Professional Documents
Culture Documents
.First of all … this lec. Is the first one after mid exam ●
to be honest there are some announcements about dental
anatomy mid exam which we have already examined… then the
Dr. discussed modification in oral histology and oral physiology
exam marks which we know them
In dental anatomy and occlusion material there will be 10
..marks for carving teeth, quizzes and our note books
dentinogenesis
Slide #1
Slide #4
We know that ameloblasts are development of IEE ( internal
enamel epithelium) and there's interaction between IEE and
. peripheral cells of dental papilla
Note
.The answer is NO
That means when organic matrix is laid down then it will immediately
calcified intiately, but in dentinogenesis calcification process will be after
24 hrs. of laying down of organic matrix so it's not immediate so.. firstly
, organic matrix laid down then after 24 hrs. it will be calcified and so on
And this will lead to form layers in dentin and something else which is
.called * pre-dentin
.pre-dentin: new layers that has been laid down but not minerlizied yet
Cells that form dentin are called odontoblast cells … their origin is from
neuralm crest cells which are ectomesenchymal cells and they are
named so because of their migration from ectoderm layer to mesoderm
layer in head region( cephalic end)
Slide # 4
If dental papilla is isolated alone and put in tissue culture there will be
no tooth formation and if this done to enamel organ the result is the
.…same
-
Basement membrane of IEE seems to be important for -
.odontoblasts differentiation as it undergoes time limited changes
BM is membrane that separates between IEE and dental papilla …
when this mem. Is disappeared it allow for the interaction to be
.done
?Do you remember the mechanism of amelogenesis
BM separates between IEEand pre-odontoblast cells , but when
secretion of enamel takes place the BM disappeares in maturation
.stage then appear again in transitional stage
. When BM disappeares it allow the translation of signals
There will be an involvement ofg rowth factors ;
……………TGF,IGF
NO need to memorize them just you have to know that growth "
.factors are impotant in this interaction
Slide # 5
This is IEE cells…. Pointed on the low columnar cells and this is
peripheral dental papilla cells .as you notice here this peripheral
dental papilla cells starts to divide into two cells ; one of them still
in contact and the other one goes deep to the core and the other
one goes deep to the core of dental papilla as you see in # 3
may you ask your self.. what is the stimulation that stimulates ?
?this division
The stimulation is signals transplated from IEE to peripheral cells
of dental papilla stimulate them to divide into two cells ; one of as
we said remains in contact ( pre-odontoblast) and the other goes
…deeply
… Guys.. I want to imphasize the principle of interaction
Interaction process is two-wayed process ……….. the first way is
signals from IEE to peripheral cells of dental papilla induce them
to differentiate into pre-odontoblast , the other way that pre-
… odontoblast cells send signals to IEE to be ameloblast
.…I think the idea of this interaction is fully understood now
??when does pre-odontoblast become odonto blast??
.When they start to form dentin
The first part of dentine is formed…. So the first layer of dentine is
formed…as you see in #5, after the first layer of dentine is
.formed ,ameloblast start to secrete enamel… #6
When cells start to form dentin they move from their original
place and keeps process as an extension, this extension is
odontoblastic process , so these cells as they go away from
dentine layers (which they produce )they left process as you see in
.# 6 and # 7
As you notice that initially there will be more than one
odontoblastic process , but later on then all combine to be one
.process
Q&A
?What the purpose of division as you said in # 3
But in healthy
Dr. Ashraf emphasized that this Q.is important … there are
people who
few undifferentiated cells that go deeply in the
they take care
core of the dental papilla these cells will
differentiate into odontoblasts and lay down new about the
dentine layers when the tooth is subjected to injury health of their
so having these undifferentiated cells in the pulp teeth and there
prevent caries( for example ) from reaching into is no caries they
.the pulp by forming new dentine layers conserve these
un
differentiated
cells because there is no need to form new-dentine layer
Slide # 6
Slide # 7
.………Cytodifferentiation of odontoblasts
-Differentiation cells are found at peripheral of dental papilla
Upon division the daughter cells in contact wit BM become pre--
odotoblast and the other cells seek deeply and become
