1 Prepared by Tan Sze Haun

Important Formulae
The following formulae may be helpful in answering the questions. The symbols given are the ones commonly used.

Algabra Statistics Trigonometry

∑x ∑ fx 1. Arc length, s = rθ
− b ± b 2 − 4ac 1. x = 2. x =
1. x = N ∑f
2a 1 2
2. Area of sector, A = rθ
2
2. a m × a n = a m+ n ∑ ( x − x) ∑ x2 2
3. σ = = −x 3. sin2 A + cos2 A = 1
m− n N N
3. a ÷ a = a
m n
4. sec2 A = 1 + tan2 A
(a ) ∑ f ( x − x) ∑ fx 2
m n 2
4. = a mn 4. σ = = −x 5. cosec2 A = 1 + cot2 A
∑f ∑f
5. log a mn = log a m + log a n 6. sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A
 1 N −F 7. cos 2A = cos2 A − sin2 A
m 5. m = L +  2 c
6. log a = log a m − log a n  fm  = 2 cos2 A − 1
n  
= 1 – 2 sin2 A
7. log a m n = n log a m Q1 ∑ Wi I i 8. sin (A ± B)
6. I = × 100 7. I =
Q0 Wi = sin A cos B ± cos A sin B
log c b
8. log a b = n! 9. cos (A ± B)
log c a 8. n
pr =
(n − r )! = cos A cos B ∓ sin A sin B
9. Tn = a + (n − 1)d
tan A ± tan B
9. n
Cr =
n! 10. tan( A ± B ) =
10. S n =
n
[2a + (n − 1)d ] ( n − r )! r! 1 ∓ tan A tan B
2 2 tan A
10. p( A ∪ B) = P( A) + P(B) − P( A ∩ B) 11. tan 2 A =
n −1 1 − tan 2 A
11. Tn = ar n−r
11. P ( X = r ) = Cr P q n r
, p + q =1
a b c
a(r n − 1) a(1 − r n) 12. = =
12. sn = = ,r ≠1 12. µ = np 13 σ = npq sin A sin B sin C
r −1 1− r
13. a2 = b2 + c2 – 2bc cos A
a X −µ
13. S ∞ = r <1 14. Z =
1 − r, σ 14. Area of triangle = 1 absin C
2

Calculus Geometry
1. y = uv,
dy
=u
dv
+v
du 1. Distance = (x1 − x 2 )2 + ( y1 − y 2 )2
dx dx dx
 x1 + x 2 y1 + y 2 
du
−u
dv
v
2. Midpoint (x, y) =  , 
u dy  2 2 
2. y = , = dx 2 dx
v dx v 3. A point dividing a segment of a line

3.
dy dy du
= ×  nx1 + mx 2 ny1 + my 2 
dx du dx (x, y) =  , 
 m+n m+n 
4. Area under a curve
4. Area of triangle =
= ∫ ba y dx or = ∫ ba x dy
5. Volume of revolution
1
2
(x1 y2 + x2 y3 + x3 y1 ) − (x2 y1 + x3 y2 + x1 y3 )
= ∫ ba πy 2 dx or = ∫ ba πx 2 dy ∧ xi + y j
5. |r| = x2 + y2 6. r =
−
x2 + y2
2 Prepared by Tan Sze Haun

Functions

1. 2003 Answers:
P1
Q1

Based on the above information, the relation between P nd Q is (a) 2, 4

defined by the set of ordered pairs {(1, 2), (1, 4), (2, 6), (2, 8)}. (b) 1
State
(a) the image of 1,
(b) the object of 2.

2. 2003 Given that g : x
5x + 1 and h : x
x2 – 2x + 3, find 5

(a)
P1 (a) g −1(3) 2
Q2 (b) hg(x) (b) 25x2 + 2

3. 2004 Diagram shows the relation between

P1 set P and set Q. State
Q1 (a) the range of the relation,
(b) the type of the relation.
(a) {x, y}
(b) many to one

4. 2004 5
Given the functions h : x
4x + m and h −1 : x
2kx + , where
P1 8 1 5
k= , m=−
Q2 m and k are constants, find the value of m and of k. 8 2

5. 2004 6
Given the functions h(x) = , x ≠ 0 and composite function hg(x) =
P1 x
Q3 3x, find 2
(a)
(a) g(x). x
(b) the value of x when gh(x) = 5. (b) 15

6. 2005
P1
Q1 (a) 2
(b) 8

The function h maps x to y and the function g maps y to z.

