Professional Documents
Culture Documents
January 1998
NASA/TM98206956/VOL1
January 1998
i
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Many people contributed to the information in this
report. The engineers and scientists in the Environmental
Control and Life Support Branch (ED62) at the Marshall
Space Flight Center (MSFC) and the Life Support group
at the Manned Operations Division (MOD) of the Johnson
Space Center (JSC) provided much information on the
U.S. ECLS technologies and on integration concerns.
Engineers with the prime contractor for the U.S. segment,
Boeing, also provided information on the U.S. and
Russian ECLSS technologies and on integration concerns.
RUSSIAN:
NASA/JSC/MOD:
RSC Energia:
Peter Cerna
Anthony Sang
Boeing/Prime:
NIICHIMMASH:
Dr. Leonid Bobe
IMBP:
Dr. Yuri Sinyak
Cindy Philistine
Donald Sargent
Daniel Leonard
Glen Sitler
Mo Saiidi
Michael Wood
Kevin Moore
Eric Saari
NASA/MSFC/ED62:
Robert Bagdigian
Layne Carter
Gerald Franks
Cindy Hutchens
Kathryn Ogle
Charles Ray
David Tabb
Greg Gentry
Bruce Wright
Boeing/PG3:
UNITED STATES:
James Reuter
Sarah Kirby
Robyn Carrasquillo
Robert Erickson
Donald Holder
James Knox
Jay Perry
Monserrate Roman
Mary Traweek
Arthur Hsu
Available from:
NASA Center for AeroSpace Information
800 Elkridge Landing Road
Linthicum Heights, MD 21090-2934
(301) 621-0390
ii
On the Cover
The cover illustration shows the International Space Station (ISS) in low-Earth orbit with the space shuttle docked to
Node 2 and two Soyuz vehicles docked to the Russian Segment. The Earths horizon represents that earth-observation
will be one activity performed from the ISS, that the research performed on board the ISS will benefit everyone on Earth,
and that this project is a cooperative venture involving many nations. The international cooperation required for the ISS
project is also indicated by the translations of the document title into the languages of the primary partners. The Moon,
Mars, and stars in the background represent that astronomical observation will also be an activity performed from the
ISS. In addition, they represent the potential for future cooperative projects, including deep space missions and returning
people to the Moon and sending crews to Mars.
A Parable
There is a story about a man who left this Earth and was taken on a tour of the inner realms. He was shown a room where
he saw a large group of hungry people trying to eat dinner, but because the spoons that they were trying to eat with were
longer than their arms, they remained frustrated and hungry.
This, his guide told him, is Hell.
Thats terrible! exclaimed the man.
Please show me Heaven!
Very well, agreed the guide, and on they went.
When they opened Heavens door, the man was perplexed to see what looked very much like the same
scene: there was a group of people with spoons longer than their arms. As he looked more closely,
however, he saw happy faces and full tummies, for there was one important difference:
the people in Heaven had learned to feed each other.
From The Dragon Doesnt Live Here Anymore,
by Alan Cohen
,
.
, ,
, ,
, ,
.
, , .
! . , !
, , .
, , ,
, :
. ,
,
,
: .
( )
(Translated by Ilya Zhadovetsky)
iii
Hier ist die Geschichte von einem Mann der von der Erde Abschied nahm, und er wurde auf eine Tour
des Jenseits gefuehrt. Sein Begleiter brachte ihn zu einem Raum, wo eine grosse Gruppe von
ausgehungerten Leuten versuchte zu essen. Sie konnten aber nichts in ihren Mund bekommen, denn ihre
Loeffel waren laenger als ihre Arme. Sie blieben hungrig und verzweifelt.
Dies ist die Hoelle erklaerte sein Begleiter.
Das ist schrecklich rief der Mann.
Bitte, zeig mir den Himmel!
Sicher, sagte der Begleiter, und sie gingen weiter.
Als sie die Himmelstuere oeffneten, war der Mann voellig verwirrt. Was er sah schien die gleiche Szene
zu sein wie zuvor: Eine Gruppe von Leuten mit Loeffeln laenger als ihre Arme. Bei naeherem Zusehen
sah er aber frohe Gesichter und volle Baeuche, denn hier war ein bedeutender Unterschied: Die Leute
im Himmel hatten gelernt sich gegenseitig zu fuettern.
Aus: Der Drache wohnt hier nicht mehr, von Alan Cohen
(Translated by Werner Dahm)
iv
On raconte lhistoire dun homme qui, ayant quitt notre Terre, eut la chance de visiter les royaumes
ternels. On lui montra une pice o une multitude de gens affams taient assembls pour dner, mais
parce que leurs cuillers taient plus longues que leurs bras, ils demeuraient frustrs et jeun.
Voici lEnfer! expliqua son guide.
Cest horrible! scria lhomme.
Montrez-moi vite le Paradis!
Entendu, acquiesca le guide, et ils sen furent.
Quand ils ouvrirent les portes du Paradis, lhomme stonna de voir devant lui une scne presque
identique: une foule de gens avec des cuillers plus longues que leurs bras. Mais, aprs un examen plus
attentif, il vit lair content des visages et les ventres pleins cause dune diffrence importante:
les gens du Paradis avaient appris se nourrir les uns les autres.
daprs The Dragon Doesnt Live Here Anymore,
par Alan Cohen
(Translated by Laurent Sibille)
C una storia di un uomo che lasci questa terra e prese parte a un viaggio al linterno del regno dei
cieli. Gli venne mostrata una stanza dove vide un grup po di persone affamate che si apprestavano a
consumare una cena, ma, poich i cucchiai con cui cercavano di mangiare erano pi lunghi delle loro
braccia, essi rimanevano frustrati ed affamati.
Questo, gli disse la Guida, lInferno.
terribile! esclamo luomo.
Per favore fammi vedere il Paradiso!
Molto bene, concord la Guida e si incamminarono.
Aperta la porta del paradiso, luomo fu perplesso nel vedere quella che sembrava la stessa scena:
cerano un gruppo di persone con i cucchiai pi lunghi delle loro braccia. Tuttavia, guardando pi da
vicino, vide faccie felici e pancie piene.
Con una differenza importante:
La gente in Paradiso aveva imparato a imboccarsi lun con laltro.
da Il Drago non vive pi qui di Alan Cohen
(Translated by Franco Pennati (Alenia/ASI))
PREFACE
This report addresses the following questions relating
to the ISS ECLS systems:
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter I: Overview
1.0
2.0
3.0.
4.0.
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................
1.1
Background ................................................................................................................................................
1.2
2.1
2.2
10
2.3
15
2.4
Construction of ISS and the ECLS Capabilities During Station Assembly ...............................................
17
2.4.1
19
2.4.2
20
22
3.1
22
3.2
22
3.3
27
3.3.1
29
3.3.2
32
3.3.3
39
3.3.4
41
3.3.5
43
45
4.1
45
4.1.1
45
4.1.2
45
4.1.3
45
4.1.4
47
vii
4.2
48
4.3
Responsibilities ..........................................................................................................................................
50
51
5.1
51
5.2
51
5.3
51
5.3.1
52
5.3.2
52
5.4
52
5.5
Verification .................................................................................................................................................
52
5.5.1
53
5.5.2
53
5.5.3
54
5.5.4
54
58
5.6
2.0
3.0
INTRODUCTION: THE UNITED STATES ON-ORBIT SEGMENT AND ITS ECLSS ..................................
59
1.1
59
1.2
59
60
2.1
62
2.2.
65
2.3
65
2.4
65
77
3.1
77
3.1.1
86
3.1.1.1
86
3.1.1.2
88
viii
3.1.2
88
3.1.2.1
88
3.1.2.2
88
3.1.2.2.1
88
3.1.2.2.1.1
88
3.1.2.2.1.2
89
3.1.2.2.1.3
89
3.1.3
89
3.1.4
89
3.1.4.1
91
3.1.4.2
91
3.1.4.3
91
91
3.1.5.1
91
3.1.5.2
91
91
3.1.6.1
93
3.1.6.2
93
3.1.6.3
95
95
3.1.5
3.1.6
3.2
3.2.1
3.2.1.2
3.2.1.3
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.1.2.1
3.2.1.2.2
3.2.1.2.3
3.2.2.2
3.2.2.3
3.2.3.2
ix
3.2.4
3.3
3.2.4.2
3.2.5
3.2.6
3.3.1.2
3.3.1.3
3.3.2
3.3.2.2
3.3.2.3
3.3.1.2.3
3.3.2.1.2
3.3.2.1.3
3.3.2.1.4
3.3.2.2.2
3.3.2.2.3
3.4.1.2
3.4.1.3
3.4.1.4
3.6
3.3.1.2.2
3.5
3.4
3.3.1.2.1
3.6.2
3.6.1.1
3.6.1.2
3.6.1.3
3.6.1.4
3.6.3
3.6.4
3.6.5
Process Wastewater
3.6.5.1
3.6.5.2
3.6.7
3.7
.................................................................................................................. 178
3.6.5.1.2
3.6.5.1.3
3.6.5.2.2
3.6.5.2.3
3.8
3.7.1.2
3.8.2
3.8.3
3.8.1.2
3.8.2.2
3.8.2.3
3.8.4
xi
3.9
4.0
5.0
6.0
6.2
6.3
6.4
2.0
1.2
DESCRIPTIONS OF THE APM, JEM, AND MPLM SEGMENT ECLSS ........................................................ 199
2.1
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.1.3
2.2
2.3
2.4
3.0
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
xii
3.1.1
3.1.1.1.2
3.1.1.1.3
3.1.1.2
3.1.1.3
3.1.1.4
3.1.1.5
3.1.1.6
3.1.2
3.1.2.1.2
3.1.2.1.3
3.1.2.2
3.1.2.3
3.1.2.4
3.1.2.5
3.1.2.6
3.1.3
3.1.3.2
3.1.3.3
3.1.3.3.2
3.1.3.3.3
3.1.3.4
3.1.3.5
xiii
3.1.3.6
3.1.3.7
3.2
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.1.1.2
3.2.1.2
3.2.1.3
3.2.1.4
3.3
3.2.2.1.2
3.2.2.2
3.2.2.3
3.2.2.4
3.2.3.2
3.2.3.3
3.2.3.4
3.3.1.2
3.3.2
3.3.1.3
3.3.1.4
3.3.2.2
xiv
3.3.3
3.3.2.3
3.3.2.4
3.3.3.2
3.4
3.3.3.3
3.3.3.4
3.4.2
3.4.3
3.4.1.1.1
3.4.1.1.2
3.4.1.1.3
3.4.1.1.4
3.4.2.1.2
3.4.2.1.3
3.4.3.1.2
3.4.3.1.3
3.5.2
3.5.3
3.6
3.5
xv
3.6.2
3.6.3
3.7
3.6.1.1
3.6.1.2
3.6.2.2
3.6.3.2
3.7.2
3.7.1.1.2
3.8
3.8.2
3.8.3
3.8.1.2
3.8.1.3
3.8.1.4
3.8.2.2
3.8.2.3
3.8.2.4
3.8.3.2
3.8.3.3
3.8.3.4
3.9
3.9.2
3.9.3
4.0
5.0
6.0
3.9.2.2
4.2
4.3
5.2
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
xvii
LIST OF FIGURES
Chapter I: Overview
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
4
5
6
8
9
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
30
36
37
38
46
47
48
50
60
64
65
65
71
77
78
79
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
87
87
88
89
90
90
92
93
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
94
96
97
98
98
99
100
101
102
103
103
105
106
107
107
109
110
111
112
112
113
115
115
117
118
119
120
120
121
122
122
123
124
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
133
135
135
136
136
137
139
140
141
141
142
144
146
147
148
149
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
150
150
151
153
153
154
156
157
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
164
165
165
166
167
168
169
170
170
171
172
173
174
175
175
176
177
181
182
184
185
186
187
192
194
200
202
205
207
207
210
211
212
216
217
218
219
154.
155.
156.
157.
158.
159.
160.
161.
162.
163.
164.
165.
166.
167.
168.
169.
170.
171.
172.
173.
174.
175.
176.
177.
178.
179.
180.
181.
182.
183.
184.
185.
186.
187.
188.
189.
190.
191.
NPRA. .............................................................................................................................................................
APM NPRA functional schematic. ..................................................................................................................
PPRA functional schematic. ............................................................................................................................
Positive pressure relief valve. ..........................................................................................................................
APM and MPLM depressurization assembly. .................................................................................................
APM depressurization assembly functional schematic. ..................................................................................
APM heater control functional schematic. ......................................................................................................
MPLM sample line layout. ..............................................................................................................................
MPLM SDS shutoff valve. ..............................................................................................................................
MPLM SDS sample line filter . .......................................................................................................................
THC subsystems. .............................................................................................................................................
THC subsystems (continued). .........................................................................................................................
THC subsystems (continued). .........................................................................................................................
APM THC subsystem functional schematic. ...................................................................................................
APM air temperature sensor. ...........................................................................................................................
APM THC CHX Schematic. ...........................................................................................................................
APM air diffuser. .............................................................................................................................................
JEM THC subsystem. ......................................................................................................................................
JEM CHX and water separator. .......................................................................................................................
JEM intramodule circulation. ..........................................................................................................................
Atmosphere circulation in the MPLM. ............................................................................................................
AR subsystem schematic. ................................................................................................................................
AR subsystem schematic (continued). ............................................................................................................
AR subsystem schematic (continued). ............................................................................................................
FDS subsystem schematic. ..............................................................................................................................
FDS subsystem schematic (continued). ...........................................................................................................
FDS subsystem schematic (continued). ...........................................................................................................
JEM FDS schematic. .......................................................................................................................................
MPLM Fire suppression ports .........................................................................................................................
WRM subsystem schematic. ...........................................................................................................................
WRM subsystem schematic (continued). ........................................................................................................
WRM subsystem schematic (continued). ........................................................................................................
APM vacuum services subsystem functional schematic. ................................................................................
APM nitrogen supply subsystem functional schematic. ..................................................................................
EAL schematic. ...............................................................................................................................................
APM shell penetration seals. ...........................................................................................................................
APM shell penetration seals (continued). ........................................................................................................
Hatch positions when the APM, JEM, or MPLM is depressurized. ................................................................
220
220
221
221
222
223
224
227
228
228
230
231
232
233
233
234
235
236
237
239
241
242
243
244
246
247
248
251
252
253
254
255
257
259
260
261
261
264
LIST OF TABLES
Chapter I: Overview
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
xxi
18
23
24
25
27
31
33
34
35
40
53
12.
13.
14.
15.
55
56
57
58
61
63
66
70
72
86
114
131
132
132
138
138
143
144
145
151
155
The ECLS functions performed in the APM, JEM, and MPLM. ....................................................................
APM, MPLM, and JEM common ECLSS hardware. .....................................................................................
JEM ECLSS design considerations. ................................................................................................................
APM/USOS interfaces and conditions. ...........................................................................................................
IMV supply and return at the APM/USOS interface. ......................................................................................
Atmosphere sample line condition at the APM/USOS interface. ....................................................................
JEM interfaces with the USOS. .......................................................................................................................
MPLM/USOS interface conditions. ................................................................................................................
ECLS logistics resupply. .................................................................................................................................
APM total pressure sensor characteristics. ......................................................................................................
JEM temperature sensor characteristics. .........................................................................................................
JEM intramodule circulation conditions. ........................................................................................................
IMV supply to the JEM interface conditions. ..................................................................................................
JEM VS subsystem acceptable gases. .............................................................................................................
xxii
197
198
203
208
209
209
210
211
213
219
236
238
239
257
ACF
ACRV
ACS
ACS
ACS
Ag
AH
AL
amp
APM
AR
aft
ampere(s),
analysis (verification method)
Avionics Air Assembly (USOS,
APM, JEM)
(USOS)
Atmospheric Cleansing System,
() (RS)
Air Conditioning System (RS)
silver,
Atmosphere Heater; part of the
shower facility (RS)
Airlock,
ampere(s) (see A)
Attached Pressurized Module;
European laboratory module
(APM), also Columbus Orbital
Facility (COF)
Atmosphere Revitalization,
(USOS)
ARS
ASF
ASI
assembly (noun)
ATM
atm
ATU
AVS
ball area
BIT
brushless motor
BV
C
C
Ca
cabin
campout
CC
xxiii
Atmosphere Revitalization
Subsystem,
amps per square foot; current
density in water electrolyzers
Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, the
Italian Space Agency
carbon
calcium; a measure of water
quality (mg/L),
(/)
Open space in a module,
Period prior to an EVA when
astronauts, in the AL, breath an
oxygen-rich atmosphere to
remove excess N2 from their
blood
Command Console (RS)
cc
CCAA
CDD
C&C MDM
C&DH
C&W
CDRA
cfm
CFU
CFU/cm
CGSE
CH4
CHeCS
CHRS
CHTS
CHX
CIL
CKB
cm
CM
cubic centimeter(s),
Common Cabin Air Assembly
(USOS)
Capability Description Documents
Command and Control Multiplexer/Demultiplexer (USOS)
Command and Data Handling
(USOS)
Caution and Warning,
(,
),
Measure of the concentration of
microorganisms (KOE/cm3)
Common Gas Support Equipment
methane,
Crew Health Care Subassembly,
(),
(USOS)
Central Heat Rejection System,
() (WCNJ) (RS)
Central Heat Transport System
(RS)
Condensing Heat Exchanger,
() (condensation separation unit)
Critical Items List
air conditioning and humidity
removal assembly (RS)
centimeter(s),
Core Module (of the Mir)
CO
CO2
COD
COF
COF2
color
Columbus
CP
CPS
CPU
crew systems
CRES
CRF
CS
CSA
CSPU
CTCU
CTV
CWP
CWRS
CWSA
D
DA
dc
DC
xxiv
carbon monoxide,
carbon dioxide,
depressurization
detect.
DHU
dia.
DM
dp
DSM
Dyuza1M
EAL
ECLS
ECLSS
ECS
EF
EHE
EHL
EHS
EHS
EIB
ELM
ELMES
ELMPS
ELPS
EMI
EMU
EP
detection
Distribution and Heating Unit,
for dispensing water (RS)
diameter,
See UDM
change in pressure
Docking and Stowage Module,
(RS)
atmosphere leakage monitoring
system on the Mir (1)
Experiment Airlock (JEM)
Environmental Control and Life
Support,
ECLS System,
()
Environmental Control System,
()
Russian potable water tanks
(22 L) (pronounced yeh-deh-veh)
(RS) Emkoctb
Exposed Facility (JEM)
Evaporative Heat Exchanger, of
the CHRS (RS)
External Hydraulic Loops, of the
TCS (RS)
Environmental Health System,
EP
EPS
EPVV
ESA
ESD
ETFE
EVA
EWP
F
fan
FC
FDS
FDI
FDIR
feedthrough (noun)
FGB
FMEA
FS
FSP
xxv
(-2) (RS)
ethyltetrafloroethylene
Extravehicular Activity,
()
(
)
Emergency Warning Panel,
() (in the RS SM)
degrees Fahrenheit,
,
forward
firmware controller
Fire Detection and Suppression,
,
ft2
ft3
FVI
g
G
GA
GAE
GACU
GAMU
GC/IMS
GCP
GCSS
GFE
GLA
GLHE
GLHEA
GLM
GLMF
GLS
gore panel
gpm
gr
hr
H2
square feet
cubic feet
FDS Volume Indicator (MPLM)
gram(s); metric unit of mass
gravity; acceleration due to
gravity at the Earths surface
Gas Analyzer (RS),
()
Gas Analyzer-Elektron; the
device that analyzes for H2 in the
O2 outlet (GAE H2) or for O2 in
the H2 outlet (GAE O2) (RS)
Gas Analyzer Control Unit, for
the atmosphere monitoring GAs
(RS)
Gas Analyzer Monitoring Unit,
for the Elektron GA (RS)
Gas Chromatograph/Ion Mobility
Spectrometer
Gas Control Panel (RS)
Gas Composition Support
System (RS)
Government Furnished Equipment; provided by NASA to
contractors; may be designed and
fabricated by another contractor
(USOS)
General Luminaire Assembly
(MPLM)
Gas-Liquid Heat Exchanger
(component of the Vozdukh)
(RS)
Gas-Liquid Heat Exchanger
Assembly
gas/liquid mixture,
()
Gas/Liquid Mixture Filter (RS),
()
Gas/Liquid Separator,
Hab
habitat
hardness
HCF
HCl
HCN
HCU
hdwe
HEPA
HEU
HF
hp or HP
hPa
HTCO
HX
HXLS
I
IBMP
ICD
ID
I/F
xxvi
(USOS)
Heat Exchanger, to transfer heat
from one fluid (gas or liquid) to
another
Heat Exchanger Liquid Sensor,
IHL
II
IMS
IMV
in
in H2O
integration
interface
I/O
iodine
IPB
IR
ISOV
ISPR
ISS
ITCS
jam-nut
JEM
jumper
KAB
kg
KHPA63
()
Internal Thermal Control System,
()
A duct or hose that connects fluid
lines
, humidity condensate
(Russian acronym)
kilogram(s); metric measure of
mass;
chemical absorbent in the HCF
(RS)
KOKOR
kPa
Kvant
K2Cr2O4
L
Lab
lb
LED
LEL
LLI
LSF
LiOH
LSM
LSS
LTCO
LTL
LU
LV
LVPT
LWR
m
M
xxvii
()
lithium hydroxide,
(for CO2
and trace contaminant removal
from the atmosphere)
Russian Life Support Module,
() (RS)
Life Support System,
Low-Temperature Catalytic
Oxidizer
Low-Temperature Loop; part of
the ITCS (USOS)
Liquid Unit, of the Elektron (RS)
valves in the Elektron O2
generator (RS)
Linear Variable Pressure Transducer
Liquid Waste Receptacle
meter(s), (metric measure
of distance)
mass flowrate
()
motor
mA
MAC
magnesium
man-system
manual (verb)
manual valve
max
MCA
MCL
MCV
MDM
MHP
min
min.
Mir
MIRU
mKm
MLI
MLS
mm
MMH
mmHg
mo
mod
MPEV
MPI
milli-Ampere
Maximum Allowable Concentrations of gaseous trace contaminants,
maximum
Major Constituent Analyzer,
()
Maximum Contamination Level,
,
month(s)
moderate (adjective)
Manual Pressure Equalization
Valve,
(USOS)
Magnetic Position Indicator
MPLM
mS/cm
MSC
MSS
MTBF
MTL
MWP
n
N
N1
N2
N2
N/A
NASA
NASDA
NC
NH3
NIA
NIV
node
Norm
NPRA
NPRV
NTU
O2
OACS
xxviii
Mini-Pressurized Logistics
Module (built by Italy)
milliSiemans per centimeter;
measure of electrical conductivity; a measure of water quality
Module Systems Console (RS)
Mobile Servicing System
Mean Time Between Failures,
for determining the reliability
of components
Moderate Temperature Loop;
part of the ITCS (USOS)
Module Warning Panel,
() (RS)
nadir; direction, vertically
beneath
Newton(s) (metric unit of force)
Node 1
Node 2
nitrogen,
not applicable
National Aeronautics and Space
Administration,
()
National Space Development
Agency (Japan)
normally closed
ammonia,
Nitrogen Interface Assembly,
(USOS)
Nitrogen Isolation Valve (USOS)
normally
Negative Pressure Relief
Assembly
Negative Pressure Relief Valve
Nephelometric Turbidity Unit;
water quality parameter;
,
oxygen,
Onboard Automation Control
System (RS)
OCCS
OCS
OCP4
OECS
OGA
OIV
OMS
ops
O/R
ORCA
ORU
OSA
OSS
OWF
OWMSU
P
PAV
PBA
pc
PCA
PCA
PCP
PCRA
pcs
PCS
PCU
PCV
particle count
Pressure Control Assembly,
(USOS)
Purification Column Assembly
(RS)
Pressure Control Panel,
Pressure Control and Regulation
Aids (RS)
pieces,
Portable Computer System
(USOS)
Purification Column Unit
Pressure Control Valve
PCWQM
Pd
PDB
PDGF
PEP
PEV
PFE
PFU
PGU
pH
PHF
PI
PM
PMA
PMC
POC
port
portable
potable water
ppb
ppCO2
pph
ppm
ppO2
PPR
PPRA
xxix
parts per billion
partial pressure of carbon dioxide
pounds per hour
parts per million,
partial pressure of oxygen
Positive Pressure Relief
Positive Pressure Relief Assembly
PPU
Progress
PRTD
PRV
psia
psid
psig
PSU
Pt/Co
PTCS
PTO
PU
PVG
PWC
PWS
PWT
Q
QD
R
R&R
RAM
RCA
()
Remote Control Assembly
(MPLM)
RH
RM
RMI
RMS
RPCM
RPDA
rpm
RS
RSA
RTD
RU
S
S
SAE
safety
Salyut
scc
sccm
SCFM, scfm
SD
SDS
sec
SFOG
Si gel
SHC
xxx
Relative Humidity,
Research Module,
() (RS)
Rodnik Monitoring Indicator,
(RS)
Remote Manipulator System
(robotic arm) (JEM)
Remote Power Control Module
Remote Power Distribution
Assembly
revolutions per minute rotational
rate
Russian Segment of ISS,
()
Russian Space Agency,
()
Resistance Temperature Detector
A component of the Elektron
(RS)
Similarity (verification method)
Siemens, metric unit of electrical
conductivity (Cm in Russian)
Society of Automotive Engineers
() (RS)
silica gel desiccant,
SHE
SHF
SHW
SHWRS
SKT2
SLWR
SM
SMAC
SMC
S/O
SO42SOG
SOS
Soyuz
SPA
space shuttle
SPOPT
SPP
SPSC
SSP
SSRS
stbd
Sanitary-Hygienic Equipment
(RS)
Sanitary/Hygienic Facility
Sanitary-Hygienic Water (RS)
Sanitary-Hygienic Water
Recovery Subsystem (RS)
Activated charcoal in the HIF
(RS)
Solid and Liquid Waste Receptacle (part of the commode/
urinal) (RS)
The Russian Service Module,
(RS)
Spacecraft Maximum Allowable
Concentration of atmospheric
contaminants,
(),
,
Systems Monitoring Console (on
the Mir)
Standoff (USOS, APM, JEM,
MPLM)
Sulfate
Solid-fuel Oxygen Generator
(see SFOG)
Solid Oxygen Source; cassettes
of perchlorates that are burned in
the SFOG (RS)
Russian crew transfer vehicle,
Solid Phase Acidification (in the
U.S. water quality monitor)
In this document, the orbiter
portion of the U.S. STS; strictly
speaking, the space shuttle
includes the main engines,
external tank, and solid rocket
boosters with the orbiter
part of FDS (RS)
Science Power Platform (RS)
Systems Power Supply Console
(RS)
Space Station Program document
designation (e.g., SSP 42121)
Space Suit Refilling System (RS)
starboard direction; right-hand
side when facing forward,
STP
STS
SU
suppress.
SV
SWC
SWR
SWRC
SWT
T
tank
TBD
TCCS
TCCV
TCS
TEAC
technical water
temp
TGS
TGSL
THC
TIC
TIM
TMCS
TOC
TON
xxxi
to be determined
Trace Contaminant Control
Subsystem,
()
Temperature Control and Check
Valve (U.S.)
Thermal Control System,
()
Trace Contaminant Vent (RS),
cassettes
Clean water treated with Ag+
biocide (RS)
temperature
Trace Gas Sample
Trace Gas Sample Line
Temperature and Humidity
Control,
(USOS)
,
thermal-humidity control system
Total Inorganic Carbon
Technical Interchange Meeting
Temperature Mode Control
System (RS)
Total Organic Carbon,
( )
Threshold Odor Number (water
quality parameter),
20 C
total hardness
TPTV
TTN
TWC
UDM
UPA
UR
U.S.
