]t' d], eƃ], eujf Ʃftgfo eų+ ;Ƹź leŋ';Ŝ]gfÆlt. clwjf;]l; eujf t'ŲLefj]g.
cy ±vëf ;Lxá ;]gfklt eujtá clwjf;g+ ljlbŷf pŪfof;gf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf kblŋ)+ sŷf kŊŽld. cy ±vëf ;Lxá
;]gfklt cţt/+ k'l/;+ cfdƃ]l; - æuŞ ŷ+, cƘá k'l/; kjųd+;+ hŽgfxLÆlt. cy ±vëf ;Lxá ;]gfklt tƧf /lųof cŝo]g ;s]þ
lgj];g] k)Lt+ vfbgLo+ eáhgLo+ klofbfk]ŷf eujtá sŽn+ cf/árfk]l; - æsŽná, eƃ]¹ lglŪt+ eųÆlƃ.
cy ±vëf eujf k'ƑŲ;do+ lgjf;]ŷf kųrLj/dfbfo o]g ;LxƧ ;]gfkltƧ lgj];g+ t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf kţų] cf;g]
lg;Llb ;Ƹź leŋ';Ŝ]g. t]g ±vëf kg ;do]g ;Ɨx'nf lguŮf j];flno+ /lysŽo /lys+þ û l;Ŝfs]þg l;Ŝfs+þ afxf kƮƞ sƆlƃ - æcş
;Lx]g ;]gfkltgf y"n+ k;'+ jlwŷf ;d)Ƨ ±uëftdƧ eų+ st+. t+ ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá hŽg+ plŹƧst+ d+;+ kl/e'ŧlt klŝsƙÆlƃ.
cy ±vëf cţt/á k'l/;á o]g ;Lxá ;]gfklt t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf ;LxƧ ;]gfkltƧ pksŰs]þ cf/ár]l; - æoŔ], eƃ],
hŽg]Ɯfl;¹ Pt] ;Ɨx'nf lguŮf j];flno+ /lysŽo /lys+þ l;Ŝfs]þg l;Ŝfs+þ afxf kƮƞ sƆlƃ - ‘cş ;Lx]g ;]gfkltgf y"n+ k;'+
jlwŷf ;d)Ƨ ±uëftdƧ eų+ st+. t+ ;d±)ëf ±uëftdá hŽg+ plŹƧst+ d+;+ kl/e'ŧlt klŝsƙ’lƃ. cn+ cƜá bL#/ųlŤ t] cfoƨƃá
cjŰsŽdf a'źƧ cjŰsŽdf wƙƧ cjŰsŽdf ;ŜƧ. g r kg]t] cfoƨƃá lhl/blƃ t+ eujƃ+ c;tf t'Şf d';f ce"t]g cưflrlŋt'+¶ g r
do+ hLljtx]t'lk ;lťŝ kf)+ hLljtf já/ák]ƜfdfÆlt.
cy ±vëf ;Lxá ;]gfklt a'źƍd'v+ leŋ';Ŝ+ k)Lt]g vfbgLo]g eáhgLo]g ;xŴf ;ƃƍ]l; ;ƕjf/]l;. cy ±vëf ;Lxá ;]gfklt
eujƃ+ e'ųfƸj cágLtkųkfƸ) Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖ+ ±vëf ;Lx+ ;]gfkƸt eujf wlƙof syfo ;ƆƧ]ŷf ;dfbk]ŷf ;d'ų]h]ŷf
;ƕx+;]ŷf pŪfof;gf kŊŽdLlt. b'lto+.

3= cƧfhŽgLo;'ų+
13= æcŪlx leŋj], cś]lx ;dƉfutá /ţá eŹá cƧfhŽgLoá /fhŽ/xá xált /fheá±Ʈëf, /ţá cśƃ]j ;ř+ uŞlt. std]lx
cŪlxĠ Ow, leŋj], /ţá eŹá cƧfhŽgLoá petá ;'hŽtá xált - dflttá r lklttá r. oƧ+ lb;fo+ cţ]lk eŹf cƧfhŽgLof hŽolƃ,
tƧ+ lb;fo+ hŽtá xált. o+ ±vëf kgƧ eáhg+ b]lƃ - cƟ+ jf ;'ŋ+ jf - t+ ;Ŋŝ+o]j kl/e'ŧlt cljls/ƃá. h]u'ŞL xált pŝf/+ jf
kƧfj+ jf clelg;Llbt'+ jf clelgklşt'+ jf. ;á/tá xált ;'v;+jf;á, g r cţ] cƧ] pƑ]h]tf. oflg ±vëf kgƧ xálƃ û ;f±&ëƜflg
s"þ]Ɯflg lhƛ]Ɯflg jŘ]Ɯflg, tflg oyfe"t+ ;f/lyƧ cfljsųf xált. t];dƧ ;f/ly clelgƙbgfo jfodlt. jfxL ±vëf kg xált.

11
‘sŽdţ] cƧf jxƃ' jf df jf, cxd]Ŵ jlxƧfdL’lt lrų+ pƍfb]lt. uŞƃá ±vëf kg ph'd±Ʈëg]j uŞlt. yfdjf xált ofj
hLljtd/)kl/ofbfgf yfd+ pkb+;]tf. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx cś]lx ;dƉfutá /ţá eŹá cƧfhŽgLoá /fhŽ/xá xált /fheá±Ʈëf,
/ţá cśƃ]j ;ř+ uŞlt.
æPjd]j+ ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cfx'g]Ɯá xált»k]0 cg'ų/+ k'ţŋ]ų+ násƧ. std]lx cŪlxĠ Ow,
leŋj], leŋ' ;Lnjf xált, kfltdáŋ;+j/;+j'tá ljx/lt cfrf/±uëfr/;ƕƉá c)'dų];' jş];' eobƧfjL, ;dfbfo l;ŋlt l;ŋfkb];'. o+
±vëf kgƧ eáhg+ b]lƃ - n"v+ jf k)Lt+ jf - t+ ;Ŋŝ+o]j kl/e'ŧlt cljxţdfgá. h]u'ŞL xált sŽob'ŝl/t]g jrLb'ŝl/t]g
dgáb'ŝl/t]g¶ h]u'ŞL xált cg]sljlxtfg+ kfksŽg+ cs'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ ;dfklųof. ;á/tá xált ;'v;+jf;á, g cţ] leŋ" pƑ]h]tf. oflg
±vëf kgƧ xálƃ ;f±&ëƜflg s"þ]Ɯflg lhƛ]Ɯflg jŘ]Ɯflg, tflg oyfe"t+ cfljsųf xált ;Ŵl/ jf ljţ";' jf ;Ɣƪrf/L;'. t];dƧ ;Ŵf
jf ljţ" jf ;Ɣƪrf/L clelgƙbgfo jfodlt. l;lŋtf ±vëf kg xált. ‘sŽdţ] leŋ" l;ŋƃ' jf df jf, cxd]Ŵ l;lŋƧfdL’lt lrų+
pƍfb]lt. uŞƃá ±vëf kg ph'd±Ʈëg]j uŞlt¶ tŶfo+ ph'd±Ʈëf, ;]Ɯlyb+ - ;ƙflblŪ»k]0 ;ƙf;dflw. cf/źjLl/oá ljx/lt - ‘sŽd+
trá r ƌf? û r clŪ r cjl;Ƨt', ;/L/] pk;'Ƨt' d+;nálxt+¶ o+ t+ k'l/;yfd]g k'l/;jLl/o]g k'l/;k/Ŋd]g kųƑ+, g t+
ckfk'l)ŷf jLl/oƧ ;Ůfg+ eljƧtL’lt. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cfx'g]Ɯá xált»k]0 cg'ų/+ k'ţŋ]ų+
násƧfÆlt tlto+.

4= cƧvń'Ř;'ų+
14= æcŪ r û , leŋj], cƧvń'Ř] û b];]Ƨfld cŪ r cƧbá;], cŪ r k'l/;vń'Ř] cŪ r k'l/;bá;]. t+ ;')fy, ;fw's+þ
dgl; s/áy¶ efl;ƧfdLÆlt. æPj+, eƃ]Ælt ±vëf t] leŋ" eujtá kŝƧá;'+. eujf Ptbjár -
æstd] r, leŋj], cŪ cƧvń'Řf cŪ r cƧbá;fĠ Ow, leŋj], Psŝá cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá
;f/lygf kŞtá klŊdlt, lklŪtá /y+ kjų]lt. Pj¿kálk, leŋj], O±wësŝá cƧvń'Řá xált. co+, leŋj], k&dá cƧbá;á.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], O±wësŝá cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá ;f/lygf kŞf nŜlt, s'þƑ/+ xglt, ltbů+
eŧlt. Pj¿kálk, leŋj], O±wësŝá cƧvń'Řá xált. co+, leŋj], b'ltoá cƧbá;á.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], O±wësŝá cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá ;f/lygf /yL;fo ;ƸŴ pƧlşŷf /yL;+o]j
cŢádŹlt. Pj¿kálk, leŋj], O±wësŝá cƧvń'Řá xált. co+, leŋj], tltoá cƧbá;á.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], O±wësŝá cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá ;f/lygf pƙƮ+ uŲlt, pƑ'd+ /y+ s/ált.
Pj¿kálk leŋj], O±wësŝá cƧvń'Řá xált. co+, leŋj], rt'Ŵá cƧbá;á.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], O±wësŝá cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá ;f/lygf nŜlt k'l/dsŽo+ kƮŲlt k'l/d]
kfb]. Pj¿kálk, leŋj], O±wësŝá cƧvń'Řá xált. co+, leŋj], kťdá cƧbá;á.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], O±wësŝá cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá ;f/lygf cgflbloŷf ;f/Ƹy cgflbloŷf
ktábnƸŪ û bƃ]lx d'vfwfg+ û ljw+l;ŷf o]g sŽd+ kŊdlt. Pj¿kálk, leŋj], O±wësŝá cƧvń'Řá xált. co+, leŋj], %Ūá
cƧbá;á.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], O±wësŝá cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá ;f/lygf g]j cleŊdlt gá klŊdlt tŴ]j
vLnŪfoL l&tá xált. Pj¿kálk, leŋj], O±wësŝá cƧvń'Řá xált. co+, leŋj], ;ųdá cƧbá;á.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], O±wësŝá cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá ;f/lygf k'l/d] r kfb] ;+xl/ŷf klŞd] r
kfb] ;+xl/ŷf û tŴ]j rųf/á kfb] clelg;Lblt. Pj¿kálk, leŋj], O±wësŝá cƧvń'Řá xált. co+, leŋj], cŪdá cƧbá;á. Od]
±vëf, leŋj], cŪ cƧvń'Řf cŪ r cƧbá;f.
û æstd] r, leŋj], cŪ k'l/;vń'Řf cŪ r k'l/;bá;fĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ" leŋ'+ cfklųof ráb]lƃ. ;á leŋ' leŋ"lx
cfklųof rálbodfgá ‘g ;/fdL’lt c;ltof lgƑ]±&ëlt. ;]Ɯyflk ;á, leŋj], cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá
;f/lygf kŞtá klŊdlt, lklŪtá /y+ jų]lt¶ ty"kdfx+, leŋj], Od+ k'Ʈn+ jbfld. Pj¿kálk, leŋj], O±wësŝá k'l/;vń'Řá
xált. co+, leŋj], k&dá k'l/;bá;á.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj] leŋ" leŋ'+ cfklųof ráb]lƃ. ;á leŋ' leŋ"lx cfklųof rálbodfgá rábs+þo]j klƎ/lt - ‘Ƹs g' ±vëf
t'ƞ+ afnƧ cƓųƧ el)t]g¹ ŷlƕ gfd el)tƑ+ dţ;L’lt¹ ;]Ɯyflk ;á, leŋj], cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá
;f/lygf kŞf nŜlt, s'þƑ/+ xglt, ltbů+ eŧlt¶ ty"kdfx+, leŋj], Od+ k'Ʈn+ jbfld. Pj¿kálk, leŋj], O±wësŝá k'l/;vń'Řá
xált. co+, leŋj], b'ltoá k'l/;bá;á.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ" leŋ'+ cfklųof ráb]lƃ. ;á leŋ' leŋ"lx cfklųof rálbodfgá rábsƧ]j kŝf/ák]lt - ‘ŷ+ ±vëfl;
OŴƉfd+ cfkƸų cfkƉá, ŷ+ tfj k&d+ kls/áxL’lt. ;]Ɯyflk ;á, leŋj], cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá ;f/lygf
/yL;fo ;ƸŴ pƧlşŷf /yL;+o]j cŢádŹlt¶ ty"kdfx+, leŋj], Od+ k'Ʈn+ jbfld. Pj¿kálk, leŋj], O±wësŝá k'l/;vń'Řá xált.
co+, leŋj], tltoá k'l/;bá;á.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ" leŋ'+ cfklųof ráb]lƃ. ;á leŋ' leŋ"lx cfklųof rálbodfgá cţ]gfţ+ klr/lt, alxźf sy+
ckgfd]lt, sŽ]kť bá;ť cƍŝoť kft's/ált. ;]Ɯyflk ;á, leŋj], cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá ;f/lygf pƙƮ+
uŲlt, pƑ'd+ /y+ s/ált¶ ty"kdfx+, leŋj], Od+ k'Ʈn+ jbfld. Pj¿kálk, leŋj], O±wësŝá k'l/;vń'Řá xált. co+, leŋj],
rt'Ŵá k'l/;bá;á.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ" leŋ'+ cfklųof ráb]lƃ. ;á leŋ' leŋ"lx cfklųof rálbodfgá ;ŜdŢ] afx'ljŋ]k+ s/ált.
;]Ɯyflk ;á, leŋj] cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá ;f/lygf nŜlt, k'l/dsŽo+ kƮŲlt k'l/d] kfb]¶ ty"kdfx+,

12
leŋj], Od+ k'Ʈn+ jbfld. Pj¿kálk, leŋj], O±wësŝá k'l/;vń'Řá xált. co+, leŋj], kťdá k'l/;bá;á.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ" leŋ'+ cfklųof ráb]lƃ. ;á leŋ' leŋ"lx cfklųof rálbodfgá cgflbloŷf ;Ŝ+ cgflbloŷf rábs+þ
;fklųsŽ]j o]g sŽd+ kŊdlt. ;]Ɯyflk ;á, leŋj], cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá ;f/lygf cgflbloŷf ;f/Ƹy
cgflbloŷf ktábnƸŪ bƃ]lx d'vfwfg+ ljw+l;ŷf o]g sŽd+ kŊdlt¶ ty"kdfx+, leŋj], Od+ k'Ʈn+ jbfld. Pj¿kálk, leŋj], O±wësŝá
k'l/;vń'Řá xált. co+, leŋj], %Ūá k'l/;bá;á.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ" leŋ'+ cfklųof ráb]lƃ. ;á leŋ' leŋ"lx cfklųof rálbodfgá ‘g]jfx+ cfkƉálƛ, g kgfx+
cfkƉáƛL’lt ;á t'ŲLefj]g ;Ŝ+ ljx]±&ëlt û . ;]Ɯyflk ;á, leŋj], cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá ;f/lygf g]j
cleŊdlt gá klŊdlt tŴ]j vLnŪfoL l&tá xált¶ ty"kdfx+, leŋj], Od+ k'Ʈn+ jbfld. Pj¿kálk, leŋj], O±wësŝá k'l/;vń'Řá
xált. co+, leŋj], ;ųdá k'l/;bá;á.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ" leŋ'+ cfklųof ráb]lƃ. ;á leŋ' leŋ"lx cfklųof rálbodfgá Pjdfx - ‘Ƹs g' ±vëf t'ƛ] cfoƨƃá
cltafŃÜ+ dlo Ɠfjf ofj û Obfgfx+ l;ŋ+ kŝŋfo xLgfofjlųƧfdL’lt. ;á l;ŋ+ kŝŋfo xLgfofjlųŷf Pjdfx - ‘Obflg ±vëf t'ƛ]
cfoƨƃá cųdgf xáyf’ltĠ ;]Ɯyflk ;á, leŋj], cƧvń'Řá ‘k]xL’lt j'ųá, ljźá ;dfgá rálbtá ;f/lygf k'l/d] r kfb] ;+xl/ŷf
klŞd] r kfb] ;+xl/ŷf tŴ]j rųf/á kfb] clelg;Lblt¶ ty"kdfx+, leŋj], Od+ k'Ʈn+ jbfld. Pj¿kálk, leŋj], O±wësŝá
k'l/;vń'Řá xált. co+, leŋj], cŪdá k'l/;bá;á. Od] ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ k'l/;vń'Řf cŪ r k'l/;bá;fÆlt. rt'Ŵ+.

5= dn;'ų+
15= æclŪdflg leŋj], dnflg. stdflg cŪĠ c;Ţfodnf, leŋj], dƃf¶ cg'Ūfgdnf, leŋj], #/f¶ dn+, leŋj],
jŰƧ sŽ];ş+¶ kdfbá, leŋj], /ŋtá dn+¶ dn+, leŋj], OlŴof b'ŝl/t+¶ dŞ]/+, leŋj], bbtá dn+¶ dnf, leŋj], kfksŽ cs'þ;nf wƙf
cƸƨ nás]þ k/lƛ r¶ ttá û , leŋj], dnf dnt/+ cljşŽ k/d+ dn+. Odflg ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ dnfgLÆlt.
æc;Ţfodnf dƃf, cg'Ūfgdnf #/f.
dn+ jŰƧ sŽ];ş+, kdfbá /ŋtá dn+Ķ
ædlnlŴof b'ŝl/t+, dŞ]/+ bbtá dn+.
dnf j] kfksŽ wƙf, cƸƨ nás]þ k/lƛ r.
ttá dnf dnt/+, cljşŽ k/d+ dnÆlƃĶ kťd+.

6= b"t]Ɯ;'ų+
16= û æcŪlx leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' b"t]Ɯ+ uƃ'd/xlt. std]lx cŪlxĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' ;átf r xált,
;fj]tf r, pƮx]tf r, wf/]tf r, ljţftf r, ljţfk]tf r, s'þ;ná r ;lxtf;lxtƧ, gá r snxsŽ/sŽ] - Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx
wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' b"t]Ɯ+ uƃ'd/xlt. cŪlx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá ;fl/k'ųá b"t]Ɯ+ uƃ'd/xlt. std]lx cŪlxĠ Ow,
leŋj], ;fl/k'ųá ;átf r xált, ;fj]tf r, pƮx]tf r, wf/]tf r, ljţftf r, ljţfk]tf r, s'þ;ná r ;lxtf;lxtƧ, gá r
snxsŽ/sŽ]. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá ;fl/k'ųá b"t]Ɯ+ uƃ'd/xtLÆlt.
æoá j] g Ɠylt û kŷf, kl/;+ pƮjflbƸg û .
g r xfk]lt jrg+, g r %fb]lt ;f;g+Ķ
æc;lƆźť e)lt û , k'lŞtá g r s'þƍlt.
; j] tflb;sŽ] leŋ', b"t]Ɯ+ uƃ'd/xtLÆltĶ %Ū+.

7= k&daƈg;'ų+
17= æcŪlx, leŋj], cfsŽ/]lx OŴL k'l/;+ aƈlt. std]lx cŪlxĠ ?Ű]g, leŋj], OŴL k'l/;+ aƈlt¶ xl;t]g, leŋj],
OŴL k'l/;+ aƈlt¶ el)t]g, leŋj], OŴL k'l/;+ aƈlt¶ cfsƍ]g, leŋj], OŴL k'l/;+ aƈlt jgeś]g, leŋj], OŴL k'l/;+ aƈlt¶
uƈ]g, leŋj], OŴL k'l/;+ aƈlt¶ /;]g, leŋj], OŴL k'l/;+ aƈlt¶ mþƧ]g, leŋj], OŴL k'l/;+ aƈlt. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj],
cŪxfsŽ/]lx OŴL k'l/;+ aƈlt. t], leŋj], ;ųf ;'aźf û , o] û mþƧ]g aźfÆlt û . ;ųd+.

8= b'ltoaƈg;'ų+
18= æcŪlx, leŋj], cfsŽ/]lx k'l/;á OƸŴ aƈlt. std]lx cŪlxĠ ?Ű]g, leŋj], k'l/;á OƸŴ aƈlt¶ xl;t]g, leŋj],
k'l/;á OƸŴ aƈlt¶ el)t]g, leŋj], k'l/;á OƸŴ aƈlt¶ cfsƍ]g, leŋj], k'l/;á OƸŴ aƈlt¶ jgeś]g, leŋj], k'l/;á OƸŴ aƈlt¶
uƈ]g, leŋj], k'l/;á OƸŴ aƈlt¶ /;]g, leŋj] k'l/;á OƸŴ aƈlt¶ mþƧ]g, leŋj], k'l/;á OƸŴ aƈlt. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj],
cŪxfsŽ/]lx k'l/;á OƸŴ aƈlt. t], leŋj], ;ųf ;'aźf, o] mþƧ]g aźfÆlt. cŪd+.

13
9= kxf/fb;'ų+
19= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf j]/ŧfo+ lj x/lt gń]?k'lrdƆd"n]. cy ±vëf kxf/fbá c;'l/Ɔá o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf
eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ cŪfl;. Psdƃ+ l&t+ ±vëf kxf/fb+ c;'l/Ɔ+ eujf Ptbjár -
æclk û kg, kxf/fb c;'/f dxf;d'Ź] cle/dƃLÆltĠ æcle/dlƃ, eƃ], c;'/f dxf;d'Ź]Ælt. æslt kg, kxf/fb,
dxf;d'Ź] cŞl/of cư'tf wƙf û , o] lbƩf lbƩf c;'/f dxf;d'Ź] cle/dƃLÆltĠ æcŪ, eƃ], dxf;d'Ź] cŞl/of cư'tf wƙf, o]
lbƩf lbƩf c;'/f dxf;d'Ź] cle/dlƃ. std] cŪĠ dxf;d'Źá, eƃ], cg'k'ƑlgƉá cg'k'Ƒká±)ëf cg'k'Ƒkưf/á g cfots]þg]j kkftá.
olƕ, eƃ], dxf;d'Źá cg'k'ƑlgƉá cg'k'Ƒká±)ëf cg'k'Ƒkưf/á, g cfots]þg]j kkftá. co+, eƃ], dxf;d'Ź] k&dá cŞl/oá cư'tá
wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf c;'/f dxf;d'Ź] cle/dlƃ.
æk'g rk/+, eƃ], dxf;d'Źá l&twƙá j]n+ gfltjųlt. olƕ, eƃ], dxf;d'Źá l&twƙá j]n+ gfltjųlt¶ co+ û , eƃ],
dxf;d'Ź] b'ltoá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá o+ lbƩf lbƩf c;'/f dxf;d'Ź] cle/dlƃ.
æk'g rk/+, eƃ], dxf;d'Źá g dt]g s'þ)k]g ;+j;lt û . o+ xált dxf;d'Ź] dt+ s'þ)k+, t+ lvƍd]j û tL/+ jfx]lt, yn+
pƧf/]lt. olƕ, eƃ], dxf;d'Źá g dt]g s'þ)k]g ;+j;lt, o+ xált dxf;d'Ź] dt+ s'þ)k+, t+ lvƍd]j tL/+ jfx]lt, yn+ pƧf/]lt¶
co+, eƃ], dxf;d'Ź] tltoá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf c;'/f dxf;d'Ź] cle/dlƃ.
æk'g rk/+, eƃ], of sŽlr dxfglboá, ;]Ɯlyb+ - uśf od'gf clr/jtL ;/e" dxL, tf dxf;d'Ź+ kŷf û hxlƃ k'l/dflg
gfd±uëfųflg, ‘dxf;d'Źá’ ŷ]j ;ř+ uŞlƃ. olƕ, eƃ], of sŽlr dxfglboá, ;]Ɯlyb+ - uśf od'gf clr/jtL ;/e" dxL, tf
dxf;d'Ź+ kŷf hxlƃ k'l/dflg gfd±uëfųflg, ‘dxf;d'Źá’ ŷ]j ;ř+ uŞlƃ¶ co+, eƃ], dxf;d'Ź] rt'Ŵá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf
lbƩf c;'/f dxf;d'Ź] cle/dlƃ.
æk'g rk/+, eƃ], of r û nás]þ ;jlƃoá dxf;d'Ź+ cƍ]lƃ of r cƃlnŋf wf/f kktlƃ, g t]g dxf;d'ŹƧ ögų+ jf k"/ų+
jf kţfolt. olƕ, eƃ], of r nás]þ ;jlƃoá dxf;d'Ź+ cƍ]lƃ of r cƃlnŋf wf/f kktlƃ, g t]g dxf;d'ŹƧ ögų+ jf k"/ų+ jf
kţfolt¶ co+, eƃ], dxf;d'Ź] kťdá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf c;'/f dxf;d'Ź] cle/dlƃ.
æk'g rk/+, eƃ], dxf;d'Źá Ps/;á ná)/;á. olƕ, eƃ], dxf;d'Źá Ps/;á ná)/;ᶠco+, eƃ], dxf;d'Ź] %Ūá
cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf c;'/f dxf;d'Ź] cle/dlƃ.
æk'g rk/+, eƃ], dxf;d'Źá ax'/tgá û cg]s/tgá. tlŶdflg /tgflg, ;]Ɯlyb+ - d'ųf dl) j]ń'l/oá ;řá l;nf kjfń+
/ht+ hŽt¿k+ nálxtsŽ] d;f/uƟ+. olƕ, eƃ], dxf;d'Źá ax'/tgá cg]s/tgᶠtlŶdflg /tgflg, ;]Ɯlyb+ - d'ųf dl) j]ń'l/oá
;řá l;nf kjfń+ /ht+ hŽt¿k+ nálxtsŽ] d;f/uƟ+. co+, eƃ], dxf;d'Ź] ;ųdá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf c;'/f dxf;d'Ź]
cle/dlƃ.
æk'g rk/+, eƃ], dxf;d'Źá dxt+ e"tfg+ cfjf;á. tlŶd] e"tf - ltld ltldśná ltld/lkśná û c;'/f gfuf uƈƑf.
;lƃ dxf;d'Ź] oáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf, lƀoáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf, ltoáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf, rt'oáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf,
kťoáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf. olƕ, eƃ], dxf;d'Źá dxt+ e"tfg+ cfjf;ᶠtlŶd] e"tf - ltld ltldśná ltld/lkśná c;'/f gfuf
uƈƑf¶ ;lƃ dxf;d'Ź] oáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf»k]0 lƀoáhg» ltoáhg» rt'oáhg» kťoáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf¶ co+, eƃ],
dxf;d'Ź] cŪdá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf c;'/f dxf;d'Ź] cle/dlƃ. Od] ±vëf, eƃ] dxf;d'Ź] cŪ cŞl/of cư'tf wƙf,
o] lbƩf lbƩf c;'/f dxf;d'Ź] cle/dƃLlt.
æclk kg, eƃ], leŋ" OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cle/dƃLÆltĠ æcle/dlƃ, kxf/fb, leŋ" OdƸƨ wƙljgo]Ælt. æslt kg,
eƃ], OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cŞl/of cư'tf wƙf, o] lbƩf lbƩf leŋ" OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cle/dƃLÆltĠ æcŪ, kxf/fb, OdƸƨ wƙljgo]
cŞl/of cư'tf wƙf, o] lbƩf lbƩf leŋ" OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cle/dlƃ. std] cŪĠ ;]Ɯyflk, kxf/fb, dxf;d'Źá cg'k'ƑlgƉá
cg'k'Ƒká±)ëf cg'k'Ƒkưf/á, g cfots]þg]j kkftá Pjd]j+ ±vëf, kxf/fb, OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cg'k'Ƒl;ŋf cg'k'Ƒlsl/of cg'k'Ƒklkbf,
g cfots]þg]j cţfklj]±wëf. olƕ, kxf/fb, OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cg'k'Ƒl;ŋf cg'k'Ƒlsl/of cg'k'Ƒklkbf, g cfots]þg]j
cţfklj]±wëf. co+, kxf/fb, OdƸƨ wƙljgo] k&dá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf leŋ" OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cle/dlƃ.
æ;]Ɯyflk, kxf/fb, dxf;d'Źá l&twƙá j]n+ gfltjųlt¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, kxf/fb, o+ dof ;fjsŽg+ l;ŋfkb+ kţų+ t+ dd
;fjsŽ hLljtx]t'lk gfltŊdlƃ. olƕ, kxf/fb, dof ;fjsŽg+ l;ŋfkb+ kţų+ t+ dd ;fjsŽ hLljtx]t'lk gfltŊdlƃ. co+,
kxf/fb, OdƸƨ wƙljgo] b'ltoá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf leŋ" OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cle/dlƃ.
æ;]Ɯyflk, kxf/fb, dxf;d'Źá g dt]g s'þ)k]g ;+j;lt. o+ xált dxf;d'Ź] dt+ s'þ)k+, t+ lvƍd]j tL/+ jfx]lt yn+
pƧf/]lt¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, kxf/fb, oá ;á k'Ʈná b'ƧLná kfkwƙá c;'lr;ŘƧ/;dfrf/á klŞƉsƙƃá cƧd±)ëf ;d)klţá cƔƪrf/L
Ɣƪrfl/klţá cƃák"lt cjƧ'tá s;Ɨ'hŽtá, g t]g ;Ŝá ;+j;lt¶ lvƍd]j g+ ;lƉkltŷf plŋklt.
ælsťflk ;á xált dŢ] leŋ';ŜƧ ;lƉl;Ɖá, cy ±vëf ;á cf/sŽj ;Ŝƛf ;Ŝá r t]g. olƕ, kxf/fb, oá ;á k'Ʈná b'ƧLná
kfkwƙá c;'lr;ŘƧ/;dfrf/á klŞƉsƙƃá cƧd±)ëf ;d)klţá cƔƪrf/L Ɣƪrfl/klţá cƃák"lt cjƧ'tá s;Ɨ'hŽtá, g t]g ;Ŝá
;+j;lt¶ lvƍd]j g+ ;lƉkltŷf plŋklt¶ lsťflk ;á xált dŢ] leŋ';ŜƧ ;lƉl;Ɖá, cy ±vëf ;á cf/sŽj ;Ŝƛf ;Ŝá r t]g. co+,
kxf/fb, OdƸƨ wƙljgo] tltoá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf leŋ" OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cle/dlƃ.
æ;]Ɯyflk, kxf/fb, of sŽlr dxfglboá, ;]Ɯlyb+ - uśf od'gf clr/jtL ;/e" dxL, tf dxf;d'Ź+ kŷf hxlƃ k'l/dflg
gfd±uëfųflg, ‘dxf;d'Źá’ ŷ]j ;ř+ uŞlƃ¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, kxf/fb, rųf/ád] jŰf - vlųof, Ɣfƪ)f, j]Ƨf, ;'Źf, t] tyfutƍj]lbt]
wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑlhŷf hxlƃ k'l/dflg gfd±uëfųflg, ‘;d)f ;Ōk'lųof’ ŷ]j û ;ř+ uŞlƃ. olƕ, kxf/fb, rųf/ád]
jŰf - vlųof, Ɣfƪ)f, j]Ƨf, ;'Źf, t] tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑlhŷf hxlƃ k'l/dflg gfd±uëfųflg, ‘;d)f
;Ōk'lųof’ ŷ]j ;ř+ uŞlƃ. co+, kxf/fb, OdƸƨ wƙljgo] rt'Ŵá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf leŋ" OdƸƨ wƙljgo]

14
cle/dlƃ.
æ;]Ɯyflk, kxf/fb, of r nás]þ ;jlƃoá dxf;d'Ź+ cƍ]lƃ of r cƃlnŋf wf/f kktlƃ, g t]g dxf;d'ŹƧ ögų+ jf
k"/ų+ jf kţfolt¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, kxf/fb, ax" r]lk leŋ" cg'kflb;];fo lgƑfgwft'of kl/lgƑfolƃ, g t]g lgƑfgwft'of ögų+ jf
k"/ų+ jf kţfolt. olƕ, kxf/fb, ax" r]lk leŋ" cg'kflb;];fo lgƑfgwft'of kl/lgƑfolƃ, g t]g lgƑfgwft'of ögų+ jf k"/ų+ jf
kţfolt. co+, kxf/fb, OdƸƨ wƙljgo] kťdá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf leŋ" OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cle/dlƃ.
æ;]Ɯyflk kxf/fb, dxf;d'Źá Ps/;á ná)/;ᶠPjd]j+ ±vëf, kxf/fb, co+ wƙljgoá Ps/;á, ljd'lų/;á. olƕ
kxf/fb co+ wƙljgoá Ps/;á, ljd'lų/;á co+, kxf/fb, OdƸƨ wƙljgo] %Ūá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf leŋ" OdƸƨ
wƙljgo] cle/dlƃ.
æ;]Ɯyflk, kxf/fb, dxf;d'Źá ax'/tgá cg]s/tgᶠtlŶdflg /tgflg, ;]Ɯlyb+ - d'ųf dl) j]ń'l/oá ;řá l;nf kjfń+
/ht+ hŽt¿k+ nálxtsŽ] d;f/uƟ+¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, kxf/fb, co+ wƙljgoá ax'/tgá cg]s/tgá. tlŶdflg /tgflg, ;]Ɯlyb+ - rųf/á
;ltkŪfgf, rųf/á ;ƙƍwfgf, rųf/á Olźkfbf, klťlƇoflg, kť anflg, ;ų aáŢśf, cl/oá cŪlśsŽ] d±Ʈëf. olƕ, kxf/fb, co+
wƙljgoá ax'/tgá cg]s/tgᶠtlŶdflg /tgflg, ;]Ɯlyb+ - rųf/á ;ltkŪfgf, rųf/á ;ƙƍwfgf, rųf/á Olźkfbf, klťlƇoflg,
kť anflg, ;ų aáŢśf, cl/oá cŪlśsŽ] d±Ʈëf¶ co+, kxf/fb, OdƸƨ wƙljgo] ;ųdá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf leŋ"
OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cle/dlƃ.
æ;]Ɯyflk, kxf/fb, dxf;d'Źá dxt+ e"tfg+ cfjf;ᶠtlŶd] e"tf - ltld ltldśná ltld/lkśná c;'/f gfuf uƈƑf¶ ;lƃ
dxf;d'Ź] oáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf, lƀoáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf, ltoáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf, rt'oáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf, kťoáhg;ltsŽlk
cųefjf¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, kxf/fb, co+ wƙljgoá dxt+ e"tfg+ cfjf;ᶠtlŶd] e"tf - ;átfkƉá ;átfklųmþn;lŞlsl/ofo klkƉá,
;sbfufdL ;sbfufldmþn;lŞlsl/ofo klkƉá, cgfufdL cgfufldmþn;lŞlsl/ofo klkƉá, c/xf c/xųfo klkƉá. olƕ,
kxf/fb, co+ wƙljgoá dxt+ e"tfg+ cfjf;ᶠtlŶd] e"tf - ;átfkƉá ;átfklųmþn;lŞlsl/ofo klkƉá, ;sbfufdL
;sbfufldmþn;lŞlsl/ofo klkƉá, cgfufdL cgfufldmþn;lŞlsl/ofo klkƉá, c/xf c/xųfo klkƉᶠco+, kxf/fb, OdƸƨ
wƙljgo] cŪdá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf leŋ" OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cle/dlƃ. Od] ±vëf, kxf/fb, OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cŪ
cŞl/of cư'tf wƙf, o] lbƩf lbƩf leŋ" OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cle/dƃLÆlt. gjd+.

10= pká;y;'ų+
20= û Ps+þ ;do+ eujf ;fjlŴo+ ljx/lt k'Ƒf/fd] lduf/dft'kf;fb]. t]g ±vëf kg ;do]g eujf tbx'ká;±yë
leŋ';Ŝkl/j'tá lgl;Ɖá xált. cy ±vëf cfoƨf cfgƆá cleŊƃfo /lųof, lgŋƃ] k&d] ofd], pŪfof;gf Ps+þ;+ pų/f;ś+ sl/ŷf o]g
eujf t]gŧƸn k)fd]ŷf eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æcleŊƃf, eƃ], /lų, lgŋƃá k&dá ofdá, lr/lgl;Ɖá leŋ';Ŝá. plŹ;t', eƃ], eujf
leŋ"g+ kfltdáŋÆlƃ.
Pj+ j'ų] eujf t'ŲL cxál;. b'ltolƕ ±vëf cfoƨf cfgƆá cleŊƃfo /lųof, lgŋƃ] dlŢd] ofd], pŪfof;gf Ps+þ;+
pų/f;ś+ sl/ŷf o]g eujf t]gŧƸn k)fd]ŷf eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æcleŊƃf, eƃ] /lų, lgŋƃá dlŢdá ofdá, lr/lgl;Ɖá leŋ';Ŝá.
plŹ;t', eƃ], eujf leŋ"g+ kfltdáŋÆlƃ. b'ltolƕ ±vëf eujf t'ŲL cxál;. tltolƕ ±vëf cfoƨf cfgƆá cleŊƃfo /lųof, lgŋƃ]
klŞd] ofd], pźƣ] c?±)ë, glƆd'lvof /lųof pŪfof;gf Ps+þ;+ pų/f;ś+ sl/ŷf o]g eujf t]gŧƸn k)fd]ŷf eujƃ+ Ptbjár -
æcleŊƃf, eƃ], /lų, lgŋƃá klŞdá ofdá, pźƣ+ c?)+, glƆd'vL /lų¶ lr/lgl;Ɖá leŋ';Ŝá. plŹ;t', eƃ], eujf leŋ"g+
kfltdáŋÆlƃ. æckl/;'źf, cfgƆ, kl/;fÆlt.
cy ±vëf cfoƨtá dxfdáƮƟfgƧ Ptbxál; - æs+þ g' ±vëf eujf k'Ʈn+ ;ƈfo Pjdfx - ‘ckl/;'źf, cfgƆ, kl/;f’ÆltĠ
cy ±vëf cfoƨf dxfdáƮƟfgá ;Ƒfjƃ+ leŋ';Ŝ+ r]t;f r]tá kl/ŝ dg;fsŽl;. cŹ;f ±vëf cfoƨf dxfdáƮƟfgá t+ k'Ʈn+ b'ƧLn+ kfkwƙ+
c;'Ƹr ;ŘƧ/;dfrf/+ klŞƉsƙƃ+ cƧd)+ ;d)klţ+ cƔƪrfƸ/ Ɣƪrfl/klţ+ cƃák"Ƹt cjƧ't+ s;Ɨ'hŽt+ dŢ] leŋ';ŜƧ lgl;Ɖ+¶
lbƩfg pŪfof;gf o]g ;á k'Ʈná t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf t+ k'Ʈn+ Ptbjár - æpŪ]xfj';á, lbŪál; eujtf. glŴ t] leŋ"lx ;Ƹź
;+jf;áÆlt.
Pj+ j'ų] ;á k'Ʈná t'ŲL cxál;. b'ltolƕ ±vëf cfoƨf dxfdáƮƟfgá t+ k'Ʈn+ Ptbjár - æpŪ]xfj';á, lbŪál; eujtf.
glŴ t] leŋ"lx ;Ƹź ;+jf;áÆlt. b'ltolƕ ±vëf ;á k'Ʈná t'ŲL cxál;. tltolƕ ±vëf cfoƨf dxfdáƮƟfgá t+ k'Ʈn+ Ptbjár -
æpŪ]xfj';á, lbŪál; eujtf. glŴ t] leŋ"lx ;Ƹź ;+jf;áÆlt. tltolƕ ±vëf ;á k'Ʈná t'ŲL cxál;.
cy ±vëf cfoƨf dxfdáƮƟfgá t+ k'Ʈn+ afxfo+ ux]ŷf alxƀf/sŽ]ŪsŽ lgŋfd]ŷf ;"lr#ls+þ bŷf o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶
pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ Ptbjár - ælgŋfldtá ;á, eƃ], k'Ʈná dof. kl/;'źf kl/;f. plŹ;t', eƃ], eujf leŋ"g+ kfltdáŋÆlƃ.
æcŞl/o+, dáƮƟfg, cư't+, dáƮƟfg¹ ofj afxf ux)flk gfd ;á dá#k'l/;á cfuldƧtLÆlt¹
cy ±vëf eujf leŋ" cfdƃ]l; - æt'ƛ]j bflg, leŋj], pká;y+ s/]Ɯfy, kfltdáŋ+ plŹ;]Ɯfy. g bfgfx+, leŋj], cşt±Ʈë
pká;y+ sl/Ƨfld, kfltdáŋ+ plŹl;Ƨfld. cŪfgd]t+, leŋj], cgjsŽ;á o+ tyfutá ckl/;'źfo kl/;fo kfltdáŋ+ plŹ;]ƜÆ.
æclŪd], leŋj], dxf;d'Ź] cŞl/of cư'tf wƙf, o] lbƩf lbƩf c;'/f dxf;d'Ź] cle/dlƃ. std] cŪĠ dxf;d'Źá,
leŋj], cg'k'ƑlgƉá cg'k'Ƒká±)ëf cg'k'Ƒkưf/á, g cfots]þg]j kkftá. olƕ, leŋj], dxf;d'Źá cg'k'ƑlgƉá cg'k'Ƒká±)ëf
cg'k'Ƒkưf/á, g cfots]þg]j kkftᶠco+, leŋj], dxf;d'Ź] k&dá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf c;'/f dxf;d'Ź]
cle/dlƃ»k]0 ‘oyf k'l/d] tyf ljŴf/]tƑá’.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], dxf;d'Źá dxt+ e"tfg+ cfjf;á. tlŶd] e"tf - ltld ltldśná ltld/lkśná c;'/f gfuf uƈƑf.
j;lƃ dxf;d'Ź] oáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf»k]0 kťoáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf olƕ, leŋj], dxf;d'Źá dxt+ e"tfg+ cfjf;ᶠtlŶd] e"tf -

15
ltld ltldśná ltld/lkśná c;'/f gfuf uƈƑf¶ j;lƃ dxf;d'Ź] oáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf»k]0 kťoáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf¶ co+,
leŋj], dxf;d'Ź] cŪdá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf c;'/f dxf;d'Ź] cle/dlƃ. Od] ±vëf, leŋj], dxf;d'Ź] cŪ cŞl/of
cư'tf wƙf, o+ lbƩf lbƩf c;'/f dxf;d'Ź] cle/dlƃ.
æPjd]j+ ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cŞl/of cư'tf wƙf, o] lbƩf lbƩf leŋ" OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cle/dlƃ. std]
cŪĠ ;]Ɯyflk, leŋj], dxf;d'Źá cg'k'ƑlgƉá cg'k'Ƒká±)ëf cg'k'Ƒkưf/á, g cfots]þg]j kkftᶠPjd]j+ ±vëf, leŋj], OdƸƨ wƙljgo]
cg'k'Ƒl;ŋf cg'k'Ƒlsl/of cg'k'Ƒklkbf, g cfots]þg]j cţfklj]±wëf. olƕ, leŋj], OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cg'k'Ƒl;ŋf cg'k'Ƒlsl/of
cg'k'Ƒklkbf, g cfots]þg]j cţfklj]±wëf¶ co+, leŋj], OdƸƨ wƙljgo] k&dá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf leŋ" OdƸƨ
wƙljgo] cle/dlƃ»k]0 ;]Ɯyflk, leŋj], dxf;d'Źá dxt+ e"tfg+ cfjf;ᶠtlŶd] e"tf - ltld ltldśná ltld/lkśná c;'/f gfuf
uƈƑf, j;lƃ dxf;d'Ź] oáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf»k]0 kťoáhg;ltsŽlk cųefjf¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, leŋj], co+ wƙljgoá dxt+ e"tfg+
cfjf;á. tlŶd] e"tf - ;átfkƉá ;átfklųmþn;lŞlsl/ofo klkƉá»k]0 c/xf c/xųfo klkƉá. olƕ, leŋj], co+ wƙljgoá
dxt+ e"tfg+ cfjf;ᶠtlŶd] e"tf - ;átfkƉá ;átfklųmþn;lŞlsl/ofo klkƉá»k]0 c/xf c/xųfo klkƉᶠco+, leŋj], OdƸƨ
wƙljgo] cŪdá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá, o+ lbƩf lbƩf leŋ" OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cle/dlƃ. Od] ±vëf, leŋj], OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cŪ
cŞl/of cư'tf wƙf, o] lbƩf lbƩf leŋ" OdƸƨ wƙljgo] cle/dƃLÆlt. b;d+.

dxfj±Ʈëf b'ltoá.

tƧ'Źfg+ -
j]/ŧá ;Lxá cfhţ+, vń'Ř]g dnflg r.
b"t]Ɯ+ ƀ] r aƈgf, kxf/fbá pká;±yëfltĶ

3= uxkltj±Ʈëf

1= k&dpƮ;'ų+
21= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf j];flno+ ljx/lt dxfjg] s"þfuf/;fnfo+ tŶ ±vëf eujf leŋ" cfdƃ]l; æcŪlx, leŋj], cŞl/o]lx
cư't]lx wƙ]lx û ;dƉfut+ pƮ+ uxkƸt j];flns+þ wf/]yfÆlt. Obdjár eujf. Ob+ jŷfg ;'utá pŪfof;gf ljxf/+ kfljl;.
cy ±vëf cţt/á leŋ' k'ƑŲ;do+ lgjf;]ŷf kųrLj/dfbfo o]g pƮƧ uxkltgá j];flnsƧ lgj];g+ t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf
kţų] cf;g] lg;Llb. cy ±vëf p±Ʈëf uxklt j];flnsŽ] o]g ;á leŋ' t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf t+ leŋ'+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb.
Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖ+ ±vëf pƮ+ uxkƸt j];flns+þ ;á leŋ' Ptbjár -
æcŪlx ±vëf ŷ+, uxklt, cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá eujtf Ɠfstá. std] t], uxklt, cŪ cŞl/of cư'tf
wƙf, o]lx ŷ+ ;dƉfutá eujtf ƓfstáÆltĠ æg ±vëf cx+, eƃ], hŽgfld - std]lx cŪlx cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá eujtf
Ɠfstált. clk r, eƃ], o] d] cŪ cŞl/of cư'tf wƙf ;+ljşlƃ, t+ ;'±)ëflx, ;fw'sþ+ dgl; s/álx¶ efl;ƧfdLÆlt. æPj+,
uxktLÆlt ±vëf ;á leŋ' pƮƧ uxkltgá j];flnsƧ kŝƧál;. p±Ʈëf uxklt j];flnsŽ] Ptbjár - æobfx+, eƃ], eujƃ+ k&d+
b"/táj cŹ;+¶ ;x bƧg]g]j d], eƃ] eujtá lrų+ k;Llb. co+ ±vëf d], eƃ], k&dá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá ;+ljşltÆ.
æ;á ±vëf cx+, eƃ], k;Ɖlrųá eujƃ+ klo?kfƸ;. tƧ d] eujf cg'k'ƸƑ sy+ s±yël; ;]Ɯlyb+ - bfgsy+ ;Lnsy+ ;Ʈsy+¶
sŽdfg+ cfbLgj+ cásŽ/+ ;+lsn];+, g]ŋƙ] cflg;+;+ ksŽ;]l;. obf d+ eujf cţfl; sƟlrų+ d'b'lrų+ ljgLj/)lrų+ pbƮlrų+ k;Ɖlrų+,
cy of a'źfg+ ;fd'Ŋ+þl;sŽ wƙb];gf t+ ksŽ;]l; - b'ŋ+, ;d'bo+, lg/áw+, dƮ+. ;]Ɯyflk gfd ;'ź+ jŴ+ ckutsŽńs+þ ;ƙb]j /hg+
klƮŲ]Ɯ¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf d] tƸƨo]j cf;g] lj/h+ jLtdn+ wƙrŋ'+ pbkflb - ‘o+ lslť ;d'bowƙ+, ;Ƒ+ t+ lg/áwwƙ’lƃ. ;á ±vëf cx+,
eƃ], lbŪwƙá kųwƙá ljlbtwƙá kl/oáufŃÜwƙá ltŰljlrlsŞá ljutsy+s±yëf j];f/şƍųá ck/ƍŝoá ;Ŵ';f;g] tŴ]j a'źť wƙť
;Ŝť ;/)+ cudfƸ;, Ɣƪrl/okťdflg r l;ŋfkbflg ;dflbƸo. co+ ±vëf d], eƃ], b'ltoá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá ;+ljşlt.
ætƧ dƞ+, eƃ], rtƧá sŽ]dfl/oá khŽkltoá cx];'+. cy őfx+, eƃ], o]g tf khŽkltoá t]g'k;ŘƸd¶ pk;Řldŷf tf
khŽkltoá Ptbjr+ - ‘dof ±vëf, elulgoá, Ɣƪrl/okťdflg l;ŋfkbflg ;dflbƉflg û . of OŞlt ;f O±wëj eá±uë r e'ŧt' k'ţflg
r s/át', ;sŽlg jf `flts'þnflg uŞt'. xált jf kg k'l/;flwƍfoá, sƧ já bƙL’ltĠ Pj+ j'ų] ;f, eƃ], h]Ūf khŽklt d+ Ptbjár
- ‘OŴƉfdƧ d+, cƜk'ų, k'l/;Ƨ b]xL’lt. cy ±vëf cx+, eƃ], t+ k'l/;+ kŊŽ];fk]ŷf jfd]g xŴ]g khŽkƸt ux]ŷf blŋ±)ëg xŴ]g
leśf/+ ux]ŷf tƧ k'l/;Ƨ cá±)ëfh]Ƹ;. sŽ]dfƸ/ ±vëf kgfx+, eƃ], bf/+ kl/ŝhƃá gflehŽgfld lrųƧ cţyų+. co+ ±vëf d], eƃ], tltoá
cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá ;+ljşlt.
æ;+ljşlƃ ±vëf kg d], eƃ], s'þn] eáuf. t] r ±vëf cƍlljeųf ;Lnjƃ]lx sƠf)wƙ]lx. co+ ±vëf d], eƃ], rt'Ŵá cŞl/oá
cư'tá wƙá ;+ljşlt.
æo+ ±vëf kgfx+, eƃ], leŋ'+ klo?kf;fld¶ ;Ŋŝ+o]j klo?kf;fld, gá c;Ŋŝ+. co+ ±vëf d], eƃ], kťdá cŞl/oá cư'tá
wƙá ;+ljşlt.
æ;á r], eƃ], d] cfoƨf wƙ+ b];]lt¶ ;Ŋŝ+o]j ;'±)ëfld, gá c;Ŋŝ+. gá r] d] ;á cfoƨf wƙ+ b];l] t, cxdƧ wƙ+ b];]ld.
co+ ±vëf d], eƃ] %Ūá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá ;+ljşlt.

