Organizational Behaviour

Meaning of Work:

Organization: Consciously coordinated social unit composed of two or more people that
functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or a set of goals.

Goals / Objectives of Organization:

Primary Objectives:
• Produce goods and services to fulfil the reasonable needs of people – physical &
mental.

Secondary Objectives:
• Desirable to increase the effectiveness of human involvement.
• Maintain health, safety & job satisfaction.

According to March & Simon (1958) there are three types of goals:

1) Officalis Goals: goal stated / established

2) Operative Goals: Real intention of leader
3) Operational Goals: Quantitive expresssion of operative goal.

Perrow (1970) mentioned five organizational goals:

1) Societal Goals: Provisions of goods and services.

2) Output Goals: Satisfy customer and client needs.
3) System goals: Promote interest of organization independent of output.
4) Product Characteristics Goals: Distinctiveness in production and product styles.
5) Derived Goals: Use of organization’s power and resources to advance socila and
cultural causes.

Primary Task: The task which it is created to perform. objectives: At the concious level
1) Making the profit
2) Payment of dividend
3) Manufacture or sales of products
4) Provision of employment in a variety of occupational role.

Contribution to primary task by individuals:

1) To the primary task performance
2) To the emotions associated with it to ensure that a considerable capacity for co-
operation is evoked among the members of the organization created to perform it.

Three assumptions may accordingly be made about the organization for the task
organization:
1) Experience is practical in nature and sense of ‘whole task’ is achieved.
2) Opportunity to control their own activities.
3) Satisfactory relationship among the different task.
Considering different views Morgan (1986) described organization as complex entities he
identified organization in eight different ways:

1) Organization as Machine: designed, operated, structured, and routine.

2) Organization as Organism: adopt with the changes of environment around and
within.
3) Organization as Brain: Rational change with change of environment.
4) Organization as Culture: It has its own values; attitude, principles, and unique
way of see the world.
5) Organization as Political System: Own way of developing power, distribution of
responsibility, authority and conflict mnagement.
6) Organization as Psychic Prison: Conflict by their own representation of
themselves, inherited from past or created by distortion of their own.
7) Organization as Flux of Transformation: Develop, grows and regenerate
according to demand.
8) Organization as Vehicle for Domination: Impose the will on others.

Organizational Behaviour: It is a field of study that investigates the impact that

individuals, group and structure have on behaviour within organizations for the purpose
of applying such knowledge toward improving organizations effectiveness.

Model of Management & Organization Behaviour

Organisational Inputs From Environment

Material Human Resource Technology Capital Policy

Organization

Individuals and Groups

Pro
Process
Task Leadership Organisation
& Communication Design
Organisation Decision
Making
Power, Politics
Conflict
Negotiation

Management

Organizational Outcome
Performance