]p-kv-X-I-w- c-≠-v / e-°w- ]-Øv- / 2006 G-{]n¬- -/1427 d.

-A-Δ¬-

4 hm-b-\-°m-cp-sS- kw-hm-Zw-
6 Xn-cp-sam-gn-
7 ]-{Xm-[-n-]¿-°v- ]-d-bm-\p-≈-Xv-
19 B-hn-jv-Im-c-kzm-X-{¥y-hpw-- C-kv-em-apw-
˛kn-\m≥.- sI-
29 a-pl-Ω-Zv- \-_n-(-) J-p¿-B-\n-s‚- shf-n-®-Ø-n¬-
- ˛D-kva
- m- ≥- ]m-e°
- m-gn- - Pew, Pohm-arXw:- A-Xn-s\- A-dn-bp-I-;-
kw-c-£n-°p-I-
36 FbvUvkpw- ssew-Kn-I- k-Zm-Nm-c-hpw-
˛i-ao¿- a-Zo-\n-
A-\p-`-hw-
9 ˛Fw.- Fw.- A-Iv-_¿-

39 H-fn-t®m-Sn-b-Xv c-£-m-k-c-Wn-bn-te-°v-
˛\n-km¿- D-Zb
- w-t]-cq¿-
41 tbip ]Tn-∏n® hnizm-k-Im-cy-߃
˛apl-Ω-Zen amÿ
50 hn-ip-≤- ]m-X-
˛ A_q-A-ao≥

Iq-Sn-°m-gv-®-........- 34
z Cu-km-\_ - n-()-bp-sS- {]-Xn-aI - ƒ-s°-Xn-cn¬- ap-kve
- nw-Iƒ-
F-¥p-sI-m≠ - v- {]-Xn-Ic- n-°p-∂n-√?-
z A-hX - m-cß - ƒ- t]m-tc-?-
z C-Xv- C-kve - m-an-s≥-d- ]-cm-Pb - Ø- n-\v- sX-fn-ht√?-
z a-cW
- Z - p-c¥
- h - pw- a-Xh- n-`m-Kh- pw-

Internet Edition: http://www.nicheoftruth.org/samvadam

Printed Published and owned by M.Mohammed Akbar. Printed at Screen Offset printers, Cochin-18. Published at Cochin-19.
Editor M.Mohammed Akbar, Niche of Truth, P.B. No 1981, Vyttila, Cochin-19, Ernakulam, Kerala.

2006 G-{]n¬- 1

{]hm-NI \nμ: a‰p Nne Xe-߃
sU≥am¿°v ]{X-Øn¬ {]kn-≤o-I-
cn-°s - ∏´ Nne Im¿´q-Wp-Iƒ BtKm-fX
e-Øn¬ hnhm-Z-hn-j-b-am-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw
temIØns‚ hnhn-[` - m-Kß - f
hnizmk \ne-]m-Sp-Ifp≈ a\p-jy¿ {]Xn-
I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-t∏mƒ kwhm-Z-ß-
fpsS ]pXnb Nne ]›m-Ø-e-߃ cq-]-
s∏-´p-h-∂n-´p-≈Xv {it≤-b-am-Wv. Bhn-
jvImc kzmX-{¥yw, {]hm-NI hy‡n-Xzw,
{]hm-N-I-\n-ep≈ apkvenw hnizm-k-Øn
s‚ ]cn-[n, aX-k-aq-lß -- ƒ XΩn-ep≈
hnizm-k hyh-lm-c-Øns‚ h¿Ø-am-\-
Ime kz`m-hß - ƒ, aX-ka - q-lß
X-ck- a - q-lß - fpw XΩn-ep≈ Bi-bh
a-bØ - ns‚ {]iv\ß - ƒ F∂n-hs
AØcw kwhmZ ]›m-Øe
Xm-Wv. ]Xn-\mep \q‰m-≠n-e-[n-I-ambn
apkvenwIƒ BZ-c-thmsS ]n¥p-S-cp∂
Hcp amXrIm hy‡n-Xz-amWv apl-ΩZv \
_n()-bp-tS-X.v At±-lØ - n-s\-Xn-cmb hna
¿i-\ßfpw Btcm-]W - ß - fpw ]pØ-cn-b-
√. F∂pw F°m-eØpw {]hm-NI
Xz-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb Ip¬knX \o°-ßfpw
Zpjv{]-N-c-W-ßfpw D≠m-bn-´p-≠v. Ch-
sbms° At±lw hna¿i\w A¿ln-°p
∂ hy‡n-bm-b-Xp-sIm≠v Db¿∂p h∂
kz`m-hnI {]iv\ß - f- √ - . adn®v Ah-bv°p-
]n-∂nse {]tNm-Z\ _nμp-°ƒ At\z-
jn-°p-tºmƒ ]e-]e LS-I-߃ \ap
°p Is≠-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. Ckveman-
s\-Xn-cmb Bib {]N-cW - ß
®-bpw, Ckveman-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ `oXn-bn¬
\n∂v Bhn¿`-hn® \ntj[ {]Xn-I-c-W
ß-fp-sams° Ah-bn-ep-≠v. F∂m¬
h¿Ø-am-\-ImeØns‚ khn-ti-j-amb
am[ya sshIm-cn-I-X-bpsS B[n-]Xyw
{]hm-NI\nμ-bpsS ]pXnb cq]-ßsf
BtKm-fX - e
- Ø- n¬ {]k-cWw sNøp-Ib
apkvenw hncp≤ Xm¬]-cy-ßf
tI-{μ-߃ In´nb kμ¿`w D]-tbm-Kn-°p
I F∂ Xm¬]-cy-tØmsS cwK-Øn-dßn
Ibpw {Iao-Ic - n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂X - n-eqsS
At±lw temI-Øn\p amXr-Ib - mbnØo
¿∂p. (5) a\p-jy-Xzw, tZh-Xzw, ssZhn-I
hm-b-\-°m-cp-sS- Xzw F∂n-hb - ° v n-Sb
- n¬ (C≥km-\n-øØ - ,v
ae-In-ø-Øv, Cem-ln-ø-Øv) \ne-sIm≠
kw-hm-Zw- hy‡n-Xz-h-am-bn-cp∂p apl-ΩZv \_n-bp-
tSXv F∂ Nne apkvenw Nn¥-I≥am-cpsS
A`n-{]m-b-Øn\v Jp¿-B-\ns‚ ]n¥p-W-
bn-√. At±lw ]q¿W-amb C≥km-\n-ø-
Øn¬ Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. (6) a-\p-tjy-Xc
{]h¿Øn-°bpw sNbvX-t∏mƒ ]pXnb krjvSn-b-mb ae-°p-ambn Bi-b-hn-\n-
hnhm-Zß - ƒ°v ]pXnb cq]-`m-hß - f- p-≠m- abw \S-Øn-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xn-\m¬ apl-
ΩZv \_n°v a\p-tjy-X-c-amb hy‡n-Xz-
- - bn. Cu hnhmZ hnj-bØ - ns‚ hym]-Iam
b am[ya {]N-c-W-Øn\p tijw Nne ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂ hmZ-Øn\pw A¿Y-
an-√. Imc-Ww, a\p-jy-cn¬ \n∂p≈ A
- n¬ hnhn[ apkvenw kwL-S-\-Iƒ ]c-kv]cw {]hm-
NI\nμ Btcm-]n®p hcp-∂Xv B\p-Im- √m-lp-hns‚ Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n-eq-sS-bmWv ap
l-ΩZv \_n() {]hm-NI - \ - m-bX- v. (7) {]-
en-Iß- f - n¬ \mw Ct∏mƒ ImWp∂ ImgvN-
bm-Wv. {]hm-N-Is\ kvt\ln-°p-Ibpw hm-N-I-\n¬ ssZhn-IX Btcm-]n-°p-∂-
Xn-te°v \bn-°p-∂X - √- , ilm-ZØv Ien-
hμn-°bpw sNøp-∂-Xns‚ Ckveman-I-
amb am\-ßfpw am\-Z-WvU-ßfpw C\n a-bpsS c≠mw ]Ip-Xn. Aßs\ hniz-
kn-°p-∂-Xn\v \oXn-I-c-W-an-√.
bpw hy‡-am-°-s∏-´n-´n√ F∂v tXm∂n-
∏n-°p-am-dmWv Cu Btcm-]W {]Xym-tcm- ta¬]-c™ am\-Z-WvU-ßsf adn-I-
]-Wß - ƒ hgn-amdn k©-cn-°p-∂X - .v Xß S∂v {]hm-NI - s - \-°p-dn®v hnI-e` - m-h\ - I-
- fpw atX- ƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ N´-°q-Sns\ kw_- ƒ sa\-bp-∂Xpw At±-lØ - n\v- a\p-jy-˛-
- n-\n- ‘n®v A\yq-\X D∂-bn-°p-Ibpw a‰p≈ ssZ-hnI ssZzX hy‡nXzw k¶¬]n-°p-
- bm-s° Nn¥m-KX - n-°msc ]cn-lk - n-°bpw sNøp ∂Xpw {]hm-NI\nμ-bpsS A¿Y--Øn¬
- ß- f - n¬ Nne- ∂ {]hm-N-I-kvt\l kmln-Xy-ß-fn¬ Xs∂-bmWv hcp-∂X - v. {]hm-NIs\ hμn-
NneXp ]t£, sU≥am¿°nse ]{X- t°≠ hn[-Øn¬ hμn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I,
Øn¬ h∂ Im¿´q-Wp-Is - f-°mƒ A]-I- {]hm-N-I-kvt\-l-Øns‚ ]cn-[n-Iƒ A
S-Im-cn-If - m-sW∂ hkvXpX ]ecpw {i≤n- Xn-ew-Ln-®p-sIm≠v `mh-\m-\p-kr-Xa - mbn
°p-∂n-√. {]hm-NI kvt\l-Øns‚ Jp¿- Ipsd-tbsd Imcy-߃ Iq´n-t®¿Øv kv
B-\nI am\-Z-WvU-߃ ap∂n¬ sh®v- t\l-Øn\v ]pXnb km[y-X-Iƒ Is≠-
- h
- y-‡n- Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ \nμ-bp-sSbpw hμ-\Ø - n- ØpI F∂n-hbpw \nμ-bmbnØs∂-bm
s‚bpw taJ-eI - ƒ hy‡-amWv F∂ k Wv ]cy-hk - m-\n-°p-I. {]hm-NI - s\ kvt\
Xyw ]c-kv]cw X¿°n-°p∂ {]hm-NI ln-t°-≠p-∂, BZ-cn-t°-≠p-∂, ]n≥]-
kvt\ln-Iƒ hnkva-cn-°p-∂p. {]hm-N-I t‰-≠p-∂-hn[w hfsc hy‡-ambn hnip
s\∏‰n hnhn[ hmIy-ßf - n-embn hnip≤ ≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. AØcw
Jp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ Xmsg-∏-d-bp ]-cm-a¿i-ßsf kz¥w `mh-\-sIm≠p
∂ hkvXp-XIƒ hnhmZ X¬]-c¿ {i≤n- adn-IS- °
- p-∂h - ¿ {]hm-NI kvt\ln-If - m
t°-≠X - p-≠v: Wv F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv- AwKo-I-cn-°m-h-X-
1) {]hm-NI - ≥ a\pjy≥ am{X-am-bncp- √. hy‡-amb cq]-tc-Jb - p≈ Hcp Imcyw,
- f - psS XpS¿ ∂p. a\p-jy-XzsØ adn-I-S-°p∂ ssZhn- B cq]-tcJ adn-I-S∂p GXm\pw t]¿
IX At±-lØ - n-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. (2)a\p- {]mh¿Øn-Ia - m-°m≥ {ian-°p-tºmƒ B
jy-\m-bn-cn-°sh ssZhnI am¿K-Z¿i-\- Imcy-Øn¬ Ah¿°v bYm¿Y- Xm¬]cy
Øns‚ Poh¬ {]Xn-cq-]a - m-Im≥ At±-l- a
- n√ F∂mWv a\- n-em-t°≠n hcp-∂Xv.
Øn\p km[n®p F∂-XmWv At±-lØ - n {]hm-NI hy‡n-Xz-Øn¬ C√mØ hnti-
s‚ al-Øz- w. (3)ssZhn-IX Ah-Im-is - ∏- j-Wß - ƒ At±-lØ - n\p \¬Ip-I, At±-
Sp-Itbm D∂-bn-°p-Itbm sNømØ efn- l-Øns‚ am\p-jn-IX - b- p-ambn _‘s∏
- pw X-amb Pohn-Xa - m-bn-cp∂p At±-lØ - n-t‚- ´p am{Xw km[y-am-Ip∂ amXr-Im-]c - a- mb
- psS i‡n- Xv. (4) a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ Poh¬ k ]cn-KW - \- I
- sf Xnc-kvIc - n-°pI F∂nh
‘n-Isf ssZhnI am¿K-Z¿i\ {]Imcw sbms° \nμ-bpsS ^ew sNøp-∂-hbm
A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°bpw ssIImcyw sNøp- Wv. {]hm-NI kvt\l-Øns‚ Jp¿-B-
2006 G-{]n¬- 2
\nI cq]-tcJ adn-I-S-°p-∂Xv {]hm-N-I- \n¿W-bn-°m\pw \≥a-Iƒ kzbw Is≠- C-kve - m-an-I- \nbaß-fp-sS-
t\m-Sp≈ kvt\lwsIm≠m-sW∂v AwKo- Øm\pw a\p-jy\v Ah-Im-i-an-s√-∂pw, A-\yq-\X - -
I-cn-°m≥ apkvenwIƒ°v km[n-°ptam? \≥a-bmb Hcp Imcyw kzXm¬]-cy-{]Im
“Imel-cW - s - ∏´” CkvemanI \oXn-
Cs√-∂mWv adp]Sn \¬I-s∏-tS-≠-Xv. cw Aan-Xa - mbn h¿Øn-°m≥ hnizm-kn°v
\ymb hyh-ÿIsf Ah-tl-fn-°p∂
Imc-Ww, Jp¿-B-\ns\ Xnc-kvI-cn®,-v ]‰n-s√∂pw ]d-bp-∂Xv “\≥a-Iƒ A[n-
]m›mXy kwkvIm-c-Øn-\p≈ NqSp≈
{]hm-N-I-t\mSp kvt\lw ImWn-°p∂p I-cn-∏n-°pI; \≥a-bn-te°v thK-Øn¬
adp]-Sn-bmWv \ujm-Zns‚ k-w`- h - w.- Jp¿-
F∂ Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-Øn\p ]n∂n¬ a‰p sN√pI” (C-Ivkm-dp¬ ssJdmØv; A¬
B-\nse \nbahyh-ÿ-Iƒ am‰n-Øn-cp-
Xm¬]-cy-ß-fm-Wp-≠m-hp-I. apkvenw apkm-dA - Øp Ce¬ ssJdm-Ø)v F∂Xn-
Ø-ep-Iƒ-°X - o-Xa - mbn tim`n-®p- \n¬-°p-
kwL-S-\-I-fn¬ NneXv {]hm-NI kvt\ \v- hncp-≤a - √ F∂v thdn´p a\- n-emt°-
∂p-sh-∂-Xn\v sXfn-hm-Wn-Xv. \ΩpsS
l-Øn\v Xß-fp-tSXp am{X-amb Nne ≠-Xp-≠v.
tIc-f° - c - b- n¬ kao] Ime-ßf - n¬ D≠m-
Im¬]-\nI D]m-[n-Iƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p- kz¥-sØ-°mƒ {]hm-NI - s\ kvt\ bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ sIme-hn-fn-Ifpw Acm-
∂p-sh∂Xv Gsd hnNn-{X-ambn tXm∂p- ln-°m≥ I¬]n-°-s∏´ apkvenan\v B P-I-Xz-ßfpw \-ΩpsS \nba \n¿a-m-W-
∂p. hm°n-eq-sS, AXpw Aan-Xa - mb hmIv I¬]-\-bn-eqsS {]hm-N-Is\ Bcm-[n- Ønse A]-cy-m] - X v X
- b- n-te-°mWv hnc¬
t[m-c-Wn--bn-eqsS Dcp-Øn-cn-bp∂ hmtNm- °m-\p≈ Ah-Im-ia - √ \¬I-s∏-´X - v. A Nq≠p-∂X - v. sIme-\S- Ø - nb hy‡n CXn
tSm-]-em-h-Wy-amWv {]hm-NI kvt\l- Ø-cs - amcp Ah-Imiw \¬I-s∏´p F∂ \p ap≥]v ]e Ip‰-Ir-Xy-߃°pw in£-
Øns‚ A¥- s - Ø-sb∂v Nne-sc-¶nepw Xv- Kpcp-Xc- a - mb sX‰n-≤m-cb - m-W.v kvt\l- b-\p-`h- n-®n-´p-s≠∂ ]{X-hm¿Ø \ΩpsS
sX‰n-≤c - n-°p-∂p. a\p-jy-Ip-eØ - n\v amXr- Øn\pw Bcm-[-\-°p-an-S-bn¬ IrXyhpw in£m-\-S-]-Sn-I-fnse ]gp-Xp-I-fn-te-°m
I-bpw temI-P\ - X - ° - m-Ia - m\w A\p-{K-l- kq£-va-hp-amb AXn¿h-c-ºp-Iƒ \n›- Wv ho≠pw hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂-Xv. Ahn-sS
hpw \≥a-bpsS {]mIm-i-tem-IØv Pzen- bn® as‰mcp aXhpw temI-Øn-√. ss{I bpw ico-AØv \nbaw Hcp hgn-Im-´nbm
°p∂ hy‡n-Xz-hp-amb apl-ΩZv \_nsb kvX-h¿ {InkvXp-hns\ kvt\ln-®Xv bn kaq-l-Øn\p ap≥]n¬ Fgp-t∂‰p
a\p-tjy-Xc ]cn-th-jt- ØmsS BZ-cn-°p- Bcm-[-\-bpsS kz`m-h-tØm-sS-bm-Wv. \n¬°p-∂p. IÆn\p ]Icw IÆv, I´-h
tºmƒ AØ-cs - amcp BZ-ch - n-eqsS Ckv lnμp-°ƒ {iocm-as - \bpw {ioIr-jW -v s - \ s‚ Icw tOZn-°pI XpS-ßnb \nba
eman-Im-[ym-]\ - ß - f - psS auen-Ih - i
- ß - ƒ bpw kvt\ln-°p∂p F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xpw hn[n-Iƒ ]utcm-lnXy ssII-SØ - ep-Iƒ-
Xnc-kvI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bmWp sNøp-∂-Xv. AØ-cØ - n-em-Wv. F∂m¬ Cu kvt\l- \S-∂n´pw Hfn™pw sXfn™pw Nmc-Øn-
ImcWw a\p-jy-\m-bn-cn-°sh am\-hX - bv- Øns‚ hnI-e-amb A¿YXe-Øn-te°v \p-≈nse I\¬°-´-Iƒ t]mse CXc
°p amXr-Ib - m-Ip-∂t- Xmfw hnImkw {]m {]hm-NI - k - vt\-lsØ hnen-®n-gs - Im-≠p- thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-fnepw C∂pw {]tim-`n-°p-
]n® hy‡n-Xz-sa∂ \ne-bn-emWv A¥y- t]m-Ip-hm≥ Nne¿ {ian-°p∂p F∂Xv- ∂p-≠v.- ‘\o \ns‚ ssI sX‰v sNøp-hm≥
{]-hm-NI- ≥ al-Xzo-Ic - n-°s - ∏-Sp-∂X - v. adn B›-cy-ap-f-hm-°p∂ A[x-]-X-\-am-Wv. Imc-W° - m-c\ - m-bm¬ B ssI sh´n-am‰n
®v a\p-tjy-Xc - a - mb Hcp AkvXn-Xz-Øns‚ CØ-c-samcp A[-x-]-X-\-Øn¬ \n∂v kz¿K--Øn¬ {]th-in-°p-I. c≠p ssI
Imev]-\nI ]cn-th-j-hp-ambn sX‰mbn {]hm-NI kvt\lsØ c£n-°p-hm-\p≈ tbmsS \c-IØ - n¬ {]th-in-°p-∂X - n-s\-
Nn{Xo-Ic - n-°s - ∏-Sp-tºmƒ a\p-jy-Xb - psS [m¿a-nI _m[yX apkvenwIƒ°p-≠v. °mƒ DØaw H‰-°ø - \ - mbn kz¿K-Øn¬
Poh¬ amXrI F∂ ]cn-KW - \ - °p tIm
kvt\l-Øns‚ ktμ-ih - m-lI - ¿F {]th-in-°pIbm-Wv. \ns‚ IÆv sX‰v
´w X´p-Ib - mWv sNøp-∂X - .v Cu hkvXpX
∂p ]cn-Nb - s- ∏-Sp-Øp∂ ss{IkvXh kp sNøp-hm≥ Imc-W° - m-c\ - m-bm¬ B IÆv
{]hm-NI kvt\ln-Iƒ a\- n-em-°W - w.
hn-ti-j-I¿ {InkvXp-hns\ kvt\ln-°p- Nqgvs∂-SpØv kz¿K-Øn¬ IS-°p-I.
{]hm-NI - k - tv \lw kXy-hn-izm-knsb ∂-Xp-t]mse {]hm-NI - s\ kvt\ln-°m≥ c≠p ItÆmsS \c-IØ - n¬ IS-°p-∂X - n
kw_-‘n®v henb Hcp \≥abpw A\n- Xb-mdm-bm¬ F¥m-bn-cn°pw ÿnXn? epw DØaw H‰-°-Æ-\mbn kz¿K-Øn¬
hmcyLS-Ih - p-am-W.v Ckvemans‚ Bib AivlZp A≥em-C-eml C√-√mlp: h IS-°p-Ib - mWv'- F∂ aØmbn kphn-ti
hrØ-Ønse \≥a-Iƒ°v \n¿W-nX - a - mb A-ivlZp A∂ apl-ΩZ≥- dkq-ep-√mlv jkq-‡-߃- (5:29,30) sX‰v hcp∂ hgn-
cq]-LS- \ - I- f - p-≠v. a\p-jys‚ `mh-\bpw (A-√mlph√msX Bcm-[y-\n-s√∂pw Ifpw Ah-b° v p≈ in£mhn[n-If - p-amWv
k¶¬]hpa\p-kc - n®v Ckvemans‚ \≥a- apl-ΩZv A√m-lp-hns‚ ZqX-\m-sW∂pw (i-co-AØ - p-\n-ba - w) ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv tbip-
Isf ]p\¿ \n¿W-bw sNøpI km[y-a- Rm≥ km£o-Ic - n-°p-∂p) F∂ BZ¿i- hns‚ {Iqip-a-cW ]m]-]-cn-lmc kn≤m
√. Hcp \n¿Z-nj - vSI - m-cy-Øn¬ \≥a-bm-W hm-Iy-Øn¬ apl-ΩZv \_n(-)-bpsS \m ¥w ss__n-fnse ico-AØv \nb-aß - ƒ
t√m Hc¬]w IqSn-bm¬ sX‰n√ F∂p aw IS∂p hcp-∂X - ns‚ A¿Y-w A√mlp- A\¥ hnkvar-Xn-bn¬ ab-ßp-hm≥ hn´p.
Nn¥n-°m≥ apkvenan\v Ah-Im-i-an-√. hnt\mSv- At±-lsØ ka-s∏-Sp-Ø-e√ `mc-X-Øn¬ Da-dns‚ `cWw (i-co-
CXmWv Ckvemans‚ anX-hmZ kao-]\ - w. F∂v F√m apkvenwIfpw kmam-\y-ambn AØv tImS-Xn) hc-W-sa∂v Km‘nPn
{]hm-NI kvt\l-Ønepw CXv _m[-Iam- AwKo-I-cn-®p-h-cp-∂p-≠v. F∂m¬ Cu B{K-ln-®p-sh-¶n¬ A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-hm-\n-
Wv. {]hm-N-Is\ kvt\ln-°-et√ AXv BZ¿i \ne-]m-Sns\ hfsc kq£-a v a - mbn √. Xo¿®-bmbpw AXv ssZhn-I-\n-b-a-am-
GXv hnt[-Ib - pw, F{Xbpw BImw F∂v- inYn-eo-I-cn-°p-∂n-Spw-hsc FØp-∂p≠v Wv.-
]d-bm-h-X-√. F∂m¬ \≥a-bn-te°v ap Nne-cpsS {]hm-NI kvt\l Ah-Im-i-
t∂-dp-I, \≥a-Iƒ A[n-I-cn-°-s∏-SpI ˛tUm. A_vZp¬ eØo^v,-
hm-Zß- ƒ.
XpS-ßnb Jp¿-B\ - nI Blzm-\ß - ƒ a‰p aq-hm-‰p]p-g-
˛ aivlq¿.- ]n,- sNdp-hm-‰
\nebv-°p ImtW-≠-h-bm-Wv. \≥aIƒ

