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Voting machines are the total combination of mechanical, electromechanical, or electronic
equipment (including software, firmware, and documentation required to program control,
and support equipment), that is used to define ballots; to cast and count votes; to report or
display election results; and to maintain and produce any audit trail information. The first
voting machines were mechanical but it is increasingly more common to use electronic
voting machines.

The first major proposal for the use of voting machines came from the Chartists in
1838.Among the radical reforms called for in m




 were universal suffrage
and voting by secret ballot. This required major changes in the conduct of elections, and as
responsible reformers, the Chartists not only demanded reforms but described how to
accomplish them, publishing 

, a description of how to run a polling place, and


, a description of a voting machine to be used in such a polling place.
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plectronic voting machine has now replaced the traditional mechanism of voting due to
several advantages like security, automatic counting etc. This project presents a way to
develop an electronic voting machine which displays the count of votes on a 16x2 LCD
interface. A user can get his/her vote register through a set of switches (one for each
candidate). After every cast of vote, the subsequent count can be seen on LCD. The circuit
uses AT89C51 microcontroller and the code for the project has been written in C.

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This LCD based electronic voting machine is designed for four candidates. The input part
consists of a set of six tactile switches. The switches and 16x2 LCD are interfaced to
microcontroller AT89C51 for various operations and displays.

The provision of casting votes for the candidates has been provided through four of these
switches. These switches are made active high and connected to pins 2-5 (P1^1 Ȃ P1^4) of
the controller. The remaining two switches (both active low) are to start and stop the
voting procedure. They are connected to pins 1 and 6 (P1^0 and P1^5) respectively. The
Init (start) switch initializes the voting system when pressed, while the Stop switch ends
the voting and displays the poll results on LCD screen.

For more details on working with LCD, refer LCD interfacing with 8051. The data pins of
the LCD (pins 7-14) are connected to the output port P2 of the microcontroller. The control
pins (RS, R/W and p ) are connected to port P3 pins P3^0, P3^1 & P3^6 respectively.


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1 To conduct fair election with greater reliability and fast vote-counting techniques.

2 To remove any type of error in voting such as counting error in manual voting boxes.

3 To learn about microcontroller projects and its application.

4 To learn interfacing techniques and programming language.

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- to generate .hex file
b.Ê £
 
 
 - to make schematic design of project








 

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AT89C51 is an 8-bit microcontroller and belongs to Atmel's 8051 family. AT89C51 has 4KB
of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PpROM) and 128 bytes of RAM. It
can be erased and program to a maximum of 1000 times.

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LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display module and find a wide range of
applications. A 16x2 LCD display is very basic module and is very commonly used in various
devices and circuits.

Ê £

Power supply is used to give power to components for their operation. For power
supply we use bridge rectified controlled power supply.

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a.Ê Controller- 90/-
b.Ê Lcd display 150/-
c.Ê Switch- 5/- per piece
d.Ê Connecting wires-50/-
 e.Ê Cabinet 100/-
f.Ê Potentiometer 2/- per piece
g.Ê Resistor 1/- per piece
h.Ê Capacitor 2/- per piece
i.Ê Potentiometer 4/- per piece
j.Ê Transformer-1 80/-per piece
k.Ê Diode-1/-per piece
l.Ê IC7805-12/-per piece
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