Kerala Budget Speech 2011-2012 Malayalam

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BapJw
1. 2011˛12--˛se _P‰v {]kwKØn\p Imhytim` ]Icm≥
GXm\pw hcnIƒ ‘Zn\m¥’ Øn¬ \n∂v D≤cn°m≥
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kt¥mj]q¿hw A\phmZw \¬IpI am{Xa√, Cu _P‰n\mbn

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aebmfØns‚ {]nbs∏´ Ihn {io. H F≥ hn Ipdp∏v Xmsg

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sImSp°p∂ IhnXmiIew FgpXnØcnIbpw sNbvXp.

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]men®phmKvZm\tasd, sb∂mInepw
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]men°m\p≠n\ntbsd!
]n∂n´pZqcßtfsdsb∂mInepw
]n∂nSm\p≠n\ntbsd!,
A∂hpw hkv{Xhpw ]m¿°m\nShpao
a∂n¬∏nd∂h¿s°√mw ˛
Ht∂ \nbahpw \oXnbptah¿°p˛
sa∂pd∏mIpw htcbpw
t]mhpI [ocambv apt∂m´v˛hmKvZØ˛
`qhntebv°mhs´ bm{X!
1
k¿, 2011˛12˛se _P‰v Rm≥ AhXcn∏n°p∂p.
2. hmKvZm\ßtfsdbpw \ndth‰nb kwXr]vXntbmsSbmWv
Rm\nhnsS \n¬°p∂Xv . kam\XIfn√mØ t\´ßfmWv
kmaqlyt£acwKØv Cu k¿°m¿ ssIhcn®Xv F∂v
hna¿iI¿t]mepw kΩXn°p∂p. kmºØnIcwKØpw Ign™
A©ph¿jØnep≠mb hf¿® HcpImeØpap≠mbnń√
F∂mWv Fs‚ hmZw. sXmÆqdpIfpsS Ahkm\w Bcw`n®
Im¿jnI XI¿®bpsS sNmcp°pw BtKmfamµyØns‚
kΩ¿±hpap≠mbn´pw tIcfw Ign™ A©ph¿jw GXm≠v 9
iXam\w thKØn¬ hf¿∂p. k¿, Rm≥ Dd∏p ]dbp∂p,
ct≠m aqt∂m h¿jØn\pffn¬ C¥ybn¬ G‰hpw thKØn¬
hfcp∂ kwÿm\ambn tIcfw amdpw.
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3. F√mw `{ZamsW∂p hmZn°p∂n√. Zu¿_eyßtfsdbp≠v.

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h¿≤n®phcp∂ AkaXzhpw IogvØńepffhcpsS

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]m∏coIcWhpw ]cnlcn°Ww. Bknbm≥ Icm¿, Cu

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\q‰m≠nse BZyh¿jßfnteXpt]mepff hneØI¿®bpsS

òjWn Db¿Øp∂p. hnZym`ymk BtcmKymZn taJeIfnse
c≠mw Xeapd {]iv\ßƒ°v DØcw ImWWw. \mw ]cnÿnXn
kulrZamtI≠Xp≠v. kv{Xo]pcpj XpeyXbn√msX
kmaqly\oXnbn√ F∂p Xncn®dnbWw. bphXeapdbpsS
{]Xo£Iƒ°\pkrXamb sXmgnehkcßƒ th≠{X
thKØn¬ D≠mIp∂n√. tUm. A_vZp¬ Iemw Cu
\nbak`bn¬ Nq≠n°mWn®, \ap°\ptbmPyhpw IqSpX¬
a’ctijnbpffXpamb, ]pXnb hf¿®mtaJeIƒ C\nbpw
i‡ns∏SWw. ta¬]d™ Zu¿_eyßƒ XncpØp∂Xn\pff
]cn{iaßfmbncp∂p Cu k¿°mcns‚ A©p _P‰pIfpw.
2
4. bmYm-ÿn-XnI [\\b-ßƒ°p ]Icw kwÿm-\Øns‚
t£a hnI-k\ Bh-iy-ßƒ ASnÿm\am°nbpff kao-]-\-
amWp kzoIcn®Xv. CXns‚ êambn 2001˛06 Imebfhn¬
k¿°m¿ sNehv 53 iXam\w am{Xw h¿≤n®t∏mƒ, Cu
k¿°mcns‚ ImeØv 100 iXam\Øntesd h¿≤n®p. AXmbXv,
2005-˛06˛se 19,528 tImSn cq]-bn¬ \n∂vv 2010˛11˛¬ 39,790 tImSn
cq]- b mbn k¿°m¿ sNehv Db¿∂p. aqe[\s®ehns‚
ImcyØnepw C°meØp KpW]camb am‰ap≠mbn. k¿°mcns‚
samØw sNehn¬ 5.65 iXam\ambncp∂ aqe[\s®ehv 12.51
iXam\ambn. Xt±i kzbw`cW ÿm]\ßƒ°pff hnlnXw
6.6 iXam\Øn¬ \n∂v 8 iXam\ambn. ]≤Xns®ehv 22.0
iXam\Øn¬ \n∂v 25.3 iXam\ambn. hnIk\s®ehv 53
iXam\Øn¬ \n∂v 55 iXam\ambn Db¿∂p.
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5. k¿°m-cns‚ sNehv Cc-ń-bmbt∏mgpw IΩn XmgvØn

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\n¿Øp- ∂ - X n¬ hnP- b n- ® p. 2001˛06 Ime- b - f - h n¬ dh\yq

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hcpam\Øns‚ 28.5 iXam\ambncp∂ dh\yq IΩn 2006˛11˛¬ 15.5

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iX-am-\a
- mbn XmWp. [\-°Ω - n-bpw KWyambn Xmgv∂p.
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6. A`nam\tØmsS ]dbs´, k¿, Ign™ aq∂p-h¿j-ßf - n¬

Hcp Znhkw t]mepw {Sjdn Hmh¿{Um^v‰n-em-bn-√. \S-∏p-h¿j-
Øn¬ CXphsc Hcp Znhkw t]mepw dnk¿hv _m¶n¬ \n∂p
ssIhmbv] hmtß≠n h∂nń√. GXms≠√m shbvkv B≥Uv
ao≥kv \nb{¥Wßfpw ths≠∂p sh®ncn°pIbmWv .
C°gn™ aq∂p ]Xn‰m≠n\nSbn¬ tIcfØn¬ Cßs\sbmcp
A\p`hap≠mbnń√. Ign™ k¿°m-cns‚ ImeØv `qcn-]£w
Znh-kß- f
- nepw {Sjdn Hmh¿{Um^v‰n-em-bn-cp-∂p Ft∂m¿°Ww.
7. k¿°m-cns‚ [\-ÿnXn sa®-s∏-´X
- ns‚ ASn-ÿm-\I
- m-cWw
kwÿm\Øns‚ kz¥w hcp-am-\-Øn-ep-≠mb h¿≤-\-bm-Wv.
kwÿm\ \nIpXn hcp- a m\w 2005˛06˛¬ 7000 tImSn cq]
3
Bbncp∂Xv 2010˛11˛¬ GXm≠v 16,000 tImSn cq]bmbn Dbcpw.
AtXkabw tI{µ- k ¿°m- c ns‚ klmbw kwÿm\
k¿°m-cns‚ samØw dh\yq hcp-am-\Ø
- ns‚ 29.94 iX-am\Øn¬
\n∂v 25.6 iX-am-\ambn C°mebfhn¬ Xmgv∂p.
8. k¿, an® _P‰v AhXcn∏n°m≥ Ignbpsa∂ {]Xo£
{]Ya _P‰v {]kwKØn¬ Rm≥ {]ISn∏n®ncp∂p. F∂m¬
{]Xo£bv ° p hncp≤ambn ]Xnaq∂mw [\ImcyIΩnj≥
tIcfØn\pff tI{µ \nIpXnhnlnXw ho≠pw Ipdbv°pIbmWv
D≠mbXv. tI{µw {]Jym]n® Nc°ptkh\ \nIpXn
k{ºZmbhpw \S∏mbn√. BtKmfamµyw tI{µ˛kwÿm\
k¿°mcpIfpsS kmºØnI \nesb {]XnIqeambn _m[n®p.
tI{µhpw GXm≠v F√m kwÿm\ßfpw IΩnbnembn. Cu
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]›mØeØn¬ t£as®ehpIƒ shń®pcp°pIbpw

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iºf]cnjvIcWw ths≠∂pshbv°pIbpw Xt±ikzbw`cW

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ÿm]\ßƒ°pff {Km‚ v Ipdbv ° pIbpw sNbv X me√msX

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ul
an®_P‰ntebv°p \oßm\mhn√. Cu P\hncp≤\bw

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kzoIcn°m≥ Rßƒ Xømd√. iºf]cnjvIcWØn\p th≠

A[nIs®ehp≠mbn´pw 2011˛12-˛¬ dh\yqIΩn 1.97 iXam\w
am{XamWv. 2010˛11˛se _P‰nse 1.48 iXam\Øn¬ \n∂pff Cu
sNdnb h¿≤\ t]mepw Xm¬°menIamWv. Nc°ptkh\
\nIpXn {]m_eyØn¬ hcptºmƒ tIcfØnse \nIpXn
hcpam\w C\nbpw KWyambn Dbcpw. \nIpXntbXc hcpam\hpw
h¿≤n°p∂Xn\pff km[yXIfpw sXfn™n´p≠v. CtXmsS
dh\yqIΩn Ipdbpw.
9. h≥tXmXn¬ hmbv]sbSpØXpsIm≠mWv tIcfØns‚
[\-ÿnXn sa®-s∏-´Xv F∂ Btcm]Ww Rm≥ Xffn°fbp∂p.
2005˛06˛¬ 45,929 tImSn cq] Bbn- c p∂ ISw Cu h¿jw
4
Ah-km-\n-°p-tºmƒ 78,327 tImSn cq]-bmbn Db-cpw. ]t£,
ISØns‚ samØw XpI t\m°nb√ IS`mcw \n¿Æbn°p∂Xv.
henb kºZv L S\bv ° v IqSpX¬ IS`mcw Xmßm\mhpw.
IS`mcw Aft°≠Xv kwÿm\ B`y¥c hcpam\hpambn
XmcXays∏SpØn thWw. 2000˛01˛¬ 32.9 iXam\ambncp∂
IS`mcw 2005˛06˛¬ 33.6 iXam\ambn Db¿∂p. F∂ment∂m,
2010˛11˛¬ CXv 29.52 iXam\ambn XmWp. Ign™
A©ph¿jØn\nSbn¬ tIcfØns‚ ISw 70 iX-am\w Db¿∂p.
AXn\p apºpff A©ph¿jØntem, 92 iXam\amWv h¿≤\.
Cu k¿°mcns‚ ImeØv ISw s]cp- I p- ∂ - X ns‚ thKX
IpdbpIbmWv sNbvXXv.
10. k¿, ISØns‚ hen∏a√, kwÿm\Øns‚ hmbv]m
]cn[n Npcp°m\pff tI{µk¿°mcns‚ \o°ßfmWv Fs∂
an
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Bi¶s∏SpØp∂Xv . hmbv ] mkΩ¿±w t\cnSp∂ kwÿm\

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ßfpsS ]ńIbnemWv Ct∏mƒ tIcfw. \nehnse \n¿hN\w

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s]mfns®gpXnbmWv tI{µw CXp sNbv X Xv . kwÿm\

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B`y¥chcpam\Øns‚ 35 iXam\w ISapff kwÿm\

M
ßsfbmWv hmbv ] mkΩ¿±w t\cnSp∂ kwÿm\ßfmbn

t\csØ IW°m°nbncp∂Xv . CXn\p ]pdsa a‰p Nne
am\ZWvUßƒ IqSn ]cnKWn®ncp∂p. ]pXp°nb am\ZWvU
{]Imcw B`y¥c hcpam\Øns‚ 27 iXam\Øn\p apIfn¬
IS_m[yXbpff kwÿm\ßƒ hmbv ] m kΩ¿±ØnemWp
t]mepw. a‰p am\ZWvUßfpw CXpt]mse XmgvØn
\n›bn®n´p≠v. tIcfØns‚ [\ÿnXn sa®s∏´t∏mƒ tI{µ
k¿°m¿ am\ZWvUßfpw am‰n. Cu Ik¿ØpIƒs°m∂n\pw
kmºØnIimkv{X kn≤m¥ßfpsS bmsXmcp ]n≥_ehpan√.
11. k¿, tIcfw ISs°Wnbne√. IS-s°-Wn-bn-tebv°v
k¿°m¿ \oßp- I - b mtWm F∂p hne- b n- c p- Ø m≥ {]kn≤
5
kmº-ØnI imkv{X⁄\mb ltcmUv tUma¿ cq]w \¬Inb
kq{XhmIysØbmWv kmºØnI hnZKv[¿ ASnÿm\am°p∂Xv.
AXp{]Imcw IS-Øns‚ icm-icn ]en-i- \nc-°ns\-°mƒ Db¿∂-
XmWv kwÿm\ hcp-am-\Ø - ns‚ hf¿®m\nc-s°-¶n¬ ISw A]-
I-S\
- n-eb
- ne√. tIc-fØ
- n¬ k¿°m-¿ ISØns‚ icm-icn ]eni
\nc°v 7.8 ˛ 8.2 iX-am\w hsc-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ kwÿm\ hcp-
am\w 14 ˛ 15 iX- a m\w hsc thK- X - b n- e mWv hf- c p- ∂ - X v .
Npcp-°-Øn¬ IS-s°-Wn-bn-em-sW-∂p-ff ]cn-{`m¥n ]S¿Øn
bmYmÿn-XnI [\-\bw ASn-t®¬∏n-°m-\pff ]cn-{i-a-amWv
\S-°p-∂X - v.
12. k¿, hmbv ] sbSp°m≥ XS w \n¬°p∂ tI{µ
k¿°mcns‚ \ne]mSv kwÿm\hnIk\Øn\p Iq®phneßmbn
amdpIbmWv. 2011˛12˛¬ kwÿm\ hcpam\Øns‚ 3.5 iXam\w
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hmbv]sbSp°p∂Xn\v A\phZn®n´ps≠¶nepw ASpØ h¿jw

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apX¬ hmbv]m]cn[n aq∂p iXam\amIpw. CXn\p ]pdsa

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kwÿm\ B`y¥chcpam\Øns‚ 25 iXam\ambn ISw

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Npcp°Wsa∂ \n¿t±ihpap≠v. dh\yq IΩn C√mXm°m\pff

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Hcp kab_‘nX ]cn]mSn kwÿm\w AwKoIcn®m¬ ]ns∂

aqe[\s®ehn\p hmbv]sbSp°m≥ F¥n\p XS w \n¬°Ww?
CsX{X BtemNn®n´pw a\ nemIp∂n√ k¿!
13. am{Xa√, êØn¬ A\phZ\obamb ]cn[nhsc t]mepw
hmbv ] sbSp°m≥ kwÿm\Øn\p Ignbp∂n√. CXn\p
{]Xn_‘ßƒ krjvSn°p∂ k{ºZmbßfmWv tI{µk¿°m¿
BhnjvIcn®n´pffXv. AXpsIm≠mWv 2009˛10˛¬ tIcfØns‚
[\°Ωn 3.42 iXam\ambn ]cnanXs∏´Xv. BtKmfamµyØns‚
]›mØeØn¬ [\°Ωn 4 iXam\w hsc Db¿Øm≥
A\phmZap≠mbncp∂p Ft∂m¿°Ww. 2010˛11˛emIs´
3.5 iXam\w [\°Ωn A\phZn®ncp∂psh¶nepw ]pXp°nb
6
IW°p{]Imcw AXv 2.89 iXam\w am{XamWv. tIcfØnse
{Sjdn tkhnwKv k v _m¶v D]tbmKs∏SpØn h≥tXmXn¬
hmbv]sbSp°p∂p F∂ Btcm]Ww ASnÿm\clnXamsW∂v
Cu hkvXpXIƒ sXfnbn°p∂p. kwÿm\ {Sjdn
tkhnwKvkv _m¶pXs∂ \n¿Øem°Ww F∂mWv
tI{µk¿°mcns‚ Ct∏mgsØ Bhiyw. CXwKoIcn®m¬
kwÿm\Øns‚ ]cnanXamb [\Imcy kzmX{¥yhpw
Ih¿s∂Sp°s∏Spw. XncphnXmwIq¿ C¥y≥ bqWnb\n¬
ebn®t∏mƒ tIcfØn\v HkyØmbn Inńb {Sjdn tkhnwKvkv
_m¶n\pta¬ ssIshbv°m\pff GXp \o°sØbpw
H‰s°´mbn tIcfØnse P\ßƒ sNdp°pw. I£n
cmjv{SobØn\v AXoXamb ka\zbw C°mcyØn¬
kwÿm\Øp≠mhWw.
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ka{K tdmUv ]p\cp≤mcW ]≤Xn

ul
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14. tI{µk¿°m¿ ]n¥pScp∂ bmYmÿnXnI [\\bw

tIcfØns‚ hnIk\Øn\p Fßs\ Iq®phneßmIp∂psh∂v
HcpZmlcWØneqsS hy‡am°mw. kwÿm\sØ tdmUp
irwJe ASnb¥ncambn \hoIcnt°≠Xp≠v. h¿≤n®phcp∂
KXmKXØnc°pw hml\`mchpw Xmßm≥ tdmUpIƒ°mhp∂n√.
C∂sØ \n¿ΩmWcoXn am‰pIbmWv CXn\pff ]cnlmcw.
_n‰pan≥ a°mUw ˛ _n‰pan≥ tIm¨{Io‰v Unssk\¿
tdmUpIfntebv°p \mw amdWw. s]mXpacmaØp hIp∏ns‚
A[o\Xbnepff tdmUpIƒ C{]Imcw \hoIcn°m\pff sNehv
kwÿm\ KXmKX\bØn\p cq]w \¬Im≥ \ntbmKn® IΩn‰n
IW°m°nbn´p≠v ˛ GItZiw 40,000 tImSn cq].
7
15. hmbv]b√msX C{Xbpw ]Ww kzcq]n°m≥ am¿Kan√.
tIcfw F{X XymKw kln®v dh\yq IΩn C√mXm°nbmepw
B`y¥chcpam\Øns‚ aq∂p iXam\Øn\∏pdw
hmbv]sbSp°m≥ tI{µk¿°m¿ A\phZn°pIbpan√. tZiob
]mXbpsS ImcyØn¬ tI{µk¿°m¿ ASnt®¬∏n® _nHSn
tamU¬ kwÿm\ ]mXIfpsSbpw Pn√m {KmaoW
tdmUpIfpsSbpw \n¿ΩmWØn¬ ]co£n°m≥ t]mepw ]‰n√.
]ns∂, F¥mWv t]mwhgn?
16. bmYmkvYnXnI [\\bw apdpsI∏nSn°p∂
tI{µk¿°mcns‚ ]nSnhmin adnIS°m≥ Hcp _Z¬
kao]\Øn\p cq]w \¬Intb Xocq. kwÿm\ k¿°m¿
t\cn´√msX k¿°m¿ \nb{¥WØnepff kzX{¥amb
an
t_m¿UpItfm Iº\nItfm hgn hmbv ] sbSpØv tdmUp

ar
]p\cp≤mcWw \SØWw. Cu NpaXe tdmUv ^≠v

ka
t_m¿Un\pw tdmUvkv B≥Uv {_nUvPkv

ok
lo
tIm¿∏tdj\pambncn°pw.
ul
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17. Cu \o°w hnPbn°Wsa¶n¬ c≠p Imcyßƒ

AXy¥mt]£nXambn sNtø≠Xp≠v . H∂matØXv , Cu
c≠pÿm]\ßfpsSbpw ]p\xkwLS\bmWv . Ahbn∂v
Un∏m¿´psa‚ns‚ A\p_‘ ÿm]\ßfmWv . Cu \ne
amdWw. {]K¤cmb [\ImcyhnZKv[¿ AS°apff
s{]m^jWepIsf Dƒs∏SpØn kzX{¥amb UbdIv S ¿
t_m¿UpIƒ \nehn¬ hcWw. tIm¨{SmIvS¿ ˛ F©n\ob¿ ˛
cmjv{Sob ap°q´v AgnaXncmPn¬ \n∂v ]pXnb kwhn[m\sØ
hnap‡am°Ww. CXn\p klmbIcamWv s]mXpacmaØp
taJebn¬ CXn\Iw sIm≠ph∂n´pff ]cnjv I mcßƒ.
C˛sS≥UdnwKv , Zo¿LIme sabn‚\≥kv tIm¨{SmIv S v
8
k{ºZmbw XpSßnb ]cnjvImcßƒ ]q¿ÆXbnseØn°Ww.
tIm¨{SmIvS¿am¿°v IpSninIbn√ F∂pffXpw ]pXnsbmcp
A¥co£w krjvSn®n´p≠v. k¿, Cu k¿°m¿ A[nImcØn¬
hcptºmƒ 26 amkambncp∂p IpSninI. Ct∏mƒ Hcp _n√pw
[\hIp∏n¬ IpSninIbn√.
18. c≠matØXv, Hcp ZiIw sIm≠p 40,000 tImSn hcp∂
òaamb XpI hmbv]sbSp°m\pff s{IUn‰v td‰nwKv AYhm
Itºmf hnizmkw tdmUv ^≠v t_m¿Un\pw tdmUvkv B≥Uv
{_nUvPkv tIm¿∏tdj\pw Dd∏phcpØpIbmWv. CXn\mbn
tamt´m¿ hml\ \nIpXnbpsS BZysØ aq∂v˛BdpamksØ
hcpam\w Fkv{Iq A°u≠mbn Cu c≠p ÿm]\ßƒ°p
\¬Ipw F∂v \nba\n¿ΩmWw hgn Dd∏m°Ww. ]cky\nIpXn,
`qhnIk\ ]cn]mSnIƒ XpSßnb X\Xp hcpam\
an
t{kmXkpIfpw Cu ÿm]\ßƒ D]tbmKs∏SpØWw. hmbv]m

ar
ka
Xncn®Shv Dd∏p \¬Ip∂ \nba_≤amb hcpam\t{kmXkv

ok
Ds≠¶n¬ Itºmf hmbv ] FSpØv tdmUv ]p\cp≤mcWw

lo
\SØm≥ {]m]vXnbpff ÿm]\ßfmbn tdmUv ^≠v t_m¿Upw

ul
M
tdmUvkv B≥Uv {_nUvPkv tIm¿∏tdj\pw amdpw.

19. A¬_dmIv F∂ ]eniclnX [\Imcy ÿm]\w
{]h¿Ø\£aamIp∂tXmsS ka{K tdmUp hnIk\
]≤Xnbv°pff hn`hßƒ Is≠Øp∂Xv IqSpX¬ Ffp∏amIpw.
tdmUv ^≠v t_m¿Upw tdmUvkv B≥Uv {_nUvPkv
tIm¿∏tdj\pw Gs‰Sp°p∂ \n¿ΩmW {]hrØnIƒ°v Hcp
\n›nX iXam\w k¿hokv Nm¿Pmbn kwÿm\ k¿°m¿
A\phZn°p∂XmWv. CXn¬\n∂v em` hnlnXw ]eniclnX
ÿm]\amb A¬_dm°n\p \¬Im≥ Ignbpw. ]eniclnX
ÿm]\ßƒ {]h¿Ø\£aam°p∂Xn\v ‘U_nƒ SmIvtkj≥’
t]mepff Nne {]mtbmKnI sshjayßfp≠v. Ch
]Tn°p∂Xn\p th≠n Hcp hnZKv[kanXnsb \ntbmKn°p∂XmWv.
9
20. k¿, Cu 40,000 tImSn cq]bpsS ka{K tdmUv
]p\cp≤mcW ]≤Xnbntebv ° v 1000 tImSn cq] Rm≥
hIbncpØp∂p. ]eniclnX hmbv]bmbn tdmUvkv B≥Uv
{_nUvPkv tIm¿∏tdj\pw tdmUv ^≠v t_m¿Un\pw Cu XpI
e`yam°pw. CXns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ Xmsg ]dbp∂ 5000
tImSnbn¬∏cw cq]bpsS tdmUp \n¿ΩmW {]hrØnIƒ
2011˛12˛¬ Cu ÿm]\ßƒ Gs‰Sp°pw.
21. 1920 tImSn cq]bpsS tÃ‰v sslth ]mt°Pv —
320 In.ao ssZ¿Lyw hcp∂ ]Øp tÃ‰v sslthIƒ
]p\cp≤mcWØn\v Gs‰Sp°p∂p.
FkvF®v 2 ˛ sX∑e ˛ aSØd ˛ 28 In.ao.
FkvF®v 3 ˛ s\SpaßmSv ˛ sjm¿ft°mSv ˛ 37.5 In.ao.
an
ar
FkvF®v 7 ˛ Xncph√ ˛ tImgt©cn ˛ Ipºg ˛ 30 Inao

ka
ok
FkvF®v 9 ˛ tIm´bw ˛ tImgt©cn ˛ 22.06 In. ao.

lo
ul
FkvF®v 12 ˛ Aºe∏pg˛ Xncph√ ˛ 27 In. ao.

M
FkvF®v 23 – Xriq¿ ˛ sjm¿Æq¿ ˛ 28 In.ao.

FkvF®v 37 ˛ ASq¿ ˛ imkvXmwtIm´ ˛ Nhd ˛ 40 In.ao.
FkvF®v 38 ˛ ]pXnbßmSn ˛ t]cm{º ˛ \mZm]pcw˛
IqØp]dºv ˛ 62 In.ao.
FkvF®v 40 ˛ XÆo¿ap°w˛ssh°w˛thß√q¿˛33.9 In. ao.
FkvF®v 41 ˛ ]memcnh´w ˛ Ipamc]pcw ˛ 11.3 In.ao.
22. 765 tImSn cq]bpsS Pn√m tdmUv ]mt°Pv —Xmsg

]dbp∂ 765 In.ao ssZ¿Lyapff 36 Pn√m tdmUpIƒ c≠p
sebn≥ tdmUpIfmbn hnIkn∏n°pw.
10
{][m\ Pn√m tdmUpIƒ
Pn√ tdmUns‚ t]cv Zqcw
(1) (2) (3)
1 Imk¿tImSv D∏f ˛ I\ym\ 15.69
2 Ipºf ˛ s_ZnbSp° 16.27
3 tX°n¬ ˛ Bemń 30
4 IÆq¿ sNm∆ ˛ a´∂q¿ 22.9
5 Xfn∏dºv ˛ Iq¿Kv tdmUv 36.9
6 Xeticn ˛ Ccn°q¿ 31.24
7 sh≈q¿ ˛ ]pfntßmw 34.3
8 knsIFwsI tdmUv 26.78
9 tImgnt°mSv t]cm{º ˛ hSIc 30
10 ssIXs∏mbvIbn¬ ˛ tImSt©cn ˛
XncphºmSn ˛ ap°w 30
11 hSIc ˛ tNe°mSv ˛ Ip‰nbmSn 25
12 _mepticn ˛ Ipdpsºmbn¬ ˛ XebmSv 17.5
13 ]me°mSv Iq‰\mSv ˛ s]m∂m\n 10.3
an
14 ]Sn™mdßmSn ˛ XrØme ˛ ]´mºn 14

ar
15 ]me°mSv ˛ Nn‰q¿ 15.7

ka
16 H‰∏mew ˛ amb∂q¿ ˛ tNe°c 12

ok
17 ae∏pdw at©cn ˛ ]m≠n°mSv 16.2

lo
18 Xncq¿ ˛ N{ah´w 36.5

ul
19 Xriq¿ sNºp°mhv ˛ Ip´\√q¿ ˛ A°n°mhv 22

M
20 FdWmIpfw CS∏ffn ˛ ]q°m´p]Sn 11

21 aqhm‰p]pg ˛ Im°\mSv 37
22 apf¥pcpØn ˛ ]pØ≥Ipcniv˛ kvam¿´vkn‰n ˛
C≥t^m]m¿°v 24
23 CSp°n cma°¬taSv ˛ IºwtaSv 11
24 ASnamen ˛ ]q∏md 44.6
25 Be∏pg ImbwIpfw ˛ Im¿ØnI∏ffn 20
26 tIm´bw ssh°w ˛ sh®q¿ 11.2
27 IdpI®m¬ ˛ aWnae 16.3
28 ]Ø\wXn´ Xncph√ ˛ a√∏ffn 14.1
29 ASq¿ ˛ ssI∏´q¿ 12
30 sIm√w NmØ∂q¿ ˛ ]chq¿ ˛ ]mcn∏ffn 24
31 Ingt°sØcphv ˛ ]Ø\m]pcw 12
32 hmfIw ˛ ]Ø\m]pcw 18
33 sIm´mc°c ˛ Icp\mK∏ffn 27.1
34 sImńbw ˛ Ip≠d 11.6
35 Xncph\¥]pcw Xncph\¥]pcw ˛ s\øm¿ Umw 27.2
36 hma\]pcw ˛ B‰nß¬ ˛ Nndbn≥Iogv 27
11
23. 1000 tImSn cq]bpsS ss_]mkv ]mt°Pv —ka{K
tdmUp \n¿ΩmW ]≤XnbpsS `mKambn Xmsg ]dbp∂
ss_]mkpIƒ°v A\paXn \¬Ip∂p. Xriq¿ (aÆpØn˛
Aae), Ip∂wIpfw, H‰∏mew, sjm¿Wq¿, Xr∏qWnØpd,
sIm´mc°c, a´∂q¿, sImbnem≠n, A¶amen, FS∏mƒ,
s]cn¥¬aÆ, ssh°w, tIm´bv°¬, Be∏pg (]ffmØpcpØn˛
BcymSv ) , Xncph√ ss_]mkv sIFkv S n]nbpsS `mKambn
\S°psa¶nepw sNß∂q¿ apX¬ G‰pam\q¿ hsc Fwkn
tdmUn\p kam¥cambn Xncph√, Nß\mticn, tIm´bw F∂o
]´Wßsf ss_]mkv sNbvXv ]pXnb tdmUp
\n¿Ωn°p∂XmWv. ko t]m¿´v Fb¿t]m¿´v tdmUv, tdmUvkv
B≥Uv {_nUvPkv tIm¿∏tdj≥ Gs‰SpØp ]q¿ØoIcn°pw.
24. \Kcßfnse KXmKX°pcp°gn°m≥ PwKvj≥
an
ar
\hoIcWhpw AXy¥mt]£nXamWv. CXn\mbn

ka
5 ]mt°PpIƒ°v A\paXn \¬Ip∂p.

