Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Submitted by:
Aakash Saini
BBA(B&I) Semester VI
Enrl. No: 0231241808
I hereby declare that the major project report, entitled “Performance Analysis of
ULIP Funds with Special Reference to LIC”, is based on my original study and has
not been submitted earlier for award of any degree or diploma to any institute or
university.
The work of other author(s), wherever used, has been acknowledged at appropriate
place(s).
Countersigned
Name: Name:
Supervisor Director
2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
to my guide and mentor Mr. Anmol Poddar for his valuable guidance and
completion of this project report. Without his help, this project would
Aakash Saini
3
CONTENTS
1. Introduction 5
2. Industry Profile 10
2.1 Life Insurance 14
2.2 Insurance Market – Present 16
2.3 Present structure of Insurance Industry in India 19
2.4 Related Acts 21
2.5 Life Insurance Products 23
3. Unit-Linked Insurance Plans (ULIP) 24
3.1 Structure of ULIPs 27
3.2 Advantages of ULIPs 29
3.3 Factors influencing the buying of ULIPs 31
3.4 Types of funds under ULIPs 32
4. Company Profile 33
4.1 Business objectives 36
4.2 Mission/Vision of LIC 37
4.3 Product Segments Of LIC 38
4.4 Performance Of ULIP Funds Of LIC 44
5. Objective & Scope of Project/Study 46
6. Research Methodology 49
7. Limitations 53
8. Analysis and Interpretation 55
9. Conclusions/Recommendations 64
Questionnaire
Bibliography
4
INTRODUCTION
5
INTRODUCTION
Even though LIC is still the market leader with more than over 60% of
the market share, the private players are giving it a tough time. Since the
last decade the market share of LIC had fallen down by about more than
20%.
6
positioning their brand sand are marketing their products in such a way
the people have started feeling the need of security in their lives.
Taking into account the huge population and growing per capita income
besides several other driving factors, a huge opportunity is in store for the
insurance companies in India. According to the latest research findings,
nearly 80% of Indian population are without life insurance cover while
health insurance and non-life insurance continues to be below
international standards. And this part of the population is also subjected
to weak social security and pension systems with hardly any old age
income security. As per independent surveys, insurance in India is
primarily used as a means to improve personal finances and for income
tax planning; Indians have a tendency to invest in properties and gold
followed by bank deposits. They selectively invest in shares also but the
percentage is very small (4-5%). This in itself is an indicator that growth
potential for the insurance sector is immense. It's a business growing at
the rate of 15-20% per annum and presently is of the order of around
more than $55 billion.
India is a vast market for life insurance that is directly proportional to the
growth in premiums and an increase in life density. With the entry of
private sector players backed by foreign expertise, Indian insurance
market has become more vibrant.
7
restraints. They private players are still in their initial days and would
take some more time to capture a good market share. At present they are
coming up with new and innovative ideas.
Since the last decade the life insurance industry in India has been
growing very fast and many new companies have entered this business
insurance. The Indian life insurance industry has recorded a robust
growth of more than 16 per cent for the nine-month period which ended
on December 31, 2008.It is expected to grow at an amazing rate of 20 per
cent this year. Also in the present scenario the most sought after
insurance plans are the Unit Linked insurance Plans (ULIPs).
8
So with many players around for a company to really be successful it has
to really be very efficient on all fronts. It has to constantly adapt to the
changing consumer preferences with a lot of new innovations and
implementing new technology try to different from the lot. Especially if it
is a new player in the market the company has to really work very hard to
get into the completion and stay afloat.
9
INDUSTRY PROFILE
10
INDUSTRY PROFILE
INSURANCE
CHARACTERISTICS OF INSURANCE
1. Sharing of risks
2. Cooperative device
3. Evaluation of risk
4. Payment on happening of a special event
5. The amount of payment depends on the nature of losses incurred.
11
The story of insurance is probably as old as the story of mankind. The
same instinct that prompts modern businessmen today to secure
themselves against loss and disaster existed in primitive men also. They
too sought to avert the evil consequences of fire and flood and loss of life
and were willing to make some sort of sacrifice in order to achieve
security. Though the concept of insurance is largely a development of the
recent past, particularly after the industrial era – past few centuries – yet
its beginnings date back almost 6000 years.