16
æcgŞl/o+ ±vëf kg d+, eƃ], b]jtf pk;Řldŷf cf/ár]lƃ - ‘Ʃfŋftá, uxklt, eujtf wƙá’lt. Pj+ j'ų] cx+, eƃ],
tf b]jtf Pj+ jbfld - ‘jb]Ɯfy jf Pj+ ±vëf t'ƛ] b]jtf gá jf jb]Ɯfy, cy ±vëf Ʃfŋftá eujtf wƙá’lt. g ±vëf kgfx+, eƃ],
clehŽgfld ttálgbfg+ lrųƧ pƉƸt û - ‘d+ jf b]jtf pk;Řdlƃ, cx+ jf b]jtflx ;Ƹź ;ƟkfdL’lt. co+ ±vëf d], eƃ], ;ųdá
cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá ;+ljşlt.
æoflgdflg, eƃ], eujtf b]l;tflg kťá/Ƙfluoflg ;+oáhgflg, gfx+ t];+ lslť cųlg cƍxLg+ ;dg'kƧfld. co+ ±vëf d],
eƃ], cŪdá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá ;+ljşlt. Od] ±vëf d], eƃ], cŪ cŞl/of cư'tf wƙf ;+ljşlƃ. g r ±vëf cx+ hŽgfld - std]lx
rfx+ û cŪlx cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá eujtf ƓfstáÆlt.
cy ±vëf ;á leŋ' pƮƧ uxkltgá j];flnsƧ lgj];g] lkůkft+ ux]ŷf pŪfof;gf kŊŽld. cy ±vëf ;á leŋ' kŞfeų+
lkůkftklŊƃá o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf ;á leŋ' ofjtsŽ] cxál;
p±Ʈëg uxkltgf j];flns]þg ;Ƹź syf;Ɵfká, t+ ;Ƒ+ eujtá cf/ár]l;.
æ;fw' ;fw', leŋ'¹ oyf t+ p±Ʈëf uxklt j];flnsŽ] ;ƙf Ɠfs/dfgá Ɠfs/]Ɯ, Od]x]j ±vëf, leŋ', cŪlx cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx
wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá p±Ʈëf uxklt j];flnsŽ] dof Ɠfstá. Od]lx r kg, leŋ', cŪlx cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfut+ pƮ+ uxkƸt
j];flns+þ wf/]xLÆlt. k&d+.

2= b'ltopƮ;'ų+
22= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf jşL;' ljx/lt xlŴufd]. tŶ ±vëf eujf leŋ" cfdƃ]l; - æcŪlx, leŋj], cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx
wƙ]lx ;dƉfut+ pƮ+ uxkƸt xlŴufds+þ wf/]yfÆlt. Obdjár eujf. Ob+ jŷfg ;'utá pŪfof;gf ljxf/+ kfljl;.
cy ±vëf cţt/á leŋ' k'ƑŲ;do+ lgjf;]ŷf kųrLj/dfbfo o]g pƮƧ uxkltgá xlŴufdsƧ lgj];g+ t]g'k;Řld¶
pk;Řldŷf kţų] cf;g] lg;Llb. cy ±vëf p±Ʈëf uxklt xlŴufdsŽ] o]g ;á leŋ' t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf t+ leŋ'+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+
lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖ+ ±vëf pƮ+ uxkƸt xlŴufds+þ ;á leŋ' Ptbjár - æcŪlx ±vëf ŷ+, uxklt, cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx wƙ]lx
;dƉfutá eujtf Ɠfstá. std] t], uxklt, cŪ cŞl/of cư'tf wƙf, o]lx ŷ+ ;dƉfutá eujtf ƓfstáÆltĠ
æg ±vëf cx+, eƃ], hŽgfld - std]lx cŪlx cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá eujtf Ɠfstált. clk r, eƃ], o] d]
cŪ cŞl/of cư'tf wƙf ;+ljşlƃ, t+ ;')flx, ;fw's+þ dgl; s/álx¶ efl;ƧfdLÆlt. æPj+, uxktLÆlt ±vëf ;á leŋ' pƮƧ uxkltgá
xlŴufdsƧ kŝƧál;. p±Ʈëf uxklt xlŴufdsŽ] Ptbjár - æobfx+, eƃ], gfujg] kl/r/ƃá eujƃ+ k&d+ b"/táj cŹ;+¶ ;x
bƧg]g]j d], eƃ], eujtá lrų+ k;Llb, ;'/fdbá r kxLlo. co+ ±vëf d], eƃ], k&dá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá ;+ljşlt.
æ;á ±vëf cx+, eƃ], k;Ɖlrųá eujƃ+ klo?kfƸ;. tƧ d] eujf cg'k'ƸƑ sy+ s±yël;, ;]Ɯlyb+ - bfgsy+ ;Lnsy+
;Ʈsy+¶ sŽdfg+ cfbLgj+ cásŽ/+ ;+lsn];+, g]ŋƙ] cflg;+;+ ksŽ;]l;. obf d+ eujf cţfl; sƟlrų+ d'b'lrų+ ljgLj/)lrų+ pbƮlrų+
k;Ɖlrų+, cy of a'źfg+ ;fd'Ŋ+þl;sŽ wƙb];gf t+ ksŽ;]l; - b'ŋ+, ;d'bo+, lg/áw+, dƮ+. ;]Ɯyflk gfd ;'ź+ jŴ+ ckutsŽńs+þ ;ƙb]j
/hg+ klƮŲ]Ɯ¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf d] tƸƨo]j cf;g] lj/h+ jLtdn+ wƙrŋ'+ pbkflb - ‘o+ lslť ;d'bowƙ+, ;Ƒ+ t+ lg/áwwƙ’lƃ. ;á ±vëf
cx+, eƃ], lbŪwƙá kųwƙá ljlbtwƙá kl/oáufŃÜwƙá ltŰljlrlsŞá ljutsy+s±yëf j];f/şƍųá ck/ƍŝoá ;Ŵ';f;g] tŴ]j a'źť
wƙť ;Ŝť ;/)+ cudfƸ;, Ɣƪrl/okťdflg r l;ŋfkbflg ;dflbƸo. co+ ±vëf d], eƃ], b'ltoá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá ;+ljşlt.
ætƧ dƞ+, eƃ], rtƧá sŽ]dfl/oá khŽkltoá cx];'+. cy őfx+, eƃ], o]g tf khŽkltoá t]g'k;ŘƸd¶ pk;Řldŷf tf
khŽkltoá Ptbjr+ - ‘dof ±vëf, elulgoá, Ɣƪrl/okťdflg l;ŋfkbflg ;dflbƉflg. of OŞlt ;f O±wëj eá±uë r e'ŧt' k'ţflg r
s/át', ;sŽlg jf `flts'þnflg uŞt'. xált jf kg k'l/;flwƍfoá, sƧ já bƙL’ltĠ Pj+ j'ų] ;f, eƃ], h]Ūf khŽklt d+ Ptbjár -
‘OŴƉfdƧ d+, cƜk'ų, k'l/;Ƨ b]xL’lt. cy ±vëf cx+, eƃ], t+ k'l/;+ kŊŽ];fk]ŷf jfd]g xŴ]g khŽkƸt ux]ŷf blŋ±)ëg xŴ]g leśf/+
ux]ŷf tƧ k'l/;Ƨ cá±)ëfh]Ƹ;. sŽ]dfƸ/ ±vëf kgfx+, eƃ], bf/+ kl/ŝhƃá gflehŽgfld lrųƧ cţyų+. co+ ±vëf d], eƃ], tltoá
cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá ;+ljşlt.
æ;+ljşlƃ ±vëf kg d], eƃ], s'þn] eáuf. t] r ±vëf cƍlljeųf ;Lnjƃ]lx sƠf)wƙ]lx. co+ ±vëf d], eƃ], rt'Ŵá cŞl/oá
cư'tá wƙá ;+ljşlt.
æo+ ±vëf kgfx+, eƃ], leŋ'+ klo?kf;fld¶ ;Ŋŝ+o]j klo?kf;fld, gá c;Ŋŝ+. ;á r] d] cfoƨf wƙ+ b];]lt¶ ;Ŋŝ+o]j
;'±)ëfld, gá c;Ŋŝ+. gá r] d] ;á cfoƨf wƙ+ b];]lt, cxdƧ wƙ+ b];]ld. co+ ±vëf d], eƃ], kťdá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá ;+ljşlt.
æcgŞl/o+ ±vëf kg, eƃ], ;Ŝ] lgdlƃt] b]jtf pk;Řldŷf cf/ár]lƃ - ‘c;'sŽ], uxklt, leŋ' petáefuljd'ųá c;'sŽ]
kţfljd'ųá c;'sŽ] sŽo;ŋL c;'sŽ] lblŪƍųá û c;'sŽ] ;źfljd'ųá c;'sŽ] wƙfg';f/L c;'sŽ] ;źfg';f/L c;'sŽ] ;Lnjf sƠf)wƙá c;'sŽ] b'ƧLná
kfkwƙá’lt. ;Ŝ+ ±vëf kgfx+, eƃ], kl/lj;ƃá gflehŽgfld Pj+ lrų+ pƍfb]ƃá - ‘OdƧ jf ±yëfs+þ b]ld OdƧ jf ax's’lƃ. cy
őfx+, eƃ], ;dlrųáj b]ld. co+ ±vëf d], eƃ], %Ūá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá ;+ljşlt.
æcgŞl/o+ ±vëf kg d+, eƃ], b]jtf pk;Řldŷf cf/ár]lƃ - ‘Ʃfŋftá, uxklt, eujtf wƙá’lt. Pj+ j'ų] cx+, eƃ],
tf b]jtf Pj+ jb]ld - ‘jb]Ɯfy jf Pj+ ±vëf t'ƛ] b]jtf gá jf jb]Ɯfy, cy ±vëf Ʃfŋftá eujtf wƙá’lt. g ±vëf kgfx+, eƃ],
clehŽgfld ttálgbfg+ lrųƧ pƉƸt - ‘d+ tf b]jtf pk;Řdlƃ, cx+ jf b]jtflx ;Ƹź ;ƟkfdL’lt. co+ ±vëf d], eƃ], ;ųdá
cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá ;+ljşlt.
æ;r] ±vëf kgfx+, eƃ], eujtá k&dt/+ sŽn+ s/]Ɯ+, cgŞl/o+ ±vëf kg]t+ o+ d+ eujf Pj+ Ɠfs/]Ɯ - ‘glŴ t+ ;+oáhg+ o]g
;+o'ųá p±Ʈëf uxklt xlŴufdsŽ] k'g Od+ nás+þ cfuŞ]Ɯf’lt. co+ ±vëf d], eƃ], cŪdá cŞl/oá cư'tá wƙá ;+ljşlt. Od] ±vëf d],
eƃ], cŪ cŞl/of cư'tf wƙf ;+ljşlƃ. g r ±vëf cx+ hŽgfld - std]lx rfx+ cŪlx cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá eujtf
ƓfstáÆlt.

17
æcy ±vëf ;á leŋ' pƮƧ uxkltgá xlŴufdsƧ lgj];g] lkůkft+ ux]ŷf pŪfof;gf kŊŽld. cy ±vëf ;á leŋ' kŞfeų+
lkůkftklŊƃá o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf ;á leŋ' ofjtsŽ] cxál;
p±Ʈëg uxkltgf xlŴufds]þg ;Ƹź syf;Ɵfká, t+ ;Ƒ+ eujtá cf/ár]l;.
æ;fw' ;fw', leŋ'¹ oyf t+ p±Ʈëf uxklt xlŴufdsŽ] ;ƙf Ɠfs/dfgá Ɠfs/]Ɯ, Od]x]j ±vëf leŋ', cŪlx cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx
wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá p±Ʈëf uxklt xlŴufdsŽ] dof Ɠfstá. Od]lx r kg, leŋ', cŪlx cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfut+ pƮ+ uxkƸt
xlŴufds+þ wf/]xLÆlt. b'lto+.

3= k&dxŴs;'ų+
23= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf cfńljo+ ljx/lt cƮfńj] r]lto]. tŶ ±vëf eujf leŋ" cfdƃ]l; - æ;ųlx leŋj], cŞl/o]lx
cư't]lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfut+ xŴs+þ cfńjs+þ wf/]y. std]lx ;ųlxĠ ;źá lx, leŋj], xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ]¶ ;Lnjf, leŋj], xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ]¶
lx/Ldf, leŋj], xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ]¶ cáųƍL, leŋj], xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ]¶ ax'Ƨ'tá, leŋj], xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ]¶ rfujf, leŋj], xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ]¶
kţjf, leŋj], xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ] - Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], ;ųlx cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfut+ xŴs+þ cfńjs+þ wf/]yfÆlt. Obdjár
eujf. Ob+ jŷfg ;'utá pŪfof;gf ljxf/+ kfljl;.
cy ±vëf cţt/á leŋ' k'ƑŲ;do+ lgjf;]ŷf kųrLj/dfbfo o]g xŴsƧ cfńjsƧ lgj];g+ t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf kţų]
cf;g] lg;Llb. cy ±vëf xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ] o]g ;á leŋ' t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf t+ leŋ'+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖ+ ±vëf
xŴs+þ cfńjs+þ ;á leŋ' Ptbjár -
æ;ųlx ±vëf ŷ+, cfj';á, cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá eujtf Ɠfstá. std]lx ;ųlxĠ ‘;źá, leŋj], xŴsŽ]
cfńjsŽ]¶ ;Lnjf»k]0 lxl/df» cáųƍL» ax'Ƨ'tá» rfujf» kţjf, leŋj], xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ]’lt. Od]lx ±vëf ŷ+, cfj';á, ;ųlx
cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá eujtf ƓfstáÆlt. æslŝŴ, eƃ], g sŽ]lr luxL cxál; cábftj;gáÆltĠ æg x]Ŵ, cfj';á
sŽ]lr luxL cxál; cábftj;gáÆlt. æ;fw', eƃ], ob]Ŵ g sŽ]lr luxL cxál; cábftj;gáÆlt.
cy ±vëf ;á leŋ' xŴsƧ cfńjsƧ lgj];g] lkůkft+ ux]ŷf pŪfof;gf kŊŽld cy ±vëf ;á leŋ' kŞfeų+ lkůkftklŊƃá o]g
eujf t]g'k;Řld pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf ;á leŋ' eujƃ+ Ptbjár -
æOwfx+, eƃ], k'ƑŲ;do+ lgjf;]ŷf kųrLj/dfbfo o]g xŴsƧ cfńjsƧ lgj];g+ t]g'k;ŘƸd¶ pk;Řldŷf kţų] cf;g]
lg;LƸb. cy ±vëf, eƃ], xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ] o]gfx+ t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf d+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖ+ ±vëf cx+, eƃ],
xŴs+þ cfńjs+þ Ptbjr+ - ‘;ųlx ±vëf ŷ+, cfj';á, cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá eujtf Ɠfstá. std]lx ;ųlxĠ ;źá,
leŋj], xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ]¶ ;Lnjf»k]0 lxl/df» cáųƍL» ax'Ƨ'tá» rfujf» kţjf, leŋj], xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ]lt. Od]lx ±vëf ŷ+,
cfj';á, ;ųlx cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá eujtf Ɠfstá’lt.
æPj+ j'ų], eƃ], xŴsŽ] d+ Ptbjár - ‘slŝŴ, eƃ], g sŽ]lr luxL cxál; cábftj;gá’ltĠ ‘g x]Ŵ, cfj';á, sŽ]lr luxL
cxál; cábftj;gá’lt. ‘;fw', eƃ], ob]Ŵ g sŽ]lr luxL cxál; cábftj;gá’Ælt.
æ;fw' ;fw', leŋ'¹ clƍŞá ;á, leŋ', s'þnk'ųá ;ƃ]o]j cųlg s'þ;nwƙ] g OŞlt k/]lx `fodfg] û . t]g lx ŷ+, leŋ',
Oldgflk cŪd]g cŞl/o]g cư't]g wƙ]g ;dƉfut+ xŴs+þ cfńjs+þ wf/]lx, olbb+ clƍŞtfofÆlt. tlto+.

4= b'ltoxŴs;'ų+
24= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf cfńljo+ ljx/lt cƮfńj] r]lto]. cy ±vëf xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ] kťdų]lx pkf;s;t]lx kl/j'tá o]g
eujf t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖ+ ±vëf xŴs+þ cfńjs+þ eujf Ptbjár - ædxtL ±vëf
ŵfo+, xŴs, kl/;f. sy+ kg ŷ+, xŴs, Od+ dxƸt kl/;+ ;śŲf;LÆltĠ æoflgdflg, eƃ], eujtf b]l;tflg û rųfl/
;śxjŴ"lg, t]xfx+ û Od+ dxƸt kl/;+ ;śŲfld. cx+, eƃ], o+ hŽgfld - ‘co+ bfg]g ;śx]tƑá’lt, t+ bfg]g ;śŲfld¶ o+ hŽgfld
- ‘co+ k]Ɯjş]g ;śx]tƑá’lt, t+ k]Ɯjş]g ;śŲfld¶ o+ hŽgfld - ‘co+ cŴrl/ofo ;śx]tƑá’lt, t+ cŴrl/ofo ;śŲfld¶ o+
hŽgfld - ‘co+ ;dfgųtfo ;śx]tƑá’lt, t+ ;dfgųtfo ;śŲfld. ;+ljşlƃ ±vëf kg d], eƃ], s'þn] eáuf. blnŹƧ ±vëf gá tyf
;átƑ+ dţƃLÆlt. æ;fw' ;fw', xŴs¹ oálg ±vëf ŵfo+, xŴs, dxƸt kl/;+ ;śx]t'+. o] lx s]þlr, xŴs, ctLtdźfg+ dxƸt kl/;+
;śx];'+, ;Ƒ] t] Od]x]j rt"lx ;śxjŴ"lx dxƸt kl/;+ ;śx];'+. o]lk lx s]þlr, xŴs, cgfutdźfg+ dxƸt kl/;+ ;ślŲƧlƃ ;Ƒ] t]
Od]x]j rt"lx ;śxjŴ"lx dxƸt kl/;+ ;ślŲƧlƃ. o]lk lx s]þlr, xŴs, Pt/lx dxƸt kl/;+ ;śŲlƃ, ;Ƒ] t] Od]x]j rt"lx
;śxjŴ"lx dxƸt kl/;+ ;śŲƃLÆlt.
cy ±vëf xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ] eujtf wlƙof syfo ;ƆlƧtá ;dfblktá ;d'ų]lhtá ;ƕx+l;tá pŪfof;gf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf
kblŋ)+ sŷf kŊŽld cy ±vëf eujf clr/kŊƃ] xŴs]þ cfńjs]þ leŋ" cfdƃ]l; - æcŪlx, leŋj], cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfut+
xŴs+þ cfńjs+þ wf/]y. std]lx cŪlxĠ ;źá, leŋj], xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ]¶ ;Lnjf, leŋj]»k]0 lx/Ldf» cáųƍL» ax'Ƨ'tá» rfujf»
kţjf, leŋj], xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ]¶ clƍŞá, leŋj], xŴsŽ] cfńjsŽ]. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx cŞl/o]lx cư't]lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfut+ xŴs+þ
cfńjs+þ wf/]yfÆlt. rt'Ŵ+.

5= dxfgfd;'ų+
25= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf ;Ŋ]þ;' ljx/lt slknjŴ'Ƹƨ lgŖáwf/fd]. cy ±vëf dxfgfdá ;ŊŽ] o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf

18
eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf dxfgfdá ;ŊŽ] eujƃ+ Ptbjár - ælsųfjtf g' ±vëf, eƃ], pkf;sŽ]
xátLÆltĠ æotá ±vëf, dxfgfd, a'ź+ ;/)+ utá xált, wƙ+ ;/)+ utá xált, ;Ŝ+ ;/)+ utá xált¶ Pųfjtf ±vëf, dxfgfd, pkf;sŽ]
xátLÆlt.
ælsųfjtf kg, eƃ], pkf;sŽ] ;Lnjf xátLÆltĠ æotá ±vëf, dxfgfd pkf;sŽ] kf)fltkftf kllj/tá xált, clbƉfbfgf
kllj/tá xált, sŽd];'ldŞfrf/f kllj/tá xált, d';fjfbf kllj/tá xált, ;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfgf kllj/tá xált¶ Pųfjtf
±vëf, dxfgfd, pkf;sŽ] ;Lnjf xátLÆlt.
ælsųfjtf kg, eƃ], pkf;sŽ] cųlxtfo klkƉá xált, gá k/lxtfofÆltĠ æotá ±vëf, dxfgfd, pkf;sŽ] cųgfj
;źf;ƕƉá xált, gá k/+ ;źf;ƕbfo ;dfbk]lt û ¶ cųgfj ;Ln;ƕƉá xált, gá k/+ ;Ln;ƕbfo ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgfj rfu;ƕƉá
xált, gá k/+ rfu;ƕbfo ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgfj leŋ"g+ bƧgsŽdá xált, gá k/+ leŋ"g+ bƧg] ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgfj ;źƙ+ ;át'sŽdá xált,
gá k/+ ;źƙƧjg] ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgfj ;'tfg+ wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált, gá k/+ wƙwf/)fo ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgfj ;'tfg+ wƙfg+
cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált, gá k/+ cŴ"kkl/ŋfo ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgfj cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá xált, gá k/+
wƙfg'wƙƍlklųof ;dfbk]lt. Pųfjtf ±vëf, dxfgfd, pkf;sŽ] cųlxtfo klkƉá xált, gá k/lxtfofÆlt.
ælsųfjtf kg, eƃ], pkf;sŽ] cųlxtfo r klkƉá xált k/lxtfo rfÆltĠ æotá ±vëf, dxfgfd, pkf;sŽ] cųgf r
;źf;ƕƉá xált, k/ť ;źf;ƕbfo ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgf r ;Ln;ƕƉá xált, k/ť ;Ln;ƕbfo ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgf r rfu;ƕƉá xált,
k/ť rfu;ƕbfo ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgf r leŋ"g+ bƧgsŽdá xált, k/ť leŋ"g+ bƧg] ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgf r ;źƙ+ ;át'sŽdá xált, k/ť
;źƙƧjg] ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgf r ;'tfg+ wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált, k/ť wƙwf/)fo ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgf r ;'tfg+ wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf
xált, k/ť cŴ"kkl/ŋfo ;dfbk]lt, cųgf r cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá xált, k/ť wƙfg'wƙƍlklųof ;dfbk]lt.
Pųfjtf ±vëf, dxfgfd, pkf;sŽ] cųlxtfo r klkƉá xált k/lxtfo rfÆlt. kťd+.

6= hLjs;'ų+
26= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf /fhux] ljx/lt hLjsƗjg]. cy ±vëf hLjsŽ] sŽ]df/eŝá o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+
clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf hLjsŽ] sŽ]df/eŝá eujƃ+ Ptbjár - ælsųfjtf g' ±vëf, eƃ], pkf;sŽ] xátLÆltĠ
æotá ±vëf, hLjs, a'ź+ ;/)+ utá xált, wƙ+ ;/)+ utá xált, ;Ŝ+ ;/)+ utá xált¶ Pųfjtf ±vëf hLjs, pkf;sŽ] xátLÆlt.
ælsųfjtf kg, eƃ], pkf;sŽ] ;Lnjf xátLÆltĠ æotá ±vëf, hLjs, pkf;sŽ] kf)fltkftf kllj/tá xált»k]0
;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfgf kllj/tá xált¶ Pųfjtf ±vëf, hLjs, pkf;sŽ] ;Lnjf xátLÆlt.
ælsųfjtf kg, eƃ], pkf;sŽ] cųlxtfo klkƉá xált, gá k/lxtfofÆltĠ æotá ±vëf, hLjs, pkf;sŽ] cųgfj
;źf;ƕƉá xált, gá k/+ ;źf;ƕbfo ;dfbk]lt»k]0 cųgfj cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá xált, gá k/+
wƙfg'wƙƍlklųof ;dfbk]lt. Pųfjtf ±vëf, hLjs, pkf;sŽ] cųlxtfo klkƉá xált, gá k/lxtfofÆlt.
ælsųfjtf kg, eƃ], pkf;sŽ] cųlxtfo r klkƉá xált k/lxtfo rfÆltĠ æotá ±vëf, hLjs, pkf;sŽ] cųgf r
;źf;ƕƉá xált, k/ť ;źf;ƕbfo ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgf r ;Ln;ƕƉá xált, k/ť ;Ln;ƕbfo ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgf r rfu;ƕƉá xált,
k/ť rfu;ƕbfo ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgf r leŋ"g+ bƧgsŽdá xált, k/ť leŋ"g+ bƧg] ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgf r ;źƙ+ ;át'sŽdá xált, k/ť
;źƙƧjg] ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgf r ;'tfg+ wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált, k/ť wƙwf/)fo ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgf r ;'tfg+ wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf
xált, k/ť cŴ"kkl/ŋfo ;dfbk]lt¶ cųgf r cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá xált, k/ť wƙfg'wƙƍlklųof ;dfbk]lt.
Pųfjtf ±vëf, hLjs, pkf;sŽ] cųlxtfo r klkƉá xált k/lxtfo rfÆlt. %Ū+.

7= k&dan;'ų+
27= æclŪdflg leŋj], anflg. stdflg cŪĠ ?Űanf, leŋj], bf/sŽ, sŽ]wanf dft'ufdf, cfj'wanf rá/f, OƧl/oanf
/fhŽgá, pŢlųanf afnf, lgŢlųanf klůtf, kl;řfganf ax'Ƨ'tf, vlƃanf ;d)Ɣfƪ)f - Odflg ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ anfgLÆlt.
;ųd+.

8= b'ltoan;'ų+
28= cy ±vëf cfoƨf ;fl/k'ųá o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖ+ ±vëf
cfoƨƃ+ ;fl/k'ų+ eujf Ptbjár - æslt g' ±vëf, ;fl/k'ų, vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá anflg, o]lx an]lx ;dƉfutá vL)f;já leŋ' cf;jfg+
vo+ klhŽgflt - ‘vL)f d] cf;jf’ÆltĠ æcŪ, eƃ], vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá anflg, o]lx an]lx ;dƉfutá vL)f;já leŋ' cf;jfg+ vo+
klhŽgflt - ‘vL)f d] cf;jf’Ælt.
æstdflg cŪĠ û Ow, eƃ], vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá clgŝtá ;Ƒ] ;řf/f oyfe"t+ ;ƙƍţfo ;'lbŪf xálƃ. olƕ, eƃ],
vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá clgŝtá ;Ƒ] ;řf/f oyfe"t+ ;ƙƍţfo ;'lbŪf xálƃ, Oblƕ, eƃ], vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá an+ xált, o+ an+ cfuƙ
vL)f;já leŋ' cf;jfg+ vo+ klhŽgflt - ‘vL)f d] cf;jf’Ælt.
æk'g rk/+, eƃ], vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá cśf/sŽ;"kdf sŽdf oyfe"t+ ;ƙƍţfo ;'lbŪf xálƃ. olƕ, eƃ], vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá
cśf/sŽ;"kdf sŽdf oyfe"t+ ;ƙƍţfo ;'lbŪf xálƃ, Oblƕ, eƃ], vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá an+ xált, o+ an+ cfuƙ vL)f;já leŋ' cf;jfg+
vo+ klhŽgflt - ‘vL)f d] cf;jf’Ælt.

19
æk'g rk/+, eƃ], vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá ljj]slgƉ+ lrų+ xált ljj]ská)+ ljj]skưf/+ ljj]sŪ+ g]ŋƙfle/t+ Ɠlƃe"t+ ;Ƒ;á
cf;jŪflgo]lx wƙ]lx. olƕ, eƃ], vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá ljj]slgƉ+ lrų+ xált ljj]ská)+ ljj]skưf/+ ljj]sŪ+ g]ŋƙfle/t+ Ɠlƃe"t+ ;Ƒ;á
cf;jŪflgo]lx wƙ]lx, Oblƕ, eƃ], vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá an+ xált, o+ an+ cfuƙ vL)f;já leŋ' cf;jfg+ vo+ klhŽgflt - ‘vL)f d]
cf;jf’Ælt.
æk'g rk/+, eƃ], vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá rųf/á ;ltkŪfgf efljtf xálƃ ;'efljtf. olƕ, eƃ], vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá rųf/á
;ltkŪfgf efljtf xálƃ ;'efljtf, Oblƕ, eƃ], vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá an+ xált, o+ an+ cfuƙ vL)f;já leŋ' cf;jfg+ vo+ klhŽgflt -
‘vL)f d] cf;jf’Ælt.
æk'g rk/+, eƃ], vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá rųf/á Olźkfbf efljtf xálƃ ;'efljtf»k]0 klťlƇoflg efljtflg xálƃ
;'efljtflg»k]0 ;ų aáŢśf efljtf xálƃ ;'efljtf»k]0 cl/oá cŪlśsŽ] d±Ʈëf efljtá xált ;'efljtá. olƕ, eƃ], vL)f;jƧ
leŋ'gá cl/oá cŪlśsŽ] d±Ʈëf efljtá xált ;'efljtá, Oblƕ, eƃ], vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá an+ xált, o+ an+ cfuƙ vL)f;já leŋ' cf;jfg+
vo+ klhŽgflt - ‘vL)f d] cf;jf’Ælt.
æOdflg ±vëf, eƃ], cŪ vL)f;jƧ leŋ'gá anflg, o]lx an]lx ;dƉfutá vL)f;já leŋ' cf;jfg+ vo+ klhŽgflt - ‘vL)f
d] cf;jf’Ælt. cŪd+.

9= cŋ);'ų+
29= æ‘v)lsŝá násŽ], v)lsŝá násŽ]’lt, leŋj], cƧ'tjf k'y'şgá ef;lt, gá r ±vëf ;á hŽgflt v)+ jf cŋ)+ jf.
clŪd], leŋj], cŋ)f c;dof Ɣƪrl/ojf;fo. std] cŪĠ Ow, leŋj], tyfutá r nás]þ pƍƉá xált c/x+ ;ƙf;Ɨ'źá
ljşŽr/);ƕƉá ;'utá násljb" cg'ų/á k'l/;bƙ;f/ly ;Ŵf b]jdg'Ƨfg+ a'źá eujf, wƙá r b]l;olt cák;ldsŽ] kl/lgƑflgsŽ]
;ƗáwufdL ;'utƍj]lbtᶠcoť k'Ʈná lg/o+ pkkƉá xált. co+, leŋj], k&dá cŋ±)ëf c;doá Ɣƪrl/ojf;fo.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], tyfutá r nás]þ pƍƉá xált»k]0 ;Ŵf b]jdg'Ƨfg+ a'źá eujf, wƙá r b]l;olt cák;ldsŽ]
kl/lgƑflgsŽ] ;ƗáwufdL ;'utƍj]lbtᶠcoť k'Ʈná lt/ŞfgoáƸg pkkƉá xált»k]0.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj]»k]0 coť k'Ʈná k]lųlj;o+ pkkƉá xált»k]0.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj]»k]0 coť k'Ʈná cţt/+ bL#fo's+þ b]jlgsŽo+ pkkƉá xált»k]0.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj]»k]0 coť k'Ʈná kŝlƃd];' hgkb];' kŝfhŽtá xált, ;á r xált cljţftf/];' ldnŋ];' û , oŴ glŴ
ult leŋ"g+ leŋ'gLg+ pkf;sŽg+ pkfl;sŽg+»k]0 kťdá cŋ±)ëf c;doá Ɣƪrl/ojf;fo.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj]»k]0 coť k'Ʈná dlŢd];' hgkb];' kŝfhŽtá xált, ;á r xált ldŞflblŪsŽ] ljk/LtbƧgá - ‘glŴ
lbƉ+, glŴ loŪ+, glŴ x't+, glŴ ;'stb'Ŋfg+ sƙfg+ mþn+ ljkfsŽ], glŴ co+ násŽ], glŴ k/á násŽ], glŴ dftf, glŴ lktf, glŴ ;ųf
cákkfltsŽ, glŴ nás]þ ;d)Ɣfƪ)f ;ƙƮtf ;ƙf klkƉf o] Odť nás+þ k/ť nás+þ ;o+ cleţf ;lŞsŷf kj]b]ƃL’lt»k]0.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj]»k]0 coť k'Ʈná dlŢd];' hgkb];' kŝfhŽtá xált ;á r xált b'ƍţá hńá Pńd"±uëf cƍlaná
;'efl;tb'ưfl;tƧ cŴdţft'+. co+, leŋj], ;ųdá cŋ±)ëf c;doá Ɣƪrl/ojf;fo.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], tyfutá r nás]þ cg'ƍƉá xált c/x+ ;ƙf;Ɨ'źá»k]0 ;Ŵf b]jdg'Ƨfg+ a'źá eujf. wƙá r g
b]l;olt cák;ldsŽ] kl/lgƑflgsŽ] ;ƗáwufdL ;'utƍj]lbtá. coť k'Ʈná dlŢd];' hgkb];' kŝfhŽtá xált, ;á r xált kţjf chńá
cg]ńd"±uëf klaná ;'efl;tb'ưfl;tƧ cŴdţft'+. co+, leŋj], cŪdá cŋ±)ëf c;doá Ɣƪrl/ojf;fo. ‘Od] ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ cŋ)f
c;dof Ɣƪrl/ojf;fo’Æ.
æPsŽ]j ±vëf, leŋj], v±)ëf r ;doá r Ɣƪrl/ojf;fo. stdá PsŽ]Ġ Ow, leŋj], tyfutá r nás]þ pƍƉá xált c/x+
;ƙf;Ɨ'źá ljşŽr/);ƕƉá ;'utá násljb" cg'ų/á k'l/;bƙ;f/ly ;Ŵf b]jdg'Ƨfg+ a'źá eujf. wƙá r b]l;olt cák;ldsŽ]
kl/lgƑflgsŽ] ;ƗáwufdL ;'utƍj]lbtá. coť k'Ʈná dlŢd];' hgkb];' kŝfhŽtá xált, ;á r xált kţjf chńá cg]ńd"±uëf klaná
;'efl;tb'ưfl;tƧ cŴdţft'+. co+, leŋj], PsŽ]j v±)ëf r ;doá r Ɣƪrl/ojf;fofÆlt.
ædg'Ƨnfe+ û nźfg, ;źƙ] ;'ƍj]lbt].
o] v)+ gflwuŞlƃ, cltgfd]lƃ t] v)+Ķ
æax" lx cŋ)f j'ųf, dƮƧ cƃ/flosŽ.
sbflr s/xlr nás]þ, pƍşlƃ tyfutfĶ
ætlob+ û ;ƙ'vLe"t+, o+ násƸƨ ;'b'Ɵe+.
dg'Ƨklnfeá r, ;źƙƧ r b];gf.
cn+ jfoldt'+ tŴ, cųsŽd]g û hƃ'gfĶ
æsy+ ljhţf ;źƙ+, v±)ëf j] û df pkŝuf.
v)ftLtf lx ;árlƃ, lg/olƛ ;dlƍtfĶ
æOw r] g+ lj/f±wëlt, ;źƙƧ lgofdt+ û .
jfl)hŽ]j ctLtŴá, lr/ų+ û cg'tlkƧltĶ
æcljşŽlgj'tá ká;á, ;źƙ+ ck/flwsŽ].
hŽltd/);+;f/+, lr/+ kŝg'eáƧltĶ

20
æo] r nźf dg'Ƨų+, ;źƙ] ;'ƍj]lbt].
cs+þ;' ;Ŵ' jrg+, sl/Ƨlƃ s/álƃ jfĶ
æv)+ kŝljb'+ nás]þ, Ɣƪrl/o+ cg'ų/+.
o] dƮ+ klkƸş;', tyfutƍj]lbt+Ķ
æo] ;+j/f rŋ'dtf, b]l;tflbŝaƈ'gf.
t];' û u'ųá ;bf ;tá, ljx/] cgjƧ'táĶ
æ;Ƒ] cg';o] %]ŷf, df/±wëƜk/fg'±uë.
t] j] kf/śtf û nás]þ, o] kųf cf;jŋoÆlƃĶ gjd+.

