PART ONE

LANDSCAPE DESIGN PROPOSAL

 LAND SCAPEDESIGN

• THE TOPOGRAPHY
•THE CLIMATE
•ACSSESABILITY OPTIONS
•THE EXISTING ECOLOGY (BIODIVERSITY)
•AND THE GENERAL DESIGN LAYOUT
....ARE TAKEN IN TO
CONSIDERATION IN FORWARDING THIS
PARTICULAR LANDSCAPE DESIGN PROPOSAL
 7 7
2
14
9 12

11 8
13
10
4
3 5
1
15 6
 LEGEND
1 MAIN ENTERANCE 8 SECONDARY ACSSES +
2 MAIN CAR PARKING GREEN + RETAINING WALL
3 SERVICE CAR 9 TERITIARY ACSSES
PARKING 10 “GOJO” ACSSES
4 MAIN PATH TO THE 11 SAND BOX & OUTDOOR
RECEPTION SEAT
5 FOUNTAIN 12 ACSSES STEPS
6 MAIN BUILDING 13 BARBECUE & COFFEE
7 PRIMARY ACSSES CERMONY SPOT
ROAD 14 “GOJOS” (BUNGLOWS)
FOUNTAIN & WALKWAY TO THE MAIN
BUILDING
GRAVEL GRASS STONE WITH GRASS
JOINT
 CLIMBERS STONE RETAINING
WALL
STONE PLANT HOLDER

SEATS
 CACTUS

STONE WITH GRASS

ENTERANCE CANOPY JOINT
RAISED PLANTER SERVICE ACSSES
PARKING
BARBECUE & COFFEE CEREMONY
SPOT
 CACTUS RAISED PLANTER

GRAVEL CLIMBER RETAINING STONE WALL

SEATS ON A RAISED
PLATFORM
FEATURES AROUND THE “GODJO”
 GABION FILLED WITH
SAND BOX RIVER STONE
SEAT
 BRICK
CURB

TRIMMED
HEDGE

STONE + GRASS PATH TO THE ‘GOJO’

ORNAMENTAL FREE STANDING PLANT WITH STONE

STONE + CACTUS BOUNDARY FENCE

FEATURES AROUND THE
SWIMMING POOL
GRASS

REGULARLY PAVED STONE

POOL SIDE
STONE + CACTUS + FLOWERS
SECONDARY PATHWAY
 CACTUS BRICK POND

STONE PAVED WALKWAY

 CLIMBERS SHORT STONE BRICK
WALL
STONE PLANT HOLDER
 GRASS

TRIMMED HEDGE
STONE STEPS
 STONE + GRASS BARBECUE SPOT
PATHWAY
TRIMMED HEDGE
 PLANTERS STONE RETAINING
WALL
STEPS
 PART TWO

WATER RESOURCE USE PROPOSAL

• IRRIGATION FOR LANDSCAPING
INTRODUCTION…

WHAT IS NEEDED FOR AFRICAN VACATION CLUB(LANGANOO), A LUX

URIOUS RESORT IN ARID CLIMATE? (GREAT EXPECTATION FROM CUS
TOMERS|

MORE EFFECTIVE USE OF RESOURCES TO REHABILITATE THE ENVI

RONMENT, CONSERVE THE EXISTING PLANTS AND GIVE A NEW IMA
GE TO THE GUESTS

 SO, ARCHITECTURALLY DESIGNED AND THE LANDSCAPING IS PLAN

NED WITH THE EXISTING AND NEW PLANTATION. WHAT WILL REMAI
N IS HOW TO WATER THE PLANTS EFFECTIVELY (TIME AND COST SAVI
NG, EASY TO HANDLE AND MAINTAIN), USING THE AVAILABLE WATE
R SOURCE ( LAKE OR GROUNDWATER???) DEPENDING ON THE QUAL
ITY
THIS PRESENTATION IS ORGANIZED IN TH
REE PRINCIPAL SECTIONS…

 AVAILABLE RESOURCE IDENTIFICATION

 WATER,
 PRESSURE DEVICE/PUMP AND RESERVOIR
 SLOPE AND
 LOCATION OF PLANTS
 DEALING WITH THE AVAILABLE RESOURCE

 SELECTION OF SYSTEM TYPE AND DOING THE DETAI

L DESIGN
AVAILABLE RESOURCE IDENTIFICATION ( WATER, PRESSURE DE
VICE/PUMP, SLOPE AND POSITION OF PLANTS)

 WATER: THE PRELIMINARY ASSUMED WATER SOURCE IS THE WATER FROM

THE LAKE ITSELF

 PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE LAKE WATER

 DANGER OF THE QUALITY (MOST LAKE WATERS IN RIFT VALLEY ARE
SALINE EXCEPT THE ZIWAY LAKE

 CHECK THE QUALITY AGAINST THE RECOMMENDED LIMITS TO USE

THE WATER ( CA, NA, SO4, CL .FL, MG, AR, AND OTHER TOXIC
SUBSTANCES FOR PLANT)

 DESIGN A TREATMENT MECHANISM TO MINIMIZE THE EFFECT OF

THE POOR QUALITY OF WATER
BASIC DATA OF THE GREAT RIFTVALLEY LAKES
Recommended limits Irrigation water Use
PUMP & RESERVOIR
PRESSURE MECHANISM IS NEEDED TO PULL THE WATER FROM
THE LAKE TO SOME CENTRAL RESERVOIR AND TO THE PLANTS

IT IS ASSUMED THAT PUMP WILL BE INSTALLED TO USE IT TO

FILL THE PROPOSED SWIMMING POOL AND THIS PUMP WILL BE
USED FOR FILLING THE RESERVOIR WHEN IT IS NOT NEEDED
FOR THE SWIMMING POOL .

