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Saints and Church Spaces in the Late Antique Mediterranean: Architecture, Cult,
and Community. By Ann Marie Yasin. Cambridge University Press, 2009. 360
pages. $99.00.
Ann Marie Yasin’s Saints and Church Spaces in the Late Antique
Mediterranean is the first systematic study of the architectural context for saints
that takes into account evidence from the entire Mediterranean basin. This work
goes far beyond a traditional architectural analysis and argues for the central
role of saints at the intersection of architecture, commemoration, ritual life, and
community organization in the Late Antique church. Yasin framed her
discussion amidst theoretical perspectives ranging from the work of P. Bourdieu
and M. de Certeau on practice to M. Eliade’s well-known meditations on the
nature of sacred space. These theorists provided the backdrop for arguments
grounded in archaeological, epigraphic, and to a lesser extent, literary evidence
with a particular emphasis on the important corpus of ecclesiastical architecture
from North Africa. The book represents an important synthetic study on the
function of sacred space within an Early Christian context.
In chapters five and six, Yasin explored the way in which saints created
and transformed Christian space. These two chapters provided a clear and
synthetic conclusion to her earlier arguments by focusing exclusively on the
question: “what do saints do in church”. She argued that saints reminded the
congregation that the church was commemorative space, and commemoration
produced a kind of social cohesion that reified the Christian practice of communal
prayer. The presence of saints in church buildings, however, did not simply evoke
historical memory, but also invoked Christian holiness in distinctly historical,
spatial, and physical ways. The real or imagined bodies of saints among believers
helped to articulate the relationship between the Christian community and the
heavenly realm. Saints within the church made the proximate spiritual, social,
and ritual hierarchy part of a cosmological continuum of authority and power. If
Peter Brown’s landmark, Cult of the Saints (Chicago 1981) introduced the idea
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that saints were the heavenly patrons for the Christian community, Yasin has
shown that Christian architecture played a key role in communicating these new
relationships to the community.
The western focus of Yasin’s book does help her work avoid one of the more
vexing problems associated with any synthetic study of Early Christian
architecture: the incomplete knowledge of the liturgy. While few scholars
consider liturgy to be the sole influence on a buildings form, liturgical influences,
as well as local traditions and ecclesiastical structure, did shape the relationship
between the clergy, the congregation, and sacred space. In fact, this is clear in the
idiosyncratic architecture present in pilgrimage churches like St. Demetrios or
Qal’at Sem’an. It seems almost certain that the life of these buildings embodied
the dynamic relationship between locally developed cults to saints and the
institutional authority vested in liturgical practices. Yasin highlighted such
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The shortcomings in this book are minor, and it is important to stress that
Yasin’s book represents a major contribution not only to our understanding of the
cult of the saints in the Late Antique Mediterranean, but also the development of
Early Christian architecture. Her work joins a growing body of scholarship which
has sought to place Early Christian architecture and cult practice into a social
context. In this work, Late Antique architecture and art has finally come to stand
beside texts as sources for social and religions history of this dynamic period.