Life Insurance in its modern form came to India from England in the year
1818. Oriental Life Insurance Company started by Europeans in Calcutta
was the first life insurance company on Indian Soil. All the insurance
companies established during that period were brought up with the
purpose of looking after the needs of European community and these
companies were not insuring Indian natives. However, later with the
efforts of eminent people like Babu Muttylal Seal, the foreign life
insurance companies started insuring Indian lives. But Indian lives were
being treated as sub-standard lives and heavy extra premiums were being
charged on them. Bombay Mutual Life Assurance Society heralded the
birth of first Indian life insurance company in the year 1870, and covered
Indian lives at normal rates. Starting as Indian enterprise with highly
patriotic motives, insurance companies came into existence to carry the
message of insurance and social security through insurance to various
sectors of society. Prior to 1912 India had no legislation to regulate
insurance business. In the year 1912, the Life Insurance Companies Act,
and the Provident Fund Act were passed. The Life Insurance Companies
Act, 1912 made it necessary that the premium rate tables and periodical
valuations of companies should be certified by an actuary. But the Act
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discriminated between foreign and Indian companies on many accounts,
putting the Indian companies at a disadvantage.
The first two decades of the twentieth century saw lot of growth in
insurance business. From 44 companies with total business-in-force as
Rs.22.44 crore, it rose to 176 companies with total business-in-force as
Rs.298 crore in 1938. The Insurance Act 1938 was the first legislation
governing not only life insurance but also non-life insurance to provide
strict state control over insurance business. The demand for
nationalization of life insurance industry was made repeatedly in the past
but it gathered momentum in 1944 when a bill to amend the Life
Insurance Act 1938 was introduced in the Legislative Assembly.
However, it was much later on the 19th of January, 1956, that life
insurance in India was nationalized. About 154 Indian insurance
companies, 16 non-Indian companies and 75 provident were operating in
India at the time of nationalization. The Parliament of India passed the
Life Insurance Corporation Act on the 19th of June 1956, and the Life
Insurance Corporation of India was created on 1st September, 1956, with
the objective of spreading life insurance much more widely and in
particular to the rural areas with a view to reach all insurable persons in
the country, providing them adequate financial cover at a reasonable cost.
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LIFE INSURANCE
It is evident from its very name it deals with insurance of human life. Life
Insurance Corporation of India a public sector undertaking has the
monopoly in this sector since its nationalization.
All life insurance companies in India have to comply with the strict
regulations laid out by Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority
of India (IRDA). Therefore there is no risk in going in for private
insurance players. In terms of being rated for financial strength like
international players, only ICICI Prudential is rated by Fitch India at
National Insurer Financial Strength Rating of AAA (Ind) with stable
outlook indicating the highest claims paying ability rating.
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players, ICICI Prudential Life Insurance (JV between ICICI Bank and
Prudential PLC)is the largest followed by Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance
Company Limited (JV between Bajaj Group and Allianz).
The private companies are coming out with better products which are
more beneficial to the customer. Among such products are the ULIPs or
the Unit Linked Insurance Plans which offer both life cover as well as
scope for savings or investment options as the customer desires. Further,
these types of plans are subject to a minimum lock-in period of three
years to prevent misuse of the significant tax benefits offered to such
plans under the Income Tax Act. Unlike the mutual fund product that has
a very simple cost structure, ULIPs carry a greater number of costs
(administration and mortality), in addition to the others. So comparing
ULIPs with mutual funds is erroneous.
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INSURANCE MARKET - PRESENT
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for the period spanning 2006-2007. Estimated non-life premiums rose
from INR230 billion ($5.75 billion) in 2006 to INR261 billion ($6.53
billion) in 2007.
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ownership, the Indian aviation insurance market is all set to boom in a
big way in coming years.
• Home insurance segment is set to achieve a 100% growth as
financial institutions have made home insurance obligatory for
housing loan approvals.
• Health insurance is poised to become the second largest business
for non-life insurers after motor insurance in next three years.
• A booming life insurance market has propelled the Indian life
insurance agents into the top 10 country list in terms of membership to
the Million Dollar Round Table (MDRT)
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PRESENT STRUCTURE OF INSURANCE INDUSTRY IN
INDIA
Private players:
1. Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance Co. Ltd.