Determine
(a) h −1(5)
(b) gh(2)

7. 2005
The function w is defined as w(x) =
5
, x ≠ 2. Find 2x − 5
(a)
P1 2−x x
Q2 (a) w −1(x) 3
(b) w −1(4) (b)
4
8. 2005 The above information refers to the
P1 functions h and g. Find gh −1(x).
Q3 2x + 5

9. 2006 Set B shows the image of certain

P1 elements of set A. (a) many to one
Q1 (a) state the type of relation between (b) f(x) = x 2
set A and set B.
(b) using the function notation, write
a relation between set A and set B
3 Prepared by Tan Sze Haun

10. 2006 Diagram shows the function h : x

P1 m−x m=4
, x ≠ 0 . Where m is a constant.
Q2 x
Find the value of m.

11. 2006
Given that f : x
3x – 2 and g : x

x
+ 1 , find x +1
(a)
P2 5 3
Q2 (a) f −1(x) x + 15
(b) f −1g(x) (b)
15
(c) h(x) such that hg(x) = 2x + 6
(c) 10x − 4
12. 2007 Diagram shows the linear function h.
P1 (a) Sate the value of m. (a) m = 3
Q1 (b) using the function notation, (b) h(x) = x + 1
express h in terms of x.

13. 2007 Given the function f: x
|x – 3|, find the values of x such that
P1 Q2 f(x) = 5 . 8, − 2

14. 2007 The following information is about the function h and the composite
P1 a = 6, b = −5
function h2. Find the value of a and b.
Q3
h: x
ax + b, where a and b
are constant, and a > 0
h2 : x
36x – 35

Quadratic Equations

2003 Solve the quadratic equation 2x(x – 4) = (1 – x)(x + 2). Give your answer 2.591, − 0.2573
P1 Q3 correct to four significant figures.

2004 1 2x2 + 5x – 3 = 0
Form the quadratic equation which has the roots -3 and . Give your answer
P1 Q4 2
in the form of ax2 + bx + c =0, where a, b and c are constants.

2005 Solve the quadratic equation x(2x – 5) = 2x - 1. Give your answer correct to 3.351, 0.149
P1 Q5 three decimal places.

2006 A quadratic equation x2 + px + 9 = 2x has two equal roots. Find the possible 8, − 4
P1 Q3 values of p.

2007 a) Solve the quadratic equation 3x2 + 5x – 2 = 0 1

(a) , −2
P1 Q4 b) The quadratic equation hx2 + kx + 3 = 0, where h and k are constant, 3
has two equal roots. Express h in terms of k.
k2
(b) h =
12
4 Prepared by Tan Sze Haun

Quadratic Functions

Answers:
1. 2003 The function f(x) = x2 -4kx + 5k2 + 1 has a minimum value of r2 + 2k, (b) r = 3, −1
P2 Q2 where r and k are constants. k = 4,0
(a) by using the method of completing the square, show that r = k –
1.
(b) Hence, or otherwise, find the values of k and r if the graph of the
function is symmetrical about x = r2 – 1.

2. 2004 Diagram shows the graph of the (a) k = 1

P1 Q6 function y = −(x – k)2 – 2, where k is a (b) x = 1
constant. Find
(c) (1, −2)
(a) the value of k,
(b) the equation of the axis of
symmetry,
(c) the coordinates of the maximum
point.

3. 2005 Diagram shows the graph of a (a) p = −1

P1 Q6 quadratic functions f(x) = 3(x + p)2 + (b) q = 2
2, where p is a constant. The curve y =
(c) x = 1
f(x) has the minimum point (1, q),
where q is a constant. State
(a) the value of p,
(b) the value of q,
(c) the equation of the axis of
symmetry.