2006 G-{]n¬- 3
 Xn-cp-sam-gn-
A-_q-ap-^o-Zv-
`-‡n-bp-sS- am¿-Kw--

B-C-i- (-- )- ]-d-bp-∂p-:- A-√m-lp-hn-s≥-d- Zq-X≥ -() sN-bv-X- H-cp- Im-cyw-
sN-øp-h-m≥- Iq-´m-°m-sX- Iq-Sp-X¬- ]-cnip-≤-∑m-cm-Ip-hm≥- {i-an-®- Nn-e-bm-
fp-I-sf-∏-‰n- hn-h-cw- e-`n-®-t∏mƒ- A-hn-Sp-∂v- H-cp- {]-kw-K-Øn¬- A-√m-lp-
hn-\v- kv-Xp-Xn-Io¿-Ø-\-ß-f¿-∏n-®- ti-jw- C-ß-s\- ]-d-™p-:- ""Rm≥- sN-øp- _p-Jm-cn-
∂- Im-cyw- sN-øp-hm≥- Iq-´m-°m-sX- ]-cn-ip-≤-∑m-cm-I-p-hm≥- sIm-Xn-°p-∂- ap-ke
v- nw.--
h-cp-sS- kv-Yn-Xn-sb-¥m-Wv?- A-√m-lp-hm-Wv- k-Xyw-,- F-\n-°m-W-h-sc-°mƒ-
\-∂m-bn- A-√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®-dn-bp-I.- A-h-sc-°mƒ- Ah-s\- `-b-s∏-Sp∂-
Xpw- Rm≥- X-s∂''.- -

C-kv-emw- {]]-©-{k-jv-Sm-hn-s≥-d- a-X- Ip-Ib - pw- {]-hm-NI- ≥-() B- C-fs - h-Sp-Ø-v Xt√?-!''.- CXpw ]d™v Ah-cn-tem-tcm-
am-Wv.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- A-Xv- A-\yq- am-Xr-I- Im-Wn-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-X-t∏mƒ- cp-Øcpw Ah-\-h≥ kzoI-cn-°m≥ t]m
\-hpw- {]m-tbm-Kn-I-hp-am-Wv.- H-cmƒ- Xn-I- Nne¿- A-a-n-X- `-‡n- Im-c-Ww- B- C-f-hv- Ip∂ \ne-]mSv Cßs\ hnh-cn®p: H∂m-
™- ap-ke -v n-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂s - X-ßs - \-sb-∂-v kzo-Ic - n-°p-hm≥- hn-ap-JX- - Im-Wn-®- kμ¿- a≥: ""Rm≥ C\n-ta¬ kZm \a-kvIm-c-
{k-jv-Sm-hv- A-h-s‚-- A-¥-n-a-Zq-X≥- ap-tJ- `-Øn-em-W-v ""Rm≥- sN-øp-∂- Im-cyw- sNøp- Øn-em-bn-cn-°pw.'' c≠m-a≥: ""Rm≥ C\n
\- am-\h - c - m-in-sb- ]-Tn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v.- B- ZqX- hm≥- Iq-´m-°m-sX- ]-cn-ip-≤∑ - m-cm-Ip- h
- m≥- F√m Znh-khpw t\mºp-t\m¬°pw. t\m
s≥-d- N-cy- ]n≥-]‰ - n-s°m-≠-v Po-hn-°p-I- F- sIm-Xn-°p-∂-h-cp-sS- kv-Yn-Xn-sb-¥m-Wv?- ºn-√mØ Znh-kta F\n-°p-≠m-hn-√.''
∂-Xv- H-cp- ap-kv-en-an-s‚- _m-[y-X-bm-Wv.- A-√m-lp-hm-Wv- k-Xyw-,- F-\n-°m-W-h-sc- aq∂m-a≥: ""Rm≥ kv{Xokw-k¿K-w ]msS
Hm-tcm- {]-hm-N-I-\pw- {]-t_m-[n-X- k- °mƒ- \-∂m-bn- A-√m-lp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®-dn- XyPn-°pw, Hcn-°epw Ieym-Ww Ign-°n-
aq-lØ - n-s‚- am-Xr-Im- hy-‡n-Xz-am-bn-cp-∂p.- bp-I.- A-h-sc-°mƒ- Ah-s\- `-b-s∏-Sp-∂- √.'' A-t∏mƒ- \_n () Ahn-sS-sb-Øn.
ap-lΩ - Z- -v \-_n-() tem-I¿ - °- m-Iam-\a - p-≈- Xpw- Rm≥- X-s∂'' F-∂p- ]-d-™-Xv.- Ahn-Sp∂v Ah-tcmSv tNmZn®p: ""\nß-fm
A-¥n-a-Zq-X-\m-Wv.- A-Xp-s-Im-≠p-X-s∂- H-cp- hn-jb- Ø- n-epw- A-Xn-cp-hn-Sp-hm≥- tWm CΔn-[s - ams° ]d-™Xv? F∂m¬
tem-I-cp-sS- am-Xr-Im-]p-cp-j-\m-Wv- A-t±- C-kv-emw- A-\p-a-Xn- \¬-Ip-∂n-√.- F-√m- A√m-lp-hm-sW, \nß-sf-°mƒ A√mlp
lw.--.- A-√m-lp- ]-d-bp-∂p-:- ""Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- hn-[- D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ß-fn¬-\n-∂pw- A-I- sh `b-s∏-Sp-∂h - \pw kq£n°p∂-h\pw
\n-߃-°-v A-√m-lp-hn-s≥-d- Zq-X\ - n¬- DØ- ∂p-am-dn-bp-≈,- - ssZ-hk- m-ao-]yw- e-`n-°p-hm- Rm\m-Wv. Rm≥ Nne Znhkw t\mºp-
a-am-b- am-Xr-I-bp-≠v....''- (33:-21).-- \p-≈- ]-cn-{i-aw- C-kv-emw- Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p- t\m¬°pw, Nne Znhkw t\m¬°n√;
∂n-√.- Im-c-Ww- a-\p-jy≥- F-∂pw- a-\p- cm{Xn \a-kvI-cn-°p-Ibpw DdßpIbpw
k-Ie - - \-∑I - f- p-sS-bpw- {]-Xo-Ia - m-bn-cp-
jy≥- X-s∂-bm-W.v - A-h∂ - -v kz-tZ-lt- Øm- sNøpw; F\n°v `mcy-am-cp-≠.v Fs‚ Ncy
∂p- A-hn-Sp-∂v.- A-√m-lp-hn-¶¬- \n-∂p-≈-
Spw- a-‰p-≈-h-tcm-Sp-sa-√mw- Nn-e- I-S-a-I-fp- CjvS-s∏-Sm-Ø-h≥ Fs‚ Iq´-Øn-e√
Zn-hy-kt- μ-ia - \
- p-kc - n-®m-Wv- A-t±-lw- a-X-
≠v.- A-h- \n-d-th-‰m-sX-bp-≈- Po-h-n-Xw- s]SpI''- (_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw).-
Øn-s≥-d- Im-cy-߃- P-\-ß-sf- ]-Tn∏n-®n-
cp-∂X - v.- XYm¿-Y-Øn-ep-≈- `-‡n-bp-sS- am¿-K-a-√.- \-√- D-t±-iy-tØmsS-bm-Wv- Cu- aq-∂p-
t]-cpw- X-ßf - p-sS- Xo-cp-am-\ß- ƒ- F-Sp-Ø-
\m-´n¬-\n-∂pw- \m-´p-Im-cn¬-\n-∂pw- A\k-v -- () \n-th-Z\
- w-: Hcn-°¬ aq∂m-
Xv.- F-∂m¬- B- Xo-cp-am-\ß - ƒ- \-S∏ - n-em-
ho´n¬-\n-∂pw- ho-´p-Im-c-n¬-\n-∂p-sa-√mw- fp-Iƒ \_n ()-bpsS Bcm-[-\-sb-∏‰n
°p-∂-Xv- ]-e- I-S-a-I-fn¬-\n-∂p-ap-≈- H-fn-
A-I∂ - p-sIm-≠p-≈- H-cp- Po-hn-Xa - √
- - Ahn- At\z-jn-®-dn-bm≥th≠n Ahn-SpsØ
t®m-´am-Wv.- A-Xv- `-‡n-bp-sS- am¿-K-am-bn-
Sp-∂v- \-bn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.- A-tß-b-‰-sØ- `-b- `mcy-am-cp-sS-b-Sp-°¬ sN√p-I-bp-≠m-bn.
C-kv-emw- ]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√.- {]-hm-N-I-s≥-d-
`-‡n-tbm-sS- a-\p-jy-k-aq-l-Øn-se- H-cw- hnh-c-a-dn-™-t∏mƒ Ah¿°Xp t]mcm
am-Xr-I- C-Xn-\v- hn-cp-≤-am-Wv.- \-√-sX-∂p-
K-am-bn-s°m-≠v- A-t±-lw- Po-hn-®p.- F∂p tXm∂n-b-t]mse! ""\msa-hn-sS,
]-d™ - v- {]-hm-NI - ≥- ]-Tn-∏n-°m-Ø- hn-izm-
B- {]-hm-N-I-s≥-d- in-jy-K-W-ß-fpw- \_n()-sb-hnsS? Ahn-Sp-tØ°v Ign-
km-Nm-cß - ƒ- C-ke v- m-an-s≥-d- t]-cn¬- \n¿-
A-t±-l-sØ-t∏m-se- Po-hn-°p-hm≥- {i-an- ™Xpw hcm≥t]m-Ip-∂X - p-amb apgp-h≥
an-°p-hm≥- C-kv-emw- A-\p-hm-Zw- \¬-Ip-
®p.- G-tXm- H-cp- Im-cy-Øn¬- C-f-hp-\¬- ]m]-ßfpw A√mlp s]mdpØpsIm-Sp-Ø-
∂n-√.-

2006 G-{]n¬- 4
]-{Xm-[n-]¿-°v- ]-d-bm-\p-≈-Xv-

]cn-ÿn-Xnbpw Ckvemapw

]cn-ÿnXn kwc-£Ww Gsd N¿® sNø-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v C∂v. c≠p

Xcw Xo{h-X-I-fn¬ \n∂p-sIm-≠mWv N¿®-I-sf√mw ]ptcm-K-an-°p-∂-Xv. H∂v ]ptcm-K-
Xn-bmWv {][m-\-sa∂pw ]cn-ÿnXn kwc-£-W-Øns‚ t]cn¬ \mK-cn-Ihpw kmt¶-
Xn-I-hp-amb ]ptcm-K-Xn-Isf XS-bn-Sm≥ ]mSn-s√-∂p-ap≈ ho£-W-am-Wv. ]ptcm-KXn
Xs∂ am\-hn-Ih - n-cp-≤a
- m-sW∂pw ]ptcm-KX - n-bp-sSbpw imkv{Ø - n-s‚bpw t]cn¬ \S°p-
∂Xv Nqj-Wa - m-sW∂pw ]cn-ÿn-Xnsb Xmdp-am-dm-°p-∂X - p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ kmt¶-XnI
]ptcm-K-Xnsb _ln-jvI-cn-°p-I-bmWv th≠-sX-∂p-ap≈ ho£-W-amWv c≠m-a-tØ-
Xv. Ckvemw Cu c≠v ho£-W-ß-fp-sSbpw \Sp-hn¬ \n¬°p-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv {]am-W--
߃ ]Tn-®m¬ \ap°v t_m[y-s∏-Sp-I. kwkvIc - W- Ø
- n-eq-sS-bp≈ ]ptcm-KX - n-˛X
- k- vIn-
b-Ø˛-v s
- b∂ Ckveman-Im-ib - Ø
- ns‚ {]tbm-Kh - ¬°-cW - a - mWv B[p-\nI kaq-lØ - n\v
A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂X - v.
At\z-j-W-Øn\pw Bte-J-\-Øn-\p-ap≈ Ign-hp-I-fmWv \mK-cn-I-X-Iƒ \n¿an-
°p-hm≥ a\p-jysc {]m]vX-am-°n-b-Xv. ]ptcm-K-an-°p-hm≥ Igp-bp∂ Hscm‰ arKta
\ΩpsS Adn-hn-ep-≈q˛ a\p-jy≥. {]Ir-Xn-bpsS `mKw am{X-ambn Pohn-°p∂ a‰p
Pohn-I-fn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-ambn {]Ir-Xnsb D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm\pw X\n°v A\p-Iq-e-
ambn ]cn-h¿Øn-∏n-°p-hm\pw Hcp ]cn[nhsc Ign-bp-sa-∂X-mWv a\p-jys‚ hyXn-cn-
‡X. Cu Ign-hmWv am\-h-cmin C∂p-hsc t\Sn-sb-SpØ kIe t\´-ß-fp-sSbpw
\nZm-\w. imkv{X-˛k - m-t¶-XnI ]ptcm-KX - n-Isf \ntj-[n-°p-Is - b-∂m¬ Cu t\´-ßs - f-
sb√mw \ntj-[n-°p-Is - b-∂m-W¿Y-w. arK-ßs - f-t∏mse ]q¿W-ambpw {]Ir-Xn-bp-ambn
ka-c-k-s∏´v Pohn-°p-I-sb-∂m¬ a\p-jym-kvXn-Xz-Øns‚ A\-¥-amb km[y-X-Isf
Ah-K-Wn-°p-I-sb-∂-√msX as‰mcp A¿Yhpw AXn-∂n-√. ]q¿W-ambn {]Ir-Xn°v
CWßn Pohn-°p-hm-\m-bn-cp∂p a\p-jy≥ krjvSn-°-s∏-´-sX-¶n¬ Ah-\m-h-iy-amb
F√m Adn-hp-Ifpw Ign-hp-Ifpw {]IrXym Xs∂ Ah\v \¬I-s∏-S-W-am-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp
Pohn°pw AXns‚ \ne-\n¬]n-\m-h-iy-amb Hcp Imcyhpw At\z-jn-®p-I-s≠-Ø-s∏-
tS-≠-Xmbn C√. a\p-jys‚ ÿnXn- AX-√. Ah\v \ne-\n¬°-W-sa-¶n¬ ]eXpw
]Tn-°W - w. {]Ir-Xnsb Fßs\ D]-tbm-Kn-°W - s - a∂v Adn-bW - w. {]Ir-Xnsb NqjWw
sNbvXpsImt≠ Ah\p \ne-\n¬°m-\m-hq. A‘-amb {]IrXn auen-I-hmZw am\-
hn-Ia
- s
- √∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv CXp-sIm-≠m-Wv.
2006 G-{]n¬- 5
 F-∂m¬ ]ptcm-K-Xn-bpsS t]cn¬ \S-°p∂ AXn-{I-a-ßsf \ymbo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Cu
hkvXp-X-I-sfm∂pw Imc-W-am-bn-°q-Sm-Ø-Xm-Wv. a\p-jy≥ ]ptcm-K-an-°Ww; {]Ir-Xnsb
NqjWw sNøWw; {]]© ]T-\-߃ \S-ØWw; kmt¶-Xn-I-ambn hf-c-Ww. ]t£,
Fßs\? a\p-jy¿°v IrXy-amb am¿K¿i\w Bh-iy-ap≈ taJ-e-bm-Wn-Xv. kpJn-°p-
hm≥ th≠n am{X-am-bp≈ ]ptcm-KX - n-bmWv {]Ir-Xnsb \nin-∏n-°p-∂h - \ - m°n a\p-jys\
am‰n-b-Xv. ]c-am-h[n kpJn-°p-I-sb∂ Pohn-X -X-Ø-z-im-kv{X-Øns‚ h‡m-°-fpsS ssI
bnse kpJw t\Sn-Ø-cp∂ b{¥-ß-fmbn imkv{Xhpw kmt¶-XnIhnZy-bp-sa√mw amdn-b-
t∏mƒ Ah am\-hh - n-cp-≤a - mbnØo¿∂-Xv kzm`m-hnIw am{X-am-W˛v `uX-nI - h- m-ZØ
- ns‚ ZrjvSm-
¥-ßf - n¬ \n∂v ‘am\h ]ptcm-KXn’sb tamNn-∏n-°p-Ib - mWv Cu ]X-\Ø - n¬ \n∂v Ic-I-
b-dm-\p≈ am¿K-w.
`qan-bnse Jeo-^b - mbn (2:30) a\p-jys\ ]cn-Nb - s
- ∏-Sp-Øp∂ Jp¿-B≥ a\p-jymkvXn-
Xz-Øns‚ A\-¥-amb km[y-X-I-fn-te°pw \io-I-c-Wm-fl-I-amb ]X-\-Øn-te°pw Htc
t]mse shfn®w hoin-bn-´p-≠v. “Xo¿®-bmbpw a\p-jys\ \mw G‰hpw \√ LS-\-tbmSp
IqSn krjvSn-®n-cn-°p∂p. ]n∂oSv Ahs\ \mw A[-a-cn¬ A[-a-\m-°n-Øo¿Øp” (95:4,5)
F∂mWv A√mlp ]d-bp-∂-Xv. a\p-jy\v \¬I-s∏-´n-´p≈ kzX-{¥-amb ssIIm-cy-I¿Xr-
Øn-\p≈ Ignhv Hcp Aam-\-Øm-sW∂pw AXv ssZhn-I-am¿K-Z¿i-\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-
Øn-e√ - msX D]-tb-mK - n-°p-∂Xv hºn® \mi-߃°v \nan-Øa - m-Ip-sa∂pw Jp¿-B≥ ap∂dn-
bn∏v \¬In-bn-´p-≠v. “a\p-jy-cpsS ssIIƒ {]h¿Øn-®Xv \nanØw Ic-bnepw IS-enepw
Ipg∏w shfn-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah¿ {]h¿Øn-®-Xn¬ Nne-Xns‚ ^ew Ah¿°v Bkz-Zn-
∏n-°p-hm≥ th≠n-bs{X AXv. Ah¿ Hcp thf aS-ßn-tb°mw”(30:41). ssZhn-I-am¿K- Z¿
i\ {]Im-c-ap≈ Pohn-X-amWv {]Ir-Xn°v A\p-tbm-Py-amb h{I-X-bn-√mØ aX-sa∂pw
{]kvXpX PohnXw hgn-am-{Xsa ]q¿-Wm¿Y-Øn-ep≈ PohnX km£m-XvIm-c-Øn\v Ign-bq-
sh∂pw Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. “BI-bm¬ (k-Xy-Øn¬) t\sc \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-
h-\m-bn´v \ns‚ apJsØ \o aX-Øn-te°v Xncn®p\n¿Øp-I. A√mlp a\p-jysc GsXmcp
{]Ir-Xn-bn¬ krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂pthm B {]Ir-Xn-bs{X AXv. A√m-lp-hns‚ krjvSn-hy-
h-ÿbv°v bmsXmcp am‰-hp-an-√. AXs{X h{I-X-bn-√mØ aXw. ]t£, a\p-jy-cn¬
A[n-I-t]cpw a\- n-em-°p-∂n√” (30:30).
“Pohn-Xm-tbm-[\ - Ø - n\v th≠n-bp≈ {]h¿Ø-\ß - f - n¬ \o `qan-bn¬ Fs∂∂pw Pohn-
°p-∂-h-s\-t∏mse s]cp-am-dpI”sb∂ {]hm-N-I- h-N\w {it≤-b-am-Wv. X\n°v e`n®
Pohn-X-Øn-\-IØv ]c-am-h[n kpJn-°p-hm≥ {]Ir-Xn-sbbpw ]cn-ÿn-Xn-sbbpw Xosc
]cn-KW - n-°msX Ahsb XI¿Øpw, ASpØ Xe-ap-dbv°pw Pohn-°p-hm-\p-s≠∂ t_m[-
an-√msX `qansbØs∂ \in-∏n-®p-ap≈ ]ptcm-K-Xn-b√ th≠-sX∂ ktμiw Cu hN-\-
߃°-I-Øp-≠v. Aan-X-Xzhpw [q¿Øpw Ckvemw XnI®pw \-ntcm-[n-®n-´p-≠v.
“BZw k¥-Xn-I-tf, F√m Bcm-[-\m-e-b-Øn-¶epw (A-Yhm F√m Bcm-[-\m-th-f-I-
fn-epw) \n߃°-e¶ - m-ca - m-bn-´p≈ hkv{X-߃ [cn-®p-sIm-≈p-I. \n߃ Xn∂p-Ibpw IpSn-
°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≈p-I. F∂m¬ \n߃ Zp¿hybw sNø-cp-Xv. Zp¿hybw sNøp-∂-
hsc A√mlp CjvS-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√” (7:31).-
“IpSpw-__ - ‘ - a - p-≈h - ∂v Ahs‚ Ah-Imiw \o \¬Ip-I. AK-Xn°pw hgn-t]m-°∂pw
(A-hc - psS Ah-Im-ih - pw). \o ([-\w) Zp¿hybw sNbvXp-If - b- c - pXv.- Xo¿®-bmbpw Zp¿hybw
sNøp-∂-h¿ ]nim-Np-°-fpsS ktlm-Z-c-ß-fm-Ip-∂p. ]nimNv Xs‚ c£n-Xm-hn-t\mSv Gsd
\μn-sI-´h - \
- m-Ip-∂p''- (17:26,27).
{]IrXn hn`-hß - t- fm-Sp≈ a\p-jy-cpsS kao-]\ - s
- a-¥m-IW - s - a∂v Cu hN-\ß - ƒ hy‡-
ambpw a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂p-≠v. Pohn-X-Øns‚ Hmtcm cwK-tØ-°p-ap≈ {]hm-N-Is‚
am¿K-\n¿tZ-iß - ƒ ]cn-ÿnXn kwc-£W - Ø- n-eq-∂n-s°m≠v Fßs\ {]IrXn hn`-hßsf
NqjWw sNøm-sa∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v.
]cn-ÿnXn ]T-\-ßfpw N¿®-Ifpw \S-°p-tºmƒ kaq-l-Øn¬ \ne-hn-ep≈ {]IrXn
Nqj-W-Øn-s‚bpw {]IrXn auenI hmZ-Øn-s‚bpw BXy-¥n-I-X-I-fn-te°v t]mIm-Xn-cn-
°m≥ apkvenwIƒ {]tXyIw {i≤n-t°-≠X - m-W.v ssZhnI am¿K-Z¿i\ {]Im-ca - p≈ {]IrXn
Nqj-Ws - a-∂X - mWv CΔn-jb - I
- a
- mb CkvemanI ImgvN∏ - mSv; ]q¿Wm¿Y-Øn-ep≈ am\-hnI
ho£-Whpw CXp Xs∂.

