Summary of The Islamic Fiqh Tuwajre 02

KziAvb I mybvi AvjvK
(c_g L)
! %
+ %
gynvv` Beb Beivnxg AvzIqvBwRix
:<
B @
Avey Avngv` mvBdzxb ejvj

c_g cKvk: 1431wn: 2010 Bs
(me^Z MKvi KZK msiwZ)

Abyev` cwil`
Avey Avngv` mvBdyxb ejvj
Avj-Avnmv BmjvwgK mUvi-ndzd
wjmv-g`xbv B: we: nv`xm wefvM
gynv` Avyi ie Avddvb

Mvieyxiv BmjvwgK mUvi-wiqv`
wjmv-g`xbv B: we: `vIqv wefvM

*"#+ ,-) ! !"# $%& $ '"(

-

# ,-) ! !"# $%& $ '"(
gynv` Dgvi dviK Avyjvn

Avj-Avnmv BmjvwgK mUvi-ndzd

wjmv-g`xbv B: we: nv`xm wefvM

AvRgvj mvBb Avyb b~i

bZzb mvbvBqv BmjvwgK mUvi-wiqv`
*"#+ ,-) ! !"# $%& $ '"(
!
/"-#"# !.
wjmv-g`xbv B: we: kwiqv wefvM
"0 ,-) ! !"# $%& $ '"(
knx`yjvn Lvb Avyj gvbvb
# $%
mwì c _K evsjv`k gyevjM
,- $!*+ '()

%& #$ !"
wjmv-g`xbv B: we: `vIqv wefvM
# ,-) ! !"# $%& $ '"(
Bmjvgx wdKvn
m~Pxc

m~Pxc
bs
welq
cv
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
11. mv mR`v
12. RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq
gwnjvì gmwR` Mgbi weavb
13. BgvgwZi AvnKvg
Bgvgi wcQb cyil I gwnjvì jvBb nq -gyvwì QyU hvIqv ivKvZmg~ni KvRvi cwZ
Rygvi bvgvR I RvgvZ Qvovi IRimg~n
14. gvRyi (Ag) ewì mvjvZ
(K) Amy ewi mvjvZ
(L) gymvwdii mvjvZ
(M) fq-AvZ Aevi mvjvZ
15. Rygvi mvjvZ
15. bdj mvjvZ
(K) mybZ ivZev
wbwl mgqmg~n
(L) Zvnvyì mvjvZ
(M) weZii mvjvZ
(N) Zvivwei mvjvZ
(O) `yB Cì mvjvZ
(P) m~h I P`MnYi mvjvZ
(Q) mvjvZzj BwmKv (ewi Rb mvjvZ)
(R) PvkZi mvjvZ
(S) GLvivi mvjvZ
1
4
6
968
12
15
18
21
21
25
31
34
45
47
51
53
60
69
73
78
83
89
91
Bmjvgx wdKvn
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
KziAvb ZjvIqvZi mR`v

mR`vq K&i (KZZvi mR`v)
3-Rvbvhv Aavq
1. gZz I Zvi weavbmg~n
2. gvBqZi Mvmj
3. gvBqZi `vdb-mgvwa
4. gvBqZi Dci mvjvZ RvbvRv Av`vqi -5. gvBqZK enb I `vdb Kiv
6. kvK cKvk I mvbv `vb
7. Kei wRqviZ
4- RvKvZ Aavq
1. RvKvZi A_ I weavb Ges dwRjZ
2. mvbv-icvi RvKvZ
3. c mì RvKvZ
(1) gl I QvMji RvKvZi bmve
(2) Mii RvKvZi bmve
(3) DUi RvKvZi bmve
4. Kwl m` I gvwUi wbPi wRwbmi RvKvZ
5. eemv mvgMxi RvKvZ
6. RvKvZzj wdZ&i (wdZiv)
7. RvKvZ eiKiY
8. RvKvZi LvZmg~n
9. bdj `vb-LqivZ
5- wmqvg-ivRvi Aavq
1. wmqvgi A_, weavb I dwRjZ
2. wmqvgi AvnKvg
h mg wRwbm ivRvK web Ki `q--3. ivRvi mybZmg~n
m~Pxc
94
96
97
99
107
110
112
120
126
128
132
134
141
145
145
146
146
149
152
155
158
164
170
179
181
186
192
201
Bmjvgx wdKvn
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
jvBjvZzj Kìi dwRjZ

4. bdj ivRv
bex []-Gi ivRv I BdZvwii eYbv
ivRvi cKvi
bdj ivRvi cKvimg~n
5. GZKvd
6- nR I Dgivi Aavq
1. nRi A_, weavb I dwRjZ
2. nRi gxKvZmg~n
3. Bnivgi eYbv
4. wd`qv bvgK (Kvd&dviv)
5. nRi cKvimg~n
6. Dgivi A_ I weavb
7. Dgivi eYbv
8. nRi cwZ
9. nR I Dgivi AvnKvg
nRi ivKbmg~n
nRi IqvwRemg~n
bex []-Gi nRi eYbv
ev`cov I evavM nIqvi AvnKvg
10. gmwR` beexi wRqviZ
wZbwU gmwRì ewk
gmwR` beex wRqviZi weavb
Kzev gmwR` bvgvRi dwRjZ
11. nv`x, Kzievwb I AvKxKvi c
nv`x, Kzievwb I AvKxKvi ci kZmg~n
AvKxKvi weavb I RevB Kivi mgq
beRvZ wki Rbi mymsev` Ìqvi weavb
m~Pxc
203
206
206
207
208
213
217
219
229
233
243
250
253
254
261
272
272
272
280
290
292
293
294
296
297
298
302
303
Bmjvgx wdKvn
80 beRvZ wki bvg ivLvi mgq

81
PZz_ ce: jb`b
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
1. eemv-evwYR
Gev`Z I jb`bi ga cv_K
Pzwici cKvi
eemv gvbyli cKvi
eemv-evwYR we nIqvi kZvejx
RxweKvi PvweKvwV I Dcvq
jb`b mZZv I `vl-wU cKvk Kivi weavb
ea eemvi wKQy wP
wKQy nvivg evwYRi wP
kwiqZ nvivg ei cKvi
GRgvwj ei eemvi weavb
cvwb, Nvm I Avb wew Kivi weavb
wewZ cY Kg ev ewk nIqvi weavb
wew I fvov GK Kivi weavb
eemvqx `vKvb-cvU _K nvw`qv MnYi weavb
Akxj I envqv c-cwKv wew Kivi weavb
eemvwqK exgvi (Bbmyii) weavb
hv viv wZ nq Zv wewi weavb
eemvq kZ Kivi weavb
gvkvAvij nvivgi Kvb f~wg fvov ev wew--wKwZ wewi weavb
evMvb wewi weavb
gynvKvjvi weavb
gyRvevbvi weavb
Avivqv (`vbi wRwbm) wewi weavb
gvbyli Kvb Ask wew Kivi weavb
m~Pxc
303
305
307
307
308
308
310
316
323
324
324
327
327
328
328
328
329
329
329
330
330
330
330
331
332
332
332
332
Bmjvgx wdKvn
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
auvKvi A_
auvKvi eemv I Ryqv Ljvi weavb
auvKvi eemvi wechq
2. wLqvi (Pzw fi AwaKvi)
wLqvii cKvi
GKvjv ev Pzw Zzj bqv
3. mvjvg-AwMg q
q-weqi wKQy weavb
4. my`
myì weavb
myì kvw
myì cKvi
c wew Kivi weavb
gy`v e`j I wew Kivi weavb
5. FY
6. eK
7. Rvwgb`vix I `vwqZfvi MnY
8. FY cwikvai `vwqZ MnY
9. gxgvsmv-mw
10. wewabla AvivcKiY
11. IqvKvjwZ
12. Kvvbx
13. mkZ cvwb mP I eMvq Rwg Pvlvev`
14. fvov
15. cwZhvwMZvq weRqxK cyiZKiY
16. eenvii Rb e `vb
17. Rei`Lj
18. kwiKvbv Ask wew I mycvwik
m~Pxc
333
333
333
334
334
337
339
341
343
343
344
445
351
351
353
358
361
364
367
372
377
380
384
387
392
396
399
405
Bmjvgx wdKvn
m~Pxc
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
19. AvgvbZ
20. Abvevw` Rwg Pvl
21. cyiZ Kiv
22. Kzovbv e I wk
23. IqvK&d
24. nev I `vb-LqivZ
25. AwmqZ
26. `vm-`vmx gywKiY
cg ce: weevn I Zvi cwiwk
408
411
415
416
421
427
437
444
448
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
1. weevni Aavq
weevni dwRjZ
weevn eaKiYi wnKgZ
weevni weavb
x wbevPb
mevg bvix
GKvwaK weevn eaKiYi wnKgZ
weevni cqMvgi Rb wK Kie
weevni AvK` mnxn nIqvi wZbwU ivKb
weevn `qvi Rb bvixì AbygwZ bqvi weavb
weevni Lyrevi weavb
weevni fQv wewbgqi weavb
weevni kZmg~n
Awji Rb kZ
^vgx-xi wgjbi Dk
^vgx hLb evmi Ni xi wbKU cek Kie--^vgx-xi GK m Mvmj Kivi weavb
gynviivgvZ(h mKj bvixì weevn Kiv nvivg)
weevn-kvw`Z kZvejx
450
450
451
452
452
453
453
454
455
456
457
457
458
458
459
459
460
461
465
Bmjvgx wdKvn
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
weevni gvSi `vl-wU

Kvdiì mv_ weevn
weevni gvnivbv
weevni cPvi
weevn I Abvb mgq Qwe Zyjvi weavb
weevni Awjgv
^vgx-xi AwaKvi
^vgxi Dci xi AwaKvimg~n
xi cwZ ^vgxi AwaKvimg~n
xì gvS Bbmvdi wbqg
MvBi gynviivgv AcwiwPZ bvixi mv_ Kig`b
gvnivg cyil Qvov bvixi mdii weavb
kwiqZx c`vi cwZ
MfaviYi weavb
Rb wbqbi ewo-wcj eenvii wewa-weavb
Mf mviYi (Invetro Fertilijation)-viv evPv-xi MfaviY
xi AevaZv I Zvi wPwKrmv
2. ZvjvKi Aavq
ZvjvK eaKiYi wnKgZ
ZvjvKi gvwjK K
ZvjvKi weavb
ZvjvKi kmg~n
ZvjvKi cwZ
mybwZ I we`vwZ ZvjvK
ivRqx I evqb ZvjvK
3. ZvjvK Ìqv xK cybivq MnY
4. Lvjv ZvjvK
m~Pxc
469
471
474
477
478
481
485
485
486
489
491
493
493
495
495
495
496
498
502
502
503
503
504
505
508
512
515
519
Bmjvgx wdKvn
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
5. Cjv
6. wRnvi
7. wjAvb
8. BZ
9. `ya cvb Kivbv
10. wkì cwZcvjb
11. fiY-cvlYi `vwqZfvi
Lv` I cvbxq e cm
Lvì cfve
Lv`è I cvbxq ei g~j
Lvbv LvIqvi `vIqvZ w`j wK KiYxq
Lv` I cvbxq ei cKvi
LRyii dwRjZ
h mg RxeR I cvwL nvivg
nvivg wnsm wReRi cKvi
nvivg cvwLi cKvi
h mg c-cvwL nvjvj
hme Lv`è fY Kiv nvivg
gZ cvYx I ii ga hv nvjvj
Lv` wgwkZ Zji weavb
gj-g~ fYKvix ci MvkZ LvIqvi weavb
KLb nvivg wRwbm LvIqv ea
g`Kèi Kzg
g` cvbKvixi kvw
g`Kèi Rb hviv Awfk
Abi m` fYi weavb
nvivg cv cvbvnvi Kivi weavb
cv gvwQ coj Zvi mybZ wbqg
m~Pxc
523
525
529
533
540
543
545
551
552
552
554
554
555
555
556
556
556
557
558
559
559
559
560
560
561
5622
5622
562
Bmjvgx wdKvn
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
c RevB cm
hvKvn ev RevB I bnii cwZ
RevB I bni nIqvi kZvejx
gZ cvYxi cKvi
Avnj wKZvei RevBKZ c-cvwLi weavb
Avnj wKZvei RevBKZ wRwbm gymwjg KLbwkKvi LvIqvi weavb
Abi Rb c RevB Kivi weavb
RevB I nZvq Gnmvb Kivi wbqg
RevB I wkKvi Kivi mgq
wkKvi Kiv cm
wkKvi Kivi weavb
wkKvii Aevmg~n
wkKvi Kiv c nvjvj nIqvi kZmg~n
hv RevB Kiv meci bv Zvi RevB
KzKyi cvlvi weavb
wkKvix viv Lj-Zvgvkv Kivi weavb
cvLx viv evPvì Avb` `qvi weavb
l ce: divqR
1-wgivmi AvnKvg
divqR welq vbvRbi iZ
gvbyli Aevmg~n
DivwaKvii wfwmg~n
DivwaKvii KviYmg~n
DivwaKvii Rb kZvejx
DivwaKvii evavmg~n
DivwaKvii cKvi
DivwaKvixì cKvi
m~Pxc
563
563
563
564
564
565
565
565
565
566
568
5628
568
568
569
569
570
570
571
573
133
573
574
575
575
575
576
576
Bmjvgx wdKvn
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
KziAvb DjwLZ wbavwiZ Ask gvU 6wU

cyil DivwaKvixiv
bvixì gai Iqvwim
DivwaKvixì cKvi
2-wbavwiZ AskcvMY
(1) ^vgxi wgivm
(2) xi wgivm
(3) gvqi wgivm
(4) wcZvi wgivm
(5) `v`vi DivwaKvi
(6) `v`x-bvbxii DivwaKvi
(7) gqì DivwaKvi
(8) Qji gqì DivwaKvi
(9) Avcb evbì DivwaKvi
(10) egvq evbi DivwaKvi
(11) ewc fvBì DivwaKvi
wbavwiZ Askcvì wewfb gvmvqj
3. Avmvev Z_v AwbavwiZ AskcvMY
1.esk my AwbavwiZ AskcvMY gvU3 cKvi
Abi gvag eZxZ AwbavwiZ Askcv ---Abi gvaZvq AwbavwiZ Askcv eweM
Abi mv_ AwbavwiZ Askcv eweM
2. KviYmvc AwbavwiZ AskcvMY
wgivmi wKQy bxwZgvjv
4. ewZKiY
Avmvevi cjv
DivwaKvixì Aevmg~n
ewZ nIqv cKvi
m~Pxc
576
576
577
578
578
579
580
581
583
584
585
586
587
588
590
592
594
595
595
595
596
596
597
599
601
601
601
603
Bmjvgx wdKvn
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
ewi gvag ewZì bxwZgvjv

5. AsKi g~j msLv wbYq
6. cwiZ mw eb
7. AvIj ev Ask eo hvIqv
8. idiZ Ìqv
9. AvZxq-^Rbì wgivQ
10. cUi evPvi wgivQ
11. wnRovìi wgivQ
12. nvivbv (wb:ik) ewi wgivQ
13. Wye, wea I Abyic ewì wgivQ
14. nZvKvixi wgivQ
15. Agymwjgì wgivQ
16. bvixì wgivQ
mg ce: wKmvm I `wewa

1-Kmvm Aavq
1- Acivamg~n
(1) cvYbvki Aciva
(2) nZvi cKvi
(K) BQvKZ nZv
(L) BQvKZ nZvi Abyic
(M) fyjekZ: nZv
2- cvYnvbx Qvov hme Aciva
3- w`qvZmg~n (icY)
(1) cvYbvki w`qvZ ev icY
(2) A-cZ I RLgi icY
2- mvRv-`wewai Aavq
`wewai AvnKvg
m~Pxc
605
607
609
612
615
617
619
621
623
625
627
628
630
632
634
634
634
639
639
652
655
659
663
663
671
676
678
Bmjvgx wdKvn
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
137
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
327
328
329
`wewai cKvimg~n
`wewa-mvRv RvwiKiYi wnKgZ
cuvPwU Riwi wRwbmi msiY
`-mvRvi wdKvn-m~ eyS
`-mvRv Kvqg Kivi m~ eyS
Avjvn KZK kwiqZi `wewa I mvRvmg~n
Kmvm I `~ì ga cv_K
Kvi Dci `-mvRv Kvqg Kiv hve
mvRv evevqb KiZ ìx Kivi weavb
`-mvRv K Kvqg Kieb
gvi mxgvbvi wfZi mvRv Kvqg Kivi weavb
mvRvi PveyK gvivi cwZ
GKvwaK mvRv GK nj Zvi weavb
mvRvi PveyK gvivi cKvi
h ew ivcwZi wbKU mvRv ^xKvi Kie --wbRi I Abi `vl-wU Mvcb ivLvi ---`-mvRvi evcvi mycvwiki weavb
nZvKZ ewi RvbvRv bvgvRi weavb
`-mvRv Kvqg Kiv diR
`-mvRvi cKvi
1. ewfPvii `-mvRv
mgKvwgZv
n g_ybi weavb
2. Rbvi Acevì mvRv
3. Pzwi Kivi mvRv
4. ivnvRvwb, WvKvwZ, wQbZvB, moK-------5. we`vnxì `-mvRv
ZvRxi mvaviY kvw c`vb Kiv
m~Pxc
678
678
679
679
679
680
680
680
681
681
682
682
682
682
682
683
685
686
686
688
688
694
696
697
702
708
713
716
Bmjvgx wdKvn
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
bkvMi kvw
gv`Kèi weavb
AembKvix I Drmvn-Dwcbv wwgZKvix ----wiZ Z_v Bmjvg agZvM
kc_-Kmg-njd
bRi-gvbZ
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
1. KvRvi A_ I Zvi weavb

2. wePvi Kivi dwRjZ
3. wePvi Kivi fqvenZv
4. wePviKi Avè-AvLjvK
5. wePvi-dqmvjvi cwZ
6. `vwe I mv-cgvY
`vwe cgvY Kivi cwZ
(1) ^xKvi Kiv
(2) mv c`vb
(3) njd-kc_-Kmg
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
1. wRnvì A_, weavb I dwRjZ

2. wRnvì cKvi
3. Bmjvg wRnvì Avèmg~n
4. whwì mv_ PzwKiY
5. hy weiwZi mw
6. LjvdZ I AvgxivZ (miKvix bZZ)
Lvwjdvi AvnKvg
Lvwjdvi `vwqZ-KZemg~n
RvwZi cwZ IqvwRemg~n
Ag ce: wePvi-dqmvjv
beg ce: Avjvni ivn wRnv`
`kg ce: Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ-Avnvb
m~Pxc
721
726
726
728
733
742
748
750
754
757
760
765
767
772
772
773
779
782
784
795
798
812
819
822
822
834
838
845
Bmjvgx wdKvn
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
1. cwic~Y xb Bmjvg
meenr wbqvgZ
gvbyli KvR-Kgi wdKvn Z_v m~ eyS
2. gvbe mwi wcQb wnKgZ I inm
gvbyl h mKj i I chvq AwZg Ki
mg gLjyK mwi wnKgZ-inm
AvZvi cwic~Y bqvgZ
BnKvj I ciKvji m~ eyS
AvLivZi Zyjbvq `ywbqvi g~jvqb
mfvM I `~fvMi g~j
h DcKvix wRwbm ZvM Ki m wZKi ---3. Bmjvg agi evcKZv
h Bmjvg Qvov Ab Kvb xbi AbyMZ ne-4. Avjvni xbi w`K `vIqvZi dwRjZ
im~j ciY Ki Avjvni AbyMn
bex-im~jì Iqvhxdv Z_v KZe
n`vqZcvwi KviYmg~n
gvbe RvZxK `vIqvZ Kiv DZ gynv`xi--xbi Avgj `ywbqvi Avgj c~e Kiv
wKqgZ ch xb Bmjvgi vwqZ
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZi dwRjZ
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZi cvmg~n
5. Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ Kivi weavb
Avjvni w`K `vIqZi iZ
`vIqvZ Avii mgq
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ Kivi weavb
Avjvni Kvjgv ZvInx`K Dwbi cPv
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ Kiv IqvwRe
m~Pxc
847
849
855
857
857
859
862
862
864
866
868
869
873
877
877
878
879
880
882
883
884
885
889
889
889
890
892
894
Bmjvgx wdKvn
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
gymwjg Dvi `vwqZ

Avjvni c_ `vIqvZ ZvMi kvw
gymwjg bi-bvixi cwZ IqvwRe
kwiqZ jvKmvbi wdKvn-m~eyS
mgq nZ DcKZ nIqvi wdKvn-m~ eyS
AvnvbKZì cKvi, Zvì `vIqvZi cwZ
chvqg `vIqvZ Bjvjvn Kiv
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZKvixi Aevmg~n
`vqv I `vIqvZK Rgv Kiv
eZgvb `vIqvZx KvR Avvg`vZvì cKvi
6. bex-im~jMYi `vIqvZi bxwZgvjv
bex-im~jMYi `vIqvZi i
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ Dg bgybv
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ bex-im~jMYi mxivZ
`vIqvZi ci gvbyli Aevmg~n
bex-im~j I Zuvì Abymvixì Kvhvw`
bex-im~jMYi `vIqvZi wKQy bxwZgvjv
Dcmsnvi
m~Pxc
895
897
899
901
902
903
908
910
911
913
914
914
915
916
917
918
919
960
mvjvZ Aavq
mv mR`v
11- mv mR`v
mv mR`v: diR ev bdj bvgvR em `ywU mR`vi ci Kvb
eVK QvovB `yB w`K mvjvg wdivbvK ej|
mv mR`v weavb KiYi nKgZ:
fyji je wnmveB Avjvn gvbylK mw KiQb| kqZvb
Kvb wKQz evovbv ev Kgvbv ev m`ni viv h Kvb fveB nvK
bv Kb gvbyli bvgvR b Kivi cPvq me`v cZ| ZvB Avjvn
Zvqvjv mv mR`vi G weavb `vb KiQb; hb kqZvbi G
cPv e_ nq, Ac~Y bvgvR c~iY nq Ges cig KiYvgq Avjvn
ivwR nb|
bex [] _K bvgvR fyj nqQ; KviY GUv gvbyli ^fvei
Pvwn`v| ZvB hLb wZwb bvgvR fyj KiwQjb, ZLb wZwb
ejb:
.."/ 012& .

!"#$&% ' (
) *+
wbqB Avwg Zvgvì gZB GK Rb gvbyl| Zvgiv hgb fyj

hvI AvwgI Zgb fyj hvB| myZivs hw` Avwg fyj hvB, Zvnj
Zvgiv AvgvK iY Kwiq wÌ|1
mv mR`vi KviY 3wU: ewk, Kg I m`n nIqv|
mv mR`vi Pvi Aev:
1. hw` gymwj bvgvRi Kvb KvR fyj evwoq dj, Zvnj Zvi
Dci mv mR`v IqvwRe|
hgb wKqvg (`vuovbv), ev iKz ev mR`v hgb: `yBevi iKz Kiv
A_ev emvi mgq bv em DV hvIqv A_ev Pvi ivKvZ bvgvR cvuP
ivKvZ Av`vq Kiv BZvw`| G mKj KvR fyj ewk nq Mj
bvgvRi mvjvgi ci mv mR`v KiZ ne| fyji iY mvjvg
wdivbvi AvM nvK ev ci nvK, mv mR`v mvjvg wdivbvi
1
. eyLvix nvt bs 401 k ZviB gymwjg nvt bs 572
mvjvZ Aavq
mv mR`v
ciB Kie|
2. hw` gymwj bvgvRi Kvb ivKb fyj hvq Avi hw` cii
ivKvZ mB ivKb Avmvi AvMB iY nq, Zvnj c~ei ivKvZ
wdi Gm D ivKb c~iY Kie| Avi hw` cii ivKvZ mB
ivKb ch cuQvi ci iY nq Zvnj Zvi c~ei ivKvZ evwZj
nq hve| Avi hw` mvjvg wdivbvi ci iY nq, Zvnj mB
ivKb I Zvi cii KvR jv c~iY Ki mvjvgi ci mv mR`v
Kii| Avi hw` bvgvRi ga Kvb KvR QzU hvq Ges mvjvg
wdwiq dj| hgb : Pvi ivKvZ wewk bvgvR hw` fyj GK
ivKvZ QzU hvq Ges wZb ivKvZ Av`vq Kivi ci mvjvg wdiq
dj Ges mvjvg ciB Zv eySZ cvi, Zvnj bZzb Ki
ZKwei Zvnwigv Qvov aygv bvgvRi wbqZ evwK ivKvZB Av`vq
Kie Ges kl eVK Ki AvvwnqvZz I ì` BZvw` co mvjvg
wdive| Zvi ci mv mR`v Kie|
3. hw` gymwji bvgvR fyjg Kvb IqvwRe QzU hvq hgb: hw`
KD c_g eVK KiZ fyj hvq; Zvnj mvjvgi c~eB mv
mR`v Ki wbe|
4. gymwj hw` Zvi ivKvZi msLvq m`n Ki| hgb: wZb
ivKvZ, bv Pvi ivKvZ? Zvnj Kg msLv A_vr wZb ivKvZ ai
evwK ivKvZ c~iY Kie Ges mvjvgi c~eB mv mR`v Kie|
wK hw` m`ni cvjv Kvb GK w`K fvwi nq, Zvnj Zvi Dci
wfw Ki Avgj Kie Ges mvjvgi ci mv mR`v Kie|
hw` bvgvRi Kvb KvR bvgvRi Ab Kvb vb ew Ki
`q, Zvnj Zvi bvgvR evwZj ne bv Ges GZ mv mR`vI
IqvwRe ne bv| Ze G mv mR`v Kiv Dg|
hgb: iKzZ ev mR`vZ KziAvb cvV Kiv, ùvovbv (wKqvg)
Aevq AvvwnqvZz cov BZvw`|
Bgvgi m bvgvR Av`vq Kivi mgq Kvb IRii KviY hw`
gyv`x bvgvRi Kvb ivKb ev Zvi Pq ewk Ask Av`vq
mvjvZ Aavq
mv mR`v
Bgvgi wcQ co hvq, Zvnj m Ac~Y Ask Av`vq Ki

Bgvgi mv_ wgwjZ ne|
mv mR`vq wK eje:
mv mR`vZ bvgvRi mR`vi gZB `vqv coe|
bvgvR cwic~Y nIqvi c~e hw` fyj mvjvg wdwiq `q Ges
m m Zv iY nq, Zvnj evwK Ask c~iY Ki Avevi
mvjvg wdive| AZ:ci mv mR`v Kie| Avi hw` KLbv
mv mR`v KiZ fyj hvq Ges mv mR`v QvovB mvjvg
wdwiq bvgvR weivax Kvb KvR, hgb: K_vevZv ejv BZvw`
Ki dj, Zvnj c_g mv mR`v Kie, Zvici mvjvg
wdive|
hw` `ywU mv mR`v Kiv Riix nq hvi GKwU mvjvgi c~e
Avi AciwU mvjvgi ci Zvnj GgZvevq ay gv mvjvgi
c~e mv mR`v Kie|
gvme~K (hvi mvjvZi wKQy Ask QyU MQ) gymwj KLb mv
mR`v Kie:
gyvw` me`v Bgvgi mv_ mv mR`v Kie| wK hw`
gyvw` gvme~K nq Ges Bgvg mvne mvjvgi ci mv mR`v
Kib Ggb nq, Zvnj Bgvg mvne h fyji KviY mv mR`v
KiQb Zv gvme~K bvgvR cek Kivi AvMi fyj bv cii fyj?
ceki cii fyji KviY mv mR`v nj mvjvgi ci gvme~K
mv mR`v Kie| Avi hw` ceki AvMi fyji KviY mv
mR`v nq, Zvnj gvme~K Zvi evwK bvgvR c~Y Kivi ci Zvi cwZ
mv mR`v Kiv Riix bq|
mvjvZ Aavq
RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq
12- RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq

RvgvZ mvjvZ wewaweavbi nKgZ:
RgvZ bvgvR Av`vq Bmjvg AbZg gnvb `k hv divMY
mvwie nq Gev`Zi mv_ mv`k ivL| GUv gvbyli ciii
ga vZZ, cwiPq jvf, mnbkxjZvi GKwU KviY Ges
gymjgvbì mvb, kw I GKZvi GKwU wb`kb|
gymjgvbì mePq eo RgvqZ:
Avjvn Zvqvjv gymwjgì Rb wewfb wbw` mgq mwwjZ
nIqvi weavb `vb KiQb| mvwnK RgvqZ Rygvi Rb mgeZ
nIqv| wKQz RgvqZ Avevi eQi `yBevi cwZwU `kB nq _vK
hgb: `yB C`| Avi wKQy mwjb AvQ hv eQi GKevi mgM
weki gymwjgi Rb| hgb: Avivdvi gq`vb nvwRMYi wek
mwjb| Avevi KLbv KLbv mwwjZ nQ Aevi cwieZbi
mgq, hgb ew cv_bvi I P` ev m~h MnYi bvgvR mgeZ
nIqv|
RvgvZ bvgvR Av`vqi weavb:
cwZwU cveq cyil gymwjg hvi gmwR` hvIqvi kw AvQ
Zvi Rb gmwR` RvgvZ bvgvR Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe| Avi GB
RvgvZ bvgvR Av`vqi weavb cvuP Iqv bvgvRi Rb; Zv mdi
Aevq nvK ev evwoZ _vKv Aevq nvK, wbivc` Aevq nvK
ev fqi ga nvK|
gmwR` RvgvZ bvgvR Av`vqi dwRjZ:
A"B? :< = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 < >; 4 8/ 9 :; / 3 ) .% 4"5 6% 7 / 3 /
3 GB(/% N
H BO
) : DBG; M .DC E ; F 3 G(
/% IH 7
) 1 5# A "?
JK#1 D% / L
5#
.."/ 012& .DC E

; F
1. Beb Dgvi _K ewYZ im~jyjvn [`:] ejb:GKvKx bvgvRi

Pq RvgvZi bvgvRi dwRjZ mvZvk Y ekx| Ab eYbvZ
mvjvZ Aavq
RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq
cuwPk Y ekx|1
.% 2% ) % *8Q 3 & : 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>; < =:< = ./ 9 :; A G P ) 3 /
P 6BS+ T Q# U

.% 4"5 V
W% 3 &% DC K
G K
% X# 5% .% 4"5 Y
% ) 3 &%
Z ) 5+ (& *R
."& .EU .DC E

; F I [U \#5 DC ]%QU _
^`

2. Avey ivBiv (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb im~jyjvn [`:]

ejQb: h ew Avjvni Kvb diR Av`vqi Rb Ni Ihy Ki
Avjvni Kvb Nii (gmwR`) w`K iIqvbv nq, Zvi cwZwU `yB
avci c_gwU viv GKwU bvn gvd nq hvq Ges AciwUi viv
Zvi GKwU ghv`v ew Kiv nq|2
6% L

5# 5+ 6b 3 & :<= . 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
a7*5 3 / ./ 9 :; A G P ) 3 /
.."/ 012&.c
; 6b 4"
C5d D% *L
5# % . 5 . 4"5 *6/ c
;
3. Avey ivBiv (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb im~jyjvn [`:]

ejQb: h ew mKvj ev weKvj gmwR` Mgb Ki, Avjvn
Zvi Rb RvbvZ gngvb `vwii (AwZw_i mevi) eev Kib
hLb m mKvj ev weKvj Mgb Ki|3
Kv_vq RvgvZe mvjvZ Av`vq Kie:
wbRi Avevm vbi gnjvi gmwR` bvgvR Av`vq KivB
gymwjgi Rb Dg| Gici h gmwR` ewk eo RvgvZ nq
mLvb| Gici h gmwR` ewk `~i mLvb| G Qvov gv
kixdi gmwR`yj nvivg, bex [`:] -Gi gmwR` gmwR` beex I
gmwR` AvKmv (wdwjwbi evBZzj gvKw`m gmwR`)| G wZbwU
gmwR` bvgvR Av`vq Kiv mevevq Dg|
gmwR` wZxq RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv RvqR| mxgvi
cnixì Rb Kvb GK gmwR` mevB wgj mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv
Dg| Ze GKwZ nIqvZ hw` kì Avgbi fq nq,
1
eyLvix nvt bs 645gymwjg nvt bs 650 nv`xmi k jv eyLvixi

.gymwjg nvt bs 666
3
. eyLvix nvt bs 662 I gymwjg nvt bs 669 nv`xmi e kjv gymwjgi
2
mvjvZ Aavq
RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq
Zvnj cZK wbR wbR vb mvjvZ Av`vq Ki wbe|

gwnjvì gmwR` Mgbi weavb:
gwnjì Rb gmwR` bvgvR nvwRi nIqv ea, hw` Zv
cyilì _K myY Avjv`v I cwic~Y c`vi mv_ nq| cyilì
_K m~Y Avjv`v Ki gwnjvì RvgvZ Kiv RvqR| PvB Bgvg
Kvb gwnjv nvK ev Kvb cyil nvK|

f ! \# 2> + :< = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
e5 3/ 8/ 9 :; / 3 ) 3 /
.."/ 012&.*38 5 \# 6% E

5# 5+
Beb Dgvi (iv:) nZ ewYZ AvQ , wZwb bex [] _K eYbv

Kib h, bex ejQb:hw` gwnjviv Zvgvì wbKU gmwR`
Mgbi AbygwZ Pvq, Zvnj Zvgiv ZvìK AbygwZ w`q `vI|1
RvgvZi Rb mePq Kg msLv:
RvgvZi mePq Kg msLv nQ `yB Rb| Avi hLb RvgvZi
jvK msLv ewk ne ZLb Zvi bvgvRi Rb AwaK cwiKvix I
Avjvni wbKU AwZ wcq ne|
h GKvKx mvjvZ Av`vqi ci RvgvZ cve Zvi weavb:
h ew wbR vb diR bvgvR Av`vqi ci gmwR` cek
Ki gymwjMYK bvgvRiZ Aevq cve Zvi Rb mybZ njv:
Zvì mv bvgvR kwiK nIqv| G bvgvR Zvi Rb bdj nq
hve| Avi h ew Bgvgi m gmwR` RvgvZ Ki bvgvR
Av`vqi ci Ab Kvb gmwR` cek Ki gymwjì bvgvRiZ
Aevq cj Zvi weavbI Abyic|
diR bvgvRi GKvgZ nq Mj diR bvgvR Qvov Avi Ab
Kvb mvjvZ cov hve bv| hw` Kviv bdj bvgvR Av`vq Kivi
mgq GKvgZ nq hvq, Ze nvjKv Ki bdj c~iY Ki
ZKwei Zvnwigv cvIqvi Rb RvgvZ kvwgj ne|
1
.eyLvix nvt bs 865 gymwjg nvt bs 442 nv`xmi kjv gymwjgi
mvjvZ Aavq
RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq
RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv _K `~i _vKvi weavb:

KD hw` gmwR` RvgvZ bvgvR Av`vq Kiv _K wcQ co
hvq Avi m Kvb gvh~i ew Z_v Zvi IRi _vK hgb: ivM
wKsev fq BZvw`, Zvnj h RvgvZ bvgvR coQ Zvi mgcwigvY
ZvK mIqve Ìqv ne| Avi hw` Kvb IRi QvovB RvgvZ ZvM
Ki GKvKx bvgvR Av`vq Ki, Ze Zvi bvgvR mwVK nq hve|
wK m wekvj mIqve _K ewZ ne Ges Zvi Kexiv bvnI
ne|
RvgvZ I c_g ZKweii dwRjZ:
4"B? 3 & : 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>; < = :< = ./ 9 :; g
Z 5%& 3 ) N
3 /
3 &% Ah ji ) ; *5 3 &% Ah ji ) % ji ) . 5

72%
5\#5 A k
7!# *25 l ; 6 G DZ / E % m& G n
o% ); .% 4"5%
.q&25 .EU .p
1a5
Avbvm Beb gvjK (iv:) _K ewYZ wZb ejb: im~jyjvn []

ejQb:h ew Avjvni Iqv c_g ZKweimn Pwjk w`b
RvgvZmn mvjvZ Av`vq Kie Zvi Rb `ywU wbwZ wjLv ne|
Rvnvbvgi Avb _K wbwZ I gybvdKx _K wbwZ|1
. mg mb`mn nv`xmwU nvmvb, wZiwghx nvt bs 241, wmjwmjv mnxnv `t nvt bs 2652
mvjvZ Aavq
BgvgwZi AvnKvg
13- BgvgwZi AvnKvg

BgvgwZi dwRjZ:
BgvgwZi dwRjZ AbK ekx| G Rb bex wbRB `vwqZ MnY
KiwQjb Ges Zvui ci Zvui Pvi Lwjdv BgvgwZi `vwqZ MnY
Kib| Bgvgi Dci AbK eo `vwqZ, wZwb wRv`vi| myZivs
mwVK I myì fve `vwqZ cvjb KiZ cvij AbK eo mIqvei
AwaKvix neb| Avi hZ gymwj Zuvi wcQb mvjvZ Av`vq Kie
Zvì mgcwigvY mIqveI cveb|
BgvgK AbymiYi weavb:
mvjvZi ga mKj Bgvgi AbymiY diR| KviY
im~jyjvn [] ejb:
< = + o ; I ; + 6L
> 6 L
> + a7! *7
.% ) *r 5% s &5# Jo% E *+
. Bo E mFo= ^"t

m6/% = 4"?
+ 6 `
5# g
5 *); 5X T 6 % S 3 5% . 4"5 I % >
.."/ 012&
BgvgK Zvi AbymiYi RbB wbqM Kiv nq| AZGe, Bgvg hLb
iKz Ki ZLb ZvgivI iKz Ki, hLb mvwgAvjvwjgvb nvwg`vn
ej, ZLb Zvgiv ievbv IqvjvKvj nvg` ej, hLb Bgvg ùvwoq
mvjvZ Av`vq Ki ZLb ZvgivI ùvwoq mvjvZ Av`vq Ki, Avi
hLb Bgvg em mvjvZ Av`vq Ki (BgvgwZ Ki) ZLb ZvgivI
mevB em mvjvZ Av`vq Ki|1
BgvgwZi Rb ekx nK`vi I AMvwaKvi K?
KziAvbyj Kvixg whwb mePq ekx gyL KiQb Ges mv_
mv_ mvjvZi AvnKvgI Rvbb, Ggb ewK BgvgwZi AMvwaKvi
Ìqv ne| Gici whwb nv`xm I mybZ mK mevwaK vb
ivLb| Zvici njb AvM wnRiZKvix ew| Gici AvM
Bmjvg MnYKvix| Gici mvevwaK eq ew| Avi GZ mevB
1
eyLvix nvt bs 722 I gymwjg nvt bs 2652 nv`xmi kjv gymwjgi
mvjvZ Aavq
BgvgwZi AvnKvg
mgvb nj jUvixi gvag BgvgwZi AMvwaKvi wbYq Kiv ne|

Dciv gvmqvjv H mgqi Rb hLb mvjvZi mgq nq hve
Ges gymwjMY KvDK mvgb BgvgwZi Rb ck KiZ Pve| wK
hw` gmwR` Bgvg wbavwiZ _vKb Ges mgqgZ DcwZ nb Zvnj
Bgvg mvneB BgvgwZi AMvwaKvi ivLb|
.% B" / . B4"5 4"B? .% 4"5 <>; < = :< = ./ 9 :; aq; t\5# FZ o
& ) 3 /
D% *Bu5) 8 " / \ jv > A% ji X% 5# %
# .% 4"5 w
2!% 5% P f =# s X 5# usr G : 4">
8 & 6 B#=\ jv B> A% L

8 5# %
# AC L
P% 8 & 6 =# \ jv > D% *u5 %
#
."& .EU
.m"# >%
Avey gvmD` Avbmvix [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb im~jyjvn []

ejQb:Mvi BgvgwZ KiZ mevwaK KziAvb gyLKvix, hw`
ZvZ mgvb nq Zvnj mybZ (nv`xm) mK mePq Awf ew,
hw` ZvZI mgvb chvqi nq, Zvnj AvM wnRiZKvix| Avi
ZvZI mgvb chvqi nj AvM Bmjvg MnYKvix|1
evwoi gvwjK Ges gmwRì Bgvg BgvgwZi ekx nK`vi|
Bmjvgx miKvii Kvb cwZwbwa _vKj wZwb ekx AMvwaKvi
cveb|
dvmK ewi wcQb mvjvZ Av`vqi weavb:
mevg ew Bgvgi Rb mvgb ck Kiv diR| Ze hw`
dvwmK ew eZxZ Ab KvDK BgvgwZi Rb cvIqv bv hvq,
Zvnj Zvi wcQb mvjvZ (mnxn) nq hve| hgb: `vwo gybKvix,
a~gcvqx BZvw` Ggb ew|
dvmK nQ: h ew Kzdzwi bq Ggb Kweiv bvn ev evievi
QwMiv bvn Ki Avjvni AvbyMZ _K ei nq MQ|
evqy BZvw` ei nq Kvb Bgvgi Ihy b nq Mj Zvi
wcQb mvjvZ mnxn ne bv| Ze h mKj gymwj Zv Rvb bv
1
. gymwjg nvt bs 673
mvjvZ Aavq
10
BgvgwZi AvnKvg
Zvì mvjvZ nq hve| wK BgvgK AekB cybivq mvjvZ

Av`vq Ki wbZ ne|
Bgvgi AvM wKQy Kij Zvi weavb:
mvjvZ Bgvgi AvM Kvb KvR Kiv nvivg| h ew mvjvZ
Kvb KvR Rb eyS Bgvgi AvM Kie Zvi mvjvZ evwZj nq
hve| fyj hvIqv, AgbhvMx nIqv ev Bgvgi k bZ bv cviv
BZvw` IRii KviY hw` Bgvgi AbymiY _K wcQb ci hvq,
Zvnj m m Zv c~iY Ki ci Bgvgi AbymiY Kie| GZ
Zvi mvjvZi Kvb Amyweav ne bv|
Bgvgi mv_ gyvwì Pvi Aev:
1. Bgvgi AvM wKQz Kiv: Avi Zv nj ZKwei, iKz, mR`v,
mvjvg BZvw` gyvw` Bgvgi AvM Kiv| G aibi KvR
bvRvqR| KD Ggb Kij cyb:ivq Bgvgi ci Avevi H
KvRwU Ki wbe| Avi hw` bv Ki Zvnj Zvi mvjvZ evwZj
nq hve|
2. Bgvgi mv_ mv_ Kiv: Avi Zv nj ZKwei, iKz BZvw` GK
ivKb _K Aci ivKb hvIqvi mgq Bgvgi mv_ Pj
hvIqv| GUv fyj, Gi viv mvjvZ wUc~Y nq|
3. Bgvgi AbymiY Kiv: Avi Zv nj Kvb Avgj Bgvg mvne
Kivi ci Zvi wcQb wcQb Kiv| Avi GUvB gyvwì KvR
Ges Gi vivB kwiqZi `wZ Bgvgi AbymiY ne|
4. Bgvgi AbymiY bv Kiv: Avi Zv nj gyvwì Bgvgi AbymiY
bv Ki GZ wej^ Kiv h Bgvg Ab ivKb Pj hvq| GgbwU
Kiv Rvqh bq; KviY GZ AbymiY nq bv|
gmwR` cek Ki hw` `L (wbw`) Bgvg c_g RvgvZ mgv
Ki djQb, Zvnj hviv wcQ coQb Zvì wbq wZxq
RvgvZ Kiv RvqR| Ze GB wZxq RvgvZi dwRjZ c_g
RvgvZi dwRjZi gZ ne bv|
mvjvZ Aavq
11
BgvgwZi AvnKvg
gvme~Ki Aev:
1. h ew Bgvgi mv_ GK ivKvZ cj, m RvgvZ cq Mj|
Avi h ew Bgvgi mv_ iKz cj m H ivKvZ cq Mj|
myZivs gyvw` c_g ùvwoq ZKwei Zvnwigvi ZKwei eje, ci
me nj iKzi ZKwei eje| Avi Zv me bv nj Dfq
ZKweii wbqZ Ki gv GKevi ZKwei eje|
2. h ew gmwR` cek Ki BgvgK ùvovbv wKsev iKz A_ev
mR`v ev emv h Kvb Aevq cve m AevZB Bgvgi m
mvjvZ cek Kie| ZvZ hZUzKz Bgvgi m mvjvZ cve
ZZUzKzi mIqve gymwj cve| Ze iKz bv cj ivKvZ cvIqv aiv
ne bv| Avi ZKwei Djv (Zvnwigvi ZKwei) Bgvgi m cZ
nj gymwjK Bgvgi m~iv dvwZnv i Kivi c~e ZKwei Zvnwigv
ej mvjvZ cek KiZ ne|
mvjvZ nvjKv Kivi weavb:
Bgvgi Rb mybZ nj `xN bv Ki cwic~Y fve mv_ mvjvZ
Av`vq Kiv; KviY, gymwjì ga Ggb ewI _vKZ cvi h,
`yej, Amy, e Ges Ggb ew hvi Zvovov AvQ BZvw`| Ze
GKvKx Kvb mvjvZ covi mgq hZ BQv `xN KiZ cvi|
mybZ ZwiKvq mvjvZ nvjKv Kivi cwZ:
mybZ ZixKvq mvjvZK nvjKv fve Av`vq Kivi A_ njv:
mvjvZi mKj ivKb, diR, IqvwRe, mybZ wVK wVK gZ Av`vqi
mv_ mvjvZ `xNvwqZ bv Kiv| hgbfve bex [] me`v Av`vq
KiZb Ges Av`vqi wb`k `vb KiZb| gymwjì BQv gZ
Bgvg mvjvZ Av`vq Kieb bv| iKz I mR`vZ h ew wbR wcV
mvRv Ki bv Zvi mvjvZ nqbv|
gyvw`MY Kv_vq ùvove:
1. gyvw`ì Bgvgi wcQb ùvovbv mybZ| Ze gyvw` GKRb
nj Bgvgi eivei Wvb cvk ùvove| Avi gwnjv Bgvg nj
gwnjvì mvwii ga fvM ùvwoq BgvgwZ Kie|
mvjvZ Aavq
12
BgvgwZi AvnKvg
2. gymwjiv Bgvgi Wvb w`K ùvovZ cvi, A_ev Bgvgi Wvb I

evg Dfq cvkI ùvovZ cvi| Ze Kvb fve Bgvgi mvgb
ùvovbv Rvqh bB| Gfve Bgvgi ay evg w`K ùvovbv hve
bv| wK AwZ cqvRbi evg w`KI ùvovbv hZ cvi|
Bgvgi wcQb cyil I gwnjvì jvBb nq `vouvbvi weeiY:
1. Bgvgi wcQb c_g mvwiZ c_g eo cyil I QvU evPviv
ùvove Ges cyilì wcQb gwnjvì mvwi ne| gwnjvì mvwi
cyilì wbqgB ne| c_g jvBb c~iY nIqvi ci Zvi cii
jvBbmg~n c~iY Kiv, gymwjì gvSLvbi duvK e Kiv, jvBb
mvRv Kiv BZvw` cyilì gZB KiZ ne|
2. hw` gwnjviv wgj Avjv`v RvgvZ Ki, Zvnj cyilì
RvgvZi gZ ZvìI mePq Dg mvwi c_g mvwi Ges mePq
g` mvwi mevi wcQbi mvwi| cyili mivmwi wcQb gwnjvi mvwi
ev gwnjvì wcQb cyilì mvwi Aea| wK AwZ wfo BZvwì
Rb hw` AZxe cqvRb `Lv `q, Zvnj Zv ea ne| Kvb
gwnjv hw` Lye wfo BZvwì KviY cyilì mvwiZ ùvovq mvjvZ
Av`vq Ki bq, Zvnj Zvi mvjvZ evwZj ne bv| Ze D
gwnjvi mivmwi wcQbi ewi mvjvZ ne bv|
x
% 1?
U :"> ."/ 9 "? 9
<> ; < = :< = ./ 9 :; A G P ) 3 /
."& .EU . ~85* P u{
zP U% } j
a5 x
% 1?
U zP U% } P |{ z8 5*y < E a5
Avey ivBiv [] nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [] ejb:

RvgvZ mvjvZ cyilì mePq Dg mvwi njv c_g mvwi Ges
mePq g` mvwi njv kl mvwi| Avi gwnjvì Dg mvwi njv
kli mvwi Ges mePq g` mvwi njv c_g mvwi|1
RvgvZ mvjvZi KvZvi mvRv Kivi wbqg:
1. mybZ njv Bgvg mvne gymwjì w`K gyL wdwiq ejeb:
1
.gymwjg nvt bs 440
13
mvjvZ Aavq
.q;O75 .EU
BgvgwZi AvnKvg
.u? ! 1? %=
Avcbvì KvZvi mvRv Kib Ges cii wgj `vovb1

2. A_ev ejeb:
.."/ 012&.A% "*t5 D% & =+ 3
&% x
% 1ut5 D G
4 ! 1? u>
KvZvi mvRv Kib, KviY KvZvi mvRv Kiv mvjvZ Kvqgi
Afy|2
3. A_ev ejeb:
q%6BG\) B%5 zJ B"O
5# u6B> z

% 5# 3 ) S zx
1ut5 %=
I Q = 3 & z. 4"5 . " ?
1?
J ?
3 & z% Q *("%5 Y
Z E ; z !U +
.W5 FF ) .EU.. 4"5
. o Q = 1?

KvZvi mvRv Kib, Kuva Kuva wgwjq mgvivj Kib, KvZvii

gvS duvK e Kib, nvZjv mnR I mvfvweK fve ivLyb,
kqZvbi Rb KvZvii ga Lvwj RvqMv ivLeb bv| h ew
KvZvi wgjve, Avjvn ZvK wgjveb| Avi h ew KvZvii
mshvM wewQb Kie, Avjvn ZvK wewQb Ki wèb|3
4. A_ev ejeb:
.W5 .EU.2>
2> 2>
KvZvi mvRv Kib, KvZvi mvRv Kib, KvZvi mvRv Kib |4
RvgvZi KvZvi mvRv Kivi weavb:
mvjvZ Kuva Kuva I wMuU wMuU jvwMq `yB Rbi gvS duvK e
Kiv I KvZvijv c_g _K wmwiqvj Abymvi c~iY Kiv IqvwRe|

1
. eyLvix nvt ms 719

eyLvix nt bs 723 gymwjg nvt bs 433
3
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Avey `vD` nvt bs 666 nv`xmi e k iv Avey `vDì, bvmvC nvt
bs 819
4
. nv`xmwU mnxn, bvmvC nvt bs 813
2
14
mvjvZ Aavq
BgvgwZi AvnKvg
im~jyjvn [] ejb:

BQ5 "& .EU
.DC E ; F . o ; z%D*L

5# % m2 ) . 5 9
) DC E *6> 3 &
._> M
h ew `yB Rbi gvSi duvK e Kie, Avjvn Zvi Rb

RvbvZ GKwU Ni Zwi Kieb Ges Gi viv Zvi GKwU ghv`v ew
Kieb|1
cv_K vb mb evjKi AvRvb Ges diR I bdj mvjvZi
BgvgwZ Kiv ea Ges Zv Kij Av`vq nq hve| hw` Ggb
Kvb evjK cvIqv hvq h mevi ga Dg, ZvK BgvgwZi
Rb mvgb ck Kiv IqvwRe|
h mKj ewi mvjvZ mnxn ne, Zvi BgvgwZI mnxn ()
ne| hw` m ùvovZ ev iKz BZvw` KiZ AcviM ew bv
nq| wK KLbv Kvb gwnjv cyili BgvgwZ KiZ cvie
bv| bdj mvjvZ Av`vqKvixi mv_ diR mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv
hve| Avmii mvjvZ Av`vq Kvixi mv_ hvnii mvjvZ
Av`vq Kiv hve, Zvivexi mvjvZi mv_ Gkv ev gvMwiei
mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv hve| Bgvg mvjvg wdivbvi ci evwK
mvjvZ Av`vq Kie|
wbqZ wecixZ nIqvi weavb:
bvgvR Bgvg I gyvwì wbqZ cv_K _vKv RvqR AvQ|
Ze Kvhvwì gvS cv_K RvqR bq| ZvB gvMwiei bvgvR
Av`vqKvix Bgvgi wcQb Gkvi bvgvR Av`vq Kiv RvqR| hLb
Bgvg mvjvg wdiveb ZLb ùvwoq GK ivKvZ Av`vq Ki
Zvkvn` Ki mvjvg wdive| Avi hLb Gkvi bvgvR Av`vqKvix
Bgvgi wcQb gvMwiei bvgvR Av`vq Kie ZLb PvBj Bgvg
hLb PZz_ ivKvZi Rb ùvoveb ZLb Zvkvn` Ki mvjvg
1
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Avgvjx gvnvwgwjZ (Kvd) 2/36 Zeivbx AvImvZ nvt bs 5797,
wmjwmjv mnxn nvt bs 1892
mvjvZ Aavq
15
BgvgwZi AvnKvg
wdive| A_ev Bgvgi m mvjvg wdivbvi Rb em Acv

Kie|
QvU evPv I gwnjvì BgvgwZi cwZ:
hw` Bgvg mvne `yRb ev Zvi AwaK evjKì wbq BgvgwZ
Kib hvì eqm mvZ eQi nqQ ZvìK wcQb wèb| Avi
hw` GKRb nq Ze Bgvgi Wvb cvk ùvo Kiveb|
^k KivZ bvgvR gyvw` hw` Bgvg mvnei KivZ kybZ
bv cvq Ze m myiv dvwZnv I Abvb m~iv cvV Kie Pzc Ki
_vKe bv|
Bgvg mvnei Ihy b nj Zvi weavb:
hw` bvgvR Aevq Bgvg mvnei Ihy b nq hvq, Ze
gyvw`ì bgvR covbvi Rb GKRbK Zvi RvqMvq ùvo Kwiq
wZwb bvgvR _K ei nq hveb| hw` Kvb GKRb gyvw` mvgb
hvq ev Zviv Kvb GKRbK mvgb Ki `q, Avi m ZvìK
wbq bvgvR c~Y Ki, A_ev mevB GKvKx wbR wbR bvgvR c~b Ki
Ze mKji bvgvR mnxn nq hve|
gyvwì QyU hvIqv ivKvZmg~ni KvRvi cwZ:
1. h ew Bgvgi mv_ hvni ev Avmi wKsev Gkv bvgvRi GK
ivKvZ cj Zvi cwZ IqvwRe njv Bgvgi mvjvg wdivbvi
ci evwK wZb ivKvZ KvRv Kiv| m wZxq ivKvZ m~iv dvwZnv
I Ab GKwU m~iv cvV Ki Gici c_g Zvkvnì Rb
eme| Gici evwK `yivKvZ aygv m~iv dvwZnv cvV Kie|
wK hw` hvnii bvgvR nq Znj dvwZnvi mv_ Ab m~ivI
coe| Avi KLbv KLbv aygv m~iv dvwZnv cvV Kie|
AZ:ci kl eVK Kivi Rb eme I eVK kl mvjvg
wdive| Avi gvme~K ew Bgvgi m hLvb _K cqQ
ZvB Zvi bvgvRi c_gvsk ai evwK Ask cyiv Kie|
2. h ew Bgvgi mv_ gvMwiei bvgvRi GK ivKvZ cj m
Bgvgi mvjvg wdivbvi ci wZxq ivKvZ m~iv dvwZnv I Ab
mvjvZ Aavq
16
BgvgwZi AvnKvg
GKwU m~iv wgwjq Av`vq Ki c_g Zvkvnì Rb eme|

AZ:ci ZZxq ivKvZ aygv m~iv dvwZnv cvV Ki Av`vq Ki
kl Zvkvnì Rb eme Ges c~ei wbqg mvjvg wdive|
3. h ew Bgvgi m dRi ev Rygvi bvgvRi GK ivKvZ cj
m Bgvgi mvjvg wdivbvi ci wZxq ivKvZ m~iv dvwZnv I
Ab GKwU m~iv wgwjq Av`vq Ki Zvkvnì Rb em eVK
kl mvjvg wdive hgbwU c~e ewYZ nqQ|
4. hLb KD Bgvgi kl eVKi mgq gmwR` cek Ki ZLb
mybZ njv m hb bvgvR kwiK nq Ges Bgvgi mvjvg
wdivbv ci Zvi bvgvR c~Y Ki|
Kvb IRi Qvov jvBbi wcQb mvjvZ Av`vqi weavb:
Kvb IRi eZxZ cyil gvbyli bvgvRi jvBb Qo wcQb
GKvKx bvgvR coj Zvi bvgvR ne bv| IRi hgb: hw` jvBb
Kvb RvqMv bv cvq Zvnj wcQb GKvKx bvgvR Av`vq Kie Ges
mvgbi KvZvii KvDK wcQb Uvbe bv| Avi gwnjvi jvBbi
wcQb GKvKx bvgvR mwVK ne, hw` cyilì RvgvZ nq| wK
hw` aygv gwnjvì RvgvZ nq, Ze Zvi weavb cyili weavbi
bvq hgbwU c~e ewYZ njv|
bdj mvjvZv RvgvZ Ki Av`vqi weavb:
evwoZ ev Ab Kv_vI w`b ev iv bdj bvgvR RvgvZ Ki
Av`vq Kiv RvqR AvQ|
hw` KD `L h Kvb ew diR bvgvR GKvKx Av`vq
KiQ, Zvnjv mybZ njv Zvi m bvgvR kwiK nq bvgvR
cov|
"BtG C"E ; t
) 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 < >; 4 9 :; aq; 6 O
5# 6Z %o> ) 3 /
.q&25 FF ) .EU .. o &
"t
P "/ p
*6t
2G Jh E ; 5 :< X T 6 S
Avey mvC` Lyìx [] _K ewYZ im~jyjvn [] GKRb gvbylK

GKvKx bvgvR Av`vq KiZ `L ejjb: Ggb Kvb gvbyl bq
mvjvZ Aavq
17
BgvgwZi AvnKvg
h GB ewi m bvgvR Av`vq Ki ZvK m`Kv Kie|1

gyvnve njv Bgvg mvne gyvw`ì w`K nq bv wdiv ch
Zvì bv ùvovbv|
gyvw`MYi Bgvgi Abymibi cwZ:
ZKwei bZ cj gmwRì wfZi Bgvgi AbymiY Kiv
mwVK ne hwÌ Bgvg ev Zvi mvgb hviv ZvìK `LZ bv
cvq| Abyic gmwRì evBiI AbymiY Kiv wVK ne hw` ZKwei
bZ cvq I jvBbjv GKwU AciwUi mv_ wgj _vK|
gyvw`MYi w`K Bgvgi wdivi cwZ:
mybZ njv mvjvg wdivbvi ci Bgvg gyvw`ì w`K nq
emeb| hw` RvgvZ gwnjviv _vK Ze GKUz Acv Kieb
hvZ Ki gwnjviv Pj hZ cvi| Avi diR bvgvRi ci ciB
m vb Bgvg mvnei Rb bdj Av`vq Kiv gKin|
hw` RvqMvi msKzjvb bv nq, Ze Bgvg cvk, Zuvi wcQb,
Dci I wbP gymjxiv bvgvR Av`vq Kij RvqR ne|
diR bvgvRv gymvdvnv Kiv weÀvZ| Avi bvgvRi ci
Bgvg I gyvw`ì mevB wgj ^k GK m `vqv KivI
weÀvZ| msLv I cwZZ aygv ea nQ H mKj wRwKiAvRKvi hv mnxn nv`xm ewYZ nqQ hjv c~e DjL Kiv
nqQ|
BgvgK ev` w`q gyvwì Aevmg~n:
BgvgK ev` w`q gyvwì `yAev:
c_g: BgvgK ev` w`q GKvKx nq evwK mvjvZ cyiv Kie|
hgb: hw` Ggvg mvjvZ Ggb `xN Ki hv mybZi ewnfZ
~ A_ev
Ggb `Z Av`vq Ki hvi dj axi-wiZv BZvwì weNZv NU|
wZxq: mvjvZ f w`q bZzb Ki cyb:ivq Av`vq Kie| gyvwì
Ggb cqvRb ev mgmv DcwZ nq hvi dj Bgvgi AbymiY Kiv
me bv| hgb: ckve ev cvqLvbv wKsev evqyi Pvc A_ev wbRi
1
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 574 k ZviB, wZiwghx nvt bs 220
mvjvZ Aavq
18
BgvgwZi AvnKvg
ev Abi cwZ fq BZvw` hvi KviY mvjvZ AevnZ _vKv

Ame|
mvjvZ Bgvgi k Kivi Aevmg~n:
Bgvg bvgvR ZKwei, Avvgxb, mvwgAvjvwjgvb nvwg`vn& I
mvjvg wdivbv Rvi Ki eje| Ze G me AwZwi j^v Ki
Uvb Ìqv _K weiZ _vKe|
wkjKKvix ewi wcQb mvjvZ covi weavb:
h ew MvBijvnK WvK ev MvBijvnK wec` gywi Rb
Avnvb Ki wKsev Keii cvk ev Ab Kv_vI MvBijvni Rb
RevB Ki A_ev KeievmxìK WvK Zvi wcQb bvgvR Av`vq
Kiv Pje bv; KviY Gme Kzdwi I wkiK hvi dj Zvi bvgvR
evwZj|
Rygvi bvgvR I RvgvZ Qvovi IRimg~n:
wbi KviYjvi Rb Rygvi bvgvR I RvgvZ Qvovi IRi
Keyj Kiv ne hgb:
Ggb ivMx hvi RvgvZ bvgvR Av`vq KiZ K nq| hvi
ckve I cvqLvbvi Pvc AvQ Ggb ew| mdimxì Pj
hvIqvi fq| h ew Zvi wbRi ev mì wKsev mv_xi A_ev
ew ev Kv`vgvwU wKsev cP evZvmi fq Ki| hvi mvgb Lvbv
nvwRi I Zvi cqvRb AvQ Ges LZI mg| wK hb GgbwU
Afvm cwiYZ bv Ki bq| Abyic Wvvi, cnix, wbivcv
evwnbx, `gKj evwnbx BZvw`| Giv gymjgvbì cqvRbxq KvR
e AvQ, ZvB bvgvRi mgq Zvì KvR _vKj Zviv Zvì
RvqMvq bvgvR co wbe| Zviv cqvRb nj Rygvi bvgvRi
cwieZ hvnii bvgvR Av`vq Kie|
h mKj e bvgvR _K fywjq ivL ev hvi gvS mgqi
AcPq iqQ wKsev kixi ev weeKi wZ iqQ Zv nvivg|
hgb: Zvm Ljv, a~g cvb Kiv, v Uvbv, bkv, gv`K è
19
mvjvZ Aavq
BgvgwZi AvnKvg
BZvw`| G Qvov wUwf BZvwì c`vq emv hvi ga Kzdwz i I

wbK wRwbmi c`kbx nq|
Acwe emn Bgvgi mvjvZi weavb:
hw` Bgvg AZvekZ Acwe e wbq BgvgZx Kib Ges
RvgvZ kl RvbZ cvib Ze Zvì mKji bvgvR mnxn nq
hve|
Avi hw` bvgvR RvbZ cvi, Ze Acwe e `~i Kiv ev
cwivi Kiv me nj ZvB Kieb Ges bvgvR c~iY Kieb| Avi
hw` me bv nq, Ze GKRbK gyvw`ì bvgvR c~iY Kivi
cwZwbwa evwbq wZwb bvgvR Qo Pj hveb|
h ew Kvb RbMvwi wRqviZ KiZ hvq m hb Zvì
BgvgwZ bv Ki eis ZvìB GKRb BgvgwZ Kie|
mvjvZi jvBbi hme vb dwRjZcY:
RvgvZi c_g KvZvi wZxq KvZvii Pq Dg| Avi jvBbi
Wvb w`K evg w`Ki Pq Dg| Avjvn Zvqvjv c_g KvZvi I
jvBbi Wvb w`Ki Dci ingZ elY Kib I Zuvi dikZv gjx
Zvì Rb gv Pvb| Avi bex [] c_g KvZvii Rb wZbevi I
wZxq KvZvii Rb GKevi `vqv KiQb|
c_g jvBbi nK`vi K:
c_g jvBb I Bgvgi wbKU ùvovbvi nK`vi nQ Avnj

Bjg Z_v wevbì ga hviv weeKevb I ZvKIqvi AwaKvix|
ZuvivB gvbyli Rb Av`k, ZvB Zuviv GUv Kivi Rb AMmi neb|
4"B> .% B" / . 4"5 4"?

.% 4"5 <>;
:< = ./ 9 :; FZ o
& ) 3 /
B"% 5% !)"=
"% 2O
2 1%"2O
5 2> :<XG A% "*t5 % 7
% &

G
."& .EU.
8 "G
3 G%45 *R 8 "G 3 G%45 *R 8u5 s "S \5# 5 !&%
Avey gvmD` [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, bex [] bvgvR Avgvì
Kuvajv k Ki ejZb: Zvgiv jvBb mvRv Ki, AvM wcQ
mvjvZ Aavq
20
BgvgwZi AvnKvg
ne bv; KviY AvM wcQ nj Zvgvì AiI AvM wcQ nq

hve| Zvgvì ga hviv PvjvK I weeKevb Zviv Avgvi
wbKUeZx ne| Gici Zvì cii `j, Gici Zvì cii
`j|1
mvjvZ j^v I nvjKv Kivi cwZ:
mybZ njv Bgvg hLb KivZ j^v Kieb ZLb evwK
ivKbmg~nKI j^v Kiv| Avi hLb KivZ nvjKv Kieb ZLb
evwK ivKbjvI nvjKv Kiv|
. B4"5 4"B? 6Z *`
& I & A "*t5
X# & ; :< = ./ 9 :; w
H / 3 ) j 75# 3 /
3 B) . 2
"# L
. 6 L

.% /%
; 6 o ) . 562%/ . 2o
# . & =% Y
6 E 4"> .% " /
.j *5 3 &% m7G= x
% t
% %5 %"
*25 3 ) & . 2
"# L
. 6 L

3 6 L
*5
.."/ 012&
eviv Beb AvRe [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avwg gynv`

[]-Gi bvgvR cheY Kij Ggb cvB h, Zuvi wKqvg
(ùvovbv), iKz, iKzi ci mvRv ùvovbv, mR`v, `yB mR`vi
gvSi emv, wZxq mR`v, mvjvg wdivbv I bvgvR kl Pj
hvIqv meB mgvb mgvb|2
. gymwjg nvt bs 432

. eyKvix nvt bs 801 I gymwjg nvt bs 471 k ZviB
mvjvZ Aavq
21
Ag ewi mvjvZ
14- gvRyi (Ag) ewì mvjvZ

gvRyi Z_v hvì IRi AvQ Zviv njv:
ivMx, gymvwdi I fxZ ew hvì IRi bvB Ggb ewì
bvq, Giv bvgvR Av`vq Ag| Avjvni ingZi ewn:cKvk
wnmve G aibi jvKì cwZ mnR Ki w`qQb I Zvì
mgmv `~i Ki w`qQb| Avi Zvì mIqve ARb _K gvnigewZ Ki `bwb| ZvB ZvìK Zvì gZv Abymvi mybZ
gvZveK bvgvR Av`vqi Rb wb`k KiQb|
(K) Amy ewi bvgvR
Amy ewi bvgvRi cwZ:

ivMx ewi ùvwoq bvgvR Av`vq Kiv Riix| hw` ùvwoq bv
cvi Ze PZz` (PviRvby) nq em ev Zvkvnì eVKi bvq
em| ZvI hw` bv cvi Ze Wvb cvki Dci nq| GI hw`
KKi nq Ze evg cvki Dci nq Av`vq Kie| G fveI hw`
bv cvi Ze wKejvi w`K cv Ki wPZ nq q gv_v viv eyKi
w`K Bkviv KiZ: iK I mR`v Kie| mR`vK iKzi Pq
ewk wbPz Kie| Avi weeK _vKv ch Kvb g bvgvR gvd
bq| ivMx Zvi Aev wnmve DjwLZ cvq bvgvR Av`vq Kie|
4"?
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1. Bgivb Beb mvBb [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avgvi Ak

ivM wQj ZvB bex []K G Aevq mvjvZ wKfve Av`vq Kie
Zv wRvmv Kijvg| wZwb ejjb: ùvwoq bvgvR Av`vq Ki,
mvjvZ Aavq
22
Ag ewi mvjvZ
hw` bv cvi Ze em Ki, ZvI hw` bv cvi Zvnj GK cvki

Dci Av`vq Ki|1
.% B4"5 < B>;
5#\> :< = m;7 &
./ 9 :; 3H t
S 3 ) /% 3 /
z JK # 8 mW%= 4"?
# + :< X m6/% = J E *5 A% "?
3 / 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?

BE
Bt . B" mW% 4"?
3 & z W%X5# E
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2. Bgivb Beb mvBb [] _K ewYZ wZwb AkivMx wQjb|

wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn []K gvbyli em em bvgvR Av`vq
mK wRvmv Kij wZwb ejb: hw` ùvwoq mvjvZ Kvqg
Ki Ze mevg| Avi h ew em coe Zvi mIqve
ùvwoq cov ewi Pq AaK| Avi h ew q Av`vq
Kie Zvi mIqve em Av`vqKvixi PqI AaK|2
Amy ewi cwevi cwZ:
bvgvRi Rb ivMx ewi Dci cvwb viv Ihy Kiv IqvwRe|
hw` bv cvi Ze Zvqvyg Kie| ZvI hw` bv cvi Ze cweZv
ARb iwnZ ne Ges Zvi Aevi Dci wfw Ki bvgvR Av`vq
Kie|
Amy ewi mvjvZi AvnKvg:
1. hw` Amy ew em bvgvR Av`vq Kiv Aevq ùvovZ mg nq
A_ev em Av`vq KiZ wQj AZ:ci mR`v KiZ mg, A_ev
cvki Dci coZ wQj Gici emZ mg, Zvnj hv KiZ mg
ZvB Kie; Kbbv Zvi Dci ZvB IqvwRe|
2. wek Wvvii civgk ivMxi wPwKrmvi Rb ùvwoq bvgvR
Av`vq KiZ mg ewi em em bvgvR Av`vq Kiv RvqR|
1
. eyLvix nvt bs 1117

. eyLvix nvb bs 1115
mvjvZ Aavq
23
Ag ewi mvjvZ
3. hw` ivMx ùvovZ I emZ mg nq wK iKz I mR`v KiZ

Ag Zvnj ùvovbv Aevq Bkviv Ki iKz Ges emv Aevq
Bkviv Ki mR`v Kie|
4. h ew Rwgbi Dci mR`v KiZ Ag m em em iKz I
mR`v Kie| mR`vK iKzi Pq ewk wbPz Kie Ges
nvZq nuvUzi Dci ivLe| Avi evwjk BZvwì Dci mR`v
Ke bv|
5. ivMx ew Abì bvq, ZvB Zvi Dci wKejvgyLx nIqv
IqvwRe| hw` bv cvi Ze Zvi Aev wnmve h w`K mnR
nq, m w`K nq Av`vq Kie| Avi ivMxi Kvb cvk bwoq
ev Avyj Bkviv Ki bvgvR mnxn ne bv| eis hgbwU DjL
nqQ m gvZveK Av`vq KiZ ne|
ivMx KLb `yB IqvK Rgv Ki mvjvZ Av`vq Kie:
hw` cZK bvgvR Zvi mgqgZ Av`vq KiZ ivMxi cwZ K
nq ev AcviM nq Ze Zvi Rb hvni I AvmiK Ges gvMwie I
GkvK Kvb GKwUi mgq GK Rgv Ki Av`vq Kiv RvqR|
bvgvR K nQ: Ggb K hvi viv bvgvRi Ly b nq
hvq| Avi Ly njv Aii DcwwZ I GKvMZv|
ivMx ew Kv_vq mvjvZ Av`vq Kie:
h ivMx gmwR` hZ mg Zvi Rb gmwR` wMq RvgvZi
mv_ bvgvR Av`vq Kiv Riix| m mg nj ùvwoq bvgvR Av`vq
Kie Avi bv cvij gZvi Aev eyS RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq
Kie|
ivMx I gymvwdii Avgji hv jLv ne:
Avjvn ZvAvjv Amy I gymvwdi ewi Rb Zvì my I
evwoZ Aevbi mgq hv Avgj KiZ Zv G Aevq bv KiZ
cvijI Zvi mIqve `vb Kieb Ges ivMxK gv Ki wèb|
+ : 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
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24
Ag ewi mvjvZ
Avey g~mv AvkAvix [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn []

ejQb: hLb ev`v Amy nq A_ev mdi Ki ZLb Zvi my I
evwoZ _vK Aevq hv hv Avgj KiZ Abyic Zvi mIqve jLv
nq|1
25
mvjvZ Aavq
gymvwdii mvjvZ
(L) gymvwdii mvjvZ

mdi Z_v gY njv wbR emvevmi vb Qo Ab Mgb
Kiv|
mdi Aevq bvgvR Kmi (msw KiY) I Rgv Z_v GK
Av`vq Kiv RvqR Kiv Bmjvgi GKwU AbZg ewk; KviY
mdi AwaKvsk mgq K nq _vK Avi Bmjvg `qv I mnRi
xb|

./ 9 :; w
4QO
5# 3 ) o 5%
"# = < = D *& 3 ) "o G 3 /
3 B%& 6 BX $ &'
$
$% #"
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5% 3 /
Bqvjv Beb DgvBqv ejb, Avwg Dgvi Beb Lvve []K hLb
ejjvg, Avjvni evYx:bvgvRK Kmi Ki Av`vq Kij Zvgvì
cwZ cvc bq hw` fq Ki h, hviv Kvdi Zviv ZvgvìK
drbvq djZ cvi| [m~iv wbmv: 101]
ZLb wZwb ejjb, Zzwg hgb Avh nQ AvwgI Zgwb Avh nq
im~jyjvn []K G evcvi wRvmv KiwQjvg| Di wZwb []
ejb:Bnv GKwU `vb hv Avjvn Zvqvjv Zvgvì cwZ `vb
KiQb| AZGe, Avjvni `vb Keyj Ki bI|1
Kmi I Rgv Kivi weavb:
mdi wbivc` ev fq Dfq AevZ Kmi Kiv mybZ
gyqvv`v| Kmi nQ Pvi ivKvZ wewk bvgvR hgb: hvni, Avmi
I Gkvi bvgvR `yB `yB ivKvZ Ki Av`vq Kiv| Avi Bnv mdi
eZxZ Ab Kvb AevZ RvqR bB| Avi gvMwie I dRi
. gymwjg nvt bs 686
mvjvZ Aavq
26
gymvwdii mvjvZ
bvgvR Kmi bB| Rgv Z_v GK bvgvR Av`vq Kiv kZ

gvZveK evwoZ I mdi RvqR|
hLb gymvwdi nuU ev hvbevnb j c_ ev Rj c_ wKsev
cvwb c_ mdi Kie ZLb Zvi Rb Pvi ivKvZ wewk
bvgvRK Kmi Ki `yB ivKvZ cov mybZ| Avi cqvRb mdi
kl nIqv ch `yB Iqvi bvgvRK Kvb GKwUi mgq
GK Av`vq KivI RvqR|
A"B? Y
*=% \ 3 2o
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Avqkv (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: bvgvR c_gZ: `yB ivKvZ

Ki diR Kiv nq| AZ:ci mdii bvgvR Avmj ZweqZ envj
_K hvq, Avi evwoZ _vK Aevi bvgvR (Pvi ivKvZ) c~iY Kiv
nq|1
cPjb I c_v Abyhvqx hvK mdi ejv nq Zvi mv_ mdii
weavbmg~n m nq| Avi Zv njv bvgvRi Kmi I RgvKiY
Ges ivRv bv ivLv I gvRvi Dci gvmn Kiv|
gymvwdi hLb Zvi Rbcì emwZ GjvKv _K ei ne ZLb
_KB Kmi I GK bvgvR Av`vq KiZ cvie| Avi mwVK
gZ mdii Rb wbw` Kvb `~iZ bB eis Gi dqmvjv wbR
wbR `k I GjvKvi c_v gvZveK ne| AZGe, hLbB mdi
Kie Ges Aevb wKsev emevmi wbqZ Kie bv m gymvwdi,
Zvi Dci mdii mKj weavb AwcZ ne hZY m Zvi kni
wdi bv Avme|
mdi Kmi Kiv mybZ, ZvB mdi hvK ej ZvZB Kmi
Kie| wK hw` Kmi bv Ki c~Y bvgvR Av`vq Ki, Ze Zvi
bvgvR mwVK ne|
1
mvjvZ Aavq
27
gymvwdii mvjvZ
hLb gymvwdi gywKg (evwoZ AevbKvix) ewi wcQb bvgvR

Av`vq Kie, ZLb m c~Y bvgvR coe| Avi hw` gywKg
gymvwdii wcQb bvgvR Av`vq Ki, Ze mybZ njv gymvwdi
Kmi Kie Avi gywKg mvjvgi ci Zvi bvgvR c~Y Ki wbe|
mybZ njv gymvwdi hLb m vbi gywKgìK wbq bvgvR
coveb ZLb `yB ivKvZ Av`vq Ki mvjvg wdwiq eje:
AvwZy mjvvZvKzg dvBbvv KvIgy mvdvi A_: Zvgiv
Zvgvì bvgvR c~Y Ki bI Avgiv gymvwdi RvwZ|
mdi Zvnvy`, weZi I dRii mybZ Qvov mybvb ivIqvwZev
Z_v bvgvRi AvM I cii bvgvRjv Qo ÌqvB mybZ|
Avi mvaviY bdj bvgvRjv mdi I evwoZ Av`vq Kiv
RvqR| Abyic KviYi m m bvgvR hgb: Ihyi mybZ,
Kvev Nii ZIqvd kl mybZ, ZvwnqvwZzj gmwR` I PvkZ
BZvw` bvgvR|
cuvP Iqv bvgvRi cii wRwKijv bvix-cyil I mdi I
evwoZ cov mybZ|
wegvbi cvBjU ev Mvwoi PvjK wKsev cvwb RvnvRi bvweK
wKsev ijMvwoi WvBfvi Ges hvì mdi me`v j^v mgq ai
PjZ _K, Zvì Rb RvqR njv mdii ivLmZ MnY
Kiv| hgb: bvgvRi Kmi I GK Av`vq Ges igRvb gvm
ivRv bv Kiv I gvRvi Dci gvmn Kiv|
gymvwdii Rb mybZ njv hLb m Zvi evwoZ wdi Avme
ZLb c_g gmwR` wMq `yivKvZ bvgvR Av`vq Ki Zvici
evwoZ cek Kiv|
Kmii evcvi jYxq nQ vb mgq bq| ZvB hw` gymvwdi
evwoi bvgvR fyj hvq Ges mdi iY nq Ze Zv Kmi Ki
Av`vq Kie| Avi hw` mdii bvgvR evwoZ Avmvi ci iY
nq Ze c~Y bvgvR Av`vq Kie|
mvjvZ Aavq
28
gymvwdii mvjvZ
hw` gymvwdiK AvUK Kiv nq Avi m Aevbi wbqZ bv Ki

A_ev Aevbi wbqZ QvovB Kvb cqvRb Aevb Ki Ze
m Kmi Kie hwÌ Zvi mdi j^v nDK bv Kb|
hw` bvgvRi mgq nIqvi ci mdi Ki Ze Kmi I GK
Av`vq Kiv RvqR| Avi hw` mdi Aevq bvgvRi mgq
nIqvi ci wbR kni cek Ki c~Y bvgvR Av`vq Kie Ges
GK I Kmi Ke bv|
hw` wegvb nq Avi bvgvR covi Kvb vb bv cvq, Ze Zvi
vb ùvwoq wKejvgyLx nq bvgvR Av`vq Kie| Avi kw
Abymvi iKzi Rb Bkviv Kie| Gici wmU eme I kw
wnmve mR`vi Rb BwZ Kie|
h ew gv ev Ab Kv_vI mdi Kie m Bgvgi wcQb c~Y
bvgvR Av`vq Kie| Avi hw` Bgvgi m bvgvR bv cvq,
Ze mybZ njv m Kmi Ki coe| Avi h ew Kvb
Rbcì cvk w`q mdiiZ Aevq AwZg Kivi mgq AvRvb
ev GKvgZ bZ cvq Avi m bvgvR co bvB, Zvnj PvBj
m AeZiY Ki RvgvZ bvgvR coZ cvi A_ev Zvi mdiK
AevnZ ivLZ cvi|
h ew hvni I Avmi wKsev gvMwie I Gkvi bvgvR GK
Av`vq KiZ Pvq, m AvRvb wè AZ:ci GKvgZ w`q c_g
Iqv co Avevi GKvgZ w`q wZxq Iqv bvgvR Av`vq
Kie| Avi gymjxiv mKj RvgvZ Ki Av`vq Kie| hw` Vvv
ev evZvm wKsev ew nq, Ze Zvì evwoZB bvgvR Av`vq
Kie|
mdi GK bvgvR Av`vqi cwZ:
gymvwdii Rb hvni I Avmi Ges gvMwie I Gkvi bvgvR
Kvb GKwUi mgq ZiwZe mnKvi GK Av`vq Kiv RvqR|
A_ev `yB bvgvRi gaeZx mgq| hw` Kv_vI AeZiY Ki Ze
hv mnR nq ZvB Kie| Avi hLb Pj Aeq _vKe ZLb mybZ
mvjvZ Aavq
29
gymvwdii mvjvZ
njv m~h Wye Mj Pjvi AvM gvMwiei mgq GkvK AvwMq wbq
GK co wbe| Avi m~h Wyevi c~e PjZ Avi Kij
gvMwieK wcwQq wbq Gkvi mgq GK Av`vq Kie|
Avi hw` m~h Xjvi ci mdi Avi Ki Ze AvmiK GwMq
wbq hvnii mgq GK Av`vq Kie| Avi hw` m~h Xjvi
c~e mdi i Ki Ze hvniK wcwQq wbq Avmii mgq
GK Av`vq Kie|
4"B> .% B" / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>;
:< = 8 / . 4"5 :
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1. Beb Avevm [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn [] Pj

Aevq _vKj hvni I AvmiK Rgv Z_v GK Av`vq
KiZb| Abyic gvMwie I Gkvi bvgvRI GK Av`vq
KiZb|1
+ 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>;
:< = ./ 9 :; g
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3 /
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*(5 Gd # J 7 = J `
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% ; *R 8 ^ 5 4"?
J `
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*(5
b #
2. Avbvm Beb gvjK [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn []

m~h Xjvi c~e mdi Kij hvniK Avmii mgq ch ìx
KiZb| AZ:ci AeZiY Ki hvnvi I Avmi GK Av`vq
KiZb| Avi mdii c~e m~h Xj Mj hvni Av`vq Ki
wbq evnb Avivnb KiZb|2
nRiZ Aevq AvivdvZ hvni I AvmiK hvnii mgq
GK Kmi Ki Av`vq Kiv mybZ| Abyic gyh`vwjdvq Kmi
1

mvjvZ Aavq
30
gymvwdii mvjvZ
Ki gvMwieK ìx Ki Gkvi mgq GK Av`vq KivI

mybZ| hgbwU gnvbex [] KiwQjb|
mnR mva nj mdiKvixì Dci RvgvZ Ki bvgvR Av`vq
Kiv IqvwRe| Avi Zv bv nj mvg_ wnmve GKvKx Av`vq
Kie| wegvb ev cvwb RvnvR wKsev ijMvwo BZvw`Z
ùvwoq bvgvR coe| hw` bv cvi Ze em em Av`vq Kie
Ges iKy I mR`v Bkvivq Kie| diR bvgvR nj wKejvgyLx
nq coe Ges Zvi Rb AvRvb I GKvgZ Ìqv mybZ hwÌ
GKvKx nq bv Kb|
gymvwdii Rb evnbi wcV bdj bvgvR cov RvqR| Avi
mybZ njv ZKwei Zvnwigvi mgq wKejvgyLx nIqv hw` mnR
mva nq| Avi Zv bv nj h w`KB evnb hvK mw`K nq
bdj bvgvR coe ZvZ Kvb Amyweav bq| w`bi c_g fvM
mdii Rb ei nIqv mybZ| Avi gyvnve nQ mnR nj
enwZevi mdi Kiv| GKvKx mdi bv KivI mybZ| hw` wZb
Rb ev Gi AwaK nq Ze GKRbK Zvì Avwgi evbve|
gywKg Aevq evwoZ GK bvgvR Av`vhi weavb:
evwoZ _vKv Aevq hvni I Avmi A_ev gvMwie I Gkvi
bvgvR Ggb ivMx hvi h_v mgq coZ K nq, Zvi Rb GK
Av`vq Kiv RvqR| Abyic ewgq ivwZ A_ev Vvv ivwZ
wKsev Kv`vgvwU nj ev cP Vvv evZvm eBj| Hic gyvnvhv
(cì ivwMYx) gwnjv I eg~ ivMx Ges hvi wbRi ev cwievi
wKsev m` BZvwì Dci fq nq Zvi RbI RvqR|
mvjvZ Aavq
31
fq Aevi mvjvZ
(K) fq-AvZ Aevi mvjvZ

Bmjvg D`viZv I mnRi xb Avi diR bvgvRmg~ni iZ I
DcKvwiZvi w`K _K Kvb AevZ Zv ev` co bv| ZvB
hLb gymjgvbiv Avjvni ivvq wRnv` _vKb Ges Zvì
kì fq Kib, ZLb Zvì Rb wewfb fve fqi bvgvR
Av`vq Kiv RvqR AvQ| G bvgvRi cwm cwZjv nQ:
fq-fxwZi mgq mvjvZi cwZ:
1. hw` k c wKejvi w`K _vK Ze wbi cwZZ Av`vq
Kie:
Bgvg ZKwei Zvnwigv wèb Avi mbv`j Zuvi wcQb `yBwU
KvZvi nq ùvove| mKj GK m ZKwei wè I GKB m
iKz Kie Ges GKB mv_ DVe| Gici Bgvgi mv_i KvZviwU
Zuvi m mR`v Kie| Giv ùvovj wZxq KvZvi mR`v Kie
AZ:ci ùvove| Gici wZxq jvBb mvgb AvMve Avi c_g
jvBb wcQb wcQve| AZ:ci Bgvg mvne GìK wbq c_g
ivKvZi bvq wZxq ivKvZ Av`vq Kieb| Gici mKjK wbq
GK m mvjvg wdiveb|
2. hw` `ykgbiv wKejvi wecixZ w`K nq Ze wbi cwZZ
bvgvR coe:
(K) Bgvg mvne GKwU `j wbq ZKwei wèb Avi Aci `jwU
kì mvgb nq ùvove| ZvìK wbq GK ivKvZ Av`vq Ki
Bgvg ùvwoq _vKeb| Avi Giv wbRì bvgvR c~iY Ki wdi
hve I k ci mvgb ùvove| AZ:ci wZxq `jwU Bgvgi
wcQb Avme I wZwb ZvìK wbq evwK ivKvZ Av`vq Kieb|
Gici ZvivI wbRiv bvgvR c~iY Kie Avi Bgvg emB _vKeb|
AZ:ci ZvìK wbq mvjvg wdiveb| mbv`ji KiYxq nQ:
Zviv bvgvRi mgq nvjKv A m ivLe I `ykgbì evcvi
mZK _vKe|
mvjvZ Aavq
32
fq Aevi mvjvZ
(L) A_ev Bgvg Kvb GKwU `jK wbq `yB ivKvZ Av`vq Kieb
Ges G `jwU wbRiv mvjvg wdwiq Pj hve| Avi Bgvg eVK
Ki ùvoveb| AZ:ci wZxq `jwU Avmj Bgvg mvne ZvìK
wbq kli `yB ivKvZ Av`vq Ki ZvìK wbq mvjvg wdiveb|
Zvnj Bgvgi ne Pvi ivKvZ Avi cwZwU `ji ne `yB `yB
ivKvZ Ki|
(M) A_ev c_g `jwUK wbq `yB ivKvZi c~Y bvgvR kl Ki
mvjvg wdiveb| AZ:ci wZxq `jwUK wbq Abyic `yB ivKvZ
co mvjvg wdiveb|
(N) A_ev cwZwU `j Bgvgi m GK ivKvZ Ki Av`vq Kie|
hvi dj Bgvgi bvgvR ne `yB ivKvZ, Avi Kvb KvRv QvovB
cwZwU `ji bvgvR ne GK ivKvZ Ki|
G mKj cwZ mnxn nv`xm viv mymve|
3. hLb fq I AvgY Ges hy cP AvKvi aviY Kie ZLb
ùvwoq I mIqvix Aevq GK ivKvZ bvgvR coe| wKejvgyLx
nvK ev bv nvK Bkvivq iKy I mR`v Kie| Avi hw` bvgvR
coZ mg bv nq, Ze Zvì I kì gvS Avjvni
dqmvjv bv nIqv ch ìx Kie| AZc:i mgqgZ bvgvR
Kvqg Kie|
1. Avjvni evYx:
K J I HGFE D C BA{
Y X W V U T S R Q P O N M L
: z Z
Zvgiv bvgvRmg~ni ndvRZ Ki| Avi wekl Ki gai

(Avmii) bvgvRi ndvRZ Ki| Avi Avjvni Rb GKvMwP
ùvovI| hw` fq Ki Ze ùvwoq A_ev mIqvixZ bvgvR Av`vq
mvjvZ Aavq
33
fq Aevi mvjvZ
Ki| Avi hLb Zvgiv wbivc` ne ZLb Avjvn hgb wkv

w`qQb hv Zvgiv RvbZ bv mfve Zuvi wRwKi Ki|
[ m~iv evKviv: 238-239]
4"B? !a7 % 5% "/ A "*t5 . 4"5
:< = 8/ 9 :;
H *7/ 3 ) 3 /
.DC o
# ; x
% O
5# % 3 2o
# ; 1 *5 % mo); K
`
5# % 4"> .% " / . 4"5
.q;O75 .EU
2. Beb Avevm [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avjvn Zuvi bexi

Revb viv evwoZ _vKv Aevq bvgvR diR Ki w`qQb Pvi
ivKvZ| Avi mdii Rb `yB Ges fq AevZ GK ivKvZ|1
hLb gvMwiei bvgvR ne ZLb ZvZ Kmi ne bv ZLb Bgvg
mvne c_g `jwU wbq `yB ivKvZ coe Avi wZxqwUK GK
ivKvZ| A_ev Gi wecixZ c_gwUK GK ivKvZ Avi
wZxqwUK `yB ivKvZ cove|
. gymwjg nvt bs
34
mvjvZ Aavq
Rygvi mvjvZ
15- Rygvi mvjvZ

Rygvi mvjvZ wewaweavb Kivi nKgZ:
gymjgvbì gvS fvjevmv I gneZi ebK AUzU ivLvi
Rb Avjvn ZvAvjv wewfb aibi RgvqZi eev KiQb|
GKwU gnjv ev Mvgi RgvqZi Rb cuvP Iqv bvgvR| GKwU
knii RgvqZi Rb Rygv I Cì bvgvR| Avi wekevmxi
RgvqZi Rb gvq nR| Gjv gymjgvbì QvU, gag I eo
RgvqZ Z_v GK wgwjZ nIqvi GK Abb gvag I Dcvq|
Rygvi w`bi dwRjZ:
sH BG BU :< = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
*7*5 4 ./ 9 :; A G P ) 3 /
BU .% % D *L
5# J U% F .% % s F } 0 "% U .% % D% o L
5# s G N
*(5 .% " /
o "
."& .EU
.D% o L
5# s G % 45+ D/*5 s X 5 8 &%
Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ bex [] ejQb: m~h Dw`Z nqQ
Ggb w`bi ga mevg w`b njv Rygvi w`b| G w`b Av`g
[]K mw Kiv nqQ, G w`b ZuvK RvbvZ cek Kiv nqQ
I G w`bB ZuvK RvbvZ _K ei Kiv nqQ| Avi Rygvi w`b
Qvov Ab Kvb w`b wKqvgZ AbywZ ne bv|1
Rygvi bvgvRi Kzg:
Rygvi bvgvR `yivKvZ| Bnv cwZwU gymwjg, cyil, evjM,
weeKevb, ^vaxb, Ni-evwo evwbq GKwU Rbc` vqxfve emevm
Ki Ggb ewi Dci Rygvi bvgvR diR| Rygvi bvgvR bvix,
ivMx, wk, gymvwdi I `vm-`vmxi Dci diR bq| Gì ga hviv
Rygvi bvgvR nvwRi ne Zvi bvgvR h_ nq hve| Avi
gymvwdi hw` Kvb vb AeZiY Ki Avi mLvbi AvRvb bZ
cvq Ze Zvi Rb Rygv Av`vq Kiv Riix nq hve|
1
. gymwjg nvt bs 854
mvjvZ Aavq
35
Rygvi mvjvZ
Rygvi bvgvRi mgq:

Rygvi bvgvRi Dg mgq njv m~h Xjvi ci _K hvnii
mgq kl nIqv ch| Ze m~h Xjvi c~eI Av`vq Kiv RvqR
AvQ|
Rygvi AvRvb:
Dg njv Rygvi bvgvRi Rb c_g I wZxq AvRvbi ga
Ggb mgq _vKv hvZ Ki GKRb gymwjg wekl Ki hviv `~i,
Nyg I Mvdj Zviv bvgvRi Rb cwZ MnY I Rygvi Avè Ges
mybZjv Av`vq K'i bvgvRi Rb hZ cvi|
Rygv Kvqg Kivi kZmg~n:
Rygvi bvgvR Zvi mgqi ga Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe| Avi
Rbcì ga nZ Kgc `yB ev wZb Rb hb DcwZ nq|
bvgvRi c~e `ywU Lyrev nZ ne hvZ _vKe Avjvni cksmv,
Zuvi wRwKi I Kwiqv| Aviv _vKe Avjvn I Zuvi im~ji
AvbyMZi cwZ Drmvn c`vb I Avjvni ZvKIqvi AwmqZ|
Rygvi bvgvR hvnii bvgvRi Rb h_| ZvB Rygvi ci
hvnii bvgvR Av`vq Kiv we`vAvZ| Avi Rygvi bvgvRi
ndvRZ Kiv diR| h ew AjmZv Ki cii wZbwU Rygv
ZvM Ki Avjvn Zvqvjv Zvi Ai gvni gi `b|
Rygvi bvgvRi Rb Mvmj Kiv I mKvj mKvj gmwR`
hvIqvi dwRjZ:
3 B& :< = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 < >; 4 . / . 4"5 :
% ; A G P ) 3 /
B% c
; 3 B& DC B6 ) w
*= *\! c
; *R D% )L
5# J
b D% o L
5# s G J
2b#
m(7
w
*= *\! D% $5%4$5 D% / *5 % c
; 3 & AC X ) w
*= *\! D% 4$5 D% / *5
D% / B*5 % c
; 3 & DC E EF w
*= *\! D% o )*5 D% / *5 % c
; 3 & =#
o% 2BG DB!W%" 5# Y
BKS s &5#
U DC K
) w
*= *\! D%
&% O5#
.."/ 012&.
# 5
mvjvZ Aavq
36
Rygvi mvjvZ
1. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ im~jyjvn [] ejQb: h ew

Rygvi w`b RvbveZi Mvmj Kij| AZ:ci gmwR` Mj m
hb GKwU DU Kzievwb Kij| Avi h wZxq gyn~Z Mj m hb
GKwU Mi Kzievwb Kij| Avi h ZZxq gyn~Z Mj m hb
GKwU wksIqvjv `y^v Kzievwb Kij| Avi h PZz_ gyn~Z Mj
m hb GKwU gyiwM Kzievwb Kij| Avi h cg gyn~Z Mj
m hb GKwU wWg Kzievwb Kij| AZ:ci hLb Bgvg mvne
ei nq Avmb ZLb dikZvMY wRwKi bZ _vKb| 1
.% B" / . B4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 < >;
o % > ./ 9 :; u1% X 4$5
H 3 )
3 /
B5 B(& B!2) 4!) *R J
2b# D% o L
5# s G J *b 3 & :<XG 4">
BE DZ B> JB/ AZ Q# U J!) . 5
#"G 5 I 2> s &5# 3 &% F

G
..E& 3) FF ) .EU.8&% =%
8&% ?
%
2. AvIm Beb AvIm kvKvdx [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avwg

im~jyjvn []K ejZ bwQ: h ew Rygvi w`b Zvi xK
Mvmj Kivj I wbR Mvmj Kij| AZ:ci AbK Rjw`
Kivj I wbRI mKvj mKvj cvq nuU gmwR` Mj Ges
Bgvgi wbKU emj I Kvb Ab_K KvR bv Ki Bgvgi Lyrev
bjv| Zvi cwZwU Pjvi cì mIqve ivRv I Zvnvy`
mwwjZ GK eQii mgvb bwK eivei ne|2
Rygvi Rb Mvmji mgq:
Rygvi bvgvRi Rb Mvmj Kiv I hvIqvi gyvnve mgq i
nq dRi _K| Avi G mgq Rygv Av`vqi c~e ch PjZ _vK
Ges Rygvi Rb hvIqvi c~e ch Mvmj ìx Kiv Dg|
. eyLvix nvt bs 881 k ZviB I gymwjg nvt bs 850

. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 345 k ZviB, Bbb gvRvn nvt bs 1087
mvjvZ Aavq
37
Rygvi mvjvZ
Rygvi Rb hvIqvi Dg mgq:

1. Rygvi Rb hvIqvi Dg mgq Avi nq m~h DVv nZB| Avi
Rygvi Rb hvIqvi IqvwRe mgq njv Bgvgi ceki ci
wZxq AvRvbi mgq|
2. gymwjg ew cuvPwU gyn~Z Rvbvi Pv Kie| m~h DVv _K
Bgvg ei nq Avmv ch mgqK cuvP fvM fvM Kie hvi vi
m cwZwU gyn~Z RvbZ cvie|
Rygvi w`b mdi Kivi weavb:
Kvb cqvRb eZxZ wZxq AvRvbi ci Rygvi w`b mdi
Kiv RvqR bB| cqvRb hgb: mx ev cwienb Mvwo ev cvwb
RvnvR ev wegvb QyU hvIqvi fq|
Avjvni evYx:
N M L K J I H G F E D C B A{
: z W V U T S R Q PO
n Cgvb`viMY! hLb Rygvi w`b bvgvRi Rb Avnvb Kiv nq

ZLb Avjvni whwKii w`K QyU Avm| Avi eemv-evwYR cwinvi
Ki| BnvB Zvgvì Rb Dg hw` Zvgiv AeMZ nZ|
[m~iv RygyAv: 9]
gvme~K KLb Rygv cqQ aiv hve:
h ew Bgvgi mv_ GK ivKvZ Rygvi bvgvR cve m wZxq
ivKvZ co Rygvi bvgvR cyiv Ki wbe| Avi h GK ivKvZi
Pq Kg cve A_vr wZxq ivKvZi iKz cve bv m hvnii
wbqZ Kie Ges Pvi ivKvZ bvgvR Av`vq Kie|
Bgvg Rygvi Rb KLb Avmeb:
gyvw`ì Rb mybZ njv Rygv, C` I ewi bvgvRi Rb
mKvj mKvj Avmv| Avi Bgvgi Rb mybZ njv Rygv I ewi
bvgvRi Rb Lyrevi mgq Avi Cì Rb bvgvRi mgq Avmv|
mvjvZ Aavq
38
Rygvi mvjvZ
Lyrev Kgb ne:

mybZ njv Bgvg mvne Rygvi Rb QvU Ki gyL Lyrev
wèb| Avi hw` KvMR jL Lyrev `b Ze Zv Zuvi Wvb nvZ
aieb| cqvRb nj Bgvg mvne jvwV ev abyK wKsev g^vii
Ìqvji Dci evg nvZ viv Vm ev njvb wèb|
mybZ njv whwb fvj Aviwe Rvbb wZwb Rygvi `ywU Lyrev
AviweZ c`vb Kieb| Avi hw` DcwZ RbMY Aviwe bv
eyS, Ze Zvì fvlv viv Abyev` KivB Dg| ZvI hw` me
bv nq, Ze Zvì fvlvq Lyrev c`vb Kieb| wK bvgvR
Aviwe Qvov Ab Kvb fvlvq mwVK ne bv|
gymvwdii cwZ Rygv wK IqvwRe?
hw` Kvb gymvwdi Ggb kni nq AwZg Ki hLvb Rygv
AbywZ nq I m AvRvbI b Ges mLvb wekvg bIqvi BQv
Ki, Ze Zvi cwZ Rygvi bvgvR Av`vq Kiv Riix nq coe|
Avi hw` Zvì wbq Lyrev `q I Rygvi bvgvR Av`vq Ki Ze
mKji bvgvRI mnxn ne|
LwZei Yvejx:

Q U + 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>;
< = .% 4"5 6% 7 / 3 ) )E 3 /
!`*7?
<XG
H E ; % & . *\
*2S .7K
b *62{ . ?
"/ T / Y
* S
."& .EU
.
*&
Rvei Beb Avyjvn [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn []

hLb Lyrev c`vb KiZb ZLb Zvi Pz `ywU jvj nq hZ,
AvIqvR DuPz nZ I Zuvi ivM eo hZ| GgbwK hb wZwb Kvb
mbv`j _K fq c`kbKvix| wZwb ejZb: Zvgvì mKvj I
Zvgvì weKvj (GUv fq c`kbi Kgv)|1
. gymwjg nvt bs 867
mvjvZ Aavq
39
Rygvi mvjvZ
Bgvg cek Ki wK Kieb:

wZbwU i wewk g^vi ùvwoq Bgvgi Lyrev Ìqv mybZ|
Bgvg gmwR` cek KiB g^vi DVeb Ges gymjxì mvgb
Ki mvjvg wèb| Gici gyqvwbi AvRvb kl nIqv ch em
_vKeb| AZ:ci ùvwoq c_g Lyrev c`vb Kieb| Gici emeb
AZ:ci ùvwoq wZxq Lyrev c`vb Kieb| Avi Kvb cqvRb
Lyrev e Ki Avevi Rvwi ivLv RvqR AvQ|
Lyrevi cwZ:
KLbv LyrevZzj nvRvZ (weqi Lyrev) Avevi KLbv Ab Lyrev
viv Avi Kieb| LyrevZzj nvRvZi kjv nQ:
; { 3 &% 9
) o z%. 5+ w
2 zT 1% 2
z. o% 2
zT6 `
9
6 `
5# 4+
q
F% BP
J# "% K
uG 3 & z.5 4JK
% &
9
T% 6% 8 G 3 & z5%/ Y
% ]a> 3 &% z
1
.. 5>; T 6 7 / m6*`
& 4 6 8 { z.5 g
G { T 6 S 9
4+ . 5+ 4 # 6 8 { .. 5

z ` _ ^ ] \ [ Z Y X W V U T{
:
O N M L K J I H G F E D C B A{
z _ ^ ] \ [ Z YX W V U T S RQ P

:
~ } | { zy x w v u{
:
z
.% " / 9
4"?
6Z *`
& q
6 P q
6 8 5# U z9 w
2
%
% G6% `
5# U 4 6 o ) *&
4J
zhD5
:
DZ / 6 ) 4J
zhD/ 6 ) DZ R6 `
& 4J
z8R6 `
& ; & *{ 4">
40
mvjvZ Aavq
. E & 3 ) uW%*5 F F ) . E U
Rygvi mvjvZ
.; *5 % DZ 5
:

Lyrevi welq:
bex [] I Zuvi mvnvevMYi Lyrevjvi welq e wQj ZvInx`,
Cgvb, Avjvni Yvejxi eYbv, Cgvbi g~j, Avjvni wbqvgZivwRi
DjL hvi viv Zuvi mwi KvQ wcq nIqv hvq, H mKj w`bi
DjL hvi viv ZuvK fq cvq, Avjvni wRwKi I Kwiqvi wb`k,
`ywbqv`vwii cwZ NYv mwKiY, gZzi iY, RvbvZ I Rvnvbvgi
eqvb, Avjvn I Zuvi im~ji AvbyMZi cwZ Drmvn c`vb I cvc
Kvhvw` _K eviY BZvw`|
Bgvg Zuvi LyrevZ Avjvni eoZ I gnZ, Zuvi bvg I Yvejx
Ges wbqvgZmg~ni DjL Kieb| Avjvni AvbyMZ, Kwiqv,
iY I hvi viv gvbyl Avjvni wcq nZ cvi Zvi wb`k èb|
Gi dj Zviv wdi Avme Avjvni c_ Ges Avjvn ZvìK
fvjevmeb I ZivI AvjvnK fvjevme| Avi Zvì Ai Cgvb
I fq viv fi hve Ges Zvì w`j I A-cZ Avjvni
wRwKi, AvbyMZ I Gev`Z Kivi Rb AMmi ne|
Lyrev I mvjvZi cwigvY:
Bgvgi Rb mybZ njv mybZ gvZveK LyrevK QvU Kiv I
bvgvRK `xN Kiv|
. B4"5 4"B? .% 4"5 < >; I & "?

:< = ./ 9 :; A > 3 ) )E 3 /
."& .EU
.m6t
= . 27Q# U m6t
= . "?

! 4"> .% " /
Rvei Beb mvgyiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avwg im~jyjvn

[]-Gi mv_ Rygvi bvgvR Av`vq KiwQ| Zuvi bvgvR wQj
gacvi I Zuvi LyrevI wQj gacvi|2
1
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 2118, bvmvC nvt bs 1578, Beb gvRvn nvt bs
1892 Gi g~j mnxn gymwjg nvt bs 867 I 868 AvQ
2
. gymwjg nvt bs 866
mvjvZ Aavq
41
Rygvi mvjvZ
LZxei Rb gyvnve njv Zuvi LyrevB wZwb KziAvb _K cvV

Kieb| Avi KLbv KLbv Lyrev wèb m~iv Kd viv|
Lyrevi Rb emvi cwZ:
Bgvg hLb Lyrevi Rb emeb ZLb gyvw`MYi Rb gyvnve
njv ZvivI BgvgK mvgb Ki emv| KviY Bnv Aii DcwwZ
I LZxeK ciYv Ges Nyg _K `~i _vKvi Rb Dchy|
Rygvi bvgvRi cwZ:
Rygvi bvgvR `yB ivKvZ| mybZ njv c_g ivKvZ ^k m~iv
dvwZnv cvVi ci m~iv RygyAv I wZxq ivKvZ m~iv gybvwdK~b cvV
Kiv| A_ev c_g ivKvZ m~iv RygAv I wZxq ivKvZ m~iv
Mvwkqvn| A_ev c_g ivKvZ m~iv Avjv I wZxq ivKvZ Mvwkqvn
m~iv cvV Kiv| hw` Ab Kvb m~iv cvV Ki ZeyI RvqR| `yB
ivKvZ Av`vq kl mvjvg wdive|
Rygvi bvgvRi mybZ bvgvRmg~n:
mybZ nQ Rygvi diR bvgvRi ci evwoZ `yB ivKvZ mybZ
bvgvR cov| Avi KLbv KLbv `yB mvjvg Pvi ivKvZ cov| hw`
gmwR` co Ze `yB mvjvg Pvi ivKvZ Av`vq Kiv| Avi Rygvi
diRi c~e wbw` Kvb mybZ bq eis hZ ivKvZ PvBe ZvB
coe|
Lyrev PjvKvwjb K_v ejvi weavb:
LyreviZ Aevq K_v ejj mIqve web ne I cvc mshy
ne| myZivs Bgvgi Lyrev Ìqv Kvwjb Kvb cKvi K_v ejv
Pje bv| wK Bgvg I cqvRb whwb Zuvi m K_v ejeb m
eZxZ| mvjvg I nuvwPi Di Ìqv hve| DcKviv_ Lyrevi c~e
I ci K_v ejv RvqR| Rygvi w`b Bgvgi LyreviZ Aevq
gvbyli Kuva cvov w`q Pjv nvivg| Abyic Bgvgi Lyrev Kvwjb
BnwZev Z_v cv I wcV Kvco ev nvZ viv eua Vm w`q emv
gKin|
42
mvjvZ Aavq
Rygvi mvjvZ
kni Rygvi bvgvR Kvqg Kivi weavb:

kni ev Mvg kZ c~iY nj Rygv Kvqg Kiv hve ZvZ
`ki iv cavbi AbygwZi cqvRb bq| Avi GKB kni
GKvwaK Rygv cqvRb Qvov Kvqg Kiv RvqR bq| cqvRb nj
iv cavbi AbygwZ g RvqR AvQ| Rygvi bvgvR kni I
Mvg Kvqg Kiv hve wK e`yCb GjvKv I gif~wgZ Pje bv|
Bgvgi LyreviZ Aevq KD cek Kij wK Kie:
Rygvi w`b Bgvgi LyreviZ Aevq h gmwR` cek Kie m
nvjKv Ki `yB ivKvZ bvgvR co eme| Avi h gmwR` emv
Aevq Z`vQb ne Zvi Rb mybZ njv vb cwieZb Kiv|
Rygvi w`b Mvmji weavb:
1. Rygvb w`b Mvmj Kiv mybZ gyqvv`v| Avi hvi kixi `yM hv
viv dikZv I gvbyl K cvq Zvi cwZ Mvmj Kiv IqvwRe|
.."/ 012&
.H "% 2`

& J
"/
' E D% o L
5# s G J 5#
gnvbex [] ejQb: Rygvi w`b cwZwU mvevjK gvbyli cwZ

Mvmj Kiv IqvwRe|1
2. Rygvi w`bi Mvmji ci mybZ njv cwivi nIqv I myMw
eenvi Kiv| Avi mePq myì cvkvK cwiavb Kiv| mKvj
mKvj gmwRì w`K hvIqv| Bgvgi cvk emv| Avi hv PvBe
bvgvR cov Ges ewk ewk `vq, ì` I KziAvb ZjvIqvZ Kiv|
Bgvg mvne Lyrev I bvgvR `vwqZ cvjb Kieb| Ze IRii
Rb GKRb Lyrev Ìqv I AciRb bvgvR covbv RvqR
AvQ|
Rygvi w`b hv cov mybZ:
Rygvi w`bi ivwZ ev w`b m~iv Kvnvd cvV Kiv mybZ| Avi
h m~iv Kvnvd Rygvi w`b ZjvIqvZ Kie Zvi Rb `yB Rygvi
gvSi mgqUv Avjv viv AvjwKZ Ki Ìqv ne|
1
. eyLvix nvt bs 858 I gymwjg nvt bs 846
mvjvZ Aavq
43
Rygvi mvjvZ
Rygvi w`b dRii mvjvZ hv cov mybZ:

Rygvi w`bi dRii diR bvgvR Bgvg mvnei Rb c_g
ivKvZ m~iv mvR`v I wZxq ivKZ m~iv `vnvi-Bbmvb cov mybZ|
Lyrev PjvKvwjb `vqv Kivi weavb:
Lyrev PjvKvwjb Bgvg I gyvwì Rb `vqvi mgq nvZ
Dvjb Kiv RvqR bq| Ze Bgvg hw` ewi Rb `vqv Kib
Ze wZwb nvZ DVveb I gyvw`MYI Zvì nvZ Dvjb Kieb|
Avi `vqvZ wbPz k Avgxb Avvgxb ejv ea AvQ|
gyvnve njv Bgvg mvne Zuvi LyrevZ `vqv Kieb| Avi
Dg njv wZwb Bmjvg I gymjgvb I Zvì ndvRZ Ges
mvnvh I Avcvli Aii gvS fvjevmv BZvwì Rb `vqv
Kieb| Bgvg mvne `vqvi mgq Zuvi nvZ bv DwVq Avyj
viv Bkviv Kieb|
`vqv Keyji Dg mgq:
Rygvi w`b Avmii ci w`bi klfvM `vqv Keyji Avkv
Kiv hvq| G mgq ewk ewk `vqv I wRwKi Kiv gyvnve| G mgq
`vqv Keyj nIqvi eo Dchy mgq| G gyn~ZwU LyeB A gv|
s BG B
4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 < >; 4 ./ 9 :; A G P ) 3 /
C] { . 4"5 <\
G "t
G ' W%= P ' "%
& 6' 7 / 8X% G 5 Dh / > .% % :< X D% o L
5#
.."/ 012&.8" "X G
T% 6% ) 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?

.% 4"5 <>; ; { .T *G+ T Q/ 45+
Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn [] Rygvi

w`bi K_v DjL Ki ejb: Rygvi w`b Ggb GKwU gynZ
~ iqQ
h mgq Kvb gymwjg ev`v ùvwoq bvgvRiZ Aevq Avjvni wbKU
hv PvBe Avjvn ZvK ZvB wèb| wZwb m mgqi mZvi cwZ
nvZ viv BwZ Kib|1
. eyLvix nvt bs 935 k ZvBi I gymwjg nvt bs 852
mvjvZ Aavq
44
Rygvi mvjvZ
Rygvi mvjvZ ZvM Kivi weavb:

hvi Rygvi bvgvR QyU hve m hvni Pvi ivKvZ Av`vq Ki
wbe| hw` Zvi Kvb IRi _vK Ze bvnMvi ne bv| Avi hw`
Kvb IRi bv _vK Ze bvnMvi ne; KviY m Rygvi bvgvRi
evcvi Aenjv KiQ|
l B 3 & :< = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 < >; 4 9 :; 6% o L
5# ) 3 /
.q&25 FF ) .EU..% 7"# =
"/ . 4"5 I 7 8) m 8 IH E

"R
Aveyj RvAv` [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn [] ejQb:

h ew AjmZv Ki wZbwU Rygv ZvM Kie Avjvn Zvi Ai
gvni gi wèb|1
Cì w`b Rygv nj Zvi weavb:
hw` Cì bvgvR Rygvi w`b nq Ze hviv Cì bvgvR nvwRi
ne Zvì Dci Rygvi bvgvR nvwRi nIqv iwnZ nq hve| Zviv
hvnii Pvi ivKvZ Av`vq Kie| wK Bgvgi Dci _K iwnZ
ne bv| Abyic hviv Cì bvgvR nvwRi nqwb ZvivI| Avi hviv
Cì bvgvR Av`vq KiQ Zviv hw` Rygvi bvgvR Av`vq Ki Ze
h_ nq hve, ZvìK hvni coZ ne bv|
. nv`xmwU nvmvb-mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 1052 k ZviB, wZiwghx nvt bs 500
mvjvZ Aavq
45
bdj mvjvZ
16- bdj mvjvZ

bdj mvjvZ wewa weavb Kivi nKgZ:
Avjvn Zvqvjvi ingZi ewn:cKvki GKwU AbZg w`K
njv: wZwb kwiqZi weavbic cZK diRi Abyic bdj c`vb
KiQb; hb m bdji viv gywgbi Cgvb ew cvq Ges
wKqvgZi w`b Ac~Y diRjv c~Y Kiv hvq| Zvnj eySv Mj
diRmg~n KLbv Ac~YI nZ cvi|
myZivs hfve diR mvjvZ I wmqvg (ivRv) iqQ, wVK
Zgwbfve bdj bvgvR I ivRvI iqQ| Gfve nR I Q`Kv
BZvw`ZI diR hgb AvQ Zgwb AvQ bdj| Avi ev`v G
bdj viv Avjvn ZvAvjvi bKU ARb KiZ KiZ Ggb chvq
cuQ h Avjvn ZvK fvjevmZ _vKb|
bdj mvjvZi cKvi:
bdj mvjvZ wewfb cKvi:
1. Kvb Kvb bdj bvgvR RvgvZi mv_ Av`vq KiZ nq|
hgb: Zvivwen, ewi Rb, m~hM nY I `yB Cì bvgvR|
2. Kvb Kvb bdji Avevi RvgvZ bvB| hgb: GLvivi
bvgvR|
3. Kvb Kvb bdj diRi mv_ mswk| hgb: (diRi AvMi
I cii) mybZ ivZev hv mybZ gyqvv`v bvg cwiwPZ|
4. Avevi KvbUv mswk bq| hgb: hynv ev PvkZi bvgvR|
5. KZjv bdji wbw` mgq Av`vq KiZ nq| hgb:
Zvnvy` bvgvR|
6. Avevi wKQy bdji wbw` Kvb mgq bq| hgb: mvaviY
bdjmg~n|
7. wKQy bdj KviYekZ: AvQ| hgb: ZvwnqvZzj gmwR` (`yLyjyj
gmwR`)|
mvjvZ Aavq
46
bdj mvjvZ
8. Avevi KZjv KviY QvovI AvQ| hgb: mvaviY bdj

bvgvR|
9. KZjv ZvwK`c~Y (iZcY~ )| hgb: `yB Cì mvjvZ, ewi
Rb bvgvR I m~hM nYi mvjvZ, weZii mvjvZ|
10. ZvwK` Qvov bdjI AvQ| hgb: gvMwiei c~ei `yivKvZ
bdj BZvw`|
GfveB ev`vi Dci Avjvni KiYvi ewn:cKvk NUQ h, wZwb
kwiqZ Ggb weavb iLQb hv viv Zuvi bKU ARb nq| wZwb
Gev`Zi wewfb cKvi KiQb; hb ev`vì ghv`v ew nq,
Zvì bvni gvRbv nq I mIqve ew cvq| myZivs mKj cksmv
I KZZv GKgv ZuviB|
47
mvjvZ Aavq
mybZ ivZev
K - mybZ ivZev
mybvb ivZev: diR bvgvRi AvM A_ev ci h mKj mybZ
bvgvR Av`vq Kiv nq|
mybvb ivZevi cKvi:
1. mybvZ gyqvv`v (ZvwK`hy)| Bnv 12 ivKvZ h_v:
bs
1
2
3
4
mvjvZi bvg
Rvni
gvMwie
Gkv
dRi
gvU
AvM
ci
4
2
2
2
2
12 ivKvZ
:
B5= B8* 4"B> .% " / . 4"5 4"? a7*5
8/ 9 :; D 77S as 3 /
.% B4"5% "t
G H "%
& 6Z 7 / 3 &% & :<XG 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 < >;
o % >
45+ D% *L
5# % m2 ) . 5 . 4"5 ) 45+ DZ K
G b m/uQ DC o
# ; A (
/ 2 R% sH G 4J
."& .EU.
D% *L
5# %
' ) . 5 )
bex []-Gi x D nvexev (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avwg

im~jyjvn []K ejZ bwQ: h Kvb gymwjg ev`v (ew) diR
Qvov cwZw`b 12 ivKvZ bvgvR Av`vq Kie Zvi Rb Avjvn
RvbvZ GKwU Ni Zix Kieb, A_ev Zvi Rb RvbvZ GKwU Ni
Zix Kiv ne|1
KLbv KLbv bex [] 10ivKvZI coZb| A_vr AvMi gZB
Ze Rvnii diRi AvM 4ivKvZi RvqMvq 2ivKvZ Av`vq
KiZb|
1.gymwjg nvt bs 728
mvjvZ Aavq
48
mybZ ivZev
B8^ 5 J 7 = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?

.% 4"5 < >; I &
4"?
:< = / 3 ) 3 /
6 o ) 3 6 L
> j (o% 5# 6 o ) 3 6 L
> w
5# 6 o ) 3 6 L
> P6 o ) 3 6 L
>
. B4"5 4"?
a7*5 I &
4"t
Do L
5# j (o% 5# w
5# *&\ 3 6 L
> D% o L
5#
.."/ 012&. .% 2% ) % 4"> .% " /
Beb Dgvi (iv:) _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: Avwg im~jyjvn [] -Gi
mv_ mvjvZ Av`vq KiwQ| Rvnii AvM 2ivKvZ ci 2ivKvZ;
gvMwiei ci 2ivKvZ, Gkvi ci 2ivKvZ Ges Rygvi ci
2ivKvZ| Ze gvMwie, Gkv I Rygvi mybZ bex []-Gi mv_ Zuvi
Ni Av`vq KiwQ|1
2. mybvZ Mvqi gyqvv`v hv me`v KiYxq bv:
Avmi, gvMwie I Gkvi AvM 2ivKvZ Ki| Avmii AvMi
4ivKvZ bdji ndvRZ Kiv mybZ|
mvaviY bdj mvjvZi weavb:
mvaviY bdj ivZ I w`b `yB `yB ivKvZ Ki Av`vq Kiv ea|
Ze iv Zv ewk Dg|
mevwaK ZvwK`hy mybZ:
mybZ bvgvRmg~ni ga mevwaK ZvwK`hy mybZ njv dRii
bvgvRi AvMi `yB ivKvZ mybZ| Ze Zv ewk j^v bv Ki
nvjKvfve Av`vq KivB mybZ| c_g ivKvZ m~iv dvwZnvi ci
m~iv Kvwdib I wZxq ivKvZ m~iv dvwZnvi ci m~iv GLjvm cvV
Kie|
A_ev c_g ivKvZ
_ ^ ] \ [ Z Y X W V U T S{
m l k j i h g f e d c b a `
1. eyLvix nvt bs 937 I gymwjg nvt bs 729 k ZviB
mvjvZ Aavq
49
[m~iv evKviv: 136]

I wZxq ivKvZ:
mybZ ivZev
: z r q p o n
h g f e d c b a ` _ ^ ] \ [ Z{
x w v u t sr q p o n m l k j i
[m~iv Avj Bgivb: 64 ] : z z y

Avi KLbv KLbv G AvqvZ cvV Kiv mybZ:
{
: z
[m~iv Avj Bgivb: 52 ]

G mKj ZvwK`hy mybZ (mybvZ gyqvv`v) Kvb IRi ev
KviY Av`vq KiZ bv cvij Zv Kvhv Kiv mybZ|
hw` KD Ihy Ki Kvb AvRvbi ci gmwR` cek Ki|
D`vniY îc Rvnii AvRvbi ci gmwR` cek Ki Ges
Rvnii AvMi `yB ivKvZ mybZ, Ihyi mybZ I ZvwnqvZzj
gvmwRì mybZ GKmv_ wbqZ Ki aygv `yB ivKvZ bvgvR
Av`vq Ki Ze Zv h_ ne|
diR bvgvR I Zvi AvM ev cii mybZ bvgvRi gvS h
Kvb K_vevZv ej ev vb cwieZb Ki bIqv mybZ|
G mKj bdj bvgvRjv gmwR` ev Ni Av`vq Kiv hZ
cvi| Ze Ni Av`vq KivB Dg| Kbbv, im~jyjvn [`:]
ejb:
4+ .% B%2 ) % j 5# A" ?
A% "*t5 J K
# 4 !%) %
*5 8uG ^"t
.....
.."/ 012&. D )2!# 5#
mvjvZ Aavq
50
mybZ ivZev
--- n jvK mKj! Zvgiv Zvgvì Ni bvgvR Av`vq Ki;

Kbbv gvbyli Dg bvgvR njv Zvi Nii bvgvR| wK diR
bvgvR Qvov|1
bdj mvjvZi cwZ:
1. ùvovbvi mvg_ _vKv mI bdj bvgvR em cov RvqR| Ze
ùvwoq Av`vq KivB Dg| wK diR bvgvR ùvovbv bvgvRi
ivKb () hv eZxZ bvgvRB ne bv| Ze Kviv ùvovbv mvg_
bv _vKj m mvg_ Abymvi bvgvR Av`vq Kie| hgbwU c~e
ewYZ nqQ|
2. IRi Qvov bdj bvgvR em Av`vq Kij `vuwoq Av`vqKvixi
AaK mIqve cve| Ze IRi _vKj m c~Y mIqve cve|
bdj bvgvR Kvb IRi q Av`vq KijI m ùvwoq
Av`vqKvixi gZ c~Y mIqve cve| wK hw` webv IRi q q
Av`vq Ki Ze m em bdj bvgvR Av`vqKvixi AaK mIqve
cve|
1.eyLvix nvt bs 731, gymwjg nvt bs 781 nv`xmi kjv e eyLvixi
51
mvjvZ Aavq
wbwl mgqmg~n
wbwl mgqmg~n
mvjvZi wbwl mgq 5wU:
6 Bo) A "?
5 : 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>; < =:< = *q; 6 O
5# 6Z %o> ) 3 /
I B"#Q B*2S BL1 5# A% " B? 6 Bo) A "B? 5 N
*(5 w
*2S t
o 5# A% "?

.."/ 012&.N
*(5
1. Avey mvC` Lyìx (iv:) _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn []

ejQb: Avmii mvjvZi ci _K m~hv ch Kvb bdj
mvjvZ bq Ges dRii mvjvZi ci _K m~hv`q ch Kvb
bdj mvjvZ bq|1
.% B4"5 <>;
Y
Z /> "R :< = ./ 9 :; *8 L
5# H &% / 3 ) D 7X# / 3 /
I B"#Q n
S% & *38 % 7X# # *38 % "t
# 8 G 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?

n
B%S N
*(5 J % *2S A% k
8 45 W%= s XG n
S% I 1% *2S DC b ) N
*(5
."& .EU
.w
*2S w
"# 5% N
*(5
*K

2. DKev Beb Avgi (iv:) _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: wZb mgq

im~jyjvn [] AvgvìK mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ Ges Avgvì gZz
ewK Kei KiZ wbla KiZb| Avi Zv nj m~hv`qi mgq
_K wKQyUv Dci DVv ch| 2 wcni _K m~h cwg AvKvk
Xj hvIqv ch Ges m~h Wyevi c~e gyn~Z ch mgq|3
Avmii mvjvZi ciI mvaviY bdj mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv ea,
hw` m~hi Avjv Dj I ^Q Aevq _vK|
. eyLvix nvt bs 486 I gymwjg nvt bs 827 nv`xmi e kjv gymwjgi

. D`q iy _K cvq 15 wgwbU ch wbwl mgqi Afy
| Abyev`K
3
. gymwjg nvt bs 831
2
mvjvZ Aavq
52
wbwl mgqmg~n
6 Bo) A% "B*t5 3 / 8 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?

*7*5 4 ./ 9 :; "% / 3 /
.W5 FF ) .EU.Dh o 1% &
N
*(5 45+ t
o 5#
Avjx (iv:) _K ewYZ, bex [] Avmii ci Kvb bdj mvjvZ

Av`vq KiZ wbla KiQb| wK hw` m~h Dci Aevb Ki,
Zvnj mvjvZ Av`vq Pje|1
wbwl mgq mvjv` Av`vqi weavb:
1. Dciv cvuP Iqv diRmg~ni KvRv, ZIqvdi `yB ivKvZ
bdj Ges wekl KviYekZ: bvgvR hgb: ZvwnqvZzj gmwR`,
ZvwnqvZzj Ihy I m~h ev P`MnYi mvjvZ BZvw` Av`vq Kiv
Rvqh|
2. IRiM ewi Rb dRii mybZ dRii diR bvgvRi ci
KvRv Kiv ea AvQ| G fve hvnii mybZ Avmii mvjvZi
ci KvRv KiZ cvi|
3. gvi nvivg kixd h Kvb mgq mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv Rvqh
AvQ|
B) G :< = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
*7*5 4 ./ 9 :; H o% Q# & 3 ) 7E 3 /
JH B5 3 B%& ji { DZ / > D *G 4"?

% 75# 8 ) x
m6S o 5 x
Z & 6% 7 /
..E& 3) q&25 .EU
.;H 8
RyevBi Beb gyZwqg (iv:) _K ewYZ, bex [] ejb: n

Ave` gybvdi mvbiv! ivZ I w`b h Kvb mgq h Kvb ew
GB Nii ZIqvd Kij I mvjvZ Av`vq Kij ZvK euvav wÌ
bv|2
1
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vD` nvt bs 1274, bvmvC nvt bs 573| Bnv Kvb mvnvexi gZ|
Ze AwaKvsk Djvgv Gmgq wekl KviYekZ: bdj Qvov mvavbY bdj gKin
ejQb| Abyev`K
2
. nv`xmwU mnxn, wZiwghx nvt bs 868, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 1245
mvjvZ Aavq
53
Zvnvyì mvjvZ
L-Zvnvyì mvjvZ
wKqvgyj jvBji weavb:
wKqvgyj jvBj: ivi bdj mvjvZ; GUv mvaviY bdj bvgvRi
Afy, Ze Zv mybvZ gyqvv`v (ZvwK`c~Y mybZ)| Avjvn
ZvAvjv Zuvi im~j []K G bvgvRi Av`k `vb KiQb|
1. Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb:
RQP ON ML K JIHG F E D C B A {
:$% z U T S
n eveZ! ivw RvMiY Ki, wKQy Ask eZxZ| Aa ivw wKsev

Z`cv A| A_ev Z`cv ewk| Avi KziAvb cvV Ki axi
axi, , we I myìfve| [m~iv gyvwj: 1-4]
2. Avjvn Zvqvjv Aviv ejb:
z y x w v u t s r q p o n m{
:'&
Avi ivwi wKQy Ask Zvnvy` bvgvR Av`vq Ki, GUv Zvgvi
Rb bdj| Avkv Kiv hvq h, Zvgvi cwZcvjK ZvgvK ckswmZ
vb (gvKvg gvng~`) cuQveb| [m~iv ewb BmivCj: 79]
3. Avjvn myenvbv Iqv Zvqvjv gyvKxb Z_v AvjvnfxiMYi
bvejxZ DjL Kib h:
z f e d c b a ` _ ~ } |{
- :)+
Zviv ivwi mvgvb mgqB AwZevwnZ KiZv wb`vq Ges Zviv kl

ivwZ gv cv_bv KiZv| [m~iv hvwiqvZ: 17-18]
ivwi bvgvR Zvnvyì dwRjZ:
ivwi bdj bvgvR mevg Avgji AbZg Ges Zv w`bi
bdj bvgvRi Pq Dg; KviY GUv Mvcb nIqvZ GZ Avjvn
mvjvZ Aavq
54
Zvnvyì mvjvZ
Zvqvjvi Rb GLjvQ _vK| ZvQvov wb`v ZvMi KI iqQ|

Aviv iqQ Avjvni mv_ GKvKx K_v ejvi GKwU Avjv`v ^v`|
G bvgvRi Rb gaivZB Dg|
1. Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
:$% z d c b a ` _ ^ ] \{
wbqB ivwi bvgvR cew `gb AwaK mnvqK Ges (KziAvbi)

DPviY AwaK AbyKj| [m~iv gyhvwj: 6]
*d/ uw*5 !G & w
=# 4+ : < = .% 4"5 < >; D
7/ 3 ) / 3 /
*dB/ . 4"5
#G 3 *&% ! #
o Q 2> # U% #5 J 4"5 x
E 6% 7 o 5# 3 &% 4JE
N
B*(5
" 5+ Ah F 8(
& Ah ; K`
& A"*t5 4 3 ! D% / *5 g
"# % % 4JE
.W5 q&25 .EU...
2. Avgi web Avevmv (iv:) _K ewYZ, bex [`:] ejb: wbqB

ivwi kl AaK cwZcvjK (Avjvn) ev`vi mevwaK wbKUeZx
nb| myZivs, hw` H gyn~Zi wRwKiKvixì Afy nZ cvi Ze
nI; KviY (ZLbKvi) bvgvR m~hv`q ch dikZviv DcwZ I
kvwgj nq G mgq|1
A% "*t5 6 o ) A% "*t5 JK # :< X D% )2!# 5# 6 o ) JK # A% "*t5 uq u7*5 J ]%>
J 4"5 x
% E % A"*t5 D% )2!# 5#
3. bex [`:]K wRvmv Kiv nq; diR bvgvRi ci mevg
(bdj) bvgvR KvbwU? wZwb [`:] ejb:diR bvgvRi ci
mevg (bdj) bvgvR njv ga ivi bvgvR|2
."& .EU.
1.nv`xmwU mnxn, wZiwghx nv`xm nvt bs 3579, bvmvC nv`xm nvt bs 572, 557
nv`xmi e kjv bvmvCi
2. gymwjg nvt bs 1163 |
mvjvZ Aavq
55
Zvnvyì mvjvZ
iv `vqv Keyj nIqvi gyn~Z:

J B4"5 B% 4+ :<XG 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
*7*5
o % > < = H )E 3 /
T BQ/ 45+ A% U% #5 u65 & 3 &% m U . 4"5 <\
G ' "%
& Jh E ; 8X% G 5 DC / 5
."& .EU.
DZ " 5 4J
g
5% T *G+
1. Rvei (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avwg bex [`:] -Gi wbKU
_K bwQ h, wZwb ejb: wbqB ivwZ GKwU gyn~Z AvQ,
Kvb gymwjg ew m gyn~Z `ywbqv I AvwLivZi gjKi wKQy
Avjvni wbKU PvBj, Avjvn ZvK Zv `vb Kib| Avi GUv cwZwU
ivB AvQ|1
<dBG :< = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 < >; 4 . / . 4"5 :
% ; A G P ) 3 /
<BXG U% #5 J 4"5 "R X7 G n
S% u65 j *5 5+ DZ " 5 4J
5o l ; 7 u);
. 5 1% b# \ 1% 2
G 3 & . Q% / \ 5\
G 3 & . 5
L2> \ /6 G 3 &
.."/ 012&
2. Avey ivBiv (iv:) _K ewYZ h, im~jyjvn [`:] ejb:

cwZw`b ivi hLb kli GK ZZxqvsk evwK _vK ZLb
Avgvì ie (cwZcvjK) `ywbqvi Avmgvb AeZiY Kib Ges
ejb: K Avgvi KvQ `yAv Kie; Avwg Zvi `yAv Keyj Kie?
K Avgvi KvQ wKQy PvBe; Avwg Zv ZvK `vb Kie? K Avgvi
KvQ gv cv_bv Kie; Avwg ZvK gv Ki wè?2
gymwjgi Rb cwe Aevq `Z Gkvi ciB kqb Kiv mybZ;
hvZ Ki cdzjwPZ ivi mvjvZi Rb RvMZ cvi| Avi
mybZ njv hLb gyiMi WvK be ZLb DVe|
1. gymwjg nvt bs 757

2. eyLvix nvt bs 1145, gymwjg nvt bs 758, nv`xmi kjv eyLvixi
mvjvZ Aavq
56
Zvnvyì mvjvZ
Q B*(5 6 B%Xo G :< = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?

.4"5 < >; 4 A G P ) 3 /
Jh B5 g
B" / AZ 6 X# / 4J
w
K
G 6Z X /
"R s P +
%6S
#; D% % = "/
# B Ah 6 X# /
4"`
\*: # Ah 6 X# /
4"`
. 4"5

X 2> # 6 =; Jh G
N
1# *B5
B7U
7B? 45+ N
1# *5
a CQ%(
7?
\ Ah 6 X# /
4"`
4"?

"

Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ, im~jyjvn [] ejb: hLb Zvgvì
KD Nywgq co ZLb Zvi Nvoi wcQb kqZvb wZbwU wMuV `q|
cZK wMuVi vb _vo gi gi ej, Zvgvi ivZ AbK `xN,
myZivs NygvI| AZ:ci hw` m RvMZ nq Avjvni wRwKi (îY)
Ki, ZLb GKwU wMuV Lyj hvq| Avi hLb Ihy Ki ZLb Aci
GKwU wMuV Lyj hvq| AZ:ci hLb bvgvR Av`vq Ki ZLb mekl
wMuVwUI Lyj hvq| ZLb m cwe gb wbq cdzjZvi mv_ mKvj
Ki| Avi hw` Zv bv Ki Zvnj Lwek (bvsiv) gb wbq AjmZvi
mv_ mKvj Ki|1
ivwi mvjvZi m~ eyS:
gymwjgi DwPZ Zvnvy` bvgvR Av`vq mP nIqv Ges Zv
ZvM bv Kiv| bex [] ivwi wKqvg KiZb GgbwK Zuvi cvq
dU hZ|
J 4"5 3 &% s XG
4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 *7 4 8 / . 4"5 :
% ; D (W%/ 3 /
.."/ 012&.
g
5 . 4"5 1 b 6 = .% 4"5 < >; G P I t
5% D(W%/
5X T &6 = 4Q1 2 *2S
.."/ 012&.m;!{
m67 /
# uS% " < = *U\ & g
7 3 &% s *6X &
Avqkv (iv:) _K ewYZ bex [`:] Zvnvyì bvgvR coZ coZ

Zuvi cvq dyj hZ| Avqkv (iv:) ejZb: n Avjvni im~j!
Avcwb Kb GgbwU Kib? Avjvn Zv Avcbvi AvMi I cii
1. eyLvix nvt bs 1142, gymwjg nvt bs 776, nv`xmi kjv eyLvixi
mvjvZ Aavq
57
Zvnvyì mvjvZ
bvnmg~n gv Ki w`qQb? ZLb (imyj ) ejZb: Avwg wK

PvB bv h Avwg Avjvni kvKiRvi (KZ) ev`v ne!|1
Zvnvyì bvgvRi ivKvZ msLv:
Zvnvyì bvgvR weZii bvgvRmn 11ivKvZ A_ev
13ivKvZ|
Zvnvyì bvgvRi mgq:
Zvnvyì mevg mgq njv AaivZ AwZevwnZ nevi ci
(kli AaK nZ) ivZi GK ZZxqvsk| myZivs, ivw `yB fvM
wef Ki kl AaKi ga c_g GK ZZxqvsk bvgvR Av`vq
Kie Ges mekl (Ask A_vr kl lgvsk) Nygve|
.% B" / . B4"5 4"?
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Avyjvn Beb Avgi Beb Avm [] _K ewYZ bex [`:] ZvK
ejb: Avjvni wbKU mevg bvgvR njv `vE` (Av:)-Gi bvgvR
Ges Avjvni KvQ mevg ivRv njv `vE` (Av:)-Gi ivRv|
wZwb (Av:) (c_g) AaivZ NygvZb Ges (kl AaivZ nZ) GK
ZZxqvsk bvgvR Av`vq KiZb Ges (mekl) lgvsk NygvZb|
GKw`b ivRv ivLZb Avi GKw`b ivRv ivLZb bv|2
Zvnvy` bvgvRi cwZ:
1. kqb Kivi mgq Zvnvyì wbqZ Ki Nygvbv mybZ| Gici
hw` m nVvr RvMZ nZ bvI cvi ZeyI wbqZi KviY bvgvRi
mIqve jLv ne Ges Zvi cwZcvjKi c nZ Zvi Nyg Zvi
Rb Q`Kv îc jLv ne|
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2. eyLvix nvt bs- 1142, gymwjg nvt bs 776 nv`xmi kjv eyLvixi
2. eyLvix nvt bs 3837 k ZviB I gymwjg nvt bs 2820
58
mvjvZ Aavq
Zvnvyì mvjvZ
hLb m Zvnvyì Rb DVe ZLb PvLi Dci nvZ eywjq Nyg

fvve Ges m~iv Avj Bgivbi `kwU AvqvZ ZjvIqvZ Kie|
Bbv wd LvjwKm mvgvIqvwZ------ | wbqB Avmgvbmg~n I
Rwgbi mwi ga-AZ:ci wgmIqvK Ki Ihy Kie Ges nvjKv Ki `yivKvZ bvgvR
Av`vq w`q i Kie| im~jyjvn [`:] ejb:
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2%21# "# J 4"5 3 &%
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hLb Zvgvì KD Zvnvyì Rb DVe ZLb m nvjKv Ki

`yB ivKvZ w`q i Kie||1
2. Gici `yB `yB ivKvZ Ki bvgvR coZ _vKe Ges cwZ `yB
ivKvZi kl mvjvg wdive|
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Avyjvn Beb Dgi (iv:) _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: GK ew

ejjb: n Avjvni im~j! ivi bvgvR (Zvnvy`) wKfve Av`vq
Kie? wZwb ejjb: `yB `yB ivKvZ, AZ:ci cfvZ (myen mvw`K)
nq hvIqvi AvksKv nj GK ivKvZ weZi bvgvR co bvI|2
3. KLbv KLbv (ivwi bvgvR Z_v Zvnvy`) GKmv_ Pvi
ivKvZ co GKevi mvjvg wdivZI cvi|
4. ivi Zvnvy` bvgvRi wbw` ivKvZ _vKv Dg| hw` Zv
Av`vq bv Ki Nyg Aevq _K hvq, Zvnj ci Rvo
msLvq Av`vq Kie|
J 4"5) 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
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1. eyLvix nvt bs 1137, gymwjg nvt bs 749 nv`xmi k jv eyLvixi|
mvjvZ Aavq
59
Zvnvyì mvjvZ
Avqkv (iv:) K im~jyjvn [`:]-Gi ivwi bvgvR mK wRvmv

Kiv nj wZwb Di ejb h, dRii `yB ivKvZ mybZ eZxZ
mvZ, bq Ges GMvi ivKvZ|1
5. mybZ njv Zvnvy` wbR Ni Av`vq Kiv Ges wbR cwieviKI
RvMZ Kiv| Avi KLbv KLbv cwievii mKjK wbq Av`vq
Kiv (A_vr Zvì BgvgwZ Ki RvgvZ Ki Av`vq Kiv|)
Zvnvy` bvgvR mR`v cvk AvqvZ cvV Kivi mgq cwigvY
j^v Kie| Nyg Gm Mj q coe| j^v mgq ch ùvwoq
_vKv Ges ZvZ KivZ j^v Kiv gyvnve|
GK ivKvZ KziAvb _K GK cviv A_ev Zvi Pq ewk cvV
Kie| KivZ KLbv DPî (^k) coe Avi KLbv Pzwc
Pzwc (k Qvov) coe| covi mgq ingZi AvqvZ Avmj,
Avjvni wbKU Zv Kvgbv Kie| Avi AvRve Z_v kvwi AvqvZ
Avmj Avjvni KvQ Zv nZ cvbvn& PvBe| Avi Avjvn
Zvqvjvi cweZvi eYbv nqQ Ggb AvqvZ Avmj Zmwen
coe| (myenvbvjvn eje)|
6. Gici Zvnvy` bvgvR mgv Kie weZi bvgvR w`q; Kbbv,
bex [] ejb:
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Zvgvì weZi bvgvRK ivwi kl bvgvR wnmve Av`vq Ki|2
1. eyLvix nvt bs 1139

2. eyLvix nvt bs 998 I gymwjg nvt bs 751
60
mvjvZ Aavq
weZii mvjvZ
M- weZii mvjvZ
weZii Kzg:
weZii bvgvR mybZ gyqvv`vn (ZvwK`hy mybZ)| im~jyjvn
[] G nv`xmwUZ weZii cwZ DrmvwnZ KiQb| wZwb ejb:
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mgq| kl iv RvMvi Dci AvZwekvm _vKj kl iv Av`vq
Kiv Dg|
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Avqkv (iv:) ejb, weZi mg ivB Av`vq Kiv hvq| im~jyjvn

[`:] c_g ivwZ weZi Av`vq KiQb Ges Aa ivwZ I kl
ivwZI Av`vq KiQb| Ze kl ch im~jyjvn [`:] -Gi
weZii Av`vq kl ivwZ wMq mgv nqQ|2
mePq Kg I ewk weZii ivKvZ msLv:
weZii bvgvR Kgc GK ivKvZ Av`vq KiZ ne| Avi
mevwaK (11) GMvi A_ev (13) ivKvZ| Ze Zv `yB `yB ivKvZ
Ki Av`vq Kie Ges kl wMq GK ivKvZ co AvMi Av`vq
KZ bvgvRjv weRvo Kie| Dg njv Kgc wZb ivKvZ
Av`vq Kiv, Zv `yB mvjvg nvK A_ev GK mvjvg (A_vr `yB
ivKvZ co `yB w`K mvjvg wdive Ges ci GK ivKvZ Avjv`v
1. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vD` nvt bs 1422 nv`xmi kjv Ave~ `vDì Ges bvmvC nvt
bs 1712
2. eyLvix nvt bs-996 I gymwjg nvt bs 745 nv`xmi kjv gymwjgi
mvjvZ Aavq
61
weZii mvjvZ
Ki Avevi `yB w`K mvjvg wdive|) A_ev `yB ivKvZ covi ci

bv em wZb ivKvZ GKB eVK Av`vqi ci `yB w`K mvjvg
wdive| kl gv GKevi Zvkvn&` Z_v AvvwnqvZz coe| Avi
G wZb ivKvZi c_g ivKvZ m~iv Avjv Z_v mvwewnmgv ivweKvj
Avjv Ges wZxq ivKvZ m~iv Kvwdib Avi ZZxq ivKvZ m~iv
GLjvm Z_v Kyj qvjv Avnv` cvV Kiv mybZ|
weZii bvgvR hw` cuvP ivKvZ Av`vq KiZ Pvq, Ze mekl
GKevi Zvkvn` (AvvwnqvZz) co mvjvg wdive| Gfve
mvZ ivKvZ coZ PvBj Zvi Av`vqi wbqgI GKB| Ze
mvZ ivKvZi hw` m Qq ivKvZ co AvvwnqvZz covi
Rb em Zvici mvjvg bv wdwiq DV mg ivKvZ Av`vqi
ci mvjvg wdivq Ze ZvZ Kvb Amyweav bq|
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Avey ivBiv (iv:) _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb:Avgvi Ai ez

AvgvK wZbwU AwmqZ KiQb! Avwg Zv gZy ch ZvM Kie bv|
cwZ gvm wZbwU ivRv, PvkZi bvgvR Ges weZii bvgvR co
Nygvbv|1
hw` KD bq ivKvZ weZi Av`vq KiZ Pvq Zvnj `yBevi
AvvwnqvZz coe| c_g evi AvU ivKvZ Av`vqi ci em
mvjvg bv wdwiq AvvwnqvZz co beg ivKvZi Rb DV
hve| AZ:ci Avevi em AvvwnqvZz co mvjvg wdive|
Ze G Dg njv AvU ivKvZ co mvjvg wdivbv Ges
ci Avjv`v fve GK ivKvZ co bIqv| weZi bvgvRi
mvjvgi ci wZbevi
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1.eyLvix nvt bs 1178 nv`xmi e kjv eyLvixi, gymwjg nvt bs 721
62
mvjvZ Aavq
weZii mvjvZ
gvwjwKj Kz~m (ejv mybZ)| ZZxqevi ejvi mgq gvì mv_

îawb Ub eje (Kz-~ ---m)|
weZii mgq:
weZii bvgvR Zvnvyì ci Av`vq Kie| Ze hw` kl
iv RvMZ nIqvi AvksKv eva Ki Zvnj Nygvbvi c~e weZi
Av`vq Ki wbe|
im~jyjvn [`:] ejb:
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h ew kl iv RvMZ nIqvi evcvi AvksKv eva Kie m

c_g ivwZB weZi co wbe| Avi h ew kl ivwZ RvMZ
nIqvZ Avkvev`x m kl ivwZ weZi coe; kl ivwi bvgvR
dikZviv DcwZ nq Ges bvgvR kvwgj nq| Avi GUv Dg|1
hw` Kvb ew c_g ivwZ weZii bvgvR covi ci kl
ivwZ bvgvRi Rb RvMZ nq, Zvnj weZi Qvov `yB `yB
ivKvZ Ki coe; Kbbv, im~jyjvn [] ejb:
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GK ivwZ `yB weZi bB|2

weZii bvgvR `vqv Kzb~Z covi weavb:
KLbv KLbv weZii bvgvR `vqv Kzb~Z coZI cvi;
Avevi bvI coZ cvi| Ze covi Pq AwaKvsk mgq bv covB
Dg| bex [] _K me`v weZii bvgvR `vqv Kzb~Z covi
cgvY bB|

2. Ave~ `vD` nvt bs 1439, wZiwghx nvt bs 470
mvjvZ Aavq
63
weZii mvjvZ
weZii bvgvR `vqv Kzb~Z covi cwZ:

hw` wZb ivKvZ weZi Av`vq Ki Zvnj ZZxq ivKvZi iKzi
ci A_ev iKzi AvM `yB nvZ DwVq `vqv Kzb~Z coe, hvZ
Avjvn Zvqvjvi cksmv Ges bex [`:] Gi cwZ ì` _vKe|
AZ:ci nv`xm GmQ Ggb Kvb `vqv coe| wbv `vqvwU
Kzb~Zi `vqv:
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Avjvvnw`bx dxgvb nv`vBZ, Iqv Avvwdbx dxgvb AvvdvBZ,

Iqv ZvIqvjvbx dxgvb ZvIqvjvBZ, Iqv evvwiK jx dxgvv AvZvBZ,
IqvwKbx kviiv gvv KvhvBZ, dvBbvKv ZvKhx Iqvjvv BDK&hvv
AvjvBK, Iqv Bbv jvv Bqvwhjjy gvIu IqvvjvBZ, ZvevviKZv
iebvv Iqv ZvAvvjvBZ|1
n Avjvn ! Zzwg hvK n`vqZ `vb KiQv Zvì ga AvgvKI
n`vqZ `vb Ki| Zzwg hvìK wbivc` iLQ Zvì ga
AvgvKI wbivc` ivL| Zzwg hvì mv_ ezZ KiQ Zvì ga
Avgvi mv_I ezZ Ki| AvgvK Zzwg hv `vb KiQ ZvZ Zzwg
eiKZ `vb Ki| Zzwg hv dvqmvjv KiQ Zvi Awb _K AvgvK
iv Ki; Kbbv ZzwgB dqmvjv Ki, Zvgvi Dci KD dqmvjv
KiZ cvi bv| Zzwg hvi mv_ ezZ Ki m KLbI eBZ nq
bv| n Avgvì ie ! (cwZcvjK) Zywg eiKZgq I myDP|
KLbv KLbv Dgvi (iv:) _K mve wbgv `vqv Kzb~Z
coe| Avi Zv njv:
1. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vD` nvt bs 1425, wZiwghx nvt bs 464
mvjvZ Aavq
64
weZii mvjvZ
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Avjvv BqvKv bvey`y Iqv jvKv bymvjx IqvbvmRy`,& Iqv

BjvBKv bvmAvv Iqv bvnwd`&, bviR~ ingvZvKv Iqv bvLkvv
AvhvvevK&; Bbv AvhvvevKv wejKvvwdixbv gyjwnK&| Avjvv Bbvv
bvmZvCbyKv Iqv bvmZvn`xKv Iqv bvmZvMwdiK&, Iqv bywgby weKv
Iqv bvZvIqvvjy AvjvBK, IqvbyQbx AvjvBKvj LvBi&, Iqv
bvkKziKv Iqvjvv bvKdziK&, Iqv bywgby weKv Iqv bvL&hvqy jvK&,
Iqv bvLjvqy gvqu BqvKdziK&|
n Avjvn! Avgiv GKgv ZvgviB Gev`Z Kwi, ZvgviB
Rb bvgvR Av`vq Kwi I mR`v Kwi| Zvgvi w`KB òvB Ges
Zvgvi AvbyMZi cwZ `Z AMmi nB| Zvgvi ingZi Avkv
cvlY Kwi Ges Zvgvi AvRvei fq Kwi| wbqB Zvgvi AvRve
KvdiìKB eb Kie| n Avjvn! Avgiv Zvgvi mvnvh I
n`vqZ cv_bv Kwi I Zvgvi gv cv_bv Kwi| KjvYi
(DcKvii) Dci Avgiv Zvgvi cksmv Kwi Ges Zvgvi Kzdwi
(AKZZv cvlY) Kwi bv| Zvgvi Dci Cgvb ivwL Ges Zvgvi
AvbyMZ Kwi| Avi hviv Zvgvi Kzdwi Ki Zvì mv_ mK wQb
Kwi|1
`vqv Kyb~Z Abvb mve `vqvI evovZ cvi; Ze ewk
`xN Kie bv| mve `vqvmg~ni ga iqQ:
B8% B%245 q
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1. evBnvKx nvt bs 3144 BiIqvDj Mvjxj nvt bs 428
mvjvZ Aavq
65
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3 &% %5 DC S ; Y
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Avjvv Avmwjn& jx xwb Avjvhx qv BmgvZz Avgix, Iqv
Avmwjn& jx `ybBqvvqv AvjvZx dxnv gvAvvkx, Iqv Avmwjn& jx
AvvwLivwZ AvjvZx dxnvv gvAvv`x| IqvRAvwjj nvqvvZv
wRqvv`vZvb jx dx Kzwj LvBi, IqvRAvwjj gvIZv ivvnvZvb jx wgb
Kzwj kvi|1
Zzwg Avgvi xbK mskvab Ki wÌ, h xb Avgvi mKj
welqvwì msiY wbwnZ AvQ| Zzwg Avgvi `ywbqvK mskvab Ki
wÌ, h `ywbqvZ Avgvi Rxeb-hvcb wbwnZ AvQ| Zzwg Avgvi
AvLivZK mskvab Ki `vI, h AvLivZ Avgvi Mej
(ciKvj) wbwnZ AvQ| cZK KjvYKi KvRi Rb Avgvi
RxebK ew Ki `vI| Avi gZyK Avgvi Rb cZK Awb
_K kvw`vbKvix Ki `vI|
7 X 5# w
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Avjvv Bbx AvEhy weKv wgbvj AvR&wh Iqv Kvmvj, IqvjRye&wb

Iqvj eyL&j, Iqvj nvivwg Iqv Avhvvwej Kei| Avjvv AvvwZ
bvdmx ZvKIqvvnv, Iqv Rvwnvv AvbZv LvBi gvb& Rvvvnv, Avv
Iqvwjqynvv Iqv gvIjvvnvv| Avjvv Bbx AvEhy weKv wgb& Bj&wgj
jvv Bqvbdv, Iqv Kj&web jvv BqvLkv, Iq&v wgb& bvd&wmb jvv
Zvkev, Iqv wgb& `vIqvwZb jvv BDmZvRvvey jvnvv|2

1 .gymwjg nvt bs 2722
mvjvZ Aavq
66
weZii mvjvZ
A_: n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Avkq MnY KiwQ AcviMZv

I AjmZv _K, KcYZv I fxiZv (mvnmnxbZv) _K Ges
(AwZ) evaK I Keii AvRve _K| n Avjvn! Avgvi gb
ZvKIqv (Avjvni fq) `vb Ki Ges Zv cwe Ki; KviY mevg
cweKvix I ZzwgB gbi AwffveK Ges ZzwgB Zvi gwbe| n
Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Avkq MnY KiwQ Ggb we`v nZ hv
DcKvi Avmbv, Ggb Ai nZ hv webqx nqbv, Ggb gb nZ hv
cwiZ nqbv Ges Ggb `vqv nZ hv Keyj nqbv|
AZ:ci weZi bvgvRi kl eje:
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Avjvv Bbx AvEhy wewihvvKv wgb& mvLvwZK, Iqv wegyAvvdvvwZKv

wgb& DK~evwZK&| Iqv AvEhy weKv wgb&Kv jvv Dn&mx Qvbvvqvb
AvjvBKv Avv Kvgvv AvQbvBZv Avjvv bvdwgK&|1
n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi mwi gvag Zvgvi Amw _K
Avkq cv_bv KiwQ| Zvgvi wbivcvi gvag Zvgvi AvRve _K
Avkq cv_bv KiwQ| Avi Zvgvi gvag Zvgvi (cvKovI) _K
Avkq c_bv KiwQ| Zvgvi cksmv MYbv Kiv me bq hgbwU
cksmv Zzwg Zvgvi KiQ|
AZ:ci `vqv Kzb~Zi kl bex []-Gi Dci ì` cvV
Kie| `vqv Kzb~Z I Abvb `vqv kl `yB nvZ gyLgj
gyQe bv|
`vqv Kzb~Z weZii bvgvR Qvov Ab vb cov gKin
(AcQ`bxq)| Ze nvu, hw` gymwjg mgvR Kvb wec`-Avcì
myLxb nq ZLb Kzb~ Z bvRjvi `vqv cov mybZ| ZvB Bgvg
2. Ave~ `vD` nvt bs 1427, nv`xmi e kjv Ave~ `vDì, wZiwghx nvt bs
3566
mvjvZ Aavq
67
weZii mvjvZ
mvne diR bvgvRmg~n kl ivKvZi iKzZ ev KLbv KLbv

iKzi AvM `vqv Kzb~Z coe|
gymwjg mgvRi Dci wec` `~i Kivi Rb h `vqv Kzb~Z cov
ne ZvZ `yej gymwjgMYi mvnvhi Rb `vqv Kiv ne A_ev
Rvwjg Kvwdiì Rb e``vqv Kiv ne A_ev Dfq `vqvB Kiv
ne|
Kvb gvbyli Zvi mevg bvgvR njv Zvi Ni Av`vqKZ
bdj bvgvR| Ze diR bvgvR I h mg bdji RvgvZ
AvQ m jv RvgvZi mv_ gmwR` Av`vq Kie| hgb,
m~h I P` MnYi bvgvR, Zvivwei bvgvR BZvw`|
mdi weZi covi weavb:
h ew mdi _vKe m weZi bvgvR hvbevnb AvivnY
AevZB Av`vq KiZ cvie| hw` me nq Zvnj hLb evnbwU
ev hvbevnbwU wKejv w`K wdie ZLb ZvKwei Zvnixgv euvae|
Avi Zv mnR me bv nj h w`K Zvi evnb AvQ m w`KB
Pnviv KiB wbqZ euvaZ cvie| weZii bvgvRi ci em `yB
ivKvZ bvgvR Av`vq Kiv mybZ| Ze hLb iKz Kie ùvwoq iKz
Kie|
weZi bvgvRi Kvhvi cwZ:
h ew weZii bvgvR Av`vq bv Ki Nywgq coe A_ev
Av`vq KiZ fyj hve m hLb Nyg _K RvMZ ne A_ev hLb
Zvi iY ne ZLb Zv Av`vq Ki wbe| hw` dRii AvRvb I
GKvgZi gvSi mgq Av`vq Ki Zvnj weZi bvgvRi
^vfvweK wbqgB Zv Av`vq Kie| Avi hw` w`b Av`vq Ki
Zvnj ivKvZ weRvo msLvq Av`vq bv Ki Rvo Av`vq Kie|
D`vniY îc hw` m iv weZi GMvi ivKvZ Av`vq Kivi Af
nq, Zvnj w`b Zv evi ivKvZ Av`vq Kie| wVK Gfve Abvb
msLvi ejvqI Rvo Av`vq Kie|
68
mvjvZ Aavq
weZii mvjvZ
. B2 +
4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 < >; 4 8/ 9 :; D (
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T% b IH E 3 &% J 4"5 3&% A"*t5
Avqkv (iv:) _K ewYZ h, im~jyjvn [`:] hw` e_v ev Ab Kvb

KviY ivi bdj bvgvR Av`vq KiZ bv cviZb, Zvnj wZwb
w`b evi ivKvZ Av`vq KiZb|1
1.gymwjg nvt bs 746
mvjvZ Aavq
69
Zvivwei mvjvZ
N-Zvivwei mvjvZ
Zvivwe bvgvRi weavb:
Zvivwei bvgvR mybZ gyqvv`v Z_v ZvwM`c~Y mybZ, hv bex
[`:]-Gi Avgj viv mve iqQ| Avi GUv H mg bdji
Afy hv igRvb gvm RvgvZi mv_ Av`vq Kiv nq|
Zvivwei bvgvRK Zvivexn ej bvg ivLv nqQ; KviY gvbyl
cwZ Pvi ivKvZ ci Avivg MnYi Rb emZb; Kbbv G
bvgvR KivZ `xN Kiv nZ|
Zvivwei bvgvRi mgq:
igRvb gvm Gkvi bvgvRi ci _K i Ki cfvZ (myen
mvw`K) ch Zvivwei bvgvR Av`vq Kiv hvq| G bvgvR cyil I
gwnjv Dfqi RbB mybZ| im~jyjvn [] igRvb gvm ivZi
bdj mvjvZ (Zvivwen ev Zvnvy`)-Gi cwZ Drmvn c`vb
KiQ| wZwb ejb:
.."/ 012&..% 7 3
&% s *6X & . 5 1% b m)2%S m+ K& ; s ? 3 &
h ew igRvb gvm mwVK Cgvb wbq mIqvei Dk ivZi
bdi mvjvZ (Zvivexn ev Zvnvy`) Av`vq Kie Zvi AZxZi
bvn gv Ki Ìqv ne|1
Zvivexi mvjvZ Av`vqi cwZ:
1. mybZ njv Bgvg mvne gymwjMYK wbq GMviv ev Zi ivKvZ
Zvivexi mvjvZ Av`vq Kieb| Avi mevg ZixKv njv cwZ `yB
ivKvZ ci ci mvjvg wdivbv|
A"?