4. 2006 Diagram 3 shows the graph of a (a) x = 3

P1 Q4 quadratic function y = f(x). The straight (b) f(x) = (x − 3)2 − 4
line y = −4 is a tangent to the curve y
= f(x).
(a) Write the equation of the axis of
symmetry of the curve.
(b) Express f(x) in the form (x + b)2 +
c, where b and c are constants.

5. 2007 The quadratic function f(x) = x2 + 2x – 4 can be expressed in the form m = 1,n = 5
P1 Q6 f(x) = (x + m)2 – n, where m and n are constants. Find the value of m
and of n.

Inequalities

1. 2003 P1 Q4 The quadratic equation x(x + 1) = px – 4 has two distinct p < −3,p > 5
roots. Find the range of values of p.

2. 2004 P1 Q5 Find the range of values of x for which x(x – 4) ≤ 12. −2 ≤ x ≤ 6

3. 2005 P1 Q4 The straight line y = 5x – 1 does not intersect the curve y = p <1
2x2 + x + p. Find the range of values of p.

4. 2006 P1 Q5 Find the range of values of x for (2x – 1)(x + 4) > 4 + x. x < −4,x > 1

5. 2007 P1 Q5 Find the range of values of x for which 2x2 ≤ 1 + x. 1

− ≤ x ≤1
2
5 Prepared by Tan Sze Haun

Simultaneous equations

1. 2003 Solve the simultaneous equations 4x + y = − 8 and x2 + x – y = 2. x = − 2, − 3

P2 Q1 y = 0, 4

2. 2004 Solve the simultaneous equations p – m = 2 and p2 + 2m = 8. Give m = 0.606, − 6.606

P2 Q1 your answers correct to three decimal places. p = 2.606, − 4.606

3. 2005
Solve the simultaneous equations x +
1 2
y = 1 and y – 10 = 2x.
x = 3, − 0.5
P2 Q1 2 y = −4, 3

4. 2006 Solve the simultaneous equations 2x + y = 1 and 2x2 + y2 + xy = 5. x = 1.433, − 0.693

P2 Q1 Give your answers correct to three decimal places. y = − 1.886, 2.386

5. 2007 Solve the following simultaneous equations: x = 3, 1

P2 Q1 2x − y − 3 = 0 , 2x2 − 10x + y + 9 = 0 y = 3, −1

Indices and Logarithms

1. 2003 Given that log2 T − log4 V = 3 , express T in terms of V. T=8 V

P1 Q5

1.2003 Solve the equation 42x − 1 = 7x. 1.677

P1 Q6

2.2004 Solve the equation 324x = 48x + 6. 3

P1 Q7

3.2004 Given that log5 2 = m and log5 7 = p , express log5 4.9 in terms of m and p. 2p – m – 1
P1 Q8

2. 2005 Solve the equation 2x + 4 – 2x + 3 = 1. −3

P1 Q7

3. 2005 Solve the equation log3 4x − log3 (2x − 1) = 1 . 3

P1 Q8 2

4. 2005 27m 3r – 2p + 1
Given that logm 2 = p and logm 3 = r , express logm in terms of p and r.
P1 Q9 4

5. 2006 1 1
Solve the equation 82x − 3 = .
P1 Q6 4 x +2

6. 2006 Given that log2 xy = 2 + 3log2 x − log2 y , express y in terms of x. y=x

P1 Q7

7. 2006 Solve the equation 2 + log3 (x − 1) = log3 x . 1

1
P1 Q8 8

8. 2007  8b  3+x−y
P1 Q7 Given that log2 b = x and log2 c = y , express log4   in terms of x and y.
 c  2

9. 2007 ( )
Given that 9 3n −1 = 27n , find the value of n. 1
P1 Q8 2
6 Prepared by Tan Sze Haun

Coordinates Geometry: Paper 1

1. 2003 The points A(2h, h), B(p, t) and C(2p, 3t) are on a straight p = − 2t
P1 line. B divides AC internally in the ratio 2 : 3. Express p in
Q9 terms of t.