10= cg'?źdxfljtŊ;'ų+
30= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf e±Ʈë;' ljx/lt ;'+;'df/lu/] e];sńfjg] ldubfo]. t]g ±vëf kg ;do]g cfoƨf cg'?źá r]tL;'
ljx/lt kfrLgj+;bfo]. cy ±vëf cfoƨtá cg'?źƧ /xáutƧ kl;ƟLgƧ Pj+ r]t;á kl/ljtŊŽ] pbkflb - æclƍŞƧfo+ wƙá, gfo+
wƙá dlxŞƧ¶ ;ƃ'ŪƧfo+ wƙá gfo+ wƙá c;ƃ'ŪƧ¶ kljljųƧfo+ wƙá, gfo+ wƙá ;śl)sŽ/fdƧ¶ cf/źjLl/oƧfo+ wƙá, gfo+ wƙá
s'þ;LtƧ¶ pklŪtƧltƧfo+ û wƙá, gfo+ wƙá d'ŪƧltƧ û ¶ ;dflxtƧfo+ wƙá, gfo+ wƙá c;dflxtƧ¶ kţjtá co+ wƙá, gfo+ wƙá
b'ƍţƧfÆlt.
cy ±vëf eujf cfoƨtá cg'?źƧ r]t;f r]tákl/ljtŊdţfo - ;]Ɯyflk gfd anjf k'l/;á ;ldlŧt+ jf afx+ k;f/]Ɯ,
k;fl/t+ jf afx+ ;ldŧ]Ɯ¶ Pjd]j+ - e±Ʈë;' ;'+;'df/lu/] e];sńfjg] ldubfo] cƃ/lxtá r]tL;' kfrLgj+;bfo] cfoƨtá cg'?źƧ ;ƙ'±vë
kft'/xál;. lg;Llb eujf kţų] cf;g]. cfoƨflk ±vëf cg'?źá eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+
0233lgl;Ɖ+ ±vëf cfoƨƃ+ cg'?ź+ eujf Ptbjár -
æ;fw' ;fw', cg'?ź¹ ;fw' ±vëf ŷ+, cg'?ź, ‘o+ t+ dxfk'l/;ljtŊ+þ’ û ljtŊ]þl; - ‘clƍŞƧfo+ wƙá, gfo+ wƙá dlxŞƧ¶
;ƃ'ŪƧfo+ wƙá, gfo+ wƙá c;ƃ'ŪƧ¶ kljljųƧfo+ wƙá, gfo+ wƙá ;śl)sŽ/fdƧ¶ cf/źjLl/oƧfo+ wƙá, gfo+ wƙá s'þ;LtƧ¶
pklŪtƧltƧfo+ wƙá, gfo+ wƙá d'ŪƧltƧ¶ ;dflxtƧfo+ wƙá, gfo+ wƙá c;dflxtƧ¶ kţjtá co+ wƙá, gfo+ wƙá b'ƍţƧf’lt. t]g
lx ŷ+, cg'?ź, Odlƕ cŪd+ dxfk'l/;ljtŊ+þ ljtŊ]þlx - ‘lgƍkťf/fdƧfo+ wƙá lgƍkť/ltgá, gfo+ wƙá kkťf/fdƧ
kkť/ltgá’Ælt.
æotá ±vëf ŷ+, cg'?ź, Od] cŪ dxfk'l/;ljtŊ]þ ljtŊ]þƧl;, ttá ŷ+, cg'?ź, ofjb]j û cfslřƧl;, ljljŝ]j sŽd]lx
ljljŝ cs'þ;n]lx wƙ]lx ;ljtŊ+þ ;ljrf/+ ljj]sh+ kLlt;'v+ k&d+ ´fg+ pk;ƕş ljxl/Ƨl;.
æotá ±vëf ŷ+, cg'?ź, Od] cŪ dxfk'l/;ljtŊ]þ ljtŊ]þƧl;, ttá ŷ+, cg'?ź, ofjb]j cfslřƧl;, ljtŊljrf/fg+
j"k;df cŢų+ ;ƕ;fbg+ r]t;á PsŽ]lbefj+ cljtŊ+þ cljrf/+ ;dflwh+ kLlt;'v+ b'lto+ ´fg+ pk;ƕş ljxl/Ƨl;.
æotá ±vëf ŷ+, cg'?ź, Od] cŪ dxfk'l/;ljtŊ]þ ljtŊ]þƧl;, ttá ŷ+, cg'?ź ofjb]j cfslřƧl;, kLltof r lj/fuf
pk]ŋsŽ] r ljxl/Ƨl; ;tá r ;ƕhŽgá ;'vť sŽo]g kl;+j]lbƧl; o+ t+ cl/of cflrŋlƃ - ‘pk]ŋsŽ] ;ltdf ;'vljxf/L’lt tlto+ ´fg+
pk;ƕş ljxl/Ƨl;.
æotá ±vëf ŷ+, cg'?ź, Od] cŪ dxfk'l/;ljtŊ]þ ljtŊ]þƧl;, ttá ŷ+, cg'?ź, ofjb]j cfslřƧl;, ;'vƧ r kxfgf
b'ŋƧ r kxfgf k'Ƒ]j ;ádgƧbádgƧfg+ cŴśdf cb'ŋd;'v+ pk]ŋf;ltkfl/;'Ƹź rt'Ŵ+ ´fg+ pk;ƕş ljxl/Ƨl;.
æotá ±vëf ŷ+, cg'?ź, Od] r cŪ dxfk'l/;ljtŊ]þ ljtŊ]þƧl;, Od];ť rt'Ɖ+ ´fgfg+ cfler]tl;sŽg+ lbŪwƙ;'vljxf/fg+
lgsŽdnfeL eljƧl; clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL, ttá t'ƞ+, cg'?ź, ;]Ɯyflk gfd uxkltƧ jf uxkltk'ųƧ jf gfgf/ųfg+ b'Ƨfg+
b'Ƨs/ůsŽ] k"/ᶠPjd]j+ t] k+;'s"þnrLj/+ vfloƧlt ;ƃ'ŪƧ ljx/tá /ltof ckl/tƧfo mþf;'ljxf/fo cáŊdgfo lgƑfgƧ.
æotá ±vëf ŷ+, cg'?ź, Od] r cŪ dxfk'l/;ljtŊ]þ ljtŊ]þƧl;, Od];ť rt'Ɖ+ ´fgfg+ cfler]tl;sŽg+ lbŪwƙ;'vljxf/fg+
lgsŽdnfeL eljƧl; clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL, ttá t'ƞ+, cg'?ź, ;]Ɯyflk gfd uxkltƧ jf uxkltk'ųƧ jf ;fnLg+ cábgá
ljlrtsŽńsŽ] cg]s;"ká cg]sƓŧgᶠPjd]j+ t] lklůofnákeáhg+ vfloƧlt ;ƃ'ŪƧ ljx/tá /ltof ckl/tƧfo mþf;'ljxf/fo cáŊdgfo
lgƑfgƧ.
æotá ±vëf ŷ+, cg'?ź, Od] r cŪ dxfk'l/;ljtŊ]þ ljtŊ]þƧl;, Od];ť rt'Ɖ+ ´fgfg+ cfler]tl;sŽg+ lbŪwƙ;'vljxf/fg+
lgsŽdnfeL eljƧl; clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL, ttá t'ƞ+, cg'?ź, ;]Ɯyflk gfd uxkltƧ jf uxkltk'ųƧ jf s"þfuf/+ plƟųfjlnų+
lgjft+ m'þl;tƮń+ lklxtjftkfg+¶ Pjd]j+ t] ?ŋd"n;]gf;g+ vfloƧlt ;ƃ'ŪƧ ljx/tá /ltof ckl/tƧfo mþf;'ljxf/fo cáŊdgfo
lgƑfgƧ.
æotá ±vëf ŷ+, cg'?ź, Od] r cŪ dxfk'l/;ljtŊ]þ ljtŊ]þƧl;, Od];ť rt'Ɖ+ ´fgfg+ cfler]tl;sŽg+ lbŪwƙ;'vljxf/fg+
lgsŽdnfeL eljƧl; clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL, ttá t'ƞ+, cg'?ź ;]Ɯyflk gfd uxkltƧ jf uxkltk'ųƧ jf kƟŘá ±uëfgsŴtá
klsŴtá klnsŴtá sblnldukj/kŝŴ/±)ëf û ;pų/Şbá petánálxts"þkwfgᶠPjd]j+ t] lt);ƅf/s;ogf;g+ vfloƧlt ;ƃ'ŪƧ
ljx/tá /ltof ckl/tƧfo mþf;'ljxf/fo cáŊdgfo lgƑfgƧ.
æotá ±vëf ŷ+, cg'?ź, Od] r cŪ dxfk'l/;ljtŊ]þ ljtŊ]þƧl;, Od];ť rt'Ɖ+ ´fgfg+ cfler]tl;sŽg+ lbŪwƙ;'vljxf/fg+
lgsŽdnfeL eljƧl; clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL, ttá t'ƞ+, cg'?ź, ;]Ɯyflk gfd uxkltƧ jf uxkltk'ųƧ jf gfgfe];şŽlg, ;]Ɯlyb+
- ;lƍ gjgLt+ t]n+ dw' mþfl)t+¶ Pjd]j+ t] k"ltd'ųe];ş+ vfloƧlt ;ƃ'ŪƧ ljx/tá /ltof ckl/tƧfo mþf;'ljxf/fo cáŊdgfo

21
lgƑfgƧ. t]g lx ŷ+, cg'?ź, cfoltslƕ jƧfjf;+ O±wëj r]tL;' kfrLgj+;bfo] ljx/]Ɯf;LÆlt. æPj+, eƃ]Ælt ±vëf cfoƨf cg'?źá
eujtá kŝƧál;.
cy ±vëf eujf cfoƨƃ+ cg'?ź+ Oldgf cájfb]g cájlbŷf - ;]Ɯyflk gfd anjf k'l/;á ;ldlŧt+ jf afx+ k;f/]Ɯ,
k;fl/t+ jf afx+ ;ldŧ]Ɯ, Pjd]j+ - r]tL;' kfrLgj+;bfo] cƃ/lxtá e±Ʈë;' ;'+;'df/lu/] e];sńfjg] ldubfo] kft'/xá;Llt. lg;Llb
eujf kţų] cf;g]. lg;ş ±vëf eujf leŋ" cfdƃ]l; - æcŪ ±vëf, leŋj], dxfk'l/;ljtŊ]þ b];]Ƨfld, t+ ;')fy»k]0 std] r,
leŋj], cŪ dxfk'l/;ljtŊŽĠ clƍŞƧfo+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá dlxŞƧ¶ ;ƃ'ŪƧfo+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá c;ƃ'ŪƧ¶
kljljųƧfo+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá ;śl)sŽ/fdƧ¶ cf/źjLl/oƧfo+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá s'þ;LtƧ¶ pklŪtƧltƧfo+, leŋj],
wƙá, gfo+ wƙá d'ŪƧltƧ¶ ;dflxtƧfo+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá c;dflxtƧ¶ kţjtá co+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá b'ƍţƧ¶
lgƍkťf/fdƧfo+, leŋj], wƙá lgƍkť/ltgá, gfo+ wƙá kkťf/fdƧ kkť/ltgáÆ.
æ‘clƍŞƧfo+ leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá dlxŞƧf’lt, Olt ±vëf kg]t+ j'ų+. lsť]t+ klŝ j'ų+Ġ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' clƍŞá
;dfgá ‘clƍŞált d+ hŽg]Ɯ'’lƃ g OŞlt, ;ƃ'Ūá ;dfgá ‘;ƃ'Ūált d+ hŽg]Ɯ'’lƃ g OŞlt, kljljųá ;dfgá ‘kljljųált d+ hŽg]Ɯ'’lƃ
g OŞlt, cf/źjLl/oá ;dfgá ‘cf/źjLl/oált d+ hŽg]Ɯ'’lƃ g OŞlt, pklŪtƧlt ;dfgá ‘pklŪtƧtLlt d+ hŽg]Ɯ'’lƃ g OŞlt,
;dflxtá ;dfgá ‘;dflxtált d+ hŽg]Ɯ'’lƃ g OŞlt, kţjf ;dfgá ‘kţjflt d+ hŽg]Ɯ'’lƃ g OŞlt, lgƍkťf/fdá ;dfgá
‘lgƍkťf/fdált d+ hŽg]Ɯ'’lƃ g OŞlt. ‘clƍŞƧfo+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá dlxŞƧf’lt, Olt o+ t+ j'ų+ Obd]t+ klŝ j'ų+.
æ‘;ƃ'ŪƧfo+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá c;ƃ'ŪƧf’lt, Olt ±vëf kg]t+ j'ų+, lsť]t+ klŝ j'ų+Ġ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' ;ƃ'Ūá
xált Ot/Lt/rLj/lkůkft;]gf;glunfgkŝoe];şkl/ŋf/]g. ‘;ƃ'ŪƧfo+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá c;ƃ'ŪƧf’lt, Olt o+ t+ j'ų+
Obd]t+ klŝ j'ų+.
æ‘kljljųƧfo+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá ;śl)sŽ/fdƧf’lt, Olt ±vëf kg]t+ j'ų,+ lsť]t+ klŝ j'ų+Ġ Ow, leŋj], leŋ'gá
kljljųƧ ljx/tá ejlƃ pk;Řldtf/á leŋ" leŋ'lgoá pkf;sŽ pkfl;sŽoá /fhŽgá /fhdxfdųf ltlŴof ltlŴo;fjsŽ. tŶ leŋ'
ljj]slgƉ]g lrų]g ljj]ská±)ëg ljj]skưf/]g ljj]sŪ]g g]ŋƙfle/t]g cţbŴ' pƜáhlgskl;+o'ų+o]j sy+ sųf û xált. ‘kljljųƧfo+
leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá ;śl)sŽ/fdƧf’lt, Olt o+ t+ j'ų+ Obd]t+ klŝ j'ų+.
æ‘cf/źjLl/oƧfo+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá s'þ;LtƧf’lt, Olt ±vëf kg]t+ j'ų+, lsť]t+ klŝ j'ų+Ġ Ow, leŋj], leŋ'
cf/źjLl/oá ljx/lt cs'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ kxfgfo s'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ pk;ƕbfo yfdjf bŃÜk/Ŋdá clglŋųw'/á s'þ;n];' wƙ];'.
‘cf/źjLl/oƧfo+ leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá s'þ;LtƧf’lt, Olt o+ t+ j'ų+ Obd]t+ klŝ j'ų+.
æ‘pklŪtƧltƧfo+ leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá d'ŪƧltƧf’lt, Olt ±vëf kg]t+ j'ų+. lsť]t+ klŝ j'ų+Ġ Ow, leŋj], leŋ'
;ltdf xált k/d]g ;ltg]kŊ]þg ;dƉfutá, lr/stlƕ lr/efl;tlƕ ;l/tf cg'Ƨl/tf. ‘pklŪtƧltƧfo+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá,
d'ŪƧltƧf’lt, Olt o+ t+ j'ų+ Obd]t+ klŝ j'ų+.
æ‘;dflxtƧfo+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá c;dflxtƧf’lt, Olt ±vëf kg]t+ j'ų+. lsť]t+ klŝ j'ų+Ġ Ow, leŋj], leŋ'
ljljŝ]j sŽdl] x»k]0 rt'Ŵ+ ´fg+ pk;ƕş ljx/lt. ‘;dflxtƧfo+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá c;dflxtƧf’lt, Olt o+ t+ j'ų+ Obd]t+
klŝ j'ų+.
æ‘kţjtá co+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá b'ƍţƧf’lt, Olt ±vëf kg]t+ j'ų+. lsť]t+ klŝ j'ų+Ġ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' kţjf
xált pboŴufldlgof kţfo ;dƉfutá cl/ofo lgƑ]lwsŽo ;ƙf b'ŋŋoufldlgof. ‘kţjtá co+, leŋj], wƙá, gfo+ wƙá
b'ƍţƧf’lt, Olt o+ t+ j'ų+ Obd]t+ klŝ j'ų+.
æ‘lgƍkťf/fdƧfo+ leŋj], wƙá lgƍkť/ltgá, gfo+ wƙá kkťf/fdƧ kkť/ltgá’lt, Olt ±vëf kg]t+ j'ų+. lsť]t+
klŝ j'ų+Ġ Ow, leŋj], leŋ'gá kkťlg/á±wë lrų+ kŋƆlt k;Lblt ;lƃŪlt ljd'ŝlt. ‘lgƍkťf/fdƧfo+, leŋj], wƙá,
lgƍkť/ltgá, gfo+ wƙá kkťf/fdƧ kkť/ltgá’lt, Olt o+ t+ j'ų+ Obd]t+ klŝ j'ųÆlƃ.
cy ±vëf cfoƨf cg'?źá cfoltslƕ jƧfjf;+ tŴ]j r]tL;' kfrLgj+;bfo] ljxfl;. cy ±vëf cfoƨf cg'?źá PsŽ] j"ksŪá
cƍdųá cftfkL klxtųá ljx/ƃá glr/Ƨ]j - oƧŴfo s'þnk'ųf ;ƙb]j cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑhlƃ, tbg'ų/+ - Ɣƪrl/okl/oá;fg+
lbŪ]j wƙ] ;o+ cleţf ;lŞsŷf pk;ƕş ljxfl;. ævL)f hŽlt, j'l;t+ Ɣƪrl/o+, st+ s/)Lo+, gfk/+ OŴųfofÆlt cưţfl;.
cţt/á r kgfoƨf cg'?źá c/xt+ cxá;Llt. cy ±vëf cfoƨf cg'?źá c/xųƍųá tfo+ j]nfo+ Odf ufyfoá cefl; -
û ædd ;Řƍdţfo, ;Ŵf nás]þ cg'ų/á.
dgádo]g sŽo]g, Olźof pk;ŘldĶ
æoyf d] cx' ;Řƍá, ttá pųl/ b];lo.
lgƍkť/tá a'źá, lgƍkť+ cb];loĶ
ætƧfx+ wƙdţfo, ljxfƸ; ;f;g] /tá.
ltƧá ljşŽ cg'ƍųf, st+ a'źƧ ;f;gÆlƃĶ b;d+.

uxkltj±Ʈëf tltoá.

tƧ'Źfg+ -
ƀ] pƮf ƀ] r xŴsŽ, dxfgfd]g hLjsŽ].
ƀ] anf cŋ)f j'ųf, cg'?ź]g t] b;fltĶ

22
4= bfgj±Ʈëf

1= k&dbfg;'ų+
31= û æclŪdflg leŋj], bfgflg. stdflg cŪĠ cf;ş bfg+ b]lt, eof bfg+ b]lt, ‘cbfl; d]’lt bfg+ b]lt, ‘bƧlt
d]’lt bfg+ b]lt, ‘;fx' bfg’lƃ bfg+ b]lt, ‘cx+ krfld, Od] g krlƃ¶ gf/xfld krƃá ckrƃfg+ bfg+ cbft'’lƃ bfg+ b]lt, ‘Od+
d] bfg+ bbtá sƠf±)ëf lslų;Źá cư'ƮŞtL’lt bfg+ b]lt, lrųfnŘf/lrųkl/ŋf/Ŵ+ bfg+ b]lt. Odflg ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ bfgfgLÆlt.
k&d+.

2= b'ltobfg;'ų+
32= û æ;źf lxl/o+ s'þ;nť bfg+,
wƙf Pt] ;ƍ'l/;fg'oftf.
PtlŤ dƮ+ lbljo+ jblƃ,
Pt]g lx uŞlt b]jnásÆlƃĶ b'lto+.

3= bfgjŴ';'ų+
33= æclŪdflg leŋj], bfgjŴ"lg. stdflg cŪĠ %Ɔf bfg+ b]lt, bá;f bfg+ b]lt, dáxf bfg+ b]lt, eof bfg+ b]lt,
‘lbƉk'Ƒ+ stk'Ƒ+ lkt'lktfdx]lx, gf/xfld ká/f)+ s'þnj+;+ xfk]t'’lƃ bfg+ b]lt, ‘Odfx+ bfg+ bŷf sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f ;'uƸt ;Ʈ+
nás+þ pkklşƧfdL’lt bfg+ b]lt, ‘Od+ d] bfg+ bbtá lrų+ k;Lblt, cųdgtf ;ádgƧ+ pkhŽotL’lt bfg+ b]lt,
lrųfnŘf/lrųkl/ŋf/Ŵ+ bfg+ b]lt. Odflg ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ bfgjŴ"gLÆlt. tlto+.

4= ±vëų;'ų+
34= æcŪś;dƉfut] leŋj], ±vëų] aLh+ j'ų+ g dxƎn+ xált g dxƧfb+ g mþflt;]Ɯ+ û . sy+ cŪś;dƉfut]Ġ Ow, leŋj],
±vëų+ pƉfdlgƉfld r xált, kf;f);ŋl/sť xált, ö;/ť xált, g r uƘL/l;t+ xált, g cfo;ƕƉ+ xált, g ckfo;ƕƉ+ xált, g
dfltsŽ;ƕƉ+ xált, g dl/ofb;ƕƉ+ xált. Pj+ cŪś;dƉfut], leŋj], ±vëų] aLh+ j'ų+ g dxƎn+ xált g dxƧfb+ g mþflt;]Ɯ+.
æPjd]j+ ±vëf, leŋj], cŪś;dƉfut];' ;d)Ɣfƪ±)ë;' bfg+ lbƉ+ g dxƎn+ xált g dxflg;+;+ g dxfh'lts+þ g dxfljƎf/+.
sy+ cŪś;dƉfut];'Ġ Ow, leŋj], ;d)Ɣfƪ)f ldŞflblŪsŽ xálƃ, ldŞf;Řƍf, ldŞfjfrf, ldŞfsƙƃf, ldŞfcfhLjf, ldŞfjfofdf,
ldŞf;ltgá, ldŞf;dflwgá. Pj+ cŪś;dƉfut];', leŋj], ;d)Ɣfƪ±)ë;' bfg+ lbƉ+ g dxƎn+ xált g dxflg;+;+ g dxfh'lts+þ g
dxfljƎf/+.
æcŪś;dƉfut], leŋj], ±vëų] aLh+ j'ų+ dxƎn+ xált dxƧfb+ mþflt;]Ɯ+. sy+ cŪś;dƉfut]Ġ Ow, leŋj], ±vëų+
cg'ƉfdflgƉfld r xált, ckf;f);ŋl/sť xált, cg";/ť xált, uƘL/l;t+ xált, cfo;ƕƉ+ xált, ckfo;ƕƉ+ xált, dfltsŽ;ƕƉ+
xált, dl/ofb;ƕƉ+ xált. Pj+ cŪś;dƉfut], leŋj], ±vëų] aLh+ j'ų+ dxƎn+ xált dxƧfb+ mþflt;]Ɯ+.
æPjd]j+ ±vëf, leŋj], cŪś;dƉfut];' ;d)Ɣfƪ±)ë;' bfg+ lbƉ+ dxƎn+ xált dxflg;+;+ dxfh'lts+þ dxfljƎf/+. sy+
cŪś;dƉfut];'Ġ Ow, leŋj], ;d)Ɣfƪ)f ;ƙflblŪsŽ xálƃ, ;ƙf;Řƍf, ;ƙfjfrf, ;ƙfsƙƃf, ;ƙfcfhLjf, ;ƙfjfofdf,
;ƙf;ltgá, ;ƙf;dflwgá. Pj+ cŪś;dƉfut];', leŋj], ;d)Ɣfƪ±)ë;' bfg+ lbƉ+ dxƎn+ xált dxflg;+;+ dxfh'lts+þ dxfljƎf/Ælƃ.
æoyflk ±vëų] ;ƕƉ], kj'ųf aLh;ƕbf.
b]j] ;ƕfboƃlƛ û , xált wţƧ ;ƕbfĶ
æcgLlt;ƕbf xált, lj¿ŃÜL ejlt ;ƕbf.
j]k'Ɵ;ƕbf xált, mþn+ j] xált ;ƕbfĶ
æPj+ ;ƕƉ;Ln];', lbƉf eáhg;ƕbf.
;ƕbfg+ pkg]lt, ;ƕƉ+ lxƧ t+ st+Ķ
ætƨf ;ƕbdfsřL, ;ƕƉŴ"w k'Ʈná.
;ƕƉkţ] ;]j]y, Pj+ OŢlƃ ;ƕbfĶ
æljşŽr/);ƕƉ], nźf lrųƧ ;ƕb+.
s/ált sƙ;ƕb+, nelt rŴ;ƕb+Ķ
ænás+þ `ŷf oyfe"t+, kƍ'Ɯ lblŪ;ƕb+.
dƮ;ƕbdfuƙ, oflt ;ƕƉdfg;áĶ

23
æcáw'lgŷf dn+ ;Ƒ+, kŷf lgƑfg;ƕb+.
d'ŝlt ;Ƒb'ŋ]lx, ;f xált ;Ƒ;ƕbfÆltĶ rt'Ŵ+.

5= bfg"kklų;'ų+
35= û æclŪdf, leŋj], bfg"kklųoá. stdf cŪĠ Ow, leŋj], Psŝá bfg+ b]lt ;d)Ƨ jf Ɣfƪ)Ƨ jf cƉ+ kfg+ jŴ+
ofg+ dfnfuƈljn]kg+ ;]Ɯfj;ykbLk]Ɯ+. ;á o+ b]lt t+ kŝf;L;lt û . ;á kƧlt vlųodxf;fn] jf Ɣfƪ)dxf;fn] jf uxkltdxf;fn]
jf kťlx sŽdu'±)ëlx ;dlƍt] ;dśLe"t] kl/rf/odfg]. tƧ Pj+ xált - ‘cxá jtfx+ sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f vlųodxf;fnfg+ jf
Ɣfƪ)dxf;fnfg+ jf uxkltdxf;fnfg+ jf ;xƓt+ pkkş]Ɯ’lƃ¹ ;á t+ lrų+ bxlt, t+ lrų+ clwŪflt, t+ lrų+ efj]lt. tƧ t+ lrų+
xLg] ljd'ų+ û , pųl/ cefljt+, tŶ"kklųof ;+jųlt. sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f vlųodxf;fnfg+ jf Ɣfƪ)dxf;fnfg+ jf
uxkltdxf;fnfg+ jf ;xƓt+ pkkşlt. tť ±vëf ;Lnjtá jbfld, gá b'ƧLnƧ. OŢlt, leŋj], ;Lnjtá r]tákl)lw lj;'źųf.
æOw kg, leŋj], Psŝá bfg+ b]lt ;d)Ƨ jf Ɣfƪ)Ƨ jf cƉ+ kfg+ jŴ+ ofg+ dfnfuƈljn]kg+ ;]Ɯfj;ykbLk]Ɯ+. ;á o+
b]lt t+ kŝf;L;lt. tƧ ;'t+ xált - ‘rft'dxf/flhsŽ û b]jf bL#fo'sŽ jŰjƃá ;'vax'nf’lt. tƧ Pj+ xált - ‘cxá jtfx+ sŽoƧ
e]bf k/+ d/)f rft'dxf/flhsŽg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkş]Ɯ’lƃ. ;á t+ lrų+ bxlt, t+ lrų+ clwŪflt, t+ lrų+ efj]lt. tƧ t+ lrų+
xLg] ljd'ų+, pųl/ cefljt+, tŶ"kklųof ;+jųlt. sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f rft'dxf/flhsŽg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkşlt. tť ±vëf
;Lnjtá jbfld, gá b'ƧLnƧ. OŢlt, leŋj], ;Lnjtá r]tákl)lw lj;'źųf.
æOw kg, leŋj], Psŝá bfg+ b]lt ;d)Ƨ jf Ɣfƪ)Ƨ jf cƉ+ kfg+ jŴ+ ofg+ dfnfuƈljn]kg+ ;]Ɯfj;ykbLk]Ɯ+. ;á o+
b]lt t+ kŝf;L;lt. tƧ ;'t+ xált - tfjƸt;f b]jf»k]0 ofdf b]jf» t'l;tf b]jf» lgƙfg/tL b]jf» k/lglƙtj;jųL b]jf
bL#fo'sŽ jŰjƃá ;'vax'nflt. tƧ Pj+ xált - ‘cxá jtfx+ sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f k/lglƙtj;jųLg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkş]Ɯ’lƃ.
;á t+ lrų+ bxlt, t+ lrų+ clwŪflt t+ lrų+ efj]lt. tƧ t+ lrų+ xLg] ljd'ų+, pųl/ cefljt+, tŶ"kklųof ;+jųlt. sŽoƧ e]bf
k/+ d/)f k/lglƙtj;jųLg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkşlt. tť ±vëf ;Lnjtá jbfld, gá b'ƧLnƧ. OŢlt, leŋj], ;Lnjtá r]tákl)lw
lj;'źųf.
æOw kg, leŋj], Psŝá bfg+ b]lt ;d)Ƨ jf Ɣfƪ)Ƨ jf cƉ+ kfg+ jŴ+ ofg+ dfnfuƈljn]kg+ ;]Ɯfj;ykbLk]Ɯ+. ;á o+
b]lt t+ kŝf;L;lt. tƧ ;'t+ xált - ‘ƔƪsŽlosŽ b]jf bL#fo'sŽ jŰjƃá ;'vax'nf’lt. tƧ Pj+ xált - ‘cxá jtfx+ sŽoƧ e]bf k/+
d/)f ƔƪsŽlosŽg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkş]Ɯ’lƃ. ;á t+ lrų+ bxlt, t+ lrų+ clwŪflt, t+ lrų+ efj]lt. tƧ t+ lrų+ xLg] ljd'ų+,
pųl/ cefljt+, tŶ"kklųof ;+jųlt. sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f ƔƪsŽlosŽg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkşlt. tť ±vëf ;Lnjtá jbfld, gá
b'ƧLnƧ¶ jLt/fuƧ, gá ;/fuƧ. OŢlt, leŋj], ;Lnjtá r]tákl)lw jLt/fuųf. Odf ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ bfg"kklųoáÆlt.
kťd+.

6= k'ţlsl/ojŴ';'ų+
36= ætLl)dflg, leŋj], k'ţlsl/ojŴ"lg. stdflg tLl)Ġ bfgdo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' û , ;Lndo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ', efjgfdo+
k'ţlsl/ojŴ'. Ow, leŋj], PsŝƧ bfgdo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' kl/ų+ st+ xált, ;Lndo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' kl/ų+ st+ xált, efjgfdo+
k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ û gfle;Ƙált. ;á sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f dg'Ƨbáeŕ+ pkkşlt.
æOw kg, leŋj], PsŝƧ bfgdo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' dų;á st+ xált, ;Lndo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' dų;á st+ xált, efjgfdo+
k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ gfle;Ƙált. ;á sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f dg'Ƨ;áeŕ+ pkkşlt.
æOw kg, leŋj] PsŝƧ bfgdo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' clwdų+ st+ xált, ;Lndo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' clwdų+ st+ xált, efjgfdo+
k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ gfle;Ƙált. ;á sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f rft'dxf/flhsŽg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkşlt. tŶ, leŋj], rųf/á dxf/fhŽgá
bfgdo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ clt/]s+þ sl/ŷf, ;Lndo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ clt/]s+þ sl/ŷf, rft'dxf/flhs]þ b]j] b;lx &fg]lx clwuŲlƃ - lbƑ]g
cfo'gf, lbƑ]g jŰ]g, lbƑ]g ;'±vëg, lbƑ]g o;]g, lbƑ]g cflwkt]Ɯ]g, lbƑ]lx ¿k]lx, lbƑ]lx ;Ź]lx, lbƑ]lx uƈ]lx, lbƑ]lx /;]lx,
lbƑ]lx mþáŪƑ]lx.
æOw kg, leŋj], PsŝƧ bfgdo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' clwdų+ st+ xált, ;Lndo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' clwdų+ st+ xált, efjgfdo+
k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ gfle;Ƙált. ;á sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f tfjƸt;fg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkşlt. tŶ, leŋj], ;ŊŽ] b]jfgldƆá bfgdo+
k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ clt/]s+þ sl/ŷf ;Lndo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ clt/]sþ+ sl/ŷf tfjƸt;] b]j] b;lx &fg]lx clwuŲflt - lbƑ]g cfo'gf»k]0
lbƑ]lx mþáŪƑ]lx.
æOw kg, leŋj], PsŝƧ bfgdo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' clwdų+ st+ xált, ;Lndo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' clwdų+ st+ xált, efjgfdo+
k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ gfle;Ƙált. ;á sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f ofdfg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkşlt. tŶ, leŋj], ;'ofdá b]jk'ųá bfgdo+
k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ clt/]s+þ sl/ŷf ;Lndo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ clt/]s+þ sl/ŷf, ofd] b]j] b;lx &fg]lx clwuŲflt - lbƑ]g cfo'gf»k]0 lbƑ]lx
mþáŪƑ]lx.
æOw kg, leŋj], PsŝƧ bfgdo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' clwdų+ st+ xált, ;Lndo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' clwdų+ st+ xált, efjgfdo+
k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ gfle;Ƙált. ;á sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f t'l;tfg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkşlt. tŶ leŋj], ;ƃ'l;tá b]jk'ųá bfgdo+
k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ clt/]s+þ sl/ŷf, ;Lndo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ clt/]s+þ sl/ŷf, t'l;t] b]j] b;lx &fg]lx clwuŲflt - lbƑ]g cfo'gf»k]0
lbƑ]lx mþáŪƑ]lx.
æOw kg, leŋj], PsŝƧ bfgdo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' clwdų+ st+ xált, ;Lndo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' clwdų+ st+ xált, efjgfdo+

24
k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ gfle;Ƙált. ;á sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f lgƙfg/tLg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkşlt. tŶ, leŋj], ;'lglƙtá b]jk'ųá bfgdo+
k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ clt/]s+þ sl/ŷf, ;Lndo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ clt/]s+þ sl/ŷf, lgƙfg/tLb]j] b;lx &fg]lx clwuŲflt - lbƑ]g cfo'gf»k]0
lbƑ]lx mþáŪƑ]lx.
æOw kg, leŋj], PsŝƧ bfgdo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' clwdų+ st+ xált, ;Lndo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ' clwdų+ st+ xált, efjgfdo+
k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ gfle;Ƙált. ;á sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f k/lglƙtj;jųLg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkşlt. tŶ, leŋj], j;jųL b]jk'ųá
bfgdo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ clt/]s+þ sl/ŷf, ;Lndo+ k'ţlsl/ojŴ'+ clt/]s+þ sl/ŷf, k/lglƙtj;jųLb]j] b;lx &fg]lx clwuŲflt - lbƑ]g
cfo'gf, lbƑ]g jŰ]g, lbƑ]g ;'±vëg, lbƑ]g o;]g, lbƑ]g cflwkt]Ɯ]g, lbƑ]lx ¿k]lx, lbƑ]lx ;Ź]lx, lbƑ]lx uƈ]lx, lbƑ]lx /;]lx,
lbƑ]lx mþáŪƑ]lx. Odflg ±vëf, leŋj], tLl) k'ţlsl/ojŴ"gLÆlt. %Ū+.

7= ;ƍ'l/;bfg;'ų+
37= æclŪdflg, leŋj], ;ƍ'l/;bfgflg. stdflg cŪĠ ;'Ƹr b]lt, k)Lt+ b]lt, sŽn]g b]lt, slƍo+ b]lt, ljr]Ɯ b]lt,
cleŲ+ b]lt, bb+ lrų+ k;fb]lt, bŷf cųdgá xált. Odflg ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ ;ƍ'l/;bfgfgLÆlt.
æ;'Ƹr k)Lt+ sŽn]g, slƍo+ kfgeáhg+.
cleŲ+ bbflt bfg+, ;'±vëų];' û Ɣƪrfl/;'Ķ
æg]j û ljƍl;fl/Ƨ, rlhŷf cfld;+ ax'+.
Pj+ lbƉflg bfgflg, jŰolƃ ljklƧgáĶ
æPj+ olhŷf d]wfjL, ;źá d'ų]g r]t;f.
cƓfaŢ+ û ;'v+ nás+þ, klůtá pkkştLÆltĶ ;ųd+.

8= ;ƍ'l/;;'ų+
38= æ;ƍ'l/;á leŋj], s'þn] hŽodfgá ax'gá hgƧ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált - dftflkt"g+ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált,
k'ųbf/Ƨ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált bf;sƙs/kál/;Ƨ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált, ldųfdŝfg+ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált, k'Ƒk]tfg+
cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált, /ţá cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált, b]jtfg+ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált, ;d)Ɣfƪ)fg+ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo
xált.
æ;]Ɯyflk, leŋj], dxfd]#á ;Ƒ;Ƨflg ;ƕfb]ƃá ax'gá hgƧ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo û xált¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, leŋj], ;ƍ'l/;á
s'þn] hŽodfgá ax'gá hgƧ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált - dftflkt"g+ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált, k'ųbf/Ƨ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált,
bf;sƙs/kál/;Ƨ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált, ldųfdŝfg+ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált, k'Ƒk]tfg+ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált, /ţá
cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált, b]jtfg+ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xált, ;d)Ɣfƪ)fg+ cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo xátLÆlt.
æax"g+ û jt cŴfo, ;ƍţá #/dfj;+.
dft/+ lkt/+ k'Ƒ], /lųlƆjdtlƆtáĶ
æk"h]lt ;xwƙ]g, k'Ƒ]stdg'Ƨ/+.
cgfuf/] kƑlht], ckr] Ɣƪrf/oá û Ķ
ælgljŪ;źá k"h]lt, `ŷf wƙ] r k];ná û .
/ţá lxtá b]jlxtá, `ftLg+ ;lvg+ lxtáĶ
æ;Ƒ];+ û ;á û lxtá xált, ;źƙ] ;'ƍltlŪtá.
ljg]Ɯ dŞ]/dn+, ; nás+þ eht] l;jÆlƃĶ cŪd+.

9= cle;Ɔ;'ų+
39= æclŪd] leŋj], k'ţfle;Ɔf s'þ;nfle;Ɔf ;'vƧfxf/f ;ájlƮsŽ ;'vljkfsŽ ;Ʈ;+jųlgsŽ, OŪfo sƃfo dgfkfo lxtfo
;'vfo ;+jųlƃ. std] cŪĠ Ow, leŋj], cl/o;fjsŽ] a'ź+ ;/)+ utá xált. co+, leŋj], k&dá k'ţfle;Ɔá s'þ;nfle;Ɔá
;'vƧfxf/á ;ájlƮsŽ] ;'vljkfsŽ] ;Ʈ;+jųlgsŽ], OŪfo sƃfo dgfkfo lxtfo ;'vfo ;+jųlt.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], cl/o;fjsŽ] wƙ+ ;/)+ utá xált. co+, leŋj], b'ltoá k'ţfle;Ɔá»k]0 ;+jųlt.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], cl/o;fjsŽ] ;Ŝ+ ;/)+ utá xált. co+, leŋj], tltoá k'ţfle;Ɔá s'þ;nfle;Ɔá ;'vƧfxf/á ;ájlƮsŽ]
;'vljkfsŽ] ;Ʈ;+jųlgsŽ], OŪfo sƃfo dgfkfo lxtfo ;'vfo ;+jųlt.
û æklťdflg leŋj], bfgflg dxfbfgflg cƮţflg /ųţflg j+;ţflg ká/f)flg c;+lsŰflg c;+lsŰk'Ƒflg, g ;+lsolƃ g
;+lsloƧlƃ, cƍls'þŪflg û ;d±)ëlx Ɣfƪ±)ëlx ljţ"lx. stdflg kťĠ Ow, leŋj], cl/o;fjsŽ] kf)fltkft+ kxfo kf)fltkftf
kllj/tá xált. kf)fltkftf kllj/tá, leŋj], cl/o;fjsŽ] ckl/df)fg+ ;ųfg+ ceo+ b]lt, cj]/+ b]lt, cƓfaŢ+ û b]lt.
ckl/df)fg+ ;ųfg+ ceo+ bŷf cj]/+ bŷf cƓfaŢ+ bŷf ckl/df)Ƨ ceoƧ cj]/Ƨ cƓfaŢƧ efuL xált. Ob+, leŋj], k&d+ bfg+

25
dxfbfg+ cƮţ+ /ųţ+ j+;ţ+ ká/f)+ c;+lsŰ+ c;+lsŰk'Ƒ+, g ;+lsolt g ;+lsloƧlt, cƍls'þŪ+ ;d±)ëlx Ɣfƪ±)ëlx ljţ"lx. co+, leŋj],
rt'Ŵá k'ţfle;Ɔá s'þ;nfle;Ɔá ;'vƧfxf/á ;ájlƮsŽ] ;'vljkfsŽ] ;Ʈ;+jųlgsŽ], OŪfo sƃfo dgfkfo lxtfo ;'vfo ;+jųlt.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], cl/o;fjsŽ] clbƉfbfg+ kxfo clbƉfbfgf kllj/tá xált»k]0 sŽd];'ldŞfrf/+ kxfo sŽd];'ldŞfrf/f
kllj/tá xált»k]0 d';fjfb+ kxfo d';fjfbf kllj/tá xált»k]0 ;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfg+ kxfo ;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfgf
kllj/tá xált. ;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfgf kllj/tá, leŋj], cl/o;fjsŽ] ckl/df)fg+ ;ųfg+ ceo+ b]lt cj]/+ b]lt cƓfaŢ+ b]lt.
ckl/df)fg+ ;ųfg+ ceo+ bŷf cj]/+ bŷf cƓfaŢ+ bŷf, ckl/df)Ƨ ceoƧ cj]/Ƨ cƓfaŢƧ efuL xált. Ob+, leŋj], kťd+ bfg+
dxfbfg+ cƮţ+ /ųţ+ j+;ţ+ ká/f)+ c;+lsŰ+ c;+lsŰk'Ƒ+, g ;+lsolt g ;+lsloƧlt, cƍls'þŪ+ ;d±)ëlx Ɣfƪ±)ëlx ljţ"lx. co+ ±vëf,
leŋj], cŪdá k'ţfle;Ɔá s'þ;nfle;Ɔá ;'vƧfxf/á ;ájlƮsŽ] ;'vljkfsŽ] ;Ʈ;+jųlgsŽ], OŪfo sƃfo dgfkfo lxtfo ;'vfo ;+jųlt.
Od] ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ k'ţfle;Ɔf s'þ;nfle;Ɔf ;'vƧfxf/f ;ájlƮsŽ ;'vljkfsŽ ;Ʈ;+jųlgsŽ, OŪfo sƃfo dgfkfo lxtfo ;'vfo
;+jųƃLÆlt. gjd+.

10= b'ŝl/tljkfs;'ų+
40= ækf)fltkftá, leŋj], cf;]ljtá efljtá ax'nLstá lg/o;+jųlgsŽ] lt/Şfgoálg;+jųlgsŽ] k]lųlj;o;+jųlgsŽ]. oá
;Ƒnx';á û kf)fltkftƧ ljkfsŽ], dg'Ƨe"tƧ cƍfo's;+jųlgsŽ] xált.
æclbƉfbfg+, leŋj], cf;]ljt+ efljt+ ax'nLst+ lg/o;+jųlgs+þ lt/Şfgoálg;+jųlgs+þ k]lųlj;o;+jųlgs+þ. oá ;Ƒnx';á
clbƉfbfgƧ ljkfsŽ], dg'Ƨe"tƧ eáuƓ;g;+jųlgsŽ] xált.
æsŽd];'ldŞfrf/á, leŋj], cf;]ljtá efljtá ax'nLstá lg/o;+jųlgsŽ] lt/Şfgoálg;+jųlgsŽ] k]lųlj;o;+jųlgsŽ]. oá
;Ƒnx';á sŽd];'ldŞfrf/Ƨ ljkfsŽ], dg'Ƨe"tƧ ;kųj]/;+jųlgsŽ] xált.
æd';fjfbá leŋj], cf;]ljtá efljtá ax'nLstá lg/o;+jųlgsŽ] lt/Şfgoálg;+jųlgsŽ] k]lųlj;o;+jųlgsŽ]. oá ;Ƒnx';á
d';fjfbƧ ljkfsŽ], dg'Ƨe"tƧ ce"tưŋfg;+jųlgsŽ] xált.
ælk;')f leŋj], jfrf cf;]ljtf efljtf ax'nLstf lg/o;+jųlgsŽ lt/Şfgoálg;+jųlgsŽ k]lųlj;o;+jųlgsŽ. oá
;Ƒnx';á lk;')fo jfrfo ljkfsŽ], dg'Ƨe"tƧ ldų]lx e]bg;+jųlgsŽ] xált.
æmþ?;f leŋj], jfrf cf;]ljtf efljtf ax'nLstf lg/o;+jųlgsŽ lt/Şfgoálg;+jųlgsŽ k]lųlj;o;+jųlgsŽ. oá
;Ƒnx';á mþ?;fo jfrfo ljkfsŽ], dg'Ƨe"tƧ cdgfk;Ź;+jųlgsŽ] xált.
æ;Ɩƍnfká, leŋj], cf;]ljtá efljtá ax'nLstá lg/o;+jųlgsŽ] lt/Şfgoálg;+jųlgsŽ] k]lųlj;o;+jųlgsŽ]. oá ;Ƒnx';á
;ƖƍnfkƧ ljkfsŽ], dg'Ƨe"tƧ cgfb]Ɯjfrf;+jųlgsŽ] xált.
æ;'/fd]/okfg+, leŋj] cf;]ljt+ efljt+ ax'nLst+ lg/o;+jųlgs+þ lt/Şfgoálg;+jųlgs+þ k]lųlj;o;+jųlgs+þ. oá ;Ƒnx';á
;'/fd]/okfgƧ ljkfsŽ], dg'Ƨe"tƧ pƙųs;+jųlgsŽ] xátLÆlt. b;d+.

bfgj±Ʈëf rt'Ŵá.

tƧ'Źfg+ -
ƀ] bfgflg jŴ'ť, ±vëų+ bfg"kklųoá.
lsl/o+ ƀ] ;ƍ'l/;f, cle;Ɔá ljkfsŽ] rfltĶ

5= pká;yj±Ʈëf

1= ;lřų"ká;y;'ų+
41= Pj+ d] ;'t+ - Ps+þ ;do+ eujf ;fjlŴo+ ljx/lt h]tjg] cgfylklůsƧ cf/fd]. tŶ ±vëf eujf leŋ" cfdƃ]l; -
æleŋjáÆlt. æebƃ]Ælt t] leŋ" eujtá kŝƧá;'+. eujf Ptbjár -
æcŪś;dƉfutá, leŋj], pká;±yëf pkj'Ŵá dxƎná xált dxflg;+;á dxfh'ltsŽ] dxfljƎf/á. sy+ pkj'Ŵá r, leŋj],
cŪś;dƉfutá pká;±yëf dxƎná xált dxflg;+;á dxfh'ltsŽ] dxfljƎf/áĠ Ow leŋj], cl/o;fjsŽ] Olt kl;lťŋlt - ‘ofjhLj+
c/xƃá kf)fltkft+ kxfo kf)fltkftf kllj/tf lglxtbůf lglxt;Ŵf nşL bofkƉf, ;Ƒkf)e"tlxtfg'slƕgá ljx/lƃ. cx+ kş
Odť /Ƹų Odť lbj;+ kf)fltkft+ kxfo kf)fltkftf kllj/tá lglxtbůá lglxt;Ŵá nşL bofkƉá, ;Ƒkf)e"tlxtfg'sƕL
ljx/fld. Oldgfkś]g û c/xt+ cg's/áld, pká;±yëf r d] pkj'Ŵá eljƧtL’lt. Oldgf k&d]g cś]g ;dƉfutá xált.
æ‘ofjhLj+ c/xƃá clbƉfbfg+ kxfo clbƉfbfgf kllj/tf lbƉfbfoL lbƉkflsřL, c±yëg]g ;'lre"t]g cųgf ljx/lƃ.
cx+ kş Odť /Ƹų Odť lbj;+ clbƉfbfg+ kxfo clbƉfbfgf kllj/tá lbƉfbfoL lbƉkflsřL, c±yëg]g ;'lre"t]g cųgf
ljx/fld. Oldgfkś]g c/xt+ cg's/áld, pká;±yëf r d] pkj'Ŵá eljƧtL’lt. Oldgf b'lto]g cś]g ;dƉfutá xált.
æ‘ofjhLj+ c/xƃá cƔƪrl/o+ kxfo Ɣƪrfl/gá cf/frfl/gá lj/tf d]y'gf ufdwƙf. cx+ kş Odť /Ƹų Odť lbj;+
cƔƪrl/o+ kxfo Ɣƪrf/L cf/frf/L û lj/tá d]y'gf ufdwƙf. Oldgfkś]g c/xt+ cg's/áld, pká;±yëf r d] pkj'Ŵá

26
eljƧtL’lt. Oldgf tlto]g cś]g ;dƉfutá xált.
æ‘ofjhLj+ c/xƃá d';fjfb+ kxfo d';fjfbf kllj/tf ;ŝjflbgá ;ŝ;ƈf ±yëtf kŝlosŽ clj;+jfbsŽ] násƧ. cx+ kş
Odť /Ƹų Odť lbj;+ d';fjfb+ kxfo d';fjfbf kllj/tá ;ŝjfbL ;ŝ;ƈá ±yëtá kŝlosŽ] clj;+jfbsŽ] násƧ. Oldgfkś]g c/xt+
cg's/áld, pká;±yëf r d] pkj'Ŵá eljƧtL’lt. Oldgf rt'Ŵ]g cś]g ;dƉfutá xált.
æ‘ofjhLj+ c/xƃá ;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfg+ kxfo ;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfgf kllj/tf. cx+ kş Odť /Ƹų Odť lbj;+
;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfg+ kxfo ;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfgf kllj/tá. Oldgfkś]g c/xt+ cg's/áld, pká;±yëf r d] pkj'Ŵá
eljƧtL’lt. Oldgf kťd]g cś]g ;dƉfutá xált.
æ‘ofjhLj+ c/xƃá PselųsŽ /ų"k/tf lj/tf ljsŽneáhgf. cx+ kş Odť /Ƹų Odť lbj;+ PselųsŽ] /ų"k/tá lj/tá
ljsŽneáhgf. Oldgfkś]g c/xt+ cg's/áld, pká;±yëf r d] pkj'Ŵá eljƧtL’lt. Oldgf %Ū]g cś]g ;dƉfutá xált.
æ‘ofjhLj+ c/xƃá gŝuLtjflbtlj;"sbƧgdfnfuƈljn]kgwf/)důglje";gŪfg+ kxfo
gŝuLtjflbtlj;"sbƧgdfnfuƈljn]kgwf/)důglje";gŪfgf kllj/tf. cx+ kş Odť /Ƹų Odť lbj;+
gŝuLtjflbtlj;"sbƧgdfnfuƈljn]kgwf/)důglje";gŪfg+ kxfo gŝuLtjflbtlj;"sbƧgdfnfuƈljn]kgwf/)důglje";gŪfgf
kllj/tá. Oldgfkś]g c/xt+ cg's/áld, pká;±yëf r d] pkj'Ŵá eljƧtL’lt. Oldgf ;ųd]g cś]g ;dƉfutá xált.
æ‘ofjhLj+ c/xƃá pŝf;ogdxf;og+ kxfo pŝf;ogdxf;ogf kllj/tf gLr;]Ɯ+ sƍ]lƃ - dťs]þ jf lt);ƅf/s]þ jf.
cx+ kş Odť /Ƹų Odť lbj;+ pŝf;ogdxf;og+ kxfo pŝf;ogdxf;ogf kllj/tá gLr;]Ɯ+ sƍ]ld - dťs]þ jf lt);ƅf/s]þ jf.
Oldgfkś]g c/xt+ cg's/áld pká;±yëf r d] pkj'Ŵá eljƧtL’lt. Oldgf cŪd]g cś]g ;dƉfutá xált Pj+ pkj'Ŵá ±vëf, leŋj],
cŪś;dƉfutá pká;±yëf dxƎná xált dxflg;+;á dxfh'ltsŽ] dxfljƎf/áÆlt. k&d+.