USGS
USOS
UTOC
UWRCP
UWRS
V
vacuum
vacuum resource
VAJ
VCDS
ventilation
venting
VES
vestibule
vestibule jumper
VG
(RS)
Urine Processor Assembly
Urine Receptacle, (-), (RS)
United States of America,
()
U.S. Ground Segment of the ISS
U.S. On-Orbit Segment of the
ISS,
()
uncharacterized TOC
Urine Water Recovery Control
Panel (RS)
Urine Water Recovery Subsystem,
(RS)
volt(s),
()
Vacuum Exhaust Subsystem
(USOS)
The space between hatches of
connected modules
A duct or hose that connects fluid
lines between modules through
the vestibule
vacuum gauge
VOA
VOC
Vozdukh
VRA
VRCV
VRS
VRIV
VRV
VS
W
WA
WSAE
WSAWS
waste gas exhaust
water
water tank
WCU
WCUCA
WCUCU
WM
WMC
WMS8A
W/O
WP
WPCP
WPP
WR
WRM
xxxii
Water Conditioning Unit (RS)
WCU Columns Assembly (RS)
WCU Column Unit
Waste Management,
WRSC
WRSSH
WRSU
WSAE
WSAU
WSAWR
WSAWS
WSD
WSFSW
WT
wt
XFMR
ZAU
zen or z
zeolite
4BMS
g/L
S/cm
t
P/t or dP/dt
Russian Acronyms
automatics unit
Core Module
water tank
pumping unit
fan
(USOS)
Gas Analyzer
water container
(/)
delta P, pressure differential
() ,
()
change in time
rate of change in pressure,
/
indicator instrument
urine receptacle
xxxiii
hand-operated pump
water-air mixture
pressing-out collector
Airlock
xxxiv
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM
LIVING TOGETHER IN SPACE: THE DESIGN AND OPERATION
OF THE LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS ON THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
CHAPTER I: OVERVIEW
1.0 Introduction
The International Space Station (ISS) is an unsurpassed cooperative venture between the United States and
international partnerswhich include the Canadian Space
Agency (CSA), European Space Agency (ESA), Italian
Space Agency (ASI), National Space Development
Agency (NASDA)and the Russian Space Agency
(RSA). In order for the people who operate the equipment
to be able to ensure optimal performance and to respond
to off-nominal or emergency situations it is essential that
the systems in each segment be well understood by all the
partners. Compatibility between the systems must be
assured during design and development. This is especially true for the Environmental Control and Life
Support (ECLS) Systems (ECLSS). In addition, knowledge of the Russian ECLS technologies (developed
through years of flight experience) can be of great value
to US/international segments ECLSS designers, and
knowledge of the US/international segments ECLS
technologies can be of benefit to the Russian ECLSS
designers.
For these reasons, this report describes the design,
operation, and performance of the different ECLS systems
developed for use on the ISS. This chapter includes a
general description of the ISS and the different segments,
the construction sequence and ECLS capabilities at
significant phases of assembly, the specifications that the
ECLS systems are designed to meet, the interface
connections between the different ECLS systems, the
1.1 Background
Russia has gained extensive experience with long
duration human space flight since the first Salyut space
station was launched in 1971. Almost continuous human
presence in space was provided by a succession of Salyut
stations during the following 2 decades, each having
improvements over the previous ones. In 1986, a new
generation of space stations became operational with the
launch of the Mir, which was designed to have a longer
life and to allow additional pressurized modules to be
attached. Some Russian cosmonauts have lived in space
continuously for more than 1 yr.
The U.S. experience with long duration human space
flight is more limited, consisting of the Skylab program
that culminated in three missions during 1973 and 1974
of 28, 59, and 84 days, respectively. Since Skylab, the
longest duration U.S. missions have been 17 days, aboard
the space shuttle. With the recent shuttle/Mir missions, as
part of ISS Phase 1, American astronauts have lived
aboard Mir for several months each.
As of September 1997, the overall configuration and assignment of responsibilities among the partners are changing. For example, Node 2
and Node 3 (in place of the U.S. Hab) are now the responsibility of Italy, and the centrifuge is now the responsibility of Japan. These
changes, so far, have not included changes to the ECLS hardware. The ECLS functions and the techniques used to perform those functions
are as described in this report.
There are no automatic hatch open/close mechanisms on any U.S., Russian, or other international partner hatches.
Progress Module
Atmosphere Control & Supply
O2/N2 Storage
Solar Arrays
TCS Radiator
,,,
,,,
,,, ,,,
,,,
,,,
,,,
,,,
,,,
ACRV
,,,,,,
,,,,,,
,,,,,,
Truss
PMA
PV Module Radiator
APM
Flight
Direction
Hab
Temp. & Humidity Control
Fire Detect/Suppression
Atmosphere Control & Supply
Atmosphere Revitalization
Water Recovery Management
Waste Management
JEM
Temp. & Humidity Control
Fire Detect/Suppression
Atmosphere Control & Supply
Nadir
Lab
,,
,
,,,
,
Progress Vehicle
Service Module
Oxygen Generation
Water Processing
,,,, ,,,
,
,,
,,,,,
,,
,
Primary Temperature
and Humidity Control
Urine Processing
Galley
Primary Personal
Hygiene Facility
Atmosphere and
User Gas Bottles
Airlock
(AL)
Laboratory Module (Lab)
,,,,,,,
,,
,
,,
,
Node 1
Habitation
Module
(Hab)
,,
,
Primary Temperature
and Humidity Control
,,,,
Urine Processing
Galley
,,,
,
Water Processing
AR by removing CO2, using LiOH or regenerable CO2 sorbents; removing gaseous contaminants, using a low-temperature catalytic oxidizer;
and removing airborne particles and microorganisms, using filters. Carbon monoxide (CO)
detection is also considered to be an AR
function.
USOS/RS
Ventilation Fan
HX
SD 2
Sensible Heat
Exchanger &
Fan Package
(1 of 3)
Sensible Heat
Exchanger &
Fan Package
(3 of 3)
SD 9
SD 7
HX
,
,
,
,,,,,,,,
,,,
,
,
,
,,,,,,,,
SD 1
SD 4
,
,
,
,,,,,,,,
HX
,
,
,
,,,,,,,,
Sensible Heat
Exchanger (HX)
& Fan Package
(2 of 3)
SD 2
SD 3
HX
Dust Collectors
HX
SD 8
Portable Fan
Electrical Power
System Boxes
Sensible Heat
Exchanger &
Fan Package
(1 of 3)
Individual Cabin
Passive Part of
Manipulator
Unit Bay
Adapter
Node
THC
Mating Unit
Cycle
Ergometer
Gyro Plate
Central Control Post
Orientation
System Engines
Table
Body Mass
Measuring Device
Sluice Chamber
Running Track
Transfer Chamber
10
An AL
FIGURE 6.Isometric cutaway view of the U.S. Lab (ISS Reference Guide, 15 March 1994).
11
Exterior Outfitting
Interior Outfitting
Midbay Structure (4 Quads)
(Utilities Routing, Stowage,
Ventilation Fan & Filters)
IMV Feedthrough
Opened HatchStowed
Radial Hatch
Radial Ports (4)
(Active Berthing for
Attached Elements,
Utilities Feedthrough)
FIGURE 7.Nodes 1 and 2 design and outfitting (ISS Reference Guide, 15 March 1994).
12
FIGURE 8.PMA1.
13
External Structure
Crew Lock
Equipment Lock
Crew Lock
14
15
JEM
Connected to
Node 2
Exposed Facilities
Pressurized Module
Airlock
M1
M2
M3
L1
L2
L3
Code
L4
S3
S4
C1
T1
T2
Mission Name
M1 Material Science Experiment
M2 Space Processing for Advanced Material
M3 Commercial Space Processing Test
L1 Biology
L2 Space Medicine
L3 CELS System Experiment
Code
L4
S3
S4
C1
T1
T2
Mission Name
Biotechnology
High Energy Cosmic Ray Experiment
Ray Burst Observation
RFI Technology Development
Space Environment Test
Large Antenna System Technology
16
Grapple Fixture
Depressurization
Assembly
Grapple Fixture
Positive Pressure
Relief Valves
Main Trunnion
Negative Pressure
Relief Valves
Stabilizer Trunnion
17
Module
Launch
Date (23)
1 A/R
THC
FDS
ACS
AR
FGB
June 1998
(1)
(2)
(3)
(22)
2A
July 1998
(4)
(2)
1R
Service Module
December 1998
(6)
(2)
(7)
(8)
2R
Soyuz
January 1999
5A
U.S. Lab
May 1999
(10)
(2)
6A
June 1999
(10)
(2)
7A
Airlock
August 1999
(10)
(5)
Ptot
CRF
(11)
3R
UDM
December 2000
(1)
Node 2
April 2000
(10)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(1)
(2)
1J
August 2000
U.S. Hab
October 2002
17A
Hab racks
November 2002
11R
December 2002
12R
January 2003
19A
Hab racks
April 2003
UF7
Centrifuge
October 2003
1E
ESA APM
December 2003
WM
(9)
(16)
10A
16A
WRM
(11)
(12)
(13)
(11)
(14)
(13)
(16)
(19)
(20)
(14)
(21)
(17)
(18)
(15)
(16)
(2)
Notes:
(1)
No humidity control is provided, only sensible cooling (no latent cooling) (3 HXs in FGB, 2HXs in UDM and LSM), temperature sensor.
(2)
(3)
Basic atmospheric monitoring (O2, CO2, and H2O (deactivated after Flight 1R), total and partial pressure) and pressure equalization.
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
CO2 removal (with LiOH backup), O2 generator (with perchlorate candles as backup), TCCS, CO monitor.
(9)
(10)
THC using internal thermal control system (ITCS) low-temperature coolant loop, IMV.
(11)
Total pressure monitoring, vent and relief, O2/N2 distribution, pressure control assemblies (PCAs).
(12)
High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters for particulate and microorganism control.
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
(17)
(18)
(19)
(20)
(21)
(22)
Filters for removal of gaseous and particulate contaminants and airborne microorganisms.
(23)
18
Flight 1R
Flight 3R
Flights 5A and 6A
The U.S. Lab module is installed with Flight 5A and
is outfitted with additional equipment during Flight 6A,
adding considerable ECLSS capability to the USOS.
During Flight 5A the crew enters Node 1 for the first time,
and the Lab and Node 1 are occupied after the space
shuttle departs.
19
20
Flight 1E
The ESA APM is installed during Flight 1E. To a
large extent, the APM relies on the USOS for ECLS
functions. The ECLS functions that are performed in
the APM are listed in section 2.3. Limited information
is presently available on the methods that are used to
provide the required capabilities.
Flight UF7
The centrifuge is added with Flight UF7. The ECLSS
capabilities in the centrifuge include total atmospheric
pressure sensor, THC, IMV, atmosphere composition
monitoring (sample port), FDS (TBD), and a wastewater
return line. No detailed information is available on the
centrifuge ECLSS.
Flights 16A, 17A, and 19A
The U.S. Hab is installed and outfitted during Flights
16A, 17A, and 19A. Flight 19A is the final assembly
flight of the USOS. The Hab includes sleeping
21
Design for minimum risk of failure of mechanisms, structures, pressure vessels, materials, etc.
approaches may not be compatible without some modification. Table 4 lists differences and similarities in the
design philosophies of the U.S. and Russian ECLS
designers.
Parameter
Total Pressure
Total Pressure Monitoring
ppCO2 (1)
ppCO2 Monitoring
0 to 110.6 kPa
0 to 16.0 psia
1 to 1,000 mmHg
0.102 psia
0.147 psia
0.08 psia avg.
0 to 0.29 psia
1% FS
0 to 25 mmHg
0 to 0.48 psia
0 to 40 kPa
0 to 5.8 psia
< 80 kPa
25 to 70%
25 to 70%
30 to 70%
30 to 70%
Not monitored
Not monitored
1 to 35 mmHg
(1.5 mmHg accuracy)
1 to 35 mmHg
(1.5 mmHg accuracy)
17.8 to 26.7 C
65 to 80 F
18 to 28 C
64.4 to 82 F
60 to 90 F 1 F
4.4 to 15.6 C
40 to 60 F
4.4 to 15.6 C
40 to 60 F
Intramodule Circulation
10 to 40 fpm
(7 and 200 fpm,
lower and upper limits)
Intermodule Ventilation
66 2.4 L/sec
140 5 cfm
60 to 70 L/sec
ppO2
ppO2 Monitoring
ppN2
Relative Humidity
Atmospheric Temperature
Monitoring
Dewpoint
10.5%
10.5%
<100,000 particles/ft3
<2,000,000 particles/ft3
Temperature of Surfaces
4 C < touch
temperature < 45 C
46 to 49 C is acceptable
for momentary contact
39 F < touch
temperature < 113 F
114 to 120 F is acceptable
for momentary contact
> Dewpoint
> Dewpoint
0.5 lb/day
at 14.7 psia
Particulate Concentration
(0.5 to 100 mm diameter)
Notes:
(1) During crew exchanges the maximum daily average ppCO2 is 1.01 kPa (7.6 mmHg), with a peak of up to 1.33 kPa (10 mmHg).
(2) Total atmospheric leakage is to be less than 0.68 kg/day (1.5 lb/day), although the ability to accommodate 2.04 kg/day (4.5 lb/day) leakage is to be present.
(3) For Node 1, the cupola, and the MPLM, the requirement is 17.8 to 29.4 C (65 to 85 F) since these modules do not have a CCAA.
(4) The RS total pressure requirement encompasses the USOS requirement. Since the USOS controls the total atmospheric pressure, the total pressure will
meet the USOS requirement.
23
0.84 kg/person/day
1.84 lb/person/day
0.49 to 1.25
1.08 to 2.76
0.86 kg/day/person
1.89 lb/day/person
Experiment O2 Consumption
120 g/day
0.26 lb/day
TBD
TBD
Animal O2 Consumption
1.08 kg/day
2.38 lb/day
Parameter
Crew O2 Consumption
137 W/person
TBD
6W
TBD
1.82 kg/day/person
4.01 lb/day/person
0.87 to 4.30
1.92 to 9.48
136 g
0.30 lb
TBD
TBD
2.8 kg/day/person
6.2 lb/day/person
Up to 5.15
Up to 11.35
2.5 L/day/person
5.5 lb/day/person
6.8 kg/day/person
15.0 lb/day/person
Up to 7.3
Up to 16.0
1.56 kg/day/person
3.43 lb/day/person
Up to 2.0
Up to 4.4
1.2 kg/day/person
2.64 lb/day/person
3,000 CFU/person/min
N/A
1 109 pcs/person/day
N/A
1.00 kg/person/day
2.20 lb/person/day
0.52 to 1.50
1.14 to 3.30
136 g/day
0.30 lb/day
TBD
TBD
Experimental Animals
Heat Loads (1)
Crew-Generated Moisture
Notes:
(1)
These values are for 72 rodents. Up to 72 rodents (or an equivalent metabolic load) may be accommodated.
(2)
The CO2 generation rate is based on CO2 releases of 13.5 L/hr during sleep, 18.7 L/hr during light work, and 72 L/hr during exercise
(0006A4a, p. 26).
24
U.S.
Trace Contaminant
Detection/Control Before Entry
(Note: A result of this different approach is that Russian SMAC values tend to be smaller than U.S. SMAC values. The U.S. TCCS equipment is capable,
however, of maintaining concentrations well below the SMAC values for most compounds.)
Failure Tolerance
Internal Hatches
Intermodule Ventilation
Fire Protection
Emergency Equipment
Breathing Masks
Biocide in Water
Ag
I2
(Note: There is an integration concern that if the waters are mixed, AgI2 would precipitate out, removing biocide activity and potentially clogging lines.)
25
U.S.
O2 Consumption:
0.86 kg/day/person (1.89 lb/day/person)
CO2 Production:
1.00 kg/day/person (2.20 lb/day/person)
O2 Consumption:
0.84 kg/day/person (1.84 lb/day/person)
CO2 Production:
1.00 kg/day/person (2.20 lb/day/person)
Oxygen Concentration
Oxygen Supply
Initial Operation:
Supplied by RS or shuttle
After the Hab OGA is Operating:
100% is generated by electrolysis.
(O2 for EVAs is resupplied from the
space shuttle in tanks.)
(Note: During crew exchange, the specifications allow 7.6 mmHg with peaks to 9.9 mmHg.)
Humidity Removal
Operating Pressure
Crew Accommodation
EVA Atmosphere
EVA Suits
Food Supply
Potable Water
Hardware Location
Hardware Maintenance
26
Another difference relates to identifying and correcting problems. During normal station operations, the
Russians maintain an identical system on the ground
operating concurrently with the flight unit. This approach
allows for hardware problems to be anticipated and
corrective actions to be implemented before a problem
develops on orbit, since the ground unit begins operation
before the flight unit. An additional new unit is kept on
the ground, and it is assumed that it would replace the
flight unit if that unit failed and was not repairable on
orbit. The United States does not have such a duplicate
of the USOS.
ACS
Control Total Atmospheric Pressure
Introduce Nitrogen
Control Oxygen Partial Pressure
Introduce Oxygen
Relieve Overpressure
Equalize Pressure
Respond to Rapid Decompression
Monitor Humidity
Monitor CO2
Remove CO2
Dispose of CO2
Control Gaseous Contaminants
RS
USOS
JEM
APM
MPLM
N/A (1)
N/A (1)
N/A (1)
N/A (1)
N/A (1)
N/A (1)
N/A (1)
(3)
N/A (1)
(6)
N/A (1)
(6)
N/A (1)
(6)
X
X
N/A (1)
N/A (1)
N/A
(7)
(2)
(2)
N/A
(7)
(2)
(2)
N/A
N/A (1)
N/A (1)
(2)
(2)
(5)
N/A (1)
(5)
N/A (1)
N/A (1)
(5)
N/A (1)
(4)
(5)
N/A (1)
(4)
(5)
N/A (1)
(4)
(5)
N/A (1)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
27
USOS
JEM
APM
MPLM
FDS
Respond to Fire
Extinguish Fire
N/A
WM
Accommodate Crew Hygiene and Wastes
N/A
N/A
(8)
WRM
Provide Water for Crew Use
Process Wastewater
Supply Water for Payloads
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
VS
Supply Vacuum Services to User Payloads
Provide Water
Provide Oxygen
Evacuate Airlock
Support Station Ingress
Accept Wastewater
Other
Distribute gases to user payloads
Notes:
indicates that a capability is provided.
X indicates that a capability is not provided.
N/A indicates that a capability requirement does not apply to this segment
(1) This capability is provided by the USOS.
(2) This capability is performed using the same method as that of the USOS.
(3) The MPLM capability to relieve overpressure is disabled when the MPLM is attached to the USOS.
(4) Gaseous contaminants (including H2 and CH4) are monitored in the USOS with samples provided via the Sample Delivery System (SDS) from the APM,
JEM, and MPLM.
(5) CO2 and gaseous contaminants are removed by IMV with the USOS, where the CDRA and TCCS are located.
(6) Recovery from decompression is by pressure equalization with Node 2 (for the APM and MPLM), or by O2 and N2 supplied from the USOS (for the JEM).
(7) Moisture that is collected from the CHX is delivered, via tubing, to the USOS water processor (WP).
(8) Wastes are returned to Earth in the MPLM.
28
Relieve Overpressure
The total pressure is maintained below the maximum
allowable design pressure for the ISS, the maximum
allowable design pressure is 104.7 kPa (15.2 psia,
786 mmHg). The RS modules are designed to accommodate pressures as high as 128.8 kPa (18.7 psia,
970 mmHg).
Equalize Pressure
The pressure differential between adjacent, isolated
volumes at 775 mmHg (15.0 psia) and 740 mmHg
(14.3 psia) can be equalized to less than 0.5 mmHg
(0.01 psia) within 3 min.
Control Atmospheric Temperature
The atmospheric temperature is monitored over the
range of 15.5 to 32.2 C (60 to 90 F) with an accuracy
of 1 C (2 F). The atmospheric temperature in the cabin
aisleway is maintained within the range of 18 to 28 C
(64 to 82 F) and within 1.5 C (3 F) of the selected
temperature.
29
Control CO2
Combustible
Material
Present
No
Yes
Ignition
Source
Present
No
Yes
Fire Risk
Location
V>0
Airflow
Velocity
at the Location
V=0
30
15 Days
10.0
5.0
5.0
10.0
100.0
100.0
0.5
30 Days
3.0
3.0
2.0
10.0
50.0
0.5
60 Days
1.0
1.0
2.0
10.0
50.0
0.5
90 Days
1.0
1.0
1.0
10.0
4.0
50.0
0.5
180 Days
0.5
1.0
1.0
0.2
5.0
4.0
20.0
0.5
360 Days
1.0
0.5
1.0
1.0
0.2
0.8
2.0
5.0
3.0
0.5
10.0
4.0
0.05
10.0
20.0
2.0
0.01
0.5
0.25
0.5
0.2
0.25
0.1
10.0
0.1
0.25
8.0
5.0
31
32
Range (ppm)
5 to 400
1 to 100
1 to 100
1 to 100
33
TABLE 8.U.S. spacecraft maximum allowable concentrations of gaseous contaminants (S68329573D, SSP41000B).
34
Chemical (mg/m3)
1 hr
24 hr
Acetaldehyde
Acrolein
Ammonia
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Monoxide
1,2-Dichloroethane
2-Ethoxyethanol
Formaldehyde
FreonTM113
Hydrazine
Hydrogen
Indole
Mercury
Methane
Methanol
Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Methyl Hydrazine
Dichloromethane
Octamethyltrisiloxane
2-Propanol
Toluene
Trichloroethylene
Trimethylsilanol
Xylene
20
0.2
20
10
60
2
40
0.5
400
5
340
5
0.1
3,800
40
150
0.004
350
4,000
1,000
60
270
600
430
10
0.08
14
10
20
2
40
0.12
400
0.4
340
1.5
0.02
3,800
13
150
0.004
120
2,000
240
60
60
70
430
4
0.03
7
5.3
10
2
2
0.05
400
0.03
340
0.25
0.01
3,800
9
30
0.004
20
200
150
60
20
40
220
180 days
4
0.03
7
5.3
10
1
0.3
0.05
400
0.005
340
0.25
0.01
3,800
9
30
0.004
10
40
150
60
10
40
220
35
Fire Protection
(FP) Location
(Rack, Standoff,
Endcones)
Any Potential
Fire Source
in Location
?
No
Detection/Fixed
Suppression
Not Required
No
Submit Category I
Material Usage
Agreement (MUA)
Yes
Configuration
Meets NHB 8060.1C
Flammability
Requirements?
Yes
O2
Mechanical Joints
or Fittings Internal to
Location Creating
Leakage/Buildup
Potential1
?
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
Compliance
With all Wire Derating
and Over-Current
Protection Requirements
(SSP 30312)2
?
Method for
Preventing O2 Buildup
Exceeding Material
Certification
Limits?
No
1. An O2 line running through a location with no fittings, fittings with redundant seals,
metal seals, or only welded fittings internal to the location would be a no. Also
assumes worst case credible failure for determining leakage/buildup potential.
2. Compliance with SSP 30312 is determined by Parts Control Board for any deviations.
36
Flight Crew
Support Equipment
Powered Only When Crew
Present at FP Location,
and Can Readily
Detect a Fire
Event?
Yes
Detection/Fixed
Suppression
Not Required
No
Forced Airflow
Present in Location
(e.g., Air-Cooled)
?
Yes
No
No
All
Electromechanical
Equipment or Avionics3
Present in Hermetically
Sealed Enclosure
?
No
FDIR4
Will Detect All
Failure Modes That May
Cause Potential
Fire Events
?
Yes
Yes
Detection/Fixed
Suppression
Not Required
Yes
Method
Provided for
Sampling Location for
Toxic Gasses Prior
to Opening5
?
No
3. Avionics refers to any electrical equipment or components other than power/data connectors, cables, lines, or wires
(e.g., card-mounted electronic components). Electromechanical equipment refers to any motors, pumps, etc.
4. FDIR must be sufficient to alert the crew to failure modes of the equipment, not in hermetically sealed enclosures, which
could cause a fire event. Notification of loss of function satisfies the FDIR requirements. Electrical equipment and wiring
having two upstream devices to detect and isolate over-current and short circuiting conditions meet the FDIR requirements.
5. Sampling is intended to allow the crew to avoid opening a location which may contain a buildup of hazardous offgassing.
Sampling through a PFE supression port using the GFE manual sampling equipment satisfies this requirement.
37
Detection/
Isolation Required
Potential
Fire Source
When Station in
Untended
Mode?
No
No
Yes
Configuration
Meets NHB 8060.1C
Flammability
Requirements?
Fixed Suppression
not Required6
Yes
O2
Mechanical Joints
or Fittings Internal to
Location Creating
Leakage/Buildup
Potential7
?
No
Yes
Submit Cat. I
MUA
Fixed Suppression
Required
No
Method for
Preventing O2 Buildup
Exceeding Material
Certification Limits?
Yes
6. Based on capability of crew to perform suppression via PFE's for locations which will be powered
only when the ISS is tended. When the ISS is untended the material control and no O2 leakage/buildup
potential will prevent fire from propagating.
7. An O2 line running through a location with no fittings, fittings with redundant seal, or only welded
fittings internal to the location would be a no. Assumes worst case credible failure.
38
Support Denitrogenation
Equalize Pressure
39
Aesthetics
CO2
Microbial
Bacteria/Fungi
Total Coliform
Virus
Organic Parameters (2)
Total Acids
Cyanide
Halogenated Hydrocarbons
Total Phenols
Total Alcohols
Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
Uncharacterized TOC (UTOC) (3)
Potable Water
Specifications (4)
100 mg/L
15 Pt/Co Units
3 TTN
3 TON
40 microns (max size)
6.0 to 8.5
1 NTU
(1) (free at 37 C)
(1) (STP)
15 mg/L
100 CFU/100 mL
<1 CFU/100 mL
<1 CFU/100 mL
500 g/L
200 g/L
10 g/L
1 g/L
500 g/L
500 g/L
100 g/L
Parameters
Potable Water
Specifications (4)
Inorganic Constituents
Ammonia
Arsenic
Barium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chlorine (TotalIncludes Chloride)
Chromium
Copper
Iodine (TotalIncludes Organic Iodine)
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Nitrate (NO3-N)
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sulfate
Sulfide
Zinc
Bactericide
Residual Iodine (Minimum)
Residual Iodine (Maximum)
0.5 mg/L
0.01 mg/L
1.0 mg/L
0.005 mg/L
30 mg/L
200 mg/L
0.05 mg/L
1.0 mg/L
15 mg/L
0.3 mg/L
0.05 mg/L
50 mg/L
0.05 mg/L
0.002 mg/L
0.05 mg/L
10 mg/L
340 mg/L
0.01 mg/L
0.05 mg/L
250 mg/L
0.05 mg/L
5 mg/L
1 mg/L
4 mg/L
Notes:
(1) No detectable gas using a volumetric gas versus fluid measurement systemexcludes CO2 used for aesthetic purposes.
(2) Each parameter/constituent maximum contamination level (MCL) must be considered individually and independently of others.
(3) UTOC equals TOC minus the sum of analyzed organic constituents expressed in equivalent TOC.
(4) MCL.
40
Control CO2
This capability is provided by the USOS.
Control Gaseous Contaminants
Primary control is provided by the USOS. The
capability to initiate depressurization of the APM is
provided.