2006 G-{]n¬- 6

Fw.-Fw.- A-Iv-_¿-
Pohs‚ ASn-ÿm\ LS-It- a-Xm-sW∂
tNmZy-Øn\v Hscm‰ DØcw am{X-ta-bp-
≈q-˛P - e
- w. P-ea - n-s√-¶n¬ Poh-\n√ F∂-
XmWv hmkvX-hw. ssPh-h-kvXp-hns‚
ASn-ÿm\ bq\n-‰mb tImi-Øns‚ ssN
X\yw Pe-Øns‚ km∂n-[ysØ B{i-
bn-®mWv \n¬°p-∂-Xv. GsXmcp ssPh-
h-kvXp-hns‚bpw ico-csØ hnL-S-\-
Øn\p hnt[-ba - m-°n-bm¬ {][m-\a - mbpw
e`n-°pI Pe-am-bn-cn-°pw. DZm-lc - W
- Ø - n-
\v a\p-jy-ic - ocw Xs∂-sb-Sp-°p-I. c‡-
Øn¬ 80% P-e-am-Wp-≈-Xv. hr°-I-fnse
Pe-km-∂n[yw 82% B-Wv. Aÿn-If - n¬
t]mepw 22%tØmfw Pe-ap-≠v. i-co-c-
Øns‚ aq∂n¬ c≠p `mKhpw Pe-am-W-
s{X. imco-cnI Pemw-i-Øns‚ ]Øp-i-
X-am\w \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂Xv ac-W-Øn-te°v
\bn-°pw. ico-cØ - ns‚ DjvW\ - ne {Iao-
I--cn-°p-∂-Xn\v hnb¿∏n-eq-sSbpw a‰pw
Pew \jvSs - ∏-Sp-tºmƒ \ap°v Zml-a\ - p-
`-h-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw sh≈w IpSn-°p-∂-Xp-
sa√mw ico-c-Ønse Pemwiw \jvS-s∏-
Sm-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ kwhn-[m-\ß - f - s- {X.
{]]-©Ø - n¬ `qan-sbm-gn-s®-hn-sS-sb-
¶nepw Poh-\p-t≠m-sb∂ At\z-j-W-
Øn\v BZy-ambn \nco-£n-°p-∂Xv Fhn-
2006 G-{]n¬-
Pew, Pohm-arXw:-
A-Xn-s\- A-dn-bp-I-;-
kw-c-£n-°p-I-
am¿-®v- 28 tem-I-P-e-Zn-\w-˛ P-e-sØ-°p-dn-®pw- A-Xv- kw-c-£n-t°-
≠-Xn-s‚- Bhiy-I-X-sb-°-p-dn-®p-sa-√m-ap-≈- N¿-®-Iƒ- \-S-°p-∂p.-
P-e-sa-∂- ssZ-hm-\p-{K-l-sØ-°-pdn®v- Jp¿-B-\n-I- ]-cn-t{]-£y-Øn-
eq-sS- ]-Tn-°p-hm≥- {i-an-°p-I-bm-Wn-hn-sS.-
sS-sb-¶nepw Pe-km-∂n-[y-ap-t≠m-sb-∂m-
Wv. `qan-sbm-gn®v as‰m-cn-SØpw CXp-hsc
Pe-Øns‚ km∂n[yw Is≠-Øn-bn-´n-√.
{]]-©-sØ-bm-I-am-\-sa-SpØv t\m°n-
bm¬ Pew Hcp Akm-[m-cW - a- mb Zp¿e`
hkvXp-hm-W.v Pe-Øn\v {Zmh-Im-hÿ - b - n
¬ \ne-\n¬°p-hm≥ klm-bI - a- mb Xm]-
\ne Adn-bs - ∏-´n-St- Ømfw `qan-bn¬ am{X-
am- W p- ≈ - X v . IØp∂ \£- { X- ß fpw
XWp-Øp-d® I´n-bmb ]Zm¿Y-ßf - p-ap≈
{]]© koa-bv°p-≈n¬ tImSn-°-W-
°n\v Un{Kn-If - n¬ ]e ]e hnXm-\ß - fn-
embn \n¬°p-∂-XmWv {]]-©-Øns‚
Xm]- a m- \ w. CXn- s \mcp h¿W- c mPn
(SPECTRUM) bpsS cq]w \¬Ip-I-bm-
sW-¶n¬ AXn¬ Xe\m-cng t]mse
t\¿Ø Hcp h¿W-tc-J-bn¬ am{Xsa
Pe-Øn\v {Zh-cq]w ]pe¿Øm≥ Ign-bq.
Cu teme-amb ]cn-[n-°p-≈n¬ am{Xsa
Poh\v \ne-\n¬°p-hm≥ Ign-bq. Cu
]cn-[n-°p-≈n¬ hcp∂ Hscm‰ {]tZiw
am{Xsa {]]-©-ko-a-bv°-IØv Is≠-
Øn-bn-´p-≈q. AXmWv `qan.
Pe-Øn¬ apßnb {Klw
Hcp A\y-tKm-f-\n-hm-kn˛Aß-s\-
sbm-∂p-s≠-¶n¬-˛-\-ΩpsS `qansb hnfn-
°pI {Zh-{Klw F∂m-bn-cn-°pw. `qan-bp
sS G‰hpw henb khn-ti-jX AXns‚
7
ap°m¬ `mKhpw PeØm¬ aqSn-°n-S° - p-
∂p-sh-∂X - m-Wv. a\p-jy\v hn`m-h\w sN
øm-\m-hp∂ as‰mcp temIØpw kap-{Zan
-s√∂v GXm≠v Dd-∏m-bn-°-gn-™n-´p-≠v.
`qan-bpsS 29 iX-am\w am{Xsa PeØn\p
]cn-bmbn s]mßn-\n¬°p-∂p-≈q. _m°n-
bp≈ ÿe-amsI icm-icn c≠v \mgnI
Bg-ap≈ Pew sIm≠v aqSn-°n-S-°p-∂p.
`qap-JsØ \navt\m-∂-Xn-I-sf√mw C√m-
sX-bm°n ka-\n-c∏ - m-°n-bm¬ `qtKm-fa - m-
I-am\w Hcp Pem-ib - a- m-bn-am-dpw. At∏mƒ
`q-an-bn-emsI Pe-Øn\v FÆmbn-cncw
ASn Bgw ImWp-sa-∂mWv IW-°m-°-
s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂X - v.
IS¬, Hcp alm-¤pXw
IS¬ Hcp alm-¤pXw Xs∂-bm-Wv.
Htc ka-bØv kuμ-cy-Øn-s‚bpw `oI-
c-Xb- p-sSbpw \ntI-X\ - a- mb kap{Zw {]Ir-
Xn-tem-IØ - nse Hcp AXy-¤p-XI - c
- a
- mb
krjvSn-bm-Wv. Pohn-X-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb
]e hkvXp-°ƒ°v th≠nbpw \mw IS-
ens\ B{i-bn-°p-∂p. Poh-s\∂ {]Xn-
`m-kØ - ns‚ \ne-\n¬]v Xs∂ IS-ens\
B{i-bn-®m-Wp-≈X - v. ]ucm-WnI a\p-jy
≥ IS-ens\ AXy-¤p-X-tØm-sS-bmWv
t\m°n-°≠ - X - v. Hmtcm h≥I-cb - nepw Po
hn-®-h¿ Xß-fpsS Ic-`m-KØn\v Np‰pap
≈ IS¬ `qansb Np‰n-\n¬°p∂ Hcp
 sh≈-Øns‚ am-{Xw- khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ
sh≈-Øn\v a‰p kPm-Xob hkvXp-
°-fn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvXa - mbn H´-\h - [n
khn-ti-jX - I - f- p-≠.v F√m ]Zm¿∞-ß-
sfbpw t]mse sh≈hpw NqSm-°n-bm¬
hnI-kn-°p-Ibpw XWp-∏n-®m¬ kt¶m-
Nn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-≠v. F∂m¬
kp{]-[m-\a - mb Hcp hyXy-am-ka - p-≠X- n-
\v. XWpØp I´n-bm-hp-tºmƒ sh≈-
Øns‚ kt¶mN kz`mhw s]mbvt∏m-
hp-Ibpw H≥]Xv iX-am-\t- Ømfw AXv
hnI-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. sFkv
sh≈-Øn¬ s]mßn-°n-S° - p-∂Xv Cu
khn-tij kz`mhw sIm≠m-Wv. IS-
enepw \Zn-If - n-ep-sa√mw lnaw s]mßn-
°n-S°
- p-∂Xv Poh-s‚-\n-e\ - n¬∏n-s\bpw
]cn-ÿn-Xn-sbbpw _m[n-°p∂ khn-
tij {]m[m-\y-ap≈ Hcp Imcy-am-Wv.
alm-\-Zn-bm-sW∂v k¶¬]n-®p. {Ko°p-
Im¿ IS-ens\ hnfn-®Xv ‘kap-{Z-\Zn’ (Hm-
jn-bm-t\mkv t]m´m-tam-kv) F∂m-bn-cp-
∂p. ]m›mXy P\-Xsb kw_-‘n-®n-S-
tØmfw A‰hpw \ofhpw hoXnbpw Db-
chpw ]cn-[n-bp-an-√msX \o≠pIn-S° - p∂
AXvem‚nIv kap-{Z-Øn-\-∏pdw temIw
Xs∂-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬ C∂v
\ap-°-dnbmw Hcp alm-k-ap-{Z-Ønse
Xpcp-Øp-I-fmWv h≥I-c-I-sf-∂v. IS-ep-
Iƒ F∂v ]T-\k - u-Ic - ym¿Y-w ]d-bp-∂p-
sh∂v am{X- s a- b p- ≈ q. Ac- ™ m- W p-
t]mse `qansb Np‰n-°n-S° - p-∂Xpw AKm-
[-X-I-fn¬ \n∂v AKm-[-X-I-fn-te°v
\oßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb Hscm‰
alm-ka - p{Zw am{X-sa-bp-≈q-sh∂v \ap-°-
dn-bmw. Cu alm-k-ap-{Z-Øn-te°v h≥I-
c-Iƒ X≈n-°b - d - n-bXp ImcWw D≠mb
aq∂v Pe hn`m-Kß - s - f-bmWv imkv{X-⁄
≥am¿ aq∂v {]tXyI IS-ep-If - mbn KWn-
°p-∂X - v. AXvem‚n-Iv kap-{Zhpw C¥ym
kap-{Z-hp-am-W-h. Ch IqSmsX Z£nW
{[ph kap-{Z-sØbpw Nne kap{Z imkv
{X-⁄≥am¿ Hcp {]tXyI IS-embn
hyh-l-cn®p t]mcp-∂p-≠v. DØ-c-{[ph
kap-{Z-am-Is´ AXvem‚nIv kap-{Z-Øns‚
Hcp `mK-am-bn-´mWv apºp apX¬°p-Xs∂
]cn-KW
- n-°s - ∏-Sp-∂X - v.
kap-{Z-Øn-\I - Øv
kap-{Zm-¥¿`mKw A¤p-Xß - f - psS Hcp
2006 G-{]n¬-
D≠m-Ip-∂t- Xm-sSm∏w lnaw XWp-Øp-t]m-
Ip-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ `qan-bnse ioX kap-
{Z-ßsf√mw Xs∂ XWp-Øp®v I´n-bm-
Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. th\¬°m-eØv Cu kap-
{Z-ßf- psS D]-cn-Xe- Ø
- n¬ Dcp-Inb sh≈-
Øns‚ t\¿Ø Hcp ]mS am{Xsa D≠m-
Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. `qtKm-f-Ønse Imem-
h-ÿ-Isf \nb-{¥n-°p-Ibpw kmam-\y-
s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂ kap-{Zm-¥¿`m-
KsØ DjvW˛- i - oX Pe {]hm-lß - f
- psS
KXn-{I-aß - sf XWp-Øp-d® - p-I´- n-bmb Cu
ioX--ka - p-{Z-߃ XS-™p-sh-bv°p-am-bn-cp-
∂p. CXn¬ \ns∂√mw `qansb c£n®p
\n¿Øp-∂Xv XWp-Øp-d™p I´n-bm-hp-
tºmƒ hnI-kn-°p-hm-\p≈ Pe-Øns‚
am{Xw kz`mh khn-ti-jX - b- m-Wv.
sh≈-Øn\v Xnf-bv°p-hm\pw XWp-
Ie-hd Xs∂-bm-Wv. 1920 hsc kap-{Z-
Øn-\I - sØ kw`-hß - s - fbpw hkvXp-°-
sfbpw Ipdn® \ΩpsS Adnhv Xptemw
]cn-an-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. kap-{Z-P-e-Øns‚
Aghpw LS-\bpw kz`m-hhpw \n¿W-
bn-°p∂ imkv{X-im-J-bmb sslt{Um-
{K^n (HYDROGRAPHY) bpsS Ncn-{X-
Øn¬ hºn® ]ptcm-KX - n-bp-≠mb h¿j-
amWv 1920. i_vZ Xcw-K-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn®v
Bgw \n¿W-bn-°p∂ k{º-Zm-b-Øns‚
XpS-°a - mWv kap-{Zm-¥¿`m-KsØ cl-ky-
ß-fn-te-°p≈ hmXn¬ Xpd-∂p-sIm-Sp-Ø-
Xv. `qap-JØv \n∂v apgp-h≥ sh≈hpw
h‰n®vIf-™m¬ `qan-bpsS D]-cn-Xew
Fß-s\-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Dt∏mƒ \ap°v
Duln-°m≥ Ign-bpw. Ic-bnse `qhn-`m-
K-ß-fp-tS-Xmb F√m-hn[ sshNn-{Xy-
ßfpw \navt\m-∂-Xn-I-fp-ap≈ `qhn-`mKw
Xs∂-bmWv kap-{Zm-¥¿`m-KØ - p-ap-≈X- v.
ae-\n-c-Ifpw A·n-]¿h-X-ßfpw ]md-I
fpw Kpl-Ifpw K¿Ø-ß-fp-sa√mw AXn-
ep-≠v. shfn-®hpw hmbp-hp-ap≈ temI
Øv a\p-jy≥ I≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂X - nepw
Kw`o-chpw hnNn-{X-hp-amb Zriy-ß-fmWv
kap-{Zm-¥¿`m-KØ - p-≈X - v.
kap-{Z-Øns‚ ASn-Ø-´n¬ Bg-ta-
dnb XS-ßf - p-≠v. Cu XS-߃ Ah-bpsS
{]Ir-Xn-bn¬ H∂n-s\m∂v hyXy-kvX-am-
Wv. Ic-bnse hnhn[ h≥I-cI - ƒ XΩnep
≈ hyXym-kß - s- f-°mƒ A[nIw hyXym-
8
Øp-d®v I´n-bm-Ip-hm\pw a‰p kPm-Xob
kwbp-‡ß - ƒ°v th≠-Xn-e[ - nIw Db
¿∂ Xm]-\ne thWw. AXn-\m¬ `qtKm-
f-Øns‚ Xm]-\n-eh - m-cØ
- n¬ Pe-Øn\v
{ZmhI cq]-Øn¬ Xs∂ \ne-\n¬°p-
hm≥ Ign-bpw. Xm] kwh-l\-Øn-\p≈
Pe-Øns‚ Ign-hmWv AXns‚ as‰mcp
khn-ti-jX - . hºn® Af-hn¬ NqSv kq
£n®p sh°p-hm≥ sh≈-Øn\v Ign-
bpw. kqcy-Xm-]sØ G‰-hp-a-[nIw kq
£n®p sh°p-∂Xv kap-{Z-ßf - m-Wv. Im
em-h-ÿ-bn¬ IpØ-s\-bp≈ G‰-°p-
d-®n-ep-Iƒ hcm-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv kap-{Z-߃
kuc-Xm-]sØ kq£n-®p-sh-°p-∂-Xn-
\m-em-Wv. ]cn-ÿn-Xnsb kzm[o-\n°p
I hgn Pe-Øns‚ Cu kz`m-hhpw
Poh-Pm-e-ß-fpsS \ne-\n¬]n\v B[m-
c-ambn h¿Øn-°p-∂p.
k-߃ IS-ense XS-߃ XΩn-ep-≠v.
F¶nepw Ahbv°v Nne s]mXp kz`mh-
ß-fp-≠v. Hmtcm XShpw aq∂p hn`m-K-ß-
fm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. h≥I-c-I-tfm-S-Sp-Øp≈
Bgw Ipd™ `mK-߃, h≥I-c-I-tfmSv
_‘--s∏´ Ncn-hp-Iƒ, AKm-[a - mb IS¬
Ød F∂n-hb - mWv aq∂v `mK-߃. h≥I-
c-I-tfmSv tN¿∂v IS-en¬ Bg-an-√mØ
`mKØp \n∂v IS-en-te°v t]mIp-t¥m
dpw Iptd-s»-bmbn Bgw IqSn-h-cp-∂p.
{ItaW AXv Ccp-∂qdp \mgnI hsc IS-
en-\p-≈n-te°v Cu {Ia-amWv XpS¿∂p-
t]m-Ip-∂-Xv. Cu `mK-ß-sf√mw \tS
kqNn-∏n® H∂mw hn`m-KØnepƒ s∏-Sp-
∂p. h≥I-c°v Np‰p-ap≈ Bgw Ipd™
Cu `mK-ah - k
- m-\n-°p-∂t- XmsS IpØ-s\-
bp≈ Ncn-hp-Iƒ XpS-ßp-I-bm-bn. \qdv
\mgn-Ih- sc \o≠ Ncn-hp-Iƒ! Ingp°mw
Xq°mb Cu Cd-°ß - ƒ `qtKm-fØ- ns‚
D]-cn-Xe- Ø
- n¬sh®v G‰hpw \ofw IqSn-
bXpw CS°v apdn-bm-Ø-Xp-amb sN¶p
Ømb `mK-ß-fm-Wv. Cu Ingp°mw Xq
°mb `mK-Øns‚ {]X-e-߃ \nc-s∏m-
Ø-h-sbm-∂p-a-√. sIm√n-Ifpw Klz-c-ß
fpw \nd™ `mK-am-Wn-X.v `qan-bn¬ ImWp-
∂-Xn¬sh®v G‰hpw Kmw`o-cy-ap≈ Cu
Xpc-¶-߃ imtJm-]-im-J-I-fmbn ]ncn
™v t]mIp-∂p-sh∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-
™n-´p-≠.v Bbn-c° - W- °
- n\v \mgnI ssZ
¿Ly- a p- ≠ m- b n- c n°pw Ah- b v ° s{X!
CXn¬ tXmSp-I-fp-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. Cu
Ncn-hp-I-fpsS A‰-ØmWv AKm-[-amb
kap-{Z-Ød ÿnXnsNøp-∂X - v. A‘-Im-
c-Øn¬ apßn-°n-S-°p∂ Cu Xd-bpsS
BsI hnkvXrXn `qan-bp-tS-Xn\v ]Ip-Xn-
tbmfw hcpw. CXv \√ an\p-k-ap≈
km[-\-ß-fm¬ aqS-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p. kap-
{Z-Ønse an\pØ Nfnbpw Nph∂ Ifn-
aÆpw IS-ense sNdnb Pohn-If - psS Ah-
in-jvSß
- fpw tN¿∂mWv IS¬Ø-db - psS
D]-cn-Xew an\p-ks - ∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂X - v.
Cu IS¬Ø-d-bn¬ henb ]¿h-X-
ßfpw Bg-ta-dnb InS-ßp-If - p-ap-≠.v kap-
{Z-Ønse ]¿h-X\ - n-cI
- f
- n¬ G‰hpw hep
Xv AXvem‚nIv kap-{Z-Ønse ae-\n-c-I-
Pohs‚ \ne-\n¬]n\v AXym-h-iy-
amb Pe-Øns‚ `qan-bnse samØw
Af-hn\v bmsXmcp hyXym-khpw hcm
Ø coXn-bn-emWv Chn-SsØ hyXy-kX v -
ß-fmb {]{In-bIƒ kwhn-[m-\s - ∏-´n-cn-
°p-∂X - v. kap-{Z-ßf - n-eq-sSbpw Ic-bn-eq-
sSbpw A¥-co-£-Øn-eq-sSbpw Pew
\oßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu Ne\-ß-
sf√mw ]c-kv]cw _‘-s∏-´mWv InS-
°p-∂X - .v Nm{In-Ia - mb Cu Pe-k© - mcw
(HYDROLIC CYCLE) hgn `qan-bnse
Pe-Øns‚ samØw Af-hn¬ hyXym-
k-sam∂pw hcp-∂n-√. `qan-bn-ep≈ Pe-
Øns‚ 97 iX-am-\hpw kap-{Z-ß-fn-em-
Wp-≈-Xv. hfsc hnkvXr-X-amb kap-
t{Zm-]-cn-XeØn¬ \n∂v [mcmfw Pew
_mjv]w hgn A¥-co-£-Øn-te°p
t]mI-p∂ - p. h¿jwtXmdpw \mec e£w
L\-In-tem-ao-‰¿ Pew Cßs\ _mjv
]o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. BsI kap-{Z-P-
e-Øns‚ Afhv GI-tZiw 1350 e£w
L\Intemao-‰m-sW-t∂m¿°p-I. Cß
s\ _mjv]o-Ic - n-°s - ∏-Sp∂ Pew taL-
ß-fmbn cq]w sIm≈p-Ibpw agbpw
a™p-ambn Xncn-®p-hc - n-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
Ic-bn¬ ]Xn-°p∂ Pe-Øns‚ `qcn-`m-
Khpw \Zn-If - n-eq-sSbpw a‰p-ambn ho≠pw
kap-{Z-Øn-te-°p-Xs∂ sN√p-∂p. Hcw
iw XSm-Iß - f - nepw Ipf-ßf - nepw tiJ-
cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. AXpw _mjv]\w hgn
A¥-co-£Ø - n-se-Øpw. sNSn-Iƒ hen-
2006 G-{]n¬-
fm-Wv. sFkvem‚ v apX¬ Z£n-W{- [phw
hsc DØ-c-˛-Z-£nW AXvem-‚ nIv kap-
{Z-߃°n-S-bn-eqsS \o≠p-In-S-°p∂
]¿h-X-\n-c-bmWv `qan-bnse G‰hpw
henb ae-\n-c-bmbn Ct∏mƒ Adn-b-s∏-
Sp-∂-Xv. ]Xn-\m-bncw \mgnI \ofhpw
A™qdv \mgnI hoXn-bp-ap≈ Cu ae-
\n-cb
- psS H´p-ap-°m¬ `mKhpw kap-{Z-Øn-
∂-Sn-bn¬ Xs∂-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ Nne
sImSp-ap-Sn-Iƒ kap-{Z-hn-Xm-\Ø
- n¬ \n∂p-
b¿∂v \n¬°p-∂p-≠v. Ask≥j≥,
Atkm-dk - ,v sk‚ tv ]mƒtdm°v XpS-ßnb
AXvem‚nIv kap-{Z-Ønse Zzo]p-Iƒ
Nne kap-{Z-]¿h-Xß - f - psS irwK-ßf
- m-W.v
CXn¬ G‰hpw Dbcw IqSnb `mKw
Pe-N{Iw
s®-Sp-°p∂ Pehpw tkzZ\w hgn A¥
co-£Ø - n-seØn taL-ßf - m-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.
Cßs\ kap-{Z-Øn¬ \n∂v hcp∂ Pew
Xncn®v kap-{Z-Øn¬ Xs∂ FØn-t®-cp
∂ {]{In-bb - ° v mWv Pe-N{- I-sa∂p ]dbp-
∂-Xv. kap-{Z-Øn¬ \n∂v hcp∂ Hcp Xp
≈n Pew Pe-N{- I-Øn-eqsS kap-{Z-Øn¬
Xncn-s®-Øp-hm≥ Nne-t∏mƒ e£-°W
°n\p h¿j-߃ FSp-sØ∂p hcpw. F
¶nepw Cu Hcp Xp≈n Pew cq]-am-‰hpw
Nw{I-aW - hpw hgn ssPh-aW - U v e- Ø- ns‚
hnhn[ taJ-e-I-fn¬ hym]-cn-®p-sIm≠v
Poh-s\∂ {]Xn-`m-ksØ \ne-\n¿Øp-
∂-Xn¬ kPo-h-amb ]¶p-h-ln-°p-∂p.
P-e-N-{I-sØ- B-Zy-am-bn- im-kv-{Xo-b-
h-ni
- I
- e- \ - Ø
- n-\v- hn-t[-ba - m-°n-bX - v- 1580¬-
s_¿-\m¿-Uv- ]m-en- n-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- k-ap{Z
P
- e
- w- _m-jv] - o-Ic- n-®v- ap-If - n-se-Øp-Ib
A-Xv- X-Wp-Øp-d™ - v- ta-Lß - f - m-bn-Øo-
cp-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p-sh-∂pw- Cu- ta-L-ß-
fm-W-v `q-{]-tZ-it- Ø-°-v \o-ßn- km-{μo-Icn
-°-s∏-´v- a-g-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-sX-∂pw- A-t±-
lw- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-®p.- A-Xn-\p-ap-ºv- ag-bpsS-
cq-]o-Ic - W
- s - Ø-bpw- P-eØ - n-s≥-d Nw-{I-a-
W-sØ-bpw- Ip-dn-®v- A-‘-hpw- A-Sn-kv-Ym-
\-cl- n-Xh - p-am-b- k-¶¬-]ß - ƒ- am-{X-am-Wp-
≠m-bn-cp-∂X - v.- Po-hs- ≥-d- \n-e\ - n¬-]n-\v- X-
s∂- B-[m-ca - m-bn- `hn-°p-∂- P-eØ - n--s≥d-
Nw-{I-a-W-sØ-°p-d-n-®v- Jp¿-B≥- ]-e-X-
h-W- ]-cm-a¿-in-°p-∂p-≠v.- Cu ]-cm-a¿-i-
ß-fn-se-hn-sS-bpw- A-d-n-b-s∏-´- h-kv-Xp-X-
9
Atkm-d  - nse ]ot°m sImSp-ap-Sn-bm-W.v
CXv kap-{Z-hn-Xm-\Ø
- n¬ \n∂v 7613 ASn
Db¿∂v \n¬°p-∂p. kap-{Z-Øn-\S- n-bn¬
AXns‚ 20000 ASn Dbcw aqSn-°n-S-°p-
∂p-≠v. `qan-bn¬ sh®v G‰hpw Dbcw
IqSnb aebpw kap-{Z-Ød - b
- n¬ \n∂v XpS-
ßp-∂-Xm-Wv. im¥-k-ap-{Z-Ønse 1600
\mgnI \of-ap≈ Hcp ae-\n-c-bpsS inJ-
c-ßf- mWv lhmbv Zzo]v kaq-lw. lhmbv
Zzo]nse au\-Iob (MAUNAKEA)
A·n-]¿hXw im¥-k-ap-{Z-Øns‚ ASn-
Ø-´n¬ \n∂v t\sc 31000 ASn Db¿∂p
\n¬°p∂ Hcp ae-bm-Wv. Fh-d-Ãns‚
Dbcw 29029 ASn-bm-sW-t∂m¿°p-I. Fh-
d-Ãn-s\-°mƒ c≠m-bncw ASn IqSp-X-
I-fp-am-bn- ss-h-cp-[yw- ]p-e¿-Øp-∂- bm-
sXm-∂p-an-s√-∂- h-k-vXp-X- ss-Z-hn-I-{K-
Ÿ-Øn-s≥-d- A-{]-am-Zn-Xzam-W-v sh-fn-s∏-
Sp-Øp-∂X - v.- G-Xm-\pw- Jp-¿B≥- kq-‡-
߃- Im-Wp-I:- -
""\o- I-≠n-t√,- A-√m-lp- B-Im-i-
Øp-\n-∂v- sh-≈w- sNm-cn-™p.- F-∂n-´v-
`q-an-bn-se- D-d-hn-S-ß-fn¬- A-X-h≥- {]-
th-in-∏n-®p.- A-\¥ - c - w- A-Xp-ap-tJ-\- hy-
Xy-kv-X- h¿-W-ß-fn-ep-≈- hn-f- A-h≥-
D-Zv]
- m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂p.- ]n-s∂- A-Xv- D-Wß - n-
t∏m-Ip-∂p.- A-t∏mƒ- A-Xv- a-™-\n-dw-
]q-≠-Xm-bn- \n-\-°v- Im-Wmw.- ]n-∂o-Sv-
A-h≥- A-Xn-s\- ssh-t°m¬-Xp-cp-ºm-
°p-∂p.- Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- A-Xn¬- _p-≤n--
am-∑m¿-°v- H-cp- Kp-W-]m-T-ap-≠v''- (39:-21).-
""`-bh
- p- w- B-ib - pw- D-fh - m-°n-s°m-≠-v
- pw- \n-߃-°v- an-∂¬- Im-Wn-®p-Xc - p-∂X- pw-
B-I-m-i-Øp-\n-∂v- sh-≈w- sNm-cn-bp-I-
bpw- A-Xp-aq-ew- `q-an-°- v- A-Xn-s≥-d- \n¿-
Po-hm-hkv-Ybv-°p- ti-jw- Poh≥- \¬-
Ip-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂-Xpw- A-h-s≥-d- Zr-jv-
Sm-¥ß - n¬- s]-´X - s - {X.- Xo¿-®b - m-bpw- A-
Xn¬- Nn-¥n-®p- a-\  - n-em-°p-∂- P-\ß - ƒ-
°v- Z-rj - vS- m-¥ß - f- p-≠v''- (30:-24).-
""B-Im-i-Øp-\n-∂v- \mw- H-cp- \n-iv-
Nn-X- A-f-hn¬- sh-≈w- sNm-cn-bp-I-bpw-
F-∂n-´v- \mw- A-Xn-s\ `q-an-bn¬- X-ßn-
\n¬-°p-∂-Xm-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-
∂p.- A-Xv- h-‰n-®p-If - b- m≥- Xo¿-®b - m-bpw-
\mw- i-‡-\m-Ip-∂p''- (23:-18).--
ep≈ Cu ae-bpsS 13,823 ASn Dbcw
am{Xsa kap-{Z-hn-Xm-\-Øn-\p-ap-I-fn¬
ImWp-∂p-≈q- F-∂X - n-\m-emWv AXns\
`qan-bnse G‰hpw Db¿∂ `mK-ambn ]cn-
K-Wn-°m-ØX - .v kap{Zw h‰n-®p-If
- ™
- m¬
Xd-bn¬ \n∂v G‰hpw Db¿∂v \n¬°p
∂ ÿe-ta-Xm-sW∂ tNmZy-Øn\v au\-
Iob A·n- ] ¿h- X - s a- ∂ m- b n- c n°pw
DØcw.
Ie-cmsX Hgp-Ip∂ kap-{Z-ß-ƒ!
kap-{Z-Pe - sØ Nen-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-
°p-∂X - n¬ Im‰n-s\-t∏mseØs∂ ]¶v
hln- ° p∂ Hcp LS- I - a mWv Pe-
Øns‚ amdn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ km{μ-X.
Xm]-\n-e-bnepw Pe-Ønse D∏ns‚
tXmXn-epap-≈ hyXym-k-߃ kap-
{ZsØ Nen-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. kap-t{Zm-]-cn-
X-e-Øn-s‚ Xm]-\ne ]e-{]-tZ-i-ß-
fnepw ]e hn[-Øn-em-Wp-≈-Xv. {[ph-
{]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ AXv 280 ^mc≥lo‰m-
sW-¶n¬ t]¿jy≥ Dƒ°-S-en¬ AXv
900 ^mc≥lo-‰m-W.v XWpØ sh≈-Øn-
\v NqSp≈ sh≈-sØ-°mƒ km{μX
IqSp-X-em-bn-cn-°pw. IS-en-\-Sn-bnse
sh≈- Ø ns‚ Dujv a mhm- I s´ ˛310
^mc≥lo-‰v˛F√m-bn-t∏mgpw am‰-an-
√msX \ne-\n¬°p-∂p. km{μX IqSp-
X-ep≈ `mKØp-\n∂v Ipd™ `mK-
tØ°v Pe-{]-hm-l-a-p≠m-hpI kzm`m-
hn-I-am-W-t√m. NqSv Ipd™ `mK-Øp-
\n∂v IqSnb `mK-tØ-°v AXn-\m¬
Pe-{]-hm-la - p-≠m-Ip-∂p. Pe-Øn¬ AS-
ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ D∏ns‚ Afhpw km{μ-
Xsb _m[n-°pw. AXn-\m¬ D∏ns‚
Afhv IqSnb `mKØ-p-\n∂v Ipd™
`mK-tØ°v Pe-{]-h m-l-ap-≠ m-I pw.
Aß-s\, `qan-bnse IS-ep-If - n-ep-S\ - ofw
AZr-iy-amb Pe-{]-hm-lß - ƒ tatem´pw
Iotgm´pw CShpw hehpw Cf-In-sbm-
gp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. Cu km{μ-
Xm-hy-Xym-k-Øn¬\n∂v am{X-ambn
Du¿P-kz-eX t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p∂ Pe-{]-
hm-lß - f - n¬ {][m-\s - ∏-´Xv Pn{_mƒ´¿
IS-en-Sp-°n¬I-qSn Hgp-Ip∂ km{μ-Xm-
{]- h m- l - a m- W v . a[y- [ - c - W ym- g n- b n¬
Xm]w IqSp-Xepw ag Ipd-hp-am-b-Xn-
\m¬ Ahn-SsØ Pe-Øn\v km{μX
IqSp-X-em-Wv. kqcy-Xm-]-ta‰v Pew
2006 G-{]n¬-
kap-{Zm-¥¿`m-KsØ ae-I-fn¬ Nne
h A·n-]¿h-Xß - f - m-Wv. Ch-bn¬ A·n-
]¿hX kvt^mS-\-ßfpw emhm-{]-hm-
lhpw D≠m- b n- s °m- ≠ n- c n- ° p- ∂ p- ≠ v .
kap{Z a[y-Ønse Zzo]v kaq-l-ß-fn¬
an°Xpw A·n-]¿h-Xß - f
- n¬ \n∂p-≠mb
_kmƒ´v ine-Iƒ sIm≠mWv \n¿an-°-
s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. henb ae-\n-c-Iƒ°pw
A·n-]¿h-Xkaq-lß - ƒ°pw ]pdsa Ic-
Bhn-bm-bn-t∏m-Ip-∂Xv ImcWw Pe-
Ønse D∏ns‚ Awiw IqSp-Xe - m-bX- mWv
Cu km{μ-X°v Imc-Ww. km{μ-amb Cu
sh≈w kap-{Z-Øn-\-Sn-bn-te°v Xmgp-
Ibpw Pn{_mƒ´¿ IS-en-Sp-°ns‚ ASn-
`m-K-Øp-IqSn HgpIn Bg-°-S-en-te°v
hym]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. CXv DØ-c-
AXvem‚n°n-te°v ASn-`m-K-Øp-IqSn
HgpIn _¿ap-Ub - n-se-Øp-Ib
- mWv sNøp-
∂-Xv. km{μX IqSnb Pew a[y-[-c-Wym-
gn-bn¬ \n∂v kap-{Zm-¥¿`m-KØv IqSn
{]h-ln®v AXvem‚n-°n-se-Øp-∂-tXm-
sSm∏w Xs∂ AXvem‚n-°nse km{μX
Ipd™ sh≈w kap-t{Zm-]-cn-X-e-Øn-
eqsS HgpIn a[y-[-c-Wym-gn-bn-ep-sa-Øn-
t®-cp-∂p. kam-¥-c-ambn hncp≤ Zni-I-
fn-te-°p≈ Cu c≠v Pe-{]-hm-l-ß-
fmWv Pn{_mƒ´¿ IS-en-Sp-°n-eqsS Hgp-
In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. c≠v kap-{Z-{]-hm-
l-߃! H∂v, D∏p-ckw IqSnb Pe-Øn-
c≠v Pe-{]-hm-l-߃ XΩn¬ Ie-cmsX Hgp-Ip-∂p. Jp¿-B≥ ]cm-a¿i-
Øn\v B[p-\nI imkv{X-Øns‚ Isøm∏v:
""c-≠v Pem-ib
- ß
- sf XΩn¬ IqSn-t®-cØ
°p-∂p, Ah c≠n-\p-an-Sbv°v Ah At\ym\yw AXn-{I-an-®p-I-S-°m-Xn-cn-°-
Ø-°-hÆw Hcp XS- -ap-≠v''- (55:19,20).-
10
bn¬ ImW-s∏-SmØ Hcp-Xcw ae-Iƒ IqSn
kap-{Z-Øn-ep-≠v. Xe ]c∂ ]¿h-X-ß-
fm-Wn-h. In-tem-ao-‰d- p-It- fmfw an\p-ka
- mb
]c∂ apIƒ`m-Ka - pƒs°m-≈p∂ CØcw
aeIsf Kptbm´v (GUYOT) F∂mWv
hnfn-°p-∂X- v. Ic-bnse ae-If - psS A{Kw
hfsc IrXy-ambn sh´n-sb-SpØ cq]-Øn-
emWv Ch-bp-≈X - v.
Ic-bn-teXv t]mse kap-{Zm-¥¿`m-K
s‚ {]hm-lw. c≠v, eh-WXzw Ipd™
sh≈-Øns‚ {]hm-lw. Ch c≠pw
IqSn-°-e-cmsX Pn{_mƒ´-dn-eq-sS Hgp-
In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
kap-{Z-Øns‚ krjvSn-∏n-s\bpw
\ne- \ n¬∏n- s \bpw Ipdn®v ]Tn®v
{kjvSm-hns‚ AkvXn-XzsØ a\- n-
em- ° p- h m≥ Blzm\w sNøp∂
hnip≤ Jp¿- B ≥ kap- { Zm- ¥ ¿`m-
KØpw D]-cn-X-e-Ønepw Hgp-In-s°m-
≠n-cn-°p∂ hyXykvX {]hm-l-ß-sf-
°p-dn®v kqN-\-Iƒ \¬Ip-∂p-≠v.
""c≠v Pem-ib- ß- sf kzX-{¥-ambn
Hgp-Im≥ hn´-h-\m-Ip∂p Ah≥. H∂v,
kz—-amb ip≤-P-ew. as‰m∂v Atcm-
N-I-am-bn-tØ-m-∂p∂ D∏p-sh-≈-hpw.
Ah c≠n-\p-an-S-bn¬ Hcp adbpw Hcp
XS- hpw Ah≥ G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p''- (25:53).-
- °
- h
- Æw Ah≥ Ab-®p-hn-´n-cn-