2= ljŴt"ká;y;'ų+
42= æcŪś;dƉfutá leŋj], pká;±yëf pkj'Ŵá dxƎná xált dxflg;+;á dxfh'ltsŽ] dxfljƎf/á. sy+ pkj'Ŵá r, leŋj],
cŪś;dƉfutá pká;±yëf dxƎná xált dxflg;+;á dxfh'ltsŽ] dxfljƎf/áĠ Ow, leŋj], cl/o;fjsŽ] Olt kl;lťŋlt - ‘ofjhLj+
c/xƃá kf)fltkft+ kxfo kf)fltkftf kllj/tf lglxtbůf lglxt;Ŵf nşL bofkƉf, ;Ƒkf)e"tlxtfg'slƕgá ljx/lƃ. cx+ kş
Odť /Ƹų Odť lbj;+ kf)fltkft+ kxfo kf)fltkftf kllj/tá lglxtbůá lglxt;Ŵá nşL bofkƉá, ;Ƒkf)e"tlxtfg'sƕL
ljx/fld. Oldgfkś]g c/xt+ cg's/áld, pká;±yëf r d] pkj'Ŵá eljƧtL’lt. Oldgf k&d]g cś]g ;dƉfutá xált»k]0.
æ‘ofjhLj+ c/xƃá pŝf;ogdxf;og+ kxfo pŝf;ogdxf;ogf kllj/tf gLr;]Ɯ+ sƍ]lƃ - dťs]þ jf lt);ƅf/s]þ jf.
cx+ kş Odť /Ƹų Odť lbj;+ pŝf;ogdxf;og+ kxfo pŝf;ogdxf;ogf kllj/tá gLr;]Ɯ+ sƍ]ld - dťs]þ jf lt);ƅf/s]þ jf.
Oldgfkś]g c/xt+ cg's/áld, pká;±yëf r d] pkj'Ŵá eljƧtL’lt. Oldgf cŪd]g cś]g ;dƉfutá xált. Pj+ pkj'Ŵá ±vëf,
leŋj], cŪś;dƉfutá pká;±yëf dxƎná xált dxflg;+;á dxfh'ltsŽ] dxfljƎf/á
æsLjdxƎná xált sLjdxflg;+;á sLjdxfh'ltsŽ] sLjdxfljƎf/áĠ ;]Ɯyflk, leŋj], oá Od];+ ;áń;Ɖ+ dxfhgkbfg+
kx"t/ų/tgfg+ û OƧl/oflwkŝ+ /ş+ sŽ/]Ɯ, ;]Ɯlyb+ - cśfg+ duwfg+ sŽ;Lg+ sŽ];nfg+ jşLg+ dƟfg+ r]tLg+ jśfg+ s'þ¿g+ kťfnfg+
dŞfg+ û ;"/;]gfg+ cƧsŽg+ cjƃLg+ uƈf/fg+ sƗáhŽg+, cŪś;dƉfutƧ pká;yƧ Pt+ û sn+ gfŔlt ;áńƸ;. t+ lsƧ x]t'Ġ sk)+,
leŋj], dfg';s+þ /ş+ lbƑ+ ;'v+ pklgwfo.
æoflg, leŋj], dfg';sŽlg kţf; jƧflg, rft'dxf/flhsŽg+ b]jfg+ P;á PsŽ] /lųlƆjá û . tfo /lųof Ƹt;/lųoá df;á.
t]g df;]g ƀfb;dfl;oá ;+jŞ/á. t]g ;+jŞ/]g lbƑflg kť jƧ;tflg rft'dxf/flhsŽg+ b]jfg+ cfo'ƍdf)+. &fg+ ±vëf kg]t+, leŋj],
ljşlt o+ O±wësŝá OŴL jf k'l/;á jf cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkjl;ŷf sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f rft'dxf/flhsŽg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+
pkkş]Ɯ. Ob+ ±vëf kg]t+, leŋj], ;ƈfo efl;t+ - ‘sk)+ dfg';s+þ /ş+ lbƑ+ ;'v+ pklgwfo’Æ.
æoflg, leŋj], dfg';sŽlg jƧ;tflg, tfjƸt;fg+ b]jfg+ P;á PsŽ] /lųlƆjá. tfo /lųof Ƹt;/lųoá df;á. t]g df;]g
ƀfb;dfl;oá ;+jŞ/á. t]g ;+jŞ/]g lbƑ+ jƧ;xƧ+ tfjƸt;fg+ b]jfg+ cfo'ƍdf)+. &fg+ ±vëf kg]t+, leŋj], ljşlt o+ O±wësŝá OŴL
jf k'l/;á jf cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkjl;ŷf sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f tfjƸt;fg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkş]Ɯ. Ob+ ±vëf kg]t+, leŋj],
;ƈfo efl;t+ - ‘sk)+ dfg';s+þ /ş+ lbƑ+ ;'v+ pklgwfo’Æ.
æoflg, leŋj], dfg';sŽlg ƀ] jƧ;tflg, ofdfg+ b]jfg+ P;á PsŽ] /lųlƆjá. tfo /lųof Ƹt;/lųoá df;á. t]g df;]g
ƀfb;dfl;oá ;+jŞ/á. t]g ;+jŞ/]g lbƑflg ƀ] jƧ;xƧflg ofdfg+ b]jfg+ cfo'ƍdf)+. &fg+ ±vëf kg]t+, leŋj], ljşlt o+ O±wësŝá
OŴL jf k'l/;á jf cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkjl;ŷf sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f ofdfg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkş]Ɯ. Ob+ ±vëf kg]t+, leŋj],
;ƈfo efl;t+ - ‘sk)+ dfg';s+þ /ş+ lbƑ+ ;'v+ pklgwfo’Æ.
æoflg, leŋj], dfg';sŽlg rųfl/ jƧ;tflg, t'l;tfg+ b]jfg+ P;á PsŽ] /lųlƆjá. tfo /lųof Ƹt;/lųoá df;á. t]g
df;]g ƀfb;dfl;oá ;+jŞ/á. t]g ;+jŞ/]g lbƑflg rųfl/ jƧ;xƧflg t'l;tfg+ b]jfg+ cfo'ƍdf)+. &fg+ ±vëf kg]t+, leŋj], ljşlt
o+ O±wësŝá OŴL jf k'l/;á jf cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkjl;ŷf sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f t'l;tfg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkş]Ɯ. Ob+ ±vëf
kg]t+, leŋj], ;ƈfo efl;t+ - ‘sk)+ dfg';s+þ /ş+ lbƑ+ ;'v+ pklgwfo’Æ.
æoflg, leŋj], dfg';sŽlg cŪ jƧ;tflg, lgƙfg/tLg+ b]jfg+ P;á PsŽ] /lųlƆjá. tfo /lųof Ƹt;/lųoá df;á. t]g
df;]g ƀfb;dfl;oá ;+jŞ/á. t]g ;+jŞ/]g lbƑflg cŪ jƧ;xƧflg lgƙfg/tLg+ b]jfg+ cfo'ƍdf)+. &fg+ ±vëf kg]t+, leŋj], ljşlt
o+ O±wësŝá OŴL jf k'l/;á jf cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkjl;ŷf sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f lgƙfg/tLg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkş]Ɯ. Ob+
±vëf kg]t+, leŋj], ;ƈfo efl;t+ - ‘sk)+ dfg';s+þ /ş+ lbƑ+ ;'v+ pklgwfo’Æ.
æoflg, leŋj], dfg';sŽlg ;áń; jƧ;tflg, k/lglƙtj;jųLg+ b]jfg+ P;á PsŽ] /lųlƆjá. tfo /lųof Ƹt;/lųoá

27
df;á. t]g df;]g ƀfb;dfl;oá ;+jŞ/á. t]g ;+jŞ/]g lbƑflg ;áń; jƧ;xƧflg k/lglƙtj;jųLg+ b]jfg+ cfo'ƍdf)+. &fg+ ±vëf
kg]t+, leŋj], ljşlt o+ O±wësŝá OŴL jf k'l/;á jf cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkjl;ŷf sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f k/lglƙtj;jųLg+
b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkş]Ɯ. Ob+ ±vëf kg]t+, leŋj], ;ƈfo efl;t+ - ‘sk)+ dfg';s+þ /ş+ lbƑ+ ;'v+ pklgwfof’Ælt.
ækf)+ g xţ] û g rlbƉdflbo],
d';f g ef;] g r dşká l;of.
cƔƪrl/of lj/d]Ɯ d]y'gf,
/Ƹų g e'ŧ]Ɯ ljsŽneáhg+Ķ
ædfn+ g wf/] g r uƈdfr/] û ,
dť] %dfo+ j ;o]y ;ƅt].
PtlŤ cŪlśsdfx'ká;y+,
a'ź]g b'ŋƃu'gf ksŽl;t+Ķ
ærƆá r ;'l/oá r peá ;'bƧgf,
cáef;o+ cg'kl/olƃ ofjtf.
tdág'bf t] kg cƃlnŋuf,
ge] kef;lƃ lb;flj/árgfĶ
æPtƸƨ o+ ljşlt cƃ/] wg+,
d'ųf dl) j]ń'l/oť eŹs+þ.
l;śL;'jŰ+ cy jflk sťg+,
o+ hŽt¿k+ xslƃ j'ŝltĶ
æcŪś'k]tƧ pká;yƧ,
snlƕ t] gfg'ejlƃ ;áńƸ;.
rƆƍef tf/u)f r ;Ƒ]Ķ
ætƨf lx gf/L r g/á r ;Lnjf,
cŪś'k]t+ pkjƧ'ká;y+.
k'ţflg sŷfg ;'v'ſoflg,
clglƆtf ;Ʈd'k]lƃ &fgÆlƃĶ b'lto+.

3= lj;fvf;'ų+
43= û Ps+þ ;do+ eujf ;fjlŴo+ ljx/lt k'Ƒf/fd] lduf/dft'kf;fb]. cy ±vëf lj;fvf lduf/dftf o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶
pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖ+ ±vëf lj;fv+ lduf/dft/+ eujf Ptbjár - æcŪś;dƉfutá ±vëf,
lj;f±vë, pká;±yëf pkj'Ŵá dxƎná xált dxflg;+;á dxfh'ltsŽ] dxfljƎf/á. sy+ pkj'Ŵá r, lj;f±vë, cŪś;dƉfutá pká;±yëf
dxƎná xált dxflg;+;á dxfh'ltsŽ] dxfljƎf/áĠ Ow, lj;f±vë, cl/o;fjsŽ] Olt kl;lťŋlt - ‘ofjhLj+ c/xƃá kf)fltkft+ kxfo
kf)fltkftf kllj/tf lglxtbůf lglxt;Ŵf nşL bofkƉf, ;Ƒkf)e"tlxtfg'slƕgá ljx/lƃ. cx+ kş Odť /Ƹų Odť lbj;+
kf)fltkft+ kxfo kf)fltkftf kllj/tá lglxtbůá lglxt;Ŵá nşL bofkƉá, ;Ƒkf)e"tlxtfg'sƕL ljx/fld. Oldgfkś]g c/xt+
cg's/áld pká;±yëf r d] pkj'Ŵá eljƧtL’Ælt. Oldgf k&d]g cś]g ;dƉfutá xált»k]0.
æ‘ofjhLj+ c/xƃá pŝf;ogdxf;og+ kxfo pŝf;ogdxf;ogf kllj/tf gLr;]Ɯ+ sƍ]lƃ - dťs]þ jf lt);ƅf/s]þ jf.
cx+ kş Odť /Ƹų Odť lbj;+ pŝf;ogdxf;og+ kxfo pŝf;ogdxf;ogf kllj/tá gLr;]Ɯ+ sƍ]ld - dťs]þ jf lt);ƅf/s]þ jf.
Oldgfkś]g c/xt+ cg's/áld, pká;±yëf r d] pkj'Ŵá eljƧtL’lt. Oldgf cŪd]g cś]g ;dƉfutá xált. Pj+ pkj'Ŵá ±vëf,
lj;f±vë, cŪś;dƉfutá pká;±yëf dxƎná xált dxflg;+;á dxfh'ltsŽ] dxfljƎf/á.
æsLjdxƎná xált, sLjdxflg;+;á, sLjdxfh'ltsŽ], sLjdxfljƎf/áĠ ;]Ɯyflk, lj;f±vë, oá Od];+ ;áń;Ɖ+ dxfhgkbfg+
kx"t/ų/tgfg+ OƧl/oflwkŝ+ /ş+ sŽ/]Ɯ, ;]Ɯlyb+ - cśfg+ duwfg+ sŽ;Lg+ sŽ];nfg+ jşLg+ dƟfg+ r]tLg+ jśfg+ s'þ¿g+ kťfnfg+ dŞfg+
;"/;]gfg+ cƧsŽg+ cjƃLg+ uƈf/fg+ sƗáhŽg+, cŪś;dƉfutƧ pká;yƧ Pt+ sn+ gfŔlt ;áńƸ;. t+ lsƧ x]t'Ġ sk)+, lj;f±vë,
dfg';s+þ /ş+ lbƑ+ ;'v+ pklgwfo.
æoflg, lj;f±vë, dfg';sŽlg kţf; jƧflg, rft'dxf/flhsŽg+ b]jfg+ P;á PsŽ] /lųlƆjá. tfo /lųof Ƹt;/lųoá df;á.
t]g df;]g ƀfb;dfl;oá ;+jŞ/á. t]g ;+jŞ/]g lbƑflg kť jƧ;tflg rft'dxf/flhsŽg+ b]jfg+ cfo'ƍdf)+. &fg+ ±vëf kg]t+, lj;f±vë,
ljşlt o+ O±wësŝá OŴL jf k'l/;á jf cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkjl;ŷf sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f rft'dxf/flhsŽg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+
pkkş]Ɯ Ob+ ±vëf kg]t+, lj;f±vë, ;ƈfo efl;t+ - ‘sk)+ dfg';s+þ /ş+ lbƑ+ ;'v+ pklgwfo’Æ.
æo+ lj;f±vë, dfg';s+þ jƧ;t+, tfjƸt;fg+ b]jfg+ P;á PsŽ] /lųlƆjá. tfo /lųof Ƹt;/lųoá df;á. t]g df;]g
ƀfb;dfl;oá ;+jŞ/á. t]g ;+jŞ/]g jƧ;xƧ+ tfjƸt;fg+ b]jfg+ cfo'ƍdf)+. &fg+ ±vëf kg]t+, lj;f±vë, ljşlt o+ O±wësŝá OŴL jf
k'l/;á jf cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkjl;ŷf sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f tfjƸt;fg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkş]Ɯ. Ob+ ±vëf kg]t+, lj;f±vë,

28
;ƈfo efl;t+ - ‘sk)+ dfg';s+þ /ş+ lbƑ+ ;'v+ pklgwfo’Æ.
æoflg, lj;f±vë, dfg';sŽlg ƀ] jƧ;tflg»k]0 rųfl/ jƧ;tflg»k]0 cŪ jƧ;tflg»k]0 ;áń; jƧ;tflg
k/lglƙtj;jųLg+ b]jfg+ P;á PsŽ] /lųlƆjá tfo /lųof Ƹt;/lųoá df;á. t]g df;]g ƀfb;dfl;oá ;+jŞ/á. t]g ;+jŞ/]g lbƑflg
;áń; jƧ;xƧflg k/lglƙtj;jųLg+ b]jfg+ cfo'ƍdf)+. &fg+ ±vëf kg]t+, lj;f±vë, ljşlt o+ O±wësŝá OŴL jf k'l/;á jf
cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkjl;ŷf sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f k/lglƙtj;jųLg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkş]Ɯ. Ob+ ±vëf kg]t+, lj;f±vë, ;ƈfo
efl;t+ - ‘sk)+ dfg';s+þ /ş+ lbƑ+ ;'v+ pklgwfof’Ælt.
ækf)+ g xţ] g rlbƉdflbo],
d';f g ef;] g r dşká l;of.
cƔƪrl/of lj/d]Ɯ d]y'gf,
/Ƹų g e'ŧ]Ɯ ljsŽneáhg+Ķ
ædfn+ g wf/] g r uƈdfr/],
dť] %dfo+ j ;o]y ;ƅt].
PtlŤ cŪlśsdfx'ká;y+,
a'ź]g b'ŋƃu'gf ksŽl;t+Ķ
ærƆá r ;'l/oá r peá ;'bƧgf,
cáef;o+ cg'kl/olƃ ofjtf.
tdág'bf t] kg cƃlnŋuf,
ge] kef;lƃ lb;flj/árgfĶ
æPtƸƨ o+ ljşlt cƃ/] wg+,
d'ųf dl) j]ń'l/oť eŹs+þ.
l;śL;'jŰ+ cy jflk sťg+,
o+ hŽt¿k+ xslƃ j'ŝltĶ
æcŪś'k]tƧ pká;yƧ,
snlƕ t] gfg'ejlƃ ;áńƸ;.
rƆƍef tf/u)f r ;Ƒ]Ķ
ætƨf lx gf/L r g/á r ;Lnjf,
cŪś'k]t+ pkjƧ'ká;y+.
k'ţflg sŷfg ;'v'ſoflg,
clglƆtf ;Ʈd'k]lƃ &fgÆlƃĶ tlto+.

4= jf;]Ū;'ų+
44= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf j];flno+ ljx/lt dxfjg] s"þfuf/;fnfo+. cy ±vëf jf;]Ūá pkf;sŽ] o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶
pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖ+ ±vëf jf;]Ū+ pkf;s+þ eujf Ptbjár - æcŪś;dƉfutá, jf;]Ū,
pká;±yëf pkj'Ŵá dxƎná xált»k]0 clglƆtf ;Ʈd'k]lƃ &fgÆlƃ.
Pj+ j'ų] jf;]Ūá pkf;sŽ] eujƃ+ Ptbjár - ælkof d], eƃ], `flt;fnálxtf cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkj;]Ɯ'+, lkofglƕ d]
cƧ `flt;fnálxtfg+ bL#/ų+ lxtfo ;'vfo. ;Ƒ] r]lk, eƃ], vlųof cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkj;]Ɯ'+, ;Ƒ];lƕƧ vlųofg+ bL#/ų+
lxtfo ;'vfo. ;Ƒ] r]lk, eƃ], Ɣfƪ)f»k]0 j]Ƨf ;'Źf cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkj;]Ɯ'+, ;Ƒ];lƕƧ ;'Źfg+ bL#/ų+ lxtfo
;'vfofÆlt.
æPjd]t+, jf;]Ū, Pjd]t+, jf;]Ū¹ ;Ƒ] r]lk, jf;]Ū, vlųof cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkj;]Ɯ'+, ;Ƒ];lƕƧ vlųofg+ bL#/ų+
lxtfo ;'vfo. ;Ƒ] r]lk, jf;]Ū, Ɣfƪ)f»k]0 j]Ƨf» ;'Źf cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkj;]Ɯ'+, ;Ƒ];lƕƧ ;'Źfg+ bL#/ų+ lxtfo
;'vfo. ;b]jsŽ] r]lk, jf;]Ū, násŽ] ;df/sŽ] ;ƔƪsŽ] ;Ƨd)Ɣfƪ)L khŽ ;b]jdg'Ƨf cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkj;]Ɯ'+ û , ;b]jsƧlkƧ
û násƧ ;df/sƧ ;ƔƪsƧ ;Ƨd)Ɣfƪl)of khŽo ;b]jdg'Ƨfo bL#/ų+ lxtfo ;'vfo. Od] r]lk, jf;]Ū, dxf;fnf cŪś;dƉfut+
pká;y+ pkj;]Ɯ'+, Od];lƕƧ dxf;fnfg+ bL#/ų+ lxtfo ;'vfo ‘ ’ û . sŽ] kg jfbá dg'Ƨe"tƧfÆlt¹ rt'Ŵ+.

5= aáŢ;'ų+
45= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf ;fjlŴo+ ljx/lt h]tjg] cgfylklůsƧ cf/fd]. cy ±vëf aáŢf pkfl;sŽ o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶
pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖ+ ±vëf aáŢ+ pkfl;s+þ eujf Ptbjár -
æcŪś;dƉfutá, aáŢ], pká;±yëf pkj'Ŵá dxƎná xált dxflg;+;á dxfh'ltsŽ] dxfljƎf/á. sy+ pkj'Ŵá r, aáŢ],
cŪś;dƉfutá pká;±yëf dxƎná xált dxflg;+;á dxfh'ltsŽ] dxfljƎf/áĠ Ow aáŢ], cl/o;fjsŽ] Olt kl;lťŋlt - ‘ofjhLj+

29
c/xƃá kf)fltkft+ kxfo kf)fltkftf kllj/tf lglxtbůf lglxt;Ŵf nşL bofkƉf, ;Ƒkf)e"tlxtfg'slƕgá ljx/lƃ. cx+ kş
Odť /Ƹų Odť lbj;+ kf)fltkft+ kxfo kf)fltkftf kllj/tá lglxtbůá lglxt;Ŵá nşL bofkƉá, ;Ƒkf)e"tlxtfg'sƕL
ljx/fld. Oldgfkś]g c/xt+ cg's/áld, pká;±yëf r d] pkj'Ŵá eljƧtL’lt. Oldgf k&d]g cś]g ;dƉfutá xált»k]0.
æ‘ofjhLj+ c/xƃá pŝf;ogdxf;og+ kxfo pŝf;ogdxf;ogf kllj/tf gLr;]Ɯ+ sƍ]lƃ - dťs]þ jf lt);ƅf/s]þ jf.
cx+ kş Odť /Ƹų Odť lbj;+ pŝf;ogdxf;og+ kxfo pŝf;ogdxf;ogf kllj/tá gLr;]Ɯ+ sƍ]ld - dťs]þ jf lt);ƅf/s]þ jf.
Oldgfkś]g c/xt+ cg's/áld, pká;±yëf r d] pkj'Ŵá eljƧtL’lt. Oldgf cŪd]g cś]g ;dƉfutá xált. Pj+ pkj'Ŵá ±vëf, aáŢ],
cŪś;dƉfutá pká;±yëf dxƎná xált dxflg;+;á dxfh'ltsŽ] dxfljƎf/á.
æsLjdxƎná xált, sLjdxflg;+;á, sLjdxfh'ltsŽ], sLjdxfljƎf/áĠ ;]Ɯyflk, aáŢ], oá Od];+ ;áń;Ɖ+ dxfhgkbfg+
kx"t/ų/tgfg+ OƧl/oflwkŝ+ /ş+ sŽ/]Ɯ, ;]Ɯlyb+ - cśfg+ duwfg+ sŽ;Lg+ sŽ;] nfg+ jşLg+ dƟfg+ r]tLg+ jśfg+ s'þ¿g+ kťfnfg+ dŞfg+
;"/;]gfg+ cƧsŽg+ cjƃLg+ uƈf/fg+ sƗáhŽg+, cŪś;dƉfutƧ pká;yƧ Pt+ sn+ gfŔlt ;áńƸ;. t+ lsƧ x]t'Ġ sk)+, aáŢ], dfg';s+þ
/ş+ lbƑ+ ;'v+ pklgwfo.
æoflg, aáŢ], dfg';sŽlg kţf; jƧflg, rft'dxf/flhsŽg+ b]jfg+ P;á PsŽ] /lųlƆjá. tfo /lųof Ƹt;/lųoá df;á. t]g
df;]g ƀfb;dfl;oá ;+jŞ/á. t]g ;+jŞ/]g lbƑflg kť jƧ;tflg rft'dxf/flhsŽg+ b]jfg+ cfo'ƍdf)+. &fg+ ±vëf kg]t+, aáŢ],
ljşlt o+ O±wësŝá OŴL jf k'l/;á jf cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkjl;ŷf sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f rft'dxf/flhsŽg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+
pkkş]Ɯ. Ob+ ±vëf kg]t+, aáŢ], ;ƈfo efl;t+ - ‘sk)+ dfg';s+þ /ş+ lbƑ+ ;'v+ pklgwfo’Æ.
æo+, aáŢ], dfg';s+þ jƧ;t+»k]0 tflg, aáŢ], dfg';sŽlg ƀ] jƧ;tflg»k]0 rųfl/ jƧ;tflg»k]0 cŪ jƧ;tflg»k]0
;áń; jƧ;tflg k/lglƙtj;jųLg+ b]jfg+ P;á PsŽ] /lųlƆjá. tfo /lųof Ƹt;/lųoá df;á. t]g df;]g ƀfb;dfl;oá ;+jŞ/á.
t]g ;+jŞ/]g lbƑflg ;áń; jƧ;xƧflg k/lglƙtj;jųLg+ b]jfg+ cfo'ƍdf)+. &fg+ ±vëf kg]t+, aáŢ], ljşlt o+ O±wësŝá OŴL jf
k'l/;á jf cŪś;dƉfut+ pká;y+ pkjl;ŷf sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f k/lglƙtj;jųLg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkş]Ɯ. Ob+ ±vëf kg]t+,
aáŢ], ;ƈfo efl;t+ - ‘sk)+ dfg';s+þ /ş+ lbƑ+ ;'v+ pklgwfof’Ælt.
ækf)+ g xţ] g rlbƉdflbo],
d';f g ef;] g r dşká l;of.
cƔƪrl/of lj/d]Ɯ d]y'gf,
/Ƹų g e'ŧ]Ɯ ljsŽneáhg+Ķ
ædfn+ g wf/] g r uƈdfr/],
dť] %dfo+ j ;o]y ;ƅt].
PtlŤ cŪlśsdfx'ká;y+,
a'ź]g b'ŋƃu'gf ksŽl;t+Ķ
ærƆá r ;'l/oá r peá ;'bƧgf,
cáef;o+ cg'kl/olƃ ofjtf.
tdág'bf t] kg cƃlnŋuf,
ge] kef;lƃ lb;flj/árgfĶ
æPtƸƨ o+ ljşlt cƃ/] wg+,
d'ųf dl) j]ń'l/oť eŹs+þ.
l;śL;'jŰ+ cy jflk sťg+,
o+ hŽt¿k+ xslƃ j'ŝltĶ
æcŪś'k]tƧ pká;yƧ,
snlƕ t] gfg'ejlƃ ;áńƸ;.
rƆƍef tf/u)f r ;Ƒ]Ķ
ætƨf lx gf/L r g/á r ;Lnjf,
cŪś'k]t+ pkjƧ'ká;y+.
k'ţflg sŷfg ;'v'ſoflg,
clglƆtf ;Ʈd'k]lƃ &fgÆlƃĶ kťd+.

6= cg'?ź;'ų+
46= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf sŽ];lƗo+ ljx/lt #ál;tf/fd]. t]g ±vëf kg ;do]g cfoƨf cg'?źá lbjfljxf/+ utá xált
kl;ƟLgá. cy ±vëf ;Ɨx'nf dgfksŽlosŽ b]jtf o]gfoƨf cg'?źá t]g'k;ŘƸd;'¶ pk;Řldŷf cfoƨƃ+ cg'?ź+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+
cŪ+;'. Psdƃ+ l&tf ±vëf tf b]jtf cfoƨƃ+ cg'?ź+ Ptbjár'+ - ædo+, eƃ] cg'?ź, dgfksŽlosŽ gfd b]jtf tL;' &fg];' OƧl/o+
sŽ/]d j;+ jų]d. do+, eƃ] cg'?ź, oflb;s+þ jŰ+ cfsřfd tflb;s+þ jŰ+ &fg;á klnefd¶ oflb;s+þ ;/+ cfsřfd tflb;s+þ ;/+
&fg;á klnefd¶ oflb;s+þ ;'v+ cfsřfd tflb;s+þ ;'v+ &fg;á klnefd. do+, eƃ] cg'?ź, dgfksŽlosŽ gfd b]jtf Od];' tL;'

30
&fg];' OƧl/o+ sŽ/]d j;+ jų]dfÆlt.
cy ±vëf cfoƨtá cg'?źƧ Ptbxál; - æcxá jltdf b]jtf ;Ƒfj gLnf cƧ' gLnjŰf gLnjŴf gLnfnŘf/fÆlt. cy ±vëf
tf b]jtf cfoƨtá cg'?źƧ lrųdţfo ;Ƒfj gLnf cx];'+ gLnjŰf gLnjŴf gLnfnŘf/f.
cy ±vëf cfoƨtá cg'?źƧ Ptbxál; - æcxá jltdf b]jtf ;Ƒfj kLtf cƧ'»k]0 ;Ƒfj nálxtsŽ cƧ'» ;Ƒfj cábftf
cƧ' cábftjŰf cábftjŴf cábftfnŘf/fÆlt. cy ±vëf tf b]jtf cfoƨtá cg'?źƧ lrųdţfo ;Ƒfj cábftf cx];'+ cábftjŰf
cábftjŴf cábftfnŘf/f.
cy ±vëf tf b]jtf PsŽ r û uflo PsŽ r û glŝ PsŽ r û cŞ/+ jfb]l;. ;]Ɯyflk gfd kťlśsƧ t"l/oƧ û ;'ljgLtƧ
;'ƍlktflńtƧ s'þ;n]lx ;';dƉfxtƧ ;Źá xált jƮ' r /hgLoá r sdgLoá r k]dgLoá r dbgLoá r¶ Pjd]j+ tf;+ b]jtfg+
cnŘf/fg+ ;Źá xált jƮ' r /hgLoá r sdgLoá r k]dgLoá r dbgLoá r. cy ±vëf cfoƨf cg'?źá OlƇoflg cálŋlk.
cy ±vëf tf b]jtf æg őƜá cg'?źá ;flbotLÆlt û tŴ]jƃ/wfƸo;'. cy ±vëf cfoƨf cg'?źá ;foƌ;do+ kl;Ɵfgf
j'lŪtá o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf cfoƨf cg'?źá eujƃ+ Ptbjár
-
æOwfx+, eƃ], lbjfljxf/+ utá xáld kl;ƟLgá. cy ±vëf, eƃ], ;Ɨx'nf dgfksŽlosŽ b]jtf o]gfx+ t]g'k;ŘƸd;'¶
pk;Řldŷf d+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ cŪ+;'. Psdƃ+ l&tf ±vëf, eƃ], tf b]jtf d+ Ptbjár'+ - ‘do+, eƃ] cg'?ź, dgfksŽlosŽ gfd
b]jtf tL;' &fg];' OƧl/o+ sŽ/]d j;+ jų]d. do+, eƃ] cg'?ź, oflb;s+þ jŰ+ cfsřfd tflb;s+þ jŰ+ &fg;á klnefd¶ oflb;s+þ ;/+
cfsřfd tflb;s+þ ;/+ &fg;á klnefd¶ oflb;s+þ ;'v+ cfsřfd tflb;s+þ ;'v+ &fg;á klnefd. do+, eƃ] cg'?ź, dgfksŽlosŽ gfd
b]jtf Od];' tL;' &fg];' OƧl/o+ sŽ/]d j;+ jų]df’lt. tƧ dƞ+, eƃ], Ptbxál; - ‘cxá jltdf b]jtf ;Ƒfj gLnf cƧ' gLnjŰf
gLnjŴf gLnfnŘf/f’lt. cy ±vëf, eƃ], tf b]jtf dd lrųdţfo ;Ƒfj gLnf cx];'+ gLnjŰf gLnjŴf gLnfnŘf/f.
ætƧ dƞ+, eƃ], Ptbxál; - ‘cxá jltdf b]jtf ;Ƒfj kLtf cƧ'»k]0 ;Ƒfj nálxtsŽ cƧ'»k]0 ;Ƒfj cábftf cƧ'
cábftjŰf cábftjŴf cábftfnŘf/f’lt cy ±vëf, eƃ], tf b]jtf dd lrųdţfo ;Ƒfj cábftf cx];'+ cábftjŰf cábftjŴf
cábftfnŘf/f.
æcy ±vëf, eƃ], tf b]jtf PsŽ r uflo PsŽ r glŝ PsŽ r cŞ/+ jfb]l;. ;]Ɯyflk gfd kťlśsƧ t"l/oƧ ;'ljgLtƧ
;'ƍlktflńtƧ s'þ;n]lx ;';dƉfxtƧ ;Źá xált jƮ' r /hgLoá r sdgLoá r k]dgLoá r dbgLoá r¶ Pjd]j+ tf;+ b]jtfg+
cnŘf/fg+ ;Źá xált jƮ' r /hgLoá r sdgLoá r k]dgLoá r dbgLoá r. cy őfx+, eƃ], OlƇoflg cálŋƸk.
æcy ±vëf, eƃ], tf b]jtf ‘g őƜá cg'?źá ;flbotL’lt tŴ]jƃ/wfƸo;'. sltlx g' ±vëf, eƃ], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá
dft'ufdá sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f dgfksŽlosŽg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkştLÆltĠ
æcŪlx ±vëf, cg'?ź, wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá dft'ufdá sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f dgfksŽlosŽg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkşlt. std]lx
cŪlxĠ Ow, cg'?ź, dft'ufdá oƧ dftflkt/á eų'gá b]lƃ cŴsŽdf lxt]l;gá cg'sƕsŽ cg'sƕ+ pkfbfo tƧ xált k'Ƒ'ŪflogL
kŞflgkfltgL lsŘf/klƧfljgL dgfkrfl/gL lkojflbgL.
æo] t] eų' u?gá û xálƃ - dftflt jf lktflt jf ;d)Ɣfƪ)flt jf - t] ;Ŋ/ált, u?+ s/ált û , dfg]lt, k"h]lt,
cưfut] r cf;gábs]þg klk"h]lt.
æo] t] eų' cưƃ/f sƙƃf - pŰflt jf sƍf;flt jf - tŴ bŋf xált cgn;f tŶ'kfofo û jLd+;fo ;dƉfutf cn+ sŽt'+
cn+ ;+ljwft'+.
æoá ;á eų' cưƃ/á cƃáhgá - bf;flt jf k]Ƨflt jf sƙs/flt jf - t];+ stť sttá hŽgflt cstť csttá hŽgflt,
lunfgsŽgť anfan+ hŽgflt vfbgLo+ eáhgLoťƧ kŝ+;g] û ;+ljehlt.
æo+ eų' cfx/lt wg+ jf wţ+ jf hŽt¿k+ jf t+ cf/ŋ]g u'lųof ;ƕfb]lt, tŴ r xált cw'ųL c±yëgL c;áůL cljgfl;sŽ.
æpkfl;sŽ ±vëf kg xált a'ź+ ;/)+ utf wƙ+ ;/)+ utf ;Ŝ+ ;/)+ utf.
æ;LnjtL ±vëf kg xált - kf)fltkftf kllj/tf, clbƉfbfgf kllj/tf, sŽd];'ldŞfrf/f kllj/tf, d';fjfbf
kllj/tf, ;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfgf kllj/tf.
ærfujtL ±vëf kg xált. ljutdndŞ]/]g r]t;f cuf/+ cŢfj;lt d'ųrfuf û kotkfl)gL û jáƧƮ/tf ofroáuf
bfg;+ljefu/tf.
æOd]lx ±vëf, cg'?ź, cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá dft'ufdá sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f dgfksŽlosŽg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+
pkkştLÆlt.
æoá g+ e/lt ;Ƒbf, lgŝ+ cftflk pƧ'sŽ].
t+ ;ƑsŽdb+ û ká;+, eųf/+ gfltdţltĶ
æg rflk ;álŴ eųf/+, OƧfjfb]g /á;o].
eų' r u?gá ;Ƒ], klk"h]lt klůtfĶ
æpŪflxsŽ û cgn;f, ;ślxtkl/şgf.
eų' dgfk+ r/lt, ;Ƙt+ cg'/ŋltĶ
æof Pj+ jųlt gf/L, eų' %Ɔj;fg'uf.
dgfkf gfd t] û b]jf, oŴ ;f pkkştLÆltĶ %Ū+.

31
7= b'ltolj;fvf;'ų+
47= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf ;fjlŴo+ ljx/lt k'Ƒf/fd] lduf/dft'kf;fb]. cy ±vëf lj;fvf lduf/dftf»k]0 Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖ+ ±vëf
lj;fv+ lduf/dft/+ eujf Ptbjár -
æcŪlx ±vëf, lj;f±vë, wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá dft'ufdá sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f dgfksŽlosŽg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkşlt. std]lx
cŪlxĠ Ow, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá oƧ dftflkt/á eų'gá b]lƃ cŴsŽdf lxt]l;gá cg'sƕsŽ cg'sƕ+ pkfbfo tƧ xált k'Ƒ'ŪflogL
kŞflgkfltgL lsŘf/klƧfljgL dgfkrfl/gL lkojflbgL»k]0.
ærfujtL ±vëf kg xált. ljutdndŞ]/]g r]t;f cuf/+ cŢfj;lt d'ųrfuf kotkfl)gL jáƧƮ/tf ofroáuf
bfg;+ljefu/tf. Od]lx ±vëf, lj;f±vë, cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá dft'ufdá sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f dgfksŽlosŽg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+
pkkştLÆlt.
æoá g+ e/lt ;Ƒbf, lgŝ+ cftflk pƧ'sŽ].
t+ ;ƑsŽdb+ ká;+, eųf/+ gfltdţltĶ
æg rflk ;álŴ eųf/+, OƧfjfb]g /á;o].
eų' r u?gá ;Ƒ], klk"h]lt klůtfĶ
æpŪflxsŽ cgn;f, ;ślxtkl/şgf.
eų' dgfk+ r/lt, ;Ƙt+ cg'/ŋltĶ
æof Pj+ jųlt gf/L, eų' %Ɔj;fg'uf.
dgfkf gfd t] û b]jf, oŴ ;f pkkştLÆltĶ ;ųd+.

8= gs'þndftf;'ų+
48= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf e±Ʈë;' ljx/lt ;'+;'df/lu/] û e];sńfjg] ldubfo]. cy ±vëf gs'þndftf uxktfgL o]g eujf
t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf»k]0. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖ+ ±vëf gs'þndft/+ uxktfƸg eujf Ptbjár -
æcŪlx ±vëf, gs'þndft], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá dft'ufdá sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f dgfksŽlosŽg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+ pkkşlt. std]lx
cŪlxĠ Ow, gs'þndft], dft'ufdá oƧ dftflkt/á eų'gá b]lƃ cŴsŽdf lxt]l;gá cg'sƕsŽ cg'sƕ+ pkfbfo tƧ xált k'Ƒ'ŪflogL
kŞflgkfltgL lsŘf/klƧfljgL dgfkrfl/gL lkojflbgL.
æo] t] eų' u?gá xálƃ - dftflt jf lktflt jf ;d)Ɣfƪ)flt jf - t] ;Ŋ/ált u?+ s/ált dfg]lt k"h]lt, cưfut] r
cf;gábs]þg klk"h]lt.
æo] t] eų' cưƃ/f sƙƃf - pŰflt jf sƍf;flt jf - tŴ bŋf xált cgn;f tŶ'kfofo jLd+;fo ;dƉfutf cn+ sŽt'+ cn+
;+ljwft'+.
æoá ;á eų' cưƃ/á cƃáhgá - bf;flt jf k]Ƨflt jf sƙs/flt jf - t];+ stť sttá hŽgflt cstť csttá hŽgflt,
lunfgsŽgť anfan+ hŽgflt vfbgLo+ eáhgLoťƧ kŝ+;]g ;+ljehlt.
æo+ eųf cfx/lt wg+ jf wţ+ jf /ht+ jf hŽt¿k+ jf t+ cf/ŋ]g u'lųof ;ƕfb]lt, tŴ r xált cw'ųL c±yëgL c;áůL
cljgfl;sŽ.
æpkfl;sŽ ±vëf kg xált a'ź+ ;/)+ utf wƙ+ ;/)+ utf ;Ŝ+ ;/)+ utf.
æ;LnjtL ±vëf kg xált - kf)fltkftf kllj/tf»k]0 ;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfgf kllj/tf»k]0.
ærfujtL ±vëf kg xált ljutdndŞ]/]g r]t;f cuf/+ cŢfj;lt d'ųrfuf kotkfl)gL jáƧƮ/tf ofroáuf
bfg;+ljefu/tf.
æOd]lx ±vëf, gs'þndft], cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá dft'ufdá sŽoƧ e]bf k/+ d/)f dgfksŽlosŽg+ b]jfg+ ;xƓt+
pkkştLÆlt.
æoá g+ e/lt ;Ƒbf, lgŝ+ cftflk pƧ'sŽ].
t+ ;ƑsŽdb+ ká;+, eųf/+ gfltdţltĶ
æg rflk ;álŴ eųf/+, OƧfjfb]g /á;o].
eų' r u?gá ;Ƒ], klk"h]lt klůtfĶ
æpŪflxsŽ cgn;f, ;ślxtkl/şgf.
eų' dgfk+ r/lt, ;Ƙt+ cg'/ŋltĶ
æof Pj+ jųlt gf/L, eų' %Ɔj;fg'uf.
dgfkf gfd t] û b]jf, oŴ ;f pkkştLÆltĶ cŪd+.

32
9= k&dOwnálss;'ų+
49= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf ;fjlŴo+ ljx/lt k'Ƒf/fd] lduf/dft'kf;fb]. cy ±vëf lj;fvf lduf/dftf o]g eujf
t]g'k;Řld»k]0. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖ+ ±vëf lj;fv+ lduf/dft/+ eujf Ptbjár -
ært"lx ±vëf, lj;f±vë, wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá dft'ufdá Ownásljhofo klkƉá xált, co+; násŽ] cf/źá xált. std]lx
rt"lxĠ Ow, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá ;';+ljlxtsƙƃá xált, ;ślxtkl/hgá, eų' dgfk+ r/lt, ;Ƙt+ cg'/ŋlt.
æsyť lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá ;';+ljlxtsƙƃá xáltĠ Ow, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá o] t] eų' cưƃ/f sƙƃf - pŰflt jf sƍf;flt
jf - tŴ bŋf xált cgn;f tŶ'kfofo jLd+;fo ;dƉfutf cn+ sŽt'+ cn+ ;+ljwft'+. Pj+ ±vëf, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá ;';+ljlxtsƙƃá
xált.
æsyť, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá ;ślxtkl/hgá xáltĠ Ow, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá oá ;á eų' cưƃ/á cƃáhgá - bf;flt jf
k]Ƨflt jf sƙs/flt jf - t];+ stť sttá hŽgflt cstť csttá hŽgflt, lunfgsŽgť anfan+ hŽgflt vfbgLo+ eáhgLoťƧ kŝ+;]g
;+ljehlt. Pj+ ±vëf, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá ;ślxtkl/hgá xált.
æsyť, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá eų' dgfk+ r/ltĠ Ow, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá o+ eų' cdgfk;řft+ t+ hLljtx]t'lk g
cŢfr/lt. Pj+ ±vëf, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá eų' dgfk+ r/lt.
æsyť, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá ;Ƙt+ cg'/ŋltĠ Ow, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá o+ eųf cfx/lt wg+ jf wţ+ jf /ht+ jf hŽt¿k+ jf
t+ cf/ŋ]g u'lųof ;ƕfb]lt, tŴ r xált cw'ųL c±yëgL c;áůL cljgfl;sŽ. Pj+ ±vëf, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá ;Ƙt+ cg'/ŋlt. Od]lx
±vëf, lj;f±vë, rt"lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá dft'ufdá Ownásljhofo klkƉá xált, co+; násŽ] cf/źá xált.
ært"lx ±vëf lj;f±vë, wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá dft'ufdá k/násljhofo klkƉá xált, k/násŽ] cf/źá xált. std]lx rt"lxĠ
Ow, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá ;źf;ƕƉá xált, ;Ln;ƕƉá xált, rfu;ƕƉá xált, kţf;ƕƉá xált.
æsyť lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá ;źf;ƕƉá xáltĠ Ow, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá ;źá xált, ;Źxlt tyfutƧ aáƸw - ‘Oltlk ;á
eujf c/x+ ;ƙf;Ɨ'źá ljşŽr/);ƕƉá ;'utá násljb" cg'ų/á k'l/;bƙ;f/ly ;Ŵf b]jdg'Ƨfg+ a'źá eujf’lt. Pj+ ±vëf, lj;f±vë,
dft'ufdá ;źf;ƕƉá xált.
æsyť, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá ;Ln;ƕƉá xáltĠ Ow lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá kf)fltkftf kllj/tá xált»k]0
;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfgf kllj/tá xált. Pj+ ±vëf, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá ;Ln;ƕƉá xált.
æsyť lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá rfu;ƕƉá xáltĠ Ow, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá ljutdndŞ]/]g r]t;f cuf/+ cŢfj;lt d'ųrfuf
kotkfl)gL jáƧƮ/tf ofroáuf bfg;+ljefu/tf. Pj+ ±vëf, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá rfu;ƕƉá xált.
æsyť, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá kţf;ƕƉá xáltĠ Ow, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá kţjf xált»k]0 Pj+ ±vëf, lj;f±vë, dft'ufdá
kţf;ƕƉá xált. Od]lx ±vëf, lj;f±vë, rt"lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá dft'ufdá k/násljhofo klkƉá xált, k/násŽ] cf/źá xátLÆlt.
æ;';+ljlxtsƙƃf, ;ślxtkl/şgf.
eų' dgfk+ r/lt, ;Ƙt+ cg'/ŋltĶ
æ;źf ;Ln]g ;ƕƉf, jbţ" jLtdŞ/f.
lgŝ+ dƮ+ lj;á±wëlt, ;áŴfg+ ;ƕ/flos+þĶ
æOŝ]t] cŪ wƙf r, oƧf ljşlƃ gfl/of.
tlƕ ;LnjƸt cfx', wƙŪ+ ;ŝjflbƸgĶ
æ;áń;fsŽ/;ƕƉf, cŪś;';dfutf.
tflb;L ;LnjtL pkfl;sŽ.
pkkşlt b]jnás+þ dgfkÆlƃĶ gjd+.