Respond to Fire
The capability to detect a fire event in accordance
with the selection criteria in figures 14, 15, and 16 is
provided. Isolation of the fire (by removal of power and
forced ventilation in the affected location) will occur
within 30 sec of detection. Forced ventilation between
modules will stop within 30 sec of annunciation of a Class
I fire alarm. PBAs and PFEs are provided.
Detection of a fire will initiate a Class I alarm and
a visual indication of the fire event will be activated. The
PFEs will suppress a fire within 1 min of suppressant
discharge by reducing the oxygen concentration to less
than 10.5 percent. When initiated by the crew or Ground
Control, the APM will vent the atmosphere to space to
achieve an oxygen concentration less than 6.9 kPa
(1.0 psia) within 10 min. The capability to restore the
habitable environment after a fire event is present.
Control Airborne Particulate Contaminants
The average atmospheric particulate level complies
with class 100,000 clean room requirements.
41
Respond to Fire
The daily average concentration of airborne microorganisms is limited to less than 1,000 CFU/m3.
Control CO2
This capability is provided by the USOS.
Control Gaseous Contaminants
This capability is provided by the USOS.
Control Airborne Particulate Contaminants
Airborne particulates are removed to have no more
than 0.05 mg/m3 (100,000 particles per ft3) with peak
concentrations less than 1.0 mg/m3 (2 million particles/
ft3) for particles from 0.5 to 100 microns in diameter.
42
The differential pressure of depressurization, repressurization, and the depressurized condition can be tolerated without resulting in a hazard or failure propagation.
Respond to Hazardous Atmosphere
The atmosphere can be vented to space to achieve an
atmospheric pressure less than 2.8 kPa (0.4 psia) within
24 hr.
43
Support Denitrogenation
This capability is not required in the MPLM.
Support Service and Checkout
This capability is not required in the MPLM.
Support Station Egress
44
Interfaces include those between the different segments and those between different components within a
segment. Interfaces between segments or modules include
structural/mechanical and utility connections consisting of
electrical power, atmosphere, structural and mechanical
loads, data, and commands. (Data and command interfaces with the controllers on Earth are not considered in
this report.) Interfaces include atmospheric ducting between modules within a segment. Other examples are the
interfaces between the PFEs and the racks that may be
potential fire sources, and the connections for the PBA.
The interfaces that relate to ECLS are discussed in the
following paragraphs.
Heat Load
The maximum heat load exchanged between Node 2
and the APM is 200 W for sensible heat with no latent
heat transfer.
45
Mechanical /Structural
Mechanical
Atmosphere
Power
Data
Gases
Oxygen
Thermal Conditioning
Nitrogen
Data
Thermal Conditioning
Video
Video
Vacuum
Audio
Waste Gas
Power
Fire Suppression
USOS
User
Payloads
APM
Mechanical/Structural
Control
Power
Communication
Data
Visual
Shuttle or
AR5/ATV
(TBD)
Crew
Mechanical
MSS
TBD
Power
DRS
Data
TBD
U.S. Ground
Segment
(USGS)
TBD
Support
Equipment
USOS
Mechanical /Structural
Mechanical
Atmosphere
Power
Data
Gases
Oxygen
Thermal Conditioning
Nitrogen
Data
Thermal Conditioning
Video
Video
Vacuum
Audio
Waste Gas
Power
Fire Suppression
User
Payloads
Condensate Water
JEM
Shuttle
MSS
Mechanical/Structural
Control
Power
Communication
Data
Visual
Mechanical
Data
Power
Audio
Data
Video
Crew
USGS
Atmospheric Sampling
A separate internal line is used to acquire samples for
monitoring (in the USOS) the major constituents and trace
contaminants in the APM, JEM, and MPLM atmospheres.
The maximum pressure loss in the sampling line on the
APM side of the interface is 6.89 mbar (0.10 psia) at a
flowrate of 400 scc/min.
Condensate Water
Condensate from the CHX in the APM and JEM is
delivered to the water processor in the USOS via wastewater lines. The pressure in the wastewater lines can
47
Mechanical/Structural
Atmosphere
Mechanical
Data
USOS
User Payloads
(Transport/
Storage Only)
Thermal Conditioning
Video
Audio
Power
Control
MPLM
Mechanical/Structural
Shuttle
Communication
Visual
Crew
Power
Data
Mechanical
MSS
Power
Data
Data
Audio
Video
USGS
Research Animals
Research animals on the USOS are phased in three
steps: 24 rodents by 2001 (UF5), 48 rodents by 2002
(UF6), and 72 rodents by Assembly Complete (AC). The
ECLS system is sized to handle the full animal load but
the water balance is not completely defined. In principle
there is an agreement to transfer water, but no details
about how to do it. Some remaining issues to be addressed are:
Water Balance
The material connection of the USOS and RS affects
such factors as the water balance between the segments,
due to different specified maximum dewpoints15.6 C
(60 F) for the USOS and 13.9 C (57 F) for the RS
and differences in the ways that the U.S. and Russian
humidity control equipment operates. For example, for a
three-person crew the U.S. THC maintains the ppH2O at
about 1.1 kPa (8 mmHg), whereas the Russian condensate
collection device does not operate until the ppH2O
reaches 1.3 to 1.6 kPa (10 to 12 mmHg). The U.S. THC
operates essentially continuously, whereas the Russian
condensate collection device operates for 6 to 8 hr per
24-hr period. The Russians also separate humidity control
and temperature control, whereas the U.S. THC combines
these functions. Because of these operational differences,
the USOS collects most of the condensate.
Several options are available to address the water imbalance and the water shortage of the RS:
SM
FGB
PMA1/Node 1
U.S. Lab
LSM
CTV
FIGURE 20.ISS cooling and humidity removal loads configuration after the Russian LSM is installed.
Biocide Compatibility
The United States uses iodine for a biocide in the
water supply, whereas the Russians use silver. If the
different waters are mixed, intentionally or inadvertently,
the iodine and silver can combine to form silver iodide,
which precipitates as a solid, and can clog lines and
diminish the biocide capabilities.
4.3 Responsibilities
Responsibilities are listed below:
50
Isolation of a fire must not cause loss of functionality that may create a catastrophic hazard.
51
52
5.5 Verification
Verifying that the required capabilities are provided
by the completed system requires ensuring that the
components that make up the system perform their
required functions. Verification refers to tests or evaluations performed to ensure that equipment will function as
designed when exposed to the flight environment. The
verification methods that Russian, U.S., and international
partners engineers use are similar, but have some differences. These methods are discussed in section 5.5.1.
Testing may be performed at different levels, such
as component, assembly, or system. Also, testing may be
performed at different phases of design, such as development, qualification, or acceptance. These terms are
defined in sections 5.5.2 and 5.5.3.
Since the ISS will be operational for many years, it
would be possible to perform some verification on orbit.
This is undesirable for numerous reasons and it has been
agreed to complete verification on the ground so that no
on-orbit verification is needed. An example of a verification matrix showing the methods used to verify some of
the life support capabilities is shown in table 11. A
detailed verification plan specifies the objectives for
verifying each capability. For more information see
Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS)
Architecture Description Document, Volume 3, ECLS
Integration and Planning, Book 1, Verification Plan,
Revision A, D6841050831, Boeing, 31 May 1996.
Analysis
Inspection
Test
Control Atmospheric
Pressure
Condition Atmosphere
Respond to Emergency
Conditions
Provide Water
In-flight testing
Engineering analysis
Modeling (with a low-fidelity mockup)
Verification on the basis of previous test results
or standard use, including previous flight test
results
Certification for use from previous applications
(technical applicability and legal permission
from the manufacturer)
In-plant quality control
Acceptance testing (testing upon delivery from
manufacturer or subcontractor)
Integrated test facility and launch site testing.
High-fidelity mockups are used for verification, developing procedures, training, and troubleshooting.
Verification of the ISS equipment by U.S. engineers
includes one or more of the following methods:
Analysis/Similarity
Inspection
Test
Review of Design (ROD)
Demonstration (D).
53
54
FGB
SM
LSM
Cargo
T, A
T, A
T, A
T, A
Flight
Flight
Flight
Flight
RM
ACS
Control Total Pressure
Monitor Total Pressure
Introduce N2
Control ppO2
Monitor ppO2
Introduce O2
Relieve Overpressure
Equalize Pressure
Respond to Rapid Decompression
A
A ,I
I, A
T, A
T, A
T, A
T, A, S
Monitor Humidity
Remove Excess Moisture
T, A
T, A
T, A
A, I
T, A
T, A
T, A
T, A
Intramodule
Intermodule
Flight
Flight
AR
Control ppCO2
Monitor ppCO2
Remove CO2
Dispose of CO2
T, A
A
I, R
I, R
A
Respond to Fire
Detect Fire
TBD
TBD
Isolate Fire
Extinguish Fire
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
I, A, D
WM
Accommodate Crew Hygiene and Wastes
WRM
Provide Water for Crew Use
Monitor Water Quality
A, T, I
A
A
Process Wastewater
TBD
55
56
Lab
Hab
AL
Centrifuge
Node
A, T
A, T, I
A, T
A, T, I
A, T
A, T, I
A, T
A, T, I
A, T
A, T, I
A, T
A, T, I
A, T
A, T, I
A, T
A, T, I
A, T
A, T, I
A, T
A, T, I
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A, T
A, T
A, T
A, T
A, T
A, T
A, T
A, T
A, T
A, T
A, T
A, T
A, T, I, D
A, T, I
A, T
A, T
A, T, I, D
A, T, I
A, T
A, T
A, T, I, D
A, T, I
A, T
A, T
A, T, I, D
A, T, I
A, T
A, T
A, T, I, D
A, T, I
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
A
AI
A
A
TABLE 14.Verification methods for APM, JEM, and MPLM ECLS functions.
ECLS Function
ACS
Control Total Pressure
Monitor Total Pressure
Introduce N2
Control ppO2
Monitor ppO2
Introduce O2
Relieve Overpressure
Equalize Pressure
Detect Rapid Decompression
Respond to Hazardous Atmosphere
Remove Hazardous Atmosphere
Recover From Hazardous Atmosphere
APM
JEM
MPLM
A,T
A,T
A,T
THC
Control Atmospheric Temperature
Monitor Atmospheric Temperature
Remove Atmospheric Heat
Control Atmosphere Moisture
Monitor Humidity
Remove Excess Moisture
Dispose of Removed Moisture
Circulate Atmosphere
Intramodule
Intermodule
AR
Control ppCO2
Monitor ppCO2
Remove CO2
Dispose of CO2
Control Gaseous Contaminants
Remove Gaseous Contaminants
Dispose of Gaseous Contaminants
Control Airborne Particulate Contaminants
Control Airborne Microorganisms
FDS
Respond to Fire
Detect Fire
Isolate Fire
Extinguish Fire
Recover From Fire
A, T
A,T,D
A, T, I, D
I
A, T
A,T,D
A, T, I, D
I
A, T
A,T,D
A, T, I, D
I
WM
Accommodate Crew Hygiene and Wastes
WRM
Provide Water for Crew Use
Monitor Water Quality
Supply Potable Water
Supply Water for Hygiene Use
Process Wastewater
57
Failure
Detection
Hydraulic Loops
Moisture Collection
58
Isolation/
Recovery
1.0 Introduction
The ISS USOS provides living and working space for
up to six people in low-Earth orbit. A specialized laboratory module provides the capability for long-term
scientific research, primarily in the areas of materials
science, biology, and medicine. Earth observation and
some astronomical research also may be performed.
An AL
Three PMAs
* As noted in Chapter 1, due to recent program changes Node 2 and Node 3 (in place of the U.S. Hab) will be built by Italy and the
centrifuge by Japan.
59
USOS
ECLSS
Atmosphere Control
and Supply (ACS)
Water Processor
Urine Processor
Water Storage
PCWQM
Temperature and
Humidity Control (THC)
CCAA
AAA
IMV
HEPA Filters
Other Functions
Vacuum System (VS)
Provide Gases and Water to Payloads
Support EVA ECLS
60
are listed in table 17. Some of these functions are available before Flight 6A and Flight 19A. The monitoring and
control consoles are described in section 2.2. Interconnections between the ECLS systems in different modules are
discussed in section 2.3. Expendable components that
must be resupplied are discussed in section 2.4.
AL
PMA
Centrifuge
X
X
TBD
TBD
(3)
X
X
(3)
X
X
(3)
X
X
X
(2)
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
X
X
X
X
TBD
TBD
X
X
X
TBD
TBD
TBD
X
X
X
X
TBD
TBD
X
X
X
X
X
X
TBD
TBD
TBD
X
X
TBD
TBD
X
X
X
X
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
(3)
X
X
(3)
X
X
(3)
(4)
(4)
X
X
X
TBD
TBD
TBD
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
TBD
TBD
TBD
FDS
Respond to Fire
Detect a Fire Event
Isolate Fire Control Zone
Extinguish Fire
Recover From a Fire
X
X
X
X
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
WM
Accommodate Crew Hygiene and Wastes
TBD
ACS
Control Total Atmospheric Pressure
Monitor Total Atmospheric Pressure (3)
Introduce Nitrogen
Control Oxygen Partial Pressure
Monitor Oxygen Partial Pressure
Introduce Oxygen (6)
Relieve Overpressure
Equalize Pressure
Respond to Rapid Decompression
Detect Rapid Decompression
Recover From Rapid Decompression
Respond to Hazardous Atmosphere
Detect Hazardous Atmosphere (5)
Remove Hazardous Atmosphere
Recover From Hazardous Atmosphere
THC
Control Atmospheric Temperature
Monitor Atmospheric Temperature
Remove Atmospheric Heat
Control Atmospheric Moisture
Monitor Humidity
Remove Atmospheric Moisture
Dispose of Removed Moisture
Control Airborne Particulate Contaminants
Remove Airborne Particulate Contaminants
Dispose of Airborne Particulate
Contaminants
Control Airborne Microbial Growth
Remove Airborne Microorganisms
Dispose of Airborne Microorganisms
Circulate Atmosphere: Intramodule
Circulate Atmosphere: Intermodule
AR
Control CO2
Monitor CO2 (3)
Remove CO2
Dispose of CO2
Control Gaseous Contaminants
Monitor Gaseous Contaminants (5)
Remove Gaseous Contaminants
Dispose of Gaseous Contaminants
Lab
Hab
Node 1
Node 2
61
Lab
Hab
Node 1
Node 2
WRM (6)
Provide Water for Crew Use
Monitor Water Quality
Supply Potable Water
Supply Hygiene Water
Process Wastewater
Supply Water for Payloads
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
VS
Supply Vacuum Services to User Payloads
Provide Waste Gas Exhaust
Provide Vacuum Resource
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
EVA Support
Support Denitrogenation
Support In-Suit Prebreathe
Support Campout Prebreathe
Support Service and Checkout
Provide Water
Provide Oxygen
Provide In-Suit Purge
Support Station Egress
Evacuate Airlock
Support Station Ingress
Accept Wastewater
Other
Distribute Gases to User Payloads
AL
PMA
Centrifuge
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
X
X
X
X
X
X
TBD
TBD
X
X
X
X
X
X
TBD
TBD
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
TBD
TBD
TBD
TBD
(1)
TBD
TBD
Notes:
indicates that a capability is provided.
X indicates that a capability is not provided.
TBD indicates that it is unknown or not yet determined whether a capability will be provided.
(1) Wastewater is delivered to Node 1 through the wastewater bus and then is delivered to the Hab for processing after Hab outfitting. Prior to Hab outfitting,
the wastewater is stored in the condensate tank in the Lab.
(2) PMA1 does not have a hatch and, therefore, no pressure equalization capability.
(3) Atmospheric composition is monitored by the MCA, which is part of the AR subsystem in the Lab and Hab. The MCA monitors the partial pressures of O2,
N2, H2, CO2, and CH4 via the SDS.
(4) For campout only.
(5) Provided by CHeCS, which is in the Lab initially. After the Hab is installed, CHeCS is moved to the Hab. CHeCS can be installed in any module.
(6) Water for electrolysis to provide O2 is supplied by the WRM subsystem from the water processor.
TABLE 17.The major USOS ECLS hardware items and their locations.
Flight
Function
Capability or Device
6A
19A
Lab
X
Lab
Lab
Lab,
Node 1
Lab, Hab
Lab, Hab,
Nodes 1 and 2,
Intermodule Ventilation
Node 1, Lab
AL
Nodes 1 and 2,
Node 1
Lab, Hab
Node 1
Lab
Lab, Hab, AL
Lab
Lab, Hab
Lab
Lab, Hab
Oxygen Generation/Supply
CO2 Reduction
(Interface Connections Only)
Hab
Lab,
Node 1
Lab
Node 1
Lab, Hab,
Nodes 1 and 2,
AL
Lab, Hab,
Nodes 1 and 2,
AL
Commode/Urinal
Water Processing
X
X
Hab
Hab
Lab
Condensate Storage
Lab
Lab Backup
Urine Processing
Hab
Hab
Water Vents
Lab
Lab
Lab
Lab
Atmosphere Revitalization
Waste Management
Water Recovery and Management
Vacuum Services
Note: X indicates that the capability is not present.
63
FDS
Potable
Water Use
Detection
WM
Air Flow
Hygiene
Water Use
Waste Storage
Wastewater
Pretreated Urine
Potable Water
Urinal
Commode
O2/N2
Storage
Isolation
ACS
THC
IMV
Cabin Air
Air Circulation
Mixing/Delivery of
Atmosphere
Homogeneous/
Habitable
Atmosphere
ppH20
Temperature/
Humidity Control
H2O
Water Storage
Water Venting
AR
CO2 Removal
Atmosphere
Water
Processor
ppO2
Equipment Cooling
WRM
Urine processor
O2/N2 Supply
ACS PCA
O2/N2 Delivery
Suppression
Avionics Air
O2
Control ppCO2
CO2
H2
Control Distribution
Storage and Venting
Legend
CO2 Reduction
CH4 to Vent
H2O to WRM
Control Trace
Contaminants
Monitor Major
Constituents
Hardware
Function/Control
Hardware That may be Added
Data
Fluid
H 2O
O2
O2 Generation
64
126
125
HP Oxygen
128
127
HP Nitrogen
129
130
Fuel-Cell Water
Portable Jumper
1234567890 ABCDEFGHIJK
ABCDEFGHI 1234567890
1234567890 ABCDEFGHIJK
ABCDEFGHI 1234567890
10
AABBCCDDEEFFGG
AABBCCDDEEFFGG
6
AABBCCDDEEFFGG
4
AABBCCDDEEFFGG
2
AABBCCDDEEFFGG
0
0
10
AABBCCDDEEFFGG
AABBCCDDEEFFGG
+
+
85649732187
,,,
,,,
85649732187
Power Modes
,,,,
,,,,
,,,,
,,,
,,,
A. Power Up
Switch
ON
1. Switch A. 1231
2. Switch B.
3678
3. Switch C.
4546
B. Power Down
1. Switch C.
2. Switch B.
3. Switch A.
Switch OFF
4546
3678
1231
,,,,
,,,,
,,,,
65
Parameter
IMV Supply
IMV Return
Node 1/Hab
Lab/Node 1
Node 1/Cupola
Lab/Node 2
41140
41140
41141
41141
41142
41142
41143
41143
TemperatureC (F)
DewpointC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Press LossPa (inch of H20)
Min Flowratem3/hr (cfm)
18.329.5 (6585)
7.229. 5 (4585)
7.229.5 (4585)
18.329.5 (6585)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
N/A
N/A
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
N/A
N/A
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
37 (0.15)
220 (130)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
72 (0.29)
212 (125)
TemperatureC (F)
DewpointC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Min Flowratem3/hr (cfm)
18.329.5 (6585)
1829.5 (6585)
N/A
18.329.5 (6585)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
203 (120)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
212 (125)
N/A
N/A
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
220 (130)
Nitrogen
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Pressbar (psia)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Oxygen
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Pressbar (psia)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Recharge
Nitrogen
TemperatureC (F)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Pressbar (psia)
N/A
N/A
N/A
Recharge
Oxygen
TemperatureC (F)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Pressbar (psia)
N/A
N/A
N/A
Wastewater
Nominal Only
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psig)
Max Design Pressbar (psig)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/hr)
12.745 (55113)
00.6 (08)
5.85 (85)
00.9 02)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
12.745 (55113)
00.6 (08)
5.85 (85)
00.9 (02)
Fuel-Cell
Water
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psig)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
18.345 (65113)
01.4 (020)
01.8 (04)
18.345 (65113)
01.4 (020)
01.8 (04)
N/A
N/A
N/A
18.345 (65113)
01.4 (020)
01.8 (04)
Atmosphere
Sample Air
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Flowratescc/min
18.329.5 (6585)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
100 to 400
18.329.5 (6585)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
100 to 400
N/A
N/A
N/A
18.329.5 (6585)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
100 to 400
66
Parameter
IMV Supply
IMV Return
Node1/AL
Node 2/Centrifuge
Node 2/APM
Node 2/JEM
41145
41145
41147
41147
41150
42001
41151
42000
TemperatureC (F)
DewpointC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Press LossPa (inch of H20)
Min Flowratem3/hr (cfm)
18.326.7 (6580)
18.329.5 (6585)
18.329.5 (6585)
7.229. 5 (4585)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
117 (0.48)
195 (115)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
62 (0.25)
220 (130)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
117 (0.71)
220 (130)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
115 (0.46)
237 (140)
TemperatureC (F)
DewpointC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Min Flowratem3/hr (cfm)
18.329.5 (6585)
18.329.5 (6585)
18.329.5 (6585)
1829.5 (6585)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
N/A
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
204 (120)
125 (0.5)
237 (140)
137 (0.55)
237 (140)
Nitrogen
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Pressbar (psia)
Oxygen
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Pressbar (psia)
5.645 (60113)
6.58.2 (95120)
00.09 (00.2)
13.6 (200)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Recharge
Nitrogen
TemperatureC (F)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Pressbar (psia)
045 (25113)
01.4 (03)
231 (3,400)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Recharge
Oxygen
TemperatureC (F)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Press-bar (psia)
045 (25113)
07.3 (016)
72 (1,050)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Wastewater
Nominal Only
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psig)
Max Design Pressbar (psig)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/hr)
15.645 (60113)
00.6 (08)
5.85 (85)
00.23 (00.5)
12.745 (55113)
00.6 (08)
3.1 (45)
00.23 (00.5)
12.745 (55113)
00.6 (08)
3.1 (45)
00.23 (00.5)
12.745 (55113)
00.6 (08)
3.1 (45)
00.23 (00.5)
Fuel-Cell
Water
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psig)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
N/A
N/A
N/A
18.345 (65113)
01.4 (020)
01.8 (04)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Atmosphere
Sample Air
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Flowratescc/min
18.329.5 (6585)
0.71.03 (10.215.2)
100 to 400
18.329.5 (6585)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
100 to 400
18.329.5 (6585)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
100 to 400
67
ISPR
Node 2/MPLM
41152
41002
42007
42007
42097
42097
42121
42121
TemperatureC (F)
DewpointC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Press LossPa (inch of H20)
Min Flowratem3/hr (cfm)
N/A
7.229.5 (4585)
18.329.5 (6585)
N/A
N/A
N/A
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
229 (0.9)
229 (135)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
N/A
229246 (135145)
18.328 (6582.4)
4.413.9 (40-57)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
1 (0.004)
215251 (127148)
TemperatureC (F)
DewpointC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Min Flowratem3/hr (cfm)
N/A
18.329.5 (6585)
18.329.5 (6585)
18.329.5 (6585)
N/A
N/A
174 (0.7)
229 (135)
N/A
229246 (135145)
N/A
215251 (127148)
Nitrogen
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Pressbar (psia)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Oxygen
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Pressbar (psia)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Recharge
Nitrogen
TemperatureC (F)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Pressbar (psia)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Recharge
Oxygen
TemperatureC (F)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Pressbar (psia)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Wastewater
Nominal Only
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psig)
Max Design Pressbar (psig)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/hr)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Fuel-Cell
Water
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psig)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
18.345 (65113)
01.4 (020)
01.8 (04)
N/A
N/A
N/A
Atmosphere
Sample Air
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Flowratescc/min
N/A
N/A
N/A
18.329.5 (6585)
0.91.03 (13.915.2)
0 to 400
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
IMV Supply
IMV Return
68
Node 1/PMA1
ISSA/PBA
Shuttle to PMA
42122
42122
50104
N/A
NSTS21000IDD
N/A
TemperatureC (F)
DewpointC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Press LossPa (inch of H20)
Min Flowratem3/hr (cfm)
18.329.5 (6585)
7N/A
12.829.4 (5585)
N/A
N/A
229246 (135145)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
64.899 (3858)
TemperatureC (F)
DewpointC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Min Flowratem3/hr (cfm)
18.329.5 (6585)
N/A
18.329.5 (6585)
N/A
229246 9135145)
N/A
N/A
N/A
64.899 (3858)
Nitrogen
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Pressbar (psia)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Oxygen
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Pressbar (psia)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Recharge
Nitrogen
TemperatureC (F)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Pressbar (psia)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Recharge
Oxygen
TemperatureC (F)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
Max Design Pressbar (psia)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Wastewater
Nominal Only
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psig)
Max Design Pressbar (psig)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/hr)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Fuel-Cell
Water
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psig)
Flowratekg/hr (lb/min)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
18.345 (65113)
01.4 (020)
01.8 (04)
Atmosphere
Sample Air
TemperatureC (F)
Pressurebar (psia)
Flowratescc/min
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
IMV Supply
IMV Return
69
70
Interface Hardware
Description
This feedthrough consists of a fitting that is threaded at both ends, with a flange
having two O-ring seals. This fitting is inserted through a D-hole in the bulkhead
and secured with a jam-nut. A vestibule jumper with a threaded fitting connects to
this feed-through. This type of feedthrough is used for permanent module
interfaces.
This feedthrough consists of a fitting that is threaded at one end and has a QD fitting
at the other, with a flange having two O-ring seals. This fitting is inserted through a Dhole in the bulkhead and secured with a jam-nut. A vestibule jumper with a QD fitting
connects to this feedthrough. This type of feedthrough is used for temporary module
interfaces, such as between the MPLM and Node 2.
IMV jumpers are hard, sound-attenuating ducts with half of a V-band coupling on each
end.
Flexible hoses are used for jumpers other than the IMV jumper. The flex hoses are
Teflon with a braided Nomex cover. A threaded fitting or QD is attached at each
end of a flex hose to make a jumper.
Sample line jumpers have non-self-sealing QDs at each end, for permanent and
temporary module interfaces.
Active Berthing
Mechanism Berthing Plate
,
,
,,,
,,,
,
,
,
,
,,,
,
,
Inboard
Installed
Threaded Fluid
Fitting
Removed
Outboard
,,
,,
,
,,,
Threaded Fluid
Fitting
Seals
Jam-Nut
,
,
,,,, ,
,
,
,,,,,
Inboard
Installed
Threaded Fluid
Fitting
Seals
Female Quick
Disconnect Half
Removed
Jam-Nut
71
72
0
0
24
02 Tank ORU
N2 Tank ORU
Airlock Pump
Pressure Transducer
Pressure Regulator (O2, N2,
EVA)
Relief Valve
Peak
Power, W
Replacement
Period
0.07
48
1000
10 y service
life 10
Launches)
EVA/EVR
Combination
544
(1200);
100 kg/yr
(200 lb/yr)
227 (500)
0.07
~0
~0
~0
40
116
<30
Ressupply
mass, kg/yr
(lb/yr)
0.2 (0.01)
0.2 (0.01)
0.1 (0.005)
0.1 (0.004)
0.4 (0.015)
144 (5.0)
5.5 enabled
18
Crew
Time,
MMH/yr.
