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LINEAR PROGRAMMING

Project Guide: Group Members:

Shraddha Chauhan 46 R.K.SINGH Kalyani Shah Purvi Shah Jalpa Bhuvir 14 39 11

Linear Programming
The Linear Programming Problem (LPP) is a class of mathematical programming in which the functions representing the objectives and the constraints are linear. Here, by optimization, we mean either to maximize or minimize the objective functions. The general linear programming model is usually defined as follows: Maximize or Minimize Z = c1 x1 + c2 x 2 + - - - - -cn x n

Basic assumptions of L.P.P


y

1. Linearity: Both objective function and constraints must be expressed as linear inequalities. 2. Deterministic: All coefficient of decision variables in the objective and constraints expressions should be known and finite. 3. Additivity: The value of objective function for the given values of decision variables and the total sum of resources used, must be equal to sum of the contributions earned from each decision variable and the sum of resources used by decision variables respectively. 4. Divisibility: The solution of decision variables and resources can be any nonnegative values including fractions.

Example
y

A firm engaged in producing 2 models, viz., Model A and Model B, performs only 3 operations painting, assembly and testing. The relevant data are as follows:
Unit sale Hours Required price For Each Unit Assembly Modal A Rs.50.00 1.0 Planting 0.2 Testing 0.0

Modal B Rs.80.00

1.5

0.2

0.1

Total number of hours available each week are as under assembly 600, painting 100, testing 30. y The firm wishes to determine the weekly product mix so as to maximize revenue. We can solve the L.P.P.
y y

Maximize Z = 50x1 + 80x2 Subject to the constraints 1.0x1 + 1.5x2 < 600 0.2 x1 + 0.2x2 < 100 0.0x1 + 0.1x2 < 30 and x1 >0 , x2 >0

Solution
1.0X1+1.5X2 = 600 If X1 = 0 1.5X2 = 600 X2 = 400 0.2X1 + 0.2X2 = 100 If X1 = 0 0.2 X2 = 100 X2 = 500 if X2 = 0 1.0 X1 = 600 X1 = 600

if X2 = 0 0.2 X1 = 100 X1 = 500

0.0X1 + 0.1X2 = 30 If X1 = 0 0.1X2 = 30 X2 = 300


y

if X2 = 0 0.0 X1 = 30 X1 = ~

1.0X1+1.5X2 = 600 (0.2X1 +0.2X2 = 100) * 5 1.5X2 1.0X2 = 600-500 0.5X2 = 100 X2 = 200

1.0X1+1.5X2 = 600 1.0X1 + 1.5(200) = 600 1.0X1 + 300 = 600 1.0X1 = 300 X1 = 300 (0.0X1 + 0.1X2 = 30) * 15 1.0X1+ 1.5X2 = 600 1.0X1 - 0 = 150 X1 = 150/ 1.0 X1 = 150

1.0X1+ 1.5X2 = 600 1.0(150) = 1.5X2 = 600 1.5X2 = 600-150 X2 = 450 / 1.5 X2 = 300

Z = 50 X1 + 80 X2 At A = 50(0) + 80(0) =0 At B = 50(0) + 80(300) = 24000 At E = 50(500) + 80(0) = 25000 At G = 50(300) + 80(200) =15000+16000 =31000 At H = 50(150) + 80(300) =7500+24000 = 31500 .

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