ok
lo
(i) 202 tImSn cq]bpsS FdWmIpfw ]mt°Pv —

ul
M
ktlmZc≥ Aø∏≥ tdmUn¬ kuØv B¿H_n PwKvj\n¬

^vssf Hmhdpw Ip∂pw]pdw CEPZ PwKvjs‚bpw CS∏ffn tSmƒ
PwKvjs‚bpw \hoIcWhpw. ssh‰ne PwKvj\n¬ dnwKv tdmUv
Dƒs∏sS PwKvj≥ \hoIcWw.
(ii) 120 tImSn cq]bpsS sIm√w ]mt°Pv—B{imaw
en¶v tdmUns‚ B\µh√oizcw hscbpff FIvkvsS≥j≥
(Ccpºp]meØn\p kam¥c ]meaS°w).
(iii) 142 tImSn cq]bpsS Xriq¿ ]mt°Pv—sIm°mte
apX¬ ]qtØmƒ hsc sdbn¬ Hmh¿{_nUvPv, shÃv t^m¿ń¬
^vssf Hmh¿, CuÃv t^m¿´v, ]q¶p∂w, ]m´pcmbv°¬, Aizn\n
F∂o PwKvj\pIfpsS \hoIcWhpw.
12
(iv) 180 tImSn cq]bpsS tImgnt°mSv ]mt°Pv—
Cc™n∏mew, tXm≠bmSv F∂nhnSßfn¬ ^vssf HmhdpIƒ,
Imcm∏dºv, I√pØmwIShv, {^m≥knkv tdmUv, tNhmbq¿, a¶mhvv
F∂o PwKvj\pIfpw an\n ss_]mkv tdmUnse FwF¬F
PwKvj≥ F∂nhbpsS \hoIcWhpw.
(v) 250 tImSn cq]bpsS Xncph\¥]pcw ]mt°Pv —
dnwKv , tdUnb¬ tdmUpIƒ hgn am{Xta Xncph\¥]pcw
\KcØnse KXmKX°pcp°v ]cnlcn°m\mhq. 42 tImSn cq]
sNehp hcp∂ 14 In.ao. ssZ¿Lyapff IpfØq¿ ˛ {ioImcyw ˛
aÆ¥e ˛ t]cq¿°S dnwKv tdmUpw 240 tImSn cq] sNehp
hcp∂ 60 In.ao.sZ¿Lyapff awKe]pcw ˛ t]mØ≥tImSv ˛
IcIpfw ˛t]bmSv ˛ hngn™w F≥F®v ss_]mkv Hu´¿ dnwKv
tdmUpw DS\Sn \n¿ΩmWw Bcw`n°p∂XmWv. 125 tImSn cq]
an
ar
sNehn¬ \KctI{µØn¬ \n∂pw awKe]pctØbv°v 25 In.ao.

ka
\ofØn¬ tdUnb¬ tdmUpw Cu L´Øn¬ Xs∂ \n¿ΩmWw

ok
lo
Gs‰Sp°pw.
ul
M
25. aetbmc sslthbpsS Nne `mKßfpsS ]WnIƒ°v

CXn\Iw `cWm\paXn \¬Inbn´p≠v. ka{K tdmUp \n¿ΩmW
]≤XnbpsS `mKambn ]md»me apX¬ sIm√Øv Aenap°v
hscbpff 129 In.ao. ssZ¿Lyw 253 tImSn cq]bv°v A\paXn
\¬Ip∂p.
26. XoctZi sslthbv°pth≠n tdmUvkv B≥Uv
{_nUv P kv tIm¿∏tdj≥ amÃ¿ πm≥ Xømdm°nbn´p≠v .
42 In.ao. CXn\Iw ]p\cp≤cn®n´p≠v. Xncph\¥]pcw Pn√bnse
]qhm¿ apX¬ ae∏pdw Pn√bnse s]m∂m\n hsc hcp∂ 279
Intemao‰¿ 420 tImSn cq] sNehn¬ ]p\cp≤cn°m≥ A\paXn
\¬Ip∂p. Agnt°mSv ˛ ap\ºw ]meØn\pw A\paXn \¬Ipw.
13
s]m∂m\n apX¬ FeØq¿ hsc 4 hcn∏mX \n¿Ωn°m≥
tdmUvkv B≥Uv {_nUvPkv tIm¿∏tdjs\ CXn\Iw
NpaXes∏SpØnbn´p≠v.
27. Cu h¿jsØ \o≠ ag°mew ]Xnhn√mØhn[w
tdmUpIfpsS \ne timN\obam°n. XI¿®bpsS Kuchw
IW°nseSpØv tdmUpIƒ ASnb¥ncambn ]pXp°n∏Wnbm≥
_P‰n¬ hIbncpØnbXn\p ]pdsa Xt±i`cW ÿm]\ßƒ°v
346 tImSn cq] A\phZn®p. s]mXpacmaØp hIp∏n\v 700 tImSn
cq]bmWv A[nIambn A\phZn®Xv. F∂m¬ i‡amb agaqew
Unkw_¿ amkØnte \n¿ΩmW{]h¿Ø\w Bcw`n°m≥
Ign™pffq. Cu th\¬°mew Ahkm\n°p∂Xn\p apºv
tdmUp irwJe km[mcW \nebnemIpw F∂p Rm≥ Dd∏p
\¬Ip∂p.
an
ar
28. {KmaoW tdmUpIfpsS KpW\nehmcw Db¿Øp∂Xn\pw

ka
ok
Hcp ]cn]mSn th≠Xp≠v. CXn\v \memw [\Imcy IΩnj≥

lo
apt∂m´p sh® \n¿t±ißtfmSv ]q¿Æ tbmPn∏mWpffXv .

ul
M
ka{Kamb tdmUv \n¿ΩmW πm≥ D≠mhpIbpw

ap≥KW\m{IaØn¬ tdmUpIƒ Xncs™Sp°pIbpw thWw.
tdmUp \n¿ΩmWØn\v I¿°iamb am\ZWvUßƒ ]men°Ww.
A‰Ip‰∏WnIƒ°pff XpI Is≠ØnbXn\p tijta ]pXnb
tdmUpIƒ FSp°mhq. tdmUv sabn‚\≥kn\p Xt±i
kzbw`cW ÿm]\ßƒ°pff XpI 2010˛11- ˛ ¬ 203 tImSn
cq]bmbncp∂Xv 2011˛12˛¬ 528 tImSn cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p.
Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\ßfpsS hm¿jnI ]≤Xnbv ° v
AwKoImcw e`n°p∂Xn\p apºpXs∂ sabn‚\≥kv {Km‚v
D]tbmKs∏SpØn s^{_phcn amkØn¬ Xs∂ sabn‚\≥kv
h¿°pIƒ°v `cWm\paXn \¬Imhp∂XmWv. CXp ]n∂oSv
]≤Xnbnepƒs∏SpØnbm¬ aXnbmIpw. ]Xns\m∂mw ]≤XnbpsS
14
am¿§\n¿t±iw A\pkcn®v 20 iXam\ambncp∂p ]›mØe
taJebv°pff hnlnXw. CXv 40 iXam\ambn Db¿Øp∂p.
29. Ign™ Ggph¿jØntesdbmbn AZ¿ Unkv{SnIvSv
tdmUp kw_‘n®v s]mXpacmaØv hIp∏pw Xt±ikzbw`cW
ÿm]\ßfpw XΩn¬ X¿°w \ne\n¬°pIbmWv. X∑qew
tdmUpIfpsS A‰Ip‰∏Wn kabmkabw \S°msX t]mbn.
DSaÿmhImiw t\m°msX XI¿∂ tdmUpIƒ ]Wnbp∂Xn\v
]nUªypUnbv°v A\phmZw \¬Inbn´p≠v. ]t£, C∂sØ
Ahyhÿm]camb ÿnXnhntijw Ahkm\n∏nt°≠Xp≠v.
Ct∏mƒ ]nUªypUn Gs‰SpØncn°p∂p F∂p {]Jym]n®
tdmUpIƒ Hcp am\ZWvUhpw ]men°msXbmWv
Xn´s∏SpØnbn´pffXv. ]nUªypUn IrXyamb am\ZWvUßƒ
{]Jym]n°pIbpw AhbpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ FwUnB¿ B°n
an
amt‰≠ tdmUpIƒ Gs‰Sp°pIbpamWv sNtø≠Xv.

ar
ka
30. t\csØ {]Jym]n® 1000 tImSn cq]bv ° p ]pdsa

ok
hm¿jnI ]≤Xnbn¬ s]mXpacmaØp hIp∏n\p 586 tImSn cq]

lo
ul
hIbncpØnbn´p≠vv.
M
(i) sIFkvSn]n c≠mwL´Øn¬ 250 tImSn cq] apS°n

sNß∂q¿ ˛ aqhm‰p]pg, Imk¿tImSv ˛ Im™ßmSv,
Xeticn˛hfhp]md F∂o 165 Intemao‰¿ tdmUpIfpsS
]p\cp≤mcWhpw Cehp]mew ˛ sX∑e, sImńbw ˛ Ip≠d,
Xriq¿ ˛ Nq≠¬, FS°mSv ˛ t]cm{º F∂o 82 In.ao.
tdmUpIfpsS slhn sabn‚\≥kpw Gs‰Sp°p∂XmWv.
(ii) \_m¿Un¬ \n∂v 147 tImSn cq] Xmsg ]dbp∂
]meßƒ°pw tdmUpIƒ°pambn hIbncpØp∂p.
]meßƒ : Iogm‰q¿IShv (Xncph\¥]pcw), Cca√n°c,
]p√ßmSn (Be∏pg), tXm´papJw (Xriq¿), a{ºw ImWmºpg
_≠v (IÆq¿).
15
tdmUpIƒ : sIm´mc°c ˛ imkvXmwtIm´, NmØ∂q¿ ˛
]dhq¿, ap´Øn∏dºv ˛ A¿Øp¶¬, tN¿Øe ˛ XÆo¿ap°w,
sh¶nSßv ˛ Xriq¿, sNºntemSv ˛ aeºpg I\m¬, tat\m≥
]md ˛ I©nt°mSv, Iqºmd ˛ AIºpg, IpfßØv ˛ KpfnI∏pg,
FSq¿ ˛ c≠mwIShv, apt≠cnb ˛ Ipºf
(iii) tImgnt°mSv ss_]mkv (_nFw B≥Uv _nkn),
]gb∂q¿ en¶v tdmUv, I°S ˛ s]Æp°c, ]ffØv PwKvj≥ ˛
Xmac°pfw F∂o tdmUpIƒ°pw, A°c∏mSw (tIm´bw),
Bań°c (]me°mSv ) , sXm≠mfn°Shv (tImgnt°mSv ) ,
ImWt®cn, ]pfn¶p∂v ˛ Imhmew, apt´¬ (Be∏pg), hSt°
s]mbneq¿ (IÆq¿), ]pe°m´pIc (Xriq¿), Iq´pwhmXn¬°¬
IShv (ImbwIpfw) F∂o ]meßƒ°pw 44 tImSn cq]
s]mXpacmaØp hIp∏n\v hIbncpØp∂p.
an
ar
(iv) kwÿm\ sslthbpsS ]p\cp≤mcWØn\v 55 tImSn

ka
ok
cq]bpw {][m\ Pn√m tdmUpIƒ°v s]mXpacmaØp hIp∏n\v 66

lo
tImSn cq]bpw hIbncpØp∂p. tdmUv ^≠v t_m¿Uns‚bpw

ul
M
tdmUv k v B≥Uv {_nUv P kv tIm¿∏tdjs‚bpw ka{K

]cn]mSntbmSv kwtbmPn∏n®pthWw Ch \S∏mt°≠Xv.
31. Be∏pgbnse I\m¬ ipNoIcW ]≤Xnbv°p 9 tImSn
cq] hIbncpØp∂p. tIm´bw, Be∏pg \KcßfpsS PwKvj≥
\hoIcWØn\v ap≥KW\ \¬Ip∂XmWv . a´mt©cn∏mew
]pXp°n∏Wnbp∂XmWv. Be∏pg Ing°≥ ss_]mkn\v 40
tImSn cq]bmWv AS¶¬.
32. k¿, tdmUp \n¿ΩmWØn\v sabn‚\≥kv Dƒs∏sS
F√m GP≥knIfpw IqSn 2011˛12˛¬ 4000 tImSn cq]bmWv
sNehgn°pI. CXv A`qX]q¿hamb sdt°mUmWv. CtXmsSm∏w
40,000 tImSn cq]bpsS ka{K tdmUv ]p\cp≤mcW ]≤Xnbv°pw
16
XpS°w Ipdn°pIbmWv . Cu ]›mØeØn¬ i‡amb
KthjW ]n¥pW IqSntb Xocq. CXn\mbn Xncph\¥]pcw
F©n\obdnwKv tImtfPn¬ sSÃv {Sm°v kuIcytØmSp IqSnb
{Sm≥kvt]m¿´v dnk¿®v sk‚¿ Bcw`n°p∂XmWv. CXn\mbn 5
tImSn cq] A\phZn°p∂p. Ct∏mgsØ tIcf sslth dnk¿®v
sk‚¿ {Un°ns‚ IqSn Bÿm\ambn amdpw. Un]nB¿
Xømdm°p∂Xn\p ]pdsa Izmfn‰n I¨t{Smfpw ChcpsS
NpaXebnembncn°pw. Cu ]pXnb kwhn[m\Øn\v 5 tImSn cq]
A\phZn°p∂p. k¿, tIcfØnse tdmUp hnIk\ Ncn{XØn¬
2011˛12se _P‰v Hcp ]pXnb A[ymbw Xpd°pIbmWv.
an
III
ar
ka
a‰p ]›mØe kuIcy \nt£]ßƒ

ok
lo
ul
33. tZiob]mX 47, 17 F∂nh \mephcnbm°p∂Xn\v

M
kwÿm\sØ cmjv{Sob∏m¿ńIƒ XΩn¬ A`n{]mb

ka\zbap≠mbn´p≠v . \jv S ]cnlmchpw ]p\c[nhmkhpw
kw_‘n®v F√mhcpw AwKoIcn°p∂ Hcp ]mt°Pmbn
tI{µk¿°m¿ A\phZn°p∂Xn\p ]pdsa hym]mcnIfpsS
]p\c[nhmkØn\pw a‰pw th≠p∂ XpI kwÿm\ k¿°m¿
Is≠Ømsa∂mWv [mcWbmbn´pffXv. CXntebv°v 25 tImSn
cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
XpdapJßƒ
34. hngn™w A¥¿t±iob Is≠bn\¿ {Sm≥kvjn]vsa‚ v
sS¿an\ens‚ \n¿ΩmWw c≠pLámbn´mWv ]q¿Ønbm°pI.
2500 tImSn cq] sNehp hcp∂ H∂mwL´Øns‚ {]h¿Ø\w
17
Bcw`n®pIgn™p. CXntebv°v 150 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
H∂mwL´w ]q¿ØoIcn°p∂tXmsS c≠mwL´w IqSpX¬
BI¿jIamIpsa∂pw a’cmSnÿm\Øn¬ A\ptbmPy
]¶mfnsb Dd∏m°m≥ Ignbpsa∂pamWv IcpXp∂Xv. hnim¬
F∂ k¿°m¿ Iº\nbmWv Cu L´Ønse {]h¿Ø\ßƒ
Gs‰Sp°p∂Xv. hmbv] e`yam°m\pff I¨tkm¿jyØn\p
cq]w \¬Inbn´p≠v. 14 h¿jw sIm≠mWv hmbv]
Xncn®Sbvt°≠n hcnI.
35. CXn\p ]pdsa a‰p sNdpInS XpdapJßfpsS
{]h¿Ø\hpw apt∂m´p sIm≠pt]mtI≠Xp≠v . X¶ticn
t]m¿ń\v 18 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. Ago°¬ t]m¿ń\v
3000 tImSn cq]bpsS kwbp‡ hnIk\ ]cn]mSnbv ° v
KpPdmØnse ap{Z t]m¿´v k pambn [mcWbnseØnbn´p≠v .
an
ar
Be∏pg ado\˛Iw˛Im¿tKm, t_∏q¿ (177 tImSn cq]), X¶ticn

ka
(160 tImSn cq]), s]m∂m\n (763 tImSn cq]) F∂nh sS≥U¿

ok
\S]SnIfpsS L´ØnemWv . XoctZi KXmKXØn\pff

lo
ul
I∏epIƒ hmßp∂Xn\p 2 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.

M
thymabm\w
36. Xncph\¥]pcw Fb¿t]m¿ńs‚ ]pXnb sS¿an\¬
ASpØ Znhkw {][m\a{¥n DZv L mS\w sNøpIbmWv .
tImgnt°mSv Fb¿t]m¿´v hnIk\Øn\mhiyamb `qan k¿°m¿
sNehn¬ Gs‰Sp°m\pff \S]SnIƒ {ZpXKXnbn¬
\S∂phcnIbmWv. CXn\v 25 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. IÆq¿
Fb¿t]m¿ńs‚ H∂mwL´ \n¿ΩmWØn\pff `qan Gs‰SpØp
Ign™p. Iº\n cq]oIcn®v Hmlcn kamlcWw
\S∂psIm≠ncn°pbmWv . c≠ph¿jØn\pffn¬ IÆq¿
hnam\Ømhfw bmYm¿∞yamIpw. A\p_‘ {]h¿Ø\
ßƒ°mbn 10 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
18
sdbn¬th
37. sX°phS°v AXnthK sdbn¬∏mXbv°pff
km[yXm]T\w Zn√n sat{Sm \SØnhcnIbmWv. CXn\mbn 20
tImSn cq] Ah¿°p ssIamdnbn´p≠v. hniZamb Un]nB¿
Xømdm°p∂Xn\v 20 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. 50,000-˛Øntesd
tImSn cq] sNehp hcp∂ Cu ]≤Xnbv ° v DNnXamb
_nkn\kv tamUeneqsS ]Ww Is≠Øm\mhpw
Fs∂\n°pd∏p≠v. sIm®n sat{Sm tI{µ˛kwÿm\
k¿°mcpIfpsS kwbp‡ kwcwàmbn Bcw`n°m\pff
A\paXn tI{µ [\ImcyhIp∏v \¬Inbnń√. CXp e`n°psa∂
ip`{]Xo£bpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬, sat{Sm ]Wnbptºmƒ
A\nhmcyambn hcp∂ sdbn¬ Hmh¿ {_nUv P pIƒ°pw
an
tdmUpIƒ°pambn 156 tImSn cq]bpsS \hoIcW

ar
]cn]mSnIƒ°v A\phmZw \¬In°gn™p.

ka
ok
hyhkmb ]m¿°pIƒ
lo
ul
M
38. Cu k¿°m¿ A[nImcØn¬ hcptºmƒ hyhkmb

Bhiyßƒ°mbn Gs‰SpØncp∂ `qanbpsS hnkvXrXn 3000
G°dmbncp∂p. Ign™ A©ph¿jØn\nSbn¬ am{Xw 3700
G°¿ `qan IqSn Gs‰Sp°m\pff \S]Sn ]q¿Ønbm°n.
hyhkmb ]m¿°pIfntebv°pff tdmUpIƒ°v 10 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p.
39. sIm®nbn¬ In≥{^bpsS ]°epff 75 G°¿ ÿeØv
400 tImSn cq] apX¬apS°n¬ A¥¿t±iob \nehmcapff Hcp
FIvkn_nj≥˛Iw˛C≥Ukv{Snb¬ sk‚¿ ÿm]n°p∂XmWv.
sIm®n sam_nen‰n l_n\pff {]tXyI [\klmbambn
20 tImSn cq] skmssk‰nbv°v A\phZn°p∂p.
19
hmXI irwJe
40. sIm®nbnse F¬F≥Pn sS¿an\epw _wKeqcp,
awKem]pcw, ImbwIpfw F∂nhnSßfntebv°pff
hmXI ss]∏vsse\pIfpw ÿm]n°s∏´p Ign™m¬
sIFkvsFUnkn˛bpsSbpw sKbnens‚bpw B`napJyØn¬
kwÿm\sØ F√m {][m\s∏´ \Kcßfntebv°pw kπnsa‚dn
hmXI hn\nab irwJe ÿm]n°p∂Xn\v 12 tImSn cq]
\o°nshbv°p∂p.
Pe]mX
41. tZiob Pe]mXIfpsS hnIk\Øn\pw Dƒ\mS≥
PeKXmKXØn\pambn 94 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
IS¬`nØn \n¿ΩmWØn\pff XpIbpw CXnepƒs∏Spw.
an
ar
sshZypXntaJe
ka
ok
42. sshZypXn taJebnse G‰hpw henb t\´w hnXcW

lo
cwKØmWv. 50 aWvUeßƒ kºq¿Wambn sshZypXoIcn®p.

ul
M
am¿®v Ahkm\n°p∂Xn\p apºv as‰mcp 50 aWvUew IqSn Cu

t\´w ssIhcn°pw. A©ph¿jambn tIcfØn¬ ]h¿Iń√.
Xm¬°menIambn G¿s∏SpØs∏´ k¿®m¿Pv HgnsI sshZypXn
Nm¿Pv Db¿Ønbnń√. {]kcW\jvSw 2005˛06˛¬
24.6 iXam\ambncp∂Xv 2009˛10˛¬ 17.2 iXam\ambn Ipd®p.
2001- ˛ 06˛¬ 26 saKmhm´v sshZypXn D¬]mZ\tijnbmWv
Iqńt®¿ØsX¶n¬ 2006-˛11 ImeØv CXv 204 saKmhm´v BWv.
43. sshZypXn taJebpsS AS¶¬ 1088 tImSn cq]bmWv.
\nehn¬ \n¿ΩmWØnencn°p∂ 331 saKmhm´v
ÿm]nXtijnbpff 12 CSØcw sNdpInS PesshZypX
]≤XnIƒ°mWv CXn¬ 149 tImSn cq]. CXn\p ]pdsa 188
20
saKmhm´v ÿm]nXtijnbpff 17 ]pXnb PesshZypX
]≤XnIƒ°p XpS°w Ipdn°m\mbn 10 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØnbn´p≠v. ]pXnb k_vtÃj\pIƒ°mbn 250 tImSn
cq]bpw hIbncpØp∂p. 6800 Intemao‰¿ ]pXnb sse\pIƒ
hen°p∂Xn\pw 5000 {Sm≥kvt^m¿adpIƒ ÿm]n°p∂Xn\pw
5 e£w k¿hokv IW£≥ \¬Ip∂Xn\pambn 229 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p.
44. k¿, {]Xnamkw 10 cq] \nc°n¬ 1 tImSn D]t`m‡m
°fn¬ \n∂pw CuSm°nhcp∂ ao‰¿ hmSI Hgnhm°p∂p.
CXns‚ êambn sshZypXnt_m¿Un\v 120 tImSn cq]bpsS
hcpam\\jvSw D≠mIpw.
an
IV
ar
ka
s]mXptaJebpsS Ncn{Xapt∂‰w
ok
lo
ul
45. ta¬∏d™ ]›mØekuIcyßƒ tIcfsØ

M
BI¿jIamb \nt£]tI{µam°pw F∂Xn\p kwiban√.

sXmgnehImißƒ, ]cnÿnXn kwc£Ww, `qhn\ntbmK\bw
F∂nhbn¬ shffw tN¿°msX kzImcyaqe[\w h≥ tXmXn¬
BI¿jnt® Xocq. kwhmZßƒ°p ]Icw F¥pw hnhmZam°n
am‰p∂Xn\pff {]hWX tIcfØnse \nt£]Øn\p
hneßpXSnbmbn amdnbncn°pIbmWv . Cu ÿnXnbv ° v
AdpXnhcpØntb ]‰q. tIcfsØ \nt£]kulrZ
kwÿm\am°m\pff \n¿WmbIamb ktµiw kwÿm\
s]mXptaJebn¬ \n∂mWpbcp∂Xv. 2005˛06-˛¬ 96 tImSn cq]
\jv S ap≠m°nb s]mXptaJem hyhkmb ÿm]\ßƒ
2010˛11˛¬ 300 tImSn cq]bntesd em`w krjvSn°pw.
21
s]mXptaJem hyhkmbÿm]\ßƒ emÌcambn \SØmhp∂
kmlNcyw tIcfØneps≠¶n¬ kzImcy kwcwÌ¿°v
F¥psIm≠v Bbn°qSm? CXmWv Cu A\p`hw Db¿Øp∂
tNmZyw.
46. k¿, Ign™ _P‰n¬ 125 tImSn cq]bpsS F´p ]pXnb
hyhkmb t{]mPIvSpIƒ {]Jym]n°pIbp≠mbn. Cu _P‰v k`
]mkm°p∂Xn\p apºv Ch F´pw DZv L mS\w sNøs∏Spw.
kam\XIfn√mØ Cu t\´w ssIhcn® hyhkmb hIp∏ns\
A`n\µn°m≥ F√mhcpw Ft∂msSm∏w tNcpsa∂pd∏mWv.
\nehnepff s]mXptaJem ÿm]\ßfpsS 260 tImSn cq]bpsS
9 hn]peoIcW t{]mPIvSpIfn¬ BsdÆhpw Cu h¿jw Xs∂
]q¿ØoIcn°pw. G‰hpw {][m\w sFFkv B ¿Hbpambn
an
]¶ptN¿∂pff ssS‰m\nbw kvt]m©ns‚ D¬]mZ\amWv. k¿,

ar
hmWnPymSnÿm\Øn¬ Cu kmt¶XnIhnZy {]tbmP\

ka
ok
s∏SpØp∂ GgmasØ cmPyambn CtXmsS C¥y amdpIbmWv.

lo
ul
47. djy≥ kmt¶XnIhnZy {]tbmP\s∏SpØn

M
sIFwFwF√pw skbnepambpff kwbp‡kwcwàmbn

Nhdbn¬ ssS‰m\nbw sa‰¬ D¬]mZ\w Bcw`n°p∂XmWv.
2000 tImSn cq]bmbncn°pw apX¬apS°v. Cu ]≤Xn
IW°nseSpØv Snknknbn¬ C¬ass\‰v kwkv°cn°p∂Xn\v
sIFwFwF√pw Snknknbpw as‰mcp kwbp‡ kwcw`w
Bcw`n°pw. 100 tImSn cq]bmWv CXns‚ {]Xo£nX sNehv.
Cu hn]peoIcW {]h¿Ø\ßƒ°p KthjW ]n¥pW
\¬Ip∂Xn\mbn 5 tImSn apX¬apS°n¬ sIFwFwF¬
Imºkn¬ an\d¬ dnk¿®v C≥Ãn‰yq´v ÿm]n°p∂XmWv.
48. Xmsg ]dbp∂ A©p ]pXnb kwcw`ßƒ
s]mXptaJebn¬ Hcp h¿jØn\pffn¬ ÿm]n°pw. Chbv°pw
22
a‰p s]mXptaJem ÿm]\ßƒ°pambn 65 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. _m°n Bhiyamb ]Ww a‰p s]mXptaJem
ÿm]\ßfpsS em`Øn¬\n∂pw hmbv]bmbpw Is≠Øpw.
(i) ae_m¿ kv ] n∂nwKv B≥Uv hohnwKv an¬ 25,000
kv]n≥UnepIfpff B[p\nI ^mIvSdnbmbn ]p\cp≤cn®n´p≠v.
F∂menhnsS s\bvØn√. ChnsS 15 tImSn apS°n s\bvØpime
IqSn Bcw`n°p∂XmWv.
(ii) bixicoc\mb sI. IcpWmIc\S°w At\Iw
cmjv{Sobt\Xm°fpsS I¿Ω]mTimebmbncp∂p Xriqcnse
koXmdmw sSIvssÃ¬kv. 20 tImSn apS°n CXv B[p\oIcn
°p∂XmWv.
(iii) ]gb {]Xm]tØmsS sI¬t{Sm¨ ]p\chXcn
an
ar
°pIbmWv. \hoIcWØn\v 50 tImSn cq] apX¬apS°p∂XmWv.

ka
(iv) sI√n¬ 20 tImSn cq] apX¬apS°n¬

ok
lo
am\p^mIvNdnwKv ]h¿ {Sm≥kvt^m¿adpIƒ D¬]mZn∏n°m\pff

ul
M
]pXnb s{]mUIvSv sse≥ ÿm]n°pw.