10= b'ltoOwnálss;'ų+
50= ært"lx leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá dft'ufdá Ownásljhofo klkƉá xált, co+; násŽ] cf/źá xált. std]lx rt"lxĠ
Ow leŋj], dft'ufdá ;';+ljlxtsƙƃá xált, ;ślxtkl/hgá, eų' dgfk+ r/lt, ;Ƙt+ cg'/ŋlt.
æsyť, leŋj], dft'ufdá ;';+ljlxtsƙƃá xáltĠ Ow, leŋj], dft'ufdá o] t] eų' cưƃ/f sƙƃf»k]0 Pj+ ±vëf, leŋj],
dft'ufdá ;';+ljlxtsƙƃá xált.
æsyť, leŋj], dft'ufdá ;ślxtkl/hgá xáltĠ Ow, leŋj], dft'ufdá oá ;á eų' cưƃ/á cƃáhgá»k]0 Pj+ ±vëf,
leŋj], dft'ufdá ;ślxtkl/hgá xált.
æsyť leŋj], dft'ufdá eų' dgfk+ r/ltĠ Ow, leŋj], dft'ufdá o+ eų' cdgfk;řft+ t+ hLljtx]t'lk g cŢfr/lt.
Pj+ ±vëf, leŋj], dft'ufdá eų' dgfk+ r/lt.
æsyť, leŋj], dft'ufdá ;Ƙt+ cg'/ŋltĠ Ow, leŋj], dft'ufdá o+ eųf cfx/lt»k]0 Pj+ ±vëf, leŋj], dft'ufdá
;Ƙt+ cg'/ŋlt. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], rt"lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá dft'ufdá Ownásljhofo klkƉá xált, co+; násŽ] cf/źá xált.
ært"lx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá dft'ufdá k/násljhofo klkƉá xált, k/násŽ] cf/źá xált. std]lx rt"lxĠ
Ow, leŋj], dft'ufdá ;źf;ƕƉá xált, ;Ln;ƕƉá xált, rfu;ƕƉá xált, kţf;ƕƉá xált.

33
æsyť, leŋj], dft'ufdá ;źf;ƕƉá xáltĠ Ow, leŋj], dft'ufdá ;źá xált»k]0 Pj+ ±vëf, leŋj], dft'ufdá ;źf;ƕƉá
xált.
æsyť leŋj], dft'ufdá ;Ln;ƕƉá xáltĠ Ow, leŋj], dft'ufdá kf)fltkftf kllj/tá xált»k]0
;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfgf kllj/tá xált. Pj+ ±vëf, leŋj], dft'ufdá ;Ln;ƕƉá xált.
æsyť, leŋj], dft'ufdá rfu;ƕƉá xáltĠ Ow, leŋj], dft'ufdá ljutdndŞ]/]g r]t;f cuf/+ cŢfj;lt»k]0 Pj+ ±vëf
leŋj], dft'ufdá rfu;ƕƉá xált.
æsyť, leŋj], dft'ufdá kţf;ƕƉá xáltĠ Ow, leŋj], dft'ufdá kţjf xált»k]0 Pj+ ±vëf, leŋj], dft'ufdá
kţf;ƕƉá xált. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], rt"lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá dft'ufdá k/násljhofo klkƉá xált, k/násŽ] cf/źá xátLÆlt.
æ;';+ljlxtsƙƃf, ;ślxtkl/şgf.
eų' dgfk+ r/lt, ;Ƙt+ cg'/ŋltĶ
æ;źf ;Ln]g ;ƕƉf, jbţ" jLtdŞ/f.
lgŝ+ dƮ+ lj;á±wëlt, ;áŴfg+ ;ƕ/flos+þĶ
æOŝ]t] cŪ wƙf r, oƧf ljşlƃ gfl/of.
tlƕ ;LnjƸt cfx', wƙŪ+ ;ŝjflbƸgĶ
æ;áń;fsŽ/;ƕƉf, cŪś;';dfutf.
tflb;L ;LnjtL pkfl;sŽ, pkkşlt b]jnás+þ dgfkÆlƃĶ b;d+.

pká;yj±Ʈëf kťdá.

tƧ'Źfg+ -
;+lvų] ljŴt] lj;f±vë, jf;]Ūá aáŢfo kťd+.
cg'?ź+ k'g lj;f±vë, gs'þnf OwnálssŽ ƀ]ltĶ

k&dkŰf;s+þ ;dų+.

2= b'ltokŰf;s+þ

‘6’ 1= ±uëftdLj±Ʈëf

1= ±uëftdL;'ų+
51= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf ;Ŋ]þ;' ljx/lt slknjŴ'Ƹƨ lgŖáwf/fd]. cy ±vëf dxfkhŽktL û ±uëftdL o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶
pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ cŪfl;. Psdƃ+ l&tf ±vëf dxfkhŽktL ±uëftdL eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æ;fw', eƃ], ne]Ɯ
dft'ufdá tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑşÆlƃ. æcn+, ±uëftld¹ df t] ?lŝ dft'ufdƧ tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo]
cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑşŽÆlt.
b'ltolƕ ±vëf dxfkhŽktL ±uëftdL eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æ;fw', eƃ], ne]Ɯ dft'ufdá tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf
cgufl/o+ kƑşÆlƃ. æcn+, ±uëftld¹ df t] ?lŝ dft'ufdƧ tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑşŽÆlt. ætltolƕ ±vëf
dxfkhŽktL ±uëftdL eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æ;fw' eƃ], ne]Ɯ dft'ufdá tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑşÆlƃ. æcn+,
±uëftld¹ df t] ?lŝ dft'ufdƧ tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑşŽÆlt.
cy ±vëf dxfkhŽktL ±uëftdL æg eujf cg'hŽgflt dft'ufdƧ tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑşÆlƃ b'ŋL
b'ƙgf cƧ'd'vL ?bdfgf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf kblŋ)+ sŷf kŊŽld.
cy ±vëf eujf slknjŴ'Ƹƨ oyfle/ƃ+ ljxl/ŷf o]g j];fnL t]g rfl/s+þ kŊŽld cg'k'Ƒ]g rfl/s+þ r/dfgá o]g j];fnL
tbj;l/. tŶ ;'b+ eujf j];flno+ ljx/lt dxfjg] s"þfuf/;fnfo+ cy ±vëf dxfkhŽktL ±uëftdL s]þ;] %]bfk]ŷf sŽ;foflg jŴflg
cŞfb]ŷf ;Ɨx'nflx ;flsofgLlx ;Ƹź o]g j];fnL t]g kŊŽld. cg'k'Ƒ]g o]g j];fnL dxfjg+ s"þfuf/;fnf t]g'k;Řld. cy ±vëf
dxfkhŽktL ±uëftdL ;"g]lx kfb]lx /hŽ]lsŰ]g uų]g b'ŋL b'ƙgf cƧ'd'vL ?bdfgf alxƀf/sŽ]Ūs]þ cŪfl;.
cŹ;f ±vëf cfoƨf cfgƆá dxfkhŽkƸt ±uëftƸd ;"g]lx kfb]lx /hŽ]lsŰ]g uų]g b'Ƹŋ b'ƙg+ cƧ'd'Ƹv ?bdfg+ alxƀf/sŽ]Ūs]þ
l&t+. lbƩfg dxfkhŽkƸt ±uëftƸd Ptbjár - æƸs g' ŷ+, ±uëftld, ;"g]lx kfb]lx /hŽ]lsŰ]g uų]g b'ŋL b'ƙgf cƧ'd'vL ?bdfgf
alxƀf/sŽ]Ūs]þ l&tfÆltĠ ætyf lx kg, eƃ] cfgƆ, g eujf cg'hŽgflt dft'ufdƧ tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+

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kƑşÆlƃ. æt]g lx ŷ+, ±uëftld, d'x'ų+ O±wëj tfj xálx, ofjfx+ eujƃ+ ofrfld dft'ufdƧ tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf
cgufl/o+ kƑşÆlƃ.
cy ±vëf cfoƨf cfgƆá o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf cfoƨf
cfgƆá eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æP;f, eƃ], dxfkhŽktL ±uëftdL ;"g]lx kfb]lx /hŽ]lsŰ]g uų]g b'ŋL b'ƙgf cƧ'd'vL ?bdfgf alxƀf/sŽ]Ūs]þ
l&tf - ‘g eujf cg'hŽgflt dft'ufdƧ tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑş’lƃ. ;fw', eƃ], ne]Ɯ dft'ufdá
tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑşÆlƃ. æcn+, cfgƆ¹ df t] ?lŝ dft'ufdƧ tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf
cgufl/o+ kƑşŽÆlt.
b'ltolƕ ±vëf»k]0 tltolƕ ±vëf cfoƨf cfgƆá eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æ;fw', eƃ], ne]Ɯ dft'ufdá tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo]
cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑşÆlƃ. æcn+, cfgƆ¹ df t] ?lŝ dft'ufdƧ tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑşŽÆlt.
cy ±vëf cfoƨtá cfgƆƧ Ptbxál; - æg eujf cg'hŽgflt dft'ufdƧ tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+
kƑş+. o+g"gfx+ cţ]glk kl/ofo]g eujƃ+ ofr]Ɯ+ dft'ufdƧ tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑşÆlƃ. cy ±vëf cfoƨf
cfgƆá eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æeƑá g' ±vëf, eƃ], dft'ufdá tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑlhŷf ;átfklųmþn+ jf
;sbfufldmþn+ jf cgfufldmþn+ jf c/xųmþn+ jf ;lŞsŽt'ÆlƃĠ æeƑá, cfgƆ, dft'ufdá tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+
kƑlhŷf ;átfklųmþnlƕ ;sbfufldmþnlƕ cgfufldmþnlƕ c/xųmþnlƕ ;lŞsŽt'Ælƃ. æ;r], eƃ], eƑá dft'ufdá tyfutƍj]lbt]
wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑlhŷf ;átfklųmþnlƕ»k]0 c/xųmþnlƕ ;lŞsŽt'+, ax'sŽ/f, eƃ], dxfkhŽktL ±uëftdL eujtá dft'Şf
cfkflbsŽ kál;sŽ vL/Ƨ bflosŽ¶ eujƃ+ hg]lųof sŽnŘtfo yţ+ kfo]l;. ;fw', eƃ], ne]Ɯ dft'ufdá tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo]
cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑşÆlƃ.
æ;r], cfgƆ, dxfkhŽktL ±uëftdL cŪ u?wƙ] klƮŲflt, ;fjƧf xát' pk;ƕbf -
û æjƧ;t"k;ƕƉfo leŋ'lgof tbx"k;ƕƉƧ leŋ'gá clejfbg+ kŝ'Ūfg+ cŧlnsƙ+ ;fdLlrsƙ+ sųƑ+. colƕ wƙá ;Ŋŷf u?+
sŷf û dfg]ŷf k"h]ŷf ofjhLj+ cgltŊdgLoá.
æg leŋ'lgof cleŋ's]þ cfjf;] jƧ+ pkuƃƑ+. colƕ wƙá ;Ŋŷf u?+ sŷf dfg]ŷf k"h]ŷf ofjhLj+ cgltŊdgLoá.
æcƋŬdf;+ leŋ'lgof leŋ';Ŝtá ƀ] wƙf kŝf;Ll;tƑf û - pká;yk'Şsť, cájfb"k;Řdgť colƕ wƙá ;Ŋŷf u?+ sŷf
dfg]ŷf k"h]ŷf ofjhLj+ cgltŊdgLoá.
æjƧ+j'Ūfo leŋ'lgof petá;Ŝ] tLlx &fg]lx kjf/]tƑ+ - lbŪ]g jf ;'t]g jf kl/;Řfo jf. colƕ wƙá ;Ŋŷf u?+ sŷf
dfg]ŷf k"h]ŷf ofjhLj+ cgltŊdgLoá.
æu?wƙ+ cŢfkƉfo leŋ'lgof petá;Ŝ] kŋdfgų+ rl/tƑ+. colƕ wƙá ;Ŋŷf u?+ sŷf dfg]ŷf k"h]ŷf ofjhLj+
cgltŊdgLoá.
æƀ] jƧflg %;' wƙ];' l;lŋtl;ŋfo l;ŋdfgfo petá;Ŝ] pk;ƕbf kl/o]l;tƑf. colƕ wƙá ;Ŋŷf u?+ sŷf dfg]ŷf
k"h]ŷf ofjhLj+ cgltŊdgLoá.
æg s]þglr kl/ofo]g leŋ'lgof leŋ' cŊŽ]l;tƑá kl/efl;tƑá. colƕ wƙá ;Ŋŷf u?+ sŷf dfg]ŷf k"h]ŷf ofjhLj+
cgltŊdgLoá.
æcşt±Ʈë cájá leŋ'gLg+ leŋ";' jrgk±yëf, cgájá leŋ"g+ leŋ'gL;' jrgk±yëf. colƕ wƙá ;Ŋŷf u?+ sŷf dfg]ŷf
k"h]ŷf ofjhLj+ cgltŊdgLoá.
æ;r], cfgƆ, dxfkhŽktL ±uëftdL Od] cŪ u?wƙ] klƮŲflt, ;fjƧf xát' pk;ƕbfÆlt.
cy ±vëf cfoƨf cfgƆá eujtá ;lƃs]þ Od] cŪ u?wƙ] pƮx]ŷf o]g dxfkhŽktL ±uëftdL t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf
dxfkhŽkƸt ±uëftƸd Ptbjár -
æ;r] ±vëf ŷ+, ±uëftld, cŪ u?wƙ] klƮŲ]Ɯfl;, ;fj t] eljƧlt pk;ƕbf -
æjƧ;t"k;ƕƉfo leŋ'lgof tbx"k;ƕƉƧ leŋ'gá clejfbg+ kŝ'Ūfg+ cŧlnsƙ+ ;fdLlrsƙ+ sųƑ+. colƕ wƙá ;Ŋŷf u?+
sŷf dfg]ŷf k"h]ŷf ofjhLj+ cgltŊdgLoá»k]0.
æcşt±Ʈë cájá leŋ'gLg+ leŋ";' jrgk±yëf, cgájá leŋ"g+ leŋ'gL;' jrgk±yëf. colƕ wƙá ;Ŋŷf u?+ sŷf dfg]ŷf
k"h]ŷf ofjhLj+ cgltŊdgLoá. ;r] ±vëf ŷ+, ±uëftld, Od] cŪ u?wƙ] klƮŲ]Ɯfl;, ;fj t] eljƧlt pk;ƕbfÆlt.
æ;]Ɯyflk eƃ] cfgƆ, OŴL jf k'l/;á jf bx/á o'jf důgshŽltsŽ] û ;L;+ƌftá û pƍndfn+ jf jlƧsdfn+ jf clwd'ųsdfn+
û jf nleŷf peálx xŴ]lx klƮx]ŷf pųdś] l;/Ƹƨ kltŪfk]Ɯ¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf cx+, eƃ] cfgƆ, Od] cŪ u?wƙ] klƮŲfld ofjhLj+
cgltŊdgLo]Ælt.
cy ±vëf cfoƨf cfgƆá o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf cfoƨf
cfgƆá eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æklƮlxtf, eƃ], dxfkhŽkltof ±uëftldof cŪ u?wƙf ofjhLj+ cgltŊdgLofÆlt.
æ;r], cfgƆ, gfnleƧ dft'ufdá tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑş+, lr/lŪlts+þ, cfgƆ, Ɣƪrl/o+
celjƧ, jƧ;xƧd]j ;źƙá ltŪ]Ɯ. otá r ±vëf, cfgƆ, dft'ufdá tyfutƍj]lbt] wƙljgo] cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑlhtá, g bflg,
cfgƆ, Ɣƪrl/o+ lr/lŪlts+þ eljƧlt. kť]j bflg, cfgƆ, jƧ;tflg ;źƙá &Ƨlt.
æ;]Ɯyflk, cfgƆ, oflg sŽlglr s'þnflg ax'lŴsŽlg û cƍk'l/;sŽlg, tflg ;'ƍw+l;oflg xálƃ rá/]lx s'þƘŴ]gs]þlx¶ Pjd]j+
±vëf, cfgƆ, oƸƨ wƙljgo] nelt dft'ufdá cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑş+, g t+ Ɣƪrl/o+ lr/lŪlts+þ xált.
æ;]Ɯyflk cfgƆ, ;ƕƉ] ;flnŋ]ų] ;]tlŪsŽ gfd /áuhŽlt lgktlt, Pj+ t+ ;flnŋ]ų+ g lr/lŪlts+þ xált¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf,
cfgƆ, oƸƨ wƙljgo] nelt dft'ufdá cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑş+, g t+ Ɣƪrl/o+ lr/lŪlts+þ xált.
æ;]Ɯyflk cfgƆ, ;ƕƉ] pŞ'ŋ]ų] dlŧlŪsŽ û gfd /áuhŽlt lgktlt, Pj+ t+ pŞ'ŋ]ų+ g lr/lŪlts+þ xált¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf,

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cfgƆ, oƸƨ wƙljgo] nelt dft'ufdá cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑş+, g t+ Ɣƪrl/o+ lr/lŪlts+þ xált.
æ;]Ɯyflk cfgƆ, k'l/;á dxtá tńfsƧ klsŝ]j û cfƸń aƈ]Ɯ ofjb]j pbsƧ cgltŊdgfo¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, cfgƆ, dof
klsŝ]j leŋ'gLg+ cŪ u?wƙf kţųf ofjhLj+ cgltŊdgLofÆlt. k&d+.

2= cájfb;'ų+
52= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf j];flno+ ljx/lt dxfjg] s"þfuf/;fnfo+. cy ±vëf cfoƨf cfgƆá o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶
pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf cfoƨf cfgƆá eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æsltlx g' ±vëf, eƃ], wƙ]lx
;dƉfutá leŋ' leŋ'gájfbsŽ] ;ƙlƉtƑáÆltĠ
û æcŪlx ±vëf, cfgƆ, wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' leŋ'gájfbsŽ] ;ƙlƉtƑá. std]lx cŪlxĠ OwfgƆ, leŋ' ;Lnjf xált»k]0
;dfbfo l;ŋlt l;ŋfkb];'¶ ax'Ƨ'tá xált»k]0 lblŪof ;'ƍlljźf¶ peoflg ±vëf kgƧ kfltdáŋflg ljŴf/]g Ʃfutflg xálƃ ;'ljeųflg
;'ƍjųLlg ;'ljlglŞtflg ;'ų;á cg'Ɠŧg;ᶠsƠf)jfrá xált sƠf)jfŊ/±)ëf, kál/of jfrfo ;dƉfutá ljƧŪfo û cg]nuńfo û cŴƧ
ljţfklgof¶ klaná xált leŋ'lg;ŜƧ wlƙof syfo ;ƆƧ]t'+ ;dfbk]t'+ ;d'ų]h]t'+ ;ƕx+;]t'+¶ o]e'Ɯ]g leŋ'gLg+ lkoá xált dgfkᶠg ±vëf
kg]t+ eujƃ+ plŹƧ kƑlhtfo sŽ;fojŴlgj;gfo u?wƙ+ cŢfkƉk'Ƒá xált¶ jL;ltjƧá jf xált clt/]sjL;ltjƧá jf. Od]lx ±vëf,
cfgƆ, cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' leŋ'gájfbsŽ] ;ƙlƉtƑáÆlt. b'lto+.

3= ;+lvų;'ų+
53= û Ps+þ ;do+ eujf j];flno+ ljx/lt dxfjg] s"þfuf/;fnfo+. cy ±vëf dxfkhŽktL ±uëftdL o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶
pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ cŪfl;. Psdƃ+ l&tf ±vëf ;f dxfkhŽktL ±uëftdL eujƃ+ Ptbjár -
æ;fw' d], eƃ], eujf ;+lvų]g wƙ+ b];]t', odx+ eujtá wƙ+ ;'ŷf PsŽ j"ksŪf cƍdųf cftflkgL klxtųf ljx/]ƜÆlƃ.
æo] ±vëf ŷ+, ±uëftld, wƙ] hŽg]Ɯfl; - ‘Od] wƙf ;/fufo ;+jųlƃ, gá lj/fufo¶ ;+oáufo ;+jųlƃ, gá lj;+oáufo¶ cfrofo ;+jųlƃ,
gá ckrofo¶ dlxŞtfo ;+jųlƃ, gá clƍŞtfo¶ c;ƃ'lŪof ;+jųlƃ, gá ;ƃ'lŪof¶ ;śl)sŽo ;+jųlƃ, gá kljj]sŽo¶ sŽ];şŽo
;+jųlƃ, gá jLl/of/Ƙfo¶ b'ư/tfo ;+jųlƃ, gá ;'e/tfof’lt, Ps+þ;]g, ±uëftld, wf/]Ɯfl; - ‘g];á wƙá, g];á ljgoá, g]t+
;Ŵ';f;g’Ælƃ
æo] r ±vëf ŷ+, ±uëftld, wƙ] hŽg]Ɯfl; - ‘Od] wƙf lj/fufo ;+jųlƃ, gá ;/fufo¶ lj;+oáufo ;+jųlƃ, gá ;+oáufo¶
ckrofo ;+jųlƃ, gá cfrofo¶ clƍŞtfo ;+jųlƃ, gá dlxŞtfo¶ ;ƃ'lŪof ;+jųlƃ, gá c;ƃ'lŪof¶ kljj]sŽo ;+jųlƃ, gá
;śl)sŽo jLl/of/Ƙfo ;+jųlƃ, gá sŽ];şŽo¶ ;'e/tfo ;+jųlƃ, gá b'ư/tfof’lt, Ps+þ;]g, ±uëftld, wf/]Ɯfl; - ‘P;á wƙá, P;á
ljgoá, Pt+ ;Ŵ';f;g’Ælƃ. tlto+.

4= bL#hŽ)';'ų+
54= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf sŽ]lno];' ljx/lt sŊ/kų+ gfd sŽ]lnofg+ lgudá. cy ±vëf bL#hŽ)' sŽ]lnok'ųá o]g eujf
t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf bL#hŽ)' sŽ]lnok'ųá eujƃ+ Ptbjár - ædo+, eƃ],
luxL sŽdeálugá û k'ų;Ɨfw;og+ cŢfj;fd, sŽl;srƆg+ kŝg'eád dfnfuƈljn]kg+ wf/ofd, hŽt¿k/ht+ ;fbofd. t];+ gá, eƃ],
eujf cƛfs+þ tyf wƙ+ b];]t' o] cƛfs+þ cƧ' wƙf lbŪwƙlxtfo lbŪwƙ;'vfo, ;ƕ/folxtfo ;ƕ/fo;'vfofÆlt.
ærųf/ád], ƓŔkş, wƙf s'þnk'ųƧ lbŪwƙlxtfo ;+jųlƃ lbŪwƙ;'vfo. std] rųf/áĠ pŪfg;ƕbf, cf/ŋ;ƕbf,
sƠf)ldųtf, ;dhLljtf û . stdf r, ƓŔkş, pŪfg;ƕbfĠ Ow, ƓŔkş, s'þnk'ųá o]g sƙŪfg]g hLljs+þ û sƍ]lt - olb
sl;of, olb jl)şŽo, olb ±uëf/ŋ]g, olb OƧų]g û , olb /fhkál/;]g, olb l;ƍţt/]g - tŴ bŋá xált cgn;á, tŶ'kfofo
jLd+;fo ;dƉfutá, cn+ sŽt'+ cn+ ;+ljwft'+. co+ j'ŝlt, ƓŔkş, pŪfg;ƕbf.
æstdf r, ƓŔkş, cf/ŋ;ƕbfĠ Ow, ƓŔkş, s'þnk'ųƧ eáuf xálƃ pŪfgjLl/oflwutf afxfankl/lrtf, ;]bfjlŋųf,
wlƙsŽ wƙnźf. t] cf/ŋ]g u'lųof ;ƕfb]lt - ‘lslƃ d] Od] eá±uë g]j /fhŽgá x/]Ɯ'+, g rá/f x/]Ɯ'+, g clƮ *x]Ɯ, g pbs+þ jx]Ɯ,
g clƍof bfofbf x/]Ɯ'’lƃ¹ co+ j'ŝlt, ƓŔkş, cf/ŋ;ƕbf.
æstdf r, ƓŔkş, sƠf)ldųtfĠ Ow, ƓŔkş, s'þnk'ųá oƸƨ ufd] jf lgud] jf klj;lt, tŴ o] t] xálƃ - uxktL
jf uxkltk'ųf jf bx/f jf j'ź;Llngá, j'źf jf j'ź;Llngá, ;źf;ƕƉf, ;Ln;ƕƉf, rfu;ƕƉf, kţf;ƕƉf - t]lx ;Ƹź ;lƃŪlt
;Ɵklt ;fsŞ+ ;dfkşlt¶ oyf¿kfg+ ;źf;ƕƉfg+ ;źf;ƕb+ cg'l;ŋlt, oyf¿kfg+ ;Ln;ƕƉfg+ ;Ln;ƕb+ cg'l;ŋlt, oyf¿kfg+
rfu;ƕƉfg+ rfu;ƕb+ cg'l;ŋlt, oyf¿kfg+ kţf;ƕƉfg+ kţf;ƕb+ cg'l;ŋlt. co+ j'ŝlt, ƓŔkş, sƠf)ldųtf.
æstdf r, ƓŔkş, ;dhLljtfĠ Ow, ƓŔkş, s'þnk'ųá cfoť eáufg+ ljlbŷf, joť eáufg+ ljlbŷf, ;d+ hLljs+þ û
sƍ]lt gfŝáufŃÜ+ gfltxLg+ - ‘Pj+ d] cfoá jo+ kl/ofbfo &Ƨlt, g r d] joá cfo+ kl/ofbfo &ƧtL’lt. ;]Ɯyflk ƓŔkş,
t'nfwf/á jf t'nfwf/ƃ]jf;L jf t'n+ kƮx]ŷf hŽgflt - ‘Pųs]þg jf cágt+ û , Pųs]þg jf pƉt’lƃ û ¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, ƓŔkş, s'þnk'ųá
cfoť eáufg+ ljlbŷf, joť eáufg+ ljlbŷf, ;d+ hLljs+þ sƍ]lt gfŝáufŃÜ+ gfltxLg+ - ‘Pj+ d] cfoá jo+ kl/ofbfo &Ƨlt g r d]
joá cfo+ kl/ofbfo &ƧtL’lt. ;rfo+, ƓŔkş, s'þnk'ųá cƍfoá ;dfgá pńf/+ hLljs+þ û sƍ]lt, tƧ ejlƃ jųf/á -
‘pb'Ɨ/vfbLjfo+ û s'þnk'ųá eá±uë vfbtL’lt. ;r] kgfo+, ƓŔkş, s'þnk'ųá dxfoá ;dfgá sl;/+ hLljs+þ û sƍ]lt, tƧ ejlƃ jųf/á
- ‘ch]Ūd/)+jfo+ û s'þnk'ųá dl/ƧtL’lt. otá r ±vëfo+, ƓŔkş, s'þnk'ųá cfoť eáufg+ ljlbŷf, joť eáufg+ ljlbŷf, ;d+ hLljs+þ

36
sƍ]lt gfŝáufŃÜ+ gfltxLg+ - ‘Pj+ d] cfoá jo+ kl/ofbfo &Ƨlt, g r d] joá cfo+ kl/ofbfo &ƧtL’lt. co+ j'ŝlt, ƓŔkş,
;dhLljtf.
æPj+ ;d'ƍƉfg+, ƓŔkş, eáufg+ rųfl/ ckfod'vflg xálƃ - OlŴw'ųá, ;'/fw'ųá, cŋw'ųá, kfkldųá kfk;xfoá
kfk;ƕjŘá. ;]Ɯyflk, ƓŔkş, dxtá tńfsƧ rųfl/ r]j cfod'vflg, rųfl/ r ckfod'vflg. tƧ k'l/;á oflg r]j cfod'vflg
tflg lkbx]Ɯ, oflg r ckfod'vflg tflg ljj/]Ɯ¶ b]já r g ;ƙf wf/+ cg'ƍj]Ş]Ɯ. PjlŤ tƧ, ƓŔkş, dxtá tńfsƧ
kl/xflgo]j kflsřf, gá j'lź¶ Pjd]j+, ƓŔkş, Pj+ ;d'ƍƉfg+ eáufg+ rųfl/ ckfod'vflg xálƃ - OlŴw'ųá, ;'/fw'ųá, cŋw'ųá,
kfkldųá kfk;xfoá kfk;ƕjŘá.
æPj+ ;d'ƍƉfg+, ƓŔkş, eáufg+ rųfl/ cfod'vflg xálƃ - g OlŴw'ųá, g ;'/fw'ųá, g cŋw'ųá sƠf)ldųá sƠf);xfoá
sƠf);ƕjŘá. ;]Ɯyflk, ƓŔkş, dxtá tńfsƧ rųfl/ r]j cfod'vflg, rųfl/ r ckfod'vflg. tƧ k'l/;á oflg r]j cfod'vflg
tflg ljj/]Ɯ, oflg r ckfod'vflg tflg lkbx]Ɯ¶ b]já r ;ƙf wf/+ cg'ƍj]Ş]Ɯ. PjlŤ tƧ, ƓŔkş, dxtá tńfsƧ j'lźo]j
kflsřf, gá kl/xflg¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, ƓŔkş, Pj+ ;d'ƍƉfg+ eáufg+ rųfl/ cfod'vflg xálƃ - g OlŴw'ųá g ;'/fw'ųá, g cŋw'ųá,
sƠf)ldųá sƠf);xfoá sƠf);ƕjŘá. Od] ±vëf, ƓŔkş, rųf/á wƙf s'þnk'ųƧ lbŪwƙlxtfo ;+jųlƃ lbŪwƙ;'vfo.
ærųf/ád], ƓŔkş, wƙf s'þnk'ųƧ ;ƕ/folxtfo ;+jųlƃ ;ƕ/fo;'vfo. std] rųf/áĠ ;źf;ƕbf, ;Ln;ƕbf
rfu;ƕbf, kţf;ƕbf. stdf r, ƓŔkş, ;źf;ƕbfĠ Ow, ƓŔkş, s'þnk'ųá ;źá xált, ;Źxlt tyfutƧ aáƸw - ‘Oltlk ;á
eujf»k]0 ;Ŵf b]jdg'Ƨfg+ a'źá eujf’lt. co+ j'ŝlt, ƓŔkş, ;źf;ƕbf.
æstdf r, ƓŔkş, ;Ln;ƕbfĠ Ow, ƓŔkş, s'þnk'ųá kf)fltkftf kllj/tá xált»k]0 ;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfgf
kllj/tá xált. co+ j'ŝlt, ƓŔkş, ;Ln;ƕbf.
æstdf r, ƓŔkş, rfu;ƕbfĠ Ow, ƓŔkş, s'þnk'ųá ljutdndŞ]/]g r]t;f cuf/+ cŢfj;lt d'ųrf±uëf kotkfl)
jáƧƮ/tá ofroá±uëf bfg;+ljefu/tá. co+ j'ŝlt, ƓŔkş, rfu;ƕbf.
æstdf r, ƓŔkş, kţf;ƕbfĠ Ow ƓŔkş, s'þnk'ųá kţjf xált, pboŴufldlgof kţfo ;dƉfutá cl/ofo lgƑ]lwsŽo
;ƙf b'ŋŋoufldlgof. co+ j'ŝlt, ƓŔkş, kţf;ƕbf. Od] ±vëf, ƓŔkş, rųf/á wƙf s'þnk'ųƧ ;ƕ/folxtfo ;+jųlƃ
;ƕ/fo;'vfofÆlt.
æpŪftf sƙ±wëƜ];', cƍdųá ljwfgjf.
;d+ sƍ]lt hLljs+þ û , ;Ƙt+ cg'/ŋltĶ
æ;źá ;Ln]g ;ƕƉá, jbţ" jLtdŞ/á.
lgŝ+ dƮ+ lj;á±wëlt, ;áŴfg+ ;ƕ/flos+þĶ
æOŝ]t] cŪ wƙf r, ;źƧ #/d]l;gá.
cŋftf ;ŝgfd]g, peoŴ ;'vfjxfĶ
ælbŪwƙlxtŴfo, ;ƕ/fo;'vfo r.
Pjd]t+ uxŪfg+, rf±uëf k'ţ+ kjŬtLÆltĶ rt'Ŵ+.

5= pşo;'ų+
55= cy ±vëf pşoá Ɣfƪ±)ëf o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf eujtf ;Ƹź ;ƙálb. ;ƙábgLo+ sy+ ;f/)Lo+ jLlt;f/]ŷf
Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf pşoá Ɣfƪ±)ëf eujƃ+ Ptbjár - ædo+, eá ±uëftd, kjf;+ uƃ'sŽdf. t];+ gá ej+ ±uëftdá
cƛfs+þ tyf wƙ+ b];]t' - o] cƛfs+þ cƧ' wƙf lbŪwƙlxtfo, lbŪwƙ;'vfo, ;ƕ/folxtfo, ;ƕ/fo;'vfofÆlt.
ærųf/ád], Ɣfƪ), wƙf s'þnk'ųƧ lbŪwƙlxtfo ;+jųlƃ, lbŪwƙ;'vfo. std] rųf/áĠ pŪfg;ƕbf cf/ŋ;ƕbf,
sƠf)ldųtf, ;dhLljtf. stdf r, Ɣfƪ), pŪfg;ƕbfĠ Ow, Ɣfƪ), s'þnk'ųá o]g sƙŪfg]g hLljs+þ sƍ]lt - olb sl;of, olb
jl)şŽo, olb ±uëf/ŋ]g, olb OƧų]g, olb /fhkál/;]g, olb l;ƍţt/]g - tŴ bŋá xált cgn;á, tŶ'kfofo jLd+;fo ;dƉfutá,
cn+ sŽt'+ cn+ ;+ljwft'+. co+ j'ŝlt, Ɣfƪ), pŪfg;ƕbf.
æstdf r, Ɣfƪ), cf/ŋ;ƕbfĠ Ow, Ɣfƪ), s'þnk'ųƧ eáuf xálƃ pŪfgjLl/oflwutf, afxfankl/lrtf, ;]bfjlŋųf,
wlƙsŽ wƙnźf. t] cf/ŋ]g u'lųof ;ƕfb]lt - ‘lslƃ d] Od] eá±uë g]j /fhŽgá x/]Ɯ'+, g rá/f x/]Ɯ'+, g clƮ *x]Ɯ, g pbs+þ jx]Ɯ,
g clƍof bfofbf x/]Ɯ'’lƃ. co+ j'ŝlt, Ɣfƪ), cf/ŋ;ƕbf.
æstdf r, Ɣfƪ), sƠf)ldųtfĠ Ow, Ɣfƪ), s'þnk'ųá oƸƨ ufd] jf lgud] jf klj;lt tŶ o] t] xálƃ - uxktL jf
uxkltk'ųf jf bx/f jf j'ź;Llngá, j'źf jf j'ź;Llngá, ;źf;ƕƉf, ;Ln;ƕƉf, rfu;ƕƉf, kţf;ƕƉf - t]lx ;Ƹź ;lƃŪlt
;Ɵklt ;fsŞ+ ;dfkşlt¶ oyf¿kfg+ ;źf;ƕƉfg+ ;źf;ƕb+ cg'l;ŋlt, oyf¿kfg+ ;Ln;ƕƉfg+ ;Ln;ƕb+ cg'l;ŋlt, oyf¿kfg+
rfu;ƕƉfg+ rfu;ƕb+ cg'l;ŋlt, oyf¿kfg+ kţf;ƕƉfg+ kţf;ƕb+ cg'l;ŋlt. co+ j'ŝlt, Ɣfƪ), sƠf)ldųtf.
æstdf r, Ɣfƪ), ;dhLljtfĠ Ow, Ɣfƪ), s'þnk'ųá cfoť eáufg+ ljlbŷf joť eáufg+ ljlbŷf ;d+ hLljs+þ sƍ]lt
gfŝáufŃÜ+ gfltxLg+ - ‘Pj+ d] cfoá jo+ kl/ofbfo &Ƨlt, g r d] joá cfo+ kl/ofbfo &ƧtL’lt. ;]Ɯyflk, Ɣfƪ), t'nfwf/á jf
t'nfwf/ƃ]jf;L jf t'n+ kƮx]ŷf hŽgflt - ‘Pųs]þg jf cágt+, Pųs]þg jf pƉt’lƃ¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, Ɣfƪ), s'þnk'ųá cfoť eáufg+ ljlbŷf
joť eáufg+ ljlbŷf ;d+ hLljs+þ sƍ]lt gfŝáufŃÜ+ gfltxLg+ - ‘Pj+ d] cfoá jo+ kl/ofbfo &Ƨlt, g r d] joá cfo+ kl/ofbfo
&ƧtL’lt. ;rfo+, Ɣfƪ), s'þnk'ųá cƍfoá ;dfgá pńf/+ hLljs+þ sƍ]lt, tƧ ejlƃ jųf/á - ‘pb'Ɨ/vfbLjfo+ s'þnk'ųá eá±uë

37
vfbtL’lt. ;r] kgfo+, Ɣfƪ), s'þnk'ųá dxfoá ;dfgá sl;/+ hLljs+þ sƍ]lt, tƧ ejlƃ jųf/á - ‘ch]Ūd/)+jfo+ s'þnk'ųá
dl/ƧtL’lt. otá r ±vëfo+, Ɣfƪ), s'þnk'ųá cfoť eáufg+ ljlbŷf joť eáufg+ ljlbŷf ;d+ hLljs+þ sƍ]lt gfŝáufŃÜ+ gfltxLg+ -
‘Pj+ d] cfoá jo+ kl/ofbfo &Ƨlt, g r d] joá cfo+ kl/ofbfo &ƧtL’lt, co+ j'ŝlt, Ɣfƪ), ;dhLljtf.
æPj+ ;d'ƍƉfg+, Ɣfƪ), eáufg+ rųfl/ ckfod'vflg xálƃ - OlŴw'ųá, ;'/fw'ųá, cŋw'ųá, kfkldųá kfk;xfoá
kfk;ƕjŘá. ;]Ɯyflk, Ɣfƪ), dxtá tńfsƧ rųfl/ r]j cfod'vflg, rųfl/ r ckfod'vflg. tƧ k'l/;á oflg r]j cfod'vflg
tflg lkbx]Ɯ, oflg r ckfod'vflg tflg ljj/]Ɯ¶ b]já r g ;ƙf wf/+ cg'ƍj]Ş]Ɯ. PjlŤ tƧ Ɣfƪ) dxtá tńfsƧ kl/xflgo]j
kflsřf, gá j'lź Pjd]j+ ±vëf, Ɣfƪ), Pj+ ;d'ƍƉfg+ eáufg+ rųfl/ ckfod'vflg xálƃ - OlŴw'ųá, ;'/fw'ųá, cŋw'ųá, kfkldųá
kfk;xfoá kfk;ƕjŘá.
æPj+ ;d'ƍƉfg+, Ɣfƪ), eáufg+ rųfl/ cfod'vflg xálƃ - g OlŴw'ųá, g ;'/fw'ųá, g cŋw'ųá, sƠf)ldųá sƠf);xfoá
sƠf);ƕjŘá. ;]Ɯyflk, Ɣfƪ), dxtá tńfsƧ rųfl/ r]j cfod'vflg rųfl/ r ckfod'vflg. tƧ k'l/;á oflg r]j cfod'vflg
tflg ljj/]Ɯ, oflg r ckfod'vflg tflg lkbx]Ɯ¶ b]já r ;ƙf wf/+ cg'ƍj]Ş]Ɯ. PjlŤ tƧ, Ɣfƪ), dxtá tńfsƧ j'lźo]j
kflsřf, gá kl/xflg¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, Ɣfƪ), Pj+ ;d'ƍƉfg+ eáufg+ rųfl/ cfod'vflg xálƃ - g OlŴw'ųá»k]0 sƠf);ƕjŘá. Od]
±vëf, Ɣfƪ), rųf/á wƙf s'þnk'ųƧ lbŪwƙlxtfo ;+jųlƃ lbŪwƙ;'vfo.
ærųf/ád], Ɣfƪ), s'þnk'ųƧ wƙf ;ƕ/folxtfo ;+jųlƃ ;ƕ/fo;'vfo. std] rųf/áĠ ;źf;ƕbf, ;Ln;ƕbf,
rfu;ƕbf, kţf;ƕbf. stdf r, Ɣfƪ), ;źf;ƕbfĠ Ow, Ɣfƪ), s'þnk'ųá ;źá xált, ;Źxlt tyfutƧ aáƸw - ‘Oltlk ;á
eujf»k]0 ;Ŵf b]jdg'Ƨfg+ a'źá eujf’lt. co+ j'ŝlt, Ɣfƪ), ;źf;ƕbf.
æstdf r, Ɣfƪ), ;Ln;ƕbfĠ Ow, Ɣfƪ), s'þnk'ųá kf)fltkftf kllj/tá xált»k]0 ;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfgf
kllj/tá xált. co+ j'ŝlt, Ɣfƪ), ;Ln;ƕbf.
æstdf r, Ɣfƪ), rfu;ƕbfĠ Ow Ɣfƪ), s'þnk'ųá ljutdndŞ]/]g r]t;f cuf/+ cŢfj;lt d'ųrf±uëf kotkfl)
jáƧƮ/tá ofroá±uëf bfg;+ljefu/tá. co+ j'ŝlt, Ɣfƪ), rfu;ƕbf.
æstdf r, Ɣfƪ), kţf;ƕbfĠ Ow, Ɣfƪ), s'þnk'ųá kţjf xált»k]0 ;ƙf b'ŋŋoufldlgof. co+ j'ŝlt, Ɣfƪ),
kţf;ƕbf. Od] ±vëf, Ɣfƪ), rųf/á wƙf s'þnk'ųƧ ;ƕ/folxtfo ;+jųlƃ ;ƕ/fo;'vfofÆlt.
æpŪftf sƙ±wëƜ];', cƍdųá ljwfgjf.
;d+ sƍ]lt hLljs+þ, ;Ƙt+ cg'/ŋltĶ
æ;źá ;Ln]g ;ƕƉá, jbţ" jLtdŞ/á.
lgŝ+ dƮ+ lj;á±wëlt, ;áŴfg+ ;ƕ/flos+þĶ
æOŝ]t] cŪ wƙf r, ;źƧ #/d]l;gá.
cŋftf ;ŝgfd]g, peoŴ ;'vfjxfĶ
ælbŪwƙlxtŴfo, ;ƕ/fo;'vfo r.
Pjd]t+ uxŪfg+, rf±uëf k'ţ+ kjŬtLÆltĶ kťd+.