2. 2003 y x Yes, the lines are

The equations of two straight lines are + = 1 and
P1 5 3 perpendicular to each ather.
Q11 5y = 3x + 24 . Determine whether the lines are perpendicular to
each other.

3. 2004 Diagram shows a straight line PQ with 3y = 2x + 9

P1 x y
the equation + = 1 . The point P lies
Q14 2 3
on the x-axis and the point Q lies on the
y-axis. Find the equation of the straight
line perpendicular to PQ and passing
through the point Q.

4. 2004 The point A is (−1, 3) and the point B is (4, 6). The point P 5x 2 + 5y 2 + 50x − 6y − 118 = 0
P1 moves such that PA : PB = 2 : 3. Find the equation of the
Q15 locus of P.

5. 2005 1
p=
P1 2−k
Q14

The above information refers to the equations of two straight

lines, JK and RT, which are perpendicular to each other.
Express p in terms of k.

6. 2006 Diagram shows the straight  10 17 

P1 line AB which is perpendicular  3 ,3 
 
Q12 to the straight line CB at the
point B. The equation of the
straight line CB is y = 2x − 1.
Find the coordinates of B.

7. 2007 x y 1
The straight line + = 1 has a y-intercept of 2 and is h = 2,k = −
P1 6 h 3
Q13 parallel to the straight line y + kx = 0. Determine the value of
h and of k.

8. 2007 The vertices of a triangle are A(5, 2), B(4, 6) and C(p, – 2). p = − 9, 21
P1 Given that the area of the triangle is 30 unit2, find the values
Q14 of p.

Coordinates Geometry: Paper 2

1. 2003 A point P moves along the arc of a circle with centre A(2, 3). The arc passes through Q(−2, 0)
P2 and R(5, k).
Q11 (a) Find
(i) the equation of the locus of the point P,
(ii) the value of k.
(b) The tangent to the circle at point Q intersects the y-axis at point T. Find the area of
triangle OQT
7 Prepared by Tan Sze Haun

2. 2004 Diagram shows a straight line CD which meets a

P2 straight line AB at the point D. The point C lies on
Q2 the y-axis.
a) Write down the equation of AB in the form of
intercepts.
b) Given that 2AD = DB, find the coordinates of D.
c) Given that CD is perpendicular to AB, find the y-
intercept of CD.

3. 2005 In the diagram, ∠ABC = 90° and the equation of

P2 straight line BC is 2y + x + 6 = 0 and coordinates of
Q9 point A is (−4, 9). Find
(a) (i) the equation of the straight line AB.
(ii) the coordinates of B.
(b) The straight line AB is extended to a point D
such that AB : BD = 2 : 3. Find the coordinates
of D.
(c) A point P moves such that its distance from
point A is always 5 units. Find the equation of
the locus of p.

4. 2006 Diagram shows the triangle AOB where O is the

P2 origin. Point C lies on the straight line AB.
Q9 (a) Calculate the area, in unit2, of triangle AOB.
(b) Given that AC : CB = 3 : 2, find the coordinates
of C.
(c) A point P moves such that its distance from
point A is always twice its distance from point B.
(i) Find the equation of the locus of P.
(ii) Hence, determine whether or not this locus
intercepts the y-axis.

5. 2007 In the diagram, the straight line AB has an equation

P2 y + 2x + 8 = 0. AB intersects the x-axis at point A
Q2 and intersects the y-axis at point B. Point P lies on
AB such that AP : PB = 1 : 3. Find
(a) the coordinates of P,
(b) the equation of the straight line that passes
through P and perpendicular to AB.

Answers:
1. (a) (i) x 2 + y 2 − 4x − 6y − 12 = 0 4. (a) 9 units2.
(ii) −1, 7 (b)  12 2 
 5 ,5 
(b) 8  
units2
3 (c) (i) x 2 + y 2 − 18x + 8y + 45 = 0
(ii) No, this locus does not intercept the
2. (a) x y y-axis.
− =1
9 6
(b) D(3, −4) 5. (a) P(−3, −2)
(c) 1 (b) 2y = x − 1
2

3. (a) (i) y = 2x + 17
(ii) B(−8, 1)
(b) D(−14, −11)
(c) x 2 + y 2 + 8x − 18y + 72 = 0
8 Prepare by Tan Sze Haun

Statistics: Paper 1

1 2005 The mean of four numbers is m . The sum of the squares of the numbers m = 25 – 9k2
P1 Q23 is 100 and the standard deviation is 3k. Express m in terms of k.