(v) tIcf tÃ‰v {UKv k v B≥Uv ^m¿akyqń°¬kv
PnFw]n \nehmcw ]pe¿Øp∂ 10 tImSn cq]bpsS ]pXnb
_o‰m emIvSw ^mIvSdn ]q¿ØoIcn®p. Cu _P‰v
]mkmIp∂Xn\p apºv 33 tImSn cq]bpsS t\m¨ _o‰memIvSw
^mIvSdnbv°v Xd°√nSpw.
(vi) Be∏pgbnse tIcf kv]nt∂gvkv tZikm¬°cn®p.
AhnsS 36 tImSn cq] apX¬apS°n¬ ]q¿Ønbm°nb ]pXnb
kv ] n∂nwKv B≥Uv hohnwKv s^{_phcn 15˛\v DZv L mS\w
sNøpIbmWv. Cu ^mIvSdn hf∏n¬ 30 tImSn cq] sNehgn®v
tlmkntbdn \n¿ΩmW ^mIvSdn Bcw`n°p∂XmWv.
23
49. s]cpºmhqcnse {Smh≥Iq¿ dtbm¨kv, Ip≠dbnse
Aen≥Uv, tImgnt°mSv tImw{SÃv (sSIvssÃ¬kv) F∂nhbpw
tZikm¬°cn°m≥ Xocpam\n®n´p≠v. \nba\n¿ΩmWØn\v
{]knU‚ns‚ ap≥Iq¿ A\phmZØn\v Ab®ncn°pIbmWv.
s]cpºmhqcn¬ \qX\ ssh⁄m\nI hyhkmbßfpsS Hcp
l∫pw Ip≠dbn¬ AXym[p\nI CeIv{Sn°¬ hyhkmbhpw
Bcw`n°p∂XmWv . tImw{SÃns‚ sSIv s sÃ¬ Unhnj≥
B[p\nIhXvIcn°pIbpw Bÿm\ aµncw ss]XrI aµncambn
kwc£n°pIbpw sNøpw.
50. Xncph\¥]pcsØ sse^v kb≥kv ]m¿°n\v 5 tImSn
cq]bpw sIm®nbnse CeIvt{SmWnIv lm¿Uvshb¿ ]m¿°n\v
9 tImSn cq]bpw sIm®n tImbºØq¿ C≥Ukv { Snb¬
an
tImdntUmdn\v 5 tImSn cq]bpw IÆqcnse sFPnknbv ° v

ar
6 tImSn cq]bpw Ip‰ymSnbnse tIm°\´v C≥Ukv { Snb¬

ka
ok
]m¿°n\v 5 tImSn cq]bpw sImSpß√qcnse Hm¿Km\nIv

lo
C≥Ukv{Snb¬ ]m¿°n\v 3 tImSn cq]bpw hIbncpØp∂p.

ul
M
\mZm]pcØv ]pXpXmbn BtcmKyhyhkmb ]m¿°v ÿm]n°m≥

3 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
51. Ip‰n∏pdØpw sIm√w ]ndh¥qcpw ]pXnb In≥{^m
C≥Ukv{Snb¬ ]m¿°pIƒ ÿm]n°p∂Xn\v 11 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. A∏mc¬ ]m¿°n\v 5 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. IÆqcnse \mjW¬ C≥Ãn‰yq´v Hm^v ^mj≥
sSIvt\mfPn°v 17 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. ^nenw B≥Uv
hoUntbm ]m¿°n\v 3 tImSn cq]bpw ASq¿ `£y]m¿°n\v 2
tImSn cq]bpw sIm®n _tbmsSIvt\mfPn ]m¿°n\p 2 tImSn
cq]bpw hIbncpØp∂p. In≥{^m ]m¿°pIƒ°p th≠n samØw
67 tImSn cq]bmWv hIbncpØnbn´pffXv.
24
V
]pØ≥ hf¿®m taJeIƒ
hnhckmt¶XnI hnZy
52. k¿, kwÿm\Øns‚ Xm¬]cyßƒ ]q¿Wambn
kwc£n®psIm≠v kv a m¿´v kn‰n bmYm¿∞yamhpIbmWv .
hnIk\w thWsa¶n¬ \nt£]IcpsS XmfØn\p XpffpItb
hgnbpffq F∂ hmZ°m¿°v adp]SnbmWv kvam¿´v kn‰n. 62 e£w
NXpc{i ASn sIńS hnkvXrXn kvam¿´v kn‰nbnep≠mIpw. AXp
]q¿ØnbmIptºmƒ kvam¿´v kn‰nbv°p kao]w Ah¿°p
hn´psImSp°msa∂v Ign™ k¿°m¿ hm°p sImSpØ C≥t^m
]m¿°v 51 e£w NXpc{i ASn hnkvXo¿WØn¬ kzX{¥ambn
an
Xebpb¿Øn \n¬°pw. CXn\Iw `mKnIambn ]q¿ØoIcn®

ar
sImcń, tN¿Øe sFSn ]m¿°pIfpw kwÿm\ k¿°mcns‚

ka
C—mi‡nbpsS {]XoIamWv.
ok
lo
53. k¿, A©p sIm√wsIm≠v sFSn ]m¿°pIfpsS

ul
M
hnkv X rXn 339 G°dn¬ \n∂v 2261 G°dmbn Db¿Øn.

sIńSßfpsS hnkvXrXnbmIs´ 18.9 e£w NXpc{i ASnbn¬
\n∂v 76.1 e£w NXpc{i ASnbmbn. 39 e£w NXpc{i ASn
sIńSßƒ \n¿ΩmWØnencn°p∂p. Ch ]q¿ØoIcn°s∏Sp
tºmƒ c≠pe£w t]¿°v sXmgn¬ e`n°pw. SnknFkv ,
C≥t^mknkv, hnt{]m XpSßnb ]e kzImcy Iº\nIfpw
henb tXmXn¬ kwÿm\Øp \nt£]w \SØnbn´p≠v. tIcfw
{][m\s∏´ Hcp sFSn sUÃnt\j\m°n am‰m≥ Cu
k¿°mcn\p Ign™n´p≠v.
54. tIcf tÃ‰v C≥^¿taj≥ sSIvt\mfPn anj\v 30 tImSn
cq]bpw C¥y≥ C≥Ãn‰yq´v Hm^v C≥^¿taj≥ sSIvt\mfPn
25
amt\Pv s a‚n\v 9 tImSn cq]bpw hIbncpØp∂p. sFSn
]m¿°pIƒ°v IqSpX¬ `qan Gs‰Sp°m≥ 102 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. A£b t{]mPIvSn\v 3 tImSn cq]bpw A£b
sXmgn¬kwcwÌ¿°v t{]m’ml\ [\klmbw \¬Im≥
as‰mcp 2 tImSn cq]bpw hIbncpØp∂p.
Sqdnkw
55. kwÿm\sØ G‰hpw thKØn¬ hfcp∂
kmºØnIØpdbmWv Sqdnkw. C¥ybnseØp∂ hntZi
SqdnÃpIfn¬ 12 iXam\w tIcfw kµ¿in°p∂p≠v. 105 tImSn
cq]bmWv Sqdnkw taJebpsS AS¶¬.
56. kzImcykwcwÌscbpw SqdnÃpIsfbpw BI¿jn°m≥
ùXnI kuIcyßƒ C\nbpw sa®s∏SpØm\pw am¿°‰nwKn\pw
an
th≠n 60 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. ]pXnb Sqdnkw

ar
ka
D¬]∂ßsfbpw kzImcy kwcwÌscbpw t{]m’mln∏n°m≥

ok
6.5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. Be∏pgbnepw tImgnt°mSpw

lo
ul
]pXnb tlmépIƒ Bcw`n°m≥ sISnUnknbv°v 5 tImSn cq]

M
hIbncpØp∂p. tIcf {Smh¬ am¿ń\v 1 tImSn cq]

hIbncpØp∂p.
57. Cu k¿°mcns‚ BZy _P‰v {]kwKØn¬
apt∂m´psh® BibamWv apkncnkv ss]XrI ]≤Xn.
DffS°Øns‚bpw kao]\Øns‚bpw \qX\Xzwaqew
c≠ph¿jw th≠nh∂p CXv {]h¿Øn]YØnseØn°m≥.
C∂nt∏mƒ tZiob˛A¥¿t±iob {i≤mtI{µambn
s°m≠ncn°p∂ ss]XrI kwc£W ]≤Xnbmbn apkncnkv
amdnbncn°p∂p. samØw 150 tImSn cq] AS¶en¬ 40 tImSn
cq] tI{µk¿°m¿ Xcp∂XmWv. 88 tImSn cq]bpsS \n¿ΩmW
]p\cp≤mcW {]h¿Ø\ßƒ \S∂phcnIbmWv . apkncnkv
26
]≤XnbpsS `mKambn ]´Ww ayqknbØn\mbn
sIknF®v B dn\p 2 tImSn cq], Ip™n°p´≥ Xºpcm≥
tImtfPv kmwkv°mcnI kap®bØn\mbn hnZym`ymk hIp∏n\v
5 tImSn cq], tImÍfpsS ]p\cp≤mcWØn\v ]pcmhkvXp
hIp∏n\p 2 tImSn cq], hmb\m kma{KnIfpsS
{]kn≤oIcWØn\mbn _mekmlnXy C≥Ãn‰yqń\v 1 tImSn
cq], ayqknbßƒ°v 4 tImSn cq], SqdnkØn\v 6 tImSn cq]
F∂nßs\ 20 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
58. apkncnkv amXrIbn¬ Xeticn ss]XrI ]≤Xnbv°pw
cq]w \¬Inbn´p≠v. CXnse hnhn[ kvIoapIƒ°mbn 27 tImSn
cq]bpsS `cWm\paXn \¬In°gn™p. 2011˛12-˛tebv°v 20 tImSn
cq] hIbncpØp∂p. Be∏pgbv°pff amÃ¿πm≥
Xømdmbns°m≠ncn°pIbmWv. CXns‚ {]mcw`
an
ar
{]h¿Ø\ßƒ°mbn 10 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.

ka
ok
59. apkncnkv ss]XrI ]≤Xnbv°v e`n®ncn°p∂

lo
A¥¿t±iob AwKoImcw Hcp ]pXnb BibØn\p cq]w

ul
M
\¬Inbncn°pIbmWv. ‘kn¬°v dqń’˛s‚ amXrIbn¬ Hcp

‘kv s s]kv dq´v ’ ss]XrI ]≤Xnbv ° p cq]w \¬Ip∂Xp
kw_‘n®p bps\kvtImbpambn N¿®Iƒ \SØn
s°m≠ncn°pIbmWv . kv s s]kv dq´pambn _‘s∏Sp∂
{]apJcmPyßfnse Aw_mknU¿amcpambn am¿®n¬ U¬lnbn¬
sh®v bps\kv t Im ap≥ssIsbSpØp N¿® \S°pIbmWv .
apkncnkn\p ]pdsa Xncph\¥]pcw, A©psXßv, sIm√w,
sIm®n, Be∏pg, s]m∂m\n, ]¥embn\n, ]c∏\ßmSn, t_∏q¿,
tImgnt°mSv, Xet»cn, IÆq¿, t_°¬ F∂o tI{µßsf
kvss]kv dq´v ss]XrI t{]mPIvSn¬ Dƒs∏SpØp∂XmWv.
bps\kvtIm Xømdm°nb t^m¿´psIm®n ˛ a´mt©cn
I¨k¿thj≥ ]≤Xn \S∏m°m≥ 10 tImSn cq]
27
A\phZn°p∂p. kvss]kv dq´v ]≤XnbpsS {]mcw`
{]h¿Ø\ßƒ°mbn as‰mcp 5 tImSn cq] IqSn A\phZn°p∂p.
sIm®n ˛ apkncnkv _n\mse F∂ A¥¿t±iob B¿´v
s^Ãnshen\v 5 tImSn cq] A\phZn°p∂p.
VI
ka{K kmaqlykpc£m ]≤Xn
60. ]m∏coIcn°s∏Sp∂ P\e£ßfpsS PohnXkpc£bv°v
h≥InS ]›mØe kuIcyßƒ°pw sFSn, Sqdnkw XpSßnb
taJeItfmsSm∏w {]m[m\yw \¬Ip∂ hnIk\ X{¥Øn\p
{]tbmKnI cq]w \¬InbXmWv Cu k¿°mcns‚ G‰hpw
an
{][m\s∏´ kw`mh\.
ar
ka
61. t£as]≥j\pIƒ°pw a‰pambn Ign™ k¿°mcns‚

ok
ImeØv {]Xnh¿jw 134 tImSn cq] sNehgn®t∏mƒ Cu

lo
ul
k¿°mcns‚ ImeØv AXv 389 tImSn cq]bmbn Db¿∂p.

M
`£yk_vknUn Cu Imebfhn¬ 34 tImSn cq]bn¬ \n∂v

235 tImSn cq]bmbn Db¿Øn. c≠pe£tØmfw t]¿°v `qan,
A©pe£w IpSpw_ßƒ°p hoSv, 12 e£w IpSpw_ßƒ°p
IpSnshffw, GXm≠v F√m hoSn\pw shfn®w, k¿,
t£acwKsØ t\´ßƒ°p kam\XIfn√. AkwLSnX
taJebn¬ {]khmh[n, BtcmKy C≥jzd≥kv , hcpam\
Dd∏p]≤Xn, Aø¶mfn \Kc sXmgnepd∏p ]≤Xn, ImbnIhpw
am\knIhpamb sh√phnfnIƒ t\cnSp∂h¿°pff {]tXyI
]cnc£, kq£vahmbv]m k_vknUn XpSßn ]e ]pXnb
kv ° oapIfpw Bhnjv I cn®p. ChbmsI tIm¿ØnW°n
hnShpIƒ \nIØn ka{Kamb Hcp kmaqlykpc£m
28
]≤Xnbv°p cq]w \¬Ip∂Xn\pff \n¿t±iamWv Cu _P‰nse
c≠masØ {][m\ {]Jym]\w.
62. kmaqly kpc£m ]≤XnIƒ cq]oIcn°p∂Xns‚
BZy]Sn _n]nF¬ enÃv Xømdm°emWv. tI{µk¿°mcns‚
11.5 e£w _n]nF¬ hn`mKØn¬ hcp∂hcpsSbpw kwÿm\
k¿°mcns‚ _n]nF¬ enÃn¬ Dƒs∏Sp∂ 20 e£w
t]cpsSbpw t]cpIƒ Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\mSnÿm\Øn¬
]ckys∏SpØnbn´p≠v . CXn¬ Dƒs∏SmsX t]mbn´pff
A¿lcmbhsc C\nbpw Dƒs∏SpØp∂XmWv. Aßs\
35˛40 e£w IpSpw_ßsf _n]nF¬ IpSpw_ßfmbn
kwÿm\w AwKoIcn°pw. Ch¿s°√mw kmaqlykpc£m
]≤Xnbn¬ kuP\y ]¶mfnØap≠mIpw. a‰pffh¿°v
AwiZmbaS®v ]≤Xnbn¬ AwKamImw. F√m _n]nF¬
an
ar
IpSpw_ßƒ°pw hniZamb _tbmsa{SnIv Xncn®dnb¬ Im¿Uv

ka
\¬Im\pff {]h¿Ø\w tI{µkv I oapambn kwtbmPn∏n®p

ok
lo
\S∏m°pw. kmaqlykpc£m ]≤Xn ]q¿W {]h¿Ø\

ul
]YØnseØm≥ CXv AXy¥mt]£nXamWv.

M
63. Ign™ _P‰pIfn¬ apt∂m´psh® t£akvIoapIsf

]q¿hm[nIw i‡ns∏SpØn ka{K kmaqlykpc£m ]≤Xnbv°p
cq]w \¬Im\pff \n¿t±ißƒ ]dbs´.
(i) Cu k¿°m¿ A[nImcØn¬ hcptºmƒ
t£as]≥j≥ XpI 100˛110 cq]bmbncp∂p. Ign™
_P‰pIfneqsS CXv 300 cq]bmbn. CXv A™qdm°pIbmWv
e£yw. k¿, C°pdn AXv Rm≥ 400 cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p.
Hcmƒ°v Hcp tI{µ/kwÿm\ s]≥jt\ A¿lXbp≠mIq.
Adp]Xphbkp Ign™ F√m ]uc∑m¿°pw an\naw s]≥j≥
k¿°m¿ Dd∏p\¬Ipw. t£a\n[n AwKßfpsS s]≥j≥
29
XpIbpsS \mensem∂mbncn°pw a‰pffh¿°p \¬IpI. an\naw
s]≥jt\°mƒ IqSpX¬ Db¿∂ s]≥j≥ th≠h¿°v
t£a\n[nIƒ hgn kzta[bm AwiZmbw ASbv ° m\pff
kuIcyap≠mbncn°pw.
(ii) 30,000 cq]bv ° pff tI{µ BtcmKy C≥jzd≥kv
apgph≥ tI{µ kwÿm\ _n]nF¬ IpSpw_ßƒ°pw
kuP\yambn \¬Ipw. CXn\mbn 167 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
C≥jzd≥kv FSpØn´pffh¿°v Im≥k¿, lrt{ZmKw, hr°
NnIn’ XpSßnb amdmtcmKßƒ°v 70,000 cq] hsc k¿°m¿
Bip]{XnIfnse NnIn’bv°v e`yam°pw. IqSpX¬ XpIbv°v
C≥jzd≥kn¬ kzta[bm tNcm≥ Ahkcap≠mIpw. CXn\pff
A[nI]Ww t£a\n[nIƒt°m sXmgnepSaIƒt°m
an
\¬Imhp∂XmWv. kwÿm\ C≥jzd≥kv hIp∏mbncn°pw

ar
ka
kvIow \S∏m°pI.
ok
lo
(iii) AkwLSnX taJebn¬ thX\tØmSp IqSn Hcp

ul
M
amksØ {]khmh[nbpsS B\qIqeyw sXmgnepd∏p]≤Xnbn¬

25 Znhkw hsc ]WnsbSp°p∂h¿°p e`yam°pw. CXn\mbn
(iv) tIcfØn¬ P\n°p∂ Hmtcm Ip™ns‚ t]cnepw
10,000 cq]bpsS ÿnc\nt£]w F≥tUmhvsa‚mbn k¿°m¿
\¬Ip∂XmWv . πkv Sp ]q¿ØnbmIptºmƒ _m¶pIfn¬
\n∂pff hmbv ] m ]≤XnIfpambn _‘s∏SpØn D∂X
hnZym`ymkØnt\m kzbwsXmgnent\m hnZKv[]cnioe\Ønt\m
]enibS°apff XpI e`yam°pw. _n]nF¬ IpSpw_ßƒ
A√mØh¿ \nt£]Øns‚ ]IpXn kzbw hln°Ww.
30
(v) Aø¶mfn \Kc sXmgnepd∏p ]≤XnbpsS AS¶¬ 20
tImSn cq]bn¬ \n∂v 40 tImSn cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p.
(vi) Ign™ _P‰n¬ {]Jym]n® hcpam\ Dd∏p]≤Xn
Cu amkw apX¬ \S∏mhpw. CXntebv°pff 2011˛12˛se AS¶¬
50 tImSn cq]bn¬ \n∂v 80 tImSn cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p.
(vii) ]mhs∏´ P\ßfpsS kmaqlykpc£nXXz
{]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ G‰hpw henb ]¶mfnØamWv Bim
{]h¿ØI¿°pw AwK\hmSn {]h¿ØI¿°papffXv. ]q¿Æambpw
tI{µ]≤Xnbmbn´pw Bim k∂≤ {]h¿ØI¿°v Hcp
[\klmbhpw tI{µk¿°m¿ CXphsc A\phZn®nń√.
AwK\hmSn So®¿am¿°v 1500 cq]bpw sl¬∏¿am¿°v
750 cq]bpamWv tI{µw A\phZn®n´pffXv . sXmgnepd∏p
an
]≤XnbpsS Iqen t]mepw Ch¿°v \¬In√ F∂ tI{µ

ar
k¿°mcns‚ \ne]mSv Hcp tZiob \mWt°SmWv. kwkvYm\

ka
ok
k¿°m¿ Ct∏mƒ AwK\hmSn So®¿am¿°pw sl¬∏¿am¿°pw

lo
550 cq] sh®v A[nIambn \¬Ip∂p≠v. CXv Rm≥ {]Xnamkw

ul
M
1000 cq] hoXambn Db¿Øp∂p. 35 tImSn cq] CXn\mbn

hIbncpØp∂p. Bim h¿°¿am¿°v 300 cq] {]Xnamk
HmWtddnbw A\phZn°p∂p. CXn\mbn 11 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p.
(viii) F≥tUmkƒ^m≥ ZpcnX_m[nX¿°v tkmjy¬
skIyqcn‰n anj\n¬ \n∂pff 5 tImSn cq]bS°w 20 tImSn
cq]bpsS {]tXyI ]mt°Pv {]Jym]n°p∂p. CXp
D]tbmKs∏SpØn iømhew_cmbh¿°v {]Xnamkw 2000 cq]bpw
a‰p tcmK_m[nX¿°v {]Xnamkw 1000 cq]bpw \¬Ipw.
CXpIqSmsX km¥z\ NnIn’, {]mtZinI BtcmKy
kwhn[m\ßfpsS sa®s∏SpØ¬, Imk¿tImSv P\d¬
31
Bip]{Xnbnsebpw Im™ßmSv Pn√m Bip]{Xnbnsebpw
kvs]jymen‰n tkh\ßƒ, ]p\c[nhmkw XpSßnbhbv°pff
kvIoapIƒ IqSn ]mt°Pnep≠v.
(ix) iømhew_cmb tcmKnIfpsSbpw am\knI
tcmKnIfpsSbpw ip{iqjI¿°v 300 cq] hoXw [\klmbw
\¬Ip∂Xn\v 10 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. am\knIhpw
ImbnIhpamb sh√phnfnIƒ t\cnSp∂ IpńIfpsS
tI{µklmbw e`n°mØ kvIqfpIƒ°v [\klmbw
\¬Ip∂Xn\v 15 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. hnIemwK
s]≥j≥ 400 cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p.
(x) D®`£WØn\p ]pdsa Bgv N bn¬ c≠pZnhkw
kv°qƒ IpńIƒ°v ]mepw ap´bpw \¬Ip∂ t]mjImlmc
an
]cn]mSn XpScpw. CXn\v 40 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.

ar
ssIØdn XpWn bqWnt^mambn AwKoIcn°p∂ kv°qfpIfnse

ka
ok
IpńIƒ°v kuP\yambn bqWnt^mw XpWn e`yam°p∂XmWv.

lo
hcpam\ Dd∏p ]≤Xnbn¬\n∂v 20 tImSn cq] \o°nshbv°p∂p.

ul
M
(xi) _[nccmb IpńIƒ°v tIm¢nbm¿ Cwπmt‚j\neqsS

{ihWtijn ]q¿Æambn \¬Im\mhpw. aebmfØns‚
\mZhnkvabw tUmIvS¿ sI. sP. tbipZmkv ap≥ssIsbSpØv
Zm\ioecpsS klmbtØmsS IpńIƒ°v Cu Hm∏tdj≥
sNbvXpsImSp°p∂ ]≤Xn BhnjvIcn®n´p≠v. Hm∏tdj≥
H∂n\v 2 e£w cq] hoXw C\nta¬ kwÿm\ k¿°m¿
\¬Ip∂XmWv. CXntebv°mbn 5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
(xii) Zo¿LIme {So‰vsa‚v th≠ skdn{_¬ ]m¬kn,
kn°nƒ sk¬ A\oanb t]mepff tcmKßƒ°pw Poh\p
òjWnbmbnØocp∂ lrZb ˛ InUv\n kw_‘ tcmKßƒ°pw
lntamôenb XpSßnb tcmKßƒ°pw sXcs™SpØ
32
16 Bip]{XnIfn¬ IpńIƒ°v kuP\y NnIn’ \¬Ip∂Xn\v
5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. Im≥k¿ kpc£m ^≠ntebv°v
2.8 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
(xiii) tIcfØn¬ hf¿∂p ]¥en°p∂ ]¶mfnØ
km¥z\ NnIn’m irwJe t{]m’mln∏nt°≠Xns‚ {]m[m\yw
Dƒs°m≠v 48 km¥z\ NnIn’m tI{µßƒ°mbn 1 tImSn
cq]bpw km¥z\ NnIn’m skmssk‰nIƒ°v 4 tImSn cq]bpw
hIbncpØp∂p.
(xiv) \n¿≤\cmb £btcmK _m[nXcpsS [\klmbw
400 cq]bmbpw IpjvTtcmKnIƒ°pff klmbw 500 cq]bmbpw
Im≥k¿ tcmKnIfptSXv 600 cq]bmbpw h¿≤n∏n°p∂p.
an
(xv) ]nSnFbpsS Iognepff {]oss{]adn A[ym]I¿°v

ar
k¿°mcn¬ \n∂p e`n°p∂ [\klmbw 600 cq]bmbn

ka
ok
Db¿Øp∂p. BbamcptSXv 400 cq]bmbn h¿≤n∏n°p∂p.

lo
ul
(xvi) km£cXm t{]cIamcpsS HmWtddnbw 1500 cq]bn¬

M
\n∂v 2000 cq]bmbn h¿≤n∏n°p∂p.

(xvii) A\mYmebßƒ°pff [\klmbw 250 cq]bn¬
\n∂v 300 cq]bm°p∂p. AwKoImcapff 250 A\mYmebßsf
°qSn {Km‚ns‚ ]cn[nbn¬ sIm≠phcp∂p. ^mZ¿
sdbvt\mƒUns‚ P∑iXm_vZn {]amWn®v A\mYmebßfnse
IpńIƒ°v D∂XhnZym`ymkØn\v kvtImf¿jn∏v
G¿s∏SpØp∂XmWv . CXn\mbn 5 tImSn cq] {Sjdnbn¬
F≥tUmhv s a‚mbn \nt£]n°pw. 20 e£w cq] At±lw
ÿm]n® sk‚v B‚Wokv Hm¿^t\Pn¬ C‚ocnb¿
sU°tdj≥ tImgvkv XpSßp∂Xn\p {Km‚mbn \¬Ip∂XmWv.
33
(xviii) adp\mS≥ sXmgnemfnIfpsS t£aØn\mbn
\n¿ΩmWsØmgnemfn t£a\n[n \o°nshbv°p∂ XpIbv°v
Xpeyamb XpI \¬Ip∂Xn\v 10 tImSn cq] \¬Ip∂p.
(xix) sXmgn¬taJebnse G‰hpw AkwLSnX
hn`mKamWv ho´ptPmen°m¿. alm`qcn]£hpw kv{XoIfmWv.
C¥ybn¬ Ch¿°mZyambn Hcp t£a]≤Xn tIcfw
Bcw`n°pIbmWv . ]mNIsØmgnemfnIƒ°pw t£a\n[n
cq]oIcn°pw. sXßpIb‰ sXmgnemfnIfpsS A]ISklmbambn
(xx) A`ykvXhnZycpsS G‰hpw {][m\s∏´
A\u]NmcnI sXmgn¬taJebmWv A¨ FbnUUv
kv°qfpIƒ, tImfPpIƒ, Syqt´mdnbepIƒ XpSßnbh. H∂c
an
e£Øne[nIwt]¿ Cu taJebn¬ sXmgnseSp°p∂p.

ar
bmsXmcphn[ ]cnc£bpan√mØ Ch¿°v Hcp t£a\n[n

ka
ok
Bcw`n°p∂XmWv. kzImcy kvs]jy¬ FPyqt°j≥

lo
kv I qfpIsfbpw Cu t£a\n[nbn¬ Dƒs∏SpØp∂XmWv .

ul
M
kzImcy Bip]{XnIfnsebpw Bip]{Xn hnIk\

kanXnIfnsebpw s\gvkpam¿°pw a‰p Poh\°m¿°pw th≠nbpw
t£a\n[n Bcw`n°p∂XmWv. ]pXnb t£a\n[nIƒ°mbn
VII
hne°b‰Øn\p {]Xntcm[w
64. hne°b‰amWv km[mcW°mc≥ t\cnSp∂ G‰hpw
cq£amb {]iv \ w. Dul°®hShpw Ah[nhym]mchpw
t{]m’mln∏n°p∂ tI{µ k¿°m¿ \bßfmWv Cu
34
ÿnXnhntijw krjvSn®Xv. i‡amb Itºmf CSs]SemWv
{]Xnhn[n.
65. tdj≥ ISIƒ hgn Ahiykm[\ßƒ \¬Im\pff 337
tImSn cq]bpsS ka{Kamb ]≤XntbmSv GXm≠v Hcp
h¿jambn´pw tI{µk¿°m¿ A\pIqeambn Xocpam\saSpØnń√.
]gb F]nF¬ hnebv ° v tdj≥ Izm´ ]p\xÿm]n®nń√.
]©kmcbpsS Izm´ Ipd®p. a’ysØmgnemfnIƒ°pff
]cºcmKX asÆÆ tdj≥ Akm[yam°p∂ coXnbn¬
asÆÆbpsS Izm´ shń°pd®p. Cu {]XnIqe kmlNcyw
t\cnSp∂Xn\v Xmsg ]dbp∂ hne°b‰ hncp≤ ]mt°Pv Rm≥
{]Jym]n°p∂p.
(i) c≠pcq]bpsS Acn 40 e£w IpSpw_ßfntebv°p
an
hym]n∏n°p∂p.
ar
ka
(ii) Itºmf hnesb°mƒ 30˛60 iXam\w hsc Xmgv∂

ok
hnebv°v amthentÃmdpIƒ hgn ]bdpIfpw ]ehyRvP\ßfp

lo
ul
apƒs∏sS 13 C\ßƒ e`yam°p∂p≠v. F∂m¬ Bhiyamb

M
Afhn¬ km[\ßƒ e`yamIp∂n√ F∂ hna¿i\ap≠v .