6= eo;'ų+
56= æ‘eo’lƃ û , leŋj], sŽdfgd]t+ clwjrg+. ‘b'ŋ’lƃ, leŋj], sŽdfgd]t+ clwjrg+. ‘/á±uëf’lt, leŋj], sŽdfgd]t+
clwjrg+. ‘uůá’lt, leŋj], sŽdfgd]t+ clwjrg+. ‘;Ɵ’lƃ, leŋj], sŽdfgd]t+ clwjrg+. ‘;śá’lt, leŋj], sŽdfgd]t+
clwjrg+. ‘kŘá’lt, leŋj], sŽdfgd]t+ clwjrg+ ‘uưá’lt, leŋj], sŽdfgd]t+ clwjrg+. sƨf r, leŋj], ‘eo’lƃ sŽdfgd]t+
clwjrg+Ġ oƨf r sŽd/fu/ųfo+, leŋj], %Ɔ/fuljlgaźá lbŪwlƙsŽlk eof g kl/d'ŝlt, ;ƕ/flosŽlk eof g kl/d'ŝlt, tƨf
‘eo’lƃ sŽdfgd]t+ clwjrg+. sƨf r, leŋj], ‘b'ŋ’lƃ»k]0 ‘/á±uëf’lt» ‘uůá’lt» ‘;Ɵ’lƃ» ‘;śá’lt» ‘kŘá’lt»
‘uưá’lt sŽdfgd]t+ clwjrg+Ġ oƨf r sŽd/fu/ųfo+, leŋj], %Ɔ/fuljlgaźá lbŪwlƙsŽlk uưf g kl/d'ŝlt, ;ƕ/flosŽlk uưf g
kl/d'ŝlt, tƨf ‘uưá’lt sŽdfgd]t+ clwjrg+Æ.
æeo+ b'ŋť /á±uëf r, uůá ;Ɵť ;śá r.
kŘá uưá r peo+, Pt] sŽdf kj'ŝlƃ.
oŴ ;ųá k'y'şgáĶ
æcáltŰá ;ft¿k]g, k'g uưfo uŞlt.
otá r leŋ' cftfkL, ;ƕhţ+ û g l/ŝltĶ
æ;á Od+ klnky+ b'Ʈ+, cltŊƙ tyflj±wëf.
kh+ hŽlth¿k]t+, mþƆdfg+ cj]ŋtLÆltĶ %Ū+.

7= k&dcfx'g]Ɯ;'ų+
57= æcŪlx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cfx'g]Ɯá xált kfx'g]Ɯá blŋ±)ëƜá cŧlns/)Loá cg'ų/+ k'ţŋ]ų+ násƧ.

38
std]lx cŪlxĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' ;Lnjf xált »k]0 ;dfbfo l;ŋlt l;ŋfkb];'¶ ax'Ƨ'tá xált»k]0 lblŪof ;'ƍlljźf¶ sƠf)ldųá
xált sƠf);xfoá sƠf);ƕjŘá ;ƙflblŪsŽ] xált, ;ƙfbƧg]g ;dƉfutᶠrt'Ɖ+ ´fgfg+ cfler]tl;sŽg+ lbŪwƙ;'vljxf/fg+ lgsŽdnfeL
xált clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL¶ cg]sljlxt+ k'Ƒ]lgjf;+ cg'Ƨ/lt, ;]Ɯlyb+ - Pslƕ hŽƸt ƀ]lk hŽltoá»k]0 Olt ;fsŽ/+ ;pŹ];+
cg]sljlxt+ k'Ƒ]lgjf;+ cg'Ƨ/lt¶ lbƑ]g rŋ'gf lj;'ź]g cltŊƃdfg';s]þg»k]0 oyfsƙ"k±uë ;ų] khŽgflt¶ cf;jfg+ vof»k]0 ;lŞsŷf
pk;ƕş ljx/lt. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cfx'g]Ɯá xált»k]0 cg'ų/+ k'ţŋ]ų+ násƧfÆlt. ;ųd+.

8= b'ltocfx'g]Ɯ;'ų+
58= æcŪlx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cfx'g]Ɯá xált»k]0 cg'ų/+ k'ţŋ]ų+ násƧ. std]lx cŪlxĠ Ow, leŋj],
leŋ' ;Lnjf xált »k]0 ;dfbfo l;ŋlt l;ŋfkb];'¶ ax'Ƨ'tá xált»k]0 lblŪof ;'ƍlljźf¶ cf/źjLl/oá ljx/lt yfdjf bŃÜk/Ŋdá
clglŋųw'/á s'þ;n];' wƙ];'¶ cf/lţsŽ] xált kƃ;]gf;gᶠc/lt/lt;xá xált, pƍƉ+ c/Ƹt clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljx/lt¶ eoe]/j;xá
xált, pƍƉ+ eoe]/j+ clee'Ɯ clee'Ɯ ljx/lt rt'Ɖ+ ´fgfg+ cfler]tl;sŽg+ lbŪwƙ;'vljxf/fg+ lgsŽdnfeL xált clsŞnfeL
csl;/nfeL¶ cf;jfg+ vof»k]0 ;lŞsŷf pk;ƕş ljx/lt. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cfx'g]Ɯá»k]0
cg'ų/+ k'ţŋ]ų+ násƧfÆlt. cŪd+.

9= k&dk'Ʈn;'ų+
59= æclŪd] leŋj], k'Ʈnf cfx'g]Ɯf kfx'g]Ɯf blŋ±)ëƜf cŧlns/)Lof cg'ų/+ k'ţŋ]ų+ násƧĠ std] cŪĠ ;átfkƉá,
;átfklųmþn;lŞlsl/ofo klkƉá, ;sbfufdL, ;sbfufldmþn;lŞlsl/ofo klkƉá, cgfufdL, cgfufldmþn;lŞlsl/ofo klkƉá,
c/xf, c/xųfo klkƉá. Od] ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ k'Ʈnf cfx'g]Ɯf»k]0 cg'ų/+ k'ţŋ]ų+ násƧfÆlt.
ærųf/á r klkƉf, rųf/á r mþn] l&tf.
P; ;Ŝá ph'e"tá, kţf;Ln;dflxtáĶ
æohdfgfg+ dg'Ƨfg+, k'ţk]ŋfg kfl)g+.
s/át+ cáklws+þ k'ţ+, ;Ŝ] lbƉ+ dxƎnÆlƃĶ gjd+.

10= b'ltok'Ʈn;'ų+
60= æclŪd], leŋj], k'Ʈnf cfx'g]Ɯf»k]0 cg'ų/+ k'ţŋ]ų+ násƧ. std] cŪĠ ;átfkƉá ;átfklųmþn;lŞlsl/ofo
klkƉá»k]0 c/xf, c/xųfo klkƉá. Od] ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ k'Ʈnf cfx'g]Ɯf»k]0 cg'ų/+ k'ţŋ]ų+ násƧfÆlt.
ærųf/á r klkƉf, rųf/á r mþn] l&tf.
P; ;Ŝá ;d'ŊŪá, ;ųfg+ cŪ k'ƮnfĶ
æohdfgfg+ dg'Ƨfg+, k'ţk]ŋfg kfl)g+.
s/át+ cáklws+þ k'ţ+, PŴ lbƉ+ dxƎnÆlƃĶ b;d+.

±uëftdLj±Ʈëf k&dá.

tƧ'Źfg+ -
±uëftdL cájfb+ ;+lvų+, bL#hŽ)' r pşoá.
eof ƀ] cfx'g]Ɯf r, ƀ] r cŪ k'ƮnfltĶ

‘7’ 2= e"ldrfnj±Ʈëf

1= OŞf;'ų+
61= û æclŪd] leŋj], k'Ʈnf ;ƃá ;+ljşdfgf násƸƨ. std] cŪĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá
lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf pƍşlt nfefo. ;á pŪxlt #lt jfodlt nfefo. tƧ pŪxtá #tá jfodtá nfefo nfeá g'ƍşlt. ;á
t]g cnfe]g ;árlt lsndlt kl/b]jlt, p/ųfƸń sƆlt, ;ƙáx+ cfkşlt. co+ j'ŝlt, leŋj] - ‘leŋ' OŞá ljx/lt nfefo pŪxlt
#lt jfodlt nfefo, g r nfeL, ;árL r kl/b]jL r, r'tá r ;źƙf’Æ.
æOw kg, leŋj], leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf pƍşlt nfefo. ;á pŪxlt #lt jfodlt nfefo.
tƧ pŪxtá #tá jfodtá nfefo nfeá pƍşlt. ;á t]g nfe]g dşlt kdşlt kdfbdfkşlt. co+ j'ŝlt, leŋj] - ‘leŋ' OŞá

39
ljx/lt nfefo, pŪxlt #lt jfodlt nfefo, nfeL r dbL r kdfbL r, r'tá r ;źƙf’Æ.
æOw kg, leŋj], leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf pƍşlt nfefo. ;á g pŪxlt g #lt g jfodlt
nfefo. tƧ cg'Ūxtá c#tá cjfodtá nfefo nfeá g'ƍşlt. ;á t]g cnfe]g ;árlt, lsndlt, kl/b]jlt, p/ųfƸń sƆlt,
;ƙáx+ cfkşlt. co+ j'ŝlt, leŋj] - ‘leŋ' OŞá ljx/lt nfefo, g pŪxlt g #lt g jfodlt nfefo, g r nfeL, ;árL r
kl/b]jL r, r'tá r ;źƙf’Æ.
æOw kg, leŋj], leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf pƍşlt nfefo. ;á g pŪxlt, g #lt, g jfodlt
nfefo. tƧ cg'Ūxtá, c#tá, cjfodtá nfefo nfeá pƍşlt. ;á t]g nfe]g dşlt, kdşlt, kdfbdfkşlt. co+ j'ŝlt,
leŋj] - ‘leŋ' OŞá ljx/lt nfefo, g pŪxlt g #lt g jfodlt nfefo, nfeL r dbL r, kdfbL r, r'tá r ;źƙf’Æ.
æOw kg, leŋj], leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf pƍşlt nfefo. ;á pŪxlt #lt jfodlt nfefo.
tƧ pŪxtá #tá jfodtá nfefo nfeá g'ƍşlt. ;á t]g cnfe]g g ;árlt g lsndlt g kl/b]jlt, g p/ųfƸń sƆlt, g ;ƙáx+
cfkşlt. co+ j'ŝlt, leŋj] - ‘leŋ' OŞá ljx/lt nfefo, pŪxlt #lt jfodlt nfefo, g r nfeL, g r ;árL g r kl/b]jL,
cŝ'tá r ;źƙf’Æ.
æOw kg, leŋj], leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf pƍşlt nfefo. ;á pŪxlt #lt jfodlt nfefo.
tƧ pŪxtá #tá jfodtá nfefo nfeá pƍşlt. ;á t]g nfe]g g dşlt, g kdşlt, g kdfbdfkşlt. co+ j'ŝlt, leŋj] -
‘leŋ' OŞá ljx/lt nfefo, pŪxlt #lt jfodlt nfefo, nfeL r, g r dbL g r kdfbL, cŝ'tá r ;źƙf’Æ.
æOw kg, leŋj], leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf pƍşlt nfefo. ;á g pŪxlt, g #lt, g jfodlt
nfefo. tƧ cg'Ūxtá, c#tá, cjfodtá nfefo nfeá g'ƍşlt. ;á t]g cnfe]g g ;árlt, g lsndlt, g kl/b]jlt, g
p/ųfƸń sƆlt, g ;ƙáx+ cfkşlt. co+ j'ŝlt, leŋj] - ‘leŋ' OŞá ljx/lt nfefo, g pŪxlt, g #lt, g jfodlt nfefo g
r nfeL, g r ;árL g r kl/b]jL, cŝ'tá r ;źƙf’Æ.
æOw kg, leŋj], leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf pƍşlt nfefo. ;á g pŪxlt, g #lt, g jfodlt
nfefo. tƧ cg'Ūxtá c#tá cjfodtá nfefo nfeá pƍşlt. ;á t]g nfe]g g dşlt, g kdşlt, g kdfbdfkşlt. co+
j'ŝlt, leŋj] - ‘leŋ' OŞá ljx/lt nfefo, g pŪxlt, g #lt, g jfodlt nfefo, nfeL r, g r dbL g r kdfbL, cŝ'tá r
;źƙf . Od] ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ k'Ʈnf ;ƃá ;+ljşdfgf náslƨÆlƃ. k&d+.

2= cn+;'ų+
62= æ%lx leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá cn+ k/];+. std]lx %lxĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' lvƍlg;lƃ r xált
s'þ;n];' wƙ];'¶ ;'tfgť wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] û xált¶ wftfgť û wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf û xált¶ cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá r
xált¶ sƠf)jfrá r xált sƠf)jfŊ/±)ëf, kál/of jfrfo ;dƉfutá ljƧŪfo cg]nuńfo cŴƧ ljţfklgof¶ ;ƆƧsŽ] r xált ;dfbksŽ]
û ;d'ų]hsŽ] ;ƕx+;sŽ] ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], %lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá cn+ k/];+.
ækťlx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá cn+ k/];+. std]lx kťlxĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' g x]j ±vëf lvƍlg;lƃ
r xált s'þ;n];' wƙ];'¶ ;'tfgť wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált¶ wftfgť wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált¶ cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá r
xált¶ sƠf)jfrá r xált»k]0 cŴƧ ljţfklgof¶ ;ƆƧsŽ] r xált ;dfbksŽ] ;d'ų]hsŽ] ;ƕx+;sŽ] ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj],
kťlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá cn+ k/];+.
ært"lx leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá gfn+ k/];+. std]lx rt"lxĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' lvƍlg;lƃ r xált
s'þ;n];' wƙ];'¶ ;'tfgť wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált wftfgť wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált¶ cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá r xált¶
gá r sƠf)jfrá xált sƠf)jfŊ/±)ëf, kál/of jfrfo ;dƉfutá ljƧŪfo cg]nuńfo cŴƧ ljţfklgof¶ gá r ;ƆƧsŽ] xált ;dfbksŽ]
;d'ų]hsŽ] ;ƕx+;sŽ] ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], rt"lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá gfn+ k/];+.
ært"lx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ k/];+ gfn+ cųgá. std]lx rt"lxĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' lvƍlg;lƃ r xált
s'þ;n];' wƙ];'¶ ;'tfgť wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált¶ gá r wftfg+ wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált¶ g r cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá
xált¶ sƠf)jfrá r xált sƠf)jfŊ/±)ëf»k]0 cŴƧ ljţfklgof¶ ;ƆƧsŽ] r xált»k]0 ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], rt"lx
wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ k/];+, gfn+ cųgá.
ætLlx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá gfn+ k/];+. std]lx tLlxĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' g x]j ±vëf lvƍlg;lƃ r
xált s'þ;n];' wƙ];'¶ ;'tfgť wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált¶ wftfgť wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált¶ cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá r
xált¶ gá r sƠf)jfrá xált sƠf)jfŊ/±)ëf, kál/of jfrfo ;dƉfutá ljƧŪfo cg]nuńfo cŴƧ ljţfklgof¶ gá r ;ƆƧsŽ] xált
;dfbksŽ] ;d'ų]hsŽ] ;ƕx+;sŽ] ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], tLlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá, gfn+ k/];+.
ætLlx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ k/];+, gfn+ cųgá. std]lx tLlxĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' g x]j ±vëf lvƍlg;lƃ
r xált s'þ;n];' wƙ];'¶ ;'tfgť wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált¶ gá r wftfg+ wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált¶ gá r cŴdţfo wƙdţfo
wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá xált¶ sƠf)jfrá r xált»k]0 cŴƧ ljţfklgof¶ ;ƆƧsŽ] r xált ;dfbksŽ] ;d'ų]hsŽ] ;ƕx+;sŽ] ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+.
Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], tLlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ k/];+, gfn+ cųgá.
æƀLlx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá, gfn+ k/];+. std]lx ƀLlxĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' g x]j ±vëf lvƍlg;lƃ
r xált s'þ;n];' wƙ];'¶ gá r ;'tfg+ wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált¶ wftfgť wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált¶ cŴdţfo wƙdţfo
wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá r xált¶ gá r sƠf)jfrá xált»k]0 cŴƧ ljţfklgof¶ gá r ;ƆƧsŽ] xált»k]0 ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+ Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj],
ƀLlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá, gfn+ k/];+.

40
æƀLlx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ k/];+, gfn+ cųgá. std]lx ƀLlxĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ' g x]j ±vëf lvƍlg;lƃ
r xált s'þ;n];' wƙ];'¶ gá r ;'tfg+ wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált¶ gá r wftfg+ wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált¶ gá r cŴdţfo wƙdţfo
wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá xált¶ sƠf)jfrá r xált sƠf)jfŊ/±)ëf, kál/of jfrfo ;dƉfutá ljƧŪfo cg]nuńfo cŴƧ ljţfklgof¶ ;ƆƧsŽ]
r xált ;dfbksŽ] ;d'ų]hsŽ] ;ƕx+;sŽ] ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj] ƀLlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ k/];+, gfn+ cųgáÆlt.
b'lto+.

3= ;+lvų;'ų+
63= cy ±vëf cţt/á leŋ' o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld»k]0 Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf ;á leŋ' eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æ;fw' d], eƃ],
eujf ;+lvų]g wƙ+ b];]t', odx+ eujtá wƙ+ ;'ŷf PsŽ] j"ksŪá cƍdųá cftfkL klxtųá ljx/]ƜÆlƃ. æPjd]j+ klg±wësŝ] dá#k'l/;f
ddţ]j cŢ];lƃ. wƙ] r efl;t] ddţ]j cg'alƈtƑ+ dţƃLÆlt. æb];]t' d], eƃ], eujf ;+lvų]g wƙ+, b];]t' ;'utá ;+lvų]g wƙ+.
cƍ]j gfdfx+ eujtá efl;tƧ cŴ+ cfhŽg]Ɯ+, cƍ]j gfdfx+ eujtá efl;tƧ bfofbá cƧÆlƃ. ætƨfltx t], leŋ' Pj+ l;lŋtƑ+ -
‘cŢų+ d] lrų+ l&t+ eljƧlt ;';lŮt+, g r pƍƉf kfksŽ cs'þ;nf wƙf lrų+ kl/ofbfo &ƧƃL’lt. PjlŤ t], leŋ', l;lŋtƑ+Æ.
æotá ±vëf t], leŋ', cŢų+ lrų+ l&t+ xált ;';lŮt+, g r pƍƉf kfksŽ cs'þ;nf wƙf lrų+ kl/ofbfo ltŪlƃ, ttá t],
leŋ', Pj+ l;lŋtƑ+ - ‘d]ųf d] r]táljd'lų efljtf eljƧlt ax'nLstf ofgLstf jŴ'stf cg'lŪtf kl/lrtf ;';df/źf’lt. PjlŤ t],
leŋ', l;lŋtƑ+.
æotá ±vëf t], leŋ', co+ ;dflw Pj+ efljtá xált ax'nLstá, ttá ŷ+, leŋ', Od+ ;dfƸw ;ljtŊlƕ ;ljrf/+ û efj]Ɯfl;,
cljtŊlƕ ljrf/dų+ û efj]Ɯfl;, cljtŊlƕ cljrf/+ û efj]Ɯfl;, ;ƍLltslƕ efj]Ɯfl;, lgƍLltslƕ efj]Ɯfl;, ;ft;xutlƕ
efj]Ɯfl;, pk]ŋf;xutlƕ efj]Ɯfl;.
æotá ±vëf, t] leŋ', co+ ;dflw Pj+ efljtá xált ;'efljtá, ttá t], leŋ', Pj+ l;lŋtƑ+ - ‘s?)f d] r]táljd'lų»
d'lbtf d] r]táljd'lų» pk]ŋf d] r]táljd'lų efljtf eljƧlt ax'nLstf ofgLstf jŴ'stf cg'lŪtf kl/lrtf ;';df/źf’lt. PjlŤ
t], leŋ', l;lŋtƑ+.
æotá ±vëf t], leŋ', co+ ;dflw Pj+ efljtá xált ;'efljtá, ttá ŷ+, leŋ', Od+ ;dfƸw ;ljtŊ;ljrf/lƕ efj]Ɯfl;,
cljtŊljrf/dųlƕ efj]Ɯfl;, cljtŊcljrf/lƕ efj]Ɯfl;, ;ƍLltslƕ efj]Ɯfl;, lgƍLltslƕ efj]Ɯfl;, ;ft;xutlƕ efj]Ɯfl;,
pk]ŋf;xutlƕ efj]Ɯfl;.
æotá ±vëf t], leŋ', co+ ;dflw Pj+ efljtá xált ;'efljtá, ttá t], leŋ', Pj+ l;lŋtƑ+ - ‘sŽo] sŽofg'kƧL ljxl/Ƨfld
cftfkL ;ƕhŽgá ;ltdf, ljg]Ɯ nás]þ cleŢfbádgƧ’lƃ. PjlŤ t], leŋ', l;lŋtƑ+.
æotá ±vëf t], leŋ', co+ ;dflw Pj+ efljtá xált ax'nLstá, ttá ŷ+, leŋ', Od+ ;dfƸw ;ljtŊ;ljrf/lƕ efj]Ɯfl;,
cljtŊljrf/dųlƕ efj]Ɯfl;, cljtŊcljrf/lƕ efj]Ɯfl;, ;ƍLltslƕ efj]Ɯfl;, lgƍLltslƕ efj]Ɯfl;, ;ft;xutlƕ efj]Ɯfl;
pk]ŋf;xutlƕ efj]Ɯfl;.
æotá ±vëf t], leŋ', co+ ;dflw Pj+ efljtá xált ;'efljtá, ttá t], leŋ' Pj+ l;lŋtƑ+ - ‘j]bgf;' j]bgfg'kƧL
ljxl/Ƨfld cftfkL ;ƕhŽgá ;ltdf, ljg]Ɯ nás]þ cleŢfbádgƧ’lƃ¶ lrų] lrųfg'kƧL ljxl/Ƨfld cftfkL ;ƕhŽgá ;ltdf, ljg]Ɯ nás]þ
cleŢfbádgƧ’lƃ¶ wƙ];' wƙfg'kƧL ljxl/Ƨfld cftfkL ;ƕhŽgá ;ltdf, ljg]Ɯ nás]þ cleŢfbádgƧ’lƃ. PjlŤ t], leŋ', l;lŋtƑ+.
æotá ±vëf t], leŋ', co+ ;dflw Pj+ efljtá xált ax'nLstá, ttá ŷ+, leŋ', Od+ ;dfƸw ;ljtŊ;ljrf/lƕ efj]Ɯfl;,
cljtŊljrf/dųlƕ efj]Ɯfl;, cljtŊcljrf/lƕ efj]Ɯfl;, ;ƍLltslƕ efj]Ɯfl;, lgƍLltslƕ efj]Ɯfl;, ;ft;xutlƕ efj]Ɯfl;,
pk]ŋf;xutlƕ efj]Ɯfl;.
æotá ±vëf t], leŋ', co+ ;dflw Pj+ efljtá xált ;'efljtá, ttá ŷ+, leŋ', o]g o]g]j uŔl; mþf;'+o]j uŔl;, oŴ oŴ
&Ƨl; mþf;'+o]j &Ƨl;, oŴ oŴ lg;LlbƧl; mþf;'+o]j lg;LlbƧl;, oŴ oŴ ;]Ɯ+ sƍ]Ƨl; mþf;'+o]j ;]Ɯ+ sƍ]Ƨ;LÆlt.
cy ±vëf ;á leŋ' eujtf Oldgf cájfb]g cájlbtá pŪfof;gf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf kblŋ)+ sŷf kŊŽld. cy ±vëf ;á leŋ'
PsŽ] j"ksŪá cƍdųá cftfkL klxtųá ljx/ƃá glr/Ƨ]j - oƧŴfo s'þnk'ųf ;ƙb]j cuf/ƨf cgufl/o+ kƑhlƃ, tbg'ų/+ -
Ɣƪrl/okl/oá;fg+ lbŪ]j wƙ] ;o+ cleţf ;lŞsŷf pk;ƕş ljxfl;. ævL)f hŽlt, j'l;t+ Ɣƪrl/o+, st+ s/)Lo+, gfk/+
OŴųfofÆlt cưţfl;. cţt/á r kg ;á leŋ' c/xt+ cxá;Llt. tlto+.

4= uof;L;;'ų+
64= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf uofo+ ljx/lt uof;L;]. tŶ ±vëf eujf leŋ" cfdƃ]l;»k]0 æk'Ƒfx+, leŋj], ;Ɨáwf cgle;Ɨ'źá
aálw;ųáj ;dfgá cáef;ţ]j ±vëf ;ŧfgfld, gá r ¿kflg kƧfldÆ.
ætƧ dƞ+, leŋj], Ptbxál; - ‘;r] ±vëf cx+ cáef;ť]j ;ŧfg]Ɯ+ ¿kflg r kƧ]Ɯ+¶ Pj+ d] Ob+ `f)bƧg+ kl/;'źt/+
cƧf’Ælt.
æ;á ±vëf cx+, leŋj], ck/]g ;do]g cƍdųá cftfkL klxtųá ljx/ƃá cáef;ť]j ;ŧfgfld, ¿kflg r kƧfld¶ gá r ±vëf
tflx b]jtflx ;Ƹź ;lƃŪfld ;Ɵkfld ;fsŞ+ ;dfkşŽld.
ætƧ dƞ+, leŋj], Ptbxál; - ‘;r] ±vëf cx+ cáef;ť]j ;ŧfg]Ɯ+, ¿kflg r kƧ]Ɯ+, tflx r b]jtflx ;Ƹź ;lƃŪ]Ɯ+ ;Ɵk]Ɯ+
;fsŞ+ ;dfkş]Ɯ+¶ Pj+ d] Ob+ `f)bƧg+ kl/;'źt/+ cƧf’Ælt.
æ;á ±vëf cx+, leŋj], ck/]g ;do]g cƍdųá cftfkL klxtųá ljx/ƃá cáef;ť]j ;ŧfgfld, ¿kflg r kƧfld, tflx r

41
b]jtflx ;Ƹź ;lƃŪfld ;Ɵkfld ;fsŞ+ ;dfkşŽld¶ gá r ±vëf tf b]jtf hŽgfld - Odf b]jtf cd'sƛf jf cd'sƛf jf b]jlgsŽoflt.
ætƧ dƞ+, leŋj], Ptbxál; - ‘;r] ±vëf cx+ cáef;ť]j ;ŧfg]Ɯ+, ¿kflg r kƧ]Ɯ+, tflx r b]jtflx ;Ƹź ;lƃŪ]Ɯ+ ;Ɵk]Ɯ+
;fsŞ+ ;dfkş]Ɯ+, tf r b]jtf hŽg]Ɯ+ - Odf b]jtf cd'sƛf jf cd'sƛf jf b]jlgsŽof’lt¶ Pj+ d] Ob+ `f)bƧg+ kl/;'źt/+
cƧf’Ælt.
æ;á ±vëf cx+, leŋj], ck/]g ;do]g cƍdųá cftfkL klxtųá ljx/ƃá cáef;ť]j ;ŧfgfld, ¿kflg r kƧfld, tflx r
b]jtflx ;Ƹź ;lƃŪfld ;Ɵkfld ;fsŞ+ ;dfkşŽld, tf r b]jtf hŽgfld - ‘Odf b]jtf cd'sƛf jf cd'sƛf jf b]jlgsŽof’lt¶ gá r
±vëf tf b]jtf hŽgfld - ‘Odf b]jtf OdƧ sƙƧ ljkfs]þg Otá r'tf tŴ pkkƉf’lt»k]0 tf r b]jtf hŽgfld - ‘Odf b]jtf OdƧ
sƙƧ ljkfs]þg Otá r'tf tŴ pkkƉf’lt¶ gá r ±vëf tf b]jtf hŽgfld - ‘Odf b]jtf OdƧ sƙƧ ljkfs]þg Pjdfxf/f
Pj+;'vb'ŋƍl;+j]lblgoá’lt »k]0 tf r b]jtf hŽgfld - ‘Odf b]jtf OdƧ sƙƧ ljkfs]þg Pjdfxf/f Pj+;'vb'ŋƍl;+j]lblgoá’lt¶
gá r ±vëf tf b]jtf hŽgfld - ‘Odf b]jtf Pj+bL#fo'sŽ Pj+lr/lŪltsŽ’lt»k]0 tf r b]jtf hŽgfld - ‘Odf b]jtf Pj+bL#fo'sŽ
Pj+lr/lŪltsŽ’lt¶ gá r ±vëf tf b]jtf hŽgfld olb jf d] Odflx b]jtflx ;Ƹź ;lƉj'Ŵk'Ƒ+ olb jf g ;lƉj'Ŵk'Ƒlƃ.
ætƧ dƞ+, leŋj], Ptbxál; - ‘;r] ±vëf cx+ cáef;ť]j ;ŧfg]Ɯ+, ¿kflg r kƧ]Ɯ+, tflx r b]jtflx ;Ƹź ;lƃŪ]Ɯ+ ;Ɵk]Ɯ+
;fsŞ+ ;dfkş]Ɯ+ tf r b]jtf hŽg]Ɯ+ - ‘Odf b]jtf cd'sƛf jf cd'sƛf jf b]jlgsŽof’lt, tf r b]jtf hŽg]Ɯ+ - ‘Odf b]jtf OdƧ
sƙƧ ljkfs]þg Otá r'tf tŴ pkkƉf’lt, tf r b]jtf hŽg]Ɯ+ - ‘Odf b]jtf Pjdfxf/f Pj+;'vb'ŋƍl;+j]lblgoá’lt, tf r b]jtf
hŽg]Ɯ+ - ‘Odf b]jtf Pj+bL#fo'sŽ Pj+lr/lŪltsŽ’lt, tf r b]jtf hŽg]Ɯ+ olb jf d] Odflx b]jtflx ;Ƹź ;lƉj'Ŵk'Ƒ+ olb jf g
;lƉj'Ŵk'Ƒlƃ¶ Pj+ d] Ob+ `f)bƧg+ kl/;'źt/+ cƧf’Ælt.
æ;á ±vëf cx+, leŋj], ck/]g ;do]g cƍdųá cftfkL klxtųá ljx/ƃá cáef;ť]j ;ŧfgfld, ¿kflg r kƧfld, tflx r
b]jtflx ;Ƹź ;lƃŪfld ;Ɵkfld ;fsŞ+ ;dfkşŽld, tf r b]jtf hŽgfld - ‘Odf b]jtf cd'sƛf jf cd'sƛf jf b]jlgsŽof’lt, tf r
b]jtf hŽgfld - ‘Odf b]jtf OdƧ sƙƧ ljkfs]þg Otá r'tf tŴ pkkƉf’lt, tf r b]jtf hŽgfld - ‘Odf b]jtf Pjdfxf/f
Pj+;'vb'ŋƍl;+j]lblgoá’lt tf r b]jtf hŽgfld - ‘Odf b]jtf Pj+bL#fo'sŽ Pj+lr/lŪltsŽ’lt, tf r b]jtf hŽgfld olb jf d]
b]jtflx ;Ƹź ;lƉj'Ŵk'Ƒ+ olb jf g ;lƉj'Ŵk'Ƒlƃ.
æofjsLjť d], leŋj], Pj+ cŪkl/jũ+ clwb]j`f)bƧg+ g ;'lj;'ź+ cxál;, g]j tfjfx+, leŋj], ‘;b]js]þ nás]þ ;df/s]þ
;Ɣƪs]þ ;Ƨd)Ɣfƪl)of khŽo ;b]jdg'Ƨfo cg'ų/+ ;ƙf;ƗáƸw cle;Ɨ'źá’lt û kŝţfƸ;. otá r ±vëf d] leŋj], Pj+ cŪkl/jũ+
clwb]j`f)bƧg+ ;'lj;'ź+ cxál;, cyfx+, leŋj], ‘;b]js]þ nás]þ ;df/s]þ ;Ɣƪs]þ ;Ƨd)Ɣfƪl)of khŽo ;b]jdg'Ƨfo cg'ų/+ ;ƙf;ƗáƸw
cle;Ɨ'źá’lt kŝţfƸ;¶ `f)ť kg d] bƧg+ pbkflb¶ cs'þƍf d] r]táljd'lų û ¶ codlƃdf hŽlt glŴ bflg k'gưjáÆlt. rt'Ŵ+.

5= cleefotg;'ų+
65= û æclŪdflg, leŋj], cleefotgflg. stdflg cŪĠ cŢų+ ¿k;ţL PsŽ] alxźf ¿kflg kƧlt kl/ųflg
;'jŰb'ƑŰflg. ‘tflg clee'Ɯ hŽgfld kƧfdL’lt, Pj+;ţL xált. Ob+ k&d+ cleefotg+.
æcŢų+ ¿k;ţL PsŽ] alxźf ¿kflg kƧlt cƍdf)flg ;'jŰb'ƑŰflg. ‘tflg clee'Ɯ hŽgfld kƧfdL’lt, Pj+;ţL xált.
Ob+ b'lto+ cleefotg+.
æcŢų+ c¿k;ţL PsŽ] alxźf ¿kflg kƧlt kl/ųflg ;'jŰb'ƑŰflg. ‘tflg clee'Ɯ hŽgfld kƧfdL’lt, Pj+;ţL xált.
Ob+ tlto+ cleefotg+.
æcŢų+ c¿k;ţL PsŽ] alxźf ¿kflg kƧlt cƍdf)flg ;'jŰb'ƑŰflg. ‘tflg clee'Ɯ hŽgfld kƧfdL’lt, Pj+;ţL xált.
Ob+ rt'Ŵ+ cleefotg+.
æcŢų+ c¿k;ţL PsŽ] alxźf ¿kflg kƧlt gLnflg gLnjŰflg gLnlgbƧgflg gLnlgef;flg. ‘tflg clee'Ɯ hŽgfld
kƧfdL’lt, Pj+;ţL xált. Ob+ kťd+ cleefotg+.
æcŢų+ c¿k;ţL PsŽ] alxźf ¿kflg kƧlt kLtflg kLtjŰflg kLtlgbƧgflg kLtlgef;flg. ‘tflg clee'Ɯ hŽgfld
kƧfdL’lt, Pj+;ţL xált. Ob+ %Ū+ cleefotg+.
æcŢų+ c¿k;ţL PsŽ] alxźf ¿kflg kƧlt nálxtsŽlg nálxtsjŰflg nálxtslgbƧgflg nálxtslgef;flg. ‘tflg
clee'Ɯ hŽgfld kƧfdL’lt, Pj+;ţL xált. Ob+ ;ųd+ cleefotg+.
æcŢų+ c¿k;ţL PsŽ] alxźf ¿kflg kƧlt cábftflg cábftjŰflg cábftlgbƧgflg cábftlgef;flg. ‘tflg clee'Ɯ
hŽgfld kƧfdL’lt, Pj+;ţL xált. Ob+ cŪd+ cleefotg+. Odflg ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ cleefotgfgLÆlt. kťd+.

6= ljdáŋ;'ų+
66= æclŪd], leŋj], ljdáŋf. std] cŪĠ ¿kL ¿kflg kƧlt. co+ k&dá ljdáŋá.
æcŢų+ c¿k;ţL, alxźf û ¿kflg kƧlt. co+ b'ltoá ljdáŋá.
æ;'eƃ]j clwd'ųá xált. co+ tltoá ljdáŋá.
æ;Ƒ;á ¿k;ţfg+ ;dltŊdf kl#;ţfg+ cŴśdf gfgų;ţfg+ cdgl;sŽ/f ‘cgƃá cfsŽ;á’lt cfsŽ;fgťfotg+ pk;ƕş
ljx/lt. co+ rt'Ŵá ljdáŋá.
æ;Ƒ;á cfsŽ;fgťfotg+ ;dltŊƙ ‘cgƃ+ ljţf)’lƃ ljţf)ťfotg+ pk;ƕş ljx/lt. co+ kťdá ljdáŋá.
æ;Ƒ;á ljţf)ťfotg+ ;dltŊƙ ‘glŴ lsťL’lt cflsťţfotg+ pk;ƕş ljx/lt. co+ %Ūá ljdáŋá.

42
æ;Ƒ;á cflsťţfotg+ ;dltŊƙ g]j;ţfgf;ţfotg+ pk;ƕş ljx/lt. co+ ;ųdá ljdáŋá.
æ;Ƒ;á g]j;ţfgf;ţfotg+ ;dltŊƙ ;ţfj]blotlg/áw+ pk;ƕş ljx/lt. co+ cŪdá ljdáŋá. Od] ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ
ljdáŋfÆlt. %Ū+.

7= cgl/ojáxf/;'ų+
67= æclŪd] leŋj], cgl/ojáxf/f. std] cŪĠ clbŪ] lbŪjflbtf, c;'t] ;'tjflbtf, cd't] d'tjflbtf, cljţft]
ljţftjflbtf, lbŪ] clbŪjflbtf, ;'t] c;'tjflbtf, d't] cd'tjflbtf, ljţft] cljţftjflbtf. Od] ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ
cgl/ojáxf/fÆlt. ;ųd+.

8= cl/ojáxf/;'ų+
68= æclŪd], leŋj], cl/ojáxf/f. std] cŪĠ clbŪ] clbŪjflbtf, c;'t] c;'tjflbtf, cd't] cd'tjflbtf, cljţft]
cljţftjflbtf, lbŪ] lbŪjflbtf, ;'t] ;'tjflbtf, d't] d'tjflbtf, ljţft] ljţftjflbtf. Od] ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ cl/ojáxf/fÆlt.
cŪd+.

9= kl/;f;'ų+
69= æclŪdf, leŋj], kl/;f. stdf cŪĠ vlųokl/;f Ɣfƪ)kl/;f, uxkltkl/;f, ;d)kl/;f,
rft'dxf/flhskl/;f, tfjƸt;kl/;f, df/kl/;f, Ɣƪkl/;f. clehŽgfld ±vëf kgfx+, leŋj], cg]s;t+ vlųokl/;+ pk;Řldtf.
tŶlk dof ;lƉl;Ɖk'Ƒť]j ;Ɵlktk'Ƒť ;fsŞf r ;dfkƉk'Ƒf. tŴ oflb;sŽ] t];+ jŰá xált tflb;sŽ] dƞ+ jŰá xált, oflb;sŽ] t];+
;/á xált tflb;sŽ] dƞ+ ;/á xált. wlƙof r syfo ;ƆƧ]ld ;dfbk]ld ;d'ų]h]ld ;ƕx+;]ld ef;dfgť d+ g hŽglƃ - ‘sŽ] g' ±vëf co+
ef;lt b]já jf dg'Ƨá jf’lt. wlƙof syfo ;ƆƧ]ŷf ;dfbk]ŷf ;d'ų]h]ŷf ;ƕx+;]ŷf cƃ/wfofld. cƃ/lxtť d+ g hŽglƃ - ‘sŽ] g'
±vëf co+ cƃ/lxtá b]já jf dg'Ƨá jf’Ælt.
æclehŽgfld ±vëf kgfx+, leŋj], cg]s;t+ Ɣfƪ)kl/;+»k]0 uxkltkl/;+» ;d)kl/;+» rft'dxf/flhskl/;+»
tfjƸt;kl/;+» df/kl/;+» Ɣƪkl/;+ pk;Řldtf. tŶlk dof ;lƉl;Ɖk'Ƒť]j ;Ɵlktk'Ƒť ;fsŞf r ;dfkƉk'Ƒf. tŴ oflb;sŽ]
t];+ jŰá xált tflb;sŽ] dƞ+ jŰá xált, oflb;sŽ] t];+ ;/á xált tflb;sŽ] dƞ+ ;/á xált. wlƙof r syfo ;ƆƧ]ld ;dfbk]ld
;d'ų]h]ld ;ƕx+;]ld. ef;dfgť d+ g hŽglƃ - ‘sŽ] g' ±vëf co+ ef;lt b]já jf dg'Ƨá jf’lt. wlƙof syfo ;ƆƧ]ŷf ;dfbk]ŷf
;d'ų]h]ŷf ;ƕx+;]ŷf cƃ/wfofld. cƃ/lxtť d+ g hŽglƃ - ‘sŽ] g' ±vëf co+ cƃ/lxtá b]já jf dg'Ƨá jf’lt. Odf ±vëf, leŋj],
cŪ kl/;fÆlt. gjd+.