8 / . 4"5 :
% ; D (
W%/ < \> . * 3 S *5 6% 7 / 3 ) D " > ) 3 /
K& ; % 6 GdG
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70
mvjvZ Aavq
.BEU...CR"R
Zvivwei mvjvZ
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G *R *38 5% *38
S 3 / J#
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G *R *38 5%
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1. Avey mvjvgv _K ewYZ wZwb Avqkv (iv:)K wRvmv Kib

igRvb gvm im~jyjvn []-Gi mvjvZ Kgb wQj? wZwb ejb:
im~jyjvn [] igRvb I Ab Kvb gvmB GMviv ivKvZi
ekx Av`vq Kibwb| Pvi ivKvZ Ki Av`vq KiZb| Ze
Zv GZ j^v nZv Ges GZ myì hv cki Acv ivL bv|
AZ:ci wZb ivKvZ weZi Av`vq KiZb|1
J B4"5 3 &% "t
G 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>;
:< =
H *7/ 3 ) 3 /
.."/ 012&
.DC o
# ; A (
/
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2. Beb Avevm [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn ivwZ

Zi ivKvZ mvjvZ Av`vq KiZb|2
"BtG 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>;
:
5= 8/ 9 :; D (
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G DC o
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3. Avqkv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [] Gkvi

mvjvZ I dRii mvjvZi gaeZx mgq GMviv ivKvZ
mvjvZ Av`vq KiZb| cZK `yB ivKvZ ci ci mvjvZ
wdivZb Ges kl GK ivKvZ weZi Av`vq KiZb|3
2. mybZ nj, Bgvg mvne igRvbi iZ I kl Zvivwei
mvjvZ GMviv ev Zi ivKvZ Av`vq Kieb| Ze wekl Ki
kl `kK ekx `xN Kieb| A_vr j^v mgq ch wKqvg
(ùvovbv) Aevq, iKz I mR`vq AwZevwnZ Kieb| Kbbv bex
1

.eyLvix nvt bs 1138 I gymwjg nvt bs 768 nv`xmi kjv gymwjgi
3
. gymwjg nvt bs 736
2
mvjvZ Aavq
71
Zvivwei mvjvZ
[] mviv ivZ wKqvg Aevq AwZevwnZ KiZb| Ze hw` Kvb

Kg ekx Ki, ZvZ Kvb Amyweav bq|
KLb gyvwì Rb ivw wKqvgi mIqvi jLv ne:
1. Dg nj, gymwj Bgvg mvnei mv_B mvjvZ kl Kieb (Zvi
AvM bq)| Bgvg mvne GMviv ivKvZ ev Zi ivKvZ ev ZBk
ivKvZ A_ev Zvi Kg ev ekx hvB Av`vq KiK; hb Zvi Rb
mviv ivZ mvjvZi mIqve jLv nq| bex [] ejb:
.q&25 FF) .EU.DZ " 5
s =% . 5
2%
x
t
G *2S s &5# I & s = 3 & . *+
wbB h ew Bgvgi mv_ (Zvivexn ev Zvnvy`) kl ch
mvjvZ Av`vq Kie, Zvi Rb mviv ivZ mvjvZi mIqve jLv
ne|1
2. hw` Zvivwei mvjvZ `yBRb Bgvg covb Zvnj `yBRbi mv_
km Kij mviv ivwi mIqve jLv ne; KviY wZxqRb
c_gRbi m~iK|
Zvivwei mvjvZi BgvgwZ K Kie:
mePq hvi myì I ZvRex` mnKvi KziAvb gyL AvQ mB
BgvgwZ Kieb| hw` gyL me bv nq Zvnj KziAvb `L
coeb| Avi igRvb gymwjMYi mv_ mg KziAvb LZg Kiv
Dg| hw` Zv me bv nq, Zvnj Bgvg mvne hZUzKz me
ZZUzKz coeb|
KziAvb LZgi `vqv covi weavb:
mvjvZi ga KziAvb LZgi `vAv kwiqZ mZ bq; KviY
bex [] ev Kvb mvnvex _K Bnv mymve bv| wK hw` KD Pvq
Zvnj KziAvb LZgi `vAv mvjvZi evwni KiZ cvi|
Kbbv Bnv Avbvm [] _K cgvwYZ AvQ| AZGe h PvBe m
`vqv Kie Avi h PvBe bv Kie bv| Avi KziAvb LZgi
1
.nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vD` nvt bs 1975, wZiwghx nvt bs 806 Ges nv`xmi kjv
wZiwghxi
mvjvZ Aavq
72
Zvivwei mvjvZ
wbw` Kvb `vqv bB| gymwjg ew hv BQv ZvB viv `vqv

Kie|
hvi kl ivwZ Zvnvyì Afvm AvQ m weZi mvjvZ
Zvnvyì ci Av`vq Kie| hw` Bgvg mvnei mv_
Zvivwe I weZi GK m Av`vq Ki bq, Zvnj kl ivwZ
`yB `yB ivKvZ Ki ay Zvnvy` Av`vq Kie|
hw` Kvb gwnjv Kvb diR ev bdj mvjvZi Rb gmwR`
Mgb KiZ Pvq, Zvnj myMw eenvi eZxZ mvaviY ek
Mgb Kie|
mvjvZ Aavq
73
`yB Cì mvjvZ
O- `yB Cì mvjvZ

Gev`Z I AvbyMZi Rb RgvqZ nIqv `yB cKvi:
c_g cKvi: mybvn ivZev Z_v hv me`v Kiv nq| Bnv diR nZ
cvi hgb: cuvP Iqv mvjvZ, Rygv A_ev mybZ nZ cvi hgb:
`yB C`, Zvivwen, m~h I P` MnY I BwmKvi mvjvZi Rb|
Gme mybvn ivZev Gi ndvRZ I me`v Kiv DwPZ|
wZxq cKvi: hv mybvn ivZev bq hgb: bdj mvjvZi Rb
RgvqZ nIqv hgb wKqvgyj jvBj A_ev `vqv| Gme KLbv
KLbv Kiv RvqR me`v Kiv wVK bq|
bex [
]-Gi Lyrevmg~n:
c_gZ: hme Lyrev me`v w`Zb hgb: Rygvi Lyrev, `y&B Cì
Lyrev Ges BwmKv I m~h ev P`MnYi Lyrev| Rygvi w`b mvjvZi
c~e `yB Lyrev w`Zb| Avi `yB C` I m~h ev P`MnY mvjvZi
ci GKwU Ki Lyrev w`Zb| Avi BwmKvq mvjvZi c~e GKwU
Lyrev c`vY KiZb|
wZxqZ: hme Lyrev bex [] Kvb cqvRb c`vb KiZb hgb:
Nyl mK Lyrev `b| Abyic gvLRygxqv bvixi evcvi h Pzwi
KiwQj BZvw`| ZvB wePviK A_ev gydwZ ev Avjg wKsev xbi
AvnvqKi Rb cqvRb DcwZ welq mZi eqvb Lyrev c`vb
Kiv DwPZ| Abyic me`xq LyrevjvZI Kieb| LZxe mvne
gvbyli Ai bvov `q Ges hb AvZvi gvS cfve wevi Ki
Ggb Lyrev c`vb Kieb
gymjvgbì C`:
Bmjvg gvU wZbwU C`:
1. C`yj wdZi, hv cwZ eQi kvIqvj gvmi c_g ZvwiL nq|
2. C`yj AvRnv, hv cwZ eQi wRj nR gvmi `kg ZvwiL nq|
mvjvZ Aavq
74
`yB Cì mvjvZ
3. mvvwnK C`, hv Rygvi w`b nq| G mK AvjvPbv c~e

nqQ|
Cì mvjvZ wewa weavb Kivi nKgZ:
C`yj wdZii mvjvZ igRvb gvmi ivRv c~Y Kivi ci nq|
Avi C`yj AvRnvi mvjvZ nRi ci Ges wRjnR gvmi `kg
ZvwiL nq| GB `yB C` Bmjvgi AbZg m`h I ewk| hv
gymwjgMY eo `ywU Gev`Z Av`vqi ci Avjvn Zvqvjvi Kwiqv
Av`vqi j cvjb Ki _vK|
`yB Cì mvjvZi weavb:
`yB C` mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv cZK gymwjg bi I bvixi Rb
mybZ gyqvv`v|
`yB Cì mvjvZi mgq:
m~h D`qi ci GK ekv cwigvY DuPz njB Cì mvjvZi
mgq i nq| A_vr D`qi cvq 15wg: ci _K i Ki
wcnii c~e ch Cì mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ cvi| hw` Cì
w`b mK wcnii ci RvbZ cvi, Zvnj cii w`b Cì
mvjvZi mgq Cì mvjvZ Av`vq Kie| Cì mvjvZ Av`vqi
ciB Kzievwb Kie| Cì mvjvZ Av`vqi c~e Kie bv|
`yB Cì mvjvZi Rb ei nIqvi wbqg:
mybZ nj `yB Cì mvjvZ ei nIqvi c~e Mvmj Ki
cwivi cwiQb ne Ges mevg cvkvK cwiavb Kie| GB
w`b Cì Avb` cKvki Rb gwnjvivI Ask MnY Kie ec`vq
myMw eenvi Ki jvKRbi m mvjvZi Rb ei ne bv|
GgbwK FZzeZx gwnjvivI hve wK C`Mvni evwni _K Lyrev
keY Kie| me nj cuvq nuU gymwjì Rb C`Mvn mKvj
mKvj hvIqv mybZ| Ze Bgvg mvne mvjvZi mgq ch Acv
Kieb| GK ivvq hvIqv Ges Aci ivv w`q wdi Avmv mybZ|
Avi Bmjvgi wb`kbi ewn:cKvki j Ges mybZi AbyKiYi
Rb C`yj wdZi Cì gvV ei nIqvi AvM eRvo KqKwU
mvjvZ Aavq
75
`yB Cì mvjvZ
LRyi LvIqv mybZ| Avi C`yj AvRnvZ wKQy bv Lq ei nIqv

Ges wdi Gm Kzievbxi Mvk&Z w`q LvIqv i Kiv mybZ|
Cì mvjvZi vb:
kni I Mvgi wbKUeZx Lvjv gvV Cì mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv
mybZ| C`Mvn cuQ `yB ivKvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Ki em em
wRwKi KiZ _vKe|1 ew BZvw` Kvb ARynvZ bv _vKj Cì
mvjvZ gmwR` Av`vq Kiv ne bv| Cì mvjvZ Kvb IRi
gmwR` nj cek Kivi ci gmwR` ceki mvjvZ Av`vq Ki
Bgvg mvne Avmv ch whwKi KiZ _vKe| Ni wdi Avmvi ci
gymwji Rb `yB ivKvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv gyvnve|
Cì mvjvZi cwZ:
mvjvZi mgq nj Bgvg mvne gymwjì wbq Kvb AvRvb
I GKvgZ Qvov `yB ivKvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kieb| c_g ivKZ
ZKwei Zvnixgvmn mvZwU ev bqwU Ges wZxq ivKvZ `vuovbvi
ci m~iv dvwZnv i Kivi c~e cuvPwU ZKexi ejeb| AZ:ci m~iv
dvwZnvi ci DPî c_g ivKvZ m~iv Avjv Ges wZxq ivKvZ
dvwZnvi ci m~iv Mvwkqvn cvV Kie| A_ev c_g ivKvZ m~iv
K-d Ges wZxq ivKvZ m~iv Kgvi cvV Kie| mybZ cvjbv_
GKK mgq GKvKUv cvV Kie|
Cì Lyrev:
Bgvg mvne mvjvg wdivbvi ci gymwjMYi w`K nq GKwU
Lyrev cvV Kieb| 2 h LyrevZ wZwb Avjvn Zvqvjvi cksmv I
Kwiqv Av`vq Kieb| gvbylK Avjvni kwiqZi Dci I
Avgji cwZ Ges `vb m`Kvi cwZ DrmvwnZ Kieb| Avi C`yj
AvRnvZ Kzievbxi cwZ DrmvwnZ Kieb Ges Kyievbxi wewa-weavb
eYbv Kieb|
. Ab gZ Kvb mvjvZ Av`vq bv Ki em hve|

. Rygvi Lyrevi Dci wKqvm Ki `yB Lyrev `qvi gZI iqQ|
mvjvZ Aavq
76
`yB Cì mvjvZ
Cì mvjvZi AvnKvg:

hw` Rygvi w`b C` nq Zvnj ay Cì mvjvZ Av`vq KijB
ne, Rygv Av`vqi cqvRb bq; eis Rygvi mgq hvni Av`vq
Kie| Ze Bgvg mvne Ges gymwjMYi ga hviv C` Av`vq
Kiwb, Zvì Rb Rygvi mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv Riix|
hw` Bgvg mvne mvjvZ AwZwi ZKweijvi ga nZ
Kvb ZKwei fyj hvq Ges m~iv dvwZnv i Ki `q Zvnj
m ZKwei Avi w`Z ne bv; KviY Zvi vb I mgq m~iv
dvwZnv i Kivi AvM hv weMZ nq MQ| Abvb diR I
bdji gZ Cì mvjvZ I ew cv_bvi mvjvZ AwZwi
ZKweijvZ nvZ DVve|
Bgvg mvnei Rb mybZ nj wZwb LyrevZ gwnjvì RbI
IqvR Kieb Ges ZvìK diR-IqwRe wVKgZ Av`vqi
K_v Ges `vb m`Kv Kivi cwZ DrmvwnZ Kieb|
Cì mvjvZ h ew Bgvg mvnei mvjvg wdivbvi c~e
mvjvZi wbqZ euvaZ ciQ, m mvjvgi ci h_v wbqg
evwK mvjvZ mgv Kie| Avi hviv Bgvg mvnei m mvjvZ
cvqwb Zviv RvgvZ Ki Cì mvjvZi wbw` cwZZ mvjvZ
Av`vq Ki wbe|
Cì mvjvZi RvgvZi ci Kvb ewi cqvRb _vKj, m
Lyrev keY bv Ki Pj hZ cvi| hw` Kviv Pj hvIqvi
cqvRb bv _vK Zvi Rb Lyrev keY Kivi Rb em _vKvB
Dg|
Cì w`b ZKwei ejvi weavb:
`yB Cì w`bjvZ k Ki ZKwei (Avjvny AvKevi)
eje| mg gymwjg GB ZKwei Ni, evRvi, ivv, NvU, gmwR`
I Abvb mKj vbB eje| Ze gwnjviv Ab c~ili
DcwwZZ mk eje bv|
mvjvZ Aavq
77
`yB Cì mvjvZ
ZKweii mgqmg~n:
1. C`j wdZii ZKwei Cì AvMi ivZ (m~hvi ci) _K

i Ki Cì mvjvZ ch ejv mybZ|
2. C`j AvRnvi ZKwei i ne wRjnR gvmi 10 ZvwiLi
AvMi ivZ _K Ges kl ne 13 ZvwiLi m~hvi mv_
mv_|
ZKweii wbqg:
1. Rvov ZKwei eje: Avjv AvKevi, Avjv AvKevi, jvv
Bjvvnv Bjvjvn, Iqvjv AvKevi, Avjv AvKevi, Iqv wjjvwnj
nvg`&|
2. A_ev eRvo ZKwei eje: Avjv AvKevi, Avjv AvKevi,
Avjv AvKevi, jvv Bjvvnv Bjvjvn, Iqvjv AvKevi, Avjv
AvKevi, Avjv AvKevi, Iqv wjjvwnj nvg`&|
3. A_ev c_g evi eRvo Ges wZxq evi Rvo eje: Avjv
AvKevi, Avjv AvKevi, Avjv AvKevi, jvv Bjvvnv Bjvjvn,
Avjv AvKevi, Avjv AvKevi, Iqv wjjvwnj nvg`&| KLbv
Gfve Kie Avi KLbv Hfve GZ Kvb Amyweav bq|
weÀvwZ C` Z_v Abyvbmg~ni Kzg:
GKKfve wewfb Lywki Abyvb hgb: wnRix I BsiRx
beel cvjb, ke givR cvjb, keeivZ cvjb, C` wgjv`yb bex
cvjb, gvZ wèm cvjb BZvw`| Gme wewfb iIqvR gymwjg
mgvR wevi jvf KiQ| Gjvi meB weÀvZ I cZvLvZ,
cwiZvR| h ew Gi Kvb GKwU cvjb Kie, A_ev Gi
^xKwZ wè, A_ev Gi w`K Avnvb Kie, A_ev UvKv cqmv
LiP Kie, m bvnMvi ne| ay ZvB bq eis G jvi mKj
bvn ZvK enb KiZ ne Ges ZvK `L hviv G Avgj Kie
Zvì bvni mgvb evSvI ZvK enb KiZ ne|
mvjvZ Aavq
78
m~h-P` MnYi mvjvZ
P- m~h I P`MnYi mvjvZ

P`MnY: P`MnY njv iv Pì m~Y Aski A_ev wKQy
Aski Avjv Pj hvIqv|
m~hM nY: m~hM nY njv w`b m~hi m~Y Aski A_ev wKQy
Aski Avjv Avovj nq hvIqv|
m~h I P`MnYi mvjvZi weavb:
cwZwU gymwjg bi I bvixi cwZ m~hM nY I P`MnYi mvjvZ
mybZ gyqvv`v| Bnv evwo I mdi Av`vq Kie|
m~h I P`MnYi mvjvZi mgq Rvbv:
m~hM nY I P`MnYi Rb wbwù mgq AvQ, h fve m~h I
P` D`qi wbw` mgq AvQ| Avjvni mwi wbqgbyhvqx m~hM nY
gvmi kl nq _vK Ges P`MnY c~wYgvi mgq nq _vK|
m~h I P` MnYi KviYmg~n:
m~hM nY I P`MnY nj gvbyl Avjvni AvRvei fq fxwZ wbq
mvjvZi Dk gmwR` A_ev evoxZ Mgb Kie| Ze G
mvjvZ gmwR`B Dg| hgb fve f~wgKbi KviY AvQ,
eRcvZi KviY iqQ, AvMqwMwii KviY iqQ, Zgwb fve
m~hM nY I P`MnYiI KviY iqQ h KviY Gjv msNwUZ
nq| Avi Gjv msNwUZ nIqvi nKgZ njv: Avjvn Zvqvjvi
fq `Lvbv; hb gvbyl Avjvn Zvqvjvi w`K wdi Avm|
mgq: MnY jvMv i nIqv _K kl nIqv ch mgqKvj
MnYi mvjvZ _vKZ ne|
m~hM nY I P`MnYi mvjvZ Av`vqi cwZ:
G mvjvZ Kvb AvRvb I GKvgZ bq| Ze ivZ nvK ev
w`b nvK Avm&mjvZz RvvwgAvn(Avmyb! mvjvZi RvgvZ Kvqg
nQ) Kgc GKevi ev GKvwaK evi eje| gymwjìK GK
Kiv nj Bgvg mvne ZKwei ej ^k m~iv dvwZnv I GKwU
j^v m~iv coeb| Gici mvwgAvjvny wjgvb nvwg`vn, ievbv
IqvjvKvj nvg` ej iKz _K DVe| Ze mR`v Kie bv;
mvjvZ Aavq
79
m~h-P` MnYi mvjvZ
eis Avevi m~iv dvwZnv cvV Kie Ges Ab GKwU m~ivI coe|
GB m~ivwU Zyjbv g~jK fve c_g m~ivi Pq QvU ne| AZ:ci
Avevi iKz Kie| Ze Zv c_g iKzi Pq Kg j^v ne|
Gici iKz _K DV `ywU `xN mR`v Kie| c_g mR`vi Pq
wZxq mR`v Zzjbv g~jK Kg `xN ne Ges `yB mR`vi gvS
mvRv nq eme| AZ:ci wZxq ivKvZi Rb ùvwoq c_g
ivKvZi gZ Ki wZxq ivKvZ Av`vq Kie| Ze Zv c_g
ivKvZi Pq Kg j^v ne| AZ:ci AvvwnqvZz cvV Ki mvjvg
wdive|
MnYi Lyrevi wbqg:
mvjvg wdivbvi ci Bgvg mnei Rb GKwU Lyrev Ìqv
mybZ| LyrevZ wZwb gymwjìK IqvR Kieb Ges Zvì wbKU
MnYi NUbv DjL Kieb hb Zvì Ai big nq hvq| mv_
mv_ gvbylK `vqv I BMdvi (gv cv_bv) Kivi wb`k
wèb|
. 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 < >; 6% 8 / % N
*(5
1
U :
5= 8/ 9 :; D (
W%/ 3 /
*BR |6E s X% 5# < \ "t
G 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
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MnYi bvgvRi cZK ivKvZi c_g iKz cj ivKvZ
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Ki Ges Avjvni Gev`Zi w`K Drmvn c`vb Ki| mv_ m_
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. eyLvix nv: bs 1025 k ZviB I gymwjg nv: bs 894
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im~jyjvn [] AvgvK wZbwU AwmqZ KiQb: cwZ gvm wZb
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welq Ggbfve GLviv Kivi wkv `vb KiZb hfve
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Kvb evcvi wmv wbq wPvq co ZLb m hb `yB ivKvZ
bdj bvgvR Av`vq Ki ej:
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ZvKwì Iqvjvv AvKwì, Iqv Zvjvgy Iqvjvv Avjvg, Iqv Avv
Avjvvgyj q~e, Avjvv Bb& Kzb&Zv Zvjvgy Avbv nvvRvj Avg&iv
LBib jx dx xbx Iqv gvAvvkx Iqv AvvwKevwZ Avg&ix (A_ev
ejb: dx AvvwRwj Avgix I AvvwRwjn&) dvK`yin jx| Iqv Bb
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K_v DjL Kie|
A_: n Avjvn! Avwg Avcbvi vb KiY Avcbvi wbKU wmv
Zje Kivi cv_bv KiwQ (G KvRi Rb) Ges (G evcvi)
Avcbvi wbKU kw cv_bv KiwQ (G KvRi Rb) Ges (G evcvi)
Avcbvi dRj I KiYv PvwQ; Kbbv, Gi kw Avcbvi AvQ wK
Avgvi bq Ges Avcwb (Gi fvj-g`) Rvbb| Avwg Rvwb bv;
mvjvZ Aavq
93
GLvivi mvjvZ
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AvLivZi evcvi gjgq ne, (A_ev wZwb ejb: Avgvi `ywbqv
I AvLivZi evcvi gjRbK ne) Zv nj Zv Avgvi Rb mnR
Ki `vI| Avi hw` Avcbvi vb Ggb _vK h, G KvRwU Avgvi
`xb, Rxeb I AvLivZi Rb (A_ev wZwb ejb: Avgvi `ywbqv I
AvLivZi Rb) Agj ne, Zvnj mwU Avgvi _K `~i Ki
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Kiv nqQ mLvb wbRi cqvRbi bvg DjL Kie|1
.eyLvix nvt bs 6382
mvjvZ Aavq
94

KziAvb ZjvIqvZi mR`vi Kzg:
bvgvRi evwni I fZi ZjvIqvZi mR`v Kiv mybZ|
ZjvIqvZKvix I keYKvixi Rb ZjvIqvZi mR`v Kiv mybZ|
KziAvb mR`vi msLv:
KziAvbi 14wU m~ivZ gvU 15wU mR`vi AvQ: m~iv Avivd,
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Lei A_ev wb`k| wKQz AvqvZ mvaviY fve ev wekl fve
gLjyK AvjvnK mR`v Ki Zvi Lei c`vb| ZvB ZjvIqvZKvix
I kvZvi Rb m mKj gvLjyKi m`k mR`v Kiv mybZ| Avi
wKQz AvqvZ Avjvn Zvui Rb mR`v Kivi wb`k KiQb| ZvB
gLjyK Zvui iei AvbyMZi Rb ZvovZvwo Ki mR`v Kie|
ZjvIqvZi mR`vi cwZ:
ZjvIqvZi mR`v gv GKwU| hw` bvgvRi wKivZ nq
Zvnj mR`vq hvIqv I DVvi mgq ZKwei eje| Avi hw`
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è|
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hLb ewb Av`g mR`vi AvqvZ cvV Ki mR`v Ki ZLb
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95
kqZvb GK cvk mi wMq Kvu` Avi ej; nvq Avdmvm! Ab

eYbvq AvQ, nvq Avgvi Avdmvm! ewb Av`g mR`vi Rb
wb`wkZ nq mR`v KiQ, ZvB Zvi Rb RvbvZ| Avi Avwg
mR`vi Rb Avw` nj mR`v Kiv A^xKvi KiwQ, hvi KviY
Avgvi Rb Rvnvbvg|1
hLb Bgvg mvne mR`v Kieb ZLb gyvw`K Zvui AbymiY
KiZ ne| wb:k KivZ wewk bvgvR h AvqvZ ev m~ivZ
mR`vi AvqvZ AvQ Zv Bgvgi Rb cvV Kiv gKin bq|
ZjvIZi mR`vq wK eje:
bvgvRi mR`vq hme `vqv I wRwKi ejv nq ZvB
wZjvIqvZi mR`vq eje|
cwe Aevq KyiAvb ZjvIqZi mR`v Kiv mybZ| Ze Ihy
QvovI mR`v Kiv Rvqh| Abyic nvqh, wbdvm AevZI
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. gymwjg nvt bs 81
mvjvZ Aavq
96
mR`vq Ki
mR`vq Ki (KZZvi mR`v)

KZZvi mR`v KLb kixqZ mZ:
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|
hgb: Kvi n`vqZi mymsev` A_ev Bmjvg MnY ev
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hgb: Wyev, AwM`, nZv, Pvii Kej cov BZvw` _K
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Kwiqv Av`vq Rb mR`vi wbqg:
Kvb ZKwei I mvjvg Qvov kyay gv GKwU mR`v Kiv| G
mR`v KiZ ne mvjvZi evwni| Aevi cwZ `vwouq, em,
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welq AvmZ ZLb wZwb Avjvni Kwiqv Av`vqi Rb mR`vq
co hZb|1
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bvgvRi mR`vq hme `vqv I wRwKi ejv nq ZvB mR`vq
Ki eje|
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7.
gZz I Zvi weavb|

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98
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Avjvni evYx:
ejyb, Zvgiv h gZz _K cjvqbci, mB gZz

AekB Zvgvì gyLvgywL ne| AZ:ci Zvgiv A`k
I `ki vbx Avjvni KvQ DcwZ ne| wZwb
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KiZ| [m~iv Rygy Av: 8]
99
RvbvRv Aavq
gZz I Zvi weavb
3- RvbvRv Aavq
1- gZz I Zvi weavb
gvbyli Aevmg~n:
gvbyl GKwU i ci Ab i AvivnY Ki Ges GKwU
Aevi ci Aci Aevq cwieZb nq| Bnv mgq nvK ev vb
wKsev kixi wKsev Ai|
1. gvbyli Rxeb Aevi cwieZb hgb: wbivcv _K fqfxwZZ, my _K AmyZ, kvw nZ hy, DeiZv _K
`ywf, Avb` _K `y:wPv BZvw` AveZb-cwieZ nZB
_vK|
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gwj, GK vb _K Abvb hvZvqvZ Ki| gvi cU _K
`ywbqvZ, `ywbqv _K Kei, Kei _K nvkii gq`vb|
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3. kixii Aevi cwieZ hgb: GK i _K Aci i
AvivnY Ki| exh _K ii UzKiv Ges Zv nZ Avevi
gvsmi UzKiv| Gici wk nZ hyeK I e AZ:ci gZz|
4. Aii Aev eoB Avh RbK| GKevi Avjvni m mK
Avevi `ywbqvi mv_| GKevi ab-mì mv_, GKevi bvixi
mv_, GKevi AUvwjKv BZvwì mv_ Syj| Avi Aii
mePq gnvb mK njv Avjvni mi mK| `ywbqvK
Avjvni Gev`Z evevqbi Rb eenvi Ki| G PviwU
mePq iZcY~ Aev| ZvB gvbyli KiYxq njv: m hb
Zvi Aii Leiv-Lei ivL hvZ Ki Avjvn Qvov Abi
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RvbvRv Aavq
100
gZz I Zvi weavb
gZzi mgq-mxgv:
gZz njv: kixi _K AvZvi weqvMi viv `ywbqv ZvM Kiv|
wPivqx GKgv Avjvn| wZwb cwZwU gLjyKi Rb gZz wjL
w`qQb| gvbyli eqm hZB j^v nvK bv Kb GK w`b ZvK
giYi ^v` MnY KiZB ne| Avgji wR`Mx nZ cwZ`vbi
RMZ cvwo w`ZB ne| Avi Kei njv AvLivZi mec_g
gwj|
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{
: z
ejyb! wbqB Zvgiv gZz _K cjvqb Ki wK gZz AekB

Zvgvì m mvvr KieB| AZ:ci ZvgvìK cKvk I
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Zvgvì KZ Avgji Lei wèb| [ m~iv RygyAv: 8]
2. Aviv Avjvni evYx:
: z {
Zvgiv hLvbB nI bv Kb; gZz wK ZvgvìK cvKovI

KieB-hw` Zvgiv my`p `yMi fZiI Aevb Ki, ZeyI|
[m~iv wbmv: 78]
ivMxi cwZ hv IqvwRe:
ivMxi cwZ IqvwRe njv m Avjvni dqmvjvi Dci Cgvb
Avbe Ges Zvi ZKwìi cwZ ahaviY Kie| Avi Zvi
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101
RvbvRv Aavq
gZz I Zvi weavb
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ZZxqvsk AwmqZ Kie| Ze Gi Pq Kg nIqvUvB Dg| ea
cvq wPwKrmv Kie| Avi mybZ njv, Zvi mgmvi K_v Zvi
cwZcvjKi wbKU Rvbve Ges Zuvi wbKU AvivM Kvgbv Kie|
h Rxebi Avkv nvwiq dje m wK eje:
zY
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jx Iqvi&nvgbx IqvAvj&wnKbx wei&ivdxwKj Avjv|1
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ejQb:Kviv gywmeZi KviY gZz hb Kvgbv bv Ki| hw`
gZzK Kvgbv KiZB nq Ze eje:[Avjvv Avn&wqbx gvv
KvvbvwZj nvqvvZz LBivb jx Iqv ZvIqvddvbx Bhvv KvvbvwZj
IqvdvvZz LBivb jx]
. eyLvix nv: bs 4440 I gymwjg nv: bs 2444 k ZviB
RvbvRv Aavq
102
gZz I Zvi weavb
n Avjvn! hw` euP _vKv Avgvi Rb gj nq Ze AvgvK

euvwPq ivL| Avi hw` gZz Avgvi Rb KjvYgq nq Ze AvgvK
gZz `vb Ki|1
gZzi Rb cwZi wbqg:
gymwjgi Dci IqvwRe nQ gZzi Rb cw Z MnY Kiv Ges
ekx ekx gZzK iY Kiv| gZzi Rb cwZ MnY Kiv nQ:
cvc _K ZIev Kiv, AvLivZK `ywbqvi Dci cvavb Ìqv,
mKj cKvi Ryjyg-AZvPvi _K wbRK weiZ ivLv, Avjvni
AvbyMZi cwZ AMmi nIqv Ges mKj nvivg wRwbm _K weiZ
_vKv|
ivMx `kb KiZ hvIqv I ZvK ZIev I AwmqZi K_v iY
Kivbv mybZ| Avi Zvi wPwKrmv Kvb gymwjg Wvvii wbKU
Kivbv Kvdii wbKU bq| wK hw` Kvdi Wvvii wekl
cqvRb nq Ges Zvi cZviYv _K wbivc` _vK Ze RvqR|
gZzgyL cwZZ ewK ZvjKxbi weavb:
h ivMxi gZzi mgq Zvi wbKU DcwZ ne Zvi Rb mybZ
njv, ZvK kvnv`vZ Z_v Avjvni GKZevì mvi ZvjKxb
Ìqv| ivMxK jvv Bjvvnv Bjvjvn ejvi Rb iY Kwiq
Ìqv| Zvi Rb `vqv Kiv Ges Zvi DcwwZZ fvj Qvov Kvb
g` K_v bv ejv| Kvb Kvdi ewi gZzZ gymwjg ewi
DcwZ nIqv ea; hvZ Ki Zvi cwZ Bmjvg ck KiZ cvi|
ZvK eje: ej! jvv Bjvvnv Bjvjvn|
f gZzi wKQz AvjvgZ-jY:
1. gvBqZi gZzi mgq Kvjgv Z_v jvv Bjvvnv Bjvjvn| co
gZzeiY Kiv|
2. gywgbi Kcvj Nvg Aevq gZz hvIqv|
3. knx` nIqv Z_v Avjvni ivvq gviv hvIqv|
1. eyLvix nvt bs 6351 k ZviB gymwjg nvt bs 2680
103
RvbvRv Aavq
gZz I Zvi weavb
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hvIqv|
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nZ wbivc` _vKe|
7. eMn (Pleurisy) I hv ivM gviv hvIqv|
8. gnvgvix-cM A_ev cUi cxovq wKsev Wye ev cyo A_ev
Pvcv co gviv hvIqv|
9. gwnjvì evPv cmei mgq gviv hvIqv|
gZzi m~ eyS:
cwZwU gymwjgi Dci IqvwRe njv, me`v gZzK iY Kiv|
Avi G K_v bv fvev h, gZz gvb cwievi, ez-eve I `ywbqvi
Avivg Avqk _K wewQb nIqv; KviY G aibi wPv-fvebv QvU
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cuywR I cwZ| G viv ev`v Zvi AvLivZi Rb cw Z I Avgj
ew KiZ cvi Ges Avjvni cwZ mvov `q| Avi c_g `wfx
Zvi Avdmvm I jvKB evove| Avjvn hLb Zvi Kvb ev`vK
wekl Kvb Rwgb K KiZ Pvb, ZLb mLvb Zvi cqvRb Ki
`b Avi m mLvb wMqB gviv hvq|
gymwjgi Dci IqvwRe njv gZzi mgq Avjvni cwZ fvj
aviYv ivLv; KviY bex []-Gi evYx:
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gviv hvq|1
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gvbyli gZz Rvbvi wKQz wb`kb hgb: Pvqvj em cov, bvK
Xj hvIqv, nvZi cvvq wXj nq hvIqv, cvq wkw_j nq cov,
RvbvRv Aavq
104
gZz I Zvi weavb
PvL AcjK `wZ `L _vKv, kixi Vvv nq hvIqv Ges

kvmckvm e nq hvIqv|
Kvb gymwjg ew gviv Mj Zvi mv_ wK KiYxq:
1. hLb Kvb gymwjg ew gviv hve ZLb Zvi Pzq e Ki
Ìqv mybZ| Avi Pz e Kivi mgq G ej `vqv Kie:
.% % . 5 ; a T% 7 = % . 5

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aG6% 8 5# % . 2E ; F I ; 15 1% b# *8 4"5
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jv dxn&, IqvLjyd dx AvwKwewn wdjMweixb, IqvMwdi jvbvv
Iqvjv Bqvv ievj Avvjvgxb|1
Gici cyil nj Zvi `vwojv GKwU Kvco viv eua wè
Ges Kvgjfve Zvi kixii Rvovjv big Ki wè| Rwgb
_K Dci DwVq ivLe| Zvi cwiaq e Lyj wè Ges mg
kixq XvK Ggb GKwU eo Pvì viv Avcv` gK XK wè|
AZ:ci Mvmj wè|
2. mybZ njv Zvi iL hvIqv mg FY Rjw` Ki cwikva
Kiv| Zvi AwmqZ evevqb Kiv| `Z ZvK Kvdb-`vdbi
Rb cZ Kiv Ges Zvi mvjvZ RvbvRv Av`vq Kiv| Avi h
kni gviv MQ mLvbB mgvwa Kiv| DcwZ ew I
Abvbì Rb gvBqZi gyLgj Lvjv Ges Pzgv Ìqv I
k Qvov Kuv`v RvqR|
gZi Dci Avjvni h mKj nK Zv Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe|
hgb RvKvZ, bRi-gvbZ, Kvddviv, diR nR| GjvK
IqvwiQì I FYi nKi c~e AMvwaKvi w`Z ne; KviY
Avjvni nK c~Y Kiv ekx chvR| Avi gywgbi AvZv Zvi FY
cwikva bv Kiv ch AvUKv _vK|
RvbvRv Aavq
105
gZz I Zvi weavb
bvixi Rb Zvi mvb A_ev Abì Dci wZb w`b kvK cvjb
Kiv RvqR| Avi ^vgxi Rb Pvi gvm `k w`b| bvix ivR
wKqvgZ Zvi kl ^vgxi Rb ne|
gZi AvZxq-^Rb I Abvbì cwZ Zvi Rb wejvc Ki
`b Kiv nvivg| Bnv AkSivi Dci AwZwi wRwbm| gZK
Zvi Rb wejvc Ki iv`bi dj Kei kvw `qv nq| Avi
gywmeZi mgq Mvj Po gviv, Kvco wQuov, gv_vi Pzj gyvbv I
Qwoq ivLv nvivg RvnwjqvZi KvR|
gZi msev` gvbylK Rvbvbv:
gZi gviv hvIqvi Lei cPvi Kiv RvqR; hvZ Ki gvbyl
Zvi mvjvZ RvbvRvq DcwZ nq Ges RvbvRv Av`vq KiZ cvi|
Avi gZzi Lei `vZvi Rb gyvnve njv: Lei `qvi mgq
gvbylK gvBqZi gvi Rb `vqv KiZ ejv| Mie I Anvi
Ges gvBwKs BZvw` Ki gZzi Lei cPvi Kiv RvqR bB|
gywmeZi mgq gywmweZM ew wK eje I Kie:
gvBqZi AvZxq-^Rb I Abvbì cwZ IqvwRe njv: hLb
gZzi msev` RvbZ cvie ZLb ahaviY Kiv| Avi Zvì Rb
mybZ njv fvMi Dci m _vKv I mIqvei Avkv Kiv Ges
Bbvv wjjvwn Iqv Bbvv BjvBwn iwREb cov|
3 &% & :<XG 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
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gywmeZi mgq eje: Bbvv wjjvwn Iqv Bbvv BjvBwn ivvwREb,
Avjvv AvRyibx dx gymxevZx, IqvAvLwjd jx LBivb wgbnvv
RvbvRv Aavq
106
gZz I Zvi weavb
Avjvn Zvi gywmeZ mIqve `vb Kieb Ges Zvi cwieZ Zvi
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gymwjg ewi wZbwU bvevjK mvb gviv hve Avjvn ZvK
Zvì Rb Zuvi AbyMn ZvK RvbvZ cek Kiveb|2
ahaviY nQ wbRK AwiZv, RevbK AwfhvM Ges AcZK nvivg hgb: Mvj Pvcovbv I Kvco BZvw` wQuov
_K weiZ ivLvi bvg|
gZ`ni gqbvZ` BZvwì Rb (Pos:mor:em) AsMeeQ`
Kivi weavb:
gZ gymwjg ewi jvk gqbvZì Rb A_ev Kvb gnvgvixcM ivMi Zì Dk AsMeeQ` Kiv RvqR; KviY Gi
viv wbivcv I Bbmvdi KjvY cwZv nq Ges RvwZK gvivZK
msvgK ivM-evwa _K euvPvbv nq| Avi hw` AsMeeQ`
wkv MnY I wkv `qv Dk nq Ze gymwjgi mvb RxweZ I
gZz mevevq envj _vKe| G evcvi Agymwjgì gZ`n
AsMeeQ` KivB h_ ne| wK wekl cqvRb kZ
gvZveK RvqR nZ cvi|

RvbvRv Aavq
107
gvBqZi Mvmj
2- gvBqZi Mvmj
gvBqZK K Mvmj è?
1. h ew Mvmji mybZ mK ekx AeMZ mB Mvmj wè|
ZvZ Zvi Rb mIqve iqQ hw` m Avjvni mwi Rb Ki
Ges gZi `vl-wU Mvcb ivL I hv wKQz Lvivc `Le Zv
gvbyli wbKU bv ej|
2. weevì mgq cyil gvbyli Mvmji nK`vi gZi AwmqZKZ
ewB| Gici h_vg Zvi evev, `v`v I imwKZ Avmvev
(wbKUvZxq bv _vKv Aevq `~ieZx hme AvZxq-^Rb gZi
DivwaKvi jvf Ki) Zvì wbKU ZiZxe h AvM| Gici
gvqi ci AvZxq-^Rb|
Avi gZ ew bvix nj Zvi AwmqZKZ bvix| Gici gv, `v`x I
wbKU ZiZxe h AvM| ^vgx-xi GK AciK Mvmj Ìqv
RvqR| Avi gZK PvB cyil nvK ev bvix nvK mg kixi
GKevi aZ Kiv h_|
gZK Mvmji mgq Mvmj`vZv I hviv ZvK mvnvh Kie
Zviv DcwZ ne Ges Abvbì nvwRi nIqv gKin|
Avb cyo gviv Mj Zvi Mvmji weavb:
1. hw` gymwjg I Kvdi GK cyo BZvw` fve gviv hvq Ges
cv_K Kiv me bv nq, Ze Zvì ga hviv gymwjg Zvì
Dk mKjK Mvmj, Kvdb I RvbvRv Ki `vdb Kie|
2. Avb cyo giv ev kixi wQb wfb nqMQ BZvw` ewi
Mvmj Ìqv hw` me bv nq wKsev cvwb bv _vK, Zvnj Mvmj,
Ihy I Zvqvyg QvovB Kvdb cwiq Zvi RvbvRv coZ ne|
kixii wKQy Ask hgb nvZ-cv BZvwì Dci RvbvRv cov RvqR
hw` evwK Ask cvIqv Ame nq|
mvZ eQi eqmi Qj nvK ev gq nvK ZvK bvix ev cyil
Mvmj w`Z cvie| hw` Kvb cyil AcwiwPZ bvixì gvS
RvbvRv Aavq
108
gvBqZi Mvmj
ev Kvb bvix AcwiwPZ cyilì gvS gviv hvq A_ev Mvmj

Ìqv mgmv nq Ze Mvmj QvovB RvbvRv co `vdb KiZ
ne|
Avjvni ivvq hyi gq`vb gZ knx`K Mvmj Ìqv Pje
bv| G Qvov Avi hZ knx` AvQ ZvìK Mvmj w`Z ne|
KvdiK Mvmj Ìqvi weavb:
Kvb gymwjgi Rb Kvb KvdiK Mvmj Ìqv ev Kvdb
civbv wKsev Zvi Dci RvbvRv cov ev Zvi gZ`nK we`vq
Rvbvbv wKsev `vdb Kiv nvivg| eis hw` Zvi AvZxq-^Rbì
KD bv _vK Ze gvwU viv ZvK XK wè| Avi gykwiK ewi
gymwjg AvZxq-^Rbì Rb Zvi (gykwiK) gZ`nK `vdbi
Rb mv_ hvIqv ea bq|
gvBqZi mybZx cvq Mvmji cwZ:
hLb KD Kvb gZ ewK Mvmj w`Z PvBe ZLb ZvK
Mvmji LvU ivLe| Gici Zvi AvIiZK XK w`q Zvi
kixii Kvco Lyj wbe| AZ:ci cvq emvi gZ Ki Zvi gv_vK
DuPz Kie| Gici big Ki Zvi cUK Pvce I ekx Ki cvwb
Xj gqjv ei Ki wbe| Gici Mvmj`vZvi nvZ GKwU bKov
cuwPq ev nvZ gvRv cwiavb Kie| AZ:ci Mvmji wbqZ Ki
c_g mvjvZi Ihyi gZ Ihy Kive| Ze gyL I bvK cvwb cek
Kive bv| eis wfRv Avyjq bvK I gyL cek Kive|
AZ:ci Kyj cvZv ev mvevb wgwkZ cvwb viv c_g gvBqZi
gv_v I `vwo aZ Kie| Gici Nvo nZ cv ch c_g Wvb cvk
aZ Kie| Gici evg cvki Dci iL Wvb w`Ki wcV aZ
Kie| AZ:ci Abyic fve evg cvk aZ Kie|
Gici wZxq I ZZxq evi c_g evii gZ aZ Kie| hw`
cwivi bv nq Ze eRvo Ki cwivi nIqv ch aZ Kie|
Avi Mvmji kl evi cvwbi m Kvdi ev AvZi-mU wgwkq
RvbvRv Aavq
109
gvBqZi Mvmj
aZ Kie| Avi hw` gZi gvP ev bL ekx j^v nq Ze KU

djZ ne| Gici GKwU Kvco viv gyQ wbZ ne|
gwnjvi PzjK wZbwU eYx Ki wcQbi w`K ivLZ ne| Avi hw`
Mvmji ci gZi `n _K bvsiv wKQz ei nq Ze ei nIqvi
vb aZ Ki Zzjv viv e Ki Avevi Ihy KivZ ne|
RvbvRv Aavq
110
gvBqZi `vdb
3- gvBqZi `vdb-mgvwa
gvBqZi m` vivB ZvK Kvdb civbv IqvwRe| hw` Zvi
gvj bv _vK Ze g~j (hgb: evev, `v`v--) I kvLvi (Qj,
bvZx---) hvì cwZ Zvi fiY-cvlY IqvwRe Zvì Dci
Kvdbi LiP Kiv Riix|
gvBqZK Kvdb civbvi cwZ:
cyil gvBqZK bZzb wZbwU mv`v Kvco viv Kvdb civbv I
wZbevi P`b KvVi auvqvi myMw Ìqv mybZ| GKUvi ci GKUv
Kvco wewQq Kvcoi gvS Lvkey jvMve| Gici gvBqZK Zvi
Dci wPZ Ki kvwqZ Kive| Gici Lvkey jvMvbv GKwU Zzjv `yB
wbZî gvS iL wè hv Zvi mg kixii Rb myMw Qove|
Avi GKwU bKov viv QvU cvRvgvi gZ Ki Zvi AvIiZi Dci
eua wè|
Gici Dcii KvcowU evg cvki w`K nZ Wvb cvki Dci
ivLe| AZ:ci Wvb w`K nZ KvcowU wbq evg cvki Dci
ivLe| Gici wZxq I ZZxq KvcowU Abyic fve Kie| Avi
gv_vi I cvqi w`Ki AwZwi Kvco eua wè Ges Kvgii
Dci GKwU ei gZ Ki eua wè hvZ Ki Qwoq bv co
Ges Kei kvwqZ Kivi ci Lyj wè|
gwnjviv cyili gZB| Avi evPvì Rb GKwU KvcoB h_,
ZvK wZbwU Kvco Kvdb Ìqv RvqR|
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RvbvRv Aavq
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gvBqZi `vdb
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gvBqZi mg kixi XvK Ggb GKwU eo Kvco viv Kvdb
Ìqv RvqR|
knx`K Kvdbi cwZ:
hyi gq`vb knx` ewK Zvi Kvco vivB Kvdb w`Z
ne| Mvmj Ìqv jvMe bv| Avi Zvi Kvcoi Dci Aviv
GKwU ev GKvwaK Kvco viv Kvdb Ìqv gyvnve|
gynwig ewi Kvdbi cwZ:
nR ev Dgivi Gnivg civ Aevq gZ ewK Kzj cvZv
wgwkZ cvwb ev mvevb viv Mvmj w`Z ne| Avi Kvb cKvi
Lvkey jvMvbv I mjvBKZ Kvco civbv Ges gv_v-gyLgj XvKv
Pje bv hw` cyil nq; KviY m wKqvgZi w`b Zvjweqv coZ
coZ cybiwZ ne| Avi Zvi nRi evwK Kvhvw` KvRv KiviI
cqvRb bq Ges h Kvcoq gviv MQ mB KvcoB Kvdb
w`Z ne|
MfPzZ Am~Y mvb hw` gviv hvq, hvi eqm Pvi gvm Ze
Mvmj w`q Kvdb cwiq RvbvRv KiZ ne|
hw` Mvmji ci gvBqZi kixi _K Kvb bv-cvK e ei
nq Ze bZzb Ki Mvmj `qvi cqvRb bq; KviY GZ K
I RwUjZv mw ne|
RvbvRv Aavq
112
mvjvZ RvbvRvi cwZ
4- gvBqZi Dci mvjvZ RvbvRv Av`vqi cwZ

RvbvRvi vb:
RvbvRvi mvjvZ nvwRi nIqv I Keivb ch hvIqvZ
AbK DcKvi iqQ Zvi ga AbZg:
gvBqZi Dci RvbvRv co Zvi nK Av`vq Kiv Ges ZvZ
mycvwik I `vqv Kiv| gZi cwievii nK Av`vq Kiv| gywmeZi
mgq Zvì fvv Ai ckvw `vb Kiv| gZK Keivb ch
cuQ ÌqvZ eo mIqve ARb Kiv| Avi RvbvRv I Kei `kb
IqvR-bwmnZ MnY QvovI AbK dvq`v iqQ|
RvbvRv mvjvZi weavb:
RvbvRvi mvjvZ diR Kdvqv| Bnv gymjxì mIqve eab
Ges gZì Rb mycvwik| RvbvRvq jvK msLv ekx nIqv
gyvnve Ges hZ gymjx msLv evoe ZZB Dg|
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ejZ bwQ: h gymwjg gvBqZi RvbvRvi mvjvZ Avjvni m
Kvb wKQzK kwiK Ki bvB Ggb 40Rb Av`vq Kie Zvi evcvi
Zvì mycvwik Avjvn Keyj Kieb|1
gvBqZi cwZ RvbvRv covi cwZ:
1. h ew gZi Dci mvjvZ RvbvRv Av`vq KiZ Pvq m Ihy
Ki wKejvgyLx nq gvBqZK wKejv I Zvi gvS ivLe|
2. gvBqZ cyil nj mybZ njv Bgvg mvne Zvi gv_vi cvk
Avi gwnjv nj Zvi gaLvb ùvoveb| Pvi ev cuvP wKsev Qq
1.gymwjg nvt bs 948
113
RvbvRv Aavq
mvjvZ RvbvRvi cwZ
A_ev mvZ ev bq ZKwei viv RvbvRv coeb| wekl Ki

vb, k, bK I ZvKIqv m~Y I Bmjvgi evcvi hvì
DjLhvM wL`gZ iqQ Ggb ewì RvbvRvq ZKwei
evoveb| ZKweii msLv GKvK mgq GKvKUv Kie; KviY
Gi viv mybZ wR`v ne|
3. Kuva ev Kvbi jwZ eivei `ynvZ Dvjb KiZ: Avjv
AvKevi ej c_g ZKwei wèb| Abyic fve evwK
ZKweijvZ Kieb| Wvb nvZ evg nvZi Dci Ki eyKi
Dci ivLeb| `vqv BwdZv ev Qvbv bv co AvEhywejvn I
wemwgjvnmn m~iv dvwZnv wbie coeb|1 gvS ga dvwZnvi
mv_ Ab GKwU m~ivI coeb|
4. Gici wZxq ZKwei w`q ì` kixd ejeb:
< } "/ %P)+ "/
4"?

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mjvBZv Avjvv Beivnxg, Iqv Avjv Avvwj Beivnxg, BbvKv nvgx`yg
gvRx`| Avjvv evvwiK Avjvv gynvv`, Iqv Avjvv Avvwj
gynvv`, Kvgvv evviKZv Avjvv Beivnxg, Iqv Avjvv Avvwj
Beivnxg, BbvKv nvgx`yg gvRx`|2
5. Gici ZZxq ZKwei w`q GLjvmi mv_ nv`xm ewYZ
`vqvmg~n nZ `vqv coe hgb:
. gvbylK wkLvbvi Dk ^k covI RvqR AvQ|

114
RvbvRv Aavq
mvjvZ RvbvRvi cwZ
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IqvMwqwebvv Iqv mMxwibvv Iqv Kvexwibvv Iqv hvKvwibvv Iqv
DbQvvbvv| Avjvv gvb Avn&BqvBZv wgbvv dvAvn&wqwn Avjvj
Bmjvvg, Iqv gvb ZvIqvddvBZv wgbvv dvZvIqvddv Avjvj
Cgvb| Avjvv jvv Zvn&wigbvv AvRivn&, Iqv jvv Zzwhjvbvv
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Iqv AvKwig byRyjv, Iqv Iqvmwm gy`Lvjv, IqvMwmj
wejgvvwq
IqvQQvjwR
Iqvjeviv`,
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bvKwKwn
wgbvjLvZBqvv Kvgvv bvKKvBZv QvIevj AveBqvhv
wgbv``vbvm, Iqv Ave&w`j `vvivb LBivb wgb `vvwiwn, Iqv
Avn&jvb LBivb wgb Avn&wjwn, Iqv RvIRvb LBivb wgb
RvIwRwn, Iqv Av`wLjj RvbvZv Iqv AvBh wgb Avhvvwej
Kewi (A_ev) wgb Avhvvwebvvi|2
1. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 3201 , Beb gvRvn nvt bs 1498 k ZviB
2.gymwjg nvt bs 963
115
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mvjvZ RvbvRvi cwZ
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wRIqvvwiK, dvwKwn wgb wdZbvwZj Ke&i, Iqv Avhvvweb&bvvi,
Iqv Avv Avnjyj Iqvdvvwq IqvjnvK&K, dvMwdi jv
Iqvinvg, BbvKv Avvj Mdii inxg|1
gvBqZ hw` QvU evPv nq Ze G kjv wgjve:
X875 .EU. mU

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AvjvvRAvj jvbvv mvjvdvIu Iqv dvivZvv, Iqv AvRivIu Iqv

hyLivv|2
6. Gici PZz_ ZKwei w`q `vqv KiZ: GKUz Acv Ki
aygv Wvb w`K mvjvg wdive| Avi hw` gvS ga evg
w`KI wZxq mvjvg wdivB ZvZ Kvb Amyweav bq|
hw` Kviv wKQz ZKwei QzU hvq Ze Zvi cwZ gvZveK
KvRv Ki wbe| Avi hw` KvRv bv Ki Bgvgi m mvjvg
wdwiq `q Ze Zvi RvbvRvi mvjvZ mnxn nq hve|
BbkvvAvvjvn|
GKvwaK jvk nj Bgvgi mvgb wKfvK mvwie Kie:
mybZ njv gvBqZi Dci RvgvZ mnKvi RvbvRv cov Ges
wZb mvwii Kg
bv nIqv| hw` GK mv_ AbKjv
gvBqZGKwZ nq Ze mybZ njv Bgvg mvne cyilì cvk
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gwnjvìK evPvì mvgb ivLe| G Aevq mevi Rb GKevi
1. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 3202, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 1499 k ZviB
2 . nv`xmwU nvmvb, evBnvKx nvt bs 6794 Avjevbx (int)-Gi AvnKvgyj RvbvwqR ct161
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RvbvRv Aavq
116
mvjvZ RvbvRvi cwZ
RvbvRv cojB h_ ne| Avi hw` mevi Rb Avjv`v Ki co

Ze RvqR|
RvbvRvi mvjvZ `vqvi cwZ:
gvBqZi kYx wnmve RvbvRvi `vqv ne| hw` cyil nq
Ze hgb:c~e DjL nqQ| Avi hw` bvix nq Ze mebvgjv
x wj KiZ ne| gvBqZ GKvwaK nj wj wnmve bvix-cyil
f` eePb KiZ ne| hgb: bvixiv nj ejv: AvjvvMwdi
jvbv---| Avi hw` gvBqZbvix bv cyil Rvbv bv hvq Ze
gvBqZK (gvBqZ kwU bvix-cil Dfq wji Rb eenvi
nq) j Ki AvjvvMwdi jv--- A_ev wRbvRvn (wRbvRvn
A_ ke`n hv bvix-cyil Dfqi Rb chvR) j Ki
AvjvvMwdi jvnv--- ejv RvqR|
knxì RvbvRv covi weavb:
Avjvni ivvq knxì RvbvRvi evcvi Bgvg BQv Kij
RvbvRv coe Avi bv nq bv coe| Ze RvbvRv covB Dg|
ZvìK Zvì knx`v vbB mgvwa KiZ ne| G Qvov hviv
knxì gZzeiY Ki hgb: Wye ev cyo BZvw` fve giv| Zviv
AvLivZi knxì mIqve cve| ZvìK Mvmj w`Z Ges
Kvdb cwiq Abvbì gZ Zvì Dci RvbvRvi mvjvZ coZ
ne|
Kvi cwZ RvbvRvi mvjvZ cov hve:
1. gymwjg gvBqvZ PvB bKKvi nvK ev cvwc nvK Zvi Dci
Rvbvbv cov mybZ| wK mvjvZ ZvMKvixi Dci RvbvRv cov
Pje bv|
2. AvZnZvKvix I MwbgZi gvj wLqvbZKvixi Dci ev`kvn I
Zvi cwZwbwa RvbvRv coe bv; Bnv Zvì Rb kvw I agwK
îc| mvaviY gymjgvbiv RvbvRvi mvjvZ coe|
RvbvRv Aavq
117
mvjvZ RvbvRvi cwZ
3. h gymwjgi cwZ iRg (civNvZ nZv Kiv) ev Kmvm

(nZvi cixeZ nZv)-Gi kvw cqvM Ki nZvKZ ewK
Mvmj, Kvdb I RvbvRv co `vdb KiZ ne|
RvbvRv cov I `vdb Kiv ch gZi m Keivb hvIqvi
dwRjZ:
mybZ njv Cgvb mnKvi I mIqvei Dk gvBqZi mv_
RvbvRv cov I mgvwa kl nIqv ch Acv Kiv| gvBqZi
mv_ Keivb ch hvIqv cyilì Rb bvixì Rb ea bq|
jvki mv_ Kvb evRbv ev Avb wKsev KziAvb ZjvIqvZ A_ev
wRwKi-`vqv cvV Kiv Pje bv; KviY G me weÀvZ|
m+ H "%
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kwiK nq Ges RvbvRv I mgvwa Kiv ch _vK m `yB KxivZ
bwK wbq wdi Avm| cwZ KxivZ D` cvnvo eivei| Avi h
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&% r& sH = ; F !" / s
*5
Avmmvjvvgy AvjvBKzg `vviv KvIwgb gywgbxb, Iqv Bbvv
BbkvvAvjv weKzg jvvwnKb3
3. A_ev eje:

3 . gymwjg nvt bs 249
RvbvRv Aavq
130
Kei wRqviZ
X%S"5 . 4"5 ji { # + *+ n

% "%
#5 n
&% r 5# 3 &% ; Ga65 J P !" / s
*5
."& .EU.
D % o5# !5 5 . 4"5 <\>
Avmmvjvvgy AvjvBKzg Avnjv` w`Bqvwi wgbvj gywgbxbv

Iqvjgymwjgxb, Iqv Bbvv BbkvvAvjv jvjvvwnKb, AvmAvjyjvnv
jvbvv IqvjvKgyj Avvwdqvn&| 1
Kei wRqviZKvixì cKvi:
1. hviv gZì gvi Rb Avjvni KvQ `vqv Ki| Avi Zvì
Aev viv Dc`k MnY Ki I AvLivZK iY Ki| Bnv
kwiqZ mZ wRqviZ|
2. hviv Kei wRqviZi mgq wbRi I Abvbì Rb Avjvni
wbKU `vq Ki| G wbqZ h Keii cvk `vqv Kiv
gmwRì PqI Dg| Bnv RNb weÀvZ|
3. hviv Kei wRqviZi mgq wewfb bex-im~j ev Awj-cxii
ghv`v ev nK viv Avjvni KvQ Awmjv Ki| hgb ej: n
Avgvi cwZcvjK AgyKi ghv`vi gvag Zvgvi wbKU PvwQ|
Bnv weÀvZ; KviY wkiK ch cuQ `qvi Rb Bnv GK eo
gvag|
4. hviv AvjvnK Avnvb Ki bv eis KeievmxìK WvK|
hgb ej: n Avjvni bex A_ev n Avjvni Awj wKsev n
AgyK AvgvK GgbUv `vb Kib ev AvgvK ivM gyw `vI
BZvw`| Bnv eo wkiK hv wgjvZ Bmjvg _K LvwiR Ki
`q|
gykiKì Kei wRqviZi weavb:
Agymwjgi Kei Dc`k MnYi Rb wRqviZ Kiv RvqR|
Ze Zvi Rb `vqv I gv PvIqv hve bv eis ZvK Rvnvbvgi
mymsev` Rvbve|
RvbvRv Aavq
131
Kei wRqviZ
Keivb IqvR I Dc`k MnYi vb| myZivs mLvb Kvb

cKvi MvQ jvMvbv, UvBjm viv ivv evbvbv I jvBU Rvwjq
AvjvwKZ Kiv Ges h Kvb m`hKiY RvqR bq|
gZzi ci gvBqZi m wK hvq:
I 72 G : 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>; < = < = g
Z 5%& 3 ) N
3 /
. "P I E . "/ . 5& . "P . o 72 G 6' S% . o & X7 G % R# IE Dh R"R
a 5#
.."/ 012&.
. "/ X7 G . 5&
Avbvm Beb gvjK [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn []

ejQb: gvBqZi m wZbwU wRwbm hvq| Zvi ga `ywU wdi
Avm Avi GKwU Zvi m evwK _vK| cwievi, m` I Avgj
Zvi mv_ hvq| cwievi I m` wdi Avm Avi Zvi Avgj m
evwK _K hvq|1
gZi Rb mrKg Kiv:
GKRb gymwjg Aci RxweZ ev gZ gymwjgi Rb ZZUzKz
KiZ cvie hZUyKz kwiqZ AbygwZ AvQ| hgb: `vqv Kiv,
gv PvIqv, Zvi c _K nR-Dgiv I `vb LqivZ Kiv, gZi
cwZ evwK _K hvIqv IqvwRe ivRv KvRv Ki Ìqv| hgb:
bRii ivRv| Avi KziAvb covi Rb gvjvv-gybwk ev nvdRKvwi fvov Ki KziAvb LZg w`q Zvi bwK gvBqZi bvg
eLwkq Ìqv weÀvZ|
1.eyLvix nvt bs 6514 keAv` ZviB gymwjg nvt bs 296
132
Gev`Z
4- RvKvZi Aavq
GZ iqQ:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
RvKvZi A_, weavb I dwRjZ|

mvbv-icvi RvKvZ|
evwngvZzj AvbAvg Z_v Mevw`ci RvKvZ|
Kwl mì RvKvZ|
eemv mvgMxi RvKvZ|
RvKvZzj wdZi|
RvKvZ ei Kivi wbqg|
RvKvZi LvZmg~n|
bdj `vb-LqivZ|
133
:

w v u t s r qI
~}|{zyx
: H
Avjvni evYx:
RvKvZ njv Kej dwKi, wgmwKb, RvKvZ Av`vqi KgPvix I

hvì wPvKlY cqvRb Zvì nK| Avi `vm gywi Rb,
FYMì Rb, Avjvni c_ wRnv`Kvixì Rb Ges
gymvwdiì Rb| GB njv Avjvni wbavwiZ weavb| Avjvn
mevbx, cvgq| [m~iv ZvIev: 60]
RvKvZ Aavq
134
RvKvZi A_, weavb I dwRjZ
4- RvKvZ Aavq
1- RvKvZi A_ I wevavb Ges dwRjZ
RvKvZi cKvi:
h RvKvZ Avjvn wewaweavb KiQb Zv wZb cKvi:
c_g: m` diR RvKvZ| Bnv PviwU wRwbm diR h_v:
1. mvbv I icv Ges mKj gy`v|
2. evwngvZzj Avbqvg Z_v DU, Mi, `y^v-fov I QvMji ga
hjv gyfve wePiYKvix|
3. Rwgb _K hv ei nq hgb: km`vbv, djvw` I LwbRc`v_|
4. eemv mvgMx|
wZxq: `vwqZ diR RvKvZ| Bnv njv RvKvZzj wdZi hv cwZwU
gymwjgi cwZ igRvb gvmi kl diR nq|
ZZxq: bdj `vb-LqivZ| Bnv gymwjg ew Avjvni wbKU ewk
mIqvei Avkvq Abi cwZ Gnmvb KiZ: ei Kib| Avi
m`Kvn kwU RvKvZi Rb eenvi nq; KviY Bnv RvKvZ
c`vbKvixi mZ Cgvbi cgvY Ki|
wewfb cKvi Gev`Z wewaweavb Kivi nKgZ:
Avjvn ZvAvjv Zuvi ev`vì Rb wewfb cKvi Gev`Z wewaweavb KiQb| wKQz iqQ hvi mK kixii m hgb:
mvjvZ| Avi wKQz iqQ hvi mK bdmi cQ`bxq m` LiPi
m| hgb: RvKvZ I mvaviY `vb-LqivZ| Avevi wKQz iqQ hvi
mK kixi I m` LiPi mv_ mK hgb: nR I wRnv`|
Avi wKQz AvQ hvi mK ceK Zvi cQ`bxq I hv m Pvq Zv
_K weiZ ivLvi mv_ hgb: ivRv| Avjvn ZvAvjv
Gev`ZjvK wewfb cKvi KiQb Zuvi ev`vìK cixv Kivi
Rb; K Zvi iei AvbyMZK AMvwaKvi w`Q Avi K Zvi
RvKvZ Aavq
135
cewi LvnkK cvavb w`Q| cZK Zvi Rb h Gev`Z mnR

I Dchy ZvB m Av`vq Kie|
h m` Zvi gvwjKi DcKvi Avme Zvi kZ:
m`kvjxi m` wZbwU kZ Zvi wbRi DcKvi Avme:
1. m` nvjvj nIqv|
2. m` ARb Avjvn I Zuvi im~ji AvbyMZ _K wegyL bv
nIqv|
3. m` h Avjvni nK iqQ Zv Av`vq Kiv|
RvKvZ: RvKvZ A_ ew cIqv I ekx nIqv| Bnv wekl
m` wbavwiZ ewì Rb wbw` mgq Av`vq Kiv diR|
RvKvZ diR nIqvi mgq:
RvKvZ gvq diR nq| wK bmve wbaviY Ges h mKj
m` RvKvZ diR I eqi LvZmg~ni eYbv gw`bvq wZxq
wnRwiZ nqQ|
RvKvZ Av`vqi weavb:
Bmjvg kvnv`vZvBb I mvjvZi ciB RvKvZi vb| Bnv
Bmjvg AbZg ZZxq ivKb|
1. Avjvni evYx:
v u t s rq p o n m l k j{
:-./ z | { z y xw
Zvì gvjvgvj _K RvKvZ MnY Kib hvZ Zvi gvag

ZvìK cwe I cwiQb KiZ cvib| Avi Zvì Rb `vqv
Kib; wb:m`n Avcbvi `vqv Zvì Rb mvbvîc| eZ:
Avjvn& mewKQz kvbb, Rvbb| [m~iv ZvIqv: 103]
"/ ) s "> 4+ : 9
<> ; < = :< = 8/ 9 :; / 3 ) 3 /
aS K& ; s ?
% A%
*d5 j 2G+ A% "*t5 s =+ 9
45+ . 5+ 5 # A% F 8{ N
H U
RvKvZ Aavq
136

.."/ 012&
.
% 75
2. Avyjvn Beb Dgvi [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn []

ejQb:Bmjvgi wfw cuvPwU:(1) mv `qv h, Avjvn Qvov
mZ Kvb Bjvn bB| (2) mvjvZ Kvqg Kiv| (3) RvKv` Av`vq
Kiv| (4) igRvbi ivRv ivLv| (5) Kvev Nii nR cvjb
Kiv|1
RvKvZK wewa-weavb Kivi nKgZ:
1. RvKvZ MnY Kivi Dk m` Rgv Kiv Ges dwKi I
AfveMì Dci LiP KivB ay bq; eis c_g j njv gvbyl
hvZ Ki m` _K wbRK Ea ivLZ cvi| m hb
mì gvwjK nq Mvjvg bv nq| Avi G RbB RvKvZ MnxZv
`vZvK cwe I cwiQb Ki|
2. RvKvZ hwÌ evwnK fvK mì cwigvY Kg Ki `q|
wK cKZ fve RvKvZi cfve m` evo, eiKZ nvwmj nq I
RvKvZ Av`vqKvixi Ai Cgvb ew cvq| Avi Zvi myì Pwi
ew cvq; hvi dj LiP I `vb Ki| bdmi fvjevmvi wRwbmi
PqI Eai Z_v Avjvni fvjevmv nvwmji Rb LiP Ki| Avi
Zv njv Avjvni mw ARb I RvbvZ jvf ab|
mì Avmj gvwjK K:
Bmjvg mì g~jbxwZgvjv njv ^xKvi Kiv h, Gi cKZ
gvwjK nQb Avjvn ZvAvjv| Avi ZuviB GKgv AwaKvi mì
gvwjKvbv nIqvi wbqg-bxwZ cYqb, ZvZ AwaKvmg~n
AvekKxqKiY, mxgvwbaviY I avhKiY, LPii LvZ Ges DcvRb
I eqi cvmg~n eYbvKiY|
3. RvKvZ cvcivwRK wgwUq `q| Avi Zv RvbvZ cek I
Rvnvbvg _K wbwZi KviYI eU|
137
RvKvZ Aavq
4. Avjvn ZvAvjv RvKvZK wewa-weavb KiQb Ges Zv Av`vqi

cwZ Drmvn `vb KiQb; KviY GZ iqQ bdmK KvcY I
^v_ _K cweKiY| Bnv abx I Mwiei gvSi kwkvjx GK
muZzeb| Gi viv AvZv cwiQb jvf Ki Ges Ai ckvw
Avm| Avi w`j ck nq I mKj jvf Ki wbivcZv,
fvjevmv I vZZ|
5. RvKvZ Av`vqKvixi bwK evwoq `q Ges m`K wecÀvc` _K ndvRZ Ki, dj `vb Ki, ew Ki, ekx Ki
`q, dwKi-wgmwKbì Afve c~iY Ki, A_bxwZ Aciva
_K iv Ki hgb: Pzwi, jyUcvU I WvKvwZ-Rei`Lj
BZvw`|
RvKvZi cwigvYmg~n:
Avjvn ZvAvjv RvKvZi cwigvY mì DcvRb Ki
wnmve wbaviY KiQb hgb:
1. m`-Z_v RvnwjqvZi hyM gvwUi wbP cyuZ ivLv m`
hv Kvb K QvovB cvIqv hvq ZvZ GK cgvsk=20%|
2. hvZ GK c _K K iqQ hgb: Kvb LiP QvovB RwgZ
cvwb mPi eev| GZ GK cgvski AaK=10%|
3. hvZ `yw`K (exR I mP) _K K iqQ hgb: LiP viv
mP KiZ nq| GZ GK cgvski GKPZy_vsk=5 %|
4. hvZ K AwaK I mviv eQi ai AveZb-weeZb NU| hgb:
gy`v I eemv mvgvMx| GZ GK cgvski GK
Agvsk=2.50%|
RvKvZ Av`vqi dwRjZ:
1. Avjvni evYx:
j i h g f e d c b a{
:
z t s r q p o n m l k
RvKvZ Aavq
138
wbq hviv Cgvb GbQ, mrKvR KiQ, mvjvZ cwZv KiQ

Ges RvKvZ Av`vq KiQ, Zvì Rb cyivi Zvì cvjbKZvi
KvQ iqQ| Zvì Kvb Avkv bq Ges Zviv `y:wLZ ne bv|
[m~iv evKviv: 277]
2. Avjvni evYx:
I
.[ / ]H
hviv ^xq ab-m` eq Ki, iv I w`b Mvcb I cKvk| Zvì

Rb Zvì mIqve iqQ Zvì cvjbKZvi KvQ| Zvì Kvb Akv
bB Ges Zviv wPwZI ne bv| [m~iv evKviv: 274]
RvKvZ diR nIqvi kZmg~n:
1. RvKvZ QvU-eo, bvix-cyil Ges wbeva-cvMj mKji m`
diR, hw` wbgi kZjv cvIqv hvq:
(K)mì gvwjKK gymwjg I ^vaxb nIqv|
(L) m` vqx nIqv|
(M) m` bmve cwigvY nIqv|
(N) mì Dci wnRwi mvji c~Y GK eQi AwZevwnZ nIqv|
2. Kvdii cwZ RvKvZ diR bq, Abyic mKj Gev`ZI Zvi
cwZ diR bv| Ze wKqvgZi w`b Zvi wnmve ne| Avi
`ywbqvZ Zvi Dci AvekKxq Kiv ne bv Ges gymwjg bv
nIqv ch KijI MnY Kiv ne bv|
h mKj m` eQi c~Y nIqv kZ bv:
Kwl m`, gyfve wePiYKvix ci evPv I eemvi gybvdvi
bmve cwigvY nj RvKvZ diR; GZ c~Y GK eQi AwZevwZ
nIqv kZ bq| Avi ab Kg nvK Avi ekx nvK ZvZ
RvKvZ diR; GZ bmve I c~Y GK eQi nIqv kZ bq|
RvKvZ Aavq
139
gyfvK wePiYKvix ci evPv I eemvi gybvdvi g~j hw`

bmve cwigvY nq Zvnj evPv I gybvdvi Dci eQi AwZevwnZ
nIqv kZ bq|
IqvKd&KZ wRwbmi RvKvZ:
RbKjvYi Rb IqvKd hgb:gmwR`, gvìvmv I gymvwdi
Lvbv BZvwì RvKvZ bq| Avi h mg wRwbm PvwiwU-`vZei
Rb cZ Kiv nqQ, mjv IqvKdi gZ ZvZ Kvb RvKvZ
bq| wK wbw` ewì Dci IqvKd nj Zvi RvKvZ w`Z
ne| hgb: mvbì Rb IqvKd|
AbK Kh Ìqv mì RvKvZ ei KiZ ne?
FY hw` mgkvjx ewi wbKU nq Zvnj Zv MnY Kivi ci
MZ mg eQijvi RvKvZ Av`vq KiZ ne| Ze Dg njv
cwZ eQi Av`vq Ki `qv| Avi hw` FY Kvb AfveM ev
UvjevnbvKvixi wbKU nq Ze nMZ nIqvi ci aygv GK
eQii RvKvZ Av`vq KiZ ne|
FYx ewi cwZ RvKvZ wK diR?
meAevq RvKvZ diR hwÌ RvKvZ c`vbKvixi bmveK
Zvi FY Kg Ki `q| wK hw` FY Av`vq Kiv RvKvZ diR
nIqvi AvMB IqvwRe nq, Zvnj c_g FY cwikva Kie
Gici evwK mì RvKvZ wè| Avi G viv Zvi `vwqZ nZ
AenwZ cve|
hme mì RvKvZ ei KiZ ne:
wbw` mì Dci wbw` wRwbmB RvKvZ diR ne|
AZGe, km`vbvi `vbv viv, `y^v-fov I QvMj Zv vivB I gy`v
gy`v vivB G fveB RvKvZ ei KiZ ne| Kvb wekl cqvRb
I DcKvi eZxZ Ab wKQz viv Av`vq Kiv hve bv|
RvKvZ Aavq
140
hme m` RvKvZ ei Kiv IqvwRe bv:

Avq-ivRMvi I eenvwiK wRwbm-ci Dci RvKvZ bB|
hgb: evmvb, cvkvK, evwoi Avmeve-c, RxeR I Mvwo
BZvw`|
% "%
5# "/ N
5 : < = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
a7*5 3 / A G P ) 3 /
?

.."/ 012&. Dh = 6
.% >% 5 T% 6% 7 /
Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ, bex [] ejQb: gymwjg ewi

Mvjvg I Nvovi Kvb RvKvZ bq|1
hLb Kvb gvbyli wbKU bmve cwigvY gy`v Rgv ne Ges Zvi
Dci GK eQi AwZevwnZ ne ZLb Zvi Dci RvKvZ diR
ne| PvB Zv LiPi Rb Rgv Ki _vKzK ev weevn wKsev Nievwo q A_ev FY cwikva ev Abvb h Kvb KvRi Rb
KiK ZvZ RvKvZ diR ne|
Kvb ewi Dci Kviv FY _vKj Zv RvKvZi wbqZ ev`
Ki Ìqv RvqR bB|
RvKvZ Av`vq bv Ki KD gviv Mj Zvi Dim~ixiv Zvi
iLv hvIqv m` _K AwmqZ I fvM-ebi AvM Zv ei
Ki wè|
hw` eQii gvS bmve cwigvY gvj _K Kg hvq ev
cqvRb wew Ki `q (RvKvZ bv `qvi Dk bq) Zvnj
eQi f hve Ges ZLb _K bZzb fve eQi wnmve Kie|
Avi hw` GKB cKvi wRwbm viv cwieZb Ki Ze eQi wVK
_vKe|
hw` Kvb gymwjg ew RvKvZ I FY iL gviv hvq Avi Zvi
DivwaKvi m cwivgvY bv nq Ze H `ywUi AbycvZ nvi
`yRbi gvS fvM Ki wè|
1.eyLvix nvt bs 1463 gymwjg nvt bs 982 k ZviB
RvKvZ Aavq
141
mvbv I icvi RvKvZ
2- mvbv-icvi RvKvZ
mvbv I ici RvKvZi weavb:
mvbv I icvZ RvKvZ diR ne hw` bmve cwigvY I P`
eQii GK eQi AwZevwnZ nq| PvB Dnv gy`v nvK ev wc nvK
wKsev Mnbv nvK A_ev KuvPv nvK|
1. Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
{ z y x wv u ts r I
h g f e d c b a ` _~} |
Hsr q p o n m l k ji
.[-/ ]
Avi hviv ^Y I icv Rgv Ki ivL Ges Zv eq Ki bv Avjvni

c_, Zvì KVvi kvwi mymsev` wbq w`b| m w`b Rvnvbvgi
Avb Zv D Kiv ne Ges Zvi viv Zvì jjvU, cvk I
c`kK ` Kiv ne| (mw`b ejv ne), Gjv hv Zvgiv
wbRì Rb Rgv Ki iLwQj, myZivs GY Av^v` MnY Ki
Rgv Ki ivLvi| [m~iv ZvIev: 34-35]
F B% N
5: u7*5 < = :< = ./ .4"5 %:; aq; 6 O
5# 6Z %o>
3 /
N
U F % N
5 Dh = 6 ?
FZ N
U F % N
5 Dh = 6 ?
p
H N
U
.."/ 012&.
Dh = 6 ?
0H >
2. Avey mvC` Lyìx [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, bex []

ejQb:cuvP AvIqvKi wbP RvKvZ diR nq bv| cuvPwU DUi
Kg RvKvZ diR nq bv| cuvP AvImyKi wbP RvKvZ diR nq
bv|1
RvKvZ Aavq
142
mvbv I icvi RvKvZ
mvbvi bmve:
mvbv wek w`bvi I Gi AwZwi nj kZKiv AvovB fvM
(2.50%) RvKvZ diR ne|
GKwU w`bvi (^Y gy`v) GK wgQKvj| Avi GK wgQKvj eZgvb
hyMi wnmve 4.25 Mvg|
wek w`bvi ne 85 Mvg ^Y, 20 4.25 =85 Mvg ^Y|
icvi bmve:
icv `yB kZ I Gi AwaK msLv wìnvg nj ev IRb cuvP
AvIqvK I Gi ekx nj kZ Kiv AvovB fvM (2.50%) RvKvZ
diR ne|
IRb wnmve `yB kZ wìnvg 595 Mvg nq| eZgvb Bnv mw`
ic wiqvj 56 wiqvj| mw` ic wiqvj eZgvb 7wU bvU
wiqvj| Zvnj Ydj 567=392 GZ ùvovB| Avi Bnv
nQ mw` bvU wiqvji mewbg bmve| Gi `k fvMi
GKPZz_vsk (9.8) wiqvj 2.50% cwigvY nq|
mvbv-icvK wkvqb Kivi wZbwU Aev:
1. hw` wkvqbi Dk eemv nq, Ze ZvZ eemv mvgMxi
wnmve 2.50% RvKvZ diR; KviY Zv GLb eemv mvgMx nq
MQ| myZivs wbR `ki gy`v viv wnmve Ki RvKvZ Av`vq
KiZ ne|
2. hw` wkvqb viv Dk (wMd&U) Zvndv-Dcnvi evbvbv nq|
hgb: nvZi Pzwi I PvgP Ges e`bv BZvw` evmb-cv| Bnv
nvivg; wK bmve cwigvY nj GZ 2.50% RvKvZ diR|
3. Avi hw` wkvqb ea eenvi ev fvov Ìqvi Dk nq
Zvnj hLb bmve cwigvY I eQi AwZg Kie ZLb
2.50% RvKvZ diR|
gy`vmg~ni RvKvZ:
eZgvb hyMi gy`vmg~n hgb: wiqvj, Wjvi, UvKv BZvwì
weavb mvbv-icvi weavbi gZB| wKgvZ Z_v eZgvb g~ji
RvKvZ Aavq
143
mvbv I icvi RvKvZ
wfwZ wbaviY KiZ ne| hLb mvbv ev icvi bmve cwigvY

cuQe ZLb ZvZ RvKvZ diR ne| Avi Zvi cwigvY nQ
2.50% fvM hLb eQi AwZevwnZ ne|
gy`vmg~ni RvKvZ ei Kivi cwZ:
mvbv ev icv Kvb GKwUi bmve viv wbaviY KiZ ne|
hgb: mvbvi mePq Kg bmve nQ 85 Mvg| Avi GK Mvg
mvbvi g~j geZgvb evRvi wnmve 85 wiqvj Zvnj
8585=7225 wiqvj| BnvB njv h Kvb gy`vi mewbg bmve|
GZ 2.50% fvM RvKvZ Av`vq KiZ ne|
gy`vmg~ni RvKvZ ei Kivi cwZ:
gy`vi RvKvZ ei Kivi Rb mg m`K 40viv fvM Kij
`k fvMi GK PZz_vsk ùvove| Avi BnvB mvbv-ivcv I Gi
Kzg hv Avm Zvi RvKvZ| gb Kib GK Rbi wbKU AvQ
wiqvj (80000 40=2000) Bnv nQ Zvi H Avwk nvRvi
wiqvji RvKvZ| Avi Bnv `k fvMi GK PZz_vsk|
eenvii Ajivwì RvKvZi weavb:
AcPq Qvov mvbv-icvi cPwjZ h Kvb Ajvi bvixì Rb
eenvi Kiv ea| Avi cwZ eQi Zvì cwZ Zvi RvKvZ Av`vq
Kiv diR; hw` bmve ch cuQ Ges Zvi Dci c~Y wnRwi GKwU
eQi AwZevwnZ nq| h weavb Rvb bv m hLb _K Rvbe ZLb
_K RvKvZ ei Kiv Zvi cwZ Riix ne| Avi h mKj eQi
AZvekZ: MZ nqMQ mjvi RvKvZ c`vY KiZ ne bv;
KviY kwiqZi weavb Rvbvi ciB Riix nq|
nxiK I gyvi RvKvZ:
nxiK I gyv Ges g~jevb cv_i BZvw` hw` eenvii Rb nq
Ze ZvZ RvKvZ bq| Avi hw` eemvi Rb nq Ze Zvi weq
g~j mvbv ev icvi bmvei mv_ wbaviY Ki hw` bmve cwigvY
nq Ges Zvi Dci eQi AwZg Ki Ze ZvZ `k fvMi GK
PZz_vsk A_vr 2.50% fvM RvKvZ w`Z ne|
RvKvZ Aavq
144
mvbv I icvi RvKvZ
bmve c~Y Kivi Rb mvbvK icvi m wgjvbv hve bv|

Avi eemv mvgMxi weq g~j mvbv-icvi Kvb GwUi m
wgjvbv hve|
145
RvKvZ Aavq
c mì RvKvZ
3- c mì RvKvZ
evwngvZzj Avbqvg njv: DU, Mi, `y^v-fov I QvMj|
c mì RvKvZi weavb:
evwngvZzj Avbqvgi RvKvZi `ywU Aev:
1. DU, Mi, `y^v-fov I QvMji Dci RvKvZ diR ne hLb
Gjv GKwU c~Y eQi ev AwaKvsk mgq ea gif~wg ev Lvjv
gvV wKsev PviYf~wgZ gyfve wePiY Kie| hLb bmve
cuQe Ges GK eQi AwZevwnZ ne ZLb ZvZ RvKvZ diR
ne| PvB Zv `yai Rb nvK ev evPv bqvi Rb nvK A_ev
gvUv-ZvRv Kivi Rb nvK| cwZwU ci h RvwZ iqQ
RvKvZ Zvi RvwZ vivB ei KiZ ne|
RvKvZ bIqvi mgq mevg ev mevwbg cwU bIqv hve bv;
eis gagwU MnY KiZ ne|
2. hLb DU ev Mi wKsev `y^v-fov I QvMj A_ev Ab Kvb ci
I cvLxi Lv` mieivn KiZ nq| hgb: ci Lv` wbRi
evMvb _K ev q Ki wKsev eev Ki | hw` Gjv
eemvi Rb Ki Avi Zvi Dci GK eQi AwZevwnZ nq Ze
weq g~j wbaviY Ki 2.50% fvM RvKvZ ei KiZ ne|
Avi hw` eemvi Rb bv nq; eis `ya ev evPv `qvi Rb nq
Ges Zvi Lvì eev gvwjKK KiZ nq Ze GZ Kvb
RvKvZ bq|
gl (`y^v-fov) I QvMji mevwbg bmve nQ (40)wU|
Mii mevwbg bmve njv (30)wU| Avi DUi mevwbg bmve
njv (5)wU|
1- gl I QvMji RvKvZi bmve

msLv
_K
40
ch
120
RvKvZi cwigvY
1wU gl ev QvMj
146
RvKvZ Aavq
121
201
200
399
c mì RvKvZ
2wU gl ev QvMj
3wU gl ev QvMj
Gici cwZ kZ GKwU Ki| (399) wUZ wZbwU Ges (400)

wUZ PviwU| Avi (499) wUZ PviwU Gic PjZ _vKe|
2-Mii RvKvZi bmve

msLv
RvKvZi cwigvY
_K ch
30
39 Zvex (GK eQii eUv evQyi) A_ev
ZvexAvn (GK eQii ewU evQyi)
40 59
gywmbvn (`yeQii ewU evQyi)
60
69
`ywU Zvex ev `ywU ZvexAvn
70
79
1wU gywmbvn I 1wU Zvex
Gici cwZ (30) wUZ Zvex ev ZvweAvn Ges cwZ (40)
wUZ gywmbvn| Avi cwZ (50)wUZ gywmbvn, (70)wUZ Zvex I
gywmbvn Ges (100) wUZ `ywU Zvex I GKwU gywmbvn| Avi
(120)wUZ PviwU ZvexAvn A_ev wZbwU gywmbvZ G fveB
PjZ _vKe|
msLv
_K ch
5
9
3- DUi RvKvZi bmve

RvKvZ
cwigvY
1wU QvMj
msLv
_K
ch
36
45
10
14
2wU QvMj
46
60
15
19
3wU QvMj
61
75
RvKvZi
cwigvY
webZ jve~b
(`yeQii Dx)
wnvn (wZb
eQii Dx)
wRh&Av (Pvi
eQii Dx)
147
RvKvZ Aavq
20
25
c mì RvKvZ
24
4wU QvMj
76
90
2wU webZ
jve~b
35
webZ gvLvR
(GK eQii
Dx)
91
120
2wU wnvn
hw` (120)-Gi AwaK nq Ze cwZ (40)wUZ GKwU we

jve~b Ges cwZ (50) wUZ GKwU wnvn| Avi (121) wUZ
wZbwU we jve~b Ges (130) wUZ GKwU wnvn I `ywU we
jve~b| Avi (150) wUZ wZbwU wnvn Ges (160)wUZ PviwU
we jve~b I (180)wUZ `ywU wnvn I `ywU we jve~b| Avi
(200) wUZ 5wU we jve~b A_ev 4wU wnvn|
Avi hvi cwZ we jve~b IqvwRe ne wK Zvi wbKU _vKe
bv m we gvLvR ei Kie Ges c~iY Kie| c~iY nQ
(`ywU QvMj ev 20 wìnvg) A_ev GKwU wnv` wè Ges
ekxUv wZc~iY MnY Kie| Avi wZ c~iY ev AwZwi MnY
aygv DUi m wbw`|
c mì hv viv RvKvZ MnY Kiv ne:
1. gl (`y^v-fov) Qq gvmi hb Z_v `y^v viv I GK eQii
QvMj Qvwbqvn viv RvKvZ MnY Kiv ne|
2. ci RvKvZ gv`x viv MnY KiZ ne Ges gv`v viv Mi Qvov
Avi wKQzZ h_ ne bv| Avi DU Beb jve~b A_ev wnv
wKsev RvhvK we gvLvhi j Pje| A_ev hw` bmve
meB gv`v nq ZLb Pje|
RvKvZ diR nIqvi fq wewQb I GKwKiYi weavb:
ci RvKvZ Av`vq bv Kivi Dk wewQbK GKwKiY I
GKwK wewQbKiY Pje bv| AZGe, RvKvZ Av`vqKvix bmve
bv cvIqvi Rb hvi wbKU 40wU QvMj AvQ Zv `ywU vb Kiv
RvqR bq| A_ev GK Rbi 40wU QvMj AvQ wZxq Rbi wbKU
AvQ 40wU I ZZxq Rbi wbKU AvQ 40wU| Gevi mejv
RvKvZ Aavq
148
c mì RvKvZ
GK Kij RvKvZ Avme gv GKwU QvMj| Avi wZbwU vb

Kij Avme wZbwU QvMj| G aibi wnjv-evnbv Kiv kwiqZ
bvRvqR|
RvKvZ Av`vqKvix mevg gvj MnY Kie bv| AZGe, Mvwfb,
luvo, `ya w`Q I fYi Rb gvUvZvRv Kiv nQ Ggb MnY
Kiv hve bv| eis cwZwU cKvi gag aibi c MnY Kie|
RvKvZ Aavq
149
Kwl mì RvKvZ
4- Kwl m` I gvwUi wbPi wRwbmi RvKvZ

Kwl mì cKvi:
Rwgb nZ hv Drcw`Z I cvIqv hvq: km`vbv, djvw`, LwbR
c`v_ I ab BZvw`|
km`vbv I djvwì RvKvZ:
mecKvi km`vbv I h mKj djvw` gvc-IRb I mq hvM
hgb: LRyi I wKkwgk Zvi RvKvZ diR|
km`vbv I djvwì RvKvZ diRi kZmg~n:
RvKvZ diR nIqvi mgq gvwjKvbvfy nZ ne| Abyic
bmve cwigvY nZ ne| bmve nQ 5 IqvmvK GK IqvmvK
mgvb 60 mvAv| Zvnj 560=300 mvAv|
Avi bex []-Gi GK mvAv Pvi gy` (gag aibi nvZi G
jvc GK gy`)| Avi GK mvAv Dg Mgi gvc cvq 2.40
KwR| Znj 3002.40=612 KwR bmve|
GKB cKvii djvw` nj hgb: LRyi GK eQii mg dj
bmve c~iYi Rb GK KiZ ne|
% N
5 : 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
u7*5 < = < = . / . 4"5 :
% ; 6Z %o> ) 3 /
F % N
5 Dh = 6 ?
FZ N
U F % N
5 Dh = 6 ?
p
H N
U F
.."/ 012&.Dh = 6 ?
0H > N
U
Avey mvC` Lyìx [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn []
ejQb: cuvP AvIqvKi Kg RvKvZ bq| cuvPwU DUi Kg
RvKvZ bq| cuvP IqvmvKi Kg RvKvZ diR bB|1
3. km`vbv I djvwì RvKvZ diR:
1. Dki-GK`kgvsk: (10 %) Bnv webv LiP Drcvw`Z nj
hgb: ewi cvwb ev Sbv BZvwì cvwb viv|
RvKvZ Aavq
150
Kwl mì RvKvZ
2. AaK Dki-GKwekgvsk: (5 %) Bnv mP viv Drcvw`Z

nj| hgb- Kzci ev Mwfi bjKzc wKsev cyKzi ev b`xi cvwb
gwkb BZvw` viv mP w`q Drcvw`Z dmj ev dj|

X > % :< = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
a7*5 3 / / 3) .% 4"5 6% 7 / 3 /
.."/ 012&. (
o 5#
t

K
*5) X% > & (
o 5# |G $/
o 5# j *5
Beb Dgvi [] _K ewYZ, wZwb bex [] _K eYbv Kib|
wZwb [] ejQb: hv ew I Sbvi cvwb viv mP nq ev ewi
cvwbZ wm kl Zvi RvKvZ GK`kgvsk| Avi hv mP viv
cvwb Ìqv nq Zvi RvKvZ GKwekgvsk|1
3. wZb`kgvsk:(7.5 %) Bnv mP I ew Dfq cvwb viv nj|
A_vr-GKevi mPi cvwb viv Avi GKevi ew cvwb viv|
RvKvZ diRi mgq:
km`vbv I djvwì `vbv hLb k ne I dj cK hve ZLb
RvKvZ diR ne| dj cvKv A_ hLb jvj ev njy` nq hvq|
myZivs weZv hw` Gi ci wew Ki Zvnj RvKvZ weZvi
Dci Zvi Dci bq|
hw` gvwjKi c _K Kvb Aenjv I msiYi wU QvovB
km I dj b nq hvq, Ze Zvi diR RvKvZ ev` nq hve|
mKj cKvi mewR I h mKj djvw` `vgRvZ Kiv hvq bv
Zvi Dci Kvb RvKvZ bq| wK hw` Dnv eemv mvgMx nq
Ze Zvi wew g~j eQi AwZg I bmve cwigvY nj kZ
Kiv AvovB fvM RvKvZ diR ne|
gayi RvKvZ:
hLb wbRi gvwjKvbvfy ev Abyei MvQcvjv I ceZgvjv nZ
gay msMn Kie ZLb ZvZ GK`kgvsk RvKvZ Av`vq KiZ ne|
Avi gayi bmve nQ (160) BivwK ivZj hv KwRi gvc (62)
1.eyLvix nvt bs 1483 k ZviB gymwjg nvt bs 981
RvKvZ Aavq
151
Kwl mì RvKvZ
KwR| Avi hw` gayi eemv Ki Ze eemv mvgMx wnmve 2.50%

fvM RvKvZ w`Z ne|
fvovi evMvbi RvKvZ:
f~wg ev evMvb fvov wbj Zv _K h mKj km`vbv I djvdj
gvc Ges `vgRvZ hvM Zvi GK`kgvsk ev GKwekgvsk RvKvZ
fvovwUqvi Dci diR| Avi gvwjKi Dci fvovi UvKvq RvKvZ
hw` bmve cwigvY I BRviv Ìqvi ZvwiL nZ GK eQi
AwZevwnZ nq|
mgy` _K hv ei Kiv nq Zvi RvKvZ:
mgy` _K h mKj wRwbm ie Kiv nq| hgb: gvwZ, cevj
I gvQ BZvw`Z RvKvZ bq| wK hw` eemvi Rb nq Ze Zvi
weq g~j eQi AwZg I bmve cwivgvY nj kZ Kiv 2.50%
fvM RvKvZ w`Z ne|
LwbR c`v_i RvKvZ:
Rwgb nZ Dw` Qvov hv wKQz ei nq hgb: LwbR c`v_
BZvw`| Avi hw` Zv mvbv-icvi bmve cwigvY nq, Zvnj Zvi
we g~ji 2.50% fvM RvKvZ w`Z ne| A_ev g~j ei
2.50% fvM RvKvZ w`Z ne hw` g~jevb wRwbm nq hgb:
mvbv-icv|
abi RvKvZ:
RvnwjqvZi Rgvbvi abK wiKvR ejv nq| GZ
RvKvZ IqvwRe njv GKcgvsk| PvB cwigvY Kg nvK ev ekx
nvK| Gi Rb Kvb bmve ev eQi AwZevwnZ nIqv kZ bq hgb
c~e ewYZ nqQ| Avi Gi eqi LvZ ne Kvb hy Qvov j
mì LvZ Ges evwK PvifvM mvbcv ewi Rb|
RvKvZ Aavq
152
eemv mvgMxi RvKvZ
5- eemv mvgMxi RvKvZ

eemv mvgMx: Kbv-ePvi Rb cZKZ mvgMxK
DihywRviv ejv nq| hgb: vei mw, c, Lv`, cvbxq
I gwkbc BZvw`|
eemv mvgMxi RvKvZi weavb:
eemv mvgMx hLb bmve cuQe I Zvi cwZ GK eQi
AwZg ne ZLb Zvi Dci RvKvZ diR ne| eQi cyiv nj
mvbv ev icvi h bmve RvKvZi nK`viì Rb ekx DcKvix
m wnmve mg weq g~j A_ev eemv mvgMx _K 2.50% fvM
RvKvZ wbaviY KiZ ne|
mì Aevmg~n:
1. Ni-evwo, vei mw, Mvwo, gwkbc BZvw` hLb emevm ev
eenvii Rb cZ Kiv ne, eemvi Rb bq ZLb ZvZ Kvb
RvKvZ bq|
2. Avi hw` fvov Ìqvi Rb nq Ze fvov `qvi ZvwiL nZ
wnmve Ki h w`b bmve cuQe Ges LiP Kivi AvMB GK eQi
c~Y ne m w`b fvovi UvKvi Dci RvKvZ diR ne|
3. Avi hw` eemvi Rb cZ Kiv nq Ze Zvi weq g~j
2.50% fvM RvKvZ diR ne hw` bmve cwigvY I eQi
AwZevwnZ nq|
Z, wgj-dix I eemvK` BZvwì gwkbci g~ji
Dci Kvb RvKvZ bq; KviY Gjv eemvi Rb cZ bq
eis eenvii Rb cZKZ|
Kvbxi kqvi (Share )-Gi RvKvZ eiKiY:
1. KwlRvZ Kvwb: hw` wewbqvM km I djvw` Ges Gi gZ
wRwbm nq hv gvc-IRb I `vgRvZhvM Zvnj kZ
gvZveK Kwl mì RvKvZ w`Z ne| Avi hw` c m`
nq Zvnj ci kZ mvc c mì RvKvZ w`Z ne|
RvKvZ Aavq
2.
3.

1.
2.
153
eemv mvgMxi RvKvZ
Avi hw` Zij c`v_ nq Ze ZvZ kZvbyhvqx mvbv-icvi

2.50% fvM RvKvZ w`Z ne|
wk-KviLvbv Kvvwb: hgb Jla Kvvwb, we`yr Kvvwb,
wmgU I jvnv BZvw` Kvvwb| Gjvi aygv gybvdvq
2.50% fvM RvKvZ w`Z ne hw` bmve cuQ I eQi
AwZevwnZ nq| Avi Bnv fvovi Rb cZKZ vei mwi
Dci wKqvm KiB wbaviY Kiv nqQ|
eemvqx Kvvwb: hgb Avg`vwb-ivwb I Kbv-ePv Ges
gy`vivev eemv (jvf-wZi Askx`vwiZwfwK h_ eemv)
I Wvd&U BZvw` viv A_ ciY (Remi
Remi::
Remi::ance
::ance)
ance I Gi h
mKj jb`b kwiqZ mZ| Gjv eemv mvgMx wnmve g~j
m` I gybvdv DfqUvZ 2.50% fvM RvKvZ w`Z ne hw`
bmve wcigvY I eQi AwZevwnZ nq|
kqvii RvKvZi `ywU Aev:
hw` kqvii gvwjKi Dk gvwjKvbv envj ivLv Ges Zvi
evrmwiK gybvdv MnY Kiv nq Ze ZvZ RvKvZ iqQ hgb
c~e ewYZ nqQ|
Avi hw` Dk Kbv-ePv eemv Kiv nq| hgb: GUv q
Ki IUv wew Ki hvi BQv jvf nvwmj Kiv, Zvnj Zvi
gvwjKvbvfy mg kqvii Dci RvKvZ diR| Avi Gi
RvKvZ eemv mvgMxi RvKvZ 2.50% fvM| RvKvZ diR
nIqvi mgq Zvi wew g~j weewPZ ne hgb: e (Bond
Bond)
Bond
1
Z_v FYc|
nvivg mì RvKvZ:

nvivg m` `ycKvi:
1. hw` mì Avmj-g~jB nvivg nq hgb: g` I k~Ki Ges
GigZ wRwbm Zvnj Zvi gvwjK nIqv RvqR bq| Avi Bnv
1.e nQ: miKvi ev Kvb eemv cwZvb KZK c` FY^xKvi c| Bnv wbw` mgq
DxY nj my` ev jvfmn FYKZ UvKv wdwiq Ìqvi cwZkwZc|
RvKvZ Aavq
154
eemv mvgMxi RvKvZ
RvKvZ Av`vq KiZ ne Ggb mÌ bq| IqvwRe njv Zv

b Kiv Ges Zv _K wbRK gy Kiv|
2. Avi hw` m` Avmj nvivg bq eis Zvi YMZ nvivg|
AbvwaKvi Ges Kvb AvK&` eZxZ MnY Kiv hgb: Rei`LjjywZ I Pzwii gvj| A_ev evwZj AvK&` viv KvKZ m`
hgb: my`, Ryqv BZvw`|
G cKvii `yAev:
(K) hw` Gi Avmj gvwjK Rvbv hvq Ze Zvi wbKU dir w`Z
ne| Avi Avmj gvwjK Kv Kivi ci gv GK eQii RvKvZ
Av`vq Kie|
(L) hw` Avmj gvwjK Rvbv bv hvq Zvnj Zvì c _K `vb
Ki wè| hw` ci Rvbv hvq Ges Zviv AbygwZ `q Ze fvj,
bBj Zvì dir w`Z ne| Avi hw` wbRi nvZB iL `q
Ze m cvwc ne Ges ZvK RvKvZI Av`vq KiZ ne|
155
RvKvZ Aavq
RvKvZzj wdZi
6- RvKvZzj wdZi
wdZiv njv: igRvbi ivRvi kl cwZwU gymwjgi cwZ h
RvKvZ diR nq ZvK wdZiv ej|
dZiv wewa-weavb Kivi nKgZ:
Avjvn ZvAvjv RvKvZzj wdZi Z_v wdZiv wewaweavb KiQb
ivRv`viK wbi_K K_v I Akxj AvPiY _K cwe Kivi I
wgmwKbì Lvì Rb| hvZ Ki Zviv Cì w`b wfv Kiv
_K euvPZ cvi Ges abxì m Cì LywkZ Ask MnY KiZ
cvi|
Q# 1% 5# A
4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
%.4"5 <>;
< =
H *7/ 3 ) 3 /
8 A% "*t5 J 7 = P*F 3 & n

% "# 5% CD o
% *5 4"5 3 &% W%*t"%5 AC 8
3) FF) .EU. Y
% =6 *t5
3 &% Dh = 6 ?
8 A% "*t5 6 o ) P*F 3 & Dh 57X# & Ah

..E&
Beb Avevm [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [] RvKvZzj

wdZi Z_v wdZiv diR KiQb ivRv`viK wbi_K K_v I Akxj
AvPiY _K cwe Kivi I wgmwKbì Lvì Rb| h ew
wdZiv Cì mvjvZi c~e Av`vq Kie Zvi wdZiv MnYhvM
RvKvZ ne| Avi h mvjvZi ci Av`vq Kie Zvi wdZiv
mvaviY GKwU `vb wnmve weewPZ ne|1
wdZivi weavb:
wdZiv Av`vq Kiv cwZwU gymwjg bvix-cyil, ^vaxb-civaxb I
QvU-eoi cwZ diR| Cì w`b I ivwi wbRi Ges cwievii
hvì cwZ LiP Kiv IqvwRe Zvì LvivK Qvov GK mvAv
AwZwi Lvì h gvwjK ne Zvi Dci wdZiv Av`vq Kiv diR|
Avi cUi evPvì c _K wdZiv ei Kiv gyvnve|
1.nv`xmwU nvmvb, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 1609 k ZviB, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 1827
RvKvZ Aavq
156
RvKvZzj wdZi
wdZiv diR nIqvi mgq:

igRvbi kl w`bi m~h Wyevi mv_ mv_ cwZwU ewi wbRi
Dci wdZiv diR nq| Avi hw` evev cwievi ev Abvbì
AbygwZ I mwmn Zvì c _K Av`vq Ki `b Ze RvqR
I wZwb mIqve cveb|
wdZiv Av`vqi mgq:
C`yj wdZii Puv` DVv nZ Avi Ki Cì mvjvZ Av`vqi
c~e ch wdZiv Av`vqi mgq| Cì GK `yB w`b AvMI Av`vq
Kiv RvqR AvQ| (eZgvb hyM BnvB Dg) Avi h ew Cì
mvjvZi ci Av`vq Kie, Zvi wdZiv mvaviY `vb cwiYZ ne
Ges m bvnMvi ne| wK hw` Kviv IRi _vK Zvi evcviwU
wfb| Avi hw` Kvb IRi Qvov Cì w`bi ci Av`vq Ki Ze
m cvwc ne wK hw` IRi _vK Ze ci Av`vq Ki wè ZvZ
Kvb cvc ne bv|
RvKvZzj wdZii cwigvY:
cwZwU `ki cavb Lv` viv wdZiv Av`vq KiZ ne|
hgb: Mg, he, LRyi, wKkwgk, cwbi, Pvj I fyUv BZvw`| Gi
ga mevg nQ hv dwKi-wgmwKbì Rb ekx DcKvix| Gi
cwigvY njv cwZwU ewi c _K cvq
(2.40) KwR 1 | h kni ev `k ivRv`vi ivRv iLQ
mLvbKvi dwKi-wgmwKbì w`Z ne| Avi mLvb nZ Ab
Kvb vb wekl Kvb cqvRb Qvov vbvi Kiv Pje bv Ges
Lvì cwieZ g~jI ei Kiv hve bv| Gi nK`vi agv
dwKi-wgmwKbiv Ab KD bq|
A
4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>;
< = 8 / . 4"5 :
% ; / 3 ) 3 /
$\#5
45 a`
5# 6% 7 o 5# "/ k
H o% { 3 &% m/? H 3 &% m/? Q# 1% 5#
1. KD AvovB KwR Avevi KD cb wZb KwR cwigvY ejQb; KviY KvVvi gvcK
IRbi gvc wbaviY KivUv KwVb KvR; wbaviY KiZ Kg ewk nIqvUvB ^vfvweK|
RvKvZ Aavq
157
RvKvZzj wdZi
5+
*5
U J 7 = [*Fr # 8) & n
% "%
5# 3 &% k
7! 5# k
% *t5
.."/ 012&. A% "*t5
Beb Dgvi [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn []

gymjgvbì ^vaxb-civaxb, bvix-cyil I QvU-eo mKji Dci
LRyi nZ GK mvAv A_ev he nZ GK mvAv RvKvZzj wdZi
diR Ki w`qQb| Avi Zv gvbyli Cì mvjvZ Av`vqi c~e
ei Kivi Rb wb`k KiQb|1
RvKvZ Aavq
158
RvKvZ eiKiY
7- RvKvZ eiKiY
RvKvZi mì cKvi:
h mg m` RvKvZ diR mjv `yB cKvi:
c_g cKvi: hv wbR wbR ew nq hgb: mk I djvw` A_ev hv
ewkxj bq hgb: LwbR c`v_| Gjvi bmve cwigvY nvwmj
nIqvi mv_ mv_B RvKvZv ei Kiv diR, eQi AwZevwnZ nIqv
kZ bq|
wZxq cKvi: hv ew I eemvi Rb K Kiv nq hgb: ^Y I
icv, gy`vmg~n, c I eemv mvgMx BZvw`| Gjvi RvKvZ diR
nIqvi Rb bmve cwigvY I P` eQii GK eQi AwZevwnZ
nIqv kZ|
RvKvZ ei Kivi wKQy Avè:
RvKvZ diR nIqvi mgq ^Z:z ~Z I Lywk gb Zv ei Kiv|
mevg I DrK Ges mePq cQ`bxq I nvjvj m` viv `vb
Kiv| `vb MnxZvK mw Kiv Ges wbRi RvKvZ c`vb KivK
QvU gb Kiv hvZ Ki Anvi nZ euvPZ cvi| Avi Mvcb
`vb Kiv hvZ Ki gvbyl `Lvbv _K wbivc` _vK| Avevi
gvS ga G diRwUK cybRxweZ I abxì Drmvn `vbi Rb
cKvk Kiv| Avi Kvb Gnmvb-LvUv I K viv RvKvZK web bv
Kiv|
RvKvZ MnYi mevg nK`vi:
mevg njv RvKvZ`vZv Zvi RvKvZ mePq gyvwK,
wbKUvZxq I mePq ekx AfvexK `vb Kie| RvKvZ Ìqvi
Rb wbRi wbKUvZxq, gyvwK, vb wccvmy Qv, dwKi-wgmwKb,
mshgx (Afvex wK Kviv wbKU cKvk Ki bv) Afvex eo cwievi
BZvw`K Zvjvk Kiv| Avi wbRi wbKU RvKvZ ev mvaviY m`Kvi
BZvw` hv AvQ Zv Kvb cwZeKZv Avmvi c~eB ei Kiv|
Avjvni evYx:
RvKvZ Aavq
159
RvKvZ eiKiY
{
:.4 z
Avwg hv ZvgvìK w`qwQ, Zv _K gZz Avmvi AvMB eq

Ki| Ab_vq m eje: n Avgvi cvjKZv, AvgvK AviI wKQzKvj
AeKvk w`j bv Kb? Zvnj Avwg m`Kv KiZvg Ges mrKgxì
Afy nZvg| [m~iv gybvwdKb: 10]
RvKvZ ei Kivi mgq:
1. RvKvZ diR nIqvi mv_ mv_B ei Kiv diR wK hw` Kvb
mgmv _vK Zvnj ìx Kiv RvqR AvQ|
2. RvKvZ diR nIqvi KviY cvIqvi ci mgqi c~eB ei Kiv
RvqR| c, mvbv-icv I eemv mvgMxi bmve cwigvY
gvwjK nj diR nIqvi AvMB ei Kiv RvqR AvQ|
3. cqvRb RvKvZ diR nIqvi GK ev `yeQi c~eB ei Kiv I
dwKiì gvwmK eZb wnmve LiP Kiv RvqR|
4. wewfb mgqi AwRZ m` hgb: eZb, Ni-evwo, `vKvbcvU, wgivQ (DivaxKvi m~ cv gvj) Gjvi eQi c~Y nj
GK m RvKvZ ei Kie| Avi hw` ^vQ` dwKi I
Abvbì evcviUv AMvwaKvi w`q eQii Kvb GKwU gvmK
wbw` Ki bq hgb: igRvb gvm Zvnj Bnv mIqvei w`K
w`q mevrK|
RvKvZ weZiYi weavb:
GK Rbi mg RvKvZ Kvb GKwf~Z gvbylK Ìqv RvqR
Abyic Gi wecixZI RvqR| Avi mevg njv Mvcb I
cKvk cqvRb wnmve wewfb RbK RvKvZ c`vb Kiv| wK
Kvb cqvRb Qvov Mvcb ÌqvUvB mevg|
ivcwZi wbKU RvKvZ Rgv Kivi weavb:
1. hw` `ki ivcwZ bvqcivqY I AvgvbZ`vix Ges gymjgvbì
KjvYKvgx nb Zvnj Zuvi Rb abxì _K RvKvZ MnY Ki
RvKvZ Aavq
160
RvKvZ eiKiY
kwiqZi LvZmg~n LiP Kiv RvqR| Avi Zuvi cwZ IqvwRe nQ

cKvk mì RvKvZ Kv Kivi Rb Av`vqKvixìK ciY
Kiv| hgb: gyfve wePiYKvix (c~e DjL) cy, Z I
djvw` BZvw`; KviY wKQz abx gvbyl AvQ hviv RvKvZ diRi
weavb Rvb bv| Avevi KD AvQ h AjmZv c`kb Ki ev fyj
hvq|
2. hw` ivcwZ abxì _K RvKvZ Pvb Ze Zuvi wbKU Ìqv
IqvwRe| Gi viv wRv`vix nZ gy nq hve Ges Zvì mIqve
Zviv cve| Avi h cwieZb Kie cvc Zvi cwZ eZve|
RvKvZi RvgvbZi weavb:
RvKvZ diR nIqvi ci Zv RvKvZ`vZvi nvZ AvgbZ îc|
hw` Zvi mxgvjN ev Aenjvi ìb b nq Zvnj m Zvi Rvwgb
ne| Avi hw` Kvb cKvi mxgvjNb ev hZnxb bv Ki Ze Rvwgb
ne bv|
RvKvZ Kv_vq weZiY Kie:
mevg njv mg mì RvKvZ wbRi `k ev kni
weZiY Kiv| Ze cqvRb ev AvZxq wKsev ekx Afvei KviY
Ab kni ev `k vbvi Kiv RvqR AvQ| Avi Dg njv
wbRi nvZ ei Kiv| Ze Zvi c _K ei Kvivi Rb KvDK
DwKj evbvbv RvqR|
FYi RvKvZ eiKiYi cwZ:
1. mgkvjx ewi wbKU FY Ìqv _vKj hLb Kv Kie
ZLb RvKvZ ei Kie| wK Dg njv Kv Kivi c~eB
cwZ eQi Av`vq Kiv| Avi hw` FY Mwie ew A_ev
UvjevnbvKvix eo jvKK `q Zvnj Kv Kivi ci GK
eQii RvKvZ ei Kie|
2. Kvb Mwie ewK FY Ìqvi ci hw` m FY cwikva
KiZ Ag nq, Zvnj m cwigvY A_ wbRi RvKvZ nZ
ev` Ìqv RvqR bB|
RvKvZ Aavq
161
RvKvZ eiKiY
wbRi gZvi evBi Ggb mì RvKvZi weavb:

h mì Dci wbRi kw bB ZvZ Kv bv Kiv ch
Kvb RvKvZ bB| myZivs, hvi gvj AvQ wK Kvb KviY Kv
KiZ cviQ bv hgb: Kvb evwoi Ask ev wgivQ GZ Kv bv
Kiv ch Kvb RvKvZ bB|
mì RvKvZ mì mv_B mK Zv wbR `kB Av`vq
Kie| Avi RvKvZzj wdZi Z_v wdZivi mK kixii m,
ZvB gymwjg hLvb Aevb Kieb mLvbB Av`vq Kieb|
RvKvZ Abv`vqKvixi kvw:
1. weavb Rvbvi ciI diRK A^xKvi Ki hw` KD RvKvZ
Av`vq bv Ki Ze m Kvdi| ejc~eK Zvi _K RvKvZ wbZ
ne| Avi ZIev bv Kij ZvK nZv KiZ ne; KviY m
gyiZv`| Avi hw` KcYZvi Rb eviY Ki Ze Kvdi ne bv|
Ze Zvi _K Rvic~eK MnY KiZ ne Ges Zvi AaK m`
wbq kvw c`vb KiZ ne|
2. h ew bmve cwigvY gvji gvwjK Zvi cwZ Zvi RvKvZ ei
Kiv diR| Avjvn ZvAvjv cZK RvKvZ eviYKvixK KwVb
kvwi fq c`kb KiQb|
1. Avjvni evYx:
{ z y x w v u t s r {
h g f e d c b a ` _ ~ } |
z s r q p o n m l k ji
- :-./
Avi hviv ^Y I icv Rgv Ki ivL Ges Zv eq Ki bv Avjvni

c_, Zvì KVvi AvRvei mymsev` wbq w`b| m w`b
Rvnvbvgi Avb Zv D Kiv ne Ges Zvi viv Zvì jjvU,
cvk I c`kK ` Kiv ne (mw`b ejv ne), Gjv hv
RvKvZ Aavq
162
RvKvZ eiKiY
Zvgiv wbRì Rb Rgv iLwQj, myZivs, GY Av^v` MnY

Ki Rgv Ki ivLvi| [m~iv ZvIev: 34-35]
3 & : 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>; < = :< = . / . 4"5 :
% ; A G P ) 3 /
% 27) . 5
=# m/L{ D% & X% 5# s G . 5& . 5 J $& .
aFr G " C5& . 4"5 T }
*R l d
g
5& <XG *R .% = 6 (
% ) o G .% 2& d 8 "% ) U\# G *R D% & X% #5 s G . =*Q G
.q;O75 .EU
D G#5 "O7 G 3 G%45 *37

`
G 5 "
2. Avey ivBiv [] nZ ewYZ, im~jyjvn [] ejQb:h ewK

Avjvn Zvqvjv gvj-m` `vb Kib wK m Dnvi RvKvZ Av`vq
Ki bv, wKqvgZi w`b Zvi H gvj Kcvj wPZv wewk UvK gv_vi
AwZ welai mc cwiYZ Ki eox evwbq Zvi Mjvq civbv ne|
AZ:ci mvcwU ZvK `skb Ki Pvqvj wbq eje: Avwg Zvgvi
m`, Avwg Zvgvi mwZ ab| Gici wZwb [] ZjvIqvZ
Kijb Avjvni evYx Avjvn ZvìK wbR AbyMn hv `vb
KiQb ZvZ hviv KcYZv Ki---|1
3 &% & : 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>; < = :< = A G P ) 3 /
[!#
W%1?
JoL
*8 E ; % %. " / % S 45+ .
qaFr G 5 dH

S% ?
5# n

U T ; 6X# &%
sH G % T% F% 7/% 3 ) . 4"5 !`G *2S . 7E T 7 E 8)
DZ >
3. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [] ejQb:
RvKvZ Abv`vqKvix cZK m` mvqKvixK wKqvgZi w`b
Rvnvbvgi Avb Mig jvnv viv `vM Ìqv ne| jvnvi vZ
Mig Ki Zv viv Zvi `yB cvk I jjvU ` Kiv ne| Bnv Avjvn
."& .EU.
163
RvKvZ Aavq
RvKvZ eiKiY
Zuvi ev`vì gvS dqmvjv bv Kiv ch PjZ _vKe| Avi m

w`b ne cvk nvRvi eQii mgvb|1
q%45 : 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
a7*5 <= :< = . / . 4"5 :
% ; ; ) 3 /
8) % 45+ 84XS qaFr G 5 ' b ' X ) Jh )+ . 5 ! JH E ; 3 &% & T% 6% ) 1#
Y
E 4"
8X) . `
Q 8 % 1U \) T r Q . > ! & / %D& X% 5# s G
.."/ 012&.
*5
3 ) KX# G *2S P5 .% " / Y

*F; PU
4. Avey hvi [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: bex [] ejQb: huvi
nvZ Avgvi Rxeb Zuvi kc_! h ew DU ev Mi wKsev gl A_ev
QvMji gvwjK nIqvi ci Zvi nK (RvKvZ) Av`vq Kie bv
wKqvgZi w`b ZvK hgb wQj Zvi PqI enr I gvUv Ki Avbv
ne| Avi m ZvK Zvi Lyi viv c``wjZ Kie I wks viv Zv
gvie| hLbB Zvì kliwU AwZg Kie ZLbB c_gwUK
wZxqevi cvVvbv ne| Avi G fve AvRve gvbyli gvS Avjvni
dqmvjv bv nIhv ch PjZB _vKe|2

RvKvZ Aavq
164
RvKvZi LvZmg~n
8- RvKvZi LvZmg~n
RvKvZi nK`vi:
RvKvZi nK`vi ZvivB hvì Rb RvKvZ _K LiP Kiv
hve| Avi Zviv njv Avjvni KziAvb ewYZ AvU kYxi gvbyl|
Avjvni evYx:
yxwvutsrq {
~ } | { z
:-./ z
RvKvZ njv Kej dwKi, wgmwKb, RvKvZ Av`vqi KgPvix I

hvì wPvKlY cqvRb Zvì nK| Avi `vm gywi Rb,
FYMì Rb, Avjvni c_ wRnv`Kvixì Rb Ges
gymvwdiì Rb| GB njv Avjvni wbavwiZ weavb| Avjvn
mevbx, cvgq| [m~iv ZvIev: 60]
RvKvZi nK`viì msLv:
Avjvn ZvAvjv Zuvi wnKgvZ viv nK`vi I Zvi nKi
cwigvYK wbw` Kib| hgb: DivwaKvi I Zvi nK`viK
wbaviY KiQb| Avevi KLbv nK`viK wbaviY bv Ki wK nK
iqQ Zv wbaviY KiQb| hgb: wRnvi Kivi, kc_ f BZvwì
Kvddviv| Avi KLbv nKii cwigvY wbaviY bv Ki nK`viì
wbw` KiQb| hgb: RvKvZi AvU kYxi nK`vi:
1. dwKi:
dwKi nQ hvì wbKU wKQzB bB A_ev cqvRb wgUvbvi
gZ wKQz AvQ|
2. wgmwKb:
wgmwKb nQ hvì wbKU cqvRbi ekxi fvM ev AaK
iqQ|
RvKvZ Aavq
165
RvKvZi LvZmg~n
3. RvKvZ Av`vqKvix:
hvìK miKvii c _K RvKvZ DVvbv, msiY I
nK`viì gvS ebi `vwqZ Acb Kiv nqQ|
4. hvì wPvKlY cqvRb:
PvB gymjgvb nvK ev Kvdi nvK| h Kvdii Bmjvg
MnYi Avkv Kiv hvq A_ev gymjgvbìK Zvi Awb _K
euvPvbvi Avkv Kiv nq| A_ev RvKvZi viv hvi Cgvb wKsev
Bmjvg ev Zvi Abyic ewi Bmjvg gReyZ nIqvi Avkv Kiv
hvq| Dk evevqbi Rb hZUzKz cqvRb ZZUzKz RvKvZ nZ
ZvìK c`vb KiZ ne|
5. `vm gywi Rb:
Giv nQ civaxb `vm-`vmx I gvwjKi m wewbgqi gvag
AvRv` nIqvi Rb PzwAve Mvjvg| GìK Zvì gvwjK
_K RvKvZi A_ viv q Ki AvRv` I mvnvh Kiv| Avi
Kvb gymwjg hye`xK gy KivI G LvZi Afy|
6. FYMeweM:
Giv `ycKvi:
(K) hviv gvbyli gvS mgSZv I gxgvsmv Kivi Rb FYM
nqQ| GìK FY cwigvY RvKvZ _K w`Z ne|
(L) hviv wbRì ewMZ cqvRb FYM Ges cwikva
KivigZ mvg_ bq|
7. Avjvni ivvq:
Giv njv Avjvni ivvq wRnv`Kvix gyRvwn`MY| hviv Avjvni
Kvwjgv Z_v ZvInx`K Dwb Kivi Rb dx-mvexwjjvn wRnv`
Kib| Avi hviv Zvì gZ ZviI Gi Afy hgb: Avjvni
w`K `vIqvZKvixMY|
8. gymvwdi:
Giv nQ H gymvwdi hvi mdii cv_q kl nqMQ Ges
evwo ch cuQvi mvg_ nvwiq djQ| ZvK Zvi cqvRb
RvKvZ Aavq
166
RvKvZi LvZmg~n
wgUvbv I evwo ch cuQvi Rb RvKvZ _K w`Z ne hwÌ m

abx nvK bv Kb|
Dci 8 kYxi DjwLZ ew Qvov Avi Ab KvDK RvKvZ
Ìqv RvqR bq| Avi hvi cqvRb mePq ekx ZvK w`q
Avi KiZ ne|
RvKvZi nK`viì Kvb GK kYxK RvKvZ `qv RvqR|
Avi RvKvZi nK`vii Kvb GK ewK Zvi cqvRb gvwdK
mg RvKvZ Ìqv RvqR| wK hw` RvKvZi cwigvY AwaK
nq Ze Dg njv mKj kYxi gvS weZiY Kiv|
hvi gvwmK eZb (2000.00) wiqvj wK Zvi cwievii
gvwmK cqvRb (3000.00) wiqvji| GgZvevq ZvK Zvi
cqvRb gvwdK RvKvZ _K w`Z ne|
hw` hvPvB-evQvB Ki RvKvZi nK`vi gb Ki KvDK
RvKvZ Ìqv nq Avi cgvwYZ nq h, m RvKvZi nK`vi bq
Zvnj Zvi RvKvZ Av`vq nq hve|
RvKvZi mì ewKiYi weavb:
hv RvKvZ diR ne Zv ZvovZvwo Zvi nK`viì gvS weZiY
KiZ ne| Avi Zv Kvb ew ev msMVb BZvwì DcKviv_ ew
I eemv Kiv RvqR bq| hw` m` RvKvZ bv nq Ze Zv
eemvq LvwUq ewKiY I Rb KjvY g~jK KvR LiP Kiv
RvqR|
hvìK RvKvZi gvj Ìqv RvqR:
1. Amvg_evb ew nR KiZ PvBj ZvK RvKvZ _K Ìqv
RvqR| Avi Kvb gymwjg hye`xK gywi Rb RvKvZ _K
eq KivI RvqR| Abyic Kvb dwKi ew wbRK cwe
ivLvi Rb weevn KiZ PvBj ZvK RvKvZ _K mvnvh Kiv
RvqR| Gfve RvKvZ viv Kvb gZ ewi FY cwikva Kiv
RvqR|
RvKvZ Aavq
167
RvKvZi LvZmg~n
2. Kvb dwKi ewi Dci Kviv FY _vKj ZvK Zvi RvKvZ

_K Ìqv RvqR| Ze `yRbi gvS Ggb kZ hb bv nq
h, RvKvZ MnY Ki Zvi FY cwikva Kie| Avi Kvb
ewi Dci wbRi FY gvd Ki Zv RvKvZ gb Kiv RvqR
bq|
Kvb wgmwKbK `vb-LqivZ Kij ay `vbi bwK ne| Avi
Kvb AvZxqK `vb-LqivZ Kij `vb I AvZxqZv eb AUzU
ivLvi Dfq bwK wgje|
3. hw` DcvRb gZvevb ew vbvRb wbqvwRZ nq Ze
ZvK RvKvZ _K w`Z ne; KviY vbvRb GK cKvi wRnv`
dx mvexwjjvn Ges Zvi DcKvi wRnvì DcKiY|
4. hvì Dci LiP Kiv Riix Ggb Mwie AvZxq-^RbK RvKvZ
`qv mybZ| hgb: fvB-evb, PvPv-dzdy, gvgv-Lvjv BZvw`|
evev-gv, mvb-mwZ I ^vgxK RvKvZ Ìqvi weavb:
1. Mwie wcZv-gvZv Zviv hZB Dcii nvK I Mwie mvb-mwZ
hZB wbPi nvK bv Kb| hw` Zviv LiPvw` enb AcviM nq
Zvnj ZvìK Zvi Dci IqvwRe fiY-cvlYi AwZwi
RvKvZ _K Ìqv RvqR| Abyic hw` Zviv FYM ev w`qZ
w`Z nq Ze Zv RvKvZ viv Zvì c _K Av`vq Kiv
RvqR| Avi ZvivB mePq ekx nK`vi|
2. ^vgxi Rb FYM xK ev Zvi Kvddviv Av`vqi Rb RvKvZ
_K Ìqv RvqR AvQ| Avi xi Rb RvKvZi nK`vi
Ggb ^vgxK RvKvZ Ìqv RvqR|
hvìK RvKvZ Ìqv RvqR bq:
1. ewb nvkg (im~jyjvn -Gi cwievi) I Zuvì AvRv`KZ `vm`vmxì mvbv_ ZvìK RvKvZ Ìqv RvqR bv; KviY
RvKvZ gvbyli gqjv îc|
2. Kvb KvdiK RvKvZ _K c`vb Kiv hve bv| wK hw` wP
AvKlYi Rb nq Ze RvqR| Abyic fve wbRi `vm-
RvKvZ Aavq
168
RvKvZi LvZmg~n
`vmxK RvKvZ _K Ìqv RvqR bq| wK hw` AvRv`

nIqvi Rb Pzw Ki _vK Ze RvqR|
3. RvKvZ Av`vqKvix Av_ev wP AvKlY wKsev Avjvni ivni
gyRvwn` ev cv_q wb:kl gymvwdi eZxZ Kvb abxjvKK
RvKvZ nZ c`vb Kiv RvqR bq|
abx: hvi wbKU wbRi I hvì fiY-cvlY IqvwRe Zvì
mevi mg eQii h_ RxweKv AvQ wZwb abxjvK| Avi
RxweKvi gvj PvB gRy` _vK ev eemv-evwYR nvK wKsev wkKviLvbv BZvw` nvK|
RvKvZ MnxZv wK eje:
mybZ njv RvKvZ MnxZv RvKvZ c`vbKvixi Rb wbgi
`vqvwU ejv:
.."/ 012&.
8 " / J?
*8 4"5
Avjvv mwj AvjvBwng [ n Avjvn! Zzwg Zvì cwZ `qv elY
Kib|] 1
A_ev eje:
.."/ 012&.
Z " < } "/ J?
*8 4"5
Avjvv mwj Avjv Avvwj dzjvvb [ n Avjvn! AgyK cwievii
cwZ ingZ elY Kib ]2
A_ev eje:
; ) *8 4"5
.W5 .EU. .% "% )+ % .% % l
Avjvv evvwiK dxwn Iqv dx Bewjn&| [ n Avjvn! Zvi I Zvi
DU eiKZ `vb Kib ] 3
1.eyLvix nvt bs 4166 gymwjg nvt bs 1078

2. eyLvix nvt bs 1497 gymwjg nvt bs 1078
3. nv`xmwU mnxn, bvmvC nvt bs 2458
RvKvZ Aavq
169
RvKvZi LvZmg~n
RvKvZMnxZvK RvKvZi Lei Ìqvi weavb:

Kvb ew RvKvZi nK`vi I m RvKvZ MnY Ki G K_v
RvKvZ`vZv Rvbj ZvK AewnZ QvovB RvKvZ wè| Avi hw`
Zvi mK bv Rvb A_ev m RvKvZ MnY Ki bv Ggb nq Ze
ZvK Bnv RvKvZi m` Rvwbq c`vb KiZ ne|
RvKvZ Aavq
170
bdj `vb-LqivZ
9- bdj `vbLqivZ
`vb-LqivZ wewa-weavb Kivi nKgZ:
Bmjvg LiP I eq Kivi cwZ Avnvb RvwbqQ Ges `yejì
Dci `qv I Mwieì m mge`bv cKvki Rb Drmvn c`vb
KiQ| Gi cvkvcvwk iqQ mIqve ARb I Zvi AvwaKZv| Avi
Gi viv bex-imyjMYi PvwiwK Y Yvw^Z nIqv I iqQ `vb
I AbyMn|
`vb-LqivZi weavb:
cwZwU mgq `vb-LqivZ Kiv gyvnve| Avi wekl mgq I
Aevq mybZ gyqvv`v|
1. mgq hgb: igRvb I whjnR gvmi c_g `k w`b|
2. Aevmg~n: cqvRb I vqx mgmvi mgq mevg hgb:
kxZKvj A_ev Riix wfwZ hgb: `ywf wKsev Abvew
BZvwì mgq| Avi me DrK `vb nQ Mvcb kZv
cvlYKvix AvZxqK|
`vb-LqivZi dwRjZ:
1. Avjvni evYx:
{
: z
hviv ^xq ab-m` eq Ki, iv I w`b Mvcb I cKvk|

Zvì Rb mIqve iqQ Zvì cvjbKZvi KvQ| Zvì Kvb
Avkv bq Ges Zviv wPwZI ne bv| [m~iv evKviv: 274]
3 & 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>; < = < = . / . 4"5 :
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8"*7X 2G . 4"5 4+
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6S a) G
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RvKvZ Aavq
171
bdj `vb-LqivZ
2. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn []

ejQb:h ew cwe-nvjvj DcvRbi GKwU LRyi cwigvY
`vb Kie| Avi Avjvn ZvAvjv cwe Qvov Keyj Kib bv|
wbq Avjvn m `vbK Zuvi Wvb nvZ viv Keyj Kib Ges
Zvi gvwjKi Rb cwZcvjb Kib| hgb: Zvgvì KD Zvi
DUi evPv cwZcvjb Ki| kl ch Bnv ceZ eivei nq
hve|1
`vb-LqivZi mePq ewk nK`vi:
bdj `vbi mePq ekx nK`vi `vbKvixi mvb-mwZiv,
Zvi cwievi, AvZxq-^Rb I cwZekxiv| mevg m`Kv nQ
wbRi I cwievi Dci LiP| hw` `vb-LqivZi nK`vi bv Ggb
gvbyli nvZ `vb co ZeyI `vbKvix mIqve cveb|
Afvegy Aevi `vb mevg `vb| Avi wbRi I cwievii
cqvRb AwZwi hv wKQz AvQ meB `vb Kiv me DrK `vb|
^vgxi m` _K `vb-LqivZ Kivi weavb:
^vgxi mw AvQ Rvbj xi Rb ^vgxi m` _K `vbLqivZ Kiv RvqR| Avi GZ xi Rb iqQ AaK mIqve|
wK hw` GZ ^vgx m bv Ggb nq Ze webv AbygwZZ `vbLqivZ Kiv xi Rb nvivg| Ze ci AbygwZ w`q w`j x
^vgxi cwigvY mIqve cve|
`vbi mePq Dg mgq:
ivM Aevi Pq my Aevq `vb-LqivZ Kiv Dg| Abyic
KwVb Aevi `vb mynvji `vbi Pq Dg, hw` G viv Avjvni
mw ARb Kiv Dk nq|
Avjvni evYx:
_ ^ ] \ [ Z Y X W V U T S R Q{
- :5' z c b a `
RvKvZ Aavq
172
bdj `vb-LqivZ
Zviv Avjvni gneZ AfveM, GwZg I e`xK Avnvh `vb

Ki| Zviv ej: Kej Avjvni mwi Rb Avgiv ZvgvìK
Avnvh `vb Kwi Ges Zvgvì KvQ Kvb cwZ`vb I KZZv
Kvgbv Kwi bv| [m~iv `vnvi: 8-9]
bex []-Gi Rb RvKvZ I `vb-LqivZ wKQzB MnY Kiv nvjvj
bq| Abyic ewb nvkg I Zvì AvRv`KZ `vm-`vmxi Rb
RvKvZ nvjvj bq| wK bdj `vb-LqivZ Zvì Rb nvjvj|
KvdiìK `vb Kivi weavb:
Kvdii wP AvKlY I cqvRb c~iYi Rb ZvK `vbLqivZ Kiv RvqR| Gi dj `vbKvix mIqv cve| Avi cwZwU
Rxei Rb LiP iqQ cwZ`vb|
mIqvjKvixK Ìqvi weavb:
mIqvjKvixK Ìqv mybZ hwÌ `vb QvU nvK bv Kb|
"/ s X5 n
!%
% 5# 4+ .% 4"5 < >; G :
5= 8* 8/ 9 :; 6Z L
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% G
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D eyRvB` (iv:) ejb: n Avjvni im~j [] wgmwKb Avgvi

`yqvi Gm ùvwoq _vK Avi Avwg ZvK Ìqvi gZ wKQzB cvB
bv| im~jyjvn [] ZvK ejjb:hw` ZvK QvMji cyovbv Lyi
Qvov Ìqvi gZ Avi wKQzB bv cvI Znj ZvK ZvB `vI|1
1. nvw`mwU mnxn Ave~ `vD` nvt bs 1667 k ZviB, wZiwghx nvt bs 665
173
RvKvZ Aavq
bdj `vb-LqivZ
cqvRb Qvov mIqvj Kivi fqvbK kvw:

& : 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
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.H `
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5 D% & X% 5# s G %\# G *2S
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1. Beb Dgvi [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn []

ejQb: h ew (cqvRb Qvov) mevevq gvbyli KvQ
mIqvj KiZ _vK, m wKqvgZi w`b Ggb Aevq nvwRi
ne h, Zvi Pnvivq Kvb MvkZ _vKe bv|1
< \> 3 & : 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>; < = :< = A G P ) 3 /
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2. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn []

ejQb: h ew wbRi m` evovbvi Rb gvbyli wbKU
mIqvj Ki m hb Avbi Avsiv mIqvj Kij| ZvB m Zvi
m` Kgvj ev evovj ZvZ Kvb hvq-Avm bv|2
hvi Rb mIqvj Kiv nvjvj:
ev`kvni wbKU ev AvekKxq wRwbm Qvov mIqvj Kiv nvivg|
hgb: Kvb evSv DVvbvi Rb mvnvh PvIqv ev asmvZK
wec`M nj wKsev Afve-AbUb hv c~iYi gZ Zvi wbKU h_
wKQz bq| G Qvov meB nvivg|
4+ : 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>; < = :< = w
H 6 E 3 ) A > 3 /
l ji { 3 & . 8 E c
6
ji { 3 .8 E JE*5 8) c
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RvKvZ Aavq
174
bdj `vb-LqivZ
mvgyiv Beb Ryè [] _K ewYZ, wZwb bex [] nZ eYbv Kib
h, wZwb [] ejQb: mIqvj Kiv gvb Pnvivq AvuPo Ìqv|
wKqvgZi w`b gvbyl Gi Rb Zvi Pnvivq AvuPo wè| AZGe,
h PvBe Zvi Pnvivq AvuPove Avi h PvBe AvuPove bv| wK
hw` ev`kvni wbKU ev Ggb wRwbm hv Qvov Kvb Dcq bvB Zvnj
mIqvj Kiv nvjvj|1
RbKjvY g~jK KvR ewk ewk LiP Kiv mybZ| Avi Bnv
m` ndvRZ I ewi KviY; Kbbv nvw`m GmQ:
sH G 3 &% & :< = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
*7*5 4 . / . 4"5 :
% ; A G P ) 3 /
<XG C1" U CX1% & _
% / *8 4"5 P 6S <X % 5d G % !" & 45+ .% % F7o% 5#
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Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ, bex [] ejQb: cwZwU ev`vi

cfvZKvj `yRb dikZv AeZiY Kib| GKRb ejb: n
Avjvn! LiPKvixK Dg cwZ`vb `vI| Avi wZxqRb ejb: n
Avjvn! AvUKKvixK wejyw `vb Kib|2
gykiK ewi Bmjvgc~e `vbi cwZ`vb:
hLb Kvb gykiK Bmjvg MnY Ki ZLb Zvi Bmjvgc~e
`vb-LqivZi mIqve cve|

ji {
G; !.% 4"5 < >; G
"# = :< = . / . 4"5 :
% ; sH dS% 3 ) %!S 3 /
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H U 3 &%
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" > : 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
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nvKxg Beb nRvg [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: Avwg ejjvg, n
Avjvni im~j [] ! AvQv Avwg h mKj Gev`Z RvnwjqvZi hyM
KiZvg| hgb: `vb-LqivZ ev Mvjvg AvRv` wKsev AvZxqZv
.."/ 012&.
1. nvw`mwU mnxn, Avngv` nvt bs 20529 Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 1639 k ZviB
RvKvZ Aavq
175
bdj `vb-LqivZ
mK GjvZ wK Kvb mIqve AvQ? bex [] ejjb: c~ei

mKj KjvYi DciB Bmjvg MnY KiQ|1
`vb-LqivZi Avè:
`vb-LqivZ GKwU Gev`Z| Gi wKQz iZcY~ Avè I kZ
iqQ hgb:
1. `vb-LqivZ hb GKgv Avjvni mw ARbi Rb nq| ZvZ
Kvb cKvi gvbyl `Lvbv ev bvbv Dk bv nq|
.% " / . 4"5 4"?
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o % > :< = . / . 4"5 :
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4QO
5# 3 ) / 3 /
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% *a5) </ \5# *+ :<XG 4">
Dgvi dviK Beb Lvve [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: Avwg

im~jyjvn []K ejZ bwQ: wbq cwZwU Avgj wbqZi Dci
wbfikxj| Avi gvbyl hv wbqZ Kie ZvB m cve|2
2. `vb-LqivZ nvjvj-cwe DcvRb _K nIqv; KviY Avjvn
cwe, wZwb cwe Qvov Keyj Kib bv|
Avjvni evYx:
n m l k j i h g f e d c{
|{zyxwvutsrq po
: z ~ }
n Cgvb`viMY! Zvgiv ^xq DcvRb _K Ges hv Avwg Zvgvì

Rb f~wg _K Drcb KiwQ, Zv _K DrK e eq Ki Ges Zv
_K wbK wRwbm eq KiZ gb Kiv bv| Kbbv, Zv Zvgviv
KLbI MnY Kie bv; Ze hw` Zvgiv PvL e Ki wbq bvI|
Rb iLv Avjvn Afvegy, ckswmZ| [m~iv evKviv: 267]
3. `vb-LqivZ mevg I mePq wcq m` viv Kiv|
RvKvZ Aavq
176
bdj `vb-LqivZ
Avjvni evYx:
Q P O N M L K J I HGF E D C B A{
: z
KwbKvjI KjvY jvf KiZ cvie bv, hw` Zvgvì wcq e

_K Zvgiv eq bv Ki| Avi Zvgiv hv wKQz eq Kie Avjvn Zv
Rvbb| [m~iv Avj-Bgivb: 92]
4. AwaK cwZ`vbi Avkvq `vb bv Kiv Ges AvZZzw I eovB Kiv
_K euP _vKv|
Avjvni evYx:
:67 z {
AwaK cwZ`vbi Avkvq AbK wKQz wèb bv|

[m~iv gyvmwmi: 6]
5. hvi viv `vb-LqivZ evwZj nq hvq Zv _K fq Kiv hgb:
LuvUv I K Ìqv|
Avjvni evYx:
{
: z
n Cgvb`vbMY! Zvgiv AbyMni K_v cKvk Ki Ges K w`q

wbRì `vb-LqivZ eiev` Kiv bv, m ewi gZ h wbRi abm` jvK `Lvbvi Dk eq Ki--| [m~iv evKviv: 264]
6. Kvb cqvRb Qvov `vb-LqivZK cKvk bv Ki Mvcb ivLv|
Avjvni evYx:
] \ [ Z Y X WVU T S R{
zihgfe dcba` _^
:
177
RvKvZ Aavq
bdj `vb-LqivZ
hw` Zvgviv cKvk `vb-LqivZ Ki, Ze Zv KZB bv Dg|

Avi hw` LqivZ Mvcb Ki Ges AfveMì w`q `vI, Ze Zv
Zvgvì Rb AviI Dg| Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvgvì wKQz Mvbvn
`~i Ki wèb| Avjvn Zvgvì KvR-Kgi Lye Lei ivLb|
[m~iv evKviv: 271]
7. gyPwK nvwm, Dj gyL I myì gb Ges KZe cvjb KiZ:
`vb Kiv|

B + : 9
<B>; < B= :< = . / 9
%:; 9%67 / 3 ) GE 3 /
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.
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Rvixi Beb Avyjvn [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn []

ejQb:hLb Zvgvì wbKU RvKvZ Av`vqKvix Avme m hb
Zvgvì wbKU nZ mwP wdi Avm|1
8. wbRi Rxekvq Rjw` `vb-LqivZ Kiv| mePq AfveMK
`vb Kiv| Avi wbKUvZxq Abi Pq ekx nK`vi| Gi viv
`vb I AvZxqZv eb iv Kiv ne|
1. Avjvni evYx:
{
:.4 z
Avwg ZvgvìK hv w`qwQ, Zv _K gZz Avmvi AvMB eq

Ki| Ab_vq m eje: n Avgvi cwZcvjK, AvgvK AviI
wKQzKvj AeKvk w`j bv Kb? Zvnj Avwg m`Kv KiZvg Ges
mrKgxì Afy nZvg| [m~iv gybvwdKb: 10]
z {
:85
1
. gymwjg nv: bs 989
RvKvZ Aavq
178
bdj `vb-LqivZ
eZ: hviv AvZxq, Avjvni weavb gZ Zviv cii ekx

nK`vi| wbqB Avjvn hveZxq welq mg I AeMZ|
[m~iv Avbdvj:75]
179
Gev`Z
5-wmqvg Aavq
GZ iqQ:
1. wmqvgi A_, weavb I dwRjZ|

2. wmqvgi AvnKvg|
3. wmqvgi mybZmg~n|
4. mvqg Z_v ivRv`vii Rb hv gKin, IqvwRe I
RvqR|
5. bdj wmqvg|
6. GZKvd|
180
:

\[ZYXWVUTSI
gfed cb a`_^]
s r q p o n m l k j i h
a ` _ ~ } | { z y x w v u t
[-:]Hgfedc b
Avjvni evYx:
n Cgvb`viMY, Zvgvì Dci ivRv diR Kiv nqQ, hic

diR Kiv nqwQj Zvgvì c~eeZx jvKì Dci, hb
Zvgiv ZvKIqv ARb KiZ cvi-MYbvi KqKwU w`bi Rb|
AZ:ci Zvgvì ga h Amy _vKe A_ev mdi _vKe,
Zvi c Ab mgq m ivRv c~iY Ki wbZ ne| Avi GwU
hvì Rb AZ K`vqK nq, Zviv Gi cwieZ GKRb
wgmwKbK Lv``vb Kie| h ew Lykxi mv_ mrKg Ki, Zv
Zvi Rb KjvYKi nq| Avi hw` ivRv ivL, Ze Zv Zvgvì
Rb wekl KjvYKi, hw` Zvgiv Zv eySZ cvi|
[m~iv evKviv:183-184]
wmqvg Aavq
181
wmqvgi A_, weavb I dwRjZ
5- wmqvg Aavq
1. wmqvgi A_, weavb I dwRjZ
wewfb cKvi Gev`Z wewa-weavb Kivi nKgZ:
Avjvn ZvAvjv Zuvi ev`vK cixv Kivi Rb wewfb cKvi
Gev`Z wewaweavb KiQb| ev`v wK cewi e`wM Ki bv Zvi
cwZcvjKi wb`k cvjb Ki| ZvB Avjvn xbi gvS Ggb wKQz
wcq wRwbm wbaviY KiQb hv _K weiZ _vKv Riix| hgb:
wmqvg (ivRv); KviY Gi viv cvbvnvii gZ wcq wRwbm _K
weiZ _vKv nq| Avi xbi gvS wKQz AvQ hv wcq wRwbm eq
Kiv| hgb: RvKvZ I `vb-LqivZ| Gi viv wcq m`K
Avjvni mw ARbi Rb LiP Kiv nq|
`Lv hvq GK Rb gvbyli Rb GK nvRvi UvKv LiP Kiv
mnR evcvi wK gv GKwU w`b wmqvg (ivRv) cvjb Kiv eo
KwVb| Avevi Gi wecixZI nq _vK| ZvB Avjvn ZvAvjv Zuvi
ev`vK cixv Kivi Rb wewfb cKvi Gev`Z wewa-weavb
KiQb|
Aii weZv:
Aii mwVKZv I mZZv Ges `pZv Zvi cvjbKZvi cwZ
m~Yfve gbvhvM I AvZwbqvM Ges NwbZv viv nq _vK|
Avi hLb AwZwi cvbvnvi, K_v-evZv, Nyg, gvbyli m
AcqvRbxq gjvgkv ev`vK Zvi ie _K wewQb Ki `q,
wekNjv evwoq `q I wewfb DcZKvq wew fve wePiY
KivB| ZvB Avjvn Zuvi `qvq ev`vi Rb wewa-weavb Kijb
wmqvg, hvi gvag `~i ne AwZwi cvbvnvi| Avi Ai _K ei
nq hve cewi c~Rv hv ZvK Zvi iei c_ PjZ evav mw
Ki|
Avi ev`vi Rb wewa-weavb Kijb GZKvd, hvi Dk
nQ AiK Avjvni cwZ wbew`Z Kiv Ges Zvi DciB Rg
wmqvg Aavq
182
emv| Avjvni mv_ GKvMMZv I Abvbì _K wewQb nZ

cvi| Avjvn ZvAvjv DZi Rb AvLivZ AbycKvix mg
wRwbm _K RevbK wbqY Kiv weavb Ki w`qQb| Avi Zvì
Rb Avjvn ivwi wKqvgK wewa KiQb hv Ai I kixii
DcKvix|
wmqvg A_: wmqvgi AvwfavwbK A_ njv: weiZ _vKv| Avi
kwqZi cwifvlvq A_ njv: Avjvni mwi Dk wmqvgi
wbqZ mye&n mvw`K _K m~hv ch mecKvi cvbvnvi, x
mnevm I mKj cKvi wmqvg fi wRwbm _K weiZ _vKv|
wmqvg wewa-weavb Kivi nKgZ:
1. wmqvg `q ZvKIqvi exR ecb Ges nvivg _K AcZK ivi DcKiY|
2. wmqvg gvbylK Zvi bdmi wbqY I AevaZvK jvMvg
civbvi Afvm Mo Zzj| Avi cwkY `q `vwqZfvi enY I
KwVb gyn~Z ah-mn I mwnzZvi|
3. wmqvg GKRb gymwjg ewK Zvi fvBì e_v Abyfe Kiv
myhvM Ki `q| ZvB wmqvg ZvK dwKi-wgmwKbì cwZ
Gnmvb I Zvì Rb eq KiZ Dy Ki| Avi Gi viv mw
nq gneZ I vZZ|
4. wmqvgi viv gvbyl wbR cewK Avq ivLZ cvi| Abvb
mgq mvaviYZ bd&m ev cew cfve wevi Ges nvivg KvRi
w`K wbZ mg nq _vK| wK wmqvg Kzcewi jvMvg ai
_vK Ges ZvK fvj KvRi w`K cwiPvjbv Ki _vK|
5. wmqvg ivRv`vii Rb Avjvni AvbyMZ mnR Ki `q| GUv
eveI cwijwZ nq; Kbbv Avgiv ivRv`viìK igRvb
gvm wewfb bK KvR cwZhvwMZv KiZ `L _vwK, hv KiZ
Ab mgq AjmZv Ki _vK Ges Zvì Rb Zv KivUv RwUj
evcvi nq _vK|
wmqvg Aavq
183
6. wmqvg ivRv`vii gbK big Ki, Avjvni wRwKii Rb

ZvK cZ Ki Ges Abvb KvRi eZv `~i Ki|
7. wmqvg ev`vi `q AvbyMZi gneZ Ges cvci NYv mw
Ki| hvi KviY gvbyl mwVK eyS cvq Ges Rxeb Pjvi c_
LuyR cvq|
8. wmqvg gvbylK `ywbqv I `ywbqvi Kvgbv-evmbv _K wegyL Ki
AvLivZi AwfgyLx evbvq|
9. wmqvg gvbylK fvjg` evQvB Ki PjZ wkLvq hv mKj
Jlai g~j|
10. wmqvg AweevwnZ ewi Pz mseiY Ges jvvb msiYi
AbZg DcKiY|
wmqvgi ghv`v:
igRvbi ivRv Bmjvgi ivKbmg~ni GKwU AbZg ivKb|
Avjvn ZvAvjv wnRwi wZxq mvj Bnv diR KiQb|
mevg mgq:
gvmmg~ni ga mevg gvm igRvb| igRvbi kl `k ivw
whjnR gvmi c_g `k ivZ nZ Dg| Avi whjnR gvmi c_g
`k w`b igRvbi kl `k w`b nZ Dg| Rygvi w`b mvni
Abvb w`b nZ Dg| Avi Kzievwbi w`b eQii mev w`b Ges
jvBjvZzj Kìi ivw eQii mevg ivw|
igRvb gvmi wmqvgi Kzg:
igRvbi ivRv bvix-cyil cZK gymwjg, evjM, weeKevb,
wmqvg cvjb KiZ mg, evwoZ AevbKvix, wbwlZv _K gy
(hgb: gvwmK FZz ev cm~wZi i hv gwnjvì Rb wbw`) ewi
Dci diR|
Avjvn ZvAvjv wmqvg cvjb G DZi Dci diR Ki w`qQb
hgbwU diR KiwQjb AvMi DZi Dci|
Avjvni evYx:
wmqvg Aavq
184
^ ] \ [ Z Y X W V U T S{

: z a ` _
n Cgvb`viMY! Zvgvì Dci wmqvg diR Kiv nqQ hfve

Zvgvì c~eeZx jvKì Dci diR Kiv nqwQj, hb Zvgiv
ZvKIqv ARb KiZ cvi| [m~iv evKviv: 183]
igRvb gvmi dwRjZ:
hLb igRvb gvm i nq ZLb Avmgvbi ìRvmg~n Lvj
Ìqv nq Ges cwZ iv Rvnvbvgi Avb _K Avjvn gyw `vb
Kib| Avi G gvm iqQ Ggb GKwU ivw hv GK nvRvi gvmi
PvBZI Dg|
+ :< = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
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Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [] ejQb:

hLb igRvb gvm Avm ZLb RvbvZi ìRvmg~n Lvj Ìqv nq
Ges Rvnvbvgi ìRvmg~n e Ki Ìqv nq| Avi kqZvbìK
kLj civbv nq|1
wmqvgi dwRjZ:
J^
: 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>; < = :< = . / . 4"5 :
% ; A G P ) 3 /
*d/ . 4"5 < =
Z o :
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/ D
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5#
/ KG s F } 3 ) J /
W%*t"%5 %"E 3 &% . & o . 8 {
6G .% ) qdE %5 . * s *t5 45+ 4JE
3 &% .% 4"5 6 /%
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"O5 .% a); j X5% 6 /% Dh S T% Q# % 6 /% Dh S % 2S
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185
wmqvg Aavq

ejQb: ewb Av`gi cZKwU Avgj ew Kiv nq| Avi
cwZwU bwK `k _K mvZ kZY ch evovbv ne| Avjvn
ZvAvjv ejb: wmqvg eZxZ; Kbbv wmqvg GKgv Avgvi
RbB Ges AvwgB Zvi cwZ`vb wè| ev`v Avgvi RbB Zvi
Kvgbv-evmbv I cvbvnvi ZvM Ki| ivRv`vii `ywU Avb`|
GKwU BdZvwii mgq Avi AciwU wKqvgZ Avjvni mv_
mvvZi mgq| huvi nvZ gynvv` []-Gi Rxeb Zuvi Kmg!
ivRv`vii gyLi M wKqvgZi w`b Avjvni wbKU gi
PqI ekx Lvkey`vi|1
s ? 3 & : 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>; < = :< = A G P ) 3 /
.."/ 012&. .% 7
3 &% s *6X & . 5 1% b m)2%S m+ K& ;

ejQb:h ew Cgvbi mv_ Ges mIqvei wbqZ igRvb
gvmi ivRv ivLe Zvi c~ei bvnmg~n gv Ki `qv
ne|2
% :< = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
a7*5 3 / . / . 4"5 :
% ; 6Z o > 3 ) J 8 > 3 /
012&. W%*t5 45+ . "U6 G 5 *G*5 *
G w
' ) 8% w
H ) DR D% *L
5#
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3. mvnj Beb mv` [] _K ewYZ, wZwb bex [] nZ eYbv
Kib h, wZwb [] ejQb: RvbvZ ivBqvb bvgi GKwU
ìRv AvQ, hv w`q wKqvgZi w`b aygv ivRv`viMYB
cek Kie| Ab Avi KD cek Kie bv|3
wmqvg Aavq
186
wmqvgi AvnKvg
2-wmqvgi AvnKvg
`yfve igRvbi wmqvg ivLv diR:
1. GKRb bvqcivqY, gymwjg, `wkw gReyZ Ggb bvix ev cyil
igRvbi Puv` `Lj| Avi hviv G Lei be ZvivI Gi
Afy ne|
2. Puv` `Lv bv Mj kvevb gvmK 30w`b c~Y Ki ci igRvbi
ivRv ivLv|
igRvbi Puv` `Lvi wKQz AvnKvg:
hw` kvevb gvmi 30ZvwiLi iv AvKvk cwivi _vKvi
ciI Puv` `Lv bv hvq Ze ivRv bv iLB cfvZ Kie|
Abyic hw` AvKvk gNjv _vK ev a~jvq AvQb _vK|
hw` ivRv 28wU nq Ges kvIqvji Puv` `Lv hvq Ze ivRv
f w`q C` Kie Ges ci GKwU ivRv KvRv Kiv IqvwRe
ne|
hw` GK Rbi mvx viv ivRv ivLv i Ki Avi 30wU ivRv
ivLvi ciI Puv` `Lv bv hvq, Ze Puv` bv `Lv ch ivRv
ivLe|
&?: 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
u7*5 < = :< = . / . 4"5 :
% ; A G P ) 3/
.."/ 012&. n
R%"R
7o { A *6/% "%

# \ !" / a7b # .% 2%Gf 5% Q% # .% 2%Gf %5
Zvgiv (igRvbi) Puv` `L ivRv ivL Ges (kvIqvji) Puv`
`LB ivRv Qvo| Avi hw` Zvgvì Dci Puvì evcviUv ARvbv
nq co Ze kvevb gvm 30w`b c~Y Ki|1
wmqvg Aavq
187
wmqvgi AvnKvg
Puv` `Lv Mj Kvi cwZ wmqvg Riwi:

Kvb `k Puv` `Lv Mj m `ki mKj gvbyli Rb ivRv
ivLv Riix| cwZwU `k Zvì Puv` `Lv Abyhvqx wmqvg cvjb Kiv
RvqR| wK hw` Kvb GK `ki Puv` `Lvi Lei mg cw_ex
GKB m wmqvg cvjb Ki Ze mevg; KviY Bnv HK, vZZ
I GKwf~Z nIqvi wb`kb| mg DZ HKgZ cuQvi AvM
ch cZK gymwjg Zvi `ki m ivRv ivLe| GKB `k
wbRiv GKvwaK `j wef ne bv; KviY Gi dj wKQz jvK wbR
`ki m Avi wKQz gvbyl Ab `ki m ivRv ivLj `jv`wj
mw ne hv kwiqZ wbwl|
hw` Kvb ew igRvb ev kvIqvji Puv` `L Avi Zvi `Lv
MnY Kiv bv nq, Ze Zvi Rb Riix njv gvbyli mv_B
ivRv ivLv A_ev bv ivLv| hw` w`bi ejv Puv` `Lv hvq Ze
Zv cii ivwi Puv` aiv ne| wK hw` Puv` m~hvi c~eB Wye
hvq Ze cii ivwi Puv` wnmve Kiv ne|
igRvb ev Ab Kvb gvmi Puv` `L wbgi `vqvwU cov mybZ|
6B .BEU.
. 4"5 g
u); a); s "> 5# D% & "*5 % 5# 3 & i ) " / . 4"P% *8 4"5
.q&25
Avjvv Avwnjv AvjvBbvv wejAvgwb IqvjCgvb,

Iqvm&mvjvvgvwZ IqvjBmjvvg, iex Iqv ieyKvjvn|1
gymjgvbì ivcwZi Dci IqvwRe njv: kwiqZ gvwdK Puv`
`Lv mymve nj igRvb Avi I kl nIqvi Lei ea cPvi
gvag viv cPvi Kiv|
mgq mK A ewi ivRi weavb:
h ew ivRvi mgq mK A hgb A ev Kq`x Zvi
wZb Aev:
1. nvw`mwU mnxn, Avngv` nvt bs 1397 wmjwmjv mnxnv nvt bs 1816 wZiwghx nvt bs
3451
wmqvg Aavq
188
wmqvgi AvnKvg
hw` Zvi ivRv gvmi ga nq ev Zvi ci Zvnj Zvi ivRv mwVK

ne| wK h mg w`b ivRv ivLv wbla Zvnj ne bv| Avi
hw` gvmi c~e ivL Zvnj mwVK ne bv; KviY m mgqi c~e
Gev`Z KiQ| Avi hw` Zvi ivRv w`b bv nq ivwZ nq _vK
Zvnj mwVK ne bv; KviY ivZ ivRvi Rb mgq bq|
wbRi `k ivRv ivLvi ci mdi Kij Zvi weavb:
hw` Kvb gymwjg GK `k ivRv ivLvi ci Ab Kvb `k
mdi Ki Ze Zvi ivRv ivLv I Qvovi weavb m h `k mdi
KiQ m `k gvZveK ne| m `ki jvK hLb ivRv kl
Kie ZLb mI Zvì m kl Kie| wK hw` ivRv 29 w`bi
Kg nq Ze ci GKwU Cì ci KvRv Ki wbe| Avi hw` Zvi
ivRv 30wUi ekx nq ZeyI Zvì mB ivRv fvse|
wmqvgi wbqZi weavb:
1. gymwjgi cwZ IqvwRe njv mIqve nvwmji Rb Cgvb I
mIqvei Dk ivRv ivLv| KvDK bvbv ev `Lvbv wKsev
Kviv A AbyKiY A_ev Zvi `ki gvbyli AbymiYi Rb
ivRv cvjb Ki bv| eis ivRv ivL Avjvni wb`k cvjb I
mIqvei Dk| Avi Bnv cwZwU Gev`Zi evcvi
chvR|
2. igRvbi diR wmqvgi Rb dRii c~eB ivB wbqZ wbw`
Kiv IqvwRe| Avi bdj ivRvi Rb dRii ci nZ ivRv
fi Kvb KviY bv Ki _vKj w`bi h Kvb mgq wbqZ
Kij Pje|
3. hw` iv bv Rvbvi KviY w`bi ejv diR ivRvi wbqZ Ki
Ze wmqvg mnxn nq hve| hgb: hw` w`bi ejv Puv` `Lv
cgvY nq hvq Ze evwK w`b ivRv _vKe Ges wKQz Lq
_vKjI KvRv Kiv Riix ne bv|
4. hvi cwZ w`bi ejv ivRv diR nq hgb: cvMj hw` weeK
wdi cvq Ges QvU evPv mvevjK nq I Kvdi gymwjg nq,
wmqvg Aavq
189
wmqvgi AvnKvg
Ze Zvì wbqZ w`bi IqvwRe nIqvi mgq KijB Pje,

hwÌ Zviv cvbvnvi Ki| Avi Zvì KvRv Kiv jvMe bv|
5. h ew ivRvi wbqZ mnwi Lq Nywgq coj Avi m~h Wyevi
ci RvMj Zvi ivRv mwVK ne ZvK KvRv KiZ ne bv|
6. h ivRv f Ìqvi wbqZ Kie Zvi ivRv f hve;
KviY ivRv `ywU ivKb mZ Gev`Z: GKwU: wbqZ Avi
AciwU: mg ivRvfi wRwbm _K weiZ _vKv| myZivs
hLb ivRv fvvi wbqZ KiQ ZLb m c_g ivKbwU wejy
Ki w`qQ hv Avgji wfw I Gev`Zi mePq eo
kweaK|
7. h ew kvevb gvmi 30 ZvwiL: hw` AvMvwgKvj igRvb nq
Zv nj Avwg ivRv ivLe ej Nywgq hvq Avi cgvwYZ nq h
igRvb , Zvnj Zvi ivRv mwVK ne|
eq jvK I ivMxi wmqvg:
1. h ew evaK KviY ev Ggb ivMi Rb hv fvj nIqv Avkv
bq ivRv f Ki| PvB m evwoZ nvK ev mdi nvK, cwZ
w`bi Rb GKRb Ki wgmwKbK Lvbv LvIqvj Zvi ivRvi c
_K h_ ne| hZ w`b ivRv ivLwb ZZw`bi Lv` cvK Ki
wgmwKbìK LvIqve| PvBj cwZ w`b GKRb Ki wgmwKbK
Lvbv LvIqve A_ev mekl w`b ch ìx Ki GK m
LvIqve| Avi PvBj cwZ w`bi Rb Aa mvAv (cvq 1.20 Mvg)
Lv` ei Ki wgmwKbK wè|
2. evaKRwbZ gwZg I wbeva nq coj Ggb ewi Dci
ivRv ev Kvb Kvddviv bq; KviY Zvi Kjg DwVq bIqv
nqQ|
FZzeZx I cm~wZ bvixi ivRvi weavb:
FZzeZx I cm~wZ bvixi cwZ ivRv ivLv nvivg| Zviv ivRv
fvse Ges ci KvRv Ki wbe| Avi hw` FZzeZx I cm~wZ w`bi
gvS cwe nq hvq A_ev gymvwdi w`bi ejv evwoZ cuQ Ze
190
wmqvg Aavq
wmqvgi AvnKvg
evwK w`b bv Lq _vKv Riix bv| wK ci KvRv Kiv AekB

Riix|
MfeZx I b`vbKvwiYx bvix hw` wbRi ev evPvi Dci fq
Ki Zvnj igRvbi ivRv Qo wè I ci KvRv Ki
wbe|
mdi Aevq wmqvgi weavb:
1. cwZwU gymwjgi Rb m hLvb _vKe mLvbB Zvi mvjvZ I
ivRvi Kzg eZve| ZvB ivRv`vi hLvb _vKe m vbB
ivRv ivLe ev Qvoe| PvB m Rwgbi Dci _vK ev wegvb
_vK wKsev Rjc_ bhvb BZvw`Z _vK|
2. mvaviY fve gymvwdii Rb mdi Aevq ivRv bv ivLvq
Dg| Avi igRvbi gymvwdii ivRv ivLv I bv ivLv hw`
eivei nq Ze ivLvB Dg| Avi hw` ivRv ivLv KKi nq
Ze bv ivLvB Dg| wK hw` KwVb K nq Ze ivRv bv
ivLvB IqvwRe Ges ci KvRv Ki wbe|
" 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
a7*5 I & % *
:< = g
Z 5%& 3 ) N
3 /
.."/ 012&.
W%*t5 "/ Q% 1# 5# 5 Q% 1# 5# "/ W%*t5

o% G
Avbvm Beb gvjK [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: Avgiv im~jyjvn

[]-Gi m mdi wQjvg| ivRv`vi eivRvìK Ges
eivRvì ivRv`viK Kvb cKvi `vlvivc Kib bvB|1
ek ewi ivRvi weavb:
1. Kvb ew ivRvi wbqZ Kivi ci hw` mg w`b ev wKQz Ask
euk nq _vK Zvnj Zvi ivRv mnxn ne|
2. h igRvb ev Ab Kvb mgq w`bi ejv euk nq ev ivMi
KviY wKsev cvMj nq Abyf~wZ nvwiq dj| AZ:ci msv wdi
cj Zvi cwZ ivRv I bvgvR KvRv Kiv Riix bv; KviY Zvi
wmqvg Aavq
191
wmqvgi AvnKvg
Dci _K kwiqZi wewa-wbla DV wMqwQj| Avi hvi Abyf~wZ

wbRi Kgi dj ev ^Qvq nq ZvK msv wdivi ci KvRv Kiv
Riix ne|
hw` Kvb gymwjg ew fyj Ki igRvb gvmi w`b cvbvnvi
Ki dj ev x mnevm Ki em Zvnj Zvi ivRv mnxn
ne|
Kviv ivRv Aevq ^c`vl nj Zvi ivRv b ne bv| Ze
Mvmj KiZ ne Ges Zvi Kvb bvn ne bv|
h ivMxi ivRv ivLj K nq I wZi Avkv _vK Zvi cwZ
ivRv ivLv nvivg Ges BdZvwi Kiv IqvwRe| Ze ci KvRv
Ki wbe|
GKRb gymwjgi mevevq cwe _vKv Dg| RvbveZ (exh
jb RwbZ Awe Aev), gvwmK FZz I cm~wZi ci dRi
ch Mvmj bv Ki mnwi Lq ivRv ivLj Amyweav bq|
Ze Mvmj Ki dRii mvjvZ mgqgZ Av`vq KiZ ne|
mybZ njv h igRvb gvm w`bi ejv mdi KiZ Pvq m
evnb Avivnbi c~e BdZvwi Ki be| Avi h Abi
DcKvii Rb BdZvwi Ki hgb : Kvb Wye gvbylK DVvbv
A_ev Avb wbfvbv BZvwì Rb ZvK aygv KvRv Kiv
jvMe|
h me `k m~hv nq bv mLvb ivRv ivLvi cwZ:
h ew Ggb `k emevm Ki hLvb MxKvjxb m~hv I
kxZKvjxb m~h Dw`Z nq bv| A_ev Ggb `k hLvb 6 gvm w`b I
6 gvm ivZ wKsev Gi Pq Kg ekx| GgZvevq Zvì mvjvZ I
ivRvi mgq cvkeZx `k hLvb ivZ-w`bi cv_K Kiv hvq Zvi
mgq AbymiY Kie| hvi mg mgq ne 24 NUv| ivRvi gvmi
c_g I kl Ges mnwii kl I BdZvwii i H cvki `ki
mgq Abyhvqx wbaviY Kie|
wmqvg Aavq
192
wmqvgi AvnKvg
hw` m~hvi c~e wegvb Do Ges Ea AvKvk DV hvq Ze

m~h Wyevi AvM BdZvwi Kiv ea bv|
igRvbi ivRv ZvMKvixi weavb:
h ew igRvbi ivRvK A^xKvi Ki ZvM Kie m
Kvdi| Avi h AjmZv I Aenjv Ki ZvM Ki ZvK Kvdi
dZvqv Ìqv hve bv Ges Zvi mvjvZ mnxn ne| wK m eo
bvnMvi ne|
h mg wRwbm ivRvK web Ki `q Zv wbgic:
1. igRvb gvmi w`bi ejv ^Qvq cbvnvi Kiv|
2. igRvbi w`b x mnevm Kiv|
3. RvMZ Aevq xi kixii mv_ NlY Ki ev Pzgv wKsev
ng_yb BZvw` viv exhcvZ nj|
4. igRvbi w`bi ejv wfUvwgb hy BKkb wbj|
Gjv ZLb ivRv fKvix ej weewPZ ne hLb ^Qvq, Rvbv
I ivRvi K_v iY _vKv Aevq ne|
5. ^Qvq ewg Kij| Ze hw` AwbQvq ewg nq hvq Zvnj
ivRvi Kvb wZ ne bv|
6. bvixì nvqq (gvwmK FZz) I wbdvm (cm~wZi) i ei nj|
7. Bmjvg ag ZvM Kij|
ivRv fKvix wRwbmjv cKvi:
ivRv fKvix wRwbmjv `yB cKvi
1. kixii DcKvi, Lv` I kw mvi Ki Ggb| hgb:
Lvbvwcbv I Gi A_ hv Avm| A_ev kixii wZ mvab Ki
hgb: i I gv`K BZvw` wRwbm cvb Kiv|
2. h mKj wRwbm kixiK `yej Ki `q hgb-exhcvZ Ges
bvixì gvwmK FZz I cm~wZ Aevi i ie nIqv|
wmqvg Aavq
193
wmqvgi AvnKvg
dRii AvRvbi mgq nvZ cv ZvKj wK Kie:

I % > + : 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 <>; < = :< = A G P ) 3 /
. &% . 2E S K
% X# G *2S . o K
G " T% 6% G "/ j 5# ji 6a5
6S
hLb Zvgvì Kviv nvZ Lvbvi cv _vKv Aevq dRii
AvRvb be ZLb m hb Zv bv iL cqvRb c~iY Ki bq|1
hw` Kvb ew ivZ gb Ki w`b cvbvnvi Kivi ci RvbZ
cvi h GLb w`b A_ev m~hv nqQ gb Ki BdZvwi Kivi
ci eySZ cvi h m~h Wyewb Zvnj Zvi ivRv mnxn ne Ges
ZvK KvRv KiZ ne bv|
h mKj wRwbm ivRv f Ki bv Zv AbK Zba:
myigv eenvi, mvaviY BKkb, g~bvjxZ Wd eenvi,
Zvbi wPwKrmv Kiv, Lvkey I Zj eenvi Ges AvMi evwZP`b KvV Rvwjq auvqv MnY, gnw` jvMvbv, PvL I Kvb Wd
eenvi, AwbQvKZ ewg nIqv, wksMv jvMvbv, wkiv ev kixii
_K i ei Kiv, bvK _K i ei nIqv, i k~bZvi dj
`yej nIqv, Zvb nZ i ei nIqv, ùvZ DVvj, ghx
(Kvgim-hv Zxe DRbvi mgq exhcvZi c~e cyilv eq
cevwnZ nq) I Iqv`x (cmve Kivi ci wbMZ cvZjv mv`v mv`v
Zij c`v_) ei nIqv, kvmKi Rb cqvi (GUvgvBRvi)
eenvi, fyj Ki cvbvnvi Kiv, ^c`vl nIqv, Kzwj Kiv I bvK
cvwb Ìqv, cvwb viv Vvv MnY ev Mvmj Kiv I gmIqvK Kiv|
Gjv NUj ev nj wKsev Kij ivRv b ne bv|
i cixv Kiv I wPwKrmvi Rb wfUvwgb BKkb bIqvZ
ivRv web ne bv| wK me nj ivZ ch ìx KivB
Dg|
.FF) .EU.
1. nvw`mwU mnxn, Ave~ `vD` nvt bs 2350 mnxn mybvb Ave~ `vD` nvt bs 2060
wmqvg Aavq
194
wmqvgi AvnKvg
ivRv ivLv ev nR Av`vq Kivi Rb wcj Lq gvwmK FZz e

Kiv RvqR| Ze kZ njv Awe Wvvi gnv`q hw` wmv
`b h, wcj eenvi Zvi Kvb wZ bq Ges ZvK eenvii
AbygwZ `b|
wKWbx (Kidney) aZKiY: kixi _K i ei Ki cwivi
Ki Zvi mv_ wKQz c`v_ wgwkq Avevi kixi wdwiq Ìqv|
G aZ KiY ivRv b nq hve|
ivRv`vii Rb hv gKin I IqvwRe Ges RvqR
1. ivRv`vii Rb kfvK Kzwj I bvKi ga cvwb cek Kiv
gKin| Abyic fve gKin nQ AcqvRb Lvì ^v` PvKv
I wkv BZvw` jvMvbv hv kixiK `yej Ki `q|
2. gyqvRwRbi AvRvb bv gv ivRv`vii Dci IqvwRe njv
BdZvwi Kiv| Avi wZxq dRi Z_v myen mvw`K my nq
Mj mKj cKvi ivRv fi wRwbm hgb: Lvbvwcbv BZvw`
nZ weiZ _vKvI IqvwRe|
3. cwZwU gyn~Z wg_v, wMeZ I Mvwj-MvjvR _K weiZ _vKv
IqvwRe| Avi Gme igRvb gvm kfve wbwl|
< =
6 G 5 3 & :< = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
a7*5 3 / A G P ) 3 /
.EU.
. ){ . & o

6 G # Dh E S .% 4"5% N
" J 8 L
5# .% ) J o 5# ; ud5
.q;O75
Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ, wZwb bex [] _K eYbv Kib|

wZwb [] ejQb:h ew ivRv Aevq wg_v K_v I KvR Ges
AZv cwiZvM Kie bv, Zvi Lvbvwcbv ZvM Ki Dcevm _vKv
Avjvni KvbB cqvRb bq|1
ivRv`vii Rb xK Pzgv Ìqv I kixii mv_ NlY Kivi
weavb:
wmqvg Aavq
195
wmqvgi AvnKvg
ivRv Aevq xK Pzgv Ìqv, k Kiv Ges Kvcoi Dci

w`q kixii mv_ kixi wgjvbv meB RvqR| GZ Kvb Amyweav
bq hwÌ Kvg-evmbv RvMZ nq bv Kb? wK kZ njv wbRK x
wgjb Ki exhcvZ Kiv nZ wbivc` ivLvi gZv _vKv|
{% 7G Ja7X G 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"? u7*5
:
5= 8 / . 4"5 :
% ; D (
W%/ 3 /
.."/ 012&.
.% ); 5% !!" &

' W%? P
Avqkv (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: bex [] ivRv Aevq Pzgv I
kixii m kixi wgjvbv KiZb| Avi wZwb wQjb wbRi Pvwn`v
AvqZ ivLvi evcvi me PvBZ ekx gZvevb|1
ivRv`vii Rb c eenvi Kiv RvqR, Ze wfZi hb bv
hvq m evcvi mZK _vKZ ne| Abyic Mig I wccvmv
BZvw` _K euvPvi Rb Vvv cvwb viv Mvmj BZvw` Kiv
RvqR|
BdZvi eZxZ avivevwnK ivRv ivLvi evcvi hv nvjvj Avi hv
nvivg:
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bv| Avi bvixi cwZ `yB AevZ cyili gZB weavb|
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cwZ RbK Avav mvAv (cvq 1.20) Mvg Ki Lv` LvIqvbv| hw`
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wbKU emwQjvg, GgZvevq GK ew Gm ejj: n Avjvni
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Zvgvi KvQ AvRv` Kivi gZ Kvb `vm-`vmx AvQ ? m ejj:
bv| wZwb ejjb: Zvnj wK Zzwg GKvavi jvMvZvi `ygvm ivRv
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Avmv nj bex [] ejjb: ckKvix Kv_vq? m ejj: GBZv
Avwg| wZwb ejjb: Gjv wbq wMq `vb Ki `vI| m ejj:
n Avjvni im~j! Avgvi PqI KD Mwie AvQ hvK `vb Kie?
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ekx Mwie Kvb cwievi bq| AZ:ci im~jyjvn ^k nvmjb hvi
dj Zuvi KZb` cKvk cj| Gici wZwb [] ejjb:GUv
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hw` igRvbi w`bi ejv `yB ev Zvi AwaK w`b x mnevm
Ki Zvnj hZ w`b mnevm KiQ ZZw`bi Kvddviv I KvRv
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hw` mdi _K w`bi ejv ivRv bv Kiv Aevq evwoZ cuQ
xK gvwmK FZz ev cm~wZ _K dRii ci cwe nqQ
Ggb cvq Zvnj Zvi m wgjb Kiv RvqR|
mybZ njv igRvbi ivRv Rjw` Ki I GKvavi KvRv Kiv|
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mgqgZ Av`vq Kiv diR KiQb| Avi hvì Avqx IRi
AvQ hgb: mdi I gvwmK FZz Zvì cwZ KvRv diR
KiQb| Avi hvì vqx IRi hvi dj ivRv ivLZ cvi bv
Zvì cwZ Av`vq I KvRv KvbUvB bv hgb: eq BZvw`
eis wgmwKbK Lvbv LvIqvZ ne|
igRvbi ivRv KvRv bv Ki KD gviv Mj hw` ivM BZvw`
IRi _vK Ze Zvi c _K bv KvRv KiZ ne Avi bv
wgmwKbK Lvbv LvIqvZ ne| Avi hw` KvRv Kivi myhvM
cvIqvi ciI KvRv bv Ki gviv hvq, Ze Zvi c _K Zvi
AwffveK KvRv Ki wè|
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cwZ ivRv iL gviv hvq Zvi c _K Zvi AwffveK KvRv Ki
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mnxn ne bv| Avi m gnvcvwc Zvi Dci ZIev Kiv I gv
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h ew bRii ivRv ev bRii nR wKsev bRii GZKvd
BZvw` iL gviv hvq, Zvi c _K Zvi AwffveKi Zv
KvRv Ki Ìqv gyvnve| wK hw` AwffveK Qvov Ab KD
KvRv Ki ZeyI mnxn I h_ ne| Avi AwffveK nQ h
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h ew ivRv fvvi wbqZ Ki m hb BdZvwi Ki bq;
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cKvi wmqvg webKvix wRwbm _K weiZ _vKv| AZGe, ivRv
fvvi wbqZ KivZ c_g ivKb b nqMQ, hv mg Avgji
g~j wfw I Gev`Zi meenr kw ewKvix|
h ew 30k kvevbi ivZ G wbqZ Ki q coj h, hw`
AvMvwg Kvj igRvb nq Ze Avwg ivRv`vi| Avi cgvwYZ
njv h mwZB igRvb Zvnj Zvi ivRv mnxn ne|
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mvaviY nq hv GevZ` I Abvbi m m Zvnj Bnv
Gev`ZK evwZj Kie bv| hgb: ivRv`vi hw` wMevZ Ki
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200
wmqvgi AvnKvg
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Gev`Zi evcvi chvR|
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wmqvgi mybZmg~n
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1. ivRv`vii Rb mybZ njv: mnwi LvIqv; KviY mnwiZ AvQ
eiKZ| Avi mevg mnwi nQ LRyi| mnwi ìx Ki
LvIqv Dg| mnwii eiKZi ga AvQ Avjvni AvbyMZ I
Gev`Z ZvKIqv ARb| mnwii mgq Nyg _K RvMv hv gv
I `vqvi Rb GKwU Dchy mgq| G Qvov dRii RvgvZ
kwiK nIqv I Avnj wKZvei wecixZ mnwi LvIqvi gvag
me|
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ZvovZvwo BdZvwi Kiv| hw` LRyi bv _vK Ze cvwb viv|
Avi cvwbI bv _vKj nvjvj mnR-mva h Kvb Lv`-cvbxq
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ivRv`vii kixii msiwZ myMvi _K GKUv Ask q nq|
Avi gvbyli ^vfvweK myMvii PvBZ hLb NvUwZ nq, ZLb
ivRv`vi `yejZv, AjmZv, PvL mwilvi dyj `Lv Abyfe
Ki| ZvB hLb LRyi LvB, ZLb Avjvni BQvq Zvi NvUwZ
myMvi I nvwiq hvIqv cdyjvZv wdi Avm|
ivRv`viK BdZvwi Kivbv mybZ| h ivRv`viK BdZvwi
Kive m Zvi Abyic mIqve cve Ges GZ Ki ivRv`vii
Kvb bwK Kgvbv ne bv|
3. ivRv`vii Rb mybZ njv ekx ekx wRwKi I `vqv Kiv|
BdZvwi LvIqvi iZ wemwgjvn Avi kl nj Avj-nvg`y
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mybZ| PvB Zv w`bi c_g nvK ev kl nvK |
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Avwg ivRv`vi, Avwg ivRv`vi| Avi hw` ùvwoq _vK Ze
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wRwKi, KziAvb ZjvIqvZ, `vb-LqivZ, dwKi I Afvexì
mvnvh-mnhvwMZv, ZIev I BwMdvi, Zvnvyì mvjvZ,
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7. igRvbi ivwwjZ Gkvi mvjvZi ci Zvivwei bvgvR Av`vq
Kiv mybZ| (eZimn GMvi ivKvZ ev eZimn Zi ivKvZ)
BnvB nQ mybZ| Avi h Gi Pq AwaK coZ Pvq Zvi Rb
Kvb Amyweav bB| Avi h Bgvgi mv_B Zvivwei mvjvZ kl
Ki ei ne Zvi Rb mg ivwi wKqvgi bwK jLv ne|
8. Cì w`b mybZ nQ Cì mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ hvIqvi c~e
eRvo LRyi LvIqv|
9. Kvb bdj ivRv`viK w`bi ejv Lvbvwcbvi Rb Avnvb
Kij mybZ njv m eje: Avwg ivRv`vi; KviY bex -Gi
evYx:
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ZLb m hb ej: Avwg ivRv`vi|2
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ewi wbKU Lve ZLb eje:
1. nvw`mwU nvmvb, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 2357
2.gymwjg nvt bs 1150
wmqvg Aavq
203
wmqvgi mybZmg~n
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igRvb Dgiv Kiv mybZ; KviY bex [] ejQb:
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igRvb GKwU Dgiv Kiv nRi mgvb ev Avgvi m nR Kiv|2

hw` Kvb ew igRvbi kl w`b Dgivi Bnivg euva Ges
Dgivi Kvhvw` Cì ivwi c~e KiZ mg bv nq, Ze Zvi
Dgiv igRvbB nqQ ej aiv ne; KviY m h mgq Dgivi
Bnivg euawQj m mgq wQj igRvb|
11. igRvbi kl `kK mybZ nQ wewfb cKvi Gev`Z ekx
ekx cwikg Kiv, mg ivw wbR RvMv I cwievii mKjK
RvMvbv|
jvBjvZzj Kìi dwRjZ:
jvBjvZzj Kì Z_v Kìi ivw GKwU ghv`vc~Y gwngvw^Z
ivZ| G ivZ mg iZcY~ wRwbmi wbaviY nq| mviv eQii
wiwRK, nvqvZ-gIZ I Aevi AveZb-weeZb wbw` Kiv nq|
igRvbi kl `kKi eovR ivwjvZ jvBjvZzj Kì nIqvUv
Avkv Kiv hvq| Avi jvBjvZzj Kì mePq 27 ZvwiL nIqvUv
ekx meci|
jvBjvZzj Kìi ewk:
jvBjvZzj Kì GK nvRvi gvmi PqI Dg| Avi GK
nvRvi gvm nQ 83 eQi 4 gvm| ZvB G ivw RvMiY Kiv I Gi
wekl `vqv ekx ekx cvV Kiv gyvnve|
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204
wmqvg Aavq
wmqvgi mybZmg~n
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P O N M L K J I H G F E D C B A{
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Kì| Avi Avcwb wK Rvbb jvBjvZzj Kì wK? jvBjvZzj Kì
nQ GK nvRvi gvm Acv k| GZ cZK KvRi Rb
dikZvMY I in (wRewij) AeZxY nq Zvì cvjbKZvi
wb`kg| GUv wbivcv hv dRi D`q nIqv ch AenZ
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wZwb [] ejQb: h ew Cgvb I mIqvei Dk
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ejjvg: n Avjvni im~j! hw` Avwg jvBjvZzj Kì eySZ cvwi
Ze wK eje? wZwb [] ejjb: Zzwg eje:
wmqvg Aavq
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wmqvgi mybZmg~n
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Avbx|1
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AvgvK gv Ki|
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wmqvg Aavq
206
bdj ivRv
5-bdj ivRv
bex [
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m8 { 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
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gvm eZxZ Avi Ab Kvb gvm c~Y ivRv ivLbwb| Avi wZwb
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hLb Kvb gvmi ivRv ivLZb ZLb Avgiv aviYv KiZvg h,
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wmqvg Aavq
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bdj ivRv
ivRvi cKvi:
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bdj ivRv
Avbw`Z ne|1
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Avi GK w`b eivRv|
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Avivi (`k ZvwiLi) ivRv mePq iZcY~ , Gici bq
ZvwiLi ivRv| `k ZvwiLi ivRv MZ GK eQii bvnK
gvd Ki `q| Avi Bw`ì mv_ wecixZ Kivi Rb
gvniigi `k ZvwiLi mv_ bq ZvwiL ivRv ivLv gyvnve|
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<H *{ 3 &% |2>% . o 7 *R K& ; s ? 3 &
h ew igRvbi ivRv ivLvi ci kvIqvj _K 6wU ivRv

ivLj Bnv hb mviv eQii ivRv nj|2
Bnv Cì ci GKvavi 6wU ivRv ivLv Dg wK hw` wewQbfve
ivL ZeyI RvqR|
4. cwZ gvm 3w`b ivRv| Bnv mviv eQii ivRv mgvb| Avi
mybZ njv AvBqvg exh Z_v cwZ P`gvmi 13, 14 I 15
ZvwiLi ivRv ivLv| A_ev mvgevi I enwZevi Ges Zvi
cii mvgevi| BQv Kij gvmi i _K ivRv ivLe
A_ev kl _K ivLe|
5. whjnR gvmi c_g 9 w`bi ivRv| Gi ga hviv nRi
evBi AvQb Zvì Rb mevg 9 ZvwiLi ivRv; KviY G
w`b AvivdvZi w`b| G ivRv AvMi GK eQi I cii GK
eQii cvcivwR wgwUq `q|
6. Avjvni mwi Rb ivRv ivLv|
1

209
wmqvg Aavq
bdj ivRv
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o % > :< = . / . 4"5 :
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Avey mvC` Lyìx [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb Avwg im~jyjvn []
K ejZ bwQ: h ew Avjvni mw ARbi Rb GK w`b
ivRv ivLe, Avjvn Zvi PnvivK Rvnvbvgi Avb _K mi
eQii `~iZ mgvb `~i Ki wèb|1
7. kvevb gvmi c_gvsk ekx ekx ivRv ivLv gyvnve|
B5 < BX *2S s tG 9 <>;
:
5= 8 / .4"5 %:; D (
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Avqkv [iv:] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn [] hLb (bdj)

ivRv ivLZb ZLb Avgiv ejZvg wZwb eywS ivRv Qvoeb bv|
Avi hLb QvoZb ZLb Avgiv ejZvg wZwb eywS ivRv ivLeb bv|
Avi im~jyjvn []K igRvb Qvov Ab Kvb gvm cyiv ivR ivLZ
`Lwb| Avi kvevb gvmi PvBZ ewk Ab Kvb gvm ivRv
ivLZI `Lwb|2
8. cwZ mvni mvgevi I enwZevii ivRv| G `yB w`b
ev`vi Avgj Avjvni wbKU ck Kiv nq| ZvB GB `yB w`b
ivRv ivLv gyvnve| Avi mvgevi enwZevii Pq ekx
ZvwK`c~Y|
4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 < >; 4 . / . 4"5 :
% ; aq; t\5# A F 2= ) 3 /
s ?
l :< = sH G ; Q # + sH G s ?
3 / J ]%> -. -... .% &% ?
3 / J ]%>
2
wmqvg Aavq
210
bdj ivRv
s' G l :< = 3 R#%5 s G s ?