227 (500)
1.6 (3.6)
1.7 (3.8)
0.2 (0.5)
1.0 (2.1)
1.5 (3.3)
70.3 (155)
(200) gas
4585 (162)
544 (1200)
109 (240) dry
tank wt.; 91
(200) gas
0.43 (0.02)
12.2 (0.43)
3.1 (0.11)
1.7 (0.06)
1.4 (0.05)
34.0 (1.2)
14.1 (0.5)
3.0 (0.1)
544 (1200);
Avg. Power,
W
Volume, L
(ft3)
3.2 (7.0)
0.7 (1.6)
7.5 (16.6)
1.0 (2.2)
0.9 (2.0)
1.2 (2.6)
11.2 (24.8)
5.4 (12)
0.30 (0.66)
Mass, kg (lb)
Qty.
Spares
Qty.
Vent/Relief Valve
Assembly/ORU
4585 (162)
Ressupply
Vol., L/yr
(ft3/yr)
9 sets of 2 QDs
provided by Russia
externally mounted
on the AL
Hamilton Standard
Notes
10
29
23
23
10
Inlet ORU
Condensing HX
Water Separator
Temperature Sensor
Liquid Sensor
Pressure Sensor
IMV Fan
IMV Valve
CDRA
Blower/Precooler
2-Stage Pump
Desiccant/Sorbent Bed/
Check Valve ORU
Qty.
CCAA
Assembly/ORU
88
Qty.
Spares
40 (88)
10.9 (24.0)
5.6 (12.3)
201 (444)
12.4 (27.5)
5.4 (12.0)
2.14 (4.72)
Avg. Power,
W
Peak
Power, W
Replacement
Period
9.9 (0.35)
9.3 (0.3)
177 (6.3)
4.5 (0.16)
25 (0.9)
386 (13.7)
34.0 (1.2)
8.2 (0.3
8.2 (0.3)
44
(@40-120 cfm)
50-175
6 enabled
55
0.2
0.2
0.01
0.01
0.1
175
20
0.2
0.2
0.01
0.01
15
44
776
180-776
(@ 300-550
cfm)
0
844
cfm)
346
23
170
860
960
245
170
1487
0.06 (0.002)
0.2 (0.006)
0.6 (0.02)
0.6 (0.02)
11.3 (0.4)
50.9 (1.8)
82.1 (2.9)
108 (3.8)
130.2 (4.6)
400 (14.1)
468 (@ 450
Volume, L
(ft3)
5.1 (11.3)
9.2 (9.3)
0.3 (0.7)
0.4 (1.0)
0.47 (1.04)
0.24 (0.52)
4.1 (9.0)
7.5 (16.5)
11.9 (26.2)
54.45 (120)
25.3 (55.8)
112 (247)
Mass, kg (lb)
0.48
0.08
0.13
2.7
~0
Crew
Time,
MMH/yr.
47 (104)
Ressupply
mass, kg/yr
(lb/yr)
189 (6.7)
Ressupply
Vol., L/yr
(ft3/yr)
Allied-Signal
Aerospace Co.
Hamilton Standard
Allied-Signal
Aerospace Co.
Hamilton Standard
Notes
73
74
12
Selector Valve
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
TCCS
Blower
Flowmeter
Charcoal Bed
Catalytic Oxidizer2
MCA
Mass Spectrometer
Sample Pump
Sample Distribution
Chassis
2
1
EMI Filter
Heater Controllers
Qty.
Assembly/ORU
3.4 (7.4)
3 total;
1 on-orbit
1 on-orbit
113 (250)
15.8 (34.9)
5.7 (12.5)
8.0 (17.6)
2.1 (4.6)
13.9 (30.7)
3 total;
1 on-orbit
5.4 (12.0)
54.7 (120.7)
11.1 (24.4)
4.1 (9.1)
37 (81)
1.1 (2.4)
2.9 (6.5)
78.2 (172.5)
2.7 (6.0)
3.3 (7.3)
1 onorbit
1
3.0 (6.7)
Mass, kg (lb)
Qty.
Spares
0.14 (5)
23.8 (0.84)
5.4(0.19)
14.1 (0.5)
4.5 (0.16)
4.5 (0.16)
23.8 (0.84)
13.6 (0.48)
439 (15.5)
24.3 (0.86)
7.9 (0.28)
76.4 (2.7)
0.3 (0.01)
5.7 (0.2)
272 (9.6)
5.7 (0.2)
0.8 (0.3)
1.7 (0.06)
Volume, L
(ft3)
1470
1.8
30.8
34.9
0.1
31.8
0.1
87.6
7.6
121
11.5
34.5
174.6
19 (active);
10 (passive)
<1
2350
87.6
7.6
168
11.5
51.8
239
20
32
60
Once/10 yr
Once/2 yr
Once/2 yr
Once/3 yr
Once/yr
Once/90 days
Once/90 days
Avg. Power,
Peak
Replacement
W
Power, W
Period
0.422
4.37
0.01
0.02
12.7 (28)
1.7 (3.7)
6.9 (15.3)
3.6 (8.0)
12 (27)
2.8 (6.1)
2.1 (4.6)
18.2 (40)
0.3 (0.6)
0.7 (1.6)
24.1 (53.0)
Crew
Ressupply
Time, mass, kg/yr
MMH/yr.
(lb/yr)
Notes
0.01 (0.4)
2.3 (0.08)
9.0 (0.32)
9.0 (0.32)
24.3 (0.86)
7.9 (0.28)
306 (10.8)
0.06
(0.002)
1.4 (0.05)
Lockheed Missiles
340 (12.0) and Space Company
Ressupply
Vol., L/yr
(ft3/yr)
15
11
4
16
12
2
2
2
1
2
13
19
28
50
63
1
22
Manual Valve
Sample Probe
2.5valve
1 valve
Flexible Bellows
2.5 Coupler
1.0 Coupler
Non-propulsive Vent
Qty.
Assembly/ORU
0.2 (0.4)
1.8 (3.9)
0.5 (1.1)
1.9 (4.1)
4.7 (10.3)
10.0 (22)
1.54 (3.4)
1.1 (2.5)
3.3 (7.3)
1.5 (3.28)
2 total;
1 on -orbit
0.27 (0.6)
0.23 (0.5)
2.1 (4.7)
Mass, kg (lb)
Qty.
Spares
Avg. Power,
W
Peak
Replacement
Power, W
Period
0.2 (0.007)
1.4 (0.05)
3.4 (0.12)
5.7 (0.2)
139 (4.9)
0.6 (0.02)
0.8 (0.03)
5.7 (0.2)
12.7 (0.45)
1.48
~0
~0
30
0.6
1.5
0
1.48
44
44
40
0.6
<3
<10
0.06 (0.002)
1.1 (0.04)
2.8 (0.1)
2.8 (0.1)
40.5 (1.43)
0.06 (0.002)
0.6 (0.02)
2.3 (0.08)
Volume, L
(ft3)
~0
~0
0.1
~0
~0
~0
0.06
as required
(lb/yr)
MMH/yr.
Ressupply
mass, kg/yr
Crew
Time,
as required
(ft3/yr)
Ressupply
Vol., L/yr
Allied-Signal
Aerospace Co.
Notes
75
76
Water Processor
Condensate Tank
10
Regenerator
LiOH Canisters
4 (est.)
Commode/Urinal
Urine Processor
Qty.
Assembly/ORU
13.6 (30)
45.3 (100)
21.2 (46.8)
21.2 (46.8
50 (110)
not yet
defined
128 (282)
38 (85)
476 (1050)
Mass, kg (lb)
not yet
defined
not yet
defined
not yet
defined
Qty.
Spares
Avg. Power,
W
5.7 (0.2)
170 (6.0)
103 (3.6)
103 (3.6)
waste mgmt.
compartment
368 (13)
51 (1.8)
1.5 racks
EVA Support
<5
<5
72
91 (397 on;
28 Standby
30
300
691
<5
<5
455
600
80
800
>90 days
60
13
Peak
Replacement Crew
Power, W
Period
Time,
MMH/yr.
Volume, L
(ft3)
2178 (79)
negligible
Ressupply
Vol., L/yr
(ft3/yr)
~0
684 (1508)
~0
negligible
478 (1054)
(Includes
unibeds (312
kg/yr), particulate filters (141
kg/yr), ion
exchange beds
(25 kg/yr))
Ressupply
mass, kg/yr
(lb/yr)
Or when internal
verification indicates
the need for
replacement
Notes
EPS
Monitor
120 Vdc
Structures
N2
CHeCS
Shuttle
N2 Supply
Shuttle
O2 Supply
O2
N2
External
O2/N2
Storage
C&DH
N2
ITCS
N2
O2
ACS
N2
Control
N2
O2
N2
O2
O2
User/
Payload
EVA Suit
Umbilical
AR
WRM
77
Legend
ELM
JEM
Truss
Z1 Truss
Russian
Segment
PMA1
Centrifuge
Cupola
P
Node 1
A
S
Flight
Direction
Hab
PMA2
Node 2
Lab
MPLM
APM
Airlock
PMA3
Tank
Manual Valve
Motor Valve and Position Indication
Flex Hose
Feedthrough
Pump
Burst Disk
Diffuser
Orifice
Pressure Sensor
Solenoid Valve with Manual Overide
and Position Indication
Heater
T
Non-Propulsive Vent
O2
CPS
N2
VAJ
O2 Recharge
Firmware Controller
N2 Recharge
FC
PCP
Aft
VRV
Foward
PCA
Nadir
NIA
Port
Check Valve
Starboard
Pressure Regulator
Zenith
Relief Valve
78
Temperature Sensor
Node 1
Cupola
Zenith Truss
Z
RSA
Adaptor
(PMA1)
A
N1Z
N1P
Stowage 3
Stowage 1
O2
N2
N1N
Stowage 2
N1S
Stowage 4
F
Lab
S
N
Hab
Airlock
PMA1
PMA2
PMA3
Cupola
79
80
Node 1
N2
O2
LAS 6
LAC 6
DDCU's
LAP 6
ISPR
S Starboard
P Port
Legend
C Ceiling
F Floor
NIA
LAP 4
LAP 5
Fuel-Cell
Water Storage
LAF 4
LAS 4
ISPR
LAC 4
ISPR
MSS/Avionics
LAF 5
Avionics #1/ Cond.
Water Storage
ARS
(CDRA, MCA,
TCCS)
LAS 5
MSS/Avionics
LAC 5
ISPR
LAF 6
X3
X2
NIA
X1
X4
Lab
FSS/Stowage
LAP 3
ISPR (Window)
LAF 3
LAS 3
ISPR
LAC 3
ISPR
ISPR
LAP 2
Avionics #3
LAF 2
LAS 2
ISPR
LAC 2
ISPR
ISPR
LAP 1
Avionics #2
LAF 1
LAS 1
ISPR
LAC 1
ISPR
FC
CPS PCP
VAJ
VRV
PCA
Node 2
Lab
To Airlock 02
3000 psia System/Tanks
Airlock
Equipment Lock
AFwd1
Avionics
O2
To Shuttle 02
System
Node 1
P
O2
Crew Lock
AFIr1
Storage
O2
N2
PCP
PCA
CPS
FC
AA1
Cabin Air
Assembly
100
to
110
psia
Umbilical Interface
Assembly
200
psia
200
psia
1050
psia
AC1
Storage
3 lbm/h
N2
N2
VRV
Centrifuge
TBD
FIGURE 31ACS subsystem (continued).
81
Node 2
JEM
Centrifuge Scar
Z
Lab
A
N2Z
N2P
DDCU's
DDCU's
O2
N2
N2N
DDCU's
N2S
DDCU's
NIA
F
PMA2
NIA
S
N
MPLM
APM
O2/N2 introduction
Emergency vent
Controlled depressurization
Controlled repressurization
Overboard vent
82
83
Node 1
VRV
VAJ PCA
PCP CPS
FC
N2
O2
LAP 6
ARS
(CDRA, MCA,
TCCS)
NIA
HAC 4
HAC 3
HAC 2
LAP 4
FBCC
WMC
Urine Processor
HAF 4
Ops. Support/
PEP
Stowage
HAS 4
Galley/ Oven/
Drink Dispenser
LAP 3
Water Processor
HAF 3
Freezer
HAS 3
Wardroom
LAP 2
Stowage
HAF 2
Refrigerator/
Freezer
HAS 2
LAP 5
O2 To
Cabin Return
Duct
HAF 5
Avionics #1/
O2 Generator
HAF 6
HAS 5
CHeCS CMS
HAS 6
Stowage
HAC 5
CHeCS HMS/
EHS
HAC 6
Stowage
Low-Temp. TCS/
Cabin Air
Assembly
X3
X2
X1
X4
Hab
HAC 1
Wardroom
LAP 1
Avionics #2/
Stowage
HAF 1
Refrigerator/
Freezer/
Trash Compactor
HAS 1
Galley Stowage
PMA3
Overboard Vent
,
,
,,,
,,
,,
,,
,,
,
,
,
,,,,,,
,
,
,,,,,,
Space Vacuum
Debris Shield
Pressure Shell
Cabin Atmosphere
O2/N2
VRIV
Discharge Diffuser
Vent/Relief
Valve
Vacuum Access
Port Jumper
OIV
VRCV
CPS
NIV
P
Cabin Air
Firmware Controller
O2
Sensor/Effector
120 V
120 V
1553B
N2
CPS
VRIV
VRCV
OIV
NIV
Pressure Sensor
84
Mass
102 kg (225 lb)
Power Consumption
1,000 W maximum continuous
Dimensions
61 cm length by 53 cm width by 48 cm
height (24 in length by 21 in width by 19 in
height)
Noise Generation
65 dB measured 0.6 m (2 ft) away
Pumping Volume
1.8 kg/h (4 lb/h) (58 strokes/min)
Lifetime
Similar units have operated safely and
reliably for more than 20 years
Triple-redundant diaphragms
O2 Tank Replacement
Replacement would be according to the following
scenario:
As long as feasible, gas is supplied by the lowpressure tank unless higher pressure is needed
and gas must be supplied by the high-pressure
tank.
O2 in
N2 in
J4 Signal
Mot/Act
J3 Data Bus
A&B
J1 Power In
J2 Power
Mot/Act
Temperature, C (F)
Input
-4 to 45 (25 to 113)
Output
32 (90) maximum
2.3 kg/h at 29 C and 5.5 MPa in, and 32 C and 18.6 MPa out ( 5 lb/h at 85 F and 800 psia in, and 90 F and 2700 psia out)
US Customary
Temperature
Output
Maximum Heat Load
1000 W
86
1000 W
3.000
2.990
Customer-Defined
Envelope
0
5.0 2
.
49
2.000
Max
1.620
Max
(1.000)
(0.641)
30
0.144
Cabin
Side
0.860
Max
(0.0210)
(0.150)
4.500
Max
0.43
0.41
D
3.300
Max
Approximate Location
Center of Gravity
Approximate Location
Center of Gravity
D
Clockwise to Close
from Cabin Side
FIGURE 37.MPEV.
87
88
Electrical
Power
H2O
O2 + H2O
H2O
Water Electrolyzer
O2
Water/Gas Separators
H2 + H2O
H2
H2O
debris. The internal VRV flow passage is a straight cylindrical path that minimizes the possibility of internal flow
restriction due to icing. The VRV mounts directly to the
gore panel of the primary module structure. The VRV
assembly attaches to the gore panel feedthrough with a
V-band clamp. The mass of the VRV is < 5.5 kg (12 lb)
and the power consumption is less than 30 W when both
valves are operating. Leakage is < 72 scc/hr. The estimated life is 25,000 cycles. The VRV can operate over a
pressure range of 104.7 kPa (15.2 psia) to space vacuum.
An overboard vent is located downstream of the VRV
and provides a 6.4 cm (2.5 in) diameter flow path for discharging vented gases. As shown in figure 41, the overboard vent consists of a 90-degree elbow, a duct assembly,
and a non-propulsive vent. The non-propulsive vent has a
22.9 cm (9 in) long throat and a perpendicular 15.2 cm
(6 in) diameter disk that causes the gases to be discharged
in a full 360-degree arc.
For launch, overpressure and underpressure is relieved by pneumatic valves that are located in the holes
for the MPEV and IMV valves, respectively. These valves
are replaced, on orbit, with the MPEV and IMV valves.
89
Housing
Shaft, Spring
Shaft, Valve
Spring
Carrier Assembly
Shaft, Trunion
Flow Guide
Non-Propulsive Vent
Bridge Plate
(Secondary Structure)
Vent Coupling
Flexible Hose
V-Band
Clamp
Feedthrough
Elbow
V-Band
Clamp
Gore Panel
90
The pressure differential between adjacent pressurized modules can be equalized from a high on one side
of 102.7 kPa (14.9 psia) to a low on the other side of
97.2 kPa (14.1 psia), to less than 0.07 kPa (0.01 psid)
within 180 sec when initiated by the crew.
91
S5
P1
J1
S2
Tee Assembly
S2
Extension Hose Assembly
(1430 feet)
P3
P6
S2
Regulation
and
Relief Valve
S4
Locker
and
O2 Port
Reducer/Cylinder Assembly
Extension
Hose/Tee Kit
(Velcro Attachment)
Oxygen
Supply
Mask Holder
Assembly
Locker
ORU
Cylinder Mount
Assembly
P1
S2
P3
S4
S5
P6
J1
92
Cooling
Air
Out
Diagnostic
Input
Concentrator
Inlet
V1
IMS 1 &
Pneumatics
GC 1
Power &
Heaters
F
S
Electrical/
Electronics
Sample
Pump
& Outlet
DMS
Output
Data Aquisition
& Storage
Data Processing
Concentrator
V2
IMS 2 &
Pneumatics
GC 2
Calibration
System
DMS
H
V1, V2
DMS Interface
Control
Nitrogen Control
& Distribution System
F
IMS
Filter
Ion Mobility Spectrometer
GC
S
Power
Input
Nitrogen
Input
Rack
Cooling
Air
Gas Chromatograph
Selector Valve
Valves
93
N2 Pressure Sensor
Permeation Source
N2 Flow Valve
Calibration System
Heated Enclosure
2 Micron Filter
Recirculating
Pump (2)
N2 Scrubber
Concentrator (2)
(Behind GC Valve)
,,,,
,
,,,
,,
Sample Pump
(P1 & P2)
Accumulator (2)
Sample Flow
Sensor (2)
Exhaust Scrubbers
With Outlet Filters
N2 Pressure Switch
Alignment Pins
N2 Connector
IMS Cell
Power Connection
Data Bus
Circuit Boards
1 1553 Bus Interface
2 System Control
2 Data Storage
2 Signal Processing
2 Analog Monitoring
1 Power Supply
,,,
,,,
N2 Dust Filter
N2 Bleed Valve
(Integral Restrictor)
Folding Handle
OMI Nozzle
(Includes 5-Micron Filter)
Luer Taper Fitting for
Tedlar Bag
Diagnostic/Local Control
94
Coolant flowrate
558 kg/hr (1,230 lb/hr) in the Lab and Hab
273 kg/hr (600 lb/hr) in Node 2 and the AL
Mass
93.6 kg (206.4 lb)
Power consumption
467.5 W continuous at 203 L/sec (430 cfm)
Three settings
142, 208, 264 L/sec (300, 440, 560 cfm).
95
EPS
Monitor
120 Vdc
Control
C&DH
Structures
Coolant Out
Coolant In
ITCS
THC
(CCAA)
Condensate Water
Airflow To
Cabin
Airflow To
Airflow From
Airflow From
EPS
WRM
AR (CDRA)
Monitor
120 Vdc
Control
C&DH
Structures
Coolant Out
THC
(AAA)
Coolant In
ITCS
Airflow To
Cabin
Airflow From
EPS
Monitor
120 Vdc
Control
Structures
THC
(IMV)
Airflow To
Cabin
Airflow From
96
C&DH
Legend
ECLSSTemperature Humidity & Control
ELM
JEM
Truss
Z1 Truss
Russian
Segment
PMA1
Centrifuge
Cupola
P
Node 1
A
PMA2
Node 2
Lab
A
Flight
Direction
Hab
MPLM
APM
Airlock
PMA3
IMV Fan
Avionics Air Assembly
,
,
,,
AAA
Closed
IMV Muffler
IMV Inlet Screen
IMV Diffuser
,,
,,
Cap
Linear Diffuser
Temperature Sensor
LS
Liquid Sensor
Flow Restrictor
97
Node 1
Cupola
Zenith Truss
Z
P
A
A
N1Z
N1P
Stowage 3
,,
,, ,,,
,
,
,
,
Stowage 1
Node
To Cupola
N1N
Stowage 2
,
,
,, , ,
,
,
N1S
Stowage 4
Hab
,,
RSA
Adaptor
(PMA1)
F
Lab
Airlock
PMA2
PMA3
Cupola
To Node 1
98
,,
,
,
,
,
PMA1
Node 1
LAP 6
Low-Temp. TCS/
Cabin Air
Assembly
X3
AAA
ISPR
LAP 4
LAP 5
Fuel Cell
Water Storage
LAF 4
FSS/Stowage
LAP 3
ISPR (Window)
LAF 3
MSS/Avionics
T T
LAF 5
Avionics #1/
Condensate
Water Storage
ARS
(CDRA, MCA,TCCS)
ISPR
ISPR
LAS 3
ISPR
LAC 3
ISPR
LAP 2
Avionics #3
LAF 2
ISPR
LAS 2
ISPR
LAC 2
ISPR
LAP 1
Avionics #2
LAF 1
ISPR
LAS 1
ISPR
LAC 1
,
,
,
,
, ,
,
,
,
,
, ,
LAF 6
X2
T T
LAS 5
MSS/Avionics
LAS 6
LAS 4
1
LS
ISPR
ISPR
LAC 4
LAC 5
LAC 6
DDCU's
LS
Mod.-Temp. TCS/
Cabin Air
Assembly
X1
X4
Airflow
From LAP6
Lab
Lab
Node 2
,,
99
Airlock
Equipment Lock
AFwd1
Avionics
Node 1
Crew Lock
P
AFlr1
Storage
AA1
Cabin Air
Assembly
Temporary Air
Flow to Support
Airlock Installation
,
,
,,,
,,,
,
,
,
,,,,
,
Airflow
Into Crew Lock
AC1
Storage
Centrifuge
TBD
100
Node 2
JEM
A
N2Z
DDCU's
N2N
DDCU's
Located TBD
N2S
DDCU's
,,
,
Cabin Air
Assembly
,,
,,
,
LS
,,
S
N2P
DDCU's
,, ,,,,
,
,
,
,
,
,,
Lab
A
MPLM
,,
,,,
,
,,
A
,,
Centrifuge Scar
F
PMA2
APM
Pressure range
34.5 to 104.0 kPa (5.0 to 15.1 psia)
Temperature range
1.7 to 60 C (35 to 140 F)
Input
1 mA dc
Output
1,000 ohms 1.0 ohms at 0 C (32 F)
Accuracy
0.5 C (1 F).
Mass
45.5 g (0.1 lb)
Power consumption
1 mW
Volume
82 cm3 (5 in3)
101
102
Node 1
AAA
HAP 5
WMC
HAP 6
Low-Temp. TCS/
Cabin Air
Assembly
T T
HAF 5
Avionics #1/
O2 Generator
HAS 5
CHeCS-CMS
HAS 6
Stowage
ARS
(CDRA, MCA,TCCS)
X3
HAS 4
HAC 3
FBCC
HAP 4
AAA
Urine Processor
HAF 4
Ops. Support/
PEP Stowage
Galley/Oven/
Drink Dispenser
HAP 3
AAA
Water Processor
HAF 3
Freezer
HAS 3
Wardroom/
Galley Stowage
HAC 2
Wardroom
HAP 2
Stowage
HAF 2
Refrigerator/
Freezer
HAS 2
Ops. Support/
PEP Stowage
HAC 1
HAS 1
Galley Stowage
Wardroom
HAP 1
Avionics #2/
Stowage
HAF 1
Refrigerator/
Freezer/Trash
Compactor
,
,
,
,
, ,
,
,
,
,
, ,
AAA
HAC 4
CHeCS-HMS/EHS
HAC 5
CHeCS-HMS/EHS
HAC 6
Stowage
HAF 6
X2
X1
X4
LS
Hab
N
PMA3
,
,
Supply Air
Transition Duct
Crossover Rack
EIB
Outlet Temperature
Sensor
Temperature Sensor
TCCV
Manual Flow
Control Valve
Remote Power
Distribution
Assembly
Pump Package
Assembly
Condensing
Heat Exchanger
Nitrogen
Interface
Assembly
Inlet ORU
(Fan Assembly)
Interface Panel
Maintenance
Switch Assembly
System Flow
Control Assembly
Mounting Plate
The CCAA is designed to be repairable by replacement of ORUs. The ORUs are described briefly in this
section. For a more detailed description, see D683
1471917, Revision New.
Inlet ORUThe Inlet ORU, shown in figure 55,
consists of the fan group with a fan assembly, a fan P
sensor, and an acoustic enclosure.
Fan AssemblyThe fan is an impeller design with
axial rotation (including stator vanes and flow distributor)
as shown in figure 56. It is driven by a brushless dc motor
and controlled by an electronic controller that operates the
103
Mass
0.3 kg (0.7 lb)
Power consumption
240 mW via MDM
Volume
0.06 L (0.002 ft3)).
Measurement range
0 to 28 cm (11 in) H2O with + 0.7 percent
( 0.213 cm (0.084 in) H2O) accuracy
Input voltage
15 +1.8 Vdc with output of 4 to 20 mA dc
current loop proportional to input pressure
Mass
12.7 kg (27.9 lb)
Power consumption
410 W
Volume
0.04 m3 (1.43 ft3).
104
Liquid flowrate
558 kg/hr (1,230 lb/hr) (Lab, Hab)
272 kg/hr (600 lb/hr) (Node 2 and AL)
Mass
20.6 kg (45.5 lb)
Volume
0.040 m3 (1.4 ft3)
Material
Stainless steel ruffled fins
INLET ORU
PART NO SV81140
SERIAL NO
CAUTION
THIS EQUIPMENT CONTAINS
PARTS AND ASSEMBLIES
SENSITIVE TO DAMAGE BY
ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE
(ESO). USE PRECAUTIONARY
PROCEDURES WHEN TOUCHING,
REMOVING, OR INSERTING.
A1J3
A1J2
A1J1
105
Side View
Handle
Receptacles
WARNING
Hot Surfaces
Power/Signal
Connectors
Controller
Electrical
Pass-Thru
Inlet Duct
Interface
Captive
Fasteners
381 mm
(15.0")
Flow
Rotation
Pressure Tap
Exhaust Duct
Interface
Pressure Tap
Delta P Sensor
318 mm
(12.5")
Cross-Section View
Controller
Stator
Vanes
Impeller
Motor
Diffuser
Flow Straightener
Flow Distributor
106
Mounting Brackets
4 places
Air
Temperature Control
and Check Valve
Interface
Air
To ARS
(Hab/Lab Only)
Slurper Header
Coolant Inlet
Inlet Air
Flange
Coolant
Exit
Coolant Headers
Condensate
Out to WRM
Air Fins
Slurper Holes
Slurper
Closure Bar
Slurper
Parting Sheet
Condensate
Out to WRM
107
Mass
6.3 kg (13.9 lb)
Power consumption
6.8 W static and 15.7 W dynamic
Volume
0.027 m3 (0.95 ft3).