2 2006 A set of positive integers consists of 2, 5 and m. The variance for this set of m = 11
P1 Q24 integers is 14. Find the value of m.

3 2007 A set of data consists of five numbers. The sum of the numbers is 60 and (a) 12
P1 Q22 the sum of the squares of the numbers is 800. Find, for the five numbers (b) 4
(a) the mean,
(b) the standard deviation.

Statistics: Paper 2

SPM A set of examination marks x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6 has a mean of 5 and a (a)
2003 standard deviation of 1.5. (i) 30
P2 Q5 (a) Find (ii) 163.5
(i) the sum of the marks, ∑ x ,
(b)
(ii) the sum of the squares of the marks, ∑x 2
.
(i) 13
(b) Each marks is multiplied by 2 and then 3 is added to it. Find, for the (ii) 9
new set of marks,
(i) the mean,
(ii) the variance.

SPM A set of data consists of 10 numbers. The sum of the numbers is 150 and (a) mean = 15
2004 the sum of the squares of the numbers is 2472. variance = 22.2
P2 Q4 (a) Find the mean and variance of the 10 numbers.
(b) Another number is added to the set of data and the mean is (b)
increased by 1. Find (i) 26
(i) the value of this number, (ii) 5.494
(ii) the standard deviation of the set of 11 numbers.

SPM (a) 24.07

2005
(b) 11.74
P2 Q4

Diagram 2 is a histogram which represents the distribution of the marks

obtained by 40 pupils in a test.
(a) Without using an ogive, calculate the median mark.
(b) Calculate the standard deviation of the distribution.
9 Prepare by Tan Sze Haun

SPM The following table shows the frequency distribution of the scores of a (a) k = 4
2006 group of pupils in a game.
(b) 43
P2 Q6
Score Number of (a) Given that the median score of the
(c) 48
pupils distribution is 42. Calculate the value of k.
10 – 19 1 (b) Using a scale of 2 cm to 10 scores on the
20 – 29 2 horizontal axis and 2 cm to 2 pupils on the
30 – 39 8 vertical axis, draw a histogram to
40 – 49 12 represent the frequency distribution of the
50 – 59 k scores. Find the mode score.
60 – 69 1 (c) What is the mode score if the score of
each pupils is increased by 5?

SPM Table below shows the cumulative frequency distribution for the scores of (a)
2007 32 students in a competition. 4, 6, 10, 8, 4
P2 Q5
Score < 10 < 20 < 30 < 40 < 50
(b) 18.33
Number of students 4 10 20 28 32
(a) Based on table above, copy and complete the table below
Score 0–9 10 – 19 20 – 29 30 – 39 40 – 49
Number of students
(b) Without drawing an ogive, find the interquartile range of the
distribution.

Circular Measure: Paper 1

1 SPM The length of the arc RS is 7.24 cm and the 0.8183 rad.
2003 perimeter of the sector ROS is 25 cm. Find the
P1 value of θ, in rad.
Q19

2 SPM The length of the major arc AB is 45.51 cm, 7.675 cm

2004 find the length, in cm, of the radius. (use π =
P1 3.142)
Q19

3 SPM The length of major arc AB is 16 cm and angle (a)

2005 of major sector AOB is 290°. Using π = 3.142, 1.222 rad.
P1 find
Q19 (a) the value of θ, in radians, (b)
(Give your answer correct to four 13.09 cm
significant figures.)
(b) the length, in cm, of the radius of the
circle.