3 / J ]%> :< = s"*5 .% " / F F %U
:< X D / s G s ?
3 / J ]%> .. .% % *" / < d
$# o% ) s' G .% % Y
6 5%
:< X ji ;{/ s G s ?
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Avey KvZv`v Avbmvix [] _K ewYZ, im~jyjvn []K Zuvi ivRv
mK wRvmv Kiv nq---- GZ iqQ GKw`b ivRv ivLv Avi
GK w`b bv ivLvi welq wRvmv Kiv nj wZwb ejb: Bnv nQ
Avgvi fvB `vE` []-Gi ivRv| ZuvK mvgevii ivRv
mK wRvmv Kiv nj ejb: GB w`b Avwg RbMnY KiwQ
Ges GB w`bB Avwg bex nqwQ ev Avgvi cwZ Anx bvwRj
nqQ| Avi AvivdvZi w`bi ivRv mK wRvmv Kiv nj
ejb:GB ivRv GK eQi c~ei I GK eQi cii bvn gvd Ki
`q| ZuvK Avivi w`b ivRv ivLvi dwRjZ wRvmv Kiv nj
ejb:GB ivRv c~ei GK eQii bvn gvd Ki `q|1
kwbevi I iweevi ivRv ivLvi weavb:
kwb I iweevi ivRv ivLv Dg; KviY GB `yB w`b
gykiKì Cì w`b| ZvB G w`b ivRv ivLj Zvì wecixZ
ne| Avi gymvwdii Rb AvivdvZi I Avivi w`b ivRv ivLv
gyvnve; KviY Gi mgq PjMj myhvM nvwiq hve|
h mKj w`b ivRv ivLv nvivg Zv njv:
1. `yB C`-C`yj wdZi I C`yj Avhnv, m`ni w`b Z_v kvevb
gvmi 30 ZvwiL igRvb nZ cvi gb Ki, Avqvg ZvkixK
Z_v whjnR gvmi 11, 12 I 13 ZvwiL| wK Zvgvz I
Kivb nRKvixi Rb nv`x RevB Kivi mvg_ bv _vKj Zvi
cwieZ ivRv ivLv RvqR| G fve cwZ w`b ivRv ivLv I
nvwR mvneì Rb AvivdvZi w`b ivRv ivLv gKin|
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wmqvg Aavq
211
bdj ivRv
2. mg iRe gvmK ivRv ivLvi Rb wbw` Kiv gKin| Abyic

gKin aygv Rygvi w`b ivRv ivLv; KviY Bnv gymjgvbì
mvvwnK Cì w`b|
3. xi Rb ^vgxi DcwwZZ Zvi AbygwZ Qvov bdj ivRv ivLv
RvqR bB| wK igRvbi ivRv Ges igRvbi KvRvi
mgqKvj nj ^vgxi AbygwZ QvovB ivRv ivLv RvqR|
igRvbi Kvhv ivRvi c~e kvIqvji 6wU ivRv ivLvi weavb:
hvi cwZ igRvbi ivRv KvRv AvQ m hw` kvIqvji 6wU
ivRv ivL Ze m DjwLZ mIqve _K ewZ ne| eis m
c_g igRvbi ivRv c~iY Kie AZ:ci kvIqvji 6wU ivRv
ivLe; hvZ Ki mIqve nvwmj KiZ cvi|
bdi ivRv f Ìqvi weavb:
hw` KD bdj ivRv ivLvi ci f w`Z Pvq, Ze f
Ìqv RvqR| Avi bdj ivRvi Rb w`bi ejv wbqZ Kiv
RvqR, ivw _K wbqZ Kiv Riix bq| Avi PvBj f w`Z
cvi Ges ci KvRv Kiv Riwi bq|
sH G Y
4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
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Dyj gywgbxb Avqkv (iv:) _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: bex []

Avgvi wbKU cek Ki ejjb: Zvgvì wbKU wKQz AvQ?
Avgiv ejjvg: bv, wZwb ejjb: Zvnj Avwg ivRv _K Mjvg|
Gici Ab GK w`b wZwb Avgvì wbKU Avmj Avgiv ejjvg:
n Avjvni im~j! AvgvìK nvBm (GK cKvi Lv`) nvw`qv
wmqvg Aavq
212
bdj ivRv
Ìqv nqQ| wZwb ejjb: AvgvK Dnv `LvI| Avwg ivRv

iL cfvZ KiwQ wK GLb Lve|1
bdj ivRvi evcvi bex [
]-Gi mybZ:
bex []-Gi bdj ivRv wZb cKvi:
c_g: h evcvi bex [] DrmvwnZ KiQb Ges wZwb wbR me`v
iLQb hgb: cwZ gvm wZbwU I 10B gynviigi ivRv|
wZxq: h evcvi DrmvwZ KiQb Ges Zvi AwaK ivRv
iLQb hgb: kvevb gvmi ivRv|
ZZxq: h evcvi DrmvwZ KiQb wK wbR KLbv iLQb
ej mve bv hgb: kvIqvji 6wU ivRv, GKw`b cici ivRv I
gynviig gvmi ivRv Avi Bnv Zuvi eZvi KviY|
wmqvg Aavq
213
GZKvd
6- GZKvd
GZKvd: GZKvd njv bvix nvK ev cyil nvK Avjvni
Gev`Zi Dk wekl cwZZ gmwR` Aevb KivK
wbRi Dci Acwinvh Ki bIqv|
GZKvdi m~ eyS:
GZKvd nQ wbRi bdmK Avjvni Gev`Z Ave Kiv I
Zuvi m ezZ Kiv| Avi mg gLjyK _K wbRK wewQb Kiv
I AiK Avjvni wRwKi _K eKvix mKj wRwbm _K k~b
Kiv|
GZKvdi Kzg:
GZKvd h Kvb mqg Kiv RvqR Ges ivRv QvovI Kij
mnxn ne| Avi GZKvd Kivi bRi gvbj IqvwRe nq hve|
GZKvd igRvb gvm Kiv mybZ| Avi Dg I ZvwK`c~Y njv
igRvbi kl `k w`b Kiv| Abvb gmwR` Qvov gmwR` nvivg
A_ev gmwR` beexZ wKsev gmwR` AvKmvq Kiv mevg| hw`
DuPz ghv`vi hgb: gmwR` nvivg wbw` Ki Ze Zvi Pq
wbggvbi gmwR` Kiv Pje bv| wK hw` wbggvbi gmwR`
wbw` Ki Ze ZvZ I Zvi Pq DuPz gvbi Dfq gmwR` Kiv
RvqR|
GZKvd mnxn nIqvi Rb kZmg~n:
GZKvdi Rb kZ njv: Bmjvg, GZKvdi wbqZ Ges
Ggb gmwR` hLvb mvjvZi RvgvZ Kvqg nq| Avi ivRv ivLv
Aevq Kiv Dg|
bvixi Rb Zvi AwffvKi AbygwZg hw` drbvi wbivcZv I
gvwmK FZz ev cm~wZ _K cwe nq Zvnj gmwR` GZKvd
Kiv RvqR| Zvi cwZ IqvwRe njv bvixì Rb wbw` Zuvey
ev vb cyil nZ `~i _K GZKvd Kiv|
wmqvg Aavq
214
GZKvd
Bnvhv (cì) Aevq bvixi GZKvd Kiv RvqR| Ze

gmwR` hb bvsiv bv nq m evcvi mveavb _vKe|
mevg gmwR` nQ gvmwR`yj nvivg| mLvb GK Iqv
mvjvZ Av`vq Kij GK jY ekx mIqve cvIqv hve|
Gici gvmwR` beex hLvb mvjvZ Av`vq Kij GK nvRvi
Y ekx mIqve wgje| Gici gvmwR`yj AvKmv hLvb
mvjvZ Av`vq Kij 250 Y ekx mIqve ne|
GZKvd Kivi Rb bRi gvbvi weavb:
hw` KD DjwLZ wZbwU gmwRì Kvb GKwUZ mvjvZ ev
GZKvdi bRi gvb Zvnj Zvi cwZ Zv c~iY Kiv Riix| Avi
h ew mvjvZ ev GZKvd Ab Kvb gmwR` bRi gvbe Zvi
cwZ mLvbB Kiv Riix ne bv| wK kwiqZi wewagvjv Abyhvqx
nZ ne| ZvB Zvi h Kvb gmwR` mvjvZ Av`vq ev GZKvd
Kij Pje|
GZKvdi i I kl:
1. h ew Kvb wbw` mgq GZKvd Kivi bRi gvbe hgb:
Avgvi cwZ igRvbi GK mvn GKZvd| m c_g ivwi m~h
Wyevi c~e GZKvdi vb cek Kie Ges kl w`bi m~h
Wyevi ci ei ne|
2. hw` igRvbi kl `k w`b GZKvd KiZ Pvq Ze
GZKvdi vb 21 k igRvbi ivwi m~h Wyevi c~e cek
Kie Ges igRvbi kl w`bi m~h Wyevi ci ei ne|
GZKvdKvix wK Kie:
1. GZKvdKvix Rb ekx ekx wewfb aibi bdj Gev`Z Kiv
gyvnve| hgb: KyiAvb ZjvIqvZ, wRwKi, `vqv, BwMdvi, ewk
ewk bdj mvjvZ, Zvnvy`| Avi AcqvRbxq wRwbm I K_v ev
KvR _K weiZ _vKv|
2. GZKvdKvixi Rb ckve-cvqLv, Ihy, Rygvi mvjvZ, Lvbvwcbv
BZvwì Rb ei nIqv RvqR| Avi hw` GZKvdi iZ Kvb
wmqvg Aavq
215
GZKvd
ivMxK `Lv-bvi ev Kviv RvbvRvZ nvwRi nIqvi kZ Ki

_vK Ze m Rb ei nIqv RvqR| Abyic Zvi cwZ hvi nK
iqQ Zvi RvbvRvq nvwRi nIqv hgb: evev-gvi Kvb GKRb
wKsev wbKUvZxq-^Rb|
3. xi Rb GZKvdiZ ^vgxi mv_ mvvZ Kiv I Zvi mv_ wKQz
mgq Avjvc Kiv RvqR AvQ| Abyic cwievi I ez-evei KD
mvvZ KiZ PvBj RvqR|
GZKvdi mevg mgq:
GZKvdi mevg mgq nQ igRvbi kl `k w`b| hw`
cyiv `k w`b bv Ki ZeyI RvqR| wK hw` `k w`bi bRi gb
_vK Ze cyiv `k w`b KiZ ne|
igRvbi kl `k w`b bvix-cyil mKji Rb GZKvd Kiv
mybZ|
. 4"5 4"?
*7*5 4 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
a7*5
8 / . 4"5 :
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W%/ 3 /
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% o )
3 &% . E
Avqkv (iv:) _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: bex [] Zuvi mviv Rxeb
igRvbi kl `k w`b GZKvd KiZb| AZ:ci bex []-Gi
gZzi ci Zuvi xMY GZKvd Kib|1
hv Kij GZKvd evwZj nq hvq:
AcqvRb gmwR` _K ei nj GZKvd evwZj nq hve|
Abyic x mnevm Kij, gyi`vZ nq Mj, bkvM nj| bvixcyili Rb gmwR` GZKvd Aevq ev Ab Kvb mgq Nygvbv
RvqR AvQ|
wmqvg Aavq
216
GZKvd
cqvRb gvS ga gmwR` Nygvbv RvqR hgb: Kvb

AvMK I dwKi hvi Kvb Avevm bB| wK gmwR`K
Nygvbvi RvqMv evbvbv wbla Ze GZKvdKvix BZvw` Qvov|
GZKvdi mgq-mxgv:
h Kvb mgq ev Kvj PvB w`b ev iv wKsev wKQz wbw` w`b
GZKvd Kiv RvqR|
% Y
; a+ .% 4"5 < >; G < = . * . / . 4"5 :
% ; w
4QO
5# 3 ) / 3 /
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u7*5 . 5 < X s `
5# 6% L

5# % DC " 5
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! 2/ l ; # x
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1. Dgvi Beb Lvve [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: n Avjvni

iKj! Avwg RvnwjqvZi hyM gvmwR`yj nvivg GZKvd Kivi
bRi gb wQjvg| bex [] ejjb: Zvgvi bRi c~iY Ki|
ZLb wZwb GKwU ivw GZKvd Kib|1
%
!% 2o G 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
u7*5
:< = . / . 4"5 :
% ; A G P ) 3 /
. m& G 3 G(
/%
! 2/ .% % V
7= q%45 s o5#
*" zsH *G A (
/ Z K& ; J
.q;O75 .EU
2. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: bex [] cwZ

igRvb `k w`b Ki GZKvd KiZb| AZ:ci h eQi wZwb
gZzeiY Kib m eQi 20 w`b GZKvd Kib|2
1.eyLvix nvt bs 2042 k ZviB gymwjg nvt bs 1656 Cgvb ce

2.eyLvix nvt bs 2044
217
Gev`Z
6- nR I Dgivi Aavq
GZ iqQ:
1
2
3
4
5
6
nRi A_, Kzg I dwRjZ 7 Dgiv cvjbi cwZ

Bnivg euvavi gxKvZmg~n
8 nR cvjbi cwZ
Bnivg euvavi cwZ
9 nR I Dgivi AvnKvg
wd`&qv
10 gmwR` beexi wRqviZ
nRi cKvi
11 nv`x, Kzievwb I AvKxKv
Dgivi A_ I Zvi Kzg
218
:

ponmlkjihgfI
~}|{ zyxwv utsrq

[-/# ]!H
Avjvni evYx:
wb:m`n mec_ g Ni hv gvbyli Rb wbavwiZ nqQ, mUvB
nQ G Ni, hv evvq AewZ Ges mviv Rvnvbi gvbyli Rb
n`vqZ I eiKZgq| GZ iqQ gvKvg Beivnxgi gZ
cK wb`kb| Avi h jvK Gi fZi cek KiQ, m
wbivcv jvf KiQ| Avi G Nii nR Kiv njv gvbyli Dci
Avjvni Dci Avjvni cvc; h jvKi mvg_ iqQ G ch
cuQvi| Avi h jvK Zv gvb bvAvjvn mviv weki Kvb
wKQyiB civqv Kib bv| [m~iv evKviv: 96-97]
nR I Dgivi Aavq
219
nRi A_, weavb I dwRjZ
6 - nR I Dgivi Aavq
1- nRi A_, weavb I dwRjZ
nR: wekl Kvhvw` Avjvni Bev`Zi Dk im~jyjvn []-Gi
mybZ gvZveK wbw` vb I wbw` mgq mv`b Kivi bvg
nR|
evBZzj nvivgi ghv`v:
Avjvn ZvAvjv evBZzj nvivg Z_v KvevK ghv`vkxj
evwbqQb| ZvB gvmwR`yj nvivgK Kvevi Avwbv evwbq
w`qQb| Avi gvK evwbqQb gvmwR`yj nvivgi Avwbv|
Abyic Bnivg euvavi gxKvZmg~nK KiQb gvi Avwbv| Avi
Avie DcwcK Avwbv KiQb gxKvZmg~ni| Gme evBZzj
nvivgi ghv`v I mvb evovbvi Rb|
Avjvni evYx:
r q p o n m l k j i h g f{
~ } | { z y x w v u t s
: z
wb:m`n mec_ g Ni hv gvbyli Rb gvq wbgvY Kiv nqQ|

Bnv wek Rvnvbi Rb n`vqZ I eiKZgq| GZ iqQ gvKvg
Beivnxg-Gi gZ cK wbw`kb| Avi h jvK Gi wfZi cek
KiQb m wbivcv jvf KiQ| Avi h mKj gvbyl Avjvni
Nich cuQvZ mg Avjvni Dk G Nii nR Kiv Zvì
cwZ diR| hw` KD A^xKvi Ki Ze wbqB Avjvn mgM
wekevmx nZ cqvRbgy| [m~iv Avj-Bgivb: 96-97]
nR I Dgivi Aavq
220
nRi m`h I inm-Zvrch:

1. nR nQ Bmjvwg vZZ I gymwjg Dvi HKi eve GK
wb`kb| hvi dj nRi gvS wewjb nq hvq RvwZ, iO, fvlv,
`k I kYxi f`vf`| Avi cKvk cvq AvbyMZ I vZZi
nwKKZ| mKjB GKB iOi cvkvK ci GKB wKejvgyLx
nq GKB Avjvni Gev`Z Ki|
2. nR Ggb GKwU gvìvmv hLvb mKj ahi eve cwkY
MnY Ki| GZ AvLivZ I Zvi fqvenZvi K_v iY Ki|
Avi GZ Avjvni e`wMi ^v` Abyfe Ki| RvbZ cvi Zvi
cwZcvjKi gnZ I mg gLjyKi Zuvi wK cqvRb|
3. nRi gmyg bwK DcvRbi GK weivU myhvM| G mgq
mIqve eY ew Kiv nq, cvcivwR gvd Ki Ìqv nq|
ev`v cwZcvjKi mvgb ùvwoq Zuvi ZvInx`K gb bq|
^xKvi Ki Zvi bvn I Zuvi nK Av`vq AcviMZvK| ZvB
wdi Avm nR _K H w`bi wbvc wki gZ nq h w`b
Zvi gv ZvK f~wg KiwQj|
4. nR bex-im~jMY (Av:)-Gi Aev I Zuvì Gev`Zi K_v
iY nq| Aviv iY nq Zuvì `vIqvZ I wRnv` Ges gnvb
Pwii K_v| nR bdmK cwievi I mvb-mwZ Qo _vKvi
Af Kiv nq|
5. nR GKwU gvc` hvi viv gymjgvbiv GK Acii Aev vbx
bv A wKsev Afvegy bv Afvex A_ev mwVK AvwK`vi Dci
Kvqg AvQ bv weKwZ I wePzwZ NUQ BZvw` Dcjw KiZ
cvi|
nRi Kzg:
nR Bmjvgi GKwU ivKb| beg wnRwi mvj Bnv diR nq|
nR cwZwU gymwjg, ^vaxb, mvevjK, weeKevb, mg ewi Dci
Rxeb GKevi diR| diR nIqvi ci ìx Kiv Pje bv|
1. Avjvni evYx:
nR I Dgivi Aavq
221
~ } |{
: z
Avi h mKj gvbyl Avjvni Nic h cuQvZ mg Avjvni

Dk G Nii nR Kiv Zvì cwZ diR| hw` KD A^xKvi
Ki Ze wbqB Avjvn mgM wekevmx nZ cqvRbgy|
[m~iv Avj-Bgivb: 97]
B) s "B> 4+ : 9 <B>; < = :< = 8/ 9 :; / 3 ) 3 /
s B%? zA% B
*d5 j 2G+ zA% "*t5 s =+ z9
45+ . 5+ 5 # A% F 8{ :N
H U B" /
.."/ 012&
.
% 75 aS z K& ;
2. Avyjvn Beb Dgvi [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn []

ejQb:Bmjvgi eywbqv` cuvPwU: (1) mv c`vb Kiv h Avjvn
Qvov Kvb mZ Bjvn bB| (2) mvjvZ Kvqg Kiv| (3) RvKvZ
c`vb Kiv| (4) igRvbi wmqvg ivLv| (5) Kvev Nii nR cvjb
Kiv|1
nR KiZ mg K:
hvi kixi my, mdi KiZ mg, mdii Ggb cv_q I evnb
iqQ hvi viv nR Ki wdi AvmZ cvie| Zvi c~e Zvi cwZ
hv wKQz IqvwRe hgb: FY cwikva Kiv, cwievii fiY-cvlYi
LiP Ìqv I wbZ cqvRbxq wRwbmi AwZwi m` _vKv|
Kvi cwZ nR diR:
hvi kvixwiK I Avw_K mvg_ iqQ Zvi wbRB nR Kiv
diR| Avi hvi Avw_K mvg_ AvQ wK kvixwiK gZv bq Zvi
Dci IqvwRe njv Zvi c _K e`wj nR Kivbv| Avi hvi
kvixwiK gZv AvQ wK Avw_K mvg_ bq Zvi cwZ nR diR
bq| Avi hvi kvixwiK I Avw_K KvbUvB mvg_ bq Zvi Dci
_K nR iwnZ|
1
222
nR I Dgivi Aavq
5. hvi wbKU nR Kivi gZ Avw_K mvg_ bq Zvi Rb RvKvZ

dv _K bIqv RvqR AvQ; KviY nR dx mvexwjjvni
Afy|
nR I Dgivi dwRjZ:
JK # J o 5# uq J ]%> 4"> .% " / .4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 < >; 4 A G P ) 3 /
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1. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn []K

wRvmv Kiv njv mevg Avgj wK? wZwb [] ejjb:
Avjvn I Zuvi im~ji Dci Cgvb Avbv| wRvmv Kiv njv
AZ:ci wK? wZwb [] ejjb: Avjvni ivvq wRnv` Kiv|
wRvmv Kiv njv Gici wK? wZwb [] ejjb: gvKeyj Z_v
Avjvni wbKU MnYhvM nR|1
.% 4"5% *S 3 & :< = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
*7*5 4 . / . 4"5 :
% ; A G P ) 3 /
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I E ; z 0
1# G 5
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2. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: bex [] ejQb:

h ew Avjvni Rb nR Kie| Avi Akxj K_v, AvPiY,
Abvq I cvcvPvi _K `~i _vKe| m H w`bi gZ wbvc
wk nq wdi Avme hw`b Zvi gv ZvK Rb w`qwQj|2
A o 5# :< = 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
.% 4"5 < >; 4 . / . 4"5 :
% ; A G P ) 3 /
D*L
5# 45+ j dE . 5 N
5 ; 7 5# u`
5# 8 ) 5% Ah ; 41
A% o 5# 5+
3. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: Avwg Avjvni
im~jyjvn []K ejZ bwQ:GK Dgiv _K Aci Dgiv
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nR I Dgivi Aavq
223
Dfqi gvSi cvcmg~ni Rb Kvd&dviv îc Ges Keyj

nRi GKgv cwZ`vb RvbvZ|1
hw` Kvb ewi Dci nR diR nIqvi ci nR bv KiB gviv
hvq, Ze Zvi cwiZ m` _K e`wj nR Kivi Rb
m` ei Kivi ci evwK m` fvM-eb KiZ ne|
gvnivg cyil Qvov gwnjvì nR I Dgiv Kivi weavb:
bvixi Dci nR diRi kZi ga gvnivg cyil _vKv Riix|
hgb: ^vgx ev hvi m Zvi vqxfve weevn nvivg| hgb: evev
A_ev fvB wKsev Qj BZvw`| hw` gvnivg cyil gwnjvi m
hZ A^xKvi Ki Ze Zvi Dci nR diR ne bv| Avi hw`
gvnivg cyil QvovB nR Ki Ze m cvwc ne wK Zvi nR mnxn
nq hve|
m Kvb gvnivg cyil Qvov bvixi Rb mdi Kiv nvivg| PvB
m hyeZx nvK ev eywo nvK| Avi PvB Zvi m Abvb bvixiv
_vK ev GKvKx nvK| Avi mdi j^v nvK ev QvU nvK; KviY
bex [] -Gi evYx:
.."/ 012& .sH `
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Kvb bvix hb gvnivg cyil Qvov mdi bv Ki|2
e`wj nRi weavb:
eqve ev Ggb ivM hv fvj nIqvi Avkv bq wKsev gZ
ewi c _K KD e`wj nR KiZ PvBj, m ZviB gxKvZ
_K Bnivg euvaZ cvie, hvi e`wj nR KiQ Zvi `k _K
mdi Avi Kiv Riix bq| e`wj nR Kivi Rb AvM wbRi nR
Ki bIqv kZ| Avi hvi c _K e`wj nR Kiv nQ, ZvK
nR Av`vqi mgq Bnivg Aevq wbwl KvRjv _K weiZ
_vKZ ne bv| eis whwb e`wj nR Kieb wZwbB weiZ _vKeb|
nR I Dgivi Aavq
224
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eyivB`v [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avwg im~jyjvn [] wbKU em
wQjvg Ggb mgq GKRb gwnjv Gm ejj, Avwg Avgvi gvK GKwU
`vmx `vb KiwQjvg GLb wZwb gviv MQb| eyivB`v ejb, bex
[] ejjb:Zvgvi cwZ`vb mve nqMQ, Zzwg `vmxwUK
Zvgvi gxivm wnmve dir wbq bvI| gwnjvwU ejj, n Avjvni
im~j! Avgvi gvi cwZ GKgvmi ivRv evwK AvQ, Avwg Zv Zvi
c _K iL wbe? wZwb [] ejjb: Zuvi c _K ivRv
iL bvI| gwnjvwU Avevi ejj, Avgvi gv KLbv nR Kibwb,
Avwg Zuvi c _K e`wj nR cvjb Kie? wZwb [] ejje:
Zzwg Zvgvi gvi c _K e`wj nR cvjb Ki|1
kvixwiK Ag ew Zvi c _K bdj nR ev Dgivi Rb
AbK fvov w`q ev fvov QvovB cwZwbwa wbqvM KiZ cvi|
nR Kiv Aevq KD gviv Mj Zvi nR evwK Kvhvw` KvRv
Kiv cqvRb bB; KviY m wKqvgZi w`b Zvjweqv coZ
coZ DVe| Avi h Kvb mvjvZ Av`vq Ki bv Zvi c
_K nR Kiv ev Zvi bvg `vb-LqivZ Kiv KvbUvB RvqR
bB; KviY m gyiZv` (agZvMx-Bmjvg _K LvwiR)|
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1
. gymwjg nv: bs 1149
nR I Dgivi Aavq
225
gvwmK FZzeZx I cm~wZ bvixi Rb Mvmj Ki nRi Bnivg

euvav RvqR| m Zvi Bnivg Aevq _K Kvev Nii ZIqvd
Qvov nRi evwK mg KvR mv`b Kie| cwe nj Mvmj Ki
ZIqvd kl Ki Gici Bnivg Lyj nvjvj ne|
Avi hw` Dgivi Bnivg euva Ze cwe nIqv ch Acv Kie
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ne|
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ejQb: Zvgiv nR I Dgiv GKUvi ci AciUv Ki; KviY nR
I Dgiv H fve Afve I bvn `~i Ki `q hfve Kvgvii
nvci jvnv, mvbv I icvi gwiPv (Rs) `~i Ki| Avi nR Keyj
nj Zvi GKgv cwZ`vb RvbvZ|1
6. GKvwaKevi Dgiv Kivi Kzg:
gvi ewnivMZ ewi Rb nR ev Dgiv Kivi ci gvi nvivg
GjvKv nZ ei nq GKvwaK evi bdj ev e`wj Dgiv Kiv
gKin; KviY Bnv weÀvZ| bex [] A_ev Zuvi mvnvevMY [] bv
igRvb Avi bv igRvbi evBi KLbv GKvwaK Dgiv KiQb|
Avi bv Avqkv (iv:)K wb`k KiwQjb eis Zuvi gb Lywk Kivi
Rb AbygwZ w`qwQjb gv| evievi Dgiv Kivi PvBZ Kvev
Nii ZIqvd Kiv I ewk ewk bdj mvjvZ Av`vq KivB Dg|
1.nv`xmwU nvmvb, Avngv` nvt bs 2669 wmjwmjv mnxnv nvt bs 1200 `t wZiwghx nvt bs
810 k ZviB
nR I Dgivi Aavq
226
Avi Avqkv (iv:)-Gi ZvbCg _K Dgiv Kiv H FZzeZx

gwnjvì Rb wbw` hviv nRi mgq Dgiv c~Y KiZ mg
nqwb| hgb: Avqkv (iv:)-Gi Aev NUwQj| myZivs Abvb
bvixì RbB Zv ea bq cyilì Rb Zv `~ii K_v|
QvU evPvì nR I Dgivi Kzg:
hw` QvU evPv nRi Bnivg euva Zvnj Zv bdj nR nq
hve| evPv hw` cv_K vbi AwaKvix nq Ze bvix-cyili
mvevjKiv h fve Kie mfve mI Kie| Avi hw` cv_K
vbi AwaKvix bv nq Zvnj Zvi c _K Zvi AwffveK
Bnivg euvae Ges ZvK m Ki ZIqvd I mvC Kie| Avi
RvgvivZ Zvi c _K KsKi wbc Kie| Ze Dg njv nR
ev Dgivi h mKj KvR m wbR Av`vq KiZ cvie Zv Kie|
Avi hLb m mvevjK ne ZLb Zvi cwZ nR diR nj Avevi
ZvK diR nR Av`vq KiZ ne|
PvU evPv ev `vm-`vmx nR Av`vq Kivi ci evPv mvevjK I
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diR nR cvjb KiZ ne|
QvUì nR mnxn ne Ges h ZvK nR Kive m Zvi mIqve
cve|
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Beb Avevm [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: GKRb gwnjv Zvi QvU
evPvK Zzj ai ejj: n Avjvni im~j Gi cwZ nR AvQ wK?
wZwb [] ejjb: nuv, Avi Zvgvi Rb iqQ mIqve |1
nR I Dgivi Aavq
227
Kvb gykwiKi Rb gmwR` ceki Kzg:

gmwR` nvivg Kvb gykiKi cek Kiv ea bv| Avi
kwiqZi DcKviv_ evwK mKj gmwR` cek Kiv RvqR|
1. Avjvni evYx:
X W V U T S R Q P O{
gf e d c b a ` _ ^ ] \ [Z Y
:-./ z l k j i h
n Cgvb`viMY gykiKiv Zv Acwe| myZivs G eQii ci Zviv

hb gvmwR`yj nvivgi wbKU bv Avm| Avi hw` Zvgiv `vwiì
AvksKv Ki, Ze Avjvn PvBj wbR KiYvq fwelZ Afvegy
Ki èb| wb:m`n Avjvn me, cvgq| [m~iv ZvIev: 28]
6Z L
J 7=% C" U 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
u7*5
o ) < = A G P ) 3 /
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ji L
0 " Q D & R X%"# :< X 4"> .% " / . 4"5 4"?
u7*5 .% 5+
O
6% L

5#
. 5+ 5 # 6 8 { :< X 6 L

5# J U F *R J
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5# 3 &%
H G= JH O
5+
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.."/ 012& ..% 4"5 <>; m6*`
2. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: bex [] bvR&`
GjvKvq GKwU Akevwnbx ciY Kib| Zviv ewb nvbxdv
Mvi GKRb gvbylK cvKovI Ki wbq Avm| jvKwUi
bvg Qzgvgv Beb DQvj| ZvK gmwRì GKwU LuywUi mwnZ
eua ivLv nq| bex [] jvKwUi KvQ ei nq ejjb:
QzgvgvK Qo `vI| Qzgvgv Qvov cq gmwRì wbKU
GKwU LRyii evMvb wMq Mvmj Ki gmwR` cek Ki
nR I Dgivi Aavq
228
ej: Avknv`y Avj&jvv Bjvvnv Bjvjvn, Iqv Avbv gynvv`vi

im~jyjvn|1
nvivgi ewk:
gvi nvivg kixdi AbK ewk iqQ Zba:
GLvb mvjvZ Av`vq Kij eY ekx mIqve| Abyic mLvb
cvc Kij bvnI ekx| nvivg kixd gykwiKì Rb cek
nvivg| mLvb hy Avi Kiv nvivg| nvivgi BhwLi Nvm Qvov
Abvb mg MvQ I Nvm KvUv nvivg| NvlYv I LuvR-Lei bIqvi
Dk Qvov nvivg kixd Kvb nvivbv e Kzovbv nvivg| Gfve
Kvb wkKviK nZv Kiv ev fvMvbvI nvivg| GLvbB gvbyl RvwZi
Rb mec_ g Ni evbvbv nqQ:
Avjvni evYx:
r q p o n m l k j i h g f{
~ } | { z y x w v u t s
- : z
wb:m`n mec_ g Ni hv gvbyli Rb gvq wbgvY Kiv nqQ|

Bnv wek Rvnvbi Rb n`vqZ I eiKZgq| GZ iqQ gvKvg
Beivnxg-Gi gZ cK wbw`kb| Avi h jvK Gi wfZi cek
KiQ m wbivcv jvf KiQ| Avi h mKj gvbyl Avjvni Ni
ch cuQvZ mg Avjvni Dk G Nii nR Kiv Zvì cwZ
diR| hw` KD A^xKvi Ki Ze wbqB Avjvn mgM wekevmx
nZ cqvRbgy| [m~iv Avj-Bgivb: 96-97]
1.eyLvix nvt bs 462 k ZviB I gymwjg nvt bs 1764
nR I Dgivi Aavq
229
nRi gxKvZmg~n
2- nRi gxKvZmg~n
gxKvZ Gi eePb gvIqvvKxZ hvi A_ GevZì vb I
mgq|
gxKvZ wbw`KiYi wnKZg:
hLb evBZzjvn mvwbZ I ghv`vc~Y ZLb Avjvn Zvqvjv Zvi
Rb GK Kjv wbw` KiQb Avi Zv njv gv| Zvi mxgviLv
KiQb Avi Zv njv nvivg| nvivgi Rb wKQz nvivg iqQ
mjv nQ gxKvZ| Gjv nR I DgviKvixi Rb Bnivg euvav
Qvov AwZg Kiv RvqR bB| Avi Bnv Avjvn Zvqvjv Ges Zuvi
Nii ghv`vi RbB|
gxKvZi cKvi:
gxKvZmg~n `ycKvi:
1. mgq: kvIqvj, whjK` I whjnR gvm|
2. vb: H mKj vb hLvb _K nR I DgivKvix Bnivg euvae|
gxKvZ cuvPwU:
1. hyjjvBdv: Bnv g`xbvevmx I Gi Dci w`q hviv AwZg
Kie Zvì gxKvZ| gv nZ cvq 420 wK: wg:| Bnv gv
nZ mePq `~ii gxKvZ| Gi Aci bvg Iqv`x AvKxK
Ges Gi gmwRì bvg gmwR` kvRviv| Bnv g`xbv _K
`wY w`K gmwR` beex _K 13 wK: wg:| G eiKZgq
DcZKvq mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv gyvnve|
2. Ryndv: Bnv kvg (wmwiqv), wgmi I hviv Gi eivei Ges hviv
Gi Dci w`q AwZg Kie Zvì Rb| Bnv iveM Mvgi
wbKU| gv nZ cvq 186 wK: wg:| eZgvb gvbyl iveM
nZB Bnivg euva hv H Mvgi cwg w`K AewZ|
3. Bqvjvgjvg: Bnv Bqvgb I hviv Gi eivei Ges Gi Dci w`q
AwZg Kie Zvì Rb gxKvZ| Bqvjvgjvg gv nZ cvq
nR I Dgivi Aavq
230
nRi gxKvZmg~n
120 wK: wg: `~i GKwU DcZKv| GLb BnvK mvw`qvn

ejv nq|
4. Kvibyj gvbvwRj: Bnv bvR` I Zvqdevmx I hviv Gi eivei
Ges hviv Gi Dci w`q AwZg Kie Zvì gxKvZ| GLb
Bnv mvBjyj Kvexi bvg cwm| Bnv gv _K cvq 75 wK:
wg: `~i AwewZ Ges Bnivg euvavi DcZKv Kvibyj
gvbvwRji DuPz Ask|
5. hvZz BiK&: Bnv BivK I hviv Gi eivei Ges Gi Dci w`q
AwZg Kie Zvì gxKvZ| Bnv GKwU DcZKv hvK
hixevn ejv nq| Bnv gv nZ cvq 100 wK: wg: `~i
AewZ|
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g`xbvevmxi Rb hyj jvBdv, kvgevmxì Rb Ryndv,
bvRèvmxì Rb Kvibyj gvbvwRj Ges Avnj Bqvgbi Rb
Bqvjvgjvg gxKvZ wbw` KiQb| Gjv Zvì Rb Ges hviv
Iì Qvov Gi Dci w`q AwZg Kie Zvì RbI| h nR I
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hLvb mLvb _KB Bnivg euvae| GgbwK Avnj gv, gv
_KB Bnivg euvae|1
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h ew gv nZ nR Kivi BQv Kie m mLvb _K
Bnivg euvae| Avi hw` nvivg GjvKvi evwni nZ Bnivg euva
1
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nR I Dgivi Aavq
231
nRi gxKvZmg~n
ZeyI h_ ne| Avi gvevmx I Abvbiv Dgivi Bnivgi Rb

nvivgi mxgvbvi evBi wMq Bnivg euvaZ ne| hgb Zvbqxg
hLvb gmwR` Avqkv (iv:) A_ev wRivbv nZ| nvivgi
Gwiqvi evBi hLvb nZ mnR ne mLvb _KB Bnivg euvae|
hw` Dgivi Bnivg nvivgi Gwiqvi wfZi nZ euva Ze Bnivg
nq hve| wK nvjvj _K Bnivg euvav ZvM Kivi Rb Zvi cwZ
Kzievwb Ìqv IqvwRe ne|
Bnivg euvav Qvov nR I DgivKvixi Rb gxKvZ AwZg Kivi
weavb:
1. Bnivg euvav Qvov nR I DgivKvixi Rb gxKvZ AwZg Kiv
RvqR bB| Avi h Bnivg euvav QvovB gxKvZ AwZg Kie Zvi
Rb gxKvZ wdi hvIqv Ges mLvb nZ Bnivg euvav Riwi| hw`
gxKvZ wdi bv hvq Ges h_vvb _KB Bnivg euva Ze Zvi nR
I Dgiv mnxn nq hve Ze Zvi cwZ Kzievwb Kiv IqvwRe nq
hve| Avi hw` gxKvZi AvMB Bnivg euva Ze Bnivg mnxn nq
hve wK gKin ne|
2. h ew nR ev Dgivi wbqZ QvovB gxKvZ AwZg Kie|
AZ:ci bZzb Ki nR ev Dgivi wbqZ Kie m nRi Rb h
Kvb vb _K Bnivg euvae| Avi Kej gv Dgiv nj nvivg
wbqZ Kij Zvi Gwiqvi evBi wMq nvjvj vb nZ Bnivg
euvae| Avi hw` nvjvj wbqZ Ki Ze hLvb wbqZ Kie
mLvb nZB Bnivg euvae|
gvevmx Bdiv` ev Kivb nRi Bnivg gv nZ euvae| Avi
ay Dgiv ev nR Zvgvzi Rb nvivg Gwiqv nZ ei nq
nvjvj GjvKv hgb: Zvbqxg ev wRivbv BZvw` _K Bnivg
euvae|
wegvb Bnivg euvavi cwZ:
nR ev Dgiv A_ev nR-Dgiv DfqwU KiZ BQzK ew
wegvbi hvw nj wZwb wegvb c_i gxKvZ eivei nj mLvbB
nR I Dgivi Aavq
232
nRi gxKvZmg~n
Bnivg euvae| Bnivgi Kvco cwiavb Kieb| Gici Bnivgi

wbqZ Kieb| hw` cyil gvbyli m Zvi Bnivgi Kvco bv
_vK Ze cvRvgv-cvU ciB Bnivg euvae Ges gv_v Lyj
ivLe| hw` cvRvgv-cvU bv _vK Ze mvU-cvvwe ciB Bnivg
euvae Ges wegvb _K AeZiY Ki Bnivgi Kvco q Ki
ci wbe|
Rv wegvb eì cuQ mLvb _K Bnivg euvav RvqR
bB| hw` ZvB Ki Ze mLvb nZ mePq wbKUi gxKvZ wMq
Bnivg euvae| Avi hw` gxKvZ bv wMq wegvb eì ev gxKvZi
wfZi _KB Bnivg euva Ze Zvi cwZ GKwU c RevB Kiv
IqvwRe ne|
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Beb Avevm [] KZK ewYZ wZwb ejb: bex [] Avgvì
Rb AvivdvZi gq`vb Lyrev c`vb Kib| wZwb [] ejb: h
ew jyw cve bv m cvRvgv cie| Avi h mj-RyZv cve bv
m Pvgovi gvRv cie|1
`ywU gxKvZi Dci w`q AwZgKvixi weavb:
nR ev DgivKvix `ywU gxKvZ nq AwZg Kij c_gwU
_KB Bnivg euvav IqvwRe| myZivs Kvb gkix ev wmixq wKsev
givevmx BZvw` hw` Zvì Avmj gxKvZ Ryndvn cuQvi c~e
g`xbvevmxi gxKvZ hyjjvBdvn nq AwZg Ki, Zvnj
hyjjvBdvn nZB ZvìK Bnivg euvaZ ne, Zvì gxKvZ
ch ìx Kiv hve bv; KviY gxKvZ Zvi Awaevmx I hviv Zvi
cvk w`q nR ev Dgiv Kivi Dk AwZg Kie mevi Rb|
1
233
nR I Dgivi Aavq
Bnivgi eYbv
3- Bnivgi eYbv
Bnivg: nR ev Dgiv Kivi wbqZ Gev`Z cek Kivi bvg
Bnivg|
Bnivgi nKgZ: Avjvn Zvqvjv Zuvi evBZzj nvivgi nvivg I
gxKvZ wbaviY KiQb hv nvivg cekKvixi Rb AwZg
Kiv Pje bv| wK hLb wbw` Aev I wbqZ ne ZLb
Pje|
gvi nvivg kixdi mxgvbv:
cwg w`K _K: gvBmx (`vqweqv) hv gmwR` nvivg _K
Rvi ivvq 22 wK: wg: `~i AewZ|
c~e w`K _K: Zqdi ivvq Divbv DcZKvi cwg cvk nZ|
gmwR` nvivg nZ 15 wK: wg:| Rivbvi w`K _K
gvRvwnw`bi c_| gmwR` nvivg nZ cvq 16 wK: wg:
Di w`K _K: ZvbCg gmwR` nvivg _K cvq 7 wK: wg:|
`wY w`K _K:AvhvZz jxb Bqvgbi ivv| gmwR` nvivg
_K cvq 12 wK: wg:|
Bnivg euvavi cwZ:
nR A_ev DgivKvixi c mybZ nQ Mvmj Kiv, cwivicwiQb nIqv, kixi AvZi eenvi Kiv I mjvB wenxb `ywU mv`v
Kvco (jyx, Pvì) Ges RyZv-mj cwiavb Kiv| gwnjvì
Rb gvwmK ev cmeMZ FZzeZx njI Mvmj Kiv mybZ| Ze
cvkvKi kixi XvKvi gZ h Kvb cvkvK ciZ cvie|
wK bvgx-`vgx UvBU dxU I cyil ev weRvZxqì dvkb hvZ bv
nq|
hw` me nq Ze Kvb diR bvgvRi ci Bnivg euvav mybZ;
wK Bnivgi Dk Kvb wekl mvjvZ bB| Ze
ZvwnqvZzj gmwR` wKsev ZvwnqvZzj Ihy A_ev PvkZi
nR I Dgivi Aavq
234
Bnivgi eYbv
`yivKvZ mvjvZ co hw` Zv i Ki Ze Kvb Avcw bB|

Dgiv A_ev nRi hUvB nvK gb gb Zvi wbqZ Ki wbe|
Bnivg civ I Zvi `vqv cov mvjvZv gmwR` nvK ev
MvwoZ AvivnY Ki wKejvgyLx nq nvK DfqB mybZ| eZ:
Zvjweqv cvV nRi cZxK|
BnivgKvixi c ^xq Gev`Zi bvg DjL Kiv mybZ hgb:
DgivKvix eje jvevBKv DgivZvb ay nRKvix eje
jvevBKv nvvb Kivb nRKvix eje jvevBKv DgivZvb
Iqv nvvb ZvgvzKvix eje jvevBKv DgivZvb| Avi nR
cvjbKvix ew GI eje:
$ ; ' Z @ B \[ %= Z $V /F XW YW * @
Avjvv nvwhwn nvvbZzb jvv wiqvvqv dxnvv, Iqv jvv mygqvn&
A_: n Avjvn G nR gvbyli wbKU Kvb c`kb I LvwZ ARb
Kvgbv bB|
IRii KviY nvjvj nIqvi kZ Kivi weavb:
BnivgKvix Amy A_ev fxZ nj Bnivg euvavi mgq GK_v
ejv mybZ|
ES
F G
D F ]2
' B Q
^ F W S
F ( !
Bb nvevmvbx nvvwemby dvgvwnjx nvqQz nvevm&Zvbx
A_: hw` AvgvK Kvb evav`vbKvix evav w`q dj Ze Avwg
mB vbB nvjvj nq hve, hLvb AvgvK Zzwg _vwgq wè|
GZ Ki hw` ZvK evav c`vbKvix Kvb e cq hvq A_ev Zvi
ivM eo hvq, Ze m c RevB bv KiB nvjvj nq hve| Avi
hw` kZ bv Ki Zvnj Zvi cwZ `vg IqvwRe nq hve, m c
RevB Kivi ci nvjvj ne|
nR I Dgivi Aavq
235
Bnivgi eYbv
1. Avjvni evYx:
I
.[/]
H
Avi Zvgiv nR I Dgiv Avjvni Dk cwic~Yfve cvjb Ki|

hw` Zvgiv evavcv nI, Zvnj nvwì Rb hvwKQy mnRjf, ZvB
Zvgvì Dci avh| Avi Zvgiv ZZY ch gv_v gyb Kie bv,
hZY bv nvw` h_vvb ucQ hve| [m~iv evKviv:196]
.- Mb ,
$ K
`
W D a = ) O 7 :,
@ ` K= $ 4
_

:@ PB f$e ; d ! 0& d > `
W :,
c<2
( L
7 = > 6
; :@ P B
. ER S
F G
D R F R
R]2
9 R @ :aR
RD h- ER i R
Rg/F
. J1E9
2. Avqkv [iv:] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn [] hyevev we

RyevB [iv:]-Gi wbKU cek Ki wRvmv Kijb:Zzwg eywS nR
Kivi BQv KiQ? m ejj, Avjvni Kmg! Avwg e_v Abyfe
KiwQ| wZwb [] ZvK ejjb:nR Ki Ges Avjvv gvwnjx
nvqmy nvevvbx ej kZ Ki|1
Zvjweqv cvVi eYbv:
1. Bnivg euvavi ci ev hvbevnb AvivnY Ki Avjvni nvg`,
(Avjnvg`y wjjvn) Zmwen (myenvvbvjvn) I ZKwei (Avjv
AvKevi) ej Zvjweqv cvV Kiv mybZ| Zvjweqv njv:
f6( ' ( 6
$ ' ; g & ' 2
( ! f6 6
6
%- i Z 6
f6 @ 6

6
6
%- i Z
236
nR I Dgivi Aavq
Bnivgi eYbv
[jvevBKv Avjvv jvevBK, jvevBKv jvv kvixKv jvKv jvevBK,

Bbvjnvg`v IqvbwbgvZv jvKv IqvjgyjK, jvv kvixKv jvK]
n Avjvn! Avwg DcwZ, n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi Avnvb
DcwZ, Zvgvi Kvb kwiK bB, Avwg Zvgvi Avnvb DcwZ|
wbqB mKj cksmv, bqvgZ I ivRZ ZvgviB, Zvgvi Kvb
kwiK bB|1
R! 6
:
g $ ( A
9 8 : : - %- * >

.d9
_S d-O>
. gJ2
(
2- Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: bex Kixg []-Gi

Zvjweqvi ga GKwU njv: [jvevBKv Bjvvnvjnv] n cKZ
gvey` Avwg Zvgvi WvK nvwRi|2
Zvjweqv cvVi dwRjZ:
R9 R9 :

D a= : &. ;
) @

REF = & 9 > - /
i > - /
F
9 'i
> '%

9 ! g % S
9
.F9
lY9-E d-O>
. * * * *

9 j
= +( k N P A
mvnj Beb mv` [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb im~jyjvn []

ejQb: Kvb gymjgvb ew Zvjweqv cvV Kij Zvi Wvb w`K I
evg w`Ki cv_i I e Zvi mv_ Zvjweqv cvV KiZ _vK, hv
cw_exi Gw`K Iw`K ch wMq kl nq|3
BnivgKvixi c ewk ewk Zvjweqv cvV Kiv mybZ| cyil I
gwnjv ^k Zv cvV Kie hZY bv dZbvi Avkv `Lv
`q, KLbI Zvjweqv cvV Kie, KLbI jvv Bjvvnv BjvjvnGi wRwKi Kie, Avevi KLbI ZKwei coe|
1
. eyLvix nvt bs 1549, gymwjg nvt bs 1184

. nv`xmwU mnxn, bvmvqx nvt bs 2752 kjv ZviB, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 2920
3
. nv`xmwU mnxn, wZiwghx nvt bs 828 k ZviB, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 291
2
nR I Dgivi Aavq
237
Bnivgi eYbv
Dgivi Zvjweqv ZIqvd i nIqvi mv_ mv_ e nq hve|

Avi nRi Zvjweqv Cì w`b kl Ki ev cv_i wbci
gvag e ne|
mvevjK ew hLb nR ev Dgivi wbqZ Kie ZLb Zv c~Y Kiv
Zvi Dci Acwinvh nq ùvovq| cvi bvevjKi c
ZgbwU bq, Kbbv m kixqZ cvjbi eva-evaKZvi
AvIZvaxb bq| Avi bv diR IqvwRe Zvi Dci eZvq|
nvRx mvnei cwZ hv Kiv IqvwRe:
nvRx mvne I hviv nvRx bv mevi Dci cyYi KvR Kiv I
cvc eRb Kiv Acwinvh|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
N M L K J I H G F E DC B Am
_ ^]\ [ Z Y XWV U T S R QPO
:
l b a `
nRi wbw` gvm iqQ| AZGe, h ew GjvZ nRK

AeavwiZ Ki wbe m hbvPvi, cvcvPvi I evK-weZvq wj ne
bv| Avi Zvgiv hv wKQy fvj Ki Zv Avjvn AeMZ iqQb| Avi
Zvgiv cv_q ARb Ki eZ: mevrK cv_q nQ ZvKIqv|
Zvgiv AvgvK fq Ki n eywgvb mgvR|" [m~iv evKviv: 197]
Bnivg Aevq wbwl KvRmg~n:
hme Kvhvw` Bnivg Aevq mv`b Kiv wbla mjvK
gvnh~ivZyj Bnivg ej|
Q
R(% R9 a= % ed = > '@ K
= - '
&

fo
' PD ( Q
( % :
D a= c m
]n
9 3 - 2
' (
; 0 & /
% &^ F > ! fp
1U
( fQ
0 -( fL
% -S f _'; (
nR I Dgivi Aavq
238
Bnivgi eYbv
S9 eq i m
]n
9 aS( A f
; C (
9 ) 1 > '@ ; N P( ( f
1O Q
( ( B
. J1E9.
^ =
> D -1 b
Avyjvn Beb Dgi [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, GK ew wRvmv

Kij n Avjvni im~j [] gynwig ew wK cvkvK ciZ cvie?
Di im~jyjvn [] ejjb: m cvvex, cvMwo, cvqRvgv, Uzwc I
gvRv ciZ cvie bv| wK h ew RyZv cve bv m gvRv cie
Ze Zvi UvLbyi wbP ch KU dje| Avi Ggb cvkvK cie
bv hvZ Rvdivb ev myMw jMQ|1

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
bvix-cyil cZK gynwig ewi Dci hv wbwl:

gv_vi Pzj gyvbv ev QvU Kiv|
nvZ I cvqi bL KvUv|
cyil ewi c gv_v XK ivLv|
cyil ewi c mjvBKZ cvkvK cwiavb Kiv, Zv c~Y
kixii gvc nvK hgb: cvvex ev DcwifvMi AaKi gvc
nvK hgb: Mx ev wbPi fvMi AaKi gvc nvK hgb:
nvZi nvZ gvRv, cvqi cv gvRv I gv_vi
cvMwo, Uzwc BZvw`|
kixi ev cvkvK h Kvb cKvi myMw jvMvbv|
jfvMi nvjvj cvYx nZv Kiv ev wkKvi Kiv|
weevn eb mb Kiv|
gwnjvi PnvivK bKve ev gyLveiY viv (hv Pvgovi mv_
jM _vK) AveZ Kiv I nvZK nvZ gvRv viv XvKv|
xi m mnevm: Bnv mePq gvivZK wbwl KvR| hw`
cv_wgK chvqi nvjvji c~e nq _vK Ze ^vgx-x Dfqi
nR web ne| GZ Zviv cvcx mve ne| ZvZ DU viv
Kvddviv w`Z ne| evwK KvR mb Kie Ges cieZx eQi
nR I Dgivi Aavq
239
Bnivgi eYbv
Zv KvRv KiZ ne| cvi Zv hw` wZxq chvqi nvjvji

c~e nq _vK Ze Zvi nR web ne bv; wK m cvcx ne
Ges Zvi Dci wd`qv (mnR Kvddviv) I Mvmj diR ne|
10. jvvb Qvov Ab vb NlY viv hw` exh wbMZ Ki dj,
Ze nR b ne bv Avi bv Zvi Bnivg b ne Ze m cvcx
mve ne| Avi Zvi Dci QvMj RevB Kivi Kvddviv
AvivwcZ ne|
cyili c nvd ev dzj gvRvmn Bnivg evav ea bq| Ze
hw` RyZv bv cvq Zvnj Dci _K KU Pvgovi gvRv ci
wbe| gvRv ejZ IKB eySvq hvi viv cvqi wMU XK
hvq| Avi gynwig gwnjvi c nvd ev dzj gvRv cwiavb Kiv
ea wK nvZ gvRv gynwig bvix ev cyil KD ciZ cvie
bv| hgb: BwZc~e DjL nqQ|
wbwl KvRi gwnjv cyili gZB, Ze mjvBKZ
cvkvK Qvov| ZvB m kvjxbZv eRvq iL h Kvb cvkvK
ciZ cvie| Avi Zvi gv_v XvKe I ci cyili DcwwZZ
Pnvivi Dci Dobv Ub wè| gynwig bvixì Rb AjsKvi
eenvi Kiv ea|
cv_wgK chvqi nvjvj nIqvi ci nvRx ewi c x wgjb
eZxZ meKvR ea nq hvq| Avi Zv ARb nq kl Rvgivq
Ki wbci gvag| Ze h ew c mv_ Ki wbq
wMqQ Zvi nvjvj nIqv Ki wbci mv_ Kzievwb Kivi
DciI wbfikxj|
gynwigv bvixi hw` gvwmK FZz Avi nq Zvi weavb:
ZvgvzKvwiYx gwnjv hw` ZIqvdi c~e FZzeZx nq co Ges
nR QyU hvIqvi Avkveva Ki Ze m nRi wbqZ Kie Ges
KivbKvwiYxZ cwiYZ nq hve| Zvi gZ IRi MiI GKB
Aev ne| gvwmK ev cmevi FZzeZx ZIqvd eZxZ Ab
240
nR I Dgivi Aavq
Bnivgi eYbv
meKvR Ki hve| hw` ZIqvd Aevq (ZvgvzKvwiYx) gwnjvi

gvwmK Gm hvq Ze m ZIqvd _K ewiq coe Ges nRi
wbqZ Ki KivbKvwiYxZ cwiYZ ne|
gynwigi c hme KvR ea:
gynwig ewi c PzZ` R, gyiMx BZvw` hen Kiv ea|
Zgwb m K`vqK AvgY cej cvYxK nvivgi wfZi I evwni
nZv KiZ cvie| hgb : wmsn, LuKwkqvj, wPZvevN, mvc, weQy
I Bu`yi| G Qvov cZK K`vqK cvYx hgb : wUKwUwK (GK
c_g AvNvZ gi djvB Dg) Ges Zvi c RjfvMi cvYx
wkKvi I Avnvi Kiv ea|
N M L K J IH G F E D C B Am

:
l W V U T S R QP O
Zvgvì Rb mgyì wkKvi I Dnv fY nvjvj Kiv nqQ|

Zvgvì I chUKì fvMi Rb| Zvgiv hZY Bnivg
Aevq _vKe ZZY ji wkKvi Zvgvì Rb nvivg| Avi
Zvgiv AvjvnK fq Ki hvi wbKU Zvgvì GK Kiv ne|
[m~iv gvwq`v: 96]
J aB Q
^ ' O :
g
@ K
= $ 4
_

. J1E9.= aDP; (
s
( C ( m
-r ( %& 2
( m
- P( ; ( :D = +( 1 ( 3- 2
( B
( EP( %
2. Avqkv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [] ejQb:

cuvPwU Aeva cvYx hjvK nvivgi GjvKvqI nZv Kiv hve:
nR I Dgivi Aavq
241
Bnivgi eYbv
(1) weQy (2) Bu`yi (3) wPj (4) KvK (5) AvgYKvix c hgb:
wmsn, evN I KzKzi BZvw`|1
gynwig ewi c Bnivgi Kvco cwiavbi ci Mvmj Kiv
ev gv_v I Kvco avqv ea Ges Zvi c Kvco e`jvbvI
Rvqh| Zvi c icvi AvswU PvLi Pkgv, Kvbi Bqvi dvb
I nvZ Nwo civ ea| e I RyZv civ ea hwÌ Zv gwkb
mjvBKZ nq| Zvi c e_v ev Ab Kvb KviYekZ: wkv
jvMvbv I myigv eenvi ea|
gynwig ewi Rb myM dzji NvY bIqv Ges Zvey, QvZv, Qv`
I Mvwoi Qvqv MnY ea| gv_v PzjKvbv ea hw` ZvZ Pzj
coI hvq|
h ew Kzievwbi wbqZ Ki mB mv_ `kB whjnRi nRI
KiQ m Bnivgi c~e kixi (Pvgov) Pzj I bLi wKQyB hb
bv KvU, Ze Zvgvz nRKvix nj gv_v gyvbv A_ev Pzj QvU
Kie, Kbbv gv_v gyvbv ev Pzj QvU Kiv nRi KvRi
Afy|
gynwig ew gviv Mj hv KiYxq:
E F =
k #( ! $ B - ; t
^ )V d = ' : @ K
=

= & \v ' X aDS
W ?( :
M E u
+B > E u
a B
.Rxg 9 $ 9 P ( 3 a % G
D ; % 0T B >(= -g'U
A X aDNg2
A
a w B X a]18
. J1E9
Beb Avevm [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb h, bex Kixg []-Gi

mv_ Avgiv gynwig Aevq wQjvg, Ggwb mgq GK ew ^xq evnb
_K co Nvo gUK gviv hvq | bex [] ejjb: ZvK cvwb I
Kzj cvZv viv Mvmj `vI Ges (Bnivgi) `ywU KvcoB Kvdb
1
.eyLvix nvt bs 1829 gymwjg nvt bs 1198 k ZviB
nR I Dgivi Aavq
242
Bnivgi eYbv
mi `vI| Zvi Mvq myMw jvMve bv| Avi gv_v XvKe bv; Kbbv
Avjvn Zvqvjv ZvK wKqvgZ wèm Zvjweqvn cvViZ Aevq
DVveb|1
.eyLvix nvt bs 1267 k ZviB gymwjg nvt bs 1206
nR I Dgivi Aavq
243
wd`qvi eYbv
4-wd`qv bvgK (Kvd&dviv)

Bnivg Aevq wd`qv mvc wbwl KvRjv Pvi cKvi:
1. hvZ g~jZ Kvb wd`qv cqvRb nq bv hgb : weevn eb
mb Kiv|
2. hvZ k Kvd&dviv w`Z nq hgb: nR cv_wgK chvqi
nvjvji c~eB x wgjb Kiv| Gi Kvddviv DU RevB Kiv|
3. hvZ Zvi e`jv A_ev mggvbi cvYx RevB KiZ nq hgb :
j Pii cvYx wkKvi Kiv|
4. hvZ wd`qvZz Avhv (mnR Kvddviv) Avm| Bnv Abvb wbwl
KvRjvZ hgb : Pzj gyvbv, myMw eenvi BZvw`|
h ew Amy nq A_ev IRiM nq x wgjb Qvov c~e
DwjwLZ h Kvb wbwl KvR Kie hgb : gv_vi Pzj gyvbv,
mjvBKZ Kvco cwiavb BZvw` Zvnj Zvi c Zv ea ne
Ges Zvi Dci QvMj RevB Kivi Kvd&dviv eZve|
mnR Kvd&dvivq wZbwUi h Kvb GKwU MnYi myhvM iqQ:
1. wZb w`b ivRv ivLv|
2. QqRb wgmwKbK Lvevi `vb, cZK wgmwKb cwZ Avav mv
Z_v 1 KwR 20 Mvg Mg, Pvj, LRyi BZvw` A_ev cZK
wgmwKb cwZ cPwjZ c_v Abyhvqx Lvevi LvIqvbv|
3. GKwU QvMj RevB Kiv|
Avjvn Zvqvjv Gikv` Kib:
l m
yz{ ::-P
nR I Dgivi Aavq
244
wd`qvi eYbv
Zvgvì ga h ew Amy ne A_ev Zvi gv_vq K`vqK KxU

`Lv wè ZvK ivRv, mv`Kv, A_ev Kzievwb viv wd`qv w`Z
ne| [m~iv evKviv: 196]
ivRv h Kvb RvqMvq ivLjB h_ ne Ze Lvevi `vb I
RevB Kiv Kej gvi (nvivgi GjvKvq) dwKiì gvSB
nZ ne|
Bnivg Aevq wbwl KvR h Kie Zvi weavb:
h ew wbwl Kvb KvR ARv, fyj A_ev eva nq Ki
dje Zvi Kvb cvc bB| Avi bv Kvb wd`qv AvQ| Ze ZvK
ZvrwYK Dnv cwinvi KiZ ne| Avi h ew cqvRb
BQvc~eK Gme Kie Zvi cvc bB Ze wd`qv AvQ| cvi h
ew Kvb IRi QvovB BQvKZ Gme KvR Kie Zvi Dci cvcmn
wd`qv eZve|
jPi cvYx wkKvi Kivi wd`qv:
h ew gynwig Aevq BQvKZ Kvb jPi cvYx wkKvi
Kie, m hw` Zvi mgvb Kvb cvYx _vK Zvnj ZvB RevB
Ki nvivgi (gvi) wgmwKbì LvIqve| A_ev Gi g~j ai Zv
viv Lvevi q Ki wgmwKbìK LvIqve| cZK wgmwKb cwZ
Avav mv cvq 1KwR 20Mvg A_ev cZK wgmwKbi Lvevii
cwieZ GKw`b Ki ivRv ivLe| Ze hw` Gi mgvb Kvb cvYx
bv _vK, Zvnj Zvi g~j ai Lvevi wè, A_ev Gi cwieZ
ivRv ivLe|
m

nR I Dgivi Aavq
245
:
wd`qvi eYbv
l
n gywgb mc`vq! Zvgiv Bnivg Aevq j cvYx wkKvi Kiv

bv, Zvgvì gaKvi h ew BQvc~eK Dnv nZv Kie Zvi
e`jv `qv IqvwRe ne hv nZvKZ ci mgZzj| D wmv
Zvgvì gaKvi `yRb wek ew MnY Kie, Zv ne Ggb
cvYx hv Kvev ch cuQve, A_ev Kvddviv îc (cvYxi g~j
ai) wgmwKbì Lvevi wè, bv nq Gi cwigvY ivRv ivLe|
[m~iv gvwq`v: 95]
nR I Dgvivq x mnevm Kij Zvi wd`qv:
1. nRi ga cv_wgK chvqi nvjvji c~e x wgjb Kij Zvi
wd`qv ne DU viv| Avi hw` Zvi mvg_ bv _vK Ze nR mdi
wZb w`b Ges evwoZ wdi mvZ w`b ivRv ivLe| Avi hw` Zv
cv_wgK chvqi nvjvji ci nq _vK, Ze mnR Kvddviv
chvR ne| G gwnjv cyili gZB ne| wK hw` m
evaKZ nq _vK Zvnj GgbwU ne bv|
2. h ew Dgiv Av`vq Kvj mvqx A_ev Pzj KvUvi c~e ^xq xi
mv_ wgjb wj ne Zvi Dci mnR wd`qv (Kvddviv) eZve|
nvivg kixdi Gwiqvi MvQ KvUv I wkKvi nZv Kivi weavb:
gynwig I h gynwig bv mevi Dci nvivg gxi BhwLi Nvm I
gvbyli Avev`x dmjvw` Qvov e I Nvm Dcovbv nvivg| wK D
KvRi Dci Kvb wd`qv (Kvddviv) eZve bv| nvivgi GjvKvq
wkKvi RevB KivI nvivg| h Kie Zvi Dci wd`qv IqvwRe
ne| g`xbvi wkKvi I e KZb nvivg| Ze ZvZ wd`qv bB;
wK wkKviKvixK fxwZ c`kb g~jK kvw c`vb Kiv ne Ges m
cvcx ej MY ne| Gi Nvm _K ci cqvRbxq Lvevi MnY
Kiv Pje| cw_exZ gv-g`xbv Qvov Avi nvivg kixd ejZ
Kvb vb bB|
nR I Dgivi Aavq
246
wd`qvi eYbv
g`xbvi nvivgi Gwiqv:

c~e w`K _K c~e mgZj AvevwmK GjvKv, cwg w`K _K
cwg mgZj AvevwmK GjvKv| Di w`K _K D` cvnvoi
wcQb AewZ mvIi bvgK cvnvo, `wY w`K _K Bi bvgK
cvnvo hvi Di cvk AvKxK DcZKv AewZ|
GKB aiYi wbwl KvR evievi Kij Zvi weavb:
h ew GKB aiYi wbwl KvR GKvwaKevi Ki dj Ges
KvbUvi wd`qv (Rwigvbv) Av`vq bv Ki _vK m GKwU gv
wd`qv wè| wK wkKvii evcvi Gi wecixZ| GKvwaKevi
wbwl KvR hgb: gv_v gyvb Ges myMw eenvi BZvw` cZK
cKvii Rb c_K Rwigvbv Av`vq KiZ ne|
Bnivg Aevq weevn eb nvivg, KijI Zv we ne bv|
Avi GZ Kvb Rwigvbv bB| Ze ZvjvK ivRqxi x diZ
bqv Pje|
h ew Bnivg Aevq Kvb IqvwRe Qo wè Zvi Dci
Rwigvbv eZve|
Kvi Dci nvw` IqvwRe:
Zvgvz I Kivb nRKvixi Dci c RevB Kiv diR| hw`
Zviv gmwR` nvivgi cwZewk bv nq| Avi nvwì c nQ: QvMj
bv nq GKwU Mi wKsev DUi mvZ fvMi GK fvM| h ew nvwì
c cve bv A_ev AcviM ne m `kwU ivRv cvjb Kie| 3wU
nRi mdi Avivdvi w`bi c~e A_ev ci klwU 13ZvwiLi
gaB nIqvB Dg| Avi Aewk 7wU evwo divi ci ivLe|
gydwi` ewi Rb Kvb c RevB Kiv jvMe bv|
m

247
nR I Dgivi Aavq
:
wd`qvi eYbv
l
h ew nRi mv_ DgivK wgwjq Av`vq Kie Zvi c

mvagZ nvw` RevB Kiv DwPZ| Avi hvi mvg_ bvB m nR 3wU
Ges 7wU evwo divi ci ivRv ivLe, GB gvU c~Y 10wU ivRv|
G nQ m ewi c hvi evmvb gmwR` nvivgi cv``k
bq| Zvgiv AvjvnK fq Ki Avi Rb ivL h, AekB Avjvn
KwVb kvw `vZv| [m~iv evKviv: 196]
nRi me aibi c RevB I Lvevi Ges eb meB
nvivg Gwiqvi wgmwKbì ga mxgve| Ki wd`qv ev
(mjvBhy) Rvgv cwiavb BZvwì wd`qv mLvbB `vb Kiv
Pje h vb KviY `Lv wè| nvivg Gwiqvq wkKvii e`jv
nvivgB wè| Avi ivRv h Kvb vb ivLjB Pje|
Zvgvz I Kivb nRi nvwì ci MvkZ wbR LvIqv, AbK
nvw`qv `qv I nvivgi wgmwKbì LvIqvbv mybZ|
nR evavcv ewi Dci mvagZ c RevB Kiv IqvwRe|
AZ:ci m gv_v gyve| wK hw` c bv cvq Ze GgwbZB
nvjvj nq hve ZvZ Zvi Dci wKQy Riwi ne bv|
h wkKvii Abyic cvYx AvQ Avi h wkKvii Abyic cvYx
bB Zvi weavb:
1. h wkKvii Abyic cvYx AvQ hgb : DU cvLx ZvZ GKwU Dx
w`Z ne| Avi eb Mvav, eb Mvfx, cvnvox QvMj I cyil nwiY
nj ZvZ Mvfx w`Z ne| nvqbvZ gl ev fov, nwiYxZ QvMj,
he& Z_v mvvZ QvU QvMji evPv, Rsjx Bu`yi eo QvMji evPv,
LiMvk QvMji gq evPv, KeyZi I Zvi Abyic GKwU QvMj|
G Qvov Ab wKQz nj `yRb bqcivqY Awf ew hv dqmvjv
Kieb ZvB KiZ ne|
nR I Dgivi Aavq
248
wd`qvi eYbv
2. h wkKvii Abyic cvYx bB Zvi g~j wbYq Ki UvKv viv

Lv` q Ki cZK wgmwKbK GK gy` (625 Mvg) Ki `vb
Kie A_ev gyì msLvbycvZ ivRv ivLe|
nRi ga wewfb cKvi `g:
1. Zvgvz I Kivbi `g| G _K nvRx mvne wbR Lveb,
AbìK nvw`qv wèb I dwKi-wgmwKbì LvIqveb|
2. wd`qv g~jK `g| h ew Bnivg Aevq Kvb wbwl KvR
Ki dj hgb : gv_vi Pzj gyvbv, mjvBhy Kvb cvkvK
cwiavb Kiv BZvw`|
3. jfvMi Kvb wkKvix nZvi e`jv wnme cvYx RevB Kiv|
4. kZ Kiwb Ggb ew nRi Kvhvw` A_ev Kvev Ni cek
_K evavcv nj Zvi `g|
5. Bnivg _K nvjvj nIqvi c~e x wgjb Kivi Rb `g|
klv Pvi cKvi `g _K nvRx mvne wbR Lveb bv eis RevB
Ki gvi (nvivgi Gwiqvq AewZ) dwKiì gvS weZiY Ki
wèb|
nvivgi evwni Mvk&Z cvVvbvi weavb:
nvRx ewi RevB wZb cKvii nq _vK:
1. Zvgvz I Kivb nRi nvw` GUv nvivgi Gwiqvq RevB Ki
wbR Lve, dwKiì LvIqve Ges PvBj Zv evBiI cvVvZ
cvie|
2. wkKvi, K, IqvwRe ZvM wKsev wbwl KvR Kivi e`j hv
nvivg Gwiqvq RevB Kiv ne Zvi meUzKz nvivg Gwiqvi dwKiì
Rb, G _K nvRx mvne wbRI LZ cvieb bv|
3. nvivg Gwiqvi evBi hv RevB Kiv nq hgb: evavcv ewi
wd`qv A_ev wkKvii e`jv Ab Kvb KviYekZ: RevBKZ cvYxi
nR I Dgivi Aavq
249
wd`qvi eYbv
gvsm, GUv RevB Gi vb ev Ab h Kvb vb weZiY Kiv hve;

wK nvRx mvne Zv _K Lveb bv|
250
nR I Dgivi Aavq
nRi cKvi
5- nRi cKvimg~n
nR wZb cKvi:
(1) Zvgvz (2) Kivb (3) Bdiv`|
1. nR Zvgvzi cwZ:
nRi gvmmg~n Dgivi wbqZ Ki Zv mb Kiv| AZ:ci
D eQi gv A_ev Zr cvkeZx GjvKv _K nRi Dk
Bnivg euvav| Dgivi mgq eje:
:e - ' 6
@
[Avjvv jvevBKv Dgivn]
n Avjvn! Dgivi Dk Zvgvi WvK nvwRi|
2. nR Kivbi cwZ:
GKB mv_ Dgiv I nRi Dk Bnivg euvav| A_ev c_g
nRi Dk Bnivg euvae| AZ:ci Zvi mv_ DgivK Rwoq
wè| Gi iZ eje:
/F :e - ' 6
@
[Avjvv jvevBKv DgivZvb Iqv nvvb]
n Avjvn! Dgiv I nRi Dk Zvgvi WvK nvwRi|
IRiM ewi c ZIqvd i Kivi c~e gyn~Z DgivK nRi
mv_ Rovbv ea| hgb : gvwmK viv Avv gwnjv|
3. nR Bdivì cwZ:
aygv nRi Dk Bnivg euvav| iZ eje:
/F 6
@
[Avjvv jvevBKv nvvb]
nR I Dgivi Aavq
251
nRi cKvi
n Avjvn! nRi Dk Zvgvi WvK nvwRi

eZ: KivbKvixi KvR cvq Bdiv`Kvixi gZB Ze KivbKvixi
Rb nvw` RevB KiZ nq| cvi Bdiv`KvixK c RevB
KiZ nq bv| Kivb, Bdiv` Acv Dg Avi Zvgvz DfqwU
Acv Dg|
mevg nR:
cZK nvRxi Rb Zvgvz nR KivB Dg| GUvB mevg I
mevwaK k nR; Kbbv Gi RbB bex [] ^xq mvnvevMYK
wb`k `b Ges we`vq nR Dgiv Ki nvjvj nIqvi Rb ZvìK
Kov wb`k `b| Kej nvwì c mv_ bqv ew G _K ev`
co| eZ: Zvgvz nQ mevcv mnRZi Ges Avgji w`K
_K ewk|
Kvb ew hLb Kivb A_ev Bdivì Dk Bnivg euvae
ZLb Zvi c D nRK Dgivq icvi Kiv Dg, hvZ
Ki Zvi nRwU ZvgvzZ cwiYZ nq hvq| cwieZb ZIqvd I
mvqxi ci Kij Pje, Gi Rb kZ mv_ nvwì c bv
_vKv| Dgiv kl bex Kixg [`:]-Gi wb`k Abyhvqx Pzj QvU
Ki nvjvj nq hve| cvi h ew mv_ Ki nvwì c
wbq GmQ m Bnivg Aevq _KB hve| `k ZvwiL Ki
gviv ch m nvjvj ne bv|
gvq ceki wbqg:
gymwjg ew hLb nR A_ev Dgivi Dk Bnivg euvae
ZLb Zvjweqv coZ coZ gvi cvb Pje| gvq DuPz c_ w`q
cek Kiv mnR nj ZvB Kiv mybZ| wVK Zgwb mnR mva nj
Mvmj Ki bqvI fvj| gmwR` nvivgi h Kvb w`K _K
cek KiZ cvi| cekKvj Wvb cv AvM ivLe Ges gmwR`
ceki `vqv cvV Kie:
252
nR I Dgivi Aavq
.S9 d-O>
nRi cKvi
.6
E' F = m
a> |
EB( @
[AvjvvdZvn jx AveIqvvev ivngvwZK&]

n Avjvn! Zzwg Avgvi Rb Zvgvi ingZi ìRvmg~n Lyj
`vI|1
AviI eje:
. d- N 4
9 ~ & P ( 0 N( f~ - C ( @ d a f }; ( #D a>
.7 7 a> d-O>
[AvEhy wejvwnj Avhxg, IqvweIqvRwnwnj Kvixg, IqvmyjZwbwnj

K`xg, wgbvk kvBZwbi iRxg]
gnvb Avjvni mvnvh Avkq PvwQ, Aviv Avkq PvwQ Zuvi mvbx
Pnvivi I Avw` ev`kvnxi mvnvh weZvwoZ kqZvb _K|2
gmwR` nvivg cek Ki wK Kie:
1. gmwR` nvivg cek gvB ZIqvd i Kie, Ze diR
bvgvhi mgq nq Mj c_g Zv Av`vq Ki wbe AZ:ci
ZIqvd Kie|
2. DgivKvix ay Dgivi KvR Avi Kie| Avi Zvgvz nRKvix
Dgivi KvR i Kie Dgivi ZIqvdi gvag| cvi Kivb
I Bdiv`Kvix Zvì KvR i Kie AvMgbx ZIqvdi viv hv
Zvì c mybZ gv diR-IqvwRe bq|
nR ev Dgiv nZ nvjvj nIqvi Aevmg~n:
Bnivg _K nvjvj (gy) nIqvi c_ GB h, nq nRi KvR
m~Y fve kl ne, A_ev kZ Ki _vKj IRiM nq coe
A_ev evavcv ne|
1
. gymwjg nv: bs 713

.nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 466
253
nR I Dgivi Aavq
Dgivi A_ I weavb
6-Dgivi A_ I weavb
Dgivi (cvwifvwlK) A_: Avjvni Ni ZIqvd, mvdv-gviIqvi
gvSLvb mvqx I gv_v gyvb wKsev Pzj QvU Kivi gvag
Avjvni Dk Gev`Z wbew`Z nIqv|
Dgivi weavb:
mwVK gZ Dgiv Rxeb GKevi diR| Avi Zv eQii h
Kvb mgq cvjb Kiv mybZ| Ze nRi gvmjvZ GUv cvjb
Kiv Ab megvm Acv kq| Avi igRvb gvm Zv cvjb Kiv
nRi mgZyj|
bex [
]-Gi Dgivi msLv:
bex Kixg [] PviwU Dgiv m`b KiQb| mejv nRi
gvmmg~n cvjb KiQb| Gme Dgivi GKwU `vqweqvi Dgiv,
wZxqwU Kvhv Dgiv, ZZxqwU wRivbvi Dgiv bvg cwiwPZ| Avi
meklwU wZwb Zuvi nRi mv_ cvjb Kib|
Dgivi ivKbmg~n:
(1) Bnivg euvav (2) Kvev Nii ZIqvd Kiv (3) mvdv-gviIqvi
gvS mvqx Kiv|
Dgivi IqvwRemg~n:
(1) gxKvZ _K Bnivg euvav| (2) gv_v gyvbv wKsev Pzj QvU
Kiv|
ZIqvd mnxn nIqvi Rb kZmg~n:
wbqZ Kiv, eo Acwev nZ cvK nIqv, mZi XvKv, mvZ Pi
Ìqv, nvRi AvmIqv` nZ Avi Ki mLvbB kl Kiv, mg
Nii ZIqvd Kiv, NiK evg w`K iL ZIqvd Kiv Ges Kvb
IRi Qvov cii weiwZnxb mvZwU ZIqvd Kiv|
254
nR I Dgivi Aavq
Dgivi eYbv
7- Dgivi eYbv
bex [
]-Gi Dgivi cwZ:
Dgiv KiZ BQyK ew gxKvZ _K Bnivg euvae hw` m
gxKvZ w`q AwZgKvix nq _vK| Ze h ew gxKvZi
wfZi evm Ki m wbR vb _K Bnivg euvae| Avi hw` m
gvevmx nq Ze m nvivg Gwiqvi evwni ei ne hgb :
ZvbCg (Avqkv gmwR`) mLvb _K Bnivg euvae| ivZ nvK
Avi w`b nvK gvq cekKvj mnR mva nj DuPz ivv w`q
Mgb Kiv I wbPz ivv w`q diZ Avmv gyvnve-Dg|
hLb gvq cuQe ZLb cwe Aevq Zvjweqv cvV KiZ
KiZ gmwR` cek Kie| gmwR` ceki c~e Zvjweqv
cvV Kiv e Kie| Avi Kvev Nii ZIqvd i Kivi c~e
BhwZev Kiv mybvZ| BhwZev njv: Wvb Kuva Lvjv iL
Pvìi gafvM Wvb Kuvai wbP w`q Dfq cvkK evg Kuvai
Dci ivLv| AvivI mybvZ nQ ivgvj Kiv| ivgvj nQ:
nvRi AvmIqv` _K i Ki Avevi nvRi AvmIqv` ch
c_g wZb ZIqvd kw I QvU QvU c` `Z Pjv| cieZx
PviwU ZIqvd ^vfvweK fve Pje| eZ: Dciv BhwZev
I ivgvj Kej gv cyilì Rb I AvMgbx ZIqvd
chvR, evwK Avi Kvb ZIqvd Kiv Pje bv|
hLbB nvRi AvmIqvì eivei ne ZLbB Zvi cwZ gyL
Kie, ZvK nvZ viv k Kie I gyL viv Pz^b Kie| hw`
Zv meci bv nq, Ze Zvi Dci Wvb nvZ eywjq ZvZB Pzgv
Lve, hw` ZvI meci bv nq, Zvnj KvwV ev jvwV RvZxq
nvZ _vKj Zv viv k Ki ZvZ Pz^b Lve, hw` ZvI me
bv nq, Ze nvZ viv Bkviv Kie gv| ZvZ Pz^b Kie bv|
Avi hLb nvRi AvmIqvì eivei ne ZLb eje: Avjv
nR I Dgivi Aavq
255
Dgivi eYbv
AvKevi| Ze c_g evi wemwgjvn Avjv AvKevi eje|

cZK ZIqvd GKevi Ki ZKwei eje| G Qvov ZIqvdi
mgq wbR BQv Abymvi kiqx h Kvb `vqv, Avjvni wRwKi,
KziAvb ZjvIqvZ I ZInxì Kvjgv jv-Bjvnv Bjvjvn
coe|
hLb ivKb Bqvgbx w`q AwZg Kie ZLb cZK
ZIqvd Pz^b QvovB ZvK Wvb nvZ viv k Kie| Ze
ZKwei eje bv| Avi hw` k Kiv KwVb nq Ze Kvb
ZKwei I Bkviv QvovB AwZg Ki hve| ivKb Bqvgbx I
nvRi AvmIqvì gaeZx vb eje:
l m
:
[ievbvv AvvwZbvv wdybqvv nvmvbvn&, Iqvwdj AvvwLiwZ nvmvbvn&,

IqvwKbvv Avhvvevbvvi]
n Avgvì cwZcvjK Zzwg Avgvì `ywbqv I AvLivZ KjvY
`vI Ges Rvnvbvgi kvw _K gyw `vb Kib| [evKviv:201]
nvRx mvne Kvev Ni I wnRi BmgvCji evwni w`q mvZwU
ZIqvd mb Kieb| Avi hLbB nvRi AvmIqvì eivei
neb ZLb k Kieb I Pz^b Lveb| me nj Bnv cwZwU
ZIqvd Kieb| Ze kvgx ivKbq Bnv Kieb bv| ìRv I
nvRi AvmIqvì gafvM Kvev Nii ìRv Rwoq aiv ea|
ZIqvd Kz`~g Z_v gvq cuQ c_g ZIqvd ev we`vqx ZIqvd
kl A_ev Ab mgq me nj Kvev Nii ìRv ai Avjvni
wbKU cv_bv Kieb|
hLb ZIqvd kl Kieb ZLb Wvb Kuva XK djeb Ges
gvKvg Beivnxgi w`K AMmi neb Ges GB AvqvZ cvV
Kieb:
nR I Dgivi Aavq
:
256
Dgivi eYbv
l m
[IqvvwLhy wgvKwg Beivvnxgv gymjvv]

Avi Zvgiv gvKvg Beivnxg bvgvRi vb MnY Ki|
[m~iv evKviv: 125]
AZ:ci mnR mva nj gvKvg Beivnxg Gi wcQb nvjKv
Ki `yivKvZ bvgvR co wbeb| Zv bv nj gmwR` nvivgi
h Kvb vb coeb| c_g ivKvZ m~iv dvwZnv I m~iv
Kvdib Ges wZxq ivKvZ m~iv dvZnv I m~iv GLjvm cvV
Kiv mybZ| mvjvg wdwiq mi hveb| bvgvR kl `vqv Kiv
kixqZ mZ bq| wVK Zgwb fve gvKvg BeivnxgI `vqv
Kiv kixqZ mZ bq|
mvjvZ kl RgRgi cvwbi wbKU wMq BQv Kij Zv cvb
Kieb| Bnv cvbKvixi Rb Avnvi Ges cxwoZ ewi Rb
AvivM| AZ:ci mf nj Avevi nvRi AvmIqv` Gm
ZvK Pz^b Kieb|
AZ:ci mvdvi Dk ei neb Ges Zvi wbKUeZx nj GB
AvqvZ cvV Kiv mybZ:
c b a ` _ ~ } | { zy x w v um
:
l o n m l k j i h gf e d
[Bbvm&mdvv IqvjgviIqvZv wgb kvAvvwqwijvn, dvgvb nvvjevBZv

AvweZvgviv dvjvv Rybvvnv AvjvBwn AvquvvIIqvdv wewngvv,
Iqvgvb ZvZIIqv LvBivb dvBbvjvnv kvvwKib Avjxg]
wbqB mvdv I gviIqv Avjvni wb`kbmg~ni Afy| myZivs h
KD Kvev Nii nR wKsev Dgiv mb Ki Zvi Rb D `ywUi
nR I Dgivi Aavq
257
Dgivi eYbv
ga mvqx KiZ Kvb Aciva bB| h ew ^Z:Zfve

mrKvR Kie Avjvn Zv cyivi`vZv, me| [m~iv evKviv: 158]
Avi eje Avjvn hv viv (AvqvZ) i KiQb Avwg Zv viv
i KiwQ| hLb mvdv cvnvo AvivnY Kie Ges Kvev Ni
AejvKb Kie, ZLb wKejvgyLx nq ùvove|
GgZvevq wRwKi I `vqvi Dk nvZ `yLvbv DVve,
Avjvni GKZev` I eoZ cKvk Kie GB ej:
\v Ri ])8D a * f& ' 2
( 6
( ' ( f 6
% -i X & F ! !
. X & F m
bF +( 3 b * fX & - u
0 fX & b /
0> fX & F ! ! f-^ %&
[jvv Bjvvnv Bjvjv Iqvn`v jvv kvixKv jvn&, jvjgyjKz Iqvjvj
nvg`, IqvIqv Avjvv Kzwj kvBqb K`xi, jvv Bjvvnv Bjvjv
Iqvn`vn, AvbRvRv Iqv`vn, Iqvbvmiv Avvn, IqvnvRvgvj
AvnRvvev Iqvn`vn]
Avjvn eZxZ mwZKvi Kvb gvey` bB, Zuvi Kvb kwiK bB,
ivRZ ZviB Ges ZviB Rb mKj cksmv| Avi wZwb mewelq
gZvevb| Avjvn eZxZ mwZKvi Kvb gvey` bB, wZwb GKK,
whwb ^xq AxKvi c~Y KiQb| Avcb ev`vK mvnvh KiQb
Ges GKvB kcK civ KiQb|1
AZ:ci mvdv _K gviIqvi w`K webqx I bgfve iIqvbv
Kie Ges Z_vq wRwKi I `vqv mvdvi wbqg wZb wZbevi
Ki KiZ _vKe| AZ:ci gviIqv _K AeZiY Ki nvUvi
vb nvUe Ges òvi vb òve| Ggwbfve mvZevi Zv
mv`b Kie| MgbK GKwU I cZveZbK AviKwU MYbv
Kie| mvdv _K i Kie I gviIqvZ kl Kie| mvqxi
Dk Ihy I GKi ci GK mvZwU mvqx Kiv mybZ|
1
nR I Dgivi Aavq
258
Dgivi eYbv
ZIqvd I mvqxi gvS weiwZ bv Kiv mybZ:

mvqx kl nj gv_v gyve| Avi gyvbvB Dg| A_ev Pzj
QvU Kie Ze c~Y gv_v _K Zv Kiv PvB| gwnjviv Ayjxi
AMfvM cwigvY Pzj KvUe| Gi gvag Dgiv c~Y ne Ges Bnivg
Aevq Zvi Rb hv nvivg wQj Zv nvjvj nq hve hgb : cvkvK,
myMw I weevn BZvw`|
ZIqvd I mvqxZ gwnjv cyili bvq, Ze cv_K GB h, m
ZIqvd I mvqxZ `Z c` Pje bv Ges BhwZevI Kie bv|
Dgivi Bnivg euvav Aevq x mnevm Kij Zvi weavb:
hLb Kvb ew Dgivi Dk Bnivg euvavi ci xi mv_
wgjb Kie ZLb m Dgivi KvR c~Y Kie Ges ci Zv KvRv
Ki wbe| KviY m wgjbi gvag DgivK web Ki djQ|
Ze hw` ZIqvd I mvqxi ci Avi gv_v gyvbv ev Pzj QvU Kivi
c~e wgjb Ki _vK Ze Zvi Dgiv web ne bv| wK Zvi Dci
(c~e ewYZ) Avhv bvgK wd`qv eZve|
ZvgvzKvix nvRxi nR I Dgivi mgq KvQvKvwQ nj DgivZ
Pzj QvU Kiv I nR gv_v gyvbv gyvnve-Dg|
bvgvRi Dk GKvgZ nq Mj ZIqvd ev mvqx Aevq
_vKj m bvgvR Ask wbe| AZ:ci mvjvZ kl nj h
ch nq wQj mLvb _K evwK Ask c~Y Ki wbe, ZIqvdi
iZ wdi hvIqvi cqvRb bB|
nvRi AvmIqv`K Pzgv Ìqvi weavb:
nvRi AvmIqv`K Pz^b Kiv, k Kiv, Zvi cwZ Bkviv Kiv
I Avjv AvKevi ejv meB gyvnve KvR| ZvB hvi Dci G mei
Kvb GKUv KwVb ne m Zv cwiZvM Ki AwZg Kie|
ZIqvdKvj I ZIqvd Ges mvqxi gafvM hvi Rb mnR
mva ne nvRi AvmIqv`K Pz^b I k Kiv mybZ; wK fxo
nR I Dgivi Aavq
259
Dgivi eYbv
I Abvb ZIqvdKvixì K `qv Aevq Zv ea bq; eis

Zv cwiZvM KivB Dg| wekl Ki gwnjvì , Kbbv
k Kiv I Pz^b `qv gyvnve KvR, Gi Rb nvivg KvR
cwZZ nIqv ea bq|
nvRi AvmIqvì g~j cwiwPwZ GB h, m RvbvZ _K eid
Acv mv`v Aevq AeZiY KiwQj| Ze Av`g mvbi
cvc Kvjv ic aviY KiQ| Rvnjx hyMi AcweZv ZvK
k bv Kij ZvK h Kvb ivM-evwaM jvK k Kiv
gvB AvivM jvf KiZ| `ywbqvZ m eZxZ RvbvZx Avi
Kvb e bB| Avjvn Zvqvjv ZvK wKqvgZ wèm DVveb|
m ZLb mv c`vb Kie cZK H ewi Rb h ZvK
mZZvi mv_ k KiwQj| nvRi AvmIqv` I ivKb
Bqvgbxi ki Gev`Z viv Avjvn Zvqvjv cvc wgwUq
`b|
Kvev Ni ZIqvdi dwRjZ:
mIqvei Avkvq gymjgvb ewi Rb Kvev Nii ewk ewk
ZIqvd Kiv gyvnve|
9 :'@ `
K
= - '
D aDP% X > k ' 0> - '
&
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RPB c R0 '
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8( M-
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2
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R
R! @; RK x9& )V d = k B = 9 :D aDP% E; ' : $. = & ; 8 8
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k B = L
. qg - 4
F L
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F - 4
,
E8D
.lY9-E &>
Avyjvn Beb DevB` Beb DgvBi _K ewYZ wZwb Zvi

evevK Beb Dgi (iv:)K ejZ bb| AvQv AvcbvK nvRi
nR I Dgivi Aavq
260
Dgivi eYbv
AvmIqv` I iKb Bqvgbx Qvov AbwKQy k KiZ `wL bv

Kb? Beb Dgvi ejjb, Avwg Avjvni im~j [`:]K ejZ
bwQ:wb:m`n G `ywUi k cvcK Swoq `q| wZwb []
ejb Aviv ejZ bwQ:h ew MYbv Ki Kvev Nii GK
mvn ZIqvd Kie Ges `yivKvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kie m GKwU
`vm gy Kivi mIqve cve| wZwb [] ejb Aviv ejZ
bwQ:cwZwU avci Rb `kwU Ki bwK jLv ne, `kwU Ki
cvc wgwUq `qv ne Ges `kwU Ki ghv`v evwoq `qv ne| 1
Ihy Aevq Kvev Nii ZIqvd Kiv Dg I cwic~Y KvR| ZvB
Ihy Qvov I ZIqvd we ne| wK eo AcweZv hgb:
exhcvZ RwbZ AcweZv I gwnjvì gvwmK BZvw` nZ
cweZv ARb Kiv ZIqvdi Rb IqvwRe|
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Avngv` nva bs 4462 k ZviB I wZiwghx nv: bs 959
nR I Dgivi Aavq
261
nRi cwZ
8- nRi cwZ
h nRi eYbv bex (`:) `vb KiQb Ges m mK
mvnvevMYK wb`k w`qQb Zvi msw cwiwPwZ|
gvq AeZiYKvix I AevbKvix cZKi Rb Mvmj Kiv I
cwivi-cwiQb nq AvZi eenvi Kiv mybZ| AZ:ci whjnR
gvmi 8ZvwiL (Zviweqvi w`b) m~h Xjvi c~e Bnivg euvae|
cZK wbR wbR AeZiY j _K Bnivg euvae| Bnivg
euvavi mgq eje jvevBKv nvvb Avi Kivb I
Bdiv`Kvix ^xq BnivgB _vKe hZY bv 10ZvwiL eo
Rvgivq cv_i gvie|
AZ:ci cZK nvRx Zvjweqv ejZ ejZ m~h Xjvi c~e
wgbvi w`K iIqvbv Kie| mLvb cuQ me nj Bgvgi
mv_ hvni, Avmi, gvMwie Gkv, I dRi Kmi (Pvi ivKvZ
wewk bvgvRK `yB ) Ki Rgv bv Ki Av`vq Kie| hw` me
bv nq Ze ^xq Aevb jB Rgv bv Ki Kmi wnme
Av`vq Ki wbe Ges D ivZ wgbvq hvcb Kie|
AZ:ci 9ZvwiL Avivdvi w`b m~h D`q nj wgbv _K
jvevBK--- I Avjv AvKevi coZ coZ Avivdvi
w`K cvwo Rgve| mLvb cuQ m~h Xjvi c~e ch bvgiv
bvgK vb Aevb Kie| bvgiv vbwU Avivdvi wbKUeZx
eU; wK Avivdvi Afy bq|
Avivdvi mxgvbv:
c~e w`K _K mB me ebKvix cvnvo hjv Avivdvi gvV
ch wexY, cwg w`K _K Divbv DcZKv, Di w`K _K
AmxK DcZKvi h Ask Divbv DcZKvi mv_ wgwjZ nqQ Ges
nR I Dgivi Aavq
262
nRi cwZ
`wY w`K _K gmwR` bvwgivi `wY w`K cvq ò

wKjvwgUvi ch|
m~h Xj Mj gmwR`gyLx Avivdvi c_g fvMi w`K AMmi
ne D vb (evZb Divbvq) Bgvg mvne, jvKì Dk
LyZev c`vb Kieb| G vb AvRKvj gmwRì wfZi wnmve
cwiMwYZ| AZ:ci gyqvwb hvnii Dk AvRvb I
GKvgZ wèb| Bgvg mvne Rgv ZvKw`g (hvni I Avmi
GK Av`vq Kiv) Ki hvni I Avmii bvgvR coveb Kmi
mnKvi| Ze hw` Zv me bv nq Zvnj wbR Aevb j
c~evjwLZ wbqg Rgv I Kmi mnKvi mv_xì wbq mvjvZ
Av`vq Ki wbe|
AZ:ci mvjvZ kl Avivdvi w`K AMmi nIqv mybZ|
mLvb Avivdvi gq`vbi cvnvoi cv``k Ggbfve Aevb
wbe h, cvnvowU wKejv I Zvi gvS co| Avi Rvevj
gykvZK mvgb iL wKejvgyLx ne| cvnvoi wbP
cv_ijvi cv``k ùvwoq Avjvni wRwKi Kie, webq I
wgbwZi î nvZ `yLvbv Zzj `vqv I GMdvi Kie, `yAvi
mv_ mv_ Zvjweqv I jvv Bjvvnv Bjvjvn ejZ _vKe|
evnbi Dci AvivnY Ki gvwUZ em, ùvwoq ev nU
AvivdvZi Aevbi KvR mb KiZ cvie| Ze h
Aevq AbyMZ I webq I gbhvM ewk AvKlY nq m Aevq
_vKvB Dg|
KziAvb I we nv`xm ewYZ `vqvmg~n wbRi BQvq ewk
ewk `vqv Kie, ZvIev, GMdvi, ZKwei, jv-Bjvnv
Bjvjvn, Avjvni cksmv I bex [`:]-Gi Dci ì` ewk ewk
cvV Kie| ev`v Avjvni wbKU gyLvcx Zv cKvk Kie|
`vqvZ evKzjZv cKvk Kie, Keyj nIqvi wej^ wPvq
nR I Dgivi Aavq
263
nRi cwZ
ewZe ne bv| `vqv I wRwKi Ggbfve wj _vKe h

kl ch m~h Wye hvq|
hw` cvnvoi cv``k kxjvf~wgi KvQ Aevb Kiv meci bv
nq, Ze wbRi Zvey ev Ab h Kvb vb hv Avivdvi Afy
mLvb Aevb Kie| eZ: evZb Divbv Qvov Avivdvi
meUzKzB Aevbi Dchy vb|
Avivdvq Aevbi mgq:
Avivdvi w`bi m~h Xjvi ci _K wbq m~h A hvIqv ch
(^vfvweK mgq)| Ze cqvRb Zv 10 ZvwiLi dRi D`q nIqv
ch wejw^Z ne|
m~h Xjvi c~e ev Avivdvi ivZI cek ea Ze mybZ nQ
m~h Xjvi ci cek Kiv| h ew (cqvRb Avivdvi w`bMZ)
ivZi wKQy AskI Aevb KiZ cvij Zv Zvi Rb h_ ne|
Aevbi A_: evnb ev gvwUZ Aevb Kiv, `ycvq ùvwoq _vKv
bq| h ew w`bi ejvq Avivdvq Aevb Ki m~h Wyevi c~e
cvb Kij m gyvnve Qo w`j| Zvi Dci `g (Kvddviv) `qv
Acwinvh ne bv Ges Zvi nR we ej weewPZ ne|
DiIqv Beb gyhviwim (iv:) _K ewYZ h, wZwb dRii
bvgvhi Dk ei nj bex [`:]-Gi mv_ Zvi mvvZ nq ZLb
wZwb ZvK m^vab Ki ejb:
> e 6
# ) $ B - ; t
& k B & 0 EF ; 9 t
X Y * A
& @ i
9
.lY9-E 7 7 a> d-O>
. n1 A /F A> & P B x=@0
h ew Avgvì GB bvgvh nvwRi nj Ges cvb bv Kiv ch

Avgvì mv_ Aevb Kij Ges BwZc~e m ivZ ev w`b Avivdvq
Aevq KiwQj m Zvi nRK cwic~Y Ges Zvi `wnK
AcwiQbZv `~i KiQ|1
1
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 1950, wZiwghx nvt bs 891 k ZviB
nR I Dgivi Aavq
264
nRi cwZ
AvivdvZ _K cvbi mgq:

Gici hLb m~h A hve ZLb AvivdvZ _K gyh`vwjdvi
w`K jvevBKv co co iIqvbv Kie| ZLb m kv I
axiZv Aej^b Ki Pje| jvKRbi Dci wbR ev Zvi evnb
viv fxo mw Kie bv Ges hLb Lvwj RvqMv cve `Z AMmi
ne| gyR`vwjqvq cuQB GK AvRvb I `yB GKvgZ gvMwie
wZb ivKvZ I Gkv `yivKvZ co wbe| gvMwieK Gkvi mgq
wbq `yB mvjvZK GKwZ Kie Ges mLvb ivw hvcb
Kie| ZvZ Zvnvy` I eZii mvjvZ coZ PvBj
coe|
gyR`vwjdvq Aevbi mgq:
Gici dRii mgq nj AKvi _vKZB mybZmn Zvi diR
Av`vq Kie| mvjvZ kl gvkAvi nvivg eZgvb hLvb
gmwR` iqQ, Z_vq wKejvgyLx nq Aevb Kie, dmv nIqv
ch Avjvni wRwKi, nvg` (Avjnvg`y wjjvn), Zvnjxj (jvv
Bjvvnv Bjvjvn), ZKwei (Avjv AvKevi) I Zvjweqv BZvw`
evnb ev gvwUZ _K coZ _vKe|
_ u t s r q p o n m lm
:
AZ:ci Zvgiv hLb Avivdv _K cvb Kie ZLb gvkAvi

nvivgi cv``k Avjvni wRwKi gbvwbek Kie|
[m~iv evKviv: 198]
Avi hw` gvkAvi nvivg Mgb Kiv mnR mva bv nq Zvnj
mg gyR`vwjdv Aevb hvM| ZvB wbR vb _KB
wKejvgyLx nq `vqv KiZ _vKe| P` A hvIqv ev ivwi
nR I Dgivi Aavq
265
nRi cwZ
ewki fvM AwZg Kivi ci `yej ev Amy bvix-cyil Ges

Zvì mv_xMY gyh`vwjdv Qo wgbvq Mgb KiZ cvib| Avi
cuQv gvB eo Rvgivq cv_i gvie|
gyR`vwjdv nZ wgbvi Dk iIqvbvi mgq:
Gici nvRx ew m~h D`qi c~e gyh`vwjdv _K kvfve
wkZvi mv_ cvb Kie| gynvmmvi cuQj (hv wgbvi Afy
Ges gyh`vwjdv I wgbvi gaeZx vb AewZ) cv_i wbc
mgcwigvY nU ev AvivnY Ki `Z Pje| Rvgivi wbKU _K
wKsev wgbvi ivv _K mvZwU Ki Kzwoq wbe, Ze hw`
gyh`vwjdv _K msMn Ki Ze ZvZ Kvb wbla bB| ivvq
PjZ PjZ Zvjweqv I ZKwei coe Ges eo Rvgivq cv_i
gvivi mv_ mv_ Zvjweqv cov e Ki wè|
RvgivZzj AvKvevK KsKi gvivi mgq:
hLb eo Rvgivq cuQe hv wgbvi w`K _K mekl Rvgiv
ZLb m~hv`qi ci mvZwU Ki gvie| wgbvK Wvb I gvK
evg iL Wvb nvZ cv_i wbc Kie Ges cZKevi Avjv
AvKevi eje| Kii cv_i eyU (Pvbv) ev e`yKi wji
gvSvgvwS cwigvYi ne hv LvRvd RvZxq cv_ii bvq, eo cv_i
ev cv_i Qvov Ab wKQy hgb RyZv gvRv wKsev jvwV-QvZv BZvw`
Kvb wKQy viv wbc ea bq| Ki wbc ev Ab Kvb KvR
gymjgvbìK K wè bv ev fxo Rgve bv| gb ivLZ ne
Kvb gymjgvbK K `qv nvivg|
KsKi wbci ci nvwR mvne wK Kieb:
Ki wbci ci ZvgvzKvix I KivbKvix nvw` RevB Kie
Ges m mgq eje:
g9 )( P A @ f6 6
9 Y* ! @ f-8( > `
`
W
nR I Dgivi Aavq
266
nRi cwZ
[wemwgjvwn Iqvjv AvKevi, Avjvv Bbv nvvhvi wgbKv IqvjvK,

Avjvv ZvKevj wgbx]
Avjvni bvg i KiwQ, Avjvn mevcv gnvb, n Avjvn! GwU
Zvgvi c _K Ges Zvgvi Rb, n Avjvn! Zzwg GK Avgvi
c _K Keyj Kib|
nvwì gvsm _K fY Kiv, iqv-kviev evwbq cvb Kiv,
wgmwKbì LvIqvbv mybZ| Avi PvBj G _K wbR `ki
Rb wKQy m wbq hvIqv hve|
nvw` RevB Kivi ci cyil ew gv_v gyve A_ev Pzj QvU
Kie| Ze gyvbvB Dg| gybKvixi c mybZ nQ gv_vi
Wvb w`K _K KvR i Kiv| Avi gwnjviv Avyji AMfvMi
mg cwigvY Pzj QvU Kie|
- R1?( @
D a= : : - %- * >

R% aDR
P ]2
' ( - 1 ?( @
% -guP ' ( a= % aD
P ]2
' (
R aR= R% aDR
P ]2
' ( - 1 ?( @
%- guP ' ( a=
. J1E9
.
% -guP ' (
% -guP ' (
Avey ivBiv (iv:) ejb, bex [`:] ejb: n Avjvn! Zzwg gv_v
gybKvixì gv Ki, mvnvevMY AviR Kijb: n Avjvni im~j !
Pzj QvUKvixìKI? wZwb Aveviv ejjb: n Avjvn! gv_v
gybKvixìK gv Ki| mvnvevMY AviR Kijb: n Avjvni
im~j! Pzj QvUKvixìKI? wZwb Aveviv ejjb: n Avjvn! gv_v
gyKvixìK gv Ki| mvnvevMY ejjb n Avjvni im~j! Pzj
QvUKvixìKI? wZwb ejjb: Pzj QvUKvixìKI|1
. eyLvix nvt bs 1728 gymwjg nvt bs 1302 k ZviB
nR I Dgivi Aavq
267
nRi cwZ
c_g nvjvj:
c~evwjwLZ KvRjv Ki djj Zvi c x Qvov me wbwl
KvR nvjvj nq hve| cvkvK, myMw, gv_v XvKv BZvw`| Gevi
Zvi Rb nvjvj eis ay eo Rvgivq Ki wbc KijB x Qvov
Ab meB Zvi Rb nvjvj nq hvq, hwÌ gv_v bv gyvq Ges c
RevB bv Ki| wK h ew nvwì c mv_ wbq GmQ Zvi K_v
Avjv`v| m Ki wbc I c RevB Qvov nvjvj ne bv| (D
nvjvjK cv_wgK chvqi nvjvj) ejv nq|
ZIqvd I mvC:
Bgvgi Rb mybZ nQ Kzievwbi w`b PvkZi mgq
Rvgivjvi wbKU ee ck Kiv, fvlY wZwb jvKRbK nRi
gvmvqj wkv wèb| AZ:ci nvRx mvne mvaviY Rvgv-Kvco
cwiavb Kieb, myMw eenvi Kieb Ges PvkZi mgq gvq
wMq nRi ZIqvd Kieb (hvK ZIqvd Bdvhv ev ZIqvd
wRqvivI ejv nq)| D ZIqvd ivgvj I BhwZev Kie bv|
AZ:ci ZvgvzKvix mvdv-gviIqvZ mvqx Kie BnvB Dg| Avi
hw` mvdv-gviIqvZ GK mvqx KiB v nq (Dgiv wKsev nRi
mv_) Ze ZvZ Kvb mgmv bB|
Avi hw` Kivb ev Bdiv`Kvix nq Ze AvMgbx ZIqvd mvqx
bv Ki _vKj ZvivI ZvgvzKvixi gZ ZIqvd I mvqx Kie;
wK hw` AvMgbx ZIqvdi ci mvqx Ki _vK hv Dg, Ze
ZIqvd Bdvhvq Avi ZvK mvqx KiZ ne bv| G ch Bnivgi
KviY Zvi Dci hv wKQy nvivg wQj meB nvjvj nq hve GgbwK
xI| GK (wZxq chvqi nvjvj) ejv nq|
ZIqvd wRqvivi c_g mgq:
10B whjnRi w`bi c~ei ivZi AwaKvsk mgq AwZg
Kij h ew Avivdvq Aevb KiQ, Zvi Rb G mgq i nq
nR I Dgivi Aavq
268
nRi cwZ
hvq| Avi w`b Zv Kiv mybZ Ges ìx KivI Pj, Zi IRi Qvov
whjnR gvmi ci Zv wcQvbv ea bq|
wgbvq wdi Avmvi mgq:
Gici wgbvq wdi hve Ges mLvb hvnii bvgR Av`vq
Kie Ges Z_vq Cì w`bi Aewk Ask I ZvkixKi ivZw`bjv hvcb Kie| ZvB ìx KiZ PvBj 11, 12 I 13
ZvwiLi ivZjv wgbvq hvcb Kie| Avi (Zi ZvwiL ch)
ìx KivB Dg| Ze c~Y ivZ wgbvq hvcb Kiv me bv nj
c_g, gvS, A_ev klfvM _K ivZi ewki fvM Z_vq KvUve|
11, 12 I 13 ZvwiLi KsKi gvivi mgq:
hw` me nq Ze gmwR` Lvqd cuvP Iqv mvjvZ GK bv
Ki Kmi mnKvi Av`vq Kie| Avi me bv nj wgbvi hLvb
mnR nq mB vbB RvgvZ mnKvi mvjvZ Av`vq Ki wbe|
AvBqvg ZvkwiKjvZ m~h Xjvi ci wZb RvgivZB Ki
wbc Kie| cZK w`bi Ki wgbvi h Kvb vb _K wbZ
cvie|
1. RvgivZ me nj cvq nU hvIqv mybZ| mLvb 11ZvwiL
m~h Xjvi ci c_g (QvU) Rvgiv hv gmwR` Lvqd _K KvQ|
ZvZ cici mvZwU Ki wbc Kie| cZK Kii mv_ Wvb
nvZ Dvjb Kie Ges Avjv AvKevi ej wKejvgyLx nq
gvie| D KvR _K dviM nj Wvb w`K _K GKUz mvgb
AMmi ne Ges wKejvgyLx nq ùvwoq `ynvZ Zzj `xNY `yAv
Kie hv m~iv evKviv (AvovB cviv) cwigvY ne|
2. Gici gag Rvgivi w`K AMmi ne Ges c~ei bvq mvZwU
Ki wbc Kie| cZK Kii mv_ Wvb nvZ DVve I Avjv
AvKevi eje| AZ:ci myLi w`K AMmi ne Ges nvZ `yLvbv
269
nR I Dgivi Aavq
nRi cwZ
Zzj wKejvgyLx nq AbKY ch `vqv Kie hv c_gevii

Pq Kg ne|
3. Gici eo Rvgivi w`K AMmi ne Ges gvK evg I
wgbvK Wvb iL mvZwU Ki wbc Kie| D vb `vqvi
Dk _vge bv| GZ Ki GKzkwU Ki gviv ne| IRiM
ewi c wgbvq ivw hvcb bv Kiv, `yB w`bi Ki GKw`b
gviv A_ev c~Y KijvK ZvkixKi kl w`b gviv A_ev ivZi
ejvq Zv wbc Kiv Pje|
Gici 12 ZvwiL ZvB Kie hv 11 ZvwiL KiQ Z_v wZbwU
RvgivZB m~h Xjvi ci Ki wbc Kie|
mybZ njv wZwbwU RvgivK wbP Zjvq KsKi gviv| wK IRi
hgb: Amy ev cP wfo BZvwì Rb Dcii h Kvb Zjvq
gviv RvqR|
hw` `yw`b Aevb KiB AvM-fvM Pj AvmZ Pvq Ze 12
ZvwiLi m~h Xjvi c~eB wgbv Qo Pj Avme| wK hw` 13
ZvwiL ch ìx Kivi BQv Ki Zvnj mw`b m~h Xjvi ci
c~e ewYZ wbqg wZbwU RvgivZ cv_i wbc Kie| Avi
GUvB Dg; Kbbv G nQ bex Kixg [`:]-Gi Avgj| gwnjviv
c~e ewYZ me KvR cyili bvq| G ch nvRx nRi meKvR
mb Ki djQb|
bex [`:] GKwU gv nR Kib hv we`vq nR bvg LvZ| ZvZ
wZwb nR cvjbi mv_ mv_ Avjvni cwZ Avnvbi `vwqZ
cvjb Kib Ges DZK Avjvni cwZ Avnvbi `vwqZfvi
eywSq `b| Avivdvi gvV xb cwic~Y nq, Avi Kzievwbi w`b
DZi Dci xbi `vwqZfvi eywSq `qv nq| hgb : bex
Kixg [`:] ejb:
. J1E9
. s
_r( & * 4 ]
nR I Dgivi Aavq
270
nRi cwZ
DcwZ ew hb AbycwZ ewK cuQ `q|1

gymwjg ewi Rb wbRi h Kvb Gev`Z hgb : mvjvZ,
ivRv, nR BZvw` kl Ki AvjvnK iY Kiv wewee; KviY
wZwb AvbyMZi KvRi ZIwdK w`qQb| Avi Avjvni cksmv
eYbv Kie; KviY wZwb ZvK D diR Av`vq Kiv mnR Ki
w`qQb Ges wUi Rb Avjvni wbKU gv PvBe| mB
ewi gZ ne bv, h gb Ki m wbRB Gev`ZwU mb
KiQ Ges Gi viv Avjvni Dci AbyMn KiQ|
v u t s r q p o nm
:
l xw
hLb Zvgiv Zvgvì nRi Kvhvw` kl Kie ZLb AvjvnK

wbRì wcZvì gZ ev Zv Acv Aviv ewk iY Kie|
[m~iv evKviv: 200]
Gici 13 ZvwiL m~h Xjvi ci wgbv Qo ewiq Avme| me
nj AveZvn bvgK vb AeZiY Kie, GLvb hvni, Avmi
gvMwie I Gkvi mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv Ges ivZi wKQy Ask hvcb
Kiv mybZ|
we`vq ZIqvdi mgq:
Gici gvq Mgb Kie Ges gvevmx bv nq _vKj we`vqx
ZIqvd Kie| FZzeZx I mvb cmeKvwiYx (FZz PjvKvj)
we`vqx ZIqvd cqvRb bB| nvRx mvne we`vqx ZIqvd mi
djj wbR `k wdi hveb Ges BQv Kij h cwigvY me
RgRgi cvwb mv_ wbq hveb|
1
271
nR I Dgivi Aavq
nRi cwZ
f,
* & @ - O aDC% ( >
- 9 >D : '@ `
K
=

. J1E9
.
_2R : >- ' R
t
]1O 0> !
Beb Avevm [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, gvbylK wb`k Kiv

nqQ, hb Zvì mekl KvR Avjvni Nii mv_ (we`vq
ZIqvd) nq| wK FZzeZx gwnjvi Rb (we`vq ZIqvd) iwnZ
Kiv nqQ|1
. eyLvix nv: bs 1755 gymwjg nv: bs 1328
nR I Dgivi Aavq
272
nR I Dgivi AvnKvg
9- nR I Dgivi AvnKvg
nRi ivKbmg~n:
Bnivg euvav, Avivdvi gvV Aevb Kiv, Kvev Nii ZIqvd
Bdvhv Kiv Ges mvdv-gviqvi mvqx Kiv|
nRi IqvwRemg~n:
nRi Rb wbw` gxKvZ _K Bnivg euvav, nvRxì mevq ev
cvnvivq wbqvwRZ ew eZxZ Abì Rb ZvkixKi ivZjv
wgbvq hvcb Kiv, Kzievwbi ivZ gyR`vwjdvq ivZ hvcb Kiv,
GKv IRi hgb : `yej ev Zvì bvq Ab KD nj ivZi
ewki fvM mgq Z_vq Aevb Kiv, Ki wbc Kiv, gv_v gyvbv
ev Pzj QvU Kiv, gvi evBii jvKì Rb mLvb _K ei
nIqvi mgq we`vqx ZIqvd Kiv|
h ew nR ev Dgivi Kvb ivKb Qo `q, m H KvR
Av`vq Kiv eZxZ Zvi nR (ev Dgiv) mb ne bv| Avi h
ew Kvb IqvwRe Qo wè m `g viv Zvi wZc~iY
KiZ cvie| Avi hw` Zv bv w`Z cvi Ze ZIev Acwinvh
nIqv Qvov Ab wKQy eZve bv Zvi nR we ne| wK h
ew BQv Ki Zv cwiZvM Kie m cvcx ne Ges Zvi Dci
wd`qv eZve| Avi h ew AwbQvKZ Zv cwiZvM Kie m
cvcx ne bv Ze mvg_ _vKj wd`qv wè| Avi h ew
Kvb mybZ cwiZvM Kie Zvi Dci wKQyB Riwi ne bv| Bnv
nR nvK ev Dgiv nvK Avi PvB Zv K_v nvK ev KvR nvK|
10 ZvwiLi Kvhvw`:
nvRx mvneì Rb Dg nQ whjnRi gvmi 10ZvwiL
Cì w`bi KvRjvK Gfve wmwiqvj Kiv: kl Rvgivq Ki
wbc Kiv| AZ:ci nvw` RevB Kiv| Gici gv_v gyvb wKsev Pzj
273
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nR I Dgivi AvnKvg
QvU Kiv, AZ:ci ZIqvd Bdvhv Kiv Ges me kl mvqx Kiv|

G nQ mybZ cwZ Ze KD hw` fyj ev ^Qvq AvM ci Ki
dj Ze Kvb mgmv bB| hgb: nvw` RevB Gi c~e gv_v
gyvbv ev Ki wbci c~e ZIqvd Kiv BZvw`|
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Aevb bb ZLb GK ew Gm ejj Avwg eySZ cvwiwb dj
nvw` RevB Gi c~eB gv_v gywq djwQ? wZwb ejjb: Ki Kvb
mgmv bB| AciRb ejj: Avwg Ki wbc bv Ki DU RevB
KiwQ? wZwb ejjb: gvi Kvb evav bB| GgbwK ZuvK h
welqB AvM-ci mK ck Kiv nqQ wZwb GKB Di
w`qQb h, Ki Kvb mgmv bB|1
AvBqvg ZvkixK KsKi gvivi mgq:
1. Cì w`b Qvov Abvb w`b mejv Ki m~h Xjvi ci gviZ
ne, hw` KD m~h Xjvi c~e gi _vK ZvK m~h Xjvi ci
cybivq gviv Acwinvh| Ze hw` 13 ZvwiLi m~h Wyevi c~e ch
Zv bv gviZ cvi Zvi Dci `g eZve| wK gqv` cvi nq
hvIqvi dj ZvK Avi Ki gviZ ne bv|
2. Kii Rb ZvkixKi wZbwU w`b GKw`b mgZzj, dj h
ew GK w`bi Ki Aci w`b wbc Kie Zvi Rb Zv h_
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274
nR I Dgivi AvnKvg
ne| Avi Zvi Dci wKQyB eZve bv Ze m Dg c_ cwinviKvix

ej mve ne|
weKvj KsKi wbci weavb:
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fxoi fq weKvjI wbc KiZ cvie| Kbbv bex [`:]
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gv_v gywqwQ, wZwb Di ejjb: Kvb Amyweav bB| Avi
ejj: weKvj Ki wbc KiwQ| Di wZwb ejjb: Kvb
Amyweav bB|1
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mybZ njv nvwR mvne RvgvivZ KsKi mgqgZ gvieb| Avi
cnix, cxwoZ, IRiM Ges hvì c fxo mn Kiv KKi
Zvì Rb 13 ZvwiL ch Ki wbc wcwQq `qv ea| m
ZLb cZK w`bi wmwiqvj eRvq iL Zv wbc Kie| c_g
w`bi Rb c_g c_gwU AZ:ci wZxqwU AZ:ci ZZxqwU| c_g
w`bi KvR kl nj c~ei wbqg wZxq w`bi AZ:ci ZZxq
w`bi KvR mvie| hw` kiqx IRi Qvov 13 ZvwiL _K Zv
1
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275
nR I Dgivi AvnKvg
wcwQq `q Ze m cvcx ne Ges Zvi Dci `gI IqvwRe ne|

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wbc wbcqvRb|
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KiZ cvieb|
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bvix-cyilì gaKvi `yej ew I QvUì ga hviv Ki
wbc AcviM Zvì c _K cwZwbwaZ Pje| Ze c_g
cwZwbwa wbRi c _K Ki wbc Kie| AZ:ci cZK
Rvgivi GKB RvqMvq _K (GKB hvvq) Abi jv wbc
Kie|
wgbvi mxgviLv:
c~e I cwg w`K _K gynvmmvi DcZKv I Rvgiv AvKvev I
gaeZx vb, Di I `wY w`K _K myDP cvnvo `ywU|
gyR`vwjdvi mxgviLv:
c~e w`K _K `ywU cvnvoi gaeZx cwggyLx mic_, cwg
w`K _K gynvmmvi DcZKv, Di w`K _K myevBi cvnvo,
`wY w`K _K gyivBLvZ cvnvomg~n|
ZIqvd Bdvhv ìx Kivi weavb:
mybZ nQ nvRx mvne Cì w`bB ZIqvd Bdvhv-wRqviv
Av`vq Kieb| Ze Zvi Rb ZvkixKi kl w`b wKsev whjnR
gvmi kl ch ìx Kiv ea| wK IRi Qvov whjnR gvmi
ci Zv ìx Kiv ea bq| hgb: Ggb Amy ew h Pj nvK
nR I Dgivi Aavq
276
nR I Dgivi AvnKvg
ev AvivnY Ki nK Kvb fveB ZIqvd KiZ mg_ bq A_ev

wVK Ggb gwnjv h, ZIqvd i Kivi c~eB FZzeZx nq coQ
BZvw`|
gyR`vwjdvq AvUKv cov ewi nRi weavb:
h ew Avivdv _K gyh`vwjdvi w`K iIqvbv KiQ; wK
fxo wKsev Ab Kvb IRiekZ: AvUKv co Gkvi Iqv cvi nq
hvIqvi Avkv KiQ Ze m c_B mvjvZ co wbe| Avi h
ew evavM nIqvi dj dRii ci ev m~h Dw`Z nIqvi ci
gyR`vwjdvq cuQe m mLvb wKQyY Aevb Kie| AZ:ci
wgbvi w`K PjZ _vKe GZ Ki Zvi Dci Kvb cKvi `g
IqvwRe ne bv|
h ew GKevi mejv cv_i wbc Kie Zvi GKwU Ki
MY ne| ZvB m Aewk QqwU c~Y Kie| wbci vb
g~jZ: cv_i Rgv nIqvi vb, nvDRK wPwZ Kivi Rb h
ùvo Kwiq ivLv nqQ Zv bq| (eZgvb Bnv bB)
FZzeZx gwnjvi ZIqvdi weavb:
Kvb gwnjv hw` ZIqvd wRqvivi c~e gvwmK FZzeZx nq
co A_ev mvb cme viv cm~wZ nq co Ze cwe bv nq
ZIqvd Kie bv| gvq Aevb Kie Ges cwe nj Mvmj Ki
ZIqvd Kie| wK hw` Ggb mv_xì m Gm _vK hviv Zvi
Rb Acv Kie bv Avi bv m gvq (Ab Kvb fve) _vKvi
mvg_ ivL Zvnj m Kvb bKov BZvw` viv cw ea ZIqvd
Ki wbe; Kbbv m AcviM Avi Avjvn Zvqvjv gvbyli mvai
evwni wKQy Pvwcq `b bv|
c RevB Kivi mgq Cì w`b _K i Ki 13ZvwiLi m~h
Wyev ch Pje|
nR I Dgivi Aavq
277
nR I Dgivi AvnKvg
Kvb gwnjv hw` Bnivg euvavi ci FZzeZx nq co Zvnj

ZIqvdi c~eB 9 ZvwiLi c~e cwe nq Mj m Dgiv c~Y
Kie| AZ:ci nRi wbqZ Ki Avivdvi w`K iIqvbv
Kie| wK hw` 9ZvwiLi c~e cwe bv nq Zvnj nRK
Dgivi ga cwe Kie Ges ej:
A- ' k 9 <2 ,
9 - F > g0! @
[Avjvv Bbx AvnivgZz wenvwb gvqv DgivZx]
n Avjvn! Avwg Avgvi Dgivi mv_ nRi wbqZ Kijvg|
Gi dj m KivbKvwiYxZ cwiYZ ne Ges nvRxì mv_
Aevb Kie| AZ:ci hLb cwe ne ZLb Mvmj Ki Kvev
Nii ZIqvd Kie|
Bdiv` I KivbKvix nvRx mvne hLb gvq AvMgb Ki
ZIqvd I mvqx Ki dje ZLb Zvi c mybZ GB h, m
Zvi nRK Dgivq cwiYZ Kie, dj m ZvgvzKvix ne| m
PvBj ZIqvdi c~eI wbqZ cwieZb Ki ZvgvzZ
icvwiZ KiZ cvi| Bdiv`Kvix ^xq nRK Kivb cwiYZ
Kie bv| Avi bv KivbKvix ^xq nRK Bdiv` cwiYZ
Kie; eis mybZ nQ Bdiv` Ges KivbKvix ^xq nRK
ZvgvzZ icvwiZ Kie| Ze KivbKvixi Rb G kZ
nQ GB h, ZvK c mv_ bv wbq AvmZ ne|
nR I DgivKvixi Rb ^xq wRnvK wg_v K_v, ciwb`v,
SMov I g` ^fvei K_v _K ndvRZ Kiv Acwinvh|
Ggwbfve Zvi mv_x wnmve fvj jvKì wbevPb Kiv DwPZ
Ges nR I Dgivi Rb nvjvj I cwe gvj evQvB Ki bIqv
evbxq|
nR I Dgivi Aavq
278
nR I Dgivi AvnKvg
Kvev Nii wfZi cki weavb:

Kvev Nii wfZi cek Kiv diR bq| Avi bv mybZ
gyqvv`v eis ZvZ cek Kiv Dg| Avi h cek Kie Zvi
Rb mLvb mvjvZ cov gyvnve-Dg| AviI gyvnve nQ ZKwei
cov, `vqv Kiv| Avi hw` ìRv w`q cek Ki Zvnj ìRvK
wcQb iL GZ`~i AMmi ne hb Zvi Ges `qvji gvSLvb
wZb nvZ eeavb _vK| AZ:ci mLvb mvjvZ Av`vq Kie|
nvZxg Kvev Nii Afy|
nR cvjb QqwU vb `vqvi myhvM:
mvqx Kivi mgq mvdv I gviIqvZ, Avivdvi gq`vb,
gyR`vwjdvq, c_g Rvgivq I wZxq Rvgivq Ki wbci ci|
GB gvU QqwU vb bex Kixg [`:] _K `vqv mve iqQ|
nvRxì cvbi vb wZbwU:
c_gwU: Cì ivZ Avivdv _K gyh`vwjdv AwfgyL|
wZxqwU: gyh`vwjdv _K wgbv AwfgyL|
ZZxqwU: ZIqvd Bdvhvi Dk wgbv _K gv AwfgyL|
gvkv'Bimg~n AeZiYi cwZ:
1. wgbv AMMvgx ewi Aevb j| h ew IRi eZxZ `yB ev
wZb ivw wgbvq Aevb KiZ cvie bv Zvi Dci `g IqvwRe ne
bv| h ew wgbvq Aevb bqvi Kvb RvqMv cve bv m h Kvb
w`K _K wgbv _K wmwiqvj Pj Avmv Zveymg~ni mv_ AeZiY
Kie hwÌ Zv wgbvi evBi nq| GgZvevq Zvi Dci Kvb
mgmv ev `g eZvebv| wgbvi dzUcvZ I c_ ivw hvcb Kie bv;
KviY GZ Zvi wbRi I Abì Rb K iqQ|
2. wgbv, gyh`vwjdv I AvivdvZ Gi gvVjv gmwR` mgZzj cwe
vb, Kviv c D vbmg~n evmv-evwo Zwi Kiv, fvov `qv
ea bq| wVK Ggwb fve Kvb Rwg wbq Zv fvov `qvI ea bq|
nR I Dgivi Aavq
279
nR I Dgivi AvnKvg
Ze KD GgbwU Kij jvKRb fvov c`vb gvhvM ej

weewPZ ne| Avi Zv MnYKvixi Dci cvc eZve| ivca vbi
Dci `vwqZ GB eZvq h, wZwb jvKRbK myweav I Avivg`vqK
eev viv ghv`vc~Y vbmg~n Aevbi myhvM Ki wèb|
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Avyi ingvb Beb gyAvh [] _K ewYZ, wZwb bex Kixg [`:]Gi GKRb mvnvex _K eYbv Kib wZwb ejb h, bex Kixg [`:]
jvKRbi Dk wgbvq Lyrev c`vb Kib Ges ZvìK Avcb
Avcb Aevb AeZiY Kivb| wZwb wKejvi Wvb w`K BwZ Ki
ejb: gynvwRiMY GB vb AeZiY KiK| Avi wKejvi evg w`K
BwZ Ki ejb: AvbmviMY GB vb Aevb wbe|
Abvb jvKRb Zvì Avk-cvk Aevb wbe|1
nvRx mvne hw` ZIqvd BdvhvK wcwQq w`q cwikl we`vq
Kvj D wbqZ ZIqvd Ki Zvnj Zv we`vqx ZIqvdi
RbI h_ ne| Ze Dg KvR cwiZvMKvix ej weewPZ
ne|
hvi Dci we`vqx ZIqvd AeavwiZ nqQ Z`ycwi m ewiq
co, Zvi Dci wdi Gm we`vqx ZIqvd Kiv Acwinvh| Avi
hw` Zv bv Ki Ze Zvi Dci `g IqvwRe ne|
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 1951 k ZviB, bvmvC nvt bs 2996
nR I Dgivi Aavq
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wkKvi Kiv hve bv|2
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gmwR` wZbwU nQ: gmwR` nvivg, gmwR` beex I gmwR`
AvKmv|
1. gmwR` nvivg: Beivnxg (AvjvBwnm mvjvg) I Z`xq cy
BmgvCj (AvjvBwnm mvjvg) cwZv Kib| Bnv gymjgvbì
wKejv| Gi wbKUB Zvì nR cvwjZ nq _vK| gvbyli Rb
c_g Ni wnmve GUvB cwZwZ nq| Avjvn GK RMZevmxi Rb
eiKZ I wn`vqvZi K` we`yZ cwiYZ KiQb|
2. gmwR` beex: Bnv gynvv` [`:] cwZv KiQb| wZwb
ZvKIqvi Dci wfw KiB Gi cwZv Kib|
3. gmwR` AvKmv: Bnv BqvKze (AvjvBwnm mvjvg) cwZv Kib|
G nQ gymwjg mgvRi `yB wKejvi c_gwU|
D gmwR`mg~n ewk mIqve wgj, ZvB G KviY I Abvb
ewki Rb D wZbwU gmwR` Qvov Ab Kvb vbi Dk
mdi Kiv ea bq|

nR I Dgivi Aavq
294
gmwR` beexi wRqviZ
gmwR` beex wRqviZi weavb:

gymjgvb ewi Rb gmwR` beexi wRqviZ I Z_vq cek
Ki `yivKvZ ZvwnqvZzj gmwR` bvgR Av`vq Kiv mybZ| AZ:ci
bexi Keii wbKU Mgb Ki Zvi myL ùvwoq GB ej mvjvg
Rvbve:
A8- `
W $D ' F = M @M%> 6
3
S
AZ:ci Kei wRqviZi `vqv cvV Kie| GK avc Wvb w`K mi
Avey eKi (iv:)-Gi Dci mvjvg ck Kie| AZ:ci Aviv
GKavc Wvb w`K AMmi nq Abyicfve Dgi (iv:)-Gi Dci
mvjvg ck Kie|
&. RF>
R9 9 :
a=
: - %- * >

&R> d-O>
.3 S 7= > EF F= )d b 7= ! ]S
%
.7 7a>
Avey ivBiv (iv:) _K ewYZ h, im~jyjvn [`:] Gikv` KiQb:

h KD Avgvi Dci mvjvg ck Kij Avjvn Zvqvjv Avgvi in
diZ `b ZLb Avwg Zvi mvjvgi Reve w`q _vwK|1
gmwR` beexZ mvjvZ covi dwRjZ:
g`xbvi gmwR` beexZ GK Iqv bvgvR gmwR` nvivg
Qvov Ab h Kvb gmwR` GK nvRvi bvgvRi mgvb mIqve|
Y* l&/
S
9 B :V
:
g
- '

. J1E9.
3 -2
( & /
S
' ( ! X a 'B :. t
(>
9 )D
B( >
1. Beb Dgi (ivwhqvjvn Avbgv) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, bex

Kixg [`:] ejQb: Avgvi gmwR` GK Iqv mvjvZ Abvb
1
. nv`xmwU nvmvb, Avngv` nvt bs 10827 Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 2041
295
nR I Dgivi Aavq
gmwR` beexi wRqviZ
gmwR` nZ GK nvRviY ekx mIqve| Ze gvmwR` nvivg

ewZiK|1
E
9 :
g
K
= : - %- * >

. J1E9.Ka F

l - 9 $ /

( j
%=
9 $V K = l - 9
2. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ bex [] ejb:Avgvi Ni I

wg^vii gvSLvb RvbvZi GKwU evMvb| Avi Avgvi wg^vi Avgvi
nvDRi Dci AewZ|2
gw`bvi cwm Keivb evwKDj MviKv` I Dì knx`ì
Kei wRqviZ mvjvg `qv I Zvì Rb `vqv I GMdvi
Kiv mybZ|
Kei wRqviZi mgq eje:
9
9 & P( ES
' ( F - % f
' S
' (
9 ' (
9 = %g& ) * > 3 S
.S9 d-O>
. aDPF CD \[ i ( ! 0! f

% -O +( ES
' (
Avmmvjvvgy Avjvv Avnwj`w`qvvwi wgbvj gywgbxbv Iqvjgymwjgxb,

Iqv Bqvinvgyjvj gyvKw`gxbv wgbvv IqvjgyvwLixb, Iqv Bbvv
BbkvvAvjv weKyg jvjvvwnKb|
A_ev eje:
f aDPF \[ i ( ! 0! f
' S
' (
9 ' (
9 = %g& ) * > CD 3 S
.S9 d-O>.
$ B ;( CD D + >
Avmmvjvvgy AvjvBKzg Avnwj`w`qvvwi wgbvj gywgbxbv

Iqvjgymwjgxb, Iqv Bbvv BbkvvAvjv jvjvvwnKb, AvmAvjyjvnv
jvbvv IqvjvKzgyj Avvwdqvn&|
1
2
. eyLvix nvt bs 1190 gymwjg nvt nv: 1395 k ZviB

. eyLvix nvt bs 1196 gymwjg nvt bs 1391
nR I Dgivi Aavq
296
gmwR` beexi wRqviZ
Kzev gmwR` bvgvRi dwRjZ:

gymjgvb ewi Rb wbR Ni Ihy Ki Kvb hvbevnb ev
cvq nuU gmwR` Kzevq Mgb Kiv, mLvb `yB ivKvZ mvjvZ
Av`vq Kiv mybZ, hv GK Dgivi mgvb mIqve|
B - @N A
9 :
D a= : t
. F
) @

_RS d-O>
. :. - ' - d +8 8 f:e

B u
B \[ D & /
S
9 A> wD E
.d9

mvnj Beb nvbxd (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjv n [`:]

Gikv` KiQb: h ew wbR Ni Ihy Ki gmwR` Kzevq
AvMgb Kij Ges Z_vq mvjvZ Av`vq Kij Zvi Rb GK Dgivi
mgvb mIqve wgje|1
gmwR` beexi wRqviZ nR ev Dgivi Afy Kvb KvR bq|
ZvB GUv eZxZ nR ev Dgiv Av`vq nq hve| wK Awbw`
fve h Kvb mgq ZvZ bvgvRi Dk wRqviZ Kiv mybZ|
. nv`xmwU mnxn, bvmvC nvt bs 699, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 1412 k ZviB
nR I Dgivi Aavq
297
nvw`, Kzievwb I AvKxKvi c
11- nvw`, Kzievwb I AvKxKvi c

nv`x: hv evnxgvZzj Avbqvg (hme c Kzievwb RvqR) nZ
Avjvni mw ARbi j nvivgi Rb DrmMxZ c Ges
hv Zvgvz nR A_ev Kivb nR wKsev evavMi KviY IqvwRe
nq ZvK nv`x ej|
Dhwnqvn: H cvYxK ej hvK Kzievwbi w`bjvZ Avjvni
mw ARbi Dk RevB Kiv nq, PvB Zv DU-Dx nvK
wKsev Mi-Mvfx nvK wKsev QvMj-`y^v nvK|
Kzievwbi weavb: mvg_evb gymjgvb ewi c GUv cvjb
Kiv mybZ gyqvv`v| [KD IqvwReI ejQb| Abyev`K]
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
:
l } | { zm
Zvgvi cwZcvjKi Dk mvjvZ Av`vq Ki I Kzievwb Ki|

[m~iv KvDmvi: 2]
nv`x RevB Kivi mgq:
nv`x `y&B cKvi:
c_g: Zvgz I Kivb nRi I bdj nv`x| Gi RevB Kivi mgq
Kzievwbi w`b mKvj nZ AvBqvg ZvkixKi 13 ZvwiLi m~h Wyev
ch| Gi gvsm nZ wbR I dwKi-wgmwKbK LvIqvbv Dg|
Bnv nvivgi mxgvbvi wfZi RevB KiZ ne hgb: gvq A_ev
wgbvq wKsev gyR`vwjdv BZvw`|
Avjvni evYx:
~}| { z y x w v u I

nR I Dgivi Aavq
298

.[
/] H

Avi nvivgi j DrmMxKZ DUK Avwg Zvgvì Rb

Avjvni AbZg wb`kb KiwQ| GZ Zvgvì Rb gj iqQ|
myZivs mvwiefve euvav Aevq Zvì RevB Kivi mgq Zvgiv
Avjvni bvg DPviY Ki| AZ:ci hLb Zviv KvZ nq co hvq
ZLb Zv _K Zvgiv Avnvi Ki Ges Avnvi KivI h wKQy hvv
Ki bv ZvK Ges h hvv Ki ZvK| Ggbwfve Avwg GjvK
Zvgvì ekxf~Z Ki w`qwQ, hvZ Zvgiv KZZv cKvk Ki|
[m~iv nvR:36]
wZxq: evavMi nv`x| Gi RevB Kivi mgq hLb Zvi KviY
cvIqv hve, PvB Zv nvivg nvK ev Zvi evBi nvK| G _K
wbR Lve bv eis dwKi-wgmwKbìK LvIqve|
Kzievwb RevB Kivi mgq:
Cì w`b Cì mvjvZ _K wbq ZvkixKi w`b kl nIqv
ch (Cì w`b _K wbq cieZx Aviv wZbw`b)|
Kzievwbi MvkZ _K wbR LvIqv, AvZxq-^RbK nvw`qv
Ìqv I dwKi wgmwKbìK mv`Kv Kiv gyvnve-Dg|
Kzievwbi dwRjZ AbK eo; KviY GZ Avjvni bKU jvf
iqQ| Aviv iqQ cwievii Dci Lvbvwcbv cwiwai wevi,
dwKi wgmwKbì DcKvi I AvZxqZv eb I cwZewkì
m mK gReyZ ivLvi myeev|
nv`x, Kzievwb I AvKxKvi ci kZmg~n:
1. DUi Rb cuvP eQi, Mi `yB eQi, I QvMj GK eQi I fov
Qq gvm nIqv evbxq| Kzievwb AeavwiZ nq Mj Zv Acv
Dg Kvb cvYx viv e`j Kiv Qvov Zv wew ev `vb Ki `qv ea
bq|
nR I Dgivi Aavq
299
2. nR I AvKxKvq ev KzievwbZ RevB Kivi Rb wbw` PZz`

R nIqv IqvwRe| Avi Bnv kixqZ mZ eqm DxY Ges
`vlgy nZ ne| Avi mevcv DrK ej weewPZ ne hwU
myVvg, `vgx I k|
QvMj GK ewi Rb h_| DU I Mi mvZ ewi c _K
h_ ne| Kvb ew wbRi I Zvi cwievii RxweZ wKsev
gZ mevi c _K GKwU QvMj ev DU wKsev Mi viv Kzievwb
Av`vq Kij Zv ea ne| mvejw^ ewi c GKvwaK cvYx
viv (nRi) nvw` I Kzievwb Av`vq Kiv gyvnve|
RxweZ ewi c Kzievwb Kiv mybZ| Avi gZ ewi c
_K Avjv`v fve bq eis RxweZì mv_ Afy wnmve
Kzievwb KiZ ne| wK hw` wZwb AwmqZ Ki hvb Zvnj
Zvi bvg Avjv`v Ki KiZ ne|
Kzievwb KiZ BQzK ewi Dci hv Kiv nvivg:
h ew Kzievwb Kie Zvi c whjnR gvmi c_g `k w`b
Pzj, Pvgov ev bL KvUv nvivg| hw` Gmei wKQy Ki dj Ze
Avjvni wbKU gv PvBe Kvb cKvi wd`qv Riwi ne bv|
,
RO 7 #! :
> @ ` K= $ ' g3>D

.S9 d-O>
. eq i X - 4
X - ; i
9 Q' % B g2
% ( > 8D & F > 7 => - 4
; (
D mvjgv (ivwhqvjv Avbnv) _K ewYZ h, bex Kixg [`:]

Gikv` Kib: hLb whjnRGi 10 w`b Avm Ges Zvgvì
KD Kzievwb Kivi wbqZ Ki, ZLb hb m ^xq Pzj I Pvgovi
Kvb Ask bv KvU|1
h ew wbRi I cwievii c _K Kzievwb Ki Zvi Rb
GB `vqv co Zv RevB Kiv mybZ:
1
.gymwjg nvt bs 1977
nR I Dgivi Aavq
300
YR* @ fg9 )( P A @ f6 6

9 Y* ! @ f-8( > `
f`
W
E ) * >
g
[wemwgjvwn Iqvjv AvKevi, Avjvv Bbv nvvhvv wgbKv IqvjvK&,
Avjvv ZvKevj wgbx, Avjvv nvvhvv Avbx Iqv Avb Avnwj
evBZx|]
DU bn&i I Abvb cvYx RevB Kivi cwZ:
mybZ nQ DUK ùvovbv Aevq Zvi evg nvZ ea RevB
Kiv| Avi Zv Qvov Mi I QvMj ^vfvweKfve RevB Kiv, Ze Gi
wecixZ KivI ea| DUi RevB (bvni) ne Mjvi wbfvM| Avi
Mi I QvMji RevB ne Mjvi DcwifvM ZvK evg cvki Dci
fi Ki Bq wè Ges Zvi Nvoi Dci Wvb cv iL gv_v Pc
ai RevB Kie Ges eje :
wemwgjvwn Iqvjv AvKevi . - 8( > `
`
W
f
0- R(>
2
9 >
4
C
M 2K
: Q
0>

. J1E9
.'@ F 1
d = k K
f- 8 ' f X & '@ 2
#
Avbvm [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, bex [] `ywU myVvg wks wewk
`y^v viv Kzievwb Kib| wZwb wbR nvZ DfqwU RevB Kib| wZwb
wemwgjvwn Avjv AvKevi ejb Ges ^xq cv Zvì Nvoi Dci
ivLb|1
mybZ nQ nRi nvw` ev Kzibvwbi c Kzievwb`vZv wbRi
nvZ RevB Kiv| Avi hw` RevB KiZ bv Rvb ev bv cvi
Zvnj DcwZ _vKv| KmvBK Kzievwbi ci MvkZ _K
wKQy cvwikwgK wnmve wè bv| hvi c _K Kzievwb nQ
Zvi bvg DjL Kiv Pje| RevB nvjvj nIqvi Rb Kbvjx,
1
.eyLvix nvt bs 5565 gymwjg nvt bs 1966
nR I Dgivi Aavq
301
Lv`bvjx, eo iM `ywU A_ev GKwU I i cevwnZ nIqvB

h_|
hv viv Kzievwb h_ bq:
R $V ; = > :D aDP%
a= k 0> m
5
\W -

\ Rd- ; ( f@K
- 9
g( $D
% -' ( f*= a
g( \ =a ; ( :gF K+( B
% b/
%
._S 7 7 a> d-O> .
P A E :D

S
W C ( f@; (
g(
eviv Beb AvRe [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb h, wZwb bex

Kixg []K ejZ bQb h, Pvi cKvi cvYx Kzievwbi Rb
h_ bq: my Kvbv, my ivMx, my jsov I GZ nvjKvcvZjv hvi Mvq gvsm bB|1
gymjgvb ew nRi ev Kzievwbi cvYxmn Ab h Kvb
mIqvei Dk RevBKZ cvYx RevB Kivi ci hw` Zv
ivMx ej Rvbv hvq, Ze Bnv h_ ne bv| Kbbv G viv
Dk wm nqwb|
c~Y ev AvswkK wbZ^ KvUv, KzuR KvUv, A ev cvqi bjv KvUv
BZvw` cvYx viv Kzievwb nRi RevBmn Kvb cKvi mIqvei
RevBi KvR h_ bq|
mevg Kzievwb I nv`x:
nv`x I KzievwbZ mevg njv c~Y GKwU DU| Gici c~Y
GKwU Mi-Mvfx| AZ:ci `y^v I QvMj| Gici DU A_ev Mii
mvZ fvMi GKfvM| Avi AvKxKvi Rb DU ev Mii fvMv viv
Pje bv| GKwU DU ev GKwU Mi wKsev `y^v-QvMj GKRbi
AvKxKvi Rb h_| `y^v-QvMj viv AvKxKv KivB Dg; KviY
Bnv nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| Avi eUv c gq ci PvBZ Dg|
1
nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~`vE` nvt bs 2802, bvmvC nvt bs 4370 k ZviB mnxn
nR I Dgivi Aavq
302
AvnKvg I eqm Ges Yvb AvKxKv Kzievwbi gZB| wK

AvKxKvZ fvMv Pje bv| ZvB GKRbi c _K GKwU
QvMj ev GKwU Mi wKsev GKwU DU Qvov mwVK ne bv|
AvKxKv: beRvZ wki c _K c RevB Kivi bvg| Bnv
Avjvni mwi Rb RevB KiZ ne|
AvKxKvi weavb I RevB Kivi mgq:
mvb RbMnY Kij AvKxKv weavb mZ| ZvB hLb mvb
RxweZ RbMnY Kie ZLb Zvi c _K AvKxKv Kiv mybZ|
Qj mvb nj `ywU Lvwm-`y^v I gq mvb nj GKwU Lvmx-`y^v
RevB Kiv mybZ| mvb Rbi mg w`b RevB nZ ne| mB
w`bB Zvi bvg ivLv, Qj mvb nj gv_v gyvbv I Zvi Pzj
cwigvY mvbv ev icv mv`Kv Kiv meB mybZ| hw` mg w`b Zv bv
KiZ cvi Ze P w`bi w`b AvKxKv Kie| hw` ZvZI bv
KiZ cvi Ze GKzkZg w`b Zv Kie| hw` ZvI bv KiZ
cvi, Ze Ab h Kvb mgq Ki wbe| Aviv mybZ nQ h,
mvbK LRyi A_ev Abyic wKQy viv wgw gyL Kivbv|
gwnjviv cuvPwU welq cyili AaK:
DivwaKvi, nZvi w`qZ Z_v Rwigvbv, mv c`vb, AvKxKv
Ges AvRvì evcvi|
AvKxKv nQ Avjvni Dk wbZ-bZzb wbqvgZi Dci
Kwiqv Av`vq I beRvZ wki gywcY Ges Avjvni bKU|
hnZz Qj nQ Avjvni c _K eo wbqvgZ I AbyMn
ZvB Zvi KwiqvI eo nIqv PvB, weavq m `ywU
QvMj I gqi GKwU QvMj chvR|
nR I Dgivi Aavq
303
beRvZ wk Rbi mymsev` Ìqvi weavb:

gymwjgi Rb mybZ njv Zvi fvBK Avb` Ìqvi evcvi
Rjw` Kiv Ges hv viv Lywk nq Zv AeMZ Kivbv| Avi beRvZ
wki Rbi Rb ZvK ^vMZg Rvbvbv I `yqv Kiv|
Hba`_~}|{zyxwvI
.[ /]
n RvKvwiqv, Avwg ZvgvK GK cyi mymsev` w`wQ, Zvi bvg

ne Bqvn&qv| BwZc~e GB bvg Avwg KviI bvgKiY Kwiwb|
[m~iv gviqvg:7]
beRvZ wki bvg ivLvi mgq:
1. mybZ njv wki Rbi w`b Zvi bvg ivLv|
3^ ?D $ & : D a= : `
K
= 6
. 9
Q
0>

.S9 X =
. * -! > E 'S

B
Avbvm Beb gvjK [] _Z ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn []

ejQb:AvR ivwZ Avgvi GKRb mvb RbMnY KiQ| Avwg
Zvi bvg iLwQ Beivnxg Avgvi wcZvgni bvg bvg|1
2. Dg njv Rbi mg w`bi ci bvg ivLvi evcvi ìx bv
Kiv| Ze welqwU evcK, ZvB mvZ w`bi c~e ev ci DfqUv
RvqR|
|
Y( A EP P;
^ * = 3 ?D ) 8D : ` a= > `
K
= : - '

.7 7 a> &> d-O>
.'S
% >(= J 2
R% k S 3 a %
nR I Dgivi Aavq
304
mvgyiv [] _K ewYZ, im~jyjvn [] ejQb:cwZwU Qj mvb

Zvi AvKxKvq eK _vK| mg w`b Zvi c _K AvKxKvi c
RevB, gv_vi Pzj gb I bvg ivLZ ne|1
beRvZ wki bvgKiY:
mybZ nQ beRvZ wki Rb Avjvni wbKU mevcv myì I
wcq bvg Pqb Kiv hgb: Avyjvn I Avyi ingvb| AZ:ci Dg
bvg nQ Avjvni Abvb h Kvb bvgi mv_ Av hy Ki bvg
ivLv hgb: Avyj AvRxR, Avyj gvjK BZvw`| AZ:ci bexim~jì bvg bvgKiY| Gici bK ewì bvg bvgKiY|
AZ:ci hv gvbyli Rb gvbvbmB Ges fvj A_en hgb: Rvq`,
nvmvb BZvw`| Avi hme bvg ivLv nvivg Zv cwieZb Ki Dg
bvg ivLv IqvwRe|
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Avngv` nv: bs 20188 k ZviB I Ave~ `vE` nv: bs 2838
305
PZz_ ce
jb`b
GZ iqQ:
1. eemv-evwYR
14. BRviv
2. GLwZqvi
15. cwZhvwMZv
3. mvjvg
16. avi
4. my`
17. jyU-ZvivR
5. FY
18. AMqvwaKvi
6. eK-cY ivLv
19. AvgvbZ
7. RvgvbZ I wRv`vwi
20. cwiZv Rwgb Avev`
8. wewbgqc
21. Kwgkb
9. hywc
22. Kzovbv e I wk
10. wbwlKiY
23. IqvKd&
11. IKvjwZ-GRw
24. nev I `vb
12. Kvvbx
25. AwmqZ
13. fvM Rwg Pvl I cvwb Ìqv 26. Mvjvg AvRv`
306
:
KJI HGFE DCBAI

X WVUTSRQP ONML
ba`_^]\[ZY
[- : ] Hgfedc
Avjvni evYx:
n Cgvb`viMY! Rygvi w`b hLb mvjvZi Rb Avnvb Kiv nq
ZLb Avjvni wRwKi (mvjvZ)-Gi w`K QyU hvI Ges eemvevwYR ZvM Ki| BnvB Zvgvì Rb Dg hw` Zvgiv
RvbZ| hLb (Rygvi) mvjvZ kl ne ZLb Zvgiv Rwgb
Qwoq coe Ges Avjvni AbyMn (RxweKv) A^lY Kie| Avi
AvjvnK ewk Ki iY Kie hvZ Zvgiv mdjKvg nZ
cvi| [m~iv Rygy Av: 9-10]
jb`b
307
eemv Aavq
jb`b
1- eemv-evwYR
Gev`Z I jb`bi ga cv_K:
Bmjvg GKwU cwic~Y xb-ag hv mv I mwi gaKvi
mKK mymsnZ Ki Ggb me Gev`Zmg~ni gvag hjv
AvZv I AiK cwi Ki| Ggwbfve mwi ga cviwiK
jb`bK myfve cwiPvjbv Ki hgb: evwYR, weevn,
DivwaKvi, `wewa BZvw`| G Qvov gvbyl fvB fvB wnmve
wbivcv, Bbmvd I fvjevmvi fZi w`q emevm KiZ cvi|
xbi meenr KjvY:
Avmgvbx kwiqZi KjvYi g~j wZbwU:
c_g: wechqKi wRwbmK `~iKiY| GK RiwiqvZ Z_v Riwi
welq ej|
wZxq: KjvY Avg`vwb Kiv| GK nvwRqvZ Z_v cqvRbxq welq
ej|
ZZxq: Dg Pwii Dci Pjv| GK Zvn&mxbvZ Z_v m`h welq
ej| Avi Riwi welqjv cwZvjvf Kie cuvPwU wRwbm _K
wechq `~i Kivi gvag| Zv njv: xb, Rxeb, weeK, BZmvb I m`| Avi KjvY Avg`vwb me cqvRbxq I gvbyli
gvSi kwiKvbaxb welqjvK kwiqZ eaKiY| hvZ Ki
cwZwU ew Zvi wbRi cqvRb I Abvbì _K KjvY
Avg`vwb KiZ cvi hgb: eemv-evwYR I fvov BZvw`| Avi
Dg Pwii cwZ Pjv fvjYi Kvhvw` Kivi viv me hv myì
RxebK ew Ki| G Qvov Rxeb eq Avb kvw, fvjevmv I
wbivcv|
308
jb`b
eemv Aavq
Pzwci cKvi:
Pzwc wZb cKvi:
1. wbQK e`jvi Dci wfwkxj h_v: eemv-evwYR, fvov I
Kvvbx BZvw`|
2. aygv Aby`vbi Dci wfwkxj h_v: nev-`vb, mvK`v, avi,
RvgvbZ BZvw`|
3. Aby`vb I e`jv Dfqi Dci wfwkxj h_v: FY, GUv GK A_
mv`Kv Avevi Aci c Zv e`jvI eU KviY; Abyic e viv Zv
cwikva Kiv nq|
eemv-evwYR: Bnv gvji e`j gvji Av`vb-c`vbi bvg hv
gvwjKvbvi Dk nq _vK|
eemv gvbyli cKvi:
eemv gvbyl wZb cKvi:
wKQy gvbyl AvQ hviv Bbmvdi mv_ eemv Ki| Avi wKQy
AvQ hviv eemvq Ryjyg Ki| Avi wKQy AvQ hviv eemvq Gnmvb
Ki| AZGe, h eemvqx Bbmvdi mv_ wew Kie Ges
Bbmvdi mv_ g~j MnY Kie m bv Ryjyg Kie Avi bv KD Zvi
cwZ Ryjyg Kie Bnv RvqR| Avi h Ryjyg I Abvqfve wew
Kie hgb: avKvevwR, wg_v I my` BZvw` Bnv nvivg| Avi h
Gnmvbi mv_ we Kie, KbvePvq D`vi ne, cwikva mgq
è, Iqv`v c~iY Rjw` Kie Ges g~j ew Ki bv| Bnv
mevg cKvi|
1. Avjvni evYx:
u t s r q p o n m l k I
.[/]H
| { z y xwv
Avjvn bvqcivqYZv, m`vPviY Ges AvZxq-^RbK `vb Kivi
jb`b
309
eemv Aavq
Av`k `b Ges wZwb AkxjZv, AmZ K_v Ges AevaZv

KiZ eviY Kib| wZwb ZvgvìK Dc`k `bhvZ
Zvgiv iY ivL| [m~iv bvn&j: 90]
2. Avjvni evYx:
f e d c b a ` _ ^ ] \[Z Y X W I
.[/]Hsr q p on m l k j ih g
Avi Avjvn q-weq ea KiQb Ges my` nvivg KiQb|

AZ:ci hvi KvQ Zvi cvjbKZvi c _K Dc`k GmQ Ges
m weiZ nqQ, c~e hv nqMQ, Zv Zvi| Zvi evcvi Avjvni
Dci wbfkxj| Avi hviv cybivq my` bq, ZvivB Rvnvbvg hve|
Zviv mLvb wPiKvj Aevb Kie| [m~iv evKviv:275]
R #! x2' ed = F = :D aPD % > ` K= - d

.l=U d-O>
. E( #! -Ei #!
3. Rvei [] _K ewYZ bex [] ejb:Avjvn H ewi cwZ

`qv Kib h KbvePv I FY Av`vq D`vicv Aej^b Ki|1
DcvRbxq Kvhvw` Kivi nKgZ:
gymjgvb ew DcvRbi h Kvb KvR Kij m ZvZ Avjvni
Kzg evevqb Kivi Dk Zv Ki _vK| Avjvni wb`k gvbvi
gvag Zuvi mw Kvgbv Ki GZ bex [`:]-Gi mybZ RxweZ KivI
mevcwi wb`wkZ Dcvq Aej^bi KvRi Dk Zv Ki _vK|
cwikl Avjvn Zvqvjv ZvK Dg RxweKv `vb Kib Ges ZvK
Dg LvZ Zv eenvi Kivi ZIwdK `vb Kib|
310
jb`b
eemv Aavq
eemv-evwYR wewae Kivi nKgZ:

hnZz UvKv-cqmv, cY I ev`x gvbyli gvS GKK Rbi
wbKU GKvKUv iqQ| Avi GK Rbi wbKU we`gvb ei cwZ
Abvbì cqvRb iqQ hv m cwZ`vb Qvov KvDK w`Z mZ
bq| GQvovI eemv-evwYR ew cqvRb I Dk mvabi eev
wbwnZ iqQ| bPr gvbyl wQbZvB, Pzwi, Uvjevnvbv I gvivgvwii
Avkq wbZ eva nZ| ZvB Avjvn Zvqvjv Dciv myweav ARb I
mgmv Govbvi Rb eemv-evwYRK ea KiQb|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
:
l s [ Z Y X Wm
Avjvn (wbw`) eemv-evwYRK nvjvj KiQb Avi my`K

KiQb nvivg [m~iv evKviv: 275]
eemv-evwYR we nIqvi kZvejx:
1- Zv I weZvi Dfqi mwZ _vKv| Ze KvDK kwiqZi
Kvb KviY eva Kiv ZeyI KvR Pje|
2- PzwZ Ave ewì Av`vb-c`vbi hvMZv _vKv h_v
DfqK ^vaxb, mvevjK I cwic vbi AwaKvix nIqv|
3- wewZ e Ggb cKwZi nIqv PvB hv viv mvaviYfve DcKZ
nIqv hvq| ZvB h e viv DcKZ nIqvi Avkv Kiv hvq bv
hgb: gkv, ZjvcvKv A_ev hvi dvq`v MnY Kiv nvivg hgb:
g` I k~Ki A_ev hv wekl cqvRb I KwVb cwiwwZ Qvov ea bv
hgb: KzKzi I gZ jvk BZvwì q-weq ea bq| Ze gZ gvQ
I cycvji evcvi ^Z|
4- wewZ cY weZvi gvwjKvbvaxb A_ev wewi mgq m
Dk Abygv`bcv nIqv PvB|
jb`b
311
eemv Aavq
5- wewZ cY Zv-weZv Dfq ci wbKU `L A_ev

weeiY viv cwiwPZ nIqv PvB|
6- g~ji cwigvY mK Rvbv _vKv PvB|
7- wewZ cY nvi hvM nIqv PvB| ZvB mvMii cvwbZ gvQ
A_ev AvKvk Do cvwL BZvw` AwbwZ cY wnmve cwiMwYZ
nIqvq G mei ePvKbv ea bq| DjL h, Gme kZvejx Dfq
cK Ryjyg, auvKv Ges my` _K iv Kivi ^v_B wbavwiZ Kiv
nqQ|
gykiKì mv_ KbvePvi weavb:
cwZwU gymwjg I Agymwjgi mv_ kwiqZ ea wRwbmi
KbvePv Kiv RvqR|
\[ d wD g k 9 8D : ' @ ` K= - C( >

' F - &

$e RN 3 > x; : M PB f@D aS% r )V % ah ;4
9 ^ - 4
9 )V d =
. J1E9
.:e i 9 -Ei B fk^ )( f :
Avyi ingvb Beb Avey eKi [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avgiv
bex []-Gi mv_ wQjvg Ggb mgq GKRb AcwicvwU Pzj wewk
j^v AvKwZi gykiK QvMj wbq nvwRi nj| bex [] ejjb: wew
bv `vb| jvKwU ejj, bv, eis wew| bex [] Zvi _K GKwU
QvMj q Kijb|1
wK viv q-weq AbywZ nq:
q-weq `ywU cwqvq msNwUZ nq:
1- K_v viv: Zv eje, Avwg Zvgvi wbKU wew Kijvg ev
ZvgvK gvwjK evbvjvg BZvw`| cwZDi Zv eje: Avwg q
Kijvg ev MnY Kijvg BZvw` k hv mPivPi eeZ nq _vK|
1
jb`b
312
eemv Aavq
2- KvR viv: Zv nQ Av`vb-c`vb h_v GK c eje: AvgvK

`k UvKvi gvsm w`b dj Kvb K_v bv ejB ZvK w`q w`j ev
Ggwb aiYi cPwjZ h Kvb cwZ nZ cvi hv viv mwZ jvf
nq|
jb`b mshgi dwRjZ:
gymjgvb ewi q-weq, cvbvnvi I me cKvi jb`b
mybZx cvq mymb nIqv DwPZ| dj m my nvjvjK eQ
wbe Ges Gi vivB jb-`b Kie Ges nvivg cwinvi Kie I
Zv viv jb`b gvUB Kie bv| Avi m`nc~Y evcvi cwinvi
KivB DwPZ hvZ Ki wbRi xb I mgi ndvRZ nq Ges
nvivg hb cwZZ bv nq|
R
a= ,
; ' : '@ ` K=
4

'; M

R@' ; % L
^ @ E4
9 '@ f
^ g 3 -2
( ! f
^ g 2
( ! :D aDP%
RB k R
R9 RK- %& >- E fL
@M4 PA
' B

9
^ n8
> f B k A- % ( > 6
i a% '2
( a F - % -8 3 -2
( B k L
@M4
#! $e r R9 & S
/
( B ! > f 9 = 29 'F ! > x'F 6
. 9 ])CD !
s
R(P ( R* > 8D & S
/
( & S
B L
& S
B #! f 8D & S
/
( |

,
2

. J1E9.
bygvb Beb evkxi (ivwhqvjv Avbgv) _K ewYZ wZwb

ejb, Avwg im~jyjvn [`:]K ejZ bwQ h wbq nvjvj e
my Ges nvivgI my| Avi G `yqi gvS wKQy e iqQ
m`nRbK hv Avjvn eZxZ Avi KD Rvbb bv| eZ: h ew
m`nRbK e _K eP _vKj m Zvi xb I mgK ndvRZ
ivLj| cvi h m`nRbK KvR wj nj m nvivgB wj
nj| Bnv hb H ivLvji bvq h wbwl GjvKvi cvk c Pivq
hv AwPiB m ZvZ cwZZ nIqvi Avkv ivL| Rb ivL cZK
jb`b
313
eemv Aavq
ev`kvni wbw` PviYf~wg _vK| Avi Avjvni PviY fwg njv

nvivgKZ emg~n| Rb ivL h cwZwU kixi GKwU gvsmwc
iqQ m mskvwaZ nj kixi mskvab nq hvq| cvi m
web nj mg kixi web nq co| Avi Rb ivL Zv nQ
Ai|1
m`nRbK m` Kv_vq LiP KiZ ne:
m`nc~Y m` Ggb meLvZ eq Kiv DwPZ hv `~i DcKvii
KvR jvM| Avi mevcv KvQi DcKvi nQ Avnvh Z_v hv
cU cek Ki| AZ:ci hv cwiaq Z_v hv wcV XvK| Gici hv
evnb RvZxq hgb : Nvov I Mvwo BZvw`|
nvjvj DcvRbi dwRjZ:
c b a ` _ ^ ] \ [ Z Y Xm
:
l g f e d
hLb (Rygvi) mvjvZ kl ne ZLb Zvgiv Rwgb Qwoq coe

Ges Avjvni AbyMn (RxweKv) A^lY Kie| Avi AvjvnK ewk
Ki iY Kie hvZ Zvgiv mdjKvg nZ cvi|
[m~iv Rygy Av: 10]
) 8 > 9 :
a=
K
= 3 &P( ' (

3RS 7 7 0 ! X& % ) '
9 ) 8D +( % ( >
9 x- O
x9;h &^ F >
.l=U d-O>.X &
%
) '
9 )D 8D +( % 8
2. wgK`vg (iv:) _K ewYZ, wZwb bex Kixg [`:] _K eYbv

Kib, wZwb [] ejb:KD Zvi nvZi KvgvB Acv Dg Kvb
1
jb`b
314
eemv Aavq
DcvRb fY Ki bv| Avi Avjvni bex `vD` (AvjvBwnm mvjvg)

wbR nvZi KvgvB LZb|1
bex [`:]-Gi mvnvevMY q-weq, eemv-evwYR wj
_vKZb; wK hLbB Zvì myL Avjvni Kvb AwaKvi
DcwZ nZ ZLb Zv q-weq nvK Avi evwYR nvK
ZuvìK Avjvni iY _K wdivZ cviZ bv; eis Zuviv Zv
Avjvni Dk mymb KiB djZb|
mevg DcvRb:
jvKf` DcvRb eev wfb nZ cvi| Ze hvi hvi
cwiwwZ Abyhvqx Zv gvbvbmB nIqv Dg| GZ Ki PvB Zv
KwlKvR nvK Avi wkRvZ KvR nvK A_ev evwYR nvK, Ze
hb kixqZ kZ mvc nq|
DcvRb Kivi weavb:
gvbyli Rb nvjvj RxweKv DcvRb cwikg Kiv diR| hvZ
Ki Zvi wbRi I cwievii fiY-cvlYi eev nq Ges mB
mv_ Avjvni c_ eq Kivi myhvM nq I gvbyli wbKU PvIqv
_K weiZ nZ cvi| eZ: mevg DcvRb nQ ewi nvZi
KvgvB I cZK ea eemv|
: R R R
a= > K
= : - %- * >

( >
9 -^ O X - @ s
N E2
B F 8D & F > Y O +( % ( + X & WS1( 0 lY
. J1E9. ; 9
> X N > +S

B ed = A+( %
Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ, im~jyjvn [] ejQb: huvi nvZ

Avgvi cvY Zuvi Kmg! Zvgvì KD Zvi iwk wbq Lwoi evSv
.eyLvix nvt bs 2072
315
jb`b
eemv Aavq
eua wcV Ki enb ei DcvRb Ki ZvB Zvi Rb Dg, Ii

Pq h Kviv wbKU wMq PvBj ZvK `q A_ev `q bv|1
KbvePvq D`viZvi dwRjZ:
gvbyli Rb Zvi jb`b, AvPvi-Abyvb big I mnR Ges
D`viZv Aej^b Kiv DwPZ; hvZ Ki Avjvni `qv ARb Ki|
R R
a= > '@ K
= &
- d

.l=U d-O>.E(
#! -Ei #!

#! x2' ed = F = :
Rvei Beb Avyjvn (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, bex Kixg [`:]
ejQb: Avjvn Zvqvjv H ewK `qv Kib h ew q-weq
I wePvi dqmvjvZ D`viZvi cwiPq `q|2
q-weq ewk ewk kc_ Kivi Kzdj:
q-weq kc_ viv cY wew nq ewk; wK GZ eiKZ
b nq hvq| Avi Avjvni im~j [`:] G _K wbla KiQb GB
ej:
.S9 d-O> .J
2
' % wD J ]1% 0T B k ( B t
2( : - n( 8 8D %!
Zvgiv AwaK kc_ Kiv _K weiZ _vKe; Kbbv GUv cY
wew Kivq wVKB; wK cwikl jvf web Ki dj|3
q-weq mZZv eiKZi KviY nq| cvi wg_vPvwiZv
eiKZ web Ki `q|
. eyLvix nvt bs 1470 k gymwjg nvt bs 1042

3
. gymwjg nvt bs 1607
2
316
jb`b
eemv Aavq
RxweKvi PvweKvwV I Dcvq

Avjvni c _K RxweKv ARbi cavb PvweKvwV I Dcvq:
cvc _K Avjvni wbKU gv PvIqv I ZIev Kiv:
1. Avjvn Zvqvjv b~n (AvjvBwnm mvjvg) mK ejb:
F E D C B A m
- :
l O N M L K J I H G
Avwg ejjvg Zvgvi ^xq cwZcvjKi wbKU gv PvI wbqB

wZwb AwZkq gvkxj| wZwb Zvgvì Dk cPzi ewcvZ
Kieb| wZwb Zvgvì Aviv mg Kieb ab-m` I mvbmwZZ| Avi Zvgvì Rb D`vb I b`-b`x cZ Kieb|
[m~iv b~n: 10-12]
2. Avjvn Zvqvjv ` (AvjvBwnm mvjvg) mK ejb:
m
: l
n Avgvi mc`vq! Zvgiv (^xq cvci Rb) Zvgvì

cwZcvjKi wbKU gv PvI| AZ:ci ZuviB cvb wbwe nI, wZwb
Zvgvì Dci cPzi ew elY Kieb Ges ZvgvìK Aviv kw
viv Zvgvì kwK ewaZ Kieb| Avi Zvgviv cvc wj _K
gyL wdwiq wbI bv| [m~iv `: 52]
RxweKv A^lY mKvj mKvj ei nIqv:
AwZ fvi RxweKvi Dk ei nIqv cqvRb, KviY bex
[`:] ejQb:
317
jb`b
.lY9-E 7 7 a> d-O>.*= aDC
eemv Aavq
B E9+D = @
n Avjvn! Avgvi DZi cfvZ Zzwg eiKZ `vb Kib|1

`vqv Kiv:
I
.[ / ]H
Avi Avgvi v`viv hLb Zvgvi KvQ wRm Ki Avgvi

evcvieZ: Avwg iqwQ mwbKU| hviv cv_bv Ki, Zvì
cv_bv Keyj Ki bB, hLb Avgvi KvQ cv_bv Ki| KvRB
Avgvi Kzg gvb Ki Ges Avgvi cwZ wb:mskq wekvm Kiv Zvì
GKv KZe| hvZ Zviv mrc_ AvmZ cvi| [m~iv evKviv:186]
PONMLKJIHGFEDCBAI
.[/ ]"! HXWVUTS RQ
Cmv Beb gviBqvg ejjb: n Avjvn, Avgvì cvjbKZv

Avgvì cwZ AvKvk _K Lv`fwZ Lvv AeZiY Kib| Zv
Avgvì Rb A_vr, Avgvì c_g I cieZx mevi Rb
Avb`vrme ne Ges Avcbvi c _K GKwU wb`kb ne|
Avcwb AvgvìK iwR w`b| AvcwbB k iwR`vZv|
[m~iv gvq`v:114]
AvjvnfxwZ:
l v u t s r q p o n m l k jm
:"!
h ew AvjvnK fq Ki wZwb Zvi Rb weK c_ ei Ki

1
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 2606, wZiwghx nvt bs 1212
jb`b
318
eemv Aavq
`b Ges ZvK Ggb c_ RxweKv `vb Kib hv m KbvI KiZ

cvi bv| [m~iv ZvjvK: 2-3]
2. Avjvn Zvqvjv Aviv Gikv` Kib:
N M L K J I H G F E D C B Am
: '&l S R Q P O
hw` Rbcèvmx Cgvb AvbZ Ges ZvKIqv Aej^b KiZ Ze

AekB Avwg Zvì Dk Avmgvb-Rwgb _K eiKZi
vijvK Lvj w`Zvg; wK Zviv wg_vivc Kij dj Avwg
ZvìK Zvì KZKgi Dci cvKvovI Kijvg|
[m~iv Avivd: 96]
cvc cwinvi Kiv:
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
m
:
l
Rj-j wechq cKvwkZ nqQ hv, gvbyli nvZi KvgvB, hb

wZwb (Avjvn) Zvì KZKgi wKQy DcfvM Kivb, hvZ Ki Zviv
cZveZb Ki| [m~iv ig: 41]
Avjvni Dci fimv:
l ~ }|{ z y x wm
:"!
h Avjvni Dci fimv Ki AvjvnB Zvi Rb h_ AekB

Avjvn ^xq BQv c~Y KiebB| Avjvn cZK ei wbw` gvv wi
319
jb`b
eemv Aavq
KiQb| [m~iv ZvjvK: 3]

R
D a= ` K= m
NU
(
- '

x'O &r A - N
5 - % '8 CD 5 - 8 a A JF E( 8a A CD 0> a :
.d9
lY9-E d-O>
. x0N
-A
2. Dgvi Beb Lvve (iv:) _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb im~jyjvn [`:]

ejQb:Zvgiv hw` Avjvni Dci cyivcywi fimv KiZ Ze
wZwb Zvgvì Ggbfve RxweKv `vb KiZb hgwb `vb Kib
cvwLK| cvwL cfvZ Lvwj cU ei nq Ges mvq fiv cU
wdi Avm|1
Avjvni Gev`Zi Rb gbvhvMx nIqv:
Gi A_: Gev`ZKvj Avjvni Dk AiK nvwRi ivLv I ZvZ
gbhvM I wgbwZi mw Kiv|
: R ` `
W D a= : ` K= = S%
) P ; 9

6
%& % +D 9 > fx? 6
( +( 9 > A7 ;
( -1 A 3 7
%:;A = A CD M= D aDP%
.8 d-O>.
e r i
6
%& % +D 9 > x-P( B 6
( +D 9 +B g9 & A Z 3 7
% fe5 =
gvKvj Beb Bqvmvi (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn

[`:] ejQb: Zvgvì eiKZc~Y I DP ghv`vkxj cwZcvjK
Gikv` Kib: n Av`g mvb! Zzwg Avgvi Gev`Zi Rb GKv
fve gbvhvMx nI, Ze Avwg Zvgvi AiK c~Yfve Afvegy
Ki wè Ges Zvgvi nvZK RxweKv viv ficyi Ki wè| n
Av`g mvb! Zzwg Avgvi _K `~i mi hIbv| Zvnj Avwg
Zvgvi AiK Afve viv cwic~Y Ki wè Ges Zvgvi nvZK
KvR viv c~Y Ki wè|2
1
.nv`xmwU mnxn, wZiwghx nvt bs 2344, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 4164 k ZviB
. nv`xmwU mnxn, nvKg nvt bs 7926 wmjwmjv mnxnv `t nvt bs 1359
320
jb`b
eemv Aavq
ewk ewk nR-Dgiv cvjb Kiv:

R R
D a= : ` K= 7a;S9
&

RC( 1 % '8 m

a0Y - P( 1 ( 1 % '@ 0T B : - ' ; ( g<2
(
a; A
7 m
^ aRw : = -R' ( $ R/2
( Q
R $ R1 ( s
* Y & %&2
( G
O
._S &> d-O>.$ /
(
Avyjvn Beb gvmD` (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb h, im~jyjvn

[`:] ejQb:Zvgiv cici nR Ges Dgiv KiZ _vK| Kbbv G
`ywU KvR Afve I cvcivwk Ggbfve `~i Ki hgb nvci jvnv,
^Y I icvi gqjv `~i Ki _vK| Avi Keyj nRi cwZ`vb RvbvZ
Qvov Avi wKQyB bq|1
Avjvni c_ eq Kiv:
1. Avjvn Zvqvjv Gikv` Kib:
:+,
l m
Zvgiv KjvYi c_ hv eq Ki Avjvn Zvi j e`jv w`q

`b| Avi wZwbB Dg RxweKv `vbKvix| [m~iv mvev: 39]
R: R
a= > K
= : - %- * >

.S9 d-O>.6

J 1 0>D 3 7
% J 1 0> :
2. Avey ivBiv (iv:) _K ewYZ, wZwb bex Kixg [`:] _K eYbv

Kib h, Avjvn Zvqvjv Gikv` Kib:n Av`g mvb Zzwg eq
Ki Ze Avwg Zvgvi Rb eq Kie|2
1
. nv`xmwU nvmvb, wZiwghx nvt bs 810, gymbv` Avngv`t8/22 I 650 bvmvC nvt bs
2631
2
. gymwjg nvt bs 993
jb`b
321
eemv Aavq
xbi vbvRb wj ewi Rb eq Kiv:

R
g & @ aO > 8: ` K= 6
. 9
Q
0>

CR4B fp
- E2
% - O ( A+( % '* & F > CB
d-O>.

