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3 Trigonometry

Ext3

Extension 1 Write down, without using a calculator, the general solutions, in degrees, of
Exercise 3 these equations.
1 p
a sin x ˆ p b cos x ˆ 1 c tan x ˆ 3
2
1 1
d sin x ˆ 1 e cos x ˆ f tan x ˆ p
2 3
p
3 1
g cos 3x ˆ h sin (x 208) ˆ i tan (3x ‡ 108) ˆ 1
2 2
2 Write down without using a calculator, the general solution, in radians, of these
equations.
1 1
a cos x ˆ b tan x ˆ 1 c sin 2x ˆ
2  2
3 x p 
 x p 1
d cos2 x ˆ e tan ˆ 3 f sin ˆ
4 2 3 4 2
3 Solve, giving the general solution
a sin (x ‡ 308) ˆ 2 cos x
 
p
b sin x ˆ 2 sin x
4
4 a These equations have 0, 1 or 2 solutions in the range 08 4 x 4 3608.
For each equation, state the number of solutions.
p p
i 2 cos y sin y ˆ 5 ii 3 sin y 7 cos y ˆ 5
p p
iii 2 sin y ‡ 3 cos y ˆ 1 iv 4 cos y ‡ 3 sin y ˆ 5
b Explain why an equation of the form
a cos x ‡ b sin x ˆ c
has at most two solutions for 08 4 x < 3608.
p
5 Show that the equation a cos y ‡ b sin y ˆ c has no solution for jcj > a2 ‡ b2 .
6 Find the maximum and minimum values of these expressions, stating the values
of y, from 08 to 3608 inclusive, for which they occur.
p
a 3 2 cos (y ‡ 458) ‡ 7 sin y b cos (y ‡ 608) cos y
7 Prove these identities. (A, B, C are to be taken as the angles of a triangle.)
a sin A ‡ sin (B C) ˆ 2 sin B cos C
b cos A cos (B C) ˆ 2 cos B cos C
A B C
c sin A ‡ sin B ‡ sin C ˆ 4 cos cos cos
2 2 2
d tan A ‡ tan B ‡ tan C ˆ tan A tan B tan C
1 x
8 Simplify arctan x ‡ arctan
1‡x

9 Show that arctan 12 ‡ arctan 15 ‡ arctan 18 ˆ p4 .

A2 Core for Edexcel # Pearson Education Ltd. 2005 1


3 Trigonometry

10 Show that
p p
a tan 158 ˆ 2 3 b tan 22 12 8 ˆ 2 1
11 Suggest suitable domains for the principal values of arccot, arcsec and arccosec.
12 Without using a calculator, find
a cos y, given that y ˆ arccos 45 ‡ arccos 13
5

b sin y, given that y ˆ arcsin 24


25
8
arcsin 17
c tan y, given that y ˆ arctan 14 ‡ arctan 34

13 Without using a calculator, find tan arctan 3 arctan 13 . Show that
a arctan 43 ˆ 2 arctan 12 b arcsin 45 ‡ arctan 34 ˆ p
2

14 Prove, using the method on page 59, that cos (A ‡ B) ˆ cos A cos B sin A sin B.
15 Without using a calculator, find
a tan y, given that y ˆ arctan 14 ‡ arctan 13
b sin y, given that y ˆ arctan 34 ‡ arctan 125
8
c cos y, given that y ˆ arcsin 17 arccos 35
16 Prove that
a arctan 12 ‡ arctan 13 ˆ p
4
b 2 arctan 12 ˆ arctan 43
p
c cos ( arcsin x ‡ 2 arccos x) ˆ 1 x2
17 Solve
a arccos 2x ˆ arcsin x
b arctan (1 x) ‡ arctan (1 ‡ x) ˆ arctan 29
18 The lines y ˆ 2x ‡ 3 and y ˆ 13 x 4 make angles a and b respectively with the
positive direction of the x-axis.
a Find the gradients of the lines.
b Hence, write down tan a and tan b.
c By finding tan (a b), or otherwise, find the angle between the lines.
19 Find the acute angle between each of these pairs of lines, giving the answer in
radians correct to 3 significant figures.
a y ˆ 3x ‡ 1 and y ˆ 4 x
b 2y ‡ x ‡ 7 ˆ 0 and y ‡ 5x ‡ 1 ˆ 0

2 A2 Core for Edexcel # Pearson Education Ltd. 2005


3 Trigonometry

20 A rectangular sheet of paper ABCD is folded as shown in the diagram so that


the corner A lies on BC, where AB ˆ h, AC ˆ k and € DAC ˆ x.
D

Fold

x
B h A k C
k
a Show that ˆ cot x cosec x(1 ‡ cos x).
h
b Given that the rectangle has sides 5 and 10 find h, k and x.
p
c Show that, if the sides of the sheet of paper are in the ratio 1: 2, then
x ˆ 458.
21 a Show that if, in 4ABC, € B is twice € C, then ab2 ˆ c(a2 ‡ b2 c 2 ).
b Given that c ˆ 4, b ˆ 6 and € B ˆ 2  € C, find a.
c Show that if c ˆ 4 and b ˆ 8 it is not possible for € B ˆ 2  € C.
d Explain why ab2 ˆ c(a2 ‡ b2 c 2 ) is a necessary, but not sufficient,
condition for € B ˆ 2  € C.
22 ABCD is a square of side a. Triangle ABE is an equilateral triangle drawn on
AB as base with E outside the square. CE, DE meet AB in P and Q
respectively.
E

A B
Q P

D C
p
Prove that PQ ˆ a(2 3 3).

A2 Core for Edexcel # Pearson Education Ltd. 2005 3

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