Øpw Xmgvhc-If - p-≠v. F∂m¬ IS¬Ø-
d-bnse Xmgvhc-Iƒ lnam-e-b-Ønse
AXn-`b- m-\I
- a
- mb hnS-hp-Is
- f-°mƒ AKm-
[-ß-fmWv. Cu InS-ßp-Iƒ sImSp-ap-Sn-
I-sf-°mƒ \of-ap≈hbp-am-Wv.
AIØpw ]pdØpw Pe-{]-hm-l-߃
IS-ens‚ ASn am{X-a√ apIƒ`m-
Khpw A¤p-X-ß-fpsS Ie-h-d-bm-Wv.
kap-t{Zm-]-cn-X-e-Øns‚ \ne-bv°mØ
Ne-\hpw Xnc-am-e-Ifpw then-tb-‰-˛-th-
en-bn-d-°-ß-fp-sa√mw A¤p-X-I-c-amb
{]Xn-`m-k-ß-f-s{X. kap-{Zm-¥¿`m-KØv
IqSn Hgp-Ip∂ {]hm-l-ß-fmWv as‰mcp
A¤pX {]Xn-`m-kw. kap-{Z-ßsf ]c-
kv]cw tbmPn-∏n-°p∂ i‡n-Iƒ {][m-
\-ambpw aq∂m-W.v `qan-bpsS {`a-Ww, Im‰v,
sh≈-Øns‚ amdn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ km
{μX F∂n-hb - m-Wh
- . `q{`-aWw sIm≠p-
≠m-hp∂ ÿmbn-bm-b, `qtKm-fØ - n-emsI
Np‰n-bS- n-°p∂ Im‰p-Is - f-bmWv hym]m-c-
°m-‰p-Iƒ (TRADE WINDS) F∂p hnfn-
°p-∂-Xv. Ch `qa-[y-tc-Jbv°v sXm´p-ap-
I-fn¬ hS-°p-In-g°p `mKØv \n∂pw
sXm´p-Xmsg sX°p Ing°v \n∂pw hoip-
∂p. hym]m-c-°m-‰p-Iƒ°v FXn-cmbn ho
ip∂ Im‰p-If - mWv ]Sn-™m-d≥ Im‰p-Iƒ
(WESTERLIES). ]Sn-™m-tdm´v t]mIp∂
`qa-[y-tcJm {]hm-l-Øn\v {]Ya DtØ-
P\w \¬Ip-∂Xv hym]m-c-°m-‰p-I-fmWv.
2006 G-{]n¬-
kap-t{Zm-]-cn-X-e-Ønse A¤p-X-I-c-amb {]Xn-`m-k-ß-fn-sem-∂mWv then-tb-‰hpw
then-bn-d-°-hpw. A\p-Zn\w \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Xmf-{I-a-Øn-ep≈ Cu kap-{Z-
N-e-\-Øn\v Xr]vXn-I-c-amb hni-Zo-I-cWw \¬In-bXv 1687¬ k¿ sFkIv
\yq´\m-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ K-pcp-Xzm-I¿jW kn≤m-¥-ß-tfmSv tN¿Øv At±lw
then-tb-‰-˛-th-en-bn-d-°-ßsf hni-Zo-I-cn-®p.
hym]m-c-°m-‰p-I-tfm-sSm∏w Ing-°p-\n∂v
]Sn-™m-tdm´v t]mIp∂ Pe-{]-hmlw
{ItaW {`a-WØ - ns‚ i‡n-sIm≠v hS-
t°m´pw sXt°m´pw Xncn-™p-t]m-Ip-∂p.
Cu {]hm-l-ß-fn¬ \n∂v a‰p Nne D]-
{]-hm-l-߃ cq]-sa-Sp-°p-∂p. G‰hpw
{][m-\s - ∏´ D]-{]-hmlw DØc AXvem
‚n°nse Kƒ^v kv{Sow {]hm-l-am-Wv.
\mev hoXn-Ip-d™ Acp-hn-Iƒ tN¿∂n-
´p-≠m-bs - X∂v A\p-am-\n-°s - ∏-Sp∂ Cu
{]hmlw Hcp \nan-j-Øn¬ 720 e£w
Iyp-_nIv ao‰¿ Pew hln-°p-∂p-≠v.
then-tb-‰hpw then-bn-d° - hpw
kap-t{Zm-]-cn-X-e-Ønse A¤p-X-I-c-
amb {]Xn-`m-kß - f - n-sem-∂mWv then-tb-
‰hpw then-bn-d° - h - pw. A\p-Zn\w \S-∂p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Xmf-{I-a-Øn-ep≈ Cu
kap-{Z-N-e-\-Øn\v Xr]vXn-I-c-amb hni-
Zo-Ic
- Ww \¬In-bXv 1687¬ k¿ sFkIv
\yq-´\- m-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ K-pcp-Xzm-I¿jW
kn≤m-¥ß - t- fmSv tN¿Øv At±lw then-
tb-‰-˛-th-en-bn-d-°-ßsf hni-Zo-I-cn-®p.
kqcy-s‚bpw N{μ-s‚bpw BI¿j-WØ - n
\v hnt[-b-am-hp-∂-Xn-\m-emWv `qan-bnse
Pew Db-cp-Ibpw Xmgp-Ibpw sNøp-∂s - X-
∂m-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ hni-Zo-I-c-
Ww. ]u¿W-an-\m-fnepw Aam-hm-kn-\m-fn-
ep-ap-≠m-hp∂ km[m-c-W-bn¬ Ihn™
then-tb-‰-Øn\pw then-bn-d-°-Øn-\pw-˛-
hm-th‰w (SPRING TIDE)˛ ImcWw Cu
Znh-kß - f - n¬ N{μ\pw `qanbpw kqcy\pw
Htc t\¿tc-Jb - n¬ h∂p-\n¬°-∂Xv aqe-
ap≈ hºn® BI¿jW i‡n-bm-Wv.
N{μ≥ Im¬ `mKhpw ap°m¬ `mKhpw
Bhp∂ ka-bØv kqcy\pw N{μ\pw
`qanbpw At\ym\yw ka-tIm-Wp-I-fn-em-
sW-∂X - n-\m¬ kucm-I¿j-WsØ N{μ
\pw Xn-cn®pw ian-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\m-emWv
{]kvXpX Znh-kß - f - n¬ G‰n-d°
- ß
- f
- psS
i‡n hfsc Ipd-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv˛ hm-hn-
d-°w (NEAP TIDE). \yq´s‚ Cu hni-
Zo-I-cWw icn-bm-sW-¶nep kºq¿W-am-
Ip-∂n-√. then-tb‰ then-bn-d-°-ß-fpsS
thKsØ \n¿W-bn-°p-∂Xv sh≈-Øn
11
s‚ Bg-am-Wv. hyXykvX kap-{Z-`m-K-ß-
fn¬ hyXykvX tXmXp-I-fn-emWv then-
tb-‰hpw then-bn-d-°hpap≠m-hp-∂-Xv.
\m¬]Xv ASn-bn-e[ - nIw G‰-ap-≠m-hp∂
^p≠n Dƒ°-Sepw (BAY OF FUNDY)
HcSn-tbmfw am{Xw G‰-ap-≠m-hp∂ \m≥S-
°‰pw (NANTUCKET) then-tb‰ tXm
Xns‚ c≠-‰Øv \n¬°p-∂p. G‰ \nc°n
-ep-ap≠v hyXym-kw. AXvem‚nIv kap-{Z-
Øns‚ an° `mK-ß-fnepw Znt\\ c≠p
{]mhiyw hoXw G‰n-d-°-߃ D≠m-Ip-
∂p. im¥-ka - p-{Z-Øn-s‚bpw C¥ym-ka - p-
{Z-Øns‚bpw ]e `mK-ß-fnepw Znh-k-
Øn¬ Hcp {]mhiyw am{Xsa G‰n-d°w
D≠m-hp-∂p-≈q. Ch-bv°p≈ hni-Zo-I-
cWw sslt{Um-{Km-^n-bn-ep-≠mb ]qtcm-
K-Xn-bpsS ^e-ambn kap-{Z-Øns‚ ASn-
Ø-´n-s\-°p-dn®v \ap-°p-≠mb Adn-hns‚
ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
Hmtcm kap-{Z-`m-K-Øn-s‚bpw ASn-Ø-
´ns‚ hen-∏w, BIr-Xn, Bgw F∂n-hbm
Wv then-tb-‰˛- C- d- °- ß - f- psS tXmXpw \nc
°pw hen-∏hpw \n¿W-bn-°p-∂s - X-∂mWv
kap-{Z-im-kv{X-⁄∑ - m-cpsS \nK-a\ - w.
Xnc-am-eI - ƒ
kap-{Z-Øn¬ ASn-®p-ho-in-s°m-≠n-cn-
°p∂ Xnc-am-eI - f- mWv AXns\ kZm-k-
a-bhpw kPo-h-ambn \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xv.
Pe-N-e-\-ß-fn¬ G‰-hp-a-[nIw \miw
hnX-®n-´p-≈Xpw Xnc-am-eI - ƒ Xs∂! IS¬
°-cI - sf ASn®v XI¿°p∂ Xnc-am-eI - ƒ
]e-t∏mgpw hmbp-hns‚ teme-amb Hcp
Ne-\Ø - n¬ \n∂v cq]-sa-Sp-Øm-hpw. Xnc-
am-e-Isf aq∂mbn Xcw-Xn-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
Du¿an (SEA), XcwKw (SWELL), `wKw
(SURF) F∂n-ß-s\-bm-W-h. Im‰-Sn®v
Pe-Øn¬ BZy-am-sbmcp Xnc cq]-sa-Sp-
°p-tºmƒ AXns\ Du¿an F∂p hnfn-
°p-∂p. sImSp-¶m-‰p-sIm≠p t£m`n®
Hcp `mKØ \n∂p-≠mbn kz¥w i‡n
thK-tØmsS Pe-∏c - ∏- n-eqsS k©-cn-°p-
tºmƒ AXns\ XcwKw F∂v ]d-bp-∂p.
Ic-bn-seØn s]m´n-Ø-I-cp∂ Xnc-sb-
bmWv `wKw F∂p hnfn-°p-∂-Xv.