10= e"ldrfn;'ų+
70= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf j];flno+ ljx/lt dxfjg] s"þfuf/;fnfo+. cy ±vëf eujf k'ƑŲ;do+ lgjf;]ŷf kųrLj/dfbfo
j];fƸn lkůfo kfljl;. j];flno+ lkůfo rl/ŷf kŞfeų+ lkůkftklŊƃá cfoƨƃ+ cfgƆ+ cfdƃ]l; - æuŲflx, cfgƆ, lg;Lbg+. o]g
rfkfn+ r]lto+ û t]g'k;ŘldƧfd lbjfljxf/fofÆlt. æPj+, eƃ]Ælt ±vëf cfoƨf cfgƆá eujtá klƧ'ŷf lg;Lbg+ cfbfo eujƃ+
lklŪtá lklŪtá cg'alƈ.
cy ±vëf eujf o]g rfkfn+ r]lto+ t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf kţų] cf;g] lg;Llb. lg;ş ±vëf eujf cfoƨƃ+ cfgƆ+ cfdƃ]l;
- æ/d)Lof cfgƆ, j];fnL, /d)Lo+ pb]g+ r]lto+, /d)Lo+ ±uëftds+þ r]lto+, /d)Lo+ ;ųƗ+ r]lto+, /d)Lo+ ax'k'ųs+þ r]lto+¶ /d)Lo+
;f/Ɔb+ r]lto+, /d)Lo+ rfkfn+ r]lto+. oƧ sƧlr cfgƆ, rųf/á Olźkfbf efljtf ax'nLstf ofgLstf jŴ'stf cg'lŪtf kl/lrtf
;';df/źf, cfsřdfgá ;á, cfgƆ, sƍ+ jf ltŪ]Ɯ sƍfj;];+ jf. tyfutƧ ±vëf, cfgƆ, rųf/á Olźkfbf efljtf ax'nLstf ofgLstf
jŴ'stf cg'lŪtf kl/lrtf ;';df/źf. cfsřdfgá, cfgƆ, tyfutá sƍ+ jf ltŪ]Ɯ sƍfj;];+ jfÆlt. Pjlƕ ±vëf cfoƨf cfgƆá
eujtf cáńfl/s]þ lgldų] slo/dfg] cáńfl/s]þ cáef;] slo/dfg] gf;lŋ klljlŢt'+¶ g eujƃ+ oflr - æltŪt', eƃ], eujf sƍ+,
ltŪt' ;'utá sƍ+ ax'hglxtfo ax'hg;'vfo násŽg'sƕfo cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo b]jdg'ƧfgÆlƃ, oyf t+ df/]g kl/o'lŪtlrųá.
b'ltolƕ ±vëf eujf»k]0 tltolƕ ±vëf eujf cfoƨƃ+ cfgƆ+ cfdƃ]l; - æ/d)Lof, cfgƆ, j];fnL, /d)Lo+ pb]g+ r]lto+,
/d)Lo+ ±uëftds+þ r]lto+, /d)Lo+ ;ųƗ+ r]lto+, /d)Lo+ ax'k'ųs+þ r]lto+, /d)Lo+ ;f/Ɔb+ r]lto+, /d)Lo+ rfkfn+ r]lto+. oƧ sƧlr,
cfgƆ, rųf/á Olźkfbf efljtf ax'nLstf ofgLstf jŴ'stf cg'lŪtf kl/lrtf ;';df/źf, cfsřdfgá ;á, cfgƆ, sƍ+ jf ltŪ]Ɯ
sƍfj;];+ jf. tyfutƧ ±vëf, cfgƆ, rųf/á Olźkfbf efljtf»k]0 cfsřdfgá, cfgƆ, tyfutá sƍ+ jf ltŪ]Ɯ sƍfj;];+ jfÆlt.
Pjlƕ ±vëf cfoƨf cfgƆá eujtf cáńfl/s]þ lgldų] slo/dfg] cáńfl/s]þ cáef;] slo/dfg] gf;lŋ klljlŢt'+¶ g eujƃ+ oflr -
æltŪt', eƃ], eujf sƍ+, ltŪt' ;'utá sƍ+ ax'hglxtfo ax'hg;'vfo násŽg'sƕfo cŴfo lxtfo ;'vfo b]jdg'ƧfgÆlƃ, oyf t+
df/]g kl/o'lŪtlrųá.
cy ±vëf eujf cfoƨƃ+ cfgƆ+ cfdƃ]l; - æuŞ ŷ+ û , cfgƆ, oƧ bflg sŽn+ dţ;LÆlt. æPj+, eƃ]Ælt ±vëf cfoƨf
cfgƆá eujtá klƧ'ŷf pŪfof;gf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf kblŋ)+ sŷf eujtá cljb"/] cţt/Ƹƨ ?ŋd"n] lg;Llb. cy ±vëf df/á
kflkdf clr/kŊƃ] cfoƨƃ] cfgƆ] eujƃ+ Ptbjár -

43
ækl/lgƑft' bflg, eƃ], eujf, kl/lgƑft' ;'utá. kl/lgƑfgsŽná bflg, eƃ] eujtá. efl;tf ±vëf kg];f, eƃ],
eujtf jfrf - ‘g tfjfx+, kflkd, kl/lgƑfloƧfld ofj d] leŋ" g ;fjsŽ eljƧlƃ ljoųf ljgLtf lj;f/bf kųoáuŋ]df û ax'Ƨ'tf
wƙw/f wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉf ;fdLlrƍlkƉf cg'wƙrfl/gá, ;s+þ cfrl/os+þ pƮx]ŷf cflrlŋƧlƃ b];]Ƨlƃ kţk]Ƨlƃ kŪk]Ƨlƃ ljjl/Ƨlƃ
ljelhƧlƃ pųfgLsl/Ƨlƃ pƍƉ+ k/ƍjfb+ ;xwƙ]g ;'lgƮlxt+ lgƮx]ŷf ;ƍflxfl/o+ wƙ+ b];]ƧƃL’lt. Pt/lx, eƃ], leŋ" eujtá
;fjsŽ ljoųf ljgLtf lj;f/bf kųoáuŋ]df ax'Ƨ'tf wƙw/f wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉf ;fdLlrƍlkƉf cg'wƙrfl/gá, ;s+þ cfrl/os+þ pƮx]ŷf
cflrŋlƃ b];]lƃ kţk]lƃ kŪk]lƃ ljj/lƃ ljehlƃ pųfgLs/álƃ pƍƉ+ k/ƍjfb+ ;xwƙ]g ;'lgƮlxt+ lgƮx]ŷf ;ƍflxfl/o+ wƙ+
b];]lƃ.
ækl/lgƑft' bflg, eƃ], eujf, kl/lgƑft' ;'utá. kl/lgƑfgsŽná bflg, eƃ], eujtá. efl;tf ±vëf kg];f, eƃ],
eujtf jfrf - ‘g tfjfx+, kflkd, kl/lgƑfloƧfld ofj d] leŋ'lgoá g ;fljsŽ eljƧlƃ»k]0 ofj d] pkf;sŽ g ;fjsŽ
eljƧlƃ»k]0 ofj d] pkfl;sŽ g ;fljsŽ eljƧlƃ ljoųf ljgLtf lj;f/bf kųoáuŋ]df ax'Ƨ'tf wƙw/f wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉf
;fdLlrƍlkƉf cg'wƙrfl/lgoá, ;s+þ cfrl/os+þ pƮx]ŷf cflrlŋƧlƃ b];]Ƨlƃ kţk]Ƨlƃ kŪk]Ƨlƃ ljjl/Ƨlƃ ljelhƧlƃ
pųfgLsl/Ƨlƃ, pƍƉ+ k/ƍjfb+ ;xwƙ]g ;'lgƮlxt+ lgƮx]ŷf ;ƍflxfl/o+ wƙ+ b];]ƧƃL’lt. Pt/lx, eƃ], pkfl;sŽ eujtá ;fljsŽ
ljoųf ljgLtf lj;f/bf kųoáuŋ]df ax'Ƨ'tf wƙw/f wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉf ;fdLlrƍlkƉf cg'wƙrfl/lgoá, ;s+þ cfrl/os+þ pƮx]ŷf
cflrŋlƃ b];]lƃ kţk]lƃ kŪk]lƃ ljj/lƃ ljehlƃ pųfgLs/álƃ, pƍƉ+ k/ƍjfb+ ;xwƙ]g ;'lgƮlxt+ lgƮx]ŷf ;ƍflxfl/o+ wƙ+
b];]lƃ.
ækl/lgƑft' bflg, eƃ], eujf, kl/lgƑft' ;'utá. kl/lgƑfgsŽná bflg, eƃ], eujtá. efl;tf ±vëf kg];f, eƃ],
eujtf jfrf - ‘g tfjfx+, kflkd, kl/lgƑfloƧfld ofj d] Ob+ Ɣƪrl/o+ g Oźť]j eljƧlt mþLtť ljŴfl/s+þ afx'hţ+ k'y'e"t+, ofj
b]jdg'Ƨ]lx ;'ƍsŽl;t’lƃ. Pt/lx, eƃ], eujtá Ɣƪrl/o+ Oźť]j mþLtť ljŴfl/s+þ afx'hţ+ k'y'e"t+, ofj b]jdg'Ƨ]lx ;'ƍsŽl;t+.
ækl/lgƑft' bflg, eƃ], eujf, kl/lgƑft' ;'utá. kl/lgƑfgsŽná bflg, eƃ], eujtáÆlt. æcƍáƧ'ŊŽ] ŷ+, kflkd,
xálx. glr/+ tyfutƧ kl/lgƑfg+ eljƧlt. Otá ltŰ+ df;fg+ cŝo]g tyfutá kl/lgƑfloƧtLÆlt.
cy ±vëf eujf rfkfn] r]lto] ;tá ;ƕhŽgá cfo';řf/+ cáƧlh. cáƧŪ] r eujtf cfo';řf/] dxfe"ldrfná cxál; Ƹe;gsŽ]
;nádx+;á, b]jb'Ɔ'leoá r mþƸn;'. cy ±vëf eujf PtdŴ+ ljlbŷf tfo+ j]nfo+ Od+ pbfg+ pbfg]l; -
æt'ndt'nť ;Ƙj+, ej;řf/djƧlh d'lg.
cŢų/tá ;dflxtá, clelƆ sjrldjų;ƘjÆlƃĶ
cy ±vëf cfoƨtá cfgƆƧ Ptbxál; - ædxf jtfo+ e"ldrfnᶠ;'dxf jtfo+ e"ldrfná Ƹe;gsŽ] ;nádx+;á, b]jb'Ɔ'leoá r
mþƸn;'. sŽ] g' ±vëf x]t', sŽ] kŝoá dxtá e"ldrfnƧ kft'efjfofÆltĠ
cy ±vëf cfoƨf cfgƆá o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf cfoƨf
cfgƆá eujƃ+ Ptbjár - ædxf jtfo+, eƃ], e"ldrfná ;'dxf jtfo+, eƃ], e"ldrfná Ƹe;gsŽ] ;nádx+;á, b]jb'Ɔ'leoá r mþƸn;'. sŽ]
g' ±vëf, eƃ], x]t', sŽ] kŝoá dxtá e"ldrfnƧ kft'efjfofÆltĠ
æclŪd], cfgƆ, x]t", cŪ kŝof dxtá e"ldrfnƧ kft'efjfo. std] cŪĠ co+, cfgƆ, dxfkyjL pbs]þ kltlŪtf¶
pbs+þ jft] kltlŪt+¶ jftá cfsŽ;Ūá xált. ;á, cfgƆ, ;doá o+ dxfjftf jfolƃ¶ dxfjftf jfoƃf pbs+þ sƕ]lƃ¶ pbs+þ slƕt+ kyƸj
sƕ]lt. co+, cfgƆ, k&dá x]t', k&dá kŝoá dxtá e"ldrfnƧ kft'efjfo.
æk'g rk/+, cfgƆ, ;d±)ëf jf Ɣfƪ±)ëf jf Olźdf r]tájl;ƍųá b]jtf jf dlxlźsŽ dxfg'efjf. tƧ kl/ųf kyjL;ţf
efljtf xált, cƍdf)f cfká;ţf. ;á Od+ kyƸj sƕ]lt ;Řƕ]lt ;ƕsƕ]lt ;ƕj]±wëlt. co+, cfgƆ, b'ltoá x]t', b'ltoá kŝoá
dxtá e"ldrfnƧ kft'efjfo.
æk'g rk/+, cfgƆ, obf aálw;ųá t'l;tf sŽof rljŷf ;tá ;ƕhŽgá dft's'þƸŞ cáŊdlt, tbfo+ kyjL sƕlt ;Řƕlt
;ƕsƕlt ;ƕj]wlt. co+, cfgƆ, tltoá x]t'¶ tltoá kŝoá dxtá e"ldrfnƧ kft'efjfo.
æk'g rk/+, cfgƆ, obf aálw;ųá ;tá ;ƕhŽgá dft's'þlŞƨf lgŋdlt, tbfo+ kyjL sƕlt ;Řƕlt ;ƕsƕlt ;ƕj]wlt.
co+, cfgƆ, rt'Ŵá x]t', rt'Ŵá kŝoá dxtá e"ldrfnƧ kft'efjfo.
æk'g rk/+, cfgƆ, obf tyfutá cg'ų/+ ;ƙf;ƗáƸw cle;Ɨ'Ţlt, tbfo+ kyjL sƕlt ;Řƕlt ;ƕsƕlt ;ƕj]wlt.
co+, cfgƆ, kťdá x]t', kťdá kŝoá dxtá e"ldrfnƧ kft'efjfo.
æk'g rk/+, cfgƆ, obf tyfutá cg'ų/+ wƙrŊ+þ kjų]lt, tbfo+ kyjL sƕlt ;Řƕlt ;ƕsƕlt ;ƕj]wlt. co+,
cfgƆ, %Ūá x]t', %Ūá kŝoá dxtá e"ldrfnƧ kft'efjfo.
æk'g rk/+, cfgƆ, obf tyfutá ;tá ;ƕhŽgá cfo';řf/+ cáƧşlt, tbfo+ kyjL sƕlt ;Řƕlt ;ƕsƕlt ;ƕj]wlt.
co+, cfgƆ, ;ųdá x]t', ;ųdá kŝoá dxtá e"ldrfnƧ kft'efjfo.
æk'g rk/+, cfgƆ, obf tyfutá cg'kflb;];fo lgƑfgwft'of kl/lgƑfolt, tbfo+ kyjL sƕlt ;Řƕlt ;ƕsƕlt
;ƕj]wlt. co+, cfgƆ, cŪdá x]t', cŪdá kŝoá dxtá e"ldrfnƧ kft'efjfo. Od] ±vëf, cfgƆ, cŪ x]t", cŪ kŝof dxtá
e"ldrfnƧ kft'efjfofÆlt. b;d+.

e"ldrfnj±Ʈëf b'ltoá.

tƧ'Źfg+ -
OŞf cnť ;+lvų+, uof clee'gf ;x.
ljdáŋá ƀ] r jáxf/f, kl/;f e"ldrfn]gfltĶ

44
‘8’ 3= odsj±Ʈëf

1= k&d;źf;'ų+
71= æ;źá r û , leŋj], leŋ' xált, gá r û ;Lnjf. Pj+ ;á t]gś]g ckl/k"/á xált. t]g t+ cś+ kl/k"/]tƑ+ -
‘lsƃfx+ ;źá r cƧ+ ;Lnjf rf’lt. otá r ±vëf, leŋj], leŋ' ;źá r xált ;Lnjf r, Pj+ ;á t]gś]g kl/k"/á xált.
æ;źá r, leŋj], leŋ' xált ;Lnjf r, gá r ax'Ƨ'tá. Pj+ ;á t]gś]g ckl/k"/á xált. t]g t+ cś+ kl/k"/]tƑ+ -
‘lsƃfx+ ;źá r cƧ+, ;Lnjf r, ax'Ƨ'tá rf’lt. otá r ±vëf, leŋj], leŋ' ;źá r xált ;Lnjf r ax'Ƨ'tá r, Pj+ ;á t]gś]g
kl/k"/á xált.
æ;źá r, leŋj], leŋ' xált ;Lnjf r ax'Ƨ'tá r, gá r wƙslysŽ]»k]0 wƙslysŽ] r, gá r kl/;fjr/á»k]0
kl/;fjr/á r, gá r lj;f/bá kl/;fo wƙ+ b];]lt»k]0 lj;f/bá r kl/;fo wƙ+ b];]lt, gá r rt'Ɖ+ ´fgfg+ cfler]tl;sŽg+
lbŪwƙ;'vljxf/fg+ lgsŽdnfeL xált clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL»k]0 rt'Ɖ+ ´fgfg+ cfler]tl;sŽg+ lbŪwƙ;'vljxf/fg+ lgsŽdnfeL xált
clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL, gá r cf;jfg+ vof cgf;j+ r]táljd'Ƹų kţfljd'Ƹų lbŪ]j wƙ] ;o+ cleţf ;lŞsŷf pk;ƕş ljx/lt¶ Pj+
;á t]gś]g ckl/k"/á xált. t]g t+ cś+ kl/k"/]tƑ+ - ‘lsƃfx+ ;źá r cƧ+, ;Lnjf r, ax'Ƨ'tá r, wƙslysŽ] r, kl/;fjr/á r,
lj;f/bá r kl/;fo wƙ+ b];]Ɯ+, rt'Ɖť ´fgfg+ cfler]tl;sŽg+ lbŪwƙ;'vljxf/fg+ lgsŽdnfeL cƧ+ clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL, cf;jfgť
vof cgf;j+ r]táljd'Ƹų kţfljd'Ƹų lbŪ]j wƙ] ;o+ cleţf ;lŞsŷf pk;ƕş ljx/]Ɯ’Ælƃ.
æotá r ±vëf, leŋj], leŋ' ;źá r xált, ;Lnjf r, ax'Ƨ'tá r, wƙslysŽ] r, kl/;fjr/á r, lj;f/bá r kl/;fo
wƙ+ b];]lt, rt'Ɖť ´fgfg+ cfler]tl;sŽg+ lbŪwƙ;'vljxf/fg+ lgsŽdnfeL xált clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL, cf;jfgť vof cgf;j+
r]táljd'Ƹų kţfljd'Ƹų lbŪ]j wƙ] ;o+ cleţf ;lŞsŷf pk;ƕş ljx/lt¶ Pj+ ;á t]gś]g kl/k"/á xált. Od]lx, ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx
wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' ;dƃkf;flbsŽ] r xált ;ƑfsŽ/kl/k"/á rfÆlt. k&d+.

2= b'lto;źf;'ų+
72= æ;źá r, leŋj], leŋ' xált, gá r ;Lnjf. Pj+ ;á t]gś]g ckl/k"/á xált. t]g t+ cś+ kl/k"/]tƑ+ - ‘lsƃfx+
;źá r cƧ+ ;Lnjf rf’lt. otá r ±vëf, leŋj], leŋ' ;źá r xált ;Lnjf r, Pj+ ;á t]gś]g kl/k"/á xált.
æ;źá r, leŋj], leŋ' xált ;Lnjf r, gá r ax'Ƨ'tá»k]0 ax'Ƨ'tá r, gá r wƙslysŽ]»k]0 wƙslysŽ] r, gá r
kl/;fjr/á»k]0 kl/;fjr/á r, gá r lj;f/bá kl/;fo wƙ+ b];]lt »k]0 lj;f/bá r kl/;fo wƙ+ b];]lt, gá r o] t] ;ƃf
ljdáŋf cltŊƙ ¿k] cf?ƍf t] sŽo]g m'þl;ŷf ljx/lt»k]0 o] t] ;ƃf ljdáŋf cltŊƙ ¿k] cf?ƍf t] sŽo]g m'þl;ŷf ljx/lt, gá r
cf;jfg+ vof cgf;j+ r]táljd'Ƹų kţfljd'Ƹų lbŪ]j wƙ] ;o+ cleţf ;lŞsŷf pk;ƕş ljx/lt¶ Pj+ ;á t]gś]g ckl/k"/á xált.
t]g t+ cś+ kl/k"/]tƑ+ - ‘lsƃfx+ ;źá r cƧ+, ;Lnjf r, ax'Ƨ'tá r, wƙslysŽ] r, kl/;fjr/á r, lj;f/bá r kl/;fo wƙ+
b];]Ɯ+, o] t] ;ƃf ljdáŋf cltŊƙ ¿k] cf?ƍf t] sŽo]g m'þl;ŷf ljx/]Ɯ+, cf;jfgť vof cgf;j+ r]táljd'Ƹų kţfljd'Ƹų lbŪ]j wƙ] ;o+
cleţf ;lŞsŷf pk;ƕş ljx/]Ɯ’Ælƃ.
æotá r ±vëf, leŋj], leŋ' ;źá r xált, ;Lnjf r, ax'Ƨ'tá r, wƙslysŽ] r, kl/;fjr/á r, lj;f/bá r kl/;fo wƙ+
b];]lt. o] t] ;ƃf ljdáŋf cltŊƙ ¿k] cf?ƍf t] r sŽo]g m'þl;ŷf ljx/lt, cf;jfgť vof»k]0 ;lŞsŷf pk;ƕş ljx/lt¶ Pj+
;á t]gś]g kl/k"/á xált. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' ;dƃkf;flbsŽ] r xált ;ƑfsŽ/kl/k"/á rfÆlt.
b'lto+.

3= k&dd/)Ƨlt;'ų+
73= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf gflts]þ û ljx/lt luŧsŽj;±yë. tŶ ±vëf eujf leŋ" cfdƃ]l; - æleŋjáÆlt æebƃ]Ælt t] leŋ"
eujtá kŝƧá;'+. eujf Ptbjár - æd/)Ƨlt, leŋj], efljtf ax'nLstf dxƎnf xált dxflg;+;f cdtáuwf cdtkl/oá;fgf.
efj]y gá t'ƛ], leŋj], d/)ƧltÆlƃ.
Pj+ j'ų] cţt/á leŋ' eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æcx+ ±vëf, eƃ], efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ. æoyf sy+ kg ŷ+, leŋ', efj]l;
d/)ƧltÆlƃĠ æOw dƞ+, eƃ], Pj+ xált - ‘cxá jtfx+ /lųlƆj+ hLj]Ɯ+ eujtá ;f;g+ dgl; s/]Ɯ+, ax' û jt d] st+ cƧf’lt.
Pj+ ±vëf cx+, eƃ], efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ.
cţt/álk ±vëf leŋ' eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æcxlƕ ±vëf, eƃ], efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ. æoyf sy+ kg ŷ+, leŋ', efj]l;
d/)ƧltÆlƃĠ æOw dƞ+, eƃ], Pj+ xált - ‘cxá jtfx+ lbj;+ hLj]Ɯ+, eujtá ;f;g+ dgl; s/]Ɯ+, ax' jt d] st+ cƧf’lt. Pj+
±vëf cx+, eƃ], efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ.
cţt/álk ±vëf leŋ' eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æcxlƕ ±vëf, eƃ], efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ. æoyf sy+ kg ŷ+, leŋ', efj]l;
d/)ƧltÆlƃĠ æOw dƞ+, eƃ], Pj+ xált - ‘cxá jtfx+ pkŬlbj;+ hLj]Ɯ+, eujtá ;f;g+ dgl; s/]Ɯ+, ax' jt d] st+ cƧf’lt.
Pj+ ±vëf cx+, eƃ], efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ.
cţt/álk ±vëf leŋ' eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æcxlƕ ±vëf, eƃ], efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ æoyf sy+ kg ŷ+, leŋ', efj]l;

45
d/)ƧltÆlƃĠ æOw dƞ+, eƃ], Pj+ xált - ‘cxá jtfx+ tbƃ/+ hLj]Ɯ+ obƃ/+ Pslkůkft+ e'ŧfld, eujtá ;f;g+ dgl; s/]Ɯ+, ax'
jt d] st+ cƧf’lt. Pj+ ±vëf cx+, eƃ], efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ.
cţt/álk ±vëf leŋ' eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æcxlƕ ±vëf, eƃ], efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ. æoyf sy+ kg ŷ+, leŋ', efj]l;
d/)ƧltÆlƃĠ æOw dƞ+ eƃ], Pj+ xált - ‘cxá jtfx+ tbƃ/+ hLj]Ɯ+ obƃ/+ pkŬlkůkft+ e'ŧfld, eujtá ;f;g+ dgl; s/]Ɯ+,
ax' jt d] st+ cƧf’lt. Pj+ ±vëf cx+, eƃ], efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ.
cţt/álk ±vëf leŋ' eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æcxlƕ ±vëf, eƃ], efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ. æoyf sy+ kg ŷ+, leŋ', efj]l;
d/)ƧltÆlƃĠ æOw dƞ+, eƃ], Pj+ xált - ‘cxá jtfx+ tbƃ/+ hLj]Ɯ+ obƃ/+ rųf/á kť cfnák] ;řflbŷf û cŢáx/fld, eujtá
;f;g+ dgl; s/]Ɯ+, ax' jt d] st+ cƧf’lt. Pj+ ±vëf cx+, eƃ], efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ.
cţt/álk ±vëf leŋ' eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æcxlƕ ±vëf, eƃ], efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ. æoyf sy+ kg ŷ+, leŋ', efj]l;
d/)ƧltÆlƃĠ æOw dƞ+, eƃ], Pj+ xált - ‘cxá jtfx+ tbƃ/+ hLj]Ɯ+ obƃ/+ Ps+þ cfnák+ ;řflbŷf û cŢáx/fld, eujtá ;f;g+
dgl; s/]Ɯ+, ax' jt d] st+ cƧf’lt. Pj+ ±vëf cx+, eƃ], efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ.
cţt/álk ±vëf leŋ' eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æcxlƕ ±vëf, eƃ], efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ. æoyf sy+ kg ŷ+, leŋ', efj]l;
d/)ƧltÆlƃĠ æOw dƞ+ eƃ], Pj+ xált - ‘cxá jtfx+ tbƃ/+ hLj]Ɯ+ obƃ/+ cƧl;ŷf jf kƧ;fld, kƧl;ŷf jf cƧ;fld, eujtá
;f;g+ dgl; s/]Ɯ+, ax' jt d] st+ cƧf’lt. Pj+ ±vëf cx+, eƃ] efj]ld d/)ƧltÆlƃ.
Pj+ j'ų] eujf t] leŋ" Ptbjár - æ†jfo+ û , leŋj], leŋ' Pj+ d/)ƧƸt efj]lt - ‘cxá jtfx+ /lųlƆj+ hLj]Ɯ+, eujtá
;f;g+ dgl; s/]Ɯ+, ax' jt d] st+ cƧf’lt. oá rfo+ û , leŋj], leŋ' Pj+ d/)ƧƸt efj]lt - ‘cxá jtfx+ lbj;+ hLj]Ɯ+, eujtá
;f;g+ dgl; s/]Ɯ+, ax' jt d] st+ cƧf’lt¶ oá rfo+ û , leŋj], leŋ' Pj+ d/)ƧƸt efj]lt - ‘cxá jtfx+ pkŬlbj;+ hLj]Ɯ+,
eujtá ;f;g+ dgl; s/]Ɯ+, ax' jt d] st+ cƧf’lt. oá rfo+ û , leŋj], leŋ' Pj+ d/)ƧƸt efj]lt - ‘cxá jtfx+ tbƃ/+ hLj]Ɯ+
obƃ/+ Pslkůkft+ e'ŧfld, eujtá ;f;g+ dgl; s/]Ɯ+, ax' jt d] st+ cƧf’lt¶ oá rfo+ û , leŋj], leŋ' Pj+ d/)ƧƸt efj]lt -
‘cxá jtfx+ tbƃ/+ hLj]Ɯ+ obƃ/+ pkŬlkůkft+ e'ŧfld, eujtá ;f;g+ dgl; s/]Ɯ+, ax' jt d] st+ cƧf’lt. oá rfo+ û ,
leŋj], leŋ' Pj+ d/)ƧƸt efj]lt - ‘cxá jtfx+ tbƃ/+ hLj]Ɯ+ obƃ/+ rųf/á kť cfnák] ;řflbŷf cŢáx/fld, eujtá ;f;g+
dgl; s/]Ɯ+, ax' jt d] st+ cƧf’lt - Od] j'ŝlƃ, leŋj], ‘leŋ" kdųf ljx/lƃ, bƈ+ d/)ƧƸt efj]lƃ cf;jfg+ vofo’Æ.
æoá r őfo+ û , leŋj], leŋ' Pj+ d/)ƧƸt efj]lt - ‘cxá jtfx+ tbƃ/+ hLj]Ɯ+ obƃ/+ Ps+þ cfnák+ ;řflbŷf
cŢáx/fld, eujtá ;f;g+ dgl; s/]Ɯ+, ax' jt d] st+ cƧf’lt. oá rfo+ û , leŋj], leŋ' Pj+ d/)ƧƸt efj]lt - ‘cxá jtfx+
tbƃ/+ hLj]Ɯ+ obƃ/+ cƧl;ŷf jf kƧ;fld, kƧl;ŷf jf cƧ;fld, eujtá ;f;g+ dgl; s/]Ɯ+, ax' jt d] st+ cƧf’lt - Od]
j'ŝlƃ, leŋj], ‘leŋ" cƍdųf ljx/lƃ, ltŋ+ d/)ƧƸt efj]lƃ cf;jfg+ vofo’Æ.
ætƨfltx, leŋj], Pj+ l;lŋtƑ+ - ‘cƍdųf ljxl/Ƨfd, ltŋ+ d/)ƧƸt efjloƧfd cf;jfg+ vofof’lt. PjlŤ já,
leŋj], l;lŋtƑÆlƃ. tlto+.

4= b'ltod/)Ƨlt;'ų+
74= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf gflts]þ ljx/lt luŧsŽj;±yë. tŶ ±vëf eujf leŋ" cfdƃ]l; »k]0 d/)Ƨlt, leŋj], efljtf
ax'nLstf dxƎnf xált dxflg;+;f cdtáuwf cdtkl/oá;fgf.
æsy+ efljtf r, leŋj], d/)Ƨlt sy+ ax'nLstf dxƎnf xált dxflg;+;f cdtáuwf cdtkl/oá;fgfĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ'
lbj;] lgŋƃ] /lųof kltlxtfo û Olt kl;lťŋlt - ‘ax'sŽ ±vëf d] kŝof d/)Ƨ - clx jf d+ *+;]Ɯ, ljlŞsŽ] jf d+ *+;]Ɯ, ;tkbL
jf d+ *+;]Ɯ¶ t]g d] cƧ sŽnlsl/of. ;á dd cƧ û cƃ/foá. pkŋlnŷf jf kkt]Ɯ+, eų+ jf d] e'ų+ Ɠfkş]Ɯ, lkų+ jf d] s'þƍ]Ɯ,
;]ƛ+ jf d] s'þƍ]Ɯ, ;ŴsŽ jf d] jftf s'þƍ]Ɯ'+ dg'Ƨf jf d+ pkŊd]Ɯ'+, cdg'Ƨf jf d+ pkŊd]Ɯ'+¶ t]g d] cƧ sŽnlsl/of. ;á dd cƧ
cƃ/foá’lt. t]g, leŋj], leŋ'gf Olt kl;lťlŋtƑ+ - ‘clŴ g' ±vëf d] kfksŽ cs'þ;nf wƙf cƍxLgf o] d] cƧ' /Ƹų sŽn+ s/áƃƧ
cƃ/fofof’Ælt.
æ;r], leŋj], leŋ' kŝj]ŋdfgá Pj+ hŽgflt - ‘clŴ d] kfksŽ cs'þ;nf wƙf cƍxLgf o] d] cƧ' /Ƹų sŽn+ s/áƃƧ
cƃ/fofof’lt, t]g, leŋj], leŋ'gf t];+o]j kfksŽg+ cs'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ kxfgfo clwdųá %Ɔá r jfofdá r pƧfxá r pƧáŃÜL r
cƍljfgL r ;lt r ;ƕhţ s/)Lo+.
æ;]Ɯyflk, leŋj], cflbųr]ná jf cflbų;L;á jf tƧ]j r]nƧ jf ;L;Ƨ jf lgƑfkgfo clwdų+ %Ɔť jfofdť pƧfxť
pƧálŃÜť cƍljflgť ;ltť ;ƕhţť s/]Ɯ¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, leŋj], t]g leŋ'gf t];+o]j kfksŽg+ cs'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ kxfgfo clwdųá %Ɔá
r jfofdá r pƧfxá r pƧáŃÜL r cƍljfgL r ;lt r ;ƕhţ s/)Lo+.
æ;r] kg, leŋj], leŋ' kŝj]ŋdfgá Pj+ hŽgflt - ‘glŴ d] kfksŽ cs'þ;nf wƙf cƍxLgf o] d] cƧ' /Ƹų sŽn+ s/áƃƧ
cƃ/fofof’lt t]g, leŋj], leŋ'gf t]g]j kLltkfdáş]g ljxftƑ+ cxá/ųfg'l;lŋgf s'þ;n];' wƙ];'.
æOw kg, leŋj], leŋ' /lųof lgŋƃfo lbj;] kltlxt] Olt kl;lťŋlt - ‘ax'sŽ ±vëf d] kŝof d/)Ƨ - clx jf d+
*+;]Ɯ, ljlŞsŽ] jf d+ *+;]Ɯ, ;tkbL jf d+ *+;]Ɯ¶ t]g d] cƧ sŽnlsl/of. ;á dd cƧ cƃ/foá. pkŋlnŷf jf kkt]Ɯ+, eų+ jf d]
e'ų+ Ɠfkş]Ɯ, lkų+ jf d] s'þƍ]Ɯ, ;]ƛ+ jf d] s'þƍ]Ɯ, ;ŴsŽ jf d] jftf s'þƍ]Ɯ'+, dg'Ƨf jf d+ pkŊd]Ɯ'+, cdg'Ƨf jf d+ pkŊd]Ɯ'+¶ t]g d]
cƧ sŽnlsl/of. ;á dd cƧ cƃ/foá’lt. t]g, leŋj], leŋ'gf Olt kl;lťlŋtƑ+ - ‘clŴ g' ±vëf d] kfksŽ cs'þ;nf wƙf cƍxLgf
o] d] cƧ' lbjf sŽn+ s/áƃƧ cƃ/fofof’Ælt.
æ;r] leŋj], leŋ' kŝj]ŋdfgá Pj+ hŽgflt - ‘clŴ d] kfksŽ cs'þ;nf wƙf cƍxLgf o] d] cƧ' lbjf sŽn+ s/áƃƧ
cƃ/fofof’lt, t]g, leŋj], leŋ'gf t];+o]j kfksŽg+ cs'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ kxfgfo clwdųá %Ɔá r jfofdá r pƧfxá r pƧáŃÜL r

46
cƍljfgL r ;lt r ;ƕhţ s/)Lo+.
æ;]Ɯyflk, leŋj], cflbųr]ná jf cflbų;L;á jf tƧ]j r]nƧ jf ;L;Ƨ jf lgƑfkgfo clwdų+ %Ɔť jfofdť pƧfxť
pƧálŃÜť cƍljflgť ;ltť ;ƕhţť s/]Ɯ¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, leŋj], t]g leŋ'gf t];+o]j kfksŽg+ cs'þ;nfg+ wƙfg+ kxfgfo clwdųá %Ɔá
r jfofdá r pƧfxá r pƧáŃÜL r cƍljfgL r ;lt r ;ƕhţ s/)Lo+.
æ;r] kg, leŋj], leŋ' kŝj]ŋdfgá Pj+ hŽgflt - ‘glŴ d] kfksŽ cs'þ;nf wƙf cƍxLgf o] d] cƧ' lbjf sŽn+ s/áƃƧ
cƃ/fofof’lt, t]g, leŋj], leŋ'gf t]g]j kLltkfdáş]g ljxftƑ+ cxá/ųfg'l;lŋgf s'þ;n];' wƙ];'. Pj+ efljtf ±vëf, leŋj],
d/)Ƨlt Pj+ ax'nLstf dxƎnf xált dxflg;+;f cdtáuwf cdtkl/oá;fgfÆlt. rt'Ŵ+.

5= k&d;ƕbf;'ų+
75= æclŪdf leŋj], ;ƕbf. stdf cŪĠ û pŪfg;ƕbf, cf/ŋ;ƕbf, sƠf)ldųtf, ;dhLljtf, ;źf;ƕbf, ;Ln;ƕbf,
rfu;ƕbf, kţf;ƕbf - Odf ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ ;ƕbfÆlt.
æpŪftf sƙ±wëƜ];', cƍdųá ljwfgjf.
;d+ sƍ]lt hLljs+þ, ;Ƙt+ cg'/ŋltĶ
æ;źá ;Ln]g ;ƕƉá, jbţ" jLtdŞ/á.
lgŝ+ dƮ+ lj;á±wëlt, ;áŴfg+ ;ƕ/flos+þĶ
æOŝ]t] cŪ wƙf r, ;źƧ #/d]l;gá.
cŋftf ;ŝgfd]g, peoŴ ;'vfjxfĶ
ælbŪwƙlxtŴfo, ;ƕ/fo;'vfo r.
Pjd]t+ uxŪfg+, rf±uëf k'ţ+ kjŬtLÆltĶ kťd+.

6= b'lto;ƕbf;'ų+
76= æclŪdf leŋj], ;ƕbf. stdf cŪĠ pŪfg;ƕbf, cf/ŋ;ƕbf, sƠf)ldųtf, ;dhLljtf, ;źf;ƕbf, ;Ln;ƕbf,
rfu;ƕbf, kţf;ƕbf. stdf r, leŋj], pŪfg;ƕbfĠ Ow, leŋj], s'þnk'ųá o]g sƙŪfg]g hLljt+ sƍ]lt - olb sl;of olb
jl)şŽo olb ±uëf/ŋ]g olb OƧų]g olb /fhkál/;]g olb l;ƍţt/]g - tŴ bŋá xált cgn;á, tŶ'kfofo jLd+;fo ;dƉfutá, cn+
sŽt'+ cn+ ;+ljwft'lƃ. co+ j'ŝlt, leŋj], pŪfg;ƕbf.
æstdf r, leŋj], cf/ŋ;ƕbfĠ Ow, leŋj], s'þnk'ųƧ eáuf xálƃ pŪfgjLl/oflwutf afxfankl/lrtf ;]bfjlŋųf wlƙsŽ
wƙnźf t] cf/ŋ]g u'lųof ;ƕfb]lt - ‘lslƃ d] eá±uë g]j /fhŽgá x/]Ɯ'+, g rá/f x/]Ɯ'+, g clƮ *x]Ɯ, g pbs+þ jx]Ɯ, g clƍof
bfofbf x/]Ɯ'’lƃ. co+ j'ŝlt, leŋj], cf/ŋ;ƕbf.
æstdf r, leŋj], sƠf)ldųtfĠ Ow, leŋj], s'þnk'ųá oƸƨ ufd] jf lgud] jf klj;lt, tŴ o] t] xálƃ uxktL jf
uxkltk'ųf jf bx/f jf j'ź;Llngá j'źf jf j'ź;Llngá ;źf;ƕƉf ;Ln;ƕƉf rfu;ƕƉf kţf;ƕƉf, t]lx ;Ƹź ;lƃŪlt ;Ɵklt ;fsŞ+
;dfkşlt¶ oyf¿kfg+ ;źf;ƕƉfg+ ;źf;ƕb+ cg'l;ŋlt, oyf¿kfg+ ;Ln;ƕƉfg+ ;Ln;ƕb+ cg'l;ŋlt, oyf¿kfg+ rfu;ƕƉfg+ rfu;ƕb+
cg'l;ŋlt, oyf¿kfg+ kţf;ƕƉfg+ kţf;ƕb+ cg'l;ŋlt. co+ j'ŝlt, leŋj], sƠf)ldųtf.
æstdf r, leŋj], ;dhLljtfĠ Ow, leŋj], s'þnk'ųá cfoť eáufg+ ljlbŷf joť eáufg+ ljlbŷf ;d+ hLljs+þ sƍ]lt
gfŝáufŃÜ+ gfltxLg+ - ‘Pj+ d] cfoá jo+ kl/ofbfo &Ƨlt, g r d] joá cfo+ kl/ofbfo &ƧtL’lt. ;]Ɯyflk, leŋj], t'nfwf/á jf
t'nfwf/ƃ]jf;L jf t'n+ kƮx]ŷf hŽgflt - ‘Pųs]þg jf cágt+, Pųs]þg jf pƉt’lƃ¶ Pjd]j+ ±vëf, leŋj], s'þnk'ųá cfoť eáufg+ ljlbŷf
joť eáufg+ ljlbŷf ;d+ hLljs+þ sƍ]lt gfŝáufŃÜ+ gfltxLg+ - ‘Pj+ d] cfoá jo+ kl/ofbfo &Ƨlt, g r d] joá cfo+ kl/ofbfo
&ƧtL’lt. ;rfo+, leŋj], s'þnk'ųá cƍfoá ;dfgá pńf/+ hLljs+þ sƍ]lt, tƧ ejlƃ jųf/á ‘pb'Ɨ/vfbL jfo+ s'þnk'ųá eá±uë
vfbtL’lt. ;r] kgfo+, leŋj], s'þnk'ųá dxfoá ;dfgá sl;/+ hLljs+þ sƍ]lt, tƧ ejlƃ jųf/á - ‘ch]Ūd/)+ jfo+ s'þnk'ųá
dl/ƧtL’lt. otá r ±vëfo+, leŋj], s'þnk'ųá cfoť eáufg+ ljlbŷf joť eáufg+ ljlbŷf ;d+ hLljs+þ sƍ]lt gfŝáufŃÜ+ gfltxLg+ -
‘Pj+ d] cfoá jo+ kl/ofbfo &Ƨlt, g r d] joá cfo+ kl/ofbfo &ƧtL’lt. co+ j'ŝlt, leŋj], ;dhLljtf.
æstdf r leŋj], ;źf;ƕbfĠ Ow, leŋj], s'þnk'ųá ;źá xált, ;Źxlt tyfutƧ aáƸw - ‘Oltlk ;á eujf»k]0 ;Ŵf
b]jdg'Ƨfg+ a'źá eujf’lt. co+ j'ŝlt, leŋj], ;źf;ƕbf.
æstdf r, leŋj], ;Ln;ƕbfĠ Ow, leŋj], s'þnk'ųá kf)fltkftf kllj/tá xált»k]0 ;'/fd]/odşkdfbŪfgf
kllj/tá xált. co+ j'ŝlt, leŋj], ;Ln;ƕbf.
æstdf r, leŋj], rfu;ƕbfĠ Ow, leŋj], s'þnk'ųá ljutdndŞ]/]g r]t;f cuf/+ cŢfj;lt»k]0 ofroá±uëf
bfg;+ljefu/tá. co+ j'ŝlt, leŋj], rfu;ƕbf.
æstdf r, leŋj], kţf;ƕbfĠ Ow leŋj], s'þnk'ųá kţjf xált»k]0 ;ƙf b'ŋŋoufldlgof. co+ j'ŝlt, leŋj],
kţf;ƕbf. Odf ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ ;ƕbfÆlt.
æpŪftf sƙ±wëƜ];', cƍdųá ljwfgjf.
;d+ sƍ]lt hLljs+þ, ;Ƙt+ cg'/ŋltĶ

47
æ;źá ;Ln]g ;ƕƉá, jbţ" jLtdŞ/á.
lgŝ+ dƮ+ lj;á±wëlt, ;áŴfg+ ;ƕ/flos+þĶ
æOŝ]t] cŪ wƙf r, ;źƧ #/d]l;gá.
cŋftf ;ŝgfd]g, peoŴ ;'vfjxfĶ
ælbŪwƙlxtŴfo, ;ƕ/fo;'vfo r.
Pjd]t+ uxŪfg+, rf±uëf k'ţ+ kjŬtLÆltĶ %Ū+.

7= OŞf;'ų+
77= tŶ ±vëf cfoƨf ;fl/k'ųá leŋ" cfdƃ]l; - æcfj';á leŋjáÆlt¹ æcfj';áÆlt ±vëf t] leŋ" cfoƨtá ;fl/k'ųƧ kŝƧá;'+.
cfoƨf ;fl/k'ųá Ptbjár -
û æclŪd], cfj';á, k'Ʈnf ;ƃá ;+ljşdfgf násƸƨ. std] cŪĠ Owfj';á, leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf
pƍşlt nfefo. ;á pŪxlt, #lt, jfodlt nfefo. tƧ pŪxtá, #tá, jfodtá nfefo nfeá g'ƍşlt. ;á t]g cnfe]g
;árlt lsndlt kl/b]jlt, p/ųfƸń sƆlt, ;ƙáx+ cfkşlt. co+ j'ŝtfj';á, ‘leŋ' OŞá ljx/lt nfefo, pŪxlt, #lt jfodlt
nfefo, g r nfeL, ;árL r kl/b]jL r, r'tá r ;źƙf’Æ.
æOw kgfj';á, leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf pƍşlt nfefo. ;á pŪxlt, #lt, jfodlt nfefo.
tƧ pŪxtá #tá jfodtá nfefo nfeá pƍşlt. ;á t]g nfe]g dşlt kdşlt kdfbdfkşlt. co+ j'ŝtfj';á, ‘leŋ' OŞá
ljx/lt nfefo, pŪxlt #lt jfodlt nfefo, nfeL r, dbL r kdfbL r, r'tá r ;źƙf’Æ.
æOw kgfj';á, leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf pƍşlt nfefo. ;á g pŪxlt, g #lt, g jfodlt
nfefo. tƧ cg'Ūxtá, c#tá, cjfodtá nfefo nfeá g'ƍşlt. ;á t]g cnfe]g ;árlt lsndlt kl/b]jlt, p/ųfƸń sƆlt,
;ƙáx+ cfkşlt. co+ j'ŝtfj';á, ‘leŋ' OŞá ljx/lt nfefo, g pŪxlt, g #lt, g jfodlt nfefo, g r nfeL, ;árL r
kl/b]jL r, r'tá r ;źƙf’Æ.
æOw kgfj';á, leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf pƍşlt nfefo. ;á g pŪxlt, g #lt, g jfodlt
nfefo. tƧ cg'Ūxtá, c#tá, cjfodtá nfefo nfeá pƍşlt. ;á t]g nfe]g dşlt kdşlt kdfbdfkşlt. co+ j'ŝtfj';á,
‘leŋ' OŞá ljx/lt nfefo, g pŪxlt g #lt g jfodlt nfefo, nfeL r, dbL r kdfbL r, r'tá r ;źƙf’Æ.
æOw kgfj';á, leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf pƍşlt nfefo. ;á pŪxlt, #lt, jfodlt nfefo.
tƧ pŪxtá, #tá, jfodtá nfefo, nfeá g'ƍşlt. ;á t]g cnfe]g g ;árlt g lsndlt g kl/b]jlt, g p/ųfƸń sƆlt, g
;ƙáx+ cfkşlt. co+ j'ŝtfj';á, ‘leŋ' OŞá ljx/lt nfefo, pŪxlt #lt jfodlt nfefo, g r nfeL, g r ;árL g r
kl/b]jL, cŝ'tá r ;źƙf’Æ.
æOw kgfj';á, leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf pƍşlt nfefo. ;á pŪxlt, #lt, jfodlt nfefo.
tƧ pŪxtá, #tá, jfodtá nfefo, nfeá pƍşlt. ;á t]g nfe]g g dşlt g kdşlt g kdfbdfkşlt. co+ j'ŝtfj';á,
‘leŋ' OŞá ljx/lt nfefo, pŪxlt, #lt, jfodlt nfefo, nfeL r, g r dbL g r kdfbL, cŝ'tá r ;źƙf’Æ.
æOw kgfj';á, leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf pƍşlt nfefo. ;á g pŪxlt, g #lt, g jfodlt
nfefo. tƧ cg'Ūxtá, c#tá, cjfodtá nfefo, nfeá g'ƍşlt. ;á t]g cnfe]g g ;árlt g lsndlt g kl/b]jlt, g
p/ųfƸń sƆlt, g ;ƙáx+ cfkşlt. co+ j'ŝtfj';á, ‘leŋ' OŞá ljx/lt nfefo, g pŪxlt, g #lt, g jfodlt nfefo, g r
nfeL, g r ;árL g r kl/b]jL, cŝ'tá r ;źƙf’Æ.
æOw kgfj';á, leŋ'gá kljljųƧ ljx/tá lg/foųj'lųgá OŞf pƍşlt nfefo. ;á g pŪxlt, g #lt, g jfodlt
nfefo. tƧ cg'Ūxtá, c#tá, cjfodtá nfefo, nfeá pƍşlt. ;á t]g nfe]g g dşlt g kdşlt g kdfbdfkşlt. co+
j'ŝtfj';á ‘leŋ' OŞá ljx/lt nfefo, g pŪxlt, g #lt g jfodlt nfefo, nfeL r, g r dbL g r kdfbL, cŝ'tá r
;źƙf’. Od] ±vëf, cfj';á, cŪ k'Ʈnf ;ƃá ;+ljşdfgf náslƨÆlƃ. ;ųd+.

8= cn+;'ų+
78= û tŶ ±vëf cfoƨf ;fl/k'ųá leŋ" cfdƃ]l;»k]0 %xfj';á, wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá, cn+ k/];+. std]lx
%lxĠ Owfj';á, leŋ' lvƍlg;lƃ r xált s'þ;n];' wƙ];'¶ ;'tfgť wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált¶ wftfgť wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált¶
cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá r xált¶ sƠf)jfrá r xált sƠf)jfŊ/±)ëf, kál/of jfrfo ;dƉfutá ljƧŪfo cg]nuńfo
cŴƧ ljţfklgof¶ ;ƆƧsŽ] r xált ;dfbksŽ] ;d'ų]hsŽ] ;ƕx+;sŽ] ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, cfj';á, %lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+
cųgá, cn+ k/];+.
ækťxfj';á, wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá, cn+ k/];+. std]lx kťlxĠ Owfj';á, leŋ' g x]j ±vëf lvƍlg;lƃ r xált
s'þ;n];' wƙ];'¶ ;'tfgť wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált¶ wftfgť wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált¶ cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá r xált¶
sƠf)jfrá r xált»k]0 ;ƆƧsŽ] r xált»k]0 ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, cfj';á, kťlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá, cn+
k/];+.
ært"xfj';á, wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá, gfn+ k/];+ std]lx rt"lxĠ Owfj';á, leŋ' lvƍlg;lƃ r xált s'þ;n];'

48
wƙ];'¶ ;'tfgť wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált¶ wftfgť wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált¶ cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá r xált¶ gá r
sƠf)jfrá xált»k]0 gá r ;ƆƧsŽ] xált»k]0 ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, cfj';á, rt"lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá, gfn+
k/];+.
ært"xfj';á wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ k/];+, gfn+ cųgá. std]lx rt"lxĠ Owfj';á, leŋ' lvƍlg;lƃ r xált s'þ;n];'
wƙ];'¶ ;'tfgť wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált¶ gá r wftfg+ wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált¶ gá r cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá xált¶
sƠf)jfrá r xált»k]0 ;ƆƧsŽ] r xált»k]0 ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, cfj';á, rt"lx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ k/];+, gfn+
cųgá.
ætLxfj';á, wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá, gfn+ k/];+. std]lx tLlxĠ Owfj';á, leŋ' g x]j ±vëf lvƍlg;lƃ r xált
s'þ;n];' wƙ];'¶ ;'tfgť wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált¶ wftfgť wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált¶ cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá r xált¶
gá r sƠf)jfrá xált»k]0 gá r ;ƆƧsŽ] xált»k]0 ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, cfj';á, tLlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá,
gfn+ k/];+.
ætLxfj';á wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ k/];+, gfn+ cųgá. std]lx tLlxĠ Owfj';á, leŋ' g x]j ±vëf lvƍlg;lƃ r xált
s'þ;n];' wƙ];'¶ ;'tfgť wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált¶ gá r wftfg+ wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált¶ gá r cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá
xált¶ sƠf)jfrá r xált»k]0 cŴƧ ljţfklgof, ;ƆƧsŽ] r xált»k]0 ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, cfj';á, tLlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá
leŋ' cn+ k/];+, gfn+ cųgá.
æƀLxfj';á, wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ cųgá, gfn+ k/];+. std]lx ƀLlxĠ Owfj';á, leŋ' g x]j ±vëf lvƍlg;lƃ r xált
s'þ;n];' wƙ];'¶ gá r ;'tfg+ wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált¶ wftfgť wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált¶ cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá r
xált¶ gá r sƠf)jfrá xált»k]0 gá r ;ƆƧsŽ] xált»k]0 ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, cfj';á, ƀLlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+
cųgá, gfn+ k/];+.
æƀLxfj';á wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ k/];+, gfn+ cųgá. std]lx ƀLlxĠ Owfj';á, leŋ' g x]j ±vëf lvƍlg;lƃ r xált
s'þ;n];' wƙ];'¶ gá r ;'tfg+ wƙfg+ wf/)hŽltsŽ] xált¶ gá r wftfg+ wƙfg+ cŴ"kkl/lŋtf xált¶ gá r cŴdţfo wƙdţfo
wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá xált¶ sƠf)jfrá r xált sƠf)jfŊ/±)ëf kál/of jfrfo ;dƉfutá ljƧŪfo cg]nuńfo cŴƧ ljţfklgof¶ ;ƆƧsŽ]
r xált ;dfbksŽ] ;d'ų]hsŽ] ;ƕx+;sŽ] ;Ɣƪrf/Lg+. Od]lx ±vëf, cfj';á, ƀLlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutá leŋ' cn+ k/];+, gfn+ cųgáÆlt.
cŪd+.