2. Birla Sun Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (BSIL)
3. HDFC Prudential Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (HDFC STANDARD LIFE)
4. ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (ICICI PRU)
5. ING Vyasa Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (ING VYASA)
6. Max New York Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (MNYL)
7. Met Life India Insurance Co. Ltd. (METLIFE)
8. Kotak Mahindra Old Mutual Life Insurance Co. Ltd.
9. SBI Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (SBI Life)
10. TATA AIG Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (TATA AIG)
11. AMP Sanmar Assurance Co. Ltd. (AMP SANMAR)
12. Aviva Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (AVIVA)
13. Sahara India Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (SAHARA LIFE)
14. PNB Life Insurance
15. Reliance Life Insurance
16. Bharati Axa Life Insurance
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20
RELATED ACTS
The insurance sector went through a full circle of phases from being
unregulated to be completely regulated and now being partially
deregulated. It is governed by number of acts, with the first one being the
Insurance Act, 1938.
Even though the first legislation was enacted in 1938, it was only on 19th
January, 1956, that life insurance in India was completely nationalized
through the Life Insurance Corporation Act, 1956. There were 245
insurance companies of both Indian and foreign origin companies in
1956. The government acquiring the companies accomplished
nationalization. The Life Insurance Corporation of India was then formed
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Assurance, Oriental Insurance and United India Insurance headquartered
in each of the four metropolitan cities of India.
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LIFE INSURANCE PRODUCTS
1. Term loan: It provides death risk cover for a specified term only.
the end of the specified term or on early death. A money back plan,
where survival benefits become payable at definite interval, is also the
variant of endowment plan.
4. Annuities: They are the series of periodic payments to the annuities
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traditional products mainly in the form of unit linked products, which
have borrowed several beneficial features of mutual funds.
UNIT-LINKED INSURANCE
PLAN (ULIP)
24
UNIT-LINKED INSURANCE PLANS (ULIP)
Simply put, ULIPs are structured in such that the protection element and
the savings element are distinguishable, and hence managed according to
your specific needs. In this way, the ULIP plan offers unprecedented
flexibility and transparency.
ULIPs came into play in 1960s and became very popular in Western
Europe and America. The reason that is attributed to the wide spread
popularity of ULIP is because of the transparency and the flexibility
which it offers to the clients.
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As time progressed the plans were also successfully mapped along with
life insurance needs to retirement planning in today’s times ULIP
provides solution for all the needs of a client like insurance planning
financial needs financial planning for children’s future and retirement
planning
The number of units represents the policyholder’s share in the fund. The
value of the unit is determined by the total value of all the investments
made by the fund divided by the number of units.
If the insurance company offers a range of funds, the insured can direct
the company to invest in the fund of his choice. Insurers usually offer
three choices — an equity (growth) fund, balanced fund and a fund,
which invests in bonds.
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STRUCTURE OF ULIPs
Mortality Charge
The Mortality Charge will apply on the Sum at Risk (SAR = Sum
Assured less the Fund Value pertaining to regular premiums). It will be
deducted by monthly cancellation of units from the accumulation unit
account. The Mortality Charge shall remain guaranteed throughout the
policy term.
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any fund is 2% p.a. subject to prior approval by the IRDA.
Surrender Charge
This is the charge that applies when the policy is surrendered. It is equal
to 50% of the difference between regular premiums expected and those
paid in the first year of the contract.
Tax Benefits
Tax benefits will be as per Section 80C & Section 10(10D) of the Income
Tax Act, 1961. Insurance is tax free up to Rs. 100000 per annum and the
returns on investment on maturity of the policy are also tax free.
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Figure : Premium break -up under ULIPs
ADVANTAGES OF ULIPS
Customers have the flexibility to choose their life cover. Also the
customers have the choice of multiple fund options based on their risk
appetite, thereby enabling an investor to make the desired returns from
the investment.
A. Life protection
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• Market linked fund based on risk profile
• Switch option
• Premium redirection
• Automatic Transfer Plan(ATP)
C. Tax Planning
E. Transparency
I. Premium holiday
J. Allow Top-ups
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FACTORS INFLUENCING THE BUYING OF UNIT
LINKED INSURANCE PLAN (ULIPs)
Social Factor
Age and experience of policyholder are personal factors, while the co-
education is a social factor.
Economic Factor
Economic factors include occupation, income and wealth.
Psychological Factor
The psychological factors consist of perception, satisfaction about the
services rendered by insurance companies, the impact of advertisement
and personal selling made by insurance companies on policyholders.
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Company Related Variable
The company related variables are the promotional efforts to sell the
policies to prospective buyers. These include advertisement and personal
selling too.