AhiyhkvXp°fpsS e`yXbn¬ {]Xnamkw 50 iXam\sa¶nepw
h¿≤\ hcpØp∂XmWv. CXn\mbn knhn¬ kssπkv
tIm¿]tdj\pff hm¿jnI k_vknUn 50 tImSn cq]bn¬
\n∂v 75 tImSnbmbn Db¿Øp∂p.
(iii) AhiyhkvXp°ƒ tdj≥ ISIƒ hgnbpw
\ymbhnebv ° v e`yam°p∂Xn\pff ]cn]mSn \S∏m°pw.
Xncs™Sp°s∏´ aqhmbncw tdj≥ ISIsf knhn¬ kssπkv
tIm¿∏tdjs‚ {^mss©kn ISIfmbn {]Jym]n°pw. Cu
ISIfneqsS Im¿Uv H∂n\v Itºmf hnebv ° v 300 cq]
hneaXn°p∂ shfns®Æ, ]b¿, ]cn∏v, apfIv, ]©kmc F∂o
35
A©v C\ßfpsS In‰v 150 cq]bv°p e`yam°pw. CXntebv°mbn
100 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. s^{_phcn amkw apX¬ Cu
kvIow {]m_eyØn¬ hcpw. CXntebv°mbn D][\m
`y¿∞\Ifn¬ 20 tImSn cq] A[nIambn hIbncpØnbn´p≠v.
(iv) 14,000˛Øn¬ ]cw tdj≥ ISIfpsS _rlZv irwJe

tIcfØnep≠v . F∂m¬ km¿h{XnI Ãm‰yq´dn tdj\nwKv
tI{µk¿°m¿ \n¿Øem°nbtXmsS tdj≥ ISIƒ
{]Xnk‘nbnemWv. tdj≥ hym]mcnIƒ°pff AcnbpsSbpw
tKmXºns‚bpw IΩnj≥ \nc°pIƒ GIoIcn°pIbmWv. Nn√d
hym]mcnIƒ°v Izn‚en\v 40 cq]bmbpw samØ hym]mcnIfpsS
IΩnj≥ Izn‚en\v 30 cq]bmbpw Db¿Øn \n›bn°p∂p.
an
(v) hne°b‰Øns\Xnscbpff b⁄Øn¬

ar
ka
I¨kyqa¿sÛpw klIcW kwLßfpw \n¿WmbI

ok
lo
]¶phln°p∂p≠v. I¨kyqa¿ sÛn\v D][\m`y¿∞\bn¬ 50

ul
tImSn cq] A[nIambn hIbncpØnbn´p≠v. 2011˛12˛tebv°v

M
I¨kyqa¿ sÛns‚ hnlnXw 25 tImSnbn¬ \n∂v 50 tImSn

cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p.
(vi) ]®°dnbpsS hne ]nSn®p\n¿Øp∂Xn\v tlm¿ń

Iƒ®¿ tIm¿]tdj\v 2011 ˛12˛tebv ° v 20 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p.
(vii) shń°pd® asÆÆ Izm´ ]p\xÿm]n°m\pff

At]£ tI{µk¿°m¿ am\n®nń√. asÆÆbv°v en‰sdm∂n\v
20 cq] k_vknUn \¬Ipw. 2011˛12˛tebv°v 15 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p.
36
VIII
]cºcmKX taJeIƒ
a’ysØmgnemfnIƒ
66. k¿, 3000 tImSn cq]bpsS hnIk\{]h¿Ø\ßƒ
\SØpsa∂v a’ysØmgnemfnIƒ°v Fs‚ BZy_P‰n¬
\¬Inb hmKvZm\w ]men®p. 2001˛06 Imebfhn¬ 527 tImSn cq]
sNehgn® ÿm\Øv Ign™ A©p h¿j°meØn\nSbn¬
kp\man ]p\cp≤mcW ]≤XnbS°w 3092 tImSn cq]
a’ytaJebn¬ sNehgn®n´p≠v. CXn¬ a‰phIp∏pIfpsSbpw
Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\ßfpsSbpw IW°v Dƒs∏SpØnbnń√.
67. Ht∂Im¬ e£w IpSpw_ßfpsS 380 tImSnbpsS ISw
an
ar
FgpXnØffn. kzm{ib tImtfPv sNehv k¿°m¿ Gs‰SpØp.

ka
F√m B\pIqeyßfpw Ccńbntesd Db¿Øn. a’y

ok
lo
sØmgnemfnIsf tI{µk¿°m¿ F]nF¬, _n]nF¬

ul
F∂nßs\ XcwXncn°ptºmƒ apgph≥ a’ysØmgnemfn

M
Iƒ°pw c≠p cq]bv°v Acnbpw BtcmKy C≥jzd≥kpw ]™

amk kamizmk ]≤Xnbpw kwÿm\w \S∏m°n.
68. aq∂p lm¿_dpIfpsS \n¿ΩmWw ]q¿ØoIcn®p. F´p
]pXnb lm¿_dpIƒ°p XpS°w Ipdn®p. at©izcw,
shffbn¬, Xm\q¿, ]c∏\ßmSn F∂o lm¿_dpIfpsS
\n¿ΩmWw 2011˛12˛¬ Bcw`n°pw. ]pXnbßmSn, ]p∂{], ]chq¿,
h¿°e, henbXpd F∂o XpdapJßƒ°p XpS°w Ipdn°pw.
tI{µhnlnXaS°w 18 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. sNØn c≠mw
L´Øn\p 3 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. 15 ^njv em≥UnwKv
sk‚dpIƒ ]pXpXmbn ÿm]n°pw.
37
69. _n]nF¬ IpSpw_ßƒ°mbn kºmZy kamizmk
]≤Xn tI{µw ]cnanXs∏SpØnbncn°pIbmWv. kamizmk XpI
1800¬ \n∂v 3600 cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p. Pq¨, Pqsse
amkßfnembn Cu ]Ww e`yam°pw. 5000 cq]bpsS
]eniclnX hmbv]bv°v 1.5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. apgph≥
a’ysØmgnemfnIƒ°pw A\p_‘ sXmgnemfnIƒ°pw
kamizmk ]≤Xn \S∏m°pw. XoctZi hnIk\ tIm¿]tdjs‚
Hmlcn aqe[\Øn\pw XoctZi ka{KhnIk\
]cn]mSnIƒ°pambn 20 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
70. 200 tImSn cq] AS¶epff amXrIm a’y{Kma ]cn]mSn
2011˛12˛¬ Bcw`n°pw. A©ph¿jw sIm≠v Cu kv I ow
]q¿ØoIcn°pw. ]m¿∏nSw, I°qkv, IpSnshffw, sshZypXn
F∂nh e`ya√mØ Hcp hoSpt]mepw Cu {Kmaßfn¬ D≠mhn√.
an
ar
apgph≥ IpńIƒ°pw ]ØmwXcw hsc hn`ym`ymkw

ka
Dd∏phcpØpw. kwÿm\ icmicnsb°mƒ Db¿∂

ok
lo
hnPbiXam\w Dd∏m°pw. inipacW \nc°v kwÿm\

ul
icmicnbntebv°p XmgvØpw. F√m a’ysØmgnemfnIƒ°pw

M
t£a\n[n AwKXzhpw C≥jzd≥kpw Dd∏phcpØpw. F√m

hm¿Unepw hmb\imetbm ¢t_m ÿm]n°pw. C{]Imcw
IrXyamb e£yßƒ \n¿hNn®psIm≠mbncn°pw ]≤Xn
Bcw`n°pI.
71. BZyh¿jw 25 a’y{KmaßsfbmWv Dƒs∏SpØn
bn´pffXv. hngn™w, ]q¥pd, A©psXßv, ]chq¿ sX°pw`mKw,
X¶ticn, ]pØ≥Xpd, ]pd°mSv, Im´q¿, ]ffntØmSv, sN√m\w,
Cf¶p∂∏pg, ]ffn∏pdw, s]cn™\w, ssI∏awKew, FS°gnbq¿,
]pdØq¿, Xm\q¿, amdmSv , ]ffn°≠n, GeØq¿, Nmen¬
tKm]met∏´ (Xeticn), FS°mSv, ]pXnbßmSn, ]q©mhn,
tImbn∏mSn F∂nhbmWv Ah. 2011˛12˛¬ 50 tImSn cq]
38
hIbncpØp∂p. CXn\p ]pdsa ka{K ]cn]mSnbv ° pff
15 tImSn cq]bpw a‰p hnIk\ ]cn]mSnIfpw Cu kvIoapambn
kwtbmPn∏n°pw.
Ib¿, Iiph≠n
72. ]cºcmKX taJeIsf kwc£n®p am{Xta ]pXnb
hf¿®mtaJeIfntebv°pff NphSpam‰Øn\p kmaqlymwKoImcw
t\Sm\mhq. 2005˛06˛¬ 77 tImSn cq] am{Xambncp∂p sNdpInS
]cºcmKX hyhkmbßƒ°mbn hIbncpØnbXv. 2011˛12˛¬
hcpam\ Dd∏p ]≤XnhnlnXaS°w CXv 308 tImSn cq]bmbn
Db¿Øp∂p. CXn\p ]pdsa {Km‰phn‰n, dn´b¿sa‚ v s_\n^n‰v
XpSßnbhbpsS IpSninI C√mXm°m≥ 40 tImSn cq]
D][\m`y¿∞\Ifn¬ hIbncpØnbn´p≠v.
an
73. 2001˛05 Imebfhn¬ {]Xnh¿jw 23 tImSn cq]

ar
\o°nsh® ÿm\Øv Ign™ A©ph¿jw Ib¿taJebv°v

ka
{]Xnh¿jw 59 tImSn cq] hoXamWv hIbncpØnbXv. 2011˛12˛¬

ok
Ib¿ taJebv°v 82 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.

lo
ul
74. 2001˛06 ImeL´Øn¬ 15 tImSnbn¬ Xmsg hoXw

M
sNehgn®ncp∂ Iiph≠n hyhkmbØn¬ Ign™

A©ph¿jw icmicn 42 tImSn cq] hoXw sNehgn®p. 2001˛06
ImeØv 40˛50 Znhkw am{Xw icmicn ]Wn e`n®ncp∂
Iiph≠nsØmgnemfnbv°v CXns‚ êambn 2006˛2011 ImeØv
200 ZnhkØntesd ]Wn e`n®p. 2011˛12˛¬ Iiph≠n
hyhkmbØn\v 52 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
ssIØdn, JmZn
75. 2001˛05 Imebfhn¬ ssIØdnbv°v {]Xnh¿jw icmicn
28 tImSn cq] hIbncpØnb ÿm\Øv Ign™ A©ph¿jw
icmicn 48 tImSn cq] hoXw \o°nshbv ° pIbp≠mbn.
2011˛12˛tebv°v 57 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
39
76. Ign™ A©ph¿jØn\nSbn¬ 40,000 kv ] n≥U¬
D¬]mZ\tijn h¿≤n∏n®n´p≠v . Cu taJebpw Ct∏mƒ
em`ØnemWv . ae∏pdw, IÆq¿ sSIv s sÃ¬ an√pIƒ°mbn
10.5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. ImbwIpfw, Xriq¿ an√pIfpsS
\hoIcWØn\p XpS°w Ipdn°m\mbn 3 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p.
77. JmZn hyhkmbßƒ°v 9 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
IcIuie ¢Ã¿ hnIk\ kvIow Bcw`n°p∂Xn\v 2.2 tImSn
cq] hIbncpØp∂p. sI¬]man\v 50 e£w cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
B¿ńkm≥kv sUhe∏v s a‚v tIm¿]tdj\v 1 tImSn cq]
A\phZn°p∂p. B¿ńkm≥kv sUhe∏vsa‚v tIm∏td‰ohn\p 50
e£w cq] Hmlcn aqe[\ambn A\phZn°p∂p.
an
a‰p sNdpInS hyhkmbßƒ

ar
ka
78. sNdpInS hyhkmbßfpsS AS¶¬ 40 tImSn cq]bmWv.

ok
14 tImSn cq] hmbv]bpw C≥shÃvsa‚v k_vknUnbpambn

lo
ul
hIbncpØp∂p. A®m¿, Pmw, Pyqkv, kvIzmjv, sP√n

M
D¬]∂ßƒ°p \¬Ip∂ 5 iXam\w k_v k nUn XpScpw.

sNdpInS hyhkmb t£a\n[nbntebv ° v 50 e£w cq]
hIbncpØp∂p.
79. _mw_q tIm¿]tdj\p \¬Inb 4 tImSn cq]
hmbv ] bpw ]enibpw Hmlcn aqe[\ambn am‰pw. _mw_q
tIm¿]tdj\v 2 tImSn cq] A\phZn°p∂p.
80. Znt\iv _oUn klIcW kwLØnse
sXmgnemfnIƒ°v 40 hbkp apX¬ \S∏m°nb {]tXyI
dn´b¿sa‚ v kvIow XpScp∂XmWv. t£a\n[n AwKßfmb a‰p
_oUnsØmgnemfnIƒ°v 50 hbkp apX¬ Cu kamizmkw
A\phZn°p∂XmWv . Znt\iv _oUnbnse {Km‰phn‰n XpI
40
]q¿Wambn sImSp°m\pff kv I ow Cu [\Imcyh¿jw
\S∏m°pw.
81. tIcf a¨]m{X \n¿ΩmW skmssk‰nIƒ°v
[\klmbw \¬Ip∂Xn\p 25 e£w cq] {]tXyIambn
A\phZn°p∂p. _m¿_¿amcpsS keqWpIƒ \hoIcn°p∂Xn\v
]eniclnX hmbv] \¬Ip∂Xn\v AhcpsS t£a\n[nbv°v 1
tImSn cq] A\phZn°p∂p.
IX
t£a {]h¿Ø\ßƒ
]ńIPmXn ˛ ]ńIh¿K t£aw
an
ar
82. ]ńIPmXn˛]ńIh¿K t£aØn\mbpff ]≤Xn

ka
hnlnXØn¬ A`qX]q¿hamb h¿≤\bmWv Ign™

ok
lo
A©ph¿jØn\nSbn¬ D≠mbXv. Xt±ikzbw`cW

ul
ÿm]\ßfpsS hnlnXaS°w 2001˛06˛¬ ]ńIPmXn LSI

M
]≤XnbpsS AS¶¬ {]Xnh¿jw 395 tImSn cq]bmbncp∂Xv

2006˛11˛¬ 840 tImSn cq]bmbn. 2011˛12˛¬ 647.42 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. ]ńIh¿K D]]≤XnbpsS AS¶¬ 2001˛06˛¬
{]Xnh¿jw 103 tImSn cq] Bbncp∂Xv 2006˛11˛¬ 178 tImSn
cq]bmbn Db¿∂p. 2011˛12˛¬ 250.38 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
A\pam\°W°pIfpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ ]Ww hIbncpØn
bncp∂ coXn Ct∏mƒ ]q¿Wambpw Ahkm\n∏n®p.
hIbncpØnb ]Ww sNehm°p∂Xns‚ ImcyØnepw henb
A¥camWv Cu c≠pImebfhpIfpw XΩnepffXv . 2001˛06
ImeØv ]ńIPmXn LSI]≤Xn AS¶ens‚ 64.42 iXam\w
sNehgn® ÿm\Øv Ign™ \meph¿jw 91.36 iXam\w
41
sNehgn®p. ]ńIh¿K D]]≤Xnbn¬ CXv 64.73
iXam\ambncp∂Xv Ign™ \meph¿j°meØv
92.83 iXam\ambn Db¿∂p.
83. ]ńIPmXn LSI]≤Xnbn¬ Xt±ikzbw`cW
ÿm]\ßfpsS hnlnXw Ign™m¬ 433 tImSn cq]bmWv
_m°nbpffXv. CXn¬ 125 tImSn cq] ]m¿∏nSØn\pw 80 tImSn
cq] s]m∂pwhnebv°p `qan hmßn \¬Ip∂Xn\pw
hIbncpØp∂p. apgph≥ ]ńIPmXn°m¿°pw Cu h¿jtØmsS
]m¿∏nSw Dd∏phcpØpw. hnZym`ymkØn\v v 48 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØnbn´p≠v. \nehnepff Ggv tamU¬ kvIqfpIƒ°p
]pdsa Ipg¬aµw, tNe°c, at©izcw, s]cntßmw
F∂nhnSßfn¬ ]pXnb kv°qfpIƒ Bcw`n°pw. Be∏pg,
an
FdWmIpfw, ]me°mSv F∂nhnSßfn¬ ]pXpXmbn πkv Sp

ar
_m®pIfpw Bcw`n°pw. \µmh\Øv ]pXnb h¿°nwKv hnsa≥kv

ka
tlmÃ¬ ]Wnbpw.
ok
lo
84. ]ńIh¿K D]]≤Xnbn¬ 167 tImSn cq]bmWv

ul
M
]ńIh¿K hIp∏v t\cn´p sNehgn°p∂Xv. CXn¬ 35 tImSn

cq] ]m¿∏nSØn\pw `qclnXcpsS ]p\c[nhmkØn\pw
hIbncpØnbn´p≠v. 37 tImSn cq] hnZym`ymk kvIoapIƒ°mWv.
Ct∏mƒ 18 tamU¬ sdknU≥jy¬/GIehy kvIqfpIfnembn
4200 IpńIƒ ]Tn°p∂p≠v. 14500 ]ńIh¿K IpSpw_ßƒ°p
`qanbpsS ssIhitcJ \¬In°gn™p. 3000 IpSpw_ßƒ°p
ht\Xc`qanbpw \¬Inbn´p≠v. hb\mń¬ s]m∂pwhnebv°p `qan
Gs‰SpØp sImSp°p∂ kvIow XpScpw.
85. ]ńIh¿K hnIk\ hIp∏ns‚ Iogn¬ {]h¿Øn°p∂
tamU¬ dknU≥jy¬ kvIqfpIfnse hnZym¿∞nIƒ°v sakv
Nm¿Pv HgnsIbpff Aehe≥kpIƒ h¿≤n∏n°p∂p. F√m
42
¢mkpIfnsebpw IpńIƒ°pff bqWnt^mw Aeh≥kv
{]Xnh¿jw 3000 cq]bm°p∂p. _p°pIfpw tÃj\dnIfpw
hmßm\pff Aeh≥kv 60 iXam\hpw a‰v Aeh≥kpIƒ
50 iXam\hpw h¿≤n∏n°p∂p. tamU¬ dknU≥jy¬
kv I qfpIfn¬ ]{Xßfpw B\pImenIßfpw hmßp∂Xn\v
{]Xnamkw 1500 cq] hoXw A\phZn°p∂p. kv t ]m¿´v k v
D]IcWßƒ hmßm\pff [\klmbw {]Xnh¿jw
10,000 cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p. Fkvkn FkvSn {]tam´¿amcpsS
Aeh≥kv 2500 cq]bn¬ \n∂pw 4000 cq]bmbpw dknU‚ v
Syq´¿amcptSXv 3000 cq]bn¬ \n∂v 4500 cq]bmbpw Db¿Øp∂p.
86. hS°mt©cn tªm°v ]©mbØn¬ \S∏m°nb {Ko≥
B¿anbpsS amXrIbn¬ F√m Pn√Ifnepw Hmtcm Awt_ZvI¿
an
{Ko≥ B¿an cq]oIcn°p∂XmWv. 70 iXam\w t]¿ ]ńI

ar
hn`mK°mcmbncn°pw. Im¿jnI b{¥ kma{KnIƒ hmßm\pw

ka
bqWnt^man\pw a‰pambn tIm¿]kv ^≠n¬ \n∂v 28 tImSn cq]

ok
lo
A\phZn°p∂p.
ul
M
87. a‰p ]n∂m° kapZmbßƒ°p th≠n 23 tImSn cq]

hIbncpØp∂p. ZfnXv ss{IkvXh¿°pff Irjn`qan hmbv],
kzbw sXmgn¬ hmbv], hnhmlhmbv], an{ihnhmlnX¿°pff
[\klmbw F∂nhbpsS ]enibpw B\pIqeyßfpw
]ńIPmXn ]ńIh¿K hn`mKØnt‚Xn\p Xpeyam°pw. CXn\mbn
]cnh¿ØnX ss{IkvXh hnIk\ tIm¿]tdj\v 20 tImSn cq]
{]tXyI [\klmbambn \¬Ip∂p. ZfnXv ss{Ikv X h
hnZym¿∞nIƒ°v ]ńIPmXn hnZym¿∞nIfpsS F√m
B\pIqeyßfpw \¬Ip∂XmWv.
88. l÷v IΩn‰nbv ° v 20 e£w cq] ÿncw {Km‚mbn
A\phZn°p∂p. hJ^v t_m¿Uns‚ {Km‚v 2 tImSn cq]bmbn
43
Db¿Øp∂p. ]msemfn aplΩZp Ipń IΩn‰nbpsS \n¿t±ißƒ
\S∏m°p∂Xn\v 14 tImSn cq] A\phZn°p∂p.
]m¿∏nSw
89. tIcf tÃ‰v luknwKv t_m¿Un\p 19.5 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. CXn¬ 7.5 tImSn cq] FwF≥ e£w hoSv
]p\cp≤mcW ]≤Xnbv°pw 7.7 tImSn cq] \n¿ΩnXn tI{µbv°pw
3.25 tImSn cq] tIcf tÃ‰v luknwKv sÛtdj\pamWv.
90. ssa{Xn `h\hmbv ] bpsS IpSninI ]q¿Wambpw
FgpXnØffp∂p. tIcf k¿°m¿ luknwKv t_m¿Un\p
\¬Inb 275 tImSn cq] hmbv ] bn¬ Cu XpI AUv P Ãp
sNøp∂XmWv. lUvtIm hmbv]bpsS ]enibn\Øn¬ 20 tImSn
cq] D][\m`y¿∞\Ifn¬ Dƒs°mffn®n´p≠v.
an
ar
91. Xriq¿ Pn√m ]©mbØpw tImÃv t^m¿Upw IqSn

ka
lUvtImbpsS [\klmbtØmsS \S∏m°nb `h\ ]≤Xnbnse

ok
lo
IpSninI H‰ØhW Xo¿∏m°¬ ]≤Xnbv°mbn 5.22 tImSn cq]

ul
hIbncpØp∂p.
M
XpeyXbpw h\nXmhnIk\hpw
92. Ign™ _P‰v tIcfØn¬ sP≥U¿ _P‰nwKn\v
XpS°w Ipdn®p. kv{XoIƒ KpWt`m‡m°fmbpff kvIoapIƒ°v
]≤XnbpsS 5.6 iXam\w XpI am{XamWv 2009˛10˛¬
sNehgn®ncp∂Xv. CXv 2010˛11˛¬ 8.5 iXam\w Bbn Db¿Øm≥
Ign™p. sP≥U¿ Imgv N ∏mSneqsS kwÿm\ _P‰ns\
hna¿i\]cambn ]cntim[n°p∂Xn\v ]e h\nXm
kwLS\Iƒ°pw ]WvUnX¿°pw Ign™ h¿jsØ _P‰v
{]tNmZ\w \¬In. ]e t]mcmbvaIfpw shfns∏ń´p≠v. 2011˛12˛¬
kv{XoIƒ°pff {]tXyI kvIoapIƒ°v ]≤Xn AS¶ens‚
44
9.4 iXam\w ˛ AXmbXv ˛ 770 tImSn cq] hcpw F∂mWv
hnebncpØ¬. CXn¬ Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\ßfpsS
h\nXmLSI ]≤Xn Dƒs∏Sp∂n√. Nne {]tXyI kv°oapIƒ
am{Xw ]cma¿in°s´.
(i) 200 lb¿sk°‚dn kv°qfpIƒ, t_m´v sPńIƒ,
_kv Ãm≥UpIƒ, s]mXp sIńSßƒ, Itºmfßƒ
F∂nhnSßfn¬ aq{X∏pcIƒ \n¿Ωn°p∂Xn\v 17.5 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p.
(ii) t]meokv tk\bn¬ sP≥U¿ Aht_m[w
hf¿Øp∂Xn\pw t]meokv tÃj≥ kv{Xo kulrZ
am°p∂Xn\pw 4 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
(iii) h\nXm
tlmÃepIƒ, h¿°nwKv hnsa≥kv
an
tlmÃepIƒ F∂nhbv°v 17.5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.

ar
ka
(iv) h\nXm t]mfnsSIv \ nIv , s\gv k nwKv tImtfPpIƒ

ok
lo
F∂nhbv°v 18 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. h\nXm

ul
sFSnsFIƒ°v 7 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. ^n\njnwKv

M
kv°qfn\v 1.9 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. hnZym`ymk]cambn

]n∂m°w \n¬°p∂ {]tZißfn¬ hnZym¿∞n\nIfpsS
k©mcØn\v _kpIƒ hmßm≥ 6 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
(v) hn[hIƒ, hnhmltamNnXcmb kv{XoIƒ
XpSßnbh¿°v kzbw sXmgnen\p th≠n 1.5 tImSn cq]bpw
]oUnXcpsS [\klmbØn\v 1 tImSn cq]bpw hIbncpØp∂p.
(vi) AhnhmlXcmb AΩamcpsS ]p\c[nhmkØn\v
1 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. Ah¿°pff [\klmbw 400
cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p. CXv F√m kapZmbßfnepffh¿°pw
e`yam°pw. 50 hbkn\p apIfn¬ {]mbapff AhnhmlnXcmb
45
kv{XoIƒ°pff s]≥j≥ ]≤Xn {]mb]cn[n 40 hbkm°n
XmgvØp∂p. XpI 400 cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p.
(vii) t_m[hXvIcWw, Iu¨kenwKv XpSßnbhbv°mbn
(viii) XpdapJßfnepw a‰pw a’ysØmgnemfn
kv{XoIƒ°p cm{Xn XmakØn\pff kuIcysamcp°m≥ 1 tImSn
cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
(ix) tImgnt°mSv ‘Xt‚Sw ’ sP≥U¿ ]m¿°v
ÿm]n°p∂XmWv. kmwkv°mcnI tkh\ taJeIfnse kv{Xo
kwcwÌ¿°pff sIńS kuIcyhpw k¿hIemimem
h\nXm]T\ tI{µw, hn]peamb sse{_dn, kmwkv ° mcnI
kap®bw, KÃv lukv XpSßnbhsb√mw ASßp∂Xmbncn°pw
an
CXv. 10 tImSn cq] A\phZn°p∂p.

ar
ka
93. tIcfØnse h\nXm kwLS\IfpsS Zo¿LIme

ok
Bhiyambncp∂ h\nXm hnIk\ hIp∏v F∂ \n¿t±iw

lo
ul
AwKoIcn°pIbmWv . h\nXm IΩnj≥, h\nXm hnIk\

M
tIm¿]tdj≥, Km¿lnI ]oU\ \nba ta¬t\m´w,

t_m[hXv I cW ]cn]mSnIƒ XpSßnbh Cu hIp∏ns‚
`mKambncn°pw. AtXmsSm∏w F√m hIp∏pIfnsebpw
h\nXmhnIk\ kvIoapIfpsS GtIm]\ NpaXebpw
tamWn‰dnwKpw h\nXm hnIk\ hIp∏ns‚ NpaXebmbncn°pw.
94. sjm¿Wqcnse kuaybpsS acWw \ΩpsS
a\km£nsb Gsd\mƒ th´bmSpw. \ΩpsS sXmgnenSßfpw
bm{XmthfIfpw s]mXpÿeßfpw kv{XoIƒt°sd
Ac£nXamWv. sXmgnseSp°p∂ kv{XoIƒ A{]Xo£nXambn
cm{Xn Gsd sshInbm¬ Xmakn°p∂Xn\v hna≥kv
tlmÃepIfpw k∂≤ kwLS\Ifpambn _‘s∏SpØn
46
{]tXyI kuIcyhpw G¿s∏SpØpw. CXntebv°pff sl¬]v
sse\pIƒ F√m \Kcßfnepw G¿s∏SpØpw. CXn\mbn 5
tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
{]hmknt£aw
95. {]hmknt£a {]h¿Ø\ßƒ°mbn samØw 9 tImSn
cq]bmWv hIbncpØnbn´pffXv. hntZiØp tPmen°p
t]mIp∂h¿°pff {]tXyI Hmdnbt‚j≥ t{]m{Kmw,
{]hmknIƒ°mbpff {]tXyI eoK¬ FbnUv sk¬
F∂nhbmWv ]pXnb kv I oapIƒ. CXn\p]pdsa t\m¿°
sh¬^b¿ ^≠ntebv ° p 10 tImSn cq] {]tXyIambn
hIbncpØp∂p.
an
X
ar
ka
`£ykpc£
ok
lo
96. tIcfØnse Irjn°m¿°v apºn√mXncp∂

ul
M
Hcmflhnizmkhpw ip`{]Xo£bpw C∂p≠v. I¿jI

BfllXyIfpsS Imew Ahkm\n®p. `t£ym¬]mZ\Øn¬
aq∂p ]Xn‰m≠ntesdbmbn XpS¿∂ XI¿®bv°p hncmaan´p.
2007˛08˛¬ 2.28 e£w slIvS¿ `qanbn¬ \n∂v 5.28 e£w S¨
s\√mbncp∂p D¬]mZn∏n®Xv. XpS¿∂pff aq∂ph¿jßfnepw
XpS¿®bmbn D¬]mZ\w Db¿∂p. C°tWmanIv dnhyq dnt∏m¿´p
{]Imcw 2009˛10˛¬ hb¬ hnkvXrXn 2.34 e£w slIvSdmbpw
D¬]mZ\w 5.9 e£w SÆmbpw h¿≤n®p.
97. Ip´\mSv ]mStiJcßfnse ]pdw_≠p \n¿ΩmWØn\v
75 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. \o¿ØS hnIk\Øn\mbpff
33 tImSn cq], PemibßfpsSbpw IpfßfpsSbpw
47
]p\cp≤mcWØn\pff 34 tImSn cq], ]me°ms´ I\m¬
\hoIcWØn\pw Pe kwc£WØn\papff {]h¿Ø\ßƒ,
en^v ‰ v CdntKj\pff ]p\cp≤mcWw, tImƒ\neßfnse
hnIk\{]h¿Ø\ßƒ XpSßnbh Cu apt∂‰w \ne\n¬°pw
F∂pd∏phcpØpw. s\¬°rjnbv°v 29 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. CXn\p ]pdsa B¿sIhnsshbpsS AS¶emb
225 tImSn cq]bn¬ KWyamb ]¶v s\¬°rjnbv°mbncn°pw.
98. k¿, Cu k¿°m¿ A[nImcØn¬ h∂t∏mƒ Ggp
cq]bmbncp∂ s\√ns‚ kw`cWhne Ct∏mƒ 13 cq]bmWv.
AXv 14 cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p. Acn{io F∂ ka{K s\¬Irjn
]cn]mSn Bcw`n°pw.
arKkwc£Ww
an
99. ]mens‚ D¬]mZ\hpw XpS¿®bmbn IpdbpIbmbncp∂p.