5 - A 6
; : PB
g ! X O> p
- E2
' (
.lY9-E
Avbvm Beb gvjK (iv:) _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: bex Kixg [`:]Gi hyM `yB fvB wQj, Zvì GKRb bex Kixg [`:]-Gi wbKU
nvwRi nZ Avi AciRb evwYR wj _vKZ| eemvqx fvB Aci
fvB mK bex Kixg [`:]-Gi wbKU AwfhvM Kij wZwb ejb:
Zvi KviYB nqZv ZvgvK RxweKv `vb Kiv nq|1
AvZxqZv mK AUzU ivLv:
G nQ wbKU AvZxqì mvagZ DcKvi mvab Kiv I K
jvNe Kiv Ges Zvì mv_ m`vPviY Kiv|

a= ,
; ' : K
= 6
. 9
Q
0>

. ' F = )( u
( B X - w> B +S
% > 5 = B
S
% ( > X -
9 :D aDP%
. J1E9
Avbvm Beb gvjK (iv:) _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb Avwg im~jyjvn

[`:]K ejZ bwQ: h Avb`wP Bnv Pvq h Zvi RxweKv ew
Ki `qv nvK Ges Zvi Avqy ew Kiv nvK m hb Zvi AvZxqZv
mK evRvq ivL|2
`yejìK mvb I Zvì cwZ AbyMn Kiv:
. nv`xmwU mnxn, wZiwghx nvt bs 2345

322
jb`b
eemv Aavq
eRB > K

= &^ ; >= : ` K= &. ;
s
; u
9

R! aRD5 - A -u
A )( * :
M PB 07
9
.l=U d-O>.
c CD _1;

1. gymAve Beb mv` (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, mv` (iv:)

Zvi Acv wb chvqi jvKì Dci Zvi ghv`vi K_v fveb|
ZLb bex Kixg [`:] ZvK ejb:Zvgiv `yejì gvagB mvnvh
I RxweKv cq _vK|1
d-O>
. @

O ! @ A

@ Aa & @1 ;
$ 9Z X Y * `
- u
% '0!
._S
2. nv`xmi Aci eYbvq AvQ: Avjvn GB DZK Kej

`yejì `vqv, mvjvZ I GKwbZvi gvagB mvnvh Ki
_vKb|2
Avjvni ivn wnRiZ:
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
m
l
:./
Avi h KD Avjvni c_ wnRiZ Kie m cw_exZ e ck

vb I ^QjZvcv ne Ges h KD Avjvn I im~ji Rb
wnRiZ KiZ: gZz gyL cwZZ ne, wbqB Gi cwZ`vb Avjvn
Dci b ne| Avi Avjvn gvkxj, KiYvgq| [m~iv wbmv: 100]
jb`b mZZv I `vl-wU cKvk Kivi weavb:
1

. nv`xmwU mnxn, bvmvC nvt bs 3178
jb`b
323
eemv Aavq
gvbyli gvSi mKj jb`b mZZv I `vl-wU cKvk Kiv

IqvwRe| myZivs weZv I Zv I Abvb mevi cwZ mZZv I
`vl-wU cKvk Kiv IqvwRe| Gi viv eemvq eiKZ nvwmj nq
Ges Gev`Z cwiYZ nq hvi dj GZ cwZ`vb I mIqvi wgj|
weZvi c _K mZZv njv: KvswZ Yvb Ges ì`vg
KZ BZvw` eYbv Kiv| Gi mv_ AcQ`xq `vl-wUI eYbv Kiv|
Avi Zvi c _K mZZv njv: wVKgZ g~j cwikva Kiv|
eYbv gvZveK hw` cY nq Zvnj mZevw` ne Avi hw` KvswZ
Yvbi eYbv gvZveK bv nq Zvnj wg_yK ej weewPZ ne|
Avi hw` wU cKvk Ki cY wew Ki Zvnj cvKvkKvix I
Mvcb Ki bv ej weewPZ ne| Avi hw` `vl-wU Mvcb iL
wew Ki Zvnj MvcbKvix I AcKvkKvix ej cgvwYZ ne|
Avi eiKZ aygv mZevw` I cKvkKvixi RbB wbw`|
R 9 = U
( ;g( : > ` K= 3 b F
C F

$D R8- ,
P 2
9 Y 8 'E8 ( ! '@ ; B '@ = a &
( T B -1 E%
. J1E9.
'@ ;
nvKxg Beb nRvg [] _K ewYZ, bex [] ejQb: weZv

I Zv wewQb bv nIqv ch GLwZqvi _vKe| hw` `yBRb mZ
ej I `vl-wU cKvk Ki Zvnj Zvì KbvePvq eiKZ
Ìqv ne| Avi hw` `yBRb Mvcb ivL I wg_v ej Zvnj
Zvì KbvePvq eiKZ wgwUq Ìqv ne|1
. eyLvix nv: bs 2082 g ZviB I gymwjg nv: bs 1532
jb`b
324
eemv Aavq
ea eemvi wKQy wP
1. ZvIqvwjqvn eemv: Bnv nQ weZv eje, Avwg ZvgvK
cYwU h `vg q KiwQ m`vgB gvwjK evwbq w`jvg|
2. gyivevnvn eemv: weZv cY I Zvi `vg DjL Ki eje,
Avwg ZvgvK Dnv cgvsk jvf wew Kijvg|
3. gyIqvhvqvn eemv: weZv cY I Zvi `vg DjL Ki eje,
Avwg ZvgvK Dnv `kgvski jvKmvb wew Kijvg|
4. gymvIqvgvn eemv: cYi `vg DjL Kiv _vKe| AZ:ci
weZv m `vg ivwR nj Zv Dnv q Kie|
5. kixKi eemv: Zv cY Kv Ki eje, Avwg ZvgvK hv
q KiwQ Zvi AaK ev GK P_yZvski kixK evbvjvg|
6. gyev`vjvn eemv: GKwU cYi e`jvq Aci GKwU cY wew
Kiv| GK gyKvqvhvnI ej|
7. gyRvqv`vn eemv: cY gvbyli gvS WvK DwVq mevP g~j
viv wew Kiv|
wKQy nvivg evwYRi wP

Bmjvg cZK H eK ea NvlYv KiQ hv KjvY-eiKZ
I ea DcKvi eq wbq Avm| cvi Ggb wKQy eemvK nvivg
NvlYv KiQ hvZ iqQ `vMvevwR, auvKvevwR A_ev
eemvqxì wZ, ev gbvgvwjb ev VKevwR, wg_vPvwiZv A_ev
kixi I weeKi wZmvab BZvw`| G me evcvi hv cviwiK
NYv, wel, gbvzbZv I wZi Rb `q| dj Gme eemv nvivg
nq hvq Ges Zv gvUI mwVK nq bv Zba hgb:
jb`b
325
eemv Aavq
1. gyjvgvmv Z_v k Kiv RvZxq eemv:

hgb weZv ZvK eje: Zzwg h KvcowU k Kie Zv
ZvgvK `k UvKvZ `qv ne| G aiYi eemv nvivg; KviY GZ
ARvbv I auvKvi evcvi iqQ|
2. gybvevRv Z_v wXj gviv RvZxq eemv:
hgb Zv-weZvK eje: Zzwg h KvcowUB Avgvi cwZ Qyo
gvie ZvB Avwg GZ UvKv w`q wbZ eva| G eemvI nvivg
KviY, GZI ARvbv I auvKv iqQ|
3. nvmvZ Z_v cv_i wbc RvZxq eemv:
hgb weZv eje GB cv_iwU wbc Ki, dj cv_i h
KvcowUi Dci wbw ne Zv ZvgvK GZ UvKvq `qv ne| G
eemvI mwVK bq KviY; GZI ARvbv I auvKv iqQ|
4. bvRvk Z_v g~j ew RvZxq eemv:
Bnv nQ: qi Dk QvovB `vgv`vwg Ki cYi g~j ew
Kiv| G eemvI nvivg KviY; GZ Abvb Zvì Rb
auvKvevwR I cZviYv iqQ|
5. Muqv ewi cY ki ew KZK wew:
Muqv ewi wbKU _K Kg `vg q Ki evRviì Acv ekx
`vg cY wew Kiv| G aiYi wew mwVK bq; Kbbv GZ
jvKRbi wZ I K iqQ| wK hw` ki ewi wbKU Mvg
ew Gm Zvi Dk weqi Ave`b Rvbvq Zvnj m Zv
KiZ cvi|
6. cY nvZ eyS bv cvIqvi c~e Zv wew Kiv:
GwU ea eemv bq; Kbbv GUv SMov I jb`b f Kivi KviY
nq ùvovq| weklZ: weZv hLb `Le h Zv GZ jvfevb
nZ hvQ|
jb`b
326
eemv Aavq
7. Cbv eemv:
Bnv njv: Kviv wbKU wbw` gqvì Rb evwKZ Kvb cY
wew KiZ: D ewi wbKU _K wbw` g~j Acv Kg `vg
bM` g~j Zv q Kiv| dj GZ GK eemvZ `yB eemv GK
Kiv nq hv nvivg; Kbbv G nQ myì c_ c`kK| wK hw` Zvi
g~j nvZ cvIqvi ci A_ev cYi YvY cwieZb nIqvi ci Zv
q Ki A_ev Zv eZxZ Ab ewi wbKU _K q Ki Ze
Zv ea ne|
8. Kvb ew KZK ^xq (gymjgvb) fvBqi eemvi Dci wbR
eemv Pvwjq `qv:
hgb GK ew `k UvKv w`q Kvb cY q Kij BwZga
jb`b kl bv nZB Aci GK ew GK ejj: Avwg Zvgvi
wbKU D cY bq UvKvZ ev wKbv g~ji Kg wew Kie|
Ggwbfve qi I hw` `k UvKvq weqKvix ewK ej
Avwg Zvgvi wbKU _K GUv cbi UvKvq q Kie, hvZ c_g
ew Zv wZxq ewK Qo `q| D eemvI nvivg; KviY GZ
gymjgvbì wZ I cviwiK gbvgvwjb wbwnZ iqQ|
9. wZxq AvRvbi ci eemv Kiv nvivg:
hvi Dci Rygvi bvgvR diR wZxq AvRvbi ci Zvi Rb eemv
Kiv nivg Ges Zvi Rb Kvb cKvi Pzw mv`b KivI Pje bv|
10. cZK nvivg ei eemv nvivg:
hgb: g`, k~Ki, g~wZ-cwZgv| A_ev hv nvivgi gvag nq
ùvovq hgb: ev`h| Gme q-weq DfqwU nvivg|
11. ARvbv I avKvi eemv:
Aviv nvivg eemvi ga GKwU eemv nQ: nvejyj nvejv
I gvjv-Kxn Z_v gvqi Mf we`gvb evPvi q-weq| wVK
jb`b
327
eemv Aavq
Z`c gvhvgxb Z_v luvoi wcV we`gvb exhi eemv, bi DUi

cvj w`q DcvRb Ges cvj Ìqvi Rb bi c fvov `qv|
Ggwbfve KzKzi, weovji g~j, ewfPvwiYxi DcvRb, RvwZlxi
KvgvB| Ggwbfve A I auvKvi mvnvh eemv| Abyic h e
bvKiv Ame hgb: AvKvk Do cvwL|
12. cwic bv nIqvi c~e dj wew:
dj ev dmj cwic bv nIqvi c~e q-weq BZvw` Kiv nvivg|
mvgb Gi weavb Avme|
kixqZ nvivg e cKvi:
kixqZ nvivg e `yB cKvi:
1. ewUi g~j nvivg:
hgb gZ RxeR, i, k~Kii gvsm, bvsiv I Acwe wRwbm
BZvw`|
2. eenvi wbZxgvjvq nvivg:
hgb my`, Ryqv, evwR Ljv, gRy``vix, cZviYv I VKevwR Ges
auvKv BZvw` eemv| GjvZ iqQ Ryjyg I evwZj cvq
gvbyli gvj fYi eev| eZ: c_g cKviwUK Ai NYv Ki
cvi wZxq cKviwUK Ai cQ` Ki| ZvB GwU Ggb gwKaygwK I kvwi `vex ivL hv ZvZ cwZZ nIqv _K weiZ ivLe|
GRgvjx ei eemvi weavb:
hLb Kvb kwiK Zvi kwiKvbv e wew Kie ZLb Zvi
Aski g~j viv m Aski wew ea ne| Avi Zv
AZvekZ: qi dj Zvi GLwZqvi _vKe|
jb`b
328
eemv Aavq
cvwb, Lvm I Avb wew Kivi weavb:

gymjgvb mgvR wZbwU welq mgvbfve Askx`vi h_v: cvwb,
Nvm I Avb| ZvB Avmgvb I Sbvi cvwbi ew gvwjKvbv ea bq
Ges Zvi wewI ea bq| Ze ZvK wbR gkK A_ev cyKzi
BZvw`Z AvUK Kij ea| wVK Nvm RwgZ _vKv ch PvB Zv
ZvRv nvK Avi Kbv nvK Zvi wew ea bq| Ggwbfve Avb
PvB Zv Bb RvZxq nvK hgb KvV A_ev AwMwkLv nvK hgb
Rj KvL ZvI wew Kiv ea bq| Kbbv Gme e Ggb
hjvK Avjvn Zvqvjv ^xq mwi gvS evcK Ki w`qQb|
ZvB Gi cqvRb evaKvix ewi Dk Zv eq Kiv DwPZ Ges
G _K eviY Kiv nvivg|
wexZ cY Kg ev ewk nIqvi weavb:
1. hLb Kvb ew Ni wew Kie ZLb GZ Rwg, Zvi Dci
we`gvb e I wbP hv iqQ mn cZK eK eySve| Avi hw`
wewZ e Rwg nq, Ze GZ Kvb eK c_Kfve DjL bv
Kij ZvZ we`gvb me eB eySve|
2. hLb Kvb Ni GB wfwZ wew Kiv ne h, Zvi cwigvY 100
wgUvi| ci `Lv Mj h Zv Kg ev ewk Ze Zv we ne| ewk
Ask weZvi cvIbv _vKe| Avi Kgi wnmveI Zvi Dci
eZve| Avi h Zv Rvbe bv Zvi DkI nvwmj ne bv| Zvi
Rb jb`b Kiv bv KiviI GLwZqvi _vKe|
wew I fvov GK Kivi weavb:
hLb wew I fvov DfqK GK mv_ Ki eje Avwg D Ni
Zvgvi wbKU GK j UvKv viv wew Kijvg Ges G NiwU `k
nvRvi vi fvov w`jvg| AZ:ci cwZc ejj: Avwg MnY Kijvg
Ze wew I fvov DfqB we ne| Ggwbfve hw` ej Avwg
Zvgvi wbKU G NiwU wew Kijvg I G NiwU fvov w`jvg GK j
jb`b
329
eemv Aavq
UvKv viv Zvnj Zv we ne| Avi cqvRb Dfqi e`jv wKw

Z Ìqv Pje|
eemvqx `vKvb-cvU _K nvw`qv MnYi weavb:
eemvqx `vKvbjv _K Zvì Dk h me cyivi I
Dcnvi weZiY Kiv nq Zv nvivg; KviY Bnv Ryqvi Afy| Kbbv
GZ Abì Qo Zvì wbKU _K q Kivi cwZ `w AvKlY
Kiv nq| Avi cyivii jvf AcqvRbxq ev nvivg e wKb
Aci eemqxì wZ Kiv nq|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
M L K J I H G F E D C B Am
:
l P O N
n gywgb mc`vq! AekB g`, Ryqv, g~wZ I jUvixi Zxi Gme

Acwe, kqZvbi KvR ZvB Zv cwinvi Ki hb Zvgviv mdjKvg
nZ cvi| [m~iv gvq`v: 90]
Akxj I envqv c-cwKv wew Kivi weavb:
h me c-cwKvq AkxjZv I envqvcbvi cwZ Avnvb Ki
Ges wfwWI ev wmwW I AwWI KvmU hvZ Mvb-evRbv iqQ| wVK
h me (hi c`vq) Mvb-ev`, bvUK I ec`vfve gwnjvì Qwe
cKvk cvq| G Qvov KvR, K_v I wbjv RbK K_vcK_b hv
bvsiv c_ Avnvb Rvbvq Zvi q-weq meB nvivg| Ggwbfve
Zvi keY, `kb Zv viv DcvRb ejZ hv eySvq meB nvivg hv
gvUI ea bq|
eemvwqK exgvi weavb:
eemvwqK exgv Ggb GKwU ebi bvg hLvb hvi Rb exgv
Kiv nq, m Kvb wec` ev NvUwZZ cwZZ nj hvi wbKU exgv
jb`b
330
eemv Aavq
Kiv nq m ew ZvK wbw` Avw_K e`jv wè| exgvKvixi c

_K mywbw` nvi A_ Av`vqi wewbgq exgv nq| Bnv nvivg;
KviY GZ auvKv I ARvbvi evcvi we`gvb| G nQ GK cKvi
Ryqv hv viv evwZj cvq gvbyli gvj fY Kiv nq| PvB Zv
Rxebi Dci nvK ev Kvb cY wKsev nvwZqvii Dci nvK|
hv viv wZ nq Zv wewi weavb:
h ew im viv g` cZ Kie Zvi wbKU Zv wew Kiv ea
bq| wVK wdrbvi KvR A wew Kiv ev gZ ewi mv_ RxweZ
ewi q-weq I ea bq|
eemvq kZ Kivi weavb:
h eemv Ggb kZ mvc mb nq hv viv Kvb nvjvjK
nvivg wKsev nvivgK nvjvj bv Kiv nq Zv mwVK| hgb weZv
Ni GK gvm Aevbi kZ Kij A_ev Zv KvV-Lwo bqv I
fvv BZvwì kZ Kij|
gvkvAvij nvivgi Kvb f~wg fvov ev wew Kivi weavb:
wgbv, gyh`vwjdv I Avivdv Gjv gmwRì bvq cwe vb hv
mKj gymjgvbì Dk wbew`Z| ZvB Gme RvqMvi wew
wKsev fvov KvbUvB ea bq| h GgbwU Kie m Acivax, cvcx
I Rvwjg Ges Zvi Dci MnxZ A_ Zvi Rb nvivg ne|
wKwZ wewi weavb:
wKwZ wew GwU evwKZ wewi GKwU cKvi| (cv_K ay
GB) evwKZ wew GK gqv` wejw^Z nq| Avi wKwZ wew
GKvwaK gqv` wejw^Z nq _vK|
1. wej^ I wKwi dj cYi g~j ew Kiv ea | hgb : bM`
wewZ h cY GKkZ UvKvq Avm Zv GKkZ wek UvKvq wew
Kiv| GK gqv` ev GKvwaK gqvì wfwZ| Ze kZ GB h,
jb`b
331
eemv Aavq
Lye ewk hvZ ew bv Kiv nq Ges AcviMì (`yejZvK) eenvi

bv Kiv nq|
2. wej^ ev wKwZ wewZ Zvi cwZ AbyMn c`kbi BQv
_vKj Zv ne gyvnve chvqi KvR| ZvB gqvì KviY hb
g~j ew bv NUvq Gi dj weZvK Gnmvbi Dci cwZ`vb
`qv ne| Ze jvf I e`jvi BQv KijI Zv ea ne
GgZvevq gqvì Dci g~j ew KiZ cvie hv wbw` gqv`x
wbw` wKwZ cwikva hvM ej cwiMwYZ ne|
3. Zv wKwi gqv` c~Y nIqv ch g~j cwikva bv KiZ
cvij weZvi c g~j ew ea bq| Ze m c~Y g~j Av`vq
Kiv ch wewZ cY wbRi KvQ MwQZ ivLZ cvi|
evMvb wewi weavb:
1. hw` GgZvevq Kvb Rwg wew Ki h, ZvZ LRyi ev Ab
Kvb e iqQ, Ze LRyi ei euvab KvR mb nq _vKjI
ei dj cKvk cq Mj Zv weZvi Rb _vKe| wK hw`
Zv kZ Ki _vK, Zvnj GUv Zvi ej weewPZ ne| Avi hw`
LRyi ei euvab KvR mb bv nq _vK Avi ZvZ dj cKvk
bv cvq, Ze Zv Zvi Rb _vKe|
2. LRyi emn Ab Kvb ei dj-dmj bv cvKv ch Zvi
wew ea bq| Ze MvQ-cvjvmn dj I Rwgmn meyR dmj hw`
c bv nZB wew Ki Ze Zv ea ej weewPZ ne|
3. Kvb ew dj wKb Zv KvUv wKsev fvM Kiv ch Kvbic
Mwogwm ev wej^ Qvov ei Dci iL `qv Aevq hw` Kvb
Avmgvbx Avc` hgb : evZvm ev Vvv BZvw` viv Zv web nq
co, Ze GgZvevq Zv weZvi wbKU _K UvKv diZ
wbZ cvie| Avi hw` Kvb gvbyl Zv web Ki Ze Zvi c
jb`b
332
eemv Aavq
Pzw f Kiv, evevqb Kiv I webKvixi wbKU Zvi wZ c~iY

PvIqv Gi h KvbUvi AwaKvi _vKe|
gynvKvjvi weavb:
G nQ cy km wkl _vKv Aevq Abyic kmi e`j wew
Kiv| Bnv ea bq, Kbbv GZ `ywU wbwl welq iqQ|
GK: cwigvY I DrKZv mK ARvbv|
`yB: mgvb mve nIqvi Kvb eev bv _vKv|
gyRvevbvi weavb:
G nQ gvcv LRyii e`j LRyi e we`gvb dj wew
Kiv| GUvI gynvKvjvi gZB Aea|
Avivqv wewi weavb:
LRyi MvQ we`gvb LRyii e`j cyivbv LRyi q Kiv ea
bq; Kbbv GZ auvKv I my` iqQ| Ze cqvRb Avivqv Z_v
cuvP AmKi Kg D jb`b GB kZ Pje h, Pzw eVK hb
jb`b mb nq hvq|
gvbyli Kvb Ask wew Kivi weavb:
1. gvbyli Kvb A ev Ask RxweZ ev gZ Aevq wew Kiv ea
bq| Ze GKv eva nq KD wbZ PvBj hw` g~j Qvov Zv bv
cvq, Ze wekl cqvRb mvc Zv `qv ea ne| Ze Zvi
c Zv MnY Kiv nvivg| hw` giYi ci `vb ej Kvb
gyLvcxK Kvb Ask `vb Ki _vK Ges Zvi Rxekvq Kvb
cyivi MnY Ki Ze ZvZ Kvb evav bB|
2. wPwKrmv ev Ab Kvb Dk i wew Kiv ea bq| wK hw`
KD Zvi gyLvcx nq Ges g~j Qvov Zv ARb KiZ bv cvi
Zvnj e`jv w`q Zv MnY ea; wK `vbKvixi c Zv MnY
nvivg|
333
jb`b
eemv Aavq
auvKvi A_:
Mvivi (auvKvevwR) ejZ eySvq hvi mwVK Z_ gvbyl _K
Mvcb ivLv I ZvK g~j inm RvbZ bv Ìqv| hgb: Awwnb
e wKsev Ame wRwbm| G me welq auvKv wnmve cwiMwYZ|
auvKvi eemv I Ryqv Ljvi weavb:
auvKv, Ryqv I evwRaiv BZvw` Ggb me jb`bi bvg hv
fqvbK asmvZK Ges nvivg| G me eo eo eemvqxi NiK web
KiQ| cvi KZ gvbylK cwikg QvovB abvX evwbqQ|
Avevi KZ gvbylK c_i dwKi evwbq AvZnZv, kZv I
weli c_ Vj w`qQ| GK K_vq G me nQ kqZvbi KvR|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
\ [ Z Y X W V U T S R Qm
:
l f e d c ba` _ ^ ]
kqZvb Zv GUvB Pvq h, g` I Ryqv viv Zvgvì ciii

ga kZv I wel mw Ki Ges Avjvni iY I mvjvZ nZ
ZvgvìK weiZ ivL| Ze wK Zvgiv wdi Avme?
[m~iv gvq`v: 91]
auvKvi eemvi wechq:
auvKvi eemv `ywU mgm eq wbq Avm:
1. gvbyli ab-mw evwZj cvq fY Kiv| ZvB KD Kvb
cKvi jvf QvovB ay wZM nZB _vK A_ev wZ QvovB
jvfgvb nZB _vK; Kbbv GUv evwR I Ryqvi bvgvi|
2. q-weqKvixì ga NYv, nvbvnvwb Avi kZv I wel mw
Kiv|
334
jb`b
wLqvi
2- wLqvi (Pzw fi AwaKvi)

wLqvi wewaeKiYi nKgZ:
evwYR Pzwfi AwaKvi GwU Bmjvgi m`hi AbZg
GKwU w`K| Kbbv KLbI g~ji K_v wPv-fvebv QvovB nVvr Ki
ePvKbv KvR nq _vK| dj Dfq c A_ev GK c AbyZ
nq co| ZvB Bmjvg weePbv Kivi myhvM w`qQ GKB
wLqvi ej| hvi cwicwZ Zv I weZv AxKvi f Kiv
ev envj ivLvi h Kvb GKwU gZ evQvB Kivi AeKvk cq
_vK|
: R
D a= : K
= 3 bF
CF

B '@ = a &
( T B -1 E% EF > -1 E% 9 = U
( ;g(
. J1E9
.'@ ; $D 8 - ,
P 2
9 Y 8 'E8 ( ! '@ ;
nvKxg Beb wnRvg (iv:) _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb, bex Kixg

[`:] Gikv` Kib:Zv I weZv hZY ch c_K bv ne
ZZY ch Zviv Dfq (Pzw ivLv, bv ivLvi) AwaKvi ivL|
dj hw` Dfq mZ ej I me K_v Lyj ej Zvnj Dfqi qweq eiKZ `qv ne| cvi hw` Mvcb ivL I wg_v ej
Ze Dfqi eemvi eiKZ b Ki `qv ne|1
wLqvii cKvi:
wLqvi-Gi e cKvi iqQ Zba:
1. eVKi wLqvi: GUv eemv, gxgvsmv I fvov BZvw` gvj msv
Av`vb-c`vb mve iqQ| GwU Zv-weZv Dfqi AwaKvi|
Gi gqv` nQ Pzw mb nIqv _K mkixi c_K nIqv ch|
1
jb`b
335
wLqvi
wK Dfq hw` Zv ev` Ki `q Ze ev` nq hve| Avi GKRb

ev` Kij AciRbi AwaKvi _K hve| ZvB hLb c_K nq
hve Pzw P~ov weewPZ ne| Avi eVK _K GB fq DV cov
nvivg h, bv Rvwb (Aci c) Pzw f Ki dj|
2. kZi wLqvi:
GUv GB h, Zv-weZv A_ev h Kvb GKRb wbw`
gqv` ch wLqvii kZ Kij Zv mwVK ne hwÌ gqv`
`xNvwqZ nq| Gi gqv` Pzwi mgq _K kZKZ mgq kl nIqv
ch| gqv` cvi nIqv ch kZvivcKvix hw` Pzw f bv Ki
Ze jb`b wbwZ nq hve| Ze hw` Dfq gqvì wfZi
wLqvi-Gi kZ Zzj bq Ze wLqvi evwZj ej weewPZ ne
Kbbv GLvb AwaKvi ZvìB wQj|
3. Zv-weZvi gZbKi wLqvi:
hgb: g~ji cwigvY gZvbK nj wKsev g~j cY A_ev Zvi
YvY gZweiva `Lv w`j Ges ZvZ Kvbic cgvY cvIqv bv
Mj GgZvevq weZvi K_vB kc_mn MnYhvM ej weewPZ
ne| Ze ZvK Zv MnY wKsev Pzw f Kivi ^vaxbZv `qv
ne|
4. wUi wLqvi:
G nQ H wLqvi hv viv cYi g~j Kg Avm ZvB hLb KD
Kvb cY q Ki ZvZ Kvb wU `LZ cve ZLb m `ywU
welq ^vaxbZv cve| GK: m cY diZ w`q g~j diZ wbe|
`yB: A_ev cY wbe wVKB; wK wZc~iYmn| dj wUgy I
wUhy `yB Aevq wK g~j Avm Zv wbYq Ki h eeavbUzKz
mve nq m cwigvY diZ wbq wbe| Avi hw` G wbq gZf`
`Lv `q h, Kvi wbKU wU msNwUZ nqQ hgb euvKv A_ev
jb`b
336
wLqvi
Lvevi evwm nIqv, Ze Zv kc_mn weZvi K_v MnY hvM ej

weewPZ ne wKsev Dfq wmv Zzj wbe|
5. auvKvi wLqvi:
Zv nQ GB h, weZv wKsev Zv A^vfvweKfve cY
VK hvIqv| Gnb VKvbvi KvR nvivg| Ggb VK co Mj cY
ivLv wKsev Pzw f Kiv Dfqi ^vaxbZv _vKe| auvKv LvIqv
KLbI gvS c_ eemvqx Kvdjvi mv_ mvvZKvixi gvag nq
A_ev H `vjvji g~j ew _K h q KiZ Pvq bv A_ev g~j
mK ARvbv Aci w`K `vgv`vgxZ Abwf| AZGe, Zvi
^vaxbZv _vKe|
6. avgv-Pvcv wfwK wLqvi:
Zv nQ GB h, Zv cYK AvKlYxq AvKvi Dcvcb
Kie A_P eve Aev Gi wecixZ| hgb : (cvYxi) b `ya
Rwgq ivLv ewk `yai aviYv `qvi Dk D AvPiY nvivg|
ZvB Gnb KvR msNwUZ nj (Zv) Pzw ejeZ ivLv wKsev f
Kiv Dfqi ga h KvbwUi AwaKvi ivL| Ze hw` `vnb Ki
_vK, Zvnj GgZvevq diZ w`Z Mj cYi mv_ GK mv
Z_v AvbygvwbK AvovB KwR LRyi `yai e`jv wnmve w`q wè|
7. wLqvbZi wLqvi:
q g~j mK ewZg ev Kg mve nIqvi mv_ mv_
Zv AwZwi g~j diZ wbq cY ivLv wKsev Pzw f Kivi
AwaKvicv nq| hgb : KD GK kZ w`q GKwU Kjg wKbj,
AZ:ci ZvK KD Gm ejj Zzwg KjgwU Kbv g~j Avgvi wbKU
wew Ki| m ejj Gi wKbv g~j GKkZ cvk Ges D g~j Zv
wew Ki djj| cieZx gyn~Z weZvi wg_v cKvk cq Mj|
Gevi Zvi ^vaxbZv mve nq Mj| D ^vaxbZv cwZwbwaZ,
KvvbxZ, jvf- jvKmvbi Dfq PzwZ mve ne| Avi G
337
jb`b
wLqvi
mei ga Zv-weZv DfqK g~j cyuwR mK AewnZ nZ

ne|
8. Afvei Rb wLqvi:
hLb cwivi nq hve h, Zv Afvex wKsev UvjevnvbvKvix
ZLb weZv PvBj Zvi cY iYi ZvwM` Pzw f KiZ
cvi|
9. `Lvi wLqvi:
bv `L Kvb wRwbm q Kivi mgq G kZ Ki h hLb
`Le ZLb Zvi GLwZqvi _vKe| `Lvi ci Zvi GLwZqvi
_vKe, PvBj g~j w`q cY wbe Avi PvBj diZ è|
cZviYvi fqvenZv:
cZviYv h Kvb evcvi h Kviv mv_ nvivg| ZvB GUv
cZK jb`b, ckv, Bvw, Pzwc I eemv-evwYR BZvw` h
Kvb evcvi Zv nvivg ej weewPZ ne| Kbbv GZ wg_v I
auvKv iqQ hv wel I nvbvnvwbi mw Ki|
R9 : R

a= > ` K= : - %- * >

.S9 d-O>.9
Q
B 4?
9 9 Q
B
gS ) ' F
Avey ivBiv (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb h, im~jyjvn [`:]

ejQb: h ew Avgvì Dci A aviY Kij m Avgvì
Afy bq| Avi h Avgvì mv_ cZviYv Kij mI Avgvì
Afy bq|1
GKvjv ev Pzw Zzj bqv:
G nQ Zv I weZvi wbR wbR cvIbv diZmn Pzw
Zzj bqvi bvg| GUv wbR wbR cvIbv Acv Kg ev ewkZI
1
. gymwjg nvt bs 102
338
jb`b
wLqvi
Kiv Pj| D GKvjv Zv-weZvi ga AbyZ ewi c

_K msNwUZ nIqv mybZ| Ze hvi wbKU Zv PvIqv nq Zvi c
Zv mybZ Ges h Zv Pvq Zvi c Zv PvIqv ea| Avi Dfq ci
h KD AbyZ nj Zv Kiv wewae| wVK cYi cqvRb bv
_vKj ev g~j Av`vq AcviM BZvw` nj Zv KiZ cvie|
GKvjvi weavb:
weZv I Zvi h jwZ ne Zvi Rb GKvjv Kiv mybZ|
Bnv h evwZj KiZ PvB Zvi Rb mybZ Avi h AenwZ cZ
PvB Zvi Rb RvqR| `yci Kvb GKRb jwZ nj ev
cYi cqvRb kl nq Mj wKsev g~j cwikva Ki Ag
BZvw` nj eemvi Pzw evwZj Kiv weavb mZ|
GKvjv nQ gymjgvb ewi c _K Zvi gyLvcx
fvBqi cwZ m`vPviY| hvi cwZ bex Kixg [`:] GB ej
Drmvn c`vb KiQb:
.d9
7 7 a> d-O>
.$ 9 P ( 3 a % A- n( > x' S

9 >
9
h ew Kvb gymjgvb ewK Pzw Zzj bqvi myhvM `vb Kij

Avjvn wKqvgZi w`b Zvi fyj-vw Zzj wbeb|1
evwKZ wewi weavb:
1. hw` cY bM` nq Avi g~j ci Zvnj GK evwKZ ev wKwZ
eemv ej|
2. Avi hw` g~j bM` nq Avi cY ci Zvnj GK mvjvg eemv
ej| G `yB cKvi eemv kwiqZ RvqR|
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 3460, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 2199 k ZviB
339
jb`b
mvjvg-AwMg q
3- mvjvg-AwMg q
Pzwi cKvi:
nvii w`K _K Pzw Pvi cKvi:
1. Ìqv I bIqv bM` hgb: bM` GKwU eB `k UvKvZ wew
Kiv, Bnv RvqR|
2. Ìqv I bIqv DfqwU evwKZ hgb: wbw` Yi GKwU
AgyK Mvwo GK eQi ci `k j UvKv g~j weZv nvi
Kie hvi g~j Zv cwikva Kie GK eQi ci| G eemv
Aea; KviY Bnv evwK viv evwK wew hv kwiqZ RvqR bB|
3. g~j bM` cwikva Ges cY evwKZ, GK mvjvg eemv
ej, Bnv RvqR|
4. cY bM` Ges g~j cwikva evwKZ hgb: GK j UvKvq
GKwU Mvwo wew Kiv hvi g~j cwikva Kie GK eQi ci|
Bnv RvqR|
mvjvg nQ: Pzwi eVK g~j cwikvai wewbgq wbw`
Yvbi cY wRvq cwZkwZ mvc evwKZ wew Kiv|
Avjvn Zvqvjv gymjgvbì myweav I cqvRb wgUvbvi Rb
GwU ea KiQb| GK mvjvd ej AvLvwqZ Kiv nq|
ejZ Bnv Ggb eemv hv g~j AwMg c`vb Kiv nq Ges cY
cieZx wewbgq Kiv nq|
mvjvg Gi weavb:
GwU ea Gi D`vniY nQ: hgb KvDK GKkZ UvKv GB
kZ c`vb Kiv h, GK eQi ci m AgyK cKwZi cvk wKjv
LRyi c`vb Kie|
340
jb`b
mvjvg-AwMg q
t
>
9 :
> '@ K
=

. J1E9.
3 aD; 9 ) d > ! 3 aD; 9 . 5 3 aD; 9 ) 8 1B \v i B
Beb Avevm (ivwhqvjv Avbgv) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb h,

im~jyjvn [`:] ejQb:h ew Kvb evcvi AwMg mw wfwK
eemv Kie Zv hb gvc, IRb I gqv` Rvbv-bv nq|1
mvjvg eemvi kZvejx:
GK wbqY Kivi Dk eemvi kZvewj QvovI Aviv wKQy
kZvivc Kiv nq| hgb mvjvgKZ cY I g~ji vb jvf Ges
Pzw eVK g~j nvZ MnY| G Qvov hvi Pzw nQ Zv wRvq
_vKe Ges Ggbfve cwiwPZ Kiv hvi wKQyB ARvbv _vKe bv|
Gi gvS gqv` I wewbgq vbmn DjL _vKe|
341
jb`b
q-weqi wKQy weavb
q-weqi wKQy weavb

miKvi evnv`yii c _K g~j wbaviY Kiv:
cqvRb cYi Dci Ggb mywbavwiZ g~j avh Kiv hvZ
gvwjKi Dci Ryjyg bv nq Ges Zvi DciI fvix evSv bv
Pvc|
g~j wbaviY Kivi weavb:
1. gvbyli Dci Ryjyg wbwZKvix g~j wbaviY ev Zvì BQvi
wei Abvqfve Kvb wKQyZ eva Kiv A_ev Avjvni c _K
nvjvjKZ welq _K ZvìK eviY Kiv meB nvivg|
2. gvbyli myweav g~j wbaviYi Dci wfwkxj nj Zv wbaviY
ea| hgb: gvbyli cqvRb _vKv mZI cYavixiv AwaK g~j
Qvov Zv wewZ AgZ cvlY Kij, GgZvevq Abyic cYi
g~j ai g~j wbaviY Kiv Pje| Kbb G viv wZM nIqv I
AbK wZM Kivi nvZ _K iv Kiv hvq|
gIRy``vix weavb:
G nQ cY q Ki AvUK ivLv hb evRvi Zv Kg co
wMq g~j ew cvq| G aibi gIRy``vix nvivg; Kbbv GZ
jvf-jvjmv PwiZv_ Ges jvKRbi Dci Kwg msKU mw Kiv
nq| ZvB h gIRy``vixi KvR Ki m fyjKvix|
ZvIqvii: Kvb cY weZvi wbKU _K evwKZ q Ki
Gici Zvi Pq Kg`vg Abi wbKU wew KivK
ZvIqviiK ej|
ZvIqviiKi weavb:
hLb Kvb ew bM` UvKvi gyLvcx nq Kvb FY`vZv cve
bv| GgZvevq Zvi Rb GwU ea h, m evwKZ Kvb cY wKb
jb`b
342
q-weqi wKQy weavb
hvi wbKU _K q KiQ m Qvov Abi KvQ wew Kie Ges

D g~j viv Zvi cqvRb wgUve|
Dieyb ev evqbv bvgv:
G nQ weZvK Zvi c _K wKQy A_ w`q cY
wewbgq Kiv GB kZ h, cY wbj GB A_ g~ji Af
y ej
weewPZ ne| cvi Zv bv wbj `vqiKZ evqbv H weZvi
Rb _K hve| Ggb jb`b Acvi gqv` wbavwiZ nq
_vKj ea ne|
gyRvqv`vn Z_v mevP g~j wew Kiv:
gyRvqv`vi Pzw e`jv wfwK| Uvi viv gvbyl ev KvvwbK
WK cY WvK DwVq weZvi mwZg mevP g~j wew
Kivi bvg| G eemv cPwjZ eemvi kZ gvZveK RvqR| PvB
cYi gvwjK Kvb ew nvK ev miKvwi Kvb c nvK wKsev
Kvb Kvvwb nvK|
f
REF B - 7
x9?D J E > ed = > ` K= &
- d

YRC ` &
; 0 X -Ei B c g9 % -E4
%
9 : PB M X Y O +B
. J1E9
. ! ; B & B Y8
Rvei Beb Avyjvn [] _K ewYZ| GKRb gvbyl gZzi ci

Zvi Mvjvg AvRv` Ki gviv hvb| (gZ ewi cwievii
MvjvgwUi) cqvRb _vKvq bex [] Zv wbq ejb: GK Avgvi
_K K q Kie? ZLb MvjvgwU byqvBg Beb Avyjvn GZ
GZ `vg q Ki bb| bex [] MvjgwUK Zvi wbKU nvi
Kib|1
343
jb`b
my`
4- my`
ab-mì wZbwU weavb:
Bbmvd, AbyMn I Abvq| Bbmvd nQ eemv, AbyMn nQ `vb
Avi Abvq nQ my` BZvw`|
nvivg jb`bi Dmyj:
nvivg jb`bi g~j bxwZgvjv wZbwU:
my`----, Ryjyg--- I auvKv| AZGe, h Kvb jb`b G wZbwUi
Kvb GKwU _vKe mwUK kwiqZ nvivg Ki w`qQ| Avi Gi
evBi nj nvjvj Ki w`qQ; KviY jb`b Avmj nQ nvjvj
I ea| Avjvni evYx:
I
.[ /] H
wZwbB m mv whwb mw KiQb Zvgvì Rb hvwKQy Rwgb

iqQ m mg| AZ:ci wZwb AvKvki cwZ gbvmshvM
KiQb| eZ: wZwb Zix KiQb mvZ Avmgvb| wZwb me welq
AeMZ| [m~iv evKviv:29]
my`: my` chvR nq Ggb `yB ei gaKvi wewbgq evowZ wKQy
MnY KivK my` ej| my`Nvi GKwU wRwbmi Dci
AviKwUZ ewk Ki bq A_ev ewki gvKvejvB ìxZ
Kv Ki|
myì weavb:
1. my` Kexiv bvni Afy| GwU cwZwU Avmgvbx ag nvivg;
Kbbv GZ iqQ eo aiYi wZ| my` gvbyli ga kZvi mw
Ki Ges Mwieì ab wbq mì cvnvo Zixi KvR Bb
hvMvq| GZ gyLvcx ewi cwZ Ryjyg iqQ Ges abxK
jb`b
344
my`
dwKii Dci cfvekvjx Kiv nq| `vb I AbyMni ìRv e Kiv

Ges mevcwi gvbe gb _K `qv-gvqvi Abyf~wZ mg~j Zzj djvi
Kzdj wbwnZ AvQ|
2. my` nQ gvbyli m` evwZj cvq fY Kivi bvg| GZ
gvbyli cqvRbxq Avq, eemv I wk KvR weKj nq co| ZvB
myw` jb`bKvixi gvj Kvbic cwikg QvovB evoZ _vK| dj
m eemv I Ggb me jvfRbK KvR cwinvi Ki em hv viv
mvaviY gvbyl DcKZ nq| Avi h hZ ewk my` MnY Ki kl
ch Zvi ab ZZv ewk Kg hvq, hvi eve cgvY weki eo eo
evsKjvi `Dwjqv nIqv| GB myì cvci ZnviwU i
iqQ hvi ga mevcv mnRwU nQ wbRi gvi m Rbv Kivi
mgZzj|
myì kvw:
my` nQ mevcv eo bvni GKwU| Avjvn Zvqvjv Abvb
me cvci ga ay GB cvci Dci Z_v my` `vZv I MnxZvi
wei hy NvlYv KiQb|
~ } | { z y x w v um

- :
l
n gywgb mc`vq| Zvgiv AvjvnK fq Ki, Avi gywgb nq

_vKj Aewk my` UzKI
z Qo `vI; wK hw` Zv bv Ki Zvnj
Avjvn I im~ji c _K hyi NvlYv b ivL| Avi hw` ZIev
Ki Ze Zvgvì Rb g~j m` cvc _vKe| ZvgivI Ryjyg
Kie bv Ges Zvgvì cwZI Ryjyg Kiv ne bv|
345
jb`b
my`
[m~iv evKviv:278-279]
g- ) 8 :
D a=
; : ` K= - d

.S9 d-O>.\ a

* %& * i A8 8 9
2. Rvei (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn [`:] my` MnxZv,

my``vZv, Zvi jLK I Dfq mvxK Awfkvc KiQb Ges
ejQb Zviv cvc mevB mgvb|1
aR Ed : R
g
K
= : - %- * >

- 2
RgS - g4 : c
* 9 a= % : aD .L
P a'( k S
3 a R% ]a E E( 9 )D 8( > g- )D 8( > gJ2
( ! 3 -F E Q1( )D E
B r(
. J1E9.L
L
9 ' ( L
u
2
' ( p
Y( t
F b
3. Avey ivBiv (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb bex Kixg [`:]

digvb:Zvgiv mvZwU asmvZK e _K mZK _vK| mvnvevMY
wRm Kijb n Avjvni im~j mjv wK? cwZDi wZwb
ejjb: Avjvni mv_ Askx vcb (wkiK), hv`y, Abvqfve gvbyl
nZv, my` fY, GwZgi gvj fY, hyi gvV _K cjvqb Ges
Aejv mwZ-mvwa bvixK Rbvi Acev` c`vb Kiv|2
myì cKvi:
1. evwKRvZ my`: GwU mB ewaZ cwigvY hv weZv Zvi c
_K gqv` wcQvbvi wewbgq MnY Ki _vK| hgb: bM` GK
nvRvi UvKv GB wfwZ Ìqv h, GK eQi ci GK nvRvi GKkZ
UvKv diZ w`Z ne|

jb`b
346
my`
Gi Afy nQ Afvex ewi MnxZ FY cwieZb mw Kiv|

hgb: Kvb ewi wbKU wbw` gqv` Kviv cvIbv iqQ|
gqv` kl nj cvcK ZvK ejj: Zzwg wK cwikva KiZ PvI
bv wK mgq evwoq wbZ PvI? Di ZvrwYK cwikva Ki
`q bPr GB c gqv` evwoq `q| Avi H c gvji
cwigvY ewaZ Ki dj FYMi `vwqZ gvji cwigvY evoZ
_vK| Avi GwUB wQj Rvwnjx hyMi g~j my`| Avjvn Zvqvjv
BnvK nvivg KiQb Ges Gi cwieZ Afvexi Rb wewbgq
QvovB mgq evwoq `qvi wb`k Rvwi KiQb| GwU nQ
mevcv RNbZg my`; KviY Gi fqvenZv gvivZK Ges GZ
mecKvi my` GKwZ nq _vK h_v: evwK, ewk I FY wfwK
my`|
1. Avjvn Zvqvjv digvb:

m
: &2 l
n gywgb mc`vq Zvgiv e Y ewaZ nvi my` fY Ki bv,

Avi Zvgiv AvjvnK fq Ki hvZ mdj nZ cvi|
[m~iv Avj Bgivb: 130]
2. Avjvn Zvqvjv Aviv Gikv` Kib:
m
: l
hw` m Afvex nq _vK Ze mQjZv Avmv ch Zvgiv Acv

Ki, Avi hw` Zvgiv `vb Ki `vI Ze ZvB ne Dg hw` Zvgiv
RvbZ| [m~iv evKviv: 280]
jb`b
347
my`
Gi Afy wnmve Aviv iqQ cZK Ggb `yB cKvi ei

ga wewbgq Kiv hvi KviY ewkRvZ my`| mB mv_ DfqUv
wKsev GKUv eyS cvIqvi KvR wej^ nIqv| hgb: mvbvi
cwieZ mvbv I Mgi cwieZ Mg BZvw`| Abyic fve G
aiYi Kvb eK AbwUi mv_ wej^ wewbgq Kiv|
2. ewkRvZ my`: GwU nQ gy`vK gy`vi wewbgq A_ev Lv`K
Lvì wewbgq cwigvY ewk w`q wew Kiv| Bnv nvivg| Avi
kixqZ wbw` QqwU eZ mivmwi my`K nvivg NvlYv Kiv
nqQ| hgb : im~jyjvn [`:] ejb:
- ' ER - R'E
; 4
; 4 g-( M-( $ 1 ( $D 1 ( s
* Y s
* Y
p
R+( X Y R* ,
1 EO #T B &. x&% \v aS
\ a ) n( ' en( 9 |
( ' ( |
( ' (
.S9 d-O>.&
.
x&% 8 #! Eq( i t

8 a; B
^Yi wewbgq ^Y, ici wewbgq ic, Mgi wewbgq Mg,

hei wewbgq he, LRyii wewbgq LRyi, jeYi wewbgq jeY
cKvi I cwigvY GK nZ ne Ges nvZ nvZ DcwZ wewbgq
nZ ne| (Zvnj ea ne bPr bq) wK hw` cKvi wfb nq
Zvnj Zvgvì BQvaxb (Kg ewk) wewbgq KiZ cvie Ze
GB kZ h, Zv nvZ nvZ nZ ne| (evwKZ Pje bv) 1
Dciv Qq cKvii Dci cZK H ei Abygvb ne hv
mjvi mv_ KviY GK (Awfb) ^Y- ici : g~j Avi
Aewk PviwU Dcv`vb gvc I Lv`RvZ A_ev IRb I Lv`RvZ
nIqv aZe| gvc wnmve g`xbvi gvc Ges IRb wnmve gvevmxi
IRbB chvR ne| Avi hv G`yqi ga KvbUvi Afy bq
Zvi cPwjZ wbqg eZve| Avi h eZ ewkRvZ my` nvivg
ne m eZ evwKRvZ myÌ nvivg ej weewPZ ne|
1
jb`b
348
my`
3. FYRvZ my`:
Gi cwiPq GB h, Kvb ewK wKQy FY w`q GB kZvivc
Kiv h, m hb G Acv Aviv Dg wewbgq `q A_ev h Kvb
DcKvwiZvi kZvivc Kiv hgb : Zvi Ni GK gvm _vKZ `qv|
GUv nvivg Ze kZ bv Kiv Aevq hw` FY MnxZv wbRB Kvb
gybvdv ev ewk wKQy w`q `q, Ze Zv ea ne Ges Zvi Rb m
mIqve cve|
ewkRvZ myì wewa-weavb:
1. myì wfwZ GKB cKwZi ei wewbgq ewk wKsev evwK viv
jb`b Kiv nvivg| hgb : ^Yi e`j ^Y wKsev Mgi e`j
Mg wewbgq BZvw`| ZvB D eemv ea nIqvi kZ nQ GB h,
cwigvY mgvb I ZvrwYK wewbgq nZ ne hnZz cKwZ I
KviY Dfq wewbgqi e GK (Awfb)|
2. hLb Ggb `yB ei ga wewbgq ne hv ewkRvZ myì KviY
wnmve GK Ze cKwZ wnmve wfb, Ze evwKRvZ wewbgq nvivg I
ewkRvZ wewbgq ea ne hgb : ici wewbgq ^Y wew Kiv
A_ev hei wewbgq Mg wew Kiv BZvw`| GjvZ ZvrwYK
nvZ nvZ wewbgq nj ewk viv Zv Kiv Pje hnZz Gjv
KviY Awfb njI cKwZZ wfb|
3. hLb my` RvZxq `ywU ei ga wewbgq ne hvi KviY GK bq,
ZLb ewk I wej^RvZ gybvdv ea ne| hgb : ici wewbgq
Lv` wew Kiv A_ev ^Yi wewbgq Lv` wew Kiv BZvw`|
GjvZ ewk I evwKRvZ wewgbq ea; Kbbv Dfq èi cKwZ
I KviY wfb|
4. hLb Ggb `ywU ei ga wewbgq ne hv my` RvZxq bq, Ze
ewk I wej^ Dfq cKvii wewbgq ea ne| hgb : `ywU DUi
wewbgq GKwU DU wew Kiv A_ev `ywU Kvcoi wewbgq GKwU DU
jb`b
349
my`
wew Kiv A_ev `ywU Kvcoi wewbgq GKwU Kvco wew Kiv
BZvw`| GjvZ ewk I wej^RvZ wewbgq ea|
GKB cKvii è `yB aibi eZ wewbgq ea bq| Ze
Y GK nj Pje hgb : ZvRv LRyiK cvKv LRyii
wewbgq wew ea bq| Kbbv ZvRv LRyi wKq Kg nq
hvq| dj ewkRvZ myì Afy nq co|
^Yi AjsKvi wew Kivi weavb:
mvbv ev icvi AjsKvi wMwb mvbv-icvi mv_ ewkZ wewbgq
ea bq hwÌ AjsKvi evbvbvi LiP ewk nqQ| Abyic cyivZb
AjsKvi bZzb AjsKvii mv_ ewkZ wewbgq Kiv Pje bv| GK
cKvi AjsKvi wew Ki UvKv viv Ab AjsKvi q Kie|
evsK hme dvq`v MnY Ki Zvi weavb:
eZgvb weki evsKjv FYi wewbgq h gybvdv MnY Ki
_vK Zv my`| Abyic evsK GKvDU UvKv Rgv ivLvi wewbgq h
jvf evsK w`q _vK ZvI my`| Kviv c G _K DcKZ nIqv
ea bq; eis DwPZ nQ G _K wbwZ jvf Kiv|
my`x evsK UvKv Rgv ivLvi weavb:
1. gymjgvbì Dci IqvwRe nQ h, Zviv cqvRb Bmjvgx
evsK UvKv Rgv ivLe I WvdU BZvwì KvR mgvav Kie| Ze
hw` Zv bv _vK Ze Ab evsK gybvdv Qvov UvKv Rgv ivLe Ges
kixqZ jNb bv nq Ggb cwZZ UvKv WvdU BZvw` Kie|
2. gymjgvb mc`vqi c Ggb me evsK ev msvq PvKzix Kiv
nvivg hvZ my`x jb`b iqQ| GjvZ PvKzixiZ ewi
DcvRb nvivg, hvi Dci kvw eZve|
350
jb`b
my`
my` MnYi weavb:

hw` Kvb gymwjg ew my`x evsK UvKv Rgv ivL| AZ:ci
evsK ZvK my` w`j Zv Zvi Rb MnY Kiv RvqR bB Ges Zv
LiP KivI RvqR bB; KviY Bnv nvivg cvq DcvRb| Avi
Avjvn Zvqvjv cwe wZwb cwe Qvov Ab wKQy Keyj Kib bv|
Avi G _K wbwZ cvIqvi c_ njv: Zv Qo Ìqv I MnY bv
Kiv| hwÌ Zviv Zv Kvb nvivg KvR eq Ki A_ev
gymjvgvbì wei hy LiP Ki; KviY Zzwg ZvìK m wb`k
Ki bvB Ges Zvì Zv c`vbI Ki bvB; KviY Zzwg Zvi gvwjK nI
bvB|
my` LvIqv Kweiv bvn| Avjvn Zvqvjv h Zv MnY Ki Zvi
mv_ hyi NvlYv w`qQb| ZvB my` Ìqv I bIqv DfqwU
nvivg| PvB Zv Kg nvK ev ewk nvK| Avi Zvi cwiYZx me`v
asm Ges Avjvn I Zuvi m~ji mv_ hy hgbwU nvwQj nqQ I
nvwQj ne|
Avjvni evYx:
~ } | { z y x w v uI

.[-/ ]H

n Cgvb`viMY! Zvgiv AvjvnK fq Ki Ges myì h mg

eKqv AvQ, Zv cwiZvM Ki, hw` Zvgiv Cgvb`vi nq _vK|
AZ:ci hw` Zvgiv cwiZvM bv Kiv Ze Avjvn I Zuvi im~i
mv_ hy KiZ cZ nq hvI| wK hw` Zvgiv ZIev Ki, Ze
Zvgiv wbRì g~jab cq hve| Zvgiv KviI cwZ AZvPvi
Kiv bv Ges KD Zvgvì cwZ AZvPvi Kie bv|
[m~iv evKviv: 278-279]
jb`b
351
my`
my`hy m` _K Dvi cvIqvi Dcvq:

my` nQ RNb cvcmg~ni GKwU| Avjvn Zvqvjv hLb
my`MnYKvixK AbyMn Kib dj m ZIev Ki| wK Zvi wbKU
Zvi my`hy m` Aewk _K hvq hv _K m gy nZ Pvq| G
cwiwwZZ `ywU Aev `Lv wè|
1. hw` my`hy m`jv Abì nvZ _vK hv m wbR `Lj
bqwb, Zvnj GgZvevq g~j m` MnY Ki myw` AskK
cZvLvb Kie|
2. hw` my`hy m` Zvi wbKU _vK Zvnj GgZvevq m Zv
cvcKìK diZ wè bv Ges wbRI fY Kie bv; Kbbv G
nQ bvsiv DcvRb| Ze Bnv Kvb MwieK Lv` I e Qvov Ab
Kvb LvZ LiPi Rb w`q wè| A_ev Kvb KjvYg~jK cK
eq Ki dje|
c wew Kivi weavi:
cvYx RxweZ _vKv Aewa (Zvi ga) my` nq bv| Ggwbfve
cZK MYbvKZ ei AevI ZvB| dj `yB I wZbwU DUi e`j
GKwU DU wew Kiv ea| wK IRbKZ ei ga my` ne; ZvB
GK KwR QvMji gvsmK `yB KwR MvQji gvsmi wewbgq wew
Kiv Pje bv| wK GK KwR QvMji gvsm `yB KwR Mii gvsmi
wewbgq wew Kiv Pje| Ze Gi Rb kZ njv nvZ nvZ
wewbgq nZ ne (Avi ea GRb ne h,) GZ cKvi wfb|
msiY wKsev jvfi Dk ^Y q Kiv ea| hgb : mv
`vgi mgq q Ki Pov `vgi mgq Zv wew Kiv|
gy`v e`j I wew Kivi weavb:
gy`v q-weq nQ GK gy`vi wewbgq Aci gy`v wew Kiv,
PvB cKvi GK nvK A_ev wfb nvK| Ggwbfve gy`v ^Yi nvK
jb`b
352
my`
wKsev ici nvK A_ev eZgvb cPwjZ KvMRi bvU nvK|

Bnv g~ji w`K _K ^Y- ici weavb ivL|
hLb Kvb gy`vK Zvi mRvZ gy`vi wewbgq wew Kie|
hgb: ^Yi e`j ^Y A_ev KvMRi bvU gy`vi wewbgq Zvi
^RvZ gy`v hgb : wiqvji e`j KvMR wKsev Kqbi wiqvj,
Ze ZvZ cwigvY mgvb nIqv I Pzw eVK Av`vb-c`vb nZ
ne|
hLb Kvb gy`vK Ab cKvi gy`vi wewbgq wew Kie hgb:
ici wewbgq ^Y A_ev AvgwiKvb Wjvii wewbgq UvKv
Ze cwigvY ewk Kiv Pje; wK Pzw eVK Av`vb-c`vb
KiZ ne|
Dfq jb`bKvix c~Y wKsev AvswkK Av`vb-c`vbi c~e
wewQb nq coj h cwigvY MnY Kiv nqQ m cwigvY
jb`b we ne Ges Aewk Aski jb`b evwZj
weewPZ ne| hgb : KvDK `kwU ic gy`vi wewbgq GKwU
^Y gy`v w`q cuvPwU ic gy`v DcwZ MnY Kij| GgZvevq
AaK ^Ygy`vq jb`b mwVK ne Ges evwK AaK weZvi
wbKU AvgvbZ wnmve Rgv _vKe|
353
jb`b
FY
5- FY
Pzwi cKvi:
jb`bi Pzw wZb cKvi:
c_g: wewbgqi viv Pzw hgb: eemv I fvov BZvw`|
wZxq: `vbi Pzw hgb: nev, AwmqZ, IqvK&d, FY, `vb-LqivZ
BZvw`| Gme Gnmvb I `vbi Pzw|
ZZxq: mZvqbi Pzw hgb: eK, RvgvbZ, `vwq, mvx
BZvw`| Gme mve I mZvqb Kivi Pzw|
FY nQ: Avjvni wbKU mIqvei Avkvq KvDK wKQy m`
c`vb Kiv| PvB DcKZ nq FYMwnZv Zvi e`jv `K A_ev bv
`K|
FY ceZbi Zvrch:
FY nQ GKwU Drmvnhy Gev`Z hnZz GZ gyLvcxì
cwZ AbyMn iqQ| Aviv iqQ Zvì cqvRb wgUvbvi eev|
Avevi cqvRb hZ ewk ne Ges mB mv_ Avgj ewk GKwb
ne ZvZ mIqve ewk cvIqv hve| eZ: KvDK FY `vb mvjd
mvjnxbì wbKU mv`Kvi AaK weewPZ nZ|
FYi dwRjZ:
m
:
l
K AvQ Avjvni Dk Kih nvmvbv wè| dj wZwb ZvK

eY Zv ew Ki wèb| Avi AvjvnB msKU I mQjZv
mwKvix Ges Zuvi w`K Zvgiv cZvewZZ ne| [evKiv: 245]
jb`b
354
FY
R9 :

D a= : ` K= : - % - * >

f$ 9 P ( 3 a % m
- 8D
9 $e - 8D Q
10 0M& m
- 8D
9 $e - 8D
9 9
Q
10
X - E x' S
9 - E
9 f: - O ( 0M& B - S% - S
W ; 9 - S%
9
. O> a B & ; ( 8 9 & ; ( a B f : - O ( 0M& B
.S9 d-O>
2. Avey ivBiv (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn [`:]

ejQb:h ew Kvb gywgbi `ywbqv msv Kvb mgmv `~i
Kie Avjvn Zvqvjv Zvi wKqvgZi mgmv `~i Kieb| Avi h
ew Kvb AfveMK mnRZv c`kb Kij Avjvn Zvqvjv Bn I
ciKvj Zvi mv_ mnR AvPiY Kieb| Avi h ew Kvb
gymjgvbi `vl Mvcb ivLe, Avjvn Zvqvjv Bn I ciKvj Zvi
`vl Mvcb ivLeb| Avjvn ZZY ev`vi mvnvh _vKb hZY
m Zvi fvBqi mvnvh _vK|1
FYi weavb:
1. FY `qv gyvnve I Zv MnY Kiv ea| Avi h ei q-weq
ea Zvi FYI ea hw` Zv Rvbv-bv e nq| FY `vZvi c _K
Kvb `vb Kiv ea| Avi FY MnxZvi Dci FYi e`jv diZ `qv
DwPZ mggvbi eZ mggvbi e viv| Avi G Qvov Abvb
eZ g~j viv|
2. h FYB jvf eq wbq Avm Zv nvivg I myì Afy hgb:
KvDK wKQy FY w`q GB kZvivc Kiv h, Zvi Ni evmevm
Kie| A_ev jvfi Dci KvDK A_ `qv hgb: GK eQi ci
GK nvRvi `yB kZ UvKvi wewbgq eZgvb ZvK GK nvRvi FY
`qv|
1
355
jb`b
FY
FY Gnmvb Kivi weavb:

FY kZ Qvov Gnmvb c`kb Kiv gyvnve hgb: KvDK QvU
DU FY `qvi wewbgq m eo DU diZ w`j| Kbbv GwU nQ
Dg cwikva I Dg Pwi| h ew Kvb gyjmgvbK `yevi FY
è m hb ZvK GKevi `vb-LqivZ Kij|
R9 t
S
E
a= > ` K= k B = >

) Rd- RP( % ( > k B = > - 9 +B $ & u ) !
9 )V ! ,
9 & P B x-C( ) d =
X R%! N > : PB x = x=O ! @B & d > PB k B = a> ! k d - B X - C(
.S9 d-O>.\
@ S
F >
= O !
Avey ivd (iv:) _K ewYZ h, im~jyjvn [`:] GK ewi wbKU

_K GKwU QvU DU avi bb| AZ:ci Zuvi wbKU mv`Kvi DU
Avmj wZwb Avey ivd'K D ewi FY cwikvai wb`k `b|
Avey ivd wdi Gm ej, Avwg DU cvj Dg-eo DU Qvov Ab
wKQy `LwQbv| wZwb ejjb:GwUB w`q `vI| Zvgvì ga mB
Dg h cwikva mevcv Dg|1
DcwZ FY cwikva wKQy Ask ev` Ìqvi weavb:
mgq mvc FY ZvrwYK cwikvai wfwZ Kg Kiv ea|
PvB Zv FY MnxZvi Abyiva nvK ev FY`vZvi c _K nvK|
Avi h ew Abi c _K FY ev LvivwK cwikva Kie m
PvBj Zv diZ wbZ cvie|
AfveMK mgq `qv I gvd Kivi dwRjZ:
AfveMK mgq `qv Dg Pwii cwiPq| Gi PvBZ fvj
KvR nQ ZvK gvd Ki `qv|
1
356
jb`b
FY
m
: l
Avi hw` msKUvcb nq Ze mvejw^Z nIqv ch Acv Ki|

Avi hw` Zvgiv `vb Ki Ze Zv ne Zvgvì c Dg hw`
Zvgiv AeMZ nZ| [m~iv evKviv: 280]
a *
a= ,
; ' : ` K= - S
( >

.S9 d-O>. ]
B > k K

> x-S
W ; 9 - } 0>
9 :D aDP%
2. Ave~j Bqvmvi (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avwg im~jyjvn

[`:]K ejZ bwQ, wZwb ejb: h ew Kvb msKUvcbK mgq
è wKsev gvd Ki è Avjvn Zvqvjv ZvK (wKqvgZi w`b)
Avcb QvqvZ Avkq wèb|1
FYMnxZvi Pvi Aev:
1. hvi wbKU wKQyB bB| ZvK mgq `qv I Zvi wcQ bv jM
_vKv DwPZ|
2. hvi FY Acv m` ewk| Zvi wbKU `vex Kiv hve Ges
cwikva eva Kiv DwPZ ne|
3. hvi wbKU FYi cwigvY m` iqQ| GKI cwikva eva
Kiv hve|
4. Zvi wbKU FY Acv m` Kg _vKe G nQ AfveM| FY
`vZvì mevi wKsev wKQy msLKi `vex Abyhvqx Zvi m`
evRqv Kiv ne Ges mevi FYi cwigvY wnmve Zvì ga Zv
eb Kiv ne|
jb`b
357
FY
FY wbq cwikva Kivi BQv bv _vKj Zvi kvw:

FYMwnZvi cwZ IqvwRe njv: FY cwikva Kivi `p
msKe _vKv| G Qvov Avjvn Zvqvjv ZvK asm Ki `b| bex
Kixg [`:] ejb:
R1 A> @B A! & % -% Y O >
9 7> *\[ 7> & % -%
a9> Y O >
9
.l=U d-O>.
h ew cwikvai BQv wbq gvbyli m` FY bq Avjvn Zv

cwikvai eev Ki `b| cvi h Zv web Kivi Dk
MnY Ki Avjvn ZvK asm Ki `b|1
358
jb`b
eK
6- eK
Pzwi cKvi:
Pzw gvU wZb cKvi:
1. Dfq ci gaKvi AeavwiZ Pzw hgb: q-weq I fvov
BZvw`|
2 Dfq ci gaKvi RvqR Pzw| Bnv cZKB cZvnvi Kivi
AwaKvi ivL hgb: `vwqZfvi MnY BZvwì Pzw|
3. GK ci Dci RvqR I Aci ci Dci AeavwiZ Pzw|
hgb: eK hv MnxZvi c RvqR I `vZvi c AeavwiZ| G
Qvov Ggb me evcvi hjvZ GKRbi Dci AviK Rbi
AwaKvi eZvq|
eK nQ: Ggb Kvb ei wewbgq FYi Pzw Kiv hv viv
wKsev Zvi g~j viv FYM FY cwikva AcviM nj Zvi
wZc~iY Kiv me nq|
eK ceZbi Zvrch:
eK g~jZ: m` msiYi Dk cewZZ nqQ hb FY
`vZvi AwaKvi web bv nq| gqv`c~Y nj eK `vZvi c
(FY) cwikva Kiv Acwinvh nq co; wK hw` m cwikva
KiZ e_ nq, Ze Zvi AbygwZg eK MnxZv eKKZ e
wew Ki FY Av`vq Kie| Avi Ggb bv nj wePvicwZ Zv
cwikva wKsev eKKZ e wew KiZ ZvK eva Kie| hw`
ZvZ m mZ bv nq, Ze wePvicwZ wbR Zv wew Ki FY
cwikvai eev wbeb|
:
l f K JI H G F E D C B m
359
jb`b
eK
Avi hw` Zvgiv mdi _vK Ges Kvb jLK bv cvI Ze nvZ
eyS cvIqv eK MnY Kie| [m~iv evKviv: 283]
R9 Rx9;h -Ei

> @ K
= $ 4
_

. J1E9.&
. %&F
9 x= 7 * = ) d > ! l7 a@%
2. Avqkv (ivwhqvjv Avbnv) _K ewYZ, bex Kixg [`:] wbw`

gqv` GK Bwì wbKU _K wKQy Lv` è q Kib Ges wZwb
Zvi wbKU GK jn eg eK ivLb|1
eK nQ Zvi MnxZvi wbKU A_ev AvgvbZ wnmve Ab Kviv
wbKU ivLv AvgvbZ, m Aenjv wKsev Aceenvi (viv b bv
Ki _vKj) Zvi Rvwgb`vi ne bv|
eK mwVK nIqvi Rb kZmg~n:
eK mwVK nIqvi Rb kZ njv: eK`vZvi KZZ Kivi
eaZv _vKv, `yci gvS BRve I Keyj nIqv, eK I Zvi
cKvi Rvbv, eKKZ ei DcwwZ _vKv hwÌ GRgvwj e nq bv
Kb, eKKZ ei gvwjK nIqv, eK wnme iwZ e
FYMnxZvK K Kiv| Gme kZvewj hLb c~iY ne ZLb eK
mwVK I Riwi ne|
eKi Dci LiP Kie K:
eKKZ ei eqfvi eK`vZvi Dci eZve Avi hv LiPi
cqvRb Zv m Kie| eK hw` Kvb Avinx nq Zvnj eK
MnxZv Zvi Dci AvivnY Kie Ges `ya `vnbi c nj `ya
`vnb Kie| Avi h cwigvY jvf fvM Kie m cwigvY eqfvi
m enb Kie|
jb`b
360
eK
eK wew Kivi weavb:

eK`vZv eK MnxZvi AbygwZ Qvov eKZ e wew KiZ
cvie bv| Ze hw` wew Ki dj Avi eK MnxZv ZvK mg_b
Ki Ze wew we ne| G Qvov Zv A PzwZ cwiYZ ne|
eKi Pzw kl nIqv:
eKi Pzw kl ne FYMnxZv m~Y FY cwikva Kij,
eK wnme ivLv e Zvi gvwjKi wbKU mc` Kij, wePviKi
wb`kg FY`vZvi c _K wewi Rb eva Kij, FY`vZvi
c _K eK evwZj Kij, h Kvbfve FY nZ gy nj,
eK wnme ivLv e asm nj, `yci mwZg eK wnme
ivLv eZ wew ev nevi gvag nidi Kij| AZGe, hLb
Gmei Kvb GKwU msNwUZ ne ZLb eK wkw_j nq coe Ges
kl nq hve|
361
jb`b
Rvwgb`vix I `vwqZfvi MnY
7- Rvwgb`vix I `vwqZfvi MnY

Rvwgb`vix nQ: Abi Dci RvgvbZ I Zrmsv Acwinvh
e envj _vKv ch Zvi `vwqZfvi MnY Kivi bvg|
Rvwgb`vixi weavb:
Bnv nQ KjvYi KvR| Avi myweav Zvi Pvwn`v ivL eis
KLbI Zv cqvRb nq ùvovq| GwU cyY I ZvKIqvi KvR
mnhvwMZvi Afy| GZ gymjgvb ewi Pvwn`v wgUvbvi eev
iqQ hgb iqQ Zvi mgmv `~ixKiYi Dcvq|
Rvwgb`vix we nIqvi kZ:
Rvwgb`vi ewK jb`bi Dchy nIqv Ges m wP I
AevaKZ nIqv|
wK viv Rvwgb`vix mwVK ne:
1. cZK H k viv Rvwgb`vix we ne hv viv Zv eySv hvq|
hgb : Avwg Zvi Rvwgb njvg A_ev Avwg Zvi `vwqZfvi MnY
Kijvg BZvw`|
2. Rvwgb`vix Kvb wbw` ei Dci nZ cvi hgb: GK nvRvi
UvKv A_ev Kvb Awbw` ei Dci nZ cvi hgb ejv: Avwg
AgyKi wbKU Zvgvi cvc mì Rvwgb`vi| A_ev ejv: m gZ
wKsev RxweZ Aevq Zvi Dci eZvbv mewKQyi Rb Avwg
Rvwgb`vi|
Rvwgb`vixi KviY hv eZve:
Kvb Rvwgb`vi FYi Rvwgb`vix MnY KijB FY MnxZv
`vwqZ gy nq hvq bv; eis FY Dfqi Dci _K hvq| dj
FY`vZv h Kvb GKRbi wbKU Zv PvBZ cvi|
362
jb`b
Rvwgb`vixi Pzw kl nIqv:

FY`vZv ^xq FY eyS cj A_ev `vqgy Ki w`j Rvwgb`vi
`vwqZgy nq hve|
KvdvjZ Z_v `vwqZfvi MnY nQ: Kvb eySgvb mb ew
KZK Avw_K AwaKvi MnxZvK Zvi cvcKi wbKU DcwZ
Kivi `vwqZfvi MnY Kivi bvg|
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gxgvsmv gymjgvb I Kvdiì gvS nZ cvi| wVK
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cwZekx, AvZxq-^Rb I ez-evei mv_ m` ev Abbv
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10- wewawbla AvivcKiY

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Kiv ej|
wewawbla Avivci wewa-weavb Kivi nKgZ:
Avjvn Zvqvjv mì ndvRZ Kivi wb`k KiQb Ges
m RbB h ew Zvi m` wVK gZ LiP KiZ ci bv hgb:
cvMj Zvi cwZ wbla Avivci weavb ceZb KiQb| Abyic
hvi m` ^vaxb fve KZZ Kivq wZi AvksKv iqQ hgb:
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hgb: wbeva ew A_ev Zvi nvZ h m` AvQ Zv Zvi
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wewawbla Avivc `yB cKvi:
1. Abi Aski Rb wbla Avivc Kiv hgb: wb:^ `Dwjqv
ewi cwZ wblavv Avivc FY `vZvì Aski Rb|
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Zvi Dci wbla Avivc Kiv hve bv| Ze ZvK Zvi FY
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wbla Avivc Kiv Ges Rb mgvRK AewnZ Kiv Riwi; hvZ
Ki gvbyl Zvi evcvi auvKvq bv co| Avi Zvi FY `vZvì FY
cwikvai mgq nj wKsev wKQy msLKì PvIqvi ccwZ Zvi
Dci wewawbla Avivc Kiv ne|
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Zvi wbKU wKQy PvIqv hve bv| Zvi m` Kvb cKvi nc
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wbeva I cvMji wblavv Rvwi iwnZ KLb ne?

hLb cvMj ew vb wdi cve Ges eywvb ne A_ev
wbeva eywgvb ne| hvi dj mì myì KZZ KiZ cvi,
auvKvq co bv Ges Kvb nvivg LiP Ki bv A_ev AcqvRbxq
KvR LiP Ki bv, ZLb Zvì `yRbi Dci _K wewawbla
Avivc iwnZ nq hve| Avi Zvì mKj m` Zvì wbKU
diZÌqv ne| abx ewi FY cwikva PvjvwK ev Uvjevnbv
Kiv Ryjyg| G Aevq Zvi mvb b Kiv I ZvK kvw Ìqv
ea| ZvB ^Qj FYx ewi UvjgvUjKvixK Avè c`vbi
Dk AvUK ivLv ea| Avi Afvex ewK h Aski nK`vi Zv
Ges ZvK gvd Ki ÌqvB Dg I gRbK|
jb`b
377
IqvKvjwZ
11- IqvKvjwZ
IqvKvjwZ: hme KvR Kviv cwieZ KZZ Kiv RvqR ZvZ
DwKj wbqvM KivK IqvKvjwZ ej|
DwKj wbqvM Kiv eaKiYi nKgZ:
IqvKvjwZ eaKiY Bmjvgi m`hi ewn:cKvk| cZKB
GK Acii m mshy _vKvi dj, KLb Zvi wKQy AwaKvi
Abi cwZ iqQ| Avevi Abi AwaKvi Zvi Dci AvQ| ZvB
wbRB bIqv Ìqv wbRB Kie A_ev AbRbK Zv Kivi Rb
ZvwqZ AcY Kie| Avi AbK gvbyl Zvi welqw` wbRB KiZ
mg bv| ZvB Bmjvg ZvK DwKj wbqvM Kivi AbygwZ c`vb
KiQ, hvZ Ki DwKj Zvi cwZwbwa wnmve Zv mb KiZ
ci|
IqvKvjwZi weavb:
Bnv GKwU RvqR AvK&` Z_v Pzw| G Pzw DwKj I gyqvj
Dfqi Rb h Kvb mgq f Kiv RvqR|
IqvKvjwZ Ggb K_v ev KvRi gvag msNwUZ nq hv
IqvKvjZi cwZ BwZ enb Ki|
hme KvR IKvjwZ ea:
AwaKvi wZb cKvi:
1. Ggb AwaKvi hvZ me Aevq IqvKvjwZ mwVK nq| Avi Zv
nQ h mKj welq cwZwbwaZ Pj hgb: mKj cKvi PzwKiY,
PzwfY, `mg~n I Gi gZ AviI hv iqQ|
2. Ggb wRwbm hvZ IqvKvjwZ KvbfveB mwVK nq bv| Avi Zv
nQ kvixwiK Gev`Zmg~n hgb: cwev ARb I bvgvR BZvw`|
Abyic nvivg KvR IKvjwZ hgb: g` wew A_ev Kvb wbvc
ewK nZv wKsev Kviv m` wQwbq bIqv BZvw` KvRi
Rb IKvjwZ|
jb`b
378
IqvKvjwZ
3. Ggb wRwbm hvZ Aci ewi Rb IqvKvjwZ Pj hgb: diR

nR I Dgiv|
IqvKvjwZi Aevmg~n:
IqvKvjwZ wKQy mgqi Rb nZ cvi hgb: ejv, Zzwg Avgvi
GK gvmi Rb DwKj| Avi kZ KiI IKvjZx mwVK nZ cvi
hgb ejv: hLb Avgvi evoxi fvov kl ne ZLb Zv wew Kie|
nvj Aevi RbI IqvKvjZx mwVK nq hgb ejv: GLb Zywg
Avgvi DwKj| IqvKvjZx Rjw` Ges ìx Ki MnY Kiv mwVK
ne|
DwKj Ab KvDK IKvjZxi `vwqZfvi Ìqvi weavb:
DwKji Rb h evcvi ZvK IqvKvjZxi `vwqZ Ìqv
nqQ ZvZ Ab KvDK DwKj wbqvM KiZ cvie bv| Ze
gyqvj AbygwZ w`j cvie| hw` IqvKvjZx KiZ Ag nq Ze
Avw_K evcvi Qvov Abvb welqw`Z DwKj wbqvM KiZ cvie|
Ze AekB gyqvji AbygwZ wbZ ne|
IKvjwZ evwZj KLb ne?
wbi KviY viv IqvKvjwZ evwZj nq:
1. `yRbi ga Kvb GK Rbi c _K Pzw evwZj Z_v
iwnZ Kij|
2. gyqvji c _K DwKjK AcmviY Kij|
3. `yRbi ga Kvb GK Rbi gZy ev cvMj nj|
4. Kvb GK Rbi Dci wbeva Ggb nIqvi wewawbla Avivc
nj|
DwKj wbqvMi cwZ:
cvwikwgK viv ev Kvb wewbgq QvovB DwKj wbqvM Kiv
RvqR| h evcvi DwKj wbqvM Ìqv nqQ m evcvi DwKj
AvgbZ`vi| Zvi nvZ wKQy b nj Ges Zvi c _K Kvb
cKvi Aenjv c`wkZ bv nj m LmviZ wèbv ev wRv`vi ne
bv| Avi hw` Zvi c _K Kvb cKvi mxgvjsNb ev Aenjv
jb`b
379
IqvKvjwZ
c`wkZ nq Ze m wZc~iY wè| m Aenjv Kiwb Ggb K_v

ejj njd viv Zvi K_v MnYhvM ej weewPZ ne|
IKvjwZ Zje Kivi weavb:
h ew wbR mK cwic~YZv I AvgbZ`vix Rvb Ges
wbRi Dci I AvgvbZi evcvi wLqvbZi Avkv Ki bv Ges
Gi Pq ekx iZcY~ KvR _K IqvKvjZxi dj e bv nq
co, Zvnj Zvi Rb IqvKvjZx Kiv gynve; KiY GZ iqQ
AbK cwZ`vb I mIqve| GgbwK hw` cvwikwgK MnYi gvag
fvj wbqZ KvR mgv Ki ZeyI m bwK cve|
jb`b
380
Kvvwb
12- Kvvwb
Kvvwb: `yB ev ZZvwaK ewi gvS Kvb AwaKvi ev
jb`b GKwZ nIqvK Kvvwb ej|
Kvvwb wewa-weavb Kivi nKgZ:
Kvvwbi wfw I Kvb KvR Kivi wewa-weavb Kiv Bmjvgi
wekl ewki GKwU| GK Kvb KvR Kiv eiKZ bvwRj I
m` ewi AbZg KviY| Ze kZ njv hw` mZZv I
AvgvbZ`vixi m nq| wekl Ki eo aiYi KvRi Rb
AvgbZ`vix AZxe cqvRb; KviY eo cR GK Rbi viv
mv`b Kiv meci bq| hgb: wk cR, wbgvY KvR, eemvevwYR I Pvlev` BZvw`|
Kvvwbi weavb:
gymwjg nvK ev Agymwjg nvK Zvi mv_ Kvvwb wfwK KvR
Kivi Pzw Kiv ea| ZvB h Kvb KvR AskMnY Kiv RvqR|
Ze kZ njv: gymwjg ew QvovB Agymwjg GKvB hb KZZ ev
jb`b bv Ki; KviY Kij m nvivg KvRi Kvievix Kie|
hgb : my`, auvKvevwR Ges Avjvni nvivgKZ eemv hgb: g`,
k~Ki, g~wZ BZvwì eemv|
Kvvwbi cKvi:
Kvvwb `yB cKvi:
1. gvwjKvbfy Kvvwb:
Bnv nQ `yB ev Gi AwaK ewi Kvb A_bZxK KvR
Askx`vwiZ Kiv hgb: Kvb Ni-evoxi gvwjK nIqvi evcvi
kwiK nIqv| A_ev Kvb dvixi gvwjKvbvq AskMnY Kiv| A_ev
Mvwo BZvwì gvwjKvbvq kwiK nIqv| `yRbi Kvb GKRb Aci
Rbi AbygwZ Qvov Kvb cKvi nc Kiv RvqR bB| hw`
nc KiZ PvB Ze aygv wbRi kwiKvbv Ask KiZ
jb`b
381
Kvvwb
cvie| wK hw` Zvi kwiK ZvK AbygwZ `q Ze mewKQzZ

cwiPvjbv KiZ cvie|
2. PzwAve Kvvwb:
cwiPvjbvq I jb`b kwiK nIqv hgb: KbvePv, fvov
Ìqv BZvw`| Bnv Avevi KqK cKvi:
(K) Avgvb Kvvwb:
Bnv nQ `yB ev Gi AwaK ew kwiK I wbw` A_ viv
GK Kvvwb Lvjv| Avi GZ Kg ewk nj ZvZ Kvb
Amyweav bB| `yRbB kg wè A_ev GKRb ayKvR Kie hvi
jfvsk wZxq Rbi Pq ekx ne| GZ kZ njv g~j cyuwRi
cwigvY wbw` nZ ne| PvB wbw` UvKv nvK ev wbw` Aevbi
eemvmgMx nvK| Avi jvf I wZ `yRbi mì cwigvY I
kZ Ges mwi wfwZ ne|
(L) gyhvivev Kvvwb:
Bnv nQ Kvb GKRb kwiK Aci kwiKi wbKU eemvi Rb
A_ c`vb Kie| Avi cPwjZ Kvb wbqgi Kvb wbw` cwigvYi
jvfi wfwZ HKgZ cuQe| hgb: AaK ev GK ZZxqvsk
BZvw`| Gi h Kvb GKUvZ HKgZ I ivwR ne ZvB mwVK
ne| Avi evwK Ask wZxq Rbi Rb ne| hw` eemv KiZ
wMq jvKmvb nq Ze Zv jfvsk _K c~iY KiZ ne Ges
whwb KvR Kie Zvi Dci wKQyB Avme bv| Avi hw` Kvb cKvi
mxgvjNb ev Aenjv QvovB m` b nq Ze gyhvivevKvix
eemvqx wRv`vix ne bv| gyhvivevKvix m` Kv Kivi evcvi
AvgvbZ`vi Avi cwiPvjbvi evcvi DwKj Ges KvRi evcvi
kwgK I jvf kwiK|
mxgvjNb I Aenjv:
gZv cqvM I cwiPvjbvi hv RvqR bv Ggb KvR Kiv
mxgvjNb| Avi Aenjv c`kb njv: hv Kiv IqvwRe Zv ZvM
Kiv|
jb`b
382
Kvvwb
(M) ARyn (LvwZ viv) Kvvwb:

Kvb m` Qvov wbRì `yRbi cwiwPwZ I eemvqxì
gvS wekvmi viv wbRì wRvq Kvb wKQy q Ki hv jvf
ne Zv `yRbi gvS fvM Kiv| Gì GK Acii DwKj I
wRv`vi| Avi Zvì gvS gvwjKvbv ne h kZvwì Dci Zviv
GKgZ cvlY KiQ| Zvì gvwjKvbv AbycvZ jvKmvb wbaviY
ne Ges jvf eb ne Zvì gvS h kZ GKgZ I mw
nqQ m wnmve wbaviY ne|
(N) Ave`vb Z_v kvixwiK Kvvwb:
`yRb ev AwaK ew kvixwiK fve nvjvj DcvRb kwiK
nIqv| hgb: KvV KvUv I mKj cKvi ckv I KvR Kg| Gi vi
Avjvn Zvqvjv ZvìK iwR`vb Kieb Zv Zvì gvS h fve
HKgZ I ivwR ne m wnmve eb ne|
(O) gydvIqvhv Kvvwb:
cZK kwiK Zvi Aci kwiKK A_bZxK I kvixwiK hZ
cKvi KbvePv I wRv`vwiZ AvQ me Zvi wRvq KZZ AcY
Kiv| Bnv c~ei Pvi cKvii Askx`vi wfwi mgbq| Avi jvf
Zvì gvSi kZ gvZveK Ges jvKmvb Kvvwbi gvwjKvbvi
cwigvY wnmve wbavY ne|
Kvvwbi DcKvi:
Avbvb, gyhvivev, IRyn, I Ave`vb Kvvwbi cwZ m`
evovbvi GK Dg gvag Ges DcKvi cuQvbvi fvj Avv I
Bbmvd evevqbi Rb Dchy eevcbv|
Avbvb Dfq c _K m` I KvR mgvb ne| gyhvivevZ
iqQ GK ci m` Avi Aci ci cwikg| Avi Ave`vb
iqQ `yRbi c _K KvR Ges IRynZ iqQ gvbyli gvS
mycwiwPwZ viv eemv cwiPvjbv Kiv|
G aibi Kvvwbjv jb`b myw` Kvievi hv Ryjyg I
evwZj cvq gvbyli m` fY Kiv _K gy _vKvi Rb
jb`b
383
Kvvwb
h_| Avi nvjvj cvq mxgv iLvi ga _K DcvRbi

cwiwPwZ evcKZv jvf NU| kwiqZ gvbylK GKvwK ev
h_fve kwiqZ mZ cvq DcvRb Kiv ea Ki w`qQ|
ea Kvvwbi Rb kZvejx:
kwiqZ hme KvvwbK ea KiQ Zvi Rb kZ njv:
1. cZK kwiKi g~jab hb Rvbvbv nq|
2. cZK kwiKi g~jab wnme jvfi Ask fvM nZ ne|
A_ev GKRbi GK ZZxqvsk ev GK PZz_vsk Avi evwK
Acii Rb|
3. Kvwbi Kvievi Ggb KvR I welq nZ ne hv kwiqZ
ea|
eemvq Kvb ewi bvg eenvi Kivi weavb:
hw` Kvb Agymwjg Kvvwb Kvb `ki Kvb bvMwiKi mv_
GKgZ cvlY Ki h, m Zvi bvg I cwiwPwZ eenvi Kie Ges
Zvi wbKU nZ Kvb cKvi m` I KvR PvBe bv| Avi Gi
gyKvejvq ZvK wKQy wbw` UvKv ev jvfi wKQy Ask c`vb Kie,
Zvnj G aiYi KvR ea bq Ges G aiYi Pzw mwVK ne bv|
KviY Gi ga iqQ wg_v, auvKvevwR I wZ hv kwiqZ nvivg|
Avi c~e DjwLZ Kvvwbjv G aibi KvR _K gyw cvIqvi
Dg weK eev|
jb`b
384
cvwb mP I Rwg eMv
13- mkZ cvwb mP I eMvq Rwg Pvlvev`

Z mP Ìqv: h MvQi dj nq hgb : LRyi I Avyi
MvQ KvDK GB kZ Ìqv h, Gi dj cvKv ch mP wè
Ges hv wKQy cqvRb Zv Kie| Gi e`jvq ZvK cPwjZ
wbqg dji wKQy wbw` Ask wè hgb: AaK ev Pvi fvMi
GK fvM A_ev Ab Kvb cwigvY| Avi evwK Ask gvwjKi
_vKe|
eMvq Rwg Pvl:
cPwjZ wbqg Kvb wbw` cwigvY Aski e`jvq Avev` Kivi
Rb f~wg AcY Kiv| hgb : AaK ev GK PZz_vsk BZvw` Avi
evwK Ask Rwgi gvwjKi|
Z cvwb mP I eMvq f~wg Pvlvevì dwRjZ:
:
D a= : K
= 6
. 9
Q
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9
9 9
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Avbvm Beb gvjK [] nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn []

ejQb:h Kvb gymwjg ew GKwU MvQ ivcY Kie ev Kvb
mkZ Pvlvev` Kie| Avi Zv nZ cvwL ev gvbyl wKsev RxeR
fY Kie Bnv m ewi Rb m`Kvq cwiYZ ne| 1
e`jvi wewbgq MvQ cvwb mP I eMvq f~wg Pvlvev` wewaweavb Kivi nKgZ:
wKQy gvbyl Ggb AvQ h Rwgb I MvQi gvwjK A_ev Rwgb I
exRi gvwjK| wK m wbR mP Ìqv I cwiPRv KiZ Ag|
nnv bv Rvbvi KviY ev Ab Kvb KvR e _vKvq wbR KiZ
cvi bv| Ab w`K wKQy gvbyl AvQ m KvR KiZ mg wK Zvi
385
jb`b
cvwb mP I Rwg eMv
gvwjKvbvfy Kvb MvQ ev Rwg bB| ZvB Dfq ci DcKviv_

Bmjvg e`j cvwb mP I eMvq f~wg Pvlvev` ea KiQ| Avi Gi
dj Rwgbi Pvlvev`, mì ew I LU LvIqv gvbyl Z_v hviv
KvR KiZ mg wK m` I MvQi gvwjK bv Zvì nvZK
KvR jvMvbv nq|
GK wewbgq cvwb mP I eMvq Rwg Pvli weavb:
wewbgq mP I eMvq f~wg Pvli Pzw GKwU Riwi Pzw| Bnv
Ab ci mw Qvov iwnZ ev mv`b Kiv RvqR bB| Gi
Rb kZ njv mgq wbw`KiY hwÌ Zv `xN nq bv Kb| Avi
`yci mwwPZ nZ ne| GKB evMvb cvwb mP I eMvq
Rwgb Pvli mg^q NUvbv RvqR AvQ| hgb cPwjZ wbqgi
wbw` dji GK Ask viv cvwb mP è Avi mki wbw`
cwigvY Aski wewbgq Rwgb Pvl Kie|
) R9 R
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Avyjvn Beb Dgvi [] _K ewYZ, bex [] Lqevii Rwgb

Pvlvev` Kivi Rb AaK Aski wewbgq KlK wbqvM `b| m
Rwgb nZ h dj ev mk Drcv`b ne Zvi AaK Zviv cve|1
gyLveviv:
f~wgi gvwjK G kZ Pvlvev` KiZ Ìqv h, h Ask cvwbi
Wb I mPi cvki m Ask Zvi| A_ev Zi Kvb wbw` Ask
KlKi Rb wbw` Ki `qv| Bnv kwiqZ nvivg; KviY GZ
iqQ auvKvevwR I AZv Ges wec`| `Lv hve h, KLbv G
Ask fvj ne I Ab Ask b nq hve; hvi dj `yRbi gvS
SMov evae|
eyLvix nvt bs 2328 k ZviB gymwjg nvt bs 1551
jb`b
386
cvwb mP I Rwg eMv
Rwg fvov Ìqvi weavb:

UvKvi wewbgq Rwgb fvov Ìqv RvqR| Abyic cPwjZ
wbqg mki wKQy wbw` Aski wewbgq hgb : AaK ev GK
ZZxq Ask BZvwÌ RvqR|
f~wg Pvl, wk, eemv-evwYR I Ni evox wbgvY BZvw` KvR
Agymwjgi mv_ cviwiK mK I jb`b Kiv RvqR|
Ze kwiqZi mv_ Kvb cKvi hb bv nq|
KzKzi cvlvi weavb:
Kvb cqvRb Qvov KzKzi cvlv gymwjg ewi Rb nvivg|
cqvRb hgb: wkKvix KzKzi, c Pivbvi Rb wKsev Z cvnviv
I `Lv bvi Rb| KviY gnvbex [] ejQb:
X - Rd>
R9 o
PD % 0T B j
= > .$i 9 &.
s
( C Q
x( 8 E(
9
. J1E9
.3 a % )8D h
h ew wkKvix KzKzi ev wkKvi Kivi Rb ev c Pivbv wKsev

Z cvnvivi Rb bv Ggb KzKzi ivL Zvi cwZ w`b `ywKivZ bwK
Kg hvq|1
AwbQvKZfve Kviv m` Rvjvbvi weavb:
hw` Kvb ew Zvi wbR gvwjKvbvfy vb mwVK Kvb
Dk Avb Rvjvbvi ci evZvm Zv Dwoq wbq Abi m`
Rvwjq `q Ges euvav Ìqvi Kvb Dcvq bv _vK, Ze m ew
Zvi wRv`vi ne bv|
jb`b
387
fvov
14- fvov
fvov: DcKvwi Kvb ea eZ wbw` wKQz mgq wbw` e`jvi
wewbgqi PzwK fvov ej|
fvovi weavb:
fvov `yB ci gai GKwU Riwi Pzw| h mKj k fvovi
cwZ BwZ Ki Zv viv fvov msNwUZ nq| hgb : ZvgvK fvov
w`jvg ev h mKj cPwjZ k viv mgvR fvov wbw` nq|
fvovi weavb kwiqZ mZ Kivi nKgZ:
fvovi gvag gvbyl GK Acii gvS DcKvix wRwbmi
wewbgq KiZ cvi| KvRi Rb wewfb ckvRxwei emevmi Rb
Ni-evwoi cqvRi eva Ki| Avi RxeR, Mvwo I gkvbvix
BZvw` wRwbmi cqvRb nq enb I hvv Ges DcKvii Rb|
ZvB Avjvn Zvqvjv fvov cwZK gvbyli cwZ mnR Kivi Rb
ea KiQb| Avi A gvji wewbgq gvbyli `yB ci cqvRb
c~iY I DcKvii eev w`qQb| myZivs, mKj cmskv I Gnmvb
GK gv AvjvniB|
fvovi cKvi:
fvov Ìqv `yB cKvi:
1. Rvbv-bv wRwbmi fvov Ìqv hgb: ZvgvK GB evwowU ev
Mvwo BZvw` fvov w`jvg|
1. wbw` KvRi Dci fvov bIqv hgb: Kvb gvbylK `qvj
evbvbv ev Rwg Pvl BZvwì Rb fvov bIqv|
fvov Ìqvi kZmg~n:
fvov mwVK nIqvi Rb kZ njv:
1. Ggb ewi viv nIqv hvi KZZ ea|
2. DcKvi wK Zv Rvbv-bv nIqv| hgb : emevmi evwo ev
gvbyli wL`gZ BZvw`|
jb`b
388
fvov
3. fvovi cwigvY Rvbv-bv nIqv|

4. DcKvix ea wRwbmi Rb fvov Ìqv| hgb : evwo fvov
emevmi Rb| ZvB Kvb nvivg wRwbmi dvq`vi Rb fvov
Ìqv Pje bv| hgb : Kvb evwo ev `vKvb g` wewi Rb
fvov Ìqv| A_ev cwZZvjqi Rb No fvov Ìqv| Abyic
Kvb evwoK gwì ev wMRv evbvbv wKsev nvivg wRwbm wewi
Rb fvov Ìqv|
5. `L ev eYbv b wbw` fvovi wRwbmK Rvbv kZ| Avi Pzw
DcKvii mgwi Dci ne Zvi Kvb Aski cwZ bv| fvovi
e nvi hvM I ea DcKvix wRwbm nZ ne| Avi fvovi
wRwbm fvov`vZvi gvwjKvbvfy A_ev m fvov Ìqvi
AbygwZcv nZ ne|
fvovwUqv wRwbm Abi wbKU fvov Ìqvi weavb:
fvovwUqv wbR wbw` dvq`v MnY KiZ cvie| fvovwUqvi
Rb Zvi Abyic ev Zvi Pq Kg DcKvi nvwmjKvixK fvovKZ
e fvov Ìqv RvqR| Ze Zvi Pq ewk DcKvi nvwmjKvixK
fvov Ìqv RvqR bB; KviY GZ g~j gvwjKi wZ iqQ|
cPwjZ wRwbmi fvov cwikvai Aevmg~n:
hw` KD Kvb Pzw QvovB wegvb ev MvwoZ wKsev cvwb
RvnvR AvivnY Ki A_ev mjvB Kivi Rb `wRK Kvco `q
wKsev Kzwj fvov bq Ze Gjv cPwjZ fvovi wbqg mwVK ne|
IqvKdKZ ei fvov Ìqvi weavb:
IqvKdKZ e fvov Ìqv ea, fvov`vZv gviv Mj I Zvi
cwZwbwai wbKU Zv nvi nj ZvZ fvovi Pzw f nebv Ges
wZxq ew cwZ`vb Ask cve|
h e wew Kiv nvivg Zv fvov `qvI nvivg| wK
IqvKdKZ e, ^vaxb ew I `vm cyi gv eZxZ nZ ne|
389
jb`b
fvov
fvov KLb IqvwRe ne?

Pywi mv_ mv_B fvov Acwinvh nq co Ze Zv eywSq `qv
diR nq gqv` DIxY nIqvi ci| wK Dfq c hw` Zv wcQvbv
A_ev AvMvbv wKsev wKwZ cwikvai Dci GKgZ nq, Ze Zv
ea| kwgK Zvi KvR wbcybfve mb Kivi ci cwZ`vbi
AwaKvix nq| Zvi Nvg Kvbvi c~eB Zvi cvIbv cwikva Kiv
DwPZ nq co|
: R :
g
K
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ejb: Avwg wKqvgZ wèm wZb ewi wei evw` ne: H ew
h Avgvi bvg njd Ki AwKvi Kij| AZ:ci m Zv f
Kij| Ggb ew h Kvb ^vaxb ewK wew Ki Zvi g~j
fY Kij| Avi H ew h KvDK fvov Ki KvR Av`vq Ki
wbj A_P Zvi cvwikwgK w`j bv|1
fvov Ìqv e wew Kivi weavb:
fvovq AvQ Ggb e wew Kiv ea hgb Ni, Mvox BZvw`|
fvovwUqv Zvi gqv` kl Kivi ci Zv Zv eyS wbe|
fvovwUqv ei RvgvbZ`vixi weavb:
fvovKZ ewi Aenjv wKsev Aceenvi eZxZ Kvb e
web nj m Zvi wZc~iY w`Z eva bq| Kvb gwnjvi c
^xq ^vgxi AbygwZ eZxZ h Kvb KvR wKsev `ya cvb Kivbvi
KvR wbRK fvovq wbqvwRZ Kiv ea bq|
wkv `vb I gmwR` wbgvY BZvw`Z e`jv MnY ea|
Gev`Zi KvR Ki fvZv MnY Kivi weavb:
1
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390
fvov
Bgvg, gyqvwb I KyiAvbi wkKi c ivwq fvvi _K

fvZv MnY ea| Ze Zvì ga h ew ay Avjvni Dk Zv
Kie Zvi Rb ZvZ mIqve wbwnZ iqQ| Avi hviv ivwq
abvMvi _K fvZv MnY Kie Zv bwKi KvR mnhvwMZv wnmve
wbe cwZ`vb ev e`jv wnmve bq|
gymwjgi Rb Kvb Kvdii wbKU KvR Kivi weavb:
Kvb gymwjg ewi c Kvwdii KvR Kiv wZbwU kZ
RvqR:
1. Ggb KvR nIqv hv gymwjgi Rb Kiv ea|
2. Ggb KvR mnhvwMZv Kie bv hvi wZ gymjgvbì cwZ
eZve|
3. Ggb KvR Kie bv hvZ gymwjgi Rb jvbv iqQ|
wekl cqvRb Kvb gymwjg ew KvdiK fvov Ki wbZ
cvi hgb: gymjgvb bv cvIqv Aevq|
nvivg KvR eenviKvixì wbKU wKQy fvov `qvi weavb:
hviv nvivg KvR eenvi Ki Zvì wbKU Ni-evwo, `vKvbcvU fvov `qv ea bq| hgb: Mvb-evì nvivg hcvwZ, Dj
wdj, gbfyjbv Qwe| Ggwb fve hviv nvivg jb`b Ki
hgb:my`x evsK| G Qvov h ew `vKvbK g` Zixi
cwiYZ Kie A_ev MvqK I ewfPvixì _vKvi vb evbve wKsev
wewo-wmMviU wew, `vwo gyvbvi mjyb, Mvb I wmbvgvi AwWI,
wfwWI, wmwWi AvvLvbv evbvbvi KvR mnhvwMZv Kiv nq hv
_K Avjvn Zvqvjv wbla KiQ|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
{
:
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391
fvov
Zvgiv bK I ZvKIqvi KvR cii mnhvwMZv Ki| Avi cvc

I evovevwoi KvR cii mnhvwMZv Ki bv| Zvgiv AvjvnK
fq Ki, AekB Avjvn KwVb kvw `vZv| [m~iv gvq`v:2]
fvovi vb Lvwj Kivi wewbgq wKQy c`vb Kivi weavb:
Kvb evmv ev `vKvb Gi Pvwn`v ewk `Lv `q dj
GgZvevq fvovi gqvì wfZi fvovwUqvK fvovi g~j Acv
wKQy ewk w`q njI Zv `qv hve Ze gqv` cvi nq Mj Zv
Kiv Pjebv|
LmviZ enYg~jK kZi weab:
LmviZ enb g~jK kZ hv mPivPi gvbyli ga Pj ev`vì
AwaKvi Zv we I MnYhvM Zv gb bqv Acwinvh| Zv Pzw
mb Kivi wbwg ZvrwbK ea| GZ AivRKZv I LjZvgkvi
c_ e Kivi eev iqQ| kiqx IRi bv _vKv ch Zvi
AcwinvhZv ejeZ _vKe, Ze Zv cvIqv Mj AcwinvhZv ev`
co hve| kZ hw` mPivPi cPwjZ wbqgi AvjvK ewk
weewPZ nq Ze wePvicwZi K_v Abyhvqx wZ I jvf wejywi
nvi bvq I Bbmvdi cwZ wdi hZ ne| D`vniY hgb: GK
ew AciRbi mv_ GK j gy`vi wewbgq GK ermi Kvb
wews Zix Ki `qvi Pzw Kij Ges mv_ GI ej ivLj h,
hw` GK ermi _K gqv` `xN nq Ze cZK gvm GK nvRvi
(diZ) w`Z ne, dj `Lv Mj h, Pvi gvm ìx nj Zvnj
Nii gvwjKK Pvi nvRvi UvKvB w`Z ne|
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392
weRqxK cyiZKiY
15- cwZhvwMZvq weRqxK cyiZKiY

cwZhvwMZv:
Abi AvM Awf j cuQvi bvg cwZhvwMZv| G aibi
cwZhvwMZv ea| Avevi KLbv wbqZ I Dk Abyhvqx gyvnveI
eU| weRqxi cwikgi wewbgq ÌqvK mvevK& ej|
cwZhvwMZv wewa-weavb nIqvi Zvrch:
cwZhvwMZv I KzwwMix nQ Bmjvgi mv`hi ga nZ
`ywU ea KvR| GZ iqQ mvgwiK KjvKkji Dci KgjZv I
cwkY, AvgY I cjvqb, kixiPPv, ah I mvnwmKZv Ges
Avjvni c_ wRnvì Dk A cZ I kixiK cZ Kivi G
myì Uwbs- Gi eev|
cwZhvwMZvi cKvi:
cwZhvwMZv òi gvag nZ cvi, Zxi wKsev A Qyovi
gvag nZ cvi Ges Nvov I DUi gvagI Zv nZ cvi|
cwZhvwMZv we nIqvi kZvejx:
1. evnb A_ev A GKB cKwZi nIqv|
2. `~iZ I Qyo gvivi vb wbaviY|
3. cyivi ea I cwiwPZ nIqv|
4. evnb wKsev wbcKvixì wbw`KiY|
KzwwMix I gywhyi weavb:
1. KzwwMix I mvZvi KvUvmn kixiK kwkvjx Ki Ges ah I
mvnwmKZvi mnvqK nq Ggb h Kvb KvR ea| Gi Rb kZ nQ
Kvb Acwinvh wKsev D KvR Acv iZc~b KvR _K hb
weiZ bv ivL A_ev m KvR Kvb wbla bv _vK|
2. AvRKvj jvMvgnxb egvMvi jvZ hme gywhy I Kzwi
PwiZv_ Kiv nq Zv nvivg; KviY GZ Avkv, wZ I wekl Ai
AvIiZ cKvk cq _vK hv kwiqZ nvig|
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393
weRqxK cyiZKiY
PZz` Ri ga DRbv mw I jwjq w`q jovB Kivbv

nvivg| hgb: gviM I luvo BZvw` jovB| Abyic Kvb
cK Zxi Qyo gvivi jeZ cwiYZ KivI nvivg|
cwZhvwMZvq e`jv bIqvi weavb:
e`j wbq cwZhvwMZv DU, Nvov I Zxi wbc Qvov Ab
wKQyZ ea bq; Kbbv bex [`:] ejQb|
> ) u
0 B ! J Z
.lY9-E 7 7 a> d-O>.- B F > tO
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kwiqZ mZ bv|1
cZwhvwMZvq e`jv MnY wZbwU Aev:
1. e`jv mnKvi hv ea| Bnv nQ DU, Nvov I Zxi wbci
cwZhvwMZv|
2. e`jv wKsev e`jv Qvov Kvb fveB ea bq hgb: cvkv Ljv,
`vev Ljv wKsev Ryqv Ljv BZvw`|
3. e`jv Qvov ea wK e`jvmn Aea| Avi BnvB njv Avmj I
ewkifvM cwZhvwMZv| hgb: ò cwZhvwMZv, bKv evBP
wKsev KzwwMix| G me Awbw` I bvg NvlYv Qvov cyivi ev
e`jv c`vb Kiv RvqR|
Ryqv ej: Ggb cwZwU A_bwZK jb`b hv webvK ARb ev
jvKmvb nvwmj nq|
Ryqv I evwR Ljvi weavb:
Ryqv, evwR I cvkv Ljv nvivg|
1. Avjvn Zvqvjv digvb:
z P M L K J I H G F E D{
:
AekB g`, Ryqv, g~wZ I jUvixi Zxi Acwe hv kqZvbi

KvR| [m~iv gvq`v: 90]
1
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394
jb`b
weRqxK cyiZKiY

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m hb Zvi nvZK k~Kii gvsm I i iwZ Kij|1
dzUej Ljvi weab:
dzUej Ljv ea welqmg~ni Afy| hw` dzUej Ljv Kvb
diR ZvM A_ev diR Av`vq KiZ ìx wKsev Kvb cvc cwZZ
nIqv ev Kvb wZ eq Avb wKsev KjvY evav nq, Zvnj Bnv
mB evwZj Ljvi Afy ne hv Avjvni iY I mvjvZ _K
weiZ ivL| ZLb G Ljv nvivg ne; KviY kwiqZ wZKi
wRwbmK `~iKiY KjvY eq Avb Ggb wRwbmi c~e Kiv
GKvfve Riwi| ZvB hv nvivg ch cuQvB Zv nvivg|
Avi gymwjgi Rb Dg njv m hb Zvi mgqi ndvRZ
Ki| ZvB m wbRi, Avjvni mwi, ZvìK `vIqvZ, kwiqZ
wkvq, RxweKv DcvRb BZvw` `ywbqv I xbi DcKvix KvR mgq
eq Kie| G Qvov Zvi wKQy mgq gbi cdzjZv I Avbì Rb
wbhy Kie|
:'
z {
Avcwb ejyb: Avgvi mvjvZ, Avgvi Kzievwb Ges Avgvi Rxeb I

giY wek-cwZcvjK AvjvniB RbB| [m~iv Avbqvg:162]
{
:,3
z
jb`b
395
weRqxK cyiZKiY
h welq Zvgvi Kvb vb bB, m evcvb Kvb K_v ej bv|

wbq Kvb, Pz I Ai Gì cZKwUB wRvwmZ ne|
[m~iv ewb BmivCj: 36]
evwYwRK evRvi _K Dcnvi MnY Kivi weavb:
evRvi hme Dcnvi I cyivi `qv nq eo AsKi cbi
Dci wKsev kwK, evwYwRK I kixiPPvi gjvi cwZhvwMZvq
A_ev cvYxi wPvb I Qwe MnY, dvkb I wek myìx BZvw`|
cwZhvwMZvq Ggb me cyivi `qv nq hv Avjvn KZK nvivg
KvR cwZZ Ki| Gme RvwZi weeKK wbq Zvgvkv Kivi
bvgvi Ges Zvi m` evwZj cvq fY Kiv, mgq b Kiv, xb
I Pwi aesm Kiv| Avi mevcwi ZvK h Dk mw Kiv
nqQ Zv _K weiZ ivLv nq| ZvB gymwjg ewi c Gme
KvR _K mZK _vKv Riwi|
jb`b
396
eenvii Rb e `vb
16eenvii Rb e `vb
Av-wiqv Z_v e `vb: GwU nQ Kvb e hv _K DcKvi
MnYi ci g~j e Aewk _vK Ges Kvb e`jv QvovB Zv
diZ `qv nq|
Bnv ceZbi Zvrch:
KLbv Kvb ew Kvb e eenvii gyLvcx nq wK Zvi
m e q Kiv wKsev fvov Kivi mvg_ _vK bv| cvi Aci
c `vb LqivZI Ki bv| GgZvevq Bmjvg G aibi eev
ceZb KiQ, hb gyLvcx ew DcKZ nZ cvi Ges `vbKvix
ew g~j e Aewk iL ay eenvii myweav w`qB cwZ`vb I
mIqvi cq hvq|
eenvh e `vbi weavb:
eenvh e `qv wcwZKi mybZ, KviY GZ iqQ AbyMn,
cqvRb wgUvbvi eev Ges mgwcwZ I fvjvevmv ARbi Dcvq|
Bnv `vb e eySvbvi Rb h Kvb K_v ev KvR viv msNwUZ nZ
cvi|
eenvh e `vbi kZ:
ewUi AwZ envj _vKv Aevq Zv _K DcKZ nIqvi
DchvMx nIqv| G Qvov DcKZ nIqvi KvR ea nIqv Ges Zvi
nviKvixK hvMZv I gvwjKvbvi AwaKvix nIqv|
hv `vb Kiv ea:
cZK ea myweav ARb Kiv hvq eZ D `vb Pje|
hgb: Ni, evnb, Mvwo I hcvwZ BZvw`|
hv `vb Kiv Aea:
Avjvni AevaZvi KvR e `vb Kiv nvivg| hgb : gì
cvb cv I cwZZvjq BZvw`|
`vbKZ e ndvRZKiY:
e MnYKvixi cwZ Zvi ndRZ Kiv I wUgy Aevq gvwjKi
jb`b
397
eenvii Rb e `vb
wbKU diZ `qv IqvwRe| e MnYKvix Ab KvDK Zv gvwjKi

AbygwZ Qvov w`Z cvie bv|
`vbKZ ei RvgvbZ`vix:
e MnYKvixi nvZ Av-wiqv b nj wZc~iY ZvKB w`Z
ne, PvB Aenjv KiK ev bv KiK| KviY h wRwbm nvZ viv
MnY Kiv nq Zv ZviB wRvq _vK hZY bv Zv Av`vq Ki|
wK hw` `vZv gvd Ki `q Ze wZc~iYi `vwqZ enb KiZ
ne bv|
1. Avjvni evYx:
I
.[/ ])"H
wbqB Avjvn Zvgvw`MK wb`k `b h, Zvgiv hb cvc

AvgvbZmg~n cvcKì wbKU cuQ `vI| Avi hLb Zvgiv
gvbyli Kvb wePvi-gxgvsmv KiZ Avi Ki, ZLb gxgvsmv Ki
bvqwfwK| Avjvn Zvgvw`MK m`yc`k `vb Kib| wbqB
Avjvn keYKvix, `kbKvix| [m~iv wbmv:58]
@ N +B = 6
EA> # ! : `
W D a = : ` K= ; %

$V %= > $V 0a'
9 $V %= > f`
W a = % :,
( PD B : e;
ww e= 7
ww
.7 7a> d-O>
.:V 79 )( : c:V 7 9
2. Bqvjv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn [] AvgvK

ejb:hLb Zvgvi wbKU Avgvi `~Ziv Avme ZLb ZvìK
30wU eg Ges 30wU DU è| Avwg ejjvg, n Avjvni im~j!
mjvwK diZhvM bv AdiZhvM? wZwb [] ejjb:
diZhvM|1
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jb`b
398
eenvii Rb e `vb
`vbKZ ei Pzwi mgq-mxgv kl nIqv:

`vbKZ ei Pzwi mgq-mxgv kl ne:
1. `vbKZ e MnYKvix Zv diZ w`j|
2. `yRbi Kvb GKRb gviv Mj ev cvMj nj|
3. `Dwjqvi KviY `vbKvixi cwZ evavwbla Avivc nj|
4. Kvb GKRbi cwZ wbeva nIqvi KviY evavwbla Avivc
nj|
399
jb`b
Rei`Lj
17Rei`Lj
Rei`Lj:
Abi vei-Avei mì Dci Rvic~eK AbwaKvi PPv
Ki `Lj KivK Rei`Lj ej|
Ryjygi cKvi:
Ryjyg megvU wZb cKvi:
c_g: Ggb Ryjyg hv Avjvn Zvqvjv Qvob bv|
wZxq: Ggb Ryjyg hv Avjvn gv Kib|
ZZxq: Ggb Ryjyg hv gv Kib bv| h RyjygK Avjvn gv Kib
bv Zv nQ wkiK| Bnv Avjvn KLbv gv Kib bv| Avi h
Ryjyg gv Kiv nq Zv nQ Avjvn I ev`vi gvS ev`v KZK hv
msNwUZ nq _vK| Avi h RyjygK Avjvn Qvob bv Zv nQ
ev`vì ga cviwiK hv NU _vK| Avjvn Zvqvjv GKRb
_K Aci Rbi cwZkva Av`vq Kieb|
Rei`Lji weavb:
Rei`Lj Kiv nvivg| Kviv c Abi AmwZ Zvi h
Kvb wRwbm AvqZ Kiv Aea|
v u t s r q p o n m l k{
:
z | { z y x w
Zvgiv cii evwZj cvq m` fY Kiv bv| Avi GwU wbq

wePviKì mgxc DcwZ nqv bv, hvZ Rb eyS Abvqfve
Acii wKQy m` fY KiZ cvi| [m~iv evKviv:188]
R
a= ,
;' : K= &%5
& ;

k R
R9 $ R9P ( 3 a R% D aN % 0T B x'( D j
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400
Rei`Lj
2. mvqx` Beb Rvq` (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avwg

im~jyjvn [`:]K ejZ bwQ wZwb ejb: h ew Ryjyg Ki
Rwgbi GK weNZ Rei`Lj Kie Avjvn Zvqvjv wKqvgZi w`b
mvZ ZeK Rwgb Zvi Mjvq ewo civeb|1
Rei`Lj RwgZ h wKQy Kie Zvi weavb:
1. Kvb Rwg Rei`Lj Ki KD ZvZ wKQy ivcY wKsev wbgvY
Kij Zv AcmviY Kiv Riwi| Avi gvwjK PvBj Zvi
wZc~iYmn mgvb Kivi KvR mb KiZ ne| Ze DfqRb
g~ji Dci GKgZ nj ea ne|
2. Rei`LjKvix RwgZ Pvl Kivi ci dmj Zzj Rwg diZ
w`j dmj ZviB _vKe| wK Rwgi gvwjKK fvov w`q w`Z
ne| Avi dmj ZvZ we`gvb _vKj gvwjKK `ywU mgvavbi
ga ^vaxbZv `qv ne; dmj Zzjv ch mggvbi fvovi wfwZ
Zv _vKZ wè A_ev LiPi fvi enb Ki wbR Zv wbq wbe|
Rei`LjKZ diZ `qvi weavb:
Rei`LjKvix eY wZM njI `LjKZ gvwjKK
diZ w`Z ne; Kbbv Zv Abi AwaKvi dj ZvK Zv diZ
w`ZB ne| Avi hw` GwU viv eemv Ki _vK Ze Gi jvf
Dfqi gvS eb ne| Avi Rei`LjKZ ei Dci fvov
AvmZ _vKj Rei`LjKvix `LjKZ ei mv_ mv_ Zvi nvZ
_vKvi gqv` AbycvZ fvovI eywSq wè|
Rei`LjKZ e cwieZ nj Zvi weavb:
wQbZvBKvix wQbZvBKZ e viv wKQy eyb _vKj, Kvco QvU
Ki _vKj wKsev KvV viv wKQy Zix Kij Zv gvwjKK diZ
w`Z ne| GgbwK wZc~iYmn w`Z ne Ges G _K
AcniYKvix wKQyB cve bv|
jb`b
401
Rei`Lj
Rei`LjKZ e Ab ei mv_ wgk Mj Zvi weavb:

AcniYKvix hw` niYKZ eK Ggb ei mv_ wgwkq
dj hv c_K Kiv me bq hgb: Zj wKsev PvjK Zvi gZ
Zj ev Pvji mv_ wgkvbv| GgZvevq g~j Kg-ekx bv nj
Dfq hvi hvi cwigvY gZ kwiK weewPZ ne| Avi Kg nj
niYKvix Zv enY Kie Avi ewk nj hvi Aski g~j ewk ne
m Zv cve|
Rei`LjKZ e b nq Mj Zvi weavb:
AcniYKZ e web wKsev `vlhy nj hw` Zv Kvb ei
mgZzj nq _vK, Ze H mgZzj e viv wZc~iY w`Z ne|
cvi hw` Zv G aiYi bv nq, Ze mgZzj e jvf Kiv
Ame nIqvi ci g~j cwikva Kiv eZve|
Rei`LjKvixi Kvhvwì weavb:
AcniYKvixi hZ KvR hgb: weevn, eemv wKsev nR hvB
nvK bv Kb gvwjKi AbygwZi Dci wfwkxj, hw` m AbygwZ
`q Ze Zv Pje bPr bq|
AcniYi evcvi Kvi K_v MnYhvM:
web nq hvIqv ei gyj, cwigvY I ewki kc_ mnKvi
AcniYKvixi K_vB MnYhvM hZY ch gvwjKi c Kvb
mv _vKe bv| cvi Zv diZ Ìqv I `vlgy nIqvZ
gvwjKi K_vB P~ov ne hZY bv Kvb mv (Gi wecixZ)
cvIqv hve|
Abi gvwjKvbv web Kij Zvi weavb:
1. hw` KD Kvb wci-LuvPv, ìRv, XvKbv, eb wKsev wMiv
Lyj `q hvi dj wfZii e Pj hvq, Ze m `vwqZkxj
nvK Avi bvB nvK wZc~iY wè; Kbbv mB Acii e
nvwiqQ|
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402
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2. h ew Kvb cvMj KzKzi ev wmsn wKsev bKo evN A_ev

AvnZKvix cvwL BZvw` cyl| Avi Zv Qo ivLvi dj Kviv
Kvb wZ nj, gvwjKK Zvi RvgvbZ w`Z ne|
PZz` R wKQy web Kij Zvi weavb:
PZz` R ivZi ejvq dmj RvZxq wKQy web Kij
gvwjK `vwq ne| Kbbv ivZi ejv GjvK ndvRZi `vwqZ
Zvi| cvi w`bi ejvq GKvR NUj m `vqx ne bv| Kbbv
D mgq cvnvivi `vwqZ dmji gvwjKi| wK ci gvwjK hw`
Zvi `vwqZ cvjb Aenjv Ki, Ze m wZc~iYi `vqfvi MnY
Kie|
Rei`LjKZ e diZ `qvi weavb:
1. hw` KD niYKZ e diZ w`Z Pvq wK gvwjKK bv cvq
Zvnj Zv mywePviK wePvicwZi nvZ Rgv w`q wè| Avi hw`
mywePiK bv cvq Zvnj Zvi c _K `vb Kie Ges ciewZZ
gvwjK (cvIqv Mj) Rvbvbvi ci gb bv wbj wZc~iY wè|
2. hLb niYKvixi wbKU niYKZ e, PzwiKZ gvj, AvgvbZ,
MwQZ m` wKsev eKxKZ BZvw` wKQy Rgv _vKe| Avi Zvi
gvwjKK Rvbv bv hve, ZLb m Zv `vb KiZ cvie| A_ev
gymjgvbì mvaviY ^v_ Zv eq Kie, dj Zvi `vwqZ Av`vq
nq hve|
nvivg Dcvq DcvRxZ mì weavb:
h ew nvivg m` DcvRb Kij hgb : gì g~j
AZ:ci ZIev Kij, G Aevq m hw` nvivg mK AvM nZ
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kwiKvbv Ask q I mycvwik
18- kwiKvbv Ask q I mycvwik

kwiKvbv Ask q:
Kvb Askx`vi ^xq Ask Ab Kviv wbKU wew Kij, Aci
Askx`vi Dnv wewZ g~j Zvi wbKU _K wdwiq bIqvK
kwiKvbv Ask q ej|
kwiKvbv Ask q wewae nIqvi Zvrch:
GwU GRb wewae Kiv nqQ h, c_gZ: m nQ Bmjvgi
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q Kij Zvi mv_ gbgvwjb mw Ges cwZekx K cvq|
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kwiKvbv Ask qi weavb:
kwiKvbv Ask q cZK H Rwg, Ni wKsev `qvji
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Qj-PvZzwi Aej^b Kiv nvivg; Kbbv GwU Zv wewae KivB
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q-weqi K_v Askx`vi RvbZ cvi| `wi Kij Zvi mB
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mg ne ZLb Zvi AwaKvi cvIqvi nK`vi ne| wK Zvi `vexi
Dci mvx DcwZ Kiv me nj GgZvevq mvx DcwZ bv
Kij Zvi kwiKvbv Ask q Kivi AwaKvi evwZj nq hve|
2. Askx`vi gviv Mj Zvi DivwaKvixì Rb kwiKvbv Ask
qi AwaKvi mve ne| Ze Askx`vi wewZ c~Y g~j w`q
MnY Kie hw` wKQy g~j w`Z AcviM nq Ze Ask bqv _K
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mycvwiki cKvi:
mycvwik `yB cKvi:
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Ki| hgb: wZ cwZiva Kiv A_ev Kvb AwaKvify welq
DcKvi mvab A_ev gvRjyg ewi Dci _K Ryjyg `~iKiY|
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AwaKvix|
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jb`b
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H ewi Dci AvgvbZ MnY Kiv gyvnve h Rvbe h, m Zv
ndvRZ KiZ mg; Kbbv GZ cyY I ZvKIqvi KvR
mnhvwMZv nq| GZ Aviv iqQ gnvcwZ`vb Ze Zv Ggb
ewi KvR ne hvi c G aiYi evcvi Rovbv ea|
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1. Kvbic mxgvjNb wKsev Aenjv QvovB AvgvbZ web nj Zv
MnYKvix `vqM ne bv| Ze GK Zvi mgchvqi ei
msiY Dchy vb msiwZ ivLZ ne|
2. AvgvbZ MnYKvix mdiKvj Kvb cKvi fq Kij gvwjK
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jb`b
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Ri myweav eZxZ Ab Kvb KviY ZvK AvivnY evwbq
dj, A_ev MwQZ UvKv-cqmv ARv Ab UvKvi mv_
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MnYKvix wZc~iY wè|
4. AvgbZ MnYKvix AvgvbZ`vi, ZvB m Rvwgb`vi ne bv| wK
hw` m Kvb cKvi mxgvjNb Ki ev Aenjv c`kb Ki
Zvnj RvgvbZ w`Z ne| AvgbZ diZ I web Ges m
Kvb cKvi Aenjv Kiwb Gme evcvi hw` mvx bv _vK
Zvnj AvgvbZ MnYKvixi K_v kc_ mnKvi Keyj Kiv ne|
AvgvbZ diZ Ìqvi weavb:
1. AvgvbZKZ e gvj nvK ev Ab wKQy Zv AvgvbZ MnYKvixi
wbKU AvgvZ| Zvi gvwjK PvBj Zv diZ Ìqv IqvwRe| hw`
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2. hw` GKvwaK AvgvbZ`vZvì Kvb GKRb Zvi Ask Pvq hv
gvc A_ev IRb wKsev msLv wewk wRwbm fvM Kiv hvq, Zvnj
Zvi Ask ZvK w`Z ne|
evsK A_ AvgvbZ ivLvi weavb:
evsK ivLv A_ FY AvgbZ bq; KviY evsK GZ eemv viv
nidi Ki| Avi AvgvbZ ndvRZ Kivi wRwbm nidi Kivi
wRwbm bq| ZvB Kvb mxgvjNb I Aenjv Qvov evsK cyo Mj
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410
AvgvbZ
evsKK FYi RvgvbZ w`Z ne| wK AvgvbZi RvgvbZ bB;

KviY AvgbZ ivKvix AvgvbZ`vi m m` Kv KiQ gvwjKi
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Aenjv Qvov ZvK RvgvbZ w`Z ne bv| Avi FYMnxZv mì
gvwjKi AbygwZg Zvi dvq`vi Rb FYMnY KiQ| ZvB
mì gvwjKK FYi RvgvbZ w`Z ne|
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411
Abvev`x Rwg Pvl
20- Abvev`x Rwg Pvl

Abvev`x Rwg:
H RwgK ej hvi Kvb gvwjK bB| h Rwg wekl Kvb
KvRi Rb wbw` I Kvb gvm~gi gvwjKvbv _K gy| wekl
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PviYf~wg, Rb mvaviYi Rb hgb: evMvb I Keivb| Avi
gvm~gi gvwjKv A_vrhv gvbyli gvwjKvbvfy| ewb Av`gi
gvm~g nQ PviRb: gymwjg I Pzw Ave, whx I wbivcvavix
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Kiv RvqR bB|
Abvev`x Rwgi Avev` wewae nIqvi Zvrch:
Abvev`x Rwg Avev` RxweKvi cwiwa ck nIqvi eev
iqQ| mB mv_ Gi Lv`RvZ I Abvb Drcb _K gymwjg
wgjvZ DcKZ nq| Aviv DcKZ nq mB RvKvZ _K hv
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im~jyjvn [`:] ejQb:h Kvb gymwjg ew Kvb MvQ jvMvq
wKsev wKQy Pvl Ki| AZ:ci Zvi Drcb _K Kvb cvwL, gvbyl
wKsev PZz` R wKQy fY Ki, Gi wewbgq Bnv Zvi Rb
mv`Kvq cwiYZ nq|1
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jb`b
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Abvev`x Rwg Pvl
Abvev`x Rwg Pvli weavb:

h ew Kviv gvwjKvbvwab bq Ggb Rwg Avev` Ki Zv ZviB
nq hvq| PvB m gymwjg nvK wKsev wRw (Kvdi) nvK, ZvZ
ivbvqKi AbygwZ _vK Avi bvB _vK| PvB Zv Bmjvgx iv nvK
ev bvB nvK, hZY bv GwU gymwjg mgvRi mvaviY Kvb ^v_i
m mgc bv nq| hgb: Keivb, KvV KvUvi vb I nvivg
kixd Ges AvivdvZ BZvw` RvqMvi Abvev`x Rwg Z_v Gme Rwg
Avev` KijB KD Zvi gvwjK nq hvq bv|
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ejQb:KD Kviv gvwjKvbvwab bq Ggb Rwg Avev` Kij mB
Zvi AwaK nK`vi| 1
Abvev` Rwg Avevì cwZ:
Rwg Avev` wbv cwZZ nZ cvi: wPivPwiZ Afvm
wnmve `yf` cvPxi Zix Kiv wKsev cvwb cevwnZ Kiv A_ev
ZvZ Kzc Lbb Kiv wKsev e ivcY Kiv| gvU K_v G welq
mvgvwRK cPjbi wfwZ mgvavb wbZ ne| dj mgvRi jvK
h KvRK Avev` ej weePbv Kie Zv vivB KD Abvev` Rwgi
gvwjK ej MY ne| AZGe, h ew kiqx weavb gvZveK Rwg
Avev` Kie m Zvi gaKvi QvU eo mewKQy mn c~Y Rwgi gvwjK
ne| Ze hw` m Zv mvgjvZ bv cvi Zv nj ivbvqK Zv wbR
`vwqZ evRqv Ki mvgjvZ mg Ggb ewK eywSq wèb|
wbKUZg Rwgi gvwjK nIqvi wbqg:
kni I ZrcvkeZx GjvKvi Rwg ivbvqKi AbygwZ Qvov
KD Gi gvwjK nZ cvie bv| Kbbv KLbv gymwjg mgvR
1. eyLvix nv`xm bs 2335
jb`b
413
Abvev`x Rwg Pvl
Keivb, gmwR` wKsev zj-gvìvmv BZvw` cwZvi cqvRbxqZv

Abyfe KiZ cvi| hvi dj ew gvwjKvbv memvaviYi GB
myweav web Ki wè|
h Abvev`x Rwgi cvwb gvwjKvbvfy RwgZ Movq Zv D
Rwgi Af
y , dj Rwgi gvwjKì AbygwZ Qvov Zv Avev`
Kiv wKsev Abì KZK GK `Lj Kiv ea bq|
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ivca vbi Rb GwU ea h, wZwb Abvev`x RwgZ
Avev`Kvixi Rb `Lj`vix w`Z cvib| Ggwbfve jvKRbi K
bv nq mB AbycvZ ckc_ q-weqi Rb emvi eè
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Ze jUvix Kie| Avi jvKRb hLb ivv-NvU wbq gZvbK
Kie ZLb (ivvi Rb) mvZ nvZ iL `qv ne|
Rwg `Lj bqvi weavb:
`Lj bqvi bvgB gvwjKvbv bq eis Zv Kej wbw` I Abi
Dci AMvwaKvi eySvq| hgb: A`yf` cvPxi viv Kvb Rwg eb
Kiv A_ev bU ev MZ wKsev gvwU viv ewb Zix Kiv A_ev
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Zv Avevì Rb mgq wbaviY Ki wè hw` (Gi wfZi) kiqx
wbqg Zv Avev` Kiv nq Ze fvj K_v| Avi bv nq Zvi nvZ _K
mwiq wbq Zv Avev` AvMnx Kvb ewi wbKU nvi Kie|
h ew ea cvwbi wbKU Aevb Ki hgb: b`x wKsev
DcZKv Zvi Rb cvwb mP I wMiv ch cvwb AvUK ivLv
ea| AZ:ci Zvì ci hviv iqQ Zvì Rb Zv Qo
è|
mxgv wbaviY Kivi weavb:
ivca vbi Rb Ggb GKwU wekl Gwiqv _vKv ea hLvb
gymwjgì evqZzj gvji PZz` R I Nvov wePiY Kie|
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414
Abvev`x Rwg Pvl
hgb hyi Nvov I mv`Kvi DU BZvw`| Gi kZ njv h, gymwjg

mgvR Gi KviY hb Kvb Amyweavq bv co|
h Kvb ea e ch AvM cuQ wMq Zv `Lj Ki djj
Zv ZviB| hgb: wkKvi, QvDwb I KvV BZvw`|
gymjgvbiv wZbwU welq Askx`vi h_v: cvwb, Nvm I Avb|
gymwjg RbmvaviYi cqvRb Qvov Ab Kvb Dk wbwl
Gwiqv wbaviY ea bq|
Abi AwaKvi Rei`Lji weavb:
gymwjg ewi Dci Abi AwaKvi PvB Zv m` wKsev f~wg
nvK Zvi Rei`Lj nvivg|
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1. Avqkv (ivwhAvjv Avbnv) ejb: bex [] ejQb: h ew

Kviv Rwgi GK weNZ Rei`Lj Kie (wKqvgZi w`b) Zvi
Nvo mvZ ZeK Rwgbi evSv Pvcvbv ne|1
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ejQb:h ew Kvb Rwg Rei`Lj Kie wKqvgZ wèm ZvK
Gi e`j mvZ ZeK Rwg ch awmq `qv ne|2
1. eyLvix v`xm bs 2453 kjv ZviB , gymwjg nv`xm bs 1612

2. eyLvix nv`xm bs 2454
jb`b
415
cyiZ Kiv
21- cyiZ Kiv

cyiZKiY:
Kvb Rvbv ev ARvbv ea KvRi Dci mywbw` cyivi c`vb
Kiv| hgb: Kvb cvPxi Zix Kiv wKsev nvivbv cK ai Avbv
Kiv BZvw`|
cyiZ Kivi weavb: GwU ea; Kbbv gvbyl Zvi gyLvcx|
cyiZ Kivi cwZ:
KD eje: h ew Avgvi Rb GB `qvj Zix Kie A_ev
GB Kvco kjvB Kie wKsev GB Nvov ai wè Zvi Rb
GB e cyivi wnmve _vKe| AZGe, h Zv Kie m
cyivii fvMx ne|
cyivi evwZj Kivi weavb:
cyivi evwZj Kiv ea AvQ; hw` KvR mv`bKvix wbRB Zv
evwZj Ki Ze m wKQyB cve bv| Avi cyivi NvlYvKvix evwZj
Kij GgZvevq KvR i Kivi c~e Zv evwZj Kij Kvh
mv`bKvix wKQyB cve bv| Ze KvR i Kivi ci Zv evwZj
NvlYv Kij Zvi KvRi e`jv cvIbv _vKe|
DcKviKvixi weavb:
1. h ew cyivi NvlYv QvovB Kvb nvivbv ev Kyovbv BZvw`
e gvwjKK diZ wè m Kvbic e`jv cve bv| wK h_v
me ZvK wKQz Ìqv gyvnve-Dg|
2. h ew Abi m` asm _K euvwPq Zvi gvwjKi wbKU
nvi Ki, m Abyic KvRi cvwikwgK jvfi nK`vi ne,
hwÌ kZ QvovB nq bv Kb|
jb`b
416
Kzovbv e I wk
22- Kzovbv e I wk
Kzovbv e:
Ggb m` ev e hvK Zvi gvwjK nvwiq djQ Ges Ab
KD Zv Kzwoq cqQ Ggb eK Kzovbv e ej|
Kzovbv ei weavb:
e Kzovbv I Zvi NvlYv `qv Bmjvgi m`hi Afy;
KviY GZ iqQ Abi nK msiY Ges Kzwoq NvlYv `vZvi
Rb cwZ`vb|
nvivbv m` wZb cKvi:
1. h me ei evcvi gvbyli gvS wekl Kvb AvMn bB
hgb: PveyK, jvwV, iwU I dj BZvw`| Gme ei gvwjK bv
cvIqv Mj h KzwoqQ m Zvi gvwjK nq hve Ges Gi
NvlYv Acwinvh bq| Avi Dg nQ GK `vb Ki `qv|
2. Ggb me nvivbv c-cvwL hjv QvU-LvU wnsm cvwY _K
wbRK iv KiZ cvi hgb: DU, Mi, Nvov, nwiY I cvwL
BZvw`| Gjv Kzovbv Pje bv| Avi h wbe Zvi cwZ Zvi
`vq-`vwqZ AwcZ ne Ges me`v Zvi cPvi I NvlYv Kiv
Riwi ne|
3. mKj cKvi m` hgb: UvKv, mvgvb-c, evM-_wj Ges H
mKj RxeR hviv wbRìK wnsm c _K euvPvZ cvi
bv| hgb: QvMj I DUi evQv BZvw`| Gme Kzovbv GB kZ
ea iqQ h, jvf Kie bv Ges Gi NvlYv c`vb mg
ne| m Gi Dci wek `yRbK mvx ivLe| Avi Zvi XvKbv
I eb msiY Kie| AZ:ci c~Y GK ermi hver Dy
cwiek ea cPvi gvag viv Zvi cPvi Pvjve| hgb: nvU
evRvi I gmwRì cek c_ BZvw`|
jb`b
417
Kzovbv e I wk
Rvbvbvi ci Kzovbv ei weavb:

1. GK ermi hver hLb Kzovbv ei NvlYv `qvi ci gvwjK
cvIqv hve ZKY Kvb mvx kc_ QvovB ZvK Zv eywSq wè|
Avi ZvK bv cj ei XvKbv I cwiPq Rb Zvi gvwjKvbvq
GK wbq eenvi Kie| wK hLb Gi gvwjK (ci) Gm hve
ZLb ZvK Zv eywSq wè| GgbwK AvswkK wb:kl nq _vKj
Zvi mgZzj e diZ wè|
2. Kzovbv ei NvlYv `qvi eQiB hw` Zv Kvbic evovevwo
QvovB web nq hvq, Ze Kvb wZc~iY w`Z ne bv|
Kzovbv e wK Kie:
Kzovbv e hw` QvMj wKsev DUi evPv A_ev h e web
nIqvi mvebv AvQ Ggb nq, Ze AvniYKvixK gvwjKi Rb hv
ekx DcKvix ZvB KiZ ne| hw` Lq bqvi hvM nq Ze
Lq wbe ZLb ZvK Zvi g~j w`Z ne| Avi hw` wew Kiv
Dg nq Zv wew Ki Zvi g~j msiY Kie| Avi hw` msiY
Kiv fvj nq, Ze cPvi Kivi mgq ch ndvRZ Kie| Avi Gi
Rb hv LiPvw` Kie Zv gvwjKi Dci eZve|
$ N P

D a= ) q : @ /
( &. O
& %5

p
- ; A ( T B $e @B( g- wD @
1 *\[ 8 p
- : PB
= a ( > s
* Y
R*g7+B - * &R
R9 Rx9a % R@h \[ d ( T B f & $e ; %7
CD E( @P( 1 E B
*\[ YRF R@; 9 T RB @ 7 @ 6
9 : PB ) T ( $ K
+ . !
: RPB : 4
+ .@M= *& /
% EF - /
4 )D 8D +( A \[ '( 7- A *\[ P
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O+ > 6
* '0T B *Y( O
Rvq` Beb Lvwj` Rynvbx (ivwhAvjv Avb) ejb: im~jyjvn

(mv:)K wRvmv Kiv nj ^Y ev ici h Kvb GKwUi Kzovbv
e mK| Reve wZwb ejb: Zzwg Zvi eb I XvKbv wPb
wbq GK ermi hver Zvi NvlYv w`Z _vKe| hw` Zvi mvb bv
jb`b
418
Kzovbv e I wk
cvI Ze Zv eq Kie Ges GK Zvgvi wbKU MwQZ m`

wnmve cwiMwYZ Kie| hw` Rxeb Kvb w`b Zvi LvuRKvix Avm
Ze ZvK Zv eywSq wè|
Avi ZuvK KD nvivbv DU mK wRvmv Kij wZwb []
ejb: ZvK w`q Zvgvi wPv wKmi? eis ZvK Avcb MwZZ
Qo `vI, Zvi mv_B Zvi RyZv I cvwb iqQ| m cvwbZ
AeZiY Ki I MvQi cvZv fY Ki cwikl ^xq gvwjKi
mv_ mvvr Ki|
Avi ZuvK QvMj mK wRvmv Kij wZwb (mv:) ejb:
Zzwg Zv MnY Ki, Kbbv GwU nq Zvgvi Rb wKsev Zvgvi
fvBqi Rb A_ev bKo evNi Rb|1
AeyS I QvU evPvi Kzovbv ei NvlYv AwffveKiv wèb|
gvi nvivg kixd co _vKv e Kzovbvi weavb:
nvivg kixd co _vKv e Kzovbv ea bq| Kej web I
nvwiq hvIqvi AvksKv _vKj Zv MnY Kie Ges gvq _vKv
ch MnYKvixK Gi NvlYv `qv Acwinvh|
Avi hLb gv Qo hvIqvi gb Kie ZLb Zv mswk
`vwqkxj wKsev Zvi mnKvix A_ev Zvi cwZwbwai wbKU nvi
Kie| gvi Kzovbv ei gvwjKvbv Kvb Aevq ea bq| wVK
h ew kl ch NvlYv wè m Qvov Ab Kviv c Zv
Kzovbv ea bq| nvwR mvneì co _vKv e nvivg kixdi
wfZi wKsev evwni h Kvb RvqMv _K Kzovbv nvivg|
gmwR` nvivbv e LuvRvi weavb:
R9 :

D a= : ` K= : - %- * >

& d S' ( T B 6
*7= )( PD ( B & /
S
' ( B $e K & 4
% ed = k '
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1. eyLvix nv`xm bs 91 I gymwjg nv`xm bs 1722 Ges kjv ZvuiB
A
jb`b
419
Kzovbv e I wk
Avey ivBiv (ivwhAvjv Avb) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn

[] ejQb: h ew KvDK gmwR` nvivbv e LuvR KiZ
be m hb ej: Avjvn hb Zvgvi wbKU Zv diZ bv `b,
Kbbv gmwR` Zv G Dk wbgvY Kiv nqwb|1
Kzovbv wk:
G nQ mB wk hvi esk Rvbv hvq bv A_ev hvi gwbeK KD
wPb bv Gfve ZvK Kvb vb dj `qv nqQ wKsev m c_
fyj wMqQ|
co _vKv wkK Kzovbvi weavb:
G aibi wK Kzovbv diR Kdvqv| Avi h ZvK Kzwoq
wbq jvjb-cvjb Kie Zvi Rb iqQ gnvcwZ`vb|
Kzovbv wki weavb:
wk hw` Bmjvgx `k cvIqv hvq Ze ZvK gymwjg ej Kzg
`qv ne| Avi hLvbB cvIqv hvK ^vaxb ej Kzg Ìqv ne;
KviY BnvB Zvi Avmj hZY Zvi wecixZ wKQz cgvwYZ bv nq|
Kzwoq cvIqv wki jvjb-cvjb:
Kzwoq cIqv wki cwZcvjbi `vq-`vwqZ whwb cveb ZviB
cwZ| hw` wZwb kwiqvZi Avvcv I AvgvbZ`vi Ges
bvqcivqY nb| Avi Zvi LiPvw` evBZzj gvj _K| Avi hw` Zvi
m wKQz cvIqv hvq Ze Zv Zvi Rb LiP KiZ ne|
Kzwoq cvIqv wki wgivQ I w`qvZi weavb:
Kzwoq cvIqv wki wgivQ I w`qvZ evBZzj gvj Rgv ne hw`
Zvi Kvb DivwaKvix bv _vK| Avi ZvK KD ^Qvq nZv
Kij Zvi Iwj neb `ki ivca vb| wZwb Kmvm I w`qvZi
gvS hUv gb Kieb wbw` Kieb|
Kvi wbKU Kzovbv wk mc` Kiv ne:
hw` Kvb cyil ev gwnjv hvi gymwjg ev Kvdi ^vgx ev x
AvQ Ggb `vwe Ki h evPvwU Zvi Zvnj ZvKB w`Z ne| Avi
1.gymwjg nv`xm bs 568
jb`b
420
Kzovbv e I wk
hw` GKvwaK ew `vwe Ki Ze hvi cgvY _vKe ZvK

AMvwaKvi w`Z ne| Avi hw` Kviv cgvY bv _vK Ze kixii
A-cZ `L Kvi mvb ejZ cvi Ggb ew hvi Rb wbw`
Kie mB cve|
jb`b
421
IqvK&d
23- IqvK&d
IqvK&d:
g~j wRwbm ai iL mIqvei Dk Zvi DcKvi dx
mvwewjjvn `vb KivK IqvK&d Kiv ej|
IqvKd wewaweavb Kivi nKgZ:
abx I mQj ew hvìK Avjvn AXj w`qQb Zviv PvB
h wewfb aiYi Bev`Zi viv cv_q ARb Ki| Avi Avjvni
bKU jvfi Rb ewk ewk Bev`Z Ki| ZvB Zvì mì
wKQy vei wRwbmi AvmjUv evwK iL Zvi DcKvi cevngvb PjZ
_vKvi Rb IqvKd Ki| hvZ Ki Zvi gZzi ci ndvRZ I
iYveY KiZ cie bv Ggb ewi wbKU Zvi nvi bv
nq| ZvB Avjvn Zvqvjv IqvKdi wewaweavb KiQb|
IqvKdi weavb:
IqvKd Kiv gyvnve| Bnv Dg `vbi GKwU hvi cwZ Avjvn
Zvqvjv DrmvwnZ KiQb| bKU jvf I mr Ges Gnmvbi GK
iZcY~ Avgj| Avi Gi DcKvwiZv AwaK I evcK|
Bnv Ggb GKwU Avgj hv gZzi ciI Gi mIqve e nq bv eis
Rvwi _vK|
#! :
a= > ` K=:- %- * >

k 1 E % ( > $. %= d $. &

9 ! $. ww
9 ! D ' k N P 0 D S0T ( L
9
.l=U d-O>.
a& % |
&. >
Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ bex [] ejQb:hLb gvbyl gi hvq

ZLb wZbwU Avgj Qvov me Avgj e nq hvq| cevngvb `vb,
DcKvix vb I mrmvb h Zvi Rb `vqv Kie|1
1
jb`b
422
IqvK&d
IqvKd mnxn nIqvi Rb kZvejx:

1. wbw` vei wRwbm IqvKd nZ ne, hvi Avmj evwK _K
DcKvi MnY Kiv hve|
2. bwKi KvR nZ ne hgb: gmwR` I mZz wbgvY Ges
AvZxq-^Rb I dwKi-wgmwKbì Rb|
3. wbw` wRwbmi w`K DjL nZ ne hgb: Ggb gmwR` ev
AgyK ew Z_v Rvq` A_ev AgyK aiYi dwKi-wgmwKbiv|
4. vqx nZ ne Kvb mgqi m wbw` I Szj ne bv| wK
hw` IqvKd `vZvi gZzi m m Ki Ze Pje|
5. Ggb ewi c _K IqvKd nIqv hvi KZZ I nvi
MnYhvM|
wK viv IqvKd AbywZ nq:
K_v viv IqvKd AbywZ nZ cvi hgb eje: IqvKd
Kijvg, AvUK Ki w`jvg, dx mvwewjjvn Ki w`jvg BZvw`|
Avevi KvR vivI nZ cvi hgb: Kvb ew gmwR` evwbq
mLvb gvbylìK bvgvR Av`vqi AbygwZ `vb| A_ev Keivb
evwbq mLvb gvbylK mgvwa Kivi AbygwZ Ìqv|
IqvKdKZ ei cwiPvjbvi wbqg:
IqvKdKvixi kZ gvZveK Rgv Kiv, AvM Kiv, ZiZxe
BZvw` Kiv IqvwRe hw` kixqZi cwicx bv nq| hw` mvaviY
fve Kvb kZ QvovB IqvKd Ki Ze Afvm I cPwjZ wiZx I
c_v Abyhvqx KiZ ne hw` kixqZi cwicx bv nq| Avi bv nq
Zviv nK`vii w`K _K mKjB mgvb|
IqvKdKZ eZ hv kZ:
IqvKdKZ ei DcKvwiZvi evcvi vqx DcKvi nIqvUv
kZ| hgb: Ni-evwo, wReR, evMvb, A, evwoi Avmeve c
BZvw`| Avi gyvnve njv IqvKd mevg I myì m` viv
nIqv|
jb`b
423
IqvK&d
IqvKdbvgv wK fve wjLZ nq:

R A+RB xK= > - U
- ' m
>: '@ K
= - '

( ! : R cR 0- 9 +( A t
C B 9 Q
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e9 s

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s
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Beb Dgvi [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Dgvi [] Lqevii wKQy
Rwg cvb| Gici wZwb bex []-Gi wbKU cq ejb, Avwg Ggb
Rwgb cqwQ hvi Pq Dg m` Avi Avwg KLbv cvqwb| ZvB
Avcwb m evcvi AvgvK wK wb`k Kib? bex [] ejjb:
hw` PvI Ze Zvi Avmj ai iL Zvi DcKviUv IqvKd KiZ
cvi| Gici Dgvi [] Zv G fve `vb Kib h, Zvi g~j evwK
_vKe ePv Pje bv| nev I DivwaKvi ne bv| Bnv dwKi,
AvZxq-^Rb, Mvjvg AvRv`, Avjvni ivvq, gngvb`vix I
gymvwdiì Rb| h Gi Awj ne m mrfve Zv _K wKQy Lj
A_ev Kvb ezK m`kvjx evbvbv Qvov LvIqvj bvnMvi ne
bv|1
IqvKdi AvnKvg:
1. hw` Kvb `ji cwZ IqvKd Ki Avi Zvì MYbv Kiv
mici nq Ze Zvì mKjK Ìqv I mgvb Kiv IqvwRe| Avi
hw` me bv nq Ze KvDK cvavb Ìqv I wKQy msLKì Dci
Ìqv RvqR|
2. hw` wbR mvbì cwZ IqvKd Ki AZ:ci wgmwKbì cwZ
Zvnj Bnv Zvi Qj-gq mvb-mwZì Rb ne hwÌ wbPi
1
jb`b
424
IqvK&d
nvK bv Kb| Qjiv gqì wY cve| hw` mvbì Kviv

eo cwievi _vK ev Afve wKsev DcvRb Ag wKsev xb`vi I
mr nq Zvnj IqvK&d viv Lvm Kij Kvb Amyweav bB|
3. hw` ej, G IqvKdwU Avgvi Qjì Rb ev AgyK ewi
Qjì Rb Ze ay QjivB cve gqiv cve bv| wK hw`
hvì cwZ IqvKd Mv nq hgb: ewb nvkg BZvw` Zvnj
cyilì mv_ gwnjvivI wgwjZ ne|
IqvKdi DcKviwZv hw` web nq hvq Zv weavb:
IqvKd GKwU Riwi AvK` Z_v Pzw hv iwnZ nq bv, ePv
hvq bv, `vb Kiv I DivwaKvi nIqv hvq bv Ges eK ivLvI Pj
bv| Lvivc nq Mj ev Ab KviY Gi DcKvi web nj A_ev
wekl Kvb cqvRb nj Zv wew Kiv RvqR ne| Avi Zvi
weq g~j Abyic KvR jvMvZ ne| hgb gmwR` hw` Zvi
dvq`v weKj nq co Ze Zv wew Ki Ab Kvb gmwRì Rb
eq KiZ ne| Avi Gi viv IqvKdi DcKvwiZv msiY ne|
Ze GZ hb Kvb cKvi wechq I Kviv Kvb wZ mvab bv
nq|
IqvKdi aiY cwieZi weavb:
cqvRb IqvKdi aiY cwieZb Kiv RvqR| hgb : NiK
`vKvb icvwiZ Kiv evMvbK Ni Kiv| Avi IqvKdi LiPvw`
Zvi DcvwRZ _KB hw` Ab wKQy _K kZ bv Ki _vK|
IqvKdi cwiPvjK:
IqvKdKvix hw` IqvKd U `Lv-bvi Rb KvDK wbw`
bv Ki Ze hvi cwZ IqvKd KiQ mB Kie hw` w`wb fve
Kiv nq| Avi hw` Kvb wefvMi Rb Kiv nq hgb : gmwRì
Rb ev Ggb ewì Rb hv MYbv Kiv me bq hgb wgmwKb
Ze `Lv-bvi `vwqZ miKvi evnv`yii Dci eZve|
jb`b
425
IqvK&d
IqvKdi mevg c_:

h IqvKd viv gymjgvbì DcKvi me mgq I vb
evcKZv jvf Kie ZvB mevg IqvKd| hgb: gmwRì Rb
IqvKd, wbx wkvi Qvì Rb IqvKd, Avjvni ivvq
gvRvwn`ì Rb IqvKd| Abyic AvZxq-^Rb I gymjgvbì
dwKi-wgmwKb I `yej BZvwì Rb IqvKd|
IqvKd GKwU vqx g~j wRwbm hv Abi wbKU Ìqv RvqR|
m Zvi wbw` jf Ask viv IqvKd mwi cwiPPv Kie|
IqvKdi RvKvZi weavb:
IqvKdi `ywU Aev:
c_g Aev: IqvKd hw` Ggb ewiì Rb nq hviv RvKvZi
nK`vi hgb: dwKi I wgmwKb, Zvnj Gi Kvb RvKvZ ei Kiv
jvMe bv|
wZxq Aev: IqvKd hw` Ggb ewì Rb nq hviv RvKvZi
nK`vb bq, Zvnj IqvKd _K cZK MnYKvix Zvi nK
bIqvi ci bmve cwigvY gvj nj I GK eQi AwZevwnZ nj
RvKvZ è|
Kvdii IqvKdi weavb:
IqvKd GKwU bKU jvfi KvR hvi viv ev`v Avjvni
bKUjvf Ki| Avi Kvb Kvdii c _K IqvKd cK Kiv
mwVK ne| wK m Zvi `vb-LqivZi Rb `ywbqvZ cwZ`vb cve
AvLivZ Zvi Kvb mIqve cve bv; KviY Kvdii Kvb Avgj
Keyj nq bv|
$e S
F x9 9 }( % ! : `
W D a = : ` K= Q
0>

) ' 9 L
S
2
; N( B - B C( 9> : - O ( B @ b/
% 0M& B @ N; %
.R@ bR/% $V S
F
CD A : - O ( ! B( > # ! EF 0M& B @
.S9 d-O>
jb`b
426
IqvK&d
Avbvm [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn [] ejQb:wbq

Avjvn Kvb gywgbK Zvi bwKi KvR Ryjyg Kib bv| ZvK Zvi
e`jv `ywbqvZ Ìqv ne Ges AvLivZI Zvi cwZ`vb Ìqv
ne| Avi Kvdi h KvR Avjvni Rb Ki `ywbqvZ m Zvi dj
fY Kie| Avi hLb m AvLivZ cuQe ZLb Zvi fvj
KvRi Kvb cwZ`vb cve bv|1
jb`b
427
nev I `vbLqivZ
24- nev I `vb-LqivZ

m` viv AbK mnhvwMZv Kivi wZbwU i:
1. Afvex ewK Zvgvi `vmi vb gb Ki Ggb wKQy Ìqv
hvZ Ki ZvK gvbyli wbKU PvBZ bv nq| Bnv nQ mePq
wbi|
2. AfvexK Zvgvi wbRi ii gb Kiv Ges m Zvgvi m`
kwiK I GZ Zzwg m| Bnv njv gag i|
3. AfveMK Zvgiv wbRi Dci cvavb Ìqv| Bnv nQ
mevP I wmwKxb Z_v mZev`xì i|
nev:
wbRi Rxekvq Kvb e`jv QvovB AbK mì gvwjK
evbvbv| G A_ ZvK nvw`qv I AvwZqv (`vb) ej|
`vb-LqivZ:
Avjvni wbKU mIqvei Avkvq dwKi I wgmwKbìK m`
`vb KivK m`Kv Z_v `vb-LqivZ ej|
nev I `vb-LqivZi weavb:
nev I `vb-LqivZ Kiv gyvnve KvR| Bmjvg nev, `vbLqivZ, nvw`qv I AvwZqv Kivi cwZ DrmvwnZ KiQ; KviY Gi
viv Rb bB Aii fvjvevmv Ges gvbyli gvSi fvjevmvi
mZz eb k nq| Avi AvZvK KcYZv I jvf jvjmvi Lvivwc
_K cwe Ki| G Qvov h Avjvni mwi Dk Kie Zvi
Rb AMwYZ mIqve I cwZ`vb iqQ|
LiPi evcvi bex [
]-Gi w`K wb`kbv:
Avjvn Zvqvjv `vbkxj I gnvr| wZwb `vbjxkZv I
gnvbyfeZvK fvjvevmb| Avi bex [] wQjb mePq `vbkxj
ew| wZwb igRvb gvm AwaK `vbkxj nZb| wZwb nvw`qv MnY
KiZb Ges Gi cwZ`vb w`Zb I Zv MnY Kivi Rb ejZb|
wZwb G evcvi DrmvwnZ KiZb| wZwb hv wKQyi gvwjK nZb Zv
jb`b
428
nev I `vbLqivZ
mevi Pq ewk `vb KiZb| Zuvi wbKU KD wKQy PvBj Kg nvK

ev ewk nvK Zv w`Zb KLbv bv ejZb bv| wZwb Ggb fve `vb
KiZb h dwKi nIqvi fq KiZb bv| Avi `vb-LqivZ wQj Zuvi
wbKU mePq wcq wRwbm|
Zuvi wbKU nZ `vb MwnZvi Avbì Pq `vb Ki wZwb ewk
Avb` I Lywk nZb| Kvb Afvex Zvi cqvRb ck Kij wZwb
Zv wbRi cqvRbi Dci cvavb w`Zb| Avi Zuvi [] `vbLqivZ wQj wewfb cKvi| KLbv nev KLbv `vb-LqivZ Avi
KLbv nvw`qv| Avi KLbv wZwb Kvb wRwbm q Ki q g~ji
PqI ewk w`Zb| Avevi Kvi wbKU _K FY wbj cwikvai
mgq Zvi PqI Dg I ewk w`Zb| Avevi KLbv Kviv wbKU
nZ wKQy q Ki Zvi g~j I mvgMx DfqUv diZ w`Zb| ZvB
wZwb wQjb mevi Pq D`vi cvYi gvbyl| Zuvi Ai wQj mevi
Pq cwe I `vbkxj| n Avjvn! Zuvi cwZ AMwYZ ì` I mvjvg
elY Kib|
e`vbZv I Gnmvbi dwRjZ:
1. Avjvni evYx:
` _ ~ } | { z y x w v u t {
:
z j i h g f e d c b a
Avi hv Zvgiv fvj wKQy LiP Ki Zv Zvgvì wbRì Rb|

Avi GKgv Avjvni mwi Rb LiP Ki| fvj hv wKQy Zvgiv
LiP Ki Zvi cwZ`vb ZvgvìK c~wic~Yfve Ìqv ne| Avi
Zvgvì cwZ Ryjyg Kiv ne bv| [ m~iv evKviv: 272]
R9 :

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2. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn []

ejQb:h ew GKwU LRyi wcigvY cwe DcvRb _K
`vb Kie| Avi Avjvn cwe wRwbm Qvov Keyj Kib bv|
wbq Avjvn Zv Zuvi Wvb `vZ viv Keyj Kib| AZ:ci Zv
Zvi gvwjKi Rb cwZcvjb Kib hgbwU Zvgvì KD Zvi
DUi evPvK cwZcvjb Ki _vK| GgbwK Zv GKw`b
cvnvoi bvq nq hve| 1
`vb MnYi weavb:
hvi wbKU Zvi PvIqv I Acv QvovB Kvb m` Avm m
hb Zv MnY Ki Ges Zv cZvLvb bv Ki; KviY Bnv wiwRK hv
Avjvn Zvi Rb cvwVqQb| hw` PvB Zv viv m`kvjx ne A_ev
PvBj `vb Ki è|
8
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Avyjvn Beb Dgvi [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn []

Dgvi Beb Lvve []K `vb Kij Dgvi [] im~jyjvn []K
ejb: n Avjvni im~j! Avgvi Pq Afvex ewK `vb Kib|
ZLb im~jyjvn [] DgviK ejb: MnY Ki Ges Zv viv gvj`vi
nI A_ev AbK `vb Ki `vI| G aibi h m` Zvgvi wbKU
1
jb`b
430
nev I `vbLqivZ
Avm hvi Zzwg cwZv-Avkv Kiwb wKsev PvIwb Zv MnY Ki| G

Qvov Ab wKQyi wcQb Zvgvi cewK wcQy Kie bv|1
gymwjg I Ab agvj^xi Dci `vb-LqivZ Kiv RvqR|
wK viv nev mv`b nq:
AbK Kvb e`jv Qvov mì gvwjK evbvbvi h Kvb k
viv nev AbywZ nZ cvi| hgb : ZvgvK nev Kijvg A_ev
ZvgvK nvw`qv w`jvg wKsev ZvgvK `vb Kijvg| Avi cwZwU
`vbKZ e hv nevi cwZ BwZ Ki Zvi viv| h mKj e wew
Kiv mwVK Zv nev KivI RvqR| Avi nevi e KgI hw` nq Zv
diZ bIqv gKin|
gvbyl Zvi mvbìK wKfve è:
1. gvbyli Rxekvq Zvi mvbìK `vb KiZ cvi Ze kZ
njv Zvì DivwaKvii wnmve mevBK mgcwigvY w`Z
ne| hw` KvDK Kviv Dci cvavb `q Zvnj ewkUv wbq
I KgUv ewk Ki mgvb Ki wè|
2. hw` Kvb ew Zvi Kvb mvbK Kvb KviYekZ: hgb:
Afve ev eqm ewk wKsev mvb ewk A_ev Amy ev vbvRb
e BZvw`, Zvnj Gi Rb ZvK wekl fve Ìqv RvqR
AvQ| wK cvavb w`q KvDK ewk Ìqv nvivg|
R a = A> X > ! : 0> '@ ` K=4

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bygvb Beb evkxi [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Zvi evev ZvK
wbq im~jyjvn []-Gi wbKU wMq ejjb, Avwg Avgvi QjwUK
Avgvi GKwU `vm `vb KiwQ| im~jyjvn [] ejjb: Zvgvi
1
431
jb`b
nev I `vbLqivZ
cwZwU mvbK Gic `vb KiQ? evev ejjb: bv, ZLb im~jyjvn
[] ejjb:hv `vb KiQ Zv diZ bI|1
nev diZ bqvi weavb:
evev Qvov Ab Kviv Rb nvZ KvKZ nevq wdi hvIqv
hve bv| Qji h m` cqvRb bB Ges Zv bIqvZ Zvi
Kvb cKvi wZI bB m gvj evevi Rb diZ bIqv RvqR
AvQ| mvbi Rb evevi bIqv FY BZvw` PvIqv RvqR bB|
wK evevi cwZ mvbi Rb hZUzKz LiP Kiv IqvwRe Zv PvBZ
cvi|
nvw`qv`vZv I nvw`qvMnYKvixi Rb mybZ:
nvw`qv MnY Kiv gyvnve Ges Zvi wewbgq Zvi gZ ev Zvi
Pq Dg Ìqv myì KvR| hw` Ìqvi gZ wKQy bv cvq Ze
Zvi Rb `vqv Kie| gykiKi wPvKlY I Bmjvg MnYi
Avkvq ZvK nvw`qv Ìqv I Zvi _K bIqv RvqR AvQ|
R! k

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Dmvgv Beb Rvq` [] _K ewYZ im~jyjvn [] ejQb:Kviv

cwZ KD Kvb AbyMn Kij hw` m KZvi Rb ej: [RvRvKvjv
LvBivv] A_: Avjvn ZvgvK Dg cwZ`vb `vb Kib, Zvnj m
f~qmx cksmv Kij|2
mevg `vb-LqivZ:
)V Rd= :
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jb`b
nev I `vbLqivZ
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Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, GKRb gvbyl bex []Gi wbKU Gm ejj, n Avjvni im~j! Kvb `vbi cwZ`vb AwaK?
wZwb [] ejjb:Zvgvi my I KcY Aevi `vb, hLb Zzwg
Afve AbUbi fq Ki Ges abx nIqvi Pv Ki| Avi `vbi
evcviUv KbvjxZ gZz Avmv ch ìx Kie bv| G mgq eje,
AgyKi Rb GZ, AgyKi Rb GZ Ges AgyKi cwZ Avgvi GZ
FY AvQ|1
gZzi mgq `vbi weavb:
hvi gZz fqi hgb: gnvgvix-cM BZvw` Zvi cwZ
DivwaKvixì Rb wKQy `vb Kiv Riwi bv Ges Kij mwVK ne
bv| Ze gZzi ci DivwaKvixì AbygwZg Kiv hZ cvi|
Abyic fve hviv DivwaKvix bv Zvì Rb GK ZZxqvski
AwaK `vb Kiv Riwi bv Ges Kij mwVK ne bv| Ze gZzi ci
DivwaKvixì AbygwZg RvqR|
hw` Kvb ew Zvi fvBqi Rb mycvwik Ki Gici m Rb
ZvK nvw`qv `q Ges m Zv MnY Ki, Zvnj m myì GK
weivU Aavq iPbv Kij|
nvw`qv diZ Ìqvi weavb:
KviYekZ: nvw`qv diZ Ìqv RvqR AvQ| hgb: Rvbv
Mj h nvw`qv`vZv Gnmvbi Rb LuvUv `q| A_ev G viv m
wZivi Ki wKsev gvbyli KvQ ej eovB BZvw`| Avi hw`
nvw`q Pzwi Kiv ev jyb Kiv nq Ze Zv cZvvb Kiv IqvwRe|
gykiKK nvw`qv I Zvi _K MnY Kivi weavb:
gb ib I Bmjvg Keyji Avkvq Kvb gykiKK nvw`qv
Ìqv I Zvi _K MnY Kiv RvqR|
1
433
jb`b
nev I `vbLqivZ
1. Avjvni evYx:
x w v u t s r q p o n m l k j iI
.[/* ]H
_ ~ } | { zy
agi evcvi hviv Zvgvì wei jvovB Kiwb Ges

ZvgvìK `k _K ewnvi Kiwb, Zvì cwZ m`vPiY I
Bbmvd KiZ Avjvn ZvgvìK wbla Kib bv| wbq Avjvn
BbmvdKvixìK fvjevmb| [m~iv gygZvwnbv:8]
R @ % 8

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& * >D : ` K= Q0>

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1( 0 lY : PB @ 9
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2. Avbvm [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, bex []K GKwU ikwgi

Ryev nvw`qv Ìqv nq| wZwb [] ikwgi Kvco _K wbla
KiZb| gvbyl G `L Avh nj bex [] ejb:h mvi
nvZ gynvì Rxeb Zuvi Kmg! mv` Beb gyqvhi RvbvZi
igvj Gi PvBZI myì|1
%- D & @ B $V 8 - 4
9 * g9>D ,
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E1( E B * & * #( !
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3. Avmgv [iv:] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, KzivBkì mv_

`vBweqvi mwi mgq Avgvi gykiKv gv Avgvi wbKU Avmb|
Avwg im~jyjvn []K dZvqv wRvmv Kwi, n Avjvni im~j!
Avgvi gv Avgvi wbKU GmQb wKQyi cvIqvi Avkvq, Avwg wK
Zvi mv_ mK ivLe? wZwb [] ejb: nuv, Zzwg Zvi mv_
1
434
jb`b
nev I `vbLqivZ
mK ivL|1
Kvb DcKvii Rb nvw`qv Ìqvi weavb:
h ew Kvb `vwqZkxjK Kvb bvRvqR KvR Kivi Rb
nvw`qv `q Zv nvw`qv`vZv I MnxZv Dfqi Rb nvivg| Bnv Ggb
Nyl hv `vZv I MnxZv Awfk| Avi hw` nvw`qv `vwqZkxji Ryjyg
_K euvPvi Rb A_ev Zvi IqvwRe AwaKvi bIqvi Rb nq,
Zvnj GB nvw`qv MnxZvi Rb nvivg Avi `vZvi Rb RvqR;
KviY Gi viv m Zvi Awb _K euvPZ cvie I wbRi nK
ndvRZ KiZ cvie|
Dg `vb-LqivZ:
mevg I DrK `vb nQ hv Afvegy Aevq Kiv nq|
hvì cwZ LiP Kiv IqvwRe Zvì w`qB i KiZ ne| KviY
bex [] ejQb:
6
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B ( T B f 6
* + B \ i )
B ( T B f @
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EB 6
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RE - l#
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Zvgvi wbRi viv Avi Ki Zvi Dci `vb Ki| Gici hw` wKQy
AwZwi _vK Ze Zv Zvgvi cwievii Rb| AZ:ci Zvgvi
cwieviK Ìqvi ci wKQy euvPj Zv Zvgvi AvZxq-^Rbi Rb|
hw` Zvgvi AvZxq-^RbK Ìqvi ci wKQy AwZwi _vK Ze
Zv Gic I Gic| wZwb ejb: Zvgvi mvgbi, Wvbi I evgi
jvKì Rb|2
fvj Kvhvw`Z LPi Kivi dwRjZ:
Avjvni ivn Ges gymjgvbì DcKvix LvZ eq Kiv GK
weivU bKU jvfi KvR| Gi mIqve `kY _K mvZkZ I
1

. gymwjg nvt bs 997
435
jb`b
nev I `vbLqivZ
eY ch evoZ _vK| Avi Avjvni ivvq LPi Kiv

mvZkZ Y ew cvq| Avjvn hvi Rb PvBeb ewaZ Kieb|
Avi Bnv LiPKvixi Aev, wbqZ, Cgvb, GLjvm, Gnmvb,
w`ji D`viZv I G viv Zvi Avbì Dci wewfb ii nq
_vK| BnviLiPi cwigvY, DcKvi I Zvi h_vvb eenvii
Dci wbfi Kie| Abyic hv LiP Kiv nQ Zvi cweZv I
LiPi cwZi DciI wbfi Kie|
1. Avjvni evYx:
x w v u t s r q p o n m{
z g f e d cba ` _ ~}| { z y

:
hviv Zvì m` Avjvni ivvq LiP Ki Zvì D`vniY njv

GKwU `vbvi bvq| hv _K mvZwU wkl nq| Avi cwZwU wkl
GKkZ Ki `vbv nq| Avjvn hvi Rb Pvb Zvi AwaK evwoq
`b| Avjvn eo `vbkxj I vbx| [m~iv evKviv:261]
{
:
z
hviv Zvì m` ivZ w`b Mvcb I cKvk LiP KiQ

Zvì Rb iqQ Zvì iei wbKU cwZ`vb| Avi Zvì bB
Kvb cKvi fq| Avi bv Zviv Kvb cKvi wPv-fvebv Kie|
[m~iv evKviv: 274]
#! : R
D a= : ` K= : - %- * >

$ R_9 k ! @n9 > - 4
; s
EC( A @D ' ; % $. S
F ) CD B 9 ! 8D & F >
S
F >
. J1E9.t
. ; K

jb`b
436
nev I `vbLqivZ

ejQb: hLb Zvgvì KD Zvi BmjvgK myì Ki ZLb Zvi
KZ cZKwU fvj KvRi wewbgq Zvi Rb `kY _K mvZkZ
Y ch jLv nq|1
. eyLvix nvt bs 42 gymwig nvt bs 129 k ZviB
jb`b
437
AwmqZ
25AwmqZ
AwmqZ nQ:
giYi ci Kvb jb`b wKsev mì `vb mK KZ
wekl Dc`k|
AwmqZ wewa-weavb nIqvi Zvrch:
Avjvn Zvqvjv Z`xq im~ji Revb viv G aibi AwmqZ
ceZb Ki ^xq ev`vì cwZ AbyMn Ges `qv c`kb KiQb|
GKRb gvbyl gviv hvIqvi c~e Zvi mì wKQy Ask KjvYi
KvR ei Ki hZ cvi, hv viv dwKi I gyLvcxiv DcKZ
nq Ges AwmqZKvix ewI wbR Avgj _K evavcv nIqvi ci
Gi mvIqve I cwZ`vb jvfi myhvM cvq|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
{
: z
Avjvn Zvqvjv Zvgvì Dci AeavwiZ KiQb h, Zvgvì

Kviv gZz hLb DcwZ nq ZLb evev-gv I ^Rbi Dk
m`fve AwmqZ Ki hvq| agfxiì GUv Aek KiYxq|
[m~iv evKviv :180]
AwmqZi weavb:
1. AwmqZ gyvnve mB ewi hvi cPzi abm` iqQ
Ges Zvi mvbmwZ AgyLvcx| m Zvi mì Ea GK
ZZxqvsk AwmqZ Ki hve, hv KjvY I gji KvR eq
ne, hb m gZzi ci Gi mIqve jvf ab nZ cvi|
2. H ewi Dci AwmqZ diR hvi wRvq Avjvni cvIbv wKsev
Kvb gvbyli cvIbv iqQ A_ev Zvi wbKU Abi AvgvbZ
Rgv AvQ| Gic Aevq m wjLe I cKvk Ki hve hvZ
Ki Kviv AwaKvi b bv nq| Ggwb fve h ewi cPzi
jb`b
438
AwmqZ
m` AvQ Zvi cwZ DivwaKvixì Qvov Abvb

wbKUvZxqì Rb Ea GK ZZxqvsk AwmqZ Kiv DwPZ|
3. nvivg AwmqZ njv: DivwaKvixì ga nZ ay GK RbK
hgb: x wKsev wbw` Kvb Qj-gqi Rb mì AwmqZ
Kiv|
AwmqZKZ mì cwigvY:
hviv DivwaKvix iqQ Zvì Rb ekx m` iL hvIqv
Avq GK cgvsk wKsev GK PZz_vsk Abi AwmqZ Kiv
mybZ| wK GK cgvski AwmqZ Kiv Dg|
AbyivwaKvixi Rb GK ZZxqvski AwmqZ Kiv ea| h Afvex
ewi DivwaKvixiv gyLvcx Zvi Rb AwmqZ Kiv gKin| hvi
DivwaKvix bB Zvi c c~Y mì AwmqZ ea| hvi
DivwaKvix AvQ Zvi c Kvb AvZ jvKi Rb GK
ZZxqvski ewk AwmqZ ea bq| DivwaKvixì AwmqZ
ea bq| hw` Zvi gvZv, wcZv, fvB BZvwì Kviv Rb nR wKsev
Kzievwbi AwmqZ Ki Zve Zviv RxweZ _vKj Zv ea; Kbbv Zv
nQ mIqvi viv Zvì cwZ AbyMn c`kbi bvgvi| GwU mB
AwmqZ bq hv viv gvwjK evbvbv Dk nq _vK|
KZZi evcvi DBjKvixi c _K Rb kZ:
hvi Dk AwmqZ Kiv ne Zvi Rb kZ nj gymwjg,
weeKevb, weePbv I AwmqZKZ welq myì cwiPvjbvi
mvg_evb nIqv| AwmqZKZ ew cyil nvK wKsev gwnjv|
Kvi AwmqZ mwVK ne:
AwmqZ we ne cZK eywgvb, mvevjKi c _K Ges
weeKevb evPv I m` mK wbeva BZvw` bvix-cyili c
_K|
AwmqZ I nevi gva cv_K:
AwmqZ njv: gZzi ci `vbi viv KvDK gvwjK evbvbv|
Avi nev njv: eZgvb Ab KvDK mì gvwjK evbvbv|
jb`b
439
AwmqZ
DfqwU gymwjg I Kvdii viv mwVK nq| Avi Dg njv

Rxekvq fvj KvRi Rb AwmqZ Kiv; KviY `vb I nev euP
_vKv Aevq Kiv gZzi cii PvBZ Dg|
AwmqZi wbqg:
AwmqZKvixi gwLK Dw wKsev wjwLZ eei viv AwmqZ
we ne| G aibi AwmqZ wjLv I Zvi Dci mvx ivLv gyvnve
hvi viv weevì c_ ZvZ e nq hvq|
R R
a= > '@ K
= - '
&

$V aEC( 9 E
!
E ,
% B a% \ i S
9
-9 MJF 9 :
. J1E9.X &

Avyjvn Beb Dgi (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb im~jyjvn [`:]

ejQb:Kvb gymwjg ewi Rb GB AwaKvi bB h, Zvi
AwmqZ Kivi Kvb e _vKv mZI AwmqZ bv wjLv QvovB `yB ivZ
AwZevwnZ Ki|1
AwmqZ diZ bqv I Kg ewk Kiv ea AvQ Ze gviv
hvIqvi ci Zv wi nq hvq|
Kvi Rb AwmqZ RvqR:
cwZwU gymwjg I Kvdi ewi Rb AwmqZ Ggb ei
we ne hvZ ea cvq DcKZ nIqvi eev iqQ| Ggwb
fve Zv gmwR`, mZz I gvìvmvi Rb we|
AwmqZi mg~n:
1. AwmqZ gviv hvIqvi ci wbw` wKQz KvRi jb`bi gvag
nq _vK hgb: Zvi gqìK weevn `qvi AwmqZ I QvUì
`Lv bv Kiv A_ev Zvi ZZxqvskK fvM Kiv| Bnv gyvnve KvR
I mvg_evb ewi Rb Ggb bKUc~Y KvR hvi Dci m cyiZ
ne|
1
jb`b
440
AwmqZ
2. AwmqZ m` `vb Kiv viv nZ cvi hgb : Zvi mì

GK cgvsk AwmqZ Kij dwKiì Dk wKsev Avjg,
xbi gyRvwn`, gmwR` wbgvY A_ev cvwb cvb Kivi Kzc Lbb
BZvw` |
AwmqZ gyvnve mB gvZvwcZvi (hgb Kvdi) hviv
DivwaKvi cveb bv| Ggwb fve mB me wbKUvZxq
dwKiì hviv DivwaKvi cve bv; Kbbv GwU GK
w`K mv`Kv I Ab w`K AvZxqZvi mK eRvq ivLvi KvR|
AwmqZ cwieZb Kivi weavb:
AwmqZ fvj fve nIqv Acwinvh| hw` AwmqZKvix
DivwaKvixì wZ KiZ BQv Kib Ze Zv nvivg ne Ges m
Gi Rb cvcx ne| cvi AwmqZ Bbmvd wfwK nj
AwmqZKZì c Zv cwieZb Kiv nvivg| h ew Rvbe h,
AwmqZ Ryjyg wKsev cvc iqQ Zvi c AwmqZKvixK Dg I
Bbmvdi Rb Dc`k `qv mybZ Ges ZvK Ryjyg _K wbla
Kie| wK m hw` Zv MnY bv Ki Ze AwmZKZì gvS
gxgvsmv Kie hvZ Bbmvd, mw I gZ ewi `vwqZ gyw jvf
nq|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
B A {
z R Q P O N ML K J I H G F E D C
- :
AZ:ci h ew bvi ci Zv cwieZb Kig Ze Gi cvc

ZvìB ne hviv Gi cwieZb Kie; wbq Avjvn mekZv,
mevZv| Avi h AwmqZKvixi c _K Ryjyg wKsev cvci
Avkv Ki dj Zvì gvS gxgvsmv Ki Ze Zvi Dci Kvb
cvc bB| AekB Avjvn gvkxj, `qvkxj|
[myiv evKviv:181182]
jb`b
441
AwmqZ
cvci KvR AwmqZ Kivi weavb:

cvci KvR AwmqZ Kiv nvivg| hgb: MxRv I gvRvi wbgvY
welq AwmqZ Kiv| PvB AwmqZKvix gymwjg nvK wKsev KvwdK
nvK|
AwmqZ MnYhvM nIqvi mgq:
AwmqZ mwVK nIqv bv nIqv gZyi mgqKvi Aev Abyhvqx
aZe ne| hgb: Kvb DivwaKvixi Dk AwmqZ Kij wK
m ewi gZyi mgq AbyivwaKvix nq coj| hgb: KD Avcb
fvBqi Rb AwmqZ Ki gviv Mj| gZzi ci Zvi GKRb Qj
mvb RbMnY Kij| Gi viv fvB wgivQ _K ewZ ne Ges
Zvi AwmqZ mwVK nq hve| cvi hw` Kvb ew
AbyivwaKvixi Dk AwmqZ Ki wK gZzi mgq m
DivwaKvix nq hvq| hgb: Qj _vKv Aevq fvBqi Dk
AwmqZ Kij| AZ:ci Zvi Qj gviv Mj ZLb AwmqZ evwZj
nq hve hw` DiwaKvixiv Zv mg_b bv Ki|
Kvb ew gviv Mj mec_ g Zvi cwiZ m` _K FY
cwikva KiZ ne| A:Zci AwmqZKZ e Ges cwikl
DivwaKvi eb|
AwmqZKZ ewì `vwqZi weavb:
AwmqZKZ ew GK wKsev GKvwaK nZ cvi Ze hw` Zviv
GKvwaK nq Ges cZKi Dk AwmqZ wbw` _vK Ze hvi
hvi wbw` Zv we ne| wK hw` GKvwaK AwmqZKZK
GK welq AwmqZ Ki _vK| hgb : Zvi mvb wKsev mì
`Lv-bvi evcvi AwmqZ GgZvevq Kvb GKRbi c GKv
wKQy nc Kiv Pje bv|
AwmqZ Keyj Kivi mgq:
AwmqZKZ ewi c AwmqZKvixi Rxekvq Ges gZz i
ci AwmqZ MnY Kiv Pj| Avi hw` m AwmqZKvixi gZzi c~e
jb`b
442
AwmqZ
wKsev ci Zv MnY Kiv _K weiZ _vK, Zvnj Zvi AwaKvi

kl nq hve; KviY m Zv MnY Kiwb|
hLb AwmqZKvix GB ej AwmqZ Kie h, Avwg AgyKi
Dk Avgvi Qji DivwaKvi cwigvY A_ev Ab h Kvb
DivwaKvixi mgvb AwmqZ Kijvg, ZLb Zvi Rb g~j
mwi mv_ mB cwigvY Ask cvIbv ej weewPZ ne| hw`
GKvsk wKsev wKQy cwigvYi AwmqZ Ki, Ze
DivwaKvixiv BQvbyhvqx ZvK wKQy w`q wè|
hLb Kvb ew Ggb Kvb vb gviv hve hLvb Kvb
wePviK wKsev AwmqZKZ ew bB| hgb gif~wg I k~b
cvi Ze Zvi cvkeZx gymwjgì Rb ea h, Zviv Zvi
cweZ mw AvqZ Ki myweavgZ KvR jvMve|
AwmqZi evK:
AwmqZ bvgvi cvi ZvB wjLv gyvnve hv Avbvm (iv:) _K
mve nqQ|
R9 Y * * %
X = &
B aRERC( % a08 : 6
. 9
Q
0>

f 6
%- i Z X & F `
Z! ! Z ( > & @ 4
%: 0>
> .
BD
D
BD
>
B
9 G
D ; % `
[ > f@ B s
%= Z $V A $ S > f Da = X & &x '2
9 >
a2
Ru% ( > f RAP A JF `
[ aPD E% ( > * >
9 X & ; - A
9
> f= aPD (
R
> ' @ *
> f
9 9 a08 ( ! a = `
[ a; N % f @ L
#
~ } | {{ m
aRDP; % * - !
RP@ Rd-O>.

a % ( > & %- % 9 - 8D Y( % RwD . :4 z
.N= &
Avbvm Beb gvjK (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: mvnvevMY

AwmqZ bvgvi iZ wjLZb: GwU nQ AgyKi mvb AgyKi
AwmqZ| m AwmqZ KiQ h, m mv w`Q Avjvn eZxZ
jb`b
443
AwmqZ
mwZKvi Kvb gvey` bB, wZwb GKK Zvi Kvb Askx`vi bB Ges
gynv` [`:] Avjvni ev`v I im~j| wb:m`n wKqvgZ mgvMZ,
Avjvn Kei evmxìK AekB DVveb| m AwmqZ KiQ Zvi
cieZx cwievieMK, Zviv hb cKZ c AvjvnK fq Ki|
wbRiv cviwiK mK myì ivL Ges gywgb nq _vKj Avjvn
I Z`xq im~ji AvbyMZ Ki| m ZvìK H AwmqZ KiQ hv
Beivnxg (Av:) I BqvKe (Av:) Zuvì ^xq mvbìK
KiwQjb GB ej:
:
z ~ } | {{
n wcq erm! Avjvn Zvgvì Rb xb wbevPb KiQb| AZGe,

Zvgiv gymjgvb bv nq gZzeiY Kie bv| [m~iv evKviv:132]
AZ:ci m hv AwmqZ KiZ Pvq Zv DjL Kie|1
wbgv welqvwì dj AwmqZ evwZj nq:
1. AwmqZKZ ew hLb cvMj nq hve|
2. AwmqZi e hLb web nq hve|
3. AwmqZKvix hLb AwmqZ _K cZveZb Kie|
4. AwmqZKZ ew hLb Zv diZ wè|
5. hLb AwmqZKZ ew AwmqZKvixi c~e gviv hve|
6. hLb AwmqZKZ ew AwmqZKvixK nZv Kie|
7. hLb AwmqZi wbavwiZ mgq cvi nq hve| A_ev h evcvi
AwmqZKZ ewK `vwqZ AcY Kiv nqwQj Zvi gqv` kl
nq hve|
. nv`xmwU mnxn, evBnvKx nvt bs 12463 `vivKzZbxt 4/145 BiIqvDj Mvjxj `t nvt bs
1647
444
jb`b
`vm-`vmx gywKiY
26`vm-`vmx gyKiY
`vm-`vmxì gyKiY:
Kvb gvgylK gvbyli `vmZ _K Zvi M`vbK ^vaxb Ki
`qvi bvg `vm gyKiY|
Bmjvg gvbyl gv mevB ^vaxb| Kej GKwU KviY viv Zvì
Dci Mvjvgxi evSv Pvc| Avi Zv njv: hy Ask MnYKvix
Kvdi wnmve hLb KvDK e`x Ki Avbv ne| Bmjvg Ggb
`vm-`vmxì Mvjvgxi Kj gy Kivi Rb ewea cv
wbaviY KiQ| hgb : igRvbi w`b h ivRv`vi x mg
Ki Zvi Kvddvivi c_g avc iLQ `vm gyw| Abyic fve
xK wRnvi Z_v m mKj bvixK weevn Kiv nvivg Zvì
Kviv Ai mv_ Zzjbv Kivi Kvd&dviv, fyjekZ: nZvi
Kvd&dviv Ges kc_ fi Kvd&dviv BZvw`|
`vm gywi weavb ceZbi Zvrch:
Bnv nQ bKU jvfi eo GKwU cyYi KvR; Kbbv Avjvn
Zvqvjv GK nZvmn Abvb Acivai nvd&dviv evwbqQb| GZ
wbivciva gvbylK Mvjvgxi wkKj _K gy Kivi eev iqQ|
Gi viv m wbRi BQvbyhvqx Rxeb I m` cwiPvjbvi myhvM
cvq| DjL h mevcv Dg m`Kv nQ ZvB hvi g~j mePq
ekx I hv Zvi gvwjKi wbKU mePq DrK I wcq|
mevg `vm-`vmx AvRv`:
R' [ Ml> !`
W aR= % :,
( D : ` K= l= 1 r =# >

c)D RB( > m
g- Ml> :,
( D B 7^ @d ` V ! : c)D
B( >
. J1E9.
@ * > & @S

1 0> x' w *?> :
Avey hvi Mdvix [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avwg ejjvg n

Avjvni im~j! mevg Avgj wK? wZwb [] ejjb: Avjvni cwZ
jb`b
445
`vm-`vmx gywKiY
Cgvb I Avjvni ivn wRnv`| wZwb [] ejb, Avwg ejjvg, Kvb
Mvjvg AvRv` Kiv mevg? wZwb [] ejjb:h Mvjvgi g~j
ewk Ges m Zvi gvwjKi wbKU DrK|1
Zvèxi:
gZzi m Mvjvg AvRv` Kivi kZ KivK Zvèxi ej|
hgb: gvwjK Zvi MvjvgK eje: hw` Avwg gviv hvq Zvnj Zzwg
Avgvi gZzi ci AvRv`| AZGe, hLb m gviv hve Mvjvg
AvRv` nq hve hw` Zv gvwjKi mì GK ZZxqvski ewk
bv nq| wK ewk nj Zv wew Kiv I `vb Kiv RvqR ne|
x9?D J E > 2
>
9 ed = > : ` K= - d

J1E9. !
' n ) = > wD * = 7 $ _9 'n B X - ? V 9

CD % - 7

.
Rvei [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, bex []-Gi wbKU Lei cuQj
h, Zuvi mvnvevì ga GKRb Zvi gZzi ci Mvjvg AvRv`
KiQ| wK G Qvov Zvi Avi Kvb m` bB| bex []
MvjvgwUK AvU kZ wìnvg viv wew Ki m g~j Zvi (AvZxq^Rbi) wbKU ciY Kib|2
wK viv AvRv` ne:
`vm gyw mQvq ev AwbQvKZ cZK Ggb k `viv nZ
cvi hv D welqK eySvq| hgb : Zzwg ^vaxb wKsev gy BZvw`|
h ew Ggb AvZxqK `vm-`vmx wnmve q Kie hvK Mvjvg
evbvbv nvivg Ze gvwjK nIqvi mv_ mv_ m ^vaxb ej
weewPZ ne| hgb: gvZvwcZv BZvw`| h `vmx ^xq gwbei
c _K mvb cme Kie mB gywbe gviv hvIqvi mv_ mv_
D `vmx ^vaxb nq hve|
1

446
jb`b
`vm-`vmx gywKiY
`vm gywi dwRjZ:

