Introduction

 Basalt is well known as a rock found in virtually every country round the world.
 Basalt is generic name for solidified lava which poured out of the volcanoes.
 Basalt is 1/3 of earth Crust.
 it is composed of the minerals plagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine.
 It is quite similar to fiber glass and carbon but signficantly cheaper from them
 Basalt Rock fibres have no toxic reaction with air or water, are non-combustible and
explosion proof.
 In case of its application in technical textile because of its high strength and thermal stability
It is used as a fireproof textile in the aerospace and automotive industries and can also be
used as a composite to produce products such as camera tripods.
Histroy
 Frenchman from Paris, Paul Dhé, in 1923 fisrt extruding filaments from basalt.
 In the 1950/60’s in Moscow and in Prague, in today’s Russia and Czech Republic,
authentic research in this field started.
 In the 60’ and 70’ intensive R&D efforts took place in the North-West of the USA. Also
the Defense Ministry of the Soviet Union got interested in the potential of this technology
for military and space applications. All R&D was concentrated in, Ukraine.
 This research eventually became successful. The technology was kept secret and the
object of little publication.
 It is in 1990/92, in Perestroika, the technology was declassified. This allowed its
application in the civilian field.
 Chemical composition potassium and magnesium oxide
Chemical name: Basic volcanic igneous rock from calcium-alkali series
Manufacturing process:
 Stone crushing
 Loading and transportation
 Washed out with water & then dry in the chamber electricaly
 A single-component basalt material is fed into a gas-fired furnace.
 The basalt is heated to about 1,450°C (2,650° F) and melted.
 From the furnace, the molten material flows into a fore-hearth where the temperature of
the molten material is more precisely controlled and distributed to each strand-making
position.
 The molten material is gravity-fed from the fore-hearth into a platinum alloy “bushing”.
 Electricity is passed through the bushing to provide a final stage of resistance heating and
precise adjustment of the viscosity of the molten mixture.
 Each bushing has hundreds of micro-holes each make a filament that is gathered into a
single strand of continuous-filament basalt fiber.
 The combination of micro-hole size and viscosity of the melt determine the diameter of
the resulting filaments (7-17μ).
 The basalt filaments are quenched with a water-based sizing to solidify the strands and
deposit a small quantity of lubricant/bonding agent on the filaments.
 The strands are wound onto a bobbin called a forming package at high speed.
 The strands can then be sold as an untwisted roving, twisted/plied into a yarn for
weaving, or chopped to a fixed length for production of a non-woven mat.
Scope
 Properties
 High tensile strength (breaking strength): 4500 MPa
 Low elongation at break: 3.1 %
 High elastic modulus: 98 GPa
 Density: 2.7 gram/cubic centimeter
 Low thermal conductivity: 0.035 W/m·K
 High sound absorption coefficient: 0.95
 Low moisture absorption: 0.1 %
 High specific volume resistance: 1x1012 ohm·m
 Radiation proof lead equivalent: 0.0073 mm Pb
 Permanent flame retardant resistance: Limiting oxygen index (Loi) >70
 Extraordinary high softening temperature (point): >1200 Celsius degree
 Operating temperature range: from -260 to 760 Celsius degree.
 Chemical properties
 Low water absorbency
 Good alkaline resistance
 Also acid and salt resistance
 Application

 Basalt Fiber 3-D Sandwich Fabric

 It is used for yacht., speed train., chemical tanks., wind turbine. And core layers of
the ,Radiation protection, Architectural decoration., Heat preservation & sound
insulation.
 Basalt Fiber Sheet
 Reinforcement for,The bridge, Tunnel structure ,The wood reinforced structure
 Beams, Colums, Plates.
 Basalt Fiber Needled Felt
 It is used as Advanced air filtration system., Poisonous gas and dust filtration systems in
chemical industry, Filtration, acoustic absorption, heat insulation and vibration proofing
system in electronic industry., High temperature resistance, environmental protection
automobile mufflers.,,Heat insulation and acoustic absorption system of vessels and
ships.
 Basalt Fiber Sealing Ropes
 It is used as Furnace doors, cover board, success opening, had the hole of the high
temperature pressure furnace., Applied in sealing material, which owing the
compressibility, the high elastic and the low friction coefficient., Excellent properties of
acid alkali resistance in the parts connection or transforming corrosion media.
 Basalt Geo grid
  They are made up of natural raw material (natural chemical composition provides
chemical stability and resistance). They are non inflammable and they can carry out
distributed load.,The cost is 4-5 times lower than other geo textile material.

Introduction
Known as a rock: Basalt is well known as a rock found in virtually
every country round the world.

Solidified Lava: Basalt is generic name for solidified lava which poured
out of the volcanoes.
Occurrence: Basalt is 1/3 of earth Crust
Basic minerals: It is composed of the minerals plagioclase, pyroxene,
and olivine.

Cheaper: It is quite similar to fiber glass and carbon but signficantly cheaper
from them

Non-Toxic, Non-Combustible. Basalt Rock fibres have no

toxic reaction with air or water, are non-combustible and explosion proof

Application: In case of its application in technical textile because of its

high strength and thermal stability It is used as a fireproof textile in the aerospace
and automotive industries and can also be used as a composite to produce products
such as camera tripods.