ar
ka
2005˛06˛¬ 20.63 e£w S¨ ]mep¬]mZn∏n® ÿm\Øv 2010˛11˛¬

ok
29 e£w S¨ ]m¬ D¬]mZn∏n®p. ap´bpsS D¬]mZ\w 120

lo
ul
tImSnbn¬ \n∂v 163 tImSnbmbn Db¿∂p. Dƒ\mS≥

M
at’ymXv]mZ\w 0.75 e£w SÆn¬ \n∂v 1.26 e£w SÆmbn

Db¿∂p. ]®°dnbpsS D¬]mZ\Ønepw KWyamb h¿≤\bp≠v.
100. arKkwc£WØns‚ AS¶¬ 118 tImSnbn¬ \n∂v 150
tImSn cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p. 2006˛07˛¬ CXv 34 tImSn cq]
am{Xambncp∂p. sh‰n\dn tkh\ßƒ sa®s∏SpØp∂Xn\pw
i‡ns∏SpØp∂Xn\pw FIvkvsS≥j≥ {]h¿Ø\Øn\pamWv
23 tImSn cq]. I∂pIpń ]cn]me\ ]cn]mSnbpsS AS¶¬
12 tImSn cq]bmWv . ao‰v t{]mUIv S v k v Hm^v C¥y, tIcf
ôUv k v enan‰Uv , sIFkv ] nUnkn, sIknFwFwF^v
F∂nhbv ° mbn 15 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. ImenØo‰
k_vknUnbv°v 6 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
48
a‰phnfIƒ
101. \mfntIc Irjnbv°v 30 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
]pcbnS°rjn hnIk\Øn\mbpff kvIoapIƒ°p
]pdsabmWnXv. ]®°dn°rjn hnIk\Øn\v 6.6 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. hb\ms´ IpcpapfIp IrjnbpsS
]p\c[nhmkØn\v 6.5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
102. Im∏n ISmizmk ]mt°Pv 2010 {]Imcw klIcW
_m¶pIƒ \¬tI≠ ISmizmk hnlnXØntebv°v 10 tImSn
cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
PetkN\w
103. h≥InS PetkN\ ]≤XnIsf°pdn®v ap≥ _P‰v
{]kwKßfnepb¿Ønb hna¿i\ßƒ Bh¿Øn°p∂n√.
an
ar
Imcm∏pg ]≤Xnbv°v 8 tImSn cq]bpw CSaebm¿ ]≤Xnbv°v

ka
10 tImSn cq]bpw _mWmkpc kmK¿ ]≤Xnbv°v 32.5 tImSn

ok
cq]bpw aqhm‰p]pg ]≤Xnbv ° v 27 tImSn cq]bpamWv

lo
ul
hIbncpØnbn´pffXv. Cu ]≤XnIfpsS XpS°Ønse aXn∏p

M
sNehv shdpw 54 tImSn cq]bmbncp∂p. CXn\Iw 1435 tImSn

cq] sNehm°n°gn™p. F{Xbpw s]s´∂v ChbpsS
\n¿ΩmWØn\v hncmaanSpI F∂Xmbncn°Ww \ΩpsS e£yw.
\nehnepff ]≤XnIfpsS I\mepIƒ ]p\cp≤cn°m≥
16.2 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. aeºpg, hmfbm¿, ]o®n,
s\øm¿ UmapIfpsS Uokn¬ńwKn\pw ]p\c[nhmkØn\pw
104. sNdpInS PetkN\ ]≤XnIƒ°v 96 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØnbn´pffXn¬ 45 tImSn cq] Ipfßƒ
]p\cp≤cn°p∂Xn\mWv. Cu ]Whpw tZiob sXmgnepd∏p
]≤Xnbpw ê{]Zambn kwtbmPn∏n°m≥ Ign™m¬
49
`t£ymXv]mZ\ h¿≤\bv°p am{Xa√, ]cnÿnXn
k¥pe\mhÿ kwc£WØn\pw henb kw`mh\bmbncn°pw.
aÆp Pe kwc£Ww
105. \o¿ØS ASnÿm\Ønepff aÆpPe kwc£WØn\p
\_m¿Un¬ \n∂p 33 tImSn cq] e`yam°p∂XmWv.
\o¿ØSmSnÿm\Ønepff ]›naL´ hnIk\ ]≤Xnbv°v
XI
lcnX_P‰v
an
106. Ign™ h¿jw 1000 tImSn cq]bpsS lcnX^≠v

ar
cq]oIcWw {]Jym]n°pIbpw 100 tImSn cq] hIbncpØpIbpw

ka
sNbv X ncp∂p. UmwaWen¬ \n∂v kamlcn°p∂ hcpam\

ok
lo
Øns‚ 20 iXam\amWv lcnX^≠ntebv°p \o°nshbv°p∂Xv.

ul
F∂m¬ Uokn¬ńwKv {]h¿Ø\ßƒ hmWnPymSnÿm\Øn¬

M
]q¿Wambpw {]h¿Ø\£aambnń√. F∂ncp∂mepw 2011˛12

h¿jtØbv ° p 100 tImSn cq] IqSn lcnX^≠ntebv ° p
hIbncpØp∂p.
107. I≠¬°mSpIƒ kwc£n°m\pff klmb]≤Xn,
ImhpIƒ°pff [\klmbw, ]£nkt¶Xßfpw ISema
{]P\\tI{µßfpw kwc£n°p∂ ¢_pIƒ°pff [\klmbw
XpSßnb kv I oapIƒ 2011˛12epw XpScpw. CXn\pff ]Ww
lcnX^≠n¬ \n∂v e`yam°pw.
108. Ct∏mƒ hnXcWw sNbvX knF^vF¬ _ƒ_pIfpsS
Im¿_¨ s{IUn‰v _©pam¿°v ]q¿ØoIcn®m¬ ASpØL´w
50
Hcp tImSn _ƒ_pIƒ hnXcWw sNøpw. kv°qƒ IpńIsf
e£yam°nbpff Du¿P s{IUn‰v ]≤XnbpsS ASnÿm\w
2010˛11˛se Du¿P D]t`mKambncn°pw. Z£X IqSnb Du¿P
D]IcWßƒ hmßm\pff k_vknUn lcnX^≠n¬ \n∂pw
sIF^vknbv°p e`yam°pw. Du¿PZp¿hybw Ipdbv°p∂Xn\pff
FkvtIm tamU¬ Iº\nbpsS B¿ń°nƒ Hm^v
Atkmkntbj≥ Xømdmbn´p≠v. Cu h¿jw Xs∂ Iº\n
cq]oIcn°pw.
109. Imemhÿm ]T\ßƒ°p 2 tImSn cq]bpw
ssPhIrjnbv°v 5 tImSn cq]bpw hIbncpØp∂p.
110. Be∏pgbnse Im∏n¬tXmSv ipNoIcn°m\pw sNΩo≥
kwkv°cW ^mIvSdnIfn¬ aen\Pe ip≤oIcW
an
kwhn[m\ap≠m°m\pw 5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. Acq¿

ar
a’ykwkvIcW taJebnse amen\y {]iv\w ]cnlcn°m\mbn

ka
ok
tIma¨ {So‰v s a‚ v πm‚ v ÿm]n°m\mbn cq]oIcn°p∂

lo
Iº\nbv°v k¿°m¿ klmbambn 5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.

ul
M
h\w
111. h\w hIp∏n\v 74 tImSn cq] A\phZn°p∂p. F√m
ô¬Uv Ãm^n\pw samss_¬ t^m¨ IW£≥ \¬Ipw.
]pXnb 10 t^mdÃv tÃj≥ Bcw`n°pw. 50 sN°v UmapIƒ
]Wnbpw. Acn∏bn¬ t^mdÃv A°mZan ÿm]n°pw. kzm`mhnI
h\ßfpsS kwc£WØn\v 16 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
πmt‚j\pIƒ°v 5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. ssPhsshhn≤y
kwc£WØn\pth≠n 14 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
112. Fs‚ acw, hgntbmcØW¬, \ΩpsS acw, lcnX
tIcfw XpSßnb kmaqlyh\hXvIcW ]≤XnIƒ°v
sFIycmjv{S k`bpsS AwKoImcw e`n®n´p≠v. Ch
51
GtIm]n∏n®v lcnXtIcfw ]≤Xnbmbn \S∏m°m≥ 3 tImSn
cq] A[nIambn A\phZn°p∂p. hrjvSn {]tZißfn¬ 50 sN°v
UmapIƒ \n¿Ωn°p∂Xn\v 1 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
]cnÿnXn ]T\IymºpIƒ°mbn 50 e£w cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
sske‚vhmen _tbmssUthgvkn‰n I¨k¿thj≥ dnk¿®v
B≥Uv tamWn‰dnwKv sk‚dn\v 1 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
XII
hnZym`ymkw
KpWta∑bpff kvIqƒ hnZym`ymkw
113. 2006˛¬ 33 iXam\Øn¬ Xmsg hnPbiXam\apff
an
104 kvIqfpIƒ tI{µoIcn®p \SØnb {]tXyI hnZym`ymk

ar
ka
]cn]mSnbpsS D÷zeamb hnPbw H∂pam{Xw aXn

ok
s]mXphnZym`ymktaJebn¬ D≠mb KpW]camb am‰w

lo
ul
a\knem°m≥. Chbn¬ 80 iXam\Øne[nIw hnZymebßfnepw

M
Ct∏mƒ hnPbiXam\w 75˛\p taemWv. hnZym`ymkØns‚

DffS°Øn¬, A[yb\˛aqey\n¿Wb coXnIfn¬, ùXnI
kmlNcyßƒ sa®s∏SpØp∂Xn¬, P\Iob ]¶mfnØØn¬
D≠mbn´pff hnkv a bIcamb ]ptcmKXn s]mXphnZym`ymk
taJebn¬ ]pXnsbmc[ymbw Xpd∂ncn°pIbmWv . kv I qƒ
hnZym`ymkØn¬ ae_mdpw Xncps°m®nbpw XΩn¬
Ncn{X]cambp≠mbncp∂ Ak¥penXmhÿ GXm≠v
C√mXmbn.
114. kvIqƒ hnZym`ymkØn\v 258 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. ]t£, CXns‚ 42 iXam\w k¿hin£m
A`nbm≥, B¿FwFkvF, ssd‰v Sp FPyqt°j≥,
52
kv t Imf¿jn∏v , Iºyq´¿ hnZym`ymkw XpSßnb hnhn[
tI{µmhnjv I rX ]≤XnIƒ°pff kwÿm\ k¿°mcns‚
hnlnXamWv . Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\ßƒ k¿hin£m
A`nbm\p apS°p∂ ]WØn\p ]pdsabmWnXv. CXv AXy¥w
Zu¿`mKyIcamb Hcp ÿnXnhntijamWv. F{Xtbm
Zo¿L\mfsØ hnZym`ymk ]mcºcyapff tIcfØns‚ kvIqƒ
hnZym`ymkw Zn√nbnencp∂v Bkq{XWw sNøp∂Xv Fs¥mcp
Akw_‘amsW∂v BtemNn®p t\m°pI. GXm≠v 839 tImSn
cq] hnhn[ tI{µ kvIqƒ hnZym`ymk kv°oapIfneqsS \ap°p
e`yamIpw. Cu XpI kwÿm\Øns‚ kmlNcyßƒ
°\pkcn®v kzX{¥ambn hn\ntbmKn°m≥ Ahkc
ap≠mbncps∂¶n¬ F¥p henb t\´ßƒ hnZym`ymk
an
taJebn¬ ssIhcn°m≥ Ignbpambncp∂p.

ar
ka
115. lb¿ sk°≥Udnbv ° pw shmt°jW¬ lb¿

ok
sk°≥Udnbv°pw IqSn 45 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. CXn¬

lo
ul
19 tImSn cq] et_md´dnIƒ°pw sse{_dnbv°pw 5 tImSn cq]

M
kvtImf¿jn∏n\pw th≠nbmWv.
116. tIcf tÃ‰v C≥Ãn‰yq´v Hm^v Unssk\v 5 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. sFSnsF \hoIcWØn\p 42.8 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. CsXmcp k¿hIme sdt°m¿UmWv.
11 sFSnsF˛Ifn¬ aq∂mw jn^v‰v Bcw`n°p∂XmWv. ]pXpXmbn
]ffn∏mSv, s]cn™\w, hS°mt©cn, \nebv°map°v,
Xq°p]mew, s]cn¥¬aÆ, Iq‰\mSv, sNdpIp∂v, NmØawKew,
]ocptaSv F∂o 10 sFSnsFIƒ Bcw`n°p∂XmWv.
117. Ifaticn t]mfnsSIv\n°v Uba≠v Pq_nen
HmUnt‰mdnbØn\v 25 e£w cq] A\phZn°p∂p.
53
D∂XhnZym`ymkhpw ssh⁄m\nI kaqlhpw
118. tIcfsØ Hcp ssh⁄m\nI kaqlambn am‰pI F∂
e£ytØmsSbmWv D∂X hnZym`ymk taJebnse kuIcyßƒ
hn]pes∏SptØ≠Xv. 2001˛06 Imebfhv henb Xncn®SnbpsS
Imeambncp∂p. km[mcWKXnbn¬ F√m hIp∏pIfpsSbpw
{Km‚pIƒ F√m h¿jhpw ]ØpiXam\w hoXw
h¿≤n°pIbmWv ]Xnhv. F∂m¬ D∂XhnZym`ymk taJebnse
]≤XnbnXc {Km‚ v 2001˛02˛¬ 710.28 tImSn cq] Bbncp∂Xv
2005˛06˛¬ 790.34 tImSn cq]bmbn XpScpIbmbncp∂p. CXns‚
êambn AXymhiyw HgnhpIƒ t]mepw \nIØm\mhmØ \ne
k¿hIemimeIƒ°p h∂ptN¿∂p. F∂m¬ Cu ÿnXn
hntijw C∂p ]mtS amdn. 2010˛11˛¬ 1573.76 tImSn cq]bmWv
an
D∂X hnZym`ymktaJebv°v A\phZn® ]≤XnbnXc {Km‚v.

ar
ka
CXv 2296.54 tImSn cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p.

ok
119. 2005˛06˛¬ F√m k¿hIemimeIƒ°pambn ]≤Xnbn¬

lo
ul
hIbncpØnbncp∂Xv 51.23 tImSn cq]bmbncp∂p. 2010˛11˛¬ CXv

M
129.08 tImSn cq]bmbn. Ct∏mgnXv 144.75 tImSn cq]bmbn

Db¿Øp∂p. 2011˛12˛¬ tIcf, FwPn, tImgnt°mSv , IÆq¿
k¿hIemimeIƒ°v 15 tImSn cq] hoXhpw kwkv I rX
k¿hIemimebv°v 10 tImSn cq]bpw hIbncpØp∂p.
120. ]pXpXmbn sh‰n\dn k¿hIemime, ^njdokv
k¿hIemime, saUn°¬ k¿hIemime F∂o aq∂p
k¿hIemimeIƒ Bcw`n°pIbp≠mbn. Chbv°v 30 tImSn
cq] hIbncpØp∂p. Im¿jnI k¿hIemimebpsS ]≤Xn
hnlnXambn 45 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. sIm®n
k¿hIemimebv°v 12 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
54
121. k¿hIemimeIfnse \nba\\ntcm[\w FSpØpam‰n.
A^nentb‰Uv tImtfPpIfn¬ 1708 XkvXnIIƒ krjvSn®p.
k¿hIemimeIfn¬ 317 XkvXnIIƒ krjvSn®p. 10 C‚¿
bqWnthgvkn‰n sk‚dpIƒ Bcw`n®p. 2011˛12˛¬ Xmsg ]dbp∂
50 k¿°m¿ FbnUUv tImfPpIfn¬ Hmtcm ]pXnb
tImgv k pIƒ Bcw`n°p∂XmWv . k¿°m¿ tImtfPpIƒ˛
Imk¿tImSv , at©izcw, IÆq¿, ae∏pdw, s]cn¥¬aÆ,
Nme°pSn, I´∏\, tImSt©cn, am\¥hmSn, FfcnØ´v, ]´mºn,
sImgn™mºmd, samtIcn, aS∏ffn, t]cm{º, sImbnem≠n,
I¬∏‰, Nn‰q¿, Aºe∏pg, Nhd, B‰nß¬, tImgnt°mSv
B¿Svkv B≥Uv kb≥kv tImtfPv, almcmPmkv, hnIvtSmdnb,
{_Æ≥, bqWnthgvkn‰n tImtfPpIƒ. FbnUUv tImtfPpIƒ ˛
hfmt©cn, aºmSv, s]m∂m\n FwCFkv tImfPpIƒ, sNºg¥n,
an
sIm√w, tN¿Øe, IÆq¿, tNe∂q¿ Fkv F≥ tImtfPpIƒ,

ar
ka
Nß\mticn, ]me°mSv, H‰∏mew F≥FkvFkv tImtfPpIƒ,

ok
sk‚ v ssa°nƒkv , sk‚ v tkhntbgv k v , ^mØna amXm

lo
ul
\mjW¬ tImtfPv, sk‚v tPmk^v Be∏pg, am¿

M
Chm\ntbmkv , acnb≥ tImtfPv , sk‚ v t Pmk^v tZhKncn,

ae_m¿ {Inkv X y≥, FwFkv F w, SnsIFw, tIcf h¿Ω,
Xetbme∏dºv tZhkzw t_m¿Uv, Bƒ skbn‚ vkv
tImtfPpIƒ.
122. Fgp]XpIfpsS BZy]IpXnbn¬ AcUk\ntesd
D∂X KthjW hnZym]oTßƒ imkv{XtaJeIfn¬
ÿm]n°s∏´Xv tIcfØns‚ ssh⁄m\nI hnImkØn¬
\n¿WmbI kw`hhnImkambncp∂p. CXns\°mtfsd
{][m\s∏´XmWv kao]ImeØv tI{µ klmbtØmsS
kwÿm\Øp ÿm]n® k¿hIemimeIfpw ]T\KthjW
tI{µßfpw. Xncph\¥]pcsØ C¥y≥ C≥Ãn‰yq´v Hm^v
55
kvs]bvkv kb≥kv B≥Uv sSIvt\mfPn (270 tImSn cq]),
C¥y≥ C≥Ãn‰yq´v Hm^v kb≥kv FPyqt°j≥ B≥Uv
dntk¿®v (500 tImSn cq]), Imk¿tImSv sk≥{S¬
bqWnthgvkn‰n Hm^v tIcf (720 tImSn cq]), Xriqcnse thƒUv
sk≥{S¬ bqWnthgvkn‰n (720 tImSn cq]), sk‚¿ t^m¿
AenK¿ ap…nw bqWnthgvkn‰n (500 tImSn cq]), hnXpcbnse
\mjW¬ sk‚¿ t^m¿ tamfnIypem¿ sa‰ocnb¬kv (75 tImSn
cq]) F∂nhbmWv Ch.
123. k¿hIemimemXeØn¬ aebmf `mjm]T\sØbpw
KthjWsØbpw t{]m’mln∏n°p∂Xn\v 10 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. tIcf k¿hIemimebpambn _‘s∏´v Hcp
C‚¿ bqWnthgvkn‰n sk‚¿ ÿm]n°m\mbncn°pw Cu ]Ww
sNehgn°pI. almflmKm‘n k¿hIemimebn¬
an
ar
tUm. sI. F≥. cmPv sk‚¿ t^m¿ ]ªnIv ^n\m≥kv B≥Uv

ka
πm\nwKv ÿm]n°p∂Xn\p 3 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.

ok
ap≠ticn sk‚¿ t^m¿ amkv IΩyqWnt°j\p sIm®n

lo
ul
k¿hIemimebv°v am®nwKv {Km‚mbn 5 tImSn cq]

M
hIbncpØp∂p. sNºg¥n {io \mcmbW ]T\ KthjW

tI{µØn\v 50 e£w cq] A\phZn°p∂p.
124. \mjW¬ bqWnthgvkn‰n Hm^v AUzm≥kvUv eoK¬
ÃUokn\pw \mep em tImtfPpIƒ°pw 6 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. sIknF®v B dn\v 3 tImSn cq]bpw C‚¿
bqWnthgv k n‰n sk‚dpIƒ°v 2 tImSn cq]bpw lb¿
FPyqt°j≥ sk‚dn\v 5 tImSn cq]bpw hIbncpØp∂p.
Fw Zmk≥ satΩmdnb¬ C≥Ãn‰yq´v Hm^v F©n\obdnwKv
B≥Uv C≥^¿taj≥ sSIvt\mfPn enan‰Un\v 2 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. ]∑\ kwkvIrX k¿hIemime Imºkn\v
1 tImSn cq] A\phZn°p∂p.
56
125. skkv , knUªypB¿ UnFw, sIF^v B ¿sF,
\m‰v]mIv, Sn_nPnB¿sF, sIFkvFw F∂o imkv{XKthjW
ÿm]\ßƒ°v 22 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. kwÿm\
imkv{X kmt¶XnI ]cnÿnXn Iu¨knens‚ a‰p
{]h¿Ø\ßƒ°v 24 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. Iu¨knens‚
CXphscbpff {]h¿Ø\m\p`hsØbpw tIcfØnse
imkv{XKthjW ÿm]\ßfpsS \nesbbpw Ipdn®v G‰hpw
{]K¤cmb imkv{X⁄cpsS Hcp IΩnjs\s°m≠v
]p\chtemI\w \SØp∂XmWv. sk‚¿ t^m¿ Uhe∏vsa‚ v
ÃUokn\p 3 tImSn cq]bpw sFFwPnbv°pw knFwUnbv°pw
1 tImSn cq] hoXw hIbncpØp∂p. doPW¬ Im≥k¿
an
sk‚dn\v 25 tImSn cq] A\phZn°p∂p. imkv{Xkmt¶XnI

ar
KthjW ÿm]\ßfnse Poh\°m¿°v s]≥j≥

ka
ok
G¿s∏SpØp∂XmWv. CXn\mbn Hmtcm ÿm]\Øn\pw kzX{¥

lo
s]≥j≥ ^≠v cq]oIcn°p∂XmWv. \n›nX XpIbv°∏pdw

ul
M
_m[yX k¿°m¿ Gs‰Sp°p∂X√.
126. Xncph\¥]pcw F©n\obdnwKv tImtfPv Imºknt\mSp

_‘s∏´v kb≥kv B≥Uv sSIv t \mfPn dnk¿®v ]m¿°v
ÿm]n°p∂XmWv . sSIv t \m]m¿°v amXrIbnepff Cu
]m¿°n¬ Xncph\¥]pcØpw {]m¥{]tZiØpapff
imkv{XKthjW ÿm]\ßtfmSp _‘s∏´v et_mdńIfpw
a‰pw ÿm]n°p∂Xn\v kzImcyhyhkmbnIsf t{]m’mln
∏n°p∂XmWv. CXn\v 10 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
tImgnt°mSv F©n\obdnwKv tImtfPn\v 15 tImSnbpsS ]pXnb
kap®bw ]Wnbm≥ 5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
57
kmwkv°mcnI ÿm]\ßƒ
127. Iem kmwkv°mcnI ÿm]\ßƒ°v 50 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. ayqknbßƒ°pw arKimeIƒ°pw 7.75 tImSn
cq]bpw IemaWvUeØn\v 6 tImSn cq]bpw Ne®n{X hnIk\
tIm¿]tdj\pw Ne®n{X A°mZanbv°pw 2 tImSn cq] hoXhpw
kmlnXy A°mZan, kwKoX \mSI A°mZan, efnXIem
A°mZan F∂nhbv°v 1.5 tImSn cq] hoXhpw _mekmlnXy
C≥Ãn‰yq´v, `mjm C≥Ãn‰yq´v, t^mIvtem¿ A°mZan, Bd∑pf
hmkvXphnZym KpcpIpew F∂nhbv°v 1 tImSn cq] hoXhpw
\o°nshbv°p∂p.
128. aebmf kn\nasb t{]m’mln∏n°p∂Xn\v
Nn{XmRvPen ÃpUntbmbn¬ \n¿Ωn°p∂ aebmf kn\naIƒ°v
an
NpcpßnbXv 5 e£w cq]tbm hnt\mZ\nIpXnbpsS 50

ar
iXam\tam k_vknUnbmbn \¬Ip∂XmWv. ]camh[n 25

ka
ok
e£w cq]bmbncn°pw C{]Imcw k_vknUnbmbn \¬IpI. a‰p

lo
aebmf Nn{Xßƒ°v CXns‚ ]IpXnbmhpw k_v k nUn

ul
M
\¬IpI. ]pXpXmbn ]Wnbp∂ aƒńπIvkpIsf BZysØ

A©ph¿jw hnt\mZ\nIpXnbn¬ \n∂pw Hgnhm°pw.
129. kmwkv ° mcnI {]h¿ØI t£a\n[nbntebv ° p
2 tImSn cq] A\phZn°p∂p. Nn{XmRvPen ÃpUntbm hf∏n¬
^nenw kn‰n cq]oIcn°m≥ 1 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
H‰∏meØv Nn{XmRvPen ÃpUntbmbpsS A\p_‘ an\n ^nenw
kn‰n ÿm]n°p∂Xn\v 50 e£w cq] A\phZn°p∂p.
A¥¿t±iob Xotb‰¿ s^Ãnshen\pw A¥¿t±iob ^nenw
s^Ãnshen\pw 50 e£w cq] hoXw A\phZn°p∂p. kqcy
s^Ãnshen\v 25 e£w cq] A\phZn°p∂p. _mekmlnXy
C≥Ãn‰yqńs‚ B`napJyØnepff Xncph\¥]pcw
58
]pkvXtIm’hØn\v 25 e£w cq] hIbncpØp∂p. Ign™
A©ph¿jw XpS¿®bmbn \S∂phcp∂ {]mtZinI ^nenw
s^ÃnshepIƒ°pw ^nenw ¢_pIƒ°pw [\klmbw
\¬Ip∂Xn\v ^nenw skmssk‰n sÛtdj\v 50 e£w cq]
hIbncpØp∂p.
130. Un∏m¿´psa‚v Hm^v B¿°ntbmfPnbv°v 2 tImSn cq]
A\phZn°p∂p. tIcf tÃ‰v B¿ss°hvkn\v 2 tImSn cq]
A\phZn°p∂p. tIcf tÃ‰v sse{_dn Iu¨knen\v 1 tImSn
cq]bpw tÃ‰v sk≥{S¬ sse{_dnbv ° v 2 tImSn cq]bpw
A\phZn°p∂p.
131. Xncph\¥]pcØv Dffq¿ `h\w, X{km°nse
H.hn. hnPb≥ ayqknbw F∂nhbv°v 50 e£w cq] hoXw
an
A\phZn°p∂p. ]n. F≥. ]Wn°¿ hn⁄m≥ hnImkv tI{µ,

ar
hfftØmƒ FUyqt°j≥ {SÃv , FdWmIpfØv ]Wv U n‰v

ka
ok
sI. ]n. Idp∏≥ P∑iXm_vZn kvamcIw, ap≠ticn kvamcIw,

lo
Ip‰n∏pg kvamcIw, Ip©≥ \ºym¿ kvamcIw, XIgn kvamcIw,

ul
M
hbem¿ cmah¿Ω satΩmdnb¬ {SÃv , F≥. Irjv W ]nff

ût≠j≥, Iøq¿ c‡km£n kvamcIw, Xriq¿ FFkvF≥
kvamcI hmZyIem]oTw, FdWmIpfw Sn. sI. cmaIrjvW≥
kvamcIw, sI]nFkn ImbwIpfw, Xncp-h\
- ¥
- ]
- pcw kwKoX`mcXn,
Ccntßmƒa\ ]p\cp≤mcWw, Ccntßmƒ Imhp kwc£Ww
F∂nhbv°v 20 e£w cq] hoXw A\phZn°p∂p.
132. Xncph\¥]pcØv kn. hn. cma≥]nff {]Xna,
DÆmbnhmcy¿ kvamcI Iem\nebw, IcIpfw {KmaoW ]T\
tI{µw, Im™ßmSv sI. am[h≥ ût≠j≥, ]∑\ B{iaw,
tImhfw IhnIƒ, ap≠ticn ût≠j≥, Hmbq¿
sIm®ptKmhnµ∏nff Bim≥ kv a mcIw, tN¿Øebnse
59
Cń ANypX≥ sshZy¿ kvamcIw, Xebv°¬ N¥p kvamcI
Asºbv Ø p a’cw, Ieqcnse sshtem∏nffn kv a mcIw,
Xncph\¥]pcw \nco£ kv { Xo\mSI kwLw, Infnam\q¿
cmPmchnh¿Ω kvamcIw, IS∏m°Sbn¬ hn. KwKm[c≥ {]Xna
F∂nhbv°v 10 e£w cq] hoXw A\phZn°p∂p.
133. am∏nf Ie, kmlnXyw, kwkv ° mcw F∂nhbv ° p
\¬Ip∂ tambn≥Ipń sshZy¿ kvamcI Ahm¿Uv
G¿s∏SpØpw. tambn≥Ipń sshZy¿ kvamcIØn\v 20 e£w
cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
134. Xriqcnse {_“kzw aTw thZ]mTimebpsS sIńS
]p\cp≤mcWØn\mbn 1 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
shßm\qcnse Aø¶mfn kvamcI kv°qfns‚
an
]p\cp≤mcWØn\v 1 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.