4 SPM Diagram beside shows sector OAB with centre (a)

2006 O and sector AXY with centre A. 0.7 rad.
P1 Given that OB = 10 cm, AY = 4 cm, ∠ XAY =
Q16 1.1 radians and the length of arc AB = 7 cm, (b)
calculate 26.2 cm2.
(a) the value of θ, in radians,
(b) the area, in cm2, of the shaded region.
10 Prepare by Tan Sze Haun

5 SPM Diagram shows a sector BOC of a circle with (a)

2007 centre O. It is given that AD = 8 cm and BA = 18.5 cm
P1 AO = OD = DC = 5 cm. Find
Q18 a) the length, in cm, of the arc BC, (b)
b) the area, in cm2, of the shaded region. 80.5 cm2

Circular Measure: Paper 2

1 SPM Diagram shows the sector POQ, centre O with (a) 0.9274
2003 radius 10 cm. The point R on OP such that OR :
P2 OP = 3 : 5. Calculate (b) 22.37
Q4 (a) the value of θ, in rad,
(b) the area of the shaded region, in cm2.

2 SPM PQRT is a circle, centre O and radius 5 cm. JQK 2

(a) π
2004 is a tangent to the circle at Q. The straight lines, 3
P2 JO and KO, intersect the circle at P and R
Q9 respectively. OPQR is a rhombus. JLK is an arc of (b) 20.94
a circle, centre O. Calculate
(a) the angle α, in terms of π, (c) 61.40
(b) the length, in cm, of the arc JKL,
(c) the area, in cm2, of the shaded region.

3 SPM POQ is a sector, centre O. The point A lies on OP, (a) 6

2005 the point B lies on OQ and AB is perpendicular to
P2 π (b) 24.403
OQ. The length of OA is 8 cm and ∠POQ is
Q10 6
radian. It is given OA : OP = 4 : 7. Using π = (c) 37.48
3.142, calculate
(a) the length, in cm, of AP,
(b) the perimeter, in cm, of the shaded region,
(c) the area, in cm2, of the shaded region.

4 SPM Diagram shows the plan of a garden. PCQ is a (a) 62.592

2006 semicircle with centre O and has a radius of 8 m.
P2 RAQ is sector of a circle with centre A has a (b) 31.363
Q10 radius of 14 m. Sector COQ is a lawn. The
shaded region is a flower bed and has to be (c) 38.252
fenced. It is given that AC = 8 m and ∠ COQ =
1.956 radians. [Use π = 3.142] Calculate
(a) the area, in m2, of the lawn,
(b) the length, in m, of the fence required for the
flower bed,
(c) the area, in m2, of the flower bed.
5 SPM Diagram shows a circle, centre O and (a) 31.41
2007 radius 10 cm inscribed in a sector APB of
P2 a circle, centre P. The straight lines, AP (b) 88.5
Q10 and BP, are tangents to the circle at point
Q and point R, respectively.
[use π = 3.142] Calculate
a) the length, in cm, of the arc AB,
b) the area, in cm2, of the shaded
region.
11 Prepare by Tan Sze Haun

Differentiation

1 2003 Given that y = 14x(5 – x), calculate 5 175

(a) (b)
P1 (a) the value of x when y is a maximum, 2 2
Q15 (b) the maximum value of y.

2 2003 Given that y = x2 + 5x, use differentiation to find the small change in 0.11
P1 y when x increases from 3 to 3.01.
Q16

3 2004 Differentiate 3x2(2x – 5)4 with respect to x. 6x(6x – 5)(2x – 5)3

P1
Q20

4 2004 2 8
Two variables, x and y, are related by the equation y = 3x + . Given
P1 x 5
Q21 that y increases at a constant rate of 4 units per second, find the rate
of change of x when x = 2.

5 2005 1 27
Given that h(x) = , evaluate h"(1).
P1 (3x − 5)2 8
Q19

6 2005 1 3 5
The volume of water, v cm3, in a container is given by V = h + 8h ,
P1 3 6
Q20 where h cm is the height of the water in the container. Water is
poured into the container at the rate of 10 cm3 s−1. Find the rate of
change of the height of water, in cm s−1, at the instant when its height
is 2 cm.