Power consumption
240 mW via MDM
Volume
57 cm3 (3.5 in3).
Mass
0.64 kg (1.4 lb)
Power consumption
9 mW via MDM
Volume
566 cm3 (0.02 ft3).
Mass
11.95 kg (26.34 lb)
Mass
0.454 kg (1.0 lb)
Power consumption
46.36 W
Power consumption
9 mW via MDM
Volume
0.054 m3 (1.9 ft3).
Volume
283 cm3 (0.01 ft3).
108
Measurement range
0 to 517 kPa (75 psig) with 3 percent
(15.7 kPa) (2.28 psig)
Input voltage
15 1.8 Vdc with output of 4 to 20 mA dc
current loop proportional to input pressure
Mass
1.66 kg (3.66 lb)
Front View
Electrical Connectors
Linkage
Housing Cover
Warmer
Colder
Manual
Override
Lever
ORU Handle
Actuator
HX Doors
Check Spring
Nonmetallic Bushings
Mass
5.7 kg (12.5 lb)
Power consumption
6.5 W
Volume
0.0097 m3 (590 in3).
Components
1 motherboard, 4 daughter boards, 1 filter,
circular I/O connectors
Material
Anodized aluminum
109
Acoustic Enclosure
Over Motor
Pressure
Sensor
Relief Valve
Condensate
Outlet
Solenoid
Valve
A4J1
Signals
A4J2
Power
Motor Controller
Air Outlet
Acoustic Enclosure
Over Water Separator
Condensate/Air Inlet
Measurement range
4.44 to 32.2 C (40 to 90 F) with 1 percent 0.25 C (0.5 F) full-scale accuracy
Mass
270 g (0.59 lb)
Volume
0.0011 m3 (67 in3).
110
,,
,,,,
Flow
Flow
Condensate Water
Adapter
Water Separator
Initialize
Resets faults/overrides, runs active BIT,
places in Off state.
Operate
Goes to Startup state and goes to On state
when startup is complete.
Standby
Goes to Startup state and waits for Operate
command (with WS on).
BIT Execution
Goes to Test state, runs BIT, and goes to Off
state.
Shutdown
Goes to Dryout state, proceeds to Drain
state, ends in Off.
Stop
Goes directly to Off.
111
CAUTION
TO MATE
ELECTROSTATIC
SENSITIVE
ITEM
ELECTRICAL
INTERFACE
BOX
11
J1
REV
TO MATE
TO MATE
13
J2
13
WARNING
HOT SURFACES
J3
HEAT EXCHANGER
LIQUID SENSOR
ORU
HEAT EXCHANGER
LIQUID SENSOR
ORU
Air
Return T
Duct
T
Liquid
Air
Sensor LS Supply
ORU
Duct
Inlet
Temperature
ORU
Filtered
Air From
Air Return
Duct
To Air
Supply
Duct
Heat Exchanger ORU
Slurper
,
,,,,
,,
,
Access Panel
Bypass Leg
Outlet
Temperature
ORU
Humidity
Control
HX
Fan Group
ORU
Inlet ORU
PI
TCCV
ORU
QD
QD
Coolant Coolant
Out
In
To ARS
EIB ORU
Electrical
Interface
Box
Cooling Interface
LS
NC
EIB
LS
Liquid Sensor
ORU
PI
Proportional-Integral Controller
Temperature Sensor
Water
Separator ORU
QD H2O to WRM
Check Valve
TCCV
Pressure Sensor
NC
Speed Sensor
QD
Quick Disconnect
113
Units
Operating Condition
Type A (normal)
Type B (low pressure)
C (F)
kPa (psia)
C (F)
%
m/min (ft/min)
17.227.8 (6382)
99.2102.7 (14.414.9)
4.414.4 (4058)
2570
4.69.1 (1530)
17.227.8 (6382)
61.373.0 (8.910.6)
4.414.4 (4058)
2570
4.69.1 (1530)
C (F)
C (F)
kPa (psia)
C (F)
C (F)
%
%
15.628.3 (6083)
17.227.8 (6382)
99.2102.7 (14.414.9)
3.315.6 (3860)
4.414.4 (4058)
2075
2570
15.628.3 (6083)
17.227.8 (6382)
61.373.0 (8.910.6)
3.315.6 (3860)
4.414.4 (4058)
2075
2570
%
C (F)
m/sec (ft/sec)
C (F)
mhos/cm
20100
3.315.5 (3860)
3.56.4 (11.521.0)
6.728.3 (4483)
20150
20100
3.315.5 (3860)
3.56.4 (11.521.0)
6.728.3 (4483)
20150
Type 1
L/sec (acfm)
C (F)
kg/hr (lb/hr)
kg/hr (lb/hr)
kPa (psia)
N/A
3.35.6 (3842)
3.35.6 (3842)
529588 (1,1651,295)
529588 (1,1651,295)
272 (600 min)
272 (600 min)
689 (100 max)
689 (100 max)
Coolant water which exits the CCAA CHX
kPa (psig)
0.055.1 (08)
0.055.1 (08)
C (F)
kPa (psia)
C (F)
%
m/min (ft/min)
%
21.142.3 (70109)
99.9102.7 (14.514.9)
4.414.4 (4058)
1070
0 (0)
19.023.1
21.142.3 (70109)
62.073.0 (9.010.6)
4.414.4 (4058)
1070
0 (0)
24.128.5
114
States
OFF
Overrides
ONE STEP
TWO STEP
MDM
RESET
Operational Commands
Initialize
Operate
Standby
Shutdown
Stop
Bit Execution
DRAIN
ON
EIBOFF
DRYOUT
Assembly
Health
TEST
STARTUP
Outlet Muffler
Subframe Assembly
Components:
Inlet and Outlet Mufflers
Fan With Motor Controller
Heat Exchanger
Heat Exchanger
Features:
Single ORU Packaging
Axial Air Inlet, 4 in dia. V-Band clamp
Radial Air Outlet, 4 Port Discharge
Captive Fasteners and Electrical I/F at Inlet End
Common Coolant Fittings (3/8 in GAMAH)
Built-in On-Orbit Grasp Handle
Acoustic Cover
115
Mass
11.9 kg (26.3 lb)
Power consumption
46.4 W.
Volume
0.05 m3 (1.9 ft3)
116
Air/Water
Mixture
In
Water
Outlet
Pitot Tube
Air Out
Water Outlet
Air
Labyrinth Seal
Pitot Splash
Guard
Water
Water Storage
Chamber
Pitot Tube
117
78.0 cm
(30.7 in)
Mounting Flange
Hinge
3 Places
Element
Mounting Fastener
8 Places
Grate
Latch Handle
Latch Mechanism
Latch Cover
United Technologies
Hamilton Standard
1234567890
1234567890
1234567890
1234567890
1234567890
1234567890
Housing Assembly
Gasket
Sealing Fastener
10 Places
Air flowrate
3,964 L/min (140 cfm) to cabin
P
2.54 cm (1.0 in) water column
Mass
4.7 kg (10.5 lb).
118
Dimensions
164 by 159 by 319 mm (6.5 by 6.3
by 12.6 in)
Mass
5.34 kg (11.75 lb)
Supply Diffuser
Liquid Sensor
Crossover Duct
Transition
Duct Assembly
CCAA
Temperature Sensor
Duct Damper
Air flowrate
286 kg/hr at 101.3 kPa and 0.48 kPa P
(629 lb/hr at 14.7 psia and 0.07 psid)
Temperature
Non-operating temperature range:
95 to 71 C (40 to 160 F)
On-orbit non-operating temperature range:
95 to 32 C (40 to 90 F)
On-orbit operating temperature range:
1.7 to 32 C (35 to 90 F)
Pressure
Normal operating pressure: 101.3 kPa
(14.7 psia)
Proof pressure: 165.4 kPa (24 psid)
at 23.8 C (75 F)
Burst pressure: 237.7 kPa (34.5 psid)
at 23.8 C (75 F)
Leakage
Case leakage: 0.066 scc/hr at 101.3 kPa
(14.7 psid) and 23.8 C (75 F)
Port leakage: 72 scc/hr at 101.3 kPa
(14.7 psid) and 23.8 C (75 F)
Power consumption
120 Vdc motor, 15 Vdc valve controller
and sensor
Operating time
Cycle from open to closed in 30 sec
maximum
Operating cycles
Design life: 3,750 cycles
Actual operating life: More than 10 times
the design life.
119
Rotatable Cable
Housing
Electrical
Connectors
Flow
Controller
Stators
Impeller
Valve
Diffuser
Debris
Screen
Mass
1.6 kg (3.5 lb)
120
Dimensions:
Handle assembly
stowed 165 by 165 by 178 mm (6.5 by
6.5 by 7.0 in)
deployed 236 by 305 by 279 mm (9.3 by
12 by 11 in)
Cable assembly13 mm (0.5 in) diameter
by 0.9 m (36 in) length
Force to open/close
89 N (20 lb).
CDRA
TCCS
MCA
Position Indicator
Closed
Stowed Handle
Open
Deployed Handle
Cable to
IMV Valve
No expendables.
120 Vdc
EPS
Monitor
C&DH
Control
Structures
Airflow To
(via THC)
AR
Coolant Out
Coolant In
Cabin
ITCS
Airflow From
Samples From
CO2 Vent
to Space
CO2
4 kg/day
(8.8 lb/day)
CO2
Reduction
Assembly
H20
2.9 kg/day
(6.4 lb/day)
Carbon Dioxide
Removal Assembly
H2 Vent
to Space
From WRM
Oxygen Generation
Assembly
To WRM
or OGA
O2
5.1 kg/day
(11.2 lb/day)
Trace Contaminant
Control Subassembly
H20
5.8 kg/day
(12.8 lb/day)
Purified Atmosphere
Atmosphere
+ CO2
34 m3/hr
(20 cfm)
Supply
Atmosphere
Temperature and
Humidity Control
Assembly
Atmosphere +
Contaminants
15.3 m3/hr
(9 cfm)
Atmosphere
Monitor
(Major Constituent
Analyzer)
Open Cabin
Return
Atmosphere
Atmosphere
Samples
CO2 reduction is not included initially, but the capability to add it later may be included.
122
Vent to
Space
(Vent Line
Shared
With CDRA)
Legend
ELM
JEM
Truss
Z1 Truss
Russian
Segment
PMA1
Centrifuge
Cupola
P
Node 1
A
Flight
Direction
Hab
PMA2
Node 2
Lab
S
MPLM
APM
Airlock
PMA3
Non-Propulsive Vent
Feedthrough
Filter
,
,
Flex Hose
Sample Port
O2
,,
CO2
H2 O
Sample Probe
123
Node 1
Cupola
Zenith Truss
Z
RSA
Adaptor
(PMA1)
A
N1Z
A
C
A
B
C
B
B
Stowage 1
C
N1N
Stowage 2
A
B
N1S
Stowage 4
N1P
Stowage 3
F
Lab
S
N
Hab
Airlock
PMA1
PMA2
Cupola
PMA3
125
Node 1
CO2
B
A
C
LAP 6
Low-Temp TCS/
Cabin Air
Assembly
X3
ARS
(CDRA, MCA, TCCS)
LAF 4
ISPR
LAS 4
ISPR
LAC 4
LAP 4
ISPR
LAP 5
MSS/Avionics
FSS/Stowage
LAP 3
ISPR (Window)
LAF 3
ISPR
LAS 3
ISPR
LAC 3
,
Fuel-Cell
Water Storage
LAF 5
Avionics #1/
Condensate
Water Storage
LAF 6
X2
LAS 5
MSS/Avionics
ISPR
LAS 6
LAC 5
LAC 6
DDCU's
X1
X4
Lab
ISPR
LAP 2
Avionics #3
LAF 2
ISPR
LAS 2
ISPR
LAC 2
ISPR
LAP 1
Avionics #2
LAF 1
ISPR
LAS 1
ISPR
LAC 1
A
C
Node 2
Lab
Airlock
Equipment Lock
AFwd1
Avionics
Node 1
Crew Lock
,,
AFlr1
Storage
AA1
Cabin Air
Assembly
1
AC1
Storage
Centrifuge
TBD
FIGURE 79.AR subsystem (continued).
126
Fluid interfaces
Process air supply and return
ITCS coolant supply and return vacuum vent
Vacuum Vent
Electrical interfaces
3 data connectors
4 power connectors
Structural interfaces
36 mechanical interfaces: 6 bolts per post,
2 posts per slide, 3 slides.
Node 2
JEM
Centrifuge Scar
Z
Lab
A
N2Z
DDCU's
A
B
N2P
DDCU's
A
B
N2N
DDCU's
A C
N2S
DDCU's
F
PMA-2
S
N
MPLM
APM
Note that no critical control actions depend on calibrated analog readings. Sensor specifications are listed in
table 23.
Components of the 4BMS are:
ORUs:
Selector valve (five)
Desiccant bed/adsorbent bed/air check
valve (two)
Structure
Tubing
Application software.
127
128
Node 1
C A A C
B A
B
B
H2
CO2
HAS 4
HAP 4
FBCC
HAP 5
WMC
HAP 6
Urine Processor
HAF 4
Ops. Support/
PEP Stowage
Low-Temp TCS/
Cabin Air
Assembly
X3
To Cabin
Return Duct
HAF 5
Avionics #1/
O2 Generator
ARS
(CDRA, MCA, TCCS)
HAS 5
CHeCSCMS
HAS 6
Stowage
HAC 4
CHeCSHMS/
EHS
HAC 5
CHeCSHMS/
EHS
HAC 6
Stowage
HAF 6
X2
X1
X4
HAC 3
HAP 3
Water Processor
HAF 3
Freezer
HAS 3
Wardroom/
Gallery
Stowage
Galley/ Oven/
Drink Dispenser
Hab
HAC 2
Wardroom
HAP 2
Stowage
HAF 2
Refrigerator/
Freezer
HAS 2
Ops. Support/
PEP
Stowage
HAC 1
Wardroom
HAP 1
Avionics #2/
Stowage
HAF 1
Refrigerator/
Freezer/
Trash Compactor
HAS 1
Galley Stowage
PMA3
Trace Contaminant
Control Subassembly
Carbon Dioxide
Removal Assembly
Rack
Structure
Avionics
Air Ducting
Major
Constituent
Analyzer
AR Distribution
Components
TCS Manual
Valve
Rack Power
Distribution
Assembly
Avionics Air
Assembly
Maintenance Switch
Assembly
FIGURE 82.USOS AR rack packaging in the Lab (the Hab AR will also include an OGA).
129
1
4
Air In
Air Sample
Exhaust
Major
Constituent
Analyzer
Vacuum
Trace Contaminant
Control Subassembly
Air Sample
Air Sample
,
,,
Air Out
Air Out
Carbon
Dioxide
Removal CO2
Assembly Vent
6
TCS Out
7
Cooling Air
Flow Direction
Avionics
Air
Assembly
8
Area
Smoke
Detector
TCS
THC Air THC Air
Return Supply Low-Temp.
Supply
Legend
Tee Fitting
Quick Disconnect
Half
The TCCS draws air directly from the face of the rack using a duct within the
subassembly. The rack closeout panel will include a protective screen at the
TCCS inlet location.
Mechanical
Connector Half
Subassembly
Envelope
Diffuser
Filter
Flexible Hose
Rigid Tubing
Area
Smoke
Detector
Capped Line
Smoke Detector
The flexible hoses on the air sample lines are a part of the rack bulkhead connector.
Mod
Moderate
Temp
Temperature
130
Air Sample
Notes
Manual Valve
TCS
TCS
CO2
Mod.-Temp. Mod.-Temp. Vent
Supply
Return
TCS
Low-Temp.
Return
Air In
TCS In
Absolute
Pressure
Sensor
CO2 Outlet
B
Temp.
Sensor
Electrical
Heaters
PreCooler
P
Sensor
5A
Temp.
Sensors
Coolant
Air Save
Pump
Check
Valve
,,
13X
Desiccant Bed
(Adsorbing)
Si gel
13X
Air
Return
Air
Inlet
Temp.
Sensors
Temp.
Sensor
Blower
5A
,,
Electrical
Heaters
,
Selector
Valve
(6 Places)
13X
Desiccant Bed
(Desorbing)
Si gel
13X
Temp.
Sensor
Sensor Type
Output
Power Input
Accuracy
Temperature
PRTD (1,000)
1 to 2 Vdc
1 mA
Inverter Chip
Temperature Sensor
Two Terminal
Integrated Circuits
Current 298.2 A
at 25 C (77 F)
4 to 30 Vdc
1 C ( 2 F) Discrete
Function
Variable Reluctance
Strain Gauge
5 to 5 Vdc
0 to 1.3 m H2O
(50 in H2O)
15 Vdc, 20 mA (max)
Absolute Pressure
Variable Reluctance
5 to 5 Vdc
Strain Gauge
(20 psia)
15 Vdc, 20 mA (max)
0 to 138 kPa
Optical-Interruptor
Light-Emitting
Diodes (LED)
Digital A or B Position
13.5 to 17.1 Vdcon,
0 Vdcoff
Digital
Motor Speed
Hall-Effect Sensor
20 mAon,
0 mAoff
Digital
131
Selector Valves
Blower
Blower Motor Controller
Adsorbent Bed Heater
Heater Controller
Pump
Pump Motor Controller
Sensors
Total Power
Consumption, W
60
58
5
480
19
226
20
3
<1
58
5
390
19
19
2
3
497
Quantity
per 4BMS
kg
Unit Mass
lb
Summed Mass
kg
lb
2.6
5.7
15.5
34.2
2
2
2
2
17.3
23.6
0.1
3.3
38.0
52.0
0.3
7.3
34.5
47.2
0.3
6.6
76.0
104.0
0.6
14.6
1
1
1
1.0
1.3
2.7
2.2
2.8
6.0
1.0
1.3
2.7
2.2
2.8
6.0
1
1
8.2
1.3
18.0
2.8
8.2
1.3
18.0
2.8
3
1
1
1
1
1
4
0.1
0.2
0.2
4.5
5.9
36.1
0.6
0.3
0.5
0.5
10.0
12.9
79.5
1.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
4.5
5.9
36.1
2.5
0.9
0.5
0.5
10.0
12.9
79.5
5.6
1
2
3.3
0.8
7.3
1.7
3.3
1.5
7.3
3.4
173.3
381.8
Flowrate
0 to 58.5 kg/hr (0 to 129 lb/hr) of air and
0 to 4.1 kg/hr (0 to 9 lb/hr) of CO2
132
Operating fluid
Atmosphere (0 to 100 percent RH) and CO2
Electrical Power
587 W
Avionics
Air Supply
Avionics
Air Return
33 W
Inlet Air
From THC
Carbon Dioxide
Overboard Vent
CDRA
76 W
Return Air
From THC
544 W
Coolant
From ITCS
Coolant
To ITCS
Total leakage
0.5 sccm air at 689.5 kPa (100 psid)
Operating fluid
Air and CO2
Closing time
6 sec (maximum).
Flowrate
19.5 to 40.8 kg/hr (43 to 90 lb/hr) of air
Mass
2.04 kg (4.5 lb) (maximum, including
actuator)
290 cc
6,600 cc
5,900 cc
Line size
3.8 cm (1.5 in) outer diameter
End fitting
Hydraflow
Voltage
120 Vdc
Position indicator
End of travel
Dynamic shaft seals
Dual seals.
480 W
480 W
133
Flowrate
18.1 to 54.4 kg/hr (40 to 120 lb/hr)
Inlet temperature
1.7 to 65.6 C (35 to 150 F)
Leakage
0.5 SCCM at 99.9 kPa DP (14.5 psid)
Fluid
Air and CO2
Power input
120 Vdc for the primary heater
120 Vdc for the secondary heater
MDM interface
Discrete on/off commands (primary and
secondary)
Enable commands (primary and secondary)
Temperature feedback (T1, T2, and T3)
Heater interface
12 primary elements (40 W each)
12 secondary elements (40 W each)
Maximum power output = 960 W
3 temperature probes (T1, T2, and T3).
134
Air side:
Airflow = 41 kg/hr (90 lb/hr) (max)
Inlet temperature = 65.5 C (150 F) (max)
Outlet temperature = 10 C (50 F) (max)
Pressure drop = 1.3 cm (0.5 in) H2O at
41 kg/hr (90 lb/hr)
Coolant side:
Water flow = 119 kg/hr (262 lb/hr)
(nominal)
Inlet temperature = 4.4 C (40 F) (nominal)
Outlet temperature = 7.2 C (45 F) (max)
Pressure drop = 12.4 kPa (1.8 psid) (max).
Flow
41 kg/hr (90 lb/hr)
Duty cycle
100 percent
Speed
115,000 rpm
Motor
120 Vdc
Operating fluid
Air (0 to 100 percent humidity) and CO2
Operating time
15 min of every half-cycle
Operating power
226 W.
Process Air/C02
Vent Interface
Bed-to-Structure
Attach Points
Crew Systems
Handle Attached Points
Check Valve
(Not Visible)
Desiccant Bed
Process Air
Interface
Crew Systems
Handle Attach Points
Flow
0 psig
,,
,,, ,,
,
,,,
,, ,,
,
, ,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
Flow
Check
Precooler
ITCS
Inlet
Blower
ITCS
Outlet
Unused Boss
Discharge
Flange
,,,,
,
,
,,,,
,,
Inlet
Flange
Permanent
Magnet
Motor
Assembly
Deswirl Vanes
Impeller
70.1 mm
(2.76 in)
Flow Path
Foil Bearings
Toothless Motor
Stator Assembly
Thrust
Bearings
Annular
Diffuser
ITCS Outlet
ITCS Inlet
Fluid Manifold
Mounting Foot
Air Outlet
Air Inlet
Mounting Foot
Electrical characteristics
MDM interface:
MILSTD1553 Data Bus
Motor interface:
Three-phase dc brushless, eight
configurations
Input power: 120 Vdc
Power dissipation: 40 W max
Mechanical characteristics
Mounting:
Four-bolt attachment to adapter plate
on cold plate
Thermal:
20 to 43 C (68 to 109 F) ambient,
cold plate is water cooled,
flowrate 119 kg/hr (262 lb/hr),
water inlet temperature 13 C (55 F)
BIT:
Monitor motor speed, motor current,
inverter temperature, and dc-link voltage
137
Life Limit
Selector Valve
Desiccant/Adsorbent Unit
Blower/Precooler Unit
Pump
Temperature Sensor
Pressure Sensor
Actuator Gears
Check Valves
Foil Bearings
Vanes
No Moving Parts
No Moving Parts
> 30 yr
20 yr
> 30 yr
10 yr
Inlet temperature
4.4 to 10.0 C (40 to 50 F)
Inlet dewpoint
4.4 to 10.0 C (40 to 50 F)
RH
~100 percent
ppO2
19.5 to 23.1 kPa (2.83 to 3.35 psia)
Total pressure
99.9 to 104.8 kPa (14.5 to 15.2 psia)
ppCO2 (maximum)
0.71 kPa (5.3 mmHg)
Diluent gas
Nitrogen.
Nonoperating States
Off
Inactive
Cold Standby
Warm Standby
Test
Failed
138
4BMS operates using two half-cycles and three segments per half-cycle.
4BMS operates using two half-cycles and three segments per half-cycle, but the sequencing of the equipment is
different than during the normal state.
Off
Pass
Test
Stop
Fail
Inactive
Failed
Standby
Operate
Startup
Stop
Override
Failed
Inactive
Test
Standby
Failed
Test
Failed
Override
Test
Startup
Inactive
Inactive
Test
Override
Stop
Stop
Override
Failed
Standby
Startup
Failed
Standby
Commanded Transition
Startup
Automatic Transition
139
Day
Night
Day
Component
Day
Night
15
144
Night
Day
159
288
Position 2
Position 1
Continuously On
Adsorb
Desorb
Adsorb
Controlled
On
Off
On
Desorb
Off
Off
Desorb
Adsorb
Adsorb
Desorb
Night
On
Closed
Off
Closed
Open
On
Off
Controlled
Off
Open
On
On
Off
Off
Mass
54 kg (119 lb),
Power Consumption
103.3 W
140
Volume
0.081 m3 (2.85 ft3)
Data and control assembly (firmware controller)command and data handling (C&DH)
interface
ppCO2 (mmHg)
4.00
3.50
3.00
2.50
2.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
Notes:
(1) The area below the line defines the CO2 removal performance region.
(2) 1.0 HEU = 1.0 kg/person/day (2.2 lb/person/day) CO2 removed.
(3) The equation of the line is defined by:
HEU 1.723 ppCO2 (mmHg)0.37975 for 2.0 ppCO2 3.9
Inlet Leak
Filament
Electron Beam
Ion Focusing Lenses
Air Sample In
(7 Inlet Ports)
Object Slit
Ion Beam
Verification
Air Tank
Electrometers
Baffle
Ion Pump
P
P
Mass
Spectrometer
Inlet Leak
with Heater
To Vacuum
Vent Line
Vent to
Rack
141
432 mm
(17.00 in)
Low-Voltage
Power Supply (ORU)
Card Cage
Mass Spectrometer (ORU)
High-Voltage Power Supply
Inlet Valve
Assemblies (ORU)
RK
IN
EL
ME
R
711 mm
(28.00 in)
MS assembly2 yr
Pump assembly2 yr
142
Sensor Type
Output
Power Input
Accuracy
Strain Gauge
0 to 30 mV
10 Vdc, 2.2 mA
Vacuum Sensor
Thermopile
0 to 10 mV
0.38 V ac,
21 mA
5 percent of reading
Major Constituent
Composition Sensor
61014 to
21010 A,
depending on
the constituent
28 Vdc 15 Vdc
1 to 5 percent of full
scale, depending on
the constituent
Verify interfaces.
143
Accuracy, % FS
Torr
Detectability, Torr
Range, Torr
N2
O2
H2
CH4
CO2
2
2
5
5
1
16.0
6.0
2.5
1.25
0.15
16.0
6.0
2.5
1.3
0.2
0 to 800
0 to 300
0 to 50
0 to 25
0 to 15
Cupola
Z1 Truss
B P
Node 1
PMA1
MCA
N E
JEM
Centrifuge
Truss
MCA
Lab
HP
Node 2
MPLM
APM
Hab
Flight
Direction
M
PMA3
144
S J
NK
Airlock
PMA2
41140
41141
41140
41141
41140
41141
41140
41140
41145
41141
41141
41143
41141
41143
41143
41143
41143
41143
41151
42007
41150
41147
Pressure Drop
kPa
psia
2.7
2.7
1.7
2.7
3.4
1.7
1.0
1.7
1.4
3.8
4.1
2.7
2.7
3.4
2.4
3.0
3.2
2.1
1.7
0.7
0.7
1.0
0.40
0.40
0.25
0.40
0.50
0.25
0.15
0.25
0.20
0.55
0.60
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.35
0.43
0.47
0.30
0.25
0.10
0.10
0.15
Interface Conditions
Pressure During Campout
kPa
psia
N/A
N/A
N/A
64.8 to 67.5
64.1 to 66.8
N/A
N/A
N/A
67.5 to 70.3
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
9.40 to 9.80
9.30 to 9.70
N/A
N/A
N/A
9.80 to 10.20
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
93.0 to 102.0
93.0 to 102.0
86.8 to 102.0
91.6 to 100.6
90.9 to 99.9
92.0 to 100.9
N/A
94.0 to 103.0
94.4 to 103.3
N/A
91.6 to 100.6
N/A
88.5 to 97.5
91.3 to 100.2
91.3 to 100.2
91.8 to 103.1
91.6 to 100.8
93.7 to 102.7
94.0 to 103.0
95.1 to 104.0
95.1 to 104.0
94.7 to 103.7
F
D
F (all cases)
D (from AL)
F (from AL)
D (from Hab)
N/A
F
E
N/A
D
N/A
D (all cases)
G (from APM)
G (from JEM)
G (from Cntr)
L (from MPLM)
G
I
L
K
H
13.50 to 14.80
13.50 to 14.80
12.60 to 14.80
13.30 to 14.60
13.20 to 14.50
13.35 to 14.65
N/A
13.65 to 14.95
13.70 to 15.00
N/A
13.30 to 14.60
N/A
12.85 to 14.15
13.25 to 14.55
13.25 to 14.55
13.32 to 14.97
13.33 to 14.63
13.60 to 14.90
13.65 to 14.95
13.80 to 15.10
13.80 to 15.10
13.75 to 15.05
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
Dimensions
101 by 110 by 127 mm (4.0 by 4.3 by 5.0 in)
Mass
1.4 kg (3.08 lb)
Pressure drop
<0.52 kPa at 600 cc/min of air at 101.3 kPa
and 21.1 C (<0.075 psid at 600 cc/min of
air at 14.7 psia and 70 F)
Temperature range
15 to 40 C (59 to 104 F)
Internal leakage
<0.25 sccm of air at 104.8 kPa (15.2 psid)
145
110.0 mm
(4.3 in) Max
88.6 mm
(3.5 in) Max
71.9 mm
(2.8 in) dia.