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investment with fixed
interest instriments
COMPANY PROFILE
33
COMPANY PROFILE
The Parliament of India passed the Life Insurance Corporation Act on the
19th of June 1956, and the Life Insurance Corporation of India was
created on 1st September, 1956, with the objective of spreading life
insurance much more widely and in particular to the rural areas with a
view to reach all insurable persons in the country, providing them
adequate financial cover at a reasonable cost.
LIC had 5 zonal offices, 33 divisional offices and 212 branch offices,
apart from its corporate office in the year 1956. Since life insurance
contracts are long-term contracts and during the currency of the policy it
requires a variety of services need was felt in the later years to expand the
operations and place a branch office at each district headquarter. Re-
organization of LIC took place and large numbers of new branch offices
were opened. As a result of re-organization servicing functions were
transferred to the branches, and branches were made accounting units. It
worked wonders with the performance of the corporation. It may be seen
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that from about 200.00 crores of New Business in 1957 the corporation
crossed 1000.00 crores only in the year 1969-70, and it took another 10
years for LIC to cross 2000.00 crore mark of new business. But with re-
organization happening in the early eighties, by 1985-86 LIC had already
crossed 7000.00 crore Sum Assured on new policies.
Today LIC functions with 2048 fully computerized branch offices, 100
divisional offices, 7 zonal offices and the corporate office. LIC’s Wide
Area Network covers 100 divisional offices and connects all the branches
through a Metro Area Network.
From then to now, LIC has crossed many milestones and has set
unprecedented performance records in various aspects of life insurance
business.
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BUSINESS OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES OF LIC
• Spread Life Insurance widely and in particular to the rural areas
and to the socially and economically backward classes with a view
to reaching all insurable persons in the country and providing them
adequate financial cover against death at a reasonable cost.
• Maximize mobilization of people's savings by making insurance-
linked savings adequately attractive.
• Bear in mind, in the investment of funds, the primary obligation to
its policyholders, whose money it holds in trust, without losing
sight of the interest of the community as a whole; the funds to be
deployed to the best advantage of the investors as well as the
community as a whole, keeping in view national priorities and
obligations of attractive return.
• Conduct business with utmost economy and with the full
realization that the moneys belong to the policyholders.
• Act as trustees of the insured public in their individual and
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collective capacities.
• Meet the various life insurance needs of the community that would
arise in the changing social and economic environment.
• Involve all people working in the Corporation to the best of their
capability in furthering the interests of the insured public by
providing efficient service with courtesy.
• Promote amongst all agents and employees of the Corporation a
sense of participation, pride and job satisfaction through discharge
of their duties with dedication towards achievement of Corporate
Objective.
MISSION/VISION OF LIC
Mission:
"Explore and enhance the quality of life of people through financial
security by providing products and services of aspired attributes with
competitive returns, and by rendering resources for economic
development."
Vision:
"A trans-nationally competitive financial conglomerate of significance to
societies and Pride of India."
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PRODUCT SEGMENTS OF LIC
Individual Products
Life Insurance Corporation realizes that not everyone has the same kind
of needs. Keeping this in mind, it has a varied range of products that you
can choose from to suit all your needs. These will help secure your future
as well as the future of your family. These are:
1. Profit Plus:
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Four types of investment Funds are offered. Premiums paid after
allocation charge will purchase units of the Fund type chosen. The Unit
Fund is subject to various charges and value of units may increase or
decrease, depending on the Net Asset Value (NAV).
Features:-
This is a unit linked pension plan wherein the pension is payable after a
specified period. Four types of investment Funds namely Bond, Secured,
Balanced and Growth Fund are offered. Though primarily a Pension
product, the plan has many attractive features and options, which make it
an ideal Retirement solution for the future.
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Features:-
3. Fortune Plus
Features:-
40
4. Money Plus-I
This is a unit linked Endowment plan with regular premium paying term,
which offers investment cum insurance during the term of the policy.
You can choose the level of cover within the limits, which will depend on
the level of premium you agree to pay.
Features:-
41
5. Child Fortune Plus
All of us wish to ensure the best possible future for our children. With the
cost of education sky rocketing, it is all the more important that an early
provision is made to ensure that your loved ones get a good head start in
life. LICs Child Fortune Plus is a total solution to their education and
other needs. The plan is a unit linked one offering the prospects of long
term capital appreciation.