hmbp-hns‚ G‰hpw sNdnb Hcp
Ne\w t]mepw kap-t{Zm-]-cn-X-e-Øn¬
{]Xn-I-c-W-ap-≠m-°pw. CXv Npcp-fp-I-fm
bn Db-cm≥ XpS-ßpw. Im‰ns‚ thK-X-
bv°-\p-k-cn®v Cu Npcp-fp-Iƒ Ae-I-fm-
bn-Øo-cp-∂p. Cu Ae-Iƒ ]n∂oSv hen
∏w sh°p-∂Xv aq∂v ]cn-am-W-ßsf
B{i-bn-®m-Wv. Im‰ns‚ ]c∏v (VELOC-
ITY), AXns‚ Bbp¿ssZ¿Lyw (DU-
RATION), AXns‚ ]c∏v (LENGTH OF
FETCH) F∂n-h-bm-W-h. Im‰n\v k©-
cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ Pe-ta-J-e-bpsS
hnkvXr-Xn-bmWv Im‰ns‚ ]c-∏p-sIm≠v
hnh-£n-°p-∂X - v. Hcp-Zm-lc - Ww: aWn-°q-
dn¬ 37 \mgnI thK-Øn¬ 12 \mgnI am
{Xw hoXn-bp≈ Dƒ°-S-en-eqsS k©-cn-
°p∂ Im‰n\v Ggv ASn-bn-e-[nIw Db-c-
ap≈ Xnc-am-e-I-I-fp-≠m-°p-hm≥ Ign-bn-
√. AtX Im‰v 300 \mgnI hoXn-bp≈
Pe-∏-c-∏n-eq-sS-bm-W-Sn-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ 19
ASn Db-ca - p≈ Xnc-am-eI - f
- p-≠m-Ipw. CXp-
hsc \oco-£n-®n-´p-≈-Xn¬sh®v Xnc-am-
e-If- psS IqSnb Dbcw 40 ASn-bm-W.v aWn-
°q-dn¬ 60 \mgnI k©-cn-°p∂ Hcp
h≥Im‰v (GALE) c≠v Znhkw XpS¿®-
bmbn 900 \mgnI ]c-∏n¬ hoip-tºm-gm-
Wn-Xp-≠m-hp-I. ct≠m AXn-e-[n-Itam
CØcw Xnc-am-e-Iƒ IqSn-t®¿∂v \qdp-
hsc ASn Db-c-Øn-ep≈ `oa≥ Xnc-am-
e-Iƒ D≠m-Ip-∂p-sh∂pw Icp-Xs - ∏-Sp-∂p.
2006 G-{]n¬-
kap-{Z-sØ-°p-dn®v ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ AXnse sshhn-[y-sØbpw LS-\-sbbpw
kwhn-[m-\n-°p-Ibpw {]Xn-`m-k-ßsf hyh-ÿ-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvX {]]-©-
{k-jvSm-hns‚ AkvXnXzw A\p-`-hn-®-dn-bp-Ibpw IS¬ a\p-jy¿°v A[o-\-s∏-Sp-
Ønb Ahs‚ A\p-{K-l-Øn\v a\p-jy¿ IrX-⁄Xm \n¿`-c-c-m-hp-Ibpw
sNøpsa∂ Imcyw Xo¿®-bm-Wv.
Hcp Du¿an Cf-In-°-gn-™m¬ AXv
Bbn-c-°-W-°n\v \mgnI k©-cn-°p-
Ibpw Hcp XcwKambn ]cn-Wa - n-°p-Ibpw
sNøpw. bm{X XpS-cp-I-tXmcpw AXns‚
Dbcw Ipd-bp-Ibpw ]c∏v IqSp-Ibpw sN
øpw. AXns‚ thKX h¿[n®v AXns\
Cf-°n-hn´ Im‰n-s\-°mƒ thKw ssIh-
cn-°p-Ibpw Ic-bn¬ h∂n-Sn®v `wK-am-bn-
Øo-cp-IbpamWv sNøp-∂X - v.
Xnc-am-e-bpsS i‡n A]m-c-am-Wv.
\qdv \mgnI hnkvXm-c-Øn¬ k©-cn-
°p∂ 4 ASn Db-c-ap≈ Hcp Xnc-am-e-
bnse i‡n Hcp h≥\-Kc - Ø- n\v 24 aWn-
°q¿ t\cw sshZypXn \¬Im-\m-h-iy-
amb i‡n°v Xpey-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-
≠mWv sImSp-¶m-‰p-≈t- ∏mƒ Xnc-am-eI - ƒ
hºn® \mi-\-jvS-߃ hnX-°p-∂-Xv.
Cß-s\, kap{Zw F°m-e-L-´-Øn
epw a\p-jy-\p-ap-∂n¬ A¤p-Xa - mbn \ne-
sIm-≠n-´p≈ Hcp hkvXp-hmWv. ssl
t{Um-{K-^nbpw Hmjym-t\m-{K^n (OCEA-
NOGRAPHY- kap{Z hn⁄m-\obw)bpw
hf-sc-tbsd ]ptcm-Ka - n® C∂pw kap{Zw
A¤p-X-ß-fpsS Ie-h-d-bmbn am\-h-cm-
in-°p-ap-ºn¬ \ne-\n¬°p-∂p. AXnse
Pohn-ssh-hn-[y-am-I-s´- AXn-_r-lØpw
hnNn-{X-hp-am-Wv. Poh≥ \ne-\n¬°p-∂-
Xn-\p-th≠n `qan-bn¬ {]tXy-I-ambn
\n¿an-°-s∏´ Hcp D]-lm-c-amWv kap-{Z-
sa∂v ]d-bmw. kap-{Z-an-s√-¶n¬ Poh-\n-
√. Adn-bs - ∏-´n-St- Ømfw a‰p tKmf-ßs - fm
∂pw Xs∂ kap-{Z-sa∂ kΩm\w \¬In
A\p-{K-ln-°-s∏-´n-´n-√. AXp-sIm≠v
Xs∂ Ahn-S-ß-fn-sem∂pw Poh\-n√
Xm\pw. IS¬ \n¿an-°-s∏-´Xp am{X-a√
A¤pXw; AXv a\p-jy¿°v A[o-\-s∏-
Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°pI IqSn sNbvX-Xm-Wv.
i‡-amb A¥¿{]-hm-l-ßfpw `b-¶-c-
amb Xnc-am-e-Ifpw \nd™v \n¬°p∂
kap-{Z-sa-ßm\pw a\p-jym-[o-\-Øn\v
AXo-X-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ am\p-jyIw
C{X-am{Xw \mK-cnI ]ptcm-KXn t\Sp-am-
bn-cp-∂n-√. P\-X-Xn-Iƒ XΩn¬ _‘-
s∏-Sp-hm\pw {Ib-hn-{I-b-߃°p-sa√mw
12
km[n-®Xpw Aßs\ \mK-cnI ]ptcm-
KXn ssIh-∂Xpw kap{Zw a\pjy-I-c-
߃°v A[o-\-am-bXv aqe-am-Wv. AXn-
√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ hyXykvX `qJ-WvU-
ß-fnse P\-߃ XnI®pw H‰-s∏´v Ign-
bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. am{X-hp-a√ - , IS-ens\ `£-
W-Øn\pw a‰p-ambn B{i-bn-°p-hm\pw
a\p-jy¿°p km[n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. kap-
{Z-sØ-°p-dn®v ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ AXnse
sshhn-[y-sØbpw LS-\-sbbpw kwhn-
[m-\n-°p-Ibpw {]Xn-`m-kß - sf hyh-ÿ-
s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvX {]]-©-{k-jvSm-
hns‚ AkvXnXzw A\p-`h - n-®d
- n-bp-Ibpw
IS¬ a\p-jy¿°v A[o-\-s∏-Sp-Ønb
Ahs‚ A\p-{K-lØ - n\v a\p-jy¿ IrX-
⁄Xm \n¿`-c-c-m-hp-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂
Imcyw Xo¿®-bm-Wv.
""A√m-lp-hm-Ip∂p kap-{ZsØ \nß
ƒ°v A[o-\-am-°n-Ø-∂-h≥. Ahs‚
I¬]-\-{]-Imcw AXn-eqsS I∏-ep-Iƒ
k©-cn-°p-hm\pw Ahs‚ A\p-{K-l-
Øn¬ \n∂v \n߃ tXSp-hm\pw \n߃
\μn ImWn-°p-∂h - c
- m-tb-°m\pw th≠n''-
(45:12).-
""Bg-°S- e - nse Ccp-´p-Iƒ t]mse-bm-
Ip∂p (A-hn-izm-kn-If - psS {]h¿Ø-\ß - -
fpsS D]-a). Xnc-ame AXns\ (k-ap-{Z-
sØ) s]mXn-bp-∂p. AXn-\p-aosX ho
≠pw Xnc-am-e. AXn-\p-aosX Im¿ta-Lw.
Aßs\ H∂n\v aosX as‰m-∂mbn At\
Iw Ccp-´p-Iƒ. Ahs‚ ssI ]pd-tØ°v
\o´nbm¬ AXp-t]mepw Ah≥ ImWp-
am-dm-In-√. A√mlp B¿°v {]Imiw
\¬In-bn-´n-√tbm Ah\v bmsXmcp {]Im-
i-hp-an-√''- (24:40).-
ag! ag!
kap-{Z-Pew D∏p-c-k-ap-≈-Xm-W-t√m.
AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Xß-fpsS Poh-k‘ - m-
c-WØ - n\v Ic-Po-hn-Iƒ°v kap-{Z-Pe - sØ
t\cn´v B{in-°p-hm≥ km[y-a-√. Ah-
bv°m-hiyw D∏p Ie-cmØ ip≤-P-e-am-
Wv. ip≤-Pew \nd-™p-\n¬°p∂ \Zn--
I-sfbpw Ipf-ßs - fbpw InW-dp-Is - f-bp-sa
√mw B{i-bn-®mWv Ic-Po-hn-Iƒ \ne-
 B-gn-bn-se- A-‘-Im-c-߃-
A-‘-Im-c- \n-_n-V-a-m-Wv- k-ap-{Zw.- ao-‰¿- h-sc- B-gØ - n- s - e-Øp-tºm-tg-°v- Np- iw \¬In-bn-´n-√tbm Ah∂v bmsXmcp
I-S-en-∂-Sn-bn-te-°v- t]m-Ipw-tXm-dpw- C- h-∏v- \n-dw- ]q¿-W-am-bpw- B-Kn-c-Ww- sN- {]Im-i-hp-an-√.” (24:40)
cp-´-v h¿-[n-®p-hc - n-Ib- m-W-v sN-øp-∂X - .v - Im- ø-s∏-Spw.- ap-∏X - v- a
- p-X¬- A-ºX - v- h-sc- ao‰- Bg-°-S-ense Ccp´v! ssIt]mepw
Wp-hm-\p-≈- {]-tXy-I- k-÷o-Ic - W- ß - - sd-Øp-tºm-tg-°-v Hm-d© - pw- A-ºX - -v ap-X¬- ]pd-tØ°v ImWmØ Ccp´v! AXn\p
tfm-sS-b-√m-sX- \m¬-]-Xv- ao-‰-dn-e-[n-Iw- \q-dv- h-sc- ao-‰s - d-Øp-tºm-tg-°v- a-™b - pw- apI-fn¬ Xnc-ame! ho≠pw Xnc-ame!
B-g-Øn-te-°v- a-\p-jy¿-°v- t]m-Iphm- \q-dv- a
- p-X¬- C - c- p-\q-dv- h-sc- ao-‰s- d-Øp-tºm- CsX√mw ]Xn-\mep \q‰m≠p apºv
\m-hn-√.- C-cp-\q-d-v ao-‰¿- B-g-Øn-se-Øn- tg-°v- ]-®b - pw- C-cp-\qdv- I-gn-™m¬- \oe,- Pohn® Hcp \nc-£c - s‚ ]Z-ßf - mtWm?
bm¬- ]n-s∂- ]q¿-W-am-b- C-cp-´v- X-s∂- h-be - ‰- v,- C≥-Un-tKm- Xp-Sß - n-b- \n-dß - f - pw- At√-b√! Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂-sX{X
bm-W.v - Bbn-cw- a-o‰-sd-Øn-bmem-Is - ´- ]n- B-Kn-c-Ww- sN-ø-s∏-Sp∂p.- C-Xm-Wv- k-ap- icn!
s∂- sh-fn-®-Øn-s≥-d- em-©-\-t]m-ep-an- {Zm-¥¿-`m-K-tØ-°v- t]m-Ipw- tXm-dpw -A-
“Cu {KŸ-Øns‚ Ah-X-cWw k
√m-Ø- k-ºq¿-W- A-‘I - m-ca
- m-W.v - Iqcm- ‘-Im-cw- h¿-[n-°-p-hm-\p-≈- Im-c-Ww.-
¿Δ-temI c£n-Xm-hn-¶¬ \n∂mIp∂p.
Iq-cn-cp-´v!- - Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv ImWp-I: CXn¬ bmsXmcp kwi-bh - p-an-√” (32:2).
kq-cy-\m- W - t- √m- `q-an-°-v sh-fn-®w- \¬- “As√-¶n¬,- Bg-°-S-ense Ccp-´pI {]Im-ihpw Nq´-ap≈ D]-cn-X-ehpw
Ip-∂X - v.- kq-cy- {- ]-Im-iØ - n-s≥-d- \-s√mcp- ƒ t]mse-bm-Ip∂p (A-hc - psS {]h¿Ø- A‘-Im-c-a-b-amb A¥¿`m-K-hp-ambn
i-Xa - m-\w- - k-ap-{Z-Øn-s≥-d- D-]c - n-Xe - Øn \-ß-fpsS D]-a). Xnc-ame AXns\ (I-S- IS-ens\ c≠mbn hn`-Pn-°mw. Bg-°S-
¬- X-´n- {]-Xn-^-en-°p-∂p.- k-ap-{Zm-¥¿- en-s\) s]mXn-bp-∂p. AXn\p aosX en¬ \n∂v D]n-c-Xew Xnc-am-e-I-fm¬
`m-K-tØ°v- t]m-Ipw-tX-m-dpw- Hm-tcm-tcm- ho≠pw Xnc-am-e. AXn\p aosX Im¿ta- th¿Xn-cn-°s - ∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. kap-{Zm¥¿
\n-dß - ƒ- B-Kn-cW - w- sN-øs - ∏-Sp-∂p.- B- Lw. Aßs\ H∂n\p aosX as‰m-∂mbn `m-KØv B¥-cnI Xnc-am-eI - f - p≠v (in-
Zyw- Np-h-∏p-\n-dw,- ]n-s∂- H-m-d-©v....- F- At\Iw Ccp-´p-Iƒ. Ahs‚ ssI ]pd- ternal wave). B¥-cn-IX - n-ca - m-eI- f
- psS
∂n-ß-s\-bp-≈- {I-a-Øn-em-Wv- B-Kn-c- tØ°v \o´n-bm¬ AXp-t]mepw Ah≥ Xmsg-bmbn A‘-Imcw Bcw-`n-°p-∂p.
Ww- \-S-°p-I.- ]-Øv- ap-X¬- ]-Xn-\-©v- ImWp-am-dm-In-√. A√mlp B¿°v {]Im Cu A‘-Im-cØ - n¬ Pohn-°p∂ {]tXy-
I-Xcw a¬ky-߃°v Ah-bpsS icoc-
Np-h-∏v-
Hm-d-©v- Øn¬ \n∂v {]Imiw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°m-
a-™- \p≈ Ign-hp-≠v. Cu Ign-hn-√m-bn-cp-∂p-
]- ® - sh-¶n¬ Ah-bv°vt]mepw Bgn-bpsS
\o-e- A‘-Im-c-Øn¬ ]c-kv]cw ImWm\m
C≥-Un-tKm- hn-√. a\p-jy¿°v kz¥w Ic-߃ t]m
ssh-e-‰v- epw ImWm≥ Ign-bmØ A‘-Im-c-
amWv kap-{Zm-¥¿`m-Ks - Ø∂v Jp¿-B≥
hy‡-am-°p-∂p. ]Xn-\mep \q‰m-≠p-I
ƒ°v apºv Pohn®n \nc-£c - \- mb Hcmfp
sS hmbn¬ \n∂v temIw {ihn® hN\-
ß-fn¬ C{X IrXy-amb ]cm-a¿i-ßf - p-
≠m-hp-∂-sX-ßs\? k¿Δ-i-‡-\n¬
\n∂v Ah-Xo¿W-am-bX - mWv Jp¿-Bs\
∂ AXns‚ Ah-Im-i-hm-ZsØ kXy-
s∏-Sp-Øp-∂h- b- mWv Cu ]cm-a¿i-ßs - f-
k-ap-{Zm-¥-¿-`m-K-tØ-°v- t]m-Ip-tºmƒ- kq-cy-{]-Im-i-Øn-se- Hm-tcm- h¿W-߃- ∂ Imcy-Øn¬ kwi-b-sam-∂p-an-√.
\jv-S-s∏-Sp-∂p.- 200 ao-‰¿- F-Øp-tºm-tg-°v- ]q¿-W-am-b- C-cp-´m-W-hn-sS.-