) d = 'M%> :
M : K
= : - %- * >

. J1E9.=
9 9 xa
9 a
])CD Y P E x' S
9 >e- 9 J E >
Avey ivBiv (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: bex [] ejQb: h

ew Kvb gymwjg ewK ^vaxb Kie, Zvi cZKwU Ai
wewbgq Avjvn Zvqvjv cwZwU AK Rvnvbvg _K gyw `vb
Kieb|1
gyKvZvevn Z_v `vm gywi Pzw:
GwU nQ `vm-`vmxi c _K gwbeK w`wb A_i wewbgq
AvRv` Kivi bvg|
`vm gywi Pzwi weavb:
1. GwU fvj `vm-`vmxi c _K gwbei wbKU cvweZ nj Zv
Acwinvh nq co|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
m l kji h g f e d c b a `{

:/ z i rqp o n
Zvgvì `vm`vmxì ga hviv `vmZ gywi wjwLZ Pzw KiZ

Pvq Zvgiv m PzwZ Ave nI hw` Zvgiv Zvì ga KjvYi
evcvi AeMZ nI| Avi Avjvn ZvgvìK h m` w`qQb
Zv nZ Zvgiv ZvìK `vb Ki| [m~iv byi: 33]
2. gwbei cwZ IqvwRe njv: D `vmK Zvi A_i wKQy Ask
hgb GK PZz_vsk w`q wKsev Zvi `bv-cvIbv gvd Ki ZvK
mvnvh Kiv| wjwLZ Pzwavix `vmK wew Kiv ea, Zvi Zv Zvi
1
jb`b
447
`vm-`vmx gywKiY
Pyw`vZvi jvwfwl ne, dj Zvi Dci h g~j eZvq m Zv

cwikva Kij ^vaxb nq hve| wK AcviM nj `vmB _K
hve|
n Avjvn! Avgvì mKji M`vbK Rvnvbvgi Avb _K
gy Kib| Avi `ywbqvi Ac` I AvLivZi AvRve _K wbwZ
`vb Kib|
448
cg ce
weevn I Zvi cwiwk

Gi ga iqQ:
1. weevni weavb|
2. ZvjvKi weavb|
3. ivRvqvZ: xK ZvjvKi ci cybivq MnYi weavb|
4. Lvjv ZvjvK: xi AvMn (wZc~iY wbq) c` ZvjK|
5. Bjv: Pvi gvm xi msk cwiZvMi Kmg Kiv|
6. wRnvi: xK gv A_ev Kvb gynviivgvZi mv_ Dcgv Ìqv|
7. wjAvb: ^vgx-xi GK AciK Awfkvc Ìqv|
8. BZ: ZvjvKcvv I weaev gwnjvì wekl KvjcY|
9. iRvqvZ: wkì b`vb|
10. mvb cwZcvjb|
11. Lvi-cvl I fiY-cvlY|
(Lv` I cvbxq e, RevB I wkKvi)
449
:
ba `_ ~ }| { z yI

mlkjihg fedc
[: ]Hn
Avjvni evYx:
Avi GK wb`kb GB h, wZwb Zvgvì Rb Zvgvì ga

ZK Zvgvì xìK mw KiQb, hvZ Zvgiv Zvì
KvQ kvwZ _vK Ges wZwb Zvgvì ga cviwiK mcxwZ
I `qv mw KiQb| wbq GZ wPvkxj jvKì Rb
wb`kbvejx iqQ| [m~iv ig:21]
450
weevn Aavq
weevni AvnKvg
1. weevn Aavq
weevni AvnKvg
weevni inm:
cwZwU mwKzj weevn I eevwnK mK Avjvn Zvqvjv
wb`kbmg~ni GKwU wb`kb| Bnv RxeR I Dwì gvS
mvaviYfve Dby| Avi gvbyli welqUv Avjvn Zvi Abvb cvYxi
bvq hbPPv Kivi c_ Dby ivLbwb| eis Zvi Dchy
mvbRbK wbqg-Kvbyb wbviY Ki w`qQb| hvi viv gvbe
RvwZi ghv`vi ndvRZ I mvb msiY nq| Avi Zv njv kwiqZ
mZ weevn| G viv GKRb cyil Aci gwnjvi m mvbRbK
mK nq| Bnv Dfqi mw I BRve-Keyj Ges fvjvevmv I
ezZi cwZ cwZwZ| Bnv viv mwVK cvq hb Pvwn`v c~iY nq|
Avi eskvbyg web nIqv _K iv cvq Ges ndvRZ _vK
cZK AwbKvixi Awb _K bvixiv|
weevni dwRjZ:
weevn mg bex-im~jMYi mePq ZvwK`c~Y GKwU mybZ| h
mybZi evcvi Avjvn Zvqvjv I im~jyjvn [] Drmvn c`vb
KiQb|
d c b a ` _ ~ } | { z ym
:
l n m l k j i h g fe
Avi GK wb`kb GB h, wZwb Zvgvì Rb Zvgvì ga

_K Zvgvì mwYxì mw KiQb, hvZ Zvgiv Zvì KvQ
kvwZ _vK Ges wZwb Zvgvì ga cvivwiK mcxwZ I `qv
mw KiQb| wbq GZ wPvkxj jvKì Rb wb`kbvejx
iqQ| [m~iv ig: 21]
451
weevn Aavq
weevni AvnKvg
2. Aviv Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:

:&
l ut s r q p o n m lm
Avcbvi c~e Avwg AbK im~j ciY KiwQ Ges ZuvìK cZx
I mvb- mwZ w`qwQ| [m~iv iv`: 38]

g k 9 8D : K
= 7. a;S
9
&

- R4; 9 R% : R
D a= PB f eq i & /
0 xi

9 f
- 1 (
u
F > - u
( M? > 0T B
b E( B : \[ (
NE
9 m
4
. J1E9
.\ d 0T B 3 a u ; B k N ES%
3. Avyjvn Beb gvmD` [] KZK ewYZ wZwb ejb: Avgiv bex
[]-Gi mv_ Ggb me hyeK wQjvg hvì wKQzB wQj bv| bex []
Avgvì Rb ejjb:n hyeKi `j! Zvgvì gvS h evAvZ
Z_v kvixwiK, A_bwZK gZv ivL m hb weevn Ki; KviY Bnv
PzK wbPz ivL Ges hbvK ndvRZ Ki| Avi h mvgv_
ivL bv Zvi cwZ ivRv; KviY ivRv nj Zvi hb gZvi Rb
`gbKvix|1
weevn:
weevn nQ kwiqZi GKwU eb, hvi viv ^vgx-xi Avcvm
GK AciK mvM Kiv nvjvj nq hvq|
weevn eaKiYi wnKgZ:
1. weevn Ggb GKwU KvR hv viv mr cwiek I myì mgvR MVb
Ges cvwievwiK ebK gReyZ Kivi evcvi mvnvh Ki|
Avi RxebK c~Z-cwe I nvivg cwZZ nIqv _K ndvRZ
ivL| Bnv GK evmvb I ckvw| Gi viv mw nq fvjvevmv,
cYq, wgj-gneZ I ^vgx-xi gvS wevi jvf Ki cdyjZv|
1
weevn Aavq
452
weevni AvnKvg
2. weevn nQ: mvb Rbi mevg cv Ges esk Kzj

ndvRZi mv_ mv_ esk wevi Kivi ea cwZ| Gi viv
Rb bq Avcvmi gvS cwiwPwZ, mvnvh-mnhvwMZv I ezZ|
3. weevn nQ: hb Pvwn`v c~iYi GK Dg cv Ges wewfb
aiYi ivM-evjv _K wbivc` _K hb zav c~iY Kivi
GKgv ea c_|
4. weevni viv mr cwievi MVb nq, hv myì mgvRi Rb GKwU
fvj exR îc| ^vgx K Ki DcvRb Ki, LiP I fiY
cvlY Ki Avi x mvbì cwZcvjb Ki Ges msmvi
cwiPvjbv I RxweKv wbqY Ki| Gi viv mymsMwVZ nq
mgvRi Aev|
5. weevn viv wcZZ I gvZZ ^fve cwiZw nq hv mvbì
DcwwZZ ew cvq|
weevni weavb:
1. hvi hb Pvwn`v iqQ Ges Rbvq dum hvIqvi fq bB Zvi
Rb weevn Kiv mybZ; KviY Gi gvS iqQ bvix-cyil I
DZi AbK DcKvi|
2. h ew weevn bv Kij Rbvq dum hvIqvi fq iqQ Zvi
cwZ weevn Kiv IqvwRe| be `wZ Zvì weevn viv
wbRìK c~Z-cwe Ges Avjvni nvivgKZ Rbvq cwZZ
nIqv _K ndvRZi wbqZ Kie| Gi dj Zvì gayi
wgjb ne m`Kvq cwiYZ|
x wbevPb:
weevn KiZ BQzK ewi Rb mngqx, Nb Nb evPv `q
Ggb, Kzgvix, xb`vi I mZx-mvax bvixK weevn Kiv mybZ|
fR@' :k = + :D >- ' ( |
C A : g
K
= : - %- * >

. J1E9.
&% ,
- A
%g& L
Y - 1 ( B f@ %& f@'d f@ S
2

weevn Aavq
453
weevni AvnKvg
Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [] ejQb:

bvixìK PviwU wRwbmi Rb weevn Kiv nq| (GK) mì
Rb| (`yB) esk-eywbqvì Rb| (wZb) m`hi Rb| (Pvi)
xbi Rb| AZGe, xb`viKB AMvwaKvi `vI| Zvgvi nvZ
a~mwiZ (gj) nK|1
mevg bvix:
mevg gwnjv njv mB mr bvix hvi cwZ Zvi ^vgx `w
w`j gb Avb` cvq, wb`k Kij Zvi AvbyMZ Ki| Avi ^vgxi
wecixZ Pj bv Ges Zvi wbRi I mì evcvi ^vgx I Zuvi
im~j hv NYv Ki Zv Ki bv| Zvi cwZ Avjvni hv Av`k Zv
cvjb Ki Ges hv wbla Zv nZ weiZ _vK|
0M&R :
a= > -'
&

.S9 d-O>.$D 2
u
:D >- ' ( 0M&

E9 - O
^ E9
Avyjvn Beb Avgi [] KZK ewYZ, bex [] ejQb:mg

`ywbqvUv DcKvix e Avi mevg `ywbqvi DcKvix e nQ mr
x|2
GKvwaK weevn eaKiYi wnKgZ:
Avjvn Zvqvjv GKRb cyili Rb Ea PviRb bvixK
weevn Kiv ea KiQb Gi AwZwi Pje bv| wK kZ njv Zvi
kvixwiK, A_bwZK I Zvì gvS Bbmvd Kivi gZv _vKZ
ne| GKvwaK weevni gvS iqQ ewe` DcKvi| hgb:
jvvbi ndvRZ, hvì weevn Kie ZvìK c~Z-cwe ivLv
Ges Zvì cwZ Gnmvb Kiv| G Qvov eski wevi jvf, hvi viv
DZi msLv Ges Avjvni Gev`ZKvixì msLv ew cvq|
AZGe, hw` fq Ki h, Zvì gvS Bbmvd KiZ cvie bv
1
2

weevn Aavq
454
weevni AvnKvg
Zvnj aygv GKRb xK weevn Kie A_ev `vmx MnY Kie|

Avi `vmxi Rb Avjv`v Kvb w`b fvM Kiv IqvwRe bq|
d cba ` _ ~ } | { z y x w v u tm
:./
l r q p o n mlk j i h g f e
Avi hw` GwZg gqì nK h_vh_fve c~iY KiZ cvie bv G

fq Ki, Ze mme gwnjvì ga nZ hvì fvj jvM Zvì
weq Ki bvI `yB, wZb wKsev PviwU ch| Avi hw` Gic Avkv
Ki h, Zvì gvS bvq-mZ AvPiY KiZ cvie bv Ze
GKwUB; A_ev Zvgvì AwaKvify `vmxìK; GZB
ccvwZZ RwoZ bv nIqvi AwaKZi mebv iqQ|
[m~iv wbmv: 3]
2. cvgq gnvvbx Avjvn GKvwaK weevnK hLb ea KiQb
ZLb Ab w`K Bnv wbR^ AvZxq-^Rbi ga nvivg Ki
w`qQb| hgb: `y'evbK GK weevn Kiv nvivg| Abyic dzdz I
fvwZRxK Ges Lvjv I fvwMbxK; KviY Gi dj mw ne
AvZxqZvi mK wQb I Rb wbe wewfb aiYi Avcvm `ykgwb|
wbq mwZbì gvSi Clv eo KwVb|
weevni cqMvgi Rb wK Kie:
h ew Kvb bvixK weevn KiZ Pvq Zvi Rb gyvnve
njv: GKvwK wbRbZv QvovB gqi Ggb wKQz Ask `Lv hv ZvK
weevni Rb AvK Ki| Zvi m Kig`b Kie bv Ges kixii
Kvb Ask k Kie bv I Zvi hv `Le Zv Kv_vI cKvkI
Kie bv| bvixI Zvi cqMvg`vZvK `Le| Avi hw` wbR `Lv
meci bv nq Ze wek Kvb gwnjvK `Lvi Rb cvVve, m
`L Gm Zvi eYbv wè|
Kvb gwnjv ^vgxi gZzi ci wZxq weevn Kij mekl ^vgxB
wKqvgZi w`b ^vgx wnmve cve|
weevn Aavq
455
weevni AvnKvg
Ab fvBqi cqMvgi Dci cqMvg Ìqvi weavb:

cqMvg ev Ab Kvb evcvi Qwe Ìqv-bIqv nvivg| Avi
cyili cwZ nvivg njv Ab fvBqi cqMvgi Dci cqMvg
Ìqv| Ze hw` c_g Rb Qo `q ev ZvK AbygwZ `q wKsev
gqi c _K c_g ewK bv Ki `q, Zvnj Kvb Amyweav
bB| hw` c_g ewi cqMvgi Dci cqMvg `q Avi weevn nq
hvq, Ze AvK` mnxn nq hve wK m bvnMvi ne Ges Avjvn
I Zuvi im~ji bvdigvb ej weewPZ ne|
gqi MvwRqvbi cwZ IqvwRe njv: GKRb mr Qji m
gqi weq `qvi evcvi Pv-Z`wei Kiv| gqi ev evbi
Kvb fvj I mr Qji wbKU weq `qvi Rb cve Kivq
Kvb Amyweav ev `vli K_v bq|
BcvjbKvwiYxK weevni cqMvg Ìqvi weavb:
gZ ^vgx ev ZvjvK evqbvi BZ cvjbKvix gwnjvK
myfve weevni cve `qv nvivg| Ze Afve cve `qv
RvqR| hgb: cyil eje: Avwg Zvgvi gZK PvB| bvix Di
eje: ZvgvK Qvov Avi KvDK PvB bv BZvw`|
wZb ZvjvKi Kg ZvjvK evqbvi BZ cvjbKvwiYx bvixK
I A `yfveB cqMvg `qv ea| wK ivRqx
ZvjvKi BZ cvjbKvwiYxK I A h Kvb fveB
cqMvg `qv nvivg|
weevni AvK` mnxn nIqvi wZbwU ivKb:
1. weevn mnxn nIqvi Kvb evav QvovB (hgb : `yacvb I wfb
xb BZvw`) ei-KYi AwZ _vKv|
2. BRve cvIqv: gqi Awj wKsev Zvi cwZwbwai c _K G
ejv h, Avwg Zvgvi mv_ AgyK gqi weevn w`jvg wKsev
ZvgvK gvwjK evwbq w`jvg BZvw` k|
3. Keyj cvIqv: ^vgx A_ev Zvi DwKji c _K ejv: Avwg G
weevn Keyj Kijvg... BZvw` k ejv|
456
weevn Aavq
weevni AvnKvg
AZGe, hLb BRve I Keyj cvIqv hve, ZLb weevni AvK`

nq hve|
weevn `qvi Rb bvixì AbygwZ bIqvi weavb:
gq Kzgvix nvK ev weevwnZv nvK Zvi Awji cwZ IqvwRe
njv: weevn `qvi c~e Zvi AbygwZ MnY Kiv| bvix hvK NYv
Ki Zvi m weqi Rb ZvK eva Kiv RvqR bB| hw` Zvi
AbygwZ I mw QvovB Zvi weevn `q Ze Zvi weqi AvK`
evwZj Kivi AwaKvi iqQ|
REF g%+R( |
C A :
>[ : - %- * >

c R@0#( ! t
R8 a= % : aD # +( ES
A EF - C( ( |
C A - 9 +( ES
A
. J1E9
. ,
CD S
A ( > :
1. Avey ivBiv [] KZK ewYZ bex [] ejQb: weevwnZv

bvixi wb`k Zje Qvov Zvi weq `qv Pje bv Ges Kzgvix
bvixi AbygwZ ewZiK weevn `qv hve bv| Zuviv (mvnvevq
Kivg) ejjb: Kzgvixi AbygwZ Avevi wKfve? wZwb []
ejjb: Zvi Pzc _vKB AbygwZ|1
s
^ Rgw R* @d 5 *> > :@ ` K= $ %= u0+( 3 YO ,
\[ S O

.l=U d-O>
.@F C0 7- B

,
A+B 6
# ,
* - C B
2. Lvbmv webZ Lhvg Avbmvix (iv:) _K ewYZ, wZwb GKRb

weevwnZv bvix wQjb Zvi evev Zvi AbygwZ QvovB weevn `b|
Avi wZwb G weevnK AcQ` Kib| dj im~jyjvn []-Gi
wbKU Avmj wZwb [] Zvi weevnK evwZj Ki `b|2
bq eQii Kg eqmi gqi AbygwZ I mw QvovB Zvi Rb
Dchy Qji m weevn `qv evevi Rb RvqR|
1

.eyLvix nvt bs 5138
457
weevn Aavq
weevni AvnKvg
weevni cqMvgi AvswUi bvg cyili Rb ^Yi AvswU eenvi

Kiv Pje bv; KviY Bnv kwiqZ nvivg I Kvdiì mv_
m`k|
weevni Lyrevi weavb:
AvK`Kvixi Rb gyvnve njv: AvKì c~e Lyrevq nvRvZ
cov hgb :LyrevZzj Rygvq DjL nqQ| Bnv weevn I Abvb
Lyrevi Rb chvR| Zv njv Bbvj nvg`v wjjvwn bvngv`y Iqv
bvmZvCbyn& -------- AZ:ci Lyrevq DjwLZ AvqvZmg~n cvV
Kieb| Gici Zvì gvS AvK` Z_v eb Ki wèb Ges
`yRb bvqcivqY cyil mvx ivLeb|
weevni fQv wewbgqi weavb:
weevni fQv `qv gyvnve|
= : +B5 #! 8
> : - %- * >

.d9
7 7a> d-O>
.- O B 'CD k ' d CD = CD
Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ, bex [] be`wZK Avkxev` Kivi

mgq ejZb: evvivKvjv jvKzg, Iqv evvivKv AvjvBKzg, Iqv
RvgvAv evBbvKzgvv dx LvBi|1
A_: Avjvn Zvgvì Rb I Zvgvì cwZ eiKZ `vb Kib Ges
Zvgvì `yRbi gvS KjvYgq mymK Ki `b|
AvKì ci ^vgxi Rb Zvi xi m GK Ges wbRb
nIqv I DcfvK Kiv RvqR; KviY m GLb Zvi x| wK G
meB cqMvgi ci I AvKì c~e nvivg|
bvixi AvKì mgq:
cwe I gvwmK Aevq bvixi weevni AvK` Kiv RvqR| wK
gvwmK Aevq ZvjvK `qv nvivg| Avi cwe Aevq ZvjvK `qv
RvqR| Gi weavb ci Avme -Bbkvv Avjvn-|
1
.nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 2130, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 1905 k ZviB
weevn Aavq
458
weevni AvnKvg
weevni kZmg~n:
wenevn mwVK nIqvi Rb kZ njv:
ei-KYi wbw`KiY|
ei- KYi Dfqi mw|
Awj: Awj Qvov Kvb gwnjvi weevn RvqR bB|
gvnivbv viv weevn nIqv|
ei-KYK wblavv nZ gy nIqv hgb: `yRbi ev Kvb
GKRbi gvS Ggb wKQz cvIqv, hv weevnK eviY Ki| PvB
Zv eski Rb nvK ev Ab Kvb KviYi Rb nvK hgb:
`yacvb I wfb agvj^x BZvw`|
Awji Rb kZ:
AwjK cyil, ^vaxb, mvevjK (cveq), weeKevb I
bvqcivqY nIqv kZ| ei-KYi xb GKB nIqv kZ| bI gymwjgv
bvix hvi Kvb Awj bq Zvi Awj `ki ev`kvn wbRB ev Zuvi
cwZwbwa| Awj: gqi evev, wZwbB Zvi weq `qvi mePq ekx
nK`vi| AZ:ci evev hvi AwmqZ Kieb| Gici `v`v| Gici
Qj AZ:ci fvBqi ci PvPv| AZ:ci eski mePq wbKUi
Avmvev1, Gici `ki ev`kvn|
weevni AvKì mgq mvx ivLvi weavb:
weqi AvKì Rb `yRb weeKevb I mvevjK Ges
bvqcivqY mvx ivLv IqvwRe| hw` weevni cPvi nq Ges Zvi
Dci `yRb mvx ivLv nq Ze Dg| Avi hw` `yRb mvx QvovB
cPvi nq A_ev mvx ivLv nq cPvi eZxZ ZeyI weevn mnxn ne|
hLb wbKUi Awj evav wè A_ev Awji hvM bv wKsev
AbycwZ _vKe hvi mvvr K Qvov Ame, Ggb Aevq Zvi
cii ii Awj weevn wèb|
1
. Avmvev ejv nq: wbKUvZxq bv _vKv Aevq `~ieZx hme AvZxq-^Rb gZi
DivwaKvi jvf Ki|
weevn Aavq
459
weevni AvnKvg
Awj Qvov weevni weavb:

Awj Qvov weevn evwZj| wePviKi wbKU Zvi weq weQ`
A_ev ^vgx _K ZvjvK Kivbv IqvwRe| Avi hw` evwZj weqi
viv mnevm nq Ze xi hbv nvjvj Kivi Rb gni wgwQj
w`Z ne|
weevnZ Kzdz Z_v DchyZv:
^vgx-xi gvS Dchy nIqvi Rb MnYhvM kZ njv: xb I
^vaxbZv| AZGe, Awj hw` mZx-mvax gqi Kvb dvRi Z_v
cvwc-jUi mv_ wKsev ^vaxb bvixK Kvb `vmi m weevn
`q, Ze weq mnxn ne| wK bvixi Rb AwaKvi iqQ weevn
eb _vKv A_ev weq weQ` Kiv|
^vgx-xi wgjbi Dk:
mnevmi Dk wZbwU:
esk wevii avivevwnKZv msiY| h cvwb AvUwKq ivLj
wZ Zv eiKiY| G Qvov hb z`v c~iY Ges Avjvni `qv
bqvgZ viv gRv I Zw jvfKiY| Avi kliwU aygv RvbvZ
ne Ges c~YZvi Pig wkLi cuQe|
^vgx hLb evmi Ni xi wbKU cek Kie ZLb wK KiYxq:
1. ^vgx hLb xi wbKU evmi Ni cek Kie ZLb xi cwZ
m`q, mnbyf~wZ I fvjvevmv cKvk Kie| Avi gv_vi AMfvM
nvZ iL wemwgjvn eje I eiKZi Rb `vqv Kie| AZ:ci
eje:
g-i
9 *g-i
9 6
#D a> f @E( d 9 - O *- O 6
D+> g0! @
.d9
7 7a> d-O>
. @E( d 9
Avjvv Bbx AvmAvjyKv LvBivnvv Iqv LvBiv gvv RvevjZvnvv

AvjvBn& , Iqv AvEhyweKv wgb kviwinvv Iqv wgb kviwi gvv
RvevjZvnvv AvjvBn&|1
1
.nv`xmwU nvmvb, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 2160 k ZviB, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 2252
weevn Aavq
460
weevni AvnKvg
2. wgjbi mgq nvw`m DjwLZ `vqvwU cov mybZ| `vqvwU njv:

= &RP% ( ! R0T B E( 5 = 9 N 4 s
gd N 4 gd @ f
. J1E9. x&>
V N i X -
% 6
# B &^ '@
wemwgjvn, Avjvv Rvwbebvk kvBZbv Iqv Rvwbwek kvBZbv

gvv ivRvKZvbvv|
hw` G wgjb Zvì gvS mvb nq Ze kqZvb Zvi KLbvB
wZ KiZ cvie bv|1
3. ^vgxi Rb xi hvbxc_ mvgb _K ev wcQb _K h Kvb
fve wgjb Kiv RvqR| Avi xi gjvi wgjb Kiv nvivg|
^vgx-xi GKmv_ Mvmj Kivi weavb:
^vgx-x mnevm Kivi ci wZxq evi wgjb KiZ PvBj
mvjvZi Ihyi gZ Ihy Kiv mybZ| Bnv wZxq evii Rb cdyjZv
mw Ki| Ze Mvmj Ki wZxq evi wgjb KivB Dg| Zvì
`yRbi Rb GKB vb GKmv_ ev_ig Mvmj Kiv RvqR;
hwÌ GK Acii mev `L Ze Kvb Amyweav bB|
)D S
W Er %
D a= 8 :,
@ ` K= $ 4
_

:$D ED .& F a( \W 0T ( B a * 0> )D S
W E?( > ,
8D
- 1 ( a *
& P( B
. J1E9.k

$D ww :
- 1 ( :D 1(
Avqkv (iv:) KZK ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [] cv _K cvwb

wbq Mvmj KiZb| cvwU dvivK cwigvY cvwb aiZ| (Avqkv)
ejb: Avwg Ges im~jyjvn [] GKwU cv _K cvwb wbq Mvmj
KiZvg| KzZvBev (in:) ejb: mywdqvb (in:) ejb: dvivK wZb
mv (cvq 7.5 wjUvi cvwb)
^vgx-x mnevmi ci Ihy Ki Nygvbv gyvnve-Dg|
1
weevn Aavq
461
hme bvixì weevn Kiv nvivg
gynviivgvZ
(h mKj bvixì weevn Kiv nvivg)
h ew Kvb gwnjvK weevn KiZ Pvq Zvi Rb kZ njv m

hb Zvi Kvb gynviivgvZ bvix bv nq|
gwnjvì gynviivgvZ `ycKvi:
1. wPivqx gynviivgvZ-Giv Avevi wZb cKvi:

(K) eski w`K _K gynviivgvZ:
Giv njv: gv, hZB Dcii nvK, gq hZB wbPi nvK,
mecKvi evb-mnvì, egvqv I ewcqv, Lvjv, dzd,z fvwZRx
Ges fvwMbx|
(L) bcvbi viv gynviivgvZ:
eski ii viv hgb gynviivgvZ mve nq Zgwb
bcvbi vivI gynviivgvZ mve nq| myZivs eski ii h
mKj gwnjv nvivg nq Abyic bcvbi vivI nvivg nq| wK `ya
fvBqi gv I `ya Qji evb bcvbi viv nvivg ne bv|
h `yacvbi viv gynviivgvZ mve nq Zv njv: wk Aevq
`yeQi eqmi ga cuvP I ZZvwaKevi Kvb bvixi `ya cvb
Kiv|
(M) eevwnKm~ gynviiivgvZ:
Giv njv: xi Avcb gv, wgjb nqQ Ggb xi Ab ^vgxi
Nii gq, evevi xMY I Qji x|
eski viv 7Rb gynviivgvZ I bcvbi viv Abyic 7Rb
Ges eevwnKm~ 4Rb| megvU 18Rb gynviivgvZ|
Avjvni evYx:
z y x w v u t sm
c b a ` _ ~ } | {
weevn Aavq
462
l k j i h g f e d
w v u t s r q p o n m
~ } | { z y x
:./ l
Zvgvì Rb nvivg Kiv nqQ Zvgvì gvZv, Zvgvì Kbv,

Zvgvì evb, Zvgvì dzd,z Zvgvì Lvjv, fvwZRx, fvwMbx,
Zvgvì m gvZv, hviv ZvgvìK bcvb KwiqQ, Zvgvì
`ya-evb, Zvgvì xì gvZv, Zvgiv hvì mv_ mnevm KiQ
m xì Kbv-hviv Zvgvì jvjb-cvjb AvQ| hw` Zvì
mv_ mnevm bv Ki _vK, Ze G weevn Zvgvì Kvb Mvbvn
bB| Zvgvì JilRvZ cyì x Ges `yB evb GK weevn
Kiv; wK hv AZxZ nq MQ| wbq Avjvn gvkxj, `qvjy|
[m~iv wbmv:23]
vqx gynviivgvZi KviY nQ: esk, bcvb I eevwnKm~|
eski viv nvivgi g~jbxwZ:
cyili eski mKj AvZxq Zvi cwZ nvivg wK PvPvi
gqiv, dzdzi gqiv, gvgvi gqiv Ges Lvjvi gqiv, Giv Pvi
cKvi Zvi Rb nvjvj|
2. wKQz mgqi Rb hvì m weevn nvivg Zviv njv:
(K) `y'evbK GK, dzdz I Zvi fvwZRxK GK, Lvjv I

fvwMbxK GK| PvB Giv eski nvK ev `yai nvK| hLb
GKRb gviv hve ev ZvjvK w`q wè ZLb AciRbK weevn Kiv
nvjvj nq hve|
(L) BZ cvjbKvwiYx: hZY m Zvi BZ _K ei bv ne|
(M) wZb ZvjvKcvv bvix: hZY m Ab ^vgx MnY Ki GK
Acii gay cvb bv Kie Ges ^Qvq ZvjvK ev gviv bv hve
ZZY ch c_g ^vgxi Rb nvjvj ne bv|
weevn Aavq
463
(N) nR ev Dgivi Bnivg Aevq, hZY nvjvj bv ne|

(O) gymwjg bvix Kvdi cyili Rb hZY m Bmjvg MnY bv
Kie|
(P) Bw` I Lxvb gwnjv Qvov Ab Kvb Kvdi bvix hZY m
Bmjvg MnY bv Ki ZZY Kvb gymwjgi Rb weq Kiv nvivg|
(Q) Abi x ev BZ cvjbKvwiYx gwnjv| wK hw` `vmxZ
cwiYZ nq Zvnj ZLb RvqR ne|
(R) ewfPvwiYx bvix I ewfPvix cyil GKRb Abi Rb nvivg
hZY m ZIev bv Ki Ges BZ kl bv nq|
Gme bvix wbwlZv `~i bv nIqv ch nvivg|
(S) Dfq wji LybQv (wnRov)K hZY ch Zvi welq my
bv nq|
Rbvi viv h gq nq ZvK weq Kiv nvivg| Abyic Rbvi
viv h Qj Zvi mv_ m gvi weqI nvivg|
Kvb `vm Zvi KxK weevn Kie bv Ges gwbe Zvi `vmxK
weq Kie bv; KviY m Zv Zvi `vmx wnme gvwjKvbvfy|
weevn viv hvi mv_ mnevm nvivg m `vmx wnme
gvwjKvbvfy njI nvivg| wK Bw`-Lxvb `vmx Qvov, ZvK
weevn Kiv RvqR bq| Ze `vmx wnme gvwjKvbvfy nIqvi
Rb mnevm Kiv RvqR| kwiqZ Kvb gwnjvK weevn A_ev
gvwjKvbvfy Qvov mnevm Kiv RvqR bB|
Dyj Iqvjvì weavb:
Dyj Iqvjv` mB `vmx h Zvi gvwjKi viv MfeZx nqQ
Ges evPv cme KiQ| Zvi m gvwjKi mnevm Kiv Ges Zvi
wL`gZ bIqv I ZvK `vmxi gZ fvov Ìqv RvqR| Ze ^vaxb
bvixi gZB ZvK wew, `vb I IqvKd Kiv RvqR bB| m GK
gvwmK BZ cvjb Kie hvi viv Zvi Rivqy cwivi cgvwYZ
ne|
weevn Aavq
464
AvKì wecixZ Ggb kZi weavb:

hw` x ev Zvi Awj kZ Ki h, ^vgx wZxq weevn Kie bv
A_ev Zvi Ni ev kni Ab wbq hve bv wKsev Zvi gvnivbv
evwoq wè BZvw` hv AvKì cwicx bq, Zvnj kZKiv
mnxn| AZGe, ^vgx m kZi Kvb wecixZ Kij x PvBj
weevn weQ` KiZ cvie|
nvivbv ^vgxi xi weavb:
hw` nvwiq hvIqv ewi x Ab weevn Ki Ges wZxq
^vgxi m mnevmi c~eB c_g ^vgx nvwRi nq, Zvnj m c_g
^vgxiB _vKe| Avi mnevmi ci nj wZxq ^vgxi ZvjvK QvovB
c_g ^vgx c~ei AvK` vivB MnY Kie| Ze BZ c~iY Kivi
ci Zvi mv_ wgjb Kie| Avi c_g ^vgx wZxq Rb _K Zvi
Ìqv gvnivbv wbq xK wZxq ^vgxi KvQ iLI w`Z cvi|
^vgx-xi Kvb GKRb ebvgvwR nj Zvi weevni weavb:
1. hw` ^vgx ebvgvwR nq Zvnj xi Rb Zvi mv_ Ni-msmvi
Kiv nvjvj bq| Avi ^vgxi cwZ Zvi mv_ mnevm Kiv nvivg;
KviY bvgvR ZvM Kiv Kzdwi| Avi Kvb Kvdii Rb Kvb
gymwjgv bvixi cwZ KZZ _vK bv| Avi hw` x bvgvR ZvMKvix
nq, Ze Avjvni wbKU ZIev bv Kij Zvi m mK wQb Kiv
IqvwRe; KviY m Kvdi bvix|
2. Avi hw` AvKì mgq ^vgx-xi KD bvgvwR bv nq, Ze
AvK` mnxn| wK hw` x bvgvwR nq Avi ^vgx ebvgvwR wKsev
^vgx bvgvwR Avi x ebvgvwR nq Ges AvK` nq _vK Zvnj
bZzb Ki weevni AvK` Kiv IqvwRe; KviY Zvì GKRb
AvKì mgq Kvdi wQj, Avi AvK` mnxn nIqvi Rb DfqK
gymwjg nIqv kZ|
Kvb gwnjvK Zvi evbi ivRqx ZvjvKi BZ cvjbKvj
weevn Kij weevn evwZj ne| Avi hw` ZvjvK evqbvi BZ
nq Ze weevn Kiv nvivg|
weevn Aavq
465
weevni kZvejx
weevn-kvw`Z kZvejx
weevni kZvjv `ycKvi:
c_g cKvi:
mwVK kZ hgb: gvni ewk nIqvi kZ Kiv A_ev x Zvi
wbRi knii evBi hve bv wKsev wZxq weevn Kie bv| A_ev
^vgx kZ Ki h, xK weK&i Z_v Kzgvix ev eski nZ ne|
wZxq cKvi:
evwZj kZvejx| Bnv Avevi `yB cKvi:
1. Ggb kZ hvi viv weevn evwZj nq hvq hgb:
1. wkMvi weevn cwZ:

MvwRqvbi gZv iqQ Ggb ew Zvi gq ev evb
BZvwì Ab Kviv mv_ weq wè G kZ h, m Zvi gq ev
evb BZvwì Zvi mv_ weq wè| G aiYi weq evwZj Ges
nvivg; PvB weqZ gvnivbv DjL nvK ev bv nvK|
hw` G aiYi weevn nq Zvnj wZxq Rbi kZ QvovB
cZKi weevn bevqb Kiv Riwi| Avi cZKi bZzb gvnivbv
avh KiZ: bZzb AvK` viv weevn c~Y ne hgb c~e ewYZ
nqQ| GZ ZvjvK Ìqvi cqvRb bB|
R R@0

a= > '@ K
= - '

. J1E9.= rg4
Beb Dgvi [] _K ewYZ im~jyjvn [] wkMvi weevn _K wbla

KiQb|1
2. wnjv weq:
wZb ZvjvKcvv bvixK G kZ weq Kiv h, hLb c_g ^vgxi
Rb m nvjvj nq hve, ZLb ZvK ZvjvK w`q wè| A_ev
1
weevn Aavq
466
weevni kZvejx
Ai nvjvj Kivi wbqZ AvKì c~e `yRb (c_g ^vgx I

nvjvjKvix) nvjvj Kivi cwZ BdvK nIqv|
G aiYi weq evwZj I nvivg| h Bnv Kie m gvjDb Z_v
Awfk; KviY bex [] ejb:
.lY9-E 7 7a> d-O>
. ) 2
' ( ) ]2
' (
;
Avjvn Zvqvjv nvjvjKvix I hvi Rb nvjvj Kiv nq DfqK

jvbvZ Z_v Awfkvc KiQb|1
3. gyZAv (mvMi) weq:
Bnv nQ GK w`b ev mvn wKsev gvm A_ev eQi ev Gi ekx
ev Kg mgqi Rb Kvb gwnjvi mv_ gvnivbv w`q G kZ AvK`
Kiv h, mgq kl njB ZvK ZvM Kie|
G aiYi weq evwZj RvqR bq; KviY Gi viv bvixi wZ
mvab ne Ges ZvK eemv mvgMxZ cwiYZ Kiv ne, hvi dj
GK nvZ _K Ab nvZ nvi Kiv ne|
G Qvov mvbivI wZM ne; KviY Zviv bv cve GKwU vqx
evmvb hLvb Zviv emevm Kie I ZiweqZ cve| Gi viv ay
hb Pvwn`v c~iY KivB Dk, bv ne esk ew Avi bv mvbì
ZviweqZ| gyZAv weevn Bmjvgi c_g hyM wKQz mgq ea wQj
Gici wPiZi nvivg Ki Ìqv nqQ|

@M%> % :
a= > g @ /
( : -

! 6
# 3 -F & ! f \W Sg
9
E' E B CD ,
0# > ,
8D & g0!
R'9 DYRO+( A R f ])U
( B \ i
@ 9 X & 8
' B f $ 9 P ( 3 a %
.S9 d-O>
. eq i
* a'E A
mveiv Avj-Rynvbx [] _K ewYZ im~jyjvn [] ejb: n gvbyl

mKj! Avwg ZvgvìK gyZAv weqi AbygwZ c`vb KiwQjvg|
1
.nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 2076 k ZviB, wZiwghx nvt bs 1119
weevn Aavq
467
weevni kZvejx
iY ivL! wbq Avjvn Zvqvjv Bnv wPiZi wKqvgZ ch nivg

Ki w`qQb| myZivs gyZAvi weqi KD Kviv wbKU _vKj
Zvi c_ hb myMg Ki `q| Avi hv ZvìK w`qQ Zvi Kvb
Ask MnY bv Ki|1
h ewi eb Pvi Rb x AvQ| Zvi Rb cg xi AvK`
mnxn ne bv Ges KijI weevn evwZj ej cgvwYZ ne I Zv
kl Kiv IqvwRe|
gymwjg bvixi mv_ Agymwjgi weevni weavb:
Agymwjgi mv_ gymwjgv bvixi weevn nvivg| PvB m Avnj
wKZve (Bw`-Lxvb) nvK ev Ab KD nvK; KviY gymwjgv bvix
ZvInx`, Cgvb Ges cweZvi w`K _K Zvi Pq DP ghvkxjv|
Avi hw` Gic weq nq hvq, Ze Zv evwZj Ges nvivg I weQ`
Kiv IqvwRe; KviY Kvb gymwjg cyil ev gymwjgv bvixi Dci
Kvb Kvdii gZvmxb nIqv Pje bv|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
onm l k j i h gfe d c bm

l o }| { z y x w v ut s r q p
:
Avi Zvgiv gykiK bvixìK weq Kiv bv, hZY bv Zviv

Cgvb MnY Ki| Aek gymjgvb xZ`vmx gykiK bvix Acv
Dg, hwÌ ZvìK Zvgvì KvQ fvjv jvM| Avi Zvgiv
(gymwjgv bvixK) Kvb gykiKi m weevn eb Ave Ki bv,
h ch m Cgvb bv Avb| GKRb gymjgvb xZ`vmI GKRb
gykiKi Zzjbvq AbK fvj, hwÌ Zvgiv ZvìK `L gvwnZ
nI| [m~iv evKviv:221]
.gymwjg nvt bs 1406
weevn Aavq
468
weevni kZvejx
2. Ggb evwZj kZvejx hvi viv weevni AvK&` evwZj nq

bv hgb :
1. hw` ^vgx weevni AvK` bvixi Kvb AwaKvi iwnZ Ki hgb:
kZ Ki h, Zvi Kvb gvnivbv bB A_ev Zvi fiY-cvlb bB
wKsev Zvi Rb mZxbi Pq Kg ev ekx eb Kie| A_ev x
kZ Ki Zvi mZxbi ZvjvKi Ggb Aevq weevn mnxn ne Ze
kZ evwZj nq hve|
2. hw` ^vgx kZ Ki xK gymwjgv bvix nZ ne wK Rvbv Mj
h m wKZvweqv Z_v Bw` ev Lxvb| A_ev kZ KiwQj h Kzgvix
nZ ne wK weevwnZv cgvwYZ njv, wKsev kZ Ki wQj `vlwU gy ne wK `vl aiv coj hgb: A ev evev BZvw` hv
DjL Ki wQj Zvi wecixZ, Ze weevn mnxn wK ^vgx PvBj
weevn weQ` KiZ cvie|
3. hw` ^vaxb ej weq Ki Avi cgvwYZ nq h `vmx, Ze ^vgxi
Rb GLwZqvi iqQ, hw` `vmx Zvì Afy nq h Zvi Rb
nvjvj| Avi hw` Kvb bvix ^vaxb cyilK weq Ki Avi cgvwYZ
nq h, m `vm, Zvnj gwnjvi Rb GLwZqvi iqQ Zvi m
weevn eb _vKv A_ev weQ` Kiv|
weevn Aavq
469
weevni gvSi `vl-wU
weevni gvSi `vl-wU

weevni gai `vl-wU `ycKvi:
1. Ggb wU hvi dj wgjb evav mw Ki| hgb :cyili wj
KvUv, AKvl KvUv I hb AgZv Ges bvixi hvbx c_ e, AvuU
I Mfvkq sk (Prolapse) nIqv|
2. Ggb `vl-wU hv wgjbi ZwZ evav `q bv wK NYv mw
Ki wKsev cyil ev bvixi gvS msgY Ki| hgb : kZKz I
KzivM, cvMjvwg, MvìvM, AkivM (Piles) fMì ivM (Fistula)
I hvwbZ cgn ivM BZvw`|
hw` x ^vgxK c~Y wj KvUv cvq A_ev GZUzKz wj evwK _vK
hv viv wgjb Ame Ze x weevn weQ` KiZ cvie| Avi
hw` AvKì c~eB Rvb Ges gb bq A_ev mnevmi ci
gb bq, Zvnj xi weevn weQì nK iwnZ nq hve|
Ggb cwZwU `vl-wU hv ^vgx-xi ga NYv Rbvq hgb :
KzivM, evev, hvwbZ wU, cgn, cvMjvwg, MvìvM,
ckve Siv, AKvl KvUv, hvivM, `yMc~Y gyL, Lvivc M
BZvw`| Gme cj ^vgx-xi cZKi Rb PvBj weevn
weQ` KiZ cvie| Avi h wU gb wbe Ges AvK&`
Kie Zvi Rb weQì GLwZqvi _vKe bv| wK hw` wU
AvKì ci NU Ze cZKi weevn weQì GLwZqvi
_vKe|
c~e DjwLZ I Gic Kvb wUi Rb mnevmi c~e weevn
weQ` nj x gvnivbv cve bv| wK hw` weQ` wgjbi
ci nq Zvnj wbKvn bvgvq DjwLZ gvnivbv cve| Avi
^vgx h ZvK auvKv w`qQ Zvi _K gvnivbv MnY Kie|
A bcysmK-wnRovi evcvi my bv nIqv ch weevn
mnxn ne bv|
weevn Aavq
470
weevni gvSi `vl-wU
^vgx hw` ev cgvwYZ nq Ze xi Rb weevn weQ` Kiv

ev bv Kivi GLwZqvi AvQ; KviY Zvi mvbi AwaKvi iqQ|
hb Ag: h xi hvwbZ wj cek KivZ Ag| h
gwnjv Zvi ^vgxK hb Ag cve Zvi wePvi dqmvjvi ci GK
eQi mgq Ìqv ne| hw` Gi ga wgjb KiZ cvi Zv fvj
Avi hw` bv cvi Ze xi Rb weQ` Kiv ea| Avi hw` evmi
Nii c~e ev ci x hb Ag ^vgxK gb bq Ze Zvi
GLwZqvi iwnZ nq hve|
weevn Aavq
471
Kvdiì mv_ weevni
Kvdiì mv_ weevn

Avnj wKZvei (Bw`-Lxvb) gqìK weevn Kivi weavb
gymwjgv gqì weevni weavbi bvq| gvnivbv, fiY-cvlY
IqvwRe Ges ZvjvK BZvw` eZve| gymwjgvK weevni viv h
mKj bvix Avgvì cwZ nvivg nq Zvì Abyic bvixivI
nvivg ne|
Kvdiì evwZj weevn eb wVK _vKe `ykZ:
1. Zviv hb Zvì xb m weevnK mnxn ej AvKx`v cvlY
Ki|
2. Avgvì wbKU hb dqmvjvi Rb bv Avm| hw` dqmvjvi
Rb Avgvì KvQ Avm, Zvnj Avjvn Zvqvjv hv Avgvì
cwZ bvwRj KiQb Zv viv dqmvjv KiZ ne|
Kvdiì weevni AvKì cwZ:
hw` Zviv AvKì c~e Avgvì wbKU Avm Ze Avgvì
weavb gvZveK AvK` Ki wè| BRve, Keyj, Awj Ges Avgvì
_K `yRb bvqcivqY mvx viv weevn m~Y Ki wè| Avi hw`
AvKì ci Avm Ze gwnjv weqi wblavvgy nj weevnK
^xKvi Ki wbe| Avi hw` gwnjv wblavvgy bv nq Ze `yRbi
gvS weQ` Ki wè|
Kvdi gwnjvi gvnivbv:
hw` gvnivbv DjL Kiv nq Ges MnY Ki bq Zvnj
gvnivbv mwVK wRwbm nvK ev evwZj nvK ZvB iq hve| hgb :
gvnivbv g` ev k~Ki| Avi hw` MnY bv Ki _vK Ze mnxn nj
MnY Kie| Avi hw` gvnivbv evwZj wRwbm nq ev wbaviY Kiv bv
nq, Ze Zvi Rb mnxn wRwbm nZ gni wgwQj wbavwiZ ne|
hw` ^vgx-x `yRb GK mv_ Bmjvg MnY Ki A_ev x
Avnj wKZve nq, Ze Zvì AvMi weevni DciB evwK
_vKe|
weevn Aavq
472
Kvdiì mv_ weevni
hw` ^vgx Bmjvg MnY Ki Avi x Avnj wKZvei bv nq Ges

evmi NiI bv nq Ze weevn evwZj nq hve|
hw` Kvdi x Kvdi ^vgxi mv_ evmi Ni nIqvi c~eB
Bmjvg MnY Ki Zvnj weevn evwZj nq hve; KviY gymwjgv
bvix Kvdi cyili Rb nvjvj bq|
Kvdi ^vgx-xi `yRbi Kvb GKRb Bmjvg MnY Kij Zvi
weavb:
hLb Kvdi ^vgx-xi `yRbi Kvb GKRb wgjb nIqvi ci
Bmjvg MnY Kie ZLb weevn wMZ _vKe| ^vgx Bmjvg MnY
Kij hw` x Zvi BZi gaB Bmjvg MnY Ki, Ze m Zvi
xB _K hve| Avi hw` x Bmjvg MnY Ki Ges Zvi BZ kl
nq hvq Avi ^vgx Bmjvg MnY bv Ki, Ze xi Rb Ab ^vgxK
weevn Kiv RvqR| Avi hw` x AvMi ^vgxK fvjvevm Zvnj
Acv Kie| hw` ^vgx Bmjvg MnY Ki Ze m Zvi xB iq
hve, bZzb Ki AvK`, weevn I gvnivbvi cqvRb ne bv| wK
x ^vgxK Bmjvg MnY Kivi c~e gyn~Z ch Zvi m wgjbi
myhvM wè bv|
^vgx-xi Kvb GKRb gyiZv` nq Mj Zvì weevni weavb:
hLb ^vgx-x Dfq ev GKRb gyivZv` (xb ZvMKvix) nq
hve, hw` wgjbi c~e nq Ze weevn evwZj| Avi hw` wgjbi
ci nq, Ze BZ kl nIqvi Dci wMZ _vKe| hw` h
gyiZv` nqQ m ZIev Ki Zvnj `yRbB AvMi weevni
DciB AUj _vKe| Avi hw` ZIev bv Ki Ze gyiZv` nIqvi
mgq _K BZ kl weevn weQ` nq hve|
^vgx Bmjvg MnY Kij Zvi Aevmg~n:
1. hw` ^vgx Bmjvg MnY Ki Avi x Avnj wKZvei nq Ze
weevn evwK _vKe| Avi hw` x Avnj wKZvei bv Ggb Kvdi
bvix nq, Ze Bmjvg MnY Kij fvj, Avi bv nq Zvi _K
weQ` nq hve|
weevn Aavq
473
Kvdiì mv_ weevni
2. hw` Kvdi Bmjvg MnY Ki Avi Zvi eb Pvi Rbi AwaK

x _vK Ges ZvivI Bmjvg MnY Ki A_ev Zviv Avnj wKZvei
nq, Ze Zvì gvSi Pvi RbK GLwZqvi Kie Avi evwKì
_K c_K nq hve|
3. hw` Kvdi Bmjvg MnY Ki Avi Zvi eb `y'evb _vK, Ze
h Kvb GKRbK GLwZqvi Kie| Avi hw` dzdz I fvwZRx wKsev
Lvjv I fvwMbxK GK m weevn Ki _vK, Ze h Kvb
GKRbK GLwZqvi Kie| Avi h KD Bmjvg MnY Kie Zvi
cwZ Bmjvgi weevn I Abvb weavb chvR ne|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
k j i h g f e d c b a ` _m
: &2
l l
Avi h Bmjvg Qvov Ab Kvb xb Zvjvk Kie Zv Zvi _K

Keyj Kiv ne bv| Avi m ciKvj wZMì `j Afy
ne| [m~iv Avj Bgivb: 85]
weevn Aavq
474
weevni gvnivbv
weevni gvnivbv
gvnivbv: weevni AvKì Rb ^vgxi cwZ diR wewbgq|
gvnivbvi m~ eyS:
Bmjvg bvix RvwZi ghv`v mgybZ KiQ| ZvìK gvwjKvbv
nIqvi AwaKvi c`vb KiQ| Avi weevni mgq Zvì Rb
gvnivbvK diR Ki w`qQ| gvnivbv Zvi AwaKvi wnmve
wbw` KiQ hv viv cyil ZvK mvwbZ Ki| Bnv viv Zvi
Ai c~Y fvjvevmv I ghv`vi ewn:cKvk Ges Zvi _K Zw
jvfi e`jv| G viv Zvi gb Lykx nq Ges Zvi cwZ cyili
KZZi Dci mw ARb Ki|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
l ~ } | { z y x wvu t sm
:./
Avi Zvgiv xìK Zvì gvnivbv w`q `vI Lykxgb| Zviv

hw` Lykx nq Zv _K Kvb Ask Qo `q, Ze Zv Zvgiv
^vQ` fvM Ki| [m~iv wbmv:4]
bvixK gvnivbv Ìqvi weavb:
gvnivbv bvixi nK-AwaKvi hv cyilK Zvi v nvjvj Kivi
Rb c`vb Kiv Zvi cwZ diR| Avi Zvi mw Qvov Zv nZ Kvb
Ask bIqv Kviv Rb nvjvj bq| Zvi wZ bv nj Ges cqvRb
bv _vKj aygv evevi Rb gvnivbv _K MnY Kiv RvqR hwÌ
m AbygwZ bv `q|
gwnjvì gvnivbvi cwigvY:
1. gwnjvì gvnivbv Kg I mnR nIqvUvB mybZ| mevg gni
njv hv Avmvb I Av`vq mnR| Avi ekx gni KLbv ^vgx xi
cwZ ivMvw^Z nIqvi KviYI nZ cvi| gni AcPq I Anvii
mxgv ch cuQj Ges FYi evSvq ^vgxi Nvo fvwi nj nvivg|
weevn Aavq
475
weevni gvnivbv

g
5 $ 4
_ ,
(+ : 0>
' F - &
$ ' >

R8 :,
R c
a=
&
8 8
: ,
( D : c M 9 l =& A> :,
40 $e D> : - 4
E w d 5 + D &

R a=
&
Y@ B * = 7 $ _9 Q
' O 6
( EB $. D> t
u
0 : ,
.
.S9 d-O>
. d 5 +
Avey mvjvgv Beb Avyi ingvb [] nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb: Avwg
bex []-Gi x Avqkv (iv:)K wRvmv Kwi| Avjvni im~ji
gvnivbv KZ wQj ? wZwb (iv:) ejb: im~jyjvn []-Gi xMYi
gvnivbv wQj mvo evi DwKqv| ---- hvi cwigvY njv cuvPkZ
wìnvg| Avi Bnv njv im~jyjvn []-Gi weweMYi gvnivbv|1
2. bex []-Gi xMYi gvnivbv wQj cuvPkZ wìnvg AvRKi
w`b (131 fwi-Zvjv Z_v 1527.46 Mvg icv) Avi Zuvi gqì
gvnivbv wQj PvikZ wìnvg (105 fwi-Zvjv Z_v 1224.3 Mvg
icv) Avgvì Rb im~jyjvn []-Gi gvSB iqQ mevg bygbv
I Av`k|
gvnivbvi cKvi:
h mKj wRwbmi g~j iqQ Zv gvnivbv avh Kiv mnxn,
hwÌ cwigvY Kg nvK bv Kb| gnii ekxi Kvb mxgv wbaviY
Kiv bB| hw` ^vgx Mwie nq Ze xi gni Kvb DcKvix wRwbm
KiZ cvi| hgb : KziAvb wkv A_ev wL`gZ BZvw`| cyil
Zvi `vmxK AvRv` Ki ZvB gni wbaviY KiZ cvi Ges `vmx
xZ cwiYZ ne|
gvnivbv Ìqvi mgq:
gvnivbv bM` KivB Dg| wK evwK KivI RvqR AvQ|
A_ev wKQz bM` Avi wKQz evwK KivI RvqR| Avi hw` AvKì
mgq gvnivbv cwikva bv Ki _vK Ze weevn mnxn nq hve|
1
.gymwjg nvt bs 1426
weevn Aavq
476
weevni gvnivbv
wK xi Rb gni wgwQj IqvwRe nq hve| Avi hw` ^vgx-x

Dfq Ai Dci HKgZ mw wP cuQ hvq Ze mnxn nq
hve|
hw` KD Zvi gqi weevn gni wgwQj ev Zvi Pq Kg wKsev
ekx viv `q Ze weevn mnxn nq hve| bvix AvKì viv
gvnivbvi gvwjK nq Ges gni c~YZv jvf Ki wgjb I ^vgxi
m wbRb nj|
gvnivbv wbaviYi c~e ^vgx gviv Mj Zvi weavb:
AvKì ci Ges wgjbi c~e ^vgx gviv Mj Avi gni
wbaviY bv nj xi Rb Zvi eski gwnjvì gni wgwQj Z_v
mgcwigvY gni cve| Avi Zvi cwZ BZ cvjb Kiv IqvwRe Ges
wgivm (Iqvwiwm mwZ) cve|
evwZj weevni viv wgjb nj hgb: cgv x, BZ
cvjbKvwiYx I m`n g~jK mnevmKZv BZvwì gni wgwQj
diR|
^vgx-xi ga gnii cwigvY ev e wbq gZ cv_K nj
njd Ki ^vgxi K_vq MnYhvM ne| Avi hw` gni MnY Kiv
wbq `yRb gvS wgZ nq, Ze Kviv cgvY bv _vKj xi
K_vq MnYhvM ej weewPZ ne|
weevn Aavq
477
weevni cPvi
weevni cPvi
1. weevni cPvi Kiv mybZ| gwnjvì Rb weevn Abyvb aygv
`yd evwRq cPvi Kiv RvqR| Avi H mKj ea Mvb MvIqv
RvqR hv m`h I AvKlYxq Ai eYvbv Ges evR I bvsiv
BZvw` nZ m~Y gy|
MR P B f= u
0[
9 ) d = ! :e >- 9 ( ,
B5 @ 0> @ ` K= $ 4
_

Rd-O>
. a R@ @ R /; % = u0+( T B a^ @ CD ; 9 8 9 $D 4

_ % :
.l=U
Avqkv [iv:] _K ewYZ| wZwb GK gwnjvK GKRb Avbmvix

cyili wbKU evmi Nii eev Kib| G mgq bex []
ejb:Avqkv Gì mv_ Kvb Ljv-ayjv bvB; KviY
AvbmviìK Ljv-ayjv fvj jvM|1
2. weevn I Abvb Abyvb bvix-cyili Aeva gjvgkv nvivg|
Avi c`vnxb I Abvb bvixì gvS eii Rb Kbi wbKU cek
Kiv RvqR bB|
3. weevn I Abvb Abyvb Lvbvwcbv I cvkvK BZvw`Z Aceq
Kiv nvivg|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
P O N ML K J I H G F E D C B I
.[/ ./ ] H
RQ
n ewb Av`g! Zvgiv cZK mvjvZi mgq mvRmv cwiavb

Ki bvILvI I cvb Ki Ges Aceq Kiv bv| wbq wZwb
AceqKvixìK cQ` Kib bv| [m~iv Avivd: 31]
1
weevn Aavq
478
weevni cPvi
4. h mKj Mvb bvixì AvKlYxq A I Zvì Abyf~wZi eYbv

Kiv nq Zv RvqR bq| Avi Lj-Zvgvkvi ev`h hgb :exYv,
wMUvi, nvigvwbqvg, euvkx I mxZ BZvw` weevn I Abvb Abyvb
eenvi Kiv nvivg| weevn ev Ab Kvb Abyvb MvqK I
MvwqKvìK Mvb MvIqvi Rb fvov Kiv nvivg|
:aRDP% R R
k ' 0> l-;i -9 >

Rd- O >
. 5 R;' ( -'U
( -% -2
( - 2
( a2
ES
% 3 a( > E9>D
9
0aDC
.7 7a> P;9 l= U(
Avey Avgi Avj-AvkAvix [] nZ ewYZ, wZwb im~jyjvn []K

ejZ bQb: Avgvi DZi ga Ggb RvwZ ne hviv Rbv,
ikgx Kvco, g` I ev`hK nvjvj Ki wbe|1
weevn I Abvb mgq Qwe Zvjvi weavb:
1. cwZwU AvZv wewk wRwbmi Qwe Zvjv nvivg I Kweiv bvn|
Qwe AvKwZ wewk nvK ev bv nvK, Qvqv _vK ev bv _vK, nvZ viv
Kiv nvK ev dUvMvwd viv nvK mecKvi Qwe `qvj jUKvbvSyjvbv nvivg| Avi AwZ cqvRb hgb: wPwKrmv, Acivwaì
cwiPq, cvmcvU, mvwUwdwKU BZvw` Qvov Qwe Zvjv RvqR bq,
Ze AwZ cqvRb RvqR AvQ|
2. weevn Abyvb bvixì nvK ev cyili wKsev Dfqi Qwe
Zvjv m~Y fve nvivg| Avi Zvi Pq KwVb fve nvivg I wbK
hw` wfwWI Qwe Kiv nq| Avi Gi PqI RNb hw` evRvi wew
Kiv nq Ges gvbyli wbKU c`kbx Kiv nq| Avi h gvbyli Rb
Qwe Zvjv RvqR KiQ Zvi cwZ wbRi cvc I hviv wKqvgZ
ch G KvR Kie Zvì cvc eZve|
. nv`xmwU mnxn, eyLvix gyqvjvK wnmve nvt bs 5590 k ZviB wmjwmjv mnxnv `t nv
bs 91 Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 4039
weevn Aavq
479
weevni cPvi
R R

a= > '@ K
= - '
&

R9 aF > @ D P% $ 9 P ( 3 a % aY; % = a Mu X Y * a;u
%
%Y ! :
. J1E9
. EP( O
Avyjvn Beb Dgvi [] KZK ewYZ, im~jyjvn [] ejQb:

wbqB hviv G mKj Qwe Zix Ki ZvìK wKqvgZi w`b kvw
Ìqv ne| ZvìK ejv ne: hv Zvgiv mw KiwQj Zv wR`v
Ki|1
hv bvixì Rb Kiv nvivg:
gwnjvì cwZ nvivg njv PvLi fyi DVvbv, gv_vq Kwg
Kk civ, Abi Pzj wgjvbv, kixi DjwK wP Kiv, ùvZi gvS
KU duvK Kiv, ùvZ KU ZxKiY. cyili m bvPv, Pwjk
w`bi ekx ch Avyji bL bv KU j^v Kiv, hv cKwZ ^fvei
wecixZ KvR| cyili cvkvKi bvq h Kvb cvkvK cwiavb
Kiv, Anvi I LvwZi cvkvK civ, hvi ga AcPq iqQ,
ec`vq Nyivwdiv Kiv, AcqvRb Dj nIqv, wewfb Dcj
cyilì mv_ Aeva gjvgkv Kiv|
hv cyil I bvixi Rb RvqR:
1. hw` `ni Kvb wZ Ges bvixì m`k Dk bv nq Ze
cyili Rb Zvi kixii hgb : wcV, eyK, cvqi bjv I Eii
jvg DVvbv RvqR|
2. gwnjvì Rb ^Y I ikgx cvkvK civ RvqR Avi cyilì
Rb nvivg| Avi cvwb cuQZ evav `q bv Ggb bBj cvwjk
eenvi bvixì Rb RvqR hgb: gnw` BZvw`| Abyic
Pnvivq h_v vb bv Ggb jvg MRvj Zv DVvb RvqR|
Kvdi bvixì m`k AbymiY Kiv nvivg; KviY h RvwZ hvì
m`k Ki m ZvìB Afy nq|
1
weevn Aavq
480
weevni cPvi
Kvdi bvixì mv_ gwnjvì m`k Kivi weavb:

gwnjvì Rb cU civ bvRvqR hwÌ gwnjvì mvgb
nvK bv Kb; KviY Gi viv kixii wevwiZ eYbv cKvk cvq|
Aviv KviY nQ Gi viv cyil I Kvdi bvixì mv_ m`k nq|
bvixi cwZ Aviv nvivg nQ gv_vi Pzj Kwg jvj wKsev njy`
A_ev wbj i viv LRve-Kjc Kiv; KviY Gi viv Kvdi
bvixì mv_ m`k Ges drbv mw nq| Avi cvKv Pzj gnw` I
KvZvg Nvm viv LRve jvMvbv mybZ| Avi Pzji Avmj iO Kvjv
ev njy`K m iOi iO viv Kjc Kiv RvqR|
nvB wnj wewk RyZv-mj civ nvivg; Bnv ec`vi kvwgj hv
_K Avjvn Zvqvjv wbla KiQb| gwnjvìK PvL `Lv hvq
Ggb bKve ciZ wbla KiZ ne; KviY Gi viv ekx Ki
PvL ei Ki ivLvi ìRv Lyj hve| AvRKvj ve h me `Lv
hvQ m~Yfve bvRvqR|
weevn Aavq
481
weevni Awjgv
weevni Awjgv
weevni Awjgv:
^vgx-xi GK nIqvi Rb ei ci AvqvwRZ wekl
fvRi AbyvbK Awjgv ej|
Awjgvi mgq:
AvK` nIqvi mgq ev ci wKsev evmi Nii mgq A_ev ci|
Bnv gvbyli c_v I ixwZ gvZveK iv ev w`b ne|
Awjgvi weavb:
1. ^vgxi cwZ Awjgv Kiv IqvwRe| abx-Mwiei Aev eyS GKwU
ev Zvi ekx `y^v-Lvwk viv Awjgv Kiv mybZ| Awjgv I Abvb
Abyvb Aceq Kiv nvivg|
2. Awjgvi fvR Abyvb Mwie nvK ev abx nvK mr ewì
`vIqvZ KiZ ne| Awjgv h Kvb nvjvj Lv` viv Kiv
RvqR| Mwie-wgmwKbì `vIqvZ bv Ki aygv abxì
`vIqvZ Kiv nvivg|
3. abevb I ^Q ewì wbRì m` viv weevni Awjgvq
kwiK nIqv gyvnve|
Awjgvi `vIqvZ MnY Kivi weavb:
Awjgvi `vIqvZKvix hw` gymwjg nq, `vIqvZ wbw` Ki `q,
c_g w`b nq Ges Kvb Zvi IRi bv _vK I Ggb Kvb kwiqZ
weivax KvR-Kg bv nq hv cwieZb KiZ Ag, Ze `vIqvZ
MnY Kiv IqvwRe|
R7 #! : R
D a= : : - %- * >

Rd-O>
. ; N( ( B x-N 1( 9 8 ( ! f ])u

( B x'_ 8 ( T B f s
/
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Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [] ejQb:

hw` Zvgvì KD (Awjgvi) `vIqvZ AvgwZ nq, Ze m hb
weevn Aavq
482
weevni Awjgv
Zv MnY Ki| Avi hw` ivRv`vi nq Ze hb Zvi Rb `vqv

Ki| Avi ivRv`vi bv nj Lvbv Lve|1
Awjgvi Avgb DcwZ ew wK eje:
h ew Awjgvi `vIqvZ MnY Kie Ges Avgb DcwZ
ne Zvi Rb gyvnve njv, cvbvnvi kl bex [] nZ cgvwYZ
`vqvmg~n viv gRevbi Rb `vqv Kiv hgb:
.lY9-E d-O>
. @ ' F = f @ - 1 ?( f @ E( 5 = 'B @ = @
1. Avjvv evvwiK jvg dxgvv iRvKZvg, IqvMwdi jvg

Iqvinvgg|2
.S9 d-O> 0P

9 J > f ' ; h( >
9 ; h( > @
2. Avjvv AvZBg gvb AvZAvgvbx IqmwK gvb mvKbx| 3
.$D C _' ( CD ,

f= -+( CD 9 ;h ) 8 > f a'_u 8D & - N B( >
.d9
7 7a> d-O>
3. AvdZviv B`vKzgym mBg~b, Iqv AvKvjv ZAvvgvKzgj

y
4
Aveivvi, Iqv mjvZ AvjvBKzgyj gvjvvBKvn&|
evmi Nii ivwi mKvj eii evoxZ h mKj AvZxq-^Rb
Avme Zvì mv_ eii mvvr Kiv, Zvì cwZ mvjvg `qv
Ges Zvì Rb `vqv Kiv gyvnve| Avi AvZxq-^RbI Zvi
cwZ mvjvg wè Ges Zvi Rb `vqv Kie|
Awjgvi Lvbv LvIqvi weavb:
Awjgvi Lvbv LvIqv gyvnve IqvwRe bq| hvi ivRv IqvwRe
m nvwRi ne Ges `vqv w`q wdi Avme| Avi hvi ivRv bdj
1

. wZiwghx nvt bs 3500 gngvbi `vqvi Aavq
3
.gymwjg nvt bs 2055
4
.nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 3854 k ZviB, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 1747
2
483
weevn Aavq
weevni Awjgv
m DcwZ nj ivRv f `qv gyvnve; KviY Gi viv gymwjg

fvBqi gb mvbv Ges Avb` jvf Ki|
hLb Kvb gymwjg Kvb RbMvwi wbKU cek Kie ZLb
ZvìK mvjvg wè Ges gRwjmi hLvb vb cve
mLvbB eme| Avi gRwjm _K ei nZ PvBj mvjvg
wè|
h Awjgv Abyvb kwiqZ weivwa Kvhvw` nq mLvb nvwRi
nIqvi weavb:
hw` RvbZ cvi h Awjgv Abyvb kwiqZ weivax KvR-Kg
NUQ Avi Zv cwieZb KiZ cvie, Ze nvwRi nq Zv `~i
Kie| Avi hw` `~i Kivi gZv bv _vK Ze nvwRi nIqv Riwi
bq| Avi hw` nvwRi nq RvbZ cvi Ze `~i Kie, Avi bv
cvij wdi Avme| Avi hw` RvbZ cvi MwnZ KvR nQ wK
`LZ bv cvq A_ev bZ cvq Ze mLvb _vKv ev wdi Pj
Avmvi ga Zvi GLwZqvi iqQ|
hw` Kvb bvixK `L fvj jvM Ze wK Kie:
s
%5 A>- 9 A+B :e >- 9 >=
a= > - d

: >- R'( ! : PB 2
> !
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; ' A *
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+( ( B
Rvei Beb Avyjvn [] nZ ewYZ, im~jyjvn [] GKRb

gwnjvK `Ljb| AZ:ci wZwb Zuvi x Rqbvei wbKU Avmjb
ZLb wZwb (iv:) Zvi GKwU Pvgov cvKv Kivi Rb
KPjvZwQjb| im~jyjvn [] Zuvi Pvwn`v c~iY Kijb| AZ:ci
Zuvi mvnvev Kivgi wbKU ei nq ejjb: wbq bvix kqZvbi
AvKwZZ GwMq Avm Ges kqZvbi myiZB cvZ wdi hvq|
weevn Aavq
484
weevni Awjgv
GZGe, Zvgì KD Kvb bvixK `Lj m hb Zvi xi

wbKU Avm; KviY Gi viv Zvi gbi me Pvwn`v `~i nq hve|1
mv I wevbK Lv` viv mvwbZ Kiv:

a= Ml& S &. >D a> 7 : &. ;
) @

)V @ R
-; ( * @ 9 7 O Y. q9a % A>- 9 ,
08 f - B
)
9 L
. -' A ,
; P 0> c
a= ,
P 9 =& A
. J1E9
.X %! E P ) 8 > ' B
mvnj Beb mv` [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb: Avey DmvB` AvmmvC`x [] im~jyjvn []K Zvi Awjgv Abyvb Avgb Kib|
mw`b Zvi x beea~ Zvì wL`gZ Avvg `q| mvnj ejb: Rvb
m beea~ im~jyjvn []K wK cvb KwiqwQj? m ivwZ LRyi
wfwRq iLwQj| hLb wZwb []Ljb ZLb m ZuvK m LRyi
wfRvbv cvwbI cvb Kivj|2

weevn Aavq
485
^vgx-xi AwaKvi
^vgx-xi AwaKvi
weevni wKQz Avè iqQ Ges `yci GK Acii cwZ wKQz
AwaKvi iqQ: cZK Abi AwaKvi Av`vq Kie Ges Zvi
cwZ KiYxq wK m evcvi `w ivLe; hvZ Ki MVb nq myLx
msmvi I cwiQb R`Mx Ges Avb`gq cwievi|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
l u t s r qp o n ml k j i hm
:
Avi cyilì hgb xì Dci AwaKvi iqQ, Zgwb fve

xìI AwaKvi iqQ cyilì Dci Dg wbqg Abyhvqx| Avi
bvixì Dci cyilì kZ iqQ| Avjvn civgkvjx,
gnvwe| [m~iv evKviv:228]
^vgxi Dci xi AwaKvimg~n:
1. ^vgxi cwZ IqvwRe njv x I mvbì fiY-cvlY Kiv Ges
wbqg Abyhvqx e I evmvbi eev Kiv| Lvk gbi _vKv, fvj
eenvi Kiv, myì mx nIqv| xi mv_ webq, `qv I cdzjwP
gjvgkv Kiv| hw` ivM Ki Ze ahi cwiPq `qv Ges Am
nj Lykx Kivi Pv Kiv| xi c nZ Kvb cKvi K cj mn
Kiv| Amy nj wPwKrmvi evcvi iZ `qv| evoxi KvR ZvK
mvnvh Kiv| IqvwRemg~n Av`vq Ges nvivgmg~n ZvM KiZ
wb`k Kiv| xb bv Rvbj A_ev iZ bv w`j ZvK wkv
Ìqv| Avi mvai Dci Kvb KvRi evS bv Pvcvbv| nvjvj I
RvqR Kvb wRwbm PvBj Ges meci nj Zv nZ ewZ bv
Kiv| xi cwievii jvKRbi mvb iv Kiv Ges Zvì m
mK ivLZ wbla bv Kiv|
weevn Aavq
486
^vgx-xi AwaKvi
2. ^vgxi Rb x _K ea h Kvb Zw ARb Ges fvM Kiv, h

Kvb mgq I h Kvb Aevq RvqR| wK mfvM xi Kvb
wZ nj ev Kvb diR _K weiZ ivLj RvqR bq|
3. wbR hLb hv Lve xKI Zv LvIqve Ges hLb hv cie
xKI Abyic gvbi cive| Avi Pnvivq gviai Kie bv Ges
KzrwmZ eYbv, wZivi I NYv Kie bv Ges aygv weQvbvq Qvov
Ab Kvb fve ZvM Kie bv|
:

D a= : K
= : - %- * >

k Rg RB \v i
a > ! f k K

9 ,
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aRa E B f
a R> ( b R% R E8( - A ( ! f A- S
8 ' PA ,
* # ( T B fX >
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.\W Sg

Zvgiv bvixìK m`yc`k wè; KviY Zviv cuvRii euvKv nvo
_K mw| Avi cuvRii mePq euvKv nvo nQ Dcii nvo|
AZGe, hw` Zzwg ZvK mvRv KiZ PvI Ze f dje| Avi
hw` GKevi Qo `vI Ze euvKv nZB _vKe| myZivs,
bvixìK m`cy`k wè|1
xi cwZ ^vgxi AwaKvimg~n:
xi KiYxq nQ ^vgxi wL`gZ Kiv, Zvi Ni cwicvwU I
cwivi-cwiQb ivLv, evox cwiPvjbv Kiv, mvbì ZviweqZcwZcvjb Kiv, Zvi KjvY Kvgbv Kiv| wbRi evcvi ^vgxi
ghv`v I m` I evox iv Kiv| me`v cdzj I nvwm gyL mvvr
Kiv| Zvi Rb mvRMvR Kiv| mvb I kv Ges myìfve
gjvgkv Kiv| ^vgxi Rb Avivg-wekvgi DcKiYvw` cZ Ki
ivLv| ^vgxi Ai ckvw `vb Kiv hvZ Ki evoxZ myL I
Avb` DcfvM KiZ cvi|
1
.eyLvix nvr bs 5186 k ZviB gymwjg nvt bs 1468
weevn Aavq
487
^vgx-xi AwaKvi
Avjvni bvdigvwb bv Ggb KvR Zvi AvbyMZ Kiv| Avi hv viv

ivM nq Ggb KvR cwiZvM Kiv| AbygwZ Qvov evoxi evBi Pve
bv| Zvi Kvb Mvcb inm cKvk Kie bv| AbygwZ ewZiK
Zvi m` Kvb cKvi nc Kie bv| hvK cQ` Ki m
Qvov Avi KvDK evoxZ cek Kive bv| Zvi cwievii gvbmvb iv Kiv Ges Amy ev AcviM Aevq meci ZvK mvnvh
Kiv|
Gi viv my nq Mj h, GKRb bvix Zvi ^vgxi evoxZ I
Zvi mgvR, hgb iZcY~ Kvhvwì Avvg `q, hv cyili
evoxi evBii Kvhvwì PvBZ Kvb w`K _K Kg iZcY~
bq| AZGe, hviv bvixìK evox _K I Zvi Kgj nZ
ei KiZ Pvq Ges cyilì KvR Ask MnY KivZ I Zvì
m Aveva gjvgkv Ki wfo RgvZ Pvq, Zviv xb I
`ywbqvi KjvY eySZ e `~ii c_ Zvq wbgwZ nqQ
ZviB cgvY| Avi wbRivB ay c_ nq bvB eis
AbìKI c_ KiQ, hvi dj Zvì mvgvwRK
AeKvVvgv wechqi w`K wbcwZZ nqQ|
^vgx-xi GK Acii cwZ hv Riwi Zv wbq Uvjevnbv Kiv
Ges Zv Av`vq Aenjv I AcQ` Kiv nvivg| Aviv nvivg
DcKvii LuvUv I K Ìqv|
gvwmK FZzi mgq xi mv_ menvmi weavb:
1. gvwmK FZz PjvKvwjb cwe bv nIqv ch xi m mg Kiv
nvivg|
2. xi gjvi mg Kiv nvivg| Avi h Zvi xi gjvi wgjb
Kie Avjvn Zvi w`K PvBeb bv| gjvi bvsiv I gqjvi
vb|
3. xi gvwmK FZz e nj Ges Mvmji ci ^vgxi Rb mnevm
Kiv RvqR Avi Mvmji c~e RvqR bq|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
weevn Aavq
488
^vgx-xi AwaKvi
} | { zy x w v u t srq pm

~
:
l
Avi Zvgvi KvQ wRm Ki nvqh (gvwmK FZz) mK| ej

`vI, GUv Acwe| KvRB Zvgiv gvwmK FZz Aevq xMgb _K
weiZ _vK| ZLb ch Zvì wbKUeZx ne bv, hZY bv Zviv
cwe nq hvq| hLb Dgic cwi nq hve, ZLb Mgb Ki
Zvì KvQ, hfve Avjvn ZvgvìK Kzg w`qQb| wbqB
Avjvn ZIevKvix Ges AcweZv _K hviv euP _vK ZvìK
cQ` Kib| [ m~iv evKviv:222]
^vgxi AwaKvi iqQ xK gvwmK kl Mvmj KiZ Ges
Acwe e aZ KiZ eva Kivi| Avi kixii h mKj
jvg ev ckg BZvw` AcQ`Ki mjv KvUZ eva Kivi
AwaKviI iqQ|
m`k I mvb Rbi inm:
1. ^vgx xi mv_ wgjb Kivi mgq Zvi exhcvZ AvM nj Zvi
m`k mvb ne| Avi hw` xi exhcvZ AvM nq Ze mvb
xi m`k ne|
2. Avi hw` cyili exh bvixi wWî Dci cvavb wevi KiZ
cvi Ze Avjvni BQvq mvb Qj ne| Avi hw` bvixi wW^
cyili exhi Dci cvavb wevi Ki Ze Avjvni BQvq
mvb gq ne|
AvRjevBi exhcvZ NUvbvi weavb:
cyili Rb xi AbygwZ wbq AvRj Z_v wgjbi mgq
exhcvZ evBi NUvbv RvqR, Ze AvRj bv KivB Dg; KviY
Gi viv xi Avb` evNvZ NU Ges esk wevi fvUv ci hv
weevni Dki cwicx KvR|
weevn Aavq
489
^vgx-xi AwaKvi
Y b Kivi weavb:
Kvb IRi ev cqvRb 40w`bi c~e Rivqy _K ea Jla
viv Y b Kiv RvqR| Ze kZ njv ^vgxi AbygwZ jvMe
Ges xi Kvb cKvi wZ hb bv nq| Avi AwaK mvb A_ev
Zvì RxweKvi AcviMZv wKsev jvjvb-cvjbi fq Y b Kiv
RvqR bB|
GK evwoZ GKvwaK xK GK ivLvi weavb:
`yRb ev Gi AwaK xK GK evoxZ Zvì mw Qvov GK
ivLv ^vgxi Rb nvivg| Avi jUvix Qvov Kvb GK RbK wbq
mdi hvIqvI nvivg| hvi `yRb xi Kvb GKRbi cwZ SuyK
coe m wKqvgZi w`b Zvi GK cvk KvZ nq DVe|
xì gvS Bbmvdi wbqg:
^vgxi cwZ xì gvS eb, ivw hvcb, fiY-cvlY,
evmvb Bbmvd Kiv IqvwRe| Avi mg eivei Kiv IqvwRe bq
Ze me nj Dg| Avi w`ji AvKlY Kviv cwZ ekx nj Zvi
bvn ne bv; KviY KD Zvi w`ji gvwjK bq|
m l k j i h g f e d c bI
x w v u t s r q p o n
.[ / ])"Hzy
Zvgiv KLbvI bvixìK mgvb ivLZ cvie bv, hwÌ Gi

AvKvx nI| AZGe, m~Y SzK cov bv h, GKRbK dj
ivL `v`yjgvb Aevq| hw` mskvab Ki Ges Avjvnfxi nI,
Ze Avjvn gvkxj, KiYvgq| [m~iv wbmv:129]
wZxq x weevn Kij wK Kie:
mybZ njv KD Kzgvix weq Kij Zvi wbKU Aviv x _vKj
c_g Kzgvixi wbKU GKvavi mvZ w`b _vKe| AZ:ci mevi gvS
mgvb Ki eb Kie| Avi hw` weevwnZv weq Ki Ze Zvi
weevn Aavq
490
^vgx-xi AwaKvi
wbKU wZb w`b _vKe| AZ:ci mgvb fve eb Kie| Avi hw`
mvZ w`b cQ` Ki Ze ZvB Kie Ges evwKì RbI Abyic
mvZ w`b Ki c~iY Kie| AZ:ci cZKi Rb GKwU Ki ivw
eb Kie|
3>D
b RA '
a= > @ ` K= $ ' g3>D

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D mvjvgv (iv:) _K ewYZ, im~jyjvn [] hLb D mvjvgv

(iv:)K weevn Kijb ZLb Zvi wbKU wZb w`b _vKjb Ges
ejjb: Bnv Zvgvi cwievii cwZ AcgvbKi bq| hw` PvI Ze
Zvgvi Rb mvZ w`b Kie| Avi Zvgvi Rb mvZ w`b Kij
Avgvi evwK xiì RbI mvZ w`b Kie|1
Kzgvix bvix ^vgxi wbKU AcwiwPZ Ges Zvi cwievi _K
`~i, ZvB bZyb Rxeb ^vgx eyZi I GKvwKZ-wb:mZv `~i
Kivi ekx cqvRb hv c~e weevwnZv bvixi wecixZ|
xì gvS ebi AvnKvg:
x ^vgxi AbygwZ wbq Zvi w`b mZxb ev ^vgxK nev-`vb
KiZ cvi Ges ^vgx Zv Ab xi Rb wbw` Kij RvqR|
hvi GKvwaK x AvQ Zvi Rb Abvb xì wbKU (hvì
AvR w`b bv) cek Kiv Ges wbKUeZx nIqv I Leivw` bIqv
RvqR| Ze ivZ nj hvi cvjv Zvi wbKU wdi AvmZ ne
Ges Zvi RbB ivw wbw` KiZ ne|
hw` x ^vgxi AbygwZ QvovB mdi Ki ev Zvi m mdi
KiZ wKsev Zvi wbKU weQvbvq ivw hvcb KiZ A^xKvi
Ki, Zvnj Zvi Rb bv eb Avi bv fiY-cvlY iqQ;
KviY m bvdigvb-Aeva|
1
.gymwjg nvt bs 1460
weevn Aavq
491
^vgx-xi AwaKvi
ebi mgq:
hvi DcvRbi mgq w`b Zvi mgq eb iv Avi hvi
DcvRbi mgq iv Zvi mgq eb w`b| cwe I FZeZx Ges
eqv I QvU mevi Rb eb Kie| wK hw` FZzeZx I iwMYxi
Rb eb bv Kivi evcvi HKgZ nq Zvnj RvqR| Avi h
Zvi AwaKvi wejy Kie PvBj Zvi Rb mgq eb Kie bv|
AbycwZ ^vgxi AvMgbi cwZ:
AbycwZ ^vgxi Rb mybZ njv nVvr Ki evoxZ AvMgb bv
Kiv eis Zvi AvMgbi mgq c~eB Rvwbq `qv; hvZ Ki x
myì fve mvRMvR I cwicvwU Ki ^vgxK mvì Af_bv
RvbvZ cvi| Avi gv_vi Gjvgjv Pzj cwicvwU-wmu_x I bvwfi
wbPi jvg cwivi KiZ cvi|
MvBi gynviivgv AcwiwPZ bvixi mv_ gymvdvnv-Kig`b Kivi
weavb:
x I gynviivgvZ bvixì Qvov Ab Kvb AcwiwPZ bvixi mv_
gymvdvnv-Kig`b I GKvwK wbRb nIqv nvivg| Avi gynviivgvZ
njv hvì m vqxfve weevn nvivg| PvB AvZxqZvi Rb
nvK ev bcvbi wesev eevwnK KviY nvK|
^vgxi fvB, PvPv, gvgv Ges PvPvZ-gvgZ-dzdvZ fvBì Rb
fvwe, PvPx, gvgx I PvPZ-gvgZ-dzdvZ fvexì mv_ gymvdvnv
Kiv ea bq; KviY Zviv mKjB AvRbex bvix Z_v gynviivgvZ
bq Ges fvB I Abvbiv xi Rb gynviivg bB|
Kvb AvRbex bvixi mv_ gymvdvnv Kiv RvqR bq Ges Gi
PvBZ Aviv RNb njv Pzgv Ìqv| PvB m bvix hyewZ nvK
ev eywo nvK Avi gymvdvnvKvix hyeK nvK ev eq ew nvK|
Avi nvZ Kvb c`v viv nvK ev c`v Qvov nvK| KviY bex
[] ejb:
B >D g0!
.d9
_S d-O> . \[ Sg |
weevn Aavq
492
^vgx-xi AwaKvi
Avwg Kvb bvixi mv_ gymvdvnv Z_v Kig`b Kwi bv|1

gymwjgv bvixi Rb Zvi Kvb AcwiwPZ cyili mv_ gymvdvnv
Kiv nvivg| Aviv nvivg njv Kvb AvRbex hgb WvBfvii
mv_ GKvwK MvwoZ AvivnY Kiv|
Kviv mvgb ^vgx-xi wgjb Kiv nvivg| Aviv nvivg wbRì
wgjbZ_ Kviv KvQ duvm Kiv; KviY bex [] ejb:
1( A A>- 9 ! 1( % ) d - $ 9 P ( 3 a % $e b 9 &
g-i >
9 !
.S9 d-O>
.*- - 4
% wD !
wKqvgZi w`b Avjvni wbKU mePq RNb ew njv H cyil,

h wbRi xi mv_ wgjb Ki Ges xI Zvi m gjvgkv Ki|
AZ:ci xi Mvcb inm duvm Ki|2
^vgx xK mnevmi Rb Avnvb Kivi ci bv Avmj Zvi
weavb:
hLb ^vgx xK weQvbvq Avnvb Kie ZLb Zvi WvK mvov
Ìqv xi cwZ Riwi I weiZ _vKv nvivg|
#! : R
D a= : K
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REF $D RC_' ( @E ; @
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B ,
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|
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A
Avey ivBiv [] nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn []

ejQb:hLb ^vgx xK Zvi weQvbvq Avnvb Ki Avi m AvmZ
A^xKvi Ki| dj ^vgx Zvi cwZ ivMvw^Z Aevq ivw hvcb
Ki| ZLb mKvj nIqv ch dikZviv m xi cwZ Awfkvc
KiZ _vK|3
1
. nv`xmwU mnxn, bvmvC nvt bs 4181, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 2874

.gymwjg nvt bs 1437
3
2
weevn Aavq
493
^vgx-xi AwaKvi
gvnivg cyil Qvov bvixi mdii weavb:

gvnivg Qvov bvixi cwZ GKvwK mdi Kiv nvivg| PvB mdi
MvwoZ ev wegvb wKsev cvwb RvnvR-wgvi A_ev ij MvwoZ
nvK ev Ab wKQzZ nvK; KviY im~jyjvn [] ejb:
R : R
M : '@ K
=

. 3^ - 2
9 @; 9 ! )V d = @ )D O & % f3 - 2
9 l# k 9 ! :D >- ' ( - B SA
J1E9
gvnivg cyil Qvov hb bvix mdi bv Ki| Avi Zvi mv_ gvnivg
bv _vKv Aevq hb Kvb cyil Zvi wbKU cek bv Ki|1
kwiqZx c`vi cwZ:
1. bvixi c`v hb Zvi mg kixi AveZ Ki| Ggb Kvcoi nq
hb wfZii wKQz cKvk bv cvq| XvjvwXjv nZ ne hb
AvuUmvU bv nq| bKwk Kiv hb bv nq, hvi dj cyilì
`wK AvKlY Kie| evBi hvIqvi mgq Kvb cKvi AvZimU eenvi Kie bv| Avi cvkvK hb LvwZi Rb Ges
Kvb cyil ev Kvdi gwnjvì m`k bv nq| Avi ZvZ Kvb
cKvi k wP I Qwe hb bv _vK|
2. cwZwU mvevjK gymwjgv bvixi cwZ kwiqZx c`v Kiv diR|
Avi Zv nQ bvixi H me A-cZ hv `Lj cyiliv
drbvq cwZZ nq| hgb : Pnviv, nvZi Zvjyq, Pzj, Nvo,
cv, cvqi bjv, nvZi ev BZvw`| KviY Avjvn Zvqvjvi
evYx:
m
:78'
l
weevn Aavq
494
^vgx-xi AwaKvi
Zvgiv Zuvi (im~j )-Gi xMYi KvQ wKQz PvBj c`vi Avovj
_K PvBe| GUv Zvgvì Aii Rb Ges Zuvì Aii
Rb AwaKZi cweZvi KviY| [m~iv Avnhve: 53]
3. bvixi Rb PvKzix , zj-gvìvmv, nvmcvZvj BZvw`Z
AvRbex cyili mv_ Aeva gjvgkv Kiv nvivg| Aviv nvivg
njv ec`vq Pjvdiv Kiv Ges ^vgx Qvov Abi Rb Zvi
AvKlYxq AivR I m`h cKvk Kiv; KviY Gi ga iqQ
AbK drbv-dmv`|
4. bvixi cwZ diR njv hviv Zvi gvnivg bv Zvì KvQ c`v
Kiv| hgb: `yjv fvB, PvPvZ I gvgvZ Ges LvjvZ BZvw`
fvBqiv| Giv Zvi gvnivgi Afy bq|
weevn Aavq
495
MfaviYi AvnKvg
MfaviYi weavb
Rb wbqbi ewo-wcj eenvii wewa-weavb:
1. mvb-mwZ Avjvni c _K Zuvi ev`vi cwZ GK eo
wbqvgZ| Bmjvg Gi cwZ DrmvwnZ KiQ; ZvB vqxfve Rb
wbqY Kiv Aea| Avi Afve-AbUbi fq Rb weiwZ Kiv
bv RvqR|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
x w v u t srq p onm l k jm
:,3
l y
Zvgiv Lv` Afvei fq Zvgvì mvìK nZv Kiv bv|

Avwg ZvgvìK I IìK wiwRK `vb Kwi| wbqB ZvìK
nZv Kiv GK gnvcvc| [m~iv ewb BmivCj:31]
2. ^vgx-xi mvb Rbi kw vqxfve Le Ki evKiY nvivg|
wK wbwZ Kvb wZi KviY nj RvqR|
3. wbwZ Kvb wZi KviY _vKj ^vgxi mwZmvc x Rb
wbqY eev MnY KiZ cvi| hgb :A^vfvweK fve evPv
cme nIqv| A_ev Amy hvi dj cwZ eQi evPv wbj wZ
nIqv| Ggb Aevq Rb wbqY ev weiwZ KiZ wbla bq|
Ze Dfqi mw _vKZ ne Ges Ggb cv Aej^b KiZ
ne hvi viv xi Kvb cKvi wZ bv nq| G Qvov wek
wPwKrmKi wmv viv nZ ne|
Mf mviYi viv evPv bIqvi weavb:
1. hw` Ab `yRb AvRbexi exh I wW^ viv ev wbRi wW^ I Ab
cyili exh viv xi Mfvrcv`b Kiv nq, Ze Bnv nvivg I
Rbvi Mf mviY ej weewPZ ne|
2. Avi hw` AvK` mv`bi ci Ges ^vgxi gZz ev ZvjvKi
ci m ^vgxi exh viv x Mf mviY nq ZeyI nvivg|
weevn Aavq
496
MfaviYi AvnKvg
3. Avi hw` ^vgx-xi exh I wW^ nq Avi Rivqy AvRbex fvov Kiv
nq ZeyI nvivg|
4. Avi hw` Dfqi exh I wW^ nq Avi Rivqy ^vgxi Ab Kvb x
nq Ges Mf mviY wfZi ev evwni _K nq ZvnjI nvivg|
5. Avi hw` ^vgxi exh I xi wW^ ZviB Rivqyi wfZi ev evBi
wUDe Mf mviY Kivi ci mB xi Mfvkq vbvi Kiv nq
Ze RvqR; KviY Gi viv e cKvi mgmv I evav-wbla
nZ euvPv mve| Bnv wbicvqxì Rb ea| Avi cqvRbi
wbaviY Zvi cwigvY gZB nZ ne| Avi h Ggb Aevq
cwZZ ne m hb hvi xb I vb wekvm ivL Zuvi KvQ G
evcvi ck Ki|
Qj I gqi hLb AivwRi mw c~YZv jvf Kie ZLb
ZvK GK cKvi _K Ab cKvi cwieZb Kiv nvivg| Avi
cwieZbi Pv Kiv Aciva, h Kie m kvw hvM ne;
KviY Bnv Avjvni mwi ga cwieZb hv m~Y fve nvivg|
hw` Kviv A-cZ bvix-cyyil Dfqi AvjvgZ GKvf~Z nq,
Ze `LZ ne hw` cyilxq AvjvgZ cvavb cvq, Ze
Acvikb ev ngvb viv wPwKrmv Ki Zvi bvixq AvjvgZ `~i
Kiv RvqR|
xi MfaviY:
1. Avjvni wb`k cwZ gvm bvixi wW^ mw nq| Avi hLb
fvMi mgq Pj Avm Ges YycvYx mB wWî m
civMvqb nq mswgkY NU ZLb bvix MfeZx nq| Avi GUvB
njv wgwkZ KxU|
2. mvaviYZ gwnjvi cwZ eQi GKwU Ki evPv cme Ki| Avi
KLbv hgR `yRb Qj ev `yRb gq wKsev GKRb Qj I
GKRb gq cme Ki| Avevi KLbv wZbRb ev Gi AwaK
cme Ki|
weevn Aavq
497
MfaviYi AvnKvg
hgR mvb `yB cKvi:

c_g: GKwU YycvYxi m `ywU wWî mswgkY hgR, hviv GK
Acii c~Y m`k nq|
wZxq: A`k hgR hv Avjvni wb`k `ywU YycvYx `ywU wWî
mv_ civMvqb nq| cZKwU YycvYx Avjv`v Avjv`v wWî
mv_ wgj| wbq AvjvnB ekx vZ|
l m
:.3
Avwg gvbylK mw KiwQ wgk we`y _K Gfve h, ZvK

cixv Kie| AZ:ci ZvK Ki w`qwQ keY I `wkwmb|
[m~iv `vnvi:2]
l f e d c b a ` _~ } | { z y xm
: &2
wZwbB mB Avjvn, whwb Zvgvì AvKwZ MVb Kib gvqi Mf,

hgb wZwb PqQb| wZwb Qvov Avi Kvb Dcvm bB| wZwb cej
civgkxj, cvgq| [m~iv Avj-Bgivb: 6]
m

- ::
l
bfvgj I f~gji ivRZ Avjvni Rb| wZwb hv BQv mw

Kib, hvK BQv Kbv mvb Ges hvK BQv cy-mvb `vb Kib,
A_ev ZvìK `vb Kib cy I Kbv DfqB Ges hvK BQv ev
Ki `b| wbqB wZwb me, gZvkxj| [m~iv k~iv: 49-50]
498
weevn Aavq

xi cwZ ^vgxi Rb hv IqvwRe m evcvi AevaZv c`kbK
byk~R ej|
gvbyli cwZ hv KiYxq m evcvi Aenjv c`kb KivB
gvbyli ^fve| wK Abi cwZ Zvi h mKj AwaKvi m
evcvi eoB jvfx| ZvB G Kz-AfvmK webvk KiZ Ges
Zvi wecixZ mw Kivi Rb mnR cv njv: wbRi Dci h
mKj AwaKvi Zv eq Kivi evcvi D`vi `wfw mw Kiv|
Avi wbRi AwaKvii evcvi wKQz njI ZvZ cwiZw jvf
Kiv| g~jZ BnvB njv mewKQzB mwVK wPwKrmv|
AevaZvi weavb:
AevaZv Kiv cvci KvR hv kwiqZ nvivg; KviY GZ Ryjyg
I AwaKviK eviY Kiv| xi cwZ hv IqvwRe Zv Av`vq bv Kij
bvdigvwb Ges ^vgxi cwZ hv IqvwRe Zv Av`vq bv KijI
bvdigvwb|
x hw` ^vgxi c _K NYv I Aev Abyfe Ki Ges ZvK
ZvjvK Ìqvi Avkv Ki, Zvnj Zvi c~Y ev AvswkK AwaKvi
wejy KiZ cvi| hgb: ivw hvcb ev fiY-cvlY wKsev cvkvK
BZvw`| Avi ^vgxi Rb Zv Keyj Kiv DwPr ZvZ `yRbi cwZ
Kvb cvc ne bv| Bnv ZvjvK I cwZ w`b Avcvm SMov-SvwU
Kivi PvBZ Dg|
MLKJ IHGFE D CB AI
Z Y X W V U T S R Q P O N
.[/])"
Ha`_^]\[
hw` Kvb bvix ^xq ^vgxi c _K Am`vPiY wKsev Dcvi

AvksKv Ki, Ze cii Kvb gxgvsmv Ki wbj Zvì Dfqi
weevn Aavq
499
Kvb cvc ne bv| gxgvsmvB Dg| gbi mvgb jvf we`gvb

AvQ| hw` Zvgiv Dg KvR Ki Ges Avjvnfxi nI, Ze Avjvn
Zvgvì me KvRi Lei ivLb| [m~iv wbmv:128]
Aeva xi wPwKrmvi cwZ:
1. hLb xi AevaZvi AvjvgZ cKvk cve| hgb : ^vgxi WvK
weQvbvq ev Avb` MnY mvov bv Ìqv| A_ev weiwKi wKsev
NYv Aevq mvov Ìqv| ZLb ZvK IqvR-bwmnZ Kie Ges
Avjvni fq `Lve I mnR cvq Avè wè|
hw` Zvi ciI AvMi Aevi Dci AUj _vK Ze cqvRb
gZ weQvbvq ZvM Kie| Avi wZb w`b ch K_v ejv weiZ
ivLe|
hw` Zvi ciI AvMi Aevq AUj _vK Ze `k ev Zvi Pq
Kg nvjKv Ki i ei bv nq Ggb evNvZ Kie| Avi Pnvivq
gviai Ges Kvb cKvi KzrwmZ eYbv I wZivi Kie bv| hw`
Gme viv Dk nvwmj nq hvq Ges AvbyMZ i Ki Ze c~e
hv NUQ m evcvi ZvK Kvb cKvi frmbv Kie bv|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
M L K J I H G F E D C B Am
Y X WVU T S R Q P ON
b a `_ ^ ] \ [ Z
:./
l m l k j i h g fe d c
cyiliv bvixì Dci KZZkxj| G Rb h, Avjvn GKi Dci

Abi ewk `vb KiQb Ges G Rb h, Zviv Zvì A_ eq
Ki| mgZ bKKvi xjvKMY nq AbyMZ Ges Avjvn hv
ndvRZhvM Ki w`qQb jvKPzi AivjI Zviv Zvi
ndvRZ Ki| Avi hvì ga AvevaZvi Avkv Ki Zvì
m`yc`k `vI, Zvì khv ZvM Ki Ges cnvi Ki| hw` ZvZ
500
weevn Aavq
Zviv eva nq hvq, Ze Avi Zvì Rb Ab Kvb c_ Abymvb

Kiv bv| wbqB Avjvn mevi Dci k| [ m~iv wbmv: 34]
2. hw` ^vgx I x Dfq GK Acii cwZ Ryjygi `vwe Ki| x
Zvi AevaZv I Anvi Ges Lvivc AvPiYi Dci AUj _vK|
Avi `yRbi gvS mskvab Kiv Ame nq ùvovq, Ze ^vgxi
cwievii GKRb wePviK Ges xi cwiievii AciRb wePviK
ciY Kie| Zviv `yRb hv KjvYKi ZvB dqmvjv Kie| nq
GKKiY ev Kvb e`jv A_ev e`jv QvovB weQ`KiY|
3. hw` wePviK gnv`qMY HKgZ bv cuQ A_ev `yRb wePviK
bv cvIqv hvq Ges `yRbi gvS Dg AvPiY Ame nq co;
Zvnj KvUi wePviK mvne Zvì evcviUv fvj Ki `Leb|
Avi Kvb wewbgq ev wZc~iY QvovB hgbwU wZwb fvj gb
Kieb Ges kwiqZi wewa-weavb gvZveK `yRbi gvS weQ`
Ki wèb|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
z y x w v u t s r q p o nm
:./
l e d c b a ` _~} | {
hw` Zvì gvS mKQ` nIqvi gZ cwiwwZiB Avkv Ki,

Ze ^vgxi cwievi _K GKRb Ges xi cwievi _K GKRb
mvwjk wbhy Kie| Zviv Dfqi gxgvsmv PvBj Avjvn me,
mewKQz AewnZ| [m~iv wbmv: 35]
4. hw` x ^vgxi c _K AcQ`fve ev Dcv Dcjw Ki
Ges ZvK weQì Avkv Ki, Ze xi Rb RvqR AvQ
^vgxi cwZ Zvi h AwaKvi Zv iwnZ Ki Ìqv| A_ev wKQz
AwaKvi hgb : ivw hvcb ev fiY-cvlY BZvw` nK wejy Kiv|
Avi ^vgxi Rb RvqR Zv MnY Kiv| GZ Ki Zvì Kvb bvn
ne bv| Avi Bnv cwZ w`b SMov Kiv I weQì Pq Dg|
weevn Aavq
501
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:

N M L K J I H G F E D C B Am
] \ [ Z Y X WV U T SR Q PO
:./
l a ` _ ^
hw` Kvb bvix ^xq ^vgxi c _K Am`vPiY wKsev Dcvi

AvksKv Ki, Ze cii Kvb gxgvsmv Ki wbj Zvì Dfqi
Kvb bvn bvB| gxgvsmvB Dg| gbi ga KcYZvi cjvfb
we`gvb AvQ| hw` Zvgiv Dg KvR Ki Ges Avjvnfxi nI|
wbqB Avjvn Zvgvì me KvRi Lei ivLb| [m~iv wbmv:128]
ZvjvKi Aavq
502
ZvjvKi AvnKvg
2- ZvjvKi Aavq
ZvjvKi AvnKvg
ZvjvK:
ZvjvK njv weevni c~Y ev wKQz eb Lyj Ìqvi bvg|
ZvjvK eaKiYi wnKgZ:
myLx `vZ Rxeb cwZvi Rb Avjvn Zvqvjv weevnK weavb
mZ KiQb| `wZi Rxeb fvjvevmv, cg-cxwZ cwZwZ
ne| Avi cZK RxebmxK c~Z-cwe _vKvi evcvi mvnvh
Kie| Gi viv wgUe hb Pvwn`v Ges Avme bZzb cRb|
hLb G mg DcKvwiZvi wU NUe Ges Kvb GK `wZi
Am`vPiYi dj wechq mw ne| A_ev cii weivac~Y
gRvR wKsev `yRbi gvSi Rxeb KKi BZvw` KviY weiwZwnb
weiva nq co, hvi dj eevwnK mK KwVb Aevq cuQ
hvq| AZGe, hLb cwiwwZ Ggb Aevq cuQ hvq ZLb ^vgxxi gvS gywi Dcvq wnmve Avjvn Zvqvjv Zuvi wbR AbyMn
ZvjvKi wewa-weavb `vb KiQb|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
L K JI H G F E D C B Am
ZYX W V U T S R Q P O NM
k j i h g fed c b a ` _ ^] \ [
:"!
l o n m l
n bex! Zvgiv hLb xìK ZvjvK w`Z PvI, ZLb ZvìK

ZvjvK w`qv BZi cwZ j iL Ges BZ MYbv Kiv|
Zvgiv Zvgvì cvjbKZv AvjvnK fq Ki| ZvìK Zvì
Mn _K ewnvi Kiv bv Ges ZvivI hb ei bv nq, hw` bv Zviv
ZvjvKi Aavq
503
ZvjvKi AvnKvg
Kvb my wbj KvR wj nq| Gjv Avjvni wbavwiZ mxgv|

h ew Avjvni mxgvjNb Ki, m wbRiB Awb Ki| m Rvb
bv, nqZv Avjvn GB ZvjvKi ci Kvb bZzb Dcvq Ki wèb|
[m~iv ZvjvK: 1]
ZvjvKi gvwjK K:
1. ZvjvK Ìqv GKgv ^vgxi AwaKvi; KviY eevwnK mKi
Rb m LiP Ki AbK m`| ZvB Zv m weevn eb AUzU
ivLZ me`v ekx AvMnx| cyilB AwaK wej^ I ahaviY
KiZ cvi Ges weeK viv wPv Ki AveM viv bq|
2. bvixiv AwZ `Z ivM Ki Ges mn KiZ cvi Kg| Avi
Zvì gvS `~i`kxZvi Pig Afve `Lv hvq| G Qvov
ZvjvKi cieZx cwiYwZ ^vgxi gZ xi Dci Avm bv| Avi
hw` Dfqi nvZ ZvjvKi AwaKvi Ìqv nZ Ze AwZ
mvgvb KviY ZvjvKi Aev eY eo hZ|
3. ZvjvK cyili nvZ| GKRb ^vaxb cyil wZbwU ZvjvKi
gvwjK| PvB x ^vaxb nvK ev `vmx nvK| Avi civwab `vmiv
`yB ZvjvKi gvwjK|
Kvi c _K ZvjvK cwZZ ne:
cZK mvevjK, weeKevb I ^Qvq ZvjvK `vZvi ZvjvK
cwZZ ne| Rvic~eK ZvjvK wbj ZvjvK ne bv| Abyic Ggb
gvZvji ZvjvK h wK ej Zv wbRB eyS bv Ges Ggb z
ewi ZvjvK h wK ej Rvb bv| hgb : ZvjvK cwZZ ne bv
fyjKvixi, Abgb ewi, wewZ ewi, cvMj BZvwì|
ZvjvKi weavb:
cqvRb hgb: xi Am`vPiY I Lvivc gjvgkvi Rb
ZvjvK Ìqv RvqR| Avi AcqvRb hgb: `wZi wi myLx
Rxeb Zvi ciI ZvjvK Ìqv nvivg| Avi Riwi KviY ZvjvK
Ìqv Dg| hgb : hw` x ^vgxi mv_ _vKvZ wZM nq
A_ev ^vgxK NYv..... BZvw` Ki|
ZvjvKi Aavq
504
ZvjvKi AvnKvg
x mvjvZ Av`vq bv Kij A_ev Zvi BZ-Avei evcvi

wbjyl bv _vKj Ges ZIev I m`yc`k MnY bv Kij ZvK
ZvjvK Ìqv IqvwRe|
hme Aevq ZvjvK Ìqv nvivg:
gvwmK FZz I cm~wZ Aevq xK ZvjvK Ìqv nvivg| Aviv
ZvjvK Ìqv nvivg h Zi Z_v cweZvq mnevm KiQ I
MfaviY cKvk cvq bvB| GK k wZb ZvjvK A_ev GK eVK
wZb ZvjvK ÌqvI nvivg|
^vgx A_ev Zvi DwKji c _K ZvjvK Ìqv mnxn ne|
DwKji GK ZvjvK Ìqvi AwaKvi iqQ Ges hLb PvBe
ZLb w`Z cvie| wK hw` Zvi Rb mgq I msLv wbw`
Ki Ìqv nq Zvnj m gvZveK cqvR ne|
ZvjvKi kmg~n:
ZvjvKi ki w`K _K ZvjvK `ycKvi:
1. ZvjvK mixn Z_v my k viv ZvjvK: h me k ZvjvK
Qvov Ab Kvb A_i AeKvk _vK bv| hgb: ZvgvK ZvjvK
w`jvg, Zzwg ZvjvK, Zzwg ZvjvKcvv, Avgvi cwZ ZvgvK
ZvjvK Ìqv IqvwRe BZvw` kmg~n|
2. Kbvqv ZvjvK Z_v civ I A k viv ZvjvK: H me
k hv ZvjvK I Ab A_ enb Ki| hgb : Zzwg evqb A_ev
Zvgvi cwievi Pj hvI BZvw` k|
mixn Z_v k viv ZvjvK cwZZ nq hve; KviY Zvi
A_ cwivi| Avi Kbvqv Z_v A I civ k viv
ZZY ZvjvK cwZZ ne bv hZY ki mv_ ZvjvKi
wbqZ bv Kiv ne|
hw` ^vgx xK ej: Zzwg Avgvi cwZ nvivg Zvnj Gi viv
ZvjvK cwZZ ne bv Ges nvivgI ne bv| eis Bnv njdKmg ne Ges GZ Kvddviv Bqvgxb Z_v njd fi
Kvddviv w`Z ne|
ZvjvKi Aavq
505
ZvjvKi AvnKvg
ZvjvK `qvZ AvMwn I iwmKi ZvjvK cwZZ ne; KviY Gi

viv weevni eb Lj Zvgvkv I Uvjevnbv _K ndvRZ
_vKe|
ZvjvKi cwZ:
ZvjvK Kvb kZ Qvov nZ cvi A_ev mshy-m^KZ wKsev
kZi mv_ Szj nZ cvi|
1. kZ Qvov DcwZ ZvjvK: hgb xK ejv: Zzwg ZvjvK A_ev
ZvgvK ZvjvK w`jvg BZvw`| G ZvjvK mv_ mv_ cwZZ
ne; KviY Kvb wKQzi m kZ ev mshy Ki bvB|
2. mshy I m^KZ ZvjvK: hgb xK ejv: Zzwg AvMvwg Kvj
ZvjvK A_ev Zzwg gvmi iZ ZvjvK| G ZvjvK ZZY
cwZZ ne bv hZY Zvi wbw`KZ mgq AwZg bv Kie|
3. Szj I kZKZ ZvjvK: Bnv ^vgxi viv ZvjvKK Kvb kZi
m Szwjqv Ìqv| Bnv Avevi `ycKvi:
(K) hw` Zvi ZvjvKi viv Kvb KvR KiZ ev QvoZ eva Kiv
Dk nq A_ev Drmvn c`vb wKsev wbla Kiv ev Leii ZvwK`
BZvw` nq| hgb: hw` evRvi hvI Ze Zzwg ZvjvK Gi viv
ZvK wbla KivB Dk Ki Ze ZvjvK cwZZ ne bv| Avi
GZ hw` x wecixZ Ki em Ze ^vgxi cwZ Kvddviv Bqvgxb
Z_v Kmg fi Kvddviv IqvwRe ne|
Kvddviv Bqvgxb:
`kRb wgmwKbK Lvbv LvIqvbv A_ev Kvco civbv wKsev
GKwU Mvjvg AvRv` Kiv| Avi hw` D Kvb GKwU bv cvi Ze
wZbwU ivRv ivLv|
(L) kZ cvIqv Mj Ges ZvjvK Dk nj cwZZ ne| hgb:
^vgxi K_v, hw` Zzwg AvgvK AgyKUv `vI Ze Zzwg ZvjvK|
G ZvjvK cwZZ ne hLb kZ cvIqv hve|
ZvjvKi Aavq
506
ZvjvKi AvnKvg
ZvjvKi evcvi m`n Kivi weavb:

Avmj njv hv wQj ZvB _vKv| ZvB Avmj njv weevn eb
wVK _vKv| G Rb GwKb Qvov weevn e b ne bv| myZivs Kvb
ew hw` ZvjvK wKsev kZ m`n Ki Zvnj ZvjvK cwZZ ne
bv| Avi hw` ZvjvKi msLvq m`n Ki Zvnj GK ZvjvK
cwZZ ne|
Avi h m`nmn ZvjvK mve Kie m wZbwU fqvbK KvR
Kie| (1) ^vgx-xi gvS wewQb| (2) Zvi eb _vKv Aevq
xK Abi ea Kiv| (3) ^vgx gviv Mj xK fiY-cvlY I
wgivm _K ewZ Kiv|
hvi gvnivbv mve Kiv nq bvB Zvi ZvjvKi weavb:
hw` gvnivbv mve Kiv bv nq Ges mnevmi c~e ZvjvK `q
Ze ^vgxi cwZ xi LiP IqvwRe| mvg_evbi Rb Zvi mvg_
Abyhvqx Ges Kg mvg_evbi Rb Zvi mva Abyhvqx| Avi hw`
gvnivbv wi Kiv bv nq Ges mnevmi ci ZvjvK `q Ze xi
Rb gvni wgwQj w`Z ne Ges Zvi Rb Kvb LiP bB|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
~}| { z y x w v u t s r qm
:
l
xìK k Kivi AvM Ges Kvb gvnivbv mve Kivi c~eI

hw` ZvjvK w`q `vI, Ze ZvZI Zvgvì Kvb cvc bB| Ze
ZvìK wKQz LiP è| Avi mvg_evbì Rb Zvì mvg_
Abyhvqx Ges Kg mvg_evbì Rb Zvì mva Abyhvqx| h LiP
cPwjZ iqQ Zv mrKgkxjì Dci `vwqZ| [m~iv evKviv: 236]
hvi gvnivbv wbw` Kiv nqQ Zvi ZvjvKi weavb:
Avi hw` k ev xi m GKvwK wbRb nIqvi c~e ZvjvK
`q Avi gvnivbv mve Kiv nq _vK Ze x AaK gvni
cve| wK hw` x ev Zvi Awj gvd Ki `q mUv wfb evcvi|
507
ZvjvKi Aavq
ZvjvKi AvnKvg
Avi hw` xi c _K weQ` NU Ze Zvi mKj nK iwnZ nq

hve|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
m

:
l
Avi hw` gvnivbv mve Kivi ci k Kivi c~e ZvjvK w`q

`vI, Zvnj h gvnivbv mve Kiv nqQ Zvi AaK w`Z ne|
Aek hw` bvixiv gv Ki `q wKsev weqi eb hvi AwaKvi
(Awj) m hw` gv Ki `q Ze Zv ^Z K_v| Avi Zvgviv
(^vgx-x) hw` gv Ki, Ze Zv ne cinhMvixi wbKUeZx| Avi
cviwiK mnvbyf~wZi K_v fyj hI bv| wbq Zvgiv hv wKQz Ki
Avjvn m meB AZ fvj Ki `Lb| [m~iv evKviv:237]
evwZj weevni KviY ^vgx-xi gvS ki c~e weQ` nj
xi Rb gnvivbv I LiP wKQzB bB| Avi ki ci nj
mveKZ gvnivbv xi Rb IqvwRe ne; KviY Gi viv cyil
Zvi v nvjvj KiQ|
ZvjvKi Aavq
508

mybwZ ZvjvKi cwZmg~n:
1. mybwZ ZvjvK:
^vgx Zvi kKZ xK h Zi (cweZvq)Zvi m wgjb
Ki bvB GK ZvjvK `qv| ^vgx G Aevq xK BZi ga
wdwiq wbZ cvie| BZ nQ wZb gvwmK FZz| hw` BZ kl
nq hvq Ges wdwiq bv bB Ze GK ZvjvK QvU evqb nq
hve| bZzb AvK` I gvnivbv Qvov wdwiq wbZ cvie bv| Avi
hw` BZi gaB wdwiq bq Ze m Zvi xB iq hve|
Avi hw` wZxq ZvjvK w`Z Pvq Ze c_g ZvjvKi bvq
ZvjvK è| AZ:ci hw` BZi gaB wdwiq bq Ze
xB iq hve| Avi hw` BZi ga wdwiq bv bB Ze
wZxq ZvjvK QvU evqb nq hve| bZzb Ki AvK` I
gvnivbv Qvov Zvi Rb nvjvj ne bv|
Gici hw` c~ei bvq ZZxq ZvjvK `q Ze x ZvjvK eo
evqb ZvjvK nq hve| hZY xi Ab mnxn weevn bv ne
ZZY m c_g ^vgxi Rb nvjvj ne bv| GB cwZZ I
ZiZxe ZvjvK Ìqv msLvi w`K _K mybwZ ZvjvK Ges
mgqi w`K _KI mybwZ ZvjvK|
2. mybwZ ZvjvKi Aviv cwZ:
xi MfaviY my nIqvi ci GK ZvjvK Ìqv| Avi hw`
x Ggb nq hvi gvwmK nq bv Ze h Kvb mgq ZvjvK w`Z
cvie|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
~}| { z y x wvm

ZvjvKi Aavq
509

l
- :
ZvjvK-ivRqx njv `yevi ch Zvici nq wbqgvbyhvqx

ivLe, bv nq m`qZvi m eRb Kie| Avi wbRi `qv m`
_K wKQz wdwiq bqv Zvgvì Rb RvqR bq Zvì KvQ
_K| wK h ^vgx I x DfqB G evcvi fq Ki h,
Zviv Avjvni wb`k eRvq ivLZ cvie bv, AZ:ci hw` Zvgvì
fq nq h, Zviv DfqB Avjvni wb`k eRvq ivLZ cvie bv,
Zvnj m x hw` wewbgq w`q (Lvjv ZvjvK Ki) AenwZ
wbq bq, Ze Dfqi ga KviviB Kvb cvc bB| GB njv
Avjvn KZK wbavwiZ mxgv| KvRB GK AwZg Kiv bv| eZ:
hviv Avjvn KZK wbavwiZ mxgv jNb Kie, ZvivB njv Rvjg|
Zvici hw` m xK (ZZxq evi) ZvjvK `q , Ze m x h
ch ZvK Qvov Aci Kvb ^vgxi mv_ (mnxn cvq) weevn Ki
bv be, Zvi Rb nvjvj bq| AZ:ci hw` wZxq ^vgx ZvjvK
w`q `q (ev gviv hvq) Zvnj Zvì Dfqi RbB ciiK
cybvivq weq KiZ Kvb cvc bB, hw` Avjvni weavb eRvq
ivLZ BQv _vK| Avi GB njv Avjvn KZK wbavwiZ mxgv; hviv
Dcjw Ki Zvì Rb Gme eYbv Kiv nq|
AZ:ci hLb ZvjvK c~Y ne Ges weQ` nq hve ZLb
^vgxi Rb mybZ njv xK Zvi I ^vgxi Aevi AvjvK wKQz
LiP `qv Bnv xi Aii ckvwi Rb Ges Zvi wKQz AwaKvi
Av`vqi j|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
510
ZvjvKi Aavq
l ` _ ~ } |{ z ym
Avi ZvjvKcvv bvixì Rb cPwjZ wbqg Abyhvqx LiP `qv
cinhMviì Dci KZe| [ m~iv evKviv: 241]
we`vwZ ZvjvK:
kwiqZ cwicx ZvjvK njv we`vwZ ZvjvK| Bnv Avevi
`ycKvi:
(K) mgqi gvS we`vZ:
hgb: gvwmK FZz ev cm~wZ wKsev h Zi wgjb KiQ Ges
MfaviY GLbv my nq bvB Ggb Aevq ZvjvK `qv| Gfve
ZvjvK `qv nvivg Ze ZvjvK cwZZ ne| Avi Gic ZvjvK`vZv
cvwc ne Ges Zvi cwZ IqvwRe hw` ZZxq ZvjvK bv nq xK
wdwiq bqv|
FZzeZx ev cm~wZK wdiq wbq cwe nIqv ch ivLe|
AZ:ci gvwmK nq cwe nj PvBj ZvjvK è| Avi h
wgjbKZ Zi ZvjvK è m gvwmK nIqv ch wbRi KvQ
ivLe Ges cwe nIqvi ci PvBj ZvjvK wè|
:
R
g - ' 6
# - 8 Y B
^ _F * A>- 9 J h 0> - '

.S9 d-O> .e9 F
> x-* h @P( ]N wD @; d -( B X - 9 : PB
1. Beb Dgvi [] _K ewYZ, wZwb Zuvi xK gvwmK FZz
Aevq ZvjvK `b| Dgvi dviK [] Bnv bex []-Gi wbKU
DjL Kij bex [] ejb:ZvK x wdwiq wbZ ej|
AZ:ci cwe A_ev MfeZx Aevq hb ZvjvK `q|1
R a= 6
#
- ' +S
B
^ _F * A>- 9 J h 0> - '

$e R F
R2A RDw - @ N( A EF @; d -( B X - 9 : PB

. J1E9
1
.gymwjg nvt bs 1471
.6
S
W ' % > & ; J ]N % wD - @ N( A wD -O >D
ZvjvKi Aavq
511
2. Beb Dgvi [] _K ewYZ, wZwb Zuvi xK gvwmK Aevq

ZvjvK `b| Dgvi dviK [] G evcvi im~jyjvn []K wRvmv
Kij wZb [] ejb:ZvK x wdwiq wbq cwe nIqv ch
ivLZ ej| Gici hLb Ab GK gvwmK ne Zvici cwe ne
ZLb PvBj ZvjvK wè A_ev iL wè|1
(L) msLvq we`vZ:
hgb: GK k (Zzwg wZb ZvjvK) wZb ZvjvK `qv| A_ev
wfbfve GKB gRwjm wZb ZvjvK `qv| hgb ejv: Zzwg ZvjvK,
Zzwg ZvjvK, Zzwg ZvjvK| G aiYi ZvjvK `qv nvivg Ze cwZZ
ne Ges ZvjvK `vZv bvnMvi ne| wK GK k ev GKvwaK
k GKB Zi wZb ZvjvK w`j aygv GK ZvjvKB cwZZ ne
Ze ZvjvK`vZv bvnMvi ne|
hw` x QvU ev FZz e` nq MQ wKsev mnevm nqwb Ggb
nq, Zvnj Zvi evcvi mybwZ I we`vwZ h Kvb ZvjvK
chvR Ges hLb BQv ZLb ZvjvK w`Z cvi|
ZvjvKi Aavq
512
ivRqx I evqb ZvjvK
ivRqx I evqb ZvjvK

1. ivRqx (cZvnvihvM) ZvjvK:
^vgx kKZ xK GK ZvjvK wè| BZ _vKv Aevq
PvBj ^vgx diZ wbZ cvie| Avi hw` wdwiq wbq wZxq
ZvjvK `q Ze BZ _vKv Aevq ^vgx xK diZ wbZ
cvie| BZ _vKj G `yAevq xB _vKe| G Aevq x
^vgxi wgivm cve Ges ^vgxI xi wgivm cve| Avi xi Rb
iqQ LiP I evmvb|
ivRqx ZvjvKcvv x Kv_vq BZ cvjb Kie:
GK ev `yB ZvjvK ivRqx Aevq hw` x wgjbKZv ev GKvwK
wbRb ^vgxi m wgwjZ nqQ Ggb nq Ze ZvK ^vgxi evoxZ
BZ cvjvb Kiv IqvwRe| hvZ Ki ^vgx ZvK wdwiq bB| Avi
xi Rb Dg njv ^vgxi Rb mvRMvR Kiv hb Zvi cwZ AvK
nq diZ bB| Avi diZ bv wbj xK BZ kl bv nIqv
ch evox _K ei Ki `qv ^vgxi Rb RvqR bB|
2. evqb ZvjvK:
h ZvjKi viv x Zvi ^vgx _K m~Y fve wewQb nq
co|
Bnv Avevi `ycKvi:
(K) QvU evqb ZvjvK:
wZbi Pq Kg ZvjvKK ej| hLb ^vgx xK GK ZvjvK
è hgb c~e ewYZ nqQ| AZ:ci Zvi BZi ga diZ
wbe bv ZLb ZvjvK evqbv myMiv Z_v QvU evqb ZvjvK ne|
GZ ^vgxi AwaKvi iqQ xK bZzb gvnivbv I AvK` viv
weevn Kiv hw` xi Ab ^vgxi mv_ weq bv nq| Abyic wZxq
ZvjvK w`q BZi ga diZ bv wbj QvU evqb nq hve|
Avi ^vgx PvBj bZzb AvK` I gvnivbv viv ZvK weevn KiZ
cvie hw` x wZxq Rbi m weq bv Ki _vK|
ZvjvKi Aavq
513
ivRqx I evqb ZvjvK
(L) eo evqb (AcZvnvihvM) ZvjvK:

Bnv c~Y wZb ZvjvK nq hvIqvK ej| AZGe, hLb wZb
ZvjvK w`q wè ZLb x ^vgx _K c~Y wewQb nq hve|
vqxfve x _vKvi wbqZ kwiqZx cvq wZxq ^vgxi m weevn
bv nIqv Ges BZ kl nIqvi ci Dfq GK Acii gay cvb bv
Kiv ch c_g ^vgxi Rb ea ne bv| hw` wZxq ^vgx ^Qvq
ZvjvK `q A_ev gviv hvq Ges Zvi BZ kl Ki, Zvnj c_g
^vgxi Rb Abvbì bvq bZzb AvK` I gvnivbv viv ZvK
weevn Kiv RvqR|
evqb ZvjvKcvv Kv_vq BZ cvjb Kie:
wZb ZvjvKcvv Zvi cwievii evoxZ BZ cvjb Kie;
KviY m Zvi ^vgxi Rb nvjvj bv| m LiP I evmvb cve bv|
Avi BZ cvjb Aevq cqvRb Qvov Zvi cwievii evox _K
ei ne bv|
hw` ^vgx ZvjvK A_ev kZi evcvi m`n Ki Ze weevn
evwK _vKe hZY Zv `~i nIqvi evcvi m GwKb bv ne|
hLb ^vgx Zvi xK eje:Zvgvi welq Zvgvi nvZ ZLb
x wbR mybZ gvZveK wZb ZvjvKi gvwjK nq hve| wK
hw` ^vgx GK ZvjvKi wbqZ Ki Ze GK ZvjvKi gvwjK
ne|
KLb xi Rb ZvjvK PvIqv RvqR:
hw` x Ggb wZM nq hvi dj Zvi Rxeb hvv wecb nq
co, Ze KvU wePviKi mvgb ZvjvK PvIqv RvqR hgb:
1. hw` ^vgx LiPi evcvi Aenjv Ki|
2. hw` ^vgx xi m Ggb eenvi Ki hvi dj Rxeb hvv
wecb nq co| hgb: Mvwj-MvjvR Kiv A_ev gviai Kiv
wKsev K Ìqv hv mn Kivi gZ bv ev Kvb Lvivc KvR
eva Kiv BZvw`|
ZvjvKi Aavq
514
ivRqx I evqb ZvjvK
3. hw` ^vgxi AbycwwZZ x wZM nq Ges wbRi evcvi

Rbvq wj nIqvi fq Ki|
4. hw` ^vgx `xN mgq ai e`x _vK hvi wein x wZM nq|
5. hw` x ^vgxi vqx Kvb wU ev ivM `L| hgb : ev
A_ev mnevm Ag wKsev NwYZ gvivZK Kvb ivM BZvw`|
GKvB fvM Kivi Dk mZxbK ZvjvK w`Z ejv nvivg|
hw` ^vgx xK ej Zvgvi gvwmK njB Zzwg ZvjvK Ze
m`ngy c_g gvwmKB ZvjvK nq hve|
evqb ZvjvKi cKvi:
^vgx _K xi evqb nIqvi wZb Aev:
weevn eb iwnZ Kivi viv I wewbgqi viv evqb Z_v Lvjv
ZvjvK Ges ZvjvKi msLv wZb c~Y nIqvi gvag|
KLb evqb ZvjvK cwZZ ne:
hw` ZvjvK Kvb e`jvq Z_v Lvjv ZvjvK A_ev ki c~e
wKsev ZZxq ZvjvK nq Ze ZvjvK evqb cwZZ ne|
Szj ZvjvKi weavb:
hw` ^vgx xK ej Zzwg hw` Qj mvi cme Ki Ze Zzwg
GK ZvjvK Avi hw` gq mvb cme Ki Ze Zzwg `yZvjvK|
AZ:ci hw` Qj mvb cmei ci gq mvb cme Ki Ze
c_gwU viv GK ZvjvZcvv ne Avi wZxqwU viv evqb nq
hve| Avi Zvi Dci Kvb BZ cvjb Kiv Riwi ne bv|
cm~wZ Aevq ZvjvKi weavb:
^vgxi Rb cm~wZ xK ZvjvK Ìqv RvqR; KviY cm~wZ
Aev BZ wnmve Kiv nq bv| Avi x ZvjvK cvIqvi mv_ mv_
B Avi KiZ cvie| wK FZz Aevi Gi wecixZ; Kbbv FZz
Aevq ZvjK w`j mv_ mv_ BZ Avi KiZ cvie bv|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
515
ZvjvKcvv xK diZ bqv
3- ZvjvK Ìqv xK cybivq MnY

ivRqvZ:
cZvnvihvM ZvjvK Z_v evqb ZvjvKcvv bv Ggb xK
bZzb AvK` QvovB BZi wfZi cybivq MnY Kiv ivRqvZ ejv
nq|
ivRqvZ eaKiYi wnKgZ:
ZvjvK KLbv ivMvw^Z I Zwor-Nwor nq _vK| Avevi
KLbv ZvjvK nq Kvb wPv-fvebv I weePbv QvovB| Avi
ZvjvKi ci wK aiYi mgmv I wZ Ges wechq mw ne m
evcvi _vK bv Kvb vb| ZvB Avjvn Zvqvjv eevwnK Rxebi
Rb ivRqvZ Z_v cZvnvii eev KiQb| Bnv GKgv ^vgxi
AwaKvi hgb ZvjvK Ìqv ZviB AwaKvi|
Bmjvgi m`hi ga njv ZvjvK Ìqv Ges cybivq
MnYK eaKiY| AZGe, hLb Avcvm NYv Rwbe Ges
`vZ Rxeb KwVb nq coe ZLb ZvjvK Ìqv RvqR|
Avi hLb Avcvmi mK myì ne Ges cvwbi mvZaviv
hLb Zvi wbR MwZZ wdi Avme ZLb ivRAvZ Z_v cybivq
MnY Kiv RvqR ne| AvjvniB mKj cksmv I Gnmvb|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
v u t s r q p o n mlk j i hm
gfe d c b a ` _ ~} | { z y x w
l u t s r qpo n m lk j i h
:
Avi ZvjvKcvv bvix wbRK Acvq ivLe wZb gvwmK ch|

Avi hw` m Avjvni cwZ Ges AvLivZi wèmi Dci Cgvb`vi
nq _vK, Zvnj Avjvn hv Zvi RivqyZ mw KiQb Zv jywKq
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
516
ZvjvKcvv xK diZ bqv
ivLv RvqR bq| Avi hw` mve iL PjZ Pvq Zvnj ZvìK
wdwiq bIqvi AwaKvi Zvì ^vgxiv msiY Ki|
[m~iv evKviv:228]
cZvnvihvM xi weavb:
cZvnvihvM ZvjvKcvv bvix ^vgxi xB _vK, m ^vgxi
evwoZ BZ cvjb Kie, ^gxi cwZ Zvi fiY-cvlY IqvwRe,
xK ^vgxi AvbyMZ Kiv Riwi| ^vgxi Rb Zvi Pnviv Lyjv,
myMw eenvi Kiv, Zvi mv_ ei nIqv, cvbvnviv Kiv mewKQyB
RvqR| ^vgxi Rb xi m hv hv Kiv RvqR meB KiZ
cvie| Ze Zvi Rb Kvb w`b eb Kiv jvMe bv; KviY m
^vgx _K wewQb nq coQ| Avi ea Kvb KviY Qvov
cZvnvihvM ZvjvKcvvi Rb ^vgxi evwo Qvov Ab Kv_vI
BZ cvjb Kiv Rvqb bB|
1. Avjvni evYx:
O NML K JI H G F E D C B AI
^] \ [ ZYX W V U T S R Q P
Hon m l k j i h g fed c b a ` _
.[/23]
n bex, Zvgiv hLb xìK ZvjvK w`Z PvI, ZLb ZvìK

ZvjvK w`qv BZi cwZ j iL Ges BZ MYbv Kiv|
Zvgiv Zvgvì cvjbKZv AvjvnK fq Kiv| ZvìK Zvì
Mn _K ewnvi Kiv bv Ges ZvivI hb ei bv nq hw` bv Zviv
Kvb my wbj KvR wj nq| Gjv Avjvni wbavwiZ mxgv|
h ew Avjvni mxgvjsNb Ki, m wbRiB Awb Ki| m Rvb
bv, nqZv Avjvn GB ZvjvKi ci Kvb bZzb Dcvq Ki wèb|
[m~iv ZvjvK:1]
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
517
ZvjvKcvv xK diZ bqv
2. Avjvni evYx:
v u t s r q p o n mlk j i hI
h gfe d c b a ` _ ~} | { z y x w
.[/ ]H ut s r qpo n m lk j i

Avi hw` m Avjvni cwZ Ges AvLivZi wèmi Dci Cgvb`vi
nq _vK, Zvnj Avjvn hv Zvi RivqyZ mw KiQb Zv jywKq
ivLv RvqR bq| Avi hw` mve iL PjZ Pvq Zvnj ZvìK
wdwiq bIqvi AwaKvi Zvì ^vgxiv msiY Ki| Avi
cyilì hgb AwaKvi iqQ, Zgwbfve xìI AwaKvi iqQ
cyilì Dci wbqg Abyhvqx Avi bvixì Dci cyilì kZ
iqQ| Avi Avjvn nQb civgkvjx, we| [m~iv evKviv: 228]
ivRvqvZ (cZvnvi) mnxn nIqvi Rb kZmg~n:
1. ZvjvKcvvvi mv_ mnevm nqQ|
2. ^vgx hZjv ZvjvKi gvwjK Zvi Pq Kg nIqv| hgb:
wZb ZvjvKi Kg|
3. ZvjvK hb Kvb wewbgq bv nq| hw` ZvjvK wewbgq (Lvjv
ZvjvK) nq Ze evqb nq hve|
4. cZvnvi mnxn weevn viv BZi gaB nZ ne|
hvi viv cZvnvi mve nq:
ZvjvKcvvK cZvnvi K_v viv nZ cvi| hgb: Avwg
Avgvi xK diZ wbjvg| A_ev ^vgx xK ai.... BZvw` fve
iL Ìqv| Avevi Kgi vivI nZ cvi| hgb: diZ bIqvi
wbqZ xi m mnevm... BZvw` Kiv|
ZvjvK I cZvnvii Rb mvx ivLvi weavb:
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
518
ZvjvKcvv xK diZ bqv
ZvjvK Ìqv I diZ bIqvi mgq `yRb mvx ivLv mybZ|

Avi mvx QvovI ZvjvK Ìqv I diZ bIqv mnxn| ivRqx
ZvjvKcvv hZY BZ _vKe ZZY xB| Avi cybivq wdwiq
bIqvi mgq kl ne BZi mgq kl njB|
ivRqvZ Z_v cybivq wdwiq bIqvi mgq Awj, gvnivbv, xi
mw Ges ZvK AewnZ Kiv Gmei KvbB cqvRb bB|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
519
Lvjv ZvjvK
4-Lvjv ZvjvK
Lvjv ZvjvK:
^vgx x _K wewbgq wbq weQ` Kivi bvg Lvjv ZvjvK|
Lvjv ZvjvK eaKiYi wnKgZ:
hw` ^vgx-xi gvS gneZ wb:kl nq co Ges NYv I kZv
fvjvevmvi vb `Lj Ki dj| Avi mgmv RwoZ nq co Ges
`yRbi A_ev GKRbi `vl-wU cKvk cvq| Ggb Aevq
Avjvn Zvqvjv wbwZi weK c_ I ei nIqvi iv Ki
w`qQb|
hw` wbwZ ^vgxi c _K cqvRb nq Ze Avjvn Zvi nvZ
ZvjvKi AwaKvi w`qQb| Avi hw` xi c _K cqvRb nq
Ze Avjvn Zvi Rb Lvjv K'i bIqv ea Ki w`qQb| x
^vgx _K hv MnY KiQ Zvi c~Y ev Kg wKsev Zvi Pq ekx
ZvK diZ wè hvZ Ki m ZvK weQ` Ki `q|
~}| { z y x wvm

:
l
(cZvnvihvM) ZvjvK njv `yevi ch Zvici nq wbqgvbyhvqx

ivLe, bv nq m`qZvi m eRb Kie| Avi Zvì KvQ _K
wbRi `qv m` nZ wKQz wdwiq bqv Zvgvì Rb RvqR
bq| wK h ^vgx I x DfqB G evcvi fq Ki h, Zviv
Avjvni wb`k eRvq ivLZ cvie bv, AZ:ci hw` Zvgvì fq
nq h, Zviv DfqB Avjvni wb`k eRvq ivLZ cvie bv, Zvnj
m x hw` wewbgq w`q AenwZ wbq bq, Ze Dfqi ga
KviviB Kvb cvc bB| [m~iv evKviv: 229]
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
520
Lvjv ZvjvK
R R

,
A> Q
,
w : >- 9 >

RgC
%7 J D O B s
E > 9 Q

,
w ! a= % :,
PB
R
%g7- A> :
D a= PB 3 T ( B - 1( CD ( X - 8( >
$ RP%&2
( )( ( :
D a= ; 0 ,
c EP %&F
.l=U d-O>
.$e P N( A @P( ]h
2. Beb Avevm [] _K ewYZ| QveZ Beb KvBm []-Gi x

bex []-Gi wbKU Gm ejj: n Avjvni im~j! Avwg QveZ Beb
KvBmi Pwi I xbi evcvi Kvb `vl-wU eYbv KiwQ bv|
wK Avwg Bmjvg KzdwiK fq KiwQ| im~jyjvn [] ejjb: Zzwg
wK Zvi evMvb ZvK diZ wè? gwnjvwU ejj: nuv, ZLb im~jyjvn
[] ejjb: (QveZ!) evMvb MnY Ki ZvK GK ZvjvK w`q
(Lvjv Ki) `vI|1
Lvjv ZvjvKi AvekKxqZv wK?
1. hLb x ^vgxK NYv Ki Zvi Lvivc AvPiY ev Amr Pwi
wKsev Pnviv-myiZ AcQ` A_ev Zvi AwaKvi ZvM bvn
nIqvi fq ZLb Lvjv ZvjvKK ea Kiv nqQ| Avi ^vgxi
Rb Dg njv Lvjv MnY Kiv; KviY Bnv ea Kiv nqQ|
2. hw` x ^vgxi xbi wUi Rb NYv Ki| hgb :mvjvZ ZvM
Kiv A_ev Amr Pwi| Ggb Aevq hw` ^vgxK fvj Kiv
me bv nq Ze xi Rb weQì Pv Kiv IqvwRe| Avi
hw` ^vgx Kvb nvivg KvR Ki Ges xK KiZ eva bv Ki,
Ze xi Dci Lvjv ZvjvK bIqv IqvwRe bq| Avi h Kvb
bvix Kvb mgmv QvovB ^vgxi KvQ ZvjvK PvBe m RvbvZi
myMw cve bv|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
521
Lvjv ZvjvK
xK AvUwKq ivLvi weavb:

xi wbKU _K Rvic~eK gvnivbv _K bIqvi Dk
ZvK AvUwKq ivLv ^vgxi cwZ nvivg| wK hw` x my dvnkv
Z_v Rbvq wj nq Ze ZLb nvivg ne bv|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
~ } | { zm

l
:./
n Cgvb`viMY! ejc~eK bvixì DivwaKvi MnY Kiv Zvgvì

Rb nvjvj bq Ges ZvìK AvUK iLv bv hvZ Zvgiv
ZvìK hv c`vb KiQ Zvi wKq`sk wbq bvI; wK Zviv hw`
Kvb cKvk AkxjZv Ki| bvixì mv_ mve Rxeb hvcb Ki|
AZ:ci hw` ZvìK AcQ` Ki, Ze nqZ Zvgiv Ggb GK
wRwbmK AcQ` KiQ, hvZ Avjvn AbK KjvY iLQb|
[m~iv wbmv:19]
Lvjv ZvjvKi weavb:
Lvjv GK cKvi weQ` PvB Zv Lvjv k viv nvK ev weQ`
wKsev wewbgq A_ev gywcY viv nvK| Avi hw` ZvjvK k wKsev
civ Kvb k ZvjvKi wbqZ nq Ze ZvjvK cwiMwYZ ne|
Lvjv ZvjvKi ci ^vgx xK diZ wbZ cvie bv| wK hw`
c~e wZb ZvjvK bv nq _vK Ze PvBj bZzb Ki AvK` I
gvnivbv viv weevn KiZ cvie|
Lvjv ZvjvKi mgq:
gvwmK I cwe me Aevq Lvjv Kiv RvqR AvQ| Avi
Lvjv ZvjvKcvv GK gvwmK BZ cvjb Kie| ^vgxi Rb
LvjvKZv xi AbygwZg ZvK bZzb AvK` I bZzb gvnivbv viv
BZi ci weevn KiZ cvie|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
522
Lvjv ZvjvK
Lvjv ZvjvK Ki bqvi m`:

hv gvnivbv nIqvi Rb RvqR Zv Lvjv ZvjvK wewbgq nIqv
RvqR| AZGe, x hw` ej AvgvK GK nvRvi UvKv BZvw` viv
Lvjv Ki `vI Ges ^vgx Ki Ze x QvU evqb nq hve| Avi
^vgx GK nvRvi UvKvi nK`vi ne| Avi hv gvnivbv w`qwQj Zvi
Pq ekx MnY Kiv DwPr bq|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
523
Cjv
5-Cjv
Cjv njv:
mg KiZ mg Ggb ^vgxi Avjvni bvg ev Zuvi Ab Kvb
bvg ev Yi viv njd Kiv h, m Zvi xi v KLbv ev Pvi
gvmi AwaK mgq mg Kie bv|
Cjv eaKiYi wnKgZ:
Cjv viv ^vgxì bvdigvb I Aeva xìK Avè Ìqv
Dk| ZvB ^vgxi Rb cqvRb cwigvY Z_v Pvi gvm ev Gi Kg
Cjv ea Kiv nqQ| Avi Gi AwZwiK nvivg I Ryjyg Ges
Abvq ej weePbv Kiv nqQ; KviY Bnv ^vgxi cwZ hv IqvwRe
Zv ZvM Kivi Dci Kmg|
Cjvi mgq mxgv wbaviYi wnKgZ:
RvnwjqvZi hyM cyiliv hw` xK cQ` bv KiZ Ges Ab
KD hvZ weevn bv KiZ cvi m Rb xK wZM Kivi
Dk njd KiZ h, m Zvi xK wPiZi ev GK eQi wKsev
`yeQi k Kie bv| ZvK Szj Aevq ivLZ, bv x Avi bv
ZvjvKcvv| ZvB Avjvn Zvqvjv Gi GK mxgv wbaviY Ki
w`qQb| Avi Zv njv Ea Pvi gvm Ges Gi AwZwi AwbKi
hv evwZj Ki w`qQb|
Cjv Kivi cwZ:
hw` Kmg Ki h xi wbKU KLbv ev Pvi gvmi AwaK hve
bv Zvnj m CjvKvix nq hve| hw` Pvi gvmi ga xi mv_
mnevm Ki Ze Cjv kl nq hve Ges Zvi cwZ njd fi
Kvddviv `qv Riwi nq hve| njd fi Kvddviv njv:
`kRb wgmwKbK Lvbv LvIqvbv A_ev ZvìK Kvco civbv
wKsev GKwU `vm-`vmx AvRv` Kiv| hw` Gjv bv cvi Ze wZb
w`b ivRv ivLv|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
524
Cjv
Avi hw` wgjb QvovB Pvi gvm Awg nq hvq, Ze xi

AwaKvi AvQ ^vgxK mnevm KiZ eva Kie| hw` wgjb Ki
Ze ^vgxi Dci njd fi Kvddviv Qvov Avi wKQzB Riwi ne
bv|
Avi hw` mnevm KiZ A^xKvi Ki, Ze x ZvjvK PvBe|
hw` ZvjvK w`Z A^xKvi Ki, Ze KvUi wePviK mvne xK
Awb nZ ivi Rb ^vgxi cwZ GK ZvjvK `qvi Rb eva
Kie|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
` _ ^ ] \ [ Z Y XWV U T S R Qm
:
l g f e d c b a
hviv wbRì xi wbKU Mgb Kie bv ej Kmg Lq em

Zvì Rb Pvi gvmi AeKvk iqQ| AZ:ci hw` cvivwiK
wgj-wgk Ki bq Ze Avjvn gvKvix `qvjy| Avi hw` eRb
Kivi msK Ki bq, Zvnj wbqB Avjvn keYKvix I vbx|
CjvKZv xi BZ ZvjvKcvvi bvq| BbkvvAvjvn mvgb Gi
eYbv Avme|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
525
wRnvi
6-wRnvi
wRnvi:
xK ev Zvi Kvb AK hvK vqxfve weevn Kiv nvivg Zvi
mv_ ev Zvi Kvb Ai mv_ Dcgv `qv| hgb: ^vgxi K_v, Zzwg
Avgvi Dci Avgvi gvi gZ A_ev Zzwg Avgvi cwZ Avgvi evbi
wcVi m`k BZvw`|
wRnvi evwZjKiYi nKgZ:
RvnwjqvZi hyM ^vgx xi cwZ h Kvb KviY ivM nj
ejZ: Zzwg Avgvi cwZ Avgvi gvi wcVi m`k Avi x ZvjvK nq
hZ| AZ:ci Bmjvg Gm bvixìK G wec` _K wbwZ `vb
Ges myfve e Kij h, wRnvi Kiv GK bvsiv I wg_v K_v;
KviY Gi Kvb wfw bB Ges x gv bq, ZvB gvi gZ nvivg ne|
Avi Bmjvg Gi weavbK evwZj ej NvlYv KiQ Ges wRnviKZ
xK ZZY nvivg Ki w`qQ hZY ^vgx Zvi fyji gvj
Kvdddviv Av`vq bv Ki|
^vgx Zvi xK wRnvi Ki Zvi m mnevm KiZ PvBj
hZY wRnvii Kvddviv Av`vq bv Kie ZZY wgjb Kiv
nvivg|
wRnvii weavb:
1. wRnviK Avjvn nvivg Ki w`qQb Ges wRnviKvixì frmbv
KiQb|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
cb a ` _ ^ ]\[ Z Y X W V Um
:
l o n m l k jih g f e d
Zvgvì ga hviv Zvì xMYK gvZv ej dj, Zvì

xMY Zvì gvZv bq| Zvì gvZv Kej ZvivB, hviv ZvìK
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
526
wRnvi
Rb`vb KiQ| Zviv Zv AmgPxb I wfwnxb K_vB ej| wbq

Avjvn gvRbvKvix, gvkxj| [m~iv gyRv`vjv: 2]
2. Kvb cyil Zvi xK wRnvi Kij hZY wRnvii Kvd&dviv bv
Av`vq Kie ZZY Zvi mv_ mg Kiv nvivg|
wRnvii wKQz cwZ:
1. webv kZ wRnvi Kiv hgb: ^vgx xK ejv, Zzwg Avgvi cwZ
Avgvi gvi wcVi gZ|
2. kZi mv_ wRnvi Kiv hgb: ejv, hLb igRvb gvm cek
Kie ZLb Zzwg Avgvi cwZ Avgvi gvi wcVi gZ|
3. wKQz mgqi Rb wRnvi Kiv hgb: ejv, Zzwg Avgvi cwZ
Avgvi gvi wcVi gZ kvevb gvm| hw` kvevb gvm kl nq
hvq Avi Gi ga mnevm bv Ki Ze wRnvi kl nq hve|
Avi hw` kvevb gvm mnevm Ki Ze Zvi cwZ wRnvii
Kvddviv diR nq hve|
^vgx xK wRnvi Kij Zvi m wgjbi c~eB Kvddviv
Av`vq Kie| Avi hw` Kvddviv Av`vqi c~e mnevm Ki
dj Zvnj bvnMvi ne Ges Zvi cwZ Kvddviv Av`vq Kiv
diR nq hve|
wRnvii Kvddvivi weavb:
wRnvii Kvddvivi wbgi ZiZxe IqvwRe:
1. GKRb gywgb `vm ev gywgbv `vmx AvRv` Kiv|
2. hw` bv cvB Ze GKvavi Kvb weiwZ QvovB `ygvm ivRv
ivLv| Avi Gi gvS hw` `yC` ev Amy BZvw` Aevq ivRv
bv ivL ZvZ avivevwnKZvi wewQb aiv ne bv|
3. hw` `ygvm avivevwnK ivRv ivLZ Ag nq, Ze lvURb
wgmwKbK `ki cavb Lv` nZ LvIqve ev `vb Kie|
cwZwU wgmwKbK Avav mvAv (cvq GK KwR 20 Mvg) Lv`
`vb Kie| A_ev lvURb wgmwKbK `ycyi ev iv GKevi
Lvbv LvIqve|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
527
wRnvi
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:

_ ~}| { z y x w v u t s r q pm
o n m l k j i h g f e d c ba `
~}| { z yx w v u t s rqp
:
l
hviv Zvì xMYK gvZv ej dj, AZ:ci wbRì Dw

cZvnvi Ki, Zvì Kvddviv GB: GK AciK k Kivi c~e
GKwU `vmK gyw wè| GUv Zvgvì Rb Dc`k ne| Avjvn
Lei ivLb Zvgiv hv Ki| hvi Gi mvg_ bB, m GK AciK
k Kivi c~e GKvwag `yB gvm ivRv ivLe| h GZI
Ag, m lvURb wgmwKbK Avnvi Kive| GUv G Rb, hvZ
Zvgiv Avjvn I Zuvi im~ji cwZ wekvm vcb Ki| Gjv
Avjvni wbavwiZ kvw| Avi Kvdiì Rb iqQ hYv`vqK
AvRve| [m~iv gyRv`vjv: 3-4]
Avjvn Zuvi ev`vi cwZ `qvkxj ZvB Zv wgmwKb-dwKiìK
Avnvi KivbK cvci Kvddviv I bvn wgwUq Ìqvi gvag
Ki w`qQb|
hw` ^vgx Zvi xK ej: hw` AgyK vb hvI Ze Zzwg Avgvi
cwZ Avgvi gvi wcVi bvq| hw` Gi viv x wbRi Dci
nvivg Kiv Dk nq, Ze wRnviKvix ne| ZvB hZY
wRnvii Kvddviv Av`vq bv Kie ZZY xi mv_ wgjb
KiZ cvie bv| Avi hw` Gi viv m KvRwU KiZ wbla
Kiv Dk nq nvivg Kiv bv, Ze x nvivg ne bv| wK
^vgxi cwZ IqvwRe njv njd f Kivi Kvddviv Av`vq Kiv
Ges Gici Zvi njd f Kiv|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
528
wRnvi
hw` mKj xMYK GK k viv wRnvi Ki, Ze GKwU gv

Kvddviv Riwi ne| Avi hw` GKvwaK k viv Zvì mv_
wRnvi Ki, Ze cZKi Rb Avjv`v Avjv`v Kvddviv
Riwi ne|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
529
wjAvb
7-wjAvb
(^vgx-x GK AciK Awfkvc Ìqv)
wjAvb:
wjAvb njv wePviK ev Zuvi `vwqZkxji wbKU ^vgxi c
nZ Avjvni jvbZ-Awfkvci e``vqv| Avi xi c nZ
Avjvni MRei e``vqvmn KZwj mv I Kmgi bvg|
wjAvbi weavb ceZbi wnKgZ:
hLb Kvb ^vgx ^xq xK ewfPvi wj nZ `Le, hvi
dj mgvR jvwZ nQ A_ev Zvi cwievi b nq hvQ, A_ev
Zvi Jim Abi mvb wgwkZ nQ| GgZvevq ^vgx Kvb
cgvY Dcvcb KiZ bv cvij Ges ewfPvii Aciva mve
KiZ bv cvij ev x ^Qvq ^xKvi bv Kij, G wec` nZ
wbwZ I mgmv mgvavbi RbB Avjvn ZvAvjv wjAvbi weavb
ceZb KiQb| ZvB Dfq ciiK Awfkvc `qvi c~e
ZvìK Avjvni fxwZ c`vb I IqvR-bmxnZ Kiv gyvnve-Dg|
^vgx (xi AcKg wj nIqvi AwfhvM) Dcvcbi ci hw`
Avjvni bvg Kmg Ki ejZ A^xKvi Ki, Zvnj ZvK
wg_v Acevì kvw 80evNvZ cnvi KiZ ne| Avi x
hw` ewfPvi wj nIqvi K_v ^xKvi Ki Zvnj ZvK iRg
(ci wbc nZv) KiZ ne|
Aci ewi xK Rbvi AwfhvMi weavb:
Kvb ew Acii x AcKg wj nIqvi AwfhvM Ki
PviRb mvx DcwZ KiZ bv cvij ZvK wg_v Acev` `vbKvix
wnmve kvw îc 80evNvZ cnvi KiZ ne| Avi ZIev I
mskvab bv nIqv ch m dvmK ej MY ne Ges Zvi mv
MnYhvM ne bv|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
530
wjAvb
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:

i h g f e d c b a ` _ ~ } |m
z y x w v u t s r q p o n m lkj
:/
l | {
hviv mZx-mvax bvixi cwZ Acev` Avivc Ki, AZ:ci ^c

PviRb cyil mvx DcwZ KiZ cvi bv, ZvìK AvwkwU (80)
evNvZ Ki Ges KLbI Zvì mv Keyj Ki bv, GivB njv
dvmK ev bvdigvb| wK hviv Gici ZIev Ki Ges mskvwaZ
nq, Avjvn (Zvì Rb) gvkxj, AwZ `qvjy| [m~iv b~i: 4-5]
wjAvbi kZmg~n:
1. ivcwZ ev ckvmK wKsev Zvì cwZwbwai myL cv eq
^vgx-xi gvS G wjAvb msNwUZ nZ ne|
2. wjAvbi c~e ^vgx KZK xi cwZ hbv-evwfPvii Acev`
_vKZ ne|
3. ^vgxi G Acev`K x A^xKvi Ges wjAvb mb nIqv ch
^xq gZi Dci AUj _vKe|
wjAvbi cwZ:
hLb Kvb ^vgx ^xq xK hbv-evwfPvi wj nIqvi Acev`
Avivc Kie Ges Kvb cgvY Dcvcb KiZ cvie bv ZLb
ZvK (^vgxK) wg_v Acevì kvw cqvM Kiv ne, Ze
wjAvbi gvag m kvw nZ wbwZ cZ cvi|
wjAvbi cwZ wbgic:
1. mec_ g ^vgx Pvievi eje:Avwg Avjvni Kmg Ki mv
w`wQ h, Avgvi GB xK hbv-evwfPvi wj nIqvi h Acev`
Avivc KiwQ, m welq Avwg mZev`x| x DcwZ _vKj Zvi
w`K BwZ Kie| Avi cgevi D mv Gi mv_ Aviv ew
Ki eje :
531
weevn I Zvi cwiwk

:/
wjAvb
l m
hw` m (^vgx) wg_vev`x nq Zvnj Zvi Dci Avjvni jvbZAwfkvc ewlZ ne| [m~iv b~i:7]
2. AZ:ci x Pvievi eje:Avwg Avjvni Kmg Ki mv w`wQ
h, AvgvK hbv-evwfPvi wj nIqvi h Acev` w`qQb ZvZ
m wg_vev`x| Avi cgevi D mvi mv_ Aviv ew Ki
eje:
:/
z {
hw` m (^vgx) mZev`x nq Zvnj Zvi (xi) Dci Avjvni

Zvqvjvi MRe cwZZ ne| [m~iv b~i: 9]
mybwZ wbqg njv:
wjAvb i Kivi c~e ^vgx-x Dfqi cZKK fq-fxwZ I
bmxnZ g~jK K_v bvbv, cgevi mv c`vbi mgq ^vgxi gyL
nvZ iL ZvK ejZ ne AvjvnK fq Ki Ges Rb ivL
`ywbqvi kvw AvLivZi kvwi Pq AbK nvjKv; KviY Zvgvi
mv mZ bv nj Zvgvi Rb AvLivZi kvw Acwinvh|
Abyicfve xKI ejZ ne wK Zvi gyL nvZ ivLZ ne bv|
Aviv mybZx wbqg njv : ivcwZ ev ckvmK wKsev Zuvì cwZwbwa
Ges RbmvaviYi DcwwZZ ùvovbv Aevq Dfq wjAvb
Kie|
Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb:
~ }{

- :/ z
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
532
wjAvb
Avi hviv Zvì xì cwZ Acev` Avivc Ki Ges Zviv

wbRiv Qvov Zvì Kvb mvx bB, Gic ewi mv Gfve ne
h, m Avjvni Kmg Lq Pvievi mv è, m AekB
mZev`x| Ges cgevi eje h, hw` m wg_vev`x nq, Ze Zvi
Dci Avjvni jvbZ| Avi xi kvw iwnZ nq hve hw` m
Avjvni Kmg Lq Pvievi mv `q h, Zvi ^vgx AekB
wg_vev`x Ges cgevi eje: hw` Zvi ^vgx mZev`x nq Ze
Zvi Dci Avjvni MRe bg Avme| [m~iv b~i: 6-9]
wjAvb mb nj cuvPwU Kzg mve ne:
^vgxi Dci wg_v Acevì kvw iwnZ ne|
x evwfPvii kvw iRg nZ gyw cve|
Dfqi gvS mK wewQb nq hve|
Dfq GK Acii Rb wPivqx fve nvivg nq hve|
hw` Kvb mvb nq Zvnj m mvb ^vgx cve bv eis x
cve|
wjAvbi KviY weevn eb wewQb nIqvi ci BZ _vKv
Kvjxb mgq x Kvbic fiY-cvlY I evmvb cve bv|

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
533
BZ
8 BZ
BZ:
ZvjvK viv weevn eb wewQb nIqv A_ev ^vgxi gZzi ci h

wbw` mgqKvj x Acv Ki Ges Abi mv_ weevn eb
Ave nIqv _K weiZ _vK H mgqK BZ ejv nq|
BZi Kzg:
weevni ci ^vgxi mv_ wbRb evm nj ZvjvK viv weevn
wewQb nvK A_ev ^vgxi gZyi ci cwZwU xi BZ cvjb Kiv
diR| hvZ Ki mvb cme nIqv A_ev KqK gvwmK AwZg
nIqv A_ev KqK gvm AwZevwnZ nIqvi gvag ^xq Rivqyi
mQZv mK AeMZ nZ cvi| Avi G weevn wewQbZv PvB
ZvjvKi gvag A_ev Lvjv ZvjvKi viv A_ev Ab hfveB
nvK bv Kb mKj BZ cvjb Kiv chvR|
BZi weavb ceZbi wnKgvZ ev inm:
1. Rivqyi mQZv mK wbwZ nIqv, hvZ esk Kvb ic
mswgkY bv NU|
2. ZvjvK c`vbKvixK wKQy AeKvk Ìqv, hvZ AbyZ nq
xK wdwiq wbZ cvi hgba ivRqx ZvjvK chvR|
3. weevn cwZi iZvivc Kiv nq; KviY Bnv KZjv kZ
Qvov msNwUZ nq bv Abyic wKQy Acv I ahaviY Qvov
fI nq bv|
4. ^vgx-xi `vZ RxebK mvb c`kb Kiv; KviY G Rxeb
mnRB Abi Rb nq hvq bv, wKQy Acv I AeKvki
cqvRb nq|
5. x hw` MfeZx nq Zvnj Mfi msiY Kiv|
AZGe, BZ Pvi aiYi nK ev AwaKvi iqQ: Avjvni nK,
^vgxi nK, xi nK I mvbi nK|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
534
BZ
BZi AvnKvg:
xi mv_ wgjbi c~eB hw` ZvjvK Ìqv nq, Zvnj Zvi
Kvb BZ bB| Avi hw` wgjbi ci ZvjvK Ìqv nq, Zvnj
ZvK AekB BZ cvjb KiZ ne| wK wgjbi c~e ev ci
hw` ^vgx gviv hvq, Zvnj mevevq ^vgxi cwZ kv c`kb I
m`vPiYi Rb Pvigvm `k w`b BZ cvjb KiZB ne| Avi
GgZvevq x ^vgxi DivaxKvi cve|
} | { z y x w v u t s r q{
:78'
z h f e d c ba ` _ ~
n gygbMY! Zvgiv hLb gywgb bvixìK weevn Ki| AZ:ci

ZvìK k Kivi c~eB ZvjvK w`q `vI, ZLb ZvìK BZ
cvjb eva Kivi AwaKvi Zvgvì bB, Zvgiv ZvìK wKQy
`vI Ges ZvìK Dg cvq we`vq `vI| [m~iv Avnhve: 49]
L KJ I H G F E D C B A{
[ Z Y X WVU T S R Q P O N M
:
z \
Avi Zvgvì ga hviv gZzeiY Kie Ges wbRì xìK

Qo hve, ZLb m xì KZe njv, wbRK Pvigvm `kw`b
ch Acv Kiv| AZ:ci hLb BZ c~Y Kie, ZLb wbRì
evcvi bvq mZ eev wbj Zvgvì Kvb Aciva ne bv|
Avi Zvgvì hveZxq Kgi evcvi Avjvn AeMZ iqQb|
[m~iv evKviv: 234]
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
535
BZ
BZ cvjbKvix gwnjvì cKvi:

Giv Qq cKvi:
1. MfeZx gwnjv:
^vgxi gZz, ZvjvK I weevn weQ` nZ mvb cme ch
njv MfavwiYxi BZ| hvi mewbg mgq njv Qq gvm Avi Ea
bq gvm| Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
:"!
z {
MfeZx bvixì BZKvj mvb cme ch| [m~iv ZvjvK:4]

2. weaev bvix:
^vgxi gZzi mgq hw` MfeZx nq Zvnj mvb cme ch Zvi
BZ| Avi hw` MfeZx bv nq Zvnj Pvi gvm `k w`b Zvi BZ|
Aek G mgqi ga Zvi MfeZx nIqv I bv nIqv nq
hve|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
KJ I H G F E D C B A{
z \
Avi Zvgvì ga hviv gZyeiY Kie Ges wbRì xì
Qo hve, ZLb m xì KZe njv, wbRìK Pvigvm
`kw`b ch Acv Kiv| [m~iv evKviv:234]
3. ZvjvKcvv bvix:
hw` MfeZx bv nq Zvnj Zvi BZ njv wZb gvwmK ch|
Avi hw` ZvjvK Qvov Ab Kvb fve weevn weQ` nq hgb:
Lvjv ZvjvK, wjAvb BZvw` Zvnj BZ njv GK gvwmK-wgbm&|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
:
:
z u mlk j i h{
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
536
BZ

[m~iv evKviv:288]
4. Acv eqv wKsev eqvev bvix:
hvì FZzmve e nq MQ wKsev Avi nqwb Zvì ^vgxi
gZzeiY QvovB hw` weevn eb (ZvjvK, Lvjv BZvwì gvag)
wewQb nq Zvì BZ njv wZb gvm|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
{
z
Zvgvì xì ga hvì FZzeZx nIqvi Avkv bB, Zvì
evcvi m`n nj Zvì BZ ne wZb gvm| Avi hviv GLbI
FZzi eqm cuQwb, ZvìI Abyic BZKvj ne|
[m~iv ZvjvK: 4]
5. h bvixi nvqh ARvbv KviY e:
Zvi BZ nj GK ermi| bq gvm MfaviYi mgq wnmve Avi
wZb gvm BZi Rb|
6. h bvixi ^vgx wbLuvR:
hw` ^vgxi RxeY-giY mK Kvb Lei cvIqv bv hvq Zvnj
x Zvi AvMgbi Rb Acv Kie| A_ev wePviK mZKZvg~jK
Kvb mgq eua wèb| m mgqi ga bv Avmj mgq kl
nIqvi ci wePviK Zvi gZy nqQ ej wmv wèb| m w`b
nZ x Pvi gvm `k w`b BZ cvjb Kie| BZ kl BQv
Kij Ab weq emZ cvie|
ZvjvKcvv xZ`vmxi BZ nj `yB gvwmK ch| hw` Acv
eqv A_ev ev nq Zvnj `yB gvm| Avi MfeZx nj mvb
cme ch|
:"!
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
537
BZ
x bv Ggb hviv Zvì BZ:

1. Kvb ew wgjb NUQ Ggb xZ`vmxi gvwjK nj Zvi
Rivqyi mQZv bv nIqv ch Zvi mv_ wgjb Kie bv| hw`
MfeZx nq Zvnj cme ch, nvqh nj GK nvqh ch, ev I
Acv eqv nj GK gvm ch Acv Kie|
2. h bvixi hbv-ewfPvi, A weevn ev Ab Kvb gvag wgjb
NUQ, A_ev Lvjv (ZvjvK) nqQ, Zvi BZ njv GK nvqh
Gi viv Zvi Rivqyi mQZv AeMZ nIqv hvq| Kvb bvix ivRqx
ZvjvKi BZ _vKv Aevq Zvi ^vgx gviv Mj, D BZ
evwZj nq ^vgx gZzi w`b nZ (Pvi gvm `k w`bi) BZ i
nq hve|
kvK cvjbi weavb:
h bvixi ^vgx gviv hvq Zvi BZi c~Y mgqKvj kvK cvjb
Kiv Acwinvh|
kvK cvjb njv:
PvKwPK ek f~lY, PvKwPK cvkvK cwiQ`, AjsKvi,
gn`x, myigv, myMw BZvw` hv bvixi cwZ AvKlY evovB G me
eRb Kiv| Kvb x hw` Gic kvK cvjb bv Ki, Zvnj m
bvnMvi ne| Avi G Rb ZvK Avjvni KvQ gv cv_bv I
ZIev Kiv Riwi|
:V >- 9 M&2
A :
a= > @ ` K= $ N g3>D

R! e?au
9 xa w Q
( A f x-4
- @ i > $ ; = >
5 !
. w
a B ,
. g9
.= R1( > >

.S
D
9 :e Y 0 L
- @ h # ! ! xh MQ' A f)D 2
EC( A fs
u
m
a w
. J1E9
gwnjv mvnvex D AvZxqv (iv:) nZ ewYZ, bex [] ejb:Kvb

bvix gZ ewi Rb wZb w`bi ewk kvK cvjb KiZ cvie bv|
wK gZ ^vgx nj Pvi gvm `k w`b kvK cvjb Kie| mv`v-wmav
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
538
BZ
Kvco Qvov Kvb iwb Kvco cwiavb Kie bv| AvZi myMw I
myigv eenvi Kie bv| Ze gvwmK nZ cweZv ARbi mgq
Zzjv BZvw` iv A myMw jvwMq jvvb ivLZ cvie|1
kvK cvjbi mgq mxgv:
^vgx Qvov Abi Rb wZbw`b kvK cvjb Kiv RvqR
iqQ| Avi ^vgx gviv Mj Pvigvm `kw`b h BZ cvjb KiZ
nq g~jZ: BnvB kvK cvjbi wbavwiZ mgq| ^vgxi gZzi mgq
x MfeZx nj mvb cmei gvag BZ I kvK cvjbi
mgqI kl nq hve|
BZ cvjbi vb:
1. ^vgx gviv Mj x ^vgxi evoxZB BZ cvjb Kie| hw`
Kvb fq-fxwZ I mgmv _vK Zvnj hLvb BQv BZ cvjb
KiZ cvie| BZ cvjb Kvj cqvRb evBi ei nIqv RvqR
iqQ| ^vgxi Ni ev Ab hLvbB _vKzK bv Kb (Pvi gvm
`kw`b) mgq cvi nIqvi mv_ mv_ BZi mgq kl nq hve|
2. ivRqx ZvjvKi BZ cvjbKvix bvix ^vgxi evoxZB _vKe
Ges ZvK Lvi-cvl w`Z ne; Kbbv m GLbI Zvi x| Zvi
K_v I KvR Ges cKvk AkxjZvq cwievii jvKiv K bv
cvIqv ch ^vgxi evox nZ ZvK ei Ki Ìqv hve bv|
3. evqb ZvjvKcvv bvix MfeZx nj mvb cme Kiv ch ZvK
LiP w`Z ne| Avi hw` MfeZx bv nq Zvnj BZi mgq Kvb
LvivwK w`Z ne bv| evqb ZvjvKcvv, Lvjv ZvjvK I
Abfve weevn weQ` NUj m bvix Zvi wcZKyj BZ cvjb
Kie|
1. eyLvix nvt bs 5342 gymwjg ZvjvK ce nvt bs 938 k ZviB
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
539
BZ
BZcvjbKvwiYxi Rb hv Kiv RvqR:

BZcvjbKvwiYxi Rb RvqR njv:
cwivi-cwiQb nIqv, Mvmj Kiv, Pzj cwicvwU Kiv, mvaviY
cvkvK cwiavb Kiv, kvjxbfve cqvRb evwo _K ei nIqv
Ges Kvb cKvi m`n bv _vKj cyilì mv_ K_v ejv|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
540
`ya cvb Kivbv
9-`ya cvb Kivbv

`ya cvb Kivbv:
`yB ermi eqmi ga Kvb gwnjvi Mfvevq ev Zvi ci b
nZ `ya cvb KivK ivhvAvZ ejv nq|
,
R B
M : '@ K
=

9 O> ,
* fs
S

9 3 - 2
% 9
K-
9 3 - 2
% f ) 2
A : : b ' F
. J1E9.$
K-
Avyjvn Beb Avevm (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb h, bex [`:]

nvgRv (iv:) Gi gq mK ejb: m Avgvi (weevni) Rb
nvjvj bq; ii KviY hic nvivg nq mic `ya cvbi vivI
nvivg nq| m Avgvi `ya fvB (nvgRv)-Gi gq|1
h `ya cvb gvnivg evbvq:
`yB ermi eqmi ga cuvPevi `ya cvb Kij nvivg mve
nq: hLb Kvb gwnjv Kvb wkK `yB ermii ga cvuPevi
`yacvb Kive, ZLb m gwnjvi mvb Zvi ^vgxi mvb Ges ^vgxi
mKj gvnivg (hvì mv_ weevn eb nvivg) m wki Rb nvivg
nq hve| Abyic `yacvbKvwiYx gwnjvi gvnivg I `yacvbKvix
wki gvnivg ej MY ne| `yacvbKvwiYx gwnjv I Zvi ^vgxi
mKj mvbiv D wki fvB I evb ej MY ne| wK `ya
cvbKvix wki wcZv-gvZv I Zvì `yRbi kvLv-ckvLvi gvS G
nvivg weavb mve ne bv| myZivs `yacvbKvix wki `ya fvB I
evb Ges Zvi eskxq fvB I evbì gvS weevn eb ea ne|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
541
`ya cvb Kivbv
GKevi `yacvbi cwigvY:

wkevPv b nZ `yacvb i Kie AZ:ci mQvq Kvb
KviY QvovB b nZ gyL Zzj wbe, GUvB nj GKevi `ya cvb
Kiv| A_ev GK b nZ `ya cvb Kivi ci Ab b gyL jvMvj
GKevi ej MY ne| Aci b nZ `ya cvb Ki c~ei b
wdi Mj `yBevi `ya cvb Kiv MY ne| Aek mgvR cPwjZ
wbqgiI G iZ iqQ| Avi `yacvb Kivbvi mymyì Ges Pwi I agxq w`K _K Dg bvixK `vwqZ ÌqvUvB
Dg|
hv viv `ya cvb mve ne:
`yRb cyil A_ev GKRb cyil I `yBRb gwnjv A_ev GKRb
`xb`vi gwnjv `yacvbKvwiYx nvK ev Ab KD nvK Gi mv
`vbi gvag `yacvbi Kzg mve ne|
`ya cvbi cfve:
1. h Kvb gwnjv wkK `yacvb Kivj D wk Zvi mvb
wnmve MY ne| Dfqi gvS weevn-eb nvivg nq hve|
cii `Lv-mvvr ea nq hve| Abyic GKRbi gvnivg
AciRbi gvnivg ej MY ne| wK GK Acii Lvi-cvl
`qv ev AwffveKZ I DivwaKvixZ Acwinvh ne bv|
2. MncvwjZ ci `yacvbi gvag gq gvbyli `yacvbi gZ
ivhvAvZ mve ne bv| AZGe, hw` `ywU wk Kvb GK ci
`ya cvb Ki GZ Zviv `ya fvB ev evb ne bv| Kvb cyil Kvb
gwnjvK i`vb Kij GZI Kvb ivhvAvZ mve nq bv Ges
Dfqi gvS G KviY nvivgI mve ne bv|
3. hw` Kviv ivhvAvZ mve KiZ m`n nq A_ev cuvPevi
msLvq m`n nq Ges Kvb `wjj cgvb cvIqv bv hvq Zvnj
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
542
`ya cvb Kivbv
mve nebv; Kbbv ivhvAvZ mve nvivg bv nIqvUvB nj

Avmj Aev|
eoì `yacvbi weavb:
`yB ermi eqmi ga cuvPevi ev ZZvwaK `yacvbi gvag
nvivg mve nq BnvB njv mvaviY wbqg| wK wekl cqvRb
Kvb evwi evwoi wfZi Avkv hvIqv GKv cqvRb `Lv w`j
Ges Zvi mv_ c`v iv Ki Pjv Kmva nj eq ewK
`yacvbi gvagI ivRvAvZ mve Kiv RvqR iqQ|

g ! ) @ ,
$D @ L
\[ d :,
@ ` K= $ 4
_

a * aO7
9 $ 1 %Y F > d B => g0! ! a= % :,
PB
a R* ; K
= >D t
8 : ,
; K
= > :
M PB 1D F
)V Rd= R0> ,
' & :
D a= SEB c
^ 8 )V d =
. J1E9. x=&
& @ i
& 8 n%&F B ^-' 7 5 .

^ 8
Avqkv (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb: mvnjv we mynvBj bex [`:]

Gi KvQ Gm ejj: n Avjvni im~j! Avgvi KvQ mvjgi
AvmvUv Avey hvBdv fvj gb KiQb bv| bex [`:] ejjb: wVK
AvQ Zvnj ZvK `ya cvb Kivq `ya Qj evwbq bvI| m ejj,
m Zv eo gvbyl ZvK wKfve `ya cvb Kivev? bex [`:] nm
ejjb: Avwg Zv Rvwb m eo gvbyl| Avgi Zvi nv`xm
AwZwi eYbv KiQb h, m eìi hy nvwRi nqwQj|1
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
543
wki cwZcvjb
10- wki cwZcvjb

nvhvbvn cwZcvjbi mv:
QvU wk A_ev nZeyw ewK Zvi AwbKi wRwbm _K
ndvRZ I jvjb-cvjb Kiv| Avi m wbR mvejw^ bv nIqv ch
Zvi mev-klv Kivi bvg nvhvbvn|
wk evPvi AwffveKZ ev ccvlKZv `yB cKvi:
1. wk evPvi ab-m` I weevn-kvwì ccvlKZv| G
gvZvi Pq wcZvi cvavb ewk|
2. wk evPvi cwiPhv I `yacvb Kivbvi ccvlKZv| G
wcZvi Pq gvi cvavb ewk|
wki cwiPhvi AwaKvi Kvi ewk:
1. Bmjvgi AbZg ewk njv wki cwiPhvq c~Y iZ
c`vb| hw` wcZv-gvZvi gvS weQ` NU Zvnj G QvU
evPvi cwiPhvi AwaKvi njv Zvi gvZvi; Kbbv QvU evPvi
cwZ gvB ewk `qvkxjv I AwaK ahaviYx Ges Zvi cwZcvjb,
cwiPhv I Nyg cvovbvi evcvi ewk AeMZ|
2. wki cwiPhv Kiv cwiPhvKvixi AwaKvi Zvi cwZ Riwi bv|
ZvB h Zv nZ weiZ _vKZ PvBe Zv KiZ cvie| Avi G
`vwqZ cieZx ewi Dci bv ne| Avi cwiPhvq h
wbKUZg mB c_g nK`vi| hw` eivei nq Zvnj bvix
AMvwaKvi| hgb: evev-gvi gva bvix Z_v gv AMvwaKvi
ne| Avi hw` `yBRbB cyil ev gwnjv nq, Zvnj GKB
w`Ki nj `yRbi gvS jUvwi KiZ ne| gv I `v`v nj
gvi AMvwaKvi; KviY wZwb wbKUZg| Avi evev I `v`x nj
evev AMvwaKvi ne; KviY wZwb wbKUZg| Avi gv I evev nj
gvi AMvwaKvi; KviY wbKUZvi w`K _K `yBRb eivei, ZvB
gv AMvwaKvi| Avi `v`v-`v`x nj `v`x Ges gvgv I Lvjv nj
Lvjv AMvwaKvi ne| `v`x I bvbx nj `v`x AMvwaKvi cve|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
544
wki cwZcvjb
Avi hw` GKB w`Ki nq Zvnj jUvwi viv wbevPb KiZ

ne|
cwiPhvi AwaKvi wejyKiY:
wk evPvi cwiPhvKvix hw` Ag nq A_ev wk evPvi
KjvYv_ ZvK bv Ìqv nq, ZLb cieZx vb hvi mB
`vwqZkxj ne| wk evPvi gv hw` wZxq ^vgx MnY Kib Zvnj
Zvi AwaKvi evwZj nq hve Ges cieZxRb m `vwqZ cve|
Ze wZxq ^vgxi mwZmvc gv Zvi cwiPhvi `vwqZ cvjb
KiZ cvib|
cv_K vb jvfi ci Kv_vq cwiPhv ne:
1. hLb wk-evPvi eqm mvZ ermi ne ZLb ZvK wcZv-gvZvi
`yRbi GKRbK MnY Kivi ^vaxbZv `qv ne, m hvK
MnY Kie mB cwiPhvi `vwqZ MnY Kieb| hvi KvQ wkevPvi msiY I KjvYi wUi AvksKv Kiv ne Zvi KvQ
wkK ivLv hve bv| Abyic Kvb gymwjg ewi Dci Kvwdi
ewK cvavb `qv hve bv|
2. wk evPv gq nj gvi wbKU _vKe hZY ^vgx bv MnY
Ki; KviY gv Abvbì Pq ewk mnkxjv GgbwK evev
_KI| Zv Qvov evev Zvi cqvRb evwoi evBi hve hLb
gq gv nZ gvnig nq evwoZ GKvwK co _vKe|
3. wk evPv Qj nj cveq nIqvi ci Zvi BQvbyhvqx
_vKe|
cwiPhvi LiPvw`:
QvU evPvi cwihPvi LiP evevi cwZ| hw` evev Mwie nq
Zvnj evPvi wbRi m` _K LiP Kie| wK hw` Zvi m`
bv _vK Zvnj evevi cwZ LiP eZve hv Av`vq ev `vqgy nIqv
Qvov iwnZ ne bv|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
545
fiY-cvlYi `vwqZfvi
11-fiY-cvlYi `vwqZfvi
bvdvKvZ:
Aaxb ewì bvhfve Lv`, e, evmvb I wbR
cqvRbxq welqvwì `vwqZfvi MnYi bvg nj bvdvKvZ Z_v fiYcvlY|
fiY-cvlY IqvwRei KviY wZbwU:
eevwnK, AvZxqZv I gvwjKvbv|
fiY-cvlYi `vwqZfvi MnYi ghv`v I dwRjZ:
{
: z
hviv ^xq ab-m` eq Ki iv I w`b, Mvcb I cKvk|

Zvì Rb Zvì cwZ`vb iqQ Zvì cwZcvjKi KvQ|
Zvì Kvb Avkv bq Ges Zviv wPwZI ne bv|
[m~iv evKviv:274]
* > )D d - J 1 0> #! :
g
7. a;S
9 >

. J1E9
.$V &
a @ B @S
W E2
%
2. Avey gvmD` (iv:) nZ ewYZ, bex [`:] ejb:hLb Kvb

gymwjg ew ^xq cwievii Rb eq Ki Ges GZ cwZ`vbi
Avkv Ki ZLb Zv m`Kv ej MY nq hvq|1
$ R9 = +( R S :
M : : - %- * >

. J1E9.= @
_u ) _P( > ) B & * /' (8
C S
' (
546
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
fiY-cvlYi `vwqZfvi
3. Avey ivBiv (iv:) nZ ewYZ, bex [`:] ejb:weaev I

wgmwKbì mnhvwMZvq cPvKvix Avjvni ivvq wRnv`Kvixi
bvq| A_ev ivZfi bvgvR Av`vqKvix I w`bfi ivRv cvjbKvixi
bvq|1
xi fiY-cvlYi Aevmg~n:
1. xi fiY-cvlY Z_v Zvi Lv`, e, wPwKrmv I evmvb Abyic
hv cqvRb BZvwì eq Kiv ^vgxi Dci diR| Aek Zv vb,
Kvj-cv I Dfqi A_bwZK mwZ Abyhvqx ne|
Rvei (iv:) nZ ewYZ, bex [`:] Zuvi we`vq nRi fvlY ejb:
\W RSg RB aDPAB _B...... CD 3^ -F CD a9 > 8D \[ 97 !