.undifferentiated untill there is need to be differentiated
-.Pre-odontoblasts become odontoblast
Differentiation starts at the cusp( incisal) edges then to the -
.margin of the tooth
Slide # 8
This slide demonostrates the changes that indicates activation and
. differentiation
-:At the first I want to give some notes
Cytodifferentiation of cells is same as histodifferentiation of cells
which means internal changes within the cells which lead to
.differentiation
-Hypertrophy: increasing in the size
-.Basically locate nuclei :nuclei are away from BM
:Cells hypertrophy and nuclei located basically
The cells get increasind in their size and nuchei located basically -
( as in ameloblasts too)because these cells are going to form
vesicles, so the nuclei get further away from BM to form enough
space for vesicles formation in the cytoplasm which will be
.secreted
Golgi complex become pronounced above the nuclei and the -
complex is an evidence that the cells are active in theprotein
.synthesis
RER ( rough endoplasmic reticulum ) increases in size and flattens-
.parallel to long axis of the cell
Mitochondria : its presence is important because there is need to -
.get energy for building protein up
Redistribution of intracellular skeleton : cells becomr elongated -
)?( so the intracellular skeleton will be disapper
Slide # 9
.This slide is the comp. of the previous one
Small sell process extend toward BM of IEE , that indicates that -
dentin has tubules, but enamel not….. that means that dentine is
more permeable than enamel, so Why caries is faster in dentine
?than in enamel
Because dentin is porous because of the presence of these -
tubules ( odontoblstic process are in these tubules ) where enamel
.is more solid than dentin because it doesn't have these tubules
As we said previously " number of processes is reduces and only -
"one will be dominates
Tight / gap junction and desmosomes exist between -
odontoblastic, also they are linked with sub odontoblastic cells ( as
.in ameloblasts they are linked desmosomes)
Slide # 10
deposition of dentin matrix.
The first part of dentine which deposits is called dentine matrix -
( organic material)
?what are the components of organic materials in dentine ?
Basically, collagen is the basic component of organic material and
the other components are phosphoprotein, proteoglycan,
.glycoprotein( sialoprotein), lipid, serum-derived proteins and GFs
But in the enamel…… the major component material is -
amelogenin and non-amelogenin….. that means that proteins that
.are secreted from enamel and dentin is different
Slide # 11
note
Slide # 11
So any time… the last part of dentin is soft and unmineralized untill
.24hrs
When the last formed layer of dentine is lost that indicates that the
dentin is vital, but when all dentin is odontoblast that means that this
tooth undergoes pulpectomy ( removing of pulp) when pulpectomy
.occurred the last layer is minerlized
And the illness will affect too… even if when he is embryo and
.his mother is patient
Slide# 15 Kl;l;
slide # 17
Slide # 18
Matrix vesicle mineralization : the mechanism in
which mantle dentin( FIRST LAYER FORMED) is
mineralized " THIS MECHANISM IS NOT INCLUDED
" IN THE EXAM
Slide # 19
:Important note
SLIDE # 21
Slide # 22
We know that dentine have tubules …. Within these
tubules there are odontoblastic processes
Peritubular dentine: dentine surrounds the tubules and -
.form their walls
Inter-tubular dentine: dentine between the tubules and -
.it's different from peritubular dentine
:In peritubular dentine
-Small crystals in an amorphous matrix
Product of odontoblasts and plasma proteins that have -
.diffused along the cell membrane
With age progression these tubules will decrease in size
specially near root apices until tubular occlusion ..Why
??? ?these tubules decrease in their size
Dentine and pre-dentin are formed continuously in -1
.the inner part of pulp
Odontoblast cells form dentine in the wall of these -2
.tubules so these factors affect their size
:Note
:Important note
Do you remember when we discussed about formation
of odontoblast? When we said that there will be part
of the undifferentiated cells go deeply in the pulp
?core
Tertiary dentine will be formed by these cells when
there is need to …. BUT these cells don't have
phosphophoryn so mineralization which is done by
.…these cells will be weak
dentine
Slide #2
.
Slide # 3
:Physical properties
.dentine is pale yellow in color not white as in enamel -
Slide # 4
Collagen fibers run parallel to pulp surface and they are not in -
.. bundles as in large collagen fibers
Fibers are larger and more closely packed in mineralized dentine than in
.pre-dentine
.Finally these are quiz Qs. Which is given at the end of the lec