9= kl/xfg;'ų+
79= æclŪd], leŋj], wƙf ;]vƧ leŋ'gá kl/xfgfo ;+jųlƃ. std] cŪĠ sƙf/fdtf, eƧf/fdtf, lgŹf/fdtf,
;śl)sŽ/fdtf, OlƇo];' cu'ųƀf/tf, eáhg] cdųţ'tf, ;+;Ʈf/fdtf, kkťf/fdtf - Od] ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ wƙf ;]vƧ leŋ'gá
kl/xfgfo ;+jųlƃ.
æclŪd], leŋj], wƙf ;]vƧ leŋ'gá ckl/xfgfo ;+jųlƃ. std] cŪĠ g sƙf/fdtf, g eƧf/fdtf, g lgŹf/fdtf, g
;śl)sŽ/fdtf, OlƇo];' u'ųƀf/tf, eáhg] dųţ'tf, c;+;Ʈf/fdtf, lgƍkťf/fdtf - Od] ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ wƙf ;]vƧ leŋ'gá
ckl/xfgfo ;+jųƃLÆlt. gjd+.

10= s'þ;Ltf/ƘjŴ';'ų+
80= û æclŪdflg leŋj], s'þ;LtjŴ"lg. stdflg cŪĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ'gf sƙ+ sųƑ+ xált. tƧ Pj+ xált - ‘sƙ+ ±vëf
d] sųƑ+ eljƧlt. sƙ+ ±vëf kg d] s/áƃƧ sŽoá lsnldƧlt. xƆfx+ lgkşŽdL’lt. ;á lgkşlt, g jLl/o+ cf/elt cƍųƧ klųof
cglwutƧ clwudfo c;lŞstƧ ;lŞlsl/ofo. Ob+, leŋj], k&d+ s'þ;LtjŴ'.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ'gf sƙ+ st+ xált. tƧ Pj+ xált - ‘cx+ ±vëf sƙ+ csŽƸ;. sƙ+ ±vëf kg d] s/áƃƧ sŽoá
lsnƃá. xƆfx+ lgkşŽdL’lt. ;á lgkşlt, g jLl/o+ cf/elt cƍųƧ klųof cglwutƧ clwudfo c;lŞstƧ ;lŞlsl/ofo.
Ob+, leŋj], b'lto+ s'þ;LtjŴ'.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ'gf d±Ʈëf uƃƑá xált. tƧ Pj+ xált - ‘d±Ʈëf d] uƃƑá eljƧlt. dƮ+ ±vëf kg d] uŞƃƧ sŽoá
lsnldƧlt. xƆfx+ lgkşŽdL’lt. ;á lgkşlt, g jLl/o+ cf/elt cƍųƧ klųof cglwutƧ clwudfo c;lŞstƧ ;lŞlsl/ofo.
Ob+, leŋj], tlto+ s'þ;LtjŴ'.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ'gf d±Ʈëf utá xált. tƧ Pj+ xált - ‘cx+ ±vëf dƮ+ cudfƸ;. dƮ+ ±vëf kg d] uŞƃƧ sŽoá
lsnƃá. xƆfx+ lgkşŽdL’lt. ;á lgkşlt, g jLl/o+ cf/elt cƍųƧ klųof cglwutƧ clwudfo c;lŞstƧ ;lŞlsl/ofo. Ob+
leŋj], rt'Ŵ+ s'þ;LtjŴ'.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ' ufd+ jf lgud+ jf lkůfo r/ƃá g nelt n"vƧ jf k)LtƧ jf eáhgƧ ofjbŴ+ kfl/k"Ƹ/. tƧ
Pj+ xált - ‘cx+ ±vëf ufd+ jf lgud+ jf lkůfo r/ƃá gfnŴ+ n"vƧ jf k)LtƧ jf eáhgƧ ofjbŴ+ kfl/k"Ƹ/. tƧ d] sŽoá lsnƃá
csƙţá. xƆfx+ lgkşŽdL’lt. ;á lgkşlt, g jLl/o+ cf/elt»k]0 Ob+, leŋj], kťd+ s'þ;LtjŴ'.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ' ufd+ jf lgud+ jf lkůfo r/ƃá nelt n"vƧ jf k)LtƧ jf eáhgƧ ofjbŴ+ kfl/k"Ƹ/. tƧ
Pj+ xált - ‘cx+ ±vëf ufd+ jf lgud+ jf lkůfo r/ƃá cnŴ+ n"vƧ jf k)LtƧ jf eáhgƧ ofjbŴ+ kfl/k"Ƹ/. tƧ d] sŽoá u?sŽ]
csƙţá df;flrt+ dţ]. xƆfx+ lgkşŽdL’lt. ;á lgkşlt, g jLl/o+ cf/elt»k]0 Ob+, leŋj], %Ū+ s'þ;LtjŴ'.

49
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ'gá pƍƉá xált cƍdųsŽ] cfaf±wëf. tƧ Pj+ xált - ‘pƍƉá ±vëf d] co+ cƍdųsŽ] cfaf±wëf clŴ
sƍá lgklşt'+. xƆfx+ lgkşŽdL’lt. ;á lgkşlt, g jLl/o+ cf/elt»k]0 Ob+, leŋj], ;ųd+ s'þ;LtjŴ'.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ' lunfgf j'lŪtá û xált clr/j'lŪtá ±uënţf. tƧ Pj+ xált - ‘cx+ ±vëf lunfgf j'lŪtá
clr/j'lŪtá ±uënţf. tƧ d] sŽoá b'Ƒná csƙţá. xƆfx+ lgkşŽdL’lt ;á lgkşlt, g jLl/o+ cf/elt cƍųƧ klųof cglwutƧ
clwudfo c;lŞstƧ ;lŞlsl/ofo. Ob+, leŋj], cŪd+ s'þ;LtjŴ'. Odflg ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ s'þ;LtjŴ"lg.
û æclŪdflg leŋj], cf/ƘjŴ"lg. stdflg cŪĠ Ow, leŋj], leŋ'gf sƙ+ sųƑ+ xált. tƧ Pj+ xált - ‘sƙ+ ±vëf d]
sųƑ+ eljƧlt. sƙ+ ±vëf dof s/áƃ]g g ;'s/+ a'źfg+ ;f;g+ dgl; sŽt'+. xƆfx+ klsŝ]j jLl/o+ cf/efld cƍųƧ klųof
cglwutƧ clwudfo c;lŞstƧ ;lŞlsl/ofof’lt. ;á jLl/o+ cf/elt cƍųƧ klųof cglwutƧ clwudfo c;lŞstƧ
;lŞlsl/ofo. Ob+, leŋj], k&d+ cf/ƘjŴ'.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ'gf sƙ+ st+ xált. tƧ Pj+ xált - ‘cx+ ±vëf sƙ+ csŽƸ;. sƙ+ ±vëf kgfx+ s/áƃá gf;Ƹŋ a'źfg+
;f;g+ dgl; sŽt'+. xƆfx+ jLl/o+ cf/efld cƍųƧ klųof cglwutƧ clwudfo c;lŞstƧ ;lŞlsl/ofof’lt. ;á jLl/o+
cf/elt. Ob+, leŋj], b'lto+ cf/ƘjŴ'.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ'gf d±Ʈëf uƃƑá xált. tƧ Pj+ xált - d±Ʈëf ±vëf d] uƃƑá eljƧlt. dƮ+ ±vëf kg d] uŞƃ]g g
;'s/+ a'źfg+ ;f;g+ dgl; sŽt'+. xƆfx+ jLl/o+»k]0 Ob+, leŋj], tlto+ cf/ƘjŴ'.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ'gf d±Ʈëf utá xált. tƧ Pj+ xált - cx+ ±vëf dƮ+ cudfƸ;. dƮ+ ±vëf kgfx+ uŞƃá gf;Ƹŋ
a'źfg+ ;f;g+ dgl; sŽt'+. xƆfx+ jLl/o+ cf/efld»k]0 Ob+, leŋj], rt'Ŵ+ cf/ƘjŴ'.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ' ufd+ jf lgud+ jf lkůfo r/ƃá g nelt n"vƧ jf k)LtƧ jf eáhgƧ ofjbŴ+ kfl/k"Ƹ/. tƧ
Pj+ xált - cx+ ±vëf ufd+ jf lgud+ jf lkůfo r/ƃá gfnŴ+ n"vƧ jf k)LtƧ jf eáhgƧ ofjbŴ+ kfl/k"Ƹ/. tƧ d] sŽoá nx'sŽ]
sƙţá. xƆfx+ jLl/o+ cf/efld»k]0 Ob+, leŋj], kťd+ cf/ƘjŴ'.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ' ufd+ jf lgud+ jf lkůfo r/ƃá nelt n"vƧ jf k)LtƧ jf eáhgƧ ofjbŴ+ kfl/k"Ƹ/. tƧ
Pj+ xált - cx+ ±vëf ufd+ jf lgud+ jf lkůfo r/ƃá cnŴ+ n"vƧ jf k)LtƧ jf eáhgƧ ofjbŴ+ kfl/k"Ƹ/. tƧ d] sŽoá anjf
sƙţá. xƆfx+ jLl/o+ cf/efld»k]0 Ob+, leŋj], %Ū+ cf/ƘjŴ'.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ'gá pƍƉá xált cƍdųsŽ] cfaf±wëf. tƧ Pj+ xált - pƍƉá ±vëf d] co+ cƍdųsŽ] cfaf±wëf. &fg+
±vëf kg]t+ ljşlt o+ d] cfaf±wëf kjŬ]Ɯ. xƆfx+ klsŝ]j jLl/o+ cf/efld»k]0 Ob+, leŋj], ;ųd+ cf/ƘjŴ'.
æk'g rk/+, leŋj], leŋ' lunfgf j'lŪtá xált clr/j'lŪtá ±uënţf. tƧ Pj+ xált - ‘cx+ ±vëf lunfgf j'lŪtá
clr/j'lŪtá ±uënţf. &fg+ ±vëf kg]t+ ljşlt o+ d] cfaf±wëf kŝ'bfjų]Ɯ. xƆfx+ klsŝ]j jLl/o+ cf/efld cƍųƧ klųof cglwutƧ
clwudfo c;lŞstƧ ;lŞlsl/ofof’lt. ;á jLl/o+ cf/elt cƍųƧ klųof cglwutƧ clwudfo c;lŞstƧ ;lŞlsl/ofo. Ob+,
leŋj], cŪd+ cf/ƘjŴ'. Odflg ±vëf, leŋj], cŪ cf/ƘjŴ"gLÆlt. b;d+.

odsj±Ʈëf tltoá.

tƧ'Źfg+ -
ƀ] ;źf ƀ] d/)ƧtL, ƀ] ;ƕbf cyfk/].
OŞf cn+ kl/xfg+, s'þ;Ltf/ƘjŴ"gLltĶ

‘9’ 4= ;ltj±Ʈëf

1= ;lt;ƕhţ;'ų+
81= æ;lt;ƕhţ] leŋj], c;lt ;lt;ƕhţljkƉƧ xt"klg;+ xált lx/áųƍ+. lx/áųƍ] c;lt lx/áųƍljkƉƧ xt"klg;á
xált OlƇo;+j/á. OlƇo;+j/] c;lt OlƇo;+j/ljkƉƧ xt"klg;+ xált ;Ln+. ;Ln] c;lt ;LnljkƉƧ xt"klg;á xált ;ƙf;dflw.
;ƙf;dflwlƛ c;lt ;ƙf;dflwljkƉƧ xt"klg;+ xált oyfe"t`f)bƧg+. oyfe"t`f)bƧg] c;lt oyfe"t`f)bƧgljkƉƧ xt"klg;á
xált lglƑbflj/f±uëf. lglƑbflj/f±uë c;lt lglƑbflj/fuljkƉƧ xt"klg;+ xált ljd'lų`f)bƧg+. ;]Ɯyflk, leŋj], ?ŋá
;fvfknf;ljkƉá. tƧ kklsŽlk g kfl/k"Ƹ/ uŞlt, trálk» m]þƮ'lk» ;f/álk g kfl/k"Ƹ/ uŞlt. Pjd]j+ ±vëf, leŋj],
;lt;ƕhţ] c;lt ;lt;ƕhţljkƉƧ xt"klg;+ xált lx/áųƍ+¶ lx/áųƍ] c;lt lx/áųƍljkƉƧ xt"klg;á xált»k]0
ljd'lų`f)bƧg+.
æ;lt;ƕhţ], leŋj], ;lt ;lt;ƕhţ;ƕƉƧ pklg;;ƕƉ+ xált lx/áųƍ+. lx/áųƍ] ;lt lx/áųƍ;ƕƉƧ pklg;;ƕƉá
xált OlƇo;+j/á. OlƇo;+j/] ;lt OlƇo;+j/;ƕƉƧ pklg;;ƕƉ+ xált ;Ln+. ;Ln] ;lt ;Ln;ƕƉƧ pklg;;ƕƉá xált
;ƙf;dflw. ;ƙf;dflwlƛ ;lt ;ƙf;dflw;ƕƉƧ pklg;;ƕƉ+ xált oyfe"t`f)bƧg+. oyfe"t`f)bƧg] ;lt oyfe"t`f)bƧg;ƕƉƧ
pklg;;ƕƉá xált lglƑbflj/f±uëf lglƑbflj/f±uë ;lt lglƑbflj/fu;ƕƉƧ pklg;;ƕƉ+ xált ljd'lų`f)bƧg+. ;]Ɯyflk, leŋj],
?ŋá ;fvfknf;;ƕƉá. tƧ kklsŽlk kfl/k"Ƹ/ uŞlt, trálk» m]þƮ'lk» ;f/álk kfl/k"Ƹ/ uŞlt. Pjd]j+ ±vëf, leŋj],
;lt;ƕhţ] ;lt ;lt;ƕhţ;ƕƉƧ pklg;;ƕƉ+ xált lx/áųƍ+¶ lx/áųƍ] ;lt lx/áųƍ;ƕƉƧ pklg;;ƕƉá xált»k]0

50
ljd'lų`f)bƧgÆlƃ. k&d+.

2= k'lŰo;'ų+
82= cy ±vëf cfoƨf k'lŰoá o]g eujf t]g'k;Řld¶ pk;Řldŷf eujƃ+ clejfb]ŷf Psdƃ+ lg;Llb. Psdƃ+ lgl;Ɖá ±vëf
cfoƨf k'lŰoá eujƃ+ Ptbjár - æsŽ] g' ±vëf, eƃ], x]t' sŽ] kŝoá o]g cƍ]sbf tyfut+ wƙb];gf kleflt, cƍ]sbf g
kleftLÆltĠ æ;źá r, k'lŰo, leŋ' xált, gá r'k;Řldtf¶ g]j tyfut+ wƙb];gf kleflt. otá r ±vëf k'lŰo, leŋ' ;źá r
xált, pk;Řldtf r¶ Pj+ tyfut+ wƙb];gf kleflt. ;źá r, k'lŰo, leŋ' xált, pk;Řldtf r, gá r klo?kfl;tf»k]0
klo?kfl;tf r, gá r kl/k'lŞtf» kl/k'lŞtf r, gá r cálxt;átá wƙ+ ;')flt» cálxt;átá r wƙ+ ;')flt, gá r ;'ŷf wƙ+
wf/]lt» ;'ŷf r wƙ+ wf/]lt, gá r wftfg+ wƙfg+ cŴ+ pkkl/ŋlt» wftfgť wƙfg+ cŴ+ pkkl/ŋlt, gá r cŴdţfo wƙdţfo
wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá xált. g]j tfj tyfut+ wƙb];gf kleflt.
æotá r ±vëf, k'lŰo, leŋ' ;źá r xált, pk;Řldtf r, klo?kfl;tf r, kl/k'lŞtf r, cálxt;átá r wƙ+ ;')flt,
;'ŷf r wƙ+ wf/]lt, wftfgť wƙfg+ cŴ+ pkkl/ŋlt, cŴdţfo wƙdţfo wƙfg'wƙƍlkƉá r xált¶ Pj+ tyfut+ wƙb];gf
kleflt. Od]lx ±vëf, k'lŰo, cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutf û Psƃklefgf û tyfut+ wƙb];gf xátLÆlt. b'lto+.

3= d"ns;'ų+
83= û æ;r], leŋj], cţltlŴof kl/ƑfhsŽ Pj+ k'Ş]Ɯ'+ - ‘Ƹsd"nsŽ, cfj';á, ;Ƒ] wƙf, Ƹs;Ƙjf ;Ƒ] wƙf, Ƹs;d'bof ;Ƒ]
wƙf, Ƹs;dá;/)f ;Ƒ] wƙf, Ƹskd'vf ;Ƒ] wƙf, Ƹsclwkt]Ɯf ;Ƒ] wƙf, Ƹspų/f ;Ƒ] wƙf, Ƹs;f/f ;Ƒ] wƙf’lt, Pj+ k'Ūf t'ƛ],
leŋj], t];+ cţltlŴofg+ kl/ƑfhsŽg+ lslƃ Ɠfs/]ƜfyfÆltĠ æeuj+d"nsŽ gá, eƃ], wƙf, euj+g]lųsŽ euj+kl;/)f. ;fw', eƃ]
eujƃ+o]j kleft' PtƧ efl;tƧ cŴá. eujtá ;'ŷf leŋ" wf/]ƧƃLÆlt.
æt]g lx, leŋj], b];]Ƨfld. t+ ;')fy, ;fw's+þ dgl; s/áy¶ efl;ƧfdLÆlt æPj+, eƃ]Ælt ±vëf t] leŋ" eujtá kŝƧá;'+.
eujf Ptbjár - æ;r], leŋj], cţltlŴof kl/ƑfhsŽ Pj+ k'Ş]Ɯ'+ - ‘Ƹsd"nsŽ, cfj';á, ;Ƒ] wƙf, Ƹs;Ƙjf ;Ƒ] wƙf, Ƹs;d'bof ;Ƒ]
wƙf, Ƹs;dá;/)f ;Ƒ] wƙf, Ƹskd'vf ;Ƒ] wƙf Ƹsclwkt]Ɯf ;Ƒ] wƙf, Ƹspų/f ;Ƒ] wƙf, Ƹs;f/f ;Ƒ] wƙf’lt, Pj+ k'Ūf t'ƛ],
leŋj], t];+ cţltlŴofg+ kl/ƑfhsŽg+ Pj+ Ɠfs/]Ɯfy - ‘%Ɔd"nsŽ, cfj';á, ;Ƒ] wƙf, dgl;sŽ/;Ƙjf ;Ƒ] wƙf, mþƧ;d'bof ;Ƒ]
wƙf, j]bgf;dá;/)f ;Ƒ] wƙf, ;dflwƍd'vf ;Ƒ] wƙf, ;tflwkt]Ɯf ;Ƒ] wƙf, kţ'ų/f ;Ƒ] wƙf, ljd'lų;f/f ;Ƒ] wƙf’lt, Pj+
k'Ūf t'ƛ], leŋj], t];+ cţltlŴofg+ kl/ƑfhsŽg+ Pj+ Ɠfs/]ƜfyfÆlt. tlto+.

4= rá/;'ų+
84= æcŪlx, leŋj], cś]lx ;dƉfutá dxfrá/á lvƍ+ kl/ofkşlt, g lr/lŪltsŽ] xált. std]lx cŪlxĠ cƍx/ƃƧ
kx/lt, cgj;];+ cflbolt, OƸŴ xglt, s'þdfƸ/ b";]lt, kƑlht+ ljn'ƕlt, /fhsŽ];+ ljn'ƕlt, cŝf;Ɖ] sƙ+ s/ált, g r lgwfgs'þ;ná
xált. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪxś]lx ;dƉfutá dxfrá/á lvƍ+ kl/ofkşlt, g lr/lŪltsŽ] xált.
æcŪlx, leŋj], cś]lx ;dƉfutá dxfrá/á g lvƍ+ kl/ofkşlt, lr/lŪltsŽ] xált. std]lx cŪlxĠ g cƍx/ƃƧ
kx/lt g cgj;];+ cflbolt, g OƸŴ xglt, g s'þdfƸ/ b";]lt, g kƑlht+ ljn'ƕlt, g /fhsŽ];+ ljn'ƕlt, g cŝf;Ɖ] sƙ+ s/ált,
lgwfgs'þ;ná r xált. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪxś]lx ;dƉfutá dxfrá/á g lvƍ+ kl/ofkşlt, lr/lŪltsŽ] xátLÆlt. rt'Ŵ+.

5= ;d);'ų+
85= æ‘;d±)ëf’lt leŋj], tyfutƧ]t+ clwjrg+ c/xtá ;ƙf;Ɨ'źƧ. ‘Ɣfƪ±)ëf’lt, leŋj], tyfutƧ]t+ clwjrg+ c/xtá
;ƙf;Ɨ'źƧ. ‘j]bu"’lt, leŋj], tyfutƧ]t+ clwjrg+ c/xtá ;ƙf;Ɨ'źƧ. ‘le;ŊŽ]’lt, leŋj], tyfutƧ]t+ clwjrg+ c/xtá
;ƙf;Ɨ'źƧ. ‘lgƙná’lt, leŋj], tyfutƧ]t+ clwjrg+ c/xtá ;ƙf;Ɨ'źƧ. ‘ljdná’lt, leŋj], tyfutƧ]t+ clwjrg+ c/xtá
;ƙf;Ɨ'źƧ. ‘`f)L’lt, leŋj], tyfutƧ]t+ clwjrg+ c/xtá ;ƙf;Ɨ'źƧ. ‘ljd'ųá’lt, leŋj], tyfutƧ]t+ clwjrg+ c/xtá
;ƙf;Ɨ'źƧfÆlt.
æo+ ;d±)ëg kųƑ+, Ɣfƪ±)ëg j';Ldtf.
o+ j]bu'gf kųƑ+, le;Ŋ]þg cg'ų/+Ķ
æo+ lgƙn]g kųƑ+, ljdn]g ;'rLdtf.
o+ `fl)gf r kųƑ+, ljd'ų]g cg'ų/+Ķ
æ;áx+ ljlht;śfdá, d'ųá dár]ld aƈgf.
gf±uëflƛ k/dbƃá, c;]±vëf kl/lgƑ'táÆltĶ kťd+.

51
6= o;;'ų+
86= Ps+þ ;do+ eujf sŽ];n];' rfl/s+þ r/dfgá dxtf leŋ';Ŝ]g ;Ƹź o]g OŞfgśn+ gfd sŽ];nfg+ Ɣfƪ)ufdá tbj;l/.
tŶ ;'b+ eujf OŞfgśn] ljx/lt OŞfgśnjg;ů]. cƧá;'+ ±vëf OŞfgśnsŽ Ɣfƪ)uxkltsŽ - æ;d±)ëf vn' eá ±uëftdá ;Ōk'ųá
;Ōs'þnf kƑlhtá OŞfgśn+ cg'ƍųá OŞfgśn] ljx/lt OŞfgśnjg;ů] t+ ±vëf kg ejƃ+ ±uëftd+ Pj+ sƠf±)ëf lslų;Źá cư'Ʈtá -
‘Oltlk ;á eujf c/x+ ;ƙf;Ɨ'źá»k]0 ;fw' ±vëf kg tyf¿kfg+ c/xt+ bƧg+ xátL’Ælt.
cy ±vëf OŞfgśnsŽ Ɣfƪ)uxkltsŽ tƧf /lųof cŝo]g kx't+ vfbgLo+ eáhgLo+ cfbfo o]g OŞfgśnjg;ůá t]g'k;ŘƸd;'¶
pk;Řldŷf alxƀf/sŽ]Ūs]þ cŪ+;' pŝf;Źf dxf;Źf. t]g ±vëf kg ;do]g cfoƨf gflutá eujtá pkŪfsŽ] xált. cy ±vëf eujf
cfoƨƃ+ gflut+ cfdƃ]l; - æs]þ kg t], gflut, pŝf;Źf dxf;Źf s]þjũf dţ] dŞljnák]ÆltĠ æPt], eƃ], OŞfgśnsŽ Ɣfƪ)uxkltsŽ
kx't+ vfbgLo+ eáhgLo+ cfbfo alxƀf/sŽ]Ūs]þ l&tf eujƃ+o]j plŹƧ leŋ';ŜťfÆlt. ædfx+, gflut, o;]g ;dfud+, df r dof
o;á. oá ±vëf, gflut, glodƧ g]ŋƙ;'vƧ kljj]s;'vƧ pk;d;'vƧ ;Ɨáw;'vƧ lgsŽdnfeL cƧ clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL. oƧfx+
g]ŋƙ;'vƧ kljj]s;'vƧ pk;d;'vƧ ;Ɨáw;'vƧ lgsŽdnfeL û clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL, ;á t+ dLŃÜ;'v+ ldź;'v+ nfe;ŊŽ/l;nás;'v+
;flbo]ƜfÆlt.
æclwjf;]t' bflg, eƃ], eujf. clwjf;]t' ;'utá. clwjf;gsŽná bflg, eƃ], eujtá. o]g o]g]j bflg, eƃ], eujf
uldƧlt tlƉƉfj eljƧlƃ Ɣfƪ)uxkltsŽ g]udf r]j hŽgkbf r. ;]Ɯyflk eƃ], y'Ɵm'þl;ts]þ b]j] jƧƃ] oyflgƉ+ pbsŽlg kjųlƃ¶
Pjd]j+ ±vëf, eƃ], o]g o]g]j bflg eujf uldƧlt tlƉƉfj eljƧlƃ Ɣfƪ)uxkltsŽ g]udf r]j hŽgkbf r. t+ lsƧ x]t'Ġ tyf lx,
eƃ], eujtá ;Lnkţf)Ælƃ.
ædfx+, gflut, o;]g ;dfud+, df r dof o;á. oá ±vëf, gflut, glodƧ g]ŋƙ;'vƧ kljj]s;'vƧ pk;d;'vƧ
;Ɨáw;'vƧ lgsŽdnfeL cƧ clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL. oƧfx+ g]ŋƙ;'vƧ kljj]s;'vƧ pk;d;'vƧ ;Ɨáw;'vƧ lgsŽdnfeL clsŞnfeL
csl;/nfeL, ;á t+ dLŃÜ;'v+ ldź;'v+ nfe;ŊŽ/l;nás;'v+ ;flbo]Ɯ.
æb]jtflk ±vëf, gflut, Psŝf glodƧ û g]ŋƙ;'vƧ kljj]s;'vƧ pk;d;'vƧ ;Ɨáw;'vƧ lgsŽdnflelgoá cƧ' û
clsŞnflelgoá û csl;/nflelgoá, oƧfx+ g]ŋƙ;'vƧ kljj]s;'vƧ pk;d;'vƧ ;Ɨáw;'vƧ lgsŽdnfeL clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL.
t'ƛfslƕ û ±vëf, gflut, ;śƙ ;dfuƙ ;śl)sljxf/+ cg'o'ųfg+ ljx/t+ û Pj+ xált - ‘g lx g"gd] û cfoƨƃá OdƧ g]ŋƙ;'vƧ
kljj]s;'vƧ pk;d;'vƧ ;Ɨáw;'vƧ lgsŽdnflegá cƧ' û clsŞnflegá csl;/nflegá. oƧfx+ g]ŋƙ;'vƧ kljj]s;'vƧ pk;d;'vƧ
;Ɨáw;'vƧ lgsŽdnfeL clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL. tyf lx kg d] cfoƨƃá ;śƙ ;dfuƙ ;śl)sljxf/+ cg'o'ųf ljx/lƃ’Æ.
æOwfx+ gflut, leŋ" kƧfld cţdţ+ cś'lnktábs]þg û ;ŧŔƃ] ;ŘLńƃ]. tƧ dƞ+, gflut, Pj+ xált - ‘g lx g"gd]
cfoƨƃá OdƧ g]ŋƙ;'vƧ kljj]s;'vƧ pk;d;'vƧ ;Ɨáw;'vƧ lgsŽdnflegá cƧ' clsŞnflegá csl;/nflegá. oƧfx+ g]ŋƙ;'vƧ
kljj]s;'vƧ pk;d;'vƧ ;Ɨáw;'vƧ lgsŽdnfeL clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL. tyf lx kg d] cfoƨƃá cţdţ+ cś'lnktábs]þg ;ŧŔlƃ
;ŘLńlƃ’Æ.
æOw kgfx+ û , gflut, leŋ" kƧfld ofjbŴ+ pb/fjb]xs+þ e'lŧŷf ;]Ɯ;'v+ kƧ;'v+ ldź;'v+ cg'o'ų] ljx/ƃ]. tƧ dƞ+,
gflut, Pj+ xált - ‘g lx g"gd] cfoƨƃá OdƧ g]ŋƙ;'vƧ kljj]s;'vƧ pk;d;'vƧ ;Ɨáw;'vƧ lgsŽdnflegá cƧ' clsŞnflegá
csl;/nflegá. oƧfx+ g]ŋƙ;'vƧ kljj]s;'vƧ pk;d;'vƧ ;Ɨáw;'vƧ lgsŽdnfeL clsŞnfeL csl;/nfeL. tyf lx kg d]
cfoƨƃá ofjbŴ+ pb/fjb]xs+þ e'lŧŷf ;]Ɯ;'v+ kƧ;'v+ ldź;'v+ cg'o'ųf ljx/lƃ’Æ.
æOwfx+ û , gflut, leŋ'+ kƧfld ufdƃljxfƸ/ ;dflxt+ lgl;Ɖ+. tƧ dƞ+, gflut, Pj+ xált - ‘Obflg Od+ û cfoƨƃ+
cf/fldsŽ] jf pkŪlxƧlt û ;d)'Ź];á jf t+ tƛf û ;dflwƛf rfj]ƧtL’lt. t]gfx+ gflut, tƧ leŋ'gá g cųdgá xáld
ufdƃljxf/]g.
æOw kgfx+, gflut, leŋ'+ kƧfld cf/lţs+þ c/ţ] krnfodfg+ lgl;Ɖ+. tƧ dƞ+, gflut, Pj+ xált - ‘Obflg codfoƨf
Od+ lgŹflsndy+ klljgáb]ŷf c/ţ;ţ+o]j dgl; sl/Ƨlt Psų’lƃ t]gfx+ gflut, tƧ leŋ'gá cųdgá xáld c/ţljxf/]g.
æOw kgfx+, gflut, leŋ'+ kƧfld cf/lţs+þ c/ţ] c;dflxt+ lgl;Ɖ+. tƧ dƞ+, gflut, Pj+ xált - ‘Obflg codfoƨf
c;dflxt+ jf lrų+ ;dfblxƧlt û , ;dflxt+ jf lrų+ cg'/lŋƧtL’lt. t]gfx+, gflut, tƧ leŋ'gá cųdgá xáld c/ţljxf/]g.
æOw kgfx+, gflut, leŋ'+ kƧfld cf/lţs+þ c/ţ] ;dflxt+ lgl;Ɖ+. tƧ dƞ+, gflut, Pj+ xált - ‘Obflg codfoƨf
cljd'ų+ jf lrų+ ljd'lŝƧlt, ljd'ų+ jf lrų+ cg'/lŋƧtL’lt. t]gfx+, gflut, tƧ leŋ'gá cųdgá xáld c/ţljxf/]g.
æOw kgfx+, gflut, leŋ'+ kƧfld ufdƃljxfƸ/ nfƸe rLj/lkůkft;]gf;glunfgkŝoe];şkl/ŋf/fg+. ;á t+
nfe;ŊŽ/l;nás+þ lgsŽdodfgá l/ťlt kl;Ɵfg+, l/ťlt c/ţjgkŴflg kƃflg ;]gf;gflg¶ ufdlgud/fhwfƸg cá;l/ŷf jf;+ sƍ]lt.
t]gfx+, gflut, tƧ leŋ'gá g cųdgá xáld ufdƃljxf/]g.
æOw kgfx+, gflut, leŋ'+ kƧfld cf/lţs+þ nfƸe rLj/lkůkft;]gf;glunfgkŝoe];şkl/ŋf/fg+. ;á t+ nfe;ŊŽ/l;nás+þ
klk)fd]ŷf g l/ťlt kl;Ɵfg+, g l/ťlt c/ţjgkŴflg kƃflg ;]gf;gflg. t]gfx+, gflut, tƧ leŋ'gá cųdgá xáld
c/ţljxf/]g. û
æoƨfx+ û , gflut, ;do] cźfgdƮƍlkƉá g slť kƧfld k'/tá jf kŞtá jf, mþf;' d], gflut, tƸƨ ;do] xált
cƃd;á pŝf/kƧfjsƙfofÆlt. %Ū+.

7= kųlgs'þşg;'ų+
87= û æcŪlx leŋj], cś]lx ;dƉfutƧ pkf;sƧ cfsřdfgá ;Ŝá kų+ lgŊ'þş]Ɯ û . std]lx cŪlxĠ leŋ"g+ cnfefo

52
kl/;Ŋlt, leŋ"g+ cgŴfo kl/;Ŋlt, leŋ"g+ cjf;fo û kl/;Ŋlt, leŋ" cŊŽ];lt kl/ef;lt, leŋ" leŋ"lx e]b]lt û , a'źƧ cjŰ+
ef;lt, wƙƧ cjŰ+ ef;lt, ;ŜƧ cjŰ+ ef;lt. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪxś]lx ;dƉfutƧ pkf;sƧ cfsřdfgá ;Ŝá kų+ lgŊ'þş]Ɯ.
æcŪlx, leŋj], cś]lx ;dƉfutƧ pkf;sƧ cfsřdfgá ;Ŝá kų+ pŊ'þş]Ɯ. std]lx cŪlxĠ g leŋ"g+ cnfefo
kl/;Ŋlt, g leŋ"g+ cgŴfo kl/;Ŋlt, g leŋ"g+ cjf;fo kl/;Ŋlt, g leŋ" cŊŽ];lt kl/ef;lt, g leŋ" leŋ"lx e]b]lt, a'źƧ jŰ+
ef;lt, wƙƧ jŰ+ ef;lt, ;ŜƧ jŰ+ ef;lt. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪxś]lx ;dƉfutƧ pkf;sƧ cfsřdfgá ;Ŝá kų+
pŊ'þş]ƜfÆlt. ;ųd+.

8= cƍ;fbkj]bgLo;'ų+
88= æcŪlx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutƧ leŋ'gá cfsřdfgf pkf;sŽ cƍ;fb+ kj]b]Ɯ'+. std]lx cŪlxĠ luxLg+ cnfefo
kl/;Ŋlt, luxLg+ cgŴfo kl/;Ŋlt, luxL cŊŽ];lt kl/ef;lt, luxL luxLlx e]b]lt, a'źƧ cjŰ+ ef;lt, wƙƧ cjŰ+ ef;lt, ;ŜƧ
cjŰ+ ef;lt, c±uëfr/] r g+ kƧlƃ. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutƧ leŋ'gá cfsřdfgf pkf;sŽ cƍ;fb+ kj]b]Ɯ'+.
æcŪlx leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutƧ leŋ'gá cfsřdfgf pkf;sŽ k;fb+ kj]b]Ɯ'+. std]lx cŪlxĠ g luxLg+ cnfefo
kl/;Ŋlt, g luxLg+ cgŴfo kl/;Ŋlt, g luxL cŊŽ];lt kl/ef;lt, g luxL luxLlx e]b]lt, a'źƧ jŰ+ ef;lt, wƙƧ jŰ+ ef;lt,
;ŜƧ jŰ+ ef;lt, ±uëfr/] r g+ kƧlƃ. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj] cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutƧ leŋ'gá cfsřdfgf pkf;sŽ k;fb+ kj]b]Ɯ'Ælƃ.
cŪd+.

9= kl;f/)Lo;'ų+
89= û æcŪlx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutƧ leŋ'gá cfsřdfgá ;Ŝá kl;f/)Losƙ+ s/]Ɯ. std]lx cŪlxĠ luxLg+
cnfefo kl/;Ŋlt, luxLg+ cgŴfo kl/;Ŋlt, luxL cŊŽ];lt kl/ef;lt, luxL luxLlx e]b]lt, a'źƧ cjŰ+ ef;lt, wƙƧ cjŰ+
ef;lt, ;ŜƧ cjŰ+ ef;lt, wlƙsť lulxklƧj+ g ;ŝfk]lt. Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutƧ leŋ'gá cfsřdfgá ;Ŝá
kl;f/)Lo+ sƙ+ s/]Ɯ.
æcŪlx, leŋj], wƙ]lx ;dƉfutƧ leŋ'gá cfsřdfgá ;Ŝá kl;f/)Losƙ+ klƍƧƘ]Ɯ. std]lx cŪlxĠ g luxLg+
cnfefo kl/;Ŋlt, g luxLg+ cgŴfo kl/;Ŋlt, g luxL cŊŽ];lt kl/ef;lt, g luxL luxLlx e]b]lt, a'źƧ jŰ+ ef;lt, wƙƧ jŰ+
ef;lt, ;ŜƧ jŰ+ ef;lt, wlƙsť lulxklƧj+ ;ŝfk]lt Od]lx ±vëf, leŋj], cŪlx wƙ]lx ;dƉfutƧ leŋ'gá cfsřdfgá ;Ŝá
kl;f/)Losƙ+ klƍƧƘ]ƜfÆlt. gjd+.

10= ;ƙfjųg;'ų+
90= û ætƧkflkol;ssƙst]g, leŋj], leŋ'gf cŪ;' wƙ];' ;ƙf jlųtƑ+ - g pk;ƕfb]tƑá, g lgƧoá bftƑá, g
;fd±)ë/á pkŪfk]tƑá, g leŋ'gájfbs;ƙ'lt ;flbtƑf, ;ƙt]glk leŋ'lgoá g cájlbtƑf, g sŽlr ;Ŝ;ƙ'lt ;flbtƑf, g lslƨlť
kŝ]sŪfg] &k]tƑá, g r t]g d"n]g j'Ūfk]tƑá. tƧkflkol;ssƙst]g, leŋj], leŋ'gf Od];' cŪ;' wƙ];' ;ƙf jlųtƑÆlƃ. b;d+.

;ltj±Ʈëf rt'Ŵá.

tƧ'Źfg+ -
;ltk'lŰod"n]g rá/;d±)ëg kťd+.
o;á kųƍ;fb]g, kl;f/)Loť jųglƃĶ

‘10’ 5= ;fdţj±Ʈëf
91_116= cy ±vëf û aáŢf û pkfl;sŽ û , l;/Ldf, kb'df, ;'tgf û , dg'hŽ, pų/f, d'ųf, ±vëdf, ?rL û , r'ƆL,
laƗL, ;'dgf, dlƟsŽ ltƧf, ltƧdftf û , ;á)f, ;á)fo dftf û , sŽ)f, sŽ)dftf û , pų/f gƆdftf, lj;fvf lduf/dftf,
v'ş'ų/f pkfl;sŽ, ;fdfjtL pkfl;sŽ, ;'ƍjf;f sŽ]lnowLtf û , ;'lƍof pkfl;sŽ, gs'þndftf uxktfgL.

;fdţj±Ʈëf kťdá.

b'ltokŰf;s+þ ;dų+.

53
‘11’= /fuk]Ɯfn+
117= æ/fuƧ leŋj], cleţfo cŪ wƙf efj]tƑf. std] cŪĠ ;ƙflblŪ, ;ƙf;Řƍá, ;ƙfjfrf, ;ƙfsƙƃá, ;ƙfcfhLjá,
;ƙfjfofdá, ;ƙf;lt, ;ƙf;dflw - /fuƧ, leŋj], cleţfo Od] cŪ wƙf efj]tƑfÆlt.
118= æ/fuƧ, leŋj], cleţfo cŪ wƙf efj]tƑf. std] cŪĠ cŢų+ ¿k;ţL alxźf ¿kflg kƧlt kl/ųflg
;'jŰb'ƑŰflg, tflg clee'Ɯ ‘hŽgfld kƧfdL’lt Pj+;ţL xált. cŢų+ ¿k;ţL alxźf ¿kflg kƧlt cƍdf)flg ;'jŰb'ƑŰflg, tflg
clee'Ɯ ‘hŽgfld kƧfdL’lt Pj+;ţL xált. cŢų+ c¿k;ţL alxźf ¿kflg kƧlt kl/ųflg ;'jŰb'ƑŰflg, tflg clee'Ɯ ‘hŽgfld
kƧfdL’lt Pj+;ţL xált. cŢų+ c¿k;ţL alxźf ¿kflg kƧlt cƍdf)flg ;'jŰb'ƑŰflg, tflg clee'Ɯ ‘hŽgfld kƧfdL’lt Pj+;ţL
xált. cŢų+ c¿k;ţL alxźf ¿kflg kƧlt gLnflg gLnjŰflg gLnlgbƧgflg gLnlgef;flg kLtflg kLtjŰflg»k]0 nálxtsŽlg
nálxtsjŰflg»k]0 cábftflg cábftjŰflg»k]0 cábftlgef;flg, tflg clee'Ɯ ‘hŽgfld kƧfdL’lt Pj+;ţL xált - /fuƧ, leŋj],
cleţfo Od] cŪ wƙf efj]tƑfÆ.
119= æ/fuƧ, leŋj], cleţfo cŪ wƙf efj]tƑf. std] cŪĠ ¿kL ¿kflg kƧlt, cŢų+ c¿k;ţL alxźf ¿kflg
kƧlt, ;'eƃ]j clwd'ųá xált, ;Ƒ;á ¿k;ţfg+ ;dltŊdf kl#;ţfg+ cŴśdf gfgų;ţfg+ cdgl;sŽ/f ‘cgƃá cfsŽ;á’lt
cfsŽ;fgťfotg+ pk;ƕş ljx/lt, ;Ƒ;á cfsŽ;fgťfotg+ ;dltŊƙ ‘cgƃ+ ljţf)’lƃ ljţf)ťfotg+ pk;ƕş ljx/lt, ;Ƒ;á
ljţf)ťfotg+ ;dltŊƙ ‘glŴ lsťL’lt cflsťţfotg+ pk;ƕş ljx/lt, ;Ƒ;á cflsťţfotg+ ;dltŊƙ g]j;ţfgf;ţfotg+ pk;ƕş
ljx/lt, ;Ƒ;á g]j;ţfgf;ţfotg+ ;dltŊƙ ;ţfj]blotlg/áw+ pk;ƕş ljx/lt - /fuƧ, leŋj], cleţfo Od] cŪ wƙf
efj]tƑfÆ.
120_146= æ/fuƧ leŋj], kl/ţfo»k]0 kl/ŋofo» kxfgfo» vofo» jofo» lj/fufo» lg/áwfo» rfufo»
kllgƧƮfo»k]0 Od] cŪ wƙf efj]tƑfÆ.
147_626= æbá;Ƨ»k]0 dáxƧ» sŽ]wƧ» pkgfxƧ» dŋƧ» kńf;Ƨ» OƧfo» dŞl/oƧ dfofo» ;f±&ëƜƧ»
yƘƧ» ;f/ƘƧ» dfgƧ» cltdfgƧ» dbƧ» kdfbƧ cleţfo»k]0 kl/ţfo» kl/ŋofo» kxfgfo» vofo» jofo»
lj/fufo» lg/áwfo» rfufo» kllgƧƮfo»k]0 Od] cŪ wƙf efj]tƑfÆlt.

/fuk]Ɯfn+ lglŪt+.

cŪslgkftkflń lglŪtf.

54

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