4.83 mm
(0.2 in)
40.0 mm Max
(1.6 in)
Max
127.0 mm
(5.04 in)
Max
Electrical
Connector
Flow
Inlet Port
Outlet Port
101.0 mm
(4.0 in) Max
External Leakage
<2.0E5 sccm of air at 104.8 kPa (15.2 psid)
Power Supply
28 Vdc
Power Consumption
20 W peak during activation for < 1 sec.
Sample Probe
The sample probe, shown in figure 98:
146
Dimensions
33 mm diameter by 59.4 mm length (1.3 in
diameter by 2.3 in length)
Mass
0.15 kg (0.33 lb)
Pressure drop
18 Pa H2O at 600 cc/min air flowrate (0.7 in
H2O at 36.6 in3/min air flowrate).
Sampling Adapter
Before entering a module that has been sealed, a
sample of the atmosphere may be collected for analysis.
The External Sampling Adapter, shown in figure 99, is
designed to attach to the MPEV on the vestibule side of
the hatch, for this purpose. CHeCS-provided sampling
equipment then attaches to the adapter. The design of
the adapter allows for operation of the MPEV while the
adapter is in place. The Internal Sampling Adapter, also
shown in figure 99, is designed to attach to the moduleside of the MPEV, for sampling the vestibule atmosphere
and measuring its pressure.
Swagelok FW
Series In-Line Filter,
2-Micron, Stainless Steel Mesh
25.4 mm
(1.00 in dia.)
FW Filter
Sample
In
Swagelok QD SESOQC4S200,
1/8 dia. Tube,
Stainless Steel With Viton Seal
89 mm
(3.5 in)
147
Pressure Gauge
Attachment Screws
Sample Port
Vacuum Access
Jumper Interface
Pressure Gauge
30
15
20
25
Sample Port
10
0
5
148
Flow
Meter
Sorbent Bed
Assembly
Control Valve
st
taly
Ca mbly
se
As
ly
mb
ed
lB
coa
har
se
As
Air Out
Air In
Sample
Lines
Weight:
Power:
Average:
Emergency:
Peak:
Volume:
Heat Dissipation:
149
Bottom Retainer
Output Block
,
,
,
,
,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,
,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,, ,
Dry Weight
25.8 lb
11.7 kg
Volume (ORU)
0.059 m3 3,584 in3
Charcoal Volume 0.046 m3 2,788 in3
Anchor Plate
Stainless Steel
Modified Wiggins
Fitting and
Size Transition
O
Ring
Mounting
Points
Housing
,,,,,
,,,,,,
,, yyyyyy
,
,,,,,,
,,, yyyyyy
,,,,,,
yyyyyy
10-ml Thick
Stainless Steel
Flow Tube
Polyimide
Foam
Insulation
Kapton
Tape for
Wire Tie
Heated
RTD/Heater
Element
Reference
RTD/Heater
Element
Copper
Heat
Shield
,,,,
,,,,
Solder
Joint
150
Braze
Joint
Airflow
RTD (2 Required)
Insulation
Assembly
Front Plate
Assembly
Heat Exchanger
Assembly
Adapter
Connector
,, ,,
,
,,,,,,,,,,
,, ,,
,,,,,,
,
CRing
Catalyst
Screen Assembly
2 Places
Retainer Ring
2 Places
Heater Assembly
Casing,
Canister Assembly
Dimensions
84 43 dia cm
(33 17 dia in)
15 15 15 cm (6 6 6 in)
15 7.6 15 cm (6 3 6 in)
46 28 dia cm (18 11 dia in)
38 20 dia cm (15 8 dia in)
35.6 18 7.6 cm (14 7 3 in)
Mass
32.2 kg (71.0 lb)
3.0 kg
0.95 kg
13.7 kg
4.2 kg
4.5 kg
(6.6 lb)
(2.1 lb)
(30.1 lb)
(9.2 lb)
(10.0 lb)
151
152
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,,,, ,
,
Spring
Filter
Filter Retainer
Retainer
Outlet Endcone Assembly
Off
Initialize
Shutdown
Standby
Standby
Override
Standby
Loss of Function
Override
Warmup
Shutdown
Standby
Shutdown
Operate Full Up
Update
Oxidizer
Temp.
Setpoint
Override
Override
Warmup
Complete
Full Up
153
Verify interfaces
Speed Sensors
S
F
Flow Meter
Blower
,,
,
,,, ,,,,
Post-Sorbent Bed
(1.4 kg (3.1 lb) LiOH)
,,,,,,
,,,,
,
Orifice Plate
10.7 m3/hr (6.3 cfm) Bypass
Process
Sample Line
T Temperature Sensors
154
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acrolein
Ammonia
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Monoxide
1.2-Dichloroethane
2-Ethoxyethanol
Formaldehyde
Freon 113
Hydrazine
Hydrogen
Indole
Mercury
Methane
Methanol
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Dichloromethane
Octamethyltrisiloxane
2-Propanol
Toluene
Trichloroethylene
Trimethysilanol
Xylene
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mmHg
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
mg/m3
1 hr
180 days
20
0.2
20
10
60
2
40
0.5
400
5
340
5
0.1
3,800
40
150
0.004
350
4,000
1,000
60
270
600
430
10
0.08
14
10
20
2
40
0.12
400
0.4
340
1.5
0.02
3,800
13
150
0.004
120
2,000
240
60
60
70
430
4
0.03
7
5.3
10
1
0.3
0.05
400
0.005
340
0.25
0.01
3,800
9
30
0.004
10
40
150
60
10
40
220
4
0.03
7
5.3
10
2
3
0.05
400
0.05
340
0.25
0.01
3,800
9
30
0.004
50
1,000
150
60
50
40
220
4
0.03
7
5.3
10
2
2
0.05
400
0.03
340
0.25
0.01
3,800
9
30
0.004
20
200
150
60
20
40
220
155
Sorbent materials in the TCCS are replaced periodically (as described above) and the used materials are
discarded.
Legend
ELM
JEM
Truss
Z1 Truss
Russian
Segment
PMA1
Centrifuge
Cupola
Node 1
A
Node 2
Lab
Flight
Direction
Hab
MPLM
APM
Airlock
PMA3
Suppression Port
Portable Fire Extinguisher
Smoke Detector
Portable Breathing Apparatus
Visual Indicator (LED)
1
156
PMA2
Node 1
Cupola
Zenith Truss
Z
PMA1
A
N1Z
Stowage 1
N1P
Stowage 3
N1N
Stowage 2
N1S
Stowage 4
F
Lab
S
N
Hab
Airlock
PMA1
PMA2
PMA3
Cupola
158
Node 1
A
Low-Temp. TCS/
Cabin Air
Assembly
LAP 6
LAF 4
ISPR
LAS 4
LAP 4
ISPR
LAP 5
1
Fuel-Cell
Water Storage
ISPR
LAC 4
MSS/Avionics
ARS
(CDRA, MCA, TCCS)
X3
LAF 5
Avionics #1/
Condensate
Water Storage
LAF 6
X2
LAS 5
MSS/Avionics
LAS 6
ISPR
LAC 5
LAC 6
DDCU's
Mod.-Temp. TCS/
Cabin Air
Assembly
X1
X4
LAF 3
ISPR
LAS 3
LAP 3
FSS/Stowage
ISPR (Window)
ISPR
LAC 3
Lab
ISPR
LAP 2
Avionics #3
LAF 2
ISPR
LAS 2
ISPR
LAC 2
ISPR
LAP 1
Avionics #2
LAF 1
ISPR
LAS 1
ISPR
LAC 1
F
Node 2
Air Lock
Equipment Lock
AFwd1
Avionics
Node 1
P
Crew Lock
AFIr1
Storage
AA1
Cabin Air
Assembly
AC1
Storage
LAF6ARS rack
HAF3Water processor
HAF4Urine processor
HAF5ARS rack
HAF6ARS rack
HAP1Wardroom.
Node 2
JEM
Centrifuge Scar
Z
PMA1
A
N2Z
DDCU's
N2P
DDCU's
N2N
DDCU's
N2S
DDCU's
F
PMA2
S
N
MPLM
APM
Centrifuge
TBD
FIGURE 112.FDS subsystem (continued).
160
161
Node 1
Z
HAC 6
HAC 5
Low-Temp TCS/
Cabin Air
Assembly
HAP 6
HAS 4
HAC 3
HAP 4
FBCC
WMC
HAC 2
HAP 2
Wardroom
HAP 3
Stowage
HAF 2
Refrigerator/
Freezer
HAS 2
Ops. Support/
PEP Stowage
Galley/Oven/
Drink Dispenser
HAF 3
Water Processor
Urine
Processor
Freezer
HAS 3
Wardroom/
Galley Stowage
HAF 4
Ops. Support/
PEP Stowage
HAP 5
HAF 5
Avionics #1/
O2 Gen
HAS 5
CHeCS CMS
HAS 6
ARS
(CDRA, MCA, TCCS)
X3
HAC 4
Stowage
Stowage
HAF 6
X2
X1
X4
HAB
HAC 1
Wardroom
HAP 1
Avionics #2/
Stowage
HAF 1
Refrigerator/
Freezer/Trash
Compactor
HAS 1
Galley Stowage
F
PMA3
FIRE
ATM
WARNING
CAUTION
5.00 in
TEST
10.5 in
CA
UT
ION
AN
DW
FIR
AR
NIN
AT
M
WA
RN
ING
CA
UT
ION
TES
162
Electronics
Photodiodes
Laser Diode
Scatter Path
Obscuration Path
Airflow
163
Port in ISPR
Front Panel
Pressure Gauge
Fluid
Outlet
,,,
,,,
,,
,,
,,
,,
Handle
,,,,
,
Carbon Dioxide
Fire Extinguisher
478 mm
(18.8 in) max.
CAUTION
350 mm
(13.8 in) max
Storage Tank
164
Air Inlet
,,
,,
28 Vdc Motor
Compactor
Nested
Sensor
Transport
Tube
Compactor
Waste
Can
Plenum
Bacteria
Filter
Odor/Bacteria
Filter
Air Out
Commode
Fan
Redundant Blowers
,,
Check
Valve
(1)
115 Vac
Commode
Fan
(2)
Check
Valve
Air Out
Air Out
Outer Cover Sump Drain
Labyrinth Seal Flush
,
,
Filter
Oxone
and Sulfuric
Acid
Pretreatment
To Bulkhead
BHH
EMU
Condensate H
Drain
Separator
Motor
Motor
,,,
,
Urinal
Funnel
Odor
Bacteria
Filter
Air Out
To Urine
Processor
Urine Diverter
Valve
Motor
Motor
Separator
Outer Cover Sump Drain
Redundant Fan
Separators
120 Vdc
Wastewater processing
Urine processing.
OXONE
OXONE
OXONE
OXONE
ACID
ACID
ACID
Pretreat Tablets
Oxone
Solid Sulfuric Acid
CM
1
INCHES
3
1
5
2
8
3
Control
C&DH
EPS
Potable
Water
Monitor
Potable
Water
120 Vdc
Structures
ACS
ECLSS/THC
AR (OGA)
Wastewater
O2
WM and
Hygiene
WRM
Subsystem
Condensate
Potable
Water
Coolant
Supply
User/
Payload
Potable
Water
ITCS
Coolant
Return
Wastewater
EVA Suit
Umbilical
Expendables to
Crew Systems
Two-way solenoid valves (two for each assembly) mounted in series to control venting
operations and isolate the internal atmosphere
from the external environment when not venting.
These are replaceable from inside the Lab
module.
167
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, ,,
Temperature
and Humidity
Control
Urine
Urine
Vent
Urine/Flush
Water
Pretreatment
Condensate
Makeup Water
Water
Collection
and Storage
Urine &
Flushwater
,
,
,
,
,,
, ,
From
Shuttle
Contingency
Access to Crew
Reclaimed
Water
Water Storage
and Distribution
,
EVA
Distillate
Wastewater
Water
Processing
and Monitoring
Man
Systems
WRM Functions
Users
(Payloads)
168
Urine/Flush
Water
Processing
Brine
Return Waste
Storage
Legend
ELM
JEM
Truss
Z1 Truss
Russian
Segment
PMA1
Centrifuge
Cupola
P
Node 1
A
Flight
Direction
Hab
PMA2
Node 2
Lab
MPLM
APM
Airlock
PMA3
Self-Sealing Quick Disconnect, Half
Flex Hose
Feedthrough
Mechanical Fitting, Half
Solenoid Valve With Manual Override
and Position Indication
Manual Valve
Non-Propulsive Vent
Check Valve
Heater
T
Temperature Sensor
Potable Water
Wastewater
Fuel-Cell Water
169
Node 1
Cupola
Zenith Truss
Z
PMA1
A
N1Z
N1P
Stowage 3
Stowage 1
Fuel Cell
Waste
N1N
Stowage 2
N1S
Stowage 4
F
Lab
S
N
Hab
Airlock
PMA1
PMA2
Cupola
170
PMA3
Node 1
LAF 6
LAF 5
LAP 6
Low-Temp TCS/
Cabin Air
Assembly
X3
ISPR
LAP 4
LAP 5
LAF 4
Fuel-Cell
Water Storage
ISPR
LAS 4
ISPR
LAC 4
MSS/Avionics
X2
LAS 5
MSS/Avionics
LAS 6
ISPR
Mod.-Temp. TCS/
Cabin Air
Assembly
X1
LAC 5
LAC 6
DDCU's
FSS/Stowage
LAP 3
ISPR (Window)
LAF 3
ISPR
LAS 3
ISPR
LAC 3
ISPR
LAP 2
Avionics #3
LAF 2
ISPR
LAS 2
ISPR
LAC 2
ISPR
LAP 1
Avionics #2
LAF 1
ISPR
LAS 1
ISPR
LAC 1
F
Node 2
,
,
TTT
X4
TTT
TTT
Lab
TTT
171
Airlock
Equipment Lock
AFwd1
Avionics
Node 1
Crew Lock
P
AFlr1
Storage
Umbilical Interface
Assembly
AA1
Cabin Air
Assembly
AC1
Storage
with a total volume less than 1.7 m3 (20 ft3). The tank
is a positive expulsion bellows-type, made of an
InconelTM bellows with an aluminum shell, vented to
the atmosphere. Wastewater can be received at a rate up
to 2.3 kg/hr (5 lb/hr) at a pressure between 101 to 156 kPa
(0 to 8 psig) and a temperature between 18.3 and 45.0 C
(65 and 113 F). There are two quantity sensors that allow
automatic control and remote wastewater venting. Water
is removed from the tank through the vent assembly or
by manual draining via a QD connector. The condensate
storage tank is located in rack LAF3 and is connected
to the wastewater network.
Fuel-cell-water tanks are located in the Lab (delivered in the MPLM and moved to the Lab) and provide for
temporary storage of fuel-cell water received from the
space shuttle. Each tank is the same design as the condensate tank. Storage for up to 408 kg (900 lb) of water is
provided. The total volume of all fuel-cell-water tanks is
to not exceed 4.7 m3 (55 ft3). Fuel-cell water can be
accepted from the space shuttle at a rate of 109 kg/hr
(240 lb/hr) at a pressure between 69 and 207 kPa (10
and 30 psia) and a temperature between 18.3 and 45.0 C
(65 and 113 F).
Node 2
JEM
Centrifuge Scar
Z
P
F
Lab
A
N2Z
DDCU's
N2P
DDCU's
Fuel-Cell
Waste
N2N
DDCU's
N2S
DDCU's
To Cabin
Air Assembly
F
PMA2
S
N
MPLM
APM
Centrifuge
TBD
FIGURE 128.WRM subsystem (continued).
173
174
Node 1
HAP 5
WMC
HAP 6
Low-Temp. TCS/
Cabin Air
Assembly
X3
HAF 5
Avionics #1/
O2 Generator
ARS
(CDRA, MCA, TCCS)
HAS 5
CHeCS-CMS
HAS 6
Stowage
HAC 3
FBCC
HAP 4
Galley/Oven/
Drink Dispenser
HAP 3
HAF 3
Water Processor
HAF 4
Freezer
HAS 3
Wardroom/
Galley Stowage
Urine Processor
Ops. Support/
PEP Stowage
HAS 4
HAC 4
CHeCS-HMS/EHS
HAC 5
CHeCS-HMS/EHS
HAC 6
Stowage
HAF 6
X2
X4
Hab
HAC 2
Wardroom
HAP 2
Stowage
HAF 2
Refrigerator/
Freezer
HAS 2
Ops. Support/
PEP Stowage
HAC 1
Wardroom
HAP 1
Avionics #2/
Stowage
HAF 1
Refrigerator/
Freezer/Trash
Compactor
HAS 1
Galley Stowage
PMA3
Solenoid Valves
Flex Hose
Jumper
,,,
Particulate
Filter
Wastewater In
To Other
Vent Assembly
Wastewater Vent LocationLab forward looking aft (A) and Lab port looking
starboard (B). Each vent operates at 65 kg/hr (143 lb/hr) at a cabin pressure
of 101.3 kPa (14.7 psia). Nominally, both vents are operated simultaneously
to provide non-propulsive venting. This operation is controlled by the ECLSS
software, but may be initiated by crew or ground command.
43
Lab
Fwd
Zenith
Vent
Port
Nadir
Vent
Starboard
Lab Fwd
Lab Aft
43
A
175
330 mm
(13 in)
457 mm
(18 in)
559 mm
(22 in)
176
177
PC1
TSV11
TM1
TOC
HC1
High pH
LC1
Low pH
Membrane
CO2 and O2
TSV18
PT23
O2 Manifold
FR3
P
FR4
PT22
Condensate
Detector
IR
Source
TV16
PT21
PT1
TV15
SV14
TC1
TC22
28 Vdc
Enable
Status
Temp. Cond.
Module
T
C
Manifold #2
Membrane
CO2
Waste Gas
Vent to
Rack
Separator
Gas/Liquid
Total Inorganic
Carbon (TIC) Purge
PT42
FR2
PR2
Acidification
Module
AM1
PH1
Preamp
pH Probe
TC21
Temp. Cond.
Module
T
C
O2
Manifold #1
TSV17
TSV12
CO2
TSV13
TSV14
Preconditioner
PT41
Motor
O2
TSV19
CO2
Pump
O2
QD#1
CO2
Iodine Sensor
Red-Blue
Detector/
Source
Preamp
Preamp
CO2
Temp. Cond.
Module
T
C
CO2
Process
Water
Input
PT24
IR
Detector
P/O Manifold #3
CP1
TT13 TT11
T
T
Cooler
PR3 SV12
Ballast
(DC/AC
Converter)
UV
Reactor
HV*
XFMR
UV1
CO2
TT14
T
IG1
QD#3
Preamp
IR
and
Det.
IR
and
Source Preamp
Gas/Liquid
Separator
Total Organic
(TOC)
CO2 Detector
Stepper
Motor
and
Control
TT12
T
QD#2
Temperature sensorsTo monitor the temperature of the water sample after the UV reactor and
cooler
178
3.6.5.1.1 WP Design
The WP, as shown schematically in figure 134,
includes the following components:
Filter ORU
VRA ORU:
Two regenerative heat exchangers and
electric heater
Gaseous O2 supply valves and sensors
VRA reactor
Ion exchange polishing bed
PCWQM ORUs
3.6.5.1.2 WP Operation
Wastewater is purified using multifiltration through
ion-exchange resins and sorbent materials with catalytic
oxidation of trace organics. The purified water meets
potable water quality specifications. The process consists
of the following steps and components:
179
3.6.5.2.1 UP Design
The UP process is shown schematically in figure 135.
The processing is performed by a VCDS.
Expendable components include:
3.6.5.1.3 WP Performance
The WP processes 9.17 to 13.60 kg/day/person
(20.22 to 29.88 lb/day/person) of wastewater (humidity
condensate, waste hygiene water, and water recovered
from urine) to meet the specification for potable water.
The WP provides an average of 2.8 kg/day/person
(6.2 lb/person/day) of water for food rehydration,
consumption, and oral hygiene; 6.8 kg/day/person
(15.0 lb/person/day) of water for hygiene use; 2.2 kg/day
(4.8 lb/day) of potable water for payload use; and up to
3.3 kg/day (7.35 lb/day) of potable water for life science
experiments.
180
Vent to
Cabin
From Wastewater
Distribution Bus
Heat
Exchanger
Vent
Unibed #1
PCWQM
0.5 Micron
Filter
VRA
O2
In
VRA
Reactor
Unibed #2
Heat
Exchanger
Gas/Liquid
Separator
Wastewater Storage
and Delivery
Inlet ORU
T
T
181
Microbial
Check
Valve
Pressure
Quantity
P
Q
Product Water
Delivery ORU
Water to
Potable
Use
Points
3-Way Solenoid
Valve
Back Pressure
Regulator
Conductivity
Physical Property
Transducer
Quick Disconnect
Preheater
Orifice
Temperature
Transducer
Solenoid Valve
In-line Relief
Valve
Pump
Check Valve
LEGEND
Peristaltic pumpA four-section pump operating at 8 rpm. One section pumps unprocessed
and recycled urine/flush water to the HX and
distillation assembly, two sections operating in
parallel retrieve excess wastewater from the
VCDS and pump it to the recycle filter tank and
recycle loop, and one section pumps the reclaimed condensate from the VCDS and purge
assembly to the UP output.
Coolant
Motor
Distillation Unit
Purge
Pump
Water
Separator
Heat
Exchanger
Pretreated
Urine Tank
Purge Gas
to Cabin
Fluids
Pump
Reprocess
From
Urinal
c Conductivity
Sensor
,,,
Recycle Filter Tank
To Water Processor
(Via Wastewater
Distribution Line)
Conductivity sensorTo monitor the conductivity of the reclaimed water output from the
VCDS.
Reclaimed water is pumped out and the conductivity measured. If the conductivity is acceptable,
the water is delivered to the wastewater network.
If not, it is returned to the urine recycle loop to
be reprocessed.
3.6.5.2.3 UP Performance
The UP processes urine for up to six people, at an
average rate of 1.56 kg (3.43 lb)/person/day.
3.6.5.2.2 UP Operation
Evaporator Temperature
Sensor
Rotating Centrifuge
Housing
Magnetic Drive
Product Out
Evaporator
Pressure Tap
High Level Sensor
and Evaporator
Temperature Sensor
Recycle Out
Distillation Unit
Motor
Purge Out
Compressor
Feed In
Legend
ELM
JEM
Truss
Z1 Truss
Russian
Segment
PMA1
Centrifuge
Cupola
P
Node 1
A
A
Flight
Direction
Hab
PMA2
Node 2
Lab
S
MPLM
APM
Airlock
PMA3
LCA
Flex Hose
CCT
Feedthrough
PGT
Non-Propulsive Vent
Vacuum Resource
Vacuum Exhaust
Smoke detector
185
186
Node 1
CCT
LCA
PGT
PGT
CCT
LAS 6
LAC 6
DDCU's
NIA
Low-Temp. TCS/
Cabin Air
Assembly
LAP 6
LAP 4
ISPR
LAP 5
Fuel-Cell
Water Storage
LAF 4
LAS 4
ISPR
LAC 4
ISPR
MSS/Avionics
LAF 5
Avionics #1/ Cond.
Water Storage
ARS
(CDRA, MCA,
TCCS)
LAS 5
MSS/Avionics
LAC 5
ISPR
LAF 6
X3
X2
Mod.-Temp. TCS/
Cabin Air Assembly
X1
X4
Lab
FSS/Stowage
LAP 3
ISPR (Window)
LAF 3
LAS 3
ISPR
LAC 3
ISPR
ISPR
LAP 2
Avionics #3
LAF 2
LAS 2
ISPR
LAC 2
ISPR
ISPR
LAP 1
Avionics #2
LAF 1
LAS 1
ISPR
LAC 1
ISPR
Node 2
Lab
PFE
(8) Remove atmospheric heat to maintain a temperature between 18.3 to 26.7 C (65 and
80 F) with an accuracy of 1 C (2 F).
(9) Remove excess moisture from the air during
campout to maintain the RH within the range
of 25 to 70 percent. The dewpoint temperature
is to be between 4.4 to 15.6 C (40 and 60 F).
Equipment Lock
AFwd1
Avionics
O2
O2
Node 1
P
Crew Lock
O2
AFIr1
Storage
16 lb/hr
1050 psia
N2
PCP
PCA
CPS
FC
AA1
Cabin Air
Assembly
850
to
915
psia
100
to
110
psia
Umbilical Interface
Assembly
200
psia
200
psia
1050
psia
AC1
Storage
3 lbm/hr
N2
N2
VRV
188
189
190
191
Post-Sorbent LiOH
Bed Assembly
ize
xid
O
c
i
bly
alyt
Cat Assem
Telescopic Slide
Flow Meter
Assembly (ORU)
Air Inlet
From Cabin
192
Blower failure
Pre-cooler failure
Heater failure
Where redundancy of the function is present, the following additional ratings are used:
P sensor failure
The CIL is used during preparation of on-orbit maintenance procedures and mission rules. Based on the results
of the FMEA, the equipment may be redesigned to avoid
the worst effects.
Valve Failure
The failure of a valve to operate properly would be
detected by the optical position indicators. A selector
valve can lose function due to failure of the motor or of
the position indicators. The valve can fail in a specific
position (A or B) or in transition.
The 4BMS software will consider the valve failed if
the position indicators do not reflect the proper combination of open and closed valves within 10 sec of valve
actuation. Upon detection of a failed valve, the 4BMS
will transition to the Failed state and the software will
report that a valve has failed.
193
Is there
redundancy
for this Item to
perform this
function?
1
Include
in the CIL
No
Will the
effect of loss of
this function result in
loss of life or
vehicle?
Yes
CRIT 1
No
Yes
Will the
effect of loss of
this function result in
loss of mission?
Yes
CRIT 2
No
CRIT 3
Will the
effect of loss of
all redundancy (like
and/or unlike) result
in loss of life or
vehicle?
Yes
(A) Will
loss of the 1st
Yes
path result in loss of
mission or (B) will next
CRIT 1R*
failure of any
redundant item result
in loss of life/
vehicle?
*All of these items are considered
1
Critical Items, even if they pass
the redundancy screens.
No
CRIT 1R
CRIT 2R
Does this
Item fail
any of the
redundancy
screens? 1
Yes or No.