ar
ka
135. ]{X{]h¿ØI¿°pff s]≥j≥ 2500 cq]

ok
4000 cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p. `h\k_vknUnbmb 50,000 cq]

lo
ul
hoSp hmßp∂h¿°pw e`yam°pw. BtcmKy C≥jzd≥kn\p

M
th≠n 40 e£w cq] hIbncpØp∂p. tIkcn UnPn‰¬ ]{X

B¿ss°hvkn\pth≠n 15 e£w cq]bpw ae∏pdw {]kv ¢_n\v
15 e£w cq]bpw U¬lnbnse {]kv ¢_v Hm^v C¥ybpsS
\hoIcWØn\v 25 e£w cq]bpw hIbncpØp∂p.
kvt]m¿´vkv
136. 35˛mw tZiob sKbnwkv BXntYbXzw tIcfØnse
kv t ]m¿´v k v kuIcyßfpsS hnIk\Øn\v Hchkcam°n
am‰m\mWv \mw {ian°p∂Xv. samØw 500 tImSn cq]bpsS
\n¿ΩmW {]hrØnIƒ°pff ]cn]mSn Xømdm°nbn´p≠v .
B\zn‰n ASnÿm\Øn¬ 290 tImSn cq] apS°n Imcyh´w,
hńbq¿°mhv, tImgnt°mSv, Xncph\¥]pcw sk≥{S¬
60
tÃUnbßfpsS \hoIcWamWv Chbnte‰hpw {][m\w. a‰v
A\p_‘ tÃUnbßƒ°v 200 tImSn cq] sNehp hcpw.
2011˛12˛tebv ° v Ct∏mƒ 120 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
s\Sp¶≠w, Xeticn, tImXawKew, aqhm‰p]pg, Be∏pg,
Ip∂wIpfw F∂nhnSßfnse tÃUnbßƒ ]q¿ØoIcn°m≥ 10
tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. \oteizcØv CFwFkv
satΩmdnb¬ tÃUnbØn\pw amfbn¬ IcpWmIc≥
satΩmdnb¬ tÃUnbØn\pw Hmtcm tImSn cq] hoXw
hIbncpØp∂p. ]me°mSv C≥tUm¿ tÃUnbØn\pw kznΩnwKv
tImwπIv k n\pw 3 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. ao\ßmSn,
Infnam\q¿, ]p√qcm≥]md aØmbn Nmt°m kv t ]m¿´v k v
tImwπIvkv an\n tÃUnbßƒ°mbn 2 tImSn cq]
an
hIbncpØp∂p.
ar
ka
137. kvt]m¿´vkv Iu¨knen\p 12 tImSn cq]

ok
hIbncpØp∂p. tIcf kwÿm\ bphP\t£a t_m¿Un\v

lo
ul

M
138. k¿°kv IemImc∑mcpsS s]≥j≥ 500 cq]bn¬\n∂v

750 cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p.
139. ae∏pdw Pn√m kv t ]m¿´v k v tImwπIv k v B≥Uv
^pSvt_mƒ A°mZanbv°v kwÿm\ k¿°m¿ 1 tImSn cq]
A\phZn®ncp∂p. CXns‚ H∂mwL´w ]q¿ØoIcn°m\mbn
1 tImSn cq]IqSn A[nIambn A\phZn°p∂p. tagvkn°p´≥
AXv e ‰nIv A°mZanbv ° v 25 e£w cq] A\phZn°p∂p.
I™n°pgnbn¬ t{]m{Kkohv ¢_ns‚ B`napJyØn¬ Iehq¿
tKm]n\mYv thmfn_mƒ A°mZan ÿm]n°m≥ 25 e£w cq]
hIbncpØp∂p.
61
XIII
BtcmKyw
140. s]mXphnZym`ymkØnse∂t]mse s]mXp BtcmKy
taJebnepw KpW]camb am‰w A\p`hthZyamWv. Bip]{Xn
A]v{KtUjs‚ êambn knF®vknIfpsS FÆw 114˛¬ \n∂pw
236 Bbn Db¿∂n´p≠v. tUmIvS¿am¿°p kvs]jymen‰n tIU¿
krjvSn°pIbpw saUn°¬ tImtfPv tUmIvS¿amcpsS kzImcy
NnIn’ \ntcm[n°pIbpw sNbv X p. saUn°¬ k¿hokkv
tIm¿]tdjs‚ cq]oIcWtØmsS Ahiyacp∂pIfpsS
Zu¿e`yw C√mXmbn. Ign™ h¿jw Bip]{Xn hnIk\
an
kanXnIƒ°v \hw_¿ 30 hsc 28 tImSn cq] C≥jzd≥kn¬

ar
\n∂p e`yambn.
ka
ok
141. BtcmKytaJebv°p samØØn¬ 252 tImSn cq]

lo
hIbncpØp∂p. CXn\p]pdsa GXm≠v 508 tImSn cq] tZiob

ul
M
BtcmKy anj\n¬ \n∂p {]Xo£n°mw. kwÿm\

et_md´dnIfnsebpw Pn√m Xmeq°v Bip]{XnIfnsebpw
Ubt·mÃnIv kuIcyw h¿≤n∏n°p∂Xn\v 18 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. s]mXp BtcmKy ÿm]\ßfpsS
A]v{KtUj\pw tkh\ßƒ sa®s∏SpØp∂Xn\pambn 48 tImSn
cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
142. A©p saUn°¬ tImtfPpIƒ°pw IÆmip]{Xnbv°pw
^m¿akyqń°¬ tImfPn\pambn 52 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
Z¥¬ tImfPpIƒ°v 3.9 tImSn cq]bpw \gvknwKv tImfPpIƒ°v
6.7 tImSn cq]bpw hIbncpØp∂p. ae_m¿ Im≥k¿ sk‚dn\v
{]tXyI [\klmbambn 12 tImSn cq] A\phZn°p∂p.
62
Xncph\¥]pcw saUn°¬ tImfPn¬ \ntbmt\t‰mfPn
C‚≥kohv sIb¿ bqWn‰pw ]pXnb tam¿®dnbpw
ÿm]n°p∂XmWv. tImgnt°mSv, tIm´bw, Xriq¿ saUn°¬
tImfPpIfn¬ ]pXnb FwB¿sF kvIm\dpIfpw ÿm]n°pw.
Ubs_‰nIv C≥Ãn‰yqńs\ htbmP\ ]T\tI{µambn
hnIkn∏n°p∂Xn\v 6 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
143. saUn°¬ tImfPpIfn¬ sdknU‚vkns‚ {]Xnamk
ssÃ∏≥Uv 1˛1˛2011 apX¬ ap≥Ime{]m_eytØmsS
h¿≤n∏n°p∂p. Pq\nb¿ sdknU‚ vkns‚ ssÃ∏≥Uv H∂mw
h¿jw 23,000 cq]bmbpw c≠mw h¿jw 24,000 cq]bmbpw aq∂mw
h¿jw 25,000 cq]bmbpw Db¿Øp∂p. ko\nb¿
sdknU‚v k nt‚Xv H∂mw h¿jw 28,000 cq]bmbpw c≠mw
h¿jw 29,000 cq]bmbpw aq∂mw h¿jw 30,000 cq]bmbpw
an
ar
h¿≤n∏n°p∂p. Z¥¬, Bbq¿thZw, tlmantbm hn`mKßfnse

ka
sdknU‚ vkn\pw CX\pkcn®pff h¿≤\ hcpØp∂XmWv.

ok
lo
144. P\d¬ s\gvknwKv B≥Uv anUv ssh^dn

ul
M
hnZym¿∞nIƒ°pff {]Xnamk ssÃ∏≥Uv 300 cq]bn¬ \n∂v

700 cq]bm°n h¿≤n∏n°p∂p.
145. Be∏pg saUn°¬ tImfPv Bip]{Xnbn¬ Pn√m
saUn_m¶n\v kz¥ambn sIńSw \n¿Ωn°p∂Xn\v 20 e£w
cq] A\phZn°p∂p. Be∏pgbn¬ Sn. hn. tXmakv kvamcI
klIcW Bip]{Xn ÿm]n°p∂Xn\v 1 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p.
146. Bbp¿thZØn\v 27 tImSn cq]bpw tlmantbm∏Xnbv°v
25 tImSn cq]bpw hIbncpØp∂p. Pn√m Xmeq°v Bbq¿thZ
Bip]{XnIfn¬ htbmP\ßƒ°mbpff {]tXyI hm¿UpIƒ
Bcw`n°p∂XmWv. Be∏pg, tIm´bw, FdWmIpfw, ]me°mSv,
63
ae∏pdw Pn√m Bbq¿thZ Bip]{XnIfnse InS°IfpsS FÆw
50˛¬ \n∂v 100 Bbn Db¿Øp∂XmWv. F√m Pn√m
Bip]{XnIfnepw ]©I¿Ω As√¶n¬ £mckq{X kuIcyw
G¿s∏SpØp∂XmWv. Huj[nbv°v 4 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
Bbq¿thZ, tlmantbm hn`mKßƒ°pff AS¶ens‚
]IpXnØpI saUn°¬ hnZym`ymkØn\p th≠nbpffXmWv.
2 tImSn cq] tIm´bv ° ¬ Bbp¿thZ ]T\ KthjW
tI{µØn\v A\phZn°p∂p. tlmwtImbv ° p 4 tImSn cq]
A\phZn°p∂p.
147. hni∏n√m \Kc ]≤Xnbv°v 2 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p.
148. Xncph\¥]pcw sFt°mWn\p 3 tImSn cq]bpw
an
ar
\njn\p 4 tImSn cq]bpw {]tXyIambn hIbncpØp∂p.

ka
IpSnshffw
ok
lo
ul
149. F√m hońepw ip≤Pew F∂ e£yØntebv°v \mw

M
ASpØpsIm≠ncn°pIbmWv. 2001˛06 Imebfhn¬ ]q¿ØoIcn®

]≤XnIfnembn 25 e£w t]¿°mWv IpSnshffw
e`yam°nbXv. F∂m¬ 2006˛11 ImeØv ]q¿ØoIcn°p∂ 327
IpSnshff ]≤XnIfn¬ \n∂mbn 59 e£w t]¿°v
IpSnshffw e`yamIpw. ]pXnb IpSnshff ]≤XnIƒ°pw ]gb
]≤XnIfpsS \hoIcWØn\pambn 2761 tImSn cq]bpsS
`cWm\paXn \¬Inbn´p≠v . Zim_v Z ßfmbn apSßn°nS∂
F¬sFkn ]≤XnIfpsS ]q¿ØoIcWw, \_m¿Uv
klmbtØmsS kv ] m≥ ]≤Xn, DtØPI ]mt°Pns‚
`mKambpff km¿°v, \nehnepff \Kc]≤XnIfpsS \hoIcWw
XpSßnbh CXn¬s]Spw.
64
150. 964 tImSn cq]bmWv IpSnshff ipNnXz
]cn]mSnIƒ°mbn hIbncpØnbn´pffXv . 2011˛12¬ P∏m≥
IpSnshff ]≤XnIfn¬ apJyambpw _m°nbp≠mhpI
Xncph\¥]pcw, tImgnt°mSv kv°oapIfmWv. Chbv°mbn 500
tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. 1000 tImSn cq]bpsS ]pXnb
Pe\n[n t{]mPIv S n¬ \n∂v 2011˛12˛¬ 112 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØnbn´p≠v . Cu ]mt°Pn¬ 400 {Kma]©mbØp
Ifnembn 9650 sNdpInS kv I oapIƒ Dƒs∏SpØnbn´p≠v .
\nehnepff kv ° oapIfpsS ]gb ss]∏pIƒ am‰p∂Xn\pw
a‰pambn 20 tImSntbmfw cq] hIbncpØp∂p. Ign™
aq∂ph¿jØn\nSbn¬ {]Jym]n® kv]m≥, km¿°v XpSßnb
]mt°PpIfnse kv ° oapIƒ°pth≠n 100 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p.
an
ar
151. 2011˛12˛¬ Bcw`n°p∂ ]mdime, IpacIw F∂o

ka
]pXnb ]≤XnIƒ°v 60 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.

ok
lo
Fcptaenbnsebpw i_cnaebnsebpw IpSnshff ]≤XnIƒ°v

ul
8.5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. {KmaoW ipNnXz

M
]cn]mSnIƒ°mbn tI{µhnlnXaS°w 40 tImSn cq]bmWv Cu

h¿jsØ AS¶¬.
XIV
Xt±i kzbw`cWw
\memw [\Imcy IΩnj≥
152. \memw kwÿm\ [\Imcy IΩnj≥ tIcfØnse
A[nImc hntI{µoIcW \S]SnIfpsS Ncn{XØn¬
\mgnI°√mbn amdpIbmWv . Ign™ [\Imcy IΩnj≥
65
Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\ßƒ°v {Km‚n¬ hcpØnb
shń°pdhpIƒ ]q¿Wambpw ]p\xÿm]n®p. CXns‚ êambn
hnkvabIcamb tXmXnemWv Xt±ikzbw`cW
ÿm]\ßƒ°pff {Km‚pIƒ h¿≤n°p∂Xv.
153. k¿, Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\ßfpsS hnIk\ ^≠v
2010˛11- ˛ ¬ 2049 tImSn cq]bmbncp∂Xv Rm≥ 2750 tImSn
cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p. IΩnj≥ dnt∏m¿´v ka¿∏n°p∂Xn\p
apºv ]≤Xnbv°p cq]w \¬In°gn™ncp∂Xn\m¬ 2574 tImSn
cq]tb ]≤Xnbn¬ hIbncpØnbn´pffq. 176 tImSn cq]
IqSn A[nIambn A\phZn°pIbmWv . Xt±ikzbw`cW
ÿm]\ßƒ°pff P\d¬ ]¿∏kv {Km‚ v 2010˛11-˛¬ 439 tImSn
cq]bmbncp∂Xv 617 tImSn cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p. sabn‚\≥kv
{Km‚v 512 tImSnbn¬ \n∂v 793 tImSnbmbn Db¿Øp∂p. samØw
an
ar
{Km‚ v 3000 tImSn cq]bn¬ \n∂v 4160 tImSn cq]bmbn Dbcpw.

ka
39 iXam\amWv h¿≤\. [\hn\ymkw kw_‘n® IΩnjs‚

ok
lo
\n¿t±ißƒ bmsXmcp t`ZKXnbpan√msX k¿°m¿

ul
AwKoIcn°p∂p.
M
154. C{Xtbsd ]Ww ê{]Zambn sNehgn°m\pff

DtZymKÿ kwhn[m\w IqSntb Xocq. Xt±ikzbw`cW
ÿm]\ßfpsS h¿≤n® s]mXpacmaØp NpaXeIƒ
IW°nseSpØv Hcp AknÃ‚v FIvknIyqóhv F©n\ob¿
F√m tªm°nepw ap\nkn∏men‰nbnepw Dd∏phcpØm≥
85 XkvXnIIƒ A\phZn°p∂p.
{KmahnIk\w
155. ]q¿Wambpw Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\ßƒ hgnbmWv
{KmahnIk\ hIp∏ns‚ {]h¿Ø\ßƒ. ]pXpXmbn
Bcw`n°p∂ \mjW¬ dqd¬ ssehvenlpUv anj\v
66
8 tImSn cq] hIbncpØnbn´p≠v. Cu kvIow ]q¿Wambpw
IpSpw_{iobpambn kwtbmPn∏n®mbncn°pw \S∏m°pI.
IpSpw_{io Bbncn°pw t\mU¬ GP≥kn. IpSpw_{iobpsS
{]h¿Ø\w hnebncpØnbmWv \nehnep≠mbncp∂
FkvPnFkvssh kvIow F≥B¿F¬Fw Bbn ]cnjvIcn°m≥
tI{µk¿°m¿ Xocpam\n®Xv F∂Xv {]tXyIw {]kvXmhyamWv.
156. almflmKm‘n tZiob {KmaoW sXmgnepd∏p ]≤Xn
G‰hpw amXrIm]cambn \S∏nem°p∂Xv tIcfamsW∂v
tZiobXeØn¬ AwKoIcn°s∏ń´p≠v. tZiob am\ZWvUßƒ
]≤XnbpsS hym]\Øn\p XSkßtfsd krjvSn°p∂ps≠¶nepw
2010˛11˛¬ 750 tImSn cq]sb¶nepw Cu kv I ow {]Imcw
sNehgn°s∏Spsa∂p IcpXp∂p. \mfntIcw, d∫¿ XpSßnb
hnfIfpsS do πm‚nwKpw sXm≠ptiJcWhpw kv I oan¬
an
ar
Dƒs∏SpØWw F∂pff \ΩpsS Bhiyw CXphsc

ka
AwKoIcn°s∏ńń√.
ok
lo
157. ]nFwPnFkvssh ]≤Xn{]Imcw sS≥U¿ FIvkkv

ul
M
XpSßn a‰psNehpIsfm∂pw tI{µk¿°m¿ hln°p∂X√. CXv

]≤Xn \SØn∏n\p XSkw krjvSn°p∂p≠v. AXn\m¬ Cu
BhiyØn\p 13 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. lcnbmen
]≤XnbpsS kwÿm\hnlnXambn 8 tImSn cq]bpw
ipNnXzanj\v 9 tImSn cq]bpw Dƒs°mffn®n´p≠v. ]pXnb
tªm°p ]©mbØpIƒ°v sIńSßƒ ]Wnbp∂Xn\pw a‰pw
4 tImSn cq] A\phZn°p∂p.
158. 219 tImSn cq]bpsS A´∏mSn ]≤Xn hnPbIcambn
]q¿ØoIcn®p. 12,000 slIvS¿ h\Øns‚ ]p\cp÷oh\hpw
CXS°w 17,000 slIvS¿ `qanbnse \o¿ØShnIk\
]cn]mSnbpamWv apJyt\´w. BZnhmknIƒ°pth≠n 1500
67
hoSpIƒ ]q¿ØoIcn®p. AlmUvkn¬ {]hrØnsbSpØph∂
\√]¶v BfpIsf kmaqlyh\hXv I cWØnepw a‰pambn
D]tbmKs∏SpØp∂Xn\v [mcWbmbn´p≠v . ]≤XnbpsS
XpS¿\SØn∏n\v 8 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. CtX amXrIbn¬
hb\mSp Pn√bv ° p th≠n hn]peamb t{]mPIv S v 2011˛¬
Bcw`n°pw.
159. ]me°mSv, hb\mSv Pn√Ifnse kvIoapIƒ°p th≠n
_m°v t hUv doPnb≥ {Km‚ v ^≠n¬ \n∂v 34 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p.
160. C≥^¿taj≥ tIcf anj\v 4.5 tImSn cq]bpw
Inebv°v 6 tImSn cq]bpw hIbncpØp∂p.
\KchnIk\w
an
ar
161. AXnthKØnepff \KchXvIcWØns‚ {]iv\ßƒ

ka
th≠hn[w ssIImcyw sNøm≥ C\nbpw \ap°p Ign™nń√.

ok
\Kc{]tZißƒ tIcfØns‚ hnkvXrXnbpsS 6 iXam\ta

lo
ul
hcnIbpffqsh¶nepw samØw P\kwJybpsS 26 iXam\w

M
ChnsSbmWv ]m¿°p∂Xv. samØw D¬]mZ\Øns‚

50 iXam\Øntesd Cu taJebnemWv. Cu ÿnXnhntijw
krjvSn°p∂ {]iv\ßƒ°p ]cnlmcw ImWp∂Xn\p
\Kcmkq{XWw i‡ns∏SpØWw. ap≥kn∏men‰nIƒ°pw
tIm¿]tdj\pIƒ°pw 489 tImSn cq] hnIk\ ^≠mbpw 139
tImSn cq] P\d¬ ]¿]kv {Km‚mbpw hIbncpØp∂p.
Phl¿em¬ s\{lp A¿_≥ dn\yqh¬ anj\v 175 tImSn
cq]bpw \Kc kpÿnc ]≤Xnbv ° v 105 tImSn cq]bpw
hIbncpØnbn´p≠v. bpUnkvam‰n¬ \n∂v 70 tImSn cq]bmWv
Cu h¿jw e`n°pI. tNcnhnIk\Øn\pw \KcZcn{Z¿°pw
th≠nbpff {]tXyI ]cn]mSnbn¬ 176 tImSn cq]
68
hIbncpØnbn´p≠v . Xeÿm\ \KchnIk\ ]≤Xnbv ° v
10.5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. Cu ]≤XnIfpsS \SØn∏v
kab_‘nXambn \oßnbnń√ F∂ t]mcmbvabp≠v.
CXphscbpff A\p`hßƒ ]cntim[n®v Hcp XncpØ¬
]cn]mSnbv°p cq]w \¬Inbn´p≠v.
IpSpw_{io
162. ssat{Im ^n\m≥kv Iº\nIfpsS Xoshńs°mffbpsS
êambn B{‘bnepw a‰pw BfllXyIfS°apff Zpc¥ßƒ
krjvSn°s∏´Xns‚ ]›mØeØn¬ IpSpw_{io amXrIbpsS
tZiob{]k‡n h¿≤n®ncn°p∂p. Xt±ikzbw`cW
ÿm]\ßfpsS Iogn¬ kmapZmbnI, ]m¿ń ]cnKW\Iƒ°v
AXoXambn ASnÿm\ kmaqlyLSIw F∂ \nebnemWv
IpSpw_{io {]h¿Øn°p∂Xv. eLpkºmZy hmbv]Ifpw kq£va
an
sXmgn¬kwcw`ßfpw am{Xa√, Xt±ikzbw`cW

ar
ÿm]\ßfpsSbpw k¿°mcpIfpsSbpw \m\mhn[

ka
Zmcn{Zy\n¿Ωm¿P\ ]cn]mSnIfpsS t\mU¬ GP≥knbmbpw

ok
IpSpw_{io {]h¿Øn°p∂p.
lo
ul
M
163. IpSpw_{io cq]oIcn®Xn\p tijw 2008˛09 hsc BsI

50 tImSn cq]bmWv sNehn´Xv. 2009˛10˛¬ am{Xw 121 tImSn cq]
sNehgn®p. 2010˛11˛epw 100 tImSn cq] sNehp {]Xo£n°p∂p.
IpSpw_{iobpsS AS¶¬ 50 tImSn cq]bn¬ \n∂v 100 tImSn
cq]bmbn h¿≤n∏n°p∂p. \mep iXam\w ]enibv°v _m¶v
hmbv] Dd∏phcpØp∂Xn\pff ]eni k_vknUn, `h\{iobpsS
Xncn®Shv KUp F∂nh Dƒs∏sSbmWv Cu XpI. CXn\p ]pdsa
\KctaJebn¬ kwtbmPnX tNcnhnIk\ `h\]cn]mSn,
\KcØnse ]mhs∏´h¿°pff ASnÿm\ tkh\ßƒ
XpSßnb kv°oapIƒ°pff 151 tImSn cq]bpw
IpSpw_{iobv°mWv hIbncpØnbn´pffXv. t\csØ kqNn∏n®Xp
t]mse F≥B¿F¬Fw˛s‚ \SØn∏pw IpSpw_{io
hgnbmbncn°pw.
69
XV
s]mXp`cWw
klIcWw
164. kwÿm\Øns‚ hnIk\Øn¬ klIcW taJe
\n¿WmbI ]¶phln°p∂p. 2005˛06˛¬ klIcW \nt£]w
6500 tImSn cq]bmbncp∂Xv 2010˛11- ˛ ¬ 20,000 tImSn
cq]bntesdbmbn. hn`h]cnanXn adnIS°m≥ klIcW taJe
Fßs\ klmbIcamIpsa∂v a\knem°m≥ CFwFkv
]m¿∏nS ]≤Xn H∂pam{Xw aXn. klIcW taJebv ° v
43 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. klIcW saUn°¬
tImfPpIƒ°v 10 tImSn cq] hoXw {]tXyIambn
A\phZn°p∂p.
an
ar
165. Cu k¿°m¿ \nehn¬ hcptºmƒ

ka
klIcWtaJebv°pff F≥knUnkn klmbØn\p

ok
lo
samdt´mdnbambncp∂p. C∂v F≥knUnkn hmbv]Iƒ

ul
M
]p\cmcw`n®n´p≠v . F∂m¬ Zu¿`mKyhim¬ F≥knUnkn

hmbv] Xncn®Sbv°p∂ ]Xnhv klIcW taJebv°n√. X∑qew
CXns‚ ]q¿W _m[yX k¿°mcn\v Gs‰Spt°≠nhcp∂p.
2010˛11˛¬ F≥knUnknbpsS Xncn®Shmbn kwÿm\ k¿°m¿
45 tImSn cq] sNehgn°pIbp≠mbn.
166. k©nX\jvShpw 2006˛\p apºv \¬Inb
hnthN\clnXamb hmbv ] Iƒ \njv { Inb Bkv X nIfmbn
amdnbXpaqehpw kwÿm\ klIcW _m¶v AXohKuchamb
{]Xnk‘nbnemWv. \_m¿Uv do ^n\m≥kv \n¿Ønsh®p. CXv
Im¿jnI taJesb {]XnIqeambn _m[n°pw. AXpsIm≠v
\_m¿Uv hmbv] ]p\xÿm]n°m≥ Hcp ]mt°Pv \S∏nem°p∂
XmWv. CXns‚ `mKambn 150 tImSn cq] D][\m`y¿∞\Ifn¬
70
hIbncpØnbn´p≠v. Cu amkw Xs∂ ÿnXnKXnIƒ
km[mcWKXnbnemIpw.
167. shff°° klIcW kwLßƒ°v 25 e£w cq]
A\phZn°p∂p.
tIcf tÃ‰v tdmUv {Sm≥kvt]m¿´v tIm¿]tdj≥
168. kwÿm\sØ KXmKXØn¬ sIFkvB¿SnknbpsS
hnlnXw 13˛¬ \n∂v 27 iXam\ambn Db¿∂p. 2547 _kpIfpw
1188 sjUyqfpIfpw ]pXpXmbn Bcw`n®p. tImgnt°mSv ,
Xncph\¥]pcw _kvÃm≥Uv˛Iw˛tjm∏nwKv tImwπIvkpIfpsS
]Wn {ZpXKXnbn¬ \S°p∂p. Xncph\¥]pcsØ A¥¿
kwÿm\ _kv sS¿an\¬, ae∏pdw, Icp\mK∏ffn, s\SpaßmSv,
sXmSp]pg, ]me°mSv F∂nhnSßfn¬ tjm∏nwKv tImwπIvkpw
an
hS°mt©cnbn¬ KmtcPpw ]Wnbp∂XmWv. Im™ßmSv k_v

ar
ka
Unt∏mbpw XncphºmSn, dm∂n, tNe°c, Ccnń F∂nhnSßfn¬

ok
Hm∏td‰nwKv sk‚dpw XpSßp∂XmWv. 2011˛12˛¬ 1000 ]pXnb

lo
ul
_kpIƒ \ncØnend°pw.
M
169. sIFkvB¿SnknbpsS apJy{]iv\w òaamb

IS`mcamWv. ]enibn\Øn¬Xs∂ {]Xnamkw 25 tImSntbmfw
cq] \¬tI≠n hcp∂p. {]Xnamk \jvShpw A{XXs∂ hcpw.
sIFkvB¿SnknbpsS hn\ntbmKn°s∏SmØ `qkzØv
D]tbmKn®v C∂sØ IS`mcw KWyambn Ipdbv°p∂Xn\pff
]≤Xn Ahkm\L´ØnemWv. CXn\p Ign™m¬ sNdnsbmcp
{]Xnamk k_vknUnbpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ tIm¿]tdj\v
Imcy£aambn {]h¿Øn°m\mhpw. D][\m`y¿∞\Ifn¬
hIbncpØnbXS°w 2010˛11˛¬ kwÿm\ JP\mhn¬ \n∂v
205 tImSn cq]bmWv tIm¿]tdj\pff [\klmbw.
2011˛12˛tebv°v 100 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
71
170. sIm®nbnse KXmKX°pcp°n\p ]cnlmcap≠m°p∂
Xn\v B[p\nI s^dn t_m´pIƒ hmßm≥ 5 tImSn cq]
A\phZn°p∂p. sIm®nbn¬ {S°v sS¿an\¬ ÿm]n°p∂Xn\p
5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. tIcf kwÿm\ PeKXmKX
hIp∏n\p ]pXnb t_m´pIƒ hmßp∂Xn\v 1 tImSn cq]
{]tXyIambn A\phZn°p∂p.
i_cnae
171. ]p√ptaSp Zpc¥ßƒ C\n Bh¿Øn°cpXv. i_cnae
amÃ¿ πm\ns‚ BZyL´w ASpØ aIcØn\p apºv \S∏m°pw.
\nebv°¬ t_kv Imºn¬ 15000 hml\ßƒ ]m¿°p
sNøm\pff kuIcyw, ]ºbn¬ Fsa¿P≥kn Bw_pe≥kv
k¿hokn\p ]pXnb ]mX, henb \S∏¥en\p c≠mw\ne,
an
Z¿i\w Ign™p `‡¿°p t]mIm≥ AºeØn\p ]pdIn¬

ar
\n∂pw ]pXnb ^vssf Hmh¿, AchW \n¿ΩmWime

ka
ChntSbv°p am‰n ÿm]n°¬ F∂nhbmWv H∂mwL´Øn¬

ok
lo
\S∏m°pI. CXn\p 50 tImSn cq] hmbv]sbSp°pw. 25 tImSn

ul
cq] kvt]m¨k¿jn∏p hgn Is≠Øpw. _P‰n¬ 25 tImSn cq]

M
hIbncpØp∂p. aIchnf°p ImWm≥ `‡¿ Xnßn°qSp∂

F√m tI{µßfnepw kpc£m HmUn‰v \SØp∂Xpw AXns‚
ASnÿm\Øn¬ {IaoIcWßƒ hcpØp∂XpamWv.
172. i_cnae tdmUpIfn¬ 80 Intemao‰¿ tdmUpIƒ
CXn\Iw _nFw B≥Uv _nkn ]p\cp≤mcWØn\p Icm¿
\¬Inbn´p≠v . CXntebv ° mbn 12 tImSn cq] Cu h¿jw
hIbncpØp∂p. _m°nbpff 151 Intemao‰¿ ssZ¿Lyw ct≠m
aqt∂m ]mt°PpIfmbn tdmUv ^≠v t_m¿Uv Icm¿
\¬Ip∂XmWv. \nehnepffhbS°w F√m i_cnae
]mt°PpIfpw Zo¿LIme sabn‚\≥kns‚ ASnÿm\ØnemWv
Icm¿ \¬tI≠Xv.
72
173. B‰pIm¬ t£{X taJebpsS hnIk\Øn\v 478
tImSn cq]bpsS hnIk\ πm≥ Xømdm°nbn´p≠v. 118 tImSn
cq]bpsS \n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø\ßƒ \S∂phcp∂p. \Kc
hnIk\Øn\pff hnhn[ kvIoapIƒ kwtbmPn∏n®mWv CXn\p
]Ww Is≠ØpI. 10 tImSn cq] {]tXyIambn hIbncpØp∂p.
Kpcphmbq¿ s{Ubnt\Pv kvIoan\v 6 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
inhKncnbnse I¨sh≥j≥ sk‚dn\v 1 tImSn cq]
A[nIambn hIbncpØp∂p.
dh\yq
174. dh\yq hIp∏ns‚ G‰hpw {][m\s∏´ NpaXebmbn
UnkmÃ¿ amt\Pvsa‚v amdnbn´p≠v. hfsctbsd
hnhmZap≠m°nb kp\man ]p\c[nhmk ]≤Xnbv°v A\phZn®
an
XpI ]q¿Wambpw kwÿm\ k¿°m¿ sNehgn®p Ign™p.

ar
Gs‰SpØncn°p∂ kvIoapIƒ ]q¿Ønbm°p∂Xn\p th≠p∂

ka
ok
A[nIs®ehv kwÿm\ k¿°m¿ hln°pw. UnkmÃ¿

lo
amt\Pvsa‚v kvIoapIƒ°mbn 5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.