Features:-
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43
PERFORMANCE OF ULIP FUNDS OF LIC
44
45
OBJECTIVE & SCOPE OF
PROJECT
46
OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
47
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
48
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Step: 1
Developing a right research design and timeline for the project.
Step: 2
Collecting Secondary data of the insurance Industry
Step: 3
Designing of the Questionnaire
Step: 4
Analysis of secondary data
Step: 5
Collection of primary data-Questionnaires and internet surveys
Step: 6
Analysis of primary data
Step: 7
Interpretation of the results
Step: 8
Preparation of the final report
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SOURCES OF DATA
There are two types of data used. They are primary and secondary data.
Primary data is defined as data that is collected from original sources for
a specific purpose. Secondary data is data collected from indirect sources.
(Source: Research Methodology, By C. R. Kothari)
Primary Data:
The primary data was collected by a survey based on the questionnaire. It
was formulated on the basis of information carefully gathered by me
about the various mindsets of the people. This questionnaire was mainly
formulated to target the common man to see his perception and
awareness of various investment options available.
Sample Size:
The sample size for the survey conducted was 50 respondents.
Sampling Technique:
Random sampling technique was used in the survey conducted.
Study Area:
The samples referred to were residing in Delhi City.
Secondary Data:
The secondary data was collected directly from the companies and their
websites and internet surveys. Also a lot of similar research studies and
journals have been referred to.
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LITERATURE STUDY
Till today a lot of research has been done on the Indian insurance
industry especially the life insurance sector. The material for this study
was collected from various internet sites, journal sand books by various
authors.
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LIMITATIONS
53
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
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DATA ANALYSIS
&
INTERPRETATION
55
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
We have done a detailed survey in Delhi city to understand and study the
consumers’ responses. The primary data was collected through
questionnaires. This questionnaire was mainly formulated to target the
common man to see his perception and awareness of various investment
options available. The sample size of the survey was 50. Out of these 34
were male and 16 were female. The sample of respondents was carefully
selected covering people in all age groups and with different backgrounds
and occupations. The analysis of these questionnaires gives us an insight
about the mindset of people regarding various investments. Customer
preferences as to where they would like to invest have been studied. Also
we come to know about the preferences given by customers towards
various top life insurance companies and their reasons for it.
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1. Break-up of respondents between different age groups.
18-30 19 38%
30-50 26 52%
>50 5 10%
Total 50 100%
Interpretation:
The sample included respondents from all the age groups out of which
people in the age group 18-40 constituted around 70%.
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2. Break-up of respondents by their occupations.
Interpretation:
The sample of respondents was heterogeneous with people of various
occupations right from government service to ones who were self
employed. Out of these people who were working in private companies
constituted round 65%.
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3. Break-up of respondents based on their preferences for
various savings instruments.
Interpretation:
The customers’ preferences for different forms of savings have been
carefully studied the main savings instruments generally preferred by
customers are bank deposits, fixed deposits, investments and post office
schemes. Out of these Investments has been preferred by around 43%
respondents and fixed deposits by around 27%.
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4. Break-up of respondents based on preferences for various
forms of investment.
Interpretation:
The various forms of investments generally preferred by customers have
been identified as mutual funds, stocks and shares, insurance products
and government bonds. Out of these around 35% preferred stocks and
shares and around 20% preferred insurance products.
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5. Break-down of respondents who own insurance policies in
various life insurance companies.
Interpretation:
61
6. Break-down of respondents who rated risk involved in
ULIPs.
Interpretation:
62
7. Break-down of respondents who own insurance policies in
various life insurance companies.
Interpretation:
63
CONCLUSIONS
&
RECOMMENDATIONS
64
CONCLUSIONS
65
RECOMMENDATIONS
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ANNEXURE
67
QUESTIONNAIRE
(This questionnaire is only for the sake of some research work being done on
insurance companies. Confidentiality would be maintained.)
Q2. Gender:
Q4. Qualification:
Q5. Occupation:
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Below 150000 150000-250000 250000-350000
Q11. Do you agree that Insurance products are susceptible to very low risk when
compared to the other options for investment?
Q12.
69
Q13.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Websites:
http://www.licindia.com http://www.irdaindia.org
http://www.financialexpress.com
http://wealth.moneycontrol.com
http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/Personal-Finance/Insurance/Life-
insurance-industry
http://www.marketsmonitor.com
http://www.quickmba.com/marketing/research
http://www.moneycontrol.com
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