THE CAPACITY OF THE RESERVOIR WILL BE DECIDED AFTER

SELECTION OF THE METHOD OF IRRIGATION AND KNOWING
THE AMOUNT OF WATER TO BE APPLIED IN A SINGLE DAY

THE TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION OF THE RESERVOIR WILL ALSO

BE DECIDED AFTER THE CAPACITY IS DETERMINED
LOCATION OF PLANTS:

• RAW PLANTS ( FLOWERS)

•LAWN PLANTS (GRASS OVER THE FIELD)
•TREES ( FAR APART)
PRELIMINARILY PROPOSED SYSTEM
A COMBINATION OF

• DRIP IRRIGATION • SPRINKLER IRRIGATION

DRIP/TRICKLE  IRRIGATION
• DELIVERS SMALL BUT FREQUENT
AMOUNTS OF MOISTURE TO THE
ROOT AREA OF EACH PLANT BY M
EANS OF NARROW, PLASTIC TUBE
S.
• THIS METHOD, WHICH IS USED W
ITH GREAT SUCCESS IN THE UNITE
D STATES, ISRAEL, AND AUSTRALI
A, ENSURES A MINIMUM LOSS OF
WATER THROUGH EVAPORATION
OR PERCOLATION INTO THE GRO
UND.
WORKS BY APPLYING WATER SLOWLY, DIRECTLY TO THE SOIL, BLOOP, BLEE
P, BLOOP, AND BLEEP. IT IS THE MOST EFFICIENT METHOD OF IRRIGATING.
SPRINKLER SYSTEMS ARE AROUND 75-85% EFFICIENT,
DRIP SYSTEMS TYPICALLY ARE 90% OR HIGHER.
FOR THIS REASON DRIP IS THE PREFERRED METHOD OF IRRIGATION IN T
HE DESERT REGIONS.
IT IS EASY TO INSTALL,
EASY TO DESIGN,
CAN BE VERY INEXPENSIVE, AND
CAN REDUCE DISEASE PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH LEVELS OF MO
ISTURE ON SOME PLANTS.
WELL SUITED FOR RAW PLANTS AND TREES
THE WATER SOAKS INTO THE SOIL BEFORE IT CAN EVAPORATE OR RUN OF
F.
THE WATER IS ONLY APPLIED WHERE IT IS NEEDED, (AT THE PLANT'S ROOT
S) RATHER THAN SPRAYED EVERYWHERE.
PARTS OF A DRIP SYSTEM:
WHAT TO BE DESIGNED IN DRIP IRRIGATION
 GRAVITY FLOW SYSTEMS
 EMITTER TYPE AND FLOW:
FOR GRAVITY FLOW SYSTEMS USE SHORT-PATH EMITTERS, THEY TYPIC
ALLY WORK BETTER THAN THE OTHERS AT VERY LOW WATER PRESSUR
ES.
 HOW MANY EMITTERS ARE NEEDED?
1 OR 2 EMITTERS PER PLANT, DEPENDING ON THE SIZE OF THE PLANT.
TREES AND LARGE SHRUBS MAY NEED MORE. OBVIOUSLY, USING TW
O ALLOWS FOR A BACKUP IF ONE CLOGS UP (WHICH HAPPENS NOW A
ND THEN, EVEN ON THE BEST DESIGNED AND MAINTAINED DRIP SYST
EMS.)
 BACKFLOW PREVENTER:
DRIP EMITTERS REST DIRECTLY ON THE SOIL SO IT IS ESPECIALLY IMPO
RTANT TO HAVE A BACKFLOW PREVENTER TO PREVENT WATER CONTA
MINATION BY SOIL-BORNE DISEASE.
 WHAT VALVE TYPE AND SIZE TO USE:
 MAINLINES & LATERALS.
 MAXIMUM DRIP TUBE LENGTH.
 HARD-PIPED DRIP SYSTEMS
A TYPE OF DRIP SYSTEM USED IN COMMERCIAL AND HIGH QUALITY LA
NDSCAPES CALLED "HARD-PIPED" USES BURIED PVC PIPE RATHER THAN
POLY DRIP TUBING. THE PVC PIPE IS INSTALLED UNDERGROUND AND A
PIPE GOES TO EACH PLANT LOCATION, SO IT TAKES A LOT OF PIPE. AT E
ACH PLANT THE EMITTERS ARE INSTALLED ABOVE GROUND ON SHORT
POLY TUBES CALLED "RISERS".
 FITTINGS- USE THE CORRECT SIZE!
 CHECK VALVES, SLOPES, HILLSIDES: INSTALL CHECK VALVES IF THE DRIP SYS
TEM IS ON A HILLSIDE OF SLOPE
 AIR VENTS: INSTALL AN AIR VENT AT THE HIGHEST POINT ON EACH DRIP VA
LVE CIRCUIT
FLUSH VALVES AND END CAPS: INSTALL A FLUSH VALVE OR END CAP AT
THE END OF EACH DRIP TUBE
DRIPPER/EMMITER SELECTION CRITERION
SPRINKLER IRRIGATION 

o USES LESS WATER AND PROVIDES BETTER C

ONTROL.
o EACH SPRINKLER, SPACED ALONG A PIPE, SP
RAYS DROPLETS OF WATER IN A CONTINUO
US CIRCLE UNTIL THE MOISTURE REACHES T
HE ROOT LEVEL OF THE CROP.
o CENTER-PIVOT IRRIGATION USES LONG LINE
S OF SPRINKLERS THAT MOVE AROUND A CI
RCULAR FIELD LIKE THE LARGE HAND OF A C
LOCK.
o IT IS USED ESPECIALLY FOR GRASS AND FOD
DERS WHICH LAY IN VAST AREA
• FOR LAWNS, GROUNDCOVERS, AND LARGE SHRUB BORDERS, AN UNDERG
ROUND SPRINKLER SYSTEM
WILL EVENLY SOAK EVERY SQUARE FOOT WITH AT LEAST ONE INCH OF W
ATER ONCE OR TWICE A WEEK.
• WHEN THERE IS NO SPRINKLER SYSTEM OR DRIP IRRIGATION AVAILABLE,
USE PORTABLE LAWN SPRINKLERS
TO WATER AREAS OF LAWN AND GARDEN. THESE ARE READILY AVAILABLE
AND EASY TO USE.
SPRINKLER ALIGNMENT
SPRINKLER COMPONENTS FOR LANDSCAPE IRRIGATION
• IF YOU ARE CONSIDERING ON BUILDING AN AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTE
M IT'S A GOOD IDEA TO UNDERSTAND THE NAMES OF THE VARIOUS PIECE
S AND WHAT THEY ARE FOR. HERE IS A LIST OF THE COMMON
SPRINKLER SYSTEM COMPONENTS
THAT YOU WILL FIND AND MIGHT WANT TO USE FOR YOUR SYSTEM:
• PVC OR POLY PIPE — LAYS OUT THE MAIN LINES OF YOUR SPRINKLER SYST
EM AND CONNECTS TO THE WATER SUPPLY LINE. PVC PIPE IS LESS EXPENSI
VE AND MORE DURABLE THAN POLY. HOWEVER, POLY PIPE IS FLEXIBLE, A
ND CAN BEND AROUND CORNERS WITHOUT THE USE OF JOINTS.
 
• BACKFLOW PREVENTER AND ANTI-SIPHON VALVE — PREVENTS SPRINKLER
WATER FROM FLOWING  BACK INTO THE DRINKING WATER.
 
• SPRINKLER HEADS AND RISERS — SPRAY THE WATER OVER THE DESIRED A
REA. THERE ARE LOTS OF TYPES DEPENDING ON THE SITUATION: IMPACT,
SURFACE, POP-UP HEAD, BUBBLER HEAD, AND SO ON.
 
 
• CONNECTORS AND FITTINGS
 
• CONTROLLER — TURNS THE SPRINKLER SYSTEM ON AND OFF AT PRE-SET
TIMES. SPRINKLER SYSTEMS ARE USUALLY DIVIDED INTO ZONES OR CIRCUI
TS. THE CONTROLLER ALLOWS YOU TO TURN THE DIFFERENT SPRINKLER Z
ONES ON AND OFF INDEPENDENTLY OF ONE ANOTHER.
SPRINKLER HEADS
• DEPENDING ON THE SHAPE OF THE LAWN, USE DIFFERENT SPRINKLER HEADS
TO PROVIDE THE BEST COVERAGE. TYPICAL SPRINKLER HEADS INCLUDE:
• IMPACT — IDEAL FOR WATERING LARGE OPEN AREAS. A MECHANICAL ARM H
ITS THE STREAM OF WATER (YOU'LL KNOW IT BY THE "TICK, TICK, TICK" SOUN
D) WHICH HELPS PROPEL AND DISTRIBUTE THE SPRAY UPWARDS OF 45 FEET.
 
• ROTOR — GEAR DRIVEN SPRINKLER HEADS THAT ROTATE TO COVER WIDE ARE
AS.
 
• POP-UP HEADS — ARE INSERTED FLUSH TO THE GROUND AND ONLY RISE ABO
VE GROUND TO EMIT THE STREAM OF WATER WHEN ACTIVATED
 
• BUBBLER HEAD OR SPRAY HEAD — IDEAL FOR SMALLER AREAS (UP TO 10 FEE
T), SUCH AS FLOWER BEDS
f