ul
M
dh\yq HmôkpIfpsS ]p\cp≤mcWØn\pw a‰pambn 10 tImSn

cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
175. h¿°e, NSbawKew, aeºpg, Kpcphmbq¿, aÆpØn
F∂o A©p ]pXnb an\n knhn¬ tÃj\pIƒ°v A\phmZw
\¬Ip∂p.
176. kzmX{¥y kactk\m\nIfpsS s]≥j≥ 2008˛¬
3000 cq]bn¬ \n∂v 5500 Bbn Db¿Ønbncp∂p. F∂m¬ UnF
h¿≤\ \¬Inbn√. Ct∏mƒ 30 iXam\w UnF A[nIambn
A\phZn°p∂p. ssk\nI, A¿≤ ssk\nI hn`mKßfnse
acWs∏SpItbm ImWmXmhpItbm sNøp∂hcpsS
IpSpw_ßƒ°pff [\ klmbw 1 e£w cq]bmbpw
73
]cpt°¬°p∂h¿°pff [\klmbw 25,000 cq] apX¬ 50,000
cq]hscbmbn Db¿Øp∂p. c≠mw temIbp≤Ønse `S∑m¿°pw
B{inX¿°papff [\klmbw Db¿Øp∂XmWv.
{Sjdn
177. {Sjdn ka{K \hoIcW ]cn]mSn ]mXnhgn ]n∂n´p
Ign™p. Iºyq´¿ kwhn[m\ßfpsS \hoIcWhpw tIm¿
_m¶nwKv k{ºZmbØntebv ° pff am‰hpw am¿®n\pffn¬
]q¿ØnbmIpw. 103 ]pXnb {Sjdn sIńSßƒ \n¿Ωn°m\pw
114 sIńSßƒ ]cnjvIcn°m\pw 120 tImSn cq]bpsS ]≤Xn
\S∏m°n hcnIbmWv. tIm¿´v ô ÃmºpIfpsSbpw PpUojy¬
Ãmºv t]∏dpIfpsSbpw IΩnj≥ 3.5 iXam\ambpw dh\yq
an
ÃmºpIfpsS IΩnj≥ 4 iXam\ambpw Db¿Øp∂p.

ar
cPnkvt{Sj≥
ka
ok
178. cPnkvt{Sj≥ hIp∏nse Iºyq´ssdtkj≥

lo
ul
]q¿ØoIcn°p∂Xn\v 4 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. `qanbpsS

M
\ymbhne kw_‘n® ]cmXnIƒ kab_‘nXambn

]cnlcn°p∂Xn\v F√m Pn√Ifnepw sU]yqń IfIvS¿amcpsS
t\XrXzØn¬ \ymbhne sk√pIƒ (Fare Value Cells)
cq]oIcn°p∂XmWv. Ch¿°v kzta[bm ]cntim[\ \SØm\pw
hne ]p\¿\n¿Wbn°m\pw AhImiap≠mbncn°pw.
179. IpSpw_mwKßƒ XΩnepff `mKm[mcØn\pw Hgnapdn
Icmdn\pw ap{Zhne 1 iXam\ambn Ipd®n´p≠v. `mKm[mcØns‚
ImcyØn¬ acn®pt]mb IpSpw_mwKØns‚ a°sf°qSn
Dƒs∏SpØnbn´p≠v. F∂m¬ Hgnapdn Icmdn¬ CXp
_m[Iam°nbnń√. Hgnapdn Icmdnepw CXp _m[Iam°p∂XmWv.
74
s]meokv
180. s]meokv hIp∏n\v 33.5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. 70
IΩyqWn‰n t]meokv dntkmgv k v sk‚dpIfpw 20 SqdnÃv
kwc£W tI{µßfpw apXn¿∂ ]uc∑m¿°mbpff
14 tkh\tI{µßfpw ÿm]n°p∂XmWv. P\kulrZ tkh\
kuIcyßƒ, SqdnÃv kwc£W tkh\tI{µßƒ XpSßnb
kvIoapIƒ°mbncn°pw Cu XpI sNehgn°pI. s]meokns\
Ipdn®v P\ßƒ°v hnhcßƒ \¬Ip∂Xn\v 20 S®v kv{Io≥
Intbmkv I pIƒ ÿm]n°pw. s]meokv luknwKv B≥Uv
I¨kv{S£≥ tIm¿]tdj\v 7.5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
181. Kpcphmbq¿ t£{Xw, DSpº≥tNme, ]nWdmbn
F∂nhnSßfn¬ s]meokv tÃj\pIfpw s]m∂m\n, ]qhm¿,
A©psXßv, A¿Øp¶¬, Xr°cn∏q¿ F∂nhnSßfn¬ XoctZi
an
t]meokv tÃj\pIfpw ]pXpXmbn Bcw`n°p∂XmWv .

ar
ka
knsFFkvF^v amXrIbn¬ tÃ‰v kvs]jy¬ skIyqcn‰n

ok
t^mgvkv cq]oIcn°pw. _m¶pIƒ, s]mXptaJem ÿm]\ßƒ

lo
ul
F∂nhbpsS kpc£m NpaXeIƒ°mbn ÿm]\ßƒ Xs∂

M
kmºØnI _m[yX hln®psIm≠mWv ]≤Xn \S∏m°pI.

182. ]pXpXmbn Ccnßme°pSbn¬ Hcp ^manen tImSXnbpw
Nmh°mSpw ]p\eqcpw k_v tImSXnbpw Bcw`n°p∂XmWv.
PpUojy¬ A°mZanbv°pff sIńSßfpw ASnÿm\
kuIcyßfpw \n¿Ωn°p∂XmWv.
FIvsskkv
183. hS°p˛a[y˛sX°p taJeIfn¬ Hmtcm∂pw ]me°mSv
sNIvt]mÃn¬ c≠pw aZy]cntim[\m et_md´dnIƒ
Bcw`n°p∂Xn\v 1 tImSn cq] A\phZn°p∂p. Pn√m
Bip]{XnIfn¬ Uo AUn£≥ sk‚dpIƒ Bcw`n°m≥
75
tamt´m¿ shln°nƒkv
184. tamt´m¿ shln°nƒkv Un∏m¿´psa‚n\v ]≤Xnbn¬ 6
tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
^b¿ B≥Uv sdkvIyq k¿hokkv
185. ^b¿ B≥Uv sdkvIyq tÃj\pIfpsS B[p\nI
hXvIcWØn\pth≠n 10 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.
sImbnem≠n, ssh°w, H‰∏mew, hfmt©cn, ]m\q¿
F∂nhnSßfn¬ ]pXnb ^b¿ tÃj\pIƒ Bcw`n°p∂XmWv.
Bkq{XWw
186. Bkq{XWt_m¿Uns‚bpw kwhn[m\ßfpsSbpw
Bhiyßƒ°mbn 5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. k¿shIƒ°pw
an
]T\ßƒ°pw th≠n 3 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p.

ar
C≥jzd≥kv
ka
ok
187. Nm¿tÚv A°u≠‚pamcpsS AJnte¥ym

lo
ul
C≥Ãn‰yqńs‚ t\XrXzØn¬ C≥jzd≥kv hIp∏v kaqeambn

M
]p\xkwLSn∏n°pIbpw \hoIcn°pIbpw sNbvXpsIm≠ncn°pI

bmWv. Ct∏mƒ kwÿm\ C≥jzd≥kns‚ ^≠v _me≥kmb
2000 tImSn cq] {Sjdnbn¬ D≠v. CXn\v kwÿm\ k¿°m¿
]eni \¬tI≠Xn√. C≥jzd≥kv _nkn\kv KWyambn
Db¿Øn ^≠v _me≥kv h¿≤n∏n°pIbmWv e£yw.
BtcmKy C≥jzd≥kv Gs‰Sp°p∂ ]›mØeØn¬
156 XkvXnIIƒ ]pXpXmbn krjvSn°p∂p.
188. tZiob kºmZy ]≤Xn GP‚pam¿°mbn
\S∏m°nbncp∂ s]≥j≥ ]≤Xnbn¬ \n∂pw F¬sFkn
]n∑mdnb kmlNcyØn¬ {]kvXpX ]≤Xn hIp∏v
Gs‰Sp°pIbmWv. 2011 s^{_phcn 1 apX¬ {]Xnamkw 600 cq]
76
an\naw s]≥j≥ \¬I p∂Xn\p \S]Sn kzoIcn°pw.
GP‚pam¿°pff {]Xnh¿j saUn°¬ do Cwt_gvks
v a‚v 10,000
cq]bn¬ \n∂v 25,000 cq]bmbn Db¿Øp∂p. CXn\p ]pdsa
‘Nnkv ’ BtcmKy C≥jzd≥kv ]≤Xnbn¬ tNcp∂Xn\pff
sNehns‚ 50 iXam\w t£a\n[nbn¬ \n∂p \¬Ipw. _m°n
XpI k¿°mcpw KpWt`m‡mhpw Xpeyambn \¬IWw.
189. sIFkvF^vCbpsS tStWmh¿ 2005˛06˛¬ 3937 tImSn

cq]bmbncp∂Xv 2010˛11˛¬ 12,500 tImSn cq]bmbn Dbcpsa∂mWv
IcpXp∂Xv. ASpØ h¿jw Xmsg ]dbp∂ 43 {_m©pIƒ
]pXpXmbn Bcw`n°pw. amd\√q¿, Xpfnt°mSv, Aºqcn, ]\mhq¿,
IcIpfw, \neta¬, ]´mgn, Ip≠d 2, `cWn°mhv, hSticn°c,
an
Ie™q¿, Cchnt]cq¿, D√e, Xpdhq¿, ]me, ss]I, s]cph,

ar
taepImhpa‰w, CS∏ffn, a™{], hS°≥ ]dhq¿ Cuh\nwKv,

ka
ok
tNm‰m\n°c, Ipdpaticn, IdpIp‰n, Bcy¶mhv , ap\ºw,

lo
cmah¿Ω]pcw, sh≈mß√q¿, Bfq¿, ]g™n, apXphd,

ul
M
sImSphmbq¿, ]c∏\ßmSn, sNdqń tdmUv, CShÆ∏md, Agnbq¿,

sImbnem≠n Cuh\nwKv , Iffn®\mSpIw, aøn¬, Ccn°q¿,
aßm´p]dºv, cmP]pcw, _ZnbSp°. CXn\p ]pdsa C¥ybnse
{][m\ sat{Sm \Kcßfnse√mw sIFkvF^vCbpsS imJ
Bcw`n°p∂XmWv.
Pbn¬
190. tIcfØnse PbnepIfpsS ùXnI kuIcyßƒ

hn]pes∏SpØp∂Xn\pw \hoIcn°p∂Xn\pw th≠n 39.5 tImSn
cq] hIbncpØp∂p. ae∏pdw, sXmSp]pg F∂nhnSßfn¬ ]pXnb
Pn√m PbnepIƒ ÿm]n°p∂XmWv.
77
]ªnIv dntej≥kv
191. ]ªnIv dntej≥kv Un∏m¿´psa‚n\v 20 tImSn cq]
hIbncpØp∂p. CXn¬ 2.6 tImSn cq] knUn‰n\mWv.
]{Xßƒ°pw sSenhnj\pIƒ°pw \¬Im\pff ]ckys®ehns‚
Hcp `mKw Nph∏p\mSaqew IpSninIbnembncp∂p. am¿®n\Iw
AXv sImSpØpXo¿°p∂XmWv.
Poh\°m¿
192. Ign™ GXm\pw ZiIßsfSpØm¬ s]mXptaJebn¬
G‰hpw IqSpX¬ sXmgnehkcßƒ krjvSn°s∏´
Imeambncp∂p 2006˛2011. Ign™ A©ph¿j°meØn\nSbn¬
CXphsc hnZym`ymkhIp∏n¬ 12505 XkvXnIIfpw
BtcmKyhIp∏n¬ 2431, t]meokv hIp∏v 7153, Xt±ikzbw`cWw
an
4800, s]mXptaJe 3125, a‰pffh 3851 F∂nßs\ 33865

ar
ka
Xkv X nIIfmWv k¿°m¿ taJebn¬ krjv S n°s∏´Xv .

ok
AtXkabw 2001˛05 ImeØv 17,195 XkvXnIIƒ \n¿Øem°n.

lo
ul
C°mebfhn¬ s]mXptaJem ÿm]\ßfn¬ \n∂v hnB¿Fkv

M
FSpØv BfpIƒ°v ]ncn™pt]mtI≠n h∂p. F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ

3125 XkvXnIIƒ s]mXptaJebn¬ krjvSn®n´p≠v. Sqdnkw,
sFSn, hmWnPyw XpSßnb taJeIfnepw sXmgnehkcßfpsS
FÆØn¬ {it≤bamb h¿≤\bp≠mbn. ]nFkvkn
\nba\ßfpsS FÆsaSpØmepw CtX {]hWX ImWm≥
Ignbpw.
193. k¿°mcnse ZnhkthX\°mcpsS Iqen
\nehnepffXns‚ 50 iXam\w Db¿Øn \n›bn°p∂p. 2011
G{]n¬ 1 apX¬ CXn\p {]m_eyap≠mbncn°pw. ]m¿´v ssSw
kzo∏¿amcpsS Hgnhns‚ 20 iXam\w Imjz¬ kzo∏¿am¿°p
\o°nshbv°pw.
78
194. s]≥j≥Im¿°v {]Xnh¿jw 2 e£w cq]bpsS
BtcmKy C≥jzd≥kv ]≤Xn \S∏m°pw. A©c e£wt]¿°v
CXns‚ {]tbmP\w e`n°pw. Ct∏mƒ \¬Inhcp∂ saUn°¬
Aeh≥kv XpI D]tbmKs∏SpØnbmhpw CXp \S∏m°pI.
iºf˛s]≥j≥ ]cnjvIcWw
195. Poh\°m¿°v Ign™ k¿°m¿ \ntj[n®
`h\hmbv]bS°w F√m B\pIqeyßfpw ]p\xÿm]n®p.
94 iXam\w UnF IpSninIbn√msX ]q¿Wambpw A\phZn®p.
Poh\°m¿°v A]IS C≥jzd≥kv, tÃ‰v AUvan\nkvt{S‰ohv
{Sn_yqW¬, t_mWkv A¿lXm]cn[n Db¿Ø¬, s^Ãnsh¬
AUzm≥kv, 180 Znhkambn {]khmh[n Db¿ØnbXv, ¢mkv
t^m¿ Poh\°mcpsS {]tamj≥ Izm´ Db¿ØnbXv F∂nßs\
an
F{Xtbm ]pXnb B\pIqeyßƒ k¿°m¿ Poh\°m¿°v

ar
A\phZn®p.
ka
ok
196. iºf ]cnjvIcW IΩnjs‚ 2000˛tØmfw tImSn cq]

lo
ul
hm¿jnI A[nIs®ehp hcp∂ \n¿t±ißƒ k¿°m¿

M
AwKoIcn°pIbmWv . Nne hn`mKßfn¬ a‰pffhsc°mƒ

IqSpX¬ iºfw Db¿Øn \n›bn®Xns‚ êambn a‰p ]e
hn`mKßfpw apºv Xßƒ°p≠mbncp∂ ]mcn‰n \jvSs∏´psh∂v
]cmXn D∂bn®n´p≠v. Chsb√mw kabsaSpØp ]cntim[n®v
A]mIXIƒ ]cnlcn°p∂XmWv. A\nhmcyamb Nne
XncpØepIƒ Dƒs°m≈n®pw UnF ebn∏n®Xpaqew Ct∏mƒ
Xs∂ skv I bnen¬ Ãmt·j≥ FØnbh¿°v A[nI
C≥{Insa‚ v A\phZn®pw iºf ]cnjvIcW DØchv F{Xbpw
s]s´∂p ]pds∏Sphn°p∂XmWv . CXn\v 1˛7˛2009 apX¬
{]m_eyap≠mIpw. s]≥j≥ ]cnjv I cWhpw CtXmsSm∏w
\S∏m°p∂XmWv.
79
XVI
hn`h kamlcWw
197. k¿, _P‰v AhXcWØns‚ BapJØn¬ Xs∂
X\Xp hn`hkamlcWØn¬ t\Snb A`nam\Icamb hnPbw
FSpØp ]dbpIbp≠mbn. \nIpXn\nc°pIƒ Db¿ØnbXp
sIm≠√, Cu h¿≤\ t\SnbXv. aZyØns‚ hn¬]\ \nIpXn
h¿≤\bpw kmaqlykpc£m sk pw am‰n \n¿Ønbm¬
bmsXmcp \nIpXn h¿≤\bpw Ign™ A©ph¿jØn\nsS
D≠mbnń√. hm‰v Hcp iXam\w Db¿ØWsa∂pw XpWnbpsS
ta¬ \mep iXam\w \nIpXn G¿s∏SpØmsa∂pw tI{µk¿°m¿
\n¿t±in®ncp∂p. ]e kwÿm\ßfpw \nIpXn\nc°v 1 apX¬ 2.5
an
iXam\whsc h¿≤n∏n°pIbpw sNbv X p. F∂m¬ Hcp

ar
ka
A[nI`mchpw Cu k¿°m¿ P\ßfn¬ ASnt®¬∏n®nń√.

ok
CØhWbpw Cu \bØn¬ am‰an√.

lo
ul
M
198. C˛^benwKv, C˛t]sa‚ v XpSßnbh G¿s∏SpØn

\nIpXn ]ncnhv k{ºZmbw Ign™ A©ph¿jØn\nsS ASnapSn
]cnjvIcn®p. c≠p tZiob Ahm¿UpIƒ t\Snb tIcfØns‚
Iºyq´¿hXvIrX \nIpXn k{ºZmbw cmPyØn\p amXrIbmWv.
CXns‚ êambn F√m hym]mcnIfpsSbpw hym]mc
kw_‘amb hnhcßƒ ka{Kambn Ct∏mƒ k¿°mcns‚
]°ep≠v . aq∂mwapdIƒ°p ]Icw Cu hnhcmSnØdsb
imkv{Xobambn D]tbmKs∏SpØn \nIpXnt®m¿®
I≠p]nSn°m\pff tijn DtZymKÿ¿ B¿Pn®phcnIbmWv. Cu
]cnjvImcØns‚ ]q¿Wt\´w hcpw h¿jßfn¬
tIcfØn\p≠mIpw.
80
\S]SnIfpsS eLqIcWw
199. k¿°mcn\p kmºØnI_m[yX krjv S n°msX
\S]Sn{Iaßƒ eLqIcn°m≥ F√m _P‰nepw {ian®n´p≠v.
ChtbmSp tIcfØnse hym]mcnIƒ {InbmflIambn
{]XnIcn°pIbpw sNbvXn´p≠v. apºn√mXncp∂ Hcp hym]mcn
kulrZ A¥co£w tIcfØn¬ kwPmXambn. kXyw
]d™m¬ CØhWsØ _P‰p N¿®Ifn¬ hfsc Npcp°w
Bhiyßtf hym]mcn kwLS\Iƒ°v apt∂m´p shbv°m≥
_m°nbp≠mbncp∂pffq. Ahbn¬ Nne A`y¿∞\Iƒ
AwKoIcn°pIbmWv.
200. ]Øpe£Øn¬ A[nIcn°mØ hn‰phchpff
hym]mcnIƒ \nIpXn \¬tI≠Xn√. AXn\m¬ Ah¿°v \nIpXn
an
]ncns®Sp°m≥ A[nImchpan√. t^mdw 1 F^ v ^b¬ sNbvXv

ar
AskknwKv AtXmdn‰nbn¬ \n∂p AwKoImcw hmßnbmte

ka
ok
\nIpXn ]ncn°m\mhq. F∂m¬ Cu \n_‘\ a\knem°msX

lo
\nIpXn ]ncn® sNdpInS hym]mcnIƒ t\cnSp∂ _p≤nap´pIƒ

ul
M
Hgnhm°m≥ Dt±in°p∂p. ]ncn® \nIpXn ]q¿Wambn

k¿°mcn¬ HSp°nbn´ps≠¶n¬ Ah¿s°Xnsc a‰p \nba
\S]SnIƒ kzoIcn°p∂X√. Cu \n¿t±iØn\v 1˛4˛2005 apX¬
ap≥Ime {]m_eyw \¬Ip∂XmWv.
201. \nIpXn Ahm¿U¿amcn¬ ]ecpw tIm¨{SmIvSdn¬
\n∂p ]ncn°p∂ \nIpXn AhcpsS AskknwKv HmôkdpsS
ap≥]msIb√ HSp°n hcp∂Xv. AXn\m¬ HSp°nb \nIpXnbpsS
s{IUn‰p In´m≥ tIm¨{SmIv S ¿°v _p≤nap´p≠v . CXp
]cnlcn°p∂Xn\mbn Ahm¿U¿am¿ ]ncns®SpØ \nIpXn
(SnUnFkv ) C˛t]sa‚p hgn k¿°mcn¬ HSp°Wsa∂p
\n_‘\ G¿s∏SpØpw.
81
202. hm‰p \nbaa\p kcn®pff ¢mcn^nt°j≥
]pds∏Sphn°p∂Xn¬ ImeXmakap≠mIp∂p F∂p
hym]mckwLS\Iƒ ]cmXns∏ń´p≠v. DtZymKÿcpsS IΩn‰n
D≠m°nbn´pw ImeXmakw ]cnlcn°m≥ Ignbp∂n√.
¢mcn^nt°j≥ kab_‘nXambn ]pds∏Sphn°m\pff
\n_‘\ hm‰p \nbaØn¬ sIm≠phcp∂XmWv.
aq∂pamkØn\Iw ¢mcn^nt°j≥ ]pds∏Sphn°Ww.
\nb{¥WmXoXamb ImcWßfm¬ ta¬kabØn\pffn¬
¢mcn^nt°j≥ ]pds∏Sphn°m≥ Ignbp∂ns√¶n¬ kabw \oń
\¬Im≥ IΩnjW¿°v A[nImcap≠mbncn°pw.
203. do^≠v At]£tbmsSm∏w _‘s∏´ AskknwKv
Hmôk¿ \¬Inb t^mdw 21 sP \¬tI≠Xp≠v.
an
C˛^benwKpw C˛t]sa‚pw \S∏nembXns\ XpS¿∂v

ar
t^mdw 21 sP Hgnhm°p∂XmWv.
ka
ok
204. Iºyq´ssdtkjs\ XpS¿∂v \nIpXnhIp∏nse

lo
\S]Sn{Iaßfpw efnXam°mw. cPnkvt{Sj≥, cPnkvt{Sj≥

ul
M
]pXp°¬, skbn¬kvam≥ s]¿an‰v, tImºu≠nwKv F∂nhbv°v

\nehnepff 26 At]£mt^mdßƒ kwtbmPn∏n®v efnXamb
5 t^mdßfm°n am‰p∂XmWv. CXv 1- ˛ 4˛2011 apX¬
{]m_eyØn¬ hcpw.
205. hm‰p \nIpXn \nbaØnse 40 F hIp∏v A\pkcn®v
Nc°pIƒ hmßp∂ hym]mcnIfpsS ]q¿W ta¬hnemkhpw
cPnkvt{Sj≥ \ºcpw skbn¬ _n√n¬ tcJs∏SptØ≠Xp≠v.
C{]Imcw tcJs∏SpØnb hnhcßfn¬ A]mIw Is≠Ønbm¬
FwB¿]n \nc°n¬ \nIpXn HSpt°≠ _m[yXbp≠mIpw.
hmßp∂ hym]mcn \¬Ip∂ hnhcßfpsS kXyk‘X
Dd∏phcpØm≥ Hcp t]mwhgnbpw Cs√∂pw AXn\m¬ ta¬
82
hIp∏p ]n≥hen°Wsa∂pw hym]mcn kwLS\Iƒ
Bhiys∏ń´p≠v. CXv AwKoIcn®psIm≠v 40 F hIp∏ns‚
aq∂mw D]hIp∏v ap≥Ime {]m_eytØmsS ]n≥hen°p∂XmWv.
206. C˛^benwKv k{ºZmbw ÿmboIcn®p Ign™m¬
dnt´WpIfpsS t]∏¿ tIm∏n ^b¬ sNøp∂Xv Hgnhm°psa∂v
Rm≥ {]Jym]n®ncp∂p. Bdp amkØn\Iw t]∏¿ dnt´¨
Hgnhm°pw.
207. 50 e£w hsc hn‰phchpff hym]mcnIƒ 0.5 iXam\w
\nc°n¬ A\pam\ \nIpXn \¬Im≥ A¿lcmWv. hn‰phchv 50
e£w h¿≤n°p∂]£w Ah¿ hm‰p \nIpXn
k{ºZmbØntebv°p amtd≠Xp≠v. AXn\v At]£ \¬IWw.
C°mcyØn¬ th≠{X [mcWbn√mØXn\m¬ ]e
an
I®hS°mcpw {]bmka\p`hn°p∂p. CXp ]cnlcn°m≥

ar
hn‰phchv 50 e£w h¿≤n°p∂]£w AtX h¿jØn¬ Xs∂

ka
ok
A[nIcn® hn‰phchnt∑¬ C≥]p´v SmIvkv s{IUn‰v

lo
A\phZn°p∂XmWv.
ul
M
208. \nehnse \nba{]Imcw km[\ßƒ

D]tbmKmhiyØn\v Dff AhImiw ssIam‰w sNøptºmƒ
(Transfer of Right to Use) e`n°p∂ XpIbv ° v 4% \nc°n¬
\nIpXn_m[yXbp≠v. Icm¿ ]Wnbnse∂Xp t]mse
t{kmXkn¬ \n∂p Xs∂ Cu \nIpXn ]ncns®Sp°m\mhiyamb
\nbat`ZKXn sIm≠phcp∂XmWv.
209. hn¬]\ \nIpXn A∏oepIƒ ssIImcyw sNøp∂
A∏te‰v {Sn_yqWen\p \nehn¬ Hcp {]n≥kn∏¬ s_©pw
A©v AUojW¬ s_©pIfpap≠v. AUojW¬
s_©pIƒ°v \nehn¬ aqeyh¿≤nX \nIpXn tIkpIƒ
ssIImcyw sNøm≥ A[nImcan√. hn¬]\ \nIpXn A∏oepIƒ
83
GXm≠v Xo¿∏mbXn\m¬ aqeyh¿≤nX \nIpXn\nba{]Imcapff
A∏oepIƒ ssIImcyw sNøm≥ AUojW¬ s_©pIsf
A[nImcs∏SpØp∂XmWv . CXn\mbn A∏te‰v hn`mKsØ
A\ptbmPyamb hn[Øn¬ ]p\xkwLSn∏n°pIbpw
CXn\mhiyamb \nbat`ZKXn sIm≠phcnIbpw sNøpw.
210. ]m¿k¬ GP≥knIƒ ss{Xamk dnt´WpIƒ
ka¿∏nt°≠Xp≠v. ]cºcmKXambn ]m¿k¬ GP≥knIƒ
sNøp∂ {]hrØn Xs∂bmWv sdbn¬th hmKWpIƒ
hmSIbvs°Sp°p∂ GP≥knIfpw sNbvXphcp∂Xv. ]mgvk¬
GP≥knIƒ sNøp∂Xpt]mse Cu hn`mKhpw
kwÿm\Øn\ItØ°v Cd°paXnsNøp∂ Nc°pIfpsS
hnhcßƒ hmWnPy\nIpXn hIp∏n\v \¬tI≠Xp≠v.
211. skbn¬kv dnt´WpIƒ {IaoIcn°m≥ \n›bn°s∏´
an
kab]cn[n \nehn¬ 90 ZnhkamWv. \nch[n

ar
ka
hym]mckwLS\Iƒ D∂bn® Bhiyw ]cnKWn®v Cu

ok
kab]cn[n 180 Znhkambn h¿≤n∏n°m≥ Rm≥ Dt±in°p∂p.