\n¬°p-∂X - v. Cu Pe-t{km-X  - p-If

- nse h∂p \nd-tb-≠X - p-≠v. AXn-s√-¶n¬ Ic- Akm-[y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. th\¬ NqSns‚
sh≈w D]-tbm-Kn-°s - ∏-Sp-Ibpw _mjv]o- Po-hn-Iƒ°v PohnXw Akm-[y-am-bn-Øo- DØpw-Km-hÿ- b
- n¬ ag A¬]w sshIp-
I-cn-°s
- ∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p- cpw. kap-{Z-Ønse PesØ a\p-jy-\-S- ∂Xv \sΩ-sb√mw Akz-ÿc - m-°m-dp-≠.v
∂-Xn-\m¬ AXv Ipsd Ign-bp-tºmƒ h‰n- °-ap≈ Poh-Pm-eß - ƒ°v D]-Im-c{- ]-Za
- m- AXn∂p ImcWw apI-fn¬ ]d-™Xp
t∏m-Ip-∂p; As√-¶n¬ Hgp-Ip∂ Pe- °p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n k¿h-i-‡≥ kwhn- Xs∂!
Øns‚ Afhv Xosc Ipd-bp-∂p. CXp [m-\n® Hcp A¤p-X-{]-Xn-`m-k-amWv ag. ag-bv°m-hi
- y-amb kwhn-[m-\ß - ƒ
\nI-Øp-hm≥ Ah-bn¬ ho≠pw sh≈w ag-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh¶n¬ Ic-bn¬ PohnXw agbv°pX°-cq-]-Øn-emWv `qanbpw
2006 G-{]n¬- 13
 aWn-°q-dn¬ 300 \mgnI hsc thK-X-bp≈ Ch-bmWv `qap-JsØ G‰hpw
thKw-Iq-Snb Im‰p-Iƒ. ]Sn-™m-dp-\n∂pw Ing-t°m´p hoip∂
Cu Im‰p-Iƒ `qap-JsØ Imem-hÿm LS-\-sb-Øs∂
krjvSn-°p-∂-h-bm-sW-∂mWv Hcp hn`mKw
imkv{X-⁄-∑m-cpsS ]£w.

`qan-bpsS Hmtcm A¿[-tKm-fØ - n-epap≈ At∏mƒ kzm`m-hn-Ia - mbpw kap-t{Zm-]c - n-

NqSp-≈Xpw XWp-∏p-≈-Xp-amb hmbp
GXm≠v 400 A£mw-i-Øn¬ sh®mWv
Iq´n-ap-´p-∂X - .v AhnsS amdn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-
∂Xpw A\n-b-{¥n-X-hp-amb Hcp AXn¿
Øn cq]o-Ic - n-°s - ∏-Sp-∂p. CtXm-Sp-_‘
s∏´psIm≠v {[ph-Øn\v Np‰p-ambn Hcp
henb aWvUe - Ø
- n¬ hmbp ]Sn™mdp
\n∂v Ing-t°m´v Id-ßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
{[phsØ Nqgv ∂p≈ Cu hmbp-a-WvU-
e-Øns‚ Id-°-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´mWv
`qan-bnse an°-hmdpw Imem-hÿm ÿn
Xn-Iƒ \ne-\n¬°p-∂s - X-∂mWv imkv{X-
⁄≥am¿ Icp-Xp-∂-Xv. DØ-c-{[p-h-Øn
se hmb-hns‚ hrØ-{`-aW - t- Øm-S\
AXns‚ A¥-co-£h - p-sa√mw krjvSn-°- ‘-am-bp-≠m-hp∂ h≥Im-‰p-I-sf-bmWv
s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A¥-co-£-hm-bp-hns‚ sP‰vkv{Sow F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. aWn-°q-
KpW-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw {]I-S-am-bn-´p-≈Xv dn¬ 300 \mgnI hsc thK-X-bp≈ Ch-
AXns‚ Ne\ kz`m-h-am-Wv. X∑m-{X-I bmWv `qap-JsØ G‰hpw thKw-Iq-Snb
ƒ kzX-{¥-ßfpw Airw-Je - n-Xß - f - p-am-b- Im‰p-Iƒ. ]Sn-™m-dp-\n∂pw Ing-t°m´p
Xn-\m¬ `uXnI ]Zm¿Y-ßf - n¬ G‰-hp-a- hoip∂ Cu Im‰p-Iƒ `qap-JsØ Imem-
[nIw Ne-\-kzm-X-{¥y-ap≈ hkvXp-°- hÿm LS-\-sb-Øs∂ krjvSn-°p-∂-
fmWv hmX-Iß - ƒ. hmbpaWvUe - Ø
- ns‚ h-bm-sW-∂mWv Hcp hn`mKw imkv{X-
Ne-\m-flI - X aqe-am-Wt√m Im‰p-If - p-≠m- ⁄-∑m-cpsS ]£w.
hp-∂X - .v Cu Im‰p-Isf kw_-‘n® Kth-
j-W-߃ \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. km[m-cWKXn-bn¬ Im‰p-If - p-≠m-hp-
EXp-{]-Xn-`m-kß - sf \nb-{¥n-°p∂ hmbp- ∂Xv A¥-co-£-hm-bp-hns‚ a¿Z-hy-Xym-
\o-°ß - f - psS KXn-hn-⁄m\w ]q¿W-ambn k-Øns‚ ^e-am-bn-´m-Wv. c≠p ÿe-
ad-\o-°n-°-gn-™m¬ sX‰n-√mØ IrXy- ߃ X-Ωn¬ hmbp a¿Z-Øn¬ hyXym-
amb Imem-hÿm {]h-N\ - ß- ƒ \S-Øm- k-ap-≠m-hp-tºmƒ a¿Zw IqSp-Xe - p≈ ÿ
\m- I p- s a- ∂ mWv ]cn- ÿ nXn imkv { X- e-Øp-\n∂v Ipd™ ÿe-tØ°v hmbp-
⁄∑m¿ Icp-Xp-∂-Xv. {]-hm-la - p-≠m-hp-sa-∂Xv kzm`m-hn-Ia
t√m. CXmWv Im‰ns‚ ASn-ÿm\ XØ-
Im‰p-Iƒ zw. ]I¬ ka-bØv kqcy-ci - a
v n-It- f‰v NqSp-
`qan-bnse hºn® Im‰p-Iƒ c≠p ]n-Sn-°p∂ `qXew sXm-´SpØp≈ hmbp-
i‡n-If - m-emWv DtØ-Pn-∏n-°s - ∏-Sp-∂s - X- hns\ X]vX-am-°p-∂-Xp-aqew Ahn-sS-
∂mWv Icp-X-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. kqcy-Xm-]hpw bp≈ hmbp X∑m-{X-Iƒ°v Ne-\t- hKw
`q{`-aW
- h - p-am-Wh - . Cu c≠p i‡n-If - psS h¿-[n-°p-∂p. CXv hmbp X∑m-{X-Isf
{]Xn-{]-h¿Ø-\ß - f- psS ^e-ambn DjvW- `qan-bpsS BI¿j-W-Øn-s\-Xnsc apI-
ta-J-e-I-fnse NqSp≈ hmbp XpS¿®-bm fn-te-°p-b-cm≥ k÷-cm-°p-∂p. `qX-e-
bn {[ph-ßf - nse ioX-hm-bp-hp-ambn IqSn- tØm-SS- pØ `mKØv Hcp \yq\-a¿Zw kr
°-e¿∂p-sIm≠v Imem-h-ÿ-Isf \nb- jvSn-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ CXv Imc-W-am--Ip-∂p.
{¥n-°p-Ibpw `qan-bpsS hyXykvX `mK- Cu ka-bØv kap-t{Zm-]c - n-Xe - Ø- p-ep≈
ßfn-ep≈ Xm]-Øs‚ `b-¶-c-amb G‰- hmbp NqSp-]n-Sn-®n-´n-√m-ØX - n-\m¬ AXn\v
°p-d-®n-ep-Isf XS-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Xmc-X-tay\ a¿Zw IqSp-X-em-bn-cn-°pw.
X-e-Øn¬\n∂v hmbp Ic-bn-te°v \o
ßpw. CXmWv IS¬°m-‰v. cm{Xn- ka-b-
Øm-Is´ CXn\p t\sc hn]-co-Xa - m-bmWv
kw`-hn-°p-∂X - v. thK-Øn¬ XWp-°p∂
- - Ic-bn¬ \n∂v XWp-Øn-´n--√mØ kap-t{Zm-
]-cn-Xe
- Ø- n-te°v cm{Xn ka-bØv hoip
∂ Im‰mWv Ic-°m-‰.v CXns‚ Hcp henb
]Xn-∏mWv Ime-h¿j-°m-‰p-Iƒ°v P∑w
\¬Ip-∂s - X∂v kmam-\y-ambn ]d-bm-sa-
¶nepw, \tS kqNn-∏n-®-Xp-t]mse AXn-
k-¶o¿Wamb {]{In-b-Iƒ hgn cq]-sa-
Sp-°p∂ Cu Im‰p-Is - f-°p-dn® ]e Imcy-
ßfpw C∂pw A⁄mX-am-Wv.
- p-_- taL-߃
`qan°p apI-fn¬ ]mdn-°-fn-°p∂
L\o-`-hn® Pe-I-W-ß-fpsS Hcp Iq´-am
Wv taLw. BIm-iØ - n\v kuμcyw \¬
Ip-∂Xv taL-°q-´ß - f - m-Wt- √m. hyXy-kX v -
Xcw taL-ß-fp-s≠-¶nepw Ah-bp-sS-
sb√mw s]mXp-hmb LS\ H∂p-X-s∂-
bm-Wv. Pe-IW - ß - f - mWv Ah-bn-ep-≈X - v.
A¥-co-£Ø - n¬ ]™n kam-\a - mbn ]c-
∂p-In-S°- p∂ Cu taL-°q-´ß - ƒ `qan°p
\¬Ip∂ tkh-\-߃ hfsc hep-Xm-
Wv. AXn-s√-¶n¬ `qan-bn¬ Poh≥ Akm-
[y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp∂p; amdn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂
Imem-h-ÿ-bp-≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n√; `qan-
bn¬ Xm]-Øs‚ Ak-l-\o-b-amb G‰-
°p-d-®n-ep-Iƒ D≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp∂p; a
- m-W-
t™m agtbm D≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.
ag-bpsS cq]o-Ic - Ww
Fß-s\-bmWv taLw ag \n¿a-n-°p-
∂-sX∂v JWvUn-X-ambn ]d-bp-hm≥ C
∂p \ap-°m-hn-√. GXm\pw Nne A`yql-
ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\Ø - n-ep≈ Nne kn≤m-
¥-߃ am{X-amWv \ΩpsS ssIh-i-ap-
≈-Xv. NqSp≈ \ocmhn Ie¿∂ hmbp
hfsc Db-c-Øn-se-Øp-tºmƒ AXns‚
Xm]-\ne hfsc Ipd-bp-Ibpw Pe-I-Wn-
I-I-fm¬ AXn-]q-cnX (SUPER SAT
URATED)amhp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. hmbp-
hn-ep≈ s]mSn-I-fnepw a‰p IWn-I-Iƒ

2006 G-{]n¬- 14
 ag-tbm-S-\p-_-‘-am-bp-≠m-hp∂ Hcp {]Xn-`m-k-am-Wt√m CSn-an-∂¬.
`qan-bpsS A¥-co-£-Øn¬ Znh-tk\ 30 e£w an∂-ep-Iƒ
D≠m-Ip-∂p-≠s{X! Hcp sk°‚n¬ icm-icn \qdp an∂-ep-I-sf-∂¿Yw.
Ic-bnepw IS-enepw an∂-ep-≠m-hp-∂p-s≠-¶nepw Ic-bn-emWv
IqSp-X-ep-≠m-hp-∂-Xv.

sa√mw ag-bp-≠m-°p-∂X - n\v klm-bI - a- m hp-Ibpw AXp aptJ\ `qansb AXns‚

°p Np‰pw Cu \ocmhn L\o-`-hn®v sh
≈-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. Cß-s\-bmWv ag-bp-
≠m-hp-∂-sX-∂mWv Hcp ]£w. agbpsS
cq]o-Ic- W
- Ø- n¬ sshZyp-Xn°v Hcp {][m
\ ]¶p-s≠∂v hmZn-°p∂h-cp-ap-≠v. Hm
tcm Pe-IW - n-Ib- nepw hnZyp-—‡ - n-bp-s≠-
¶nepw hncp≤ Nm¿P-pI - ƒ ]c-kv]cw \n¿
ho-cy-am-°p-∂X - n-\m¬ Ah hnZyp-’w-Xp-
e\ (ELECTROSTATIC BALANCE)Øn-
em-Wv. AXn-\m¬ GsX-¶n-ep-samcp _m
ly-i-‡n-bpsS CS-s]-S¬ aqew Cu
kwXp-en-Xm-hÿ `RvPn-®m¬ am{Xsa
taL-Øn\v ag-bmbn h¿jn-°p-hm-\m-hq.
hncp≤ Nm¿Pp-I-fp≈ Pe-I-W-ßsf ap
I-fn-te°p X≈n-°-b-‰p∂ s]s´-∂p≈
Im‰ns‚ Hcp Cc-®p-Ib - ‰
- a
- p-≠m-bm¬ kq
£-a-P-e-I-W-߃ H∂n-®p-tN¿∂p Iogv
t∏m´p ]Xn-°pw. Cß-s\-bmWv ag-bp-≠m-
hp-∂-sX-∂mWv as‰mcp ]£w.
`qan-bn¬ Poh≥ \ne-\n¿Øp-∂X - n¬
PeN-{I-Øn\v hfsc {][-\-s∏´ Hcp
]¶p-s≠∂v a\- n-em-b-t√m. Pe-N-{I
sØ kPo-ha - m-°p-∂Xv ag-bm-W.v ag-bn√m-
bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Ic-bn¬ Pohn-°p∂ Pohn-
Iƒs°m∂pw Xs∂ Poh≥ \ne-\n¿Øp-
hm≥ km[y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. ag-bv°m-
h-iy-amb kwhn-[m-\ß - t- f¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-
´p-≈Xv A¥-co-£Ø - n-em-Wv. A¥-co-£-
hm-bp-hns‚ LS-\bpw Ne-\-kz-`m-h-hp-
bn h¿Øn-°p-∂p. Cßs\ Im‰pw agbp-
sa√mw G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v a\p-jy\pw
Ah≥ B{i-bn-°p∂ Pohn-Iƒ°pw
Pohn-°m-\m-hi - y-amb kwhn-[m-\ß
s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xn\p ]n∂n¬ bmZr-—-n-I-X-
bpsS A‘-amb HØp-tN-ce - √- , {]XypX
Hcp alm-kw-hn-[m-b-Is‚ tkmt±-iy-
]q¿h-amb {]h¿Ø-\ß - f- m-W.v Nn¥m-ti-
jn-bp-≈h - ¿°v ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂X
C°m-cy-Øn¬ kqN\ \¬Ip∂ Jp¿-
B≥ kq‡-߃ ImWpI:
""(a-g-sb-∏-‰n) kt¥mj kqN-I-am-bn-
s°m-≠pw, Xs‚ Imcp-Wy-Øn¬ \n∂pw
\n߃°v A\p-`h - n-°p-hm≥ th≠n-bpw,
Xs‚ I¬]-\{- ]-Imcw I∏¬ k©-cn-°p-
hm≥ th≠n-bpw, Xs‚ A\p-{K-lØ
\n∂v \n߃ D]-Po-h\w tXSp-hm≥
th≠n-bpw, \n߃ \μn ImWn-°p-hm≥
th≠nbpw Ah≥ Im‰p-Isf Ab-°p-
∂Xv Ahs‚ ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn¬ s]´-X
s{X''- (30:46).-
""A√m-lp-hm-Ip∂p Im‰p-Isf Ab-
°p-∂h - ≥. F∂n´v Ah (Im-‰p-Iƒ) taL
sØ Cf-°n-hn-Sp-∂p. F∂n´v Ah≥ Dt±-
in-°p∂ {]Imcw AXns\ BIm-iØv
]c-Øp-∂p. AXns\ Ah≥ ]e IjvW-
ß-fm-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. At∏mƒ AXn-
∂n-S-bn¬ \n∂v ag ]pd-Øp-h-cp-∂-Xmbn
\n\°v ImWmw. F∂n´v Xs‚ Zmk-∑m-
cn¬ \n∂v Xm≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂h - ¿°v Ah
≥ B ag FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øm¬ Ah-c
Xm k¥p-jvSc - m-hp∂p''- (30:48).-
""taL-ßf - p¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ Im‰p-Isf
\mw Ab-°-I-bpw, F∂n´v BIm-i-Øp-
\n∂v \mw sh≈w sNmcn-™p-Xc
F∂n´v \n߃°p \maXv IpSn-°p-am-dm-
°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. \n߃°Xv kw`-cn-
®p-sh-°m≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n√''- (15:22).-
""A√m-lp-hmWv Im‰p-Isf Ab-®-h
≥. Aßs\ Ah taLsØ Cf-°n-hn-
Sp-∂p. F∂n´v B taLsØ \n¿Po-h-am
b \m´n-te°v \mw sXfn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-
\n¿Po-hm-hÿ - bv°v tijw \mw kPo-h-
am-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-Ø-
s∂-bm-Ip∂p Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬∏''-(v 35:9).-
- t- f¿ ""Xs‚ Imcp-Wy-Øns‚ apºn¬ k
t¥m-jk - q-NI - a
- mbn Im‰p-Isf Ab-®Xpw
Ah-\-s{X. BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v ip≤-amb
Pew \mw Cd-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
\n¿Po-h-amb \mSn\v AXp aptJ\ \mw
- v. Poh≥ \¬Ip-hm-\pw, \mw krjvSn-®n-´p
≈ [mcmfw I∂p-Im-en-Iƒ°pw a\p-jy¿
°pw AXv IpSn-∏n-°p-hm\pw th≠n''- (25:
48,49).-
""Ah≥ (A-√m-lp) BIm-iØ - p-\n∂v
sh≈w sNmcn-™p. F∂n´v Xmgvhc-If - n-
eqsS Ah-bpsS (h-en-∏-Ø-s‚) tXmX-
- n¬ \p-k-cn®v sh≈-sam-gp-In. At∏mƒ B
Hgp°v s]mßn \n¬°p∂ \pcsb hln-
®p-sIm-≠mWv h∂Xv''- (13:17).-
""\o I≠nt√? A√mlp BIm-iØ - p-
-\n∂v sh≈w sNmcn-™p. F∂n´v `qan-
bnse Dd-hn-S-ß-fn¬ AXv Ah≥ {]th-
in-∏n-®p. A\-¥cw AXp aptJ\ hyXy
kvX h¿W-ß-fn-ep≈ hnf Ah≥ DZv-
]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂p''- (39:21).-
CSn-an-∂¬
ag-tbm-S-\p-_-‘-am-bp-≠m-hp∂ Hcp
{]Xn-`m-ka - m-Wt√m CSn-an-∂¬. `qan-bpsS
A¥-co-£-Øn¬ Znh-tk\ 30 e£w an
∂-ep-Iƒ D≠m-Ip-∂p-≠s{X! Hcp sk°
‚n¬ icm-icn \qdp an∂-ep-I-sf-∂¿Yw.
Ic-bnepw IS-enepw an∂-ep-≠m-hp-∂p-
s≠-¶nepw Ic-bn-emWv IqSp-X-ep-≠m-hp-
∂-X.v IS-en-te-Xns‚ ]Øn-c´- n-tbmfw. F
¥mWv CSn-an-∂¬? sshZypX Nm¿Pp≈
- n-Ib - pw, taL-߃ XΩn¬ XΩnepw taL-ßfpw
`qanbpw XΩnepw A¥-co-£-Øn-eqsS
sshZypX Nm¿Pp-Iƒ {]h-ln-°p-∂-Xp-
aqew D≠m-Ip∂ A·n-kv^q-enw-Kß - sf
an∂-ep-Is - f∂pw X∑q-ea - p≠mIp∂ i_v
ZsØ CSn-sb∂pw hnfn-°p-∂p. CXp km
am-\y-amb Hcp hni-Zo-Ic - Ww am{X-am-Wv.
F∂m¬ CSn-an-∂-se∂ A¤pX {]Xn-