7 2006 The point P lies on the curve y = (x − 5)2. It is given that the gradient (7, 4)
P1 1
Q17 of the normal at P is − . Find the coordinates of P.
4

8 2006 2 7 dy 14(3x – 5)6

It is given that y = u , where u = 3x – 5. Find in terms of x.
P1 3 dx
Q18

9 2006 Given that y = 3x2 + x − 4, (a) 7 (b) 7p

P1 dy
Q19 (a) find the value of when x = 1,
dx
(b) express the approximate change in y, in terms of p, when x
changes from 1 to 1 + p, where p is a small value.

10 2007 dy 2
The curve y = f(x) is such that = 3kx + 5 , where k is a constant.
P1 dx 3
Q19 The gradient of the curve at x = 2 is 9. Find the value of k.

11 2007 The curve y = x2 – 32x + 64 has a minimum point at x = p, where p is 16

P1 a constant. Find the value of p.
Q20
12 Prepare by Tan Sze Haun

Solution of triangles

1 SPM Diagram shows a tent VABC in the shape of a

2003 pyramid with triangle ABC as the horizontal base. V is
P2 the vertex of the tent and the angle between the
Q15 inclined plane VBC and the base is 50°. Given that VB
= VC = 2.2 m and AB = AC = 2.6 m, calculate
a) the length of BC if the area of the base is 3 m2,
b) the length of AV if the angle between AV and the
base is 25°,
c) the area of the triangle VAB.

2 SPM Diagram shows a quadrilateral ABCD such that ∠ABC

2004 is acute.
P2 (a) Calculate
Q13 i) ∠ABC,
ii) ∠ADC,
iii) The area, in cm2, of the quadrilateral ABCD.
(b) A triangle A' B' C' has the same measurements as
those given for triangle ABC, that is A'C' = 12.3 m,
C'B' = 9.5 cm and ∠B'A'C' = 40.5°, but which is
different shape to triangle ABC.
i) Sketch the triangle A'B'C'.
ii) State the size of ∠A'B'C'.

3 SPM Diagram shows triangle ABC.

2005 (a) Calculate the length, in cm, of AC.
P2 (b) A quadrilateral ABCD is now formed so that AC is
Q12 a diagonal, ∠ACD = 40° and AD = 16 cm.
Calculate the two possible values of ∠ADC.
(c) By using the acute ∠ADC from (b), calculate
i) the length, in cm, of CD,
ii) the area, in cm2, of the quadrilateral ABCD.

4 SPM Diagram shows a quadrilateral ABCD. The area of the

2006 triangle BCD is 13 cm2 and ∠ BCD is acute. Calculate
P2 (a) ∠ BCD,
Q13 (b) the length, in cm, of BD,
(c) ∠ ABD,
(d) the area, in cm2, of the quadrilateral ABCD.

5 SPM Diagram shows quadrilateral ABCD.

2007 (a) Calculate
P2 (i) the length, in cm, of AC,
Q15 (ii) ∠ACB.
(b) Point A’ lies on AC such that A’B = AB.
(i) Sketch ∆A’BC.
(ii) Calculate the area, in cm 2, of ∆A’BC.
13 Prepare by Tan Sze Haun

Answers:
1 a) 2.7 m 2 a) (i) 57.23° 5 a) (i) 13.36 cm
b) 3.149 m (ii) 106.07° (ii) 23.88°
c) 2.829 m2 (iii) 82.38 cm2

3 a) 19.27 cm
b) 50.73° or 129.27°
c) (i) 24.89 cm (b) (i)
(ii) 290.1 cm2. (ii) 122.77°
(b) (i)
4 60.07° (ii) 13.8 cm2.
5.573 cm
116.55°
35.43 cm2.