lo
ul
212. Im‚o≥ tÃmgvkv hIp∏v A[nImc]{Xw \¬ImØ

M
Xn\m¬ tamt´m¿ hml\ßƒ hmßptºmƒ A\phZn°s∏´

50 iXam\w \nIpXn Cfhv e`n°p∂n√ F∂ ]cmXn {]Xntcm[
tk\mwKßƒ°p≠v. Cu _p≤nap´p ]cnlcn°m\mbn {]Xntcm[
tk\mwKßƒ/hnap‡ `S∑m¿°v A[nImc]{Xw \¬Im\pff
A[nImcw t\h¬ Im‚o≥ tÃmgvkn\pw Fb¿t^mgvkv Im‚o\pw
IqSn \¬Im≥ Dt±in°p∂p.
\nIpXn eLqIcWw
213. B‰paWenepff B{inXXzw Ipdbv°p∂Xn\p _Z¬
am¿§ßƒ t{]m’mln∏n°Ww. am\p^mIvtN¿Uv km≥Uns‚
\nIpXn \nc°v 4 iXam\ambn Ipd®v B‰paWens‚ \nIpXn
\nc°pambn GIoIcn°p∂p.
84
214. AkwLSnXcpw \nIpXnhnt [b hn‰phchn\p
XmsgbpffXpamb sNdpInS hn`mKamWv {][m\ambpw sN¶¬
hym]mcw \SØp∂Xv. sN¶√pIƒ hml\Øn¬
sIm≠pt]mIptºmƒ skIyqcn‰n sUt∏mkn‰v ]ncn°p∂Xmbn
]cmXnIfp≠v . CXp ]cnlcn°p∂Xn\pw Xt±i \n¿ΩmW
kma{KnIfpsS hym]mcsØ t{]m’mln∏n°p∂Xn\pambn
F√mØcØnepapff sN¶√pIsfbpw \nIpXnbn¬ \n∂pw
Hgnhm°p∂XmWv . F√mXcw aWen\pw \nIpXn \nc°v
4 iXam\amWv. F∂m¬ a‰p ]ńIIfnsem∂pw Dƒs∏SmØ
Xn\m¬ aÆn\v 12.5 iXam\w \nc°mWv CuSm°p∂Xv .
aWen\pff 4 iXam\w \nc°v aÆn\pw _m[Iam°p∂XmWv.
215. 2008˛09- ˛ se _P‰v {]kwKØn¬ 1˛4˛2005 apX¬
an
ap≥Ime {]m_eytØmsS kn\nam hyhkmbsØ \nIpXn

ar
_m[yXbn¬ \n∂v Hgnhm°psa∂p {]Jym]n®ncp∂p. F¶nepw

ka
ok
2008˛se ^n\m≥kv BIv S n¬ CXn\p ap≥Ime {]m_eyw

lo
\¬Im≥ Ign™n√. tIcf ^nenw s{]mUyqtkgvkv

ul
M
Atkmkntbjs‚ A`y¿∞\ am\n®v 1˛4˛2008 apX¬ \¬In

hcp∂ B\pIqeyØn\v 1˛4˛2005 apX¬ ap≥Ime {]m_eyw
\¬In \nba t`ZKXn sIm≠phcp∂XmWv.
216. I¿jIcpsS Xm¬]cyw IW°nseSpØpw ]cnÿnXn
kulrZ Im¿jnIhrØn Dd∏m°p∂Xn\pambn t_m¨ ao¬,
Hm¿Km\nIv ao¬, seX¬ ao¬ F∂o ssPhhfßsf
\nIpXnbn¬ \n∂pw Hgnhm°p∂p.
217. ss\tem¨ πmÃnIv tdm∏pIfpsS \nIpXn
kw_‘n®p X¿°ßƒ \nehnep≠v . a’y_‘\Øn\v
D]tbmKn°p∂hbv°p \nIpX nbn√. A√mØhbv°v
\nIpXnbps≠∂mWv hymJym\w. Cu X¿°w ]cnlcn°m\mbn
85
F√mhn[ ss\tem¨˛πmÃnIv tdm∏pIsfbpw \nIpXnbn¬
\n∂v Hgnhm°p∂XmWv.
218. Huj[ßƒ°v FwB¿]n ta¬ \nIpXn NpaØp∂
hyhÿbmWp \nehnepffXv. acp∂p Iº\nIƒ k¿°mcn\p
acp∂p hn¬°p∂p≠v. Cu hn¬]\ta¬ hn¬]\ hnebpsS
ASnÿm\ØnemWv \nIpXn ]ncn°p∂Xpw k¿°mcn¬
HSp°p∂Xpw. k¿°mcn\p hn¬°p∂ acp∂pIƒ°v FwB¿]n
_m[Ia√ F∂¿∞w. \nIpXn Askkvsa‚pIƒ
]q¿Ønbm°p∂Xv FwB¿]n hnebpsS ASnÿm\Ønemb
Xn\m¬ Askkvsa‚pIƒ ]q¿Ønbm°p∂Xn\p Nne
{]bmkßfp≠v. Ch ]cnlcn°p∂Xn\p k¿°mcn\p hn¬°p∂
acp∂pIfpsS ImcyØn¬ hn¬]\ hne FwB¿]n hnebmbn
IW°m°n Askkv s a‚pIƒ ]q¿Ønbm°p∂XmWv . Cu
an
ar
hyhÿbv°v 1˛4˛2005 apX¬ ap≥Ime {]m_eyw \¬Ip∂XmWv.

ka
ok
219. Bcm[\mebßfpsS tImºu≠n\IØp \n∂pw

lo
(aXn¬s°ń\IØp\n∂pw) `‡P\ßƒ°v Bcm[\mhiy

ul
M
Øn\mbn hn¬°p∂ ]qPm{Zhyßsf \nIpXnbn¬ \n∂pw

Hgnhm°p∂XmWv . Cu Cfhn\v 1˛4˛2005 apX¬ ap≥Ime
{]m_eyw \¬Ip∂XmWv.
220. 7500˛Hm AXn¬°qSpXtem IW£\pIƒ Dff tI_nƒ
Sn.hn. Hm∏td‰¿am¿ Hmtcm IW£\pw {]Xnamkw
5 cq] \nc°n¬ BUw_c\nIpXn ASbvt°≠Xp≠v. tI_nƒ
Sn.hn. Hm∏td‰¿am¿°p NpaØnb Cu BUw_c\nIpXn
]n≥hen°m≥ Rm≥ Dt±in°p∂p.
221. F√mØcw {]j¿ Ip°dpIfpsSbpw \nIpXn\nc°v
4 iXam\amWv. NqSmdms∏ńbpsS \nIpXn 1˛4˛2007
apX¬ 4 iXam\ambn Ipdhp sNbv X n´p≠v . F√mØcw
86
NqSmdms∏ńIfpsSbpw \nIpXn\nc°v 1˛4˛2007 apX¬ 4
iXam\ambncn°psa∂v kv]jvSoIcn°p∂p.
tImºu≠nwKv
222. BUw_c \nIpXnbvs°m∏w lukv t_mń¬ hnXcWw
sNøp∂ ]mIw sNbvX `£WØn\pw ]m\obßƒ°pw hm‰p
\nIpXn _m[yXbpap≠v. `£WØns‚ IW°pIƒ
kq£n°p∂Xv _p≤nap´mbXn\m¬ Ahbv°p taepff hm‰v
Hgnhm°Wsa∂ lukv t_m´p kwLS\IfpsS Bhiyw
AwKoIcn°p∂p. tImºu≠Uv \nIpXn \nc°n¬ BUw_c
\nIpXn HSp°p∂ lukv t _m´pIƒ°v lukv t_mń¬
hnXcWw sNøp∂ ]mIw sNbvX `£WØn\pw
]m\obßƒ°pw hm‰v \nIpXn Hgnhm°p∂p.
an
223. lukv t_m´pIfpsS tImºu≠Uvv \nIpXn \nc°pIƒ

ar
ka
bp‡nklam°pIbmWv . Ct∏mƒ c≠n¬ IqSpX¬ F{X

ok
apdnIfps≠¶nepw Htc \nc°mWv. CXp Xmsg ]dbpw{]Imcw

lo
ul
t`ZKXn sNøp∂p. CXpaqew k¿°m¿ A[nIhcpam\sam∂pw

M
{]Xo£n°p∂n√.
apdnIƒ hm¿jnI tImºu≠Uv \nIpXn
t\m¨ Fkn Fkn lukv
lukv t_m´v t_m´v
1 apdn am{XapffXv 8000 cq] 15,000 cq]
2 apdnbpffXv 12,000 cq] 22,000 cq]
2˛¬ IqSpX¬ apdnbpffh˛Hmtcm
A[nI apdn°pw 4000 cq] 7,000 cq]
apJyambpw tIm¨^d≥kpIƒ°p
D]tbmKn°p∂h 30,000 cq] 50,000 cq]
87
224. c≠p\£{X ]Zhn hscbpff _m¿ tlmépIƒ
hnXcWw sNøp∂ aZyØns‚ hn¬]\bv°v hn‰phchv \nIpXn
\nehnep≠v. _nhtdPkv tIm¿]tdj\n¬ \n∂p hmßp∂
aZyØns‚ hnebpsS \n›nX iXam\w hn¬]\hne
Xn´s∏SpØn AXnt∑¬ 10 iXam\w \nc°nemWv hn‰phchv
\nIpXn \¬tI≠Xv. tImºu≠Uv \nIpXn Xn´s∏SpØptºmƒ
ap≥h¿jsØ \nIpXnbpsS 115 iXam\Øn¬ Ipdhp hccpsX∂v
\n_‘\bpap≠v. Cu \n_‘\ Zo¿LImeambn tImºu≠nwKv
coXn ]n¥pScp∂ hym]mcnIƒ°v A\mI¿jIamWv F∂p
hy‡ambn´p≠v. BbXn\m¬ Ign™ A©ph¿jw XpS¿®bmbn
tImºu≠Uv \nc°n¬ \nIpXn HSp°p∂ _m¿ tlmépIƒ
Ign™ h¿jw HSp°nb \nIpXnbpsS 110 iXam\hpw Ign™
3 h¿jßfn¬ XpS¿®bmbn tImºu≠Uv \nc°n¬ \nIpXn
an
HSp°p∂ _m¿ tlmépIƒ°v Ign™ h¿jw HSp°nb

ar
ka
\nIpXnbpsS 112 iXam\hpw AS®m¬ aXnbmIpw F∂p

ok
hyhÿ sNøm≥ Rm\pt±in°p∂p.

lo
ul
225. kz¿Æhym]mcw GXm\pw h≥InS hym]mcnIfnte°v

M
tI{µoIcn°p∂Xv Cu taJebnse sNdpInShym]mcnIsf

{]XnIqeambn _m[n°p∂p. AXn\m¬ Ah¿°v {]tXyI
kwc£Ww \¬IWw. 10 e£w cq]hsc hn‰phchpff
tImºu≠Uv hym]mcn ap≥h¿jaS® AtX \nIpXnXs∂
AS®m¬ aXnbmIpw. 10 e£Øn¬ IqSpXepw 40 e£Øn¬
Xmsg hn‰phchpffXpamb kz¿W hym]mcnIƒ Ign™ h¿jw
\¬Inb \nIpXnbpsS 105 iXam\w tImºu≠Uv \nIpXn
\¬IWw. Hcp h¿jsa¶nepw hym]mcw \SØnbh¿°p am{Xta
tImºu≠Uv \nIpXn \nc°n\v A¿lXbpffq F∂p
hy‡am°p∂p. hIp∏v 8 (F^v)-˛s‚ D]hmIyw (vi) [\Imcy
_n√n¬ C√mbncps∂¶nepw 28-˛7˛2010˛\v ]pds∏Sphn® tIcf
88
[\Imcy \nbaØn¬ Dƒs∏SpØnbncp∂p. 2010˛11 h¿jØn¬
tImºu≠Uv \nIpXn k{ºZmbw Xncs™SpØ Nne kz¿W
hym]mcnIƒ°v Cu \n_‘\ _p≤nap´pIƒ krjvSn®Xmbn
{i≤bn¬s∏ń´p≠v. tImºu≠Uv hyhÿ Xncs™Sp°ptºmƒ
\nehnep≠mbncp∂ \nba hyhÿbpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬
tImºu≠Uv \nIpXn \nc°n¬ XpScm≥ Ahsc
A\phZn°p∂XmWv . AXn\pth≠n hIp∏v 8 (F^v ) ˛s‚
D]hmIyw (vi) ap≥Ime {]m_eytØmsS ]n≥hen°p∂p.
s]mXpam∏v
226. hm‰v \nehn¬ hcp∂Xn\p apºpff GXm≠v apgph≥
sIPnFkv S n Askkv s a‚pIfpw CXn\Iw ]q¿ØoIcn®p
Ign™p. tImSXn tÃ sNbvX GXm\pw tIkpIƒ am{Xta
an
_m°nbpffq. CubnsSbmbn Xo¿∏m°nb Askkv s a‚p

ar
tIkpIfnepw Bws\ÃnbpsS B\pIqeyw e`n°p∂Xn\p th≠n

ka
ok
Bws\Ãn kv I ow 31˛3˛2011 hsc Zo¿Ln∏n°p∂XmWv .

lo
CXn\mhiyamb \nbat`ZKXn sIm≠phcp∂XmWv.

ul
M
227. \nIpXn ]ncnhp Imcy£aam°p∂Xns‚ `mKambn Hmtcm

hym]mctaJebpw {]tXyIamsbSpØv hniZamb ]T\Øn\pw
\nco£WØn\pw hnt[bam°pIbp≠mbn. tcJIfn¬ Ir{Xnaw
ImWn°pIbpw \nIpXn shń°pIbpw sNøp∂Xv Nne
taJeIfn¬ Zo¿LImeambn XpScp∂ ]Xnhmbn amdnbXmbn
Is≠Ønbn´p≠v. ChnsSsb√mw Ct∏mƒ Cu ]gpXpIƒ AS®v
\nIpXn ]ncnhv Du¿PnXs∏SpØnbn´p≠v . ap≥Imeßfn¬
\SØnb \nIpXnshń∏ns‚ Ccńhsc XpI ]ngbmbn
NpatØ≠Xp≠v. ]t£, CXv B hyhkmbtaJebpsS Xs∂
XI¿®bntebv ° p \bnt®°mw. Cu taJeIfn¬ sXmgn¬
sNøp∂ At\Iw sXmgne mfnIfpsS Xm¬]cyßfpw
89
]cnKWnt°≠Xp≠v. 2007˛08˛se _P‰n¬ Iiph≠n
hyhkmbØn\v Hcp Bws\Ãn ]mt°Pv {]Jym]n°pIbp≠mbn.
k¿, Ct∏mƒ kam\amb ÿnXnhntijw ssπhpUv, Gew
taJeIfn¬ kwPmXambn´p≠v. Bbp¿thZ acp∂p
hyhkmbØnepw Nne Kuchamb {]iv\ßƒ Db¿∂p
h∂n´p≠v. DZmcamsbmcp kao]\w kzoIcn°Wsa∂v F√m
]m¿ńIfnepw s]´h¿ A`y¿∞n®n´p≠v. CXp am\n®p sIm≠v
Cu taJeIƒ°pth≠n Hcp Bws\Ãn ]mt°Pv
{]Jym]n°p∂p.
(i) ssπhpUv taJebn¬ \n∂pff \nIpXn hcpam\w
2005˛06˛¬ 5.4 tImSn cq]bmbncp∂Xv 2009˛10˛¬ 28.06 tImSn
cq]bmbn h¿≤n®n´p≠v. 2010 Unkw_¿ hscbpff \nIpXn
hcpam\w 31.76 tImSn cq]bmWv . \nIpXn\nba]me\w
an
ar
IWniam°nbXpsIm≠mWv Cu t\´w ssIhcn°m≥ Ign™Xv.

ka
`qXImesØ ]nghn\v Cu hyhkmbtaJebv°v ]ng

ok
lo
NpaØp∂Xn\v ]Icw, hymP kn, F^v t^mdw Un¢tdj\pIƒ

ul
^b¬ sNbvXv \nIpXnshń∏p \SØnb ssπhpUv taJebnse

M
ÿm]\ßƒ, apgph≥ \nIpXnbpw ]enibpw Bdv

amkØn\pffn¬ HSp°pIbmsW¶n¬ F√mØcØnepapff ]ng
t{]mknIyqj≥ \S]SnIƒ F∂nh Hgnhm°m≥ Rm≥
Dt±in°p∂p.
(ii) GeØn¬ \n∂pff \nIpXn hcpam\w 2005˛06˛¬
7.6 tImSn cq]bmbncp∂Xv 2009˛10˛¬ 17.02 tImSn cq]bmbn
Db¿∂n´p≠v. 2010 Unkw_¿ hsc Cu taJebn¬ \n∂papff
\nIpXnhcpam\w 17.44 tImSn cq]bmWv . Gehym]mcsØ
teetI{µßfnte°v hgn Xncn®phnSm\mbn hIp∏v \SØnb
Du¿÷nX {iaßfpsS êambmWv Cu t\´w ssIhcn°m≥
Ign™Xv. teetI{µßfn¬ \n∂pw Xncns®SpØp
90
sIm≠pt]mIp∂ GeØns‚ ‘hm]kv’ IW°n\p IrXyamb
tcJIƒ teetI{µw \SØp∂bmƒ kq£nt°≠Xp≠v. hm]kv
tcJIƒ kq£n°m≥ 2009 ¬ am{XamWv \nbaØn¬
\njv I ¿jn®Xv . A∂papX¬ IrXyamb tcJIƒ kq£n®p
hcp∂p≠v. AXn\p apºpff Imebfhnte°v Cu \n_‘\
Hu]NmcnIambn \n¿_‘nXam°nbncp∂n√. Cu Imebfhnse
hm]kv tcJIfn¬ A]mIw Btcm]n®v \SØnb
\nIpXn\S]Sn{Iaßƒ Ahkm\n∏n°p∂XmWv.
(iii) \ΩpsS X\Xp taJebmb Bbq¿thZw ASpØ
ImeØmbn henb hf¿® t\Snbn´p≠v. SqdnkØns‚
hf¿®bv ° pw Cu taJe henb ]¶phln®n´p≠v . {UKv
ssek≥kns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ Bbq¿thZ taJebn¬
an
D¬]mZn∏n°p∂ kuµcyh¿≤I hkvXp°fpsS \nIpXn \nc°p

ar
ka
kw_‘n®v Nne ]cmXnIƒ \ne\n¬°p∂p. 2009 \hw_¿ 12˛\v

ok
hmWnPy \nIpXn IΩnjW¿ \¬Inb ¢mcn^nt°js‚

lo
ul
êambn Bbq¿thZ kuµcyh¿≤I hkvXp°ƒ°v 1˛4˛2005

M
apX¬ ap≥Ime {]m_eytØmsS 12.5 iXam\w \nIpXn

\¬tI≠ _m[yX D≠mbn´p≠v . ap≥Ime _m[yX Cu
taJebv°v Xmßmhp∂Xne∏pdamWv. AXn\m¬ IΩnjWdpsS
¢mcn^nt°j≥ ]pdØndßp∂Xn\p apºpff ImesØ \nIpXn
h¿≤\ Hgnhm°p∂XmWv. Db¿∂ \nc°n¬ \nIpXn
HSp°nbh¿°v Cu Cfhv _m[Ia√.
228. ssπhpUv taJebnse {]iv\ßƒ ImcWw 2005˛06,
2006˛07˛se Nne hm‰v Askkvsa‚pIƒ Xo¿∏m°m≥
Ign™nń√. AXn\m¬ Cu h¿jßfnse Askkvsa‚pIƒ
Xo¿∏m°m≥ Hcp h¿jw IqSn \o´p∂XmWv.
91
229. sk‚¿ t^m¿ SmIvtkj≥ ÃUokv KpemØn
C≥Ãn‰yq´v Hm^v SmIv t kj≥ F∂ tZiob ÿm]\ambn
Db¿Ønbn´p≠v. hm‰p \nbaØn¬ CXn\mhiyamb t`ZKXn
hcpØp∂XmWv.
ASnÿm\kuIcyßƒ
230. tIcf Znt\iv _oUn h¿t°gv k v tIm˛Hm∏td‰ohv
skmssk‰nbpsS ssIhiapff IÆqcnse 36 sk‚ v ÿeØv
hmWnPy\nIpXn tImwπIvkv \n¿Ωn°m≥ Dt±in°p∂p. dh\yq
hIp∏v \n›bn® 2.43 tImSn cq]bv°v Cu ÿew
Gs‰Sp°p∂XmWv . CXn\p]pdta tIcf Znt\iv _oUn
h¿t°gv k v tIm˛Hm]v . skmssk‰n°v AhcpsS {Km‰phn‰n
_m[yX Xo¿°p∂Xn\mbn Bhiyamb XpI
an
D][\m`y¿∞\Ifn¬ Dƒs∏SpØnbn´p≠v.
ar
ka
231. Im°\mSv knhn¬ tÃj≥ tImºu≠n¬

ok
hmWnPy\nIpXn sU]yqń IΩojW¿ (C‚enP≥kv) Hmôkv

lo
ul
sIńSw \n¿Ωn°pw. IÆq¿, FdWmIpfw F∂nhnSßfnse

M
\nIpXnhIp∏v HmôkpIƒ \n¿Ωn°p∂Xn\v 5 tImSn cq]

hIbncpØp∂p.
232. tIcfØnse hym]mcn kaqlhpambn Dujvafamb
kulrZ _‘w ÿm]n°m≥ Ign™XmWv \nIpXn]ncnhv
sa®s∏´Xns‚ Hcp ImcWw. hmWnPysØ kwÿm\Øns‚
hnIk\Øn\v DtØPIambn I≠pff kao]\amWv k¿°m¿
kzoIcn®Xv . kwÿm\ Ncn{XØn¬ BZyambn hmWnPyw
_P‰n¬ ÿm\w ]nSn®p. {Km≥Uv tIcf tjm∏nwKv
s^Ãnshen\v 20 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. C≥Ãn‰yq´v Hm^v
dos´bn¬ amt\Pvsa‚n\v 5 tImSn cq] hIbncpØp∂p. k¿,
C¥ybn¬ BZyambn tdmUp \hoIcWØns‚ `mKambn
92
hym]mcnIsf ]p\c[nhkn∏n°m≥ th≠n 25 tImSn cq] Cu
_P‰n¬ hIbncpØnbn´p≠v . _P‰n¬ hIbncpØnbn´pff
\nIpXn hcpam\sØ°mƒ IqSpX¬ kamlcn°p∂ \nIpXnbpsS
c≠p iXam\tam 3 tImSn cq]tbm GXmtWm A[nIw AXv
hym]mcn t£a\n[nbntebv°p \¬Ip∂XmWv.
XVII
D]kwlmcw
233. k¿, 2010˛11- ˛ se ]pXp°nb IW°pIƒ Rm≥
AhXcn∏n°p∂p.
an
ar
ka
ok
]pXp°nb FÃnta‰v 2010˛11

lo
cq] tImSnbn¬
ul
M
dh\yq hchv 32127.01
dh\yq sNehv 35863.13
dh\yq IΩn –3736.12

aqe[\ sNehv 3184.19
hmbv]Ifpw ap≥IqdpIfpw (X\n) –739.82

s]mXp°Sw (X\n) 6279.08
s]mXpIW°v (X\n) 1498.43
BsI an®w 117.38
h¿jmcw` scm° _m°n 58.40
h¿jm¥y scm° _m°n 175.78
93
234. 2010˛11˛se _P‰n¬ {]Xo£n®Xns\°mƒ 946.19 tImSn
cq] dh\yq hcpam\w IqSpX¬ e`n°psa∂mWv Ct∏mgsØ
IW°pIq´¬. CXpaqew dh\yq IΩn 1.48 iXam\Øn¬ \n∂v
1.41 iXam\ambn Ipdbpw. ]pXp°nb IW°p {]Imcw
[\°Ωnbpw 3.49 iXam\Øn¬ \n∂v 2.89 iXam\ambn
Ipdbpsa∂v {]Xo£n°p∂p. 2250 tImSn cq] ]≤XntbXc
aqe[\s®ehp {]Xo£n® ÿm\Øv 646.56 tImSn cq]tb
sNehv Ct∏mƒ {]Xo£n°p∂pffq F∂XmWv as‰mcp {][m\
am‰w. \o≠ ag aqew \n¿ΩmW {]hrØnIƒ sshInbXmWv
CXn\p ImcWw. ]t£, samØw sNehn¬ Ipdhp
{]Xo£n°p∂n√. ImcWw D][\m`y¿∞\IfneqsS dh\yq
sNehv KWyambn Db¿∂n´p≠v.
235. k¿, 2011˛12˛se _P‰v aXn∏p IW°pIƒ
an
ar
AhXcn∏n°p∂p.
ka
ok
_P‰v FÃnta‰v 2011˛12

lo
cq] tImSnbn¬
ul
M
dh\yq hchv 38546.89

dh\yq sNehv 44566.33
dh\yq IΩn –6019.44
aqe[\ sNehv 2910.13
hmbv]Ifpw ap≥IqdpIfpw (X\n) –1711.38
s]mXp°Sw (X\n) 7793.76
s]mXpIW°v (X\n) 2694.15
BsI an®w –153.04
h¿jmcw` scm° _m°n 175.78
Ct∏mƒ {]Jym]n® A[nIs®ehv 753.41
h¿jm¥y scm° _m°n –730.67
94
236. 2011˛12˛¬ samØw k¿°m¿ sNehv 23.6 iXam\w
Dbcpsa∂mWv IcpXp∂Xv. iºf ]cnjvIcWaS°apff F√m
sNehpIƒ°pw ]q¿Wambn XpI hIbncpØnbn´p≠v. F∂m¬
\S∏ph¿jsØt∏mse Xs∂ dh\yq h¿≤\ \ne\n¬°pw
F∂Xns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ dh\yq IΩn 1.97 iXam\ambn
\n¿Øm≥ Ign™p. Cu _P‰n¬ ]pXnb hn`h
kamlcWßsfm∂pw \n¿t±in®nń√ F∂Xpw Hm¿t°≠XmWv.
]≤Xnbv°p ]pdsabpw aqe[\s®ehn\p ]Ww
hIbncpØnbn´p≠v. [\°Ωn A\phZ\obamb ]cn[nbv°pffn
emWv. B`y¥c hcpam\Øns‚ 3.48 iXam\w.
237. k¿, k`bnse F√mhcn¬ \n∂pw hna¿i\]chpw
{InbmflIhpamb klIcWw F\n°v e`n®n´p≠v . Fs∂
kw_‘n®StØmfw Ign™ A©ph¿jw hensbmcp
an
ar
A\p`h]mTamWv. `cW˛{]Xn]£ hyXymkan√msX

ka
F√mhtcmSpw, {]tXyIn®v a{¥nk`bnse Fs‚

ok
lo
kl{]h¿ØItcmSpw \µn tcJs∏SpØp∂p. RßfpsS

ul
{]h¿Ø\Øn\v t\XrXzw \¬Inb apJya{¥n

M
hn. Fkv. ANypXm\µs\ Rm≥ A`nhmZyw sNøp∂p.

238. Hcp thZ\ Rm≥ Xpd∂p ]dbs´. tIcf tem´dnsb
kwc£n°m\pw A\ycmPy˛A\y kwÿm\ tem´dn
am^nbbpsS NqjWØn¬ \n∂p P\ßsf c£n°m\pamWv Cu
k¿°m¿ ]q¿W {]Xn_≤XtbmsS {ian®Xv. F∂m¬ tem´dn
am^nbsb \nb{¥n°m≥ ]q¿W A[nImchpw NpaXebpapff
tI{µk¿°m¿ AXn\p Xømdmbn√. tIcf k¿°m¿ 2004 apX¬
dnt∏m¿´pIfpw \nthZ\ßfpw IØpIfpw Ab®n´pw Ct∏mƒ
am{XamWv _‘s∏´ k¿°mcpIsf Ah Adnbn°p∂Xn\p
t]mepw tI{µk¿°m¿ k∂≤ambXv . CXpI≠p Iøpw
sIń t\m°n\n¬°msX tem´dn am^nbsb XSbm≥ hnhn[
95
am¿§ßfneqsS {ian°pIbmbncp∂p Cu k¿°m¿. ]t£
C°mcyØnep≠mb hn]peamb AkXy{]NmcWw P\ßƒ
a\knem°psas∂\n°pd∏p≠v. tem´dn am^nbsb
\nb{¥n°m\pff \ΩpsS ]cn{iaßƒ ê{]m]vXnbn
seØWsa¶n¬ \nbaewL\w \SØp∂h¿s°Xnsc
tI{µk¿°m¿ \S]Sn kzoIcn°pItbm \nehnepff \nbaØn¬
kwÿm\Øn\v A[nImcw \¬In t`ZKXn hcpØpItbm
sNøWw. C°mcyØn¬ tbmPn® \ne]mSp kzoIcn°m≥
F√mh¿°pw Igntb≠Xp≠v.
239. k¿, hchpw sNehpw bm{¥n-I-ambn IW-s°m-∏n®p
t]mIp∂ bmYm-ÿn-XnI [\-\-b-Øn\p ]Icw hnI-k-t\m-∑pJ
[\-\bamWp Rßƒ kzoIcn®Xv. hnI-k\ - s- ®-eh- p-Iƒ Npcp-°m-
\-√, adn®v hcp-am\w h¿≤n-∏n®p IΩn Ipdbv°m\mWv ASn-ÿm-\ -
an
ar
]- c - a mbn hnI- k - t \m- ∑ pJ [\- \ bw {ian- ° pI. kmaq- l y-

ka
t£acwKsØ sNe-hp-Iƒ ]p\-cp¬]m-Z\ - ]

- c- a- √ F∂ ImgvN∏ - mSv
ok
lo
Rßƒ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√. hnZym-`ymkw BtcmKyw XpS-ßnb

ul
kmaqly ]›m-Øe kuI-cy-ßƒ ùXnI ]›m-Øe kuI-cy-

M
ßƒ t]mse hnI-k\ - Ø
- n\v kp{]-[m-\a
- m-Wv. dh\yq IΩn Ipd-®p-
sIm≠phcm≥ {ian-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w ùXnI ]›m-ØekuI-cy-
ßƒ Hcp-°p-∂-Xn\v {]Xy£amtbm ]tcm£amtbm ]c-am-h[n
hmbv] kam-l-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v hnI-k-t\m-∑pJ [\-\bw ]cn-{i-an-
°pw. ta¬]d™Xp t]msemcp hnIkt\m∑pJ [\Imcy\bw
\S∏m°m≥ Ign™Xns‚ êambn´mWv `cWØntedn
A©ph¿jw ]n∂nSptºmƒ P\ßƒ°p \¬Inb hmKvZm\w
\ndth‰nb NmcnXm¿∞ytØmsS Cu {]kwKw Ahkm\n∏n°m≥
F\n°p Ignbp∂Xv. k¿, kmºØnI ASnØd kpÿncam°n
F∂p am{Xa√, apt∂m´p IpXn°m\pff Hcp am¿§hpw
Nq≠n°mWn®psIm≠mWv Rm≥ hm°pIƒ D]kwlcn°p∂Xv.
96
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97

Kerala Budget Speech 2011-2012 Malayalam

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Kerala Budget Speech 2011-2012 Malayalam

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Copyright:

Available Formats

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t{kmXkpIfpw Cu ÿm]\ßƒ D]tbmKs∏SpØWw. hmbv]m

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Ds≠¶n¬ Itºmf hmbv ] FSpØv tdmUv ]p\cp≤mcWw

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tdmUvkv B≥Uv {_nUvPkv tIm¿∏tdj\pw amdpw.

FkvF®v 7 ˛ Xncph√ ˛ tImgt©cn ˛ Ipºg ˛ 30 Inao

FkvF®v 9 ˛ tIm´bw ˛ tImgt©cn ˛ 22.06 In. ao.

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14 ]Sn™mdßmSn ˛ XrØme ˛ ]´mºn 14

15 ]me°mSv ˛ Nn‰q¿ 15.7

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17 ae∏pdw at©cn ˛ ]m≠n°mSv 16.2

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5 ]mt°PpIƒ°v A\paXn \¬Ip∂p.

(i) 202 tImSn cq]bpsS FdWmIpfw ]mt°Pv —

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sNehn¬ \KctI{µØn¬ \n∂pw awKe]pctØbv°v 25 In.ao.

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apt∂m´p sh® \n¿t±ißtfmSv ]q¿Æ tbmPn∏mWpffXv .

ka{Kamb tdmUv \n¿ΩmW πm≥ D≠mhpIbpw

amt‰≠ tdmUpIƒ Gs‰Sp°pIbpamWv sNtø≠Xv.

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