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email: bouras@cti.gr
http://ru6.cti.gr/bouras/

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VIDEO
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:
http://ru6.cti.gr/bouras/tilematiki.php

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(,
, ,
..)

email: bouras@cti.gr
http://ru6.cti.gr/bouras/

(1/3)

(2/3)

( )

( )

( )

(3/3)



To
IP (Internet Protocol)


:




(
).

(1/2)

 (2/2)

(router):


:




FIFO (First In First Out)

RED (Random Early Detection)
(Fair Queuing
Mechanism)

ICMP (Internet Control

Message Protocol)

10



TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

11

(1/4)

 (2/4)

TCP

(connection
oriented)
TCP

12

 (3/4)

TCP

Tahoe TCP

Reno TCP

New Reno TCP

SACK TCP

Vegas TCP

ECN TCP

13

 (4/4)

UDP




(datagrams) 

,

14

: RTP/RTCP, RTSP,
HTTP, FTP,

15

Unicast
Multicast
Broadcast (IPv4)
Anycast (IPv6)

16

IP Address: 32 bit (Pv4)

:

(network
identifier).



(host identifier).

17

Internet Protocol (IP)

UNICAST:
()
Unicast :

Interior Gateway Protocols



RIP
OSPF

Exterior Gateway Protocols



BGP

18

UNICAST

19

MULTICAST (1/4)

MULTICAST (2/4)

Multicast

20

MULTICAST (3/4)

multicast unicast
4

Unicast
Unicast
3
Unicast
2
Unicast
1

Multicast
2

Multicast
1, 2 3

21

MULTICAST (4/4)

Multicast:
IGMP (Internet Group Membership
Protocol)
PIM (Protocol Independent Multicast)
DVMRP (Distance Vector Multicast
Routing Protocol)
MOSPF (Multicast Open Shortest Path
First)
MBGP (Multicast Border Gateway
Protocol)

22

(Jitter)
Round Trip Time (RTT)

23


(multimedia networking)
,



.

24

(1/2)



(bursty)

25

(2/2)


(1/2)

(
, )

26

:















27

(2/2)

TCP UDP. !!!

QoS

28

throughput
Multicast

TCP

29



RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol)

RTCP (Real-time Transport Control Protocol)






(
)
multicast ,
unicast

(VoD) (videoconference)


,

30

RTP/RTCP

RTCP: RTP.



.





gateways

31

RTCP

RTP (1/2)






,
IP .
:




.

32

:

TCP / IP

.
Y
multicast unicast

33

RTP (2/2)

RTP -

:

34

RTP (1/2)

UDP,
IPX
ATM
connection-oriented (
connection-oriented

connection-less )

35

RTP (2/2)

.




.

36



:

: .


,

(
)

37

RTP -

 RTP (1/2)

Version (2 bits)
Padding (1 bit)
Extension (1 bit)
Contributing Source (CSRC) Identifier (4 bits)
Marker (1 bit)
Payload Type (7 bits)
Sequence Number (16 bits)
Timestamp (32 bits)
Synchronization Source (SSRC) Identifier

:


Contributing Source Identifier

38

 RTP (2/2)
8
V

P X

CC

16

Payload Type

31
Sequence Number

Timestamp
Synchronization Source (SSRC) Identifier
Contribution Source (SSRC) Identifier

..

Contribution Source (SSRC) Identifier

39

 RTP/RTCP

RTP

IP

RTP port number

RTCP port number

40

:



.


,

:

41

(1/3)

:



.

42

(2/3)

 (3/3)

:


,

multicast

unicast.

43

44

45