2006 G-{]n¬- 15

`m-kØ - n\v XnI®pw Xr]vXn-Ic - a
- mb hni-
Zo-Ic- Ww \¬Im≥ C∂pw Ign-™n-´n-√.
taL-ß-fn-se-ß-s\-bmWv sshZypXn-
bp≠m-hp-∂s - X-∂mWv C∂pw hni-Zo-Ic - n-
°p-hm≥ Ign-bmØ Imcy-ß-fn-sem-∂v.
CtX kw_-‘n® A©mdp kn≤m-¥-
߃ \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw H∂pw
]q¿W-a-s√-∂mWv Kth-jW ^e-߃
ImWn-°p-∂X - v.
Bbn- c - ° - W - ° n\v S¨ `mc- a p≈
Pemwiw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ h¿j-ta-L-ß
ƒ°-IØv \S-°p∂ k¶o¿W-amb {]{In-
b-If- psS ^e-ambn sshZyp-Xm-tcm-]a - p≈
IWn-I-Iƒ th¿Xn-cn-bp-Ibpw taL-Øn
s‚ apIƒ `mKØv [\-Nm¿Ppw Iogv`m-K
Øv EW-Nm¿Ppw k©-bn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
sNøp- ∂ p. Cßs\ taL- ß - f nse
sshZypX Nm¿Pp-Iƒ th¿s]´p Ign-™m
¬ AtXm-S\ - p-_‘ - a
- mbn `qan-bnepw Nne
am‰-߃ kw`-hn-°p-∂p. taL-Øns‚
ASn-`m-KsØ EW-Nm¿Pn\p Xpey-amb
[\-Nm¿Pv `qan-bn¬ {]Xn-^-en-°p-∂p.
Ch-bv°n-S-bnse sshZypX aWvUew
th≠{X i‡n {]m]n-°p-tºmƒ taL-
Øn¬ \n∂v `qan-bn-te°v ss]e‰v kv{So
a¿ (PILOT STREAMER) F∂p hnf-°-
s∏-Sp∂ πmkva-bpsS Hcp ]mX Xpd-°p-
∂p. sk°≥Un¬ 150 Intem-ao-‰dn¬
A[nIw {]th-K-ap≈ ss]e‰v kv{Soa¿
2006 G-{]n¬-
CSn-an-∂-ens‚ krjvSn-bnepw kwhn-[m-\-Øn-ep-sa√mw AP-ø-\mb Hcp
kwhn-[m-b-Is‚ i‡n hnti-j-ß-fmWv Nn¥n-°p-∂-h¿°v ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv.
`bw A¶pcn-∏n-°p∂ CSn-an-∂¬ t]mepw `qan-bnse Poh-Pm-e-ß-fpsS
\ne-\n¬∏n-∂mhiy-amb Hcp {]Xn-`m-k-ambn kwhn-[m-\n-®-Xn-∂p ]n∂n¬
tIhe bmZr-—-n-I-X-bmsW∂v ]d-bp-hm≥ _p≤n-i‡n ac-hn-°m-Ø-h¿°v
Ign-bptam?--
AXns‚ kao-]Ø - p≈ hmbp-hns\ Ab-
Wo-Ic - n-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ ]Sn-]S- n-bm-bp≈
Xo\m-fß - ƒ krjvSn-°s - ∏-Sp-∂p. GXm≠v
50 ao‰¿ \ofw hcp∂ X´p-I-fpsS Hcp
irw-J-e-bmb CXns\ s̸vUv eoU(STEPPED LEADER) F∂p hnfn-°p-
∂p. \ap°v ImWm≥ Ign-bp∂ BZy
sØ an∂¬ kqN-\-bm-Wn-Xv. CXv ss]
e‰v kv{Soa-dn-eqsS h∂v `qansb kv]¿in-
°p-∂t- XmsS sshZypX tcm[w \jvSs - ∏´
Hcp ]mX-bp-≠m-hp-∂p. `qan-bn¬ k©-
cn® Nm¿Pp-Iƒ CtXmsS 45000 Intem-
ao-‰¿ thK-X-bn¬ tatem´v taLsØ
e£y- a m°n ]m™- S p- ° p- ∂ p. 15000˛
300000c Xm]-\n-eb - n-ep≈ Cu aS° {]hm
lw (RETURN STREAMER) A¥-co£
hmbp-hns\ tizX-X-]vX-am-°n-Øo¿°p-
∂p. CXmWv apJyan∂¬. CXn∂v Ht´sd
imJ-If - p-≠m-hmw. IÆ-©n-∏n-°p∂ Cu
an∂¬ ]nW-cp-Iƒ°v 0.0005 apX¬ 0.5
hsc sk°≥Un¬ kabw ssZ¿Ly-ap-
≠m-bn-cn-°pw. kqtcym-]c - n-Xe
- s- Ø-°mƒ
A©n- c - ´ n- t bmfw Db¿∂ Xm]- a mWv
an∂¬ D≠m-°p-∂-Xv. CXp-aqew A¥-
co-£-hm-bp-hns‚ a¿Zw 300 aStßmfw
h¿[n-°p-∂p. X∑q-e-ap-≠m-hp∂ kao-]-
hm-bp-hns‚ kvt^mS-\-amWv CSn-sbm-®.
CXns‚ icm-icn i‡n 200 Intem {Kmw
Sn.-F≥.-Sn.-bpsS kvt^mS-\Ø - n\p ka-am-
bn-cn-°pw.
`b-∏m-Sp-≠m-°p-∂X - mWv CSn-an-∂s - e-
¶nepw AXv `qan-bnse Im¿jnI hnf-I
ƒ°v KpW-Zm-b-I-amb Hcp {]Xn-`m-k-am-
Wv. A¥-co-£Ø - nse ss\{S-Ps\ kky-
߃°v D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ ]‰p∂ ss\{S-
P≥ kwbp-‡ß - f - m°n am‰p-∂X - n¬ {][m
\ ]¶p-hl - n-°p-∂Xv CSn-an-∂e - m-Wv. ssa
t{Im sk°≥Up-Iƒ°Iw hmbpX∑m-
{X-Isf Ab-Wo-I-cn-°-s∏´ IWn-I-I-
fm°n am‰p-hm≥ CSn-an-∂-en\v Ign-bpw.
hmbp-hnse ss\{S-P≥, HmIvkn-P≥, Pe-
X-∑m-{X-Iƒ F∂n-hsb an∂¬ AWp-
L-S\ - t- bmfw hnL-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw icm-icn
16
Hcp B‰-Øn¬ \n∂v Hcp Ce-Ivt{Sm¨
hoXw \o°w sNøs∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
CXv aqew kky-߃°m-hi - y-amb ss\{S-
P≥ an{in-Xß- ƒ \n¿an-°s - ∏-Sp-∂p. Cß
s\ Hcp h¿j-Øn¬ icm-icn ]-Øp-tImSn
S¨ kky-߃°v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥
]‰nb coXn-bn-ep≈ ss\{S-P≥ an{in-X-
߃ \n¿Ωn-°-s∏Sp∂p. Cßs\ Hcp
h¿j-Øn¬ icm-icn ]Øp tImSn S¨
kky-߃°v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥ ]‰nb
coXn-bn-ep≈ ss\{S-P≥ an{in-X-߃
\n¿a-n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cßs\ Hcp h¿j-
Øn¬ icm-icn ]Øp-tImSn S¨ kky-
߃°v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥ ]‰nb coXn-
bn-ep≈ ss\{S-P≥ an{in-X-߃ \n¿a-n-
°-s∏-Sp∂p-≠v. temIØv samØw DZv] - m-
Zn-∏n-°p∂ cmk-hf - ß
- f
- psS ]Øn-c´- n-bm-
Wn-Xv.
CSn-an-∂-ens‚ krjvSn-bnepw kwhn-
[m-\-Øn-ep-sa√mw AP-ø-\mb Hcp kw
hn-[m-b-Is‚ i‡n hnti-j-ß-fmWv
Nn¥n-°p-∂h - ¿°v ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂X - v.
`bw A¶p-cn-∏n-°p∂ CSn-an-∂¬ t]mepw
`qan-bnse Poh-Pm-e-ß-fpsS \ne-\n¬∏n-
∂m-h-iy-amb Hcp {]Xn-`m-k-ambn kwhn-
[m-\n-®X- n-∂p ]n∂n¬ tIhe bmZr-—n- I - -
X-bm-sW∂v ]d-bp-hm≥ _p≤n-i‡n ac-
hn-°m-Ø-h¿°v Ign-bptam? CSn-an-∂¬
ssZhm-kX v n-Xz-Øn-\p≈ Hcp sXfn-hm-sW
∂v {]kvXm-hn-°p∂ Jp¿-B≥ kq‡w
ImWpI:
""`bhpw Bi-bp-ap-f-hm-°n-s°m≠v
\n߃°v an∂¬ ImWn-®p-X-cp-∂Xpw
BIm-iØ - p-\n∂v sh≈w sNmcn-bp-Ibpw
AXp-aqew `qan°v AXn-s‚ \n¿Po-hm-h-
ÿbv°p tijw Poh≥ \¬Ip-Ibpw
sNøp-∂Xpw Ahs‚ ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn¬
s]´-Xs{X. Xo¿®-bmbpw AXn¬ Nn¥n
®p a\- n-em-°p∂ P\-߃°v ZrjvSm-
¥-ßf - p≠v''- - (30:24).-
 B-hn-jv-Im-c-kzm-X-{¥y-hpw--
C-kv-em-apw-
Ckvemans\ {]Xn-ÿm-\Øv \n¿Øn- Btcm-]-W-ß-fpsS B[nIyw Ckvemw
s°m≠p≈ kao-]-Ime N¿®-I-fn¬ G am{X-amWv Bhn-jvImckzmX-{¥y-Øn\v
sd-b-[nIw D]-tbm-Kn-s°-s∏-´p-h-cp∂ XS w \n¬°p∂ GI aXhpw [¿a-hpw
F∂v Nn¥n-°p-∂h - cpsS kwJymh¿[-\-
XmWv Bhn-jvImckzmX{¥yw F∂ hm
hn\pw Imc-W-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-´p-≠v. Cu
°v. \ntj-[m-fl-I-amb Hcp A¿Y-Øn¬
]›m-Øe - Ø
- n¬ Bhn-jI v mckzmX-{¥y-
am{Xw Ckvemap-ambn _‘n-∏n-®p-sIm-
sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ CkvemanI kao-]-\-
≠p≈ Bhn-jI v mc kzmX{¥y N¿®Iƒ
ßsf-∏‰ - n Nn¥n-°m-hp-∂X - m-Wv.
tIc-f-Ønepw C¥y-bnepw temI-sØ
ßpw kP-o-h-ambn \S-∂p-h-cn-I-bm-Wv. Bhn-jvImcw
as‰mcp aXtam {]Xyb imkv {Xtam Z¿i- Bhn-jvIm-cw, kzmX{¥yw F∂o c
\tam Bhn-jvImckzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ ≠p hm°p-Iƒ tN¿∂-Xm-Wv Bhn-jI v mc
t]cn¬ C{X-am{Xw B{I-an-°s - ∏-´X
- mbn kzmX{¥yw. `n∂-amb A¿Y-ßf - p≈ Cu
ImWp-∂n-√. hna¿\-]-c-amb IS-∂m-{I-a- ]Z-߃°v Ah-bpsS Bi-bm¿Y-ßsf
W-ßf - n¬ Ckvemans\ t\cn-tS≠n h∂ ASn-ÿm-\a - m-°n-bp≈ kwtbm-P\w km
Iebpw kmln-Xyhpw Z¿i-\hpw Bi-bhpw XØ-z-hp-ambn Bhn-jvI-cW-Øns‚
DZv]-∂-߃ `n∂-ß-fm-bn-cn-°mw. Nn{X߃,- in¬]-߃,- Ihn-X-Iƒ, IY-Iƒ,
t\mh-ep-Iƒ, D]-I-c-W-߃, ]T\߃ F∂n-ßs\ B[p-\nI Ime-L-´-Øn¬
Bhn-jvIm-c-Øns‚ D]-cn-Xe LS-I-ß-ƒ hn`n∂ cq]`mh-ß-fp-≈-h-bmWv.
2006 G-{]n¬- 17
kn-\m≥.- sI-
[y-am-hp-Itbm km[y-am-Im-Xn-cn-°p-Itbm
sNøp∂ kμ¿`-ß-fp-≠v. a\pjy [nj-
W-bpsSbpw _p≤n-bp-sSbpw `mh-\m-]-c-
amb tijnbn¬ Du∂n\n∂psIm≠v N¿
® sNø-s∏-tS≠ hnj-ba - mWv Bhn-jI v m-
cw. Xs‚ _p≤nbnepw `mh-\-bnepw DZn-
°p∂ Imcy-߃°v Xt‚-Xmb coXn-bn¬
a\p-jy≥ {]Xy£cq]w \¬IpI-bmWv
Bhn-jI v m-cw. CXns‚ am[y-aß - fpw cq]-
ßfpw `n∂-ß-fm-bn-cn-°mw. Iebpw km
ln-Xyhpw Z¿i-\hpw Bi-bhpw XØ-z-
hp-ambn Bhn-jvI-c-W-Øns‚ DZv]-∂-
߃ `n∂-ßf - m-bn-cn-°mw. Nn{X߃,- in¬
]߃,- Ihn-X-Iƒ, IY-Iƒ, t\mh-ep-
Iƒ, D]-I-c-W-߃, ]T\߃ F∂n-
ßs\ B[p-\nI Ime-L-´-Øn¬ Bhn-
jvIm-c-Øns‚ D]-cn-Xe LS-I-ß-ƒ
hn`n∂ cq]`mh-ß-fp-≈-h-bmWv.
F°m-eØpw a\p-jy-\n¬ A¥¿eo-
\-am-bn-cp-∂n-´p≈ Hcp khnti-ja
Im-ca- mWv Bhn-jvImc XrjvW F∂-Xv.
kwkvIm-c-ßfpw PohnX]cn-k-c-ßfpw
C∂-tØXp-t]mse hnImkw {]m]n-®n-´n-
√mØ \q‰m-≠p-I-fnepw a\p-jy-cmin
kz¥w B¥-cnI tNmZ-\I - ƒ km[y-amb
hn[-Øn¬ Bhn-jvI-cn-®n-cp-∂p. ]cn-
jvIrX kaq-l-ß-fnepw \mK-cn-I-X-I-
fnepw Bhn- j v I m- c - ß - f psS DZv ] ∂
cq]߃ hne-a-Xn-°-s∏-SpI-bpw aqey
hXvI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ie-I-fp-
sSbpw krjvSn {]{In-bI - f - p-sSbpw {]mNo-
\-ßf - mb kw`m-h\ - I- ƒ Dcp-Øn-cn™ph
∂Xv Aßs\-bm-Wv. cmPm-°≥amcpw
{]`p- ° ≥amcpw `c- W - I ¿Øm- ° fpw
hnt\m-Zß - ƒ°pw _p≤n hnIm-kØ
Bibhn\n-ab - Ø- n-\p-ambn Bhn-jvIm-c-
Øns‚ hnhn[-Xcw DZv]∂ cq]-ßsf D]-
tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn. temtIm-Ø-c-ß-fmb
¢mknIv kw`m-h-\-I-fn¬ Nne-sX-¶nepw
]q¿h-Im-eØ - ns‚ ta¬]-d™ kml-N-
cy-ßfn¬\n∂v Dcp-Øn-cn™ph∂n´p-≈-
Xm-Wv. in¬]-ßfpw kmln-Xy-ßf
AØcw kw`m-h-\-Iƒ temI-Øns‚
hnhn[ `mK-ß-fn¬ NnX-dn-°n-S-°p-∂p.
]q¿hIm- e - Ø ns‚ Bhn- j v I mc
tijn-∏p-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°p-tºmƒ Ah-
bn¬ \∑˛ Xn∑-I-fpsS kΩn{iWw
\ap°v ImWmw. AXmXv \mK-cn-I-X-I-
fpsS kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw [m¿an-I-hp-amb
kz`m-h-߃ Bhn-jvIm-c-ßn¬ kzm[o-
\n-°p-Ibpw {]Xn-^e - n-°p-Ibpw sNøpI
F∂Xv kzm`m-hn-I-am-Wv. a\pjy Nn¥-
bp-sSbpw `mh-\-bp-sSbpw {]Xn-^e-\-
߃ Hcp ImeØpw \∑-bn¬ A[njvTn-
X-am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂n-´n√. Xn∑-I-fpsS t{]c-
W-If - n¬\n∂v D¤q-Xß - f - m-bh - bpw ]n¬
°m-eØv am\-h-cmin A¤p-X-tØmsS
ho£n-®-Xp-am-b \nc-h[n tijn-∏p-Iƒ
`qX-Ime Bhn-jvIm-cß - f - psS Iq´-Øn¬
D≠v. in¬]tam Nn{Xtam sI´n-Stam IrXn-
Itfm F¥p-X-s∂-bm-bmepw Xn∑-bpsS
{]Xy-£- cq]-amb NneXv- ]n¬°me a\p-
jy-cn¬ BZ-ch - p-≠m-°n-bX - mbn ImWp∂
kμ¿`-ß-fp-ap-≠v.
\mK-cn-I-X-I-fpsS kz`mha\p-k-cn®v
`n∂ cq]-ß-fm¿P-n® Bhn-jvIm-c-ß-fp-
≠v. {Ko°v tZh-XI - s- fbpw {Ko°v \mK-cn-
I-X-bnse a\p-jym-XoX i‡n-I-sfbpw
kw_-‘n-®p≈ in¬] cq]-ß-fn-ep≈
Bhn-jvIm-c-߃ t\m°p-I. Ah-bn¬
{]Xn-^-en-°p-∂Xv Ime-Øns‚ `mh\
- mb hn
{]mNo\ in¬]n-Iƒ°v \·X Hcp kuμ-cy-hpw kuμ-cy-Øns‚ ]q¿W-X-bp-
ambncps∂-¶n¬ B[p-\nI a\p-jy\pw \·-X-bn¬ am{Xsa kuμ-cy-Øns‚
]q¿W-X Z¿in-°m-\mhq F∂p iTn-°p-∂Xv Abp-‡n-bm-Wv. hnI-kn®
a\pjy[nj-W°v \·-Xsb adn-I-S-°p∂ kuμ-cy-t_m-[-Øn¬ FØp-hm≥
Ign™n-´n√ F∂m-Wn-Xns‚b¿Y-w.
F∂-tXm-sSm∏w B Ime-Øns‚ hnNmc C∂ns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ Bhn-jvImc
hnIm-cß - f - psS kz`m-hß - f - p-am-Wv. k¿∏ {]{In-b-Isf hne-bn-cp-Øp-hm\pw {Iao-
߃ tcma-ß-fm-bp≈ AX-oXa\p-jy¿,- I-cn-°p-hm-\p-amWv \∑-bn¬ hniz-kn-
a\p-jys‚ DSepw arK-Øns‚ Xe-bp-ap °p∂ a\p-jy¿ Xb-md- m-th-≠X - .v Cu Xbm-
≈ hnIrX cq]߃,- cXn-bp-sSbpw a\p- dm-he- ns‚ A`m-ha - mWv Bhn-jI v m-cs- Ø-
jys‚ klP hmk-\-I-fp-sSbpw {Iaw ∏-‰n-bn-ep≈ h¿Ø-am\Ime kwhm-Zß - -
sX‰nb hn\n-ab - ß- ƒ F∂n-ßs\ {Ko°v fn¬ \n∂v \∑-bp-sSbpw aqey-Øn-s‚bpw
in¬]-ßf - psS cq]-`m-hß - ƒ B Ime--Øn Xntcm-[m-\Ø - n\v ]›m-Øe - a - mbnØ-ocp-
- n\pw
s‚ [m¿a-nI - hpw aqey-]c - h
- p-amb Ah-ÿ- ∂-Xv. `qX-Ime a\p-jy¿ Bhn-jvIm-cß - -
Isf {][n-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂p. C¥y-bnse fn¬ h¿Ø-am-\-Im-eØpw B kzmX
{]mNo\ sshZnIkwkvIm-cØ - ns‚ cq]- {¥yw Bh-iy-amWv F∂p hmZn-°p-∂h - ¿
m¥coI-cW - Ø - n-eqsS Dcp-Øn-cn-™p-h∂ - n- Ncn-{X-Øns‚ ]cn-Wm-an-Ia - mb XpS¿®-sb
´p≈ AP¥m˛F- t √md in¬]- ß ƒ \ncm-Ic - n-°p∂ `qX-Ime {]W-bn-If - m-W.v
as‰mcp DZm-lc - W- a- m-W.v cXn-bpsS ssZhn- a\p-jy-cmin hf-sc-b-[nIw apt∂-dnb
I-Xb- n¬ Du∂p∂ {KmaoW C¥y≥ kw Cu Ime-L´- Ø - nepw Ah-jI v m-cß - f - n¬
- p-ambn
kvIm-c-Øns‚ {]Xn-^e-\-߃ AXn¬ {]mNo-\X - bpw Akw-kI v r-Xnsb A\p-[m-
ImWmw. Cßs\ t\m°p-tºmƒ Bhn- h\w sNø-W-sa∂v iTn-°p-∂-hsc am\-
jvIm-cß - ƒ kwkvI - m-cØ - ns‚bpw Ime- k-nI hnImkw {]m]n-®h - c- mbn KWn-°pI
Øn-s‚bpw at\m-`m-h-Øn-s‚bpw {]Xn- km[y-a-s√-∂-XmWv hkvXp-X. {]mNo\
^e-\ am[y-a-߃ IqSn-bm-Wv. a\pjy in¬]n-Iƒ°v \·X Hcp kuμ-cy-hpw
Pohn-XsØ kaIm-en-I-amb [m¿a-nI kuμ-cy-Øns‚ ]q¿W-X-bp-ambncps∂-
aqey \ne-hm-c-߃°-\p-k-cn®v kao-]n- ¶n¬ B[p-\nI a\p-jy\pw \·-X-bn¬
°p-∂X - ns‚ AS-bm-fß - ƒ Hmtcm krjvSn- am{Xsa kuμ-cy-Øns‚ ]q¿W-X Z¿in-
bnepw k¿K-]-c-amb tijn-∏p-I-fnepw °m-\mhq F∂p iTn-°p-∂Xv Abp-‡n-
ImWmw. Iem-]-c-ambn- hmgvØ-s∏-Sp- bm-Wv. hnI-kn® a\pjy[nj-W°v \·-
tºmgpw aqey-]-c-amb hni-I-e-\-Øn¬ Xsb adn-IS- ° - p∂ kuμ-cy-t_m-[Ø - n¬
\ncq-]n-°s - ∏-Sp∂ sshcp[-y kz`m-ha - p≈ FØp- h m≥ Ign- ™ n- ´ n√ F∂m- W n-
\nc-h[n `qX-Ime tijn-∏p-Iƒ \ap°v Xns‚b¿Y-w. ]m›mXy,- ]uckvXy kaq-
ap∂n-ep-≠v. Bhn-jvIm-c-Øns‚ Imcy- l-ßf - n¬ CØ-cØ - n¬ \·-Xsb kuμ
Øn¬ khn-ti-j-amb aqeym-[n-jvT-nX cyhXv-I-cn-°p-Ibpw BZ¿i-hXv-I-cn-°p-
Xnc-s™-Sp-∏p-Iƒ°v `qX-Im-e-Ønse Ibpw sNøp∂ \nc-h[n {]Xn-`I - sf \ap
Nne {]Xn-`-Iƒ Xb-m-dmbncp∂n√ F∂- °p ImWmw. kl-P-ku-μ-cy-tØm-Sp≈
Xns‚ DZm-lc - W - ß- f - mWv AØcw ssh A`n-\t- hiw F∂mWv kz¥w at\mssh
cp-[y- ß
- f - p≈ Bhn-jvIm-cß - ƒ. a\pjy I-ey-ßsf Ah¿ DZm-Øo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
al-Øz- Ø - ns‚ ]cn-t{]£-ytImWn-eqsS Umhn-©n-bp-sSbpw B©-tem-bp-sSbpw
t\m°p-tºmƒ Ah-bn¬ ]eXpw Xnc- Ncn-{X-ßsf Xmc-Xayw sNøp∂ ]T-\-
kvIr-Xß - f - m-bn-Øo-cpI kzm`m-hn-Iw. Øn¬ {^©v Iem-\n-cq-]I - \- mb sPan≥
Ncn-{X-Øn-s‚bpw aqey-ß-fp-sSbpw tjmK¿ Fgp-Xp∂p:
ASn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬ Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ Bhn- “\·-X-bpsS DZm-Øo-I-cWw [m¿a-n-
jvIm-cØ - n¬ [m¿an-Iamb kao-]\ - ß
- ƒ Ihpw aqeym-[n-jvTn-X-hp-amb hni-I-e-\-
Ahew_n-°p-I-bmWv icn-bpsS ]£w Øn¬ AwKo-I-cn-°p-s∏-SpI km[y-a-√.
F∂v hy‡-am-hpw. `qX-Im-eØv CØcw a[y-Im-eØ - ns‚ ss{IkvXh aqey-ßt- fm-
Hcp ]£-sØ-∏‰n N¥n-°p-hm≥ Ign- Sp≈ hnt[-b-Xz-amWv Cu \ne-]m-sS∂p
™n-cp-∂pthm C√tbm F∂v Nn¥nt° hna¿in-°p-∂h - c
- p-≠m-Imw. F∂m¬ \·-
≠ Bhiyw t]mepw DZv`-hn-°p-∂n-√. X-tbm-Sp≈ hnt[-bXzw hn{`-m-a-Ihpw
2006 G-{]n¬- 18
A\n-b-{¥n-X-hp-amb [njWm hyXn-bm- dm≥ Ign-bp-tºmƒ am{X-amWv {]Xn-`-
\-Øns‚ {]I-S-\-ambn thWw ImWp- Iƒ°v a\p- j y- c m- i n- b n¬ bYm¿Y- w
hm≥. kuμ-cy-Øn-s‚bpw DZm-Ø-X-bp- kzm[o\w sNep-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv.
sSbpw Imcy-Øn¬ {]mNo\ \ne-]m-Sp-I- Bhn- j v I - c - W - Ø nse kzmX- { ¥yhpw
fn¬ \n∂v apt∂m-´p-t]m-Im≥ Ign-bmsX aqey]£-Nn-¥I - fpw XΩn¬ kwL¿jw
hcp-∂-Xns‚ {]iv\w”. kzm`m-hn-I-amWv F∂v Dƒs°m-t≈
CXn\p kam-\a - mb \nc-h[n A`n-{]m- ≠Xp≠v. kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ A¿Y- \n¿h-
b-߃ \ap°p kzcq-]n-°m≥ Ign-bpw. N- \ - Ø nse {]iv \ - ß fpw Nne- t ∏mƒ
Ah-bpsSsb√mw BsI-Øp-I, Bhn-jv Bhn-jvIm-c-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ N¿®-I-
I-m-c-Øns‚ DZm-Ø-X-sbbpw aqey-sØ fn¬ Ahy-‡-X-bp-≠m-°m-dp-≠v. Cu
bpw Is≠-Øp-hm≥ hnI-kn-Xhpw [m¿an- hkvXpX hnkvac - n-®p-sIm≠v Bhn-jI v mc
I-hp-amb ]cn-jvIrX kao-]\-߃ Ah- N¿® km[y-a-√.
ew-_n-°p∂p F∂pw, \·-Xbpw Ahy- kzmX{¥yw Bhn-jvIm-cØ - nepw
‡-Xbpw k¶o¿W-X-bp-sams° Bhn- Pohn-XØ - nepw
jvIm-c-ß-fnse DZmØ KpW-ß-fmbn ]e A¿Y- km[y-X-I-fp≈ ]Z-amWv
KWn-°p∂ k{º-Zmbw _u-≤n-I-ambn kzmX-{¥y-sa-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ kzmX-{¥y-
Xnc-kvI-cn-°-s∏-´-XmWv F∂p-am-Wv. Øns‚ A¿Y-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw {]Xn-tem-
B[p-\nI Ime-L-´-Ønse Bhn-jvI-- a-Ia- m-bXv bmsXmcp \nb-{¥-Whpw C√m-
cW ]£-Øp-\n-∂p≈ aqey-\n-cm-I-c-W- Xn-cn-°pI F∂-XmWv. Cub¿Y-Øns‚
hm-Zn-I-sfbpw [m¿an-I-X-bpsS \ntj-[n- IqSnb tXmXn-ep≈ {]Xn-tem-a-I-X°v
I-sfbpw sNdp-°p-hm≥ ta¬]-d™ Imc-Ww, CXv a\pjy Pohn-bp-ambn Hcp
BsI-Øp-Isb \ap°v- D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ \ne°pw tbmPn-°p-∂n√ F∂-Xm-Wv.
Ign-bpw. a\p-jy≥ {]Ir-Xn-]c - a
- m-bn-Øs∂ ]e-\n-
Bhn-jvIc-Wß - f - n¬ aqeym-[n-jvTn-X- b-{¥-Wß - ƒ°pw hnt[-b\ - m-Wv. a\p-jy
amb hy‡-X-I-fpw, \≥a-tbmSp B`n-ap- s‚ Nn¥bpw _p≤nbpw [m¿jvSyhpw
Jy-ap≈ coXn-Ifpw A\p-h¿Øn-°pI B{K-ln-®m¬ Xs∂ kzmX-{¥y-\m-Im≥
F∂-XmWv hnth-I-a-Xn-bmb a\p-jy≥ ]‰mØ hn[-Øn¬ ]e-Xcw \nb-{¥-W-
sNtø-≠X - v. F¥pw GXpw Fß-s\bpw ß-fnepw {]Ir-Xn-]-chpw krjvSn-]-c
Bhn-jI v c- n-°pI F∂n-SØp \n∂v apt∂- hpamb ]cn-[n-I-fn-ep-amWv Ahs‚ \ne-
\n¬∏v. Cu hkvXp-Xsb ASn-ÿm-\-
am°n Nn¥n-®m¬ Xs∂ _p≤n-bp≈
Hcp a\p-jy\v kzmX-{¥y-sa∂ hm°ns‚
]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ Dƒs°m-≈p-hm≥ Ign-bpw.
sshb‡n-Ihpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb aWv
U-e-ß-fn¬ \nb-{¥W hnt[-b-am-bn´p
am{Xw {Iam-\p-K-X-ambn hnI-kn®p h∂-
XmWv a\pjy Ncn-{Xw. a\p-jy≥ a\ n
¬ ImWp-∂X - {- Xbpw {]hr-Øn-bn¬ hcp-
Øp-hm\pw C—-n-°p∂ F¥pw km[q-I-
cn-°m\pw a\p-jy\v Ign-™n-cp-∂-sh-
¶n¬ Ncn-{X-Øns‚ KXn as‰m-∂m-Ip-am-
bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v a\pjyNcn-{X
sØ°pdn-®p≈ sXfn™ Nn¥-Iƒ,
kzmX{¥y al-Øz- Ø - ns‚ \nZm-\ß - f- n¬
H∂v F∂- ]mT-Øn-te°p \bn-°p-∂p-
as‰m-cm-fpsS aq°ns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬ \nß-fpsS Iøns‚ kzmX{¥yw Ah-km-\n-
°p∂p F∂ sNm√v sk-≥ _pUn-k-Øns‚ kw`m-h-\-bm-Wv. temIØp hnhn[
\mK-cn-I-X-I-fnepw kwkvIm-c-ß-fnepw kam-\m¿Y-I-amb sNm√p-Iƒ ImWm-am-
bncn°-pw. F∂m¬ sshb-‡nI kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ ]cn[n \n¿W-b-amWv Cu
]gwsNm√ns‚ s]mcpƒ.
2006 G-{]n¬- 19
≠v. Cu ]mTsØ Xnc-kvI-cn-°p-∂-h-cm
Wv Ako-an-Xa - mb kzmX-{¥y-sa∂ D-t´m
]y≥ hmZ-hp-ambn cwK-Øp≈Xv.- hnNm-c-
]-c-amb k∂-≤X Ah-cn¬ \n∂v D≠m-
bn-s√-¶n¬ Ncn-{X-Ønse G‰hpw hgn-
sX-‰nb hn`m-K-ß-fn-emWv Ah¿ Dƒs∏-
Sp-Ø-s∏-SpI F∂ hkvXpX ]c-a-{]-[m-
\-am-Wv. sshb‡n-Ia - mb kzmX-{¥yhpw
kmaq-ln-I-amb kzmX-{¥yhpw Nn¥m-]-
c-amb kzmX-¥yhpw Bhn-jvImc kzmX-
{¥yhpw DZm-Øa - mb ]Zmhen-Iƒ Bbn-
cn-°s - h-Øs∂ Ah-bpsS bmYm¿Y-yß -
ƒ th¿Xn-cn-®d - n™v- Dƒs°m-t≈-≠Xpw
Bh-iy-am-Wv.
“as‰m-cm-fpsS aq°ns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬
\nß-fpsS Iøns‚ kzmX{¥yw Ah-km-
\n-°p∂p” F∂ sNm√v sk-≥ _pUn-k-
Øns‚ kw`m-h\ - b- m-W.v temIØp hnhn
[ \mK-cn-IX - I
- f - nepw kwkvIm-cß - f- nepw
kam-\m¿Y-I-amb sNm√p-Iƒ ImWm-am-
bn-cn°-pw. F∂m¬ sshb-‡nI kzmX-
{¥y--Øns‚ ]cn[n \n¿W-b-amWv Cu
]gwsNm√ns‚ s]mcpƒ. kz¥w Ic-am-
bmepw AXv- D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv as‰mcp
hy‡n-bpsS \ne-\n¬]n\v FXn-cm-Ip-∂n-
SØv kzmX{¥yw A-hk - m-\n-°p-∂p- F∂
hm°ns‚ A¿Y-w \ap°v ]nSn-In-t´-≠-
Xp-≠v. hy‡n hni-I-e\w sNøp-tºmƒ
AXns‚ Ako-an-XXzw km¶¬]n-Ia - mb
Hcp KpWw am{X-am-Wv. Hcp hy‡n°v
F¥pw sNøm-\p≈ kzmX-{¥y-amWv
hy‡nkzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ BsI-ØpI
F¶n¬ Cu kaq-l-Øn¬ \nb-a-߃,-
\nb-{¥W-߃ F∂n-h-bvs°m∂pw bm
sXm- c ¿Y- h pw D≠m- I p- a m- b n- c p- ∂ n- √ .
kz¥w Icw btYjvSw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-\p
≈ Hcp hy‡n-bpsS kzmX{¥yw as‰mcp
hy‡n-bpsS aq°n\p t\sc {]tbm-Kn-°p-
tºmƒ A]-cs‚ kpc-£n-X-Xz-sa∂
kzmX{¥yw l\n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. At∏mƒ
Hcp hy‡n-bpsS kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ A\n-
b-{¥n-XXzw A]-cs‚ kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚
kmwK-Xz-sØ-Øs∂ \ncm-Ic - n-°p∂Xm
bn-Øo-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ hy‡n-bpsS
kzmX-{¥y-Øn\v ]cn[n \n¿W-bn-°pI
F∂Xv kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ A¿Y-{]m-]v
Xn°pw {]mtbm-Kn-IX - °pw Bh-iy-ambn
hcp-∂p. a\p-jy-cm-in-bpsS Bhn¿`m-h-
Imew sXm´p-Xs∂ ]n¥p-S¿∂p-h∂ - n-´p≈
XnI®pw kmam-\y-amb Hcp Imcy-amWn-
Xv.- -AXm-bXv kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ A¿Y-
]cn-an-Xnbpw ]cn-[nbpw AwKo-I-cn-®p-