R@ ...... R $ ' C
@ d -BD E( 2
E 9+
* a'AY( O > CD 0T B
.S9 d-O>
. p
-; ' (
@ Aa S
8
@ D 5 = CD
Zvgvì Rvb I gvj Abvqfve nc Kiv nvivg--, G nv`xm

Aviv iqQ :Zvgiv bvixì evcvi AvjvnK fq Ki; KviY
Zvgiv ZvìK Avjvni AvgvbZ wnmve MnY KiQ| Zvgiv
Avjvni evYxi gvag Zvì hbvK nvjvj Ki wbqQ|-----myZivs ZvìK fvjfve fiY-cvlY I cvkvKvw` `qv Zvgvì
KZe Ges GUv Zvì nK|2
2. ivRqx ZvjvKcvv gwnjvi Zvi fiY-cvlY `qv ^vgxi
KZe| G Qvov Zvi Avi Kvb (hgb ivw hvcb BZvwì) Kvb
AwaKvi bq|
3. x ZvjvK A_ev Abfve (^vgx nZ) wewQb nq Mj
Mfvevq fiY-cvlY cve| Avi hw` MfeZx bv nq Zvnj fiYcvlY I evmvb wKQyB cve bv|
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
547
fiY-cvlYi `vwqZfvi
4. ^vgx gviv hvIqvq x weaev nj Zvi Rb Kvb fiY-cvlY

bq| Ze hw` x MfeZx nq Zvnj Mfi mvbi DivwaKvii
Ask nZ weaev xi fiY-cvlY Ìqv diR| Avi hw` Mfi
mvbi Kvb Ask bv _vK Zvnj IqvwiQì fvj eenvi Kiv
DwPr|
5. x hw` ^vgxi mv_ SMov-weev` wj nq A_ev ^vgx nZ
Ave nq hvq Zvnj x Kvb fiY-cvlY cve bv Ze MfeZx
nj cve|
AbycwZ ^vgxi xi AwaKvi:
1. ^vgx hw` AbycwZ _vK Ges G Rb xi fiY-cvlY bv `q
Zvnj AZxZi w`bjvmn ^vgxK fiY-cvlY w`Z ne|
2. ^vgx hw` fiY-cvlY w`Z AcviM nq A_ev AbycwZ _vK
Ges xi Rb Kvb fiY-cvlY iL bv hvq| Avi ^vgxi m`
nZ xK MnY Kivi mwZ bv `q, Zvnj x BQv Kij
AvBbi gvag weevn weQ` Ki wbZ cvi|
wcZv-gvZv, Qj-gq I AvZxq-^Rbi fiY-cvlYi
eqfvi MnY Kivi weavb:
wcZv-gvZv I hZB Eai (A_vr `v`v-`v`x, bvbv-bvbx) nvK
bv Kb Zvì fiY-cvlb Ìqv diR| Aek G gvZv
wcZvi Pq ewk cvavb cveb| Abyic mvb hZB wbgi (A_vr
bvwZ, cywZ) nvK bv Kb Zvì fiY-cvlb Ìqv diR| GgbwK
cii IqvwiQì ga LiP`vZv hw` abx nq Ges MnxZv `wi`
nq Zvnj wcZvi Dci mvbi fiY-cvlb myì I mZfve
Ìqv Acwinvh|
~} | { z{

:
z
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
548
fiY-cvlYi `vwqZfvi
Avi gvZviv Zvì mvbìK c~Y `yeQi `ya cvb Kive, hw`
`yacvbi c~Y gqv` mb KiZ Pvq| Avi mvbì AwaKvix
A_vr wcZvi Dci bvixi mg fiY-cvlY `qv diR cPwjZ myì
wbqg Abyhvqx| [m~iv evKviv:233]
RS2

R MJRF>
9 a= % :)V d = : : - %- * >

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. 07 > 07 > wD a> wD 6

M9>D wD 6
M9>D wD 6
M9>D : c $ 2
Mu
2. Avey ivBiv (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb: GK ew wRvmv

Kijb n Avjvni im~j! Avgvi m`vPiY cvIqvi mePq ewk
nK`vi K? Di wZwb ejjb:Zvgvi gv, Zvgvi gv, Zvgvi
gv| AZ:ci Zvgvi evev Ges Gici Zvgvi AwaK wbKUZg
ew|1
wbKU AvZxqi fiY-cvlYi kZ:
1. hvì cwiZv mì DivwaKvi ne Ggb mKji Rb
fiY-cvlY Ìqv diR|
2. ii mKi AvIZvq bv nj Ab Kvb AmQj ewi fiYcvlYi `vwqZ Kvb mQj ewi Dci, ZLb diR ne hLb m
mQj ew AmQj ewi IqvwiQ ne| Aek mKjK Bmjvgi
Abymvix nZ ne|
KZ`vmi AwaKvi:
KZ`vmi fiY-cvlY `qv Zvi gvwjKi Dci IqvwRe|
KZ`vm hw` gvwjKi wbKU weevni eevi `vex Ki Zvnj
gvwjK ZvK weevn Kive A_ev ZvK wew Ki wè| Avi
KZ`vmx hw` gvwjKi KvQ weevni eevi `vex Ki Zvnj
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
549
fiY-cvlYi `vwqZfvi
gvwjKi BQvwab ZvK eenvi KiZ cvi A_ev Zvi weevni

eev Kie A_ev ZvK wew Ki wè|
wReRi Rb LiPi weavb:
hvi gvwjKvbvaxb PZz` R I c-cvwL iqQ Zvi KZe
njv mjvi Lvbv-wcbv I cwiPhvi eev bqv Ges hv enb
Ag Ggb evSv bv Pvcvbv| gvwjK c-cvwLi cwiPhvq Ag
nj ZvK Zv wew KiZ A_ev RevB KiZ (hw` MvkZ LvIqvi
c nq) A_ev fvov w`Z eva Kiv ne| Avi Amy I APj nq
Mj Zv RevB Kiv RvqR ne bv eis Zvi eev wbZ ne|
fiY-cvlY `vbKvixi Aevf`:
fiY-cvlYKvixj `yB Aev:
1. fiY-cvlY `vbKvix hw` `wi` ev ^ gvji gvwjK nq Zvnj
x, wcZv-gvZv, mvb-mwZ I KZ`vm BZvw` hvì welqUv AwZ
iZcY~ Zvì fiY-cvlY `qv diR| GgZvevq m c_g
wbRK w`q i Kie| AZ:ci mQj-AmQj mevevq hvì
fiY-cvlY `qv diR Zvì wè| hgb: x, KZ `vm-`vmx I
c-cvwL BZvw`|
AZ:ci Zvì fiY-cvlY `qv diR hwÌ Zvì Kvb
cwiZ m` bvI cvq, Zviv nj: wcZv-gvZv, Qj-gq|
AZ:ci Abvb hvì IqvwiQ ne Zvì fiY-cvlY `qv|
2. hw` fiY-cvlY `vbKvix abx I mQj nq Zvnj mKji fiYcvlY Kie| Avi cZK AwaKvixi AwaKvi `vb Kie|
KjvYg~jK Znwej (PvwiwU dv)-Gi weavb:
GKwU `ji cZK ^Qvq wbRì m` _K dv Rgv
Kivi bvg KjvYg~jK Znwej| cZKi wbKU _K h Abymvi
BdvK nqQ Zv MnY Kie| G dvi m` kwiKì KD
wec` I `yNUbvq cwZZ nj Zvi mvnvhi Rb cZ _vKe| G
weevn I Zvi cwiwk
550
fiY-cvlYi `vwqZfvi
aiYi KvR kwiqZ mZ| Bnv bK I ZvKIqvi KvR Ges

wec`Mì mnhvwMZv|
#!
g%- ; Ri+( ! : `
W D aR= : ` K= a9 >

m
a w B * & 8 9 a;' d $ %&' ( @ 3 ;h ) > b r ( B aD9 = >
. J1E9
.. @ 9 0> g9 @ B $ %a S &. F \v 0! B @ X a'S
E( wD &. F
Avey g~mv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn [] ejQb:

wbq g`xbvi Avkqvix Mvi hviv hy hLb weavev nq co
ev Zvì cwievii Lv` Kg co ZLb Zviv GKwU Kvco Zvì
wbKU hv AvQ Zv GK Ki| AZ:ci GKwU cv viv mevi gvS
mgvbfve eb Ki| Zviv Avgvi Afy Ges AvwgI Zvì
Afy|1
. eyLvix nv: bs 2486 I gymwjg nv: bs 2500
Lv` I cvbxq e
551
Lv` I cvbxq e
Lv` I cvbxq e cm
cwZwU Lv` eK ZAvg ej hvi eePb AvZBgvn& Ges
cvbxq eK kvive ej hvi eePb Avkwievn&|
Lv` I cvbxq èi weavb:
DcKvix I cwe fvj è g~jZ: nvjvj| Avi wZKviK I
Acwe Ges bvsiv è nvivg| cwZwU ei g~j njv nvjvj I
ea| wK hme wRwbm _K eviY Kiv nqQ A_ev Zvi wechq
cKvk I mymve Zvi g~j nvivg I Aea|
1. AZGe, `n I AvZvi DcKvix Lv`, cvbxq I cwiaq eK
Avjvn Zvqvjv nvjvj Ki w`qQb| hvZ Ki ev`v Gmei
gvag my _K Avjvni AvbyMZ KiZ mg nq|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
{
:
z
n gvbe mKj! Zvgiv cw_exi nvjvj I cwe e-mvgMx fY

Ki| Avi kqZvbi c`v AbymiY Ki bv, m Zvgvì cKvk
k| [m~iv evKviv:168]
2. Avi h me e-mvgMx wZKviK A_ev Zvi DcKvii Pq
AcKviB ewk, m meB Avjvn Zvqvjv nvivg Ki w`qQb|
eZ: mKj e-mvgMxi cwe I cwiQbKB Avjvn Avgvì Rb
nvjvj KiQb Ges mKj e-mvgMxi Acwe-bvcvKKB Avjvn
Avgvì Rb nvivg KiQb| hgb: im~j [`:]-Gi gvag Zv
RvwbqQb|
y xw v u ts r qp{
: '&z q z
Lv` I cvbxq e
552
Lv` I cvbxq e
wZwb (im~j) Zvì wb`k `b mrKgi Avi eviY Kib Amr

Kg _K, Zvì Rb hveZxq cwe e nvjvj NvlYv Kib Ges
Acwe I bvsiv eK nvivg NvlYv Kib| [m~iv Avivd:157]
Lvì cfve:
gvbyl Lv` wnmve AbK wKQy Avnvi Ki _vK ciY m
Avnvii cfve Zvi AvPvi-AvPiY cKvk cvq| AZGe, fvj cwe
Lvì fvj cfve Zvi gvS cKvk cvq| Abyic Lvivc Acwe
Lvì Kzcfve Zvi gvS cKvk cvq| GRbB Avjvn Zvqvjv
ev`vK fvj cwe Lv` MnYi wb`k w`qQb Ges Lvivc Acwe
Lv` nZ wbla KiQb|
Lv`è I cvbxq ei g~j:
Lv`è I cvbxq e g~jZ gywgbì Rb nvjvj Kvdiì
Rb bq| ZvB km, djwi, `ya, gay, LRyi I MvkZ BZvw` mKj
cwe Lv`| Avi cvbxq e hvZ Kvb wZ bq Zv meB nvjvj|
Avi Kvdii cwZ Lv` I cvbxq e Ges mKj DcKvix wRwbm
Zvì cwZ nvivg| AZGe, cwZwU Kvdi hme Lv` Lve, cvwbi
XvK cvb Kie, cvkvK cie, evnb Poe, evwo-Ni Aevb
BZvw` Avjvni wbqvgivwR fvM Kie mmei Rb Zvi cwZ
wKqvgZi w`b kvw Ìqv ne|
ba ` _ ^ ] \ [ Z Y X W V U TSI
Honm l kj ihgfedc
.[/./]
Avcwi ejyb: Avjvni mvR-mvKhv wZwb ev`vì Rb mw

KiQb Ges cwe Lvèmg~nK K nvivg KiQ? Avcwb ejyb:
Gme wbqvgZ Avmj cvw_e Rxeb gywgbì Rb Ges wKqvgZi
w`b LuvwUfve ZvìB Rb| Ggwbfve Avwg AvqvZmg~n wevwiZ
eYbv Kwi Zvì Rb, hviv eyS| [m~iv Avivd:32]
Lv` I cvbxq e
553
Lv` I cvbxq e
Avi Acwe Lv`è hgb: gZ cvYx, cevwnZ i BZvw`

nvjvj bq| Abyic hv wZKi hgb: wel, g`, fvs (wmwMvQi
cvZv viv cZ gv`K wekl), gv`Kè, ZvgvK BZvw` nvivg;
Kbbv Gme bvsivè hv kvixwiK, A_bwZK I gvbwmK fve
wZKi|
1. Avjvni evYx:
L K J I H G F E D C B AI
X W V U T S R Q P O N M
.[/ ]"! H `_^ ]\ [ Z Y
Zvgvì Rb nvivg Kiv nqQ gZ Rxe, i, k~Kii gvsm,

hme R Avjvn Qvov Abi bvg DrmMKZ nq, hv Kiva gviv
hvq, hv AvNvZ jM gviv hvq, hv DP vb _K cZbi dj gviv
hvq, hv wks-Gi AvNvZ gviv hvq Ges hvK wnsk R fY
KiQ, wK hvK Zvgiv RevB KiQ| h R ejxi e`xZ
RevB Kiv nq Ges hv fvM wbaviK ki viv eb Kiv nq| Gme
cvci KvR| [m~iv gvq`v: 3]
2. Avjvni evYx:
c ba ` _ ^ ] \ [ Z YI
Hrq p o n m l k j i hg f e d
.[/])"
n Cgvb`viMY! Zvgiv GK Acii m` Abvqfve Mvm Kiv

bv| Kejgv Zvgvì ciii mwZg h eemv Kiv nq
Zv ea| Avi Zvgiv wbRì KvDK nZv Kiv bv| wb:m`n
Avjvn Zvgvì cwZ `qvjy| [m~iv wbmv:29]
Lv` I cvbxq e
554
Lv` I cvbxq e
Lvbv LvIqvi `vIqvZ w`j wK KiYxq:

1. mybwZ wbqg njv Kvb gymwjg ewi KvQ Aci gymwjg
fvBqi AvMgb nj ZvK Avcvqb Kive| Avi gymwjg gngvb
m mK wKQy wRvmvev` bv Ki Zv Lve| Abyic m cvbxq
cvb Kivj Kvb wRvmv bv Ki cvb Kie| (A_vr Lv` ev cvwbq
ei `vlwU eYbv Kie bv|)
2. jvK `Lvbv I LvwZ jvfi Dk AnsKvi-Me cKvkv_
h Lvbvwcbvi AvqvRb Kiv nq, ZvZ mvov `qv I Ask MnY Kiv
DwPZ bq|
Lv` I cvbxqei cKvi:
Lv` I cvbxqei g~j njv ea| Bnv wZb cKvi:
wReR, Dw` I Zij c`v_|
1. Dw` PvB Zv `vbv RvZxq nvK hgb: Pvj I Mg A_ev mewR
RvZxq nvK hgb: jvD I Kwc wKsev dj RvZxq hgb: Kjv
I Kgjv BZvw` Gme nvjvj|
2. jPi I RjPi mKj wReR I mg cvwL nvjvj| wK nvjvj
_K hv ev` Kiv nqQ Zv eZxZ|
3. mg Zij c`v_ hgb: cvwb, `ya I gay meB nvjvj|
I
.[/ ]H
wZwbB m mv whwb mw KiQb Zvgvì Rb hv wKQy Rwgb

iqQ m mg| Zvici wZwb gbvmshvM KiQb AvKvki cwZ|
e: wZwb Zix KiQb mvZ Avmgvb| Avi Avjvn me welq
AewnZ| [m~iv evKviv:29]
Lv` I cvbxq e
555
Lv` I cvbxq e
LRyii dwRjZ:
LRyi njv mevg Lv`| LRyi wenxb evoxi cwievi hb
zavZ cwievi| LRyi njv Rv`y I wel cwZivaK| g`xbvi LRyi
njv mePq Dg LRyi| wekl Ki AvRIqv LRyi mevg|
R9:

D a= :
>
&. ;

. -^ 2
R 3 a ( 6
# B X -
% :e a /
L
. -' A k 3 a % )8D |
u
A
. J1E9
mv` Beb Ivm (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb: bex [`:] ejb:h
ew cwZw`b mKvj mvZwU AvRIqv LRyi Lve, wel I Rv`y Zvi
Kvb wZ KiZ cvi bv|1
LRyii DcKvwiZv:
LRyi KwjRvK gReyZ Ki, ^fveK bg Ki, iPvc wbg
Ki, kixii Rb mePq ewk cywKi dj, hv wgwZ ficyi,
evwm cU Lj Kwg bvk Ki| Bnv GKwU dj Avevi Lv`, Jla
I wgwI eU|
cyivbv LRyi Lj Zv do wfZi cwivi Ki gqjv dj
`qv DwPr|
h mg cvYxi gvsm fY Kiv nvivg Zv Acwe| wK G
nZ ev` njv wZbwU:
gvbyl------| cvKv-gvKo wK hv bvsiv _K Rb hgb
ZjcvKv| Bnv wRexZ I gZz Aevq Acwe---| hme _K
euP _vKv KwVb hgb: weovj I Mvav| Avi G Kzg _K ev`
njv KzKzi|
h mg wReR I cvwL nvivg:
h mg ci nvivgi K_v Bmjvg DjL Kiv nqQ hgb:
MncvwjZ Mvav Ki BZvw`| A_ev Kvb cwiPq Zzj aiv nqQ
1
Lv` I cvbxq e
556
Lv` I cvbxq e
hgb: eo ùvZ wewk wnsm cvYx, AvNvZKvix eo bL wewk cvwL|

A_ev h cvYxi wZKi w`KUv mycwm hgb: Bu`yi, KxU-cZ|
A_ev Kvb KviY hvi gvS wZi welqwU cvIqv hvq hgb : Ggb
Mi-QvMj hv gqjv LZ Af| A_ev Ggb cvYx hvK nZv
Kivi Bmjvg wb`k `qv nqQ hgb: mvc, weQy BZvw`| A_ev
Ggb cvYx hvK nZv KiZ Bmjvg wbla KiQ hgb: ``
cvwL, evO, wcwcwjKv I ggvwQ BZvw`| A_ev Ggb cvwL hv
bvsiv AveRbv fY Ki _vK hgb: kKzb, KvK BZvw`| A_ev
Ggb cvYx hv nvjvj I nvivg cvYx nZ Rb jvf Ki hgb : LPi
hv Nvov I Mvaxi mswgkY Rb nq| A_ev Kvb nvjvj cvYx gZ
nIqvi KviY Zv nvivg| A_ev kwiqvZ ewRZ nIqvi KviY Zv
nvivg hgb : Avjvni bvg bv wbq ev Abi bvg wbq RevB Kiv
c| A_ev Ggb cvYx hv Bmjvg fYi AbygwZ `qv nqwb
hgb: wQbZvB I Pzwi Kiv BZvw` cvYx|
nvivg wnsm wReRi cKvi:
h mg wnsm R KZb` viv wkKvi Ki ev wQuo Lvq
hgb: wmsn, evN, bKo evN, wPZvevN, nvwZ, KzKzi, kMvj, k~Ki,
di, weovj, mRvi, evbi BZvw` Gic me cB nvivg|
nvivg cvwLi cKvi:
h mKj cvwL cvqi eo bL w`q AvNvZ Ki wkKvi Ki
_vK hgb -evRcvwL, wPj, cuPv BZvw` meB nvivg| Abyic h
mKj cvwL bvsiv AveRbv BZvw` Lq _vK hgb: KvK, kKzb
BZvw` nvivg|
h mg c -cvwL nvjvj:
1. mKj jPi cvYx nvjvj Ze h cvYxi AvjvPbv c~e DjL
nqQ Zv eZxZ| myZivs evwngvZzj AvbAvg Z_v DU, Mi, `y^vfov I QvMj, eb Mvav, Nvov, he-mvv, bxj Mvfx, nwiY, LiMvk
557
Lv` I cvbxq e
Lv` I cvbxq e
I wRivd Ges wnsm ùvZ w`q wkKvi Ki Ggb cvYx eZxZ evwK
mKj eb cvYx nvjvj|
2. mKj cKvi cvwL nvjvj Ze c~e AvjvwPZ cvwL eZxZ|
myZivs gyiMx, cvwZnuvm, ivRnuvm, KeyZi, DU cvwL, PoB-eveyB,
eyjeyj, gq~i I NyNy BZvw` cvwLi MvkZ nvjvj|
m
R0 l# ])8D
:
D a= @0 :

.S9 d-O>.
- N
9 s
U
9 l# ])8D

gS
9
Avyjvn Beb Avevm (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [`:]

KZb` w`q wkKviKvix mKj cvYx Ges cvqi AvNvZKvix bL
w`q AvnviKvix mKj cvwL fY KiZ wbla KiQb|1
3. RjPi QvU eo mKj cvYx hv Rj Qvov emevm Kibv Zv
nvjvj| Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
:
z W IHG F E D C B A{
Zvgvì Rb mvgyw`K cvYx wkKvi Kiv Ges Zv LvIqv nvjvj

Ki Ìqv nqQ| Avi Bnv Zvgvì I gYKvixì DcfvMi
Rb| [m~iv gvq`v: 96]
hme Lv`è fY Kiv nvivg:
~ } | { zyx w v u t s r q p{

:'
z f e d c b a`_
Lv` I cvbxq e
558
Lv` I cvbxq e
h me cvYx Avjvni bvg îY bv Ki RevB Kiv nq Zvgiv Zv

fY Ki bv; Kbbv GUv MwnZ e| [m~iv AvbAvg: 121]
M L K J I H G F E D C B A{
[ Z Y X W V U T S R Q P O N
: z c ^ ]\
Zvgvì Rb gZ, i, k~Kii gvsm, Avjvn Qvov Abi bvg

DrmMKZ c, MjvwUc gviv c, cnvi gZ c, cZbi dj gZ
c, wkOi uZvq wbnZ c Ges wnsm RZi LvIqv c nvivg
Kiv nqQ| Ze Zvgiv hv RevB viv cwe KiQ Zv nvjvj|
Avi h c c~Rvi cwZgvq ewj `qv nqQ Zv Ges Ryqvi Zxi viv
fvM wbYq KivI Zvgvì Rb nvivg Kiv nqQ| G meB cvc
KvR| [m~iv gvwq`v: 3]
Kvb Rxe cvYxi Kvb Ask KU wbj Zv gZ ej MY nq
GgZvevq H Ask LvIqv nvivg|
gZ cvYx I ii ga hv nvjvj:
gZ cvYx I i DfqUv nvivg, Ze wKQy AbygwZ iqQ-hv
nv`xm cgvwYZ|
REE 9 R ,
F >D :
D a= : - '

&> d-O>
.D 2]N & C (B 9& 9> 7 -/

( L
a2(B EE ' ( 9+B 97
.F9

Beb Dgvi [] nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [`:] ejb:

Avgvì Rb `ywU gZ cvYx Ges `yaiYi i nvjvj Kiv
Lv` I cvbxq e
559
Lv` I cvbxq e
nqQ| gZ cvYx `ywU nj: gvQ I wUw-ccvj| Avi `yaiYi

i nj: KwjRv I cxnv|1
Lv` wgwkZ Zji weavb:
Zj RvZxqè hv Lv` I wgwZ eenvi Kiv nq Gme hw`
Dw` _K nq Ges ZvZ Kvb Acwe wRwbm wgwkZ bv nq,
Zvnj Zv nvjvj| Avi hw` nvivg cvYx hgb: k~Ki A_ev gZ
cvYxi Pwe _K nq Zvnj nvivg| Avi hw` kwiqZ mZ cwZZ
RevBKZ nvjvj cvYxi Pwe nZ nq Ges ZvZ Kvb Acwe wRwbm
wgwkZ bv nq Zvnj nvjvj|
gj-g~ fYKvix ci MvkZ LvIqvi weavb:
h mg c-cvwL ewki fvM gj-g~, Acwe Lv` Lq
RxeY aviY Ki Zv evnb wnmve eenvi Kiv, MvkZ LvIqv, `ya
cvb Kiv, wWg LvIqv nvivg| Ze G c ev gyiMxK AvUK Ki
iL cwe Lv` LvIqvbvi ci hLb cwe gb ne ZLb Zv
LvIqv nvjvj|
KLb nvivg wRwbm LvIqv ea:
AcviM Aevq wbicvq nq welvè eZxZ Rxeb ivhvM
cwigvY nvivg Lv` LvIqv RvqR AvQ|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
i hgf e d c b a ` _ ~ } |{
:
z w v u t s rq p o n m l k j
wZwb Zvgvì Rb gZ Rxe, (cevwnZ) i, k~Kii gvsm Ges

hv Avjvn eZxZ Abi Dk wbew`Z Gme nvivg Ki
w`qQb| Ze h ew wbicvq wK we`vnx I mxgvjsNbKvix bq
1
.nv`xmwU mnxn, Avngv` nvt bs 5723 k ZviB wmjwmjv mnxnv `t nvt bs 1118 Beb
gvRvn nvt bs 3218
Lv` I cvbxq e
560
Lv` I cvbxq e
Zvi Rb (H nvivg Lv` fY) cvc bB| wbqB Avjvn

gvkxj, KiYvgq| [m~iv evKviv: 173]
gv`Kèi Kzg:
- C RS9 ) RD8:
D a= : - '

R @9 & % a * L
'B 0M& B - ' U
( m
- i
9 f3^ -F - C S
9 ) 8D f-^ ' O
. J1E9
.: - O ( B @- 4

% s
E%
1. Avyjvn Beb Igvi (iv:) nZ ewYZ, im~jyjvn [`:]

ejb:mKj cKvi gw weKZKviK è gì Afy| Avi
mKj gw weKZKviK nvivg, h ew me`v g`cvbiZ Aevq
ZIev bv KiB gviv hve AvLivZ (RvbvZ cek KijI)
RvbvZi kive cvb Kiv Zvi mfvM ne bv|1
:
a= > K
= m
NU
(
- '

.- ' U
( @ = &% :. & _9 & ;P( % B - O ( 3 a (
9 % 8
9
.lY9-E &> d-O>
2. Dgvi Beb Lvve (iv:) nZ ewYZ, bex [`:] ejb:h ew

Avjvn Zvqvjv I AvLivZi cwZ wekvm ivL m hb AekB
Ggb LvIqvi AvqvRb bv em hLvb gì eev iqQ|2
g` cvbKvixi kvw:
! 3^ -RF - C S
9 ) 8D :
a= > - d

% aD U
( $ h
9 P S
% ( > - C S
' ( m
- 4
%
' x&@ )d b
1

. nv`xmwU mnxn, Avngv` nvt bs 125 k ZviB BiIqvDj Mvjxj `t nvt bs 1949
wZiwghx nvt bs 2801
Lv` I cvbxq e
d-O>
561
Lv` I cvbxq e
.= ) * > :D = u > = ) * >

- : c U
( $D h 9 a=
.S9
Rvei Beb Avyjvn (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [`:]

ejb: mKj gw weKwZKviK e nvivg, Avi Avjvn Zvqvjv
AxKvive, h ew gw weKwZKviK è cvb Kie, wZwb
ZvK ZxbvZzj Lvevj nZ cvb Kiveb| mvnvexMY ck Kijb,
n Avjvni im~j [`:] ZxbvZzj Lvevj wK wRwbm? wZwb [`:]
ejjb:Rvnvbvgxì Nvg A_ev Rvnvbvgxì wbsovbv i-cyuR
BZvw`| 1
gv`K èi Rb hviv Awfk:
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f@ R f ! $D a'2
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Avbvm (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [`:] gv`K èi

evcvi `kRb ewK Awfkvc KiQb Zviv nQ: 1.gv`K è
msMnKvix| 2. ZixKvix| 3. cvbKvix| 4. enbKvix| 5. hvi Rb
enb Kiv nq| 6. h cvb Kivq| 7. weZv| 8. Gi A_
fYKvix| 9. Zv| 10. hvi Rb q Kiv nq|2
bvexh: Bnv njv cvwbi jeYv `~i Ki wgVv Kivi Rb ZvZ
LRyii mv_ wKm&wgm A_ev H RvZxq wKQy w`q wfwRq
ivLv| G cvwb hw` Abic aviY bv Ki Ges wZbw`b c~Y bv
nq Zvnj Zv LvIqv nvjvj|
1
.gymwjg nvt bs 2002

.nv`xmwU nvmvb, wZiwghx nvt bs 1295 k ZviB mnxn mybvb wZiwghx nvt bs 1041
Beb gvRvn nvt bs 3380
Lv` I cvbxq e
562
Lv` I cvbxq e
Abi m` fYi weavb:

Kvb evMvbi djevb ei A_ev MvQ nZ co hvIqv dj
hv Kvb ewbi ga bq Ges Kvb iKI bq| hw` Gi cvk
w`q Kvb Afvex jvK AwZg Kivi mgq Zvi cqvRb wgUvbvi
Rb D dj wewbgq Qvov fY Ki Zvnj RvqR| wK mv_
Ki wbq hZ cvie bv| Avi h ew Kvb Afve ev cqvRb
QvovB D dj wbq hve ZvK Gi mgcwigvY Rwigvbv w`Z ne
Ges kvw fvM KiZ ne|
nvivg cv cvbvnvi Kivi weavb:
^Y- ivc wbwgZ cjc `qv cv bvix-cyil mKjB
cvbvnvi Kiv nvivg| h `n nvivg Lv` Lq ew nq Zv KLbI
RvbvZ cek Kie bv|
cv gvwQ coj Zvi mybwZ wbqg:
#! : R
a= > K
= : - %- * >

RF d & F > B T B F - N( wD f 8D S
' r ( B f 8D & F > \W 0! B m
Y k
.l=U d-O>
.\ 7 - O ( B f\ 1i
Avey ivBiv (iv:) nZ ewYZ im~jyjvn [`:] ejb: hLb Zvgvì

Kviv cv gvwQ co ZLb hb m~Y gvwQK fvjfve Wyweq
AZ:ci Zv Zzj dj `q| Kbbv, gvwQi `yWvbvi GK Wvbvq
iqQ wPwKrmv Ges Ab Wvbvq iqQ wRevby|1
.eyLvix nvt bs 5782
Lv` I cvbxq e
563
c RevB
c RevB cm
MvkZ LvIqv nvjvj Ggb jPi cvYxi Kbvjx, Lv`bvjx
Ges cvki `ywU iM A_ev `ywUi GKwU KvUvi gvag RevB ev
bni mv`b nq|
hvKvn ev RevB I bnii cwZ:
DUi njv evg nvZ (mvgbi cv) eua iL ùvovbv
Aevq M`vbi Mvov I ei gaj avivjv A w`q AvNvZ
Kiv ev KU w`q RevB Kivi bvg bni, BnvB mybwZ cwZ| Avi
Mi I QvMj-`y^v BZvwì wbqg njv avivjv Qywi w`q
cK evg KvZ qvq RevB KivB mybwZ cwZ| PZz` RK
Zxi wbc cwkYi wbkvb wbaviY Ki Zxi Qyov nvivg|
ci Mfi evPvi Kzg nj gvqi nyKzg, Ze hw` RxweZ
Aevq ei nq Zvnj ZvK RevB Kiv Qvov LvIqv nvjvj ne
bv|
RevB I bni nIqvi kZvejx:
1. RevBKvixi kZ: vbevb I gymwjg A_ev Avnj wKZve (Bw`
I Lxvb) nZ ne, bvix-cyil mKjB RevB KiZ cvie, Ze
cvMj, gvZvj I Kvwdi ewi RevB nvjvj bq|
2. RevB Kivi A: bL I ùvZ eZxZ mKj cKvi avivj A w`q
RevB Kiv ea ne|
3. Kbvjx, kvmbvjx I cvki `ywUi GKwU iM KvUvi gvag i
cevwnZ KiZ ne|
4. RevB Gi mgq wemwgjvn ejZ ne| fyj ekZ: Qo w`j
ea ne| Avi BQvKZ Qo w`j ea ne bv|
5. nzjvn Gi wkKvix c hb nvivg bv nq| hgb: gvi
nvivg I g`xbvi wbwl mxgvbvq wkKvi I Bnivg Aevq wkKvi bv
Kiv|
Lv` I cvbxq e
564
c RevB
gZ cvYxi cKvi:
h c kvm e nq, gv_vq AvNvZ cq, we`yr kK Lq,
Mig cvwb cqvM A_ev Mvm eenvi ^vm i nq gviv hvq-Zv
nvivg, LvIqv Aea| KviY Gfve gviv Mj i MvkZi mv_
RgvU nq hvq hv fY gvbyli wZ iqQ Ges D ci cvY
ei nqQ mybZ ewRZ cvq, ZvB Zv nvivg|
Avnj wKZvei RevBKZ c-cvwLi weavb:
Avnj wKZve Z_v Bw` I Lxvbì RevBKZ c-cvwL
nvjvj, Zvi MvkZ LvIqv ea| Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
z {
:
AvR Zvgvì Rb cwe Lv`è nvjvj Ki Ìqv nqQ|

Abyic hvìK wKZve Ìqv nqQ Zvì LvÌ (RevBKZ
ci gvsm) Zvgvì Rb nvjvj Ges Zvgvì LvÌ Zvì
Rb nvjvj| [m~iv gvq`v: 5]
Avnj wKZve Bw` I Lxvbì RevB hw` kwiqZ mZ
cwZ Abyhvqx nq Zvnj LvIqv RvqR| Avi hw` Zvì
RevB kwiqZ MwnZ cwZZ nq hgb-k^vmi, e`ywZK kK
BZvwì gvag Zvnj Zv LvIqv Aea| Avi Avnj wKZve
Qvov Abvb Kvdiì RevB mevevq nvivg|
hv RevB Kiv mg bv:
wkKvi A_ev Kvb cvYx hw` h_vh_ wbqg RevB Kiv me bv
nq Zvnj kixii h Kvb vb AvNvZi gvag icvZ NUj
Zv RevB ej MY ne| DjL h, DcKZ nIqvi Dk Qvov
Abvqfve Kvb cvYxK nZv Kiv nvivg|
Lv` I cvbxq e
565
c RevB
Avnj wKZvei RevBKZ wRwbm gymwjg KLb fY Kie:

Kvb gymjgvb hw` AeMZ nq h, Avnj wKZve ew Avjvni
bvg RevB KiQ Zvnj Zv LvIqv ea| Avi hw` AeMZ nq h,
Avjvni bvg RevB Kiwb Zvnj Zv LvIqv Aea| wemwgjvn
ejQ wK bv? KvbUvB hw` mwVKfve Rvbv bv hvq ZvnjI LvIqv
ea| Kbbv ejvUvB mvaviY wbqg, G wemwgjvn ejQ wK
bv? Zv wRvmv I MelYv Kiv IqvwRe bq eis bv KivB Dg|
h mg c RevB ev bni Kiv me Zv RevB I bni Qvov
KLbI nvjvj nq bv| Ze gvQ, wUw-ccvj I RjPi cvYx
RevB QvovB LvIqv nvjvj|
wkKvi LvIqvi weavb:
jPi nvjvj c-cvwL `yB kZ LvIqv ea ne:
1. kwiqZ mZ cwZZ RevB Kiv|
2. RevBqi mgq wemwgjvn ejv|
Abi Rb c RevB Kivi weavb:
hw` Kvb ew Kvb gZ ewi c nZ mIqvei Dk
m`Kv îc Kvb cvYx RevB Ki GZ Kvb Avcw bq Zv ea
ne| wK hw` gZ ewi mvbv_ Ges Zvi bKU jvfi
Dk Kvb c RevB Ki Zvnj Bnv eo wkK cwiYZ ne|
Avi G ci MvkZ mKji Rb LvIqv nvivg ne|
RevB I nZvq Gnmvb Kivi wbqg:
1. RevB Kivi Dg AvPiY njv: avivjv A w`q RevB Kiv
Ges aviwenxb A eenvi bv Kiv; KviY GZ cK K Ìqv
nq| Abvb ci myL RevB bv Kiv Ges ci DcwwZZ A
avi bv Ìqv| ci Rxeb ei bv nIqv ch Pvgov bv Lvjvbv,
Nvo ev Ab Kvb A bv KvUv| Avi DUK bni Kiv Ges Abvb
cK RevB KivB njv wbqg|
Lv` I cvbxq e
566
c RevB

a=
'@ E}( 1 F E w :
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7 &i

$ E P ( aS
W F +B E( E #T B f \v i ])8D SF T ( s
E8 ! :
. E2
#
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( f |
Y aS
W F +B E2
# #! f
.S9 d-O>
kvv` Beb AvIm (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb: `ywU welq Avwg
bex [`:] nZ gyL KiwQ, wZwb ejb:Avjvn Zvqvjv mKj
Gnmvb KivK AvekK Ki w`qQb| AZGe, hLb Zvgiv nZv
Kie ZLb Dg fveB nZv mb Ki| Avi hLb Zvgiv RevB
Kie ZLb Dg fve RevB Ki| Zvgvì KD Zvi A avi
Ki wbq Zvi cK Avivg wè|1
2. RevBqi mgq cK wKejvgyLx Kiv Ges wemwgjvwn Gi
mv_ Avjv AvKevi K mshy Kiv|
.lY9-E 7 7 a> d-O> - 8
( `
`
W S

wemwgjvwn Iqvjv AvKevi ej AZ:ci RevB Kiv|2
RevB I wkKvi Kivi mgq:
RevB I wkKvi Kivi mgq gymwjg ewi Rb wemwgjvn
ejv IqvwRe| ci gvsm nvjvji Rb wemwgjvn ejv kZ| fyj ev
AZvekZ: wemwgjvn ejv iwnZ ne bv| Avi wemwgjvn ev` co
Mj RevBKZ c nvjvj ne bv; KviY wemwgjvn ejv BwZevPK
kZ hgb Ihy mvjvZi Rb kZ| AZGe, fyj ev fyj Mj ev`
coe bv| h fyj ev fyj Ki wemwgjvn ejv Qo è m
bvnMvi ne bv| wK RevBKZ ci gvsm fY Kiv RvqR ne
bv; KviY m RevB Kivi mgq wemwgjvn ej bvB hvi dj nvivg
1
2

. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 2810, wZiwghx nvt bs 1521
Lv` I cvbxq e
567
c RevB
ne| hgb Kvb ew hw` Ihy Qvov mvjvZ Av`vq Ki Zvnj

ZK Avevi mvjvZ wZxqev coZ ne| ZvB cvc bv nIqv Avgj
mwVK nIqv Riwi bv| Avi h BQv Ki wemwgjvn ejv Qo è
Zvi cvc ne Ges RevBKZ c nvjvj ne bv|
Avjvni evYx:
~ } | { zyx w v u t s r q pI
.[/"4/ ]Hfe d c b a`_
hme Ri Dci Avjvni bvg DPvwiZ nq bv, mjv _K

fY Kiv bv; G fY Kiv cvc| wbq kqZvbiv Zvì
ezìK cZv`k Ki hb Zviv Zvgvì mv_ ZK Ki| hw`
Zvgiv Zvì AvbyMZ Ki, ZvgivI gykiK nq hve|
[m~iv Avbqvg:121]
568
Lv` I cvbxq e
wkKvi Kiv
wkKvi Kiv cm
wkKvi:
gvwjK wenxb eb nvjvj c hv nvZi bvMvji evBi ZvK
Kkj wbw`fve AvNvZ nb nMZ Kivi bvg wkKvi Kiv|
wkKvi Kivi weavb:
wkKvi g~jZ: gv I g`xbvi nvivg mxgvbv eZxZ meB ea,
Aek Bnivg Aevq jPi cvYx wkKvi KivI nvivg|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
N M L K J IHG F E D C B A{
:
z W V U T S R QPO
Zvgvì Rb mvgyw`K wkKvi aiv I Zv LvIqv nvjvj Kiv nqQ,

Zvgvì I gYKvixì DcfvMi Rb| Avi Bnivg Aevq
jPi wkKvi aiv Zvgvì Rb nvivg| Zvgiv AvjvnK fq Ki,
hvi mgxc ZvgvìK GKwZ Kiv ne| [m~iv gvq`v: 96]
wkKvii Aevmg~n:
wkKvixi wkKvi Kivi ci `ywU Aev nZ cvi:
c_g Aev: c~Y my I Rxe Aevq c wkKvi Kiv| G
AekB kwiqZ mZ cwZZ RevB KiZ ne|
wZxq Aev: AvNvZ wbnZ nq wkKvi nq A_ev cvq gZ Aevi
wkKvi nq| G wkKvii kZmg~n cvIqv MjB h_ ne|
wkKvi Kiv c nvjvj nIqvi kZmg~n:
1. wkKviKvixK nZ ne gymwjg A_ev Avnj wKZve Ges
cveq I weeKevb|
2. wkKvii gvag, Bnv `yaiYi| GK: avivjv A hv w`q
AvNvZ nvbj i cevwnZ nq, Ze ùvZ I bL eZxZ| `yB:
Lv` I cvbxq e
569
wkKvi Kiv
AvNvZKvix cvYx hgb KzKzi A_ev cvwL hw` cwkYcv nq Zvnj

wkKvix cvYx ea ne|
3. KzKzi I evRcvwL wkKvixi Dk cvVvj wkKvii wbqZ KiZ
ne|
4. wkKvii Rb A Pvjvbvi mgq ev KzKzi I evRcvwL cvVvbvi
mgq wemwgjvn ejZ ne|
5. wkKvi hb kwiqZ mZ nq hgb: Bnivg Aevq jPi cvYx
Ges gv-g`xbvi nvivg mxgvbvq wkKvi Kiv kwiqZ mZ bq|
hv RevB Kiv meci bv Zvi RevB:
wkKviKZ cvwL ev ci RevB Kiv me bv nj A_ev Kvb
ci h Kvb vb i cevwnZ Ki RevB bv Kiv Mj Ges bv
nKfve c nZv I DcKZ bv nj G meB nvivg|
KzKzi cvlvi weavb:
wekl cqvRb I KjvYv_ wkKvi Kivi Rb ev Z-Lvgvi
I c-cvwL cvnviv `qvi Rb cwkYcv KzKzi ivLv ea| G Qvov
mvaviY KzKzi ivLv ea bq; Kbbv, GZ gvbyl fq-fxwZ cvq,
AvZswKZ nq, dik&Zv Ni cek KiZ evavcv nq, KzKzii
Acwe I bvsiv Ges gvwjKi cwZ w`b `yB wKivZ mIqve Kg
hvq, ZvB G mg KzKzi ivLv nvivg|
wkKvix KzKzi hw` wkKvi Ki ev Zvi gyL viv ai Zvnj
wkKvi mvZevi aZ KiZ ne bv; KviY KzKzii wkKvi mnR
cvi Dci wfwkxj|
Zxi, jvwV BZvw` viv Kvb wkKviK AvNvZ Kij wkKvix
cvYxK f` Ki iv nq gviv Mj Zv LvIqv RvqR; Avi
hw` cvYx cP AvNvZ gviv hvq Kvb icvZ bv nq
GgZvevq Zv LvIqv bv RvqR|
Lv` I cvbxq e
570
wkKvi Kiv
wkKvix viv Lj-Zvgvkv Kivi weavb:

wkKvix cvYx w`q Lj-Zvgvkv I Ab_K wkKvi Kiv nvivg|
hgb: wkKvi Ki Avevi Qo Ìqv, bv wbR Avi bv Ab
KD Zv viv DcKZ nIqv; KviY GZ m` web I
AcqvRb AvZv asm Kiv nq|
Kvb cvYx wkKvi Kiv A_ev RevB Kivi mgq cvY wbMZ
nIqvi c~eB h i ei nq Zv Acwe nvivgDcKZ nIqv
hve bv|
Kvb Pzwi Kiv ev wQbZvBKZ A w`q wkKvi Kiv nj D
cvYx nvjvj ne, wK wkKvix ew bvnMvi ne|
c~Y bvgvR eRbKvix (h KLbI bvgvR co bv) Zvi wkKviKZ
I RevBKZ c LvIqv nvivg; Kbbv m Kvwdi nq MQ|
BQvq AwbQvq ev Qjbvq mevevq GKRb wb`vl gvbylK A
`Lvbv nvivg|
cvwL viv evPvì Avb` Ìqvi weavb:
QvU evPvì kvbv `qvi Rb wkKvi Kiv ev cvwL cvlv
RvqR| Ze j ivLZ ne hb evPviv wkKvix cvYxK K bv
`q Ges Lvbvwcbvi evcvi Aenjv bv Ki|
571
l ce
divqR Aavq
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
GZ iqQ:
wgivmi AvnKvg|
wbw` Aski AwaKvixì eYbv|
Awbw` Aski AwaKvixì eYbv|
DivwaKvix nZ hme evcvi euvav nq Zvi eYbv|
fvMebi g~jbxwZ|
wgivm eb cYvjx|
AvIjmw ebi mgq wKQy Ask AwZwi nj Zv
cybeb Kiv|
8. i mw ebi mgq Ask Kg nj mevi _K Zv
diZ bIqv|
9. ii mKxqì wgivm|
10. MfRvZ mvbi wgivm|
11. wnRov (Dfq wj-bcysmK)-Gi wgivm|
12. nvivbv ewi wgivm|
13. Wye wKsev `qvj Pvcv BZvw`ì gZì wgivm|
14. nZvKvixi wgivm|
15. weagxì wgivm|
16. gwnjì wgivm|
572
:
J IHGFEDCBAI
V UTSRQPONMLK
^]\[ZYXW
[: ] Hcba`_
Avjvni evYx:
wcZv-gvZv I AvZxq-^Rbi cwiZ mwZ cyilì

Ask AvQ Ges wcZv-gvZv I AvZxq-^Rbi cwiZ
mwZ bvixìI Ask AvQ, Av nvK wKsev ewk| G Ask
wbavwiZ| mw ebi mgq hLb AvZxq-^Rb, GwZg I
wgmwKb DcwZ nq, ZLb Zv _K Zvì wKQy LvBq `vI Ges
Zvì mv_ wKQy m`vjvc Kiv| [m~iv wbmv:7-8]
divqR Aavq
573
wgivmi AvnKvg
divqR Aavq
1- wgivmi AvnKvg
divqR welqi vbvRbi iZ:
divqR welqK vb AwZ iZcY~ I ghv`v mb Ges
cwZ`vbi w`K _K AbK DP I gnvb| Gi iZi dj Avjvn
Zvqvjv wbRB GUv wbaviY Kivi `vwqZ MnY KiQb| wZwb
cZK DivwaKvixi Ask myfve DjL KiQb Ges e
AbK AvqvZ Gmei evLv w`qQb| KviY, ab-m` I
Zvi fvMeb gvbyli KvQ GK jvfbxq welq| Avi wgivm
mvaiYZ: bvix-cyil, QvU-eo `yejmej mKj cKwZi jvKì
gvSB nq _vK; hb G Lqvj Lywk I cewi Abycek bv
NU| ZvB gnvb Avjvn wbRB Gi myfve fvMeb Ki
w`qQb| G Qvov Avjvn Zuvi ^xq wKZve KziAvb Gi evLv
w`qQb Ges DivwaKvixì ga Bbmvd I wbR vbvbyhvqx
mKji KjvY wfwK mymg ebi eev KiQb|
gvbyli Aevmg~n:
gvbyli `ywU Aev: Rxeb Avi giY| divqR we`vq ewki
fvM wewaweavb gZzi mv_ m| ZvB Bnv vbi AaK Ges
cwZwU gvbylB G vbi gyLvcx|
Rvwnwj hyMi jvKiv QvUìK ewZ Ki ay eoìK
wgivm w`Z| G fve gwnjvì ewZ Ki Kej cyilìK
DivwaKvi w`Z| Avi eZgvbi RvnwjqvZ bvixìK Zvì
AwaKvii Dci c`, KvR I m` w`qQ| Gi dj Awb
eoQ I dmv`-wechq wevi jvf KiQ| cvi Bmjvg
bvix RvwZK Bbmvdi wfwZ AwaKvi w`qQ, DP gh`vq
Avmxb KiQ Ges Abvbì gZ Zvi Dchy AwaKvi cwZv
KiQ|
divqR Aavq
574
wgivmi AvnKvg
divqR we`vi cwiPq:

wU Ggb we`vi bvg hv viv DivwaKvi Kvb& ew cve, Avi
K cve bv Ges K wK cwigvY cve Zv Rvbv hvq| Bmjvwg kv
Abyhvqx gZ ewi mw Zuvi DivwaKvixì gvS wbavwiZ
Ask fvM Ki ÌqvK divqR ej|
Gi welqe: gZ ewi cwiZ (vei I Avei) mg
m`|
Gi DcKvwiZv: DivwaKvixì cZKi wbKU hvi hvi
AwaKvi cuQ `qv|
dvixhv: (mwi wbavwiZ Ask) Bnv nQ mB wbavwiZ Ask
hv kwiqZ wbw` Ki w`qQ hgb: ZZxqvsk, PZz_vsk
BZvw`|
cwiZ mwi mv_ m AwaKvimg~n:
cwiZ mwi mv_ m AwaKvi gvU cuvPwU| Bnv
we`gvb _vKj chvqg Zv evevqb Kiv ne| AwaKvi 5wU
wbgic:
1. cwiZ mw _K gZ ewi Kvdb`vdb BZvwì eev
Kiv|
2. Hme AwaKvimg~n Av`vq Kiv hv mivmwi cwiZ mì
mv_ m hgb: eK BZvwì mvnvh msNwUZ FY|
3. mvaviY FY, PvB Zv Avjvni nvK hgb: RvKvZ, Kvd&dviv
BZvw` A_ev gvbyli nvK|
4. Gici AwmqZ|
5. cwikl DivwaKvi|
DivwaKvii wfwmg~n:
DivwaKvii wfw wZbwU:
1. DivwaKvii g~j gvwjK (gZ ew)|
2. DivwaKvixMY|
3. wgivm Z_v cwiZ m`|
575
divqR Aavq
wgivmi AvnKvg
DivwaKvii KviYmg~n:
DivwaKvii KviY wZbwU:
1. mwVK weevn eb, hvi dj ^vgxx GKRb AciRbi
DivwaKvix ne|
2. eskxq mK, Bnv g~j wbKUvZxqZvi m~ nZ cvi hgb :
gvZvwcZv, kvLvMZ wbKUvZxq hgb: mvbmwZ, cvki
AvZxqZv hgb : fvB, PvPv I Zvì mvbmwZ|
3. AbyMni mK, GwU Ggb GK mK hv Kvb gwbe ^xq
`vmgywi AbyMn viv ARb Ki _vK, dj D `vm-`vmxi eskxq
wKsev wbavwiZ Ab Kvb DivwaKvi bv _vKj c~ei gwbe Zvi
Iqvwim ne|
DivwaKvii Rb kZvejx:
gZi DivwaKvi cvIqvi Rb wZbwU kZ:
1. gZz mvev nIqv|
2. gZzi mgq DivwaKvixi RxweZ _vKvi cgvY|
3. DivwaKvix evbvbvi KviY mK vbvRb hgb: esk ev
weevn KviY wKsev Mvjvg AvRv` Kivi Iqvjv Z_v AwaKvi|
DivwaKvii evavmg~n:
DivwaKvi nIqvZ evav gvU wZbwU wRwbm:
1. `vmZ: Gi dj `vm-`vmx DivwaKvi cve bv Ges AbKI
DivwaKvix evbvZ cvie bv; Kbbv m wbR gwbei Aaxb|
2. Abvq fve nZv Kiv: Gi dj nZvKvix nZvKZ ewi
DivwaKvix njI m Zvi wgivm cve bv|
3. agi wfbZv: Gi dj gymwjg Kvdii Ges Kvdi gymwjg
ewi DivwaKvix ne bv|
Z : R
a= > ` K= &. %5
$ 9 >D

. J1E9.
S
' ( - B C( Z f-B C( S
' (
D - %
divqR Aavq
576
wgivmi AvnKvg
Dmvgv Beb Rvq` (ivwhqvjv Avbgv) _K ewYZ bex (mvjvjv

AvjvBwn Iqvmvjvg) ejb: gymwjg Kvdii DivwaKvix ne bv
Ges Kvdi gymwjgi DivwaKvix ne bv|1
ZvjvKcvvi wgivm:
1. ivRqx (diZhvM) ZvjvKcvv xi gqv`Kvjxb mgq ch
Zvi I ^vgxi ga DivwaKvi mve ne|
2. h xK ^vgx ZvjvK evqbv Kzeiv Z_v wPiweQ` hvM
ZvjvK w`qQ hw` Zv my Aevq msNwUZ nq _vK Zvnj Kvb
ic DivwaKvi cve bv| cvi Avkvc~Y Amy Aevq hw`
nq _vK Ges DivwaKvi _K ewZ Kivi AwfhvM ^vgxi Dci
bv _vK, Zvnj GgZvevqI DivwaKvi cve bv| Ze hw` ^vgxi
Dci G AwfhvM mve nq, Zvnj x ^vgxi DivwaKvi cve|
DivwaKvii cKvi:
1. wbavwiZ: GwU Ggb DivwaKvi hvZ DivwaKvixi Ask
wbavwiZ _vK hgb: AvaK, GK PZz_vsk BZvw`|
2. AwbavwiZ: GwU Ggb DivwaKvi hvZ Kvb DivwaKvixi Ask
wbavwiZ _vK bv|
KziAvb DjwLZ wbavwiZ Ask gvU 6 wU:
AaK, PZz_vsk, Agvsk, `yB ZZxqvsk, GK ZZxqvsk, lvsk
I mB mv_ Aewk Aski GK ZZxqvsk, Bnv GRZnv` viv
mve|
cyil DivwaKvixiv:
cyil DivwaKvixiv wevwiZ fve gvU 15 Rb:
Qj, Qji Qj, Zvi Qj, Zvi Qj BZvw`, wcZv, `v`v,
`v`vi wcZv, Zvi wcZv BZvw`, Avcb fvB, egv fvB, ewc
fvB, Avcb fvBqi mvb I egv fvBqi mvb, Zvi mvb, Zvi
mvb BZvw`, ^vgx, Avcb PvPv, Zvi PvPv, Zvi PvPv-- , egv
PvPv, Zvi PvPv, Zvi PvPv----, Avcb PvPvi mvb I egv PvPvi
1
divqR Aavq
577
wgivmi AvnKvg
mvb Zvì mvb, Zvì mvb, Kej `vm gyKvix cyil

mvbMY I Zvi AwbavwiZ Askcv ii mKi eweM| Gme
cyil eZxZ Ab Avi hviv iqQ Zviv mevB AvZxq hgb:
gvgviv, ewc fvwZRv, ewc PvPv I ewc PvPvZ fvB BZvw`|
bvixì gai Iqvwim:
bvixì ga Iqvwim megvU 11 Rb:
gq, Qji gq Zvi Qji gq, Zvi Qji gq----, gv,
bvbx, bvbxi gv, Zvi gv Gfve Dci ch, `vw`, `vwì gv, Zvi gv
hwÌ Gfve gwnjvbyg Aviv Dci hvq, `v`vi gv, Avcb evb,
egvx evb, ewcx evb, x I `vm-`vmxgyKvwiYx|
bvU: G Qvov hZ gwnjv AvQ mevB i mKxq AvZxq wK
Iqvwim bq| hgb : Lvjv BZvw`|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
K J I H G F E D C B A{
:./
z U T S RQ P O N M L
gvZvwcZv I wbKUvZxqiv hv iL wMqQ ZvZ cyilì Rb

Ask iqQ| Ggwb fve gvZvwcZv I wbKUvZxqiv hv iL
wMqQ ZvZ bvixì RbI Ask iqQ, hv Kg ev ekx wbavwiZ
Ask| [m~iv wbmv:7]
divqR Aavq
578
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
DivwaKvixì cKvi
2-wbavwiZ AskcvMY
DivwaKvii cKvi:
Bnv `yB cKvi: wbavwiZ I AwbavwiZ| GB `yBqi gvag
DivwaKvix nIqvi DivwaKvix gvU 4 cKvi:
1. hviv Kej wbavwiZ Ask cve Giv gvU 7Rb:
gv, ewc fvB, ewcx evb, bvbx, `vw`, ^vgx I x|
2. hviv Kej AwbavwiZ Ask cve Zviv gvU 12 Rb:
Qj, Qji Qj, Zvi Qj, Zvi Qj---, Avcb fvB, egv
fvB, Avcb fvBqi Qj, egv fvBqi Qj, Zvì Qj,
Zvì Qj---, Avcb PvPv I egv PvPv, Zvì PvPv, Zvì
PvPv-----,Avcb PvPvZ fvB I egv PvPvZ fvB, Zvì PvPvZ
fvB, Zvì PvPvZ fvB---, `vm-`vmx gyKvix I `vm-`vmx
gyKvwiYx|
3. hviv KLbv wbavwiZ Ges KLbv AwbavwiZ Avevi KLbv Dfq
cKvi viv DivwaKvi jvf Ki Giv gvU 2 Rb:
wcZv I `v`v| Zvì GKK Rb kvLvRvZ DivwaKvixi mv_
wbavwiZ fve lvsk cve| Avi Zvi mv_ kvLvRvZ DivwaKvix
bv _vKj m GKK fve AwbavwiZ Ask cve| wbavwiZ I
AwbavwiZ fve gwnjv kvLvRvZ DivwaKvixi mv_ DivwaKvi
cve, hLb wbavwiZ Aski ci lvski ewk Aewk _vKe|
hgb: Kvb ew gq, gvZv I wcZv iL gviv Mj G gvU
Ask 6 _K gq cve AaK, gvZv lvsk Avi Aewk `yB Ask
wbavwiZ I AwbavwiZ fve wcZv cq hve|
4. hviv KLbv wbavwiZ Avi KLbv AwbavwiZ fve DivwaKvi
cvq Ges Kvb mgqB Dfq cKvi GK mv_ cvq bv, Zviv gvU
4 Rb:
divqR Aavq
579
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
gq (GK ev ZZvwaK), Qji gq (GK ev ZZvwaK), Zvi

Qji gq, Zvi Qji gq------, GK ev ZZvwaK Avcb evb
I GK ev ZZvwaK egvq evb| Giv ay wbavwiZ Ask viv
DivwaKvix ne hZY ZvìK AwbavwiZ Ask viv DivwaKvix
evbvbvi KD _vKe bv| m nQ Zvì fvB| Avi hLb ZvìK
AwbavwiZ Ask viv DivwaKvix evbvbvi KD _vKe ZLb
AwbavwiZ Ask jvf Kie| hgb : gqi mv_ Qj, evbi
mv_ fvB I gqì mv_ evbiv _vKj Zviv AwbavwiZ
Askcv wnmve Ask cve|
wbavwiZ Askcvì msLv:
wbavwiZ Askcvì gvU msLv 11 Rb:
^vgx, GK ev GKvwaK x, gvZv, wcZv, `v`v, GK ev GKvwaK
`vw`, gqiv, Qji gqiv, Avcb evbiv, egvq evbiv Ges
ewc fvB I ewcx evbiv| Zvì DivwaKvi wbgvic:
1- ^vgxi wgivm
^vgxi wgivmi Aevmg~n:

1. ^vgx Zvi xi AaK DivwaKvi cve, hw` xi kvLvRvZ Kvb
DivwaKvix bv _vK| Avi kvLvRvZ DivwaKvixiv nQ: Qj ev
gq mvbiv Ges Qjì mvbiv Ges Zvì cieZx eskai|
Avi GLvb gqì mvbiv njv hviv Zvì mvbì ga
DvivwaKvix bv Zviv|
2. ^vgx Zvi xi GK PZz_vski DivwaKvix ne hw` xi Kvb
mvbvw` _vK|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
P O N M LKJ I H G F E D C B {
z ] \[ Z Y X W V UT S R Q
:./
divqR Aavq
580
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
Zvgvì xì Kvb mvb bv _vKj Zvgiv Zvì cwiZ

mì AaK cve| Avi Zvì mvb _vKj Zvgiv Zvì
cwiZ mì GK PZz_vsk cve| Zvì KZ AwmqZ wKsev
FY Av`vqi ci| [m~iv wbmv:12]
D`vniY:
1. ^vgx, gv I GKRb mnì fvB iL x gviv Mj| AsK 6 viv
ne| ^vgx cve AaK, gv cve GK ZZxqvsk, Avi fvB
Avmvev wnme evwKUzKz cve|
2. ^vgx I Qj iL x gviv Mj| AsK 4 viv ne| ^vgx cve
GK PZz_vsk Avi evwK cve Qj|
2- xi wgivm
xi wgivmi Aevmg~n:
1. ^vgxi kvLvRvZ DivwaKvix (mvb-mwZ) bv _vKj x Zvi
^vgxi GK PZz_vsk DivwaKvii gvwjK ne|
2. hw` xi c _K wKsev Ab Kvb ci gvag kvLvRvZ
DivwaKvix (Qj-gq ev bvwZ-bvZwb) _vK Ze x Zvi ^vgxi
GK Agvsk DivwaKvii gvwjK ne|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
k j i h g fe d c b a ` _ ^ {
z xw v u t s r q p on m l
:./
Avi Zvgvì mvb bv _vKj Zviv (xiv) Zvgvì cwiZ

mì GK PZz_vsk cve| Avi hw` Zvgvì mvb _vK Ze
Zviv Zvgvì wciZ mì GK Agvsk cve| Zvgvì
KZ AwmqZ wKsev FvYi ci| [m~iv wbmv: 12]
GKvwaK x nj Zviv mevB GK PZz_vsk wKsev GK Agvsk
Askx`vi ne|
divqR Aavq
581
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
D`vniY:
1. x, gv I mnì GKRb PvPv iL ^vgx gviv Mj| AsK 12 viv
ne| Gi ga x cve GK PZz_vsk, gv GK ZZxqvsk Avi evwK
Avmvev wnme PvPv cve|
2. x I Qj iL ^vgx gviv Mj| AsK 8 viv ne| x cve
Agvsk Avi evwK cve Qj|
3. wZbRb x, gq I Qj iL gviv Mj| AsK 8 viv ne|
wZbRb x cve Agvsk Avi evwK Qj-gqcyili Rb bvixi
wY wnme|
3- gvqi wgivm
gvqi wgivmi Aevmg~n:

1. wZbwU kZ GK ZZxqvsk:
Bnv wZbwU kZ DivwaKvi cveb: kvLvRvZ DivwaKvix
(mvb-mwZ) bv _vKv, fvBevbì mv_ Aswk`vwiZ kvwgj bv
nIqv Ges welqwU `yB Dgvwiqvi gvmqvjvi Kvb GKwU bv nq|1
2. Agvsk:
hw` gZ ewi kvLvRvZ (mvb-mwZ) DivwaKvix _vK
wKsev fvB A_ev evbì KqKRb we`gvb _vK|
3. Aewk Aski wZb fvMi GK fvM:
hw` `yB Dgvwiqv hvK MvivIqvBbI ejv nq Gi gvmqvjv nq|
Dgvwiqvi gvmqvjv `ywU njv:
(K) x, gv I evev: AsKwU 4 viv ne: A_vr cwiZ mwK 4
ai wbj xi Rb GK PZz_vsk, gvqi Rb Aewkw (xi Ask
Ìqvi ci) Aski GK ZZxqvsk Ges Aewk AaK wcZvi
Rb|
1
. divqR kv gZ ewi gvZvwcZvi mv_ ^vgx wKsev x _vKj, ZvK DgvwiqvnGi gvmqvjv ej; KviY G viv Dgi dviK (ivt)G gvmqvjvi dqmvjv KiwQjb|
divqR Aavq
582
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
(L) ^vgx, gv I evev: AsKwU 6 viv ne, A_vr megvU Ask 6

fvM ai KiZ ne| ^vgxi Rb AaK Z_v 3, gvqi Rb (^vgxi
Ask ebi ci) Aewk Aski GKZZxqvsk Z_v 1 Ges Aewk
2 wcZvi Rb|
gvK Aewk Aski GK ZZxqvsk G Rb `qv ne hvZ Ki
Bnv wcZvi Aski Pq ewk bv nq hvq; KviY Dfq Rb gZ
ewi GKB chvqi| Avi GK Rb cyil `yRb gwnjvi
Aski mgvb Ask hb cvq|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
~ } {

:./
z
Avi gZ ewi Kvb mvb _vKj Zvi wcZvgvZvi cwZRb Zvi

cwiZ mw nZ GK lvsk cve| Avi hw` Zvi Kvb mvb
bv _vK Ges ay wcZvgvZvB Zvi DivwaKvix nq Ze Zvi gvZv
GK ZZxqvsk cve| Avi hw` Zvi fvBqiv _vK Ze Zvi KZ
AwmqZ I FY cwikva Kivi ci Zvi gvZv GK lvsk cve|
[myiv wbmv: 11]
D`vniY:
1. GKRb gvbyl gv I PvPv iL gvjv Mj| gvi Rb GK ZZxqvsk
Avi evwK Avmvev wnme PvPvi Rb|
2. GKRb gvbyl gv I Qj iL gviv Mj| AsK ne 6viv| gvi
Rb lvsk Avi evwK Avmvev wnme Qji Rb|
divqR Aavq
583
4- wcZvi wgivm
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
wcZvi wgivmi Aevmg~n:

1. wcZv wbavwiZ Ask wnmve GK lvsk cveb: Gi Rb kZ
njv: cyil RvZxq kvLvRvZ DivwaKvix _vKv hgb : Qj wKsev
Qji Qj Gfve hwÌ Aviv wbPi nq|
2. gZ ewi kvLvRvZ Kvb DivwaKvix _vKj, wcZv AwbavwiZ
Aski DivwaKvi cveb|
3. kvLvRvZ DivwaKvix Kvb gq ev gqi gq BZvw` nj,
wcZv wbavwiZ I AwbavwiZ Dfq Aski wgivm cveb| hgb :
gq wKsev Qji gq _vKv Aevq wZwb wbavwiZ Ask wnmve
GK lvsk cveb Ges Aewk Ask AwbavwiZ fve jvf Kieb,
hgb BwZc~e DjL nqQ|
Avcb fvBqiv wKsev egv A_ev ewc fvBì KnB wcZv
I `v`v we`gvb _vKv Aevq wgivmi Kvb Ask cve bv|
D`vniY:
1. GKRb gvbyl evev I Qj iL gviv Mj| G Aevq evevi
Rb lvsk Avi evwK Qji Rb|
2. GKRb gvbyl gv I evev iL gviv Mj| gvi Rb GK ZZxqvsk
Avi evwK evevi Rb|
3. GKRb gvbyl evev I gq iL gviv Mj| gqi Rb AaK
Avi evevi Rb lvsk diR wnme Ges evwK Avmvev wnme|
4. GKRb gvbyl evev I mnì fvB wKsev egv A_ev ewc fvB
iL gviv Mj| G Aevq c~Y mwi Iqvwim neb evev Ges
evevi KviY fvBqiv ev` co hve|
divqR Aavq
584
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
5-`v`vi DivwaKvi
DivwaKvix `v`v wZwb hvi gvS I gZ ewi gvS Kvb
bvixi mK _vKe bv hgb : wcZvi wcZv| myZivs bvbv
DivwaKvix neb bv; KviY Zvi gvag gv bvix viv| `v`vi
DivwaKvi wcZvi gZB Kej Dgvwiqvi `ywU cm Qvov;
Kbbv m `ywUZ gv `v`vi mv_ m~Y mwi GK ZZxqsk
cveb| wK wcZvi mv_ Aewk mwi GK ZZxqvsk
cveb| GwU ne ^vgxx wnmve wbavwiZ Ask cvIqvi cii
evcvi hgb BwZ c~e DjL nqQ|
`v`vi wgivmi Aevmg~n:
1. `v`v `ywU kZmvc GK lvski DivwaKvix neb h_v:
gZewi kvLvRvZ DivwaKvix we`gvb _vKv I wcZv bv _vKv|
2. `v`v Dciv Aevq AwbavwiZ Ask cveb hLb gZ ewi
Kvb kvLvRvZ DivwaKvix _vKe bv Ges hLb wcZvI _vKeb
bv|
3. `v`v wbavwiZ I AwbavwiZ Dfq Ask viv GKB mv_
DivwaKvi cveb| Bnv hLb gZ ewi gwnjv RvZxq kvLvRvZ
DivwaKvix _vKe hgb : gq I Qji gq BZvw`|
D`vniY:
1. GKRb `v`v I Qj iL gviv Mj| AsK 6 viv ne| `v`vi
Rb lvsk Avi evwK Qji Rb|
2. GKRb gv I `v`v Qo gviv Mj| AsK 3 viv ne| gvi Rb
GK ZZxqvsk Avi evwK `v`vi Rb|
3. GKRb gviv Mj `v`v I gq iL| AsK 6 viv ne| gqi
Rb AaK diR wnme Avi `v`vi Rb lvsk diR wnme
Ges evwK Avmvev wnme|
divqR Aavq
585
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
6- `v`x I bvbxi DivwaKvi

`v`x, bvbx ejZ mB DivwaKvwiYx Dk whwb neb gvqi
gv bvbx wKsev wcZvi gv `v`x I `v`vi gv (eo `v`x) hwÌ
Kej gwnjvì gvag Aviv Dci hvq| wcZvi w`K _K
Zviv `yBRb I gvZvi w`K _K GKRb|
gvZvi Rxekvq `v`xbvbxiv Kvb cKvi DivwaKvi (wgivm)
cveb bv|
gv bv _vKvj GK ev GKvwaK `v`xbvbx nj Zuviv mKj wgj
GK lgvsk cveb|
D`vniY:
1. GK ew GKRb `v`x ev bvbx I Qj iL gviv Mj| AsK
6 viv ne| `v`x ev bvbxi Rb lvsk Avi evwK Avmvev
wnme Qji Rb|
2. GK ew GKRb `v`x ev bvbx, gv I Qj iL gviv Mj|
AsK 6 viv ne| gvi Rb lvsk Avi evwK Qji Rb Ges
`v`x ev bvbx gvi Rb ev` co hve|
586
divqR Aavq
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
7- gqì DivwaKvi
gqi wgivmi Aevmg~n:
1. GK ev GKvwaK gq AwbavwiZ Ask viv DivwaKvwiYx ne
hLb Zvì mv_ fvB _vKe| GK cyil `yB Rb gwnjvi mgvb
cve|
2. gq GKv nj (Qj ev Ab gq bv _vKj) AaK Ask
cve|
3. gqiv `yB ev ZZvwaK nj `yB ZZxqvsk cve| kZ njv: hw`
AwbavwiZ Aski DivwaKvixZ cwiYZKvix Zvì fvB bv _vKv|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
q p o n m lkj i h gfe d c{
:./
z { z y x w vut s r
Avjvn Zvqvjv ZvgvìK Zvgvì mvbì evcvi Dc`k

w`Qb h, GK cyil `yB gwnjvi mgvb Ask cve| Ze Zviv
`yqi Ea gq mvb nj Zviv wcZvi cwiZ mw _K `yB
ZZxqsk cve| Avi gq GKRb nj m AaK cve|
[m~iv wbmv:11]
D`vniY:
1. GKRb ew `v`x, gq I Qj iL gviv Mj| AsK 6 viv
ne| `v`xi Rb lvsk Avi evwK Qj I gqi Rbcyil bvixi
Pq wb wnme|
2. GK ew gq I PvPv iL gviv Mj| AsK 2 viv ne|
gqi Rb AaK Avi evwK Avmvev wnme PvPvi Rb|
3. GK ew gv, `yRb gq I `v`v iL gviv Mj| AsK 6 viv
ne| gvi Rb lvsk, `v`vi Rb lvsk Avi `y'gqi Rb `yB
ZZxqvsk|
divqR Aavq
587
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
8- Qji gqì DivwaKvi

Qji gqi wgivmi Aevmg~n:
1. GK ev GKvwaK Qji gq AwbavwiZ Aski DivwaKvix
ne, hLb Zvi mv_ Zvi mgchvqi Kvb fvB _vKe| Avi m
nQ Qji Qj|
2. GKRb Qji gq AaK DivwaKvwiYx ne hw` Zvi Kvb
fvB-evb Ges gZ ewi Kvb Qj-gq bv _vK|
3. Qji gqiv GKvwaK nj `yB ZZxqvski DivwaKvwiYx
ne| Ze kZ njv: Zvì fvB Ges gZi Qj-gq bv _vKv|
4. GKvwaK Qji gqiv Zvì fvB bv _vKj GK lgvski
DivwaKvwiYx ne, hw` gZi Kvb Qj bv _vK Ges GKwU gv
gq _vK h AaKi gvwjK|
bvU: Ggwb fve Qji Qji gqiv Qji gqi mv_
Dciv wbqg Ask cve|
D`vniY:
1. GK ew gq, Qji gq I Qji Qj iL gviv Mj|
AsK 2 viv ne| gqi Rb AaK Avi evwK Qji gq I
Qji Qji Rb Avmvev wnme gq Qji AaK cve|
2. GK ew Qji gq I PvPv iL gviv Mj| AsK 2 viv
ne| Qji gqi Rb AaK Avi evwK Avmvev wnme PvPvi
Rb|
3. GK ew `yBRb Qji gq I mnì fvB iL gviv Mj|
gmvjv 3 viv ne| `yB Qji gqi Rb `yB ZZxqvsk Avi evwK
mnì fvBqi Rb|
4. GK ew gq, Qji gq I ewc fvB iL gviv Mj|
AsK 6 viv ne| gqi Rb AaK I Qji gqi Rb lvsk
Avi evwK ewc fvBqi Rb|
divqR Aavq
588
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
9-Avcb evbì DivwaKvi

mnì evbì wgivmi Aevmg~n:
1. Avcb evb GKRb nj AaKi DivwaKvwiYx ne| hw` Zvi
fvB bv _vK Ges gZi g~j Z_v wcZv ev `v`v I fvB-evb bv
_vK|
2. Avcb evb GKi AwaK nj `yB ZZxqvski DivwaKvwiYx
ne| kZ njv: Zvì Kvb fvB Ges gZi Qj-gq I g~j
Z_v evev-`v`v bv _vKv|
3. GK ev GKvwaK Avcb evb AwbavwiZ Aski DivwaKvwiYx
ne, hw` Zvì mv_ Zvì fvB _vK| GgZvevq GK fvB `yB
evbi mgvb Ask cve| Ggwb fve Zviv fvB-evb gZi
gqì mv_ njI GKB fve Ask cve|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
O N M L K J I H GFE D C B A{
a ` _ ^ ] \[Z Y X W V U TSR Q P
:./
z y dcb
Zviv ZvgvK ck KiQ Zzwg ej: Avjvn ZvgvìK Kvjvjvn

m^ Di w`Qb: hw` Kvb ew wb:mvb Aevq gviv hvq Ges
Zvi evb _vK Ze m Zvi cwiZ mw nZ Aavsk cve|
Avi hw` Kvb bvixi mvb bv _vK Ze Zvi fvBqiv DivwaKvix
ne| Ze hw` `yB evb _vK Zvnj Zvi cwiZ mwi `yB
ZZxqvsk Zviv cve| [m~iv wbmv:176]
D`vniY:
1. GK ew gv, mnì evb I `yBRb egvwqv evb iL gviv
Mj| AsK 6 viv ne| gvi Rb lvsk, mnì evbi Rb
AaK Avi egvwqv `yB evbi Rb GK ZZxqvsk|
divqR Aavq
589
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
2. GK ew x, `yBRb mnì evb I ewc fvBqi Qj iL

gviv Mj| AsK 12 viv ne| xi Rb GK PZz_vsk, `yB evbi
Rb `yB ZZxqvsk Avi evwK ewc fvBqi Qji Rb|
3. GK ew x, GKRb mnì evb, GKRb mnì fvB iL gviv
Mj| AsK 4 viv ne| xi Rb GK PZz_vsk Avi evwK fvB I
evbi gvS cyil bvixi wb wnme eb ne|
4. GK ew x, gq I mnì evb iL gviv Mj| AsK 8 viv
ne| xi Rb Agvsk, gqi Rb AaK Avi evwK mnì
evbi Rb|
divqR Aavq
590
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
10- egvq evbì DIivwaKKvi

egvq evbì wgivmi Aevmg~n:
1. egvq evb GKRb nj AaKi DivwaKvwiYx ne| kZ
njv: mv_ Zvi Kvb fvB-evb Ges gZi evev-`v`v I Avcb
fvB-evb bv _vKv|
2. egvq GKvwaK nj `yB ZZxqvski DivwaKvwiYx ne: kZ
njv: mv_ Zvi Kvb fvB Ges gZi evev-`v`v I Avcb fvB-evb
bv _vKv|
3. GK ev GKvwaK egvq evb gZi ay Avcb GK evbi
mv_ GK lgvski DivwaKvwiYx ne, hw` Zvì Kvb fvB Ges
gZi Avcb fvB, g~j Z_v evev-`v`v I Qj-gq bv _vK|
4. GK ev GKvwaK egvq evb Zvì fvBqi mv_ AwbavwiZ
Aski DivwaKvwiYx ne| (GgZvevq GK cyili Rb `yB
gwnjvi mgvb Ask ne|) gZi gqì mI Zviv Abyic Ask
cve|
D`vniY:
1. GK ew gv, egvq evb I `yBRb ewc fvB iL gviv
Mj| AsK 6 viv ne| gvi Rb lvsk, egvq evbi Rb
AaK Avi ewc `yB fvBqi Rb GK ZZxqvsk|
2. GK ew x, egvq `yB evb I egv fvBqi Qj iL
gviv Mj| AsK 12 viv ne| xi Rb GK PZz_vsk, egvq `yB
evbi Rb `yB ZZxqvsk Avi evwK egv fvBqi Qji Rb|
3. GK ew gv, ewcq evb, mnì evb I egvq `yB evb
iL gviv Mj| AsK ne 6 viv| gvi Rb lvsk, ewcq
evbi Rb lvsk, egvq `yB evbi Rb lvsk Avi mnì
evbi Rb AaK|
divqR Aavq
591
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
4. GK ew gv, egvq `yB evb I egv fvB iL gviv Mj|

AsK ne 6 viv| gvi Rb lvsk Avi evwK `yB evb I Zvì
fvBqi gvS cyil bvixi wb wnme eb ne|
5. GKRb gwnjv ^vgx, gq I egvq evb iL gviv Mj|
AsK ne 4 viv| ^vgxi Rb GK PZz_vsk, gqi Rb AaK
Avi evwK evbi Rb|
divqR Aavq
592
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
11- ewc fvBì DivwaKvi

ewc fvBì gwnjvì Dci cyilì Kvb cvavb
bB Ges Zvì gaKvi cyil gwnjvìK AwbavwiZ Aski
DivwaKvwiYx evbvZ cvie bv, dj fvB-evb mevB mgvb
Aski DivwaKvix ne| Gì cyilK bvixiv Ub Gb
Iqvwim evbvq| Giv gvi viv eviY nq Kg cvq|
ewc fvBì wgivmi Aevmg~n:
1. ewc fvB wKsev ewcx evb GKRb nj GK lgvski
DivwaKvix ne| kZ njv: gZi Qj-gq I g~j evev wKsev
`v`v _vKe bv|
2. ewc fvB I ewcx evbiv GKvwaK nj GK ZZxqvski
DivwaKvix ne| kZ njv: gZi Qj-gq I g~j evev wKsev
`v`v _vKe bv|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
f e d c b a ` _~ } | { z y{
vut srqp o n m l k j i hg
:./ z ~ } |{z y x w
hw` Kvb g~j I kvLvwenxb cyil ev gwnjv gviv hvq Ges Zvi GK
fvB wKsev GK evb _vK, Ze Zviv cZKB GK lvsk cve|
Avi hw` GKvwaK nq Ze Zviv GK ZZxqvsk Askx`vi ne KZ
AwmqZ c~iYi ci A_ev FY cwikvai ci KviI Awb bv Ki|
Bnv Avjvni wb`k| Avjvn me, mnbkxj| [m~iv wbmv: 12]
D`vniY:
1. GK ew x I ewc fvB Ges mnì PvPvi Qj iL gviv
Mj| G AsK 12 viv ne| xi Rb GK PZz_vsk, ewc
fvBqi Rb lvsk Avi evwK mnì PvPvi Qji Rb|
divqR Aavq
593
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
2. GKRb gwnjv ^vgx, `yBRb ewc fvB I mnì PvPv Qo gviv

Mj| AsK 6 viv ne| ^vgxi Rb AaK, `yB ewc fvBqi
Rb GK ZZxqvsk Avi evwK PvPvi Rb|
3. GK ew gv-evev I `yBRb ewc fvB iL gviv Mj| AsK
6 viv ne| gvi Rb lvsk Ges evwK evevi Rb| Avi
ewc fvBqiv evevi KviY ev` co hve|
divqR Aavq
594
wbavwiZ AskcvMY
wbavwiZ Askcvì wewfb gvmvqj

wbavwiZ Ask msv DivwaKvi welqi cmjv gvU wZb
cKvi:
1. Askjv g~j AsKi mgvb nj GK Avvw`jvn& ejv nq|
D`vniY: ^vgx I evb, AsKwU `yB viv ne, ^vgxi Rb AaK
wnmve GK I evbi Rb AaK wnmve Aci GK _vKe|
2. Askjv g~j AsK Acv Kg nj GK bvwKmvn& ejv nq|
G Aevq Aewk Ask ^vgxx eZxZ Abvb AwbavwiZ
Askcviv cve| hw` GZ AwbavwiZ Askjv c~Y mw kvwgj
bv Ki Ges Kvb AwbavwiZ Askcv bv _vK, Zvnj ZvivB Gi
AMvwaKvi hvM nK`vi ne| Avi Zvì AwbavwiZ Ask AbycvZ
MnY Kie|
D`vniY: x I gq, AsKwU AvU viv ne, xi Rb Agvsk
wnmve GK _vKe Ges gqi Rb AwbavwiZ Ask I Aewk
diZ hvM Ask wnmve mvZ fvM _vKe|
3. Askjv g~j AsK Acv ewk nj GK Avwqjvn& ejv
nq|
D`vniY: ^vgx I egvx `yB evb, G ^vgxK AaK `qv
nj evbqi AwaKvi `yB ZZxqvsk Aewk _vK bv; ZvB g~j
AsK Qq viv ne hv eo mvZ ùvove: ^vgxi Rb AaK wnmve
wZb Ges `yB evbi Rb `yB ZZxqvsk wnmve Pvi, dj hvi hvi
Ask AbycvZ cZKi fvM Kg coe|
divqR Aavq
595
AwbavwiZ AskcvMY
3-Avmvev Z_v AwbavwiZ AskcvMY

AwbavwiZ Askcviv njv: hviv wbavwiZ Ask Qvov
DivwaKvix nq|
AwbavwiZ AskcvMY `yB cKvi:
(1) esk m~ AwbavwiZ Askcv|
(2) KviYmvc AwbavwiZ Askcv|
1. esk my AwbavwiZ AskcvMY gvU wZb cKvi:
1. Abi gvag eZxZ AwbavwiZ Askcv ewMY:

Giv cyil RvZxq DivwaKvix wK ^vgx, ewc fvB, `vm
gyKvix eZxZ h_v: Qj, Qji Qj hwÌ wbP hvq, wcZv,
`v`v hwÌ Dci hvq, Avcb fvB, egv fvB, Avcb fvBqi
Qj hwÌ wbP hvq, egv fvBqi Qj hwÌ wbP hvq, Avcb
PvPv, egv PvPv, Avcb PvPvi Qj hwÌ wbP hvq, egv PvPvi
Qj hwÌ wbP hvq|
Gì ga h GKv _vKe m c~Y mw cq hve| Avi
hLb wbavwiZ Askcvì mv_ _vKe ZLb wbavwiZ Aski
ci hv Aewk _vKe Zv MnY Kie, Ze wbavwiZ Ask c~Y
mw kvwgj Ki wbj ev` co hve|
AwbavwiZ Ask DivwaKvi`vbKvix cjvi GKwU AciwU
Acv wbKUeZx| cjv chvqg cuvPwU: mvb c,
AZ:ci wcZ c, Gici fvB I fvBqi mvb c, AZ:ci
PvPviv I Zvì mvb c Ges me kl `vm gyKvix c|
`yRb AwbavwiZ Askcv GK mv_ nj Zvì wewfb Aev
nq _vK hgb :
1. c_g Aev GB h, Zvi c, i I gZv mgvb ne hgb :
`yB Qj A_ev `yB PvPv| GgZvevq DfqRb mgvb fve Askx`vi
ne|
divqR Aavq
596
AwbavwiZ AskcvMY
2. wZxq Aevq GB h, Zviv c I i mgvb ne wK gZvq

wfb _vKe hgb : Avcb PvPv I egv PvPv, G gZvi
cvavb Ìqv ne, dj Avcb PvPv DivwaKvix neb Ges egv
PvPv neb bv|
3. ZZxq Aev GB h, Zviv cMZ fve GK ne, Ze i wfb
ne hgb : Qj I Qji Qj, G ii cvavb Ìqv
ne, dj c~Y mw Qji Rb nq hve|
4. PZz_ Aev GB h, Zviv cMZ fve wfb ne, GgZevq
DIivwaKvi cMZ fve wbKUeZx ewK `~ieZx ewi Dci
cvavb `qv ne, hwÌ m ii w`K _K `~ieZx nq Ges
c~ev ew wbKUeZx nq, dj Qji Qj wcZvi Dci cvavb
cve|
2. Abi gaZvq AwbavwiZ Askcv ewMY:
Giv gvU PviRb bvix h_v:

1. GK A_ev GKvwaK Qji gaZvq GK A_ev ZZvwaK gq,
GK A_ev GKvwaK Qji Qji gaZvq|
2. GK A_ev GKvwaK gqi gq, GK A_ev GKvwaK Avcb
fvBqi gaZvq|
3. GK A_ev GKvwaK Avcb evb, GK A_ev GKvwaK egv
fvBqi gaZvq|
4. GK A_ev GKvwaK egvx evb|
Giv DivwaKvi GKRb cyil `yB gwnjvi mgvb Ask wnmve
cve Ges wbavwiZ Aski ci Aewk mw ZvivB cve| wK
hw` wbavwiZ Ask meUzKz mw kl Ki dj Ze Zviv ev`
co hve|
3. Abi mv_ AwbavwiZ Askcv ewMY:

Giv `yB cKvi gvbyl h_v:
597
divqR Aavq
AwbavwiZ AskcvMY
1. GK A_ev GKvwaK gq wKsev GK A_ev ZZvwaK Qji

gqi mv_ A_ev Dfq cKvii mv_ GK A_ev GKvwaK Avcb
evb|
5. GK A_ev ZZvwaK gq wKsev GK A_ev ZZvwaK Qji
gq A_ev Dfq cKvii mv_ GK A_ev ZZvwaK egvq
evb|
eZ: evbiv me mgqB gq wKsev Qji gqì mv_
Zviv hZB wbP hvq bv Kb AwbavwiZ Aski AwaKvix nq _vK,
ZvB Zviv wbavwiZ Aski cii Aewk mw cvq, Ze wbavwiZ
Ask c~Y mw kl Ki djj Zviv ev` co hve|
2. KviYmvc AwbavwiZ AskcvMY:
Giv cyil wKsev gwnjv wbwekl `vm gyKvix I Zviv mivmwi

AwbavwiZ AskcvMY|
tsr qp o n ml k j i h g f e{
:./ z y x w v u
Avi hw` Zviv cyil I bvix fvB-evb nq Ze cyil `yB gwnjvi

mgvb Ask cve| Avjvn Zvgvì Dk G Rb eYbv KiQb,
hb Zvgiv wev bv nI| Avi Avjvn me welq gnvvbx|
[m~iv wbmv: 176]
aRDP2
(> :
g
'@ K
=

. J1E9.- 8
#
) d = + a @ B P 'B @ * +

_ -1 (
2. Beb Avevm (ivwhqvjv Avbgv) _K ewYZ wZwb bex [`:]

nZ eYbv Kib, wZwb [`:] ejQb:Zvgiv DivwaKvixìK
divqR Aavq
598
AwbavwiZ AskcvMY
Zvì cvc eywSq `vI| AZ:ci hv Aewk _vK Zv wbKUeZx

cyil jvKì Rb|1
divqR Aavq
599

1. Dm~j-g~j: cwZwU wbKUvZxq hviv Dcii iK wgivm _K
ewZ Ki `q hw` GKB kYxi nq| hgb: evev `v`vK ev`
Ki `q, gv `v`x-bvbxK ev` Ki| Avi gv `v`vK ev` Ki
`q bv Ges evev `v`xK ev` Ki bv; KviY GKB kYxi bv|
2. di-kvLv: cwZwU cyil hviv Zvi wbPi iK ev` Ki `q|
PvB GKB kYxi nvK ev wfwb kYxi nvK| hgb: Qj
Qji Qj I Qji gqK ev` Ki `q| Avi bvixiv
Zvì wbPi iK ev` Ki bv| ZvB Qji gq gqi mv_
wgivm cve|
3. nvIqvkx-cvkeZx AvZxq: GìK Dm~j I dii cwZwU cyil
wgivm _K ewZ Ki `q| hgb evev fvB I evbìK
ev` Ki `q Ges Qj fvB I evbìK ewZ Ki `q|
Avi cwZwU wbKU cvkeZx AvZxq me`v `~ieZxK ewZ Ki
`q| ZvB fvB fvBqi QjK ev` Ki `q| Avi bvixì
cvkeZxi ga evbiv Qvov Avi KD wgivm cvq bv|
4. diì wgivmi bxwZgvjv njv: Kvb bvixi gvag viv hb
mK bv nq, PvB cyil nvK ev bvix nvK| myZivs Qji
Qj I Qji gq `yB RbB wgivm cve| wK gqi Qj
I gqi gq wgivm cve bv; KviY Gì mK bvixi
gvag|
5. Dm~j-g~ji cZKB hviv Iqvwimi mv_ mK Zviv wgivm
cve hgb: `v`vi gvMY|
6. `v`v mKj cKvi fvB-evbìK ev` Ki è, PvB Zviv
mnì nvK ev egv nvK wKsev ewc nvK| Avi PvB cyil
nvK ev bvix nvK| `v`v m~Y evevi gZB|
divqR Aavq
600
7. `v`x-bvbxiv kvLv Iqvwim _vK ev bv _vK A_ev fvB-evbiv

_vK ev bv _vK wKsev Avmvevi mv_ nvK ev bv nvK mevvq
aygv GK lvski AwaKvwiYx neb|
8. cwZwU `v`x-bvbx h Iqvwimi mv_ mK m wgivm cve
hgb: evevi gv I gvi gv|
9. xiv I `v`x-bvbxiv GK nvK ev GKvwaK wgivm GKB ne|
ZvB xMY PZz_vsk ev Avgvsk kwiK ne Ges `v`x-bvbxiv
lvsk kwiK ne|
10. PviRbi diR Ask Zvì msLv ewki KviY eo hve bv:
Zviv njb: xMY, `v`x-bvbxMY, Qji gqiv gqi mv_ I
egvq evbiv mnì evbi mv_|
11. hLb GBK i bvix I cyil GK Rgv ne ZLb cyil
bvixi wY cve| hgb: Qj I gq A_ev evev I gv
Dgvwiqvi `yB AsKZ (^vgx I evev-gv) Qq _K Ges (x I
evev-gv) Pvi _K gvi Rb evwKi GK ZZxqvsk|
12. divqRi weavb ewc fvB-evbiv Qvov Avi Kvb bvixcyil eivei ne bv| Zvì cyil I bvixiv wgivm mgvb
mgvb|
13. evbiv me`v gqì mv_ Avmvev ne|
divqR Aavq
601
ewZKiY
4- ewZKiY
Bnv njv: Kviv c DivwaKvi cvIqvi Kvb KviY we`gvb
_vKv mZI ZvK c~Y wKsev eo Ask _K ewZ Kivi bvg|
ewZKiY nQ DivwaKvi welqi iZcY~ I eo GK
Aavq| h G mK AeMZ _vKe bv m KLbv
DivwaKviK Zvi AwaKvi _K ewZ Ki wè A_ev Ggb
ewK AwaKvi w`q wè h Zvi AwaKvix bq| Avi GB `yB
AevZB iqQ cvc I Ryjyg|
Avmvevi cjv:
Qj hwÌ wbPi i Pj hvq hgb: Qji Qj-----,
mnì fvB---, egv fvB---, mnì fvBqi Qj---, egv
fvBqi Qj----, mnì PvPv----, egv PvPv---, mnì PvPvi
Qj----, egv PvPvi Qj| Giv mKj gvbyli Avmvev| Gì
KD GKvKx nj mg m` MnY Ki be| Avi diR Askxì
mv_ evwK Ask Zvì ne| hw` GKRb gvbyl gviv hvq Avi mnì
fvB Qvov Avi KD bv _vK, Zvnj ZviB Rb mg m` ne|
DivwaKvixì Aevmg~n:
DivwaKvixiv GK mv_ nj Zvì gvU 3wU Aev:
1. hLb me cyiliv GK mv_ ne ZLb Zvì ga Kej wZbRb
DivwaKvi cve h_v: wcZv, cy I ^vgx| Gì AsK ne 12viv:
wcZvi Rb GK lgvsk wnmve `yB, ^vgxi Rb GK PZz_vsk
wnmve wZb| Avi Aewk mvZ Qji Rb AwbavwiZ Ask wnmve|
2. hLb mg gwnjviv GK mv_ ne ZLb Zvì ga Kej
cvuPRb DivwaKvi cve h_v: x, gv, gq, Qji gq, I Avcb
evb| Avi Abvbiv mKj ev` co hve| Gì AsK ne 24
viv: xi Rb Agvsk wnmve 24_K 3| gvi Rb lgvsk
wnmve 24 _K 4| gqi Rb AaK wnmve 24 _K 12|
divqR Aavq
602
ewZKiY
Qji gqi Rb lgvsk wnmve 24 _K 4| Avi Avcb evbi

Rb AwbavwiZ Ask wnmve 24 _K _vKe Aewk gv 1|
3. hLb mKj cyil I mg gwnjv GK mv_ ne ZLb Kej
cvuPRb DivwaKvix ne h_v: wcZv, gvZv, Qj, gq, ^vgx I
xi h Kvb GKRb| Gi `yB Aev h_v:
1. Zvì mv_ x _vKj AsKwU 24 viv ne: wcZvi Rb
lgvsk wnmve 24 _K 4| gvi Rb lgvsk wnmve 24 _K
4| xi Rb Agvsk wnmve 24 _K 3| Avi Aewk 24 _K
13 AwbavwiZ Ask wnmve Qj I gqi Rb Qj gqi wY
wnmve eb ne|
2. Zvì mv_ ^vgx _vKj AsKwU 12 viv ne: wcZvi Rb
lgvsk wnmve 12 nZ 2| gvi Rb lgvsk wnmve 12 nZ 2|
^vgxi Rb PZz_vsk wnmve 12 nZ 3| Avi Aewk 12 nZ 5
AwbavwiZ Ask wnmve Qj I gqi Rb Qj gqi wY
wnmve eb ne|
2. Dm~j-g~j, di-kvLv I nvIqvkx-cvkeZx AvZxq:
AvZxqiv g~j, kvLv I cvk|
g~j njv: hvì _K kvLv nqQ| Giv njv mKj evev I
gvqiv|
kvLv njv: hviv wbRi _K kvLv nqQ| Giv njv Qj I
gqiv|
cvk njv: hviv wbRi g~j _K kvLv| Gì ga mKj fvBevb I PvPv I gvgviv cek Kie|
g~j _K hviv AvZxq: cwZwU cyil hvi I gvqZi gvS
bvixi gvag hgb: gvi evev A_vr bvbv|
kvLv _K hviv AvZxq: cwZwU cyil hvi I gvqZi gvS
bvixi gvag hgb: gqi Qj I gqi gq|
divqR Aavq
603
ewZKiY
ewZ nIqvi cKvi

ewZ nIqv gvU `yB fvM wef:
1. wekl ewki KviY ewZ nIqv:
GwU nQ DivwaKvix DivwaKvi _K ewZ nIqvi Kvb
wekl ewk Rwoq covi bvg h_v: `vmZ, nZv I wfb agi
nIqv| Avi GwU cZK DivwaKvixi ga cek KiZ cvi|
AZGe, h ew Gme ewki h Kvb GKwU viv f~wlZ ne m
DivwaKvi cve bv Ges Zvi _vKvK bv _vKv ej weewPZ ne|
2. ew wekli KviY ewZ nIqv:
GLvb hv Dk Zv nQ Kvb ewK Aci Kvb ewi
KviY eviY Kivi bvg|
GwU Avevi `yB fvM wef:
Kg RvZxq eviY I c~YewZ RvZxq eviY Gi weeiY wbgic:
1. Kg RvZxq ewZ:
GwU nQ DivwaKvix ewK eo Ask _K eviY Kiv Z_v
eviYKvixi KviY eviYKZ fvM Kg covi bvg|
GwU Avevi `yB cKvi:
c_g cKvi: Kg RvZxq ewZ hvi KviY vbvi, Bnv Pvi cKvi:
1. ewZ ew wbavwiZ Ask _K AcvKZ Kg wbavwiZ Ask
vbvwiZ ne| Giv gvU cvuP Rb: ^vgx, x gv, Qji gq I
egvx evb| hgb: ^vgxi AaK _K PZz_vsk vbwiZ
nIqv|
2. AwbavwiZ Ask _K Z`vcv Kg AwbavwiZ Ask vbvwiZ
nIqv| Avi Bnv Kej wcZv I `v`vi nq _vK|
3. wbavwiZ Avsk _K Z`vcv Kg AwbavwiZ Ask vbvwiZ
nIqv| Avi Bnv AaKi AwaKvixìi nq _vK| Giv
nQ gq, Qji gq, Avcb evb I egvx evb hLb Zvì
cZKi mv_ ^xq fvB _vKe|
divqR Aavq
604
ewZKiY
4. AwbavwiZ Ask _K Zvi Pq Kg AwbavwiZ Ask vbvwiZ

nIqv| Avi Bnv AwbavwiZ Askcvì nq _vK, dj
Avcb A_ev egvx evb gq A_ev Qji gqi mv_ Aewk
Ask cve hv ne AaK, Ze Zvi mv_ Zvi fvB _vKj Aewk
Ask Zvì `yB Rbi ga eb ne| GZ cyili Rb `yB
gwnjvi Aski mgvb _vKe|
wZxq cKvi: hvi KviY GKvwaK Aski mswgkY, Bnv wZb cKvi:
1. GwU wbavwiZ diR Ask ne hv mvZ Rb DivwaKvixi
nq _vK h_v: `v`v, x, GKvwaK gq I Qji gqiv, Avcb
evbiv, egvx evbiv, ewc fvBqiv|
2. AwbavwiZ Ask mswgkY: Bnv cZK AwbavwiZ Ask cvcKì
ne hgb : Qjiv, fvBqiv, PvPviv I Aviv Abvb|
3. g~j AsKi Pq Ask ewk nIqvi wfwZ GKvwaK Aski
mswgkY| Avi GwU ne wbavwiZ Ask cvcKMYi hLb Zviv
GK mv_ mevB Askx`vi ne|
2. c~Y RvZxq ewZ:
GwU nQ Kvb ew Aci ewK m~Y fve Zvi AwaKvi
_K ewZ Kivi bvg| GwU QqRb eZxZ Ab me DivwaKvixi
chvR ne| Giv njv QqRb: wcZv, gvZv, ^vgx, x, Qj
I gq|
divqR Aavq
605
ewZKiY
ewi gvag ewZì bxwZgvjv

1. cZK g~j DivwaKvix Zvi Dcii g~jK ewZ Kie, dj
wcZv `v`vìK ewZ Kieb I gvZv bvbxìK ewZ Kieb
BZvw`|
2. cZK DivwaKvix mvb Zvi wbPi iK ewZ Kie, PvB
m mRvZ Qj nvK ev gq nvK, dj Qj Qji QjgqìK ewZ Kie| Avi gqiv `yB ZZxqvsk cvIqv Aevq
Zvì wbPi gqìK ewZ Kie| wK hw` gqìK Kvb
cyil AwbavwiZ Aski AwaKvwiYx evbvq Zvnj Aewk Ask
cyiliv AwbavwiZ Ask wnmve cq hve|
3. cZK g~j Z_v evev-`v`v I Qj-gqiv cZK kvLv Z_v
Avcb I egv fvB-evb I Zvì mvbvw` Ges ewc fvB,
Abyic Avcb I egv PvPv I Zvì QjiK ewZ Kie| Avi
bvixi g~j Z_v gv I `v`x A_ev gq I Qji gqiv aygv
ewc fvBìK ewZ Kie AbvbìK bv|
4. cvkeZx Z_v fvB-evb wKsev PvPviv DivwaKvi GKRb
Aci Rbi mgZzj| AZGe, Zvì ga h KD AwbavwiZ
Ask DivwaKvix ne m wbPi ewK ewZ Kie| bxP w`K ev
wbKU wKsev gZvi KviY nq| ZvB egv fvB, Avcb fvB I
Abi mv_ AwbavwiZ Askcvv evbi KviY ewZ ne| Avcb
fvBqi Qj, Avcb fvB I Abi mv_ AwbavwiZ Askcvv
egvx evbi KviYI ewZ ne| Avi egv fvBqi Qj
c~ev PviRb I Avcb fvBqi Qji KviY ewZ ne| Avcb
PvPv c~ev cvuPRb I egv fvBqi Qji KviY ewZ ne|
egv PvPv c~ev QqRb I Avcb PvPvi KviY ewZ ne| Avcb
PvPvi Qj c~ev mvZRb I egv PvPvi KviY ewZ ne|
egv PvPvi Qj c~ev AvURb I Avcb PvPvi Qji KviY
divqR Aavq
606
ewZKiY
ewZ ne| ewc fvBqiv cyili g~j Z_v evev-`v`v I fvBevbì DivwaKvixi KviY ewZ ne|
5. g~j DivwaKvixìK Kej g~j DivwaKvixivB ewZ Kie|
Avi kvLv DivwaKvixìK Kej kvLv DivwaKvixivB ewZ
Kie| wK cvkeZx (fvB-evb I PvP I Zvì mvbvw`)
DivwaKvixìK g~j, kvLv I cvkeZx mevB ewZ KiZ cvie
hv BwZc~e DjL nqQ|
6. ewZ DivwaKvixiv gvU Pvi fvM wef:
(K) hviv AbìK ewZ Kie wK ZvìK KD ewZ Kie
bv h_v: gvZvwcZv I Qj-gq|
(L) hvìK ewZ Kiv ne wK Zviv AbìK ewZ KiZ
cviebv, Zviv nQ ewc fvBqiv|
(M) hviv bv KvDK ewZ Ki Avi bv ZvìK KD ewZ KiZ
cvie, Zviv nQ ^vgx, x|
(N) hviv AbK ewZ Ki Ges ZvìKI Abiv ewZ Ki,
Zviv nQ Abvb DivwaKvixMY|
7. `vm-`vmx AvRv`Kvix cyil I AvRv`KvwiYx gwnjv m `vm`vmxi wbKUeZx cZK AwbavwiZ Aswk`vii KviY ewZ ne|
divqR Aavq
607
AsKi g~j msLv wbYq
5- AsKi g~j msLv wbYq

g~j msLv wbYq Kiv: mePq QvU msLv wbYqKiY hvi viv
Kvb fMvsk QvovB gvmvjvi AsK wbw` Kiv hve|
g~j msLv wbYqKiYi DcKvwiZv: eb Kivi g~j msLvjv
Rvbv hve Ges cwiZ mw eb mnR ne|
DivwaKvixì AsKjvi wZb Aev:
cZK AsKi g~j msLv DivwaKvixì Aev f` wfb
ne:
1. hw` Zviv AwbavwiZ Askcv nq Ze g~j msLv Zvì
msLvbycvZ wbavwiZ ne| Gi wbqg njv: cyili Rb `yB
gwnjvi mgvb Ask _vKe| hgb : KD GK Qj I GK gq
iL gviv Mj AsKwU wZb viv msNwUZ ne: Qji Rb `yB I
gqi Rb GK _vKe|
2. hw` g~j AsK wbavwiZ GK Aski AwaKvix I AwbavwiZ
Aski AwaKvixiv _vK Ze g~j AsK wbavwiZ GK Aski Drm
viv ne hgb: KD x I Qj iL gviv Mj, AsKwU AvU viv
ne, xi Rb wbavwiZ Ask wnmve GK Agvsk Z_v GK _vKe
Ges Qji Rb AwbavwiZ Ask wnmve Aewk mw mvZ
_vKe|
3. hLb g~j AsK Kej wbavwiZ Askcviv _vKe A_ev Zvì
mv_ AwbavwiZ Askcviv _vKe ZLb wbavwiZ Aski cwZ
wbgwjwLZ PviwU m^ Abyhvqx `w wbc Kiv ne|
m^jv h_v: m`k, cii Abycek g~jK, AbyKzj RvZ I
ecixZ g~jK| djwU ne AsKi g~j msLv| Avi wbavwiZ Ask
hgb : AaK, GK PZz_vsk, GK lvsk, GK ZZxqvsk, GK
Agvsk, `yB ZZxqvsk| GZ `yB m`ki h Kvb GKwUK
h_ gb Kiv ne, `yB cii AbycekKvixi eo msLK
MnY Kiv ne, AbyKzj RvZ `yB mî GKwUi AbyKzj
divqR Aavq
608
AsKi g~j msLv wbYq
msLvK AciwUi c~Y msLvi mv_ c~iY w`Z ne Ges ecixZ

c~Y `yB mî GKwUi c~Y msLvK AciwUi c~Y msLvi
mv_ c~iY w`Z ne hgb : m`k (1/3, 1/3), cii Abycek
g~jK (1/2, 1/6), AbyKzj g~jK (1/8,1/6)I ecixZ g~jK (2/3
1/4) BZvw`|
wbavwiZ Askcvì AsKi g~j msLvgvU mvZwU h_v: 2, 3,
4, 6, 8, 12 I 24|
wbasvwiZ Ask cvcKì ci hw` wKQy Aewk _vK Avi Kvb
AwbavwiZ Ask cvcK bv _vK Ze ^vgxx eZxZ Ab me
wbavwiZ Ask cvcKì Dci mB AbycvZ Zv diZ Avme
hgb : ^vgx I gq, AsKwU Pvi viv ne,^vgxi Rb GK
PZz_vsk wnmve GK _vKe Ges Aewkw mw wbavwiZ Ask
I diZ wnmve gqi Rb _vKe| GfveB Abvbjv
KiZ ne|
divqR Aavq
609
cwiZ mw eb
6- cwiZ mw eb
cwiZ mw njv: gZ ewi cwiZ mw PvB Zv gvjm` nvK ev Ab wKQy|
cwiZ mw ebi cvmg~n:
cwiZ m` DivwaKvixì gvS wbgi h Kvb GKwU
cwZ Abyhvqx eb Kiv hve:
1. m KiYi cwZ:
Bnv njv : cZK Askx`vii g~j AsK _K Zvi cvIbvK
Zvi cwZ m^ Kie Ges m AbycvZ ZvK mw Ìqv ne|
hw` KD giYKvj (x, gv I PvPv) iL hvq, Avi cwiZ
mw 120 nq, Ze 12 viv AsK ne, xi Rb GK PZz_vsk
wnmve wZb _vKe, gvi Rb GK ZZxqvsk wnmve Pvi _vKe Ges
PvPvi Rb Aewk cvuP _vKe| dj AsKi mv_ xi wZbi m^
nQ GK PZz_vski| AZGe, m mwIi GK PZz_vsk wnmve
wk cve, gvqi Pvii m^ nQ GK ZZxqvski| AZGe, wZwb
mwi GK ZZxqvsk wnmve Pwjk cveb| PvPvi cvuPi m^
nQ GK PZz_vsk I lski| AZGe, wZwb mwi GK PZz_vsk
I lgvsk wnmve cvk cveb|
2. BQv Kij cZK DivwaKvixi AskK cwiZ mwZ
c~iY w`q AZ:ci c~iYdjK AsKi wefvR c~Y msLv viv fvM
w`j Zvi mwi Ask ewiq Avme| AZGe, c~ev AsK xi
GK PZz_vsk wnmve cvwK c~Y mw (120) viv c~iY w`j
c~iYdj (320)K g~j AsKi (12) viv fvM Kij Zvi Ask ne
(30)| Abyic evwKjvZI|
3. PvBj mwK AsKi wefvR c~Y msLv viv fvM w`q fvM
djK AsKi cv DivwaKvixi Ask viv c~iY KiZ ne| Avi
G c~iYdj ne mwZ _K Zvi Ask| AZGe, c~ev AsK c~Y
mw (120)K g~j AsKi (12) viv fvM Ki fvM dj (10)K
divqR Aavq
610
cwiZ mw eb
cZK DivwaKvixi Aski mv_ c~iY w`Z ne| dj c~ev

AsK gvi Ask GK ZZxqvsk wnmve PviK `k viv Y w`j
(104=40) Bnv mwZ gvi cvIbv Ask| Abyic evwKivI|
wgivQ ebi mgq hviv nvwRi ne Zvì wKQy Ìqvi weavb:
wgivQ ebi mgq hw` gZi hviv DivwaKvix bq Zviv ev
GwZgiv wKsev hvì Kvb m` bB Zviv nvwRi nq, Zvnj
wgivQ ebi c~e ZvìK m` _K wKQy Ìqv gyvnve|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx
` _ ^ ] \ [ Z Y X W V{
:./
z c b a
Avi hLb wgivQ ebi mgq AvZxq-^Rb I GwZg Ges

wgmwKbiv nvwRi nq ZLb ZvìK Zv _K wKQy `vb Ki| Avi
ZvìK Dg K_v ej| [m~iv wbmv: 8]
DivwaKvixì gvmqvjvjvi cKvi:
DivwaKvixì gvmqvjvjv wZb cKvi:
c_g: gvmqvjv Avw`jv: G njv cZKi Aski hvMdj g~j
AsKi mv_ mgvb nIqv hgb: ^vgx I mnì evb hvi AsK ne
2 viv| cZKi Rb AaK Ki| myZivs `yB Ask g~j AsKi
mgvb|
wZxq: gvmqvjv bvwKmv: G njv mevi Aski hvMdj g~j AsK
_K Kg nIqv hgb: x I ewcqv evb hvi AsK ne 12
viv| xi Rb GK PZz_vsk (3) I ewcqv evbi Rb lvsk
(2)| AZGe, hvMdj (3+ 5=8) hv g~j AsK (12)-Gi PvBZ
Kg|
ZZxq: gvmqvjv Avwqjv: G njv mevi Aski hvMdj g~j AsKi
PvBZ ewk nIqv| hgb: gv, ewc fvB-evb I mnì evb
`yBRb| AsK 6 viv Gi ga gvi Rb lvsk (1) ewc fvBevbì Rb G ZZxqvsk (2) Ges `yB mnì evbi Rb `yB
divqR Aavq
611
cwiZ mw eb
ZZxqvsk (4)| hvMdj (7) hv g~j AsK (6) nZ AwaK| ZvB

gvmqvjv Avwqjv (7) w`q|
Iqvwim nIqvi w`K _K DivwaKvixì cKvi:
Iqvwim nIqvi w`K _K DivwaKvixiv cuvP cKvi:
1. aygv diR Askx`viMY| Giv njv: ^vgx-x, gv I gvi
mvbiv|
2. aygv Avmvev Askx`viMY| Giv njv: Qjiv I Qjì
Qjiv, fvBqiv I fvBì Qjiv I PvPviv I PvPvì
Qjiv|
3. hviv wbR diR Askx`vi Ges Avevi Avmvev Askx`viI hgb:
evevI `v`v|
4. hviv wbR diR Askx`vi Ges Abi viv Avmvev hgb:
evbiv gqì mv_|
5. hviv bv diR Askx`vi Avi bv Avmvev Askx`vi| Giv njv
AvZxq-^Rb|
divqR Aavq
612
Ask eo hvIqv
7- AvIj ev Ask eo hvIqv

AvIj ej:
Ask eo hvIqv I wnm&mv Kg hvIqv| A_vr cwiZ
mw Askx`viMYi ga eb Kivi mgq wKQy Ask AwZwi
nq Mj Zv cybeb Kiv|
Askx`viMYi cwZ Ask eo hvIqvi cfve:
gvmqvjvZ AvIj Z_v Ask eo Mj cZK Askx`vii
wnm&mv Kg hve|
AvIj wnme g~j gvmvqjjvi cKvi:
gvmvqjjvi g~j mvZwU: (2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24)|
AvIj nvIqv bv nIqvi w`K _K gvmvqjjvi g~j `yB cKvi:
c_g: hme g~j gvmvqjjvZ AvIj ne bv mjv PviwU: (2,
3, 4, 8)|
wZxq: hme g~j gvmvqjjvZ AvIj ne mjv wZbwU: (6,
12, 24)|
g~j gvmvqj Gi AvIji kl:

1. g~j (6)-Gi AvIj ne Pvievi:
(K) mvZ ch AvIj ne hgb: GKRb gwnjv Zvi ^vgx Ges

`yBRb mnì evb iL gviv Mj| gvmqvjv (6) viv ne Ges
(7) ch AvIj Z_v eo hve| ^vgxi Rb AaK (3) Ges `yB
evbi Rb `yB Zxqvsk (4) A_vr (3+4=7)|
(L) AvU ch AvIj ne hgb: hw` GKRb gwnjv Zvi ^vgx,
GKRb mnì evb I ewcq `yB evb iL gviv hvq, Zvnj
gvmqvjv ne 6 viv hv AvIj nq ùvove (8)| ^vgxi Rb
AaK (3), mnì evbi Rb AaK (3) Ges ewcq `yB
evbi Rb GK ZZxqvsk (2) A_vr-(3+3+2=8)|
(M) bq ch AvIj ne hgb: GKRb gwnjv ^vgx, `yBRb mnì
evb I `yBRb ewc fvB iL gviv Mj| gvmqvjv ne (6) viv
divqR Aavq
613
Ask eo hvIqv
hv AvIj nq cuQe (9)| ^vgxi Rb AaK (3),`yB mnì

evbi Rb `yB ZZxqvsk (4) Ges `yB ewc fvBqi Rb GK
ZZxqvsk (2) A_vr(3+4+2=9)
(N) `k ch AvIj ne hgb: GKRb gwnjv ^vgx, gv, `yBRb
mnì evb I `yBRb ewcqv evb iL gviv Mj| gvmqvjv ne
(6) viv hv AvIj nq ùvove (10)| ^vgxi Rb AaK (3),
gvi Rb lvsk (1), `yB mnì evbi Rb `yB ZZxqvsk (4)
Ges ewcq evbi Rb GK ZZxqvsk (2) A_vr
(3+1+4+2=10)
2. g~j (12)-Gi AvIj ne wZbevi:
(K) Zi ch AvIj ne hgb: GKRb gwnjv Zvi ^vgx, evev,

gv, I gq Qo gviv Mj| gvmqvjv ne (12) viv hv AvIj
Z_v eo ne (13)| ^vgxi Rb GK PZz_vsk (3), evevi Rb
lvsk (2), gvi Rb lvsk (2) Ges gqi Rb AaK (6)
A_vr(3+2+2+6=13)|
(L) cbi ch AvIj ne hgb: GKRb gwnjv Zvi ^vgx, evev,
gv, I `yBRb gq iL gviv Mj| gvmqvjv (12) viv ne hv
AvIj nq (15) ùvove| ^vgxi Rb GK PZz_vsk (3), evevi
Rb lvsk (2), gvi Rb lvsk (2) Ges `yB gqi Rb `yB
ZZxqvsk (8) A_vr(3+2+2+8=15)|
(M) mZi ch AvIj ne hgb: GK ew Zvi x, gv, `yBRb
egvq evb I `yBRb ewcq evb iL gviv Mj| gvmqvjv
ne (12) viv hv eo ne (17)| xi Rb GK PZz_vsk (3),
gvi Rb lvsk (2), `yBRb egvq evbi Rb `yB ZZxqvsk
(8) I `yBRb ewcq evbi Rb GK ZZxqvsk (4) A_vr
(3+2+8+4=17)|
3. g~j (24)-Gi AvIj ne gv GKevi (27) ch:
D`vniY: hw` GKRb ew Zvi x, evev, gv I `yBRb gq

iL gviv hvq, Zvnj gvmqvjv ne (24) viv hv AvIj nq
divqR Aavq
614
Ask eo hvIqv
(27) ch ùvove| xi Rb Agvsk (3), evevi Rb lvsk

(4), gvi Rb lvsk (4) I `yB gqi Rb `yB ZZxqvsk (16)
A_vr (3+4+4+16=27)|
divqR Aavq
615
i-diZ Ìqv
8- i-diZ Ìqv
i ej: gvmqvji evwK Ask diR Askx`viì gvS hviv
nK`vi ZvìK diZ Ìqv| A_vr cwiZ mw diR
Askx`viMYi ga eb Kivi mgq wKQy Ask evwK _K
Mj Zv cybeb Kiv|
iGi KviY: Ask Kg I wnm&mvq ewk nIqv| Bnv AvIji
wecixZ|
iGi cfve:
i Z_v diZ Ìqvi dj Askx`viMYi wnm&mv eo hve|
hvì cwZ i-diZ Ìqv ne:
^vgx-x, evev I `v`v Qvov mKj diR Askx`viMYi cwZ
idiZ Ìqv ne| Giv njv AvURb: gq, Qji gq,
mnì evb, egvq evb, gv, `v`x-bvbx, ewc fvB I ewcq
evb|
idiZ Ìqvi kZvejx:
idiZ Ìqvi Rb wZbwU kZ:
1. diR Askx`viMY hb gvmqvjv m~Y cwie bv Ki dj;
KviY cwie Kij evwK wKQyB _vKe bv hv diZhvM ne|
2. Kvb Avmvev hb bv _vK; KviY Avmvev ew evwK Ask wbq
be, hvi dj evwK _vKe bv hv idiZ Ìqv ne|
3. diR Askx`viMYi DcwwZ _vKv|
idiZi gvmqvjvi AsK Kivi cwZ:
hvì cwZ idiZ Ìqv ne Zvì mv_ ^vgx-xi Kvb
GKRb _vKe A_ev _vKe bv|
1. hw` ^vgx-xi Kvb GKRb bv _vK Zvnj Zvì wZb Aev:
c_g Aev: Zvì ga aygv GKRb _vKe hgb: gq ev
evb| m diR I idiZ wnme mg mw MnY Kie|
divqR Aavq
616
i-diZ Ìqv
wZxq Aev: Zvì ga aygv GK kYxi Askx`vi _vKe

hgb: gqiv ev evbiv| Gì msLv viv gvmqvjv KiZ ne|
hgb hw` gZ ew wZbRb gq iL gviv hvq, Zvnj Zvì
msLv wZb viv gvmqvjv KiZ ne|
ZZxq Aev: Zvì ga GKvwaK kYxi Askx`vi DcwZ
_vKe| G Aevq cZK diR Askx`viK Zvi diR Ask w`Z
ne| Avi gvmqvjv Ggbfve KiZ ne hb ZvZ Kvb
idiZ bv _vK| i-diZi mKj gvmqvjvi g~j (6) viv
ne| AZ:ci diR Askjv GK KiZ ne hv ii g~j
ùvove|
D`vniY: GKRb gvbyl GKRb gq I GKRb Qji gq
iL gviv Mj| gvmqvjv ne (6) viv hv ii gvag ùvove
(4)| myZivs gqi Rb AaK (3) Avi Qji gqi Rb
lvsk (1) Ges evwK (2)| ZvB g~j gvmqvjvi diR Askjvi
gvU (4)K ivi g~j gvmqvjv Kiv ne| AZGe, gq cve (3)
diR I i wnme Ges Qji gq cve (1) diR I i
wnme| Gfve ivi gvmqvjv KiZ ne|
2. hw` Zvì mv_ ^vgx-xi Kvb GKRb _vK:
G Aevq ^vgx-xi Kvb GKRb Zvi diR Ask g~j mw
_K be| Avi evwK diR Askx`viMY Zvì gv_vwcQy cve|
PvB Zviv GKB kYxi nvK hgb: GK gq A_ev GKvwaK hgb:
wZb gq A_ev GKvwaK kYxi nvK hgb: gv I gq|
divqR Aavq
617
AvZxq-^Rbì wgivQ
9- AvZxq-^Rbì wgivQ
AvZxq-^Rb:
H mKj AvZxq hviv bv wbavwiZ Ask viv Avi bv Avmvev Z_v
AwbavwiZ Ask wnmve wgivQ cvq|
AvZxq-^Rbiv `ywU kZ wgivQ cve:
(GK) ^vgx I x eZxZ Abvb wbavwiZ AskcvMY bv _vKv|
(`yB) AvmvevMY (hvì wgivQ AwbavwiZ Ask)-Giv bv _vKv|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
I
.[/"64/ ]H
eZ: hviv AvZxq-^Rb, Avjvni weavb gZ Zviv cii ewk

nK`vi| wbqB Avjvn hveZxq welq AeMZ| [m~iv Avbdvj:75]
AvZxq-^Rbì wgivQi wbqg:
hviB mK bvixi gvag m wgivQ cve bv hgb: gv, gqi
Qj, evbi gq| wK Zviv AvZxq-^Rb| Avi Zvì wZbwU
w`K: cyZ, wcZZ I gvZZ|
AvZxq-^Rbì wgivQ cZKK Zvi vb AeZviY Ki
KiZ ne| ZvB cZK AvZxqK hvi viv m cKvk cvq Zvi
vb AeZviY KiZ ne| AZ:ci hvì viv cKvk cvq Zvì
cwZ mw eb Ki cZKKi Rb hv ne ZvB cZK
AvZqxq MnY Kie hgb :
1. gqì mvb I Qjì gqì mvbiv Zvì gvqi
vb|
2. fvBì gqiv I Zvì Qjì gqiv Zvì evevì
vb| Avi egv fvBì mvbiv egv fvBì vb| Avi
mKj evbì mvbiv Zvì gvMYi vb|
divqR Aavq
618
AvZxq-^Rbì wgivQ
3. gvgviv I Lvjviv Ges bvbv gvqi gZB|

4. dzdziv I egv PvPviv evevi bvq|
5. gvqi A_ev evevi ci Si hvIqv bvbx I `v`xiv| hgb :
bvbvi gv I `v`vi evevi gv| c_g Rb bvbxi vb Avi wZxq
Rb `v`xi vb|
6. evev A_ev gvi ci Si hvIqv `v`vMY| hgb : evevi gvi
evev I gvqi evevi evev| c_g Rb gvi vb Avi wZxq Rb
`v`xi vb|
h KD c~e DjwLZ Kvb GKwU wefvMi viv m ne m
hvi viv m ne ZviB vb ne hgb : dzdzi dzdz I
Lvjvi Lvjv BZvw`|
divqR Aavq
619
cUi evPvi wgivQ
10- cUi evPvi wgivQ

gvqi cUi evPvK AviweZ nvgj I Rvbxb ejv nq|
cUi evPv KLb wgivQ cve:
cUi evPv wgivQ cve hw` m AvIqvR Ki gvi cU _K
RbMnY Ki| Avi DivwaKviKi gZzi mgq hb gvqi Mf
_vK hwÌ byZdv Z_v Y nvK bv Kb| RbMnY AvIqvR Ki
ev nuvwP w`q wKsev Ku` BZvw` fve nZ cvi|
R R
a= ,; ' K
= : - %- * >

9 xO= ) @ ES

B & a%
F D N 4 MS' % ! 7^ aDa 9 3 7
9 9 :D aDP%
. J1E9.@
%- 9 - ? N 4 gQ9
Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb Avwg im~jyjvn []K

ejZ bwQ: cZK Av`g mvbK kqZvb Zvi Rbi mgq
k Ki| ZvB kqZvbi ki KviY wPwjq DV| wK gwiqg
(iv:) I Zvi mvb (Cmv ) eZxZ|1
h ewi DivwaKviì gvS cUi evPvI AvQ Zvì `yB
Aev:
1. nqZv cUi evPv cme ch Acv Kie I evPvi Aev
cKvk cve| Gici m` eb Kie|
2. A_ev evPv f~wg nIqvi c~eB eb Kie| G Aevq cUi
evPvi Rb `yB Rb Qj ev gqi wgivQi Pq ewk iL
evwKiv eb Ki be| Avi hLb RbMnY Kie ZLb m Zvi
AwaKvi be Avi hv evwK _vKe Zv Zvi nK`viv MnY Kie|
Avi hvK cUi evPv eviY Ki bv hgb: `v`v wZwb Zvi c~Y
nK wbq be| Avi hvi nK Kwgq `q hgb: x I gv Zviv
Kg wbe| Avi h cUi evPvi KviY ev` co hvq ZvK
1
divqR Aavq
620
cUi evPvi wgivQ
wKQyB Ìqv ne bv hgb fvBqiv| Gi Ask weiZ ivLZ

ne hZY evPv bv Rb|
AZGe, hw` Kvb ew MfeZx x, `v`x I mnì fvB iL
gviv hvq, Zvnj gvmqvjv (24) viv ne| `v`xi Rb lvsk
PvB xi cUi evPv Qj nvK ev gq wKsev gZz nvK|
Avi xi Rb Agvsk hw` evPv RxeZ RbMnY Ki Ges GK
PZz_vsk gZz Rb MnY Kij| xK hv GwKb Z_v Agvsk
è| Avi mnì fvB hw` evPv Qj nq Zvnj ev` co
hve| Avi hw` gq nq Zvnj evwK Ask ci cve| Avi hw`
gZz RbMnY Ki evwK Ask be| ZvB Zvi wgivQ Ìqv
weiZ _vKe|
divqR Aavq
621
wnRovì wgivQ
11- wnRovì wgivQ

LybQv Z_v wnRov ejv nq hvì cyil I x Dfqwj _vK|
LybQv Z_v Dfqwjì (wnRov) wgivQi wbqg:
1. LybQvi Aev hw` A nq Ze cyili AaK I gwnjvi
AaK wgivQ cve|
2. hw` LybQvi Aev cKvk nIqvi Avkv Kiv hvq Ze Zvi welq
my nIqv ch Acv KiZ ne| hw` Acv bv Ki fvMeb KiZ Pvq Ze LybQv I Zvi m hviv AvQ Zvì mv_
wZ Z_v Kg viv KvR mviZ ne| Avi evwKjv AvUwKq
ivLZ ne hZY LybQvi Aev cv_K bv Kiv hvq| G Aevq
LybQvK cyil ai KvR KiZ ne| AZ:ci Avevi ZvK gwnjv
wnmve aiZ ne| Avi LybQv I Zvi mi IqvwiQìK `yB
Aski KgUv w`Z ne| Avi evwK m` Zvi Aevi cv_K bv
Kiv hvIqv ch AvUwKq ivLZ ne|
LybQvi Aev Rvbvi AvjvgZ:
LybQvi Aev wKQy welq viv my nq hgb:
`yB wji Kvb GKwU wj w`q ckve A_ev exh ei nIqv| hw`
`ywU w`qB ckve ei nq Ze hwU viv AvM ne mwU aiv
ne| Avi hw` `yBwU nZ GK mv_ ei nq Ze hwU viv ewk
mwU cwiMwYZ ne| G Qvov hb AvKlY, `vwo MRvbv, gvwmK
FZz, MfeZx nIqv, eyKi b eo nIqv b _K `ya ei nIqv
BZvw` vivI eySv hve|
D`vniY:
GK ew GK Qj, GK gq Ges QvU GKwU LybQv mvb iL
gviv Mj| cyil nj gvmqvjv ne (5) viv: Qji Rb `yB,
gqi Rb (1) Ges LybQvi Rb (2)| Avi bvix nj gvmqvjv
(4) viv: Qji Rb (2), gqi Rb (1) Ges LybQvi Rb
(1)|
divqR Aavq
622
wnRovì wgivQ
Qj I gqi Rb LybQv cyil nj wZ| ZvB ZvìK cyil

gvmqvjv _K w`Z ne| Avi LybQvi Rb m bvix nj wZ|
ZvB ZvK bvix gvmqvjv _K w`Z ne| AZ:ci evwK Ask weiZ
ivLv ne hZY ch Zvi welq my bv nq hvq|
divqR Aavq
623
nvivbv ewi wgivQ
12- nvivbv ewi wgivQ

nvivbv ewK AviweZ gvdK~` Z_v hvi mecKvi Lei e
nq MQ ZvK ej| hvi Aev Rvbv hvq bv, m wK RxweZ
AvQ bv gviv MQ|
nvivbv ewi AvnKvg:
nvivbv ewi `yB Aev: RxweZ A_ev gZz| Avi cwZwU Aevi
iqQ wekl weavb| Zvi xi weavb, Abì _K Zvi wgivQ
cvIqvi weavb, Abiv Zvi _K IqvwiQ nIqvi weavb, Abiv Zvi
m IqvwiQ nevi weavb| myZivs, hw` `yBwU Aevi Kvb GKwU
AbwUi Dci cvavb bv cvq Ze GKwU mgq mxgv wbaviY Kiv
Riwi| m mgqi ga Zvjvk Kivi AeKvk cvIqv hve Ges Zvi
evcvi wbwZ nIqv hve| Avi H mgq mxgv wbaviYi evcviUv
eZve wePviK mvnei BRwZnvì Dci|
nvivbv ewi Aevmg~n:
1. nvivbv ew hw` DivwaKvix iL MQ Ggb nq, Zvnj Zvi
Acvi mgq mxgv kl nIqvi ciI hw` Zvi evcviUv
bv nq, Ze m gviv MQ ej Kzg Rvwi Kiv ne Ges Zvi
wbRm m` eb Kiv ne| Avi h ZvK DivwaKvi
evwbqQ Zvi m` _K hv Zvi Rb AvUwKq ivLv nqQ
mUvI Zvi gZzi Kzg Rvwii mgq hviv DcwZ DivwaKvi
wQj Zvì gvS eb w`Z ne| wK hviv Zvi Acvi mgq
gviv MQ Zviv eZxZ|
2. Avi hw` nvivbv ew DivwaKvi nq Ges Zvi mv_ KD bv
_vK, Ze Zvi m` Zvi Rb AvUK Ki ivLZ ne hZY
bv Zvi welqUv nq| A_ev Acvi mgq mxgv kl bv
nq| Avi hw` Zvi mv_ DivwaKvixiv _vK I eb Pvq, Ze
Kg viv Zvì m mgvav KiZ ne| Avi evwK m` Zvi
evcvUv my bv nIqv ch AvUwKq ivLZ ne| hw` RxweZ
divqR Aavq
624
nvivbv ewi wgivQ
_vK Zvnj Zvi Ask MnY Kie bZzev Zvi nK`vii wbKU
diZ è|
AZGe, nvivbv ewK RxweZ ai gvmvjvwU fvM KiZ ne|
AZ:ci ZvK gZ ai fvM KiZ ne| Gici h ew `ywU
AsKZ Kg I ewk Ask cvQ ZvK KgUv w`Z ne| Avi h
`ywU gvmvjvZ mgvb mgvb Ask cvQ ZvK Zvi m~Y Ask
w`Z ne| Avi h aygv GKwU AsKZ Ask cvQ ZvK
wKQyB Ìqv ne bv| Avi evwK Ask AvUwKq ivLZ ne
hZY ch nvivbv ewi Lei my bv nq|
divqR Aavq
625
Wye, wea I Abyicì wgivQ
13- Wye, wea I Abyic ewì wgivQ

Ggb ewì `viv Dk njv: H mKj `j hviv GK
Acii DivwaKvi Kvb GK `yNUbvq GKB m gviv MQ|
hgb: Wye, cyo, nZv, wea, Mvwo ev wegvb wKsev ij Mvwo
`yNUbv BZvw`|
Wye, wea I Abyic ewì Aevmg~n:
Wye, wea I Abyic ewì cuvPwU Aev:
1. hw` wbw` Ki Rvbv hvq h, Gì ga K ci gviv MQ
Zvnj h AvM gviv MQ Zvi DivwaKvi ne Gi wecixZ
ne bv|
2. hw` Rvbv hvq h, Zviv GKB m mevB gviv MQ Ze KD
Kviv wgivQ cve bv|
3. hw` Zvì gZzi Aev ARvbv nq, Zviv wK chvqg gviv
MQ bv GKB m gviv MQ? Zvnj KD Kviv wgivQ cve
bv|
4. hw` Rvbv hvq h, Zvì gZz chvqg nqQ| wK wbw`
Ki Zvì gvS K ci gviv MQ ARvbv nq ZvnjI KD
Kviv wgivQ cve bv|
5. hw` Rvbv hvq K ci gviv MQ wK fyj MQ ZvnjI KD
Kviv wgivQ cve bv|
cii GB PviwU gvmvjvZ KD Kviv wgivQ cve bv| G
Aevq Zvì cZKi iL hvIqv m` aygv hviv RxweZ
AvQ ZvivB cve| Avi hviv Zvì m hviv gviv MQ Zviv
cve bv|
D`vniY:
`yB fvB I gv Mvwo `yNUbvq GK mv_ gviv Mj| c_g fvB
Zvi x, gq I Qj Qo Mj| Avi wZxq fvB Qo Mj x I
divqR Aavq
626
Wye, wea I Abyicì wgivQ
Qj Ges gv Qo Mj gq, Qji gq I PvPv| gZì ay

RxweZ IqvwiQìK mw eb Ki w`Z ne|
c_g gvmvjv (8) viv: xi Rb Agvsk (1) Avi evwK Qj I
gqi gvS cyil bvixi wb wnme eb KiZ ne|
wZxq gvmvjv (8) viv: xi Rb Agvsk (1) Avi evwK Qji
Rb Avmvev wnme|
ZZxq gvmvjv (6) viv: gqi Rb AaK (2), Qji gqi
Rb lvsk (1) Avi evwK (2) PvPvi Rb Avmvev wnme|
divqR Aavq
627
nZvKvixi wgivQ
14- nZvKvixi wgivQ

nZvKvixi wgivQi weavb:
nZvKvixi `yB Aev:
1. h DivwaKvi Zvi c~emyixK GKvwK ev Abì mv_ mivmwi
kwiK nq wKsev KviY nq Kvb AwaKvi Qvov nZv Ki m
Zvi wgivQ cve bv| Avi Kvb AwaKvi Qvov nZv njv: hvZ
RvgvbZ iqQ wKmvm A_ev w`qvZ wKsev Kvddviv| hgb:
BQvKZ nZv, BQvKZ nZvi bvq nZv, fyj Ki nZv| Avi
hv fyj nZvi Kzg Avme hgb : nZvi KviY NUvbv, QvU
evPv, Nyg ew Ges cvMj ewi nZv| myZivs BQv Ki
nZvKvix wgivQ cve bv| Gi nKZg njv: m Gi viv AwMg
wgivQ cZ PqwQj| Avi h ew Kvb wRwbm Zvi mgqi
c~e cZ Pvq ZvK Zv _K ewZ Ki kvw w`Z nq| G
Qvov Aviv KviY njv: nZvi ìRv eKiY Ges ii
ndvRZ Kivi Rb; hvZ Ki jvf-jvjmv icvZi KviY
bv nq| Avi hw` nZv BQv Ki bv nq Ze ZvK wgivQ _K
ewZ Kiv ne bv|
nZv hw` wKmvm îc nq ev ` wnmve wKsev Rxeb iv
BZvw` nq Zvnj wgivQ _K ewZ ne bv|
gyiZv` I Kzovbv wki wgivQ:
1. gyi`vZ Z_v xbZvMx Kviv DivwaKvi ne bv Ges KvDK m
DivwaKviI evbve bv| hw` m gyi`vZ Aevq gviv hvq Ze Zvi
mg m` gymjgvbì evBZzj gvj Rgv ne|
2. Kzovbv wki hw` Kvb Iqvwim bv _vK Zvnj Zvi mg
m` gymjgvbì evBZzj gvj Rgv ne|
divqR Aavq
628
Agymwjgì wgivQ
15- Agymwjgì wgivQ

Kvb gymwjg ew Kvdii wgivQ cve bv| Abyic Kvb
Kvdi gymwjgi wgivQ cve bv; KviY Zvì xb wfb Ges
Kvdi cKZ c gZ Avi gZ ew Kviv wgivQ cvq bv|
- B C( S
' (
D - % : > ' @ ` K= &. % 5
$ 9 >D

. J1E9
. S
- B C(
Dmvgv Beb Rvq` [] _K ewYZ bex [] ejb: gymwjg Kvb
KvdiK DivwaKvi evbve bv Ges KvdiI Kvb gymwjgK
DivwaKvi evbve bv|1
Abvb agi gvbyli wgivQ:
1. Agymwjgiv GK Acii wgivQ cve hw` Zvì xb GKB nq|
wK wfb nj ne bv| Kvdiiv wewfb agvj^x KD Bw`, KD
Lvb Avi KD AwM c~RK BZvw`|
2. Bwìv GK Acii wgivQ cve| Abyic LvbivI GK
Acii wgivQ cve| mfve AwM c~RKivI GK Acii wgivQ
cve| Avi Abvb evwK agvj^xiv wbRì wfZi GK Acii
wgivQ cve| wK Kvb Bw` Lvbi wgivQ cve bv| evwKì
evcviUvI Abyic|
hvi evevi cwiPq bvB Zvi wgivQ:
Rbvi mvb, ^vgxi c _K wjAvb KiZ: gnwjiv mvb|
Giv I Zvì evevi gvS KD Kviv wgivQ cve bv; KviY Gì
ga kwiqZi esk mK bB| Ze Gì I gvqì Ges
gvqi AvZxqì GK Acii gvS wgivQ cve| Kbbv evevi
ci esk mK wewQb Ges gvqi ci mK mymve|
1
. eyLvix nv: bs 6764 I gymwjg nv: bs 1614
divqR Aavq
629
Agymwjgì wgivQ
D`vniY:
1. GK ew gv I Aea GKwU Qj iL gviv Mj| cwiZ
mw diR I diZ wnme ay gvi Rb| Avi Qji Rb
wKQyB _vKe bv|
2. GKRb Aeafvb RbMnYKvix mvb Zvi gv, evev I fvB iL
gviv Mj| me mw gvi Rb| Avi evev I fvBqi Rb wKQyB
bB; KviY Giv `yBRb mvaviY AvZxq gv|
divqR Aavq
630
bvixì wgivQ
16- bvixì wgivQ

Bmjvg bvixìK mvb c`vb Ki Zvì Ask wbaviY
KiQ I Zvì Aevi Rb Dchy wgivQ `vb KiQ| Avi
Zv nQ:
1. KLbv cyili mgvb Ask MnY Ki hgb: egv fvB I
evbiv GK nj mevB mgvb mgvb wgivQ cvq|
2. Avevi KLbv bvixi Ask cyili mgvb ev Zvi Pq wKQy Kg|
hgb: gv evevi m gZ ewi Qj mvbiv ev Qj I
gqiv nj gvi lvsk Ges eveviI lvsk| Avi hw` Zvì
`yRbi mv_ aygv gZi gqiv nq Ze gvi lvsk I
evevi AskI l Ges evwKjv Avmvev Z_v AwbavwiZ
Askcv bv _vKj evevi Rb|
3. Avi KLbv cyil hv cve Zvi AaK cve| Avi BnvB ewki
fvM nq _vK|
bvixiv cyilì cuvPwU wRwbm AaK:
wgivQ, mvx, AvwKKv, w`qvZ I AvRv`|
bvixi PvBZ cyilK AwaK wgivQ Ìqvi nKgZ:
Bmjvg cyili cwZ Ggb K I A_bwZK `vwqZ AcY
KiQ hv bvixi cwZ Ki bvB| hgb : weevni gvni c`vb, Nievwo wbgvY, x I mvbì LiP I mMvxq KD nZv Kij Zvi
w`qvZ c`vb| wK bvixi cwZ Kvb cKvi LiP Kiv eva bq| bv
wbRi cwZ Avi bv mvbì cwZ|
Avi Bmjvg G fveB bvixK mvb c`vb KiQ hvi dj bv
AvQ Zvi Dci KKi Kvb k KvR Avi bv AvQ LiPvwì
`vwqZ| eis mewKQyB DwVq w`qQ cyili Kuva| GiciI
w`qQ ZvK cyili AaK| bvixi m` evo Avi cyili
m` wbRi I xi Ges mvbì cwZ LiP Ki Kg| Avi BnvB
nQ `yB kYxi gvS Bbmvd I bvqcivqYZv|
divqR Aavq
631
bvixì wgivQ
iY ivLyb! cwZcvjK gnvb Avjvn Kvb ev`vi cwZ Ryjyg

Kib bv| Avjvn gnvbx I we|
1. Avjvni evYx:
:./
z m ON
cyiliv bvixì Dci KZZkxj| G Rb h, Avjvn GKi Dci

Abi ewk `vb KiQb Ges G Rb h, Zviv Zvì A_ eq
Ki ---| [m~iv wbmv: 34]
u t s r qp o n m l k {
:;</ z | { z y xwv
wbq Avjvn wb`k Kib Bbmvd, Gnmvb I wbKU AvZxq^RbìK Ìqvi Rb| Avi wbla Kib Akxj I bvsiv KvR
Ges mxgv jNY Kiv _K| ZvgvìK Dc`k w`qQb hvZ
Ki Zvgiv iY KiZ cvi| [m~iv bvn&j: 90]
632
mg ce
Kmvm I `wewa
1-Kmvm Aavq
GZ iqQ:
1. Acivamg~n:
1. cvYbvki Aciva|
2. nZvi cKvi:
(K) BQvKZ nZv|
(L) BQvKZ nZvi Abyic|
(M) fyjekZ: nZv|
2. cvYbvki Pq QvU Aciva:

(K) A-cZi Dci Abvq|
(L) RLg Ki Abvq|
3. w`qvZ:
1. cvYi icY|
2. A-cZi icY|
633
:

dcba `_~}|{zyI
q p o n m l k j i h g f e
~ }|{z y x wvuts r

[

: ] H
Avjvni evYx:
n Cgvb`viMY! Zvgvì cwZ wbnZì evcvi Kmvm MnY

Kiv wewae Kiv nqQ| ^vaxb ew ^vaxb ewi e`jvq, `vm
`vmi e`jvq Ges bvix bvixi e`jvq| AZ:ci Zvi fvBqi
Zid _K hw` KvDK wKQyUv gvd Ki `qv nq, Ze cPwjZ
wbqgi AbymiY Kie Ges fvjfve ZvK Zv c`vb KiZ
ne| GUv Zvgvì cvjbKZvi Zid _K mnR Ges wekl
AbyMn| GiciI h ew evovevwo Ki, Zvi Rb iqQ
e`bv`vqK AvRve| n eywgvb! Kmvmi ga Zvgvì Rb
Rxeb iqQ, hvZ Zvgiv mveavb nZ cvi|
Kmvm Aavq
634
Acivamg~n
Kmvm Aavq
1- Acivamg~n
1- cvYbvki Aciva
AvR-wRbvqvnAciva: Bnv Kvb ewi Dci Ggb kvwiixK

AvgY KivK ejv nq hvi KviY wKmvm, A_-m`
(icY) A_ev Kvddviv diR nq hvq|
Kmvm bxwZ ceZbi wnKgZ:
Avjvn Zvqvjv ^xq n Av`g (Av:)K mw KiQb, Zvi
gvS in duyK w`qQb Ges mKj mwi gvS mvwbZ KiQb,
ZuvK cw_exi eyK GK gnvb KvRi cwZwbwa KiQbm KvR
njv ^xq cwZcvjK GK I AwZxq Avjvn Zvqvjvi Gev`Z Kiv|
Avjvn Zvqvjv mgM gvbe RvwZK Av`g (Av:)-Gi eskv~Z
KiQb, Zvì cwZ bex-im~j ciY KiQb| hvZ Ki gvbe
RvwZ Avjvn Zvqvjvi Gev`Z Ki| h Cgvb Gb Avjvn
ZvAvjvi wb`k gb Pj Avjvn ZvK RvbvZi cwZkwZ
w`qQb Ges h Cgvb bv Gb Kzdywi Ki, wbwl KvR wj nq
Avjvn ZvK Rvnvbvgi kvwi aygwK w`qQb|
gvbyli gvS KD Zvi AvwK`v-wekvm `yej nIqvi KviY
Cgvbi WvK mvov w`Z cvi bv| Avevi KD vb-eywZ `yej
nIqvi KviY wePviKi ivq AgbhvMx nq, dj Aciva wj
nIqvi welqUv Zvi KvQ mej nq co| GgbwK Acii Rvbgvj
I mvbi Dci AvgY Ki em| gvbyl hvZ G mg Aciva
wj bv nq, m RbB kvwi weavb Kiv nqQ| KviY, wKQy gvbyl
iqQ (kwiqZi) Avjvni mxgv-iLv gb Pjvi Rb ay Av`k
I wblaB Zvì h_ nq bv eis KVvi kvwi eevi cqvRb
nq| Avi hw` G kvwi eev bv _vKZ Zvnj AbKB Aciva I
kwiqZ MwnZ KvR wj nq hZ Ges Bmjvgi wewa-wbla
D`vmxb nq coZ|
Kmvm Aavq
635
Acivamg~n
Bmjvgi G `-wewa evevqb iqQ RxeY I gvbe ^v_i

msiY Ges wev AvZv I wbzi-wb`q `qi cwZ kvmb|
Kmvmi weavb evevqb iqQ AcnZv iva, kZvi Acbv`b,
mgvR msiY, RvZxq ^wi Rxeb, icvZi Aemvb, wbnZì
cwievii AvZ-mshgZv `vb, bvq-wbv I wbivcv evevqb Ges
eei wbziì wbicivax gvbylK nZv, bvixì ^vgx nviv I
wkì GwZg Kiv nZ RvwZ I mgvRK msiY|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
z {
:
n vbevb jvKiv! cwZkva MnY (Kmvm) Zvgvì Rb

iqQ (kvwgq) Rxeb hvZ Zvgiv agfxi nI|
[m~iv evKviv:179]
cuvPwU Riwi wRwbmi msiY:
Bmjvg Ggb cuvPwU Riwi wRwbm msiY iZ Avivc
KiQ hjv c~ei mKj Avmgvbx weavb msiwZ wQj| mjv
njv:
xb ev agi msiY|
cvYi msiY|
AvKj ev my weeK eywi msiY|
mgvb-ghv`vi msiY|
ab-mì msiY|
Gme msiYi KviYB m jvi Dci AvNvZ-AvgYK
kvwhvM Aciva wnmve MY Kiv nqQ| D cqvRbxq
welqjv msiYi gvagB mgvR cwZwU ewi ckvw Ges
myks Lj mgvR Kvqg me|
nK-AwaKvimg~ni cKvi:
AwaKvimg~n `yB cKvi:
1. ev`v I iei gvS nK ev AwaKvi: Gme AwaKvii ga Cgvb
Kmvm Aavq
636
Acivamg~n
I ZvInx` ev GKZev` Gi ciB iZcY~ nK njv mvjvZ|

2. ev`v I Abvb mw Rxei gvS nK ev AwaKvi: Gme
AwaKvii ga mePq iZcY~ nj ii nK ev AwaKvi|
wKqvgZ wèm ev`vi mec_ g wnmve bIqv ne bvgvRi| Avi
gvbyli nKi gva mec_ g h welqi dqmvjv Kiv ne Zv njv
ii AwaKvi welq dqmvjv|
:
! " #
$%
&' ( )! :

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6 ' (4 7 " / 01 2 3
245
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1. Avbvm (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb: bex (`:) Kwiev bvn
mK wRvwmZ nj ejb:eo Kweiv bvn njv: Avjvni mv_
Askx vcb Kiv, wcZv-gvZvi Aeva nIqv, Kvb ewK nZv
Kiv, I wg_v K_v ejv ev wg_v mv `qv|1
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?67@
9 : ! " #

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:D
C E F1G .+ H 4 2! I" H H J 1 < K
0 B
@ L
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. R
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6 '+
6 '" /'8 P
I#Q
2. Avyjvn Beb gvmD` (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn

(`:) ejb: h gymwjg ew mv `q h Avjvn Zvqvjv eZxZ
mwZKvi Kvb gvey` bq Ges Avwg Avjvni im~j| wZbwU KviY
eZxZ Zvi i ev Rvb nc nvjvj ne bv| (1) (weevwnZ)
e RbvKvix, (2) nZvi wewbgq nZv Ges (3) gyiZv`
gymwjgì RvgvvZ ZvMKvix|2

Kmvm Aavq
637
Acivamg~n
gvbyli gvS mgvbvwaKvi:

gymwjg mgvR ii cZK ew mgchvqi| AZGe,
wKmvm, icY, esk, eY I kYx f` Kvb cv_K bB, mKjB
mggyji| Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
s r q pon m l k j i h g f e{
: z { z y x w vut
n gvbe mKj! Avwg ZvgvìK mw KiwQ GK cyil I GK

bvix nZ Ges ZvgvìK wewfb RvwZ I Mv wef KiwQ,
hvZ Zvgiv cii cwiwPZ nI| wbqB Avjvni KvQ mB
mevwaK mv h mevwaK cinhMvi| wbqB Avjvn me,
mewKQyi Lei ivLb| [m~iv RivZ: 13]
Kmvmi weavb:
Kmvm njv: Acivwai mv_ hic m KiQ e ZvB Kiv|
Avjvn Zvqvjv G DZi Rb wZbwU i ea KiQb: Kmvm--A_ev w`qvZ (icY) MnY--- A_ev gvdKiY|
Avi Dg njv hvi viv KjvY evevwqZ ne Ges wechq `~i
ne ZvB Kiv| hw` Kmvm bqv KjvYKi nq Zvnj KmvmB
Dg| Avi hw` w`qvZ MnY KjvYKi nq Zvnj w`qvZ bqv Dg
ne| Avi hw` gvd KivB KjvYKi nq Zvnj gvd Kie|
ZvB cwZwU Aevq mvaviY I wekl KjvY evevqb I Awb
`~i Kivi wfwZ weavb mve ne| Avi me Avq gvd KivB
Dg bq| eis hv viv KjvY mvwaZ ne ZvB Dg ej weewPZ
ne| Avi Avgiv Zv Avjvni PvBZ ewk gvd Kivi nK`vi bq|
ZvB Zv wZwb Awb `~i Kivi Rb Kmvm I `wewa IqvwRe
KiQb|
1. Avjvni evYx:
.[/ ]H I
Kmvm Aavq
638
Acivamg~n
Zviv wK RvnwjqZ Avgji dqmvjv Kvgbv Ki? Avjvn Acv

wekevmxi Rb Dg dqmvjvKvix K? [m~iv gvq`v:50]
2. Avjvni evYx:
~I

H
.[/]
Avwg G M Zvì cwZ wjL w`qwQ h, cvYi wewbgq cvY,

Pzi wewbgq Pz, bvKi wewbgq bvK, Kvbi wewbgq Kvb,
ùvZi wewbgq ùvZ Ges RLgmg~ni wewbgq mgvb RLg|
AZ:ci h gv Ki, m Mvbvn& _K cvK nq hvq| hme jvK
Avjvn hv AeZxY KiQb, Z`byhvqx dqmvjv Ki bv, ZvivB
Rvjg| [m~iv gvq`v:45]
3. Avjvni evYx:
~ } |I
.[/ ]H
Avi gì cwZdj Zv Abyic g`B| h gv Ki I Avcvm

Ki Zvi cyivi Avjvni KvQ iqQ; wbq wZwb AZvPvixìK
cQ` Kib bv| [ m~iv k~iv:40]
639
Kmvm Aavq
nZvi cKvi
2-nZvi cKvi
nZvi cKvi:
nZv wZb cKvi:
1. BQvKZ nZv|
2. BQvKZfve nZvi Abyic|
3. fyjekZ: nZv|
(K)- BQvKZ nZv
BQvKZ nZv:
Bnv njv nZvKvixi ^vb Rb eyS Kvb wb`vl gvbylK
Ggb A w`q nZv Kiv hvi AvNvZ mvaviYZ gZz nq|
BQvKZ nZvi weavb:
BQvKZ nZv Kiv Avjvni mv_ wkiK Kivi ci mePq eo
Kweiv Mvbvn&| gywgb ew xbi ckvi gvSB _vK hZY m
Kvb nvivg icvZ bv NU| Avi nZv gnvcvc hvi kvw `ywbqv I
AvLviZ AvekKxq|
lkjihgfedcI
.[/]
Hsrqponm
h ew ^Qvg gymjgvbK nZv Ki, Zvi kvw Rvnvbvg,

ZvZB m wPiKvj _vKe| Avjvn Zvi cwZ z nqQb, ZvK
AwfmvZ KiQb Ges Zvi Rb fxlY kvw cZ iLQb|
[m~iv wbmv: 93]
BQvKZ nZvi cwZmg~n:
BQvKZ nZvi AbKjv cwZ iqQ hgb:
1. Ggb A w`q AvNvZ nvbv hv kixi we nq Ges GZ
gZyeiY Ki hgb : Qywi, ekv I ezK BZvw`|
Kmvm Aavq
640
nZvi cKvi
2. Kvb fvwi e viv hgb : eo cv_i, gvUv jvwV viv cnvi Kiv
A_ev MvoxZ Pvcv Ìqv A_ev Dci Kvb `qvj f dj
Pvcv w`q gviv|
3. Ggb wKQyZ dj Ìqv hv nZ gyw cvIqv Ame hgb :
Mfxi cvwbZ dj Ìqv hvZ Wye hvq| A_ev KwVb Avb
dj `qv hvZ cyo hvq| A_ev Ggb KvivMvi Ave Ki ivLv
hLvb cvbvnvii eev bq dj D KviYB gZzeiY Kiv|
4. iwk ev Ab wKQy w`q duvm `qv A_ev gyL e Ki ivLv dj
gZyeiY Kiv|
5. Ggb Kvb MZ dj ivLv hLvb evN wKsev wmsn A_ev welv
mvc A_ev KzKzii AvgYi dj gZyeiY Kiv|
6. Kvb ewK bv Rvwbq welcvb Kivbv hvi dj gZyeiY
Kiv|
7. Rv`y-Uvbv I evb BZvwì gvag nZv Kiv|
8. Kvb ewi wei nZvhvM welq `yRb mvx `vo Kiv Ges
ZvK nZv Kiv| AZ:ci Zvì `yRbi ejv h, Avgiv ZvK
nZvi BQv KiwQjvg| A_ev wg_v mv w`q Kmvm wnmve
ZvK nZv Kiv BZvw`|
BQvKZ nZvi Rb hv diR:
KZj Avgv` ev BQvKZ nZvi KviY Kmvm diR nq
hvq| A_vr nZvKvixK nZv Kiv diR nq co| GgZvevq
wbnZi AwffveK (nZvKvixK) nZv KiZ cvi A_ev w`qvZicY wbZ cvi A_ev gvI KiZ cvi, Ze gv KivB
Dg|
:
z {
Avi hw` Zvgiv gv Ki, Ze Zv ne ZvK&Iqvi wbKUeZx|

[m~iv evKviv: 237]
641
Kmvm Aavq
nZvi cKvi
2. nv`xm im~j (`:):

9#V
+ 2 < W (X #7 ( 7 4 @ " ......: 2! J : 0 U +
.#
?67@
...... ( 75 0 J '@H" F16 0 J '@H 0 Y '
Avey ivBiv (iv:) nZ ewYZ, im~jyjvn (`:) ejb:---- wbnZ

ewi AwffveK `ywU welqi h Kvb GKwU MnY KiZ cvi|
icY MnY Kie A_ev Kmvm wnmve nZv Kie---|1
3. nv`xm im~j (`:):
Z
9[5 9@ : ! " #
$%
2!
: 0 U +

9AW H 1_ G `
2a @" /\8
H 2 6 A + ]1
; ^ @" / @ @ RX 1 %

.
Avey ivBiv (iv:) nZ ewYZ, im~jyjvn (`:) ejb:`vb-m`Kv
KivZ gvji Kvb KgwZ nq bv Ges gvi KviY Avjvn Zvqvjv
ev`vK Aviv mvwbZ Kib| Avi h ew Avjvni Dk
webqx nq, Avjvn ZvK Aviv DuPvmb cuQ `b|2
cvY nZvi Kmvmi kZvejx:
. B@ bc
cvY nZvi Kmvm wbgi kZvejx chvR:
1. wbnZ ew wb`vl nIqv| myZivs hw` Kvb gymwjg ew hyi

gq`vb Kvb KvdiK A_ev gyiZv`K A_ev weevwnZ ewfPvixK
nZv Ki GZ Kvb Kmvm I w`qvZ-icY wKQyB diR ne bv|
Ze kvmKi AbygwZ QvovB G nZvKvh NUvbvi Rb ZvK mvgvb
Dchy kvw `qv ne|
2. nZvKvixK cveq, weeKevb I ^Qvq nZv KiQ Ggb
nZ ne| myZivs Acv eq, cvMj I fyjekZ: nZvKvixi Dci
1
2

Kmvm Aavq
642
nZvi cKvi
Kmvm IqvwRe ne bv, Zvi icY diR ne|

3. wbnZ ew hb nZvKvixi mggyji nq A_vr GKB agi nq|
myZivs, wbnZ Kvdii Rb gymwjg ewK nZv Kiv hve bv|
wK wbnZ gymwjg ewi Rb KvdiK nZv Kiv hve| bvixi
Rb cyil I cyili Rb bvixK nZv Kiv hve|
Dci DjwLZ kZmg~ni Kvb GKwU hw` bv _vK Zvnj
Kmvm chvR ne bv eis k w`qvZ-i g~j Acwinvh nq
hve|
1. Avjvni evYx:
f e d c b a`_ ~ } | { z yI
v u tsr q p o n m l k j i hg
.[/]
H ~ } | { zyx w
n Cgvb`viMY! Zvgvì cwZ wbnZì evcvi Kmvm MnY

Kiv wewawe Kiv nqQ| ^vaxb ew ^vaxb ewi e`jvq, `vm
`vmi e`jvq Ges bvix bvixi e`jvq| AZ:ci Zvi fvBqi Zid
_K hw` KvDK wKQyUv gvd Ki `qv nq, Ze cPwjZ wbqgi
AbymiY Kie Ges fvjfve ZvK Zv c`vb KiZ ne| GUv
Zvgvì cvjbKZvi Zid _K mnR Ges wekl AbyMn|
GiciI h ew evovevwo Ki, Zvi Rb iqQ e`bv`vqK
AvRve| [m~iv evKviv:178]
H : hf
_ 7g g4 1
( U :e A Z
4 :
d R 6 # O
b +

:Z
9 4 : /R 6 #O'[ j k U W @ " /_ B
@ (X b #i
4 _ < W " / f
7g
. W 9+ _ 9B@ (4 75 0 " /l
! m , W " (4 5 A hR 6 #O'[ j k U W SW
.#
?67@
2. Avey RynvBdv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avwg Avjx []K

ejjvg: Avcbvì (Avnj evqZi) wbKU Kvb wKZve AvQ?
Kmvm Aavq
643
nZvi cKvi
wZwb (Avjx) ejjb: Avjvni wKZve Qvov Avi wKQy bv A_ev

GKRb gymwjg ewi eyS wKsev G mwndvZ hv AvQ| Avey
RynvBdv ejb, Avwg ejjvg: G mwndvZ wK AvQ? wZwb (Avjx)
ejjb: w`qvZ I hy e`xì gyKiY Ges Kvb gymwjgK
Kvdii e`jvq nZv Kiv hve bv|1
Kmvm mb Kivi kZvejx:
1. wbnZi AwffveKK vb mb, cveq Ges DcwZ nZ
ne| hw` AwffveK Acveq ev cvMj wKsev AbycwZ nq
Zvnj cveq ev my vbevb A_ev DcwZ bv nIqv ch
nZvKvixK AvUK Ki ivLZ ne| AZ:ci AwffveK BQv
Kij Kmvm wbe ev icY wbe A_ev gv Ki wè Avi gv
Ki `qvUvB Dg|
2. wbnZi mKj AwffveKì Kmvm mb Kivi GKgZ
nZ ne| hw` KD GKgZ bv nq A_ev KD gv Ki `q
Zvnj Kmvm iwnZ nq icY Acwinvh nq hve|
3. Kmvm mb Kivi mgq nZvKvix eZxZ Abiv hb wbivc`
nq| myZivs, Kvb MfeZx gwnjvi Dci hw` Kmvm diR nq
Zvnj mvb cme nIqv ch Kmvm mb Kiv hve bv| cmei
ci mvbK `yacvb Kivbvi gZ KvDK cvIqv bv Mj evPvi
`yacvb mb Kiv ch AeKvk w`Z ne|
Dchy kZmg~n cvIqv Mj Kmvm mb Kiv RvqR| Avi
hw` mekZ cvIqv bv hvq Zvnj Kmvm evevqb Kiv hve
bv|
hw` QvU evPv ev cvMj nZv Ki Zvi weavb:
nZvKvix QvU evPv I cvMj nj Zvì evcvi Kmvm
chvR ne bv| Ze Zvì gvj nZ Kvddviv w`Z ne Ges
AwffveKK icY w`Z ne| hw` Kvb ew QvU evPv ev
1
. eyLvix nv: bs 111 k ZviB I gymwig nv: bs 1370
Kmvm Aavq
644
nZvi cKvi
cvMjK Ab Kvb ewK nZv Kivi Av`k `q Ges Zviv nZv

Ki, GZ ay Av`k `vZvi Dci Kmvm diR ne; Kbbv QvU
evPv I cvMj GLvb ay KviY wnmve weewPZ ne|
nZvq kwiK nj Zvi weavb:
hw` Kvb ew KvDK ai ivL Avi ZZxq GKRb Gm H
aiv ewK ^Qvq nZv Ki Zvnj Kmvm wnmve nZvKvixK
nZv Kiv ne| Avi h ew ai iL wQj hw` Rvbv hvq h
ZviI Dk wQj nZv Kiv Zvnj ZvKI Kmvm wnmve nZv
KiZ ne| Avi hw` Zvi Dk Rvbv bv hvq Zvnj wePviK
hgb gb Kib ZvK KvivMvi e`x iL kvw wèb|
hvK nZv KiZ eva Ki Zvi weavb:
hw` Kvb ew wb`vl ewK nZv Kivi Rb KvDK eva
Ki Ges m nZv Ki Zvnj Kmvm wnmve `yRbKB nZv Kiv
ne|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb :
z {
:
n vbevb jvKiv! Kmvmi gvag cwZkva MnY Zvgvì

Rb iqQ kvwgq Rxeb, hvZ Zvgiv agfxi nI|
[m~iv evKviv:179]
Rvwnjx hyMi weavb:
AbK Agymwjg `k nZvKvixi cwZ `qv Ki Zvi kvw
Ìqv nq RjnvRZ| wK GZ wbnZ ewi cwZ `qv Kiv nq
bv| wbnZi cwievi, Qj- gq hviv Zvì AwffveKK
nvwiqQ Zvì cwZ `qv Kiv nq bv| gvbe mgvRi cwZ `qv Kiv
nq bv hviv H me Acivax mvmxì fq Rvbgvj I mvbi SzwK
wbq fxZ-m nq Rxeb-hvcb KiQ| Avi Kmvm bxwZ eRb
645
Kmvm Aavq
nZvi cKvi
Ki Rje`x kvwi KviY evoQ Aviv Abvq, nZv I bvbvb

aiYi Aciva|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
:
z {
Zviv wK Rvwnjx dqmvjv Kvgbv Ki? wekvmxì Rb Avjvn

Acv Dg dqmvjvKvix Avi K? [m~iv gvq`v: 50]
Kmvm mveKiY:
Kmvm mve nq wbgic:
1. nZvKvixi nZvi ^xKvivwi gvag|
2. nZvi evcvi `yRb bvqcivqY mvxi mvi gvag A_ev
Kmg LvIqvi gvag hvi eYbv mvgb Avme|
Kmvm evevqb:
hLb Kmvm cgvwYZ ne Ges wbnZ ewi AwffveK kvmK
ev `vwqZkxji wbKU Kmvm evevqbi Ave`b Kie ZLb
kvmKi cwZ Kmvm evevqb Kiv diR nq coe| kvmK A_ev
Zvi `vwqZkxji DcwwZ Qvov Kmvm mb nZ cvi bv|
Abyic avivjv Zievwi ev H RvZxq A w`q nZvKvixi M`vb wQb
Ki `qvi gvag Kmvm mb nZ ne| hgb: KvDK hw`
`ywU cv_ii gvS gv_v iL AvNvZ Ki nZv Kiv nq Zvnj Gi
Kmvm nZvKvixKI Abyic fve cv_ii AvNvZ nZv KiZ
ne|
: 2!
S< 7Y 6 G J 7 E :
d n
" + ; '1-

7O
+s sH" /R 7 5 2B
t G mW 7 7 s.W /rq - p(g4 $
J BG . P
7g d
o JH
. B@ bc
. 7O
#+s v
# W a 6 - g4 1 G '1O
#" /u
+k 2B
t G mW
1. kvv` Beb AvIm [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avwg im~jyjvn

[] _K `yBwU wRwbm gyL KiwQ| wZwb [] ejQb:wbq
Avjvn cwZwU wRwbmi cwZ Gnmvb Kiv diR Ki w`qQb|
646
Kmvm Aavq
nZvi cKvi
AZGe, hLb Zvgiv nZv Kiv ZLb fvj Ki nZv Ki Ges hLb
RevB Ki ZLb fvj Ki RevB Ki| Avi cK Avivg `qvi Rb
Zvgiv QywiK avi Ki wbI|1
( A W @ :( # / 0 T
G # + RC 0 b n
'w \0; 2<0 J /
d

&z; 29<# k c m4W /<! + {
m@ " mW /&z; 2<# IS! $'7G ! JX W4 JX W4 hx
+ k U
.#
?67@
. 0 T
G # + ! 'w W &' + @ mW /|
7
W
2. Avbvm [] _K ewYZ| GKRb Bw` GKwU QvU gqi gv_v

`ywU cv_ii ga iL P~Y Ki dj| gqwUK ejv njv: K
Zvgvi mvL Gic AvPiY KiQ? AgyK! AgyK! GgbwK hLb m
Bwì bvg bIq njv ZLb gqwU Zvi gv_v bo Bkviv Kji|
Dw`K ai wbq Avmv njv| AZ:ci m ^xKvi Kij bex []Gi wb`k `ywU cv_ii gva iL Zvi gv_v P~Y Kiv njv|2
Kmvmi mgq Acivwai mv_ hv KiZ ne:
Kmvm diR nj Acivwai cvY ev cvYi Pq QvU Kmvm
evevqb KiZ ne| Avi K Abyfe bv Kivi Rb Kmvmi
mgq AcivwaK Aek Kiv Pie bv; KviY ZvK hw` Aek Kiv nq
Zvnj Bbmvdi mv_ Kmvm ne bv| Kbbv m nZv ev KvUv
wKsev RLg KiQ Aek bv Kiv Aevq| ZvB Aek QvovB Zvi
Kmvm wbZ ne| Abyic kwiqZi cwZwU `wewaZ
AcivwaìK Aek Kiv Pje bv; hvZ Ki fq I K Abyfe
Ki Abvq _K `~i _vK|
wbnZi AwffveK:
wbnZi AwffveK Kmvm wbe A_ev gv Ki wè:
wbnZi AwffveKiv QvU-eo, bvix-cyil, mKjB hw` Kmvm
`vex Ki Zvnj Kmvm diR nq hve| Avi hw` Zviv mKj
1

Kmvm Aavq
647
nZvi cKvi
gv Ki `q Zvnj Kmvm iwnZ nq hve| wK KD hw` gv

Ki Avi AwaKvsk gv bv Ki ZeyI Kmvm iwnZ nq hve| hw`
Kmvm evwZj Kiv wbq loh i nq Zvnj Kej gv
imKxq cyilì gvB gv ej MY ne, Abì gv gv
ej MY ne bv|
^Qvq nZvi w`qvZ-icY:
hw` AwffveKiv icY Av`vq mvc Kmvm gv Ki Zvnj
nZvKvixi m` nZ GKkZ DU icY `qv diR| bex (`:)
ejb:
"}r9- J H" 2947 "}r- J .W 275 S rt #" $H ` W ; ]1ISA 7@ ]@ ~ @ ( 7 @
2O9% @" /R 6 c J 2A+ " /R
k b J 24EE" /R 5G J 24EE U " /R 0I1 "4kc
.b@ +" zk@7 bc.
( 5 A 1 01K
7 x
s " / < 2 < W #
h ew ^Qvq Kvb gywgb ewK nZv Kie, Zvi welqUv

wbnZ ewi AwffveKì cwZ Qo Ìqv ne| Zviv PvBj
nZvi wewbgq nZv Kie A_ev icY wbe| w`qvZ-icY njv:
30wU Pvi eQi eqm coQ Ggb DU Ges 30wU cuvP eQi coQ
Ggb eqmi DU I 40wU Mvwfb DU megvU 100wU DU| Avi hw`
Avcvm Kvb wmv bq mUv Zvì welq| Avi Bnv w`qvZK
k Kivi RbB|1
.nv`xmwU nvmvb, wZiwghx nvt bs 1387 k ZviB, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 2626
Kmvm Aavq
648
nZvi cKvi
wbnZi AwffveKiv BQvKZ nZvi h w`qvZ ev icY

wbq _vK Bnv g~jZ: nZvi (Kvddviv wnmve) w`qvZ ev
icY bq, eis Bnv nj Kmvmi e`jv îc| ZvB G
wbnZi AwffveKì AwaKvi iqQ nZvKvixi mv_ Pzw
Ki Gi PqI ewk ev Kg cwigvY bqvi A_ev gv Kivi|
Aek gv KivB Dg|
eZgvb m`x Avie h weavb KvhKi iqQ Zvnj BQvKZ
nZvq gymwjg cyil ewi icY njv GK j `k nvRvi
m`x wiqvj| Avi gwnjvi Rb AaK| Aek wbnZi
AwffveKì AwaKvi iqQ Gi Pq Kg ewk Zje Kiv ev
gv Kivi|
^Qvq nZvi wKQy weavb:
1. GK ewi nZvq GK`j AskMnY Kij mKjKB Kmvm
wnmve nZv Kiv ne| wK icYi mKj wgj GKRbi
icY w`jB h_ ne| hw` Kvb ew Acv eqK A_ev
cveq wK nZv Kiv nvivg Bnv Rvb bv Ggb ewK Ab
KvDK nZv Kivi Rb wb`k `q| AZ:ci Zvi wb`k m
(Acveq ev nZv nvivg G weavb ARvbv cveq) hw` nZv
Ki em, Zvnj GgZvevq Kmvm ev icY nZvi wb`k
`vbKvixi Dci eZve| Avi hw` wb`kcv ew cveq nq
Ges nZvi Kzg mK AeMZ nq Zvnj Kmvm ev icY
nZvKvixi DciB eZve wb`kKvixi Dci bq|
2. Kvb nZvq hw` Ggb `yRb AskMnY Ki hvì GKRb Kij
Kmvm diR nq bv| hgb: nZvKvix wcZv I Aci GKRb A_ev
nZvKvix GKRb gymwjg I AciRb Kvdi| GgZvevq wcZvi
kwiK I gymwjgi kwiK Kvdii Dci ay Kmvm diR ne|
Avi wcZv I gymwjgK mvaviY kvw c`vb Kiv ne| Avi hw`
Kmvm Gi e`j w`qvZ-icY wbZ PvB Zvnj wcZvi kwiKi
Dci AaK Ges gymwjg kwiKi Dci AaK cwigvY eZve|
Kmvm Aavq
649
nZvi cKvi
3. BQvKZ nZvi nZvKvix hw` wbnZ ewi IqvwiQ nq

Zvnj Zvi wgivQ evwZj nq hve|
Kmg LvIqvi cwZ: wb`vl ewK nZvi evievi Kmg
Kivbv|
Kmg Kivbvi weavb:
wbnZ ewi nZvKvixK hw` Rvbv bv hvq Ges Kvb `wjjcgvY QvovB Kvb ewK nZvi Acev` `qv nq, Avi ev`xi
`vwei mZZvi AvjvgZ cvIqv hvq, Zvnj GgZvevq Kmgi
gvag wmv cuQvi wbqg Bmjvg iqQ|
Kmg LvIqvbvi kZmg~n:
kZvi Ri _vKv A_ev Awfhy ew nZvi KvR cwm
A_ev my KviY _vKv| hgb : nZv NwUq `~i Pj hvIqv I
wbnZ ewi evcvi KUyw Kiv| Avi wbnZi AwffveKì
nZvi AwfhvM GKgZ nIqv|
Kmg LvIqvbvi cwZ:
Kmg LvIqvi kZ c~Y nj ev`xi Kmg viv i Kiv ne|
cvkRb ew GKwZ nq mKj GKevi Ki gvU cvkevi
Kmg Kie| Kmg eje: AgyK ew ZvK nZv KiQ| Gi
viv Kmvm mve ne| Avi hw` ev`x c Kmg bv Lvq A_ev
Zvì msLv c~Y bv nq Zvnj Zvì mwZZ weev`x cvkevi
Kmg Lve| Gfve m Kmg Lj gyw cq hve| Avi hw` ev`x
c Kmg bv Lvq Ges weev`xi KmgI ivwR bv nq Zvnj ckvmK
evqZzj gvj nZ icY c`vb Kieb, hvZ Ki wb`vl ewi
i e_v bv hvq|
^Qvq AvZnZvi weavb:
h Kvb cvq AvZnZv nvivg| Avi h ew mQvq
AvZnZv Ki Zvi kvw njv wPivqx Rvnvbvg _vKe|
Kmvm Aavq
650
nZvi cKvi
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nZ Mo co AvZnZv Ki m Rvnvbvg Hic co hvIqvi
kvw wPivqxfve fvM KiZ _vKe| Avi h welcvb AvZnZv
Ki m Rvnvbvg Hic welcvbi K wPivqxfve fvM KiZ
_vKe| Avi h Ai AvNvZ AvZnZv Ki m Rvnvbvg Hic
A w`q cU AvNvZ KiZ _vKe Ges wPivqx kvw fvM
Kie|1
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2. Avey evKiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avwg im~jyjvn []K

ejZ bwQ:hLb `yBRb gymwjg ew Zvì Zievwi wbq hy
Kie ZLb nZvKvix I wbnZ Dfq Rvnvbvgx ne| Avwg ejjvg,
n Avjvni im~j! nZvKvix Rvnvbvgx ne fvj K_v wK wbnZ
ewi evcviUv wK? wZwb [] ejjb:mI Zvi fvBK nZvi
evcvi AvMnx wQj|2

. eyLvix nv: bs 6365k ZviB I gymwjg nv: bs 10
Kmvm Aavq
651
nZvi cKvi
^Qvq nZvKvixi ZIev cm:

^Qvq nZvKvix ZIev Kij Avjvn Zvi ZvIev Keyj Kib|
wK G ZIevq Kmvmi kvw nZ invB cve bv; Kbbv Kmvm
nj nzjBev`| myZivs, ^Qvq nZvi mv_ wZbwU nK RwoZ:
(GK) Avjvni nK| (`yB) wbnZ ewi nK| (wZb) AwfefveKì
nK|
hLb Kvb ^Qvq nZvKvix Avjvni fq ZIev Ki, AbyZ
nq wePviKi wbKU AvZmgcY Ki, ZLb ZIevi gvag Avjvni
nK Av`vq nq hvq| Abyic Kmvm ev icY ev gvi gvag
AwffvKì nKI Av`vq nq hvq| wK evwK _vK wbnZ ewi
nK| Avi ZIevi Keyji kZ njv: ev`vi nK wdwiq `qv hv
GLvb Ame| GgZvevq m Avjvni BQvaxb _vKe, Avjvni
`qv cwZwU wRwbmK ecZ Ki iLQ|
Kmvm Aavq
652
nZvi cKvi
(L)- BQvKZ nZvi Abyic
BQvKZ nZvi Abyic nZv:

Bnv Ggb AvgY hv viv mvaviYZ Kvb wb`vl gvbyli nZv
ev eo aiYi AvnZ Kiv nq bv| wK Zv vivB gZy NU hvq|
hgb: Kvb QvU jvwV ev eZ w`q KvDK mvaviYfve cnvi Kiv
A_ev nvZ w`q Nywl gviv BZvw`| GLvb cnvi Kiv Dk njI
nZv Kiv KLbI Dk wQj bv, ZvB BnvK BQvKZ nZvi
Abyic nZv ejv nq| GZ Kvb Kmvm bB| Ze w`qvZ w`Z
ne|
BQvKZ nZvi Abyic nZvi weavb:
Bnv nvivg; Kbbv, Bnv GK wb`vl ewi Dci AvgY|
^Qvq nZvi Abyic nZvq wK diR ne:
Gic nZv Ges fyjekZ: nZvq icY I Kvddviv DfqUv
diR ne| cvi BQvKZ kZvg~jK nZvq Kvb Kvddviv
bB; KviY m nZvq GZ eo RNb Aciva hvi bvn wgU hvq
bv|
BQvKZ nZvi Abyic nZvq hv diR nq:
Gic nZvq w`qZ gyMvjvhv Z_v KwVb icY I Kvddviv
diR nq| Avi Zv wbgic:
1. KwVb icY: Bnv nj GKkZ DU, Za PwjkwU DU Ggb ne
hvì cU evPv iqQ| bex (`:) ejb:
< @ ( +. @ RX @ [A "
2 'B+ J g @ 1 S A - .i V
R 0; JH .....
.b@ +" ;"; 2+ bc .
U; " <24i+ W J 2A+

-----AwbQvKZ nZvi w`qvZ BQvKZ nZvi Abyic, hv
mvaviYZ eZ I jvwV w`q NU _vK| Gi icY njv GKkZ
DU, Za PwjkwU DU Ggb ne hvì cU evPv iqQ|1
1
.nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 4547 k ZviB, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 2628
Kmvm Aavq
653
nZvi cKvi
G icY ev Zvi gyji `vwqZ enb Kie nZvKvixi i

mKxq cyil ewMY| Avi G icY wZb ermi mgq ai
cwikva Kie|
2. Kvd&dviv:
Bnv njv GKwU gywgb `vm AvRv` Kiv, hv nZvKvix wbR^
m` nZ w`Z ne, hvZ Zvi KZ Aciva gvPb nq hvq| Avi
GZ mg bv nj GKvavi `ygvm ivRv ivLe|
nZvi weavb wewfb aibi nIqvi inm:
BQvKZ nZvi Abyic nZvq Kmvm diR bq; KviY
nZvKvixi g~jZ: nZv Kiv j-Dk wQj bv| eis icY
diR ne KviY m GKRb ewK b KiQ| ZvB Gi
wZc~iY wnmve icY w`Z ne| Avi G icY gyMvjvhvn ev
KwVb cKwZi Ki `qv nqQ; KviY Zvi Dk nZv bv
_vKjI AvgY Dk wQj| Avi icYi `vwqZfvi i
mKxq cyilì Dci `qv nqQ; KviY ZvivB AbyMn I
mnhvwMZv w`q _vK| Avi `vm AvRv` ev ivRv ivLvi Kvddviv
nZvKvixi cwZ Acwinvh Ki `qv nqQ, hvZ Ki Acivaxi
bvn gvd Ki wbZ cvi|
wbnZi AwffveKì icY bv wbq gv Ki `qv Dg|
Avi hw` gv Ki `q Zvnj Zv w`Z ne bv| wK
AcivwaK Kvddviv AekB Av`vq KiZ ne|
gZ`ni gqbvZ` (Postmortem) Kivi weavb:
wekl cqvRb gZ`ni AvNvZ ev Zvb cwiv Ki `Lv
ea iqQ, hvZ gZyi mwVK KviY mbv Kiv hvq| Avi mvmx
AvgY nZ gZew I RbMYi AwaKvi msiY Kiv hvq|
Abyic fve Kvdi ewi gZ`n gwWKj KjR wkv I
cwkYi Rb KvUv-Qov Kiv RvqR iqQ|
Kmvm Aavq
654
nZvi cKvi
AcniY Ki nZv Kiv ev avKv w`q nZv:

BQvKZ I kZvekZ:
KvDK auvKv w`q nZv Kiv A_ev ZvK wbivc` ivLvi bvg
Ki Mvcb RvqMvq wbq nZv Kiv, A_ev Zvi gvj Ko wbq
wbRb ZvK nZv Ki djv, hvZ wQbZvB ev WvKvwZi Lei gvbyl
bv RvbZ cvi| Ggb nZvi nZvKvix gymjgvb nvK, Avi
Kvdi nvK ZvK Kmvm bq eis kvw wnmve nZv KiZ ne
Ges wbnZi AwffveKì c nZ gv ev Ab Kvb cKvii
gZvgZ MnY Kiv ne bv|
hw` Kvb ew Kvb AZvPvixi nvZ nZ evPuvi Rb
AZvPvixK AvNvZ nvb Avi GZ AZvPvix gviv hvq ev
wZM nq Zvnj H ewK Kvb icY ev Ab wKQy w`Z
ne bv|
655
Kmvm Aavq
nZvi cKvi
(M)- fyjekZ: nZv
fyjekZ: nZv:
Bnv njv gvbyl Zvi KvR KiZ _vK GiB gvS nZv NU
hvq| hgb: wkKvix wkKvii Dk Zxi Qyo A_ev wPwZ vb
Zxi Qyo wK Zv Kvb wb`vl ewi Mvq jM wbnZ nq| g~jZ:
H ew Bnv KLbI BQv Kiwb| QvU evPv I cvMji BQvKZ
nZv Ges Kvb KviY RwbZ nZvI fyjekZ: nZvi mv_ m|
fyjekZ: nZvi cKvi:
fyjekZ: nZv `ycKvi:
1. c_g cKvi: nZvKvixK Kvd&dviv Ges Zvi imKxq
cyilìK icY w`Z ne| Bnv njv hyi gq`vb QvovB Kvb
gywgb ewK fyjekZ: nZv Kiv A_ev Ggb mc`vqi KvDK
nZv Kiv hvì m Pzw iqQ| Ggb nZvKv nZvKvixi Dci
Kvddviv Ges Zvi imKxq cyilì Dci nvjKv icY diR
ne|
(K) nvjKv icY: GKkZ DU|
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Avgi Beb AvBe wZwb Zvi evev wZwb Zuvi `v`v (iv:) nZ eYbv
Kib h, im~jyjvn (`:) dqmvjv Ki w`qQb:h fyjekZ: nZv
Kie Zvi icY nj GKkZ DU: wkwU `yB ermi coQ Ggb
Dx, wkwU wZb ermi coQ Ggb Dx, wkwU Pvi ermi coQ
Ggb Dx Ges `kwU wZb ermi coQ Ggb DU|1
.nv`xmwU nvmvb, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 4541 k ZviB, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 2630
Kmvm Aavq
656
nZvi cKvi
G icYi `vwqZ enb Kie nZvKvixi imKxq cyil

ewMY| eZgvb m`x Avie fyjekZ: nZvi icY nj:
GKj m`x wiqvj gvhv wZb ermi mgqi ga cwikva
Kie| Avi gwnjvi Rb AaK cvk nvRvi m`x wiqvj
gv|
(L) Kvd&dviv njv:
GKwU gywgb `vm AvRv` Kiv, GZ Ag nj GKvavi `ygvm
ivRv ivLv| Avi G Kvddviv nZ ne nZvKvixi m` nZ hvZ
Zvi Aciva gvd nq|
wbnZi AwffveKì icY gv Ki `qv nj Dg KvR,
hw` gv Ki `q Zvnj ev` nq hve wK AcivaxK
AekB Kvd&dviv w`Z ne|
2. wZxq cKvi: hvZ ay Kvddviv diR ne| G njv: Kvb
gywgb ewK Kvdii `k Kvdi gb Ki gymjgvbì nZv
Kiv, Ggb nZvq Kvb icY w`Z ne bv eis nZvKvixK
Kvddviv w`Z ne, Zv njv: GKwU gywgb `vm AvRv` Kiv, Ag
nj GKvavi `ygvm ivRv ivLv|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
O N M L K J IH G F E D C B A{
_ ^ ] \ [ Z Y XWV U T S R Q P
k j i h g f e dcb a `
x w v u t srq p o n m l
: z b a ` _ ~ }|{ z y
gywgbi KvR bq Kvi gywgbK nZv Kiv wK fyjg| h ew

Kvb gvbylK fyjg nZv Ki, m GKRb gywgb KZ`vm AvRv`
Kie Ges i mgcb Kie Zvi ^RbìK, wK hw` Zviv gv
Ki `q| AZ:ci hw` wbnZ ew Zvgvì kmc`vqi
Kmvm Aavq
657
nZvi cKvi
AMZ nq, Ze gymjgvb KZ`vm AvRv` Kie| Avi hw` m

Zvgvì mv_ Pzwe Kvb mc`vqi AMZ gywgb nq, Zvnj
icY mgcb Kie Zvi ^RbìK Ges gywgb KZ`vm AvRv`
Kie| Avi hw` Zv bv cvq Zvnj m Avjvni KvQ bvn gvd
Kivbvi Rb GKvavi `yB gvm ivRv ivLe, Avjvn Zvqvjv
gnvvbx, cvgq| [m~iv wbmv: 92]
gZi c nZ ivRv KvRv Kivi weavb:
h ew igRvb gvmi KvRv ivRv, Kvddvivi `yB gvm ivRv,
A_ev gvbZi ivRv iL gviv hvq Zvi `ywU Aev nZ cvi:
1. ivRv ivLZ mg wQjb wK ivRv ivLbwb| GgZvevq Zvi
c nZ Zvi IqvwiQiv ivRv ivLe, Aek Zviv cii fvMvfvwM
Ki wbZ cvi, Ze kZ njv hb GKRbi ci AviKRb
Gfve avivevwnKZvi mv_ kl Ki|
2. Amy ev Ab Kvb KviY AcviM wQjb, GgZvevq Zvi c
nZ KvRv ev wgmwKbK LvIqvbv KvbUvB KiZ ne bv|
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Avqkv (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb bex (`:) ejQb: h ew

ivRv cvj bv Ki gviv hvq Zvi c nZ Zvi AwffveK ivRv
cvjb Ki wbe|1
gvbyli i mKxq eweM:
BQvKZ nZvi Abyic nZv I I fyjekZ: nZvq nZvKvixi
i mKxq cyil eweM w`qvZ ev icY cwikva Kie| Avi
nZvKvixK Kvddviv w`Z ne| icYi `vwqZ enbKvixiv
njv: nZvKvixi imKxq cyil eweM| wbKUeZx I `~ieZx,
DcwZ I AbycwZ mKjB Gi ga Afy| c_g AwZ
1
Kmvm Aavq
658
nZvi cKvi
wbKUZg AZ:ci hviv wbKUZg w`q i ne| Aek G g~j

hviv ZvivB ay MY ne, kvLv-ckvLv bq| Avi Gme eweM
icYi GK ZZxqvski ewk fvMi `vwqZ enb Kie|
i mKxqiv hv enb Kie bv:
BQvKZ nZvi Gme ewiv icY Gi `vwqZ wbe bv|
Kvb KZ`vm nZv Kij ev ZvK nZv Kiv nj ZLbI icYi
`vwqZ wbe bv| GgbwK GK ZZxqvski Kg ev Kvb mwPzw
A_ev ^xKvivw Kvb B Zviv `vwqZ enb Kie bv| Abyic
Kvb Acveq, gwnjv, `wi` I weagxi Dci icYi `vwqZ
eZve bv|
Kmvm Aavq
659
w`qvZ-icY
2- cvYnvbx Qvov hme Aciva

cvYnvbx Qvov h mg Aciva:
Bnv nj Abi c nZ Kvb gvbyli kixi Ggb meK I
AvNvZ nvbv hvZ cvYbvk nq bv|
kixii A-cZK RLg I weQ` Kivi gZ AvgY:
Bnv hw` BQvKZ nq Zv nj Kmvm Avi hw` fyjekZ: ev
BQvKZi Abyic nq Zv nj icY|
h ewK Kvb ewi wewbgq Kmvm Kiv nq ZvK H
ewi A-cZ I AvNvZi I Kmvm Kiv nq, Avi hw`
ewi wewbgq ewK Kmvm Kiv bv hvq Zvnj AcZi I hve bv, A_vr h KviY cvYi Kmvm diR
nq| Avi Zvnj BQvKZfve nZvKv ev AvNvZ NUvj|
myZivs, fyjekZ: I BQvKZ Gi Abyic Kvb Kmvm bq
eis ZvZ iqQ icY-w`qvZ|
cvYnvbx Qvov BQvKZ AvgY `yB aiYi Kmvm:
1. c_g cKvi: A-cZi Kmvm: nvZ, cv, Pz, Kvb, bvK,
Avyj, ùvZ, VvU, wj BZvw` kixii cwZwU Ai wewbgq
Abyic A Kmvm ne|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
~{

: z
Avwg G M Zvì cwZ diR Ki w`qwQ h, cvYi wewbgq

cvY, Pzi wewbgq Pz, bvKi wewbgq bvK, Kvbi wewbgq Kvb,
ùvZi wewbgq ùvZ Ges RLgmg~ni wewbgq mgvb RLg|
AZ:ci h gv Ki, m bvn nZ cwe nq hvq| h me jvK
Kmvm Aavq
660
w`qvZ-icY
Avjvn hv AeZxY KiQb Z`byhvqx dqmvjv Ki bv ZvivB

Rvjg| [m~iv gvwq`v:45]
A-cZi Kmvm kZvejx:
AvnZ ew wb`vl nZ ne, AvNvZKvix I AvnZ GKB agi
nZ ne; KviY Kvdii Ai wewbgq gymjgvbi Kmvm nZ
cvi bv| AcivaxK cveq nZ ne, AvNvZKvix hb wcZv bv
nq Ges AvNvZ nZ ne ^Qvq| Gme kZ cvIqv Mj wbg
kZi AvjvK Kmvm mb KiZ ne|
A-cZ Kmvm mb Kivi kZejx:
1. mxgviLvi msiY: A Rvov ch ev Zvi c~Y mxgv ch
KZb Kiv|
2. bvg I cwigvY eivei iv Kiv: A_vr Pzi wewbgq Pz
ZzjZ hb evgi wewbgq Wvb bv nq, Abyic GK Avyji
wewbgq AviK Avyj hb bv nq|
3. myZvq I c~YZvq eivei nIqv: myZivs fvj nvZ ev cv-cy
nvZ ev cv Gi wewbgq KvUv hZ cvi bv| Abyic `wnxb PvLi
wewbgq fvj PvL bqv hZ cvi bv, Ze fvjvi wewbgq Lvivc
ev `yej bqv hZ cvi, Ze avKv hb bv nq|
hLb Dciv kZmg~n cwic~Y ne ZLb Kmvm bqv ea ne|
Avi hw` cwic~Y bv nq Zvnj Kmvm ev` nq w`qvZ-icY
diR nq hve|
2. wZxq cKvi: RLgi Kmvm: hLb ^Qvq RLg Kie ZLb
Kmvm diR ne|
ewi Kmvmi h mg kZ iqQ RLgi Kmvmi
I H mg kZ chvR| Kmvm mbi RLgi
mxgviLv AekB jYxq| kixii h AskB RLg nvK bv
Kb hgb: gv_v, Ei, cvqi bjv BZvw`| hLvb nvo ch
RLg nqQ mLvb mgcwigvY Kmvm ne|
Kmvm Aavq
661
w`qvZ-icY
h_vh_ cwigvY hLb Kmvm me ne bv ZLb Kmvm ev` nq

icY Acwinvh nq hve|
A-cZ I RLgi gvkxj nq Kmvm bv wbq
w`qvZ-icY bqvB Dg| Zvi PqI Dg nj mewKQy gv
Ki `qv| Avi h ew gv Ki w`q mskvab Ki wbe
Zvi cwZ`vb Avjvn Zvqvjvi KvQ iqQ| Aek h gv
KiZ mg Zvi KvQ gv PvIqv Dg|
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Avbvm (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb:im~jyjvn (`:)-Gi KvQ hLb

Kvb Kmvmi welq Dcvcb Kiv nZv ZLb wZwb gv Ki
`qvi Rb wb`k w`Zb|1
cvk cwZwqv mw nj Zvi weavb:
1. h mg Aciva Kvb Anvbx Kiv nq Zvi cvk cwZwqv
A_vr cieZxZ mwUi Ri wnmve eo Kvb wZ nj ev gviv
Mj ZvZI Kmvm ev w`qvZ diR ne| hgb : Kviv GKUv
Avyj KvUvi KviY hw` nvZ b nq hvq Zvnj nvZi Kmvm
diR ne Ges G KviY gZy NUj ewi Kmvm diR nq
hve|
2. h ew Pzwi, ewfPvi BZvwì `-wewa cqvM gviv hvq A_ev
A-cZ I RLgi Kmvm gviv hvq evqZzj gvji dv nZ
Zvi icY c`vb Kiv ne|
3. kixi cvk cwZwqv nZ cvi Ggb Kvb A ev RLg fvj bv
nIqv ch Zvi Kmvm bqv hve bv|
4. hw` Kvb Avyj KU dj Avi ev`x Zv gvd Ki `q|
AZ:ci Zv Kw ev cvY bvk ch cuQ Ges gvd Kvb e`jv
1
Kmvm Aavq
662
w`qvZ-icY
QvovB nq Zvnj Kvb Kmvm I w`qvZ jvMe bv| Avi hw` gvd
gvj viv nqwQj Ggb nq Zvnj cyiv w`qvZ cve|
nKi evcvi Bbmvd Kivi weavb:
h ew AbK jvwV, eZ ev nvZ w`q cnvi Ki A_ev
PcUvNvZ Ki Gi Kmvm wnmve AcivwaK mBic fve GKB
vb I cwigvY AvNvZ Kiv ne| Ze hw` gvd Ki `q Zvnj
gvd nq hve|
h gvbyli evwoZ AbygwZ Qvov `w `q Zvi weavb:
KD hw` Kviv Ni AbygwZ QvovB `w `q, Avi Zviv Zvi
PvL Zzj bq GZ Kvb icY ev Kmvm bB|
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Avey ivBiv (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb: Aveyj Kvmg gynv`
(`:) ejb:hw` Kvb ew Zvgvi AbygwZ QvovB Zvgvi evwoi
wfZi w`K DuwK gvi Avi Zzwg Zvi w`K cv_i Qyo gi Zvi
PvL dzUv Ki `vI Zvnj Zvgvi Kvb Aciva ne bv|1
GKRb gvbyli i AviK Rbi Rb Ìqvi weavb:
1. wekl cqvRb GKRb gvbyli i AviKRbi kixi `qv
ea AvQ| hwÌ G welq Kvb my `wjj bq ZeyI AwZ
cqvRb Bnv ea| Kvb Awe Wvvii eevcbvq i `vZvi
Kvbic wZ QvovB mwZmvc Wvvii wmv Abyhvqx ivMxi
gywi Rb cvY euvPvbvi cwigvY kixii Lv` wnmve MnY Kiv
ea iqQ|
2. wec`M I AvKwK Aev hgb: `yNUbv I evPv cmei
Aevi Rb evW evsK i Rgv Ki ivLv RvqR| G Qvov Aviv
h mKj Aevq ik~b `Lv `q|
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1- cvYbvki w`qvZ ev icY
w`qvZicY njv:
Avv ew ev Zvi AwffveKK AvgYi KviY h m`
c`vb Kiv nq ZvKB w`qvZ ev icY ejv nq|
w`qvZi kYx:
w`qvZi kYx QqwU:
(100) wU DU, (200) wU Mi, (2000) QvMj ev `y^v, (1000)
wgQKvj mvbv, (12000) ic gy`v I (200) Rvov Kvco|
gymwjgi w`qvZi Avmj:
GKRb gymwjg ewi g~j icY nj: GKkZ DU| Avi
Abvb kYxjv Zvi cwieZ hw` DUi `vg AwaK cwigvY eo
hvq A_ev bv cvIqv hvq| myZivs GKRb gymwjgi g~j w`qvZ
GKkZ DU| hw` g~j eo hvq Zvnj Zvi e`j AbwU MnY
Kie| Avi hw` AbwU nvwRi Ki Zvnj Zv MnY Kiv Riwi|
Avi `ki ivca vb PvBj hvZ DcKvi I gvbyli Rb mnR Zv
wbevPb KiZ cvib|
<9 6 W Z
1 ( +. JH : 5W ]#ic M fi + S

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.R 0I1 @ ` W S#W <A W 0 R '@pk ( U R 0; , a" :
Dgvi Beb Lvve (iv:) GK`v Lyrev c`vb Kvj ejb: Rb ivL
DUi g~j eo MQ| eYbvKvix ejb: Dgvi (iv:) w`qvZ wbaviY
Kib Gfve: ^Yi gvwjKi Rb GKkZ DUi wewbgq GK
nvRvi w`bvi, icvi gvwjKi Rb evi nvRvi ìnvg, Mii
gvwjKi Rb `yBkZ Mi, QvMji gvwjKi Rb `yB nvRvi QvMj,
Kmvm Aavq
664
w`qvZ-icY
Kvcoi gvwjKi Rb `yBkZ Rvov Kvco| eYbvKvix ejb: wZwb

wRwì w`qvZi evcviUv c~ei DciB Qo `b Z_v Kvb
wkw_j Kibwb|1
GK nvRvi w`bvi 4250 Mvg ^Y cwigvY|
gymwjgv bvixi w`qvZi cwigvY:
GKRb gymjgvb bvixK fyjekZ: nZv Kiv nj Zvi icY
njv cyili AaK| Abyic Zvi A-cZi I RLgi w`qvZ
cyili AaK|
9bI {
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ivqn& _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avgvi wbKU DiIqv eviKx Dgvi

[]-Gi wbKU _K Gm ejb: wbq bvix I cil ùvZ I gv_vi
RLgi w`qvZ eivei| Avi Gi Pq Dcii w`qvZ bvix cili
AaK|2
w`qvZi cKvi:
kYxi w`K _K w`qvZ wZb cKvi:
cvYbvki w`qvZ----, A-cZi w`qvZ----- I KjvYKi
wRwbmi w`qvZ| h KD mivmwi Kvb gvbyli Rxeb bvk ev
KviY RwoZ _vKe Zvi cwZ w`qvZ Riwi ne|
1. hw` `yRb mivmwi Ask MnY Ki Zvnj `yRbi cwZ w`qvZ
eZve|
2. hw` `yRbB KviY nq Zvnj `yRbi cwZ w`qvZ Avme|
3. hw` GKRb mivmwi Avi AciRb KviY nq Zvnj mivmwi
ewi Dci RvgvbZ Riwi| wK wZbwU gvmvqj Qvov:
1
.nv`xmwU nvmvb, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 4542, evBnvKx nvt bs 16171 BiIqv `t nvt bs
2247
2
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Beby Avwe kvBev gymvbvd nv: bs 27487 BiIqvDj Mvjxj `:2250
665
Kmvm Aavq
w`qvZ-icY
(K) hw` mivmwi ewK RvgvbZ kvwgj Kiv me bv nq| hgb:

hw` GKRb AciRbK nvZ euvav Aevq wmsni LuvPvq wbc
Ki Avi wmsn ZvK Lq dj|
(L) hw` mivmwi ewK kwiqZi Avvcv bv nIqvi KviY
RvgvbZ eva bv Kiv hvq hgb: QvU evPv I cvMj, Zvnj
RvgvbZ hviv ZvìK Acivai Rb wb`k KiQ Zvi cwZ|
(M) kwiqZ ea Ggb KviY viv NUj hgb: GKwU `j wgj
nZvi hvM KvRi Dci mvx Ìqvi cj ZvK nZv Kiv
njv| Gici Zviv mv _K cZveZb Ki ejj: Avgiv ZvK
nZvi BQvq mvx w`qwQ, Zvnj RvgvbZ mvxì cwZ|
w`qvZi weavb:
mvaviY gymwjg ew A_ev wbivcvKvgx whw A_ev Pzwe
whw h ewB nvK bv Kb Kvb cvYK b Kij Zvi Dci
icY diR nq hve| G Aciva hw` ^Qvq nq Zvnj
ZrbvZ Acivwai m` nZ icY Av`vq Kiv diR| Avi hw`
m^Qvq bv nq eis m^Qvi Abyic ev fyjekZ: nZv nq Zvnj
Acivwai imKxq cyil ewì Dci wZb eQi mgqKvj
icY Av`vq Kiv diR ne|
(X 9#7 ( 7 4 @ " ... : d 4 2! :
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KjvYKi GLwZqvi Ki| PvB m wd`qv be A_ev nZvi e`jvq
nZv Kie|1
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2. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ| hvBj Mvi `yRb bvix

GKRb AciRbi Dci cv_i wbc Kij Zvi MfcvZ NU|
ZLb im~jyjvn [] GKwU `vm ev `vmx viv dqmvjv Kib|1
Kmvm Aavq
667
w`qvZ-icY
w`qvZ diRi Aevmg~n:

wbgi AevjvZ w`qvZ wbw` ne:
hw` wbnZ ewi Awj w`qvZ GLwZqvi Ki| hw` Kmvm gvd
Ki `q| hw` Acivwa ew asm nq hvq| hw` Acivwa
PviRbK nZv Ki Zvnj Zvi cwZ PviwU M`vb jvMe| AZGe,
hw` PviRbi GKRb Kmvm GLwZqvi Ki Zvnj ZvK nZv
KiZ ne| Avi evwK wZbRbK wZbwU w`qvZ w`Z ne; KviY
Zvì cZKi nK iqQ| wK chvqg i KiZ ne|
Kvdii w`qvZi cwigvY:
Kvdi PvB m Avnj wKZve nvK ev AwMc~RK wKsev
g~wZc~RK nvK A_ev Ab Kvb Kvdi nvK| Zvì cyili Rb
icY nj GKRb gymwjg cyili icYi AaK Ges bvixi
icY gymwjgv bvixi AaK| PvB m icY ewi nvK ev
A-cZi ev RLgi B nvK| Abyic BQvKZ
nZvi nvK ev fyjekZ: nZvi nvK; KviY mKjB Kvdi|
Kbbv Avnj wKZve bex []-Gi beyIqvZi ci Bmjvgi mv_
Kzdwi KiQ| ZvB Giv I Kvdiiv mKjB KydwiZ, AvRve,
Rvnvbvg cek eivei Ges w`qvZI mgvb| wK hv `wjj viv
wbw` Kiv nqQ hgb: Avnj wKZvei bvixì weevn Kiv Ges
Zvì RevBKZ c-cvwLi gvsm LvIqv RvqR Abvb mg
Kvdi _K wfb|
1. Avjvni evYx:
H lk j i h g f e d c b a ` _I
:
Avi h Bmjvg Qvov Ab Kvb xb Zvjvk Ki Zv Zvi _K

Keyj Kiv nq bv| Avi m AvLivZ wZMì Afy|
Kmvm Aavq
668
w`qvZ-icY
_ B
@ (4 75 0 : d
t 2! J j I1b
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. @ ~ S
2. Avgi Beb qvqe _K ewYZ, wZwb Zvi evev I evev Zvi

evevi evev (`v`v) _K eYbv Kib| im~jyjvn [] ejb:Kvb
Kvdii e`jvq Kvb gymwjg nZv Kiv Pje bv|
GKB mb` bex [] _K eYbv Kib, wZwb [] ejQb:
Kvdii w`qvZ gywgbi w`qvZi AaK|1
cUi evPvi w`qvZi cwigvY:
hw` cUi evPvi gvi cwZ AvgYi dj gZz Aevq
MfcvZ NU Zvnj GKwU `vm ev `vmx w`qvZ jvMe| hvi g~j
cuvPwU DU| Bnv Zvi gvi w`qvZi GK `kgvsk| Avi Mvjvgi
w`qvZ Zvi g~j Kg nvK ev ewk nvK|
evm-Mvwo `yNUbvq Kvi cwZ w`qvZ Riwi:
Mvoxi PvjKi DZv I Awbqgi KviY hw` Mvox D hvq
A_ev Ab Mvoxi mv_ `yNUbvq cwZZ nq GZ hv wZ ne
mewKQyB PvjKi Dci eZve| KD gviv Mj Zvi Dci icY
I Kvddviv diR nq hve| Avi hw` PvjKi Awbqg QvovB Kvb
`yNUbv NU hgb: fvj PvKv wbq ei nqQ wK ci Zv cvvi
nq `yNUbv NUQ, GgZvevq PvjKK Kvb icY I Kvddviv
w`Z ne bv|
w`qvZ K enb Kie:
wZbRbi Kvb GKRb w`qvZ enb Kie:
. nv`xmwU nvmvb, Ave~ `vE` nv: bs 4583 I wZiwghx nv: bs 1413 k ZviB
Kmvm Aavq
669
w`qvZ-icY
1. nZvKvix: ^Qvq nZvq Zvi wbR^ m` _K Zvi cwZ

w`qvZ diR ne, hw` wbnZ ewi Awjiv Kmvm bqv _K
weiZ nq|
2. AvKjv Z_v imKxq cyil ewiv| Gì cwZ ^Qvq
nZvi Abyic I fyjekZ: nZvi w`qvZ `qv diR|
3. evBZzj gvj Z_v KvlvMvi|
wbgwjwLZ Aevq evBZzj gvj FY I icY enY Kie:
1. hLb Kvb gymjgvb FY cwikvai eev bv iL FYM nq
gviv hvq, ZLb ckvmKi `vwqZ njv evBZzj gvj nZ D
FY cwikva Kiv|
2. hLb Kvb ew fyjekZ: A_ev BQvKZi Abyicfve nZv
Ki Ges Zvi c nZ icY cwikvai mvg_evb ew bv
_vK| GgbwK wbRI Ag ZLb evBZzj gvj nZ icY
c`vb Kiv ne|
3. hw` Kvb wbnZ ewi nZvKvix Rvbv bv hvq hgb : cP
hvbhvUi fxo co A_ev ZIqvd KiZ wMq Pvc co
BZvw` fve gviv hvq Zvnj Ggb ewì icY evBZzj
gvj nZ c`vb Kiv ne|
4. hw` wePviK wmv cuQvi Rb Kmg LvIqvi dqmvjv `b,
Avi wbnZi IqvwimMY Kmg LZ fq cvq Ges AcivwaI
Kmg ivwR bv nq| GgZvevq ivcwZ evBZzj gvj nZ
w`qvZ c`vb Kieb|
5. hw` ivcwZi wekl KvR fyji KviY w`qvZ diR nq
Zvnj evBZzj gvj _K Av`vq Kieb|
Kmvm Aavq
670
w`qvZ-icY
hw` ivRv cRvK, wcZv cyK, wkK QvK Avè `qvi Rb

mvaviYfve kvw cqvM Ki Ges GZ Kvb wZ nq ZLb
Zviv `vqfvi enb Kie bv|
hw` Kvb ew Kzc Lbbi Rb A_ev MvQ DVvi Rb Kvb
KgPvix wbqvM Ki Ges m D KvR KiZ wMq gviv hvq
Zvnj gvwjK Kvb `vqfvi enb Kie bv|
whx ewK nZvi weavb:
Pzwe whw A_ev wbivcvavix whwK nZv Kiv nvivg| h
nZv Kie m gnvcvc wj ne; KviY bex (`:) ejb:
]@

A + : l
B
t @ @ 1 b 2a < JH" R 'T
R O
v
0 ]1U A@ ( 7 @
.zV bc
h ew Kvb Pzwe jvKK nZv Ki m RvbvZi NvYI cve

bv A_P RvbvZi NvY Pwjk eQii `~iZ nZ cvIqv hve|1
Acivwa ew gviv Mj Zvi w`qvZi weavb:
h ^Qvq Kvb ewK nZv Ki AZ:ci gviv hve Zvi
Kmvm iwnZ nq hve| Ze wbnZ ewi Awjì Rb Zvi w`qvZ
evwK _vKe|
.eyLvix nvt bs 3166
Kmvm Aavq
671
A-cZi icY
2-A-cZ I RLgi icY

A-cZ I RLgi Aciva hw` BQvKZfve NUvbv nq
Zvnj Kmvm diR ne| Avi hw` AwbQvKZfve nq Zvnj
Kmvm bq eis icY diR ne|
A-cZ I RLgi icY wZb cKvi:
1. c_g cKvi: kixii A-cZ I DcKvix emg~ni icY|
(K) gvbyli kixi h mg A GKwU m GKRb ewi c~Y
icY w`Z ne hgb: bvK, wRnev, wj, Abyic keY kw, `kb
kw, evKkw, weeK eyw I gi` BZvw`|
(L) gvbyli kixi h mg A `ywU hgb: `yB Pz, `yB Kvb, `yB
VuvU, `yB nvZ, `yB cv I `yB Pvqvj BZvw`| Gjvi cwZwUi Rb
AaK icY| Avi hw` `ywUB b nq hvq ZLb GKRb gvbyli
c~Y icY w`Z ne| hw` Kvb GKwU AKRv nq hvq Zvnj
AaK icY| Avi hw` `ywUB AKRv nq hvq ZLb c~Y icY
w`Z ne| Avi GK PvL A AciwU fvj, Ggb ewi fvj
PvLwU b nq Mj c~Y w`qvZ-icY w`Z ne|
(M) gvbyli kixi h mg A PviwU hgb: `y PvLi PviwU cvZv,
Gjvi GKwU b nj GK PZz_vsk icY| Avi PviwU b nq
Mj c~Y icY w`Z ne|
(N) gvbyli kixi h mg A `kwU hgb: `yB nvZ I `yB cv Gi
`kwU Avyj| cwZwU Avyj GK `kgvsk icY Avi `kwU Avj
c~Y icY| GK Avyji gv_vq c~Y Avyji GK ZZxqvsk
icY| Avi ev Avyji gv_vq Aa Avyji icY| hw` Kvb
GKwU Avyj AKRv nq hvq ZvZ GK `kgvsk icY| `kwU
AvyjB AKRv nq Mj c~Y gvbyli icY|
(O) ùvZi icY: gvbyli gvU 32wU ùvZ| Gi ga PviwU
Qvbvqv-mvgbi ùvZ, PviwU ievBqv, PviwU Avbqve-KZb ùvZ Ges
Kmvm Aavq
672
A-cZi icY
evwK wekwU Avhivm-gvpxi ùvZ| cwZwU ùvZi icY nj-cuvPwU

Ki DU| Avi mg ùvZi gvU w`qvZ njv (160) wU DU|
Pzj I ckgi w`qvZ:
gv_v, ùvwo, `yB PvLi I `yB PvLi cvZvi Pzj-GB Pvi
kYxi Pzji h Kvb GKwU b nq Mj c~Y icY w`Z ne|
Ze ay GK PvLi b nj AaK icY Ges GK PvLi
cvZvi Pzj b nj GK PZz_vsk icY w`Z ne|
Aek Ai w`qvZ:
cy nvZ, `wnxb PvL I KvjùvZ b nj ^-^ icYi GK
ZZxqvsk c`vb KiZ ne|
2. wZxq cKvi: gv_v I kixi eo AvNvZ nj Zvi icY:
gv_v ev Pnvivq h AvNvZ nq Bnv mvaviYZ: `k aiYi nZ
cvi, cuvPwUZ wePvi Abyhvqx icY w`Z ne Avi Aci cuvPwUZ
kixqZi wbavwiZ icY w`Z ne|
wePvi viv cuvPwU AvNvZ njv:
1. nvimv: Pvgovq mvgvb RLg, hvZ Kvb icvZ nq bv|
2. evRjv: Ggb RLg hvZ mvgvb icvZ nq|
3. evhAv: Pvgov RLg nIqvi ci MvkZI f` Ki|
4. gyZvjvngv: h RLg Mvi Mfxi Pj hvq|
5. mgnvK: h RLg MvkZ I nvoi gvS cvZjv AveiY ch
cuQ hvq|
Dciv cuvPwU RLgi icYi cwigvY wbaviY Kiv
bB eis Gjv wePvi viv KiZ ne|
wePvi njv: AcivwaK GKRb Acivwa bv Ggb `vm wbaviY
Kie| AZ:ci m Zv _K gy wbaviY Kie| Gici h Kg
g~j ne m cwigvY Zvi w`qvZ ne| Avi wePviK mvne Gi
wbaviY cPv Kieb Ges wePvi `ybvg, wZ I ev_v
nvwmji evcvi j ivLeb|
Kmvm Aavq
673
A-cZi icY
Avi h mg RLg Bmjvgx kwiqZ icY wbw` Ki `qv AvQ

Zv njv:
1. g~hnv: h RLg nvo ch cuQ Ges nvo fve ei nq
hvq| GZ icY nj cuvPwU DU|
2. nvkgv: h RLg nvo ch cuQ hvq Ges nvo f `q|
GZ icY nj `kwU DU|
3. gybvwjv: h RLg nvo ch cQ hvq Ges nvo f I nvo
ei nq hvq ev mi hvq| GZ icY nj: cbiwU DU|
4. gvg~gv: h RLg gw ev gMRi Dcii AveiY ch cuQ
hvq| GZ icY nj: c~Y icYi GK ZZxqvsk|
5. `vgMv: h RLg gw ev gMRi Dcii AveiY f` ev
wQb nq hvq GZI c~Y icYi GK ZZxqvsk|
mg kixii Kv_vI hw` RLg nq Ges Zv Mfxi cuQ hvq
Zvnj GK ZZxqvsk icY w`Z ne| Avi hw` Mfxi bv
cuQ Zvnj wePviKi wmv Abyhvqx icY w`Z ne|
Rvqdv A_vr RLg hw` cU, wcV, e I Kbvjxi Mfxi
cuQ hvq Zvnj GK ZZxqvsk icY w`Z ne|
3. ZZxq cKvi: nvoi icY:
nvo fvsj wbgi wbqg w`qvZ IqvwRe ne:
1. cuvRi f hvIqvi ci Zv evR Ki wVK nq Mj GKwU
DU icY w`Z ne|
2. Kuvai mv_ m eyKi GKwU nvo f Mj Zv evR
Ki wVK nj GKwU DU| Avi `ywU nvo nj `ywU DU icY
w`Z ne|
3. nvZ, ev, Ei, cvqi bjv hw` fvvi ci evR Ki wVK
nj `ywU DU|
4. DjwLZ nvojv evR Ki wVK bv nj wePviKi wmv
Abyhvqx icY w`Z ne| Avi gi` f Mj evR
w`q wVK Kiv me bv nj c~Y ewi icY w`Z ne|
Kmvm Aavq
674
A-cZi icY
DcivjwLZ nvo Qvov Abme nvoi wePviKi wmv

Abyhvqx icY w`Z ne|
hw` Avgbv ew Acivwai wbKU w`qvZi e`jvq wPwKrmv
Pvq, Zvnj Bnv Zvi nK ne bv| eis kwiqZ KZK w`qvZ
ZvK Ìqv ne| PvB Zv Kg nvK ev ewk nvK Ges m Zvi
cwZ Avjvn Z Zuvi im~ji weavb mw _vKv IqvwRe|
c~evjwLZ weavbmg~ni `wjj nj:
$%
2! J j I1b
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+ 1 'SO
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0I1" &B"
6 #W ]+7g S # ( U $H P
7g ! " #

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6 ' W J"
W" /R4 0I1 g k W" /R4 0I1 # 7
# W" /R4 0I1 # 76 'K W" /R4 0I1 J Bp
9W" /R 90I1
9[ : 1 G 2 ( b I W" /R4 0I1 # # A W" /R4 0I1 P
&[
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S c R p5S W" /R 0I1
4 4 E4 R 6 T W" /R 0I1
4 4 E4 R @ 2@m S

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4 p(g4 W" /( +.
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. 0;
P
U k
bex (`:) Bqvgvb evmxì Rb wjwLZfve GK digvb Rvwi Kib

hvZ diR, mybvZ I icYi weeiY wQj------| Kvb ewi
icY nj: GKkZ DU, m~Y bvK KU djj c~Y icY,
Abyic wRnev, `yB VuvU, AKvmi `yB wewP, wj, gi`, `yB
Pz BZvw`Z c~Y icY, GKwU cvq AaK icY, gv_vi RLg
gw ev gMRi Dcii AveiY ch cuQj Ges cU, wcV, eyK
I Kbvjxi Mfxi ch RLg nj GK ZZxqvsk icY, kixii
MvkZ f` nq nvo f ei nq Avmj cbiwU DU icY,
nvZ I cvqi cwZwU Avyj `kwU DU, ùvZ Ges gvsm f` nq
nvo ei nq Mj GZ cuvPwU DU, gwnjvK Kvb cyil nZv
Kmvm Aavq
675
A-cZi icY
Kij ZvKI Kmvm wnmve nZv Kiv ne| Avi ^Yi gvwjKi
wbKU GK nvRvi w`bvi bqv ne|1
bvixi w`qvZi cwigvY:
gwnjvK fyjekZ: nZv Kiv nj cyili AaK icY|
Abyic gwnjvi A-cZ I RLg cyili A-cZ I RLgi
AaK icY|
.nv`xbwU mnxn, bvmvC nvt bs 4853, `vigx nvt bs 2277 BiIqvDj Mvjxj `t 2212
676
2- mvRv-`wewai Aavq
Gi ga iqQ:
1. Rbv-ewfPvii mvRv|
2. Rbvi Acevì mvRv|
3. Pzwi Kivi mvRv|
4. ivnvRvwb-WvKvwZ-wQbZvB BZvwì mvRv|
5. we`vnxì mvRv|
(G QvovI iqQ mvaviY kvw, agZvM, njd-mc_,
bRi-gvbZ)
677
:

e d c ba` _ ~ } I
[
:]Hji h g f
Avjvni evYx:
GB njv Avjvn KZK eua `qv mxgvbv| AZGe, Gi

KvQI hI bv| Ggwbfve eYbv Kib Avjvn wbRi
AvqvZmg~n gvbyli Rb, hvZ Zviv euvPZ cvi|
[m~iv evKviv:187]
`-mvRvi Aavq
678
`wewai AvnKvg
`-mvRv Aavq
`wewai AvnKvg
n`~` kwU nvGi eePb hvi A_ ` ev mvRvmg~n|

Bmjvg `-mvRv ejv nq: Avjvn Zvqvjvi Av`ki bvdigvwb
Kivi Rb kwiqZ KZK wbw` kvw|
`wewai cKvimg~n:
Bmjvg `wewa cuvP cKvi h_v:
1. Rbv-ewfPvii mvRv|
2. mZx-mvax gwnjv ev mr-mvay cyili cwZ ewfPvii Acev`
Avivci mvRv|
3. Pzwi Kivi mvRv|
4. ivnvRvwb-wQbZvB-WvKvwZ BZvwì mvRv|
5. we`vnxì mvRv|
G mKj Acivai cwZwUi Rb iqQ kixqZi wbw` kvw|
`wewa-mvRv RvwiKiYi wnKgZ:
Avjvn Zvqvjv Zuvi Gev`Z I AvbyMZ Kivi Rb wb`k
KiQb| wZwb hv Av`k KiQb Zv KiZ Ges hv wbla KiQb
Zv nZ weiZ _vKZ wb`k KiQb| Avi Zuvi ev`vì KjvYv_
wewfb `wewa Avivc KiQb| hviv Gjv cvjb Kie Zvì
Rb RvbvZ Ges hviv Agvb Kie Zvì Rb Rvnvbvgi AwKvi
KiQb|
myZivs, gvbyli cew hLb Aeva nq co Ges cvc wj nq
ZLb Avjvn Zvi Rb ZIev I gvi ìRv Dy Ki `b| wK
hLb cew Avjvni bvdigvwb KiZB _vK Ges wdi AvmZ
A^xKvi Ki eis Avjvni wbwl mxgvbvi gvS XyK co Ges Zuvi
mxgv-iLv AwZg Ki| hgb : gvbyli m` I BZi Dci
PovI Kiv| GgZvevq Avjvni ` I mvRv evevqb Ki Zvi
`-mvRvi Aavq
679
`wewai AvnKvg
bdmi AevaZvK wbqY Kiv I evav `qv GKv Riwi| hvZ

Ki DZi wbivcv I kvw wbwZ nq| Avi cwZwU `wewa
Avjvni c _K `qv îc Ges mevi cwZ wbqvgZ|
cuvPwU Riwi wRwbmi msiY:
gvbyli Rxeb cuvPwU Riwi (xb, Rxeb, m`, weeK I
mvb) wRwbmK ndvRZ Kivi Dci wbfikxj| `-mvRv
evevqb H Riwi welqjvi ndvRZ I cwZiv nq|
AZGe, Kmvm viv Rxebi ndvRZ, Pzwii mvRv evevqb
mì ndvRZ, ewfPvi I Acevì ``vb BZ-mvbi
iv, g` cvbi mvRvq weeKi ndvRZ, we`vni `wewa viv
wbivcv I m` Ges Rxeb I mvbi ndvRZ| Avi mKj
`wewa cqvM nq xbi iv|
`-mvRvi wdKvn-m~ eyS:
kwiqZi `-mvRvmg~n cvc Kivi Rb kwiqZ KZK wbw`
kvw| kwiqZ cvc Qvov Kvb kvw bB| ZvB IqvwR ev RvqR
KvR ZvM Kij Kvb kvw bB| Avi IqvwRe ZvM Kiv nvivg
KvR Kiv kvwgj| wK ZvZ Kvb kvw bB| nuv, hw` gyi`vZ nq
hvq Zvnj ZvZ nZv iqQ| gyi`vZ nj nZv I ^Qvq nZv
Kij Kmvm G `ywU `-mvRvi Afy bq; KviY `-mvRv
Avjvni nK hv AekB evevqb KiZ ne Ges Kvb gB ev`
coe bv hwÌ KZv ZIev KiK bv Kb| Avi Kmvm gvd Kivi
gvag ev` co hvq; KviY Bnv gvbyli nK, m PvBj ev` KiZ
cvi| Avi gyi`vZ Z_v ag ZvMi nZv m ZIev Ki Bmjvg
wdi Avmj ev` co hvq|
`-mvRv Kvqg Kivi m~ eyS:
`wewa I mvRvmg~n cvc _K agwK I wZivi Ges mvRvcv
ewi Rb cwic~iK I mskvab| ZvK Zvi cvc I Aciva _K
`-mvRvi Aavq
680
`wewai AvnKvg
cwe Ki| Avi Abì H KvR wj bv nIqvi Rb gwK I

fq-fxwZ Ges AvZ mwKvix|
Avjvn KZK kwiqZi `wewa I mvRvmg~n:
Bnv njv Avjvni nvivgKZ emg~n hv mv`b I jNb
KiZ wbla KiQb| hgb: ewfPvi, Pzwi BZvw`| Zuvi
`wewamg~n hv wZwb wbw` I mxwgZ KiQb hgb: DivwaKvii
wewagvjv| Avi Avjvni nvivgKZ e nZ gwK I weiZKvix
wbw` mvRvmg~n| hgb: ewfPvi I Acevì mvRv Ges Abyic
Aviv hv kwiqZ wbw` Ki w`qQ| Gjvi gvS Kg-ekx Kiv
bvRvqR|
Kmvm I `~ì ga cv_K:
Kmvm nK Av`vq ev gvd Kivi evcviUv wbnZ ewi
AwffveK I hvi cwZ Aciva Kiv nqQ euP _vKj m wbRB|
Avi Zviv hv PvBe Zvi evevqbKvix njb ivcwZ| Avi `~`
Z_v `wewai ecviUv njv ivcwZi nvZ| myZivs, welqUv Zuvi
wbKU cuQvi ci iwnZ Kiv RvqR bq| Abyic Kmvmi Aciva
gvd Ki Zvi cwieZ w`qvZ bIqv ev m~Y gv KivI RvqR
AvQ| wK `wewaZ Kvb e`jx ev e`jx Qvov KvbfveB gvd
Kiv Ges cvwikKiv RvqR bB|
Kvi Dci `-mvRv Kvqg Kiv hve:
mvevjK, weeKevb, BQvKZfve mv`bKvix, iYKvix,
nvivg welq AeMZ I gymwjg I whx Ggb Bmjvgi Kzg
cvjbKvix Qvov Abi Dci mvRv evevqb Kiv hve bv|
9
: RC 9EE
5 ` W : ! " #
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`-mvRvi Aavq
681
`wewai AvnKvg
1. Avjx [] KZK ewYZ wZwb bex [] _K ebbv Kib| wZwb
[] ejQb:wZbRbi Kjg DwVq bIqv nqQ: Nyg ew
hZY Nyg _K bv DV| bvevjK evPviv hZY mvevjK bv
nq| Avi cvMj-Dv` hZY weeKevb bv nq|1
:
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} z {:Z
8 9 "
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. Z
A W 1
2. Avjvni evYx: n Avgvì cwZcvjK Avgiv hv fyj hvq ev

fyj-Ki Kwi m evcvi AvgvìK cvKovI Ki bv|
[m~iv evKviv: 286] hLb bvwRj nq ZLb Avjvn [] ejb:
wbqB Zv KiwQ|2
mvRv evevqb KiZ ìx Kivi weavb:
cgvwYZ nj Rjw` Ki mvRv evevqb Kiv diR| Avi hw`
Ggb Kvb cwZeK ck nq hvi gvS Bmjvgi DcKvi wbwnZ
iqQ, Zvnj mvRv c`vb ìx Kiv RvqR AvQ| hgb: hy I
ivM| A_ev Acivwai m AvQ Ggb wRwbm hgb: MfeZx I
`ycvqx evPv BZvw`|
`-mvRv K Kvqg Kieb:
` evevqbi `vwqZ wbeb gymwjgì ivcwZ A_ev wZwb
hvK `vwqZ wèb wZwb| gvbyli mgvek nq Ggb Kvb vb
gywgbì GKwU `ji DcwwZZ mvRv w`Z ne| Kvb gmwR`
mvRv `qv Pje bv|
.nv`xmwU mnxn, Avngv` nvt bs 940, BiIqvDj Mvjxj è nvt bs 297 Ave~ `vE`
nvt bs 4403 k ZviB
2
.gymwjg nvt bs 126
`-mvRvi Aavq
682
`wewai AvnKvg
gvi mxgvbvi wfZi mvRv Kvqg Kivi weavb:

gvi nvivg Kmvm I mvRv Kvqg Kiv RvqR| mLvb Kvb
AcivwaK Avkq `qv hve bv| AZGe, hvi Dci Avjvn Zvqvjvi
Kvb `-mvRv diR ne| hgb : PveyK gviv wKsev Rj Ave
ivLv ev nZv Kiv| gvi nvivg ev Ab h Kvb vb nvK bv
Kb Zv Zvi Dci Kvqg KiZ ne|
mvRvi PveyK gvivi cwZ:
PveyK bv bZzb Avi bv cyivZb eis gag aibi PveyK viv
PveyK gviZ ne| PveyK gvivi mgq Kvco Lyj bIqv hve bv|
kixii wewfb RvqMvq gviZ ne| Avi gyLgj, gv_v, jvvb I
mvgb gvie bv| gwnjvì PveyK gvivi mgq Kvco fvj Ki eua
wbZ ne|
GKvwaK mvRv GK nj Zvi weavb:
hw` Avjvni GKB aiYi mvRv GKRbi Dci GKwZ nq
hgb: GKvwaK evi ewfPvi ev Pzwi KiQ Zvnj aygv GKevi
kvw w`Z ne| Avi hw` wewfb aiYi mvRv nq hgb: weevwnZ
ewi ewfPvi, Pzwi I g` cvb Zvnj nvjKv nZ i KiZ
ne| c_g g` cvbi Zvici ewfPvii Ges kl Pywii nvZ
KvUv|
mvRvi PveyK gvivi cKvi:
Avjvni `wewai mePq k njv ewfPvii PveyK| AZ:ci
Acevì Gici g` cvbi|
h ew ivcwZi wbKU mvRv ^xKvi Kie Zvi weavb:
hw` Kvb ew wbRi mvRvi K_v ivcwZi wbKU ^xKvi Ki
Avi eYbv bv `q Zvnj Zvi `vl XK ivLZ ne Ges m
evcvi wRvmv Kiv hve bv|
683
`-mvRvi Aavq
`wewai AvnKvg
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wbKU wQjvg Ggb mgq GKRb gvbyl Gm ejj: Bqv im~jvjvn!
Avwg mvRvi KvR Ki djwQ| AZGe, Avgvi cwZ Zv Kvqg
Kib| Avbvm (iv:) ejb: wZwb [] m evcvi Kvb wKQz wRvmv
Kijb bv| mvjvZi mgq nj jvKwU im~j []-Gi mv_ mvjvZ
Av`vq Kij| bex [] hLb mvjvg kl Kijb ZLb jvKwU Zuvi
wbKU ùvwoq ejj: Bqv im~jvjvn! Avwg mvRvi KvR KiwQ|
myZivs, Avgvi Dci Avjvni wKZvei mvRv Kvqg Kib| bex []
ejjb: Zywg Avgvì mv_ mvjvZ Av`vq Kiwb? jvKwU ejj
nuv| im~jyjvn [] ejjb: wbq Avjvn Zvgvi cvcK A_ev
ejb: Zvgvi mvRvK gv Ki w`qQb|1
wbRi I Abi `vl-wU Mvcb ivLvi dwRjZ:
gvvnve njv h ew cvc Kie Zv Mvcb iL Avjvni
wbKU ZIev Kiv| Avi hw` KD cvc Ki Zv cKvk bv Ki
Zvnj Zvi cvc Rvbvi ci Zv Mvcb ivLv gvvnve| KviY Gi
viv DZi gvS Akxj KvR cPvi I wevi ne bv|
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684
`-mvRvi Aavq
`wewai AvnKvg
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ejZ bwQ: cvc Ki cKvkKvix eZxZ Avgvi DZi mKjK
gvd Kiv ne| cKvki ga hgb:GKRb ivi AKvi Kvb
cvc Ki| AZ:ci cfvZ Ki Avjvn Zvi cvcK Mvcb ivLv
Aevq| wK m ej eovq: n AgyK! Avwg MZKvj iv Ggb
Ggb KvR KiwQ| A_P Zvi cwZcvjK cvcK Mvcb iL ZvK
ivw hvcb KwiqQb| Avi m Zvi _K Avjvni c`vK DvPb
Ki cfvZ Ki|1
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ejQb: h ew Kvb gywgbi `ywbqvi Kvb gywmeZ `~i Kie
Avjvn Zvqvjv Zvi wKqvgZi w`bi gywmeZ `~i Kieb| Avi h
Kvb FY Av`vq Ag ewi Dci mnR Kie Avjvn Zvqvjv
Zvi Dci `ywbqv-AvLivZ mnR Kieb| Avi h Kvb gymwjg
ewi `vl-wU Mvcb ivLe Avjvn Zvqvjv Zvi `ywbqvAvLivZ Mvcb ivLeb| Avjvn ev`vi ZZY mvnvh Kib
hZY ev`v fvBqi mvnvh Ki|2
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. eyLvix nvt 6069 k ZviB gymwjg nvt 2990

.gymwjg nvt bs 1699
685
`-mvRvi Aavq
`wewai AvnKvg
`-mvRvi evcvi mycvwiki weavb:

wbKUi I `~ii Ges f` I BZi mKji Dci mvRv evevqb
Kiv diR| hLb Kvb mvRvi evcvi ivcwZi wbKU cuQ hve
ZLb Zv iwnZ Kivi Rb mycvwik Kiv A_ev Zv e Kivi Rb
cPv Kiv nvivg| Avi ivcwZi Rb Kvb cKvi mycvwik MnY
KivI nvivg| Zuvi wbKU hLb Kvb mvRvi evcvi Avme ZLb Zv
Kvqg Kiv Zuvi cwZ diR| Avi Acivaxi wbKU _K Kvb cKvi
Lyl wbq Zvi ` iwnZ Kiv nvivg|
Avi h ewfPvix ev Pvi wKsev g`cvqx BZvwì wbKU _K
Kvb cKvi UvKv-cqmv wbq Avjvni `wewa iwnZ Kie m RNb
`ywU wechq GK Kie| GKwU njv: `wewa iwnZKiY Avi
AciwU nQ Nyl fY Ges GKwU diRK ZvM I nvivg KvRi
c`kb|
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im~jyjvn []-Gi m K_v eje| G evcvi im~jyjvn []-Gi
wcq Dmvgv web Rvq` [] Qvov Avi KD mvnm ivL bv| Dmvgv
im~jyjvn []-Gi m_ K_v ejj, wZwb ejb:Zzwg Avjvn c`
`wewa evcvi mycvwik KiQ? AZ:ci wZwb [] ùvwoq fvlY
`-mvRvi Aavq
686
`wewai AvnKvg
c`vb Ki ejb: n gvbyl mKj! Zvgvì c~ei RvwZiv asm

nqQ Zvi KviY; hw` Kvb mv ew Pzwi KiZ Zvnj Zviv
ZvK Qo w`Z| Avi hw` Kvb `yej ew Pzwi KiZ Zvnj Zvi
cwZ Zviv mvRv evevqb KiZ| Avjvni kc_! hw` dvZgv we
gynvÌ Pzwi KiZ Zvnj gynv` Zvi nvZ KZb KiZ| 1
nZvKZ ewi RvbvRv bvgvRi weavb:
Kmvm Z_v nZvi e`j nZ A_ev Kvb mvRv wKsev kvw
c`vb Ki nZvKZ ew hw` gymwjg nq Zvnj ZvK Mvmj w`q
Zvi bvgvR RvbvRv Av`vq KiZ ne| Avi gymjgvbì Keivb
mgvwa KiZ ne| Avi gyiZv` Z_v xbZvMx KvdiK Mvmj I
Zvi RvbvRvi bvgvR Ges gymjgvbì Keivb `vdb KvbUvB
Pje bv| Zvi Rb GKwU MZ Ki mLvb Kvdiì bvq cuyZ
w`Z ne|
`-mvRv Kvqg Kiv diR:
Acivamg~ni mgvw NUvbv I mgvRK Zvi Awb _K
euvPvbvi GKwUB gv Dcvq Zv njv: Acivaxì Dci Avjvni
kiqx `-mvRvmg~ni evevqb| Avi Acivaxì _K Avw_K
Rwigvbv MnY A_ev Rj Lvbvq Ave ivLv wKsev Abyic gvbe
iwPZ wewfb aibi kvw c`vb Kiv wbq Ryjyg, asm I AwbZvi
ew Qvov Avi wK?
wbiciva ewiv:
wbiciva ewiv njv PviRb: gymwjg, whx, wbivcvavix I
mwKZ ew| Avi Bmjvgi weavb gvbZ hviv eva Zviv njv
`yB cKvi: gymwjg I whx| whx ew Bmjvgi weavbmg~n gvbZ
eva| wK ZvK Gev`Z Kivi evcvi eva Kiv hve bv| Avi h
1
.eyLvix nvt bs 6788 k ZviB , gymwjg nvt bs 1688
`-mvRvi Aavq
687
`wewai AvnKvg
welq m nvivg AvwK`v ivL ay m evcvi Zvi cwZ `-mvRv

Kvqg Kiv hve hgb Rbv|
Rbv cwZwU kwiqZB nvivg NvlYv Kiv nqQ| hw` whx
ew Zvi Abic gwnjvi mv_ Rbv Ki Zvnj Zvi cwZ mvRv
Kvqg Kiv ne; KviY Rbvq `ywU KviY iqQ: Abyic KvR
wZxqevi hb cwZZ bv nq Ges Mvbvn& gvd| hw` m gvdhvM bv
nq KviY m Kvdi Zvnj wZxq KviY Zvi cwZ mvRv Kvqg
Kiv ne Avi Zv njv:Abyic KvR hb Avevi wj bv nq|
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I GKRb bvix hviv Rbv KiwQj bex []-Gi wbKU wbq Avm|
ZLb wZwb [] Zvì `yBRbK iRg Kivi wb`k Kib| AZ:ci
ZvìK gmwRì RvbvRvi bvgvR covi vbi wbKU iRg Kiv
nq|1
. eyLvix nv: bs 1329 k ZviB I gymwjg 1699
688
`-mvRvi Aavq
ewfPvii mvRv
`-mvRvi cKvi
1- ewfPvii `-mvRv
Rbv-ewfPvi:
Aea bvixi xwj wgjb Kiv Ggb Akxj KvRK RbvewfPvi ej|
Rbvi weavb:
Rbv Kiv m~Yfve nvivg| Bnv GKwU weivU Aciva| Avi
Avjvni m wkiK I wbicivax Kvb ewK nZvi cii ii
Kweiv bvn| Gi NYZv I bvsivcbvi wewfbic iqQ| weevwnZ
bvixi m Rbv, gynviivgvZi (hvì mv_ vqxfve weevn
nvivg) m Rbv Ges cokxi xi mv_ Rbv mePq RNb
Rbv|
Rbvi wZ:
Rbvi mebvkv mePq eo mebvk| Bnv `ywbqvZ eskKzj I
jvvb Ges BZ-mvb ndvRZi h bxwZgvjv iqQ Zvi
m~Y wecixZ KvR| Rbvq mecKvi Awb Kw`f~Z nq| Gi viv
ev`vi Rb mg cvci ìRvjv Lyj hvq| G Qvov Rb bq
ewea gvbwmK I `wnK ivM-evjv| Avi evbvq Afve I AbUbi
DivwaKvix| ewfPvixiv gvbyli wbKU NwYZ I AmvwbZ ej
weewPZ nq| ewfPvixi Pnvivq dzU DU dmvì wP Ges nq
co gvbyl mgvR _K wb:m|
Rbvi kvw eo KwVb| `ywbqvZ weevwnZK ci wbc Ki
iRg Kivi gZ KVvi mvRv Ges AweevwnZK 100PveyK I
wbevmb| Avi AvLivZ ZIev Qvov gviv Mj KwVb kvw| mKj
ewfPvix bvix-cyilK Rvnvbvgi Avbi Pzjvq GKwZ Kiv ne|
`-mvRvi Aavq
689
ewfPvii mvRv

[ Z Y X W V U T S R Q P O N M L KI
.[/ ]H g f e d c b a`_ ^ ] \
ewfPvwiYx bvix I ewfPvix cyil; Zvì cZKK GKk Ki

evNvZ Ki| Avjvni weavb KvhKiKiY Zvì cwZ hb
Zvgvì gb `qvi D`K bv nq, hw` Zvgiv Avjvni cwZ I
ciKvji cwZ wekvmx nq _vK| gymjgvbì GKwU `j hb
Zvì kvw cZ Ki| [m~iv b~i:2]
d 2! $a ! @ b J
d Iz [m d 1
+ +b

d 4 2! + @ mW {
C ;<- ` + B
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W $^ 1 ' E'1O
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2. Rvei Beb Avyjvn Avbmvix [] _K ewYZ| Avmjvg

Mvi GKRb gvbyl bex []-Gi wbKU Gm Rbv KiQ ^xKvi
Ki wbRi Dci PviwU mv `q| AZ:ci im~jyjvn [] ZvK
iRg Kivi wb`k w`j ZvK iRg Kiv nq| Avi m weevwnZ
wQj|1
gynwmb I mvBqe H ewK ej h mwVK weevn eb viv
Zvi xi m wgjb KiQ| ^vgx-x Dfq ^vaxb I kwiqZi
gyKvjvd Z_v Avvcv ew nZ ne| Avi weK&i ejv nq
Gi wecixZ Kzgvix bvixKhvi mv_ ea wgjb NUwb|
Rbv-ewfPvi _K euvPvi Dcvq:
hb Pvwn`v c~iY I eskKzj ndvRZi Rb Bmjvg kiqx
weevn eevcbv KiQ hv wbivcì GK Abycg bxwZgvjv| Bmjvg
1
`-mvRvi Aavq
690
ewfPvii mvRv
G kiqx c_ Qvov Ab Kvb Kg-Kv wbla KiZ: c`v, PyK

mshZ Kivi wb`k KiQ| Avi gwnjvìK Zvì cvqi
AjsKvivwì Svi I ec`vq PjZ wbla KiQ| Aviv wbla
KiQ Aeva gjvgkv I m`h c`kb Ges eMvbv cyili mv_
GKvKx wgjZ I Kig`b KiZ| Abyic eviY KiQ gvnivg
cyil ewZiK gY KiZ| G mg aygv hvZ Ki bvix-cyil
Rbvi gZ RNb Akxj KvR wj bv nq|
A-cZi Rbv:
M ; 9+ $
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9SU ^ J s4 m4" / Y ' SU ^ J # A W /R O@ x
s ,_ 1 @ I8 @ #[
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i U^ 1 #" /M j ^ J4 Bp" /
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Avey ivBiv [] nZ ewYZ wZwb bex [] _K eYbv Kib| wZwb
[] ejQb: ewb Av`gi Dci Zvi Rbvi Ask wjLv nqQ hv
m AekB cve| AZGe, `y'PvLi Rbv njv `w wbc Kiv|
`yKvbi Rbv njv keY Kiv| wRfi Rbv nQ K_v ejv|
nvZi Rbv njv aiv| cvqi Rbv njv m KvRi Rb Pjv|
Aii Rbv njv m w`K SuvKv I Avkv-AvKvsLv Kiv| Gici
jvvb RbvK evevqb Ki A_ev Ki bv| 1
Rbvi kvw:
1. weevwnZ bvix-cyil nj cv_i wbc Ki nZv, PvB m
gymwjg nvK ev Kvdi nvK|
2. Avi AweevwnZ bvix-cyil nj 100 PveyK Ges GK eQii
Rb wbevmb| hw` `vm-`vmx nq Zvnj 50 PveyK| Avi bvix nvK
ev cyil Zvì Rb wbevmb bB|
1
.eyLvix nvt bs 6243 I gymwjg nvt bs 2657 k ZviB
`-mvRvi Aavq
691
ewfPvii mvRv
hw` Ggb Kvb gwnjv (hvi ^vgx bvB ev `vmx hvi gvwjK bvB)
MfeZx nq Ges Kvb cKvi mskq bv _vK ev Rvic~eK bv nq
Zvnj ZvK mvRv w`Z ne| hw` KD Kvb gwnjvi m
Rvic~eK Rbv Ki Zvnj Zvi kvw ne Avi gwnjvi Dci
Kvb kvw eZve bv; KviY m Ag I AcviM|
Rbvi mvRvi kZvejx:
Rbvi mvRv c`vbi Rb wZbwU kZ:
1. RxweZ gwnjvi jvvb cyilvsMi Avmj gv_v cek Kivbv|
2. Kvb cKvi mskq-m`n bv _vKv| ZvB hw` KD wbRi x
aviYv Ki Kviv m mnevm Ki em Zvi Dci mvRv bB|
3. Rbv mve nIqv| Bnv `yBfve nZ cvi:
(K) ^xKvivwi viv: weeKevb ewi GKevi Ges `yej weeK
Ggb ewi Rb Pvievi ^xKvivw nZ ne| Avi `yRbi
evcviB mgi nwKKZ my nZ ne Ges mvRv evevqb Kiv
ch Zvi ^xKvii Dci AUj _vKZ ne|
(L) mvx viv: PviRb bvqcivqY gymwjgi G evcvi mvx viv
mvRv c`vb Kiv hve|
Kvi Dci Rbvi mvRv Kvqg Kiv ne:
1. gymwjg nvK ev Kvdi Zvi Dci Rbvi mvRv Kvqg KiZ
ne| KviY G ` Rbv Kivi Rb ZvB Kvdii DciI diR
hgb diR Kmvm nZv I PzwiZ nvZ KvUv|
2. hw` weevwnZ cyil Kvb AweevwnZ bvixi m Rbv Ki
Zvnj cZKi Avcb Avcb mvRv Z_v weevwnZi Rb iRg Avi
AwevwnZi Rb PveyK I wbevmb|
`-mvRvi Aavq
692
ewfPvii mvRv
3. hw` ^vaxb ew `vmxi m wKsev Gi wecixZ Kvb ^vaxb

bvix `vmi m Rbv Ki Zvnj cZKi weavb gvZveK mvRv
ne|
4. ewfPvixi Dci mvRv Kvqg Kiv ne hw` m gyKvjvd
(kixqZi Avven) nq Ges ^Qvq I nvivg Rb Ki| Avi
wePvicwZi wbKU ^xKvi Ki A_ev mvx cgvY Ges mskq gy
nq|
bvix nvK ev cyil nvK iRg Kivi mgq MZ Lbb Kiv jvMe
bv| wK gwnjvi Dci Kvco k Ki eua w`Z ne hvZ
Ki Dj bv nq hvq|
h Kvb gwnjv Rbvi viv MfeZx nj A_ev wbR ^xKvi
Kij ZvK mec_ g iRg Kieb ivcwZ| AZ:ci mvaviY
gvbyliv| Avi hw` PviRb mvx viv Rbv mve nq, Zvnj
mvxivB c_g iRg Kie| AZ:ci ivcwZ I Gici Rb
mvaviYiv|
h AZvq mvRv Kvqg Kiv wbla:
G evcvi AZvi ARynvZ AMnYhvM| wK KvRwU nvivg wK
bv m evcvi AZv KwdqZ hvM| AZGe, hvi Rbv nvivg G
vb AvQ wK Zvi mvRv iRg ev PveyK Rvb bv Zvi G AZvi
ARynvZ Pje bv| eis Zvi Dci mvRv Kvqg Kiv ne|
Rbvi ci ^vgx-xi Kzg:
Kvb weevwnZ ew Rbv Kij Zvi x Zvi Rb nvivg ne
bv| Abyic Kvb weevwnZv bvix Rbv Kij Zvi ^vgx Zvi Rb
nvivg ne bv| wK Zviv `yRbB RNb cvc mv`b KiQ Zvi
ga Kvb m`n bB| ZvìK Avjvn Zvqvjvi wbKU ZIev I
gv PvIqv IqvwRe|
`-mvRvi Aavq
:
693
ewfPvii mvRv
z c b a ` _ ~ }| { z{
Zvgiv Rbvi wbKUI hI bv; KviY Bnv Akxj I g` c_|

[ m~iv ewb BmivCj: 32]
9!" #
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9 4 .x
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2. Avyjvn Beb gvmD` [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: Avwg

im~jyjvn []K wRvmv Kijvg Avjvni wbKU mePq eo cvc
KvbwU? wZwb [] ejjb: Zzwg Avjvni m Kvb kwiK Kie
A_P wZwb ZvgvK mw KiQb| mvnvex ejb: Avwg ZuvK
ejjvg wbq Bnv KwVb evcvi| Avevi ejjvg: Gici KvbwU?
wZwb [] ejjb: Zvgvi mvbK nZv Kiv G fq h m
Zvgvi mv_ Lve| mvnvex ejb: Gici KvbwU? wZwb []
ejb: Zvgvi cokxi xi m Rbv Kie|1
h gynviivgvZ bvixi m Rbv Kie Zvi weavb:
h ew Kvb gynviivgvZ (hvìK weevn Kiv nvivg) hgb:
Avcb evb, gq I evevi x BZvw`-Gi m nvivg Rvbv mZI
Rbv Kie ZvK nZv Kiv diR|
9QA + : 95W h 1 90a 0 Z
54 W RX 0 A @" IS
Z
%
rt

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9 J @ mW / #+ : @ u
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. @ k c " / 5

`-mvRvi Aavq
694
ewfPvii mvRv
eviv Beb AvRe [] nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb: Avgvi PvPvK Svv
Dwoq wbq hvQ `L ejjvg: Kv_vq PjQb? wZwb ejjb:
AvgvK im~jyjvn [] cvwVqQb H gvbyli wbKU h Zvi evevi
xK weevn KiQ| wZwb [] AvgvK wb`k KiQb Zvi M`vb
Dwoq `qvi Rb Ges Zvi mg m` evRqv Kivi Rb| 1
mgKvwgZv (Sodomy):
cyil cyil Rbv Kiv A_vr gjvi Akxj KvR Kiv Ges
bvix ev` w`q cyil viv h_ gb Kiv|
mgKvwgZvi K`hZv:
Bnv Pwi I ^fve asmx GK weivU Aciva| Gi kvw Rbvi
kvwi PqI KwVb; KviY Bnvi wbwlZv eo KVvi| Bnv gvivZK
GK ewZgagx hbPPv hvi dj RwUj gvbwmK I kvixwiK
ivMi Rb bq| j~Z []-Gi RvwZ G AcKg Kivi Rb Avjvn
Zvqvjv ZvìK Rwgb awmq giQb| Avi Zvì Dci ci
ew elY KiQb| G Qvov wKqvgZi w`b iqQ Zvì Rb
Avb|
{
z
- :
Ges Avwg j~ZK ciY KiwQ| hLb m ^xq RvwZK ejj:

Zvgiv wK Ggb Akxj KvR KiQ, hv Zvgvì c~e mviv weki
KD Kiwb? Zvgiv Zv KvgekZ: cyili KvQ Mgb Ki
bvixìK Qo| eis Zvgiv mxgv AwZg KiQ|
1
.nv`xmwU mnxn, wZiwghx nvt 1362, bvmvC nvt 3332 k ZviB
`-mvRvi Aavq
695
ewfPvii mvRv
[m~iv Avivd: 80-84]

2. Avjvni evYx:
KJIHGFEDCBA I
HWVUTSRQPONML
.[- /]
Aekl hLb Avgvi Kzg cuQj, ZLb Avwg D Rbc`K

DciK wbP Ki w`jvg Ges Zvi Dci i i KuvKicv_i
elY Kijvg| hvi cwZwU Zvgvi cvjbKZvi wbKU wPwZ wQj|
Avi mB cvwcì _K Lye `~iI bq| [ m~iv n~`:82-83]
mgKvwgZvi weavb:
mgKvwgZv nvivg| Zvi kvw njv weevwnZ nvK ev AweevwnZ
nvK KZv I Kg `yRbKB nZv Kiv| ivcwZ hUv Dchy gb
Kieb Zievwi viv nZv A_ev ci wbc Ki iRg ev Gi
Abyic Ab wKQz| KviY bex [] ejQb:
29+ bc
. + 2A6 S " (
6 247 W
C 24 M2 ( S
(4 S A 0 j 2Sa1 b " @
.zk@7" ;";
Zvgiv j~Zi RvwZi Kg KiZ: hvK cve Zvi KZv I Kg

DfqK nZv Kie|1
gwnjvì mgKvgxZv (LESBIANISM):
GK gwnjv Aci gwnjvi vi m NlY Ki exhcvZ
NUvbvK AviexZ wmnvK ej| Bnv nvivg Ges Gi Rb iqQ
kvw|
.nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 4462, wZiwghx nvt bs 1456
696
`-mvRvi Aavq
ewfPvii mvRv
ng_yb Kivi weavb:

ng_yb ev Ab Kvb fve exhcvZ NUvbv m~Yf
ve nvivg|
Avi ivRv ivLv Gi weK eev|
] \ [ Z Y X W V U T S R Q{
l k j i h g f e d c b a` _ ^
- :#$% z m
Avi hviv Zvì jvvbK ndvRZ Ki| Ze x Ges `vmxì

ewZiK G evcvi Zviv wZiZ ne bv| myZivs hviv G Qvov
Ab Kvb cv Aej^b Kie ZvivB njv mxgvjNbKvix|
[m~iv gywgb~b: 5-7]
0 : ! " #
$%
4 2! o: ;2AB@ + 1

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6 [
G " [
& '.W /
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2. Avyjvn Beb gvmD` [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn

[] ejQb:n hyeKi `j Zvgì ga hviv weevn Kivi
mvg_ ivL Zviv weevn Ki| Kbbv Bnv PvLK msiY Ki Ges
jvvbK ndvRZ Ki| Avi hviv weevn Kivi mvg_ ivL bv
Zvì Rb ivRv; KviY ivRv Zvì hb Pvwn`vK mshZ
Ki|1
`-mvRvi Aavq
697
ewfPvii mvRv
KD Kvb ci m Rbv Kij ivcwZ ev wePviK Zvi Rb

Dchy h Kvb kvw wèb Ges cwUK nZv Ki djZ
ne|
698
`-mvRvi Aavq
Acevì mvRv
2- Acevì mvRv
Acev` njv: Kvb mr cyil ev Kvb mZx-mvax bvixK Rbv
ev mgKvwgZvi Acev` `qv| A_ev Kviv esk m^K
A^xKvi Kiv| G aibi Acev` mvRvi hvM Abvq|
Acevì kvw wbaviYi wnKgZ:
Bmjvg BZ-Ave ndvRZi Rb DrmvwnZ KiQ Ges hvi
viv KjwZ I asm nq, Zv _K wbla KiQ| bK I
mrRbì BZ-AveK KjwZ Kiv _K weiZ _vKvi Rb
wb`k KiQ| Avi Abvqfve Zvì BZ b Kiv nvivg Ki
w`qQ| Bnv GKgv BZ-mvbK KjwZ nZ ndvRZ I
msiY Kivi Rb|
Ggb wKQz gvbyl AvQ hviv Avjvn hv nvivg Ki w`qQb
hgb: Acev` `qv G evcvi AMmi nq| Avi wewfb KzgZje
gymjgvbì BZ-mvbK KjwZ Ki| hLb wbqZi evcviUv
AcKvk ZLb Acev``vZvK PviRb mvx nvwRi Kivi Rb eva
Kiv nqQ| ZvB hw` nvwRi KiZ bv cvi Ze Zvi Dci 80
PveyK mvRv Kvqg KiZ ne|
Acevì Kzg:
Acev` `qv nvivg| Bnv Kweiv bvn| Avjvn Zvqvjv Acev`
`vZvi Dci `ywbqv-AvLivZ KwVb kvw diR Ki w`qQb|
lk j i hg f e d c b a` _ ~ } |{
:# z p o n m
Avi hviv mZx-mvax bvixìK Acev` Avivc Ki, AZ:ci

^c Pvi Rb cyil mvx nvwRi KiZ bv cvi ZvìK 80
699
`-mvRvi Aavq
Acevì mvRv
PveyK gvi Ges KLbv Zvì mv MnY Kie bv| GivB dvmK
Z_v bvdigvb| [m~iv b~i: 4]
q p o n m l k j i h g f{
:#
z s r
wbq hviv mZx-mvax, wbixn Cgvb`vi bvixì cwZ Acev`

Avivc Ki, Zviv BnKvj waKZ Ges Zvì Rb iqQ iZi
kvw| [ m~iv b~i: 23]
297b : 9 ! " #
$%
I'

: 0 U +

/ O
9IB" / + , IK : h ' U @" 2! 0 :24 {
5+2S ` 'B
p2 9'7" / #7# @ (4 g " /+I (4 g " /I?O
+ H M 'G 7
6 ' (4 7 "
.#
?67@.{
W
{
@ ~ S {
[
O
S |
k " /
G '8 M 2 0
3. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ im~jyjvn [] ejQb:Zvgiv

mvZwU asmKvix e _K euP _vK| mvnvevq Kivg ejjb: n
Avjvni im~j mjv wK wK? wZwb ejjb: Avjvni m wkiK
Kiv, Rv`y, Kvb nK QvovB Avjvn hvì nZv Kiv nvivg KiQb
Zvì nZv Kiv, Nyl MnY Kiv, GwZgi m` fY Kiv,
hy _K cv` wdwiq cjvqb Kiv Ges mZx-mvax, wbixn
Cgvb`vi bvixì cwZ Acev` Avivc Kiv|1
Acevì mvRv:
^xaxb bvix-cyil nj 80 PveyK Avi `vm-`vmx nj 40 PveyK
gviZ ne|
.eyLvix nvt bs 2766 k ZviB I gymwjg nvt bs 89
`-mvRvi Aavq
700
Acevì mvRv
Acevì kvejx:
1. my Acev`: hgb ejv: n RbvKvix, n mgKvgx, n jU
BZvw`|
2. BwZ ev civfve Acev`: Ggb k eenvi Kiv hv
Acev` I Ab wKQzI enb Ki| hgb: n wbK, n dvRi
BZvw`| hw` G viv Rbvi Acev` `qv Dk nq Zvnj
Acevì mvRv w`Z ne| Avi hw` Rbvi Acevì Dk bv
nq Zvnj mvaviY kvw w`Z ne|
Acevì mvRv diR nIqvi Rb kZvejx wbgic:
1. Acev` `vZv hb gyKvjvd Z_v kixqZi Avven ew nq,
BQvKZ fve Ki _vK Ges Acev`xi evev-gv hb bv nq|
2. Acev`x hb gymwjg, ^vaxb, mPwi I mnevm KiZ mg
Ggb ew nq|
3. Acev`x hb Acev` `vZvi Dci mvRv `vex Ki|
4. hb mvRv diR Ggb Rbvi Acev` `q Ges Acev` mve
bv nq Ggb|
Acevì mvRv cgvwYZ nIqv:
Acev`x wbR ^xKvi Kij A_ev Acevì c `yRb
bvqcivqY cyil mvx w`j Acev` cgvwYZ ne|
Acev` Avivci mvRv:
Acev`K I hvi bvg Acev` Avivc Kiv nq Zvì ew
wekl kvw Kg ewk ne|
Acev` AvivcKvix `yB cKvi:
c_g: hw` Acev`K ^vaxb A_ev `vm nq Avi hvi cwZ Acev`
Avivc Kviv nqQ m gynwmb nq, Zvnj Zvi kvw 80 evNvZ|
`-mvRvi Aavq
701
Acevì mvRv
wZxq: hw` gynwmb bv Ggb ewK Acev` Avivc Kiv nq Zvnj

Zvi cwZ Kvb mvRv bB| wK G _K weiZ ivLvi Rb ZvK
wZivi I frmbv KiZ ne|
gynwmb ejZ GLvb: gymwjg, ^vaxb, kwqZi Avvcv, c~Zcwe I xb`vi ew, hvi Abyic gvbyl mnevm KiZ mg|
Acevì mvRv hvi cwZ Acev` Avivc Kiv nqQ Zvi nK| G
Rb wbgi Kvhvw` Avivc ne:
gvd Kij Acevì mvRv iwnZ nq hve| Avi hvi cwZ Ac`ve
Avivc Kiv nqQ m bv PvBj mvRv Kvqg Kiv hve bv| Avi
`vmi cwZI cyiv 80 evNvZ mvRv Kvqg KiZ ne|
Acevì mvRv iwnZ nIqv:
Acev`x Rbvi K_v ^xKvi Kij A_ev Rbv cgvwYZ nj
Acevì mvRv iwnZ nq hve| Abyic Kvb ^vgx xi Dci
Rbvi Acev` `qvi ci wjAvb Kij mvRv ev` co hve|
Acevì mvRv cgvwYZ nj wK KiZ ne:
Acevì mvRv cgvwYZ nj Acev` AvivcKvixi Dci mvRv
Kvqg ne| Avi ZIev Qvov Zvi Kvb cKvi mvx MnY Kiv hve
bv Ges ZIev bv Kiv ch ZvK dvmK ej f~wlZ KiZ ne|
Rbv I mgKvwgZv bv Ggb viv KvDK Acev` w`j Zvi
weavb:
hw` Rbv ev mgKvwgZv eZxZ Ab Kvb evcvi Acev` `q
Avi m wg_yK ej cgvwYZ nq Zvnj m GKwU nvivg KvR
mv`b Kij| Ze Acevì mvRv ne bv wK wePviK mvne hv
Dchy gb Kib Zv kvw c`vb Kieb|
Rbv Qvov Ab wKQzi Acev` hgb: Kzdywi ev gybvdwK, A_ev
g`cvb wKsev Pzwi ev wLqvbZ BZvwì Acev` `qv|
`-mvRvi Aavq
702
Acevì mvRv
Acev` AvivcKvixi ZIevi wbqg:

Acev` `vZvi ZIev GMdvi Z_v Avjvni wbKU gv PvIqv
I jwZ nIqv Ges G `X msK Kiv h Avi Kvb w`b G KvR
Kie bv| Avi wbRK Acevì evcvi wg_yK ej weewPZ Kiv
703
`-mvRvi Aavq
Pzwii mvRv
3- Pywii mvRv
Pzwi: Abi wbw` cwigvYi mvb RbK wRwbm Kvb cKvi
m`n QvovB wekl vb nZ Mvcb bIqvK Pzwi ej|
Pzwi Kivi weavb:
1. Pzwi Kiv nvivg Ges Kweiv bvni Afy|
2. Bmjvg mì ndvRZi Rb wb`k KiQ Ges Zvi Dci
mecKvi AvgY Kiv nvivg KiQ| ZvB Pzwi, wQbZvB, jyb I
AvZmvr Kiv nZ wbla KiQ| KviY Gme gvbyli m` evwZj
cvq fY|
Pzwii mvRv wbaviYi wnKgZ:
Avjvn Zvqvjv Pvii nvZ KvUv diR Ki mì ndvRZ
KiQb| KviY LqvbZKvix nvZ GKwU ivMvv A hv KZb
Kiv diR hb kixi wbivc` _vK| Avi Pvii nvZ KvUvZ
iqQ hviv gvbyli m` Pzwi Kivi wPv-fvebv Ki Zvì Rb
Dc`k| Aviv iqQ Pvii cvc nZ ZvK cweKiY| G Qvov
mgvR wbivcv I kvwi bxwZmg~n my`p I wiKiY Ges DZi
mì ndvRZ|
9G 9'8 98 0 : &' :

d : 0 U +

3
9B0 " / _ @ ~ @ 2 U " f
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G S V
9 f
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0 " / _ @ ~ @ 2 U " 98 0
9G U [+ <#W # H n

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B
0
G
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2 U " << 7 0
Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, bex [] ejQb:

RbvKvix Rbv Kivi mgq gywgb _vK bv| g` cvbKvix g` cvb
Kivi mgq gywgb _vK bv| Pvi Pzwi Kivi mgq gywgb _vK bv|
wQbZvBKvixi w`K gvbyl `w DwVq `L Avi m wQbZvB KiZ
704
`-mvRvi Aavq
Pzwii mvRv
_vK G mgq m gywgb _vK bv|1

Pvii mvRv:
\ [ Z YX W V U T S R Q P O{
z ml k j i hg f e d cb a ` _^ ]

- :
cyil Pvi I bvix Pvi Zvì nvZ KU `vI Zvì KZKgi

mvRv wnmve| Avjvni c _K wkqvix| Avjvn civv,
vbgq| AZ:ci h ZIev Ki ^xq AZvPvii ci Ges mskvwaZ
nq, wbq Avjvn Zvi ZIev Keyj Kib| wbq Avjvn gvkxj,
`qvjy| [m~iv gvq`v: 38-39]
3
9'B 9 A : ! " #
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: 0 U +

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?67@.
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3
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0" /j 1 0 ` i 5 7W R
# 3
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2. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb im~jyjvn [] _K eYbv

Kib wZwb ejQb: h Pvi wWg ev `wo Pywi Ki dj Zvi nvZ
KvUv nq Zvi Dci Avjvn Zvqvjv Awfkvc Kib| 2
wbgi kZjv cvIqv Mj Pvii nvZ KvUv diR:
1. Pvi hb gyKvjvd Z_v mvevjK, weeKevb, ^Qvq Pzwi,
gymwjg ev whx nIqv|
2. PzwiKZ m` hb mvb RbK nq| AZGe, ev`h ev g`
BZvw` Pzwi Kij nvZ KvUv hve bv|
. eyLvix nv: bs 2475 k ZvBi I gymwjg nv: bs 57

`-mvRvi Aavq
705
Pzwii mvRv
3. Pzwii gvj hb nvZ KZbi bmve cwigvY nq| Avi Zv njv

GK w`bvii Pvi fvMi GK fvM ^Y I Gi AwaK| A_ev
cYmvgMx hvi g~j GK w`bvii GK PZz_vsk I Gi AwaK|
4. Mvcb fve m` bIqv nZ ne| hw` Ggb bv nq Zvnj
nvZ KvUv hve bv| hgb: cKUgvix, wQbZvB, jyb BZvw`
GjvZ kvw iqQ|
5. gvwjKi msiwZ vb nZ wbq mLvb _K PU `qv|
Avi msiwZ vb ejZ hLvb m` msiY Kiv nq| msiY
vb Av`Z I c_v Abymvi wfb nZ cvi| Avi msiY cwZwU
gvji wfwZ nq _vK| AZGe, Ni-evwo, evsK, `vKvb m`
msiYi vb hgb: ckvjv QvMj-fovi BZvwì Rb
msiYi vb|
6. Pvii Kvb cKvi m`n-mskq hb bv _vK| AZGe, evc`v`v I gv-`v`x I bvbx BZvw` Dcii ev Qj-gq BZvw` wbPi
h Kviv gvj Pywi Kij nvZ KvUv hve bv| GfvK ^vgx-xi KD
Kviv m` Pzwi Kij Kviv nvZ KvUv hve bv| Abyic KD
zavi KviY Pzwi KijI nvZ KvUv ne bv|
7. PzwiKZ gvji gvwjKi c _K Zvi Ave`b _vKZ ne|
8. Pzwii cgvY nIqv, Gi `yB Aevq nZ cvi:
(K) Pvii c _K `yevi ^xKvivw|
(L) `yRb bvqcivqY cyili c _K Zvi evcvi mv c`vb|
Pywi mve nj wK KiZ ne:
1. Pvii Dci `ywU nK| GKwU wekl nK Avi Zv njv: PzwiKZ
gvj hw` cvIqv hvq A_ev Abyic wKsev Zvi g~j hw` b nq
hvq| Avi Zvi Dci AciwU nKwU njv: mvaviY nK hv Avjvni
`-mvRvi Aavq
706
Pzwii mvRv
nK| Avi mwU nQ Zvi nvZ KZb hw` mKj kZvejx cvIqv hvq
A_ev mvaviY kvw hw` mKj kZejx bv c~Y nq|
2. hw` nvZ KvUv diR nq Zvnj Zvi Wvb nvZ Kw ch KvUZ
ne| Avi Mig Zj Wyweq ev hv viv i e nq Ggb wRwbm
w`q i Siv e KiZ ne| Avi Zvi Dci Aviv KiYxq njv:
PzwiKZ gvj A_ev Zvi e`j gvwjKK diZ w`Z ne| Avi
wePvicwZi wbKU wePvi cuQvi ci Pzwii evcvi mycvwik Kiv
nvivg|
3. hw` wZxqevi Pzwi Ki Zvnj Zvi evg cvqi cvZvi AaK
KU w`Z ne| hw` Gici Avevi Pzwi Ki Zvnj Rj Ave
Ki ivLZ ne Ges ZIev bv Kiv ch kvw w`Z ne wK Avi
KvUv hve bv|
cKUgvii nvZ KvUZ ne; KviY m cKU BZvw` KU
Mvcb m` niY Ki| hw` PzwiKZ gvj nvZ KvUvi bmve
cwigvY nq KviY m msiwZ vb _K Pzwi KiQ|
Pzwii bmve-cwigvY:
GK w`bvii1 Pvi fvMi GKfvM I Gi AwZwi A_ev Zv
eivei cY mvgMx|
` + W 1 # ` i 5 a : ! " #
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&' <
d R K

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]1
[W 0;
Avqkv (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: bex [] ejQb:GK

PZz_vsk I Gi AwZwi w`bvi nvZ KvUv hve|2
.GK w`bvi cvq mvqv Pvi Mvg ^Y| Abyev`K

707
`-mvRvi Aavq
Pzwii mvRv
m`n _vKj mvRv iwnZ Kivi weavb:

hw` Pvi Pzwii ^xKvi Ki Avi Zvi m Zv bv cvIqv hvq
Zvnj wePviK mvne Zvi ^xKvivw _K ZvK cZveZb Kivi
Rb Dc`k wèb| hw` Abo _vK Ges Zvi ^xKvivw nZ bv
wdi Zvnj Zvi nvZ KU w`Z ne| Avi hw` Pvi wbR ^xKvi
Kivi ci A^xKvi Ki Zvnj nvZ KvUv hve bv| KviY mvRvmg~n
mskq I m`ni KviY wdivZ nq|
evBZzj gvj (miKvix KvlvMvi) _K Pzwi Kij Zvi weavb:
h ew evBZzj gvj Z_v ivR^ fvvi _K Pzwi Ki ZvK
kvw Ges Abyic A_` KiZ ne nvZ KvUv Pje bv| Abyic
KD hw` MwbgZ ev GK cgvsk nZ Pzwi Ki|
avii wRwbm A^xKviKvixi weavb:
avii e A^xKvixi nvZ KvUv diR; KviY BnvI Pzwii ga
kvwgj|
j 1 O
T
a"
7S l
A 7B
a RX '#@ "8V
@ X: @ :Z
g Z
<
d R K

. B@ bc...
U1 0 ` i 5 a J ! " #

$%
&' @ mW
Avqkv (iv:) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb: GKRb gvLhygx gwnjv

Avmevec avi wbq A^xKvi KiZ| ZvB bex [] Zvi nvZ KvUvi
Rb wb`k Kib|-----1
Pzwii gvji weavb:
Pvii ZIev c~Y nIqvi Rb PzwiKZ gvj Zvi gvwjKK
RvgvbZ w`Z ne hw` b Ki dj| hw` m`kvjx nq Zvnj
gvwjKK diZ wè Avi hw` Ag nq Zvnj cwikvai Rb
`-mvRvi Aavq
708
Pzwii mvRv
myhvM w`Z ne| Avi hw` PzwiKZ m` nvwRi _vK Ze Zv Zvi

gvwjKK diZ wè| Avi Bnv Zvi ZIev mnxn nIqvi Rb kZ|
cvKovI Kivi c~e h ZIev Kie Zvi weavb:
hvi cwZ Pzwi ev Rbv A_ev g` cbi mvRv diR ne| hw`
wePviKi wbKU cgvwYZ nIqvi c~e m ZIev Ki Zvnj mvRv
iwnZ nq hve| Avi Avjvn Zvqvjv ZvK XK ivLvi ci Zvi
Rb wbRK cKvk Kiv ea bq| wK Zvi KiYxq njv PzwiKZ
m` diZ w`Z ne|
`-mvRvi Aavq
709
ivnvRvwb BZvwì mvRv
4- ivnvRvwb, WvKvwZ, wQbZvB, moK-Rj`myi mvRv

WvKvZ hviv c_-NvU, gif~wgZ I evwo-Ni I evm
BZvw`Z A-m wbq gvbyli Dci AvgY Ki Zvì gvj
cKvk fve Rvic~eK bq, Mvcb Pzwi Ki bv| ZvìK
gynvwie Z_v hyKvix-we`vnx ejv nq|
ivnRvwbì cwiPq:
h ew Zvi A cKvk Ki Ges ivvq fq-fxwZ c`kb
Ki| Avi Zvi iqQ wbRi ev Abvb wewfb cKvi `j I Mvxi
kw| hgb: nZv Kv NUvbvi `j, WvKvZ `j hviv Ni-evwo I
evsK WvKvwZ Ki| AcniYKvix `j hviv hyeZxì m Rbv
Kivi Rb AcniY Ki| Avi QvU evPvì AcniYKvix BZvw`
`j| GivB nj ivnvRvbx I `my `j|
w`vn Kivi weavb:
gif~wgZ ev evwo-Ni wKsev hvbevnb Lyb-Lvivwe, BZ b
I m` BZvw` WvKvwZ Kivi Rb gvbyli Dci AaviYK
we`vn ejv nq| Gi ga Avme hme KvR ivvq, evwoNi,
evm, ij MvwoZ, RvnvR I wegvb NU _vK| PvB Zv A viv
AvZ mw Ki nvK ev weviK è cuyZ iL nvK wKsev Nievwo Dwoq w`q nvK A_ev Avb Rvwjq ev cYe`x Ki nvK|
Bnv mePq RNb Aciva| ZvB Gi mvRv-` mePq KwVb I
k|
WvKvwZ I wQbZvB BZvwì mvRv:
WvKvwZ I wQbZvB BZvwì Pvi Aev:
1. hw` nZv Ki m` bq Zvnj ZvìK nZv Ki Ges k~j
PovZ ne|
`-mvRvi Aavq
710
2. Avi hw` nZv Ki Ges gvjvgvj bv bq Zvnj nZv KiZ

ne Ze k~j PovZ ne bv|
3. Avi hw` nZv QvovB ay gvjvgvj bq Zvnj Zvì cZKi
Wvb nvZ I evg cv KU w`Z ne|
4. Avi hw` nZv bv Ki Ges Kvb gvjvgvj MnY bv Ki eis
cw_Kì fq-fxwZ c`kb Ki Zvnj `k _K ewnvi KiZ
ne| Avi ivcwZ Zvì evcvi GRZnv` Ki hv Zvì I
Abvbì G aibi RNb KvR nZ weiZ ivLvi Rb Dchy ZvB
Kieb| Avi Bnv mecKvi Awb I AbvPvi Ges wechqi
g~jvrcvUbi Rb|
cb a ` _ ~ } | { z y x w
q po n m l k j ih g f e d
z ~ } | { z y xwv u t s r
- :
hviv Avjvn I Zuvi im~ji mv_ msMvg Ki Ges `k nvvgv

mw KiZ mP nq, Zvì kvw nQ GB h, ZvìK nZv Kiv
ne A_ev k~jxZ Povbv ne A_ev Zvì nc`mg~n wecixZ
w`K _K KU `qv ne A_ev `k _K ewnvi Kiv ne| GwU
njv Zvì Rb cvw_e jvbv Avi ciKvj Zvì Rb iqQ
KVvi kvw| wK hviv Zvgvì MdZvii c~e ZIev Ki;
Rb ivL, Avjvn gvKvix, `qvjy| [m~iv gvq`v: 33-34]
9@ _ 96 ! " #
$%
I' $
M 1 :

@ 2+ K
#W / R 1 '[ ( +H 2am 0 J U @ mW / R 01S "2 7b W / 2S ! mW /(

`-mvRvi Aavq
711
A W /( +. 24 7! " <a

247 " "&1a W / 2&O[
W 24A 6 W / <" <2+
< S 9tBO
0 ' E4 < #
( S ! " / < b " < 01 0 ` i 5 W < + am4W U E W
.#
?67@.
2a@ $'7G
2. Avbvm Beb gvwjK [] KZK ewYZ wZwb ejb: DK&j Mvi
wKQz gvbyl bex []-Gi wbKU Gm Bmjvg MnY Kij| Gw`K
g`xbvi AvenvIqv Zvì AbyKzj njv bv dj im~ijvn []
ZvìK Q`Kvi DUi vb hvIqvi Av`k Kib Ges mLvb
wMq (wPwKrmvi Rb) DUi `ya I ckve cvb KiZ ejb| Zviv
ZvB Kij Ges myI
njv| AZ:ci Zviv gyiZv` nq coj Ges
DUi ivLvjìK nZv Ki DU wbq fvMZ jvMj| ZLb
im~jvn [] ZvìK MdZvi Kivi Rb wKQz gvbylK ciY
Kijb| ZvìK Avbv njv Ges Zvì nvZ I cv KU Ìqv
njv| Avi Zvì PvLK Dco djv njv| Gici Zvì i
ei eev Kiv njv bv dj Zviv kl ch gviv Mj| 1
WvKvwZ I wQbZvB BZvwì mvRv diRi kZvejx:
1. WvKvZ-wQbZvBKvixK mvevjK, weeKevb, gymwjg A_ev whx 2
nZ ne, PvB m cyil nvK ev gwnjv nvK|
2. h gvj MnY Ki Zv mvb RbK m` nZ ne|
3. gvj Kg nvK ev ewk nvK msiwZ vb nZ bIqv nZ
ne|
4. WvKvwZ ev wQbZvB Kivi ^xKvivw ev `yRb bvqcvivqY
ewi mv c`vb|
5. Kvb cKvi mskq I m`n bv _vKv hgb:Pzwii evcvi DjL
Kiv nqQ|
1

. Bmjvgx iv wRwhqv Ki`vZv Agymwjg bvMwiK| Abyev`K
`-mvRvi Aavq
712
`k _K ewnvi Kivi cwZ:

WvKvZ I wQbZvBKvix BZvwìv hw` gvbylK fq c`kb Ki
Ges nZv bv NUvq I Kvb m` bv bB, Zvnj ZvìK `k
_K ewnvi KiZ ne| h vb Zviv WvKvwZ-wQbZvB Kie
mLvb _K ewnvi KiZ ne hvZ Ki gvbyl _K Zvì
Awb `~i nq Ges Zviv AvZwZ nq|
Avi KLbv e`x iLI nZ cvi; KviY e`x `ywbqvi
RjLvbv Ges e`x ivLv `k _K ewnvii gZB| Avi e`x ivLv
Zvì Awb _K euvPvi ewk KhKi| hw` `k _K ewnvi viv
Zvì Awb _K euvPv me nq Zvnj ewnvi KiZ ne| Avi
hw` ewnvi me bv nq Zvnj ZvìK e`x ivLZ ne, hvZ
Ki gvbyl _K Zvì Awb `~i nq|
we`vnxì ZIev:
WvKvZ, `my, ivnvRvbxì h MdZvii c~e ZIev Kie Zvi
_K Avjvni h nK wQj Zv iwnZ nq hve| hgb: ewnvi,
KZb, k~jx, AvekKxq nZv| Avi gvbyli hv nK Zvi cwZkva
wbZ ne PvB Zv Rxeb, Pz I m` hvB nvK| wK hw` ZvK
gv Ki Ìqv nq| Avi hw` ZIevi c~e MdZvi Kiv nq Ze
Zvi cwZ `wewa evevqb KiZ ne|
AvZivi cwZ:
h ew wbRi Rxeb ev cwievi cwiRb wKsev gvbyl ev c
m` iv Kie m hb Zvi aviYvq hv mnR Zv viv cwZnZ
Ki| AZ:ci hw` nZv eZxZ Ab wKQz viv weiZ bv nq Zvnj
m ZvB Kie, ZvZ Zvi cwZ Kvb RvgvbZ eZve bv| hw`
cwZivKvixK nZv Kiv nq Zvnj m knx` nq hve|
`-mvRvi Aavq
713
wR`xKi weavb:
wR`xK: h evBi Bmjvg cKvk Ki Avi wfZi KzdywiK Mvcb
ivL ZvK wR`xK ej| wR`xK Avjvn Zvqvjv I Zuvi im~ji
m hyKvix| Avi wR`xKi Revb viv Bmjvgi wei hy Kiv
nvZ I A-k viv WvKvwZ-ivnvRvbxi PqI KwVb; KviY Gi
mgmv m` I kixii ga mxgve| wK wR`xKi mgmv Ai
I Cgvbi wfZii mv_ mK| AZGe, ZvK MdZvii c~e
hw` m ZIev Ki Zvnj Zvi ZIev Keyj Kiv ne Ges Zvi
iK ndvRZ Kiv ne| Avi hw` MdZvi Kivi ci ZIev Ki
Zvnj Zvi ZIev MnY Kiv ne bv Ges ZIev Zje Kiv QvovB
ZvK nZv KiZ ne|
714
`-mvRvi Aavq
we`vnxì mvRv
5-we`vnxì `-mvRv
eyMvZ Aviwe k Gi GKePb evMx hvi A_: Ggb GK
Mvx hvì wbRì kw I gZv iqQ| hviv ivca vbi
wei Zvì gZ RvqR Kvb KviY gb Ki we`vn Ki|
Zviv Pvq ZuvK wePzZ KiZ A_ev Zvi weivwaZv I AvbyMZ
bv KiZ|
we`vnxì cwiPq:
cwZwU Mvx hviv Zvì cwZ AwcZ nK c`vb evav `q
A_ev gymjgvbì Bgvg _K c_K nq co wKsev Zvi AvbyMZ
_K wePzwZ nq ZvivB njv we`vnx Rvjg `j| we`vnxiv
gymjgvb Kvdi bq|
we`vnxì m AvPiYi cwZ:
1. we`vnxiv ivcavbi wei we`vn Kij wZwb Zvì m
cvjvc Kieb Ges Zviv Zuvi wK kvw Pvq Zv wRvmv Kieb|
hw` Kvb Ryjygi K_v DjL Ki Zvnj wZwb Zv `~i Kieb| Avi
hw` Kvb mskq `vex Ki Zvnj Zv cKvk Ki wè|
hw` wdi Avm Zvnj fvj bqj ZvìK IqvR-bwmnZ Ges
nZvi fq `Lveb| Zvi ciI hw` AUj _vK Ze Zvì m
hy Kieb| Ggb Aevq ivcwZK mvnvh-mnhvwMZv KiZ ne
hZY Zvì Awb `~iv bv nq Ges drbv wbg~j bv nq|
2. hLb ivca vb Zvì m hy Kieb ZLb hb Ggb Kvb
fvix A hgb:asmvZK evgv eenvi bv Kib eis mvaviY fve
nZv Pvjveb bv| Zvì mvb, cjvqbKvix, AvnZ I hviv hy
ZvM KiQ ZvìK nZv Kiv RvqR ne bv| Avi Zvì hvK
hye`x Kiv nqQ ZvìK drbv bv wbfv ch AvUK ivLeb|
`-mvRvi Aavq
715
we`vnxì mvRv
Zvì gvjvgvj MwbgZ wnmve bqv hve bv Ges Zvì

mvbìK hye`x Kiv hve bv|
3. hy e Ges drbv wbf hvIqvi ci hyKvwjb Zvì h mg
m` b nqQ Zvi wZc~iY w`Z ne bv| Avi Zvì gvS
hvìK nZv Kiv nqQ Zvi Kvb RvgvbZI jvMe bv| Avi hy
PjvKvwjb h mg m` I Rxeb Lvqv MQ ZvivI mjvi
RvgvbZ è bv|
`ywU `j Avcvm hy Kij wK Kiv IqvwRe:
hw` `ywU `j Avcvm ^RbcxwZ ev bZZ I KZZi Rb hy
Ki Zvnj Zviv `ycB Rvjg| Avi cZKB Abi hv asm
KiQ Zv RvgvbZ c`vb Kie|
u t s r q pon m l k j i{
~}| { z y x w v
:
z
hw` gywgbì `yB `j hy wj nq co, Ze Zvgiv Zvì

ga gxgvsmv Ki wè| AZ:ci hw` Zvì GK`j Aci `ji
Dci PovI nq, Ze Zvgiv AvgYKvix `ji wei hy Kie;
h ch bv Zviv Avjvni wb`ki w`K wdi Avm| hw` wdi
Avm, Ze Zvgiv Zvì ga bvqvbyM cvq gxgvsmv Ki wè
Ges Bbmvd Kie| wbq Avjvn BbmvdKvixìK cQ`
Kib| [m~iv RyivZ: 9]
9@ :4 29450 ! " #
$%
2! Z
A S ! : R T
W

3
I960 " g4 9[
'?9K0 J 1 900 1C G " ( b $
`_ #Sb g4 @ " g4 a
. B@ bc
.j 247 W 4 7
Sb
`-mvRvi Aavq
716
we`vnxì mvRv
2. AvidvRv [] nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb: Avwg im~jyjvn []K

ejZ bwQ: Zvgiv GKRb `ki Bgvg Z_v iv cavbi mwnZ
GK RvgvZe _vKv Aev hw` KD Zvì kwK fsZ Pvq
A_ev Zvgvì RvgvZK wef KiZ Pvq Zvnj ZvK nZv
Ki| 1
Bmjvgx `ki ivca vbi wei we`vn Kivi weavb:
1. GKRb `ki Bgvg ùvo Kivbv xbi weivU GK diR| ZvB
Zuvi AevaZv I wei we`vn Kiv nvivg hwÌ wZwb Abvq I
Ryjyg Kib| hZY wZwb Avjvni `wjj viv my Ggb Kvb
Kzdywi bv Kib ZZY ZuvK Agvb Kiv hve bv| PvB Zvi
BgvgvZ wbevPb gymjgvbì BRgv viv nvK A_ev Zuvi c~ei
whwb `ki Bgvg wQjb Zvi gvidZ wbqvM nvK| wKsev
Avnjyj nvwj Iqvj AvK` Z_v c~Y KZZ I wbqvMi
AwaKvix bZeMi GRZnv` viv A_ev Zuvi Pvci gyL
RbMY ZuvK gb wbqQ Ges Bgvg ej WvKv i KiQ
Ggb| Zuvi dvmwKi KviY ZuvK AcmviY Kiv hve bv| wK
hw` my Kzdywi Ki hvi `wjj Avjvni c _K Avgvì
wbKU mymve|
2. `ki Bgvgi weivwaZvKvixiv nq ivnvRvwb A_ev we`vnx
wKsev LviRx ej weewPZ ne| Avi LviRxiv cvwcì
Kvdi dZvqv `q Ges gymjgvbì icvZ I m`K
nvjvj gb Ki| GivB dvmK Zvì m hy iv Kiv ea|
GivB wZb cKvi LviRx `j hviv `ki Bgvgi AvbyMZ
_K ei nq hvq| Gì gai hviv gviv hve Zvì gZz
ne RvnwjqvZi gZz|
.gymwjg nvt bs 1852
`-mvRvi Aavq
717
we`vnxì mvRv
gymjgvbì ivcwZi cwZ wK IqvwRe:

1. gymwjgì Bgvg cyil nIqv IqvwRe| Kvb gwnjv `ki
Bgvg Z_v cavb nIqvi hvM bq| bex [] ejb
6 0
.zV j".: @ U @ 2" M_ 2 u
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2. `ki Bgvgi cwZ Aviv diR njv: `ki RbMYi
KjvYKvgx nIqv| Zvì cwZ Kvb wKQz KwVb bv Kiv| Avi
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m Zvi RbMYi mwnZ avKvevwR Ki gviv hvq, Avjvn Zvqvjv
Zvi Rb RvbvZK nvivg Ki `b| 2
Avjvni bvdigvwb bv Ggb KvR `ki ivca vbi AvbyMZ
Kiv DZi Dci IqvwRe|
`-mvRvi Aavq
718
we`vnxì mvRv
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Ges Zvgvì ga hviv `vwqZkxj Zvì| Zvici hw` Zvgiv
Kvb welq weev` ce nq co, Zvnj Zv Avjvn I Zuvi im~ji
cwZ cZvcY Ki-hw` Zvgviv Avjvn I kl wèmi Dci wekvmx
nq _vK| Avi GUvB KjvYKi Ges cwiYwZi w`K _K Dg|
[ m~iv wbmv: 59]
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wZwb [] ejQb: gymwjg ewi Dci diR njv cQÀcQ` mKj evcvi bv Ges AvbyMZ Kiv| wK Kvb
bvdigvwb KvRi wb`k cvjbxq bq| hw` Kvb bvdigvwbi
Av`k Ki Zvnj m evcvi bv I AvbyMZ Kiv Pje
bv|1
mvRv diR Ggb AcivaKvixi ZIev:
hw` ZvK MdZvii ci ZIev Ki Zvnj Zvi mvRv iwnZ
ne bv| wK hw` MdZvii c~e ZIev Ki Zvnj Zvi ZIev
Keyj Kiv hve Ges Zvi mvRvI iwnZ nq hve| Avi Bnv njv
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cba ` _ ~ } | { z y x w
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KiZ mP nq, Zvì kvw nQ GB h, ZvìK nZv Kiv ne
A_ev k~jxZ Povbv ne A_ev Zvì nc`mg~n wecixZ w`K
_K KU `qv ne A_ev `k _K ewnvi Kiv ne| GwU
njv Zvì Rb cvw_e jvbv Avi ciKvj Zvì Rb iqQ
KVvi kvw| wK hviv Zvgvì MdZvii c~e ZIev Ki;
Rb ivL, Avjvn gvKvix, `qvjy| [m~iv gvq`v: 33-34]
v u t s r q p o n m l k j{
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Avi hviv cvc Ki| AZ:ci ZIev Ki Ges Cgvb Avb| wbqB
Zvgvi cwZcvjK Gici gvkxj I `qvjy| [m~iv Avivd: 153]
`-mvRvi Aavq
720
mvaviY kvw c`vb
ZvRxi mvaviY kvw c`vb Kiv

ZvRxi ejv nq: h evcvi Kvb wbw` mvRv I Kvddviv bq
m welq cvwcì Dci Awbw` Kvb kvw c`vb Kiv|
cvci kvwjv wZb cKvi:
1. hvi wbw` mvRv iqQ hgb: Rbv, Pzwi, BQvKZ nZv|
Gjvi ga Kvb Kvddviv ev ZvRxi bB|
2. hvi Kvddviv iqQ wK mvRv bvB hgb: Bnivg Aevq I
igRvb gvmi w`b xi m mnevm Kiv Ges fyj Ki nZv
Kiv|
3. hvi bv AvQ wbw` mvRv Avi bv AvQ Kvb Kvddviv| Gic
KvR iqQ kvw c`vb|
mvaviY kvw c`vb eaKiYi wnKgZ:
Avjvn Zvqvjv wbw` `wewa I mvRv ceZb KiQb hvi Kgekx Kiv Pje bv| Avi Gjv H mKj Acivai Dci hv
DZi xb, Rxeb, m`, BZ-mvb I weeKi ndvRZi
ewnf~Z KvR| Avi H jvi RbB ceZb KiQb evav I
wbqYKvix `wewa I mvRv| mjv Ggb g~j e I Dcv`vb hv
eZxZ DZi Rxeb hvcb Kiv Ame| ZvB mjvi ndvRZi
wbwg Kvqg Kiv nqQ `wewa I mvRvmg~n|
Avi Gjv mvRv I `wewai Rb iqQ kZvejx I bxwZgvjv|
KLbv Gi Ggb wKQz AvQ hv cgvwYZ bv nj wbw` mvRv nZ
wePviK hv DwPZ gb Kib Ggb Awbw` mvRvq cwieZb nq
hvq| GjvK ejv nq ZvRxi Z_v mvaviY kvwmg~n| Avi
mjv nQ Ggb cwZwU cvc hv Avjvn Zvqvjv wbw` Kvb mvRv
wbaviY Kib bvB eis Awbw` iL w`qQb|
721
`-mvRvi Aavq
mvaviY kvw c`vb
mvaviY kvw c`vbi Kzg:

h mKj cvci wbw` Kvb mvRv I Kvddviv bq mjvZ
kvw `qv IqvwRe| PvB Zv Kvb nvivg KiY nvK ev IqvwRediR ZvM Kiv nvK| hgb:Kvb bvixi `n _K Ggb DcfvM
Kiv, hvi Kvb wbw` mvRv bq| Ggb Pzwi Kiv hvi nvZ KZb bvB
Ges Ggb Aciva hvi Kvb Kmvm bvB| Abyic bvixì
mgKvwgZv, Rbv Qvov Ab wKQz viv Acev` `qv BZvw`| A_ev
kw-gZv _vKvi ciI Kvb IqvwR-diR ZvM Kiv| hgb: FY
cwikva bv Kiv, AvgvbZ Av`vq bv Kiv, jybKZ gvj I Ryjyg
BZvw` wdwiq bv Ìqv| Avi h ew Ggb cvc Kie hvi wbw`
Kvb mvRv bq| AZ:ci m ZIev KiZ: jwZ Aevq Avme
Zvi Dci Kvb kvw bvB|
mvaviY kvwi cKvimg~n:

1. Avè I ZiweqZi Rb kvw c`vb: hgb: evev-gv Zvì
mvbìK, ^vgx xK, gvwjK Lv`gK Kvb cvcKg QvovB
Avè Ìqv| G aiYi kvw `k PveyKi ewk Ìqv hve
bv| KviY be []-Gi evYx:
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cqvRb I DcKviv_ Ges cvci cwigvY wnmve I Kg-ekxi
KviY wePviKi Rb ekx Kiv RvqR AvQ| wK hw` Ggb
cvc nq hvi mvRv kwiqZ KZK wbw` iqQ m evcvi
. eyLvix nvt bs 6850 k ZviB I gymwjg nv bs 1708
`-mvRvi Aavq
722
mvaviY kvw c`vb
AwZwi ewk mvRv cv`vb Kiv ea bq| hgb: Rbv I Pzwi

BZvw`|
kvw c`vbi cwZ:
kvw c`vb AbKjv kvwi mg^q| i ne IqvR-bwmnZ,
cwiZvM, agwK, fq-fxwZ c`kb Ges `vwqZ _K AevnwZ viv|
Avi kl ne k kvw viv hgb: Rj Ave I PveyK gviv|
KLbv Avevi mvaviY gji cqvRb nZv vivI kvw c`vb nZ
cvi| hgb: Mvq`v, we`vZx I gvivZK AcivaxK nZv Kiv|
Avevi KLbv cPvii gvag ev A_` wKsev wbevmb viv kvw
c`vb Kiv nZ cvi|
mvaviY kvw:
mvaviY kvw c`vb wbw` Kvb mvRv bq| wePviK gjx
Acivaxi Rb hgb Dchy gb Kieb kZ gvZvKe kvw
wbaviY Kieb| hgb:Avjvn hv Av`k ev wbla KiQb Zvi
ewnf~Z bv nq hvi eYbv c~e nqQ| Avi Gjv vb, Kvj, ew,
cvc Ges Aevf` wewfb aiYi nZ cvi|
bkvMi kvw:
mg mvRv hv kwiqZ Acivai Dci wbaviY KiQ ZvZ
Kvb cKvi Kg-ewk Kiv Pje bv| bkvMi kvw mvaviY
kvwi Afy| mybZ viv Gi mePq Kg msLv njv 40
evNvZ hvi Pq Kg Kiv hve bv| Ze ivcwZi Rb Gi Pq
ewk Kiv RvqR AvQ hw` wZwb GZ DcKvi gb Kib|
g` cvbKvixi kvw mvaviY kvwi AMZ wbw` `-mvRv bq;
KviY Gi mvRv bv KziAvb Avi bv mybZ DjL nqQ| Avi
mvnvevMY wbKU Kvb g` cvqxK wbq Avmv nj Zuviv LRyii
Wvj I mj-RyZv BZvw` viv cnvi KiZb| hw` Gi Kvb
723
`-mvRvi Aavq
mvaviY kvw c`vb
wbw` mvRv nZv Zvnj Abvb mvRvi gZ Gi mvRv wbw` Kiv

nZ|
bex []-Gi hyM g` cvqxK cvq 40 evNvZ Kiv nZ| Abyic
Avey eKi []-Gi LjvdZ AvgjI| Avi hLb g` cvqx gvbyli
msLv eo Mj ZLb Dgvi dviK [] g` cvqxK 80 evNvZ
Kib| Dgvi [] mvnvevì mv_ civgk Ki mePq Acevì
nvjKv mvRvi mv_ wgwjq Kib| hw` g` cvbi wbw` Kvb mvRv
_vKZ Zvnj Dgvi [] ev Ab KD Zvi mxgv AwZg KiZ
cviZb bv; KviY `wewa AcwieZbkxj| Gi viv my nq Mj
h, g` cvqxi kvw ZvRxi (mvaviY kvw) nv (wbw` mvRv) bq|
g` njv: h Kvb cvbxq è hv weeKK AvQvw`Z I XK
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g` mg `ygi g~j| mefve Gi eenvi nvivg| hgb: cvb
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hvi KviY m Ggb mKj KvR Ki hv Zvi kixi, AvZv, m`,
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724
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NU wbeva-nvejvgx I cvMjvgx Ges kixi Aek-cvNvZM

(Raralysis) Avi mw nq Abvq Kivi cwZ cP AvMn|
bkvq iqQ wKQz gRv I gvZvjZv hvi dj cv_K vb jvc
cvq| ZvB g` cvbKvix m wK ej eyS bv| Avi G RbB Bmjvg
Gi cvb Kiv nvivg Ki w`qQ Ges h Kvb fve Gi mv_ RwoZ
ewi Rb kvw cYqb KiQ|
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kimg~n Gme kqZvbi Acwe Kvh ea bq| AZGe, Gjv
_K euP _vK- hvZ Zvgiv KjvYcv nI| kqZvb Zv Pvq,
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mvwiZ Ki w`Z Ges Avjvni iY I mvjvZ _K ZvgvìK
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`-mvRvi Aavq
725
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gywgb _vK bv| Pvi Pywi Kivi mgq gywgb _vK bv| jyUiv jyU Ki
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1. g` cvqxi ^xKvivw viv|
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1. hw` Kvb gymwjg ew BQvKZ fve G K_v Rvb h ewk
cvb Kij bkv nq Zvnj ZvK 40 PveyK gviZ ne| Avi
ivcwZ hw` `Lb h gvbyl g` cvb Wye coQ Zvnj wZwb
PvBj kvwi Rb 80 PveyK ch cnvi KiZ cvib|
2. h ew c_gevi cvb Kie Zvi g` cvbi PveyK gviZ ne|
wZxqevi hw` cvb Ki ZvnjI PveyK gviZ ne| ZZxqevi cvb
Kij PveyK gviZ ne| wK hw` PZz_evi cvb Ki Zvnj Bgvg
ZvK Rj Lvbvq AvUK ivLe A_ev Rb mvaviYi ndvRZ I
wechq e Kivi Rb ZvK nZv Kie|
3. h ew g` cvb Ki ZIev QvovB gviv hve m RvbvZ cek
KijI ciKvj RvbvZx kive cvb KiZ cvie bv| Avi kive
Avm ew RvbvZ cek Kie bv| Avi h ew cvb Ki
bkvM nq co Zvi Pwjk w`bi mvjvZ Keyj nq bv Ges Ggb
Aevq gviv Mj Rvnvbvg cek Kie| Avi hw` ZIev Ki
Zvnj Avjvn Zvi ZIev Keyj Kib| Avi h evievi cvb Kie
Avjvn ZvK wKqvgZi w`b Rvnvbvgxì im Z_v i-cuyR cvb
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Rvqkvb _K AvMgb Ki| m bex []K Zvì `k fyv
viv evbvbv wgR&i bvgi kvive cvb Kivi evcvi wRvmv
Ki| bex [] ejb: IwK bkvM Ki? m ejj, nuv| bex
[] ejjb: cwZwU bkvM wRwbm nvivg| wbqB hviv kvive
cvb Kie Avjvn ZvìK ZxbvZzj Lvevj cvb Kiveb|
Zviv (mvnvevMb) ejjb, n Avjvni im~j! ZxbvZzj Lvevj
wK? wZwb [] ejjb:Rvnvbvgxì Nvg A_ev Rvnvbvgxì
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`ywbqvZ kvive cvb Ki ZIev Qvov gviv hve m AvLivZ Zv
nZ ewZ ne|2
ivcwZi Rb kivei cv fvsPzi Kiv I g`cvqxì vb
Rvwjq `qv RvqR| Avi Bnv cvb Kiv _K weiZ ivLv Ges
wZivii Rb ne| wZwb hgb cqvRb gb Kieb ZvB
wb`k wèb|

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727
mvaviY kvw c`vb
gv`Kèi weavb:
gv`Kè kixiK asm Ki dj Ges Mvq I weeK Aek
I AjmZv mw Ki| Bnv GK RwUj I KwVb ivM hv wewfb aibi
Awb I ivMi KviY nq ùvovq| Gi MnY, cvPviKiY, cPvicmvi KiY, eemv-evwYR meB nvivg| Avi ivca vb nZv A_ev
PveyK wKsev RjnvRZ ev A_ Rwigvbv hv Dchy gb Kieb Zv
vi kvw wèb| Gi viv Awb I wechq `~ixf~Z ne Ges Rxeb,
m`, BZ-mvb I weeKi ndvRZ ne|
gv`Kè MnYKvixì kvw:
gv`Kèi fqvenZv ecvK I Gi asmvZK wZi Rb wKQz
gvbei Djvgve`y wbgi dZvqv c`vb KiQb:
1. gv`Kèi cvPviKvixi kvw nZv; KviY Gi wZ I Awb
AbK eo|
2. gv`Kèi KbvePv ev cZKiY A_ev Avg`vwbKiY wKsev
KvDK DcXKb `qv BZvw`| c_gevii cPvi-cmviKvixK
KwVb kvw c`vb Kiv ne| hgb: Rj Ave Ki ev PveyK gi
wKsev A_` viv A_ev PveyK I A_` DfqUv viv Gme
wePvicwZi ivqi Dci wbfi Kie| Avi hw` evievi Ki Zvnj
DZ _K Awb `~i Kivi Rb cqvRb nZvI Kiv hZ cvi;
KviY m Rwgb wechq mwKvixì Afy|
AembKvix I Drmvn-Dxcbv wwgZKvix wRwbmi weavb:
Gme wRwbm kixi Ajm I Aemb mw Ki| hgb: a~gcvb
Z_v wewo-wmMviU, PziU, uKv BZvw` Ges ZvgvK, j, R`v I
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LvIqv| GjvZ bkv nq bv Ges weeKI jvc cvq bv| Gme
nvivg; KviY GZ iqQ kvixwiK, A_bwZK I gvbwmK wZ|
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728
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w`q bex []-Gi wbKU Gm ZuvK ejj: ZLb Avjvn Zvqvjv
bvwRj Kijb:Avi mvjvZ Kvqg Ki w`bi `ycv Ges ivZiI
cvfvM| wbq bK Avgj cvcivwRK `~i Ki `q|
[m~iv n~`:114] gvbylwU ejj: n Avjvni im~j! Bnv wK aygv
Avgvi Rb? wZwb [] ejjb: Avgvi DZi mKji Rb|1
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729
gyiZvì kvw
wiZ Z_v Bmjvg agZvM

gyiZv` njv: h ^Qvq Bmjvg MnY Kivi ci ev Kvb cyivZb
gymwjgi Kvdi nq hIqv|
gyiZvì weavb:
Avmj Kvdii Pq gyiZvì Kzdywi Pig KwVb| gyiZv` hw`
ZIev bv Ki Zvnj `ywbqvZ Zvi Kzg njv nZv Ges
DivwaKvix ne bv I KvDK DivwaKvi evbve bv| Avi hLb
gviv hve ZLb Zvi mg m` evqZzjgvj Rgv ne| Avi
AvLivZ Zvi Kzg wPiqx Rvnvbvgx:
s r q p o n m l k j i h{
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Aevq gZzeiY Kie, `ywbqv I AvLivZ Zvì hveZxq Avgj
web nq hve| Avi ZvivB njv Rvnvbvgx| ZvZ Zviv wPiKvj
evm Kie| [m~iv evKviv: 217]
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xbK ewieZb Ki ZvK Zvgiv nZv Ki|1
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730
gyiZvì kvw
gyiZv`K nZv Kivi wnKgZ:

Bmjvg njv Rxebi c~Yv wmjevm Ges gvbe Rxebi
cqvRbxq mKj wRwbmi cwic~Y bxwZgvjv| Bnv ^fve I weeK
mZ| `wjj-cgvY I hywi Dci cwZwZ| Avi Bnv meen r
bqvgZ| Gi vivB `ywbqv-AvLivZ myL-kvw evevwqZ me|
Avi h Gi ga cek Kivi ci gyiZv` njv m wbPi i bg
Mj Ges Avjvn Zvqvjv Avgvì Rb h xb gbvwbZ KiQb Zv
ZvM Kij| Avi Avjvn I Zuvi im~ji m LqvbZ Kij| myZivs
ZvK nZv Kiv diR; KviY m Ggb mZK A^xKi Kij hv
eZxZ `ywbqv-AvLivZ mycwZwZ nZ cvi bv|
agZvMi cKvi:
agZvM wZb cKvi:
1. AvKx`vMZ agZvM: hgb: Avjvni ie~weqvZ Z_v KvR ev
Ej~wnqvZ Z_v Bev`Z Zuvi m kwiK AvQ ej AvwK`v
cvlY Kiv| A_ev Avjvni ie~weqvZ ev GKZev` wKsev Zuvi
Kvb YK A^xKvi Kiv| A_ev bex-im~jMYK wg_yK ej
AvwK`v ivLv| A_ev bvwRjKZ Avmgvbx wKZvemg~nK A^xKvi
Kiv| A_ev cybivb ev RvbvZ-Rvnvbvg wKsev xbi Kvb
wKQzK NYv Kiv hwÌ Avgj Ki| A_ev Rbv ev g`cvb
BZvw` cKvk nvivg wRwbmK nvjvj gb Kiv wKsev mvjvZ,
RvKvZ BZvw` xbi cKvk diRmg~nK A^xKvi Kiv|
2. K_vi viv gyiZv`: hgb: AvjvnK A_ev Zuvi im~jMYK
wKsev dikZvgwjK ev bvwRjKZ wKZvemg~nK Mvwj
Ìqv| A_ev beyqvZx `vex Kiv wKsev Avjvni mv_ Ab
KvDK Avnvb Kiv| A_ev ejv h Avjvni mvb wKsev x
AvQ| A_ev cKvk nvivg eK A^xKvi Kiv| hgb: Rbv,
Pzwi, g`cvb BZvw`| A_ev xb wKsev xbi Kvb wKQyK wbq
731
`-mvRvi Aavq
gyiZvì kvw
VvUv-we`c Kiv| hgb: Avjvni Iqv`v A_ev kvw| A_ev

mvnvevMY ev Kvb GKRbK Mvwj-MvjvR Kiv|
3. Kgi viv gyi`vZ: hgb: Avjvn Qvov Abi bvg RevB Kiv
A_ev MvBijvnK mR`v Kiv| A_ev mvjvZ ZvM Kiv|
A_ev Avjvni xb _K wegyL nIqv| xb bv wkLv Ges AvgjI
bv Kiv| A_ev gymjgvbì wei gykiKì mvnvhmnhvwMZv Kiv|
gyiZvì mv_ wK Kiv ne:
h mvevjK, weeKevb ew ^Qvq BmjvgK cwiZvM Kie
ZvK Bmjvgi `vIqvZ w`Z ne Ges DrmvwnZ KiZ ne| Avi
ZIev Kivi Rb ejZ ne nqZv ev ZIev Kie| hw` ZIev
Ki Zvnj m gymwjg| Avi hw` ZIev bv Ki Ges gyiZv`
Aevi Dci Abo _vK Zvnj Zievwi viv Kzdywii Rb nZv
KiZ ne mvRvi Rb bq|
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Avey g~mv [] nZ ewYZ, GKRb gvbyl Bmjvg MnY Kivi ci

Avevi Bw` nq hvq| Ggb mgq gyAvh Beb Rvevj [] g~mv
AvkAvix []-Gi wKU Avmb hLb Zuvi wbKU H gyi`vZ ew
DcwZ wQj| gyAvh [] ejjb: Gi wK nqQ? Avey g~mv []
ejjb: Bmjvg MnY Kivi ci Avevi Bw` nqMQ| gyAvh []
ejjb: hZY GK nZv bv Kie ZZY Avwg eme bv| Avi
BnvB nQ Avjvn I Zuvi im~ji dqmvjv|1
.eyLvix nvt bs 7157 k ZviB I gymwjg nvt bs 1824 BgvivZ ce
732
`-mvRvi Aavq
gyiZvì kvw
hvi gyiZv`x xbi Kvb wKQzK A^xKvii viv Zvi ZIev

A^xKviKZ ei ^xKvivwi mv_ kvnv`vZvBb Z_v Avjvn
GK I gynv` [] Zuvi im~j Gi mv w`Z ne|
^vgx gyiZv` nj Zvi weavb:
hw` ^vgx gyiZv` nq hvq Ze Zvi x Zvi Rb ea bq| Avi
ZIev Kij x BZi ga _vKj xK diZ wbZ cvie|
Avi hw` BZ _K ei nq hvq Zvnj diZ wbZ cvie bv
Ges x wbRi gvwjK nq hve| AZ:ci xi mw Ges bZzb
gvnivbv I bZzb AvK` Qvov m Zvi Rb nvjvj ne bv|
Rv`y njv: wKQz wMuV I g hv Rv`yKZ ewi kixi I weeKi
Dci Kzcfve dj|
Rv`yi Kzg:
Rv`y wkLv, KvDK wkLvbv Ges Rv`y Kiv I Zvi wb`k Kiv
meB nvivg| Gi Kzg njv:
1. hw` Rv`y kqZvbi gvag nq Zvnj Rv`yKi Kvdi| hw`
ZIev bv Ki Zvnj gyiZv` wnmve nZv KiZ ne|
2. Avi hw` aygv Rv`y Rwo-ewo I cwZlaK viv nq Zvnj
Bnv Kzdywi bq eis GKwU Kweiv bvn| hw` ZIev bv Ki
Zvnj wePviKi GRZnv` gvZveK nvgjvKvixi nZvi bvq
nZv KiZ ne|
L K J I HGF E D C B Am
:
l s Q P O N M
myjvBgvb Kzdywi Kiwb eis kqZvbivB Kzdywi KiQ| hviv

gvbylìK Rv`y wkLvZ| [m~iv evKviv: 102]
`-mvRvi Aavq
733
gyiZvì kvw
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2. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb bex [] _K eYbv Kib:

wZwb [] ejQb:Zvgiv mvZwU asmKvix wRwbm nZ weiZ
_vK| mvnvevq Kivg ejjb: Bqv im~jvjvn! mjv wK? wZwb
[] ejjb: Avjvni mv_ wkiK Kiv Ges Rv`y......|1
`-mvRvi Aavq
734
kc_i AvnKvg
kc_-Kmg-njd
Bqvgxb Gi eePb njv Avqgvb Bqvgxb ejv nq: Avjvn
A_ev Zuvi bvgmg~ni Kvb bvg ev Ymg~ni Kvb Y DjL
KiZ: njcKZ ei wbw` fve ZvwK` c`vb Kiv| GK njd
ev Kmg Kiv ej|
mvw`Z njd:
h mKj kc_ mv`b nq Ges f Kij Kvddviv diR nq
mjv nQ: Avjvn ev Zuvi Kvb bvg wKsev Y viv kc_ Kiv|
hgb: Iqvjvn& I Zvjvn&, (Avjvni bvg Kmg) Iqviingvb,
(ingvbi bvg Kmg) Iqv AvhvgvwZjvn& Iqv Rvjvwjn Iqv
BvwZn&, (Avjvni gn I ghv`vi Kmg) Iqv ingvwZn& (Avjvni
`qvi Kmg) BZvw`|
Avjvn Qvov Abi bvg njd Kivi weavb:
1. Avjvn Qvov Abi bvg njd niv nvivg Ges QvU wkiK;
KviY njd Kiv gvb hvi bvg Kiv nq ZvK Zvhxg Z_v
mvb c`kb Kiv| Avi Zvhxg-mvb c`kb Kiv Avjvn Qvov
Avi Kviv Rb ea bq|
9@ :4 29450 ! " #
$%
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A S ! : o S
+

.zk@7" ;"; 2+ bc
. , - 1 5 W # +
G
Beb Dgvi [] nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb: Avwg im~jyjvn []K

ejZ bwQ:h Avjvn Qvov Abi bvg njd Kij m wkiK
Kij|1
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 3251 k ZviB, wZiwghx nvt 1535
`-mvRvi Aavq
735
kc_i AvnKvg
2. MvBijvni bvg kc_ Kiv nvivg| hgb: ejv, bexi Kmg,

Zvgvi Rxebi Kmg, AvgvbZi Kmg, Kvevi Kmg, evc`v`vi Kmg BZvw`|
96G J g S W 4 ++ 246 O
a J g4 < 0 (b " '8
JH &'
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S [
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bex [] ejQb: Avjvn ZvgvìK Zvgvì evc-`v`vi bvg

njd KiZ wbla KiQb| AZGe, h njd KiZ Pvq m hb
Avjvni bvg njd Ki A_ev Pzc _vK|1
kc_ Kivi ci Zv msiY Kiv Ges Zvi iZ Ìqv
IqvwRe| Kmgi iZ AwaK| AZGe, njd wbq D`vwmbZv
c`kb Ges Zvi Kzg _K euvPvi Rb PvjvwK-Kkj Kiv
Aea| iZcY~ evcvi ZvwKì Rb Kmg Kiv kwiqZ
RvqR AvQ|
njdi cKvi:
1. Avj-Bqvgxbyj gybAvw`vn A_vr k njd Kiv hvi
Kvddviv iqQ hw` njd f Ki|
2. Avj-Bqvgxbyj g~m Bnv nvivg| Gi cwZ njv: AZxZi
Kvb welq Rb-eyS wg_v njd Kiv| Gi viv
AwaKvimg~nK nRg Ki djv nq| A_ev Gi viv dvmKx I
LqvbZ Dk Kiv nq| Bnv Kweiv cvcmg~ni GKwU| GwUK
g~m ejv nqQ; KviY g~m A_ wbgwZ nIqv Avi G aiYi
njdKvix wbgwZ nq cvc Gici ne Rvnvbvg| Gi Kvb
Kvddviv bq Ges AbywZI ne bv| Avi Rjw` Ki Zv nZ
ZIev Kiv IqvwRe|
`-mvRvi Aavq
736
kc_i AvnKvg
3. Avj-Bqvgxbyj jvM~ AcqvRbxq njd hv kc_i Dk

Kiv nq bv| Bnv mvaviYZ gvbyli Revb cPwjZ| hgb: bv,
Avjvni Kmg, nvu, Avjvni Kmg| A_ev Avjvni Kmg AekB
Zzwg Lve ev cvb Kie BZvw`| A_ev AZxZi Kvb welq
njd Kiv G aviYv Ki h Dnv mZ wK cKvk cj Zvi
wecixZ| G aiYi kc_ AbywZ ne bv Ges Kvb KvddvivI
Ìqv jvMe bv| Avi kc_KvixK cvKovI Kiv hve bv|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
z {
:
Avjvn ZvgvìK wbi_K kc_i evcvi cvKovI Kieb bv

wK cvKovI Kieb H mKj kc_i Rb hv Zvgiv gReyZ Ki
euva [m~iv gvq`v:89]
hw` kc_ Bb& kvvAvjvn ej hgb: Avjvni Kmg Gic
Kie Bb& kvAvjvn (hw` Avjvn Pvb) Zvnj hw` bv Ki
kc_fKvix ne bv|
Avjvn Zvqvjv Qvov Abi bvg njd Kivi Kvddviv:
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1. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [] ejQb:

h ew jvZ I Dhhvi bvg njd Ki m hb ej: jvv Bjvvnv
Bjvjvn| Avi h Zvi mwK ej Avm Ryqv Lwj m hb m`Kv
Ki|1
1
. eyLvix nvt bs 4860 k ZviB I gymwjg nvtbs 1647
`-mvRvi Aavq
737
kc_i AvnKvg
$%
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+
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s '29Aa" /EE x
S-
( 64 a" /EE j 1 G " H H :( 4 : ! " #

.b@ +" 1 bc
. 1 A a " J i# 'K @ +
2. mv` Beb Avex Iqvvm [] KZK ewYZ h, wZwb jvZ I

Dvi bvg kc_ Kib| ZLb ZvK bex [] ejb: jvv
Bjvvnv Bjvjv Iqvn`vn wZbevi ej| Avi Zvgvi evg w`K
wZbevi _y_y dj I kqZvb nZ cvbvn PvI Ges Avi KLbv G
KvR Kie bv|1
kc_i AvnKvg:
kc_i cuvPwU AvnKvg iqQ:
1. IqvwRe kc_: Ggb njd hv viv Kvb wbvc ewK asm
nIqv _K gywi Rb Kiv nq|
2. gyvnve kc_: hgb gvbyli gva gxgvsmv Kivi Rb njd
Kiv|
3. ea kc_: hgb Kvb ea KvR Kivi ev ZvM Kivi Rb
kc_ Kiv| A_ev Kvb evcvi ZvwK` BZvwì Rb kc_
Kiv|
4. gKin kc_: hgb Kvb gKin KvR Kiv ev gyvnve KvR
ZvM Kivi Rb kc_ Kiv| Abyic ePvKbvi evcvi kc_
Kiv|
5. nvivg kc_: hgb h ew BQvKZ wg_v kc_ Ki| A_ev
cvc KvR Kivi Rb kc_ Ki wKsev Kvb IqvwRe ZvM
Kivi Rb kc_ Ki|
1
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Avngv` nvt 1622 k ZviB Avi AvibvEZ ejbt mb`wU mnxn,
Bbe gvRvn nvt bs 2097
`-mvRvi Aavq
738
kc_i AvnKvg
njd f Kivi weavb:

hw` gj I KjvYKi nq Ze njd f Kiv mybZ| hgb: h
ew Kvb gKin KvR Kivi Rb A_ev Kvb gyvnve KvR ZvM
Kivi Rb njd Ki| G Aevq njd f Ki hv KjvYKi Zv
Kie|
Gi `wjj bex []-Gi evYx:
9p6 #" /_ # c 2 U zk {
m # W /< @ ]# c U # F W
S 0 $

G @
. B@ bc.
#S0
h ew njd Ki AZ:ci Abi gvS Gi Pq ewk KjvY

`L m hb ZvB Ki| Avi njdfi Kvddviv Av`vq Ki|1
hw` Kvb IqvwRe ZvM Kivi Kmg Ki Zvnj Kmg f Kiv
IqvwRe| hgb: h ew Kmg Ki h m AvZxqZv eb
ivLe bv| A_ev Kvb nvivg Kg Kivi Rb Kmg Ki|
hgb: h ew Kmg Ki h, m g`cvb Kie| G Aevq
Kmg f Kiv Zvi Dci IqvwRe Ges Zvi Kvddviv Av`vq
Kiv Riwi|
njd f Kiv ea AvQ| hgb : hw` KD Kvb ea KvR
Kivi ev ZvM Kivi kc_ Ki Zvnj f Kiv ea Ges
kc_i Kvddviv wè|
kc_fi Kvddviv IqvwRe nIqvi kZvejx:
1. mvevjK I weeKevb ewi c nZ Kvb meci fwelr
welq Kmg mv`b nIqv| hgb: h Kmg Ki h, m
AgyKi evoxZ cek Kie bv|
`-mvRvi Aavq
739
kc_i AvnKvg
2. kc_ hb ^Qvq Ki| ZvB hw` KD Pvc co kc_ Ki

Zvi Kmg mv`b ne bv|
3. BQv Ki KmgKvix nZ ne| hw` KD AwbQvKZ Kmg Ki
Zvi Kmg AbywZ ne bv| hgb: h ewi K_vi ga Revb
Gm hvq: bv, Avjvni Kmg, I nuv, Avjvni Kmg|
4. Kmgf nZ ne| ZvB hv ZvM Kivi Rb Kmg KiwQj Zv
Kiv A_ev hv ^Qvq I iYKiZ: Kmg KiwQj Zv bv Kiv|
Kmgi Kvddviv:
hvi cwZ Kvddviv Riwi Zvi Rb wbgi h Kvb GKwU GLwZqvi
Kiv RqR:
1. `kRb wgmwKbK Lv` c`vb| cwZwU `ki cavb Lv` nZ
cwZwU wgmwKbK Avav mv Z_v cvq 1 KwR 20 Mvg Ki Lv`
wè| hgb: Mg A_ev LRyi wKsev PvDj BZvw`| hw` `kRb
wgmwKbK `ycyii ev iv GKevi cU c~i Avnvi KivB ZeyI
RvqR|
2. `kRb wgmwKbK mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ h_ Ggb cvkvK
civbv|
3. GKRb gywgb `vm ev `vmx AvRv` Kiv|
hw` Gjvi Kvb GKwU bv cvi Zvnj wZbwU ivRv ivLe|
Avi Dcii wZbwUi Kvb GKwU Av`vq KiZ e_ bv nIqv ch
Zvi Rb ivRv ivLv RvqR bq|
Kmgfi AwMg Kvddvivi weavb:
Kmgf Kivi c~e Ges ciI Kvddviv Av`vq Kiv RvqR|
hw` c~e Av`vq Ki Zvnj m KmgK nvjvjKvix Avi hw`
ci Ki Zvnj Kvddviv Av`xqKvix|
740
`-mvRvi Aavq
kc_i AvnKvg
Kmgf Kivi Kvddviv mK Avjvn eYbv Ki ejb:

{

:
z
Avjvn ZvgvìK cvKovI Kieb bv Zvgvì Ab_K kc_i

Rb; wK cvKovI Kib H kc_i Rb hv Zvgiv k Ki
euva| AZGe, Gi Kvddviv GB h, `kRb wgmwKbK Lv` c`vb
Kie; gag kYxi Lv`, hv Zvgiv ^xq cwieviK w`q _vK|
A_ev ZvìK e c`vb Kie A_ev GKRb xZ`vm wKsev `vmx
gy Ki wè| h ew mvg_ ivL bv, m wZb w`b ivRv ivLe|
GUv Kvddviv Zvgvì kc_i, hLb kc_ Kie| Zvgiv ^xq
kc_mg~n iv Ki| Ggwbfve Avjvn Zvgvì Rb ^xq wb`k
eYbv Kib hvZ Zvgiv KZZv ^xKvi Ki| [m~iv gvq`v: 89]
hw` Kvb gymwjg fvB Zvi Aci fvBqi Dci cvc bv Ggb
kc_ Ki Zvnj Zvi cwZ kc_Kvixi nK njv Zv c~iY Kiv|
hw` kc_ Ki Kvb KvR bv Kivi| AZ:ci fyj ev Pvc co
wKsev AZv ekZ: Ki em Zvnj Zvi njdf ne bv Ges
ZvK KvddvivI jvMe bv| Avi Zvi kc_ evwK _vKe|
hw` Kvb gvbyli cwZ kc_ Ki ZvK mvb Kivi BQvq,
Zvnj Kvb AevZB kc_f ne bv| Avi hw` mvb Kiv
Riwi Ki bq Ges bv Ki, Zvnj kc_ fKvix ne|
cwZwU Avgj wbqZi Dci wbfkxj| AZGe, h ew Kvb
welqi Dci kc_ Kij Ges Aivj AbUv jywKq ivLj
Zvnj Zvi wbqZ Abyhvqx aiv ne k viv bq|
741
`-mvRvi Aavq
kc_i AvnKvg
kc_i nwKKZ:
kc_ ZjeKvixi wbqZi Dci kc_ wbfi Kie| myZivs
wePviK mvne hw` Kvb AwfhvM A_ev Ab Kvb evcvi njd
Kivq Zvnj wePviKi wbqZi Dci wbfi Kie| kc_Kvixi
wbqZi Dci bq| Avi njd bv KwiqI hw` njd Ki Zvnj
njdKvixi wbqZi Dci wbfi Kie|
x Qvov nvjvj Kvb wRwbm wbRi cwZ nvivg Kivi weavb:
hw` KD x eZxZ Ab wKQzK wbRi Dci nvivg Ki bq
hgb : Kvb Lv` ev Ab wKQz Zvnj Zv Zvi Dci nvivg ne bv|
wK hw` m Zv Ki Zvnj Zvi cwZ njdi Kvddviv Riwi
ne| G gg Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
RQ P O N ML K J IH G F E D C B A{
- :'()
z _ ^ ] \ [ ZY XWV U T S
n bex! Avjvn hv Avcbvi Rb nvjvj KiQb, Avcwb Avcbvi

xìK Lykx Kivi Rb Zv wbRi Rb nvivg KiQb Kb?
Avjvn gvkxj I `qvgq| Avjvn Zvgvì Rb Kmg _K
AenwZ jvfi Dcvq wbaviY Ki w`qQb| Avjvn Zvgvì
gvwjK| wZwb me, cvgq| [m~iv Zvnixg:1-2]
Kvb cvcKg Kivi kc_Kvixi weavb:
h ew Kvb KjvYKi KvR bv Kivi njd Ki Zvi Rb Zvi
cwZ wR` Kiv ea bq| eis Zvi njdi Kvddviv wè Ges
KjvYKi KvR Kie|
G evcvi Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
`-mvRvi Aavq
742
kc_i AvnKvg
{
:
z
Avi wbRì kc_i Rb Avjvni bvgK je evwbq wbI bv

gvbyli mv_ Kvb AvPvi-AvPviY _K, cinRMvix _K Ges
gvbyli gvS gxgvsmv Ki `qv _K euP _vKvi Dk|
Avjvn mewKQzB bb, Rvbb|[ m~iv evKviv:224]
743
`-mvRvi Aavq
bRi-gvbZ
bRi-gvbZ
bRi-gvbZ njv:
Kvb kwiqZi Avvcv ewi c _K ^Qvq wbRi Dci
Avjvni Rb wKQz Kiv Riwi Ki bIqv hv kwiqZ AvekKxq
bv|
bRi-gvbZi Kzg:
bRi gvbv gKin; KviY bex [] G nZ wbla KiQb| Avi
eYbv KiQb h, bRi Kvb KjvY eq Avb bv Ges ZvZ Kvb
DcKvi bB| bRi gvbv bv Kvb gj Avb Avi bv Kvb fvM
ewieZb Ki| Kbbv Avjvn Zvqvjv hviv bRi gvb Zvì cksmv
Kibwb| eis hviv bRi gb cyiv Ki Zvì cksmv KiQb|
bRii cwiYvg cksmbxq bq; KviY KLbv c~Y KiZ Ag
nj cvc ZvK MdZvi Kie| gvbZKvix Avjvni mv_ kZ I
wewbgqi Pzw Ki h, hw` Zvi Dk nvwmj nq Zvnj m hv
gvbZ gbQ Zv c~iY Kie| Avi hw` nvwmj bv nq Zvnj Kie
bv| Avjvn Zvqvjv ev`v I Zvì AvbyMZ _K m~Y
AgyLvcx|
.[/$% ]H
PO N M L K J II
Zviv gvbZ c~Y Ki Ges mw`bK fq Ki, hw`bi Awb ne

my`~icmvix| [m~iv `vnvi:7]
: 99 " k 999' 9
&' $< : S <
d S
+

?67@
.( 99#V9 9@ 9+

9V97B
0 9' " )#- &; 90 9'H
.#
Avyjvn Beb Dgvi [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, bex [] bRigvbZ gvbZ wbla KiQb| Avi ejQb: bRi gvbv wKQy `~i
`-mvRvi Aavq
744
bRi-gvbZ
KiZ cvi bv| eis bRi gvbvi gvag ewLji m` ei nq|1

Avjvn Qvov Abi Rb bRi-gvbZ gvbvi weavb:
bRi GK cKvi Gev`Z| ZvB Avjvn Qvov Avi Kviv Rb
Kiv hve bv; KviY bRi viv hvi Rb bRi gvbv nq ZuvK Zvhxg
Z_v mvb c`kb Kiv Ges Zvi viv Zuvi bKU nvwmj KivB
Dk nq| AZGe, h ew Avjvn Qvov Ab Kviv bvg bRi
gvbj| hgb: Kvb Kei ev Keievmx A_ev Kvb dikZv, wKsev
Kvb bex ev Kvb Awj, Zvnj m Avjvni m eo wkiK Kij|
Avi Bnv evwZj Ges c~iY Kiv nvivg|
Kvi bRi gvbv mwVK ne:
mvevjK I weeKevb ewi c _K PvB gymwjg nvK ev
Kvdi Ges ^Qvq bv nj bRi mnxn ne bv|
bRii cKvi:
1. mvaviY bRi: hgb KD ej, Avwg hw` Ggb KvR Kwi Zvnj
Avgvi Dci Avjvni Rb GgbUv Riwi| AZ:ci m Zv KiB
em Zvnj Zvi cwZ njdfi h Kvddviv Zv Riwi nq
hve|
2. wR` A_ev ivMi bRi: h bRiK Kvb kZi m Szj
ivL| Avi Bnv Kvb KvR nZ wbla Kivi Dk A_ev Zvi
cwZ DrmvwnZ Kivi Rb wKsev mZvqbi Dk ev wg_v
cgvYi Rb| hgb ejv: hw` Zvgvi mv_ K_v ewj Zvnj
Avgvi cwZ nR Riwi| GgZ: Aevq Zvi Rb `ywU KvRi
ga h Kvb GKwU GLwZqvi KiZ ne| hvi bRi gbQ
Zv Kiv A_ev kc_fi Kvddviv Av`vq Kiv|
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745
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cwiavb Kie A_ev evnb AvivnY Kie Ggb bRi gvb,
Zvnj m KvRwU Kiv Ges kc_fi Kvddviv Gi h Kvb
GKwUi GLwZqvi KiZ cvi|
4. gKin bRi: hgb ZvjvK BZvw` Ìqvi bRi gvbv| G
Aevq Zvi Rb mybZ njv kc_i Kvddviv Ìqv Ges
KvRwU mv`b bv Kiv|
5. bvni KvRi bRi: hgb KvDK nZv Kivi bRi gvbv|
A_ev g`cvbi wKsev Rbv Kivi ev Cì w`b ivRv ivLvi
bRi gvbv| G aiYi bRi mnxn ne bv Ges c~Y KivI nvivg|
wK Zvi cwZ Kvddviv Av`vq Kiv Riwi| KviY bex []
ejQb:
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njdfi Abyic Kvddviv|1
6. Gev`Z Kivi Rb bRi: Kvb kZ QvovB bRi gvbv| hgb:
mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv, ivRv ivLv, nR-Dgiv cvjb Kiv, GZKvd
BZvwì Avjvni bKU jvfi Avkvq bRi gvbv| G aiYi
bRi c~Y Kiv IqvwRe| Avi hw` kZ Ki bRi gvb hgb:
hw` Avjvn Avgvi ivM AvivM `vb Kib A_ev Avgvi gvj
jvf `b Zvnj Avjvni Rb Avgvi cwZ GZv KvUv `vb ev
GZv w`b ivRv BZvw` Riwi| hw` kZ cvIqv hvq Zvnj
Zvi cwZ bRi c~iY Kiv IqvwRe| bRi c~iY Kiv Gev`Z hv
Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe| Avjvn Zvqvjv gywgbì cksmv Ki
ejb h, Zviv Zvì bRi c~iY Ki|
1
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2. Aviv Avjv Zvqvjvni evYx:
N M LK J I H G F E D C B A{
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wZwb [] ejQb: h ew Avjvni AvbyMZ Kivi bRi gvb m
hb Zuvi AvbyMZ Ki| Avi h Avjvni bvdigvwb Kivi bRi gvb
m hb Zuvi bvdigvwb bv Ki|1
h ew Kvb Gev`Z Kiv bRi gb c~Y Kivi AvMB gviv
hve Zvi c _K Zvi Awjiv Zv c~Y Ki wè|
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h mKj KvR-Kg I Gev`Z mv`b Kiv ev`vi cwZ K nq
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hv Zvi gZvi evBi Ges ZvZ iqQ cP K| hgb:h ew
bRi gvb mg ivw mvjvZ Kvqg Kivi wKsev mviv eQi ivRv
ivLvi A_ev mg m` `vb Kivi ev nR A_ev Dgiv cvq nuU
Kivi| G Aevq Zvi bRi c~iY Kiv Zvi cwZ IqvwRe bq eis
Zvi cwZ Riwi njv Kvddviv Ìqv|
bRi-gvbZ LiPi LvZ:
gvbZKvixi wbqZ Abyhvqx AvbyMZi bRii LvZ wbw` ne|
Ze cwe kwiqZi Mwi ga nZ ne| hw` gvbZKZ e
hgb: MvkZ ev Ab wKQz Mwie-wgmwKbi Rb wbqZ Ki, Zvnj
Zv nZ Zvi fY Kiv RqR bq| Avi hw` wbqZ Ki Zvi
cwievi-cwiRb A_ev e-eve wKsev mx-mv_xiv Zvnj Zvi Rb
ZvìB GKRb wnmve LvIqv RvqR|
bwKK cvci mv_ mswgkYKvixi bRii weavb:
h ew Zvi gvbZ cvc I bwKi mswgkY NUve Zvi Rb
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c`vb KiZ wQjb| `Ljb GKRb gvbyl ùvovb| wZwb []
jvKwUi evcvi wRvmv Kij Zuviv (mvnvevMY) ejjb: G njv
Avey BmivCj| m bRi gbQ h, ùvwoq _vKe, eme bv, Qvqv
MnY Kie bv, K_v eje bv Ges ivRv ivLe| ZLb bex []
ejjb:ZvK wb`k Ki K_v ejvi I Qvqv MnYi Rb| Avi ej
emZ Ges Zvi ivRv c~Y KiZ|1
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A_ev ivRvi Cì w`b coj Zvi Kzg:
Kviv Rb `yB Cì w`b ivRv ivLv RvqR bB| ZvB h
m w`b ivRv ivLvi bRi gvbe m Zvi bRii Kvddviv è|
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Avwg bRi gbwQ hZw`b euvPe ZZw`b cwZ gjevi A_ev eyaevi
ivRv ivLe| AZ:ci m w`b Kzievwbi Cì w`b coQ| wZwb
[] ejjb: Avjvn AvgvìK bRi c~iY KiZ wb`k KiQb
Ges AvgvìK Cì w`b ivRv ivLZI wbla Kiv nqQ|
jvKwU Aveviv cybivew Kij| wZwb [] GKB K_v ejjb Ges
Zvi AwZwi wKQz Kijb bv|2

. eyLvix nvt 6706 k ZviB I gymwjg nvt 1139
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wePvi-dqmvjv
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2.
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5.
6.
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KRvi A_ I Zvi Kzg|

wePvi-dqmvjv Kivi dwRjZ|
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wePviKi Avèmg~n|
dqmvjvi cwZ|
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:

I

[:] H
Avjvni evYx:
Avi Avwg Av`k KiwQ h, Avcwb Zvì cviwiK

evcvivw`Z Avjvn hv bvwRj KiQb, Z`byhvqx dqmvjv Kib;
Zvì cewi AbymiY Kieb bv Ges Zvì _K mZK
_vKzbhb Zviv AvcbvK Ggb Kvb wb`k _K wePzZ bv
Ki, hv Avjvn Avcbvi cwZ bvwRj KiQb| Abi hw` Zviv
gyL wdwiq bq, Ze Rb wbb, Avjvn ZvìK Zvì
Mvbvni wKQy kvw w`ZB PqQb| gvbyli ga AbKB
bvdigvb| [m~iv gvq`v:49]
wePvii Aavq
751
KvRvi A_ I weavb
wePvi-dqmvjvi Aavq
1-KvRvi A_ I weavb
KRv Z_v wePvi-dqmvjv Kiv njv: kwiqZi weavb my I

cKvk Kiv Ges Zv AeavwiZKiY I SMov-weevì dqmvjv
Kiv|
wePvi-dqmvjv Kiv eaKiYi wnKgZ:
Avjvn Zvqvjv mKj AwaKvi ndvRZ, Bbmvd cwZv, Rxebm` I BZ-mvbi iv Kivi Rb wePvi-dqmvjv KivK ea
KiQb| Avjvn Zvqvjv gvbylK mw KiQb Ges Zvì
GKRbK AciRbi wewfb cKvi KvR Kivi Rb gyLvcx Ki
w`qQb| hgb: KbvePv, wewfb ckv, weevn-kvw`, ZvjvK,
fvov, fiY-cvlY BZvw` Rxebi Riwi welqvw`| G mg
wRwbmi Rb kwiqZ wbqg-bxwZ I kZvejx cYqb KiQ hv
gvbyli gvSi jb`bi dqmvjv Ki `q Ges Bbmvd I
wbivcv wewZ jvf Ki|
wK gvS-ga mB mKj bxwZgvjv I kZvejxi wKQz wecixZ
NU| Zv BQv Ki nvK ev AZv ekZ: nvK hvi dj mgmv
mw nq| Avi Avcvmi ga Rb bq SMov-weiva I `ykgwbNYv| Avi KLbv Aev Ggb cwiwwZ ùvovq hvi dj m`
jyb, Rxeb wbw I Ni-evoxi webvk mvab| myZivs gnvvbx
Avjvn Zvqvjv Zuvi ev`vì KjvYv_ Zuvi kwiqZ viv wePvidqmvjv Kiv ea KiQb| hvi dj H mKj SMov-weevì
AcmviY I mg mgmvi mgvavb nq Ges ev`vi gvS Bbmvd I
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KvRvi A_ I weavb
ih g f e d c b a`_ ~ } | {z
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mZvqbKvix Ges mjvi welqei ivYveYKvix| AZGe,
Avcwb Zvì cvivwiK evcvivw`Z Avjvn hv bvwRj KiQb,
Z`byhvqx dqmvjv Kib Ges Avcbvi KvQ h mrc_ GmQ, Zv
Qo Zvì cewi AbymiY Kieb bv--| [m~iv gvq`v: 48]
wePvi-dqmvjv Kivi Kzg:
wePvi Kiv diR wKdvqvn| gvbyli Rb cwZwU GjvKv ev
kni cqvRb gvZvKe GKRb ev GKvwaK wePviK wbqvM Ìqv
ivca vbi cwZ diR| KviY Zuviv SMov-weevì dqmvjv, mKj
mvRvi evevqb, Bbmvd I bvqi mv_ wePviKiY, nKmg~ni
diZ, gvRjygi cwZ Bbmvd Ges gymjgvbì KjvYKi welq
`w wbc BZvw` KvRi AvbRvg wèb|
Bbmvdmi mv_ gvbyli gvS wePvi dqmvjv Kiv diR
Kdvqv; KviY Dk KvRwU KZv bq| Avi hw` Dk KvR I
KZv DfqwU nZv Zvnj diR AvBb nZ| hgb : mvjvZ,
igRvbi wmqvg BZvw`|
Avjvni evYx:
I
H
.[/]
n `vE`! Avwg ZvgvK cw_exZ cwZwbwa KiwQ, AZGe, Zzwg

gvbyli gvS bvqmZfvK ivRZ Ki Ges Kqvj-Lykxi AbymiY
Kiv bv| Zv ZvgvK Avjvni c_ _K wePzZ Ki è| wbq
hviv Avjvni c_ _K wePzZ nq, Zvì Rb iqQ KVvi kvw,
G KviY h, Zviv wnmve wèmK fyj hvq| [m~iv ^`:26]
wePvii Aavq
753
KvRvi A_ I weavb
wePviKi Rb kZ:
h wePvii `vwqZfvi MnY Kieb Zv Rb kZ njv:
1. KvwRK kwkvjx I AvgvbZ`vi nZ ne| AekB KvwRK
Zvi Rv kwkvjx Ges Zvi KvR evevqb AvgvbZ`vi nZ
ne|
2. gymwjg nZ ne; KviY KvwRK Avjvni bvwRjKZ weavb viv
dqmvjv KiZ ne|
3. mvevjK I weKKevb nZ ne; KviY bvevjK I cvMj
`vwqZi evcvi Acwic~Y|
4. bvqcivqY nZ ne; KviY dvmK ew Zvi dvmwKi Rb
Ryjyg _K wbivc` bq|
5. keYKvix nZ ne; KviY ewai ev`x weev`xi K_v bZ
cvie bv|
6. K_v ejZ cvib Ggb nIqv; hvZ Ki ev`x weev`xi mv_
K_v ejZ cvib|
7. gyRZvwn` I AvnKvg mK AeMZ Ggb nIqv; KviY
gyKvj` Z_v `wjj Qvov Abi K_v gvbKvix I mvaviY ew
wePvi dqmvjvi Rb Dchy bq|
8. cyil gvbyl nZ ne; KviY bvix weeK Am~Y I AwZ `Z
AveMx, hvi dj ewk ewk avKvq coe|
G kZjv meci cwiMwYZ ne Ges `wevbK Ai Dci
AMvwaKvi w`Z ne| Avi mevgi wfwZ `vwqZfvi `qv
IqvwRe|
KvwR-wePviK wbevPbKiY:
KvwR wbevPb Kivi `vwqZ ivcwZi| Zuvi cwZ diR njv
wePviK cì Rb mePq vbx, gvvKx, PvjvK I A`wmb
ewK wbevPb Kieb; KviY wKQy gvbyl mZev`x Avi wKQy
evwZjcx Ges hvZ Ki nK web bv Kib I dvRii avKvq
bv cob|
wePvii Aavq
754
KvRvi A_ I weavb
Avi mePq avwgK ewK Pqb Kieb; hvZ Ki nvivg bv

Lvb Ges KvDK fqI bv cvb| G Qvov wbevPb mePq gyvKx
ewK AMvwaKvi wèb; KviY ZvKIqvZ Kvhvw` mnR nq Ges
RwUj welqvw` Avmvb nq I mZK Rvbv, fvjvevmv I Zv viv
dqmvjv KivI mnR nq| vb Rei` I KvR AvgvbZ`vi Ges
mZev`x dvKxn ewK GLwZqvi Kieb|
Avjvni evYx:
H ~ }|{ z y I
.[/()]
evwjKvqi GKRb ejj evev, ZvK PvKi wbhy Kib| Kbbv,

Avcbvi PvKi wnme mB Dg ne, m kwkvjx I wek|
[m~iv Kmvm:26]
wePvii Aavq
755
wePvi Kivi dwRjZ
2- wePvi Kivi dwRjZ

h gvbyli gvS dqmvjv Ki Zvi Rb AbK dwRjZ iqQ|
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_vKeb Zvi Rb RvqR| Bnv Avjvni bKU jvfi GK
Dg cv; KviY GZ iqQ gvbyli gvS gxgvsmv Kiv,
gvRjygi cwZ Bbmvd I RvjgK cwZnZ Kiv, mrKgi
wb`k, AmrKvRi wbla, mvRvmg~ni evevqb, nK`vii nK
cuQvbv| G Qvov bex-im~jMY (Av:)-Gi KvR| G mKj gnr
KvRi RbB Avjvn Zvqvjvi Gi ga fyj njI mIqve
wbw` Ki w`qQb| Avi GRZnv` Kivi ci hw` wePviKi
fyj nq Zv iwnZ Ki w`qQb| Avi hw` mwVK Kib Zvnj
wY mIqve| GKwU njv GRZnvì Avi AciwU mwVK
wePvi Kivi| Avi hw` GRZnv` Kivi ci fyj Kib Zvnj
GKwU mIqve| Zv nQ GRZnvì Ges Zvi Kvb bvn
bB|
1. Avjvni evYx:
PONML K JIHGFE D C BI
H]\[ZYXWV UTSRQ
.[/]
Zvì AwaKvsk mjvcivgk fvj bq; wK h civgk `vb

LqivZ KiZ wKsev mrKvR KiK A_ev gvbyli ga mwvcb
K KiZv Zv ^Z| h G KvR Ki Avjvni mwi Rb Avwg
ZvK weivU mIqve `vb Kie| [ m~iv wbmv: 114]
756
wePvii Aavq
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[] ejQb:`ywU wRwbm wMeZv (Abi bvq Kvgbv) Kiv
RvqR| GKRb gvbyl hvK Avjvn m` `vb KiQb hv _K m
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ejQb:wbq BbmvdKvixMY Avjvn Zvqvjvi Wvb nvZi cvki
b~ii wgbvivi wbKU _vKe| Avi Avjvni `ywU nvZB Wvb| hviv
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4. Avey ivBiv [] KZK ewYZ wZwb bex [] _K eYbv Kib
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_vKe bv Avjvn mw`b mvZ kYxi gvbylK Qvqv`vb Kieb|
bvqcivqY ev`kvn| H hyeK hvi heb Kvj jvwjZ-cvwjZ nq
Avjvni Gev`Z| H gvbyl hvi AiUv gmwR`mg~ni m Szj
_vK| Avi H `yRb gvbyl hviv GKRb AciRbK Avjvni Iqv
fvjvevm Ges GiB wfwZ GKwZ Ges wewQb nq| H gvbyl
hvK Kvb eo cì I myìx gwnjv hLb Rbv Kivi Rb Avnvb
Ki, ZLb m ej: wbqB Avwg AvjvnK fq Kwi| H gvbyl h
`vb-LqivZ Kivi mgq Zv Mvcb Ki| GgbwK Zvi Wvb nvZ hv
LiP Ki evg nvZ Zvi Lei ivL bv| H gvbyl h GKvKx wbRb
AvjvnK iY Ki ZLb Zvi `y'PvL AkmRj Ki|1
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bQb:hLb wePviK GRZnv` Ki wePvi dqmvj Ki| AZ:ci
mwVK Ki Zvi Rb `ywU mIqve| Avi hLb GRZnv` Ki wePvi
Ki Avi fyj Ki ZLb Zvi Rb GKwU mIqve|2

wePvii Aavq
758
wePvi Kivi fqvenZv
3- wePvi Kivi fqvenZv

1. wePvii welq nQ gvbyli gvS Zvì Lyb, BZ-mvb,
m` I mKj nKi evcvi dqmvjv Kiv| AZGe, Gi fqvenZv
eo KwVb; KviY ev`x-weev`xi `yRbi ga Kvb GKRbi cwZ
wePviKi `yejZvi Avkv iqQ| nZ cvi m Zuvi AvZxq ev
ez wKsev DuPz cì gvwjK hvi DcKvi Kvg A_ev KZZi
AwaKvix hvi gZvi fq Kiv nq BZvw`| hvi dj wePvii mgq
Dciv KviYi cfvevw^Z nq Ryjyg KiZ cvi|
2. wePviK kwiqZi Kzg Rvbvi Rb eo aiYi Pv eq, `wjj
Zvjvk cwikg Ges mwVK cuQvi Rb K ^xKvi Kieb| GZ
wePviK Zuvi kixiK Kib Kv I `yej| Avjvn Zvqvjv wePviKi
m _vKb hZY wZwb Ryjyg bv Kib| Avi hLb Ryjyg Kib
ZLb Avjvn Zvqvjv ZvK Zvi wbRi cwZ Qo `b|
wePviKì cKvi I Zuvì KvR-Kg:
m

:
l
n `vE`! Avwg ZvgvK cw_exZ cwZwbwa KiwQ, AZGe, Zzwg

gvbyli gvS bvqmZfve ev`kvnx Ki| Avi Lqvj-Lykxi
AbymiY Kiv bv; Zv ZvgvK Avjvni c_ _K wePzZ Ki è|
wbqB hviv Avjvni c_ _K wePzZ nq, Zvì Rb iqQ
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hw` Zvgvi mvx _vK Ze nvwRi Ki| hw` mvx nvwRi Ki
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KZKgi Rb AbyZ bv nI| [m~iv RyivZ: 6]
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6- `vwe I mv-cgvY
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cgvY: hvi viv nK-AwaKvi cKvk cvq| PvB Zv mvx nvK ev
njd nvK wKsev Aev BZvwì jY-BwZ nvK|
cgvYi eYbv:
cgvY njv: hv Kvb welqK my I cKvk Ki `q| PvB
Zv kwiqZi cgvY nvK hgb mv hv Keyj Kiv IqvwRe A_ev
jY nvK hv MnY Kiv ea| Avi mvxìK cgvY ejv nqQ;
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nqQ Ggb nZ ne|
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mv-cgvYi Aev:
1. KLbv cgvY `yRb mvx viv Avevi KLbv GKRb cyil Avi
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viv nq| Avevi KLbv GKRb mvx I ev`xi njd (hvi eYbv
mvgb Avme) viv|
2. mv c`vb mvxK bvqcivqY nIqv kZ Ges wePviK Zv
vivB dqmvjv Kieb| wePviK hw` mv hv w`qQ Zvi wecixZ
wKQz RvbZ cvib Ze m gvZveK dqmvjv Kiv RvqR bq|
Avi hvi Bbmvd ARvbv Zvi evcvi wZwb wRvmv Kieb| Avi
hw` weev`x mvxìK AmZ cgvwYZ Ki Zvnj ZvK mv
Avbvi `vwqZ c`vb Kieb Ges wZb w`bi mgq wèb| hw` m
mvx nvwRi KiZ bv cvi Ze Zvi cwZ dqmvjv Kieb|
Acevì evcvi gvbyl wZb cKvi:
1. gvbyli wbKU Zvì xb I cinRMvix Ges Acevì Afy
bv Ggb kYx| Ggb ewK Rj AvUK ev gviai Kiv hve
bv eis AwfhvMKvixK Avè wèb|
2. Awfhy ewi fvj-g` Aev ARvbv| Ggb ewK hZY
Zvi Aev cKvk bv cvq ZZw`b AwaKvi ndvRZi Dk
ZvK Rj e`x ivLZ ne|
3. Awfhy ew Abvq-AbvPvi viv cwiwPZ| GigZ gvbyl
Awfhy nq _vK| G wZxq cKvii Pq ewk gvivZK|
770
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GK hZY ^xKvi bv Ki ZZY gviai I Ave Ki hvPvB

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bv| wK hw` BbmvdMvi bv Ggb Rvbb Ze Zvi viv dqmvjv
Kieb bv| Avi hw` mvxì Aev ARvbv nq Ze ZvìK
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wePviKi dqmvjv viv Kvbv nvivg nvjvj ne bv Avi Kvb nvjvj
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`vwe I mv-cgvY
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`wjj-cvgvY Abyhvqx ne|
`vex Kv_vq Kvqg Kiv ne:
weev`xi kni gvgjv `vqi Kiv ne; KviY Avmj m
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Riwi|
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K_v Qvov MnYhvM ne bv| Avi Abyev` GKRb
bvqcivqYi K_v MnY Kiv hve| Avi hw` `yRb me nq
Zvnj Dg|
GK wePviKi wjLv gvgjv Aci wePviKi wbKU ciYi
weavb:
GKRb wePviKi wjLv gvgjv Aci wePviKi wbKU gvbyli
nKi evcvi MnYhvM| hgb: ePvKbv, BRviv, AwmqZ, weevn,
ZvjvK, Aciva, Kmvm BZvw`| Avi GK wePviK Ab wePviKi
wbKU Avjvni `wewa hgb: Rbv, g` BZvw` evcvi wjLv DwPr
bq; KviY Gjv Mvcb ivLvB fvj Ges m`n nj gvd hvM|
`vweKZ ei weavb:
hw` ev`x I weev`x Kvb wbw` e wbq Dfq `vwe Ki
Zvnj Gi 6 Aev:
1. hw` ewU Kvb GKRbi nvZ nq Avi weev`xi mvx bv _vK
Ze Dnv hvi nvZ ZviB njd Kij| Avi hw` DfqB mvx
ck Ki Zvnj hvi nvZ ZviB ne hw` m njd Ki|
2. hw` ewU Dfqi nvZ nq Avi Kvb mvx-cgvY bq Zvnj
`yRbKB njd KivZ ne Ges Zvì gvS eb Ki w`Z
ne|
wePvii Aavq
772
`vwe I mv-cgvY
3. hw` ewU Ab Kviv nvZ nq Ges Kvb `wjj-cgvY bv _vK

Ze `yRbi gvS jUvwi Ki hvi bvg DVe njd Kwiq
ZvKB w`Z ne|
4. ewU Kviv nvZ bv Ges Kviv Kvb `wjj-cgvYI bq Ggb
Aevq `yRbK njd KivZ ne Ges AaK Ki fvM Ki
w`Z ne|
5. cZKKi cgvY AvQ Avi ewU Kviv nZ bq Ggb Aevq
`yRbi gvS mgvb fve eb KiZ ne|
6. hw` Kvb c ev Mvwo wbq SMov nq Avi GKRb AvivnY
KiZ: AciRb Zvi jvMvg ai AvQ| G Aevq Bnv njd Ki
c_g Rbi hw` Kvb `wjj-cgvY bv _vK|
wg_v njd Kivi fqvenZv:
Abvq fve Kvb fvBqi m` wg_v njd Ki bIqv
nvivg; KviY bex [] Gikv` KiQb:
R 9'T
#
M 'G " ' P
b " 1 5 W #S#+ B
@ L
@ '?G ` i 7 @
.,C 9@ ]#9 J H" 2! 0 ]lB
t 0 )# - J g J H" (X b 5W
. B@ bc
h ew Kvb gymwjgi nK njd Ki MnY Ki Avjvn Zvi Rb

RvnvbvgK IqvwRe Ki `b| Avi Zvi cwZ RvbvZK nvivg Ki
`b| GKRb gvbyl ejj: hw` mvgvb wRwbmI nq n Avjvni
im~j! wZwb [] ejjb: AvivK MvQi GKwU WvjI hw` nq bv
Kb|1
GRgvwj e ebi weavb:
GKvwaK gvwjKvbvfy e hv wZ ev wZc~iY Qvov eb Kiv
Ame Zv fvM Kiv RvqR bq| wK kwiKì ^Qvq nj
RvqR| Avi hvi ga fvM Kij wZ ev wewbgq bq Ggb e
nj hw` Aswk`vi Zvi fvM Zje Ki Zvnj Ab RbK evav
1
. gymwjg nvt bs 137
wePvii Aavq
773
`vwe I mv-cgvY
KiZ ne| Aswk`viiv wbRivB fvM Kie A_ev wbRivB GKRb

ebKvix wbevPb Kie wKsev wePviKi wbKU Zvi Ask I
cvwikwgK PvBe gvwjKvbv Abyhvqx| hLb wbRiv fvM Kie ev
jUvwi Kie ZLb eb Kiv Riwi nq hve|
`vwe cgvY Kivi cwZ:
wZbwUi Kvb GKwU viv `vwe cgvwYZ nq: ^xKvivw, mv
c`vb I njd Kiv|
1- ^xKvivw
^xKvivw:
mvevjK I weeKevb ewi Zvi Dci hv IqvwRe Zv ^Qvq
cKvkKiY|
Kvi ^xKvivw mwVK ne:
cwZwU mvevjK, weeKevb I eviYKZ bv Ggb ewi ^Qvq
^xKvi mnxn ne| Avi ^xKvi mek `wjj|
^xKvivwi weavb:
1. gvbyli wRv`vixZ Avjvni nK hgb: RvKvZ BZvw` ev
gvbyli nK hgb: FY BZvw` _vKj Zvi ^xKvivw Kiv
IqvwRe|
2. mvevjK I weeKevb ewi cwZ Avjvni Kvb mvRv
hgb:Rbv _vKj Zvi ^xKvi Kiv RvqR| wK wbRi Dci Zv
XK ivLv Ges ZIev KivB AwZ Dg|
3. hw` ^xKvivw mnxn I cgvwYZ nq Avi nKi mK gvbyli
mv_ nq Zvnj cZveZb Kiv RvqR bq Ges KeyjI Kiv hve
bv| Avi hw` nK Avjvni nq hgb: Rbv A_ev g` cvb wKsev Pzwi
BZvwì mvRv Zvnj Zv _K cZveZb Kiv RvqR AvQ; KviY
mskq I m`ni Rb mvRv iwnZ nq|
wePvii Aavq
774
`vwe I mv-cgvY
2- mv c`vb
mv c`vb:
hv RbQ Zvi mK Avwg mv c`vb KiwQ ev Avwg
`LwQ ev Avwg bwQ BZvw` k viv Lei Ìqv| Bnv Avjvn
Zvqvjvi Kzg Z_v AwaKvimg~n mve I cgvwYZ Kivi Rb
ceZb KiQb|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
:01
l p _~ } | { z y xm
Ges Zvgvì ga _K `yRb wbfihvM mvx ivLe| Zvgiv

Avjvni Dk mv wè| [m~iv ZvjvK:2]
mv c`vb IqvwRei kZvejx:
cqvRb nIqv, mv c`vb mg nIqv, mv c`vb Zvi
kixi ev BZ-mvb A_ev m` wKsev cwievi-cwiRb Kvb
cKvi wZi Avkv bv nIqv|
mv`vbi weavb:
1. hw` gvbyli nK nq Ze mv c`vbi `vwqZ MnY Kiv diR
Kdvqv| Avi hvi Dci `vwqZ AcY Kiv nqQ Zvi cwZ Av`vq
Kiv diR AvBb hw` gvbyli nK nq| KviY Avjvn Zvqvjvi
evYx:
e d c b a` _ ^ ] \ [Z Y X {
:
z f
Zvgiv mv Mvcb Kiv bv| h KD Zv Mvcb Kie, Zvi

Ai cvcc~Y ne| [m~iv evKviv:283]
2. Avjvni nKi evcvi mv c`vb Kiv hgb: Rbv BZvwì
mvRvi mv `qv ea| Ze bv Ìqv Dg; KviY gymwjgi
`vl-wU Mvcb ivLv IqvwRe| wK hw` cKvkKvix Ges dmv`
wePvii Aavq
775
`vwe I mv-cgvY
cwiwPZ ew nq Zvnj mv `qv Dg; hvZ Ki dmv` I

wechq mwKvixì Ro mg~j kl nq hvq|
3. bv Rb mv c`vb Kiv ea bq| Avi Rvbv `L ev b
A_ev cPvi-cmvi viv AwRZ nq hgb: Kviv weevn ev gZz
BZvw`|
wg_v mv c`vb Kivi weavb:
wg_v mv c`vb Kiv Kweiv bvn Ges Pig cvc hvi viv
gvbyli m` evwZj cvq fY nq| Avi Abi AwaKvi web
Ges wePviKìK avKv Ìqvi KviY wekl, hvi dj Zuviv
Avjvni weavb Qvov dqmjv Kib|
hvi mv Keyj Kiv hve Zvi kZvejx:
1. mvevjK I weeKevb nZ ne| AZGe, QvUì mv MnY
Kiv hve bv| wK Zvì gvS nj Pje|
2. K_v ejZ cvi, ZvB evevì mv Pje bv| wK hw` wjL
mv `q Ze Pje|
3. gymwjg nZ ne| ZvB Kvb gymwjgi wec Kvdii mvx
Pje bv| wK mdi Aevq gymwjg bv cvIqv Mj AwmqvZ
Kvdii mv Pje| Avi Kvdiì GKRbi AciRbi
evcvi mv Pje|
4. iY kw m~Y nIqv| Kvb D`vmxbi mv Keyj Kiv ne
bv|
5. bvqciqYZv: Bnv cwZwU vb-Kvj gvZveK nq _vK| Gi
Rb `ywU wRwbm nIqv Riwi:
(K) xbi ga mr nIqv: Gi Rb cqvRb mKj diR Av`vq
Kiv Ges mg nvivg _K weiZ _vKv|
(L) gvbweK Yvejx I Pvzjvi eenvi: G njv Ggb mKj
KvR Kiv hvi viv m`h evo hgb: `vbkxjZv, mrPwi BZvw`
Ges h mKj KvR KjywlZ Ki hgb : Ryqv Ljv, fjwKevwR I
wbK wRwbmi viv cwkjvf BZvw`|
wePvii Aavq
776
`vwe I mv-cgvY
6. Acev` gy nIqv|
Avjvni `-mvRv Qvov cwZwU welq mvi Dci mv Keyj
Kiv ne| hw` Avmj mvx AcviM nq hgb : gZzi KviY ev
Amy wKsev AbycwZ Zvnj wePviK Zvi cwieZ mvx Keyj
KiZ cvib, hw` Avmj mvx ZvK Zvi cwZwbwa evbvq|
hgb: ej Avgvi mvxi cwZeZ AgyKK mvx evbvjvg
BZvw`|
wePvii Aavq
777
`vwe I mv-cgvY
h mKj KviY mv MnYhvM bv

h mKj KviY mv MnY Kiv hve bv mjv 8 wU h_v:
1. Rbm~i AvZxqZv: Zviv njv evc-`v`v hZv Dcii nvK
Ges mvb-mwZiv hZv wbPi nvK| Gì mvx GKRb
AcRbi Rb MnY Kiv hve bv; KviY AvZxqZvi mK k|
Ze Zvì wei GK Acii mvx MnY Kiv hve| Avi evwK
AvZxq hgb: fvB, PvPv BZvw` Gì mvx c I wec
MnYhvM|
2. ^vgx-x: ^vgxi mv xi c Ges xi mv ^vgxi c
MnY Kiv hve bv| wK GK Acii wec mvx Keyj Kiv
hve|
3. H ewi hvi wbRi DcKvi eq Avb| hgb:Zvi kwiK ev
`vm-`vmx|
4. H ewi h Zvi mv viv wbRi wZ `~i Ki|
5. `ywbqvwe kZv: h Kvb ewi `vl-wU cj Lykx nq ev
Zvi `ywvq Avb` cvq m Zvi `ykgb|
6. h ew wePviKi wbKU mv `qvi ci LqvbZ BZvw`
KviY Zvi mv cZvLvb Kiv nqQ|
7. ccvwZZ : hvi ^RbcxwZi evcvi cwm Zvi mv Keyj Kiv
hve bv|
8. hw` hvi c mv c`vb Kiv nq, m mvxi gvwjK nq ev
mvx Zvi Lv`g nq|
778
wePvii Aavq
`vwe I mv-cgvY
hvi mv Ìqv nq Zvi cKvi I mvxi msLv
Bnv mvZ cKvi:

1. Rbv I mgKvwgZv: Gi Rb Pvi Rb bvqcivqY cyil mvx
Riwi; KviY Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
i h g f e d c b a ` _ ~ } |{
:#
z p o n m lk j
hviv mZx-mvax bvixi cwZ Acev` Avivc Ki, AZ:ci ^c

Pvi Rb cyil mvx DcwZ Ki bv, ZvìK 80wU evNvZ
Kie Ges KLbI Zvì mv Keyj Kie bv| GivB bvdigvb|
[m~iv b~i: 4]
2. RvKvZ c`vb bv Kivi Rb Kvb cwiwPZ abx ew hw` dwKi
ej `vwe Ki Zvnj Gi c wZb Rb bvqcivqY cyil ewi
mv Riwi|
3. hv Kmvm diR Ki ev Rbv Qvov Ab mvRv wKsev mvaviY
kvwi Rb `yRb bvqcivqY cyil mvx Riwi|
4. m` msv welqvw` hgb: ePvKbv, avi, BRviv BZvw`
Ges nKzK Z_v AwaKvimg~n| hgb: weevn, ZvjvK, xK ZvjvK
Ìqvi ci cybivq MnY BZvw`| Avi mvRv I Kmvm ewZiK
hZ AvQ ZvZ `yRb bvqcivqY cyil A_ev GKRb cyil I
`yRb gwnjvi mvx MnY Kiv hve| Avi wekl Ki mì
evcvi GKRb cyil I ev`xi njdbvgv MnYhvM hw` mvx c~Y
KiZ Ag nq|
(K) Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
d c b a ` _ ~ }|{ z y{
z nm l k j i h g f e
:
wePvii Aavq
779
`vwe I mv-cgvY
`yRb mvx Ki, Zvgvì cyilì ga _K| hw` `yRb cyil

bv nq, Ze GKRb cyil I `yRb gwnjv| H mvxì ga _K
hvìK Zvgiv cQ` Ki-hvZ GKRb hw` fyj hvq, Ze
GKRb AbRbK iY Kwiq `q|
.1C U 9-"
S #9+ $ ! " #
$%
2! J n
'
+

. B@ bc
(L) Beb Avevm [] _K ewYZ h, im~jyjvn [] njd I

GKRb mvx viv dqmvjv KiQb| 1
5. h mKj welq mvaviYZ cyiliv AeMZ nZ cvi bv| hgb:
`yacvb, mvb cme, gvwmK BZvw` evcvi cyiliv nvwRi nq bv|
G mKj evcvi `yRb cyyil A_ev GKRb cyil I `yRb gwnjv
wKsev PviRb gwnjvi mvx Keyj Kiv ne| GKRb bvqciqYv
gwnjvi mvx Keyj KivI RqR Ze `yRb AwaKZi wbivc` ev
GKRb bvqcivqY cyil| Avi cwic~Y njv hv c~e DjL nqQ|
6. igRvb I Abvb gvmi Puv` `Lvi evcvi GKRb bvqcivqY
ewi mvx MnYhvM|
7. ci ivM I gv_vq AvNvZ Ges nvo fvsPzii BZvw` evcvi
GKRb Wvvi I GKRb c wPwKrmKi (hvi weK bv cvIqvq)
mvx Keyj Kiv hve| hw` Kvb IRi bv _vK Ze `yRb nZ
ne|
wePviKi Rb hvqR AvQ mvRv I Kmvm Qvov Ab evcvi
GKRb mvx I ev`xi njd (hw` Zvi mZZv cKvk cvq) viv
dqmvjv Kiv|
hw` GKRb mvx I njd viv wePviK dqmvjv Kib| AZ:ci
mvx cZveZb Ki Zvnj mvxK mg mì Rwigvbv
w`Z ne|
.gymwjg nvt bs 1712
wePvii Aavq
780
`vwe I mv-cgvY
mvx Zvi mv nZ cZveZb Kij Zvi weavb:

hw` mì mvxiv wePvii ci cZveZb Ki Zvnj
dqmvjv Lb ne bv| Avi ZvìK RvgvbZ Ìqv Riwi ne|
Ze mvxìK hviv mZvqb KiQ Zvì cwZ RvgvbZ Avme
bv| Avi hw` mvxiv dqmvjvi c~eB cZveZb Ki Ze iwnZ
nq hve Kvb wePvi ne bv Ges RvgvbZI jvMe bv|
3- njd-kc_-Kmg
Bqvgxb Aviex k hvi A_ Avjvn ev Zuvi Kvb bvg wKsev
Zuvi Kvb Y viv njd-kc_-Kmg Kiv|
njd Kiv eaKiY:
gvbyli nKi `vwei evcviB aygv njd Kivbv ea| Avi
Avjvni nK hgb mg Gev`Z I mvRv GjvZ njd Kivbv
hve bv| myZivs, hw` KD ej Avwg Avgvi mì RvKvZ c`vb
KiwQ GgZvevq ZvK njd Kivbv hve bv| Abyic KD
Avjvni mvRv hgb:Rbv I Pzwi A^xKvi Ki ZvK njd Kivbv
hve bv; KviY Bnv Mvcb ivLv Ges Bkviv-BwZ Zv _K
cZveZb KivB gyvnve (Dg)|
`vweZ Kmg Kivi weavb:
ev`x hLb Abi Dci Zvi nKi mv cgvY KiZ e_ ne
Ges weev`x A^xKvi Kie ZLb weev`xi njd Qvov Avi wKQz Kiv
_vKe bv| Avi Bnv aygv gvj BZvw` evcvi wbw` Kmvm I
mvRvi evcvi RvqR bq| njd KivB SMovi wbw nq wK
nK Z_v AwaKvi iwnZ nq hvq bv| ev`xi cwZ mvx Avi h
A^xKvi Kie Zvi cwZ njd|
wePvii Aavq
781
`vwe I mv-cgvY
n
9' $9iA 0 2 9 : ! " #
$%
'' J n
'
+

. #
$
'1S $

S # ' " / < 2@ " b ro @; n
_ $
'; U 2
1 +
.#
?67@
1. Beb Avevm [] _K ewYZ bex [] ejb:hw` gvbylK

Zvì `vwe Abyhvqx Ìqv nZv Zvnj wKQz gvbyl AekB wKQz
cyili i I m` `vwe KiZ| ZvB weev`xi cwZ njd Kiv
kwiqvZi weavb|1
: 9 9!" #
$%
'' J j I1b
#+
P
# A - + "S

.zk@7 bc
. #
$
'1S $

S #"
'1S $
R4 I#
2. Avgi Beb AvBe nZ ewYZ wZwb Zvi evev _K, evev Zvi
`v`v [] _K bex [] ejQb: ev`xi Dci mvx nvwRi Kiv
Avi weev`xi Dci njd Kiv kwiqvZi weavb| 2
njd KivbvZ kKiYi weavb:
wePviKi Rb hvZ fqvenZv gviZK hgb:Kmvm diR bv
Ggb Aciva k Ki njd Kivbv RvqR| Abyic AwaK m`
BZvw` nj Avi m m` PvBj Zvi cwZ k njd Kivbv|
mgq njd k Kivbv hgb:Avmii ci| Avi vb k
njdKiY hgb:gmwRì g^vii wbKU| hw` wePviK njd
kKiY ZvM Kiv cQ` Kib ZvZ wZwb mwVK Kieb| Avi h
kc_ kKiY A^xKvi Kie m njd _K gyw cve bv| Avi
hvi Rb Avjvni bvg Kmg Kiv ne m hb gb bq|
cwZwU weev`xi Rb njd Kivbv ea| PvB m gymwjg nvK ev
Bw`-Lxvb nvK| hw` ev`xi mvx-cgvY bv _vK Ze
Avjvni bvg kc_ KivZ ne| Avi Avnj wKZve Z_v Bw`LxvbìK njd KivZ ne| Bw`K G ej:
1

. nv`xmwU mnxn, wZiwghx nvt bs 1341
wePvii Aavq
782
`vwe I mv-cgvY
4 # 9
( " / O
4 A i " /J 2
W @ g4 'T zk + g4 pgs 4
.. $9!2@ $
: 2 '7 4 #
8 " /F2 'B" ' S 4 #
8 " /M S
.;"; 2+ bc
(Avjvni bvg ZvgvìK iY KivwQ, whwb ZvgvìK

divDbi Kej _K bvRvZ `vb KiQb| ZvgvìK mvMi cvi
KwiqQb| Zvgvì cwZ gNgvjvi Qvq `vb KiQb| Zvgvì
cwZ gvb& I mvjIqv bvwRj KiQb| Zvgvì bex g~mv []-Gi
cwZ ZIivZ bvwRj KiQb|------)1
mePq RNb gvbyl:
'- JH :4 2450 ! " #
$%
2! ` S ! ' : 0 U +

.#
?67@.
C b 2 + rt ~ U " C b 2 + rt ~ U am 0 zk # < b 2 "4s n

'
1. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb im~jyjvn []K ejZ

bQb:wbq mePq RNb gvbyl w-Pnvivi gvbyl| h G
`ji wbKU Avm GK Pnviv wbq Avi Aci `ji wbKU Avm
Avi GK Pnviv wbq| 2
. [
V
&1m $H bI
+ : <
d R K

.#
?67@
Avqkv (iv:) _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [] ejQb:

cP SMivU ew Avjvni wbKU mePq NwYZ gvbyl|3
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 3626

3
2
783
beg ce
Avjvni ivn wRnv`

GZ AvQ:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
wRnvì A_, Kzg I dwRjZ|

wRnvì cKvi|
Bmjvg wRnvì Avè|
wivcvi Pzwbvgv|
hy weiwZi Pzwbvgv|
LjvdZ I AvgxivZ|
784
:

G F E D C B AI
HQ P O N M L K J I H
[
:]
Avjvni evYx:
Zvgiv ei nq co ^ ev cPzi mbvgi mv_ Ges

wRnv` Ki Avjvni ivn wbRì gvj I Rvb w`q, GwU
Zvgvì Rb AwZ Dg, hw` Zvgiv eySZ cvi|
[m~iv ZvIev: 41]
Avjvni ivn wRnv` Aavq
785
wRnvì A_, weavb I dwRjZ
1-wRnvì A_, weavb I dwRjZ

Avjvni ivn wRnv`:
Avjvni Kvjgv Z_v ZInx`K Dwb Kivi wbwgZ Zuvi mw
ARbi Rb Kvdiì m hy KiZ kw I cPv eq Kiv|
Avjvni ivvq gyRvwn`:
9!" #
$%
I' $H (X b ro b

$!2@ +

S W @ F# (4 a50 (4 b '" g pk (4 a50 4(b '" S (4 a50 (4 b ': 5W
. ( #! W 2 < W # A U R4 S g J 247 ( a @ : h ( #! W
.#
?67@
Avey g~mv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: GKRb gvbyl bex []-Gi
wbKU Gm ejj: GKRb gvbyl MwbgZi gvji Rb hy Ki|
Avi GKRb gvbyl iYxq _vKvi Rb hy Ki| AciRb hy Ki
wbRi ghv`v `Lbvi Rb| Gì ga Avjvni ivn wRnv`Kvix
K? wZwb [] ejjb:h ew Avjvni Kvjgv Z_v ZInx`K
Dwb Kivi Rb hy Ki mB GKgv Avjvni ivn wR`vnKvix
gyRvwn`|1
wRnv` eaKiYi wnKgZ:
1. Avjvn Zvqvjv wRnv` wd mvexwjjvnK ceZb KiQb;
Avjvni Kvjgv Z_v ZInx`K Dwb Kivi Rb| c~Y xb
GKgv Avjvni Rb nIqvi Rb| gvbylK AKvi (wkiK-Kzdwi
BZvw`) _K ei Ki Avjvi (ZInx`-Cgvb BZvw`) w`K
Avbvi Rb| Bmjvgi cPvii Rb| Bbmvd Kvqg Kivi Rb|
Ryjyg I wechq e Kivi Rb| gymjgvbì cwZivi Rb I
`ykgbì loh bmvr Ges ZvìK `gb Kivi Rb|
786
2. Avjvn Rnv`K ea KiQb Zuvi ev`vì cixvi Rb|

hvZ Ki mZev`x I wg_yK Ges gywgb I gybvdKi gvS cv_K
nq hvq| Avi Rvbv hvq gyRvwn` I ahkxj| hy
KvdiìK Bmjvg MnY eva Kiv bq eis ZvìK eva Kiv
Bmjvgi weavbK gvbZ hvZ Ki c~Y xb GKgv Avjvni Rb
nq|
3. Avjvni ivn wRnv` Kiv GKwU KjvYi c_| Gi viv Avjvn
`ywv I DM `~i Ki `b| Avi Gi gvag RvbvZi DuPz
vbmg~n jvf nq|
Avjvni ivn wRnvì j-Dk:
Bmjvg hyi Dk njv Kzdwi I wkiKi AcmviY Kiv|
gvbylìK Kzdywi, wkiK I AZv _K Cgvb I vbi Avjvi
w`K ei Ki Avbv| mxgvjNbKvixìK `gb Kiv| drbvdmv` `~iv Kiv| Avjvni Kvjgv Z_v ZInx`K DuPz Kivi Rb|
Avjvni xbK cPvi-cmvi Kiv| Avi hviv xbi cPvi-cmvii
evav `q ZvìK weZvwoZ Kiv| G mKj hw` hy QvovB AwRZ
nq Zvnj hyi Kvb cqvRb bB| Avi hvì wbKU Bmjvgi
`vIqvZ cuQ bvB Zvi m hy `vIqvZi ciB ne| hw` Zviv
A^xKvi Ki Ze ZvìK ivca vb wRwhqv-Ki `qvi wb`k
Kieb| hw` Zviv Agvb Ki Ze Avjvni mvnvh wbq Zvì
m hy Kieb|
hw` Zvì ch `vIqvZ cuQ _vK Zvnj iZB Zvì
m hy Kiv RvqR| Avjvn Zvqvjv ewb Av`gK GKgv ZuviB
Gev`Z Kivi Rb mw KiQb| AZGe, Zvì ga aygv hviv
weivwaZv Ki Ges Kzdywii DciB AUj _vK ZvKB nZv Kiv
RvqR| A_ev h gyiZv` nq hvq wKsev Ryjyg ev mxgvjNb Ki
wKsev gvbylK Bmjvg cek KiZ evav c`vb Ki| A_ev
gymjgvbìK K `q| bex [] Bmjvgi cwZ `vIqvZ Qvov
Kvb RvwZi m KLbv hy Kibwb|
787
Avjvni ivvq wRnvì weavb:

Avjvni ivvq wRnv` Kiv diR wKdvqvn| hw` wKQz msLK
gvbyl wRnv` Ki hv h_ Zvnj evwKì Dci nZ iwnZ nq
hve| Avi hw` KD bv Ki Ze mKjB cvwc ne|
wbgi Aevmg~n mKj mvg_evbi cwZ wRnv` diR:
1. hLb wRnvì gq`vb nvwRi nq hve|
2. Ljxdv hLb mvaviY fve mg gvbylK wRnvì Rb Avnvb
Kieb|
3. hLb Zvi kni `ykgiv NivI Ki dje|
4. hLb Zvi gZ gvbyli hy cqvRb ne| hgb: Wvvi I
cvBjU BZvw`|
L K JI H G F E D C B A{
:23#)
z Q P O N M
Zvgiv ei nq co ^ ev cPyi mivgi mv_ Ges wRnv` Ki

Avjvni c_ wbRì gvj I Rvb w`q GwU Zvgvì Rb AwZ
Dg, hw` Zvgiv eySZ cvi| [m~iv ZvIev: 41]
I
.[/-./]
H
Avi gykiKì mv_ Zvgiv hy Ki mgeZfve, hgb ZvivI

Zvgvì mv_ hy Ki hvQ mgeZfve| Avi gb iLv,
Avjvn gyvKxbì mv_ iqQb| [m~iv ZvIev: 36]
Avjvni ivni gyRvwn`ì AvnKvg:
Avjvni c_ wRnv`: KLbv Rvb I gvj viv diR nq| hgb:
kvixwiK I A_bwZK fve mvg_evbi cwZ| Avevi KLbv Rvb
788
viv diR gvj viv bq| hgb:hvi Kvb m` bB| Avevi KLbv
gvj viv diR Rvb viv bq| hgb: h ew Zvi kvixwiK fve
Ag|
u t sr q p o nm l k j i h g f{
:
z v
drbv Z_v wkiK _vKv ch Zvì m hy Pvwjq hvI Ges xb

c~Yfve Avjvni Rb nq| hw` Zviv weiZ nq hvq Ze Rvjgì
Qvov Abì cwZ Kvb cKvi `ykgwb bB| [m~iv evKviv:193]
4 2@ m9+
g 9KS "1U b : ! " #
$%
'' J

.B" ;"; 2+ bc .
4 7B
t " 4 B
t 64 "
2. Avbvm [] _K ewYZ, bex [] ejQb: gykiKì wei

Zvgvì gvj, Rvb I Revb viv wRnv` Ki| 1
Avjvni c_ wRnvì dwRjZ:
L K J I H G F E D C B A{
- :23#) z U T S R Q P ON M
hviv Cgvb GbQ, `k ZvM KiQ Ges Avjvni ivn wbRì

gvj I Rvb w`q wRnv` KiQ; Zvì eo ghv`v iqQ Avjvni
KvQ, Avi ZvivB mdjKvg| Zvì mymsev` w`Qb Zvì
cwZcvjK ^xq `qv I mvli Ges RvbvZi, mLvb AvQ Zvì
Rb vqx kvw| Z_vq Zviv _vKe wPiw`b| wb:m`n Avjvni
KvQ AvQ gnvcyivi| [m~iv ZvIev:20-22]
1
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 2504 k ZviB, bvmC nvt bs 3096
789
: 4 29450 9!" #
$%
2! Z
A S ! : : 0 U +

'[ ( QS g #! W 1 U T0 S +
" ( #! W 1 U TS (4 Q@
9Ab 0 " /R 'T
c 1 0 J j W2 70 J m+ #! W 1 U TS ( g2 a" / 5
.#
?67@.
RC S # " b ` @ ]S!
2. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb Avwg im~jyjvn []K

ejZ bwQ:Avjvni ivn wRnv`Kvixi (AvjvnB fvj Rvbb K
Zuvi ivn wRnv`Kvix) D`vniY H ewi bvq h me`v w`bi ejv
ivRv`vi Ges ivwZ mvjvZ KvqgKvix| Avjvn Zuvi c_
wRnv`Kvixi Rb G `vwqZ MnY KiQb h, ZvK gZz w`q
RvbvZ cek Kiveb A_ev cwZ`vb wKsev MwbgZi gvjmn
wbivc` evoxZ wdwiq Avbeb|1
9#
$%
2! Z
m! :

;C 2AB
@ + 1

' E4 : h z ' E4 Z
4 .<a5#@ $
:4 '[: h (4
W ( S A &z ! "
.#
?67@.
( #! W ; <T

h z ' E4 Z
4 . 01 2 &+
3. Avyjvn Beb gvmD` [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: Avwg

im~jyjvn []K wRvmv Kijvg mevg Avgj KvbwU? wZwb []
ejjb: mgqgZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv| Avwg ejjvg: Gici
KvbwU? wZwb [] ejjb: AZ:ci evev-gvi mv_ menvi
Kiv| Avwg ejjvg: Gici KvbwU? wZwb [] ejjb: Avjvni
c_ wRnv` Kiv| 2
1
2

. eyLvix nvt bs 2782 k ZviBi I gymwjg nvt bs 85
790
MvRxK cZ ev Zuvi Dg cwZwbwaZ Kivi dwRjZ:

: 9 ! " #
$%
2! J

1C c + 1 0^

1 5 W # V
+ ( #! W ]0^
c @ " /8 1 5 W ( #! W ]0^ 8 '<b @
.#
?67@.8

Rvq` Beb Lvj` [] _K ewYZ im~jyjvn [] ejb:h ew

Avjvni c_i MvRxK cZ Ki `q mI hy Kij| Avi h
Avjvni ivni MvRxi Dg cwZwbwaZ Kie mI hy Kij|1
Avjvni c_ wRnv` ZvMKvixi kvw:
8 9I<T
0 " 8 0 @ : ! " #
$%
I'
R @ @4 +

. R 9@#5 M 2 90 ( RC
5 + +% / # V
+ U W ]0^
4 V
0 " ]0^
.b@ +" ;"; 2+ bc
Avey Dgvgv [] _K ewYZ, wZwb bex [] nZ eYbv Kib wZwb
[] ejQb:h ew wRnv` Kie bv A_ev MvRxK cZ Kive
bv wKsev MvRxi cwievi Dg cwZwbwaZ Kie bv| ZvK Avjvn
wKqvgZi c~e gnvcjq cuQveb| 2
asm cwZZ nIqvi cwZ:
asm cwZZ nIqv njv: wbR wbevm emevm Kiv Ges m`
msiY e nIqv I Avjvni ivn wRnv` ZvM Kiv| m` Rgv
Kiv I ai ivLv Ges Avjvni ivn LiP bv Kiv| m` wbq e
_vKv I mZi mvnvh bv Kiv| asm cwZZ nIqv gvb Avjvni
Av`k ZvM Kiv Ges wbla KvR Kiv| Avi G xb njv Zvi
Rb h Gi _K mgmv `~i Ki, Ii Rb bq h xb _K
wegyL nq|
1
2

. nv`xmwU nvmvb, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 2503 k ZviB, Beb gvRvn nvt bs 2762
791
AZGe, Avjvni ivn wRnv` Kiv `yBwU gwmeZ mw Ki: kì

cvavbjvf I gymjgvbì `k Zvì Kvi gvag `ywbqvZ
gymjgvbì Ac` I jvbv| Avi Gici ZvìK xb _K
weiZ ivLv| hgb AvLivZ iqQ KwVb kvw| gyRvwn` Zv h
wbRK kì wfZi asmi Rb wbcwZZ Kij m bq eis h
Avjvni mwi Rb wbRi Rvb DrmM Ki Avjvni ivn wRnv`
Kij| Avi Kvb gymwjgi Rb AbK nZvi Avkvq AvZNvZx
evgv weviY Kiv ea bq; KviY Bnv ^Qvq AvZnZvq kvwgj|
1. Avjvni evYx:
~ } | {z y x w v u t s r q p I
.[/ ]H
Avi eq Ki Avjvni c_, Ze wbRi RxebK asmi myLxb

Ki bv| Avi gvbyli cwZ AbyMn Ki| Avjvn AbyMnKvixìK
fvjevmb| [m~iv evKviv:195]
2. Avjvni evYx:
{ z y xwv u t s r q p I
.[/ ]H
Avi gvbyli gvS GK kYxi jvK iqQhviv Avjvni

mwK wbRì Rvbi evwR ivL| Avjvn njb Zuvi ev`vì
cwZ AZ gnievb| [m~iv evKviv: 207]
R
ST
$
" R '##i i B
54 1 0 R 01S @ " 8 : J S
+ !

( S O
W R 01S
O+ U 2<4 245[
@ M "&" 1 #2 + 1 c + S G ' 1

5W /R 4 < '7 $H 01 #+ 5 0 d H H @ @ :n
' 5W I"1 A $
(X b
9< " '# d [
'S [m K
A @ #W R4 0 j k U Z
8 S'H :f
2&0 2+
792
( #! W 2456 " ) $A a d 8 mW <O

[
" 2@ W #5 ' 4 U 4 M ! .
9W #5 J R 4 < '7 $H z10m+ r} 5.W (R 4 < '7 $H 4 010m+ 245 a " d
W 1 U T
0 f
2&0 2+ 8 0 W :J S
2+ /; <T

1 " <O
[
" 2@
.zk@7" ;"; 2+ bc
.R '##i i B
54 + W ; $'7G d ( #!
3. Avey Avmjvg Bgivb _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avgiv Bv^yji

Dk gw`bv _K hyi Rb ei nq| mw`b Avgxi wQjb
Avyi ingvb Beb Lvj` Beb Avj-Iqvwj`| Avi ivg RvwZ
Zvì knii GKwU Kjvi wfZi XyK co| GKRb gvbyl
k`ji Dci AvgY Kivi Rb Svwcq coj gvbyl ejZ
jvM: ùvovI! ùvovI! jvv Bjvvnv Bjvjvn GZv wbRK asmi
w`K cwZZ KiQ| ZLb Avey AvBq~B Avbmvix [] ejb: G
AvqvZwU Zv Avgvì Avbmviì evcvi bvwRj nq| hLb Avjvn
Zuvi bexK g`` Kib Ges Bmjvg weRq jvf Ki ZLb Avgiv
ewj, Avm Avgiv GLb Avgvì m` wbq e nq Ges Zv
ndvRZ Kwi| Gi cwicwZ Avjvn Zvqvjv G AvqvZ bvwRj
Kib| Avi eq Ki Avjvni c_, Ze wbRi RxebK asmi
myLxb Ki bv| AZGe, asmi myLxb nIqv gvb m` wbq
Avgiv e nIqv I Zvi ndvRZ Kiv Ges wRnv` ZvM Kiv| Avey
Bgivb ejb, Bv^yj `vdb nIqv ch Avey AvBq~e Zuvi kl
Rxeb ch wRnv` KiZB _vKb|1
Avjvni c_ wRnv` diRi kZevjx:
gymwjg, weeKevb, mvevjK, cyil, wZ nZ wbivc` hgb:
KwVb Amy Ges fiY-clvY _vKv|
wRnv` hvIqvi Rb evev-gvi AbygwZ MnY Kiv:
1. gymwjg wcZv-gvZvi AbygwZ Qvov bdj wRnv` Kiv Kvb
gymwjgi Rb RvqR bB; KviY wRnv` wekl Aev Qvov diR
1
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nv: bs 2512 k ZviB I wZiwghx nv: bs 2972
793
wKdvqvn Avi cwZwU Aevq evev-gvi wL`gZ Kiv diR AvBb|

wK hw` wRnv` diR nq co Zvnj ZLb Zuvì AbygwZ QvovB
wRnv` KiZ ne|
2. hvZ gvbyli DcKvi AvQ Ges ZvZ wcZv-gvZvi Kvb wZ
bq Ggb cwZwU bdj Gev`Zi Rb Zuvì `yRbi AbygwZ
bIqv cqvRb bB| hgb: ivi mvjvZ, bdj ivRv ivLv
BZvw`| wK hw` Zvi viv evev-gvi wKsev Kvb GKRbi wZ
mvab nq Ze Zuvì wbla Kivi AwaKvi iqQ| Avi mvbK
weiZ _vKv Riwi; KviY evev-gvi AvbyMZ Kiv diR Avi bdj
diR bq|
wievZ njv: gymjgvb I Kvdì gvSi mxgv cvnviv
Ìqv|
`ki mxgv GjvKvi ndvRZ Kivi weavb:
gymjgvbì cwZ Kvdiì mxgv ndvRZ Kiv diR|
Aevi Pvwn`v gvZveK PvB Pywi viv A_ev A-k I cnix
viv|
Avjvni ivvq cvnviv `qvi dwRjZ:
! " #
$%
2! J

Iz1
'B 1C A ! + ( < !

.zV bc
.... <#
@" #&1 @ _ # c ( #! W M 2 0
4 + :
mvnj Beb mv` [] KZK ewYZ im~jyjvn [] ejQb: GKw`b
Avjvni ivvq cvnviv Ìqv `ywbqv I `ywbqvi Dci hv wKQz AvQ
Zvi PqI AwZ Dg--|1
Avjvni ivn LiP Kivi dwRjZ:
794
z y x w v u t s r q p o n m{

:
z g f e d cba ` _ ~}| {
hviv Avjvni ivvq ^xq ab-m` eq Ki, Zvì D`vniY

GKwU exRi gZ, hv _K mvZwU kxl Rbvq| cZKwU kxl
GKk Ki `vbv _vK| Avjvn hvi Rb BQv Kib ewaZ Ki
`b, eZ Avjvn nQb wecyj `vZv, gnvvbx| [m~iv evKviv:261]
? 96 @ : ! " #
$%
I'

: 0 U +

... ' 4 U (4 W4 z
f
+ R 8 c (N g4 R 'T
R4 8 c j
; ( #! W # b " ^
.#
?67@
2. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb bex [] _K eYbv Kib|

wZwb [] ejQb: h ew Avjvni ivvq Rvov Rvov (wY)
LiP Kie ZvK RvbvZi ZveavqK dikZv cwZwU ìRv _K
Avnvb Ki ejeb: AgyK Avmyb---|1
Avjvni ivvq a~wjgq nIqv Ges ivRv ivLvi dwRjZ:
{
'9 9@ : ! " #
$%
d
t 2! J

+
.zV bc. ' $

@ 'G ( #! W j @1
1. Avey Ave&m [] _K ewYZ im~jyjvn [] ejQb:h ew
Zvi `ycv Avjvni ivvq a~wjgq Kij Avjvn ZvK Rvnvbvgi
Rb nvivg Ki wèb|2
:4 29450 9!" #
$%
'' Z
A S ! : Iz 1 V
1C #A! +

.#
?67@
1
2
. 60c
A ! '
< b " 1 'A+ ( #! W ]@2 0 M % @

. eyLvix nvt bs 907
795
2. Avey mvC` Lyìx [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: Avwg im~jyjvn

[]K ejZ bwQ:h ew Avjvni ivvq GK w`b ivRv ivLe
Avjvn Zvi PnvivK Rvnvbvgi Avb _K mi eQii ivv
mgvb `~i Ki wèb|1
Avjvni ivvq wRnvì Rb Nvov cvjb Kivi dwRjZ:
9@ : 9!" #
$%
&' :

: 0 U +
9E" " '0 " A - J.W j 1

2 + 501[
a" + ]H ( #! W ]! W
7G
.zV bc
. R @ #5 M 2 0 8#@ W 2 +"
Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn []

ejQb:h ew Avjvni ivvq wRnvì Rb Avjvni cwZ
Cgvb I Zuvi Iqv`vK mZ gb Ki Nvov cvj, wKqvgZi w`b
Zvi bwKi cvjvq m Nvovi cwiZw mnKvi Lv` I cvbxq Ges
gj I ckve meB IRb Kiv ne|2
mKvj-weKvj Avjvni ivn c`PviY Kivi dwRjZ:
:X " 1 : ! " #
$%
I'

x
C @ +

.#
?67@
.<#W @" #&1 @ _ # c RX G " " ( #! W
Avbvm Beb gvjK [] _K ewYZ, wZwb bex [] nZ eYbv

Kib, wZwb [] ejQb:AekB Avjvni ivn GK mKvj ev
weKvj wRnv` Kiv `ywbqv I `ywbqvZ hv wKQz AvQ Zvi PqI AwZ
Dg|3

3
2
796
wRnvì cKvi
2- wRnvì cKvi
wRnv` Pvi cKvi:
1. bvdm Z_v cewi mv_ wRnv`: xb wkv I m gvZveK
Avgj Kiv Ges xbi cwZ `vIqvZ Kiv I m evcvi ahaviY
Ki cewi mv_ wRnv` Kiv|
2. kqZvbi mv_ wRnv`: kqZvb gvbyli gvS h mKj m`nmskq I Kz-Kvgbv-evmbv wbc Ki mjvK cwZnZ Ki
kqZvbi wei wRnv` Kiv|
3. Rvjg I e`vZx Ges wbK KvRKvixì mv_ wRnv`: Bnv
Aev I dvq`v gvZveK kwevbi Rb nvZ viv| hw` me bv
nq Ze Revb viv ZvI hw` bv cvi Ze Ai viv KiZ ne|
4. Kvdi I gybvwdKì mv_ wRnv`: Bnv Ai, Revb, gvj I
Rvb viv nZ ne| Avi Rvb vivB GLvb Dk|
Avjvni ivn gyRvwn`ì Rb RvbvZi img~n:
: 9!" 9#
$%
4 2!

: 0 U +

# 9+ 9@ / ( #! W 01U TS U'1
RC b ; R @ R 'T
W JH .....
9'.W n
" ; 96 j 24m! W 7m! s.W /w
m" rt S'B # + Sg # 7b '1
. R 'T
< 'T6 a @ " / S G '

2 W j 4 /R 'T
$
" R 'T

4 ! "
.zV bc
Avey ivBiv [] KZK ewYZ wZwb ejb im~jyjvn [] ejQb:
wbq RvbvZ GKkZ i iqQ hvi mevPwU Avjvni ivni
gyRvwn`MYi Rb| cwZ `ywU ii gvSi `~iZ Avmgvb-Rwgbi
`~iZ eivei| AZGe, hLb Zvgiv Avjvni KvQ PvI ZLb
RvbvZzj di`vDm PvI; KviY Bnv RvbvZi gavb I mevP
797
wRnvì cKvi
RvbvZ| Avi Gi Dci iqQ ingvbi Avik Avhxg| Avi GLvb

_KB cevwnZ nq RvbvZi bnimg~n|1
Avjvni ivvq wRnvì Aevmg~n:
Avjvni ivvq wRnvì Pvi Aev:
1. Kvdi I gykiKì wei wRnv`: Zvì Awb _K
gymjgvbìK ndvRZi Rb Bnv GKv Riwi| Aviv cqvRb
Zvì gvS Bmjvgi cPvi-cmvi Kivi Rb| ZvìK
chvqg GLwZqvi Kivi myhvM w`Z ne| c_gZ: Bmjvg MnY,
wZxqZ: wRwqqv-Ki c`vb eva Kiv, ZZxqZ: mekl hy
NvlYv|
2. gyiZv` Z_v xb ZvMKvixì wei wRnv`: ZvìK
GLwZqvi Ìqv ne Bmjvg wdi Avmvi Avi bv nq nZvi|
3. we`vnxì wei wRnv`: Giv njv hviv Lwjdvi weivPiY
Ki Ges drbv-dmv` QovB| hw` G _K wdi Avm fvj Avi
bv nq Zvì m hy KiZ ne|
4. WvKvZ-wQbZvBKvixi wei wRnv`: ZvìK nZv A_ev k~wj
wKsev wecixZ w`K _K nvZ-cv KZb ev wbevmb KiZ ne|
ivca vb Zvì Aciva wnmve hUv fvj gb Kieb m fve
Zvì cwZ kvw cqvM Kieb|
gwnjvì wRnvì weavb:
cqvRb cyilì wL`gZi Rb gwnjvì hy Ask MnY
KivI RvqR AvQ|
IMm49+ "890 ! " #
$%
4 2! J g : x
C @ +

. $G T
0"10" /ro S
5 B
#W 8 sH / A @ [m @ :C 2 B
" # !
.#
?67@
Avbvm Beb gvjK [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn []-Gi

m D myjvBg I wKQz Avbmvi gwnjv hy Ask MnY Kib|
1
.eyLvix nvt bs 2790
798
wRnvì cKvi
Zuviv (gyRvwn`MYK) cvwb cvb KivZb Ges AvnZì mev-klv

I wPwKrmv KiZb|1
MvRxìK wRnv` hvIqvi mgq we`vq Ìqv Ges Zuvì Rb
`vqv Kiv gyvnve| Aviv gyvnve hy _K wdi Avmvi mgq
ZuvìK fQv-^vMZg Rvbvbv|
799
wRnvì Avè
3- Bmjvg wRnvì Avèmg~n

Bmjvg wRnvì Avèmg~ni ga njv: wekvmNvZKZv bv
Kiv| hw` hy bv Ki Ggb gwnjv-wk I e Ges mvayì
nZv bv Kiv| wK hw` hy Ki ev hyi Rb DrmvwnZ Ki
A_ev Zvì gZvgZ I cwiKbv _vK Ze nZv Kiv hve|
Aviv Avè nQ: Anvi I eovB Ges jvK `Lvbv KvR bv
Kiv| `ykgbi mvvr Kvgbv bv Kiv| gvbyl I RxeRK Avb
viv bv Rvjvbv|
Aviv njv: k ci cwZ Bmjvg ck Kiv| hw` A^xKvi
Ki Ze wRwhqv-Ki Ìqvi Rb ejv| hw` ZvI A^xKvi
Ki Ze ZvìK nZv Kiv ea|
G Qvov ahaviY I GLjvm Ges mKj cKvi cvc _K weiZ
_vKv| Avi ewk ewk `vqv I Avjvn Zvqvjvi wbKU mvnvhmnvqZv PvIqv| bex [] G `vqvwU coZb:
9[" < @ 8 9U f
8G m M ^ U" f
O'B z
T
@ " f
7 8 @ ' <
.#
?67@.
< #

Avjvv gybwRwjj wKZve, gyRwiqvm mvnvve, Iqv nvwRgvj
AvnRvve, BnwRgg Iqvbmyibvv AvjvBwngx|1
hLb `ykgbi fq Kie ZLb gymwjg wK eje:
hLb `ykgbi fq Kie ZLb gymwjg eje:
. B@ bc
.Z
) - S+ < #6 g ' 9<9
1. AvjvvK& dxbxwng wegv wkZv|2

;"; 2+" 1 bc. U " @ x
+ s4 2A " U 2O W x
4 A T
'H ' <
1

800
wRnvì Avè
2. Avjvv Bbvv bvRAvjyKv dx byn~wiwng. Iqv bvEhyweKv wgb

iwiwng| 1
wRnv` ivca vbi cwZ IqvwRemg~n:
ivca vb ev Zuvi cwZwbwai cwZ IqvwRe njv: kì
AwfgyL iIqvbv nIqvi mgq mbv`ji Aev I A-ki
Leivw` bIqv| wbivkKvix I Re iUbvKvixìK Ask MnY
KiZ eviY Kiv| G fve hviv wRnvì Rb Dchy bq ZvìK
wbla Kiv| Avi cqvRb Qvov Kvb Kvdiì mvnvh MnY bv
Kiv| gyRvwn`ì Rb cv_q cZ Ki Ìqv| mbvevwnbxi
mv_ axi axi Pjv| Zvì Rb mevg evmvb Zvjvk Kiv|
Avi mbì wechq I cvc _K weiZ ivLv| Zvì Ai
kwkvjx Ki Ggb AvjvPbv Kiv Ges knx` nIqvi cwZ Drmvn
c`vb Kiv|
wZwb ZvìK ahaviY I mIqvei wb`k Kieb|
mbv`jK fvM Ki wèb| cnix I wekl viv Zvì mvnvh
Kieb| `ykgbì wbKU Pi ciY Kieb| mb ev mb`ji
hvK gb Kieb ZvK AwZwi wèb| hgb : hviv wRnv` hve
Zvì Rb cgvsk ev` Pvi fvMi GK fvM Avi wZb fvMi GK
fvM cgvsk ev` wdi Avmj| Avi wZwb wRnvì evcvi
xb`vi I vbx ewi mv_ civgk Kieb|
Avjvni ivvq wRnv`Kvixì cwZ wK IqvwRe:
mbì cwZ cvc bv Ggb KvR ivca vb ev Zuvi cwZwbwai
wb`k gvbv I Zuvi mv_ ahaviY Kiv AvekKxq| Avi Zuvi
AbygwZ Qvov hy Kiv RvqR bq| wK hw` nVvr Ki `ykgbì
`LZ cvq Avi Zvì Awb I Ki Akv Ki Ze Zvì
cwZnZ Kiv RvqR| hw` Kvb Kvdi cwZwZvi Rb Avnvb
Ki Zvnj Avgxii AbygwZg h wbRi mK Rvb h Zvi
kw I evnv`yix AvQ Zvi Rb cwZwZv Kiv gyvnve| Avi h
1
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Avngv` nvt bs 19958 I Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 1537
801
wRnvì Avè
Avjvni ivvq gyRvwn` wnmve ei nq Zvi Akmn gviv hvq

Zvi mIqve wY|
wRnv` avKv `qvi weavb:
hw` `k cavb Dii Kvb kni ev Mvi m hy KiZ
Pvb Avi `wY w`K BQv cKvk Kib, Zvnj gb ivLZ ne hy
nQ auvKvevwR| Avi Gi gvS iqQ `ywU DcKvi:
c_gwU: Gi viv `y`ji Rvb-gvji wZi msLv Kg ne; hvi
dj wbziZvi vb ne `qv|
wZxqwU: gymjgvbì mbvkw I hyi mivgvw` mieivn Kivi
myhvM MnY; KviY nZ cvi hy auvKv Pje bv|
J 9g 4 29450 9

x
C @ + P
A g Z
A S ! x
C @ + P
A g

.
U # + F'" H U"8 0 : " 8 1 00 S ! " #

$%
4 2!
.#
?67@
KvAve Beb gvjK [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn []

hLbB Kvb hy Kivi BQv KiZb ZLbB wfbUv cKvk KiZb|1
hyi mgq:
9 sH ! " #
$%
2! {
1 < - JC I5 @ + J SA &

8 90" /v
90I 'P< a" /
S 'K "8a $'7G 75 'c <' '" @ ( a50
. zk@7" ;"; 2+ bc .
[
'
bygvb Beb gyKviib [] nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb: Avwg im~jyjvn

[]-Gi mv_ DcwZ wQjvg| wZwb w`bi c_g fvM hy bv Kij
m~h Xjv ch hy Kiv ìx KiZb| Avi evZvm cevwnZ nZ Ges
mvnvh bvwRj nZ|2

. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 2655 k ZviB, wZiwghx nvt bs 1613
802
wRnvì Avè
hLb `ykgbiv gymjgvbì cwZ nVvr Ki nvgjv Ki ZLb

ZvìK cwZnZ Kiv Ges cwZiva Kiv IqvwRe mUv h
Kvb gyn~Z Zviv nvgjv KiK bv Kb|
Avjvni mvnvh KLb bvwRj nq ?
Avjvn Zvqvjv Zuvi wbRi cwZ Zuvi Awjì Rb mvnvh Kiv
diR Ki w`qQb| wK Gi mK wKQz wRwbmi m eua
w`qQb:
1. gyRvwn`ì Ai Cgvbi nwKKZi c~YZv:
:
z ~ } | {{
Avi Avgvi cwZ gywgbì mvnvh Kiv KZe| [m~iv ig:47]

2. mr Avgj Ki Cgvbi `vwe c~iY Kiv:
x w v u t s r q p onml k j{
d c ba ` _ ~ } | { z y
- :6 z f e
wbq Avjvn ZvìK mvnvh Kib, hviv Avjvni mvnvh Ki|

wbqB Avjvn civgkvjx kwai| Zviv Ggb jvK hvìK
Avwg cw_exZ kw-mvg_ `vb Kij Zviv mvjvZ Kvqg Kie,
RvKvZ è Ges mrKvR Av`k I AmrKvR wbla Kie|
cZK Kgi cwigvY Avjvni GLwZqvify| [m~iv nR: 40-41]
3. Zvì mvaci kw mq I cwZ MnY:
{
:.*
z
Avi cZ Ki Zvì mv_ hyi Rb hvB wKQz msMn KiZ cvi

wbRi kw mvg_i ga _K Ges cvwjZ Nvov _K, hb
cfve co Avjvni kì Dci Ges Zvgvì kì Dci Avi
803
wRnvì Avè
ZvìK Qvov Abvbì DciI hvìK Zvgiv Rvb bv; Avjvn

ZvìK wPbb| [m~iv Avbdvj: 60]
4. Zvì mvaci cPv Pvwjqv hvIqv:
:#89
z z y x w v ut s r q p{
hviv Avgvi c_ mvabvq AvZwbqvM Ki, Avwg AekB ZvìK

Avgvi c_ cwiPvwjZ Kie| wbq Avjvn mrKgcivqYì mv_
AvQb| [m~iv AvbKve~Z: 69]
(L) Aviv Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
{
L KJ IH G F E D C B A
- :.*
z P O N M
n gywgbMY! Zvgiv hLb Kvb evwnbxi mv_ msNvZ wj nI,

ZLb my`X _vK Ges AvjvnK AwaK cwigvY iY Ki hvZ
Zvgiv Dk KZKvh nZ cvi| Avi Avjvni wb`k gvb Ki
Ges Zuvi im~ji| ZvQvov Zvgiv cii weev` wj nBI bv|
hw` Zv Ki, Ze Zvgiv Kvcyil nq coe Ges Zvgvì cfve
Pj hve| Avi Zvgiv `haviY Ki| wbqB Avjvn iqQb
ahkxjì mv_| [m~iv Avbdvj: 45-46]
Avi G vivB Zvì mwnZ Avjvni m nq Ges Zvì cwZ
Avjvni mvnvh bvwRj nq hgb bvwRj nqwQj bex-im~jMYi
(Av:)-Gi cwZ| Avi hgb AwRZ nqwQj bex [] Ges Zuvi
mvnvevMYi (iv:)-Gi Rb|
Avgj GwKb I meyii cfve:
hLb gymwjg (GK) mZfve ùvovq, (`yB) Avi Zvi ùvovbv
Avjvni mv_ nq, (wZb) Ges GKgv Zuvi Rb nq ZLb Zvi
804
wRnvì Avè
mvgb gyKvejvq KD wUKZ cvi bv| GgbwK Avmgvb-Rwgb I

Gi ga hviv AvQ meB wgj Zvi wei loh KijI Avjvn
Zvì Rb h_| wK ev`v DjwLZ wZbwU ev Kvb GKwUZ
evovevwo ev Aenjv Kij Zvi cwiYvg fvM Kie|
AZGe, hLb evwZj ùvove ZLb mvnvh Kiv ne bv| Avi
hw` g`` nqI ZeyI Zvi kl cwiYwZ fvj ne bv Ges m ne
Ac` I jvwZ| Avi hw` mZfve ùvovq wK Avjvni Rb bv
nq eis gvbyli cksmv jvfi Rb Ze mI mvnvhcv ne bv;
KviY mvnvh GKgv Zvi Rb h Avjvni KvjgvK Dwb Kivi
Rb wRnv` Ki| Avi hw` mvnvh KivI nq Ze Zvi ahaviY I
mZZvi AbycvZ ne| ahaviYKvixiv me`v mvnvhcv nq
_vK| myZivs, ahkxj hw` mZ nq _vK Ze Zvi cwiYvg fvj
Avi hw` evwZj nq _vK Zvnj Zvi cwiYvg|
Avjvni evYx:
Hutsrq ponmlkjI
.[ /]
Zviv meyi KiZ weavq Avwg Zvì ga _K Bgvg gbvbxZ

KiwQjvg, hviv Avgvi Av`k c_ c`kb KiZ| Zviv Avgvi
AvqvZmg~n GwKb-`p wekvmx wQj| [m~iv mR`vn: 24]
hyi gq`vb _K cjvqb Kivi weavb:
hLb `ymbv`ji gvS hy i nq hve ZLb hy gq`vb
_K cjvqb Kivi nvivg| Ze `yAev ewZiK:
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
{

- :.*
z
805
wRnvì Avè
n Cgvb`viMY! Zvgiv hLb Kvdiì mv_ gyLvgyLx ne, ZLb

cv`cmiY Kie bv| Avi h jvK mw`b Zvì _K
cv`cmiY Kie, Aek h jovBqi Kkj cwieZbK wKsev
h wbR mbì wbKU Avkq wbZ Avm m eZxZ-Abiv
Avjvni MRe mv_ wbq cZveZb Kie| Avi Zvi wVKvbv nj
Rvnvbvg| eZ: mUv nj wbK Aevb| [m~iv Avbdvj: 15-16]
Avjvni ivvq hviv knx`:
: 9 9!" 9#
$%
2! J

: 0 U +
1 #<9'K" /M 1 < P

G %" /3
" /J4 24i S " /J4 2Ai S :RX B
S c r} 1< &K
.#
?67@.
( #! W
1. Avey ivBiv [] _K ewYZ im~jyjvn [] ejQb: knx`

cuvPRb: gnvgvwiZ, cUi wcovq, cvwbZ Wye I Pvcv co gZiv
Ges Avjvni ivvq h knx`| 1
......: 9 9!" 9#
$%
2! J x
C #7
+ +b

/1_ #<9- 3
9" /1_ #<9- J4 2Ai S : ( #! W ( 7 5 F2! `_ ! :4 ; <'K
/1_ #<9- ? 90O
P
G %" /1_ #<- J4 24i S " /1_ #<- P
T
{
s P
G %"
. :X 1 #<- ` S T
+ {
2Sa :4 S " /1_ #<- M 1 < Z
O
a {
2S0 zk"
.B" ;"; 2+ bc
2. Rvei Beb AvZxK [] _K ewYZ, im~jyjvn [] ejQb:

Avjvn Zvqvjvi ivn wbnZ Qvov mvZRb knx`: gnvgvwiZ gZy
ew knx`, cUi wcovq gZz ew knx`, cvwbZ Wye gZz ew
knx`, Pvcv co gZy ew knx`, dzmdymi AveiK wSwji
c`vnNwUZ (Pleurisy) ivM gZz ew knx`, Avb cyo gZz
806
wRnvì Avè
ew knx` I Mf evPv Aevq ev evPv cmei mgq gZz gv

knx`v|1
: 4 29450 9!" #
$%
2! Z
A S ! 1C 0^ + 1 #A!

J "; ( 97 4 @ " /1_ #<- 2 < W 0; J "; ( 7 4 @ " /1_ #<- 2 < W @ J "; ( 7 4 @
.zk@7" ;"; 2+ bc
. 1_ #<- 2 < W U J "; ( 7 4 @ " /1_ #<- 2 < W @ ;
3. mvC` Beb Rvq` [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb: Avwg im~jyjvn

[]K ejZ bwQ: h Zvi m` iv_ wbnZ nq m knx`, h
Zvi xb iv_ wbnZ nq m knx`, h Zvi Rvb euvPvZ wMq wbnZ
nq m knx` Ges h Zvi cwieviK iv KiZ wMq wbnZ nq
mI knx`|2
Avjvni ivvq knx` nIqvi dwRjZ:
rqponmlkjihgfed{
~ } | { z y x w v u t s

.[ - /0 2]
H
hviv Avjvni c_ knx` nqQ ZvìK Zvgiv gZ ejv bv| eis

RxweZ Ges Zviv Zvì cwZcvjKi wbKU wiwRKcv| Avjvn
wbRi AbyMn _K hv `vb KiQb Zvi cwZ Zviv Avb`
D`hvcb KiQ| Avi hviv GLbI Zvì KvQ Gm cuQwb Zvì
cQb Zvì Rb Avb` cKvk Ki| KviY, Zvì Kvb fqfxZ I bB Ges Kvb wPv-fvebvI bB| Avjvni wbqvgZ I
1
.nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 3111, bvmvC nvt bs 1846 k ZviB&
. nv`xmwU mnxn, Ave~ `vE` nvt bs 4772, wZiwghx nvt bs 1421 k ZviB
807
wRnvì Avè
AbyMni Rb Zviv Avb` cKvk Ki Ges Zv Gfve h, Avjvn

Cgvb`viì kgdj web Kib bv| [m~iv Avj Bgivb:169-171]
1_ G @ : ! " #
$%
I'

x
C @ +

1 #<'K H rq - @ w
m $
@ " #&1 $H ` b 0 J &PO
0 R 'T
(4 c 1 0
.#
?67@.
R @ @ F0 S {

C '@ K

( 75#W #&1 $H ` b 0 J $'S 70
2. Avbvm Beb gvjK [] _K ewYZ wZwb bex [] _K eYbv
Kib| wZwb [] ejQb:knx` eZxZ Avi KD RvbvZ ceki
ci Zvi k~b `ywbqvZ Avevi wdi AvmZ PvBe bv| m h mvb
I ghv`v `LQ ZvB `ywbqvZ Gm `kevi nZv nIqvi Avkv
cvlY Kie| 1
Avjvni ivvq knxì KvivgZ:
knx`ì AvZvjv meyR cvLxi cUi wfZi _vK| mme
cwe AvZvi Rb iqQ Avik Szj c`xc| cvLxiv RvbvZi
hLvb BQv mLvb wePviY Kie| Avi knxì Rb iqQ QqwU
ewk hgb im~jyjvn [] ejQb:
F90" / 9@; @ RC A W ; '" W 6 0 : [c &Z! 1
1 #<'K JH
@ R b " ^
A ! " # 7E
'"8 0" / JoS 0t R G #
$O
0 " / R 'T
@ j 1 A 5 @
$
`
20" / g m
8 6 @ @ m 0" / 5 f
k
@ T0" /
A 2O
9@
A 9! W ` 6K
0" /<#W @" #&1 @ _ # c < @ R4 a24 # 2
a !
.J PA- 5<#" 2[@ + 1#A! bc
. +
wbq knxì Rb Avjvni wbKU iqQ QqwU ewk: Zvi c_g

ii duvUv gvwUZ covi mv_ ZvK gv Kiv ne| Zvi
RvbvZi vb ZvK `Lvbv ne| ZvK Cgvbi cvkvK civbv
ne| Avi WvMi PvL wewk evni Rb n~ii m weevn `qv
1
808
wRnvì Avè
ne| Keii AvRve _K gyw `qv ne| eo AvZi w`b

wbivc` _vKe| Zvi gv_vq mvbi gyKzU civbv ne, hvi
BqvKzZ cv_i `ywbqv I `ywbqvZ hv AvQ Zvi PqI g~jevb| Avi
Zvi AvZxqì _K miRbi evcvi Zvi mycvwik MnY Kiv
ne|1
h ew Avjvni ivn AvnZ ne wKqvgZi w`b Zvi ii iO
ii ne Avi myMw ne gi Ges Gi Dci _vKe
knxì Qvc| Avi Avjvni ivn knxì FY Qvov mg cvc
gvd Ki Ìqv ne|
GKvKx e`x nj Zvi weavb:
h ew gymjgvbì hy e`xì cwZ fq Ki Ges Zvi
kì gyKvejv Kivi gZv _vK| Ggb Aevq m AvZmgcY
Kie| Ze Zvi Rb RvqR AvQ knx` nIqv ev weRq jvf Kiv
ch hy Pvwjq hvIqv|
kì cwZ GKvKx nvgjv Kivi weavb:
`ykgbì `vg~jK kvw `qv Ges Zvì Ai fq-fxwZ
mvi Kivi Dk, wekl Ki mxgvjNbKvix Bwì gvS
wbRK `ykgbì `k wbcZxZ Kiv A_ev Rvjg Kvdiì
mb`j Suvwcq cov RvqR| GZ m gviv Mj ahkxj knx`
I mwZKvi gyRvwn`ì mIqve cve| GZ iqQ Kg wZ Ges
kì cwZ ewk kvw|
Avjvni ivvq wbnZ ewi weavb:
Avjvni ivvq wbnZ ewK knx` ejv nq; KviY m Avjvn I
gvbylK Zvi mZ Cgvbi cwZ mvx iLQ Ges Zvi kvnv`Zi
viv cgvY KiQ h G xb mZ| knx` cKZ c gZ bq
RxeZ| ZvB Zv Avjvn Zvqvjv knx`ìK gZ ejZ wbla
KiQb| hvZ Ki gvbyl avivYv bv Ki h, knx` gZzeiY Ki|
1
.nv`xmwU mnxn, mvC` Bbe gvbm~i nvt bs 2562, evBnvKx Aveyj Cgvb nvt bs 3949
I wmjwmjv mnxnv è nvt bs 3213
809
wRnvì Avè
Kbbv Gi dj m wRnvì gq`vb _K gZzi fq fM hve|

G Qvov gvbyl hb wRnv` nZ weiZ bv _vK; KviY gvbyli cewi
^fve njv gZz _K cjvqb Kiv|
1. Avjvni evYx:
2 ]H rq p o n m lkj i h g f e d I
.[/0
hviv Avjvni ivvq wbnZ nqQ ZvìK Zvgiv gZ ej bv|

eis Zviv Zvì cvjbKZvi wbKU wiwRKcv| [m~iv Avj
Bgivb:169]
HONM L K J IHG F E D C B A I
.[/]
hvìK Avjvni ivvq wbnZ Kiv nq ZvìK Zvgiv gZ ej

bv| eis Zviv RxweZ wK Zvgiv Abyfe KiZ cvi bv|
[m~iv evKviv:154]
hy e`xi cKvi:
hyi e`xiv `ycKvi:
1. gwnjv I wk: Zviv hye`x njB `vm-`vmxZ cwiYZ ne|
2. hyKvix cyil: ivca vb BQv Kij ZvìK Kvb wewbgq
QvovB Qo w`Z cvib A_ev wewbgqi gvag Qo wèb|
A_ev ZvìK nZv Kieb| A_ev cqvRb gvZveK
ZvìK `vm evwbq wbeb|
MwbgZi gvj ebi cwZ:
MwbgZi gvj H mKj hvvi Rb hviv hyi gq`vb nvwRi
ne| c_g cvgvsk ei Ki GiB GK fvM Avjvn I Zuvi
im~ji Rb hv gymjgvbì cqvRb I DcKviv_| Avi GK fvM
im~jyjvn []-Gi wbKUvZxq-^Rb, GK fvM GwZg Ges GK fvM
gymvwdiì Rb| AZ:ci evwK MwbgZi gvj Pvi fvM Ki
hvvì gvS eb KiZ ne| GK Ask c`vwZK evwnbxi Ges
810
wRnvì Avè
wZb Ask Akvivnx mbi Rb| Avi AvZmvZKvixK MwbgZi

gvj _K ewZ Kiv ne| ivca vb MwbgZi gvj PzwiKvixK
Dchy kvw wèb| Avi hy Qvov gykiKì _K h mg gvj
bIqv ne hgb:wRwhqv I LvRbv-f~wgKi BZvw` Zv dvqi gvj
hv gymjgvbì cqvRb I DcKviv_ eq Kiv ne|
M L K J I H G F E D C B{
Y X W V U T S R Q P O N
:3$4
z d c b a ` _ ^] \ [ Z
Avi G K_vI Rb ivL h, Kvb e-mvgMxi ga _K hv wKQz

Zvgiv MwbgZ cve, Zvi GK cvgvsk nj Avjvni Rb I
im~ji Rb, Zuvi wbKUvZxq-^Rbi Rb Ges GwZg-Amnvq I
gymvwdiì Rb; hw` Zvgvì wekvm _K Avjvni Dci Ges m
welqi Dci hv Avwg Avgvi ev`vi cwZ AeZxY KiwQ dqmvjvi
w`b, hw`b myLxb nq hvq Dfq mbv`j| Avi Avjvn mewKQzi
DciB gZvkxj| [m~iv Avbdvj: 41]
e d c b a ` _ ~ } | { z y x{
t s r q p on m l k j i h g f
:,
z ~ } | {z y xw v u
Avjvn Rbcèvmxì KvQ _K Zuvi im~jK hv w`qQb, Zv

Avjvni, im~ji, Zuvi AvZxq-^Rbi, GwZgì, AfveMì
Ges gymvwdiì Rb, hvZ Hkh Kej Zvgvì wekvjxì
gaB cyxf~Z bv nq| im~j hv ZvgvìK `b, Zv MnY Ki
811
wRnvì Avè
Ges hv wbla Kib, Zv _K weiZ _vK Ges AvjvnK fq Ki|

wbq Avjvn KVvi kvw`vZv| [m~iv nvki: 7]
wKQy gyRvwn`K AwZwi c`vbi weavb:
gymjgvbì DcKvi fe mbvcwZ Zvi gyRvwn`ì KvDK
AwZwi MwbgZ w`Z cvib| Avi hw` Kvb DcKvi bv `Lb
Ze wèb bv|
MwbgZi mì weavb:
1. z` mb `ji MwbgZ mbv`j Ges mbv`ji MwbgZ QvU
mb `j kwiK ne| Avi h hy PjvKvwjb KvDK nZv Kie m
Zvi jybKZ meB cve| jyb ejZ Zvi kixii cvkvK,
Ak, evnb I gvj|
2. hvi gvS PviwU kZ cvIqv hve Zvi RbB MwbgZi gvj Ask
ne: mvevjK, weeKevb, ^vaxb I cyil| Gi Kvb GKwU kZ bv
cvIqv Mj Zvi Rb mvgvb wKQz `vb Kie Ask emve bv|
bvix hye`xì mnevm Kivi weavb:
gwnjviv hye`x nIqvi mv_B Zvì weevn evwZj nq hve|
Avi MfeZx nj evPv cme Ges MfeZx bv nj GK gvwmK FZz
nIqvi ci Zvì m mnevm Kiv RvqR ne|
hw` gymjgvbiv Zvì `ykgbì f~wg Rvic~eK `Lj Ki
Zvnj ivca vb PvBj Dnv gymjgvbì gvS eb KiZ
cvib| Avi PvBj `ykbgbi gvS IqvK&d Ki hvi nvZ
_vKe Zvi cwZ vqx LvRbv wbw` Ki w`Z cvib|
gymjgvbì cwZ Kvb Kvdii Gnmvb _vKj Zvi G myì
KvRi cwZ`vb mnR-mva c~iY Kiv RvqR|
GKRbi A Aci Rbi kixi jvMbvi weavb:
1. hw` Kvb Rxe gyRvwn` ev Ab Kvb gvbyli Rb Ab RxweZ
gvbyli Kvb A ev Ask nvi Kivi cqvRb nq, Avi hw`
nvi Kivi dj Zvi eo aibi wZ mvab nq hvi KviY
wbRi Avmj c~Y ev AwaKvskB wb:kl nq co| hgb: nvZ ev
812
wRnvì Avè
cv wKsev wKWbx KZb Ki nvi Kiv; Bnv nvivg; KviY Gi viv

GKwU wbwZ Rxeb Aci GKwU AwbwZ Rxebi Rb gwKi
myxb nq ùvove| Avi hw` nvi gZzi w`K Vj `q
hgb: nvU A_ev dzmdzm KvUvi gvag Zvnj Bnv Rxeb nZv Ges
KwVb GK nvivg KvR ej weewPZ ne|
2. Avi gZ ewi Kvb A ev Ask KU RxweZ ewi kixi
jvMvbv RvqR| hw` RxweZ ewi Rxeb Gi Dci wbfikxj I
cqvRb nq| hgb: nvU ev dzmdzm wKsev wKWbx| Gi Rb kZ
njv: gZ ewi gZzi c~e AbygwZ `qv Ges hvi Rb vbvi
Kiv nQ mI ivwR nIqv| G Qvov Gi viv wPwKrmv me Ges
AekB Awf Wvvi viv nIqv|
813
whwì mv_ PzwKiY
4- whwì mv_ PzwKiY

whwì mv_ PzwKiY: KvdiìK Zvì Kzdywii Dci
AUj _vKvi G kZ ^xKvivw Kiv h Zviv wRwhqv-Ki wè
Ges Bmjvgi wbqg-Kvbyb gb Pje| Bnv ivcwZ ev Zuvi
cwZwbwa mv`b Kieb|
hywKiYi nK`vi njv: Avnj wKZvei Bw` I Lxvbiv|
Avi AwM c~RKì mv_ Avnj wKZvei gZB AvPiY KiZ
ne| Ze Zvì _K U-Ki MnY KiZ ne| Avi Zvì
bvixìK weevn Kiv I Zvì RevBKZ c RvqR bq| Avi
hviv gykiK Zvì Rb bv Avjvn, bv Zuvi im~j Ges bv
gywgbì wbKU Kvb Pzw iqQ| Zvì cwZ Bmjvg ck
KiZ ne| PvB Zviv Bmjvg Keyj Kie Avi bv nq ZvìK
nZv KiZ ne; KviY Bmjvg wkiK I cwjKZvK ^xKvi
Ki bv| Avi Avnj wKZveK wZbwU wRwbmi GLwZqvi w`Z
ne: Bmjvg A_ev Ki c`vb wKsev nZv|
wRwhqvi cwigvY:
ivcwZ ev Zuvi cwZwbwa Zvì A_bxwZi Aevi wfwZ
wbaviY Kieb| evPv, gwnjv, `vm-`vmx, dwKi, cvMj, A I
ìekì cwZ Kvb wRwhqv-Ki avh Kiv hve bv|
whxì cwZ hv KiYxq hgb: Ki ev f~wgKi wKsev w`qvZ
(icY) A_ev FY BZvw` c`vb Kiv| Gme hw` Avgvì
kwiqZ nvivg wK Zvì kwiqZ nvivg bv Ggb wRwbmi
g~j c`vb Ki hgb: g` I k~Kii gvsm wewKZ g~j,
Zvnj Zv Zvì wbKU _K MnY Kiv RvqR iqQ|
whxì AvnKvg:
hLb whwiv AvgvìK wRwhqv-Ki c`vb Kie ZLb Zv MnY
Kiv Avgvì cwZ IqvwRe Ges ZvìK nZv Kiv nvivg| Zvì
KD Bmjvg MnY Kij Zvi wRwhqv iwnZ nq hve| Avi wRwhqv
814
whwì mv_ PzwKiY
MnYi mgq Zvì Rb Avgiv kwi ewn:cKvk Kie Ges Zvì

jvwZ Aevq Zvì nvZ _K wRwhqv wbe| Zvì ivMxìK
`LZ hvIqv, KD gviv Mj kvK cKvk Kiv Ges Zvì cwZ
Gnmvb Kiv Ges Zvì Ai weRq I Bmjvg MnYi Avkvq Kiv
RvqR|
y x w v u t s r q p o n m{
d c b a ` _ ~ } | { z
:23#) z j i h g f e
Zvgiv hy Ki Avnj-wKZvei H jvKì mv_, hviv Avjvn I
kl wèmi cwZ Cgvb ivL bv, Avjvn I Zuvi im~j hv nvivg Ki
w`qQb Zv nvivg Ki bv Ges MnY Ki bv mZ xb, hZY bv
KiRvo Zviv wRwhqv c`vb Ki| [m~iv ZvIev: 29]
x w v u t s r q p o n m l k j i{
:2)
z _ ~ } | { zy
xbi evcvi hviv Zvgvì wei hy Kiwb Ges Zvgvì

`k _K ewnZ Kiwb, Zvì cwZ m`vPiY I Bbmvd KiZ
Avjvn ZvgvìK wbla Kib bv| wbq Avjvn
BbmvdKvixìK fvjvevmb| [m~iv gygZvwnbv: 8]
Avnj wKZve (Bw`-Lxvb)-Gi h Bmjvg MnY Kie Zvi
dwRjZ:
9< RX 9EE: 9!" #
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whwì mv_ PzwKiY
9<+';mW RX @ j 1
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. J b W <b '"8 7W <5 7
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Avey eyi`v [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb im~jyjvn [] ejQb:

wZbRb ewi wY mIqve: Avnj-wKZvei H ew h Zvi
bexi cwZ Cgvb GbQ Ges gynv` []-Gi cwZI Cgvb GbQ|
Avi H `vm-`vmx h Avjvni nK Av`vq Ki Ges Zvi gvwjKiI
nK Av`vq Ki| Avi H ew h Zvi `vmxK myì Avè wkv
`q| AZ:ci ZvK AvRv` Ki wbRB weevn Ki bq Zvi Rb
wY mIqve|1
whxì cwZ Bmjvgi weavb viv dqmvjv Kivi Kzg:
ivcwZi cwZ IqvwRe njv whwì Rvb, gvj I BZAvei evcvi Bmjvgi weavb viv dqmvjv Kieb| Avi hv Zviv
nvivg wekvm Ki hgb: Rbv Zvi mvRv Zvì cwZ Kvqg
Kieb| Avi h mg Zviv nvjvj AvwK`v cvlY Ki hgb: g`
I k~Ki Gjvi evcvi mvRv Kvqg Kiv hve bv| wK cKvk
KiZ wbla Kieb|
whxìK gymjgvbì nZ cv_K ivLvi weavb:
gymjgvbì _K whwì Rxeb I giY wfbZv Riwi KiZ
ne; hvZ Ki Zvì evcvi gvbyl auvKvq bv co| wbggvbi
cvkvK I evnb eenvi Kie hvZ Ki cv_K cKvk cvq|
Zvì Bmjvg MnYi Avkv _vKj gmwR` cek RvqR AvQ
Ze gmwR` nvivg Qvov; KviY mLvb Kvb gykiKi cek
wbla|
whxì mv_ AvPiY wbqg:
Kvb gRwjmi mvgb fvM whwì emZ Ìqv, Zvì
Rb ùvovbv Ges ZvìK mvjvg Ìqv RvqR bB| Ze Zviv
1
816
whwì mv_ PzwKiY
mvjvg w`j Iqv AvjvBKzg ej Di Ìqv IqvwRe| Zvì

C`-LykxZ ZvìK fQv `qv bv RvqR| Avi ZvìK MxRv,
gwì, Dcmbvjq BZvw` evbvZ wbla KiZ ne| Aviv evav
w`Z ne g`, k~Ki, ev`h Ges Zvì wKZvevwì cKvk KiZ|
Avi gymwjgi Pq Zvì Ni-evwo DuPz KiZ wbla KiZ ne|
AvMK ewi Rb ùvovbvi weavb:
AvMK gymwjgK mvb A_ev mvnvhi Rb ùvwoq mvgb
GwMq hvIqv RvqR| Avi Kvb em _vKv ewi Rb ùvovbv
RvqR bq| wK hw` Zvi cwZiv I gykiKìK fxlY z
Kivi Rb nq Ze RvqR| hgb: hLb KzivBkiv `vBweqvi
mwi mgq cvw` cvVvwQj ZLb gyMxiv Beb ev [] im~jyjvn
[]-Gi Rb ùvwoqwQjb|
whxì Pzw KLb f hve:
1. whwi Pzw f hve Ges ZvK nZv Kiv ea ne hw` wRwhqv
w`Z A^xKvi Ki A_ev Bmjvgi weavb bv gvb| wKsev Kvb
gymwjgK nZv Ki mxgvjNb Ki| A_ev Rbv Ki ev
ivnvRvwb-WvKvwZ Ki wKsev gymjgvbì wei Pii KvR
Ki| A_ev Avjvni bvg, wKsev Zuvi im~ji bvg, A_ev Zuvi
wKZve ev kwiqZK g`fve DjL Ki|
2. c~ei h Kvb KviY whwi Pzw f nq Mj m hy wj
Kvdi nq hve| Avi ivcwZi Rb cqvRb gvZveK GLwZqvi
iqQ ZvK nZv Kiv| A_ev `vm evbvbv wKsev Kvb wKQzi
wewbgq QvovB Gnmvb Kiv A_ev wewbgq bqv|
wbivcvi PzwKiY:
KvdiK wbw` mgqi Rb wbivcv `vb Kiv RvqR; hvZ
Ki m Zvi eemv mvgMx ePZ cvi| A_ev Avjvni K_v b
wdi Avm BZvw`| cwZwU gymwjg, mvevjK, weeKevb, ^Qvq
Ggb ewi wbivcv `vb ea| hw` Zvi wZi Avkv bv _vK|
Avi ivcwZi c _K mKj gykiKì Rb wbivcv `vb mwVK
817
whwì mv_ PzwKiY
ej weewPZ ne| AZGe, hLb AwKvi Kiv nq hve ZLb

ZvK nZv Kiv, e`x Kiv I K `qv nvivg|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
{
:23#)
z
Avi gykiKì KD hw` Zvgvi KvQ Avkq cv_bv Ki, Ze

ZvK Avkq wè, hvZ m Avjvni evYx bZ cvq, AZ:ci ZvK
Zvi wbivc` vb cuQ è| GwU G Rb h Giv vb ivL
bv| [m~iv ZvIev:6]
Avie Dcxc Kvdiì emevmi weavb:
Bw`, Lxvb I mKj Kvdi`K Avie Dcxc emevmi Rb
^xKvi Kiv RvqR bq| wK KvRi Rb Riwi AevZ Zvì
Awb nZ wbivcì kZ RvqR| hgb: `~Zvevmi jvKRb,
KgPvix I eemvqx BZvw`|
gmwR` Kvdii ceki weavb:
1. Kvdiì Rb gvi nvivg GjvKvq cek Kiv RvqR bq| G
gg Avjvni evYx:
Y X W V U T S R Q P O{
i h gf e d c b a ` _ ^ ] \ [Z
:23#) z l k j
n Cgvb`viMY! gykwiKiv Zv Acwe| myZivs G eQii ci Zviv

hb gmwR`yj-nvivgi wbKU bv Avm| Avi hw` Zvgiv `vwiì
AvksKv Ki, Ze Avjvn PvBj wbR KiYvq fwelZ Zvgvì
Afvegy Ki èb| wbq Avjvn me, cvgq|
[m~iv ZvIev: 28]
818
whwì mv_ PzwKiY
2. mvaviY gmwR`mg~n Kvb Kvdii cek Kiv RvqR bq,

Ze Kvb gymwjgi AbygwZg cqvRb ev DcKviv_ RvqR|
webv Aciva Kvb Pzwcv AgymwjgK nZv Kivi cvc:
: 9 ! " #
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Avyjvn Beb Avgi [] nZ ewYZ wZwb bex [] _K eYbv

Kib| wZwb [] ejQb: h Kvb Pzwcv AgymwjgK nZv
Kie m RvbvZi myMw cve bv; h RvbvZi myMw Pwjk eQi
`~i nZ cvIqv hve|1
MxRv I wewfb Dcvmbvjq wbgvYi weavb:
gmwR`mg~n Avjvni Ni| Avi MxRv I Dcvmbvjqjv wkiK
I Kzdwii Ni| mg Rwgb Avjvn Zvqvjvi| Avi wZwbB gmwR`
evbvbv Ges mLvb Zuvi Gev`Z Kivi wb`k KiQb| Avi
Avjvn Qvov Abvbì hvZ Gev`Z Kiv nq Zv nZ wbla
KiQb|
AZGe, Kzdwi I wkiKi Kvb Dcvmbvjq wbgvY Kiv nvivg;
KviY Gjvi wbgvYi viv evwZjK ^xKvi Kiv, Kzdwii
wb`kbK cKvk Kiv, cvc I mxgvjNb KvR mnhvwMZv Kiv Ges
gvbyli mv_ cZviYv Kivi Afy|
.zV bc
I
.[/ ]H
mrKg I AvjvnfxwZZ GK Abi mvnvh Ki| cvc I

mxgvjNbi evcvi GK Ab mnvqZv Kiv bv| AvjvnK fq
Ki| wbq Avjvn KVvi kvw`vZv| [m~iv gvq`v:2]
1
.eyLvix nvt bs 3166
819
whwì mv_ PzwKiY
Hlk j i h g f e d c b a ` _ I
.[/0 2 ]
Avi h Bmjvg Qvov Ab Kvb xb Zvjvk Kie Zv Zvi _K

MnY Kiv ne bv Ges m AvLivZ AKZKvhì Afy ne|
[m~iv Aj Bgivb: 85]
820
hy weiwZi mw
5- hy weiwZi mw
hy weiwZi mwc wK: ivcwZ ev Zuvi cwZwbwa `ykgbì
mv_ cqvRb gvZveK wbw` mgqi Rb hwÌ `xN mgq nvK
hy weiwZi mwc Kieb| Bnv Kiv Riwi Ges DcKviv_ Kiv
ea; KviY Gi dj Kvb IRi hgb: gymjgvbì `yejvZvq
wRnv` ìx Kiv GgbwK gvji wewbgq RvqR| e`jvi gvag
Ges Kvb e`jv QvovI hy weiwZ Pzw Kiv RvqR|
hy weiwZi Pzwcviv Kvb gymwjgi cwZ Aciva Kij
Zvì _K Aciva wnmve gvj I Kmvm wbZ ne Ges
PveyK gviZ ne|
Pzw c~Y Kivi weavb:
Pzw c~Y Kiv IqvwRe Ges `ykgbì c _K f bv nIqv
ch f Kiv RvqR bq| A_ev Zviv Avgvì Rb c~Y bv Ki
wKsev Zvì _K wLqvbZi fq nj GgZvevq Pzw f nq
hve Ges Avgvì cwZ Zvi Dci AUj _vKv Riwi bq| Avi
Zvì c _K wLqvbZi fq Kij Avgiv ZvìK Pzw fi
Lei Rvwbq hy Pvwjq hve|
:
z {
Zvgiv AwKvi c~iY Ki| wbq AwKvi mK wRvmv Kiv

ne| [m~iv ewb BmivCj:34]
z | { z y x wvu t sr q p o n m{
:.*
Ze Kvb mc`vqi auvKv `qvi evcvi hw` Zvgvì fq

_vK, Ze Zvì Pzw Zvì w`KB Qzuo dj `vI Ggbfve
821
hy weiwZi mw
hb nq hvI Zvgiv I Zviv mgvb| wbq Avjvn auvKvevR,

cZviKK cQ` Kib bv| [m~iv Avbdvj: 58]
hme Aevq hy weiwZi mw Kiv IqvwRe:
`yB AevZ hy weiwZi mw Kiv IqvwRe:
c_g Aev: hLb kc hy weiwZi mw PvBe ZLb Zvì
WvK mvov w`Z ne; KviY GZ iqQ icvZ e Ges
wbivcvi cZvkv| hgb bex [] gvi gykiKì mva
`vBeqvZ `k eQii hy weiwZi mwZ KiwQjb|
Avjvni evYx:
B A I
HNM L K J I HGF E D C
.[-/.*]
Avi hw` Zviv mw KiZ AvMn cKvk Ki, Zvnj ZzwgI m

w`KB AvMnx nI Ges Avjvni Dci fimv Ki| wb:m`n wZwb
keYKvix, cwivZ| cvi Zviv hw` ZvgvK cvZviYv KiZ
Pvq, Ze Zvgi Rb AvjvnB h_, wZwb ZvgvK kw hywMqQb
^xq mvnvh I gywgbì gvag| [m~iv Avbdvj: 61-62]
wZxq Aev: mvwbZ gvmmg~n hy Avi bv Kiv| Zv njv:
whjK`, whjnR , gyniig I iRe gvm| kì mv_ Gme gvm
hy weiwZi Pzw KiZ ne| Avi hw` Zviv Gme gvm hy Ki
Zvnj AvgivI Avgvì xb, Rxeb I Ni-evwo iv_ hy Kie|
Avjvni evYx:
~ } | { z y x w v u t I

.[/23#) ] H
822
hy weiwZi mw
wbq Avjvni weavb I MYbvq gvm eviwU, Avmgvbmg~n I Rwgb

mwi w`b _K| Zba PviwU mvwbZ| GwUB mycwZ weavb;
myZivs Gi ga Zvgiv wbRì cwZ Ryjyg Kiv bv| Avi
gykiKì mv_ Zvgiv hy Ki mgeZfve, hgb ZvivI
Zvgvì mv_ hy Ki hvQ mgeZfve| Avi gb iLv,
Avjvn gyvKxbì mv_ iqQb| [m~iv ZvIev: 36]
823
LjvdZ I AvgxivZ
6- LjvdZ I AvgxivZ (miKvix bZZ)

Lvwjdvi AvnKvg
Lwjdv wbqvM Kivi wewavb:
gymjgvbì Lwjdv wbqvM Kiv diR| Avi Bnv Bmjvgi
g~jevb m` iv, gymjgvbì Aevi cwiPvjbv Ges `-mvRv
evevqb, AwaKvimg~n Av`vq, Avjvni weavb viv dqmvjv Ges
mrKvRi Av`k, Amr KvRi wbla Ges Avjvni cwZ `vIqvZ
Kivi Rb|
I

.[/ ]H
n `vE`! Avwg ZvgvK cw_exZ cwZwbwa KiwQ, GZGe, Zzwg

gvbyli gvS bvqmZfve dqmvjv Ki Ges LqvjLykxi
AbymiY Kiv bv| Zv ZvgvK Avjvni c_ _K wePzZ Ki
è| wbq hviv Avjvni c_ _K wePzZ nq, Zvì Rb iqQ
KVvi kvw, G KviY h, Zviv wnmve wèmK fyj hvq|
[m~iv ^`:26]
`vwqZkxj Kviv:
Ejyj Avgi Z_v `vwqZkxj njv: miKvix AvgxiMY (gx I
kvmbKZviv) I Djvgve`| ZvB Djvgve` Avjvni kwiqZ eqvb
Kivi evcvi Avgvì welqvwì AwffveK| Avi AvgxiMY njb
Avjvni kwiqZ evevq I Avjvni bvwRjKZ weavb viv dqmvjv
Kivi evcvi Avgvì welqvwì AwffveK| Avi AvgxiMY
Djvgve` Qvov Ges Djvgve` AvgxiMY Qvov KLbv `p nZ
cvie bv| Avi Avjvni kwiqZ Rvbvi Rb AvgxiMY Djvgveì
Avkq wbeb| Avjvni ev`vì cwZ Avjvni kwiqZ evevqb
824
LjvdZ I AvgxivZ
Kivi evcvi AvjgMY AvgxiìK IqvR-bwmnZ Kieb Ges

Avgxiì cwZ Djveì AvbyMZ Kiv Riwi| Avi Avjvni
bvdigvwb bv Ggb KvR Avgvì cwZ Djvgve` I AvgxiMYi
AvbyMZ Kiv Riwi|
1. Avjvni evYx:
I

.[/ ] H
n Cgvb`viMY! Avjvni wb`k gvb Ki, wb`k gvb Ki im~ji

Ges Zvgvì ga hviv Ejyj Avgi Zvì| Zvici hw` Zvgiv
Kvb welq weev` ce nq co, Zvnj Zv Avjvn I Zuvi im~ji
cwZ cZcY Ki hw` Zvgiv Avjvn I kl we`mi Dci wekmx
nq _vK| Avi GUvB KjvYKi Ges cwiYwZi w`K w`q Dg|
[m~iv wbmv:59]
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2. Avyjvn Beb Dgvi [] _K ewYZ, wZwb bex [] _K eYbv

Kib| wZwb [] ejQb:gymwjg ewi cwZ hv m cQ` Ki
Avi hv cQ` Ki bv cvci wb`k bv nj Zv bv I AvbyMZ Kiv
Riwi| Avi hLb Kvb cvci wb`k Kiv ne ZLb m welq bv
I AvbyMZ Kiv Riwi bq|1
wbgi h Kvb GKwU cvq ivcwZi gZv mymve ne:
1
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LjvdZ I AvgxivZ
1. gymjgvbì HKgZ GLwZqvi Kiv| Avi Zuvi wbqvM ne c~Y

KZZi AwaKvix bZeM hgb:IjvgvMY, mreweM I wewk
jvKRbi AvbyMZ ^xKvii viv|
2. c~ei ivcwZi wbqvM viv Zuvi KZZ mve nIqv|
3. cinRMviì wbw` wKQz msLK gvbyli civgki wfwZ
Qo Ìqv| AZ:ci Zuviv hvi evcvi HKgZ cvlY Kieb
wZwb neb|
4. gvbyli Dci Rvic~eK kw viv KZZ bqv; hvi dj gvbyl
Zvi ekZv ^xKvi Kie Ges ZvK ivcwZ ej Avnvb
Kie| G Aevq Avjvni bvdigvwb bq Ggb KvR RbMYi
cwZ Zvi AvbyMZ Kiv Riwi|
Cgvb I mr Avgji viv Rwgb LjvdZ cwZwZ nq:
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
g f e d c b a ` _ ^ ] \{
vut s r q p o n m l k j i h
z d c b a ` _ ~ } |{ z y x w
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Zvgvì ga hviv Cgvb Avb I mrAvgj Ki, Avjvn ZvìK

Iqv`v w`qQb h, ZvìK AekB Rwgb LjvdZ `vb Kieb|
hgb wZwb LjvdZ `vb KiwQjb Zvì c~eeZxìK Ges wZwb
AekB my`p Kieb Zvì xbK, hv wZwb Zvì Rb cQ`
KiQb Ges Zvì fq-fxwZi cwieZ AekB ZvìK kvw
`vb Kieb| Zviv GKgv Avgvi Gev`Z Kie Ges Avgvi mv_
KvDK kwiK Kie bv| Gici hviv Kzdwi Kie ZvivB Aeva|
[m~iv b~i: 55]
LjvdZ KzivBkì gvS Avi gvbyl Zvì Abymvix:
826
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ejZ bwQ:wbq G welq (LjvdZ) KzivBkì gvS hZ
w`b Zviv xb Kvqg Kie| KD Zvì `ykgwb Kij Avjvn
Zvqvjv ZvK Rvnvbvg Zvi gyLi Dci wbc Kieb|1
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wZwb [] ejb:KzivBkì `yRb evwK _vKv ch G welq
(LjvdZ) Zvì gvSB _vKe|2
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ejQb:G (LjvdZ) evcvi gymjgvbiv gymjgvb KzivBkì
Abymvix Avi Agymwjgiv Agymwjg KzivBkì Abymvix ne|3
miKvix Kvb c` ev `vwqZ PvIqv I Zvi cwZ jvf Kiv

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im~jyjvn [] AvgvK ejb:Zzwg Kvb c`-`vwqZ PvBe bv;
KviY PvIqvi ci ZvgvK Zv `qv nj Zvi w`KB ZvgvK
mc` Kiv ne| Avi hw` bv PqB ZvgvK Zv `qv nq Ze
Zvi cwZ ZvgvK mvnvh Kiv ne|---1
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weKi-AcwiwPZ Aevq i nqQ| Avevi Bmjvg weKiAcwiwPZ Aevq wdi Avme hgb i nqwQj| Avi G Bmjvg
`yB gmwR` (gv I g`xbvi) ga wdi Avme hgb mvc (Zvi
MZ nZ ei nq) Avevi MZB wdi Avm|1
'8& : hr+ @ " :(# rt + $+24iW :1 + Sg 1A+ 1 6 "
.( 5 @
gymbv` Avngvì GK eYbvq iqQ: hgbfve Avi nqwQjGi ci GmQ: AZGe, wewZ-AcwiwPZ jvKì Rb
mymsev`| wRvmv Kiv njv mB wewZ-AcwiwPZ eweM Kviv?
wZwb [] ejjb: wewfb Mvi GKwb wnRiZKvixMY|
DxY I bvRvZi c_:
Avjvn Zvqvjv Avgvì Rb xbK cwic~Y Ki w`qQb,
xbi gvag wbqvgZK mb KiQb Ges BmjvgK xb wnmve
gbvwbZ Ki wbqQb| AZGe, h ew BmjvgK xb wnmve
MnY KiQ m BnKvj mfvMevb nqQ Ges AvLivZ RvbvZ
cek Kie| Avi h ew xb nZ wegyL nqQ m BnKvj
`~fvM Ges AvLivZ Rvnvbvg cek Kie| Avi Bmjvg Qvov
Avjvn Zvqvjv Kviv c nZ Ab Kvb xb KLbB Keyj Kieb
bv|
z c vu t s r q p on m l k{
:
1
. gymwjg nvt bs 146 k ZviB, Avngv` nvt bs 3784
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
856
cwic~Y xb Bmjvg
AvR Avwg Zvgvì Rb xbK cwic~Y Ki w`jvg, Zvgvì

cwZ Avgvi bqvgZK m~Y Ki w`jvg Ges BmjvgK Zvgvì
xb wnmve gbvwbZ Ki wbjvg| [m~iv gvq`v: 3]
z l k j i h g f e d c b a `_{
: D
h Bmjvg ewZZ Ab xb A^lY Ki Avjvn Zvi c nZ H

xb KLbI MnY Kieb bv Avi m AvLivZ wZMì Afy
ne| [m~iv Avj-Bgivb: 85]

6 zk" : ' ! " #
$%
2!
: 0 U +

9" {
2S0 ' E4 [
" z; 2<0 R '@m4 j k U @ 1_ G + ` S B
0 j 1 #+ 1C 'SO
@
. B@ bc
. ' f
O%
@ J g H + Z
! 4 zk+ @ ~ 0
3. Avey ivBiv (iv:) nZ ewYZ, im~jyjvn (`:) ejb: mB mvi

kc_ hvi nvZ gynvì cvY! G DZi Kvb Bw` I Lxvb
Avgvi K_v bvi ci Avgvi wimvjvZi cwZ Cgvb bv Gb gZyeiY
Kij m AekB Rvnvbvgx ne|1
gvbyli Kvh-Kgi wdKvn Z_v m~ eyS:
G `ywbqvZ hvwKQy AvQ meB ^ I `Z wb:kl nIqvi
mvgMx| Avi AvLivZi gyKvejvq `ywbqvZ hv AvQ Gi KvbB
g~j bB| gvbyl G `ywbqvZ hv Ki mewKQyi cfve co wbRi
AvZvi Dci| hw` Lvivc Ki Zvnj m wbRi RbB Awb
msMn Kij Ges hw` KjvYKi wKQy Ki Zvnj wbRi RbB
KjvY eq Avbj| hgb Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
~ } I

1
.gymwjg nvt bs 153
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
857
cwic~Y xb Bmjvg
.[/9% ] H
Zvgiv hw` fvj Ki, Ze wbRìB fvj Kie Ges hw` g` Ki

Ze ZvI wbRìB RbB| Gici hLb wZxq m mgqwU Gj,
ZLb Ab ev`vìK ciY Kijvg, hvZ Zvgvì gyLgj
weKZ Ki `q, Avi gmwR` XyK co hgb c_gevi XyKwQj
Ges hLbB Rqx nq, mLvbB cyivcywi asmh Pvjvq|
[m~iv ewb BmivCj:7]
gvbyli `ywbqvi mg Kvh-Kgi wfwZ Zvi AvLivZ
Avevmj wbwgZ ne hvi viv m wKqvgZ cuQe I vqx evmx`v
ne| ZvB gvbyli AvMi I cii, ùvwoq I em, K_v ejv I
bv, AvbyMZ I bvdigvwb, AvnvbKvix I wkK, evwoZ
AevbKvix ev gymvwdi| G wewfb aibi mg Kvh-gi wfwZ
Zvi AvLivZi mekl gwj I vqx wbevm wbwgZ ne|
gywgb G viv RvbvZ Zvi evjvLvbv vqx wbevm wbgvY Kie
Avi Kvdi G viv Rvnvbvg Zvi vqx RjLvbv wbgvY Kie|
AZGe, gvbyl AvLivZ ZvB cve hv m `ywbqvZ msMn Kie
Ges mB dmjB KvUe hv m wbR ivcY Kie| hgb Avjvn
Zvqvjv ejb:
H I
.[/;7)<]
h mrKg Ki, m wbRi DcKvii RbB Ki, Avi h AmrKg

Ki, Zv Zvi DciB eZve| Avcbvi cvjbKZv ev`vì cwZ
gvUB Ryjyg Kib bv| [ m~iv nv-gxg mR`v:46]
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
858
gvbe mwi inm
2-gvbe mwi wcQb wnKgZ I inm

1. Avjvn Zvqvjv G wekRMr mw KiQb Zuvi cwic~Y vb-Mwigv
I kw-gZv weKvki Rb; ZvBZv mewKQyB ZuviB mv_ cweZv
eYbv Ki PjQ|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
{
:01
z
Avjvn Zvqvjv mvKvk mw KiQb Ges cw_exI mB

cwigvYi; Gmei ga Zuvi Av`k AeZxY nq, hvZ Zvgiv
RvbZ cvi h, Avjvn mekwgvb Ges mewKQy Zuvi MvPixf~Z|
[ myiv ZvjvK: 12]
2. Avjvn Zvqvjv Rxb I BbmvbK GKgv wkiKgy GKK
Avjvn Zvqvjvi Gev`Zi RbB mw KiQb|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
q p o n m l k j i h g f e d c{
- :(E
z s r
Avwg wRb I BbmvbK GKgv Avgvi Bev`Zi RbB mw KiwQ,

Avwg Zvì KvQ Kvb wiwRK PvB bv Ges PvB bv h, Zviv AvgvK
LvIqve| [m~iv hvwiqvZ:56-57]
gvbyl h mKj i I chvq gvbyl AwZg Ki:
Avjvn Zvqvjv gvbe RvwZK mw KiQb Ges ZvK mgq,
vb I Aevi wewfb i I chvq AwZg Kwiq mekl vb
RvbvZ A_ev Rvnvbvg wPivqx Kieb| G mKj i I chvq
njv:
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
859
gvbe mwi inm
1. gvqi Mf:
gvbyl h i ev vb mec_ g AwZg Ki Zv njv gvqi Mf,
GLvb Aevb Kvj njv Kg-ekx cvq bq gvm| Avjvn Zvqvjv
^xq Amxg vb-Mwigv I KzìZ-wnKgvZ Gi gvag G Mfxi
AKvi Zvi cqvRbymvi cvbvnvi I Avkq j w`q GK Aeqe
MVb Kib| gvbyl G i Kvb Revew`wn ne bv| G i _vKvi
wnKgvZ njv `ywU: c_gZ: kixii A-cZi c~YZv jvf|
wZxqZ: wfZi-evwni c~Y mwi AvKwZ jvf Ki `ywbqvZ AvMgb
NUvbv|
2. cvw_e Rxeb:
gvbyli Rxebi G iwU gvqi Mfi Pq Aviv evcK Ges
m Zzjbvq GLvb ewk w`b Aevb Ki| Avjvn Zvqvjv G Rxeb
gvbylK vb-eyw, keY-`kb BZvw` kw w`q mKj cKvi
cqvRbxq welqi eev Kib| Gi Rb ciY Kib bex-im~j
Ges Zvi AvbyMZi wb`k `b I bvdigvwb KiZ euvav `b| Avi
AvbyMZi cyivi njv RvbvZ Ges bvdigvbi kvw njv
Rvnvbvg| G Rxeb Aevbi wnKgvZ njv `ywU:
c_g: Avjvni cwZ c~Y Cgvb Avbqb Ges mrKg mv`b hv Avjvn
RvbvZ ceki gvag evwbqQb|
wZxq: Avgjmn cieZx i MgYi cwZ MnY|
3. Keii Rxeb:
Bnv njv AvLivZi c_g avc, gvbyl mLvb mgM mwi gZz
I wKqvgZ cwZv nIqv ch Aevb Kie| Kei Aevb njv
cvw_e Rxebi Pq `xN Ges mLvbi kvw I kvw njv `ywbqvi
Pq evcK I cwic~Y| g~jZ: Zv ne gvbyli Avgj Abyhvqx|
Kei ne RvbvZi GKwU evwMPv A_ev Rvnvbvgi GKwU MZ|
mLvb _KB i ne gvbyli KZKgi djvdj fvM| AZ:ci
Mgb Kie wPivqx vb RvbvZ ev Rvnvbvg|
860
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
gvbe mwi inm
4. AvLivZi Rxeb:
AvLivZi Rxeb njv GK mxgvnxb mvaviY Rxeb| gywgbì
Rb iqQ mLvb me cKvi wbqvgZ I DcfvMi welq| cvw_e
Rxeb h ew Avjvni mw Abyhvqx Cgvb GbQ, mrKg KiQ,
Av`k MoQ wKqvgZi wèm Avjvn ZvK m Kieb cwic~Y
wbqvgZ w`q, hv m KLbI `Lwb, bwb I Abyfe Kiwb| Avi
hw` Cgvb bv Avb Ges mrKg bv Ki Zvnj Zvi cwZ`vb njv
wPivqx Rvnvbvg| gywgb ew hLb Kvb i nZ ei nq AviK
i hvq ZLb Zvi Aev Aviv DbZ nq GgbwK RvbvZ wMq m
wPivqx nq hvq|
mg gLjyK mwi wnKgZ-inm:
Avjvn Zvqvjv mg gLjyK mwi gvS AbK gnr wnKgZ I
inm iqQ Zba iZcY~ njv:
1. Avjvn Zvqvjvi Gev`Z Kivi Rb| hgb Avjvn Zvqvjv
ejb:
q p o n m l k ji hgfe d cI
.[-/ ]H
{ z y x w v u ts r
Avgvi Gev`Z Kivi RbB Avwg gvbe I wRb RvwZ mw KiwQ|

Avwg Zvì KvQ RxweKv PvB bv Ges GUvI PvB bv h, Zviv
AvgvK Avnvh hvMve| Avjvn Zv RxweKv`vZv kwi Avavi,
civv| [m~iv hvwiqvZ: 56-58]
2. mwKzjK Avjvni kw I cwZwU wRwbmi Zuvi vbi Afy
G K_v Rvwbq `qv; hvZ Ki Zviv Zuvi AvbyMZ I Gev`Z Ki|
hgb Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
I
.[/ ]?>H

Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
861
gvbe mwi inm
Avjvn mvKvk mw KiQb Ges cw_exI mB cwigvY, Gmei

ga Zuvi Av`k AeZxY nq, hvZ Zvgiv RvbZ cvi h, Avjvn
mekwgvb Ges mewKQy Zuvi MvPixf~Z| [m~iv ZvjvK:12]
3. gnvb Avjvn Zvqvjv GKgv Gev`Zi nK`vi Zvi `wjj
Kvqg Kiv|
} | { z y x w v u t s r q pI
m lkji h g f e d c b a ` _ ~
.[-/ ]H n
Zviv wK Zvì Dcwi AvKvki cvb `wcvZ Ki bvAvwg

wKfve Zv wbgvY KiwQ Ges mykvwfZ KiwQ? ZvZ Kvb wQÌ
bB| Avwg f~wgK weZ KiwQ, ZvZ ceZgvjvi fvi vcb
KiwQ Ges ZvZ mecKvi bqbvwfivg Dw` D`MZ KiwQ, GUv
vb AvniY I iY Kivi gZ evcvi cZK AbyivMx ev`vi
Rb| [m~iv Kd:6-8]
4. Av`k I wbla viv gLyjKK cixv Kiv; K Zuv AbyMZ Avi
K bvdigvb Ges Aviv cixv Kiv h, K mePq mevg
AvgjKvix| hgb Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
_ ^ ] \ [ Z Y X W V U TI
l k j i h g f e dcb a `
.[/ ]Hts r q p o n m
wZwbB Avmgvb I RwgbK Qq w`b Zix KiQb, Zuvi Avik wQj

cvwbi Dci, wZwb ZvgvìK cixv KiZ Pvb h, Zvgvì
ga K mePq fvj KvR Ki| Avi hw` Avcwb ZvìK ejb
h, wbq ZvgvìK gZzi ci RxweZ DVvbv ne, ZLb
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
862
gvbe mwi inm
Kvdiiv Aek ej GUv Zv Rv`y| [m~iv n~`:7]

5. `ywbqvi Avgji wnme AvLivZ ev`vK cwZ`vb c`vb Kiv|
i h g f e d c b a ` _ ~ } |I
.[/6+ ]Hlk j
Avmgvbmg~n I Rwgb hv wKQy AvQ, meB Avjvni, hvZ wZwb

g`KgxìK Zvì Kgi cwZdj `b Ges mrKgxìK `b
fvj dj| [m~iv bvRg: 31]
6. Avjvn Zvqvjv Zuvi mwi cwZ wiwRK `vbi `qv, AbyKv I
Gnmvbi eoZi eYbv Kiv; hvZ Ki ev`vi Dci Avjvni
AbyKv I Gnmvb `L Zvì cwZcvjKi Gev`Z KiZ mnR
nq|
I
.[/ ]H
AvjvnB Zvgvì mw KiQb, AZ:ci wiwRK w`qQb, Gici

Zvgvì gZz èb, Gici Zvgvì RxweZ Kieb| Zvgvì
kixKì ga Ggb KD AvQ wK, h Gme KvRi ga Kvb
GKwUI KiZ cvie? Zviv hvK kixK Ki, Avjvn Zv _K
cwe I gnvb| [m~iv ig:40]
7. RvbvZ cek I wKqvgZi w`b Avjvni bKUjvf Kiv| hgb
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
.[-/]Hfe d c b a ` _ ^ ] \ [ ZI
Avjvnfxiiv _vKe RvbvZ I wbSwiYxZ| hvM Avmb,

mevwacwZ mgvUi mvwba| [m~iv Kvgvi:54-55]
AvZvi cwic~Y bqvgZ:
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
863
gvbe mwi inm
Avjvn Zvqvjv gvbylK AwZ myì Aeqe mw KiQb Ges

ZvK mKj mwi Pq mvwbZ KiQb, gvbe`ni cwZwU Ai
GK c~YZv iLQb Zv ARb bv nj gvbyl GK `y:wv I e_ve`bvi ga co hvq| Avjvn PvLi c~YZv iLQb `kb,
Kvbi c~YZv iLQb keY Ges wRnevi c~YZv iLQb K_v
ejvZ| hLb Gme Ai c~YZv nvwiq hvq ZLb `Lv `q e_ve`bv I Acwic~YZv|
Abyic Avjvn Zvqvjv AvZvi cwic~YZv Avb`, ckvw I
Av^v` iLQb Zvi cwZcvjKK Rvbv, ZvK fvjvevmv, Zuvi
mw gvZveK KvR Kiv BZvwì gvag| Ai hLb Zvi G
cwic~YZv nvwiq dj ZLb Pz I KYi `kb, keY nvivbvi
PqI AwaKY Akvw I e_v-e`bv Abyfe nq| Pz hgb
m~hK `LZ cvq, wbLuyZ AvZvI Zgwb mZK `LZ cvq|
BnKvj I ciKvji m~ eyS:
Avjvn Zvqvjv cwZwU wRwbmi m`h I Dk w`qQb|
hgb Dw` Gi m`h njv Wvj-cvjv, cvZv I dzj, wK Dk
njv dj I dmj| Abyic cvkvKi m`h I Dk iqQDk njv- kixiK XK ivLv, Ggwb `ywbqviI m`h I Dk
iqQ, cw_exi eyK hv wKQy iqQ Zv nj cw_exi m`h Avi
Cgvb I mrKg nj cw_exi Dk|
`ywbqv ev cw_ex nj m`h Avi AvLivZ nj Dk| hviv G
DkK fyj MQ Zviv m`h wbq e nq coQ| bexMY
(Av:) Ges Zuvì Abymvixiv cKZ Dk mvab gkj| Avi
`ywbqv`viiv `ywbqvi PvKwPK, Lj-Zvgvkv BZvw` wbq e|
g~jZ: Avjvn Zvqvjv AvgvìK cqvRb Abyhvqx `ywbqv MnY
KiZ Ges mvg_ Abyhvqx AvLivZi KvR KiZ wb`k
w`qQb|
hLb `ywbqvi PvKwPK I AvLivZi Dk gyLvgywL nq hve
ZLb AvLivZi Dk Z_v Avjvn hv cQ` Kib Zvi AvbyMZ,
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
864
gvbe mwi inm
Zvi im~ji AbymiY, Avjvni c_ wRnv` Ges Avjvni xbi

cPvi-cmvi BZvw`K AekB Avgiv cvavb wè|
:AB8
z k j i h g f e d c b a `{
Avwg cw_ex mewKQyK cw_exi Rb m`h îc KiwQ, hvZ

Zvì cixv Kwi h, Zvì ga K AwaK fvj KvR Ki|
[m~iv Kvnvd: 8]
ed c b a ` _ ^ ] \ [ Z Y X{
u t s rqp o n m l k j i h g f
e d c b a ` _ ~ } | {zy x w v
s rqp o n m l k j i h g f
- :( z ~ } | { z yx w v u t
Zvgiv Rb ivL, cvw_e Rxeb Lj Zvgvmv, mvR-mv,

cviwiK AnwgKv Ges abRbi cvPzh eZxZ Avi wKQy bq| hgb
GK ewi Aev, hvi meyR dmj KlKìK PgrKZ Ki, Gici
Zv wKq hvq, dj Zzwg ZvK cxZeY `LZ cvI, Zvici Zv
LiKzUv nq hvq| Avi ciKvj AvQ KwVb kvw Ges Avjvni gv
I mw| cvw_e Rxeb cZviYvi DcKiY e wKQy bq| Zvgiv
AM avweZ nI Zvgvì cvjbKZvi gv I mB RvbvZi w`K,
hv AvKvk I cw_exi gZ ck| GUv cZ Kiv nqQ Avjvn I
Zvui im~jMYi cwZ wekvm vcbKvixì Rb| GUv Avjvni Kcv
wZwb hvK BQv `vb Kib, Avjvn gnvb Kcvi AwaKvix|
[m~iv nv`x`: 20-21]
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
865
gvbe mwi inm
t s r q p o n m l k{
~ } | { z y x w v u
l k j i h gfe d c b a ` _
:23#) z m
ej, Zvgvì wbKU hw` Zvgvì wcZv, Zvgvì mvb,

Zvgvì fvB, Zvgvì cZx, Zvgvì Mv, Zvgvì AwRZ
ab-m`, Zvgvì eemv hv e nq hvIqvi fq Ki Ges
Zvgvì evmvb-hvK Zvgiv cQ` Ki-Avjvn, Zuvi im~j I Zuvi
ivn Rnv` Kiv _K AwaK wcq nq, Ze Acv Ki Avjvni
weavb Avmv ch, Avi Avjvn dvmK mc`vqK n`vqvZ Kib
bv| [m~iv ZvIev: 24]
AvLivZi Zzjbvq `ywbqvi gyjvqb:
Avjvn Zvqvjv Ges Zuvi im~j (`:) AvLivZi Zzjbvq `ywbqvi
gyjvqb my-fve eYbv KiQb Zv wbgic:
1. `ywbqvi g~j gyj:
Avjvn Zvqvjv wbRB eYbv Kib:
P O NM L K J I HG F E D C B A{
:#89
z R Q
GB cvw_e Rxeb Lj-Zvgvkv e wKQyB bq| ciKvji MnB cKZ

Rxeb hw` Zviv RvbZ| [m~iv AvbKveyZ: 64]
2. `ywbqvi mgqi gyj:
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
q p o n m l k j i h g f e d{
~ } | { z yx w v u t sr
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
866
gvbe mwi inm
:23#)
z b a ` _
n Cgvb`viMY! Zvgvì wK nj, hLb Avjvni c_ ei nevi

Rb Zvgvì ejv nq, ZLb gvwU Rwoq ai, Zvgiv wK
AvLivZi cwieZ `ywbqvi Rxeb cwiZz nq Mj? A_P
AvLivZi Zzjbvq cvw_e Rxebi DcKiY AwZ mvgvb|
[m~iv ZvIev: 38]
3. IRbi `wKvb `ywbqvi gyj:
bex [] ejb:
. rq @ R + - < @ ]W g $5! @ RC
2A+ v
b 1
4 1 A a #&1 Z
g 2
.zk@7 bc
Avjvn Zvqvjvi wbKU `ywbqv hw` gkvi Qv GKwU Wvbvi mgZzj
nZv Zvnj Avjvn Kvb KvdiK GK XvK cvwbI cvb KiZ
w`Zb bv|1
4. cwigvc `ywbqvi gyj:
bex [] ejb:
$#O
0 -" j k U A %
H g4 1 G (4 A T
0 @ (4 Q @ H : c W #&1 @ "
. B@ bc.
` b a + Y4 # W I # W R +''B+
Avjvni Kmg! Zvgvì KD wekvj mgy` G AvyjwU (eYYvKvix

Gnqv kvnv`vZ Avyji cwZ BwZ Kib) Wyweq w`j ZvZ
hZUzKz cvwb wdi Avm AvLivZi Zzjbvq `ywbqv nj mic
mvgvb ZzQ cwigvY|2
5. AvqZbi w`K _K `ywbqvi gyj:
bex [] ejb:
1
.nv`xmwU mnxn wjMvBwiwn, wZiwghx nvt bs 2320, wmjwmjv mnxnv nvt bs 943 è
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
867
gvbe mwi inm
. <#W @" #&1 @ _ # c R 'T

W C2 ! " RC 5 G `
2 @
RvbvZ GKwU Kov ev Qwo mgcwigvY vb `ywbqv I `ywbqvi
mewKQyi Pq AbK Dg|1
6. ìnvg ev gy`vi w`K _K `ywbqvi gyj:
.zV bc
kU J &PO

0 4 &0 : ' E4 s4 m4+ k c mW " 7W Z
C I#@ 'x! z
1 T
+ & '@
4 ' J 2&O
a : ! + ` [
@" rq K
+ ' &PO
@ :245W h U 1 +
: 95W hZ
_ I#@ 2 U "
# W &x! 'm #W ]#
J g \#G J g 2 " :24 h
. B@ bc
. 4 #
kU @ $
J4 2 U #&1 2W
bex (`:) GK`v QvU Kvb I KvUv wewk GKwU gZ QvMjQvbvi cvk
w`q AwZg KiwQjb, ZLb H gZ QvMQvbvi Kvb ai ejjb:
Zvgvì K AvQ h G gZ QvMQvbvwU GK wìnvgi wewbgq
wbZ cQ` Ki? mvnvevMY (iv:) ejjb: Kvb wKQyi wewbgq
Avgvì KD Zv wbZ cQ` Ki bv, Avi Avgiv Zv KieB ev wK?
bex (`:) ejjb:GUv Zvgvì nvK Zv PvI bv? Zvuiv ejjb:
Avjvni Kmg! GUv hw` RxweZ _vKZ ZeyI Avcw wQj KviY Zvi
Kvb QvU I KvUv, AwZwi Zv gZ| GgZvevq wK nZ cvi? bex
(`:) ejjb: Rb ivL, Bnv Zvgvì KvQ hgb gyjnxb I
ZzQ Zgwb Zvi PqI `ywbqv Avjvn Zvqvjvi KvQ AwaK gyjnxb
I ZzQ |2
mfvM I `~fvMi g~j:
Avjvn Zvqvjv gvbyli Cgvb, mrKg Ges Kzdwi I AmrKg
Abyhvqx mfvM I `~fvMK wbaviY Ki iLQb| myZivs, h
ew Cgvb GbQ Ges Avjvn I Zuvi im~ji wb`k Abymvi
mrKg KiQ m `ywbqvB mfvMevb| AZ:ci gZzi mgq
divì mymsev` I myjf AvPiY mfvMevb| Abyic Kie,
1

Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
868
gvbe mwi inm
nvki Ges mekl RvbvZ wMq cwic~Y mfvM jvf Kie| Aci
c gvbyl Zvi Kzdwi I AmrKgi KviY `ywbqvq gZzi mgq,
Kei, nvki Ges mekl Rvnvbvg wMq P~ovfve `~fvMv ne|
Avi h ew wewfbfve Ges ewk cwigvY Avjvni mwg~jK
KvR Ki, Zvi Rb RvbvZ wewfb iKg I ewk cwigvY myL-kvw
I Avivg Avqk _vKe| cvi h wewfb cKvi I ewk cwigvY
Avjvni Amw g~jK KvR Ki Zvi Rb Rvnvbvg wewfb iKg I
ewk cwigvY K, `y:L I kvw _vKe|
f edc b a ` _ ~ } | { z y{
: z l k j i h g
h mrKg mv`b Ki Ges m Cgvb`vi, cyil nvK wKsev bvix

nvK Avwg ZvK cwe Rxeb `vb Kie Ges cwZ`vb ZvìK
Zvì Dg KvRi KviY cvc cyivi è hv Zviv KiZ|
[m~iv bvnj: 97]
{
FED C B A
V U T SRQ P O N M L K J I H G

:
z X W
Avi h Avgvi iY _K gyL wdwiq wbe, Zvi Rxeb msKxY

ne Ges Avwg ZvK wKqvgZi w`b A Aevq DwZ Kie| m
eje: n Avgvi cvjbKZv! AvgvK Kb A Aevq DwZ
Kijb? AvwgZv Pzgvb wQjvg| Avjvn ejeb: Ggwbfve Zvgvi
KvQ Avgvi AvqvZmg~n GmwQj, AZ:ci Zzwg mjv fyj
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
869
gvbe mwi inm
wMqwQj, Zgwbfve AvR ZvgvK fyj hve| Ggwbfve Avwg

ZvK cwZdj wè, h mxgvjNb Ki Ges cvjbKZvi K_vq
wekvm vcb bv Ki| Avi ciKvji kvw KVviZi Ges AbK
vqx| [m~iv Z-nv: 124-127]
h DcKvix wRwbm ZvM Ki m wZKi wRwbm cwZZ nq:
Avjvn Zvqvjvi wPiv-PwiZ wbqg h, hLb KD mgZv
mZI DcKvix welq eRb Ki ZLb Avjvn Zvqvjv ZvK
DcKvix welq nZ ewZ Kib Ges wZKviK welq e Ki
w`q cixv Kib| gykiKiv hLb Avjvni Gev`Z eRb Kij,
Avjvn ZLb ZvìK cwZgvi c~Rvq e Ki w`jb| Zviv hLb
im~ji AvbyMZ eRb Kij ZLb weeK-eyw I xb ewRZ welqi
AvbyMZ i Ki w`j| hLb Avjvni wKZvei AbymiY eRb Kij
ZLb wbggvbi bvsiv Mi AbymiY KiZ jvMj Ges Avjvni
c_ eq eRb Ki kqZvbi c_ eq KiZ jvMj| Avi hviv
cewi AbymiY eRb Ki Avjvn Ges Zuvi im~ji AbymiY Ki,
Avjvn Zvqvjv Zvi Rb Zuvi fvjvevmv, AvbyMZ I Gev`Zi
c_K myMg Ki `b hv ZvK `ywbqvi mewKQyi Pq Ea wbq
hvq|
870
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
Bmjvgi evcKZv
3. Bmjvg agi evcKZv

Bmjvg wek-Rvnvbi Rb AbyMn Ges cwic~Y Rxeb eev|
Avjvn Zvqvjv Gi viv mgM mw ivwRi DcKvi KiQb Ges
wZwb kl bex I im~jMYi bZv gynv` (`:)K GB Bmjvg
mnKvi ciY KiQb Ges Zuvi (`:) DvZK wKqvgZ wèm
ch Bmjvgi w`K `vIqvZ c`vbi `vwqZ Acb Ki
mvwbZ KiQb|
1. Avjvn Zvqvjv wek-Rvnvbi ie-cvjbKZv, wZwb eZxZ Zvì
Rb Ab Kvb cvjbKZv bB| hgb: Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb :
:
z t s r q p{
ej Avwg gvbyli cvjbKZvi wbKU Avkq MnY KiwQ|

[m~iv bvm-1]
2. Avjvn Zvqvjv gvbyli AwacwZ| wZwb eZxZ Kvb cKZ
AwacwZ bB| GB K_vi mg_b Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
:
z w v u{
wZwb wek-Rvnvbi AwacwZ| [m~iv bvm-2]

3. Avjvn Zvqvjv wek-gvbei Dcvm| wZwb eZxZ cKZ Kvb
Dcvm bB| hgb : Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
:
z z y x{
wZwb wek-gvbei Dcvm| [m~iv bvm-3]

4. gvbyli n`vqZi Rb Avjvn Zvqvjv KziAvbyj Kvixg AeZxY
KiQb| `wjj: Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
r q p o n m l k j i h{
:
z t s
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
871
Bmjvgi evcKZv
igRvb gvm nj m gvm hvZ AeZxY nqQ KziAvb, hv gvbyli

Rb n`vqZ Ges mZ c_ hvxì Rb my c_wb`k Avi
mZ I wg_vi ga cv_K weavbKvix| [m~iv evKviv:185]
5. Avjvn Zvqvjv Zvui `~Z gynv` (`:)K mgM gvbe RvwZi wbKU
ciY KiQb| G evcvi Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
~ } | { z y xwv u{

:G z
Avwg ZvgvK mgM gvbe RvwZi Rb Kejgv mymsev` `vZv

Ges fxwZ c`kK ic ciY KiwQ wK AwaKvsk gvbyl Rvb
bv| [myiv mvev-28]
6. Avjvn Zvqvjv AvgvìK Kvev kixdi w`K gyL KiZ
Av`k KiQb| gvbe gjxi Rb wbwgZ GwUB c_g Ni| Gi
w`K gyL Ki gymjgvbiv mvjvZ Av`vq Ki Ges GB NiK K`
KiB Zviv nR mv`b Ki| G mK Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
t s r q p o n m l k j i h g f{

~ } | {z y x w vu
- : D z
gvbyli Rb wbwgZ c_g Ni ZvB hv evv Z_v gvq AewZ|

Bnv wek-Rvnvbi gvbyli Rb n`vqZ I eiKZgq| GZ iqQ
gvKvg Beivwngi gZ my- wb`kb| Avi h Gi wfZi cek
KiQ m wbivcv jvf KiQ| Ges gvbyli Dci Avjvn
Zvqvjvi cvc njv Zuvi Ni nR Kiv hvi G Ni cuQvi mvg_
iqQ| Avi h Bnv A^xKvi Ki ( m hb Rb ivL) Avjvn
Zvqvjv mg wek-RMZ nZ AgyLvcx|
[m~iv Avj Bgivb-96-97]
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
872
Bmjvgi evcKZv
7. Avjvn Zvqvjv eYbv KiQb h AekB GB DZB njv k

DZ| gvbe RvwZi KjvYi RbB Zvgvì Dvb nqQ|
(K) KziAvbyj Kvixg nZ `wjj:
W V U T S R Q P O N{
: D
z g ZY X
ZvgivB k RvwZ, gvbe RvwZi KjvYi RbB Zvgvì Dvb

NUvb nqQ| Zvgiv fvj KvRi Av`k Kie Avi Lvivc KvRi
euvav c`vb Kie Ges Avjvn Zvqvjvi Dci wekvm vcb Kie|
[m~iv Avj-Bgivb-110]
(L) nv`xm beex nZ `wjj:
! " #
$%
' Z
A S ! j I1b
#+
#C G + 8 < +

.(9b" '8
$
<@ g " U # c 7 R '@4
A ! J 24W2a 4 'H :4 2450
.zk@7" 1 bc
evnR Beb nvKxg nZ ewYZ, wZwb Zuvi wcZv nZ, Zuvi wcZv Zvi
`v`v nZ, wZwb (Zvi `v`v) ejb: Avwg bex Kixg (`:)K ejZ
bwQ| wZwb (`:) ejQb:mveavb! Zvgvì ga 70wU `ji
Avwefve NUe| Za ZvgivB ne Avjvn Zvqvjvi wbKU k
Ges mvwbZ|1
8. Avjvn Zvqvjvi c_ Avnvb Kiv Ges cw_exi c~e- cwg mKj
cvi gvbyli wbKU xb Bmjvg cuQvbv cZK gymwjgi Dci
AekKZe| hvZ Avjvn Zvqvjvi Kvjgv Z_v ZvInx` my-DP
nq Ges xb Kej Avjvni RbB nq hvq|
a ` _ ~ } |{ z y x w vu t s r q p{
1
.nv`xmwU nvmvb, Avngv` nvt bs 20282 k ZviB, wZiwghx nvt bs 3001
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
873
Bmjvgi evcKZv
:A#(
z c b
ej, GwUB Avgvi c_| Avwg Avjvni w`K eyS myS `vIqvZ `B
Ges Avgvi AbymvixivI| Avjvn Zvqvjv cwe Avi Avwg
gykiKì Afy bB| [m~iv BDmyd: 108]
(L) Avjvn Zvqvjvi Aviv evYx:
: D
z z y x w v u t{
Bnv gvbe gjxi Rb weeiY Avi gyvKxì Rb n`vqZ Ges

Dc`k| [m~iv Avj-Bgivb: 138]
(M) Avjvn Zvqvjvi Aviv evYx:
z {
:'H3
Bnv gvbyli Rb evZv Ges hvZ Zviv Gi viv mZK nq Ges

Rb bq h AvjvnB GKgv Dcvm Ges hvZ eywgvbMY wPvfvebv Ki| [m~iv Beivwng: 52]
9. Avjvn Zvqvjv gvbylK GKKfve Zuvi Gev`Z Kivi Rb
Avnvb KiQb| Zuvi m Kvb wKQyK kwiK vcbi Rb bq
Ges bv kwiK Zvui bvgmg~n, bmg~n Ges KvhvejxZ| Avi G
w`K gvbylK WvKvi `vwqZ c`vb Ki wZwb AvgvìK mvwbZ
KiQb| ZvB KziAvbyj Kvixg gvbylìK j Ki Zuvi h
c_g Avnvb Zv njv Zviv hb GKKfve Avjvn Zvqvjvi Dci
wekvm vcb Ki, Zuvi m KD hb Kvb wKQyi gvag kwiK bv
Ki| G evcvi gnvb Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
wv u t s r q p o n m l{
~ } | { z y x
- :
z
874
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
Bmjvgi evcKZv
n gvbe gjx! Zvgiv Zvgvì H cwZcvjKi Gev`Z Ki|

whwb ZvgvìK Ges Zvgvì c~eeZxìK mw KiQb, hvZ
Zvgiv gyvKx nI| whwb Zvgvì Rb RwgbK weQvbv Ges
AvmgvbK Qv` îc vcb Ki w`qQb Ges wZwb Avmgvb nZ
ew AeZxY Kib| AZ:ci Gi viv wZwb dj-djv`x Drcb Kib
Zvgvì RxweKv wbevni Rb| myZivs Rb eyS Zvgiv Avjvn
Zvqvjvi m mgK mve Kiv bv| [m~iv evKviv: 21-22]
10. Avjvn Zvqvjv wek RMZi cwZcvjK, wZwb eZxZ Ab Kvb
cwZcvjK bB| G evcvi Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
:2K.
z J I H G F{
hveZxq cksmv Avjvn Zvqvjvi whwb wek-Rvnvbi cvjbKZv|

[m~iv dvwZnv: 1]
11. wZwb Zuvi im~j gynv` (`:)K wek-RMZi fxwZ-c`kK ic
ciY KiQb|
(K) Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
:L.
z {
cig KjvYgq mB mv whwb Zuvi ev`vi Dci cv_KKvix M

AeZxY KiQb hvZ m wek-RMZi Rb fxwZc`kK nq|
[m~iv dziKvb: 1]
(L) Avjvn Zvqvjvi Aviv evYx:
:H*
z e d c b a `{
Avwg ZvgvK wek-RMZi Rb Kej AbyMnic ciY KiwQ|

[m~iv Avw^qv: 107]
h Bmjvg Qvov Ab Kvb xbi AbyMZ ne Zvi weavb:
h ew Bmjvg Qvov Ab Kvb xbi AbyMZ ne m Kvdi|
Pvn m Bw` nvK ev Lxvb nvK wKsev AwM c~RK BZvw` hB
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
875
Bmjvgi evcKZv
nvK| Bwìv Kvdi; Kbbv Zviv bex-imyjìK nZv KiQ

Ges Cmv []K wg_vivc KiQ| Avi LxbivI KvKi; KviY
Zviv ejQ Avjvn wZbRbi GKRb Ges gynv` []K wg_vivc
KiQ|
Avi ZIivZ I Bwj Avmgvbx wKZve wK mjvi gva
cwieZb I cwieab NUQ| AZ:ci mjvi AvgjK AvjKziAvb viv gnvb Avjvn Zvqvjv iwnZ Ki w`qQb|
Bw` I Lxviv gynv` []-Gi im~j wnme ciYi ci
mKjB Avjvni c _K MRecv; KviY Zviv mZK Rvbvi ci
ZvM KiQ| hvi dj Zviv vai Dci va ARb KiQ|
Avi h ew Bw` I LxvbìK Kvdi eje bv Ges h Avjvn
Qvov Abi Gev`Z Kie mB Kvdi| Avgvì cwZ IqvwRe
njv: hvK Avjvn Zvqvjv Kvdi ejQb ZvK Kvdi ejv|
hvKB Avjvn Kvdi ejQb mB Kvdi Avi hvK Kvdi
ejbwb m Kvdi bq| Avi hvK Avjvn Kvdi ejQb ZvK
hviv Kvdi eje bv Gi A_ ùvove h, Avjvn Zvì xb Keyj
Kieb| Avi G K_vi viv Avjvni wbgi evYx wg_vq cwiYZ
ne| Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
Hlk j i h g f e d c b a ` _I
.[/ D]
Ges h Bmjvg Qvov Ab Kvb xb Zvjvk Kie Kbv Zvi

_K Zv Keyj Kiv ne bv| Avi AvLivZ m wZMì Afy
ne| [m~iv Avj-Bgivb: 85]
Avi Avjvn Zvqvjv KziAvb Bw` I Lxvb Ges hviv Avjvni
Ab Gev`Z Ki ZvìK Kvdi ej AvLvwqZ KiQb|
v uts r q p o n m l kI
~ } | { z y xw
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
876
Bmjvgi evcKZv
.[/-./ ]H
Bwìv ej IRvBi Avjvni cy Ges Lxvbiv ej gvmxn

Avjvni cy| G nQ Zvì gyLi K_v| Giv c~eeZx Kvdiì
gZ K_v ej| Avjvn Gì asm Kib, Giv Kvb& Dv c_ Pj
hvQ| [m~iv ZvIev: 30]
P O N ML K J I H GFE D C B AI
N[/ ]H R Q
Zviv ej, Zvgiv Bw` A_ev Lxvb nq hvI, ZeB myc_ cve|
Avcwb ejyb, KLbB bq; eis Avgiv Beivnxgi ag AvwQ hvZ
eZv bB| m gykiKì Afy wQj bv| [m~iv evKviv:135]
k ji h g f e d cba ` _ ~ } | {I
H vu t s r q p o n m l
.[/]
wbq Zviv Kvdi, hviv ej: Avjvn wZbi GK; A_P GK

Dcvm Qvov Kvb Dcvm bB| hw` Zviv ^xq Dw _K wbe bv
nq, Ze Zvì ga hviv Kzdi AUj _vKe, Zvì Dci
hYv`vqK kvw cwZZ ne| [m~iv gvq`v:73]
AZGe, Avgvì cwZ IqvwRe njv mKj KvdiìK
Bmjvgi w`K `vIqvZ-Avnvb Kiv m hB nvK bv Kb Ges
hgbB nvK bv Kb|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
H I
N[O6B.]
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
877
Bmjvgi evcKZv
GUv gvbyli GKwU msev`bvgv Ges hvZ GZviv fxZ nq Ges

hvZ Rb bq h, Dcvm wZwbB GKK Ges hvZ eywgvbiv wPvfvebv Ki| [m~iv Beivnxg:52]
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
878
`vIqvZi dwRjZ
4. Avjvni xbi w`K `vIqvZi dwRjZ

DZi Rb xb Bmjvgi cqvRb Hic hgb kixii Rb
in Z_v AvZvi cqvRb| myZivs, in hLb wewQb nq, ZLb
kixi gZ nq I cuP b nq hvq| DZ Z_v gymwjg RvwZi
UvI Abyic| hLb xb _K mi hve ZLb Zviv b I
asm nq hve|
im~j ciY Ki Avjvni AbyMn:
1. Avjvni ingZ cwZwU B weZ I ck| ev`vì Rb
Zuvi AbZg AbyMn njv h, wZwb Zvì wbKU AbK bex-im~j
cvwVqQb Ges AbK Avmgvwb wKZve AeZxY KiQb| bexim~jMY Zuvì cwZcvjK, mv Ges wiwRK`vZv mK gvbylK
AewnZ Kivb| Avjvn h me KvR m mjv Zvì wbKU
eYbv Kib GKKfve Zuvi AvbyMZ I Gev`Z KiZ Avnvb
Kib Ges Ges Zvi mv_ Kvb wKQyK kwiK vcb wbla Kib|
Avi Avjvn Zvqvjv mIqve I cwZ`vb Zvi RbB cZ Ki
iLQb h Zvi AvbyMZ Ki Ges kvw cZ Ki iLQb h
Zvi Aeva nq|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
:C
z b yx w v u t s r q p{
AZ:ci Zvì ga wKQy msLKK Avjvn n`vqZ KiQb Ges

wKQy msLKi Rb wec_MvwgZv AeavwiZ KiQb|
[m~iv-bnj: 36]
2. hLbB gvbyli Cgvb `yej nqQ Ges wkiK cwZZ nqQ
ZLbB Avjvn Zqvjv Zvì wbKU GKRb im~j cvwVqQb hvZ
Ki wZwb ZvìK ZvInx` Ges GKKfve Zuvi Gev`Zi w`K
Avnvb Kib| chvqg wZwb im~jMYK cvwVqQb| Avi me
im~jB weklfve ^xq Mvi wbKU cwiZ nqQb| kl bex
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
879
`vIqvZi dwRjZ
im~jMYi mi`vi| Avgvì wcq bex gynv` (`:)-Gi gvag

Avjvn Zvqvjv beyqvZ I wimvjZi gaviv kl KiQb|
Avjvn Zvqvjv gynv` (`:)K im~j gbvbxZ KiQb Ges
mKj gvbei Dk n`vqZ I mZ xbmn cvwVqQb|
AZ:ci im~jyjvn (`:) wimvjZi `vwqZ cuwQqQb| wZwb
Zuvi cwZ AwcZ cwe gnvAvgvbZ h_vh_fve Av`vq KiQb|
DZK Dc`k Ges bmxnZ KiQb| Avjvn Zvqvjvi c_
wRnv` KiQb| GgbwK DZK wZwb Ggb I mQ c_i
Dci iL MQb hvi ivwI w`bi bvq Dj I SKSK|
AvZNvwZ I asmkxj eZxZ KD G c_ _K wePyZ nZ
cvi bv|
bex-im~jì Iqvhxdv Z_v KZe:
bex gynv` (`:) mKj bex I im~jì ga mek Ges
mekl| Avjvn Zvqvjv Zuvi Dci mKj bex I im~jMYi `vwqZKZe AcY KiQb| dj wZwb (`:) wbw` f~-L Z_v RvwRivZzj
Avie Avjvni w`K Avnevbi KvR mv`b Kib Ges Bnv wQj
GKwU wbw` mgq, hvi cwigvY njv 23 ermi|
wZwb (`:) evcKfve Zuvi mgqi mKj AwaevmxK mvagZ
`vIqvZ c`vb Kib| AvM wZwb (`:) wbRi cwieviK
`vIqvZ `b| Gici AvZxq-^Rb, vwZ-MvwK AZ:ci ^xq
mc`vqK AZ:ci gvevmx I Zvi Avkcvk hviv iqQ
ZvìK| Gici Avie gievmxK Gici mKj gvbylK|
GK_v my Kivi Rb h, wZwb (`:) mKj gvbyli wbKU
Avjvn cwiZ im~j| Avi wZwb (`:) wek-RMZi Rb AbyMn
îc| dj `j `j gvbyl Bmjvg cek KiQ|
~ } | { z y x w v u{
:G z
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
880
`vIqvZi dwRjZ
(n bex) Avwg ZvgvK mgM gvbeRvwZi Rb Kejgv mymsev`

`vZv I fxwZ c`kK ic ciY KiwQ wK AwaKvsk gvbyl Zv
Rvb bv| [m~iv mvev: 28]
2. Ab Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
:H*
z e d c b a `{
Avwg ZvgvK wek-gvbei Rb ingZ Z_v AbMnic ciY

KiwQ| [m~iv Avw^qv:108]
n`vqZcvwi KviYmg~n:
bex Kixg (`:)-Gi hyM wewfb KviY cfvweZ nq gvbyl
Bmjvg cek KiQ| Za iZcY~ KviYjv wbgic:
1. Revb viv `vIqvZ:
bex Kixg (`:) myì I mvejxj fvlvq AveyeKi, Lvw`Rv I
Avjx (iv:) mn AbvbìK `vIqvZ c`vb KiQb| dj Zuviv
Bmjvg ag MnY KiQb|
2. wkvi gvag `vIqvZ:
Dgi Beb Lvve (iv:) Ggwbfve KziAvb gRx` keY Ki
n`vqZcv nqQb| hLb Zuvi evb dvZgv ^xq Mn ^vgx mvC`
Beb Rvq` Ges (Iv`) Lveve Beb Avi&Zmn KziAvb gRx`
wkLZ wQjb|
3. Gev`vZi gvag `vqIqvZ:
gv weRqi ci gmwR` nvivg wn` webZ DZev hLb
gymwjgì mvwie fve mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ `Lb ZLb wZwb Zv
`L Bmjvg ag MnY Kib| Abyicfve mygvgv Beb DQvj (iv:)
Ges Abvb AbKB gmwR` beexZ Bev`vZ KiZ `L
cfvweZ nb Ges Bmjvg MnY Kib
4. `vb-LqivZ I mvb c`kbi viv `vIqvZ:
bex Kixg (`:) gv weRqi eQi QvdIqvb Beb DgvBqv
Ges gyqvweqvmn Abvbì A_-m` `vb KiwQjb dj Zviv
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
881
`vIqvZi dwRjZ
Bmjvg MnY KiwQj| Abyicfve wZwb (`:) GKRb jvKK

GKcvj QvMj `vb Kij m Bmjvg ag MnY Ki|
5. Dg Pwi, Gnmvb, AMvwaKvi, mnvbyf~wZ I mZi gvag
`vIqvZ:
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
.[/'M ]HonmlkI
Avcwb AekB gnvb Pwii AwaKvix| [m~iv Kvjvg:4]

gvbe RvwZK `vIqvZ Kiv DZ gynv`xi cwZ IqvwRe:
Avjvn Zvqvjv GB DZK bex I im~jì `vwqZ-KZe
AcY KiQb Avi Zv njv: Avjvni w`K mKj gvbylK Avnvb
Kiv| Avjvn Zvqvjv wewfb ivi AbK ev`vìK RxweZ
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3 . Avjvn Zvqvjv Aviv ejb:
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gykwiKì Afy bB| [m~iv BDmyd: 108]
vb I wePYZv: Bnv wZb cKvi:
(K) `vIqvZ c`vbi AvM we`v ARb Kiv| (L) KvgjZvi mv_
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Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
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AwePj _vK| Avjvn Zvqvjvi ab-fvvi mePq gyjevb e
n`vqZ| wK Zuvi G Ag~j m` mwi m msLK jvKì
ARb nq| hviv G `~jf e Abymvb Ki Ges Zv mvwaZ nIqvi
Rb wbjm cPv Pvjvq ZvivB nj gywgb| ZvB Avjvn Zvqvjv
cwZw`b diR mvjvZ m n`vqZ Zvjvk Kivi Rb 17evi
wb`k w`qQb|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
b a ` _ ^ ] \ [ Z Y X W{
- :2K.
z d c
Zzwg Avgvì (mij I) AwePj c_wU `wLq `vI| (Zvì c_)

hvì Ici Zzwg AbyMn KiQ| Zvì c_ bq, hviv MRecv
(Bw`) Ges hviv c_ (Lxvb)| [m~iv dvwZnv: 6-7]
Avjvni Kvjgv ZvInx`K Dwb Kivi cPv:
Avjvni Kvjgv ZvInx`K Dwb Kivi cPvi wZbwU chvq
iqQ:
1. Agymwjgì n`vqZi Avkvq `vIqvZ I cPv|
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
894
`vIqvZi weavb
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:

\ [ Z Y X W V U T S R Q P ON M L{
:
z _ ^ ]
Zviv wK GK_v ejZ Pvq, G wKZveUv (Kvb ew) iPbv Ki

wbqQ? (bv) eis G nQ Zvgvì gvwjKi KvQ _K (bvwRj
Kiv) GKwU mZ (KZve, Avwg GUv GRb bvwRj KiwQ) hvZ
Ki G viv Zzwg GK RvwZK (Rvnvbvg _K) mveavb Ki w`Z
cvi, hvì KvQ (wbKU AZxZ) Zvgvi AvM Kvb mZKKvix
Avmwb; meZ Zviv n`vqZjvf KiZ cvi| [m~iv mvR`vn: 3]
2. cvwc I Aevaì AbyMZ Kiv, AgbhvMx I AmZKì îY
Kwiq `qvi j `vIqvZ I cPv|
Avjvn Zvqvjvi evYx:
: D
z u t s
Zvgvì ga _K Ggb GKwU `j _vKv DwPr, hviv (gvbylK)

KjvYi w`K WvKe, mZ I bvqi Av`k è, Avi AmZ I
Abvq KvR _K (Zvì) weiZ ivLe: (AZ:ci hviv G `j
kvwgj ne) mwZKvi A_ ZvivB mvdj gwZ ne|
3. mr gvbylK GKRb msviK wnmve Ges wbR iYKvixK
AbvK iYKvix wnmve Zixi Rb `vIqvZ I cPv|
- :?9 z Q P O N
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
895
`vIqvZi weavb
mgqi kc_! wbq mKj gvbyl wZM| wK Zviv eZxZ hviv

Cgvb GbQ, mrKg KiQ Ges GK AciK mZi I ahaviY
Kivi Dc`k `q| [m~iv Avmi: 1-3]
:PM
z {
Dc`k djcm~ nj Dc`k `vb Kib| [m~iv Avjv: 9]

mvnvevq Kivg (iv:) hLb `vIqvZi iZ I dwRjZi
cqvRbxqZvi Abyfe Kib mv_ mv_ `vIqvZ I wkv-w`vi
KvR cwZhvMxZvi gvag wbRK AvZwbqvM Kib| ZvBZv
`Lv hvq wekevcx `vIqvZi wewZ NUvZ Zuviv AKvjv
cwikg I hyi gvag wbRì Rvbgvj wemRb w`q
cwZhvMxZv KiQb| Zuviv gvbylìK Avjvni c_ cv I
Kvgj AvPiYi gvag Avnvb KiZb| Zvì `q wQj
mnvbyf~wZ I mngwgZvi GK wekvj mgy`; hvi cgvY nv`xm I
BwZnvmi M we`gvb|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
~ }|{ z y x w v{
:C
z
(n bex) Zzwg Zvgvi cwZcvjKi c_ (gvbylì) cv I

m`yc`k viv Avnvb Ki, (KLbv ZK hZ nj) Zzwg Ggb GK
cwZZ hyw ZK Kiv hv mePvBZ DrK cv; wbqB Zvgvi
cwZcvjK (GUv) fvj KiB Rvbb h, K Zuvi c_ _K
wec`Mvgx nq MQ, (Avevi ) h ew n`vqZi c_ iqQ
wZwb Zuvi mKI mwekl AewnZ AvQb| [m~iv bvnj:125]
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ Kiv IqvwRe:
cZKi vb I kw wnme Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ Kiv
IqvwRe| gymjgvbiv `yB cKvi:
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
896
`vIqvZi weavb
1. Avjg ew whwb wbR mZ cKvk KiZ mg| wZwb gvbylK

mZi AvbyMZ Kivi Rb `vIqvZ Kieb| hgb Avj
divDbi gywgb ew ejwQj|
I
.[- /<E]
H
gywgb jvKwU ejj: n Avgvi RvwZ, Zvgiv Avgvi AbymiY Ki|

Avwg ZvgvìK mrc_ c`kb Kie| n Avgvi RvwZ, cvw_e G
Rxeb Zv Kej DcfvMi e, Avi ciKvj nQ vqx emevmi
Mn| [m~iv gywgb: 38-39]
2. gymwjg wK Avjg bq| G ew gvbylK `vIqvZ Kie im~j
I Avjgì AvbyMZi Rb| hgb Bqvmxbi mv_x mK
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
x wv u t s r q p o n mI
.[- /F:] H~}|{zy
AZ:ci knii cvfvM _K GK ew ò Gj| m ejj, n

Avgvi mc`vq Zvgiv im~jMYi AbymiY Ki| AbymiY Ki Zvì,
hviv Zvgvì KvQ Kvb wewbgq Kvgbv Ki bv, A_P Zviv
myc_cv| [m~iv Bqvmxb:20-21]
cZK Avjvni w`K `vIqvZi KvR Kie; hvZ Ki Kvb
kwiK QvovB GKgv Avjvni Gev`Z cwZwZ nq| Avjg Z_v vbx
ew wbRB mZ cKvk Kieb Ges h Avjg bv wZwb gvbylK
Avjgì K_v gvbvi Rb w`K wb`kbv c`vb Kieb; KviY Zuviv
Avjvn mK mePq AwaK AeMZ|
gymwjg Dvi `vwqZ:
Avjvni cwZ Avnvb Kiv DZ gynv`xi bwZK `vwqZ|
cvi `bw`b gvbweK mgmvi mgvavb Z_v dZvqv `vb
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
897
`vIqvZi weavb
mKji Dci IqvwRe bq, eis hviv kwiqZi weavb mK c~Y

IqvwKdnvj I Awf GKgv ZvivB dZvqv wèb| Avi hviv
kixqZi weavb mK Abwe Zviv RbMYi cki Di Awe
cwZ I we Avjg hvì wdKvn kv AMva vb, wZ weePbv
I cLi ax-kw iqQ Zvì wbKU hvIqvi evcvi civgk wè|
ZvBZv mvnvexì Rxeb `Lv hvq h, dZvqv c`vbKvix
mvnvexì msLv wQj nvZ MYv KqKRb gv| hgb : gyqvh
Beb Rvevj (iv:), Avjx (iv:), Rvq` Beb mveZ (iv:), Beb
Avevm (iv:) mn Aviv KqKRb mvnvex dZvqv c`vb wbqvRxZ
wQjb| Avi AwaKvsk mvnvevq Kivg (iv:) dZvqv c`vbi welq
_K Gwoq _vKvi Pv KiZb| G _K cwZqgvb nq h,
mvnvevì Rxekvq dZvqv c`vb mKji Rb ea wQj bv| wK
`vIqvZi welqwU m~Yic wfb| eis Bnv mKji Rb Zvi vb
I hvMZv Abymvi IqvwRe| myZivs, Avjg I wdKvn wekvi`MY
ZvivB dZvqv `vb Dchy| ZvBZv Avjvn Zvqvjv ARvbv welq
vbx I weì wRvmv KiZ wb`k w`qQb|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
:D,
z Q P O N M L K J{
AZGe, hw` Zvgiv bv Rvbv Zvnj AvnjyhwhK&i (KziAvb-mybvni

mwVK vbi AwaKvixì) wRvm Ki| [m~iv bvnj: 43]
`vIqvZ c`vb, mrKvRi Av`k, AmrKvR _K gvbylK
weiZ ivLv mKj Rb-mvaviYi bwZK `vwqZ| ZvB mKjK Zvi
vb, mva-mvg_ I cvi gvag `vIqvZi KvR Ask MnY Kiv
Riwi| ZvBZv im~jyjvn (`:)-Gi AbymvixMY mvjvZ, RvKvZ,
ivRvmn kwiqZi Abvb weavb AeZxY nIqvi c~e _K c_g
w`b nZB c_nviv gvbylìK Avjvni cwZ `vIqvZ I Avnevbi
KvR iZ wQjb|
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
898
`vIqvZi weavb
g~jZ: DZ gynv`xi gRvR I gb gvbwmKZv Ggb nIqv

DwPr h, Avjvni KvjgvK Dwb Kivi Rb Kvievwb I cwikg
Kiv Ges AwaK Avgj bq eis mwVK AvgjB KivB GKgv Zvì
Kvg nIqv|
` _ ~ } |{ z y x w vu t s r q p{
:A#(
z c b a
(n nvexe) Zzwg ej `vI, G nQ Avgvi c_, Avwg gvbylì

Avjvni w`K Avnvb Kwi; Avwg I Avgvi Abymvixiv c~Y
mPZbZvi mv_B (G c_) Avnvb RvbvB; Avjvn Zvqvjv gnvb,
cwe Ges Avwg KLbI gykwiKì Afy bB|
[m~iv BDmyd: 108]
k j i h g fed c b a{
x wv u t sr q p o n m l
:23#) z | { z y
Avi gywgb cyil I gywgb bvixiv nQ GK Acii ez| Giv

(Ab gvbylK) bvq KvRi Av`k `q, Abvq KvR _K weiZ
ivL, Zviv mvjvZ cwZv Ki, RvKvZ Av`vq Ki, (Rxebi me
KvR) Avjvn Zvqvjv I Zuvi im~j (`:)-Gi (weavb) AbymiY
Ki| GivB nQ mme gvbyl; hvì Dci Avjvn Zvqvjv AwPiB
Zuvi ingZ bvwRj Kieb; Avjvn Zvqvjv civgkvjx I
cvevb| [m~iv ZvIev: 71]
Avjvni c_ `vIqvZ ZvMi kvw:
1. DZi Rxeb _K mec_ g h wRwbmwU ei nq MQ Zv
njv: Avjvni cwZ Avnevbi cej BQv I cPv| AZ:ci ei
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
899
`vIqvZi weavb
nq MQ Rxebi mevP wemRbi gb-gvbwmKZv| Gici ei

nq MQ mij Rxeb hvcb| Bmjvgi kiv gymjgvbì G
ewk cwieZbi cvYcb cPv Pvwjq Zvì RNb j
cuQZ mg nqQ| hvi cwZ gvbyli mvgvwRK Aevi Pig
Aeq NUQ| hvi KviY gvbyli Pv Ges mKj wemRb GKgv
cvw_e Rxebi ^vQ` I wejvwmZvi Rb eq nQ Ges gvbyl
Avb` emevm Kivi Rb mvweK cPv Pvwjq hvQ| hvi KviY
gvbyl ewfPvi-g`cvb KivK Lvivc gb KijI `vIqvZ cwinvi
Kivi gZ AcivaK mvì MnY Ki wbqQ|
2. Gev`Z Ges `vIqvZ im~j (`:) I Zuvi mvnvevì Rxekvq
cwZwU gvbyli GK Acwinvh `vwqZ ej weewPZ nZ| wK hyMi
AveZb I weeZbi ga w`q Gev`ZK `vwqZ gb KijI
`vIqvZK GK kYxi jvKì Rb wekl Ki wbw` gb Kiv
nQ| G GKUv welq jYxq h, c_g hyMi jvKiv h
Kvhmvab Ki mdjZv ARb KiQ cieZx jvKi mdjZv
m~Yfve Zvi DciB wbfi Ki|
mrKgi Av`k I AmrKgi wblai wnKgZ:
mrKgi Av`k I AmrKgi wblai wZbwU wnKgZ:
c_g wnKgZ: hvi IqvR Kiv nq Zv viv DcKZ nIqvi Avkv|
.[/:G ]H
ba ` _ ^ ]I
Ges evSvZ _vKzb; Kbbv, evSvbv gywgbì DcKvi

Avme| [m~iv hvwiqvZ:55]
wZxq wnKgZ: Aenjv hv kvwi KviY Zv _K euvPvi Dcvq|
1. Avjvni evYx:
f ed c b a ` _ ^ ] \ [ Z YI
rqp o n m l k j i h g
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
900
`vIqvZi weavb
.[-/ ]Hwv u t s
ewb BmivCji ga hviv Kvdi, ZvìK `vE` I gwiqgi

Qj Cmvi gyL Awfkvc Kiv nqQ| GUv G KviY h, Zviv
AevaZv KiZ Ges mxgvjNb KiZ| Zviv ciiK g` KvR
wbla KiZ bv, hv Zviv KiZ| Zviv hv KiZ Zv AekB g`
wQj| [m~iv gvq`v:78-79]
R Q P ONM L K J I HGF E D C B AI
.[/04]H VU T S
Avi hLb Zvì ga _K GK mc`q ejj, Kb m jvKì

m`yc`k w`Qb, hvìK Avjvn asm Ki w`Z Pvb wKsev
AvRve w`Z PvbKwVb AvRve? m ejj, Zvgvì cvjbKZvi
mvgb `vl dzivevi Rb Ges GRb hb Zviv fxZ nq|
[m~iv Avivd:164]
ZZxq wnKgZ: Avjvni im~jMYi c _K cwZwbwa wnme
mrKgi Av`k I AmrKgi wbla Ki Z Kvqg Kiv| hgb
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
{ z yxw v u t s r q p o nI
.[/ ]H
~ } |
mymsev``vZv I fxwZc`kbKvix im~jMYK ciY KiwQ, hvZ

im~jMYi ci Avjvni cwZ Acev` Avivc Kivi gZ Kvb
AeKvk gvbyli Rb bv _vK| Avjvn cej civgkxj, cv|
[m~iv wbmv:165]
gymwjg bi-bvixi cwZ IqvwRe:
gymwjg bi-bvixi cwZ `ywU IqvwRe Z_v Acwinvh KiYxq:
c_g IqvwRe: xb Bmjvg viv Kvb kwiK Qvov Ggv Avjvni
Gev`Z Kiv Ges Avjvn I im~j (`:)-Gi AvbyMZ Kiv| G Qvov
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
901
`vIqvZi weavb
Avjvni wb`wkZ weavbjv evevqb Kiv Ges wbwl welqmg~n

cwinvi Kiv|
:
z ml k j i h g {
Zvgiv GK Avjvn Zvqvjvi Gev`Z Ki Ges Kvb wKQyK Zuvi

mv_ kwiK Ki bv| [m~iv wbmv: 36]
z g f e d c b a ` _ ~ } |{
:.*
n Cgvb`viMY! Zvgiv Avjvn I Zuvi im~ji AvbyMZ Ki Ges

kvbvi ci KLbv Zv _K wegyL nqv bv| [m~iv Avbdvj:20]
wZxq IqvwRe: Avjvni cwZ gvbylK Avnvb Kiv, mrKgi Av`k
`qv Ges AmrKvR nZ weiZ ivLv|
: D
z u t s
Zvgvì ga _K Ggb GKwU `j _vKv DwPZ, hviv (gvbylK)

KjvYi w`K WvKe mZ I bvqi Av`k wè Avi AmZ I
Abvq KvR _K (Zvì) weiZ ivLe; AZ:ci hviv G `j
kvwgj ne mwZKvi A_ ZvivB mvdj gwZ ne|
2. nv`xm im~j (`:):
.. R 0 2 " I
2p+ : ! " #
$%
&'
im~jyjvn (`:) ejb:Zvgiv Avgvi c nZ GKwU AvqvZ njI
Zv cuwQq `vI|1
.zV bc
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
902
`vIqvZi weavb
3. Aviv nv`xm im~j (`:):

4 2450 ! " #
$%
2! Z
A S ! : z1 1C #A! +

` i 79B0 9 J .W B W ` i 7B
0 J .W j 1 #+ j I# # W ] @ 4 @ F @ :
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. J .
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x
s " 5 W
Avey mvC` Lyìx (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb, Avwg im~jyjvn

(`:)K ejZ bwQ:Zvgvì h KD Kvb NYKvR `Le Zvi
DwPr nvZ viv cwZnZ Kiv; Avi hw` Zv Ame nq co Ze gyL
viv cwZev` Kie; Avi ZvI Ame nj gb gb Zv NYv Kie|
Avi GUvB nj `yej Cgvb|1
kwiqZ jvKmvbi wdKvnm~ eyS:
kwiqZ jvKmvb njv: gvbyl Zvi cwZcvjKi wbKU _K
h Ask cvc m evcvi cZviYv Kiv| Avi BnvB njv my
jvKmvb| AZGe, h ew Zvi cvjbKZvK nvivjv, Zvi xb
nvivjv, Zvi mgq wbe Kij, Zvi eqmK wb:kl Kij, RvbvZ
nZ gvnig njv Gi PvBZ KwVb jvKmvbKvix Avi wKQyB bB|
cwZwU gvbyl `ywbqv I AvLivZ jvKmvbKvix, Ze hvi gvS
PviwU Y iqQ m ewZiK: Avjvni cwZ Cgvb, mrKg,
Avcvm GK AbK mZi AwmqZ Ges Avcvm GK AbK
ahi AwmqZ|
Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
M L K J I H G FE DC B AI
.[-/)I ]H Q P O N
Kmg hyMi, wbq gvbyl wZM; wK Zviv bq, hviv Cgvb

GbQ I mrKg Ki Ges ciiK ZvwK` Ki mZi Ges
ZvwK` Ki meyii| [m~iv Avmi:1-3]
1
. gymwjg nvt bs 49
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
903
`vIqvZi weavb
Avi Avjvn Zvqvjv gvbylK `ywbqvZ GK wekvj cuywR `vb

KiQb| Avi Zv njv gvbyli ivZ-w`bi mwwjZ eqm| Avjvn
gvbylK G cuywR viv eemv Kivi Rb wb`k KiQb; hvZ Ki
`ywbqv I AvLivZ myLx nZ cvi|
G evjK cwiPvjbvi evcvi gvbyl `yB cKvi:
1. weeKevb ew: h G evjK cwiPvjbv Ki Zvi
cvjbKZvi mv_ eemv Ki| whwb cwZwU Avgji `kY _K
mvZk ch `vb Kib| GgbwK GZv mIqve `vb Kib hv wZwb
Qvov Avi KD Rvb bv| m Zvi mgqK GKevi Gev`Z, GKevi
`vIqvZ, GKevi cvV `vb, GKevi msvi I Gnmvb KvR
jvMvB|
2. AvngK I wbeva: h G evj wbq Lj-Zvgvkv Ki| ZvB
Zv m Zvi g~jevb mgq web Ki Avjvni AmwZ|
mgq nZ DcKZ nIqvi wdKvnm~ eyS:
Avjvn Zvqvjv KziAvb NvlYv KiQb, wZwb gywgbi Rvbgvj
RvbvZi wewbgq q KiQb| ZvB mgq eqi cwZUv
gymjgvbi m cv Aej^b Kiv DwPr, h cv Aej^b KiQb
im~jyjvn (`:)| GKRb gymwjg Zvi cwZ Avjvni diRjv Av`vq
Kie Ges cwZw`b meAevZ gnvb Avjvni wb`kvewj evevqb
Kie| hgb: Ihyi mgq, cvbvnvii mgq, Nygvbvi mgqmn
Rxebi cwZwU | Avi wKQy mgq iwR DcvRb I RxweKvi
Rb eq Kie| Avi AwaKvsk mgq c_nviv gvbylìK Avjvni
w`K Avnvb Kie hvZ Ki gvbyl Avjvni `vmZ ^xKvi Kivi
cvkvcvwk AvjvnK GK I AwZxq gb wbZ mg nq|
cvi hLb Aemi cve A_ev gvbylK Avjvni c_ Avnvb
Kiv mnR bv ne ZLb vbvRb Kie A_ev Ab gymwjgK xbi
wewa-weavb wkv `qvi KvR wbRK AvZwbqvM Kie| ZvI hw`
me bv nq Zvnj gymwjg fvBì wL`gZ I Zvì cqvRb
c~iY Ges mr I c~Yi KvR mvnvh-mnhvMxZv Kie| ZvI hw`
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
904
`vIqvZi weavb
me bv nq Zvnj bdj Gev`Z hgb: Awbw` mybZmg~n, KziAvb

ZjvIqvZ I wRwKimn Avjvni mvwba ARbKvix mrKg wbRK
wbqvwRZ ivLe|
AvnvbKZì cKvi I Zvì `vIqvZi cwZ:
gvbyl wewfb cKvi| ZvB gvbyli cKvi I Zvì Abyfe-gZv
I Kgi cv_Ki KviY `vIqvZi KzgI wewfb cKvi ne|
hgb:
1. hvì Cgvb wU AvQ Ges wewa-weavb mK A:
G kYxi jvKì AvPiYMZ AvNvZ `vC Z_v AvnvbKvixK
ahaviY KiZ ne, ZvìK c~Y gneZ I Kgjfve wkv w`Z
ne Ges mnvbyf~wZi m wb`kbv KiZ ne| hgb AvPiY
KiwQjb im~j (`:) GKRb e`yCbi mv_|
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2! ` @ 1 T
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Avbvm (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb, GK`v Avgiv im~j (`:)-Gi

mv_ em wQjvg| Ggb mgq GK e`yCb Gm DcwZ nj Ges
gmwR` ckve KiZ i Kij| DcwZ mvnvevq Kivg ej
DVjb: _vg! _vg! Avbvm (iv:) ejb: im~jyjvn (`:) (jvKwUK
wKQy bv ej) mvnvevì ejjb:Zvgiv ZvK euvav wÌ bv, ZvK
Zvi KvR KiZ `vI mvnvevq Kivg ZvK Qo w`jb, jvKwU
ckve Kij| ciY im~jyjvn (`:) ZvK WK ejjb: wbqB
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
905
`vIqvZi weavb
G gmwR` gj-g~ ZvMi vb bq eis Bnv Avjvni wRwKi, mvjvZ

Av`vq I KziAvb ZjvIqvZi vb| Gici im~jyjvn (`:) mevi
gvS _K GKRb ewK cvwb Avbvi wb`k Kijb| m jvKwU
GK evjwZ cvwb Gb ckvei Dci Xj w`jb|1
2. hvì Cgvb `yejZv iqQ wK xbi AvnKvg mK vZ:
G kYxi jvKì wnKgZ I Dg Dc`ki gvag `vIqvZ
w`Z ne Ges Zvì Rb `vqv KiZ ne, hvZ Ki Zvì
Cgvb ew cvq I gnvb cwZcvjKi AvbyMZ Ki Ges cvc _K
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Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
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w`K gvi gywL nq ZvK agK w`q ejj: _vg, _vg| im~jyjvn
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wbKU emjv| im~jyjvn (`:) ZvK ejjb:Zzwg wK Zvgvi gvqi
mv_ G aibi KvR Kiv cQ` Ki? Di hyeKwU Avjvni kc_
Ki ejj: bv, Avwg Zv KLbv cQ` Kwi bv, Avjvn AvgvK
Avcbvi Rb DrmM Kib| im~jyjvn (`:) hyeKwUK ejjb:G
aibi KvR Kvb gvbylB Zvì gvqì Rb cQ` Ki bv|
im~jyjvn (`:) hyeKwUK AveviI wRvmv Kijb:Zzwg wK Zvgvi
gqi mv_ G aibi KvR cQ` Ki? Di hyeKwU Avjvni kc_
Ki ejj: bv, Avwg Zv KLbv cQ` Kwi bv, Avjvn AvgvK
Avcbvi Rb DrmM Kib| im~jyjvn (`:) ejjb: Kvb gvbylB G
aibi KvR Zvì gqì Rb cQ` Ki bv| im~jyjvn (`:)
hyeKwUK AveviI wRvmv Kijb: Zzwg wK Zvgvi evbi mv_
G aibi KvR cQ` Ki? Di hyeKwU Avjvni kc_ Ki ejj:
bv, Avwg Zv KLbv cQ` Kwi bv, Avjvn AvgvK Avcbvi Rb
DrmM Kib| im~jyjvn (`:) ejjb: Kvb gvbylB G aibi KvR
Zvì evbì Rb cQ` Ki bv| im~jyjvn (`:) hyeKwUK
AveviI wRvmv Kijb: Zzwg wK Zvgvi dzdzi mv_ G aibi
KvR cQ` Ki? Di hyeKwU Avjvni kc_ Ki ejj: bv, Avwg
Zv KLbv cQ` Kwi bv, Avjvn AvgvK Avcbvi Rb DrmM Kib|
im~jyjvn (`:) ejjb: Kvb gvbylB G aibi KvR Zvì dzdzì
Rb cQ` Ki bv| im~jyjvn (`:) hyeKwUK AveviI wRvmv
Kijb: Zzwg wK Zvgvi Lvjvi mv_ G aibi KvR cQ` Ki?
Di hyeKwU Avjvni kc_ Ki ejj: bv, Avwg Zv KLbv cQ`
Kwi bv, Avjvn AvgvK Avcbvi Rb DrmM Kib| im~jyjvn (`:)
ejjb: Kvb gvbylB G aibi KvR Zvì Lvjvì Rb cQ`
Ki bv| Avey Dgvgv ejb: Gici im~jyjvn (`:) ^xq nvZ
gveviK hyeKwUi Dci iL ejjb: n Avjvn! Zvi bvn gvd
Kib, Zvi AiK c~Z-cwe Kib Ges Zvi vK msiY
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
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G kYxi jvKì Bmjvgi wewa-weavb eYbv Ges cvc Kivi
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GKRb cyil gvbyli nvZ ^Yi GKwU AvswU `LZ cvb|
im~jyjvn (`:) AvswUwU Lyj dj w`q ejjb:Zvgvì KD
hw` Rvnvbvgi Rj AsMvii mv_ Vm w`q _vKZ Pvq, Zvnj
m hb mvbvi AvswU eenvi Ki| im~jyjvn (`:) Pj hvIq ci
jvKwUK ejv njv: AvswUwU wbq Zv viv DcKZ nI| jvKwU
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G kYxi jvKì Kvb cKvi Avcw MnYhvM bq| GìK
kfve wbla KiZ ne Ges Gì m c~ei ewYZ mevi Pq
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mnxnv `t nvt bs 370
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Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
908
`vIqvZi weavb
ewk KwVb eenvi KiZ ne| hvZ Ki cvci Kg Abvbì

Rb bgybv bv nq| hgb im~jyjvn (`:) ZveyK hy nZ cQb _vKv
wZbRb mvnvexK cvk w`b-ivZ eqKU Ki iLwQjb Ges
gvbylìK Gì msk cwiZvM wb`k KiwQjb| c~Yv
Cgvb Ges weavb mK vb _vKv mI ZveyK hy nZ cQb
_vKvi KviY G cwiwwZ Zvì ZIev MnY Kivi c~e ch wQj|
Avi Zuviv njb: njvj Beb DgvBqv, gyiviv Beb ivwen Ges
Kve Beb gvwjK| G NUbv eyLvix I gymwjg kixd wevwiZ ewYZ
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Avjvn Zvqvjv ejb:
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`ywemn nq DVjv; Avi Zviv eySZ cvijv h, Avjvn eZxZ
Avi Kvb Avkqj bB| AZ:ci wZwb m`q njb Zvì cwZ
hvZ Zviv wdi Avm| wb:m`n Avjvn `qvgq Kibvkxj|
[m~iv ZvIev:118]
5. hviv Cgvb I kwiqZi weavb A iqQ:
G kYx jvKìK mec_ g jvv Bjvvnv Bjvjvn-Gi w`K
Avnvb KiZ ne| Avjvn Zvqvjvi bvg I bvejx, wbqvgZ I
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Ai hLb Cgvb `p nq hve ZLb kwiqZi weavb mvjvZ
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wbq Zzwg Avnj wKZve (Bw`-Lxvb)Gi wbKU hvQ| AZGe,
Zvgvi mec_ g `vIqvZ hb nq Avjvni Gev`Z mK, Zviv
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mvjvZ Kvqg ev RvKvZ c`vb BZvw` Kie bv, Zvnj Zvi
Bmjvg Keyj Kiv ne; KviY Ac~Yfve njI Bmjvg cekB
iqQ DcKvi| Kbbv cwic~Yfve KzdzwiZ evwK _vKvi PvBZ
ci cyiv Avkv Kiv hvq ZvB Dg|
Avi bex [] Bmjvg ceki Rb aygv `ywU mvB h_
fe cZKi Bmjvg Keyj Ki wbZb| G vivB Zvi Rxebi
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Avjvn I Zuvi im~ji mKj Av`k gvbZ Avb` cve|
Bmjvgi cwZ Avmj Kvdii wPvKvlY KiZ ne Ges
hvZ m m ZvB gb wbZ ne; KviY m Bmjvgi nwKKZ
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KiQ| hLb m Bmjvg cek Kie Ges Avmj gymjgvbì
mv_ gjvgkv Kie, xb wkLe ZLb Zvi Cgvb gReyZ nq
hve Ges xbi gRv Abyfe Kie| hvi dj GKw`b KwVb AvMnx
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gyqvh Beb Rvej []K Bqvgb ciY Kib ZLb wZwb []
ejb:Zzwg Avnj wKZvei wbKU hvQ| mec_ g hvi w`K
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Avjvn Zvì cwZ w`b-ivZ cuvP Iqv mvjvZ diR Ki
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Zvì mì Dci RvKvZ diR KiQb hv abx jvKì _K
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bB Zvnj Zvì _K RvKvZ MnY Kie, Ze gvbyli Dg
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2
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
912
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c_gZ: mvaviY gvbyl Zvi WvK mvov w`q `j `j cek KiZ
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wZxqZ: Avevi KLbI KLbI `Lv hvq h, WvK mvov bv w`q
eis c c`kb Ki _vK| hgb im~jyjvn (`:)-Gi Zqdi
`vIqvZ `qvi mgq nqwQj| nuv, `vCi WvK mvov w`q Bmjvg
cek Kiv hgb Avb` I Lykxi welq; KLbI mUv Avevi wZi
KviYI nq ùvovq| KviY gvbyli `jeZvi KviY Zvi ga
AnsKvi I AnwgKv Ges cì jvf-jvjmv KvR KiZ _vK|
GgZvevq kqZvb Zvi xb ag I Avjvn fxiZvK AcniY Ki
bqvi Pv Pvjvq Ges Zvi Ai cvw_e I Rxebi jvf-jvjmv
cì fvjvevmv eg~j Ki `q Avi GUvB Zvi wZi KviY nq
`vuovq|
cvi `vIqvZ mvov bv w`q c c`kb Kiv hwÌ wYKi
Rb welbZv I `y:Li welq| cKZc mUvB `vqxi Rb Dg|
KviY, Gi viv GK w`K Zvi mK Avjvni mv_ `p I gReyZ
nZ _vK| Aci w`K mdjZvi viI Dy nZ _vK| hgb
im~jyjvn (`:)-Gi Rxeb `Lv hvq h, Zqdevmx im~jyjvn (`:)Gi WvK mvov bv w`q Zuvi kixiK iv Ki mLvb _K ei
Ki w`qwQj| Gici gnvb Avjvn Bmjvgi AbK gnr Kvhvw`K
mnR Ki w`qwQjb| hgb : gvq cek, Bmiv I givR Gici
gw`bvq wnRiZ Gici PZzw`K Bmjvgi weRqi m~Pbv nq|
`vqv I `vIqvZK Rgv Kiv:
bex [] KLbv gykiKì cwZ e``vqv KiZb Avevi KLbv
Zvì n`vqZi Rb `vqv KiZb|
c_gwU: Zvì kwkvjx nIqvi Ges Zvì KwVb Awbi mgq|
hgb bex [] L`Ki hyi mgq mvjvZ Kvqg Kiv nZ e
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Ges Bmjvg Kzej KiZ A^xKi KiQ| AZGe, Zvì cwZ
e``vqv Kib| ejv njv: `vIm Mv asm nq hve| ZLb bex
[] ejb: n Avjvn `vIm MvK n`vqZ `vb Kib Ges
ZvìK wbq Avmyb|2
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1. hviv Avjvni w`K `vIqvZKvixì Pwi cfvweZ nq
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1

Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
914
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ZLb `vIqvZ Qo em Ges mKj `vCì m kZv Avi

Ki| Gi Dk wU _vKvi KviY Avjvn Zvqvjv ZvK G gnr
KvR _K wdwiq bb|
2. hviv `vIqvZx KvR Avg `q wbRì mgmv mgvavb I
Dk evevqbi Rb| ZvB hLb Zvì Aev myì nq Ges
cvw_e DbwZ NU ZLb ZvIqvZx KvR nZ KU co| ZvB Avjvn
Zvqvjv ZvìK G gnr KvR _K wdwiq bb|
3. hviv GB KvR AvZwbqvM Ki; KviY GZ iqQ AbK
mIqve I cwZ`vb| Gì Dk mIqve ARb Kiv, Giv
AbìK wbq Kvb wKQy fve bv| hvi dj hLb Zviv ZvIqvZ
Qvov Ab mnR ewk mIqve ARb KiZ cvi ZLb `vIqAZx
KvR ZvM Ki em|
4. hviv `vIqvZx KvR Ki gnvb Avjvni wb`k gb Ki| Zviv
BnvK GKwU Gev`Z gb Ki KvR KiZ _vK| Gì Dk
gnr ZvB Avjvn Zvqvjv ZvìK `pZv `vb Kib, mvnvh Kib|
Gì Rb Avjvn Zvqvjv Zuvi wb`kvewj I `vIqvZx KvR Kivi
myhvM Ki `b| Avi BnvB nQ mevP ghv`v I mvb|
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
915
bex-im~jMYi `vIqvZi bxwZgvjv
6- bex-im~jMYi `vIqvZi bxwZgvjv

bex-im~jMYi `vIqvZi i:
mKj bex-im~jMYK Avjvn Zvqvjv cw_exZ wZbwU `vwqZ
w`q cvwVqQb:
1. mKj gvbylK Avjvni w`K Avnvb Kiv|
2. Avjvn Zvqvjv ch cuQvi ivvi cwiPq `vb Kiv|
3. Avjvn Zvqvjv ch cuQvi ci gvbyli Aevi eYbv Ìqv|
c_gwU: ZvInx` I Cgvbi eYbv|
wZxqwU: wewa-weavbi eYbv|
ZZxqwU: kl wèmi eYbv Ges m w`b hv ne hgb: mIqve,
AvRve, RvbvZ, Rvnvbvg BZvwì eYbv|
c_g ii evevqb:
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ: Avjvni mv, Zuvi mygnvb bvgmg~n I
bvejx Ges Zvi Kvhvwì cwiPq `qv| Aviv eYbv KiZ ne
Avjvni gnZ I Amxg kw| Avjvn Zvqvjv mg cw_exi mwKZv
I gvwjK Ges wbqK| G eZxZ meB mwivwR hvì nvZ wKQyB
Kivi bB| AZGe, wZwbB GKgv mKj Gev`Zi cKZ nK`vi|
BnvB njv: c_g I myì Ges mevP i|
wZxq ii evevqb:
GB cKvi `vIqvZi Dk gvbylK kixqZi wewa-weavb,
gvbe Rxebi KiYxq I eRbxq, Abì cvc, nvjvj Ges
nvivgi wewa-weavb Rvwbq Ìqv| gvi `vIqvZ wQj: Avjvn I
AvLivZi Ges bex-im~jMYmn Zuvì DZi Aevi eYbv|
Avi g`xbvq Avjvn Zvqvjv xbi mKj wewa-weavb c~Y Kib| hvi
dj hviv Avjvn I kl wèmi cwZ Cgvb GbQ Zviv Dnv MnY
Kie Ges Kvdi I gybvdKiv G `L weg~L ne|
Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ
916
ZZxq ii evevqb:
AvLivZi K_v iY KivZ ne| Avi Dg K_vi gvag
mrKvRi cwZ Drmvn c`vb I AmrKvRi cwZ fxwZ c`kb KiZ
ne| RvbvZi myL-kvw I Rvnvbvgi KwVb AvRvei K_v iY
KivZ ne|
Avjvn w`K `vIqvZi Dg bgybv:
Avjvn Zvqvjv Avgvì wcq bex (`:)K c~ei mKj bexim~jì AbymiY KiZ ejQb| wekl Ki wgjvZ Beivwngi
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Summary of The Islamic Fiqh Tuwajre 02

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Summary of The Islamic Fiqh Tuwajre 02

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Avey Avngv` mvBdzxb ejvj

gynv` Avyi ie Avddvb

        

gynv` Dgvi dviK Avyjvn

Avj-Avnmv BmjvwgK mUvi-ndzd

        

AvRgvj mvBb Avyb b~i

*"#+ ,-) ! !"#  $%& $  '"(

wjmv-g`xbv B: we: kwiqv wefvM

"0 ,-) ! !"#  $%& $  '"(

knx`yjvn Lvb Avyj gvbvb

mw`i c _K evsjv`k gyevjM

,- $!*+ '()

wjmv-g`xbv B: we: `vIqv wefvM

# ,-) ! !"#  $%& $  '"(

KziAvb ZjvIqvZi mR`v

jvBjvZzj K`ii dwRjZ

80 beRvZ wki bvg ivLvi mgq

cg ce: weevn I Zvi cwiwk

weevni gvSi `vl-wU

KziAvb DjwLZ wbavwiZ Ask gvU 6wU

ewi gvag ewZ`i bxwZgvjv

mg ce: wKmvm I `wewa

1. KvRvi A_ I Zvi weavb

1. wRnv`i A_, weavb I dwRjZ

beg ce: Avjvni ivn wRnv`

`kg ce: Avjvni w`K `vIqvZ-Avnvb

gymwjg Dvi `vwqZ

wbqB Avwg Zvgv`i gZB GK Rb gvbyl| Zvgiv hgb fyj

. eyLvix nvt bs 401 k ZviB gymwjg nvt bs 572

Bgvgi wcQ co hvq, Zvnj m Ac~Y Ask Av`vq Ki

RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq

12- RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq

.."/ 012& .DC E

1. Beb Dgvi _K ewYZ im~jyjvn [`:] ejb:GKvKx bvgvRi

RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq

."& .EU .DC E

2. Avey ivBiv (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb im~jyjvn [`:]

3. Avey ivBiv (iv:) nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb im~jyjvn [`:]

eyLvix nvt bs 645gymwjg nvt bs 650 nv`xmi k jv eyLvixi

RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq

Zvnj cZK wbR wbR vb mvjvZ Av`vq Ki wbe|

.."/ 012&.*38 5  \# 6% E

Beb Dgvi (iv:) nZ ewYZ AvQ , wZwb bex [] _K eYbv

.eyLvix nvt bs 865 gymwjg nvt bs 442 nv`xmi kjv gymwjgi

RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq

RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv _K `~i _vKvi weavb:

3 &% Ah ji ) ; *5 3 &% Ah ji ) % ji ) . 5 

Avbvm Beb gvjK (iv:) _K ewYZ wZb ejb: im~jyjvn []

13- BgvgwZi AvnKvg

. Bo E  mFo= ^"t

eyLvix nvt bs 722 I gymwjg nvt bs 2652 nv`xmi kjv gymwjgi

mgvb nj jUvixi gvag BgvgwZi AMvwaKvi wbYq Kiv ne|

 8 & 6 B#=\ jv B> A%  L

Avey gvmD` Avbmvix [] _K ewYZ, wZwb ejb im~jyjvn []

. gymwjg nvt bs 673

Zv`i mvjvZ nq hve| wK BgvgK AekB cybivq mvjvZ

2. gymwjiv Bgvgi Wvb w`K `uvovZ cvi, A_ev Bgvgi Wvb I

Avey ivBiv [] nZ ewYZ, wZwb ejb: im~jyjvn [] ejb:

.gymwjg nvt bs 440

.u?  ! 1? %=

Avcbv`i KvZvi mvRv Kib Ges cii wgj `vovb1

KvZvi mvRv Kib, Kuva Kuva wgwjq mgvivj Kib, KvZvii

*"#+ ,-) ! !"# $%& $ '"(

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1. Beb Avevm [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, im~jyjvn [] Pj

2. Beb Avevm [] _K ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avjvn Zuvi bexi

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