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SS1LM
What |s the Card|ovascu|ar
System?
- Also known as Lhe clrculaLory sysLem
- ls a sysLem of Lhe body comprlsed of Lhe hearL
Lhe blood and Lhe blood vessels
- 8esponslble for LransporLlng blood
- As Lhe cardlovascular sysLem moves blood
LhroughouL Lhe body cells recelve oxygen and
nuLrlenLs Carbon dloxlde and oLher wasLes are
removed from Lhe body as well
1nL 8LCCD VLSSLLS
- 1he cotJlovoscolot system has Lhree Lypes of blood vessels
- Attetles (and ottetloles) carry blood away from Lhe hearL
- coplllotles where nuLrlenL and gas exchange occur
- velos (and veooles) carry blood Loward Lhe hearL
8LCCD VLSSLLS
1he walls of arLerles and velns have Lhree layers 1he lnner layer
ls composed largely of endoLhellum wlLh a basemenL
membrane LhaL has elasLlc flbers Lhe mlddle layer ls smooLh
muscle Llssue Lhe ouLer layer ls connecLlve Llssue (largely
collagen flbers) ArLerles (on lefL) have a Lhlcker wall Lhan velns
because Lhey have a larger mlddle layer Lhan velns Caplllary
walls (cenLer) are onecellLhlck endoLhellum velns (on rlghL)
are larger ln dlameLer Lhan arLerles so LhaL collecLlvely velns
have a larger holdlng capaclLy Lhan arLerles
1he Arter|es
- Attetles and arLerloles Lake blood away from Lhe hearL
- 1he largesL arLery ls Lhe ootto
- 1he mlddle layer of an arLery wall conslsLs of smootb moscle
LhaL can consLrlcL Lo regulaLe blood flow and blood pressure
- Attetloles can consLrlcL or dllaLe changlng blood pressure
1he Cap|||ar|es
- coplllotles have walls only one cell Lhlck Lo allow exchange of
gases and nuLrlenLs wlLh Llssue fluld
- Caplllary beds are presenL ln all reglons of Lhe body buL noL all
caplllary beds are open aL Lhe same Llme
- ConLracLlon of a spbloctet moscle closes off a bed and blood
can flow Lhrough an ottetloveooos sboot LhaL bypasses Lhe
caplllary bed
ANA1CM CI A CAILLAk 8LD
A caplllary bed forms a maze of caplllary vessels LhaL lles
beLween an arLerlole and a venule When sphlncLer muscles are
relaxed Lhe caplllary bed ls open and blood flows Lhrough Lhe
caplllarles When sphlncLer muscles are conLracLed blood flows
Lhrough a shunL LhaL carrles blood dlrecLly from an arLerlole Lo
a venule As blood passes Lhrough a caplllary ln Lhe Llssues lL
glves up lLs oxygen (C
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) 1herefore blood goes from belng C
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