Does the
redundant item
fail any of the
redundancy
Yes
screens?
1
No
No
CRIT 3
Not in CIL
FIGURE 141.FMEA/CIL screening process to determine criticality rating (NSTS 22206, rev. D).
194
If the valve failure occurs close to 4BMS end-oflife, it may be better to replace the entire 4BMS.
ORU Replacement
Replacement of the CO2 sorbent bed/desiccant bed
ORU will require no more than 2 hr. The procedure involves the following steps after automated methods have
been performed:
195
ITCS inlet/outlet
Data
Power.
In the event of valve leakage, the method for detecting leakage is indirect, relying on the MCAs ppCO2
monitoring capability. If the ppCO2 level increases while
the hardware is operating properly, then leakage is
indicated. The source of the leakage would have to be
identified to the ORU level.
196
Introduction
1.1
and storage facilities, so the full range of ECLSS functions are not provided. The basic requirements for the ISS
ECLSS are discussed in chapter I. The requirements that
apply to the APM, JEM, and MPLM relate to THC, ACS,
and FDS. In general, the requirements for these functions
are the same as for the USOS, but some specific requirements may be different. In addition, the APM and JEM
have payload support requirements.
TABLE 33.The ECLS functions performed in the APM, JEM, and MPLM.
Atmosphere Control and Supply (ACS) functions are mostly provided by the USOS and RS. The APM, JEM, and MPLM provide
cabin pressure sensors, depressurization assemblies, positive pressure relief assemblies (for when the module is isolated), and pressure
equalization valves in the hatches. The APM, JEM, and MPLM also provide negative pressure relief during transportation. The APM and
JEM supply N2 to payloads. The APM, JEM, and MPLM are exempt from the requirement to respond to rapid decompression, and rely on
the USOS.
Temperature and Humidity Control (THC) consists of conditioning the atmosphere by Common Cabin Atmosphere Assemblies
(CCAA) located in the APM and JEM. The MPLM relies on the USOS.
Atmosphere Revitalization (AR) is provided mostly by the USOS or RS. In the APM and JEM, particulates and airborne microorganisms are removed from the atmosphere by HEPA filters in each segment. (The MPLM relies on the USOS.) Atmospheric samples are
collected by the Sample Delivery System (SDS) and delivered via tubing to the Lab for analysis in the MCA.
Fire Detection and Suppression (FDS) consists of smoke detectors at strategic locations, PBAs, and manually-operated PFEs for fire
suppression.
Waste Management (WM) is provided by the USOS or RS, and waste is returned to Earth in the MPLM or burned in the Earths
atmosphere in a Progress.
Water Recovery and Management (WRM) is provided by the USOS or RS. Humidity condensate is collected from the CHXs in the
APM and JEM and delivered to the USOS.
Vacuum Services (VS) consist of waste gas exhaust and vacuum resource capabilities in the APM and JEM.
197
APM
MPLM
JEM
Notes/Supplier
U.S.
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
J
E
E
E
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
E = Carleton (Spacelab)
U.S. = Allied-Signal
E = Carleton (Spacelab)
E = Carleton (Spacelab)
E = French supplier
J = Japanese supplier
E = Moog
E = Draeger
E = Draeger
N/A
U.S.
U.S.
CHX Assembly
Condensate Water Separator Assembly
Cabin Temperature Control Unit
Cabin Air Temperature Sensor
E
E
E
E
N/A
N/A
N/A
E
U.S.
E
E
N/A
E
N/A
U.S.
U.S.
U.S.
U.S.
N/A
U.S.
U.S.
E
E
E
E
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
198
U.S.
E = French supplier
U.S. = Hamilton Standard
E = Carleton
U.S. = USOS hardware
E = French supplier
E = French supplier
E = Kayser Threde
J = Japanese supplier
U.S. = USOS hardware
E = Dornier
E = Moog
U.S. = USOS hardware
(Node 1)
E = Moog
U.S.
U.S.
U.S.
E = Carleton
E = Carleton
E = Common to Ptot sensor
E = Dornier
2.0
199
ptot
Sensor #1
#2
#3
#4
Cabin Fan
Muffler
Supply Fan
Condensate
Valve
Muffler
SS
Port Cone
Hatch Supply Duct
Smoke Sensor-I/F
Muffler
Liquid Loop
CHX2
Condenser
Condenser
CHX1
Liquid Loop
T
Cabin Inlet Diffuser
Condensate Line
pp CO2
Sensor #1
Water
Separator
#2
pp O2
Sensor #1
#2
Return Grid
Muffler
TCV
Carry Over
Sensor #1
#2
RVPS
V&V Rack QD
VPS
Vacuum Line
RVPS
Repress Valve
Humidity
Sensor #2
Cabin Temperature
Control Unit
(CTCU 2)
Humidity
Sensor #1
Payload
Rack
Cabin Temperature
Control Unit
(CTCU 1)
N2 Rack QD
VPS
N2 I/F to TCS
Repress Valve
Split
Muffler
M
N2 Supply Shutoff Valve
Vent-Line
Return Fan
Muffler
PI
Cabin
Depressure
Valve
VP
IMV Valve
LSOV
N2
Supply
Line
IMV Valve
Positive Pressure
Relief Valve
IMV Return
IMV Supply
N2
Port Cone
D/BI/F
Cabin
Depressure
Valve
Vent-Line
Dumping Device
Filter
200
Heater
Control
Unit (HCU1)
M M
Negative
Pressure
Relief
Valve
Vacuum Line
Dumping Device
Starboard Cone
Atmosphere Revitalization (AR) includes controlling the ppCO2 (provided by the USOS or RS via IMV),
controlling gaseous contaminants (provided by the USOS
or RS via IMV), control of airborne particulate contaminants (via HEPA filters), and control of airborne microorganisms (via HEPA filters). Monitoring of the atmosphere
composition is also provided by the USOS, by delivering
samples of the atmosphere to the USOS via a sample line.
Fire Detection and Suppression (FDS) includes fire
detectors and PFEs. Fire detection is assured via smoke
collection and transport in the open volumes of the APM
by the air circulation provided by the cabin ventilation
loop and the IMV loop. The fire detection concept is onefailure tolerant by the use of two smoke detectors (identical with USOS smoke detectors) at each of two locations:
201
202
119 mm
(4.7 in) ID
13 mm
(1/2 in) ID
3 mm
(1/8 in) ID
IMV Supply
Condensate
Return
Atmosphere
Sample
Hatch
WS
ISPR (Mtl)
WS
193 mm
(7.6 in) ID
193 mm
THC2/TCS2 (7.6 in) ID
ISPR (Mtl)
Hatch
Hatch
Cabin Air
Supply
7.6 in ID
A/L Press/
Depress Eqpmt
137 mm (5.4 in) ID
51 mm
(2 in) ID
Storage
Storage
Aft
193 mm
(7.6 in) ID
193 mm
(7.6 in) ID
13 mm (1/2 in) ID
THC1/TCS1 EPS1
DMS1
3 mm (1/8 in) ID
N2 Distribution
Condensate Return
ISPR (Life)
Sample Delivery
PM
Storage 1
(EDRTS)
System
Storage 27
System
Storage 1
137 mm (5.4) in ID
119 mm
(4.7 in) ID
DMS2
Storage
Storage
Stbd
7.6 in
ID
IMV Return
N2
137 mm (5.4) in ID
Storage
Storage
Fwd
Airlock
PMS Control
Storage
Storage
Port
Hatch
137 mm (5.4) in ID
137 mm (5.4) in ID
Hatch
Units
Standard Value
General:
Number of Crew Members
Time in JEM
People
hr/day
2
8
Steady-State:
PM Volume (empty)
ELM Volume (empty)
PM Avionics Heat Loads
ELM Avionics Heat Loads
IMV Heat Loads
Temporary:
AL Volume (empty)
AL Avionics Heat Loads
AL-generated Moisture
m3
ft3
m3
ft3
W
W
W
m3
ft3
W
kg/operation
lb/operation
128
4,523
44
1,555
1,802
205
0
3.0
106
900 W for 100 min
15 kg/hr for 17min
33 lb/hr for 17 min
Range
0 to 4
1 to 13
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
TBD to 3,202
205 to 459
220 to 220
N/A
N/A
TBD
TBD
TBD
203
204
On/Off Valve
WPP
RCA
FSP
PT
X
Y
PBA
Sampling Line
Shutoff Valve
FVI
GLA's
PFE
Cabin Fan
ELPS
HCU
MDM/Cold-Plate Assembly
PDB
Modulating Valve Electronics
Modulating Valve
NPRV's
PPRA's
ISOV
PT's
Avionics Connectors
NPRV's
PFE
PPRA
ISOV
Avionics Connectors
206
Docked Conditions
Node
Vestibule
VClamp
Jumper
IMV
Shutoff(SO)
Valve
,
,
,,,,,
,,,,,,,
IMV S/O
Valve
Seal
Valve
Butterfly
Bulkhead
Legend
Self-Sealing Quick
Disconnect, Half
Self-Sealing Quick
Disconnect Feedthrough
Flex Hose
Assembly
Non-Self-Sealing Quick
Disconnect, Half
Non-Self-Sealing Quick
Disconnect Feedthrough
Node 2
APM
Active Common
Berthing
Mechanism
Passive Common
Berthing
Mechanism
N2
Air Sample
IMV Supply & Return
TCS LTL & MTL Supply & Return
Wastewater
Mechanical Fluid
Fitting, Half
Mechanical Fluid
Fitting Feedthrough
Valve
207
208
Conditions
Power
Heat Rejection
Venting
Air Exchange
Air Supply:
Flowrate: 229 to 280 m3/hr (135 to 165 cfm)
Temperature: 17 to 28 C (63 to 82 F)
Cleanliness Level: Class 100,000
Air Return:
Flowrate: 229 to 280 m3/hr (135 to 165 cfm)
Temperature: 18 to 29 C (64.4 to 84.2 F)
Cleanliness Level: Class 100,000
N2
Atmosphere Sampling
Mass Flowrate: 1.4 kg/hr (3.1 lb/hr) Continuous, 3.2 kg/hr (7 lb/hr) Maximum
Pressure (1): 1,380 to 2,070 hPa (20 to 30 psia)
Temperature: 4.5 to 43 C (40 to 109 F)
Particulate Filtration: 100 m
Free-Gas Level: 0 to 10 Percent by Volume
(1) The APM delivers the maximum flowrate for any value of the interface
pressure up to the maximum.
Range
Notes:
(1) Atmospheric composition in the APM is controlled by the USOS.
(2) Trace contaminants in the APM are controlled by the USOS according to NHB 8060.1, appendix D, Flammability, Odor, and Offgassing and Compatibility
Requirements and Test Procedures for Materials in Environments that Support Combustion.
(3) Used for THC sizing.
Range
95.8 to 102.3 kPa (13.9 to 14.9 psia)
16 to 37 C (61 to 99 F)
0.1 to 0.6 L/min (100 to 600 scfm)
1.03 kPa (0.15 psi)
TBD m3
2 m
Stainless Steel
The fluid interfaces of the MPLM are shown schematically in figure 148. The interfaces and their conditions are listed in table 40. The vestibule jumpers are the
same types as for the APM interconnections. The locations of the MPLM interface connections are shown in
Figure 149.
209
Legend
Node 2
Self-Sealing Quick
Disconnect, Half
JEM
Active Common
Berthing
Mechanism
Self-Sealing Quick
Disconnect Feedthrough
Passive Common
Berthing
Mechanism
N2
Flex Hose
Assembly
Air Sample
Non-Self-Sealing Quick
Disconnect, Half
Non-Self-Sealing Quick
Disconnect Feedthrough
Wastewater
Mechanical Fluid
Fitting, Half
Mechanical Fluid
Fitting Feedthrough
Valve
210
ECLSS Interface
Flowrate
Temperature
Notes
IMV Supply
18.3 to 29.4 C
(65 to 85 F)
IMV Return
18.3 to 29.4 C
(65 to 85 F)
0 to 3.2 kg/hr
(7 lb/hr)
0 to 13.6 kg/hr
(0 to 30 lb/hr) peak
(for up to 12 min)
4.4 to 45 C
(40 to 113 F)
N2
0.27 kg/hr
(0.6 lb/min)
18.3 to 29.4 C
(65 to 85 F)
(except during
initial startup)
Atmosphere Sampling
0 to 0.6 L/min
(600 scc/min, 0.02 cfm,
35 in3/min)
17.2 to 42.8 C
(63 to 109 F)
Legend
Self-Sealing Quick
Disconnect, Half
Self-Sealing Quick
Disconnect Feedthrough
Node 1
MPLM
Active Common
Berthing
Mechanism
Passive Common
Berthing
Mechanism
Flex Hose
Assembly
Air Sample
Non-Self-Sealing Quick
Disconnect, Half
Non-Self-Sealing Quick
Disconnect Feedthrough
Mechanical Fluid
Fitting, Half
Mechanical Fluid
Fitting Feedthrough
Valve
Flowrate
Temperature
IMV Supply
7.2 to 29.4 C
(45 to 85 F)
IMV Return
18.3 to 29.4 C
(65 to 85 F)
Atmosphere Sample
0 to 400 scc/min
18.3 to 29.4 C
(65 to 85 F)
Notes
211
+Z
+Y
212
Mass
(kg)
Mass
(lb)
Power
Consumption (W)
Design
Life
Replacement
Period
Notes
PPRA
NPRA
MPEV
Vent and Relief Assembly
Temperature and Humidity Control (THC)
Atmosphere Temperature Sensor
CCAA
HEPA filters
Fan assembly
Cabin Air Diffuser
AAA
Atmosphere Revitalization (AR)
Atmosphere Sample Line:
Sample Line Shutoff Valve
Sample Line Filter
Fire Detection and Suppression (FDS)
Smoke Detector
PFE
PBA
Emergency Warning Panel
0.34
2.9
0.75
6.4
2.31
0.98
5.09
2.16
248 mW
195 for heater
and 14.85 (peak)
for motorized valve
14.85 peak
Same as USOS
50 g
0.11
Same as USOS
26
57
Same as USOS
1.4
0.15
3.1
0.33
1.02
2.25
20 peak
Same as USOS
Same as USOS
Same as USOS
0.34
0.75
2.31
248 mW
5.09
2 sensors
Same as USOS
2 each
2 valves,
Same as USOS
Same as APM
2 valves,
Same as APM
213
Mass
(kg)
Mass
(lb)
In the ELMPS:
Vent and Relief Assembly
Motor/Manual Valves
Total Pressure Sensors
O2/N2 Distribution:
Distribution Lines
Solenoid/Manual Valve
Flow Orifice
MPEV
PPRA
NPRA
214
2 Valves
2.25
PFE
PBA
Fire Panel
5.0
11.0
SD
1.02
2.25
Notes
Same as USOS
Same as USOS
Same as USOS
Same as USOS
Same as USOS
1.02
PFE
PBA
Fire Panel
Replacement
Period
Same as USOS
Same as APM
2 valves,
Same as APM
ELMPS:
Design
Life
2 each
2 sensors
Power
Consumption (W)
15 Detectors.
Same as USOS
2, Same as USOS
2, Same as USOS
29 Panels
2 Detectors,
Same as USOS
1, Same as USOS
2, Same as USOS
2 Panels
Mass
(kg)
Mass
(lb)
Power
Consumption (W)
Design
Life
Replacement
Period
Notes
Experiment Airlock
Vacuum Pump
Fan
Dehydrator
Solenoid Valve
Manual Valve
Filter
Flow Restrictor
MPLM
Atmosphere Control and Supply (ACS)
Total Pressure Sensor
Depressurization Assembly
Intermodule Fluid Connectors
NPRA
PPRA
2.9
6.4
0.98
2.31
2.16
5.1
1.4
0.15
3.1
0.33
Same as USOS
Same as APM
14.85 peak
MPEV
Atmosphere Revitalization (AR)
Intermodule Fluid Connector
Sample Line Shutoff Valve
Sample Line Filter
Temperature and Humidity Control (THC)
Diffusers
Temperature Sensors
Cabin Fan Assembly
Cabin Outlet Grids
Cabin Fan Assembly
Cabin Fan Assembly Inlet Muffler
Grilles
IMV Shutoff Valve
4 NPRAs
2 PPRAs
Same as USOS
Same as USOS
20 peak
Same as APM
Same as USOS
5.34
11.75
5.0
dry mass
11.0
dry mass
0.15 (standby)
20 (max)
3,750 cycles
Same as USOS
Arde, Inc.
Same as USOS
Same as USOS
215
Legend
ELM
JEM
Truss
Z1 Truss
Russian
Segment
PMA1
Centrifuge
Cupola
P
Node 1
A
A
Flight
Direction
Hab
PMA2
Node 2
Lab
S
MPLM
APM
Airlock
PMA3
Check Valve
Pressure Regulator
Flex Hose
Tank
Feedthrough
Manual Valve
Pressure Sensor
Pump
Burst Disk
Non-Propulsive Vent
Orifice
CPS
Heater
VAJ
Relief Valve
Diffuser
Firmware Controller
O2
PCP
N2
VRV
O2 Recharge
PCA
N2 Recharge
NIA
FC
216
Temperature Sensor
JEMELM
ELMC 1
Stowage
ELMC 2
Stowage
ELMS 1
Stowage
ELMS 2
Stowage
ELMF 1
Stowage
ELMF 2
Stowage
ELMP 1
Stowage
ELMP 2
Stowage
JEM
N
JEMPM
Z
ELM
JEM C5
JEM C4
JEM C3
JEM C2
JEM C1
DMS 1
User Storage
System
Storage 2
System
Storage 1
DMS 2
JEM S6
JEM S5
JEM S4
JEM S3
JEM S2
JEM S1
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (LS)
ISPR (LS)
JEM F6
JEM F5
JEM F4
JEM F3
JEM F2
JEM F1
ECLSS/TCS 2
EPS 2
EPS 1
ECLSS/TCS 1
JEM P6
JEM P5
ISPR (MIL)
Workbench
JEM P4
JEM P3
JEM P2
JEM P1
ISPR (LS)
ISPR (LS)
Node 2
217
TT
TT
APM
APMC1
APMC2
APMC3
APMC4
ISPR
ISPR
Stowage
Stowage
APMS1
APMS2
APMS3
APMS4
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
TT
TT
Node 2
APMF1
APMF2
APMF3
APMF4
Subfloor
Subfloor
Subfloor
Stowage
APMS1
APMS2
APMS3
APMS4
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
TT
TT
MPLM
MLC1
MLC2
MLC3
MLC4
MLS1
MLS2
MLS3
MLS4
MLF1
MLF2
MLF3
MLF4
MLP1
MLP2
MLP3
MLP4
Node 2
218
35 mm
(1.38 in)
117 mm
(4.6 in)
Major
Keyway
Receptacle
Metric Units
U.S. Units
1.1 to 60 C
0 to 110.3 kPa
248 mW
28 Vdc
15 1.8 Vdc
0 to 5 Vdc (analog)
4 mA at 0 kPa to 20 mA
at 110.3 kPa, linear
30 to 140 F
0 to 16 psia
248 mW
28 Vdc
15 1.8 Vdc
0 to 5 Vdc (analog)
4 mA at 0 psia to 20 mA
at 16 psia, linear
219
,
,
,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,
,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
, ,, ,
FIGURE 154.NPRA.
The main physical and performance characteristics
of the underpressure relief assembly are:
Dimensions
178 mm length by 175 mm diameter (7.0 in
length by 6.9 in diameter)
Mass
0.98 kg (2.16 lb)
External leakage
0.1 scc/min
Full flow at
34.5 hPa (0.5 psid)
Maximum flowrate
0.54 kg/hr (1.19 lb/hr).
3.1.1.1.3 N2 Distribution
N2 is supplied from the USOS for rackmounted
payloads and subsystems in the APM and is distributed to
each standoff for use by payloads and subsystems.
220
m = 0.54 kg/sec
at 35 hPa
Relief Valve
Forward Endcone
Relief Valve
Aft Endcone
CLOSED
137 mm
(5.40 in)
Feedthrough Plate
OPEN
Relief Valve
Shutoff Valve
With Manual Override
228.6 mm
(9.00 in)
,,,,
,,,
Vent Section
,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
m = 0.010 kg/sec
at 1,048 hPa
279.4 mm
(11.00 in max)
Dimensions
279 by 203 by 127 mm (11 by 8 by 5 in)
Mass
2.31 kg (5.09 lb)
External leakage
0.1 scc/min
Power consumption
14.85 W peak for motorized valve.
Maximum flowrate
68 kg/hr (150 lb/hr).
The PPRA also includes a debris screen, a nonpropulsive vent, and a support flange. The pneumatic
valve provides automatic positive pressure relief and the
motorized valve is used to disable or re-enable the pneumatic valve and to provide single-failure tolerance in case
the pneumatic valve fails to close or it opens when not
needed.
The PPRAs are derived from the Carleton PPRAs
used in the Spacelab. Each assembly consists of a mechanical pressure relief valve and a motor-driven valve
(normally open) connected in series and arranged in a
common valve bore. Modifications for use on the ISS
include modifying the valve spring to have a cracking
pressure of 102.0 kPa (14.8 psia) and full-flow pressure
of 104.8 kPa (15.2 psia). The relief valve is a poppet-type,
pressure compensated by a bellows, and incorporates an
electrically operated closing override butterfly valve. The
motor-driven valve consists of a 28 Vdc brush-type motor,
a valve position indicator, and a butterfly valve. A captive-debris screen on the internal side of the assembly and
a filter screen on the bulkhead side of the assembly
provide protection from foreign material.
221
yyyyy
,,,,,
,,,,,
yyyyy
,,,,,
yyyyy
,,,,,
yyyyy
Dimensions
250 by 140 by 110 mm (9.8 by 5.5 by 4.3 in)
Mass
2.9 kg (6.4 lb)
Internal leakage
0.1 scc/min
External leakage
0.1 scc/min
Power consumption
14.85 W for the motorized valve (peak),
195 W heater.
3.1.1.6.1.1 DA Design
The depressurization capability consists of two DAs,
each including a debris screen, a non-propulsive vent, a
heater (dedicated thermistor), support flange, and two
222
Space
m = 0.165 kg/sec
at 1,013 hPa
Vent Section
Heater
Temp Sensor
Feedthrough Plate
Shutoff Valve
Shutoff Valve
3.1.2.1.3 N2 Distribution
Nitrogen is supplied from the USOS for rackmounted payloads and subsystems in the PM. The supply
is routed to the racks via one supply line in each lower
standoff. A side branch from the standoff line serves the
ITCS water loop accumulator for pressurization. Motorized isolation valves with manual override control the
distribution of N2.
The N2 distribution system consists of lines to
deliver N2 to cabin distribution points in the PM. These
lines have an inner diameter (ID) of 0.95 cm (3/8 in).
PDU1
120 Vdc
DRST #3,4
Heater Control
Unit #1
PDGF
120 Vdc
Depress Assy #1
COF I/Os
PDGF I/Os
Depress Assy #2
PDGF
120 Vdc
MIL-STD 1553 B
MIL-STD 1553 A
Depress Assy #3
PDGF I/Os
Depress Assy #4
PDU2
120 Vdc
Heater Control
Unit #2
COF I/Os
224
Dimensions
101 by 110 by 127 mm (4 by 4.3 by 5 in)
Mass
1.4 kg (3.1 lb)
Pressure drop
<0.52 kPa (0.075 psid) at 600 sccm of air
at 101.3 kPa (14.7 psia)
Temperature range
15 to 40 C (59 to 104 F)
Internal leakage
<0.25 sccm of air at 104.7 kPa (15.2 psid)
Power supply
28 Vdc
Power consumption
20 W peak during activation (<1 sec).
226
Dimensions
33 mm (1.3 in) diameter by 59.4 mm
(2.3 in) length
Mass
0.15 kg (0.33 lb)
Pressure drop
18 Pa at 600 sccm (0.07 in H2O) airflow rate.
The APM THC provides control of the atmosphere temperature and humidity, and circulates the atmosphere within the module and ventilates it to the USOS
through Node 2. The APM THC subsystem is shown
schematically in figure 167. The APM design cabin heat
loads are based on 220 W sensible from IMV plus three
people working heavily. The maximum cabin heat load on
the air loop is 1,300 W sensible and 360 W latent at 18 C
(65 F), including the maximum heat leak from the
ISPRs. The cabin airflow rate into the cabin through the
supply diffusers is 408 m3/hr (240 cfm).
The atmospheric temperature in the cabin is maintained within the range of 18 to 27 C (65 to 80 F). The
atmosphere temperature setpoint is selectable by the flight
or ground crew and the setpoint can be controlled within
1 C (2 F). The atmosphere RH is monitored by water
vapor pressure sensors.
227
110.0 mm
(4.3 in)
Max
88.6 mm
(3.5 in)
Max
71.9 mm
(2.39 in)
Dia
4.83 mm
40.0 mm (0.2 in)
Max
(1.6 in)
Max
127.0 mm
(5.0 in)
Max
Electrical
Connector
NATC00T11N35PA
FLOW
Inlet Port
MS24385G2
Outlet Port
MS24385G2
Electrical
Connector
NATC00T11N36PN
110.0 mm Max
(4.3 in)
59.4 mm
(2.3 in)
33.0 mm
(1.5 in)
FIGURE 163.MPLM SDS sample line filter (from MPLM ECLS S/S Design Report, MLMRPAI0084,
Alenia Spazio, 8 February 1995).
228
Dimensions
The sensor body is 47.5 mm in length
by 19.1 mm diameter (1.87 in length
by 0.75 in diameter)
The sensor probe is 52.1 mm in length
by 3.3 mm diameter (2.05 in length by 0.13 in
diameter)
Mass
50 g (0.11 lb)
Sensor resistance
1,000 1 ohms at 0 C (32 F)
Accuracy
0.55 C (1 F)
Input current
1 mA dc.
229
Legend
ELM
JEM
Truss
Z1 Truss
Russian
Segment
PMA1
Centrifuge
Cupola
P
Node 1
A
PMA2
Node 2
Lab
A
Flight
Direction
Hab
MPLM
APM
Airlock
PMA3
IMV Fan
Avionics Air Assembly
,
,
,,
AAA
Closed
IMV Muffler
IMV Inlet Screen
IMV Diffuser
,
,
,,
Cap
Linear Diffuser
Temperature Sensor
LS
Liquid Sensor
Flow Restrictor
230
function. The Temperature Control Valve (TCV) is controlled by Cabin Temperature Controller Units (CTCU).
The THC control law is embedded in the CTCU,
commanding the TCV on the basis of atmosphere
temperature sensor readings and the relevant set-point.
The cabin atmosphere temperature, RH, and water
carryover are monitored.
JEMELM
ELMC 1
Stowage
ELMC 2
Stowage
,
,
JEM
N
,
P
ELMS 2
Stowage
ELMF 1
Stowage
ELMF 2
Stowage
,
,,
,
ELMS 1
Stowage
ELMP 1
Stowage
ELMP 2
Stowage
JEM-PM
Z
ELM
P
AAA
JEM C4
JEM C3
JEM C2
JEM C1
DMS 1
User Storage
System
Storage 2
System
Storage 1
DMS 2
AAA
T T
AAA
,, ,,
,,
JEM C5
AAA
JEM S6
JEM S5
JEM S4
JEM S3
JEM S2
JEM S1
AAA
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (LS)
ISPR (LS)
,
,,,
,, ,,
,, ,,
,, ,,
,, ,,
,, ,
AAA
AAA
JEM F6
JEM F5
JEM F4
JEM F3
JEM F2
JEM F1
ECLSS/TCS 2
EPS 2
JEM System
Storage
User Storage
EPS 1
ECLSS/TCS 1
AAA
Node 2
AAA
JEM P6
JEM P5
JEM P4
JEM P3
JEM P2
JEM P1
ISPR (MIL)
Workbench
Workstation
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (LS)
ISPR (LS)
231
APM
APMC1
APMC2
APMC3
APMC4
ISPR
ISPR
Stowage
Stowage
APMS1
APMS2
APMS3
APMS4
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
Node 2
,
,
,, ,
,,,,
, ,,
T T T
APMF1
APMF2
APMF3
APMF4
Subfloor
Subfloor
Subfloor
Stowage
T T T
APMP1
APMP2
APMP3
APMP4
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
MPLM
MLC1
MLC2
MLC3
MLC4
Passive
Resupply
Passive
Resupply
Passive
Resupply
Passive
Resupply
,
,,
,,
,,,
,,
Z
MLS1
MLS2
Refrigerator/ Refrigerator/
Freezer
Freezer
MLS3
MLS4
Passive
Resupply
Passive
Resupply
Node 2
MLF1
MLF2
MLF3
MLF4
Refrigerator/
Freezer
Passive
Resupply
Passive
Resupply
Passive
Resupply
,,
,,
,,
MLP1
MLP2
Refrigerator/ Refrigerator/
Freezer
Freezer
MLP3
MLP4
Passive
Resupply
Passive
Resupply
232
Supply Fan
Supply
Muffler
DP
TP3
M
A
,
,
,
Restrictor
Return
Muffler
TP2
Split
IMV
Shutoff
Valve
SS
Smoke
Sensor
DP
CHX
Liquid
Loop
CORE
Sensor
#1& #2
TCV
Slurper Return
Filter
DP
DP
Sensor #1&
#2
TT
T
Restrictors
Condensate Line
Return Fan
DP
T
A
Slurper Supply
CORE
Cap 1
Norm.
Removed
DP
TP4
CHX
Liquid
Loop
Condensate
Air Return
From
Subfloor
Electronic
Unit #1
Unit #2
CTCU
Unit #1
Unit #2
Condensate
DP
TP1
Supply
Filter
TCS I/F
Fluid Connector
Male Part
Fwd Cone
DP
Cabin
Fan
Condensate Water
Separator CWSA
CHX/Filter
SS
DP
IMV
Shutoff
Valve
Humidity Sensor
#1 & #2
Cabin Muffler
FIGURE 167.APM THC subsystem functional schematic (from ECLSS TIM, APM ECLSS
presentation, Houston, TX, 24 to 28 July 1995).
|
,
z
y
|zy,{
|z
Temperature
Sensor
Duct Wall
or Panel
233
IMV
Motor/Manual IMV Valves (four)
Manual Damper Valves to provide
conditioned air to the ELM (two)
IMV Ducting and Diffusers
Water
Out
TCS I/F
Fluid
Water
Connector
In
628 m3/hr
Delta p Sensor
(369 cfm)
Supply
p
Filter
CHX
Core 1
CHX
Core 2
Slurper
Out
WS 1
M M
Air to Cabin
628 m3/hr
(369 cfm)
CTCU
Unit #1
Unit #2
Condensate
Cabin Fan
383 m3/hr
(225 cfm)
Condensate
IMV Return
245 m3/hr
(144 cfm)
TCV
Slurper
Out
Slurper
Return
CWSA I/F
T
A
WS 2
A
T
Filter
FIGURE 169. APM THC CHX Schematic (from ECLSS TIM, APM ECLSS presentation, Houston, TX,
24 to 28 July 1995).
234
External Case
Fixed Frames
Adjustable Cylinder
(Only One Shown)
Dissected View
The entire subsystem is controlled by an 8-bit computer processing unit (CPU), cooled by a coldplate on the
MTL coolant loop, that provides the following functions:
Communications
Equipment control
Status monitor
BIT
Isometric View
235
Metric Units
Range
Accuracy
Operating Environment
Temperature
Pressure
Power
Data
U.S. Units
0 to 50C
0.5C
0 to 122 F
1 F
0 to 50 C
1.9107 to 14.9 psia
28 Vdc
0 to 5 Vdc (Analog)
0 to 122 F
1.3106 to 102.7 kPa
28 Vdc
0 to 5 Vdc (Analog)
T2a T2b
,,
,,
(Bypass)
P2a
LS1
N1
CHX
SL
FAN
PF
(To Diffuser)
TCV
T4
T3
WS
THC
Control
T1a
T1b
CP
LS2
WS Air Outlet
N2
Installed in
Return Grille
P1
Low-Temp. Coolant
Mid-Temp. Coolant
Condensate
Symbol/Abbreviation
B/PF
TCV
CHX
SL
WS
CP
Bacteria/Particulate Filter
Temperature Control Valve
Cabin Heat Exchanger
Slurper
Water Separator
Cold Plate
T
P
Temperature Sensor
Differential Pressure Sensor
Pressure Sensor
Speed Sensor
LS
S
236
Liquid Sensor
Solenoid Valve
Check Valve
ORU
Insulation
InAir
Slurper
Air Outlet
OutAir
See Detail
of Slurper
(Below)
To Water
Separator
Mixture of Air
and Condensate
from CHX
Pitot Tube
Condensate to
ISS Wastewater Line
Core
Slurper Holes
Water Separator
Air Fins
Slurper
Air
Coolant
To Water Separator
Detail of Slurper
237
238
Fan Performance
Operating Point A
Operating Point B
Operating Point C
Airflow Rate
Pressure Rise
ELMPS
JEM PM
THC
420
(247 cfm)
420 m3/hr
(247 cfm)
ELM Fan
ELM Fan
IMV
(Ambient Air)
IMV
JEM PM
IMV
260
m3/hr
X (153 cfm)
260 m3/hr
(153 cfm)
540 m3/hr
(318 cfm)
ELMPS
m3/hr
540 m3/hr
(318 cfm)
THC
THC
540 m3/hr
(318 cfm)
IMV
260 m3/hr
(153 cfm)
X
260 m3/hr
(153 cfm)
(Cool Air)
800 m3/hr
540 m3/hr
THC (471 cfm)
(318 cfm)
Units
Range
Dewpoint (1)
Total Pressure (1) (3)
ppO2 (1)
ppCO2 (1) (nominal)
ppCO2 (1) (crew exchange)
RH
Trace Contaminants (2)
Particulates (Daily Average) (0.5 to 100 m)
C ( F)
hPa (psia)
hPa (psia)
mmHg
mmHg
Percent
ppm
PC/m3 (PC/ft3)
Notes:
(1) Atmosphere composition in the JEM is controlled by the USOS according to SSP 41000, section 3.
(2) Trace contaminants are controlled in the JEM by the USOS according to NHB 8060.1B.
(3) The transient pressure range is 95.8 to 104.7 kPa (13.9 to 15.2 psia).
239
240
3.3.1 APM AR
The APM AR subsystem provides atmosphere
samples to the USOS for analysis and removes airborne
particulates and microorganisms by HEPA filters (that are
part of the THC subsystem) as described in the following
sections.
From Fwd
Endcone
(x, y)
From Fwd
Endcone
(x, +y)
From Fwd
Endcone To Fwd
(x, +y) Endcone
S
(x, y)
To S/O
(y, +z)
From
IMV
Supply
To Cabin
To Cabin
From Cabin
From Cabin
S/O (+y, z)
S/O (y,z)
z
Upper
Port
S = Smoke Sensor
Starboard
Lower
3.3.2 JEM AR
The JEM AR subsystem provides atmosphere
samples to the USOS for analysis and removes airborne
241
Legend
ELM
JEM
Truss
Z1 Truss
Russian
Segment
PMA1
Centrifuge
Cupola
P
Node 1
A
Flight
Direction
Hab
PMA2
Node 2
Lab
S
MPLM
APM
Airlock
PMA3
Non-Propulsive Vent
Feedthrough
,
,
Filter
Flex Hose
O2
Manual Valve
,,
Sample Port
Oxygen Partial Pressure Sensor
CO2
H2O
Sample Probe
242
PM AR components:
Solenoid/manual valve (two)
Manual valve (one)
Sample lines
Sample probe/filter.
ELMPS AR components:
Solenoid/manual valve
Sample lines
Sample probe/filter.
JEMELM
ELMC 1
Stowage
ELMC 2
Stowage
ELMS 1
Stowage
ELMS 2
Stowage
ELMF 1
Stowage
ELMF 2
Stowage
ELMP 1
Stowage
ELMP 2
Stowage
JEM
N
To
Cabin
Air
Supply
JEMPM
Z
ELM
JEM C5
JEM C4
JEM C3
JEM C2
JEM C1
DMS 1
User Storage
System
Storage 2
System
Storage 1
DMS 2
JEM S6
JEM S5
JEM S4
JEM S3
JEM S2
JEM S1
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (LS)
ISPR (LS)
JEM F6
JEM F5
JEM F4
JEM F3
JEM F2
JEM F1
ECLSS/TCS 2
EPS 2
EPS 1
ECLSS/TCS 1
JEM P6
JEM P5
ISPR (MIL)
Workbench
JEM P4
JEM P3
JEM P2
JEM P1
ISPR (LS)
ISPR (LS)
To IMV
Return
Node 2
243
APM
APMC1
APMC2
APMC3
APMC4
ISPR
ISPR
Stowage
Stowage
APMS1
APMS2
APMS3
APMS4
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
,,
To Cabin
Air Ducting
Node 2
APMF1
APMF2
APMF3
APMF4
Subfloor
Subfloor
Subfloor
Stowage
APMP1
APMP2
APMP3
APMP4
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
MPLM
MLC1
MLC2
MLC3
MLC4
MLS1
MLS2
MLS3
MLS4
MLF1
MLF2
MLF3
MLF4
MLP1
MLP2
MLP3
MLP4
Node 2
244
3.3.3 MPLM AR
The MPLM AR subsystem provides atmosphere
samples to the USOS for analysis and provides for
depressurization of the MPLM as described in the
following sections.
245
Legend
ELM
JEM
Truss
Z1 Truss
Russian
Segment
PMA1
Centrifuge
Cupola
Node 1
A
PMA2
Node 2
Lab
A
Flight
Direction
Hab
MPLM
APM
Airlock
PMA3
Suppression Port
Portable Fire Extinguisher
Smoke Detector
Portable Breathing Apparatus
Visual Indicator (LED)
1
246
JEMELM
ELMC 1
Stowage
ELMC 2
Stowage
ELMS 1
Stowage
ELMS 2
Stowage
ELMF 1
Stowage
ELMF 2
Stowage
ELMP 1
Stowage
ELMP 2
Stowage
JEM
N
JEMPM
Z
ELM
JEM C5
JEM C4
JEM C3
JEM C2
JEM C1
DMS 1
User Storage
System
Storage 2
System
Storage 1
DMS 2
JEM S6
JEM S5
JEM S4
JEM S3
JEM S2
JEM S1
ISPR (MIL)
1
ISPR (MIL)
1
ISPR (MIL)
1
ISPR (MIL)
1
ISPR (LS)
1
ISPR (LS)
1
JEM F6
JEM F5
JEM F4
JEM F3
JEM F2
JEM F1
ECLSS/TCS 2
EPS 2
JEM System
Storage
User Storage
EPS 1
ECLSS/TCS 1
JEM P6
JEM P5
JEM P4
JEM P3
JEM P2
JEM P1
ISPR (MIL)
1
Workbench
Workstation
ISPR (MIL)
1
ISPR (LS)
1
ISPR (LS)
1
Node 2
247
APM
APMC1
APMC2
APMC3
APMC4
ISPR
ISPR
Stowage
Stowage
< Located
downstream of
cabin fans
< Located
downstream of
IMV return fan
Node 2
APMS1
APMS2
APMS3
APMS4
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
APMF1
APMF2
APMF3
APMF4
Subfloor
Subfloor
Subfloor
Stowage
APMP1
APMP2
APMP3
APMP4
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
MLC3
MLC4
MPLM
MLC1
MLC2
MLS1
MLS2
MLS3
MLS4
MLF1
MLF2
MLF3
MLF4
MLP1
MLP2
MLP3
MLP4
Note: PFE's
and PBA's are
dragon; i.e.,
they remain
on orbit and are
"dragged" in to
the MPLM while it
is on orbit.
Node 2
248
Fire detection
Smoke detectors (four)
Fire suppression
PFEs (two)
PBAs (two)
Fire panels (two)
Fire ports (TBD).
Fire detection
Smoke detectors (two)
Fire suppression
PFEs (one)
PBAs (two)
Fire ports (TBD).
249
3.5.1 APM WM
The APM is not required to provide WM.
250
3.5.2 JEM WM
The JEM is not required to provide WM.
3.5.3 MPLM WM
The MPLM is not required to provide WM.
SD
CO2
SD
SD
System
Storage 1
System
Storage 2
PM Storage
1 (EDRTS)
M
DMS1
SD
5/8 in ID
3
SD
SD
SD M
SD M
SD
WS
SD
THC1/TCS1 EPS1
SD
SD
ISPR (MTL)
SD
THC2/TCS2
CO2
CO2
P
NC
NC
5/8 in ID
5/8 in ID
5/8 in ID
CO2
5/8 in ID
5/8 in ID
CO2
Storage
Fwd
Storage
5/8 in ID
CO2
CO2
SD M
ISPR (Life) ISPR (Life) ISPR (MTL) ISPR (MTL) ISPR (MTL) ISPR (MTL)
DMS2
Line Sizes:
Fire suppression lines are 5/8 in ID
Storage
Stbd
Storage
A/L Press/
Aft Port
Floor Zone Depress
Equip.
SD M
Airlock
Aft Stbd
Floor Standoff
SD M
HX
Storage
Port
Storage
Hatch
Hatch
Storage
Aft
Storage
Hatch
Hatch
Hatch
251
Z
Fire Suppression
Containment Panels
FSP
X
Y
FSP's
Fi
181 (NEW)
Condensate lines:
Deliver condensate from THC units 1 and 2
to USOS wastewater bus
1.27 cm (0.5 in) ID lines.
252
Legend
ELM
JEM
Truss
Z1 Truss
Russian
Segment
PMA1
Centrifuge
Cupola
P
Node 1
A
PMA2
Node 2
Lab
A
S
Flight
Direction
Hab
MPLM
APM
Airlock
PMA3
Potable Water
Flex Hose
Wastewater
Feedthrough
Fuel-Cell Water
Manual Valve
Non-Propulsive Vent
Check Valve
Heater
T
Temperature Sensor
253
JEMELM
ELMC 1
Stowage
ELMC 2
Stowage
ELMS 1
Stowage
ELMS 2
Stowage
ELMF 1
Stowage
ELMF 2
Stowage
ELMP 1
Stowage
ELMP 2
Stowage
JEM
N
JEMPM
Z
ELM
JEM C5
JEM C4
JEM C3
JEM C2
JEM C1
DMS 1
User Storage
System
Storage 2
System
Storage 1
DMS 2
JEM S6
JEM S5
JEM S4
JEM S3
JEM S2
JEM S1
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (MIL)
ISPR (LS)
ISPR (LS)
JEM F6
JEM F5
JEM F4
JEM F3
JEM F2
JEM F1
ECLSS/TCS 2
EPS 2
EPS 1
ECLSS/TCS 1
JEM P6
JEM P5
ISPR (MIL)
Workbench
JEM P4
JEM P3
JEM P2
JEM P1
ISPR (LS)
ISPR (LS)
254
Node 2
APM
APMC1
APMC2
APMC3
APMC4
ISPR
ISPR
Stowage
Stowage
APMS1
APMS2
APMS3
APMS4
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
Node 2
APMF1
APMF2
APMF3
APMF4
Subfloor
Subfloor
Subfloor
Stowage
APMP1
APMP2
APMP3
APMP4
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
ISPR
MPLM
MLC1
MLC2
MLC3
MLC4
MLS1
MLS2
MLS3
MLS4
MLF1
MLF2
MLF3
MLF4
MLP1
MLP2
MLP3
MLP4
Node 2
255
3.7.1 APM VS
The APM VS subsystem has separate vacuum resource and waste gas exhaust lines for each port and starboard payload rack, as shown in figure 186. Pressure in
the vacuum lines is monitored by two types of sensors:
3.7.2 JEM VS
256
P/L Rack
Level
P/L Rack
Level
P/L Rack
Level
Ceiling Racks
Venting Line 2 in OD
P/L Rack
Level
P/L Rack
Level
VPS 7
Rough Vacuum
Pressure Sensor
RVPS 2 P
P/L Rack
Level
Lateral Racks
VPS 4
Pressure Sensor
Fwd Cone
VPS
6
VPS
3
Waste
Gas
Exhaust
VPS 5
Vent Line
to Space
VPS 2
M
Vacuum
Resource
Vacuum
Aft Cone
Vacuum Line 2 in OD
Venting
Venting Line 2 in OD
Vacuum
Line
to Space
P/L Rack
Level
P/L Rack
Level
P/L Rack
Level
Lateral Racks
Motorized Valve
P/L Payload
FIGURE 186.APM vacuum services subsystem functional schematic (from ECLSS TIM, APM ECLSS presentation,
Houston, TX, 24 to 28 July 1995).
3.7.3 MPLM VS
This capability is not required in the MPLM.
257
258
Flowrate
0 to 16.3 kg/hr (0 to 36 lb/hr)
Purity
95 percent by volume.
Manual valves
Provide isolation of N2, waste gas,
and vacuum lines
Valves have on/off position indicators
Foreward Endcone
D/BQD Male Part
Rack I/F
Male QD
N2 I/F to TCS with Rack Internal Line
in Subfloor Racks
Rack I/F
Male QD
N2
QD
FIGURE 187.APM nitrogen supply subsystem functional schematic (from ECLSS TIM, APM ECLSS presentation,
Houston , TX, 24 to 28 July 1995).
259
PM
Airlock Pressurization and Depressurization Equipment
,,
To TBD
Location
Dehydrator
,
,
From Cabin
Air Return
Duct
Space
Airlock
Vacuum
Pump
To Cabin
Air Return
Duct
260
Vacuum pump:
Supports EAL pump-down
Receives cooling from MTL
Fan:
Propels air through the dehydrator
May support air circulation within the EAL
Dehydrator:
Provides dry pressurization gases to the EAL
4.1 PPRA
The PPRA includes redundant valves to provide
single failure tolerance for both opening and closing
of the valves. The PPRA is described further in section
3.1.1.3.
5.3 in
Jumper
Assembly
,,,
,
Heater
Vent Section
(Removeable)
,
,
,,,
Double Seal
, ,
, ,
Bulkhead
Seals
MS Connection
Valve
Male
Coupling
261
262
263
264
Hatch Closed
Hatch Open
MPEV
101.3 kPa
(14.7 psia)
Node 2(1)
0 kPa (0 psia)
Vestibule
BIBLIOGRAPHY
CHAPTER I: LIVING TOGETHER IN SPACE: THE DESIGN AND OPERATION
OF THE LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS ON THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
Ames to Buy Station Centrifuge, Biological Research Facility, Space Business News, 29 November, 1995.
D6841021001, Respond to Emergency Conditions Capability Description Document, Boeing, 1 November, 1995.
D6841050831, Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) Architecture Description Document, Volume 3, ECLS
Integration and Planning, Book 1 Verification Plan, Revision A, Boeing, 31 May, 1996.
ECLS Verification Working Group, Lab Verification Plan, Boeing PG3, 24 May, 1996.
ESA/ISA/NASA ECLS TIM Minutes, Technical Interchange Meeting, JSC, Houston, TX, 2428 July, 1995.
Interim Design Review 1 presentation by Dr. Grigorov, 22 March, 1995.
Mini-Pressurized Logistics Module PDR Data Package, Alenia Spazio S.p.A., 1993.
Mini-Pressurized Logistics Module, Alenia Spazio, S.p.A., presentation at JSC, Houston, TX, May, 1996.
MLMRPAI0019. MPLM Baseline Configuration Report, Alenia Spazio, S.p.A., 30 April, 1996
MLMTNAI0185, Mini-Pressurized Logistics Module, Alenia Spazio, S.p.A., 7 May, 1996.
S68329523D, Prime Item Development Specification for United States Laboratory, 28 March, 1995.
Saiidi, Mohammed, ECLS Verification Working Group, Introduction, Boeing, 35 June, 1996.
Shibanov, G.P., ed., English-Russian Dictionary on Spacecraft ECLSS, NPO Energia, 1994.
SSP 30255, Baseline Configuration Document, Volume 2: Flight Element Configurations, Part 6: ESA Columbus
Attached Pressurized Module, Draft 1, 25 May, 1993.
SSP 41000B, System Specification for the International Space Station Alpha: Type 1, 1 November, 1994.
SSP 41160, Segment Specification for the European Space Agency Attached Pressurized Module, 22 March, 1994.
SSP 41162B, Segment Specification for the United States On-Orbit, 28 March, 1995.
SSP 41163, Russian Segment Specification, 27 September, 1994.
SSP 41164, Italian Mini-Pressurized Logistics Module Segment Specification, 19 March, 1994.
SSP 41165, Segment Specification for the Japanese Experiment Module, 9 March, 1994.
SSP 42007, United States On-Orbit Segment to Italian Mini-Pressurized Logistics Module Interface Control Document,
Revision D.
265
SSP 42121, U.S. On-Orbit Segment Pressurized Mating Adapter-1 to Russian Segment FGB Interface Control Document
Part 1, 26 August, 1994.
SSP 50037, Baseline Configuration Document, multiple volumes, 1995 dates for each volume.
CHAPTER II: THE UNITED STATES ON-ORBIT SEGMENT
AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL AND LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEM
Atmosphere Revitalization Subsystem Description MTC Configuration, Rev A, D683150031, Boeing Defense
and Space Group, 26 February 1993.
D683150071, Atmosphere Control and Supply Subsystem Description MTC Configuration, Boeing, Rev. A,
March 1993.
D6841020301, Control Atmospheric Pressure Capability Description Document, Boeing, 8 August 1995.
D6841020401, Condition Atmosphere Capability Description Document, Boeing, 8 August 1995.
D6841021001, Respond to Emergency Conditions Capability Description Document, Boeing, 8 August 1995.
D6841021601, Control Internal Carbon Dioxide and Contaminants Capability Description Document, Boeing,
8 August 1995.
D6841021701, Provide Water Capability Description Document, Boeing, 8 August 1995.
D68410508, ECLS Architectural Description Document, Volume 3, ECLS Integration and Planning Book 1, Verification
Plan, 31 May 1996.
D684105081, Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) Architectural Description Document, Boeing
Company, 23 March 1994.
Limerco, Thomas; Jay Cross; John Brokenshire; Colin Cumming; Gary Eiceman; Ed Overton; Ken Carney; and John James:
A Volatile Organic Analyzer for Space Station: Description and Evaluation of a Gas Chromatograph/Ion Mobility Spectrometer, paper number SAE 921385, 22nd International Conference on Environmental Systems, Seattle, WA,
July 1316, 1992.
LMSC/F369707, Rev. E, Vol II, Maintainability Program Source Data, Trace Containment Control Subassembly, Lockheed
Missiles and Space Company, Inc., Space Systems Division, 4 August 1992.
McKinnie, James M., Russian-US Life Support Software Interaction, U.S.-Russian Technical Interchange Meeting #15,
JSC/MOD, 14 September 1995.
Perry, Jay, Analysis of the Capability of the U.S. and Russian Trace Contaminant Control System to Meet Cabin
Atmosphere Quality Standards, MSFC memo ED62(3694), 16 August 1994.
Presentations from the ECLSS technical briefing, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, 2 March 1995.
Presentations from the ECLSS technical briefing, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, 12 October 1994.
Space Station Freedom, Temperature and Humidity Control (THC) Subsystem Critical Design Review (CDR),
United Technologies Hamilton Standard, 17 August 1995.
Specification Number S68310142, Prime Item Development Specification for the Airlock, International Space Station
Alpha, Boeing Company, 15 April 1994.
266
Specification Number S68329521, Prime Item Development Specification for Habitation Element A (Hab A), Boeing
Company, 29 September 1994.
Specification Number S68329523D, Prime Item Development Specification for United States Laboratory, International
Space Station Configuration Item Number, 683400A, Boeing Company, 28 March 1995.
SSP 41000B, System Specification for the International Space Station Alpha, Boeing Defense and Space Group,
1 November 1994.
SSP 5001101, Concept of Operation and Utilization, Volume 1: Principles, Rev. B, 19 October 1994.
SSP 50104, Portable Breathing Apparatus Standard Interface Control Document, 1 May 1995.
SSHDBK0001, Vol. 2, Draft 8.
Thompson, C.E., Maintainability Program Source Data, Trace Contaminant Control Subassembly, Lockheed Missiles
and Space Company, Space Systems Division, LMSC/F369707, Revision E, Volume 2, 4 August 1992.
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D6831471917, Boeing, 20 December 1996
U.S. Lab Architecture Control Document, Volume 8: Fire Detection and Suppression, Revision New, D6831471918,
Boeing, 13 December 1996.
CHAPTER III: THE EUROPEAN, JAPANESE, AND ITALIAN SEGMENTS
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL AND LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Balocco, P., APM ECLSS Presentation, ECLSS Technical Interchange Meeting, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, 24
28 July 1995.
Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) and Experiment Logistics Module (ELM) ECLSS Technical Briefing, Arthur Y. Hsu,
Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, 23 February 1995.
MLMRPAI0084, MPLM ECLS S/S Design Report, Alenia Spazio S.P.A., 8 February 1995.
MLMRPAI0084, MPLM ECLS S/S Design Report, Issue 03, 8 February 1995.
MLMSSAI0026, MPLM ECLS S/S Specification, Issue 03, 8 February 1995.
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Pressurized Module, EuroColumbus, European Space Agency, 1993.
SSP 41160, Segment Specification for the European Space Agency Attached Pressurized Module, 22 March 1994.
SSP 41164, Italian Mini-Pressurized Logistics Segment, 19 March 1994.
SSP 41165, Segment Specification for the Japanese Experiment Module, 9 March 1994.
267
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2. REPORT DATE
January 1998
Technical Memorandum
5. FUNDING NUMBERS
P. O. Wieland
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAMES(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
REPORT NUMBER
M763
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AGENCY REPORT NUMBER
NASA/TM1998206956/VOL1
Subject Category 54
UnclassifiedUnlimited
Standard Distribution
13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)
The International Space Station (ISS) incorporates elements designed and developed by an
international consortium led by the United States (U.S.), and by Russia. For this cooperative effort to
succeed, it is crucial that the designs and methods of design of the other partners are understood sufficiently
to ensure compatibility. Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) is one system in which functions
are performed independently on the Russian Segment (RS) and on the U.S./international segments. This
document describes, in two volumes, the design and operation of the ECLS Systems (ECLSS) on board the
ISS. Volume I is divided into three chapters. Chapter I is a general overview of the ISS, describing the
configuration, general requirements, and distribution of systems as related to the ECLSS, and includes
discussion of the design philosophies of the partners and methods of verification of equipment. Chapter II
describes the U.S. ECLSS and technologies in greater detail. Chapter III describes the ECLSS in the
European Attached Pressurized Module (APM), Japanese Experiment Module (JEM), and Italian MiniPressurized Logistics Module (MPLM). Volume II describes the Russian ECLSS and technologies in greater
detail. These documents present thorough, yet concise, descriptions of the ISS ECLSS.
15. NUMBER OF PAGES
Unclassified
268
NSN 7540-01-280-5500
Unclassified
Unclassified
TBD
302
16. PRICE CODE
A03
A14
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Unlimited
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