Index Number

Answers:
1 (a) x = 0.40, 2 (a) (i) 29 3 (a) x = 125, 4 (a) w = 6 5 (a) x = 2,
y = 137.5, (ii) 162 y = 2.80, (b) x = 8, y = 90
z = 3.00 (b) (i) 125 z = 0.50 y = 10 (b) 123.5
(b) 140.91 (ii) 25 (b) 129.44 (c) (i) 24 (c) 81.51
(c) 642.5 (c) 2306.09 (ii) m = 4
(d) 169.09 (d) 194.16

1 The bar chart shows the costs of items P, Q, R, S and T for the year 1990. The table shows the
prices and the price indices of the items.
SPM Price (RM) Price
Cost (RM )

40 33
2003 30 index for
P2 30 24 Item 1995
1990 1995
Q13 based on
20 15 1990
12
10 P x 0.70 175
Q 2.00 2.50 125
0 R 4.00 5.50 y
P Q R S T S 6.00 9.00 150
Items T 2.50 z 120

a) Find the values of x, y and z.

b) Calculate the composite index for the items in the year 1995 based on the year 1990.
c) The total cost of the items in the year 1990 is RM 456. Calculate the corresponding total cost in
the year 1995.
d) The coat increased by 20% from the year 1995 to the year 2000. Find the composite index for
the year 2000 using 1990 as the base year.

2 The table shows the price indices and percentage of usage of Price index
4 items, P, Q, R and S, which are the main ingredient of a for 1995 Percentage
Item
SPM biscuit. based on of usage
2004 (a) Calculate 1993
P2 i) the price of S in the year 1993 if its price in the year P 135 40
Q12 1995 is RM 37.70. Q x 30
ii) the price index of P in the year 1995 based on the R 105 10
year 1991 if its price index in the year 1993 based on S 130 20
the year 1991 is 120.
(b) The composite index of the cost of biscuit production for the year 1995 based on the year 1993
is 128. Calculate
i) the values of x.
ii) the price of a box of biscuit in the year 1993 if the corresponding price in the year 1995 is
RM 32.
14 Prepare by Tan Sze Haun

3 The table shows the prices and the price indices for the four ingredients P, Q, R and S, used in
making biscuits of a particular kind. The pie chart represents the relative amount of the ingredients
SPM P, Q, R and S, used in making these biscuits.
2005 Price per kg (RM) Price index for 2004
Ingredients
P2 Year 2001 Year 2004 based on 2001
Q13 P 0.80 1.00 x
Q 2.00 y 140
R 0.40 0.60 150
S z 0.40 80

a) Find the values of x, y and z.

b) Calculate the composite index for the cost of making these biscuit in the year 2004 based on the
year 2001.
c) Hence, calculate the corresponding cost of making these biscuit in the year 2001 if the cost in the
year 2004 was RM 2985.
d) The coat of making these biscuit is expected to increase by 50% from the year 2004 to the year
2007. Find the expected composite index for the year 2007 based on the year 2001.

4 A particular kind of cake is made by using four ingredients, P, Q, R and S. Table below shows the
prices of the ingredients.
SPM Ingredient Price per kilogram (RM)
2006 Year 2004 Year 2005
P2 P 5.00 w
Q15 Q 2.50 4.00
R x y
S 4.00 4.40
(a) The index number of ingredient P in the year 2005 based on the year 2004 is 120. Calculate the
value of w.
(b) The index number of ingredient R in the year 2005 based on the year 2004 is 125. The price per
kilogram of ingredient R in the year 2005 is RM 2⋅00 more than its corresponding price in the
year 2004. Calculate the value of x and of y.
(c) The composite index for the cost of making the cake in the year 2005 based on the year 2004 is
127⋅5. Calculate
i) the price of a cake in the year 2004 if its corresponding price in the year 2005 is RM 30⋅60,
ii) the value of m if the quantities of ingredients P, Q, R and S used are in the ratio of 7: 3: m: 2.

5 The table shows the prices and the price indices for the five components P, Q, R, S and T, use to
produce a kind of toy. The pie chart represents the relative quantity of components used.
SPM Price (RM) for the year Price index for 2006
2007 components
Year 2004 Year 2006 based on 2004
P2 P 1.20 1.50 125
Q13 Q x 2.20 110
R 4.00 6.00 150
S 3.00 2.70 y
T 2.00 2.80 140

a) Find the values of x and y.

b) Calculate the composite index for the production cost of the toys in the year 2006 based on the
year 2004.
c) The price of each component increases by 20% from the year 2006 to year 2008. Given that the
production cost of one toy in the year 2004 is R55, calculate the corresponding cost in the year
2008.