sIm≠p Xs∂-bmWv F°m-eØpw am\-
h-cmin \ne\n∂p-h∂ - n-´p-≈X - .v AXn-\m¬
\ncp-]m-[n-I-am-b-Xpw, bmsXmcp \nb-{¥-
W-an-√m-ØX - p-amb kzmX-{¥y-sa∂ Bi
bw Xs∂ A]-lm-kyhpw Abp-‡n-Ihp-
amb H∂m-Wv. CXv Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Nne ¿
°p km[n-°msX hcp-∂Xv- hnNn-{X-amWv.
hy‡n-I-fpsS Iq´mbva F∂ \nebv
°v kaqlw At\Iw kzmX-{¥y-ßf
kwK-aa- m-Wv. ]c-kv]c - h
- n-cp-≤ß
¬]-cy-ßfpw CO-Ifpw D≈ hy‡n-Iƒ
tafn-°p-tºmƒ AXv hncp≤ kz]v\ß
fpsS taf\w IqSn-bm-Wv. Cu hn[-Øn-
ep≈ kaq-l-Øns‚ \ne-\n¬]n\v hy
‡n-I-fpsS Bfl-\n-jvT-amb Xm¬-]-cy-
ßsf am‰n-sh-®p-sIm-≠p≈ \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ
Ah-ew-_n-t°≠n hcp-∂p. Hmtcm hy
‡nbpw kaq-lØ - n-\p-ta¬ kzXm¬]-cy-
߃ ASn-t®¬]n-°m≥ {ian-°p-tºmƒ
kaq-ls - a∂ LS\ inYn-ea - m-bn-Øo-cp-I-
bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. Cu inYn-eo-I-cWw
kw`-hn-°m-Xn-cn-°m-\mWv hy‡n-I-fpsS
kzmX-{¥y-ßsf \nb-{¥n-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS
Nne s]mXp[mc-W-I-fn-te°v kaq-l
sØ \bn-°p-∂X - v. hy‡n Xm¬]cyhpw
kaq-lX - m¬]-cyhpw FXn-cm-hp-Ib
aq-l-L-S\°IØp hy‡n-bpsS kzmX-
{¥y-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Aan-Xa - mb k¶¬]-
߃ HXp-°s - ∏-´p-t]m-hp-Ibpw sNøp∂
]e kml-N-cy-ß-fp-≠v. CØcw kml-
N-cy-ß-fn¬ kzmX-{¥y-sa∂ hm°ns‚
Ako-an-Xa - mb A¿Y-hp-ambn kaq-lsØ
A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ hy‡n-Iƒ \ncm-i-
cm-tI≠n hcpw. Npcp-°-Øn¬ hy‡n-
bpsS kzmX{¥yw kaq-l-Øns‚ \nb-
{¥-W-Øn\p hnt[-b-ambn ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-
Ø-s∏-Sp-∂p.
hy‡n-I-fpsS Iq´mbva F∂ \nebv°v kaqlw At\Iw kzmX-{¥y-ß-fpsS
kwK-a-am-Wv. ]c-kv]-c-hn-cp-≤-ß-fmb Xm¬]-cy-ßfpw CO-Ifpw D≈ hy‡n-Iƒ
tafn-°p-tºmƒ AXv hncp≤ kz]v\ßfpsS taf\w IqSn-bm-Wv. Cu hn[-Øn-
ep≈ kaq-l-Øns‚ \ne-\n¬]n\v hy‡n-I-fpsS Bfl-\n-jvT-amb Xm¬-]-cy-
ßsf am‰n-sh-®p-sIm-≠p≈ \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ Ah-ew-_n-t°≠n hcp-∂p.
kaql Pohn-bmWv Xm≥ F∂pw, Xm
≥ kaq-lØ - ns‚ `mK-amWv F∂pw Nn¥n-
°p∂ Hcp hy‡n°v Ako-an-Xa - mb kzm
X-{¥y-sa∂ `mh-\b - p-ambn apt∂m-´p-t]m-
Im-\m-hn-√. Nn¥-bn¬ A\p-`-hn-°p∂
kzmX{¥yw ]t£ Nn¥-bpsS {]I-S-\-
Øn¬ km[n-s®∂p hcn-√. `mh-\-bpsS
Imcy-Ønse hy‡n\njvT-amb kzmX
{¥yw Bhn-jvI-m-c-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬
am‰n-sh-t°≠n hcpw. Cu am‰n-sh-°-en
¬ kaq-lsØ {]Xn-bp≈ hnNm-cß - fpw
\nb-{¥-W-ß-fp-amWv D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I.
Xm≥ kaq-l-Øns‚ `mK-amWv F∂p
sXfn-bn-°m-\p≈ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-\n¿h-
lWw IqSn-bmWv CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ am‰n-
sh-°e - p-Iƒ. kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ hnthI
- psS ]q¿W-amb A¿Y-w Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-hsc
- f - mb Xm kw_-‘n®v CØcw am‰n-sh-°e - n¬ Iog-
S-ß-ens‚ {]iv\ta IS-∂p-h-cp-∂n-√.
`mh-\b - p-sSbpw Nn¥-bp-sSbpw Imcy-
Øn¬ hy‡n-b-\p-`-hn-°p-∂, a\- ns‚
]cn-[n-bn¬ am{Xw HXp-ßp-∂ kzmX-
{¥yw, Bhn-jvIm-c-Øns‚ taJ-e-bn¬
am‰n-sh-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv kaq-l-Øns‚ kz
ÿ-X-°pw, \≥a°pw Nne-t∏mƒ Bh-
iy-ambn ht∂-°pw. CØcw L´ß-fn¬
Bhn-jvImc kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ t]cn¬
kz¥w Xm¬]-cy-ß-fp-ambn apt∂m´p
t]mIp-∂-h¿ kaq-lsØ Ah-K-Wn-°p-
∂-hcpw X∂n-anØw kmaqly t{Zmln-I-
fp-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. kzmX{¥yw sImSnb
Xn≥a°pw A{I- a - Ø n\pw kmaqly
- pw, k Akz-ÿX - I - ƒ°pw CS-bm-°p∂ kml-
N-cy-߃ A`n-ap-Jo-Ic - n-°msX {i≤n-°p-
I-sb-∂Xp F∂pw a\p-jys‚ ss\Xn-I-
amb DØ-ch - m-Zn-Øß - f - n¬ H∂m-W.v {]Xn-
te-m-a-I-amb kzmX{¥y t_m[-hp-ambn
apt∂m´p Kan-°p-∂-h¿ am{Xta CØcw
L´-ßn-fn¬ [m¿jvSy-Øns‚ t{]c-W-
bn¬ IpSp-ßn-°n-S° - p-Ib - p-≈q. Xs‚ `mh-
\bpw Bhn-jvIm-chpw kaq-l-Øn\v
Xn≥a-bmbn A\p-`h - s
- ∏-Sp∂ kml-Nc - y-
߃ C√m-Xn-cn-°m≥ {i≤n-°mØ Hcp
hy‡n Bhn-jvIm-c kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚
2006 G-{]n¬- 20
t]cn¬ \S-Øp∂ Ah-Im-ih - m-Zß
- ƒ°v
aqeyw Xosc-bp-≠m-In√ F∂-XmWv hkv
Xp-X. ImcWw AhnsS aqeyhpw \≥a
bpw kaq-l-Øns‚ ]£-Øm-bn-cn-°p-I-
bpw, Bhn-jI v mc kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ t]cn-
ep≈ \n-e] - m-Sn¬ kmaqly t{Zmlw ]Xn-
bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
kaql \ne-\n¬]n\v `oj-Wn-bmbnØo
cpw hn[-Øn¬ Bhn-jvImc kzmX-{¥y-
Øn\v ]›m-Øe ]cn-h¿Ø\w t\cn-
tS≠n hcp∂ kμ¿`-߃ \nc-h-[n-bp-f-
f-Xp-sIm-≠mWv \ncp-]m-[nIw ]n¥p-W-
°m-hp∂ Hcm-i-btam ]£tam A√
Bhn-jvIm-c-kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-t‚Xv F∂v-
\ap°p ]d-tb-≠n-hc - p-∂X - v. ChnsS Nne
am\-ZW - vUß - fpw ]cn-KW - \ - I- fpw IS-∂p-
h-cn-Ib - pw, kzmX{¥yw icnbmw hn[-Øn-
e-s√-¶n¬ AXn\v sX‰mb A¿Y-w kn≤n-
°p-Ibpw sNøpw. h¿Ø-am\ Ime N¿®-
I-fn¬ Cu hkvXpX th≠{X Dƒs°m-
≈n-°-s∏-´-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂n-√. Bhn-jv
Imc N¿®-If - psS Dt≤i-ip≤n-bn¬ kwi-
bn-t°≠n hcp-∂Xpw AXp-sIm-≠m-Wv.
Pohn-X-Ønse kzmX-{¥y-hpw, Nn¥-
bnse kzmX-{¥y-hpw, Bhn-jI v m-cØ
- nse
kzmX-{¥y-hpsa√mw thdn´ km[y-XI - f - n-
eq-sSbpw kμ¿`-ßf - n-eq-sSbpw IS-∂p-t]m-
Ip-∂h - b - m-Wv. at\m-tem-IØv hy‡n°v
\¬I- s ∏- S p∂ kzmX{¥yw {]Xy£
temIØv A\p-`h - n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bW - s - a-
∂n-√. tImSo-iz-c-\mb Hcp hy‡n-bpsS
kº-Ø{- Xbpw Xm≥ kz¥-am-°p-∂X - mbn
k¶¬]n-°m≥ Hcp Zcn-{Zs‚ `mh-\bv°v
kzmX-{¥y-ap-≠v. F∂m¬ A°mcyw
hm°n-eqsStbm {]hr-Øn-bn-eq-sStbm
{]I-Sn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ B kzmX-{¥y-an-√.
AhnsS \nb-aØ - n-s‚bpw \oXn-bp-sSbpw
kmaqly kwhn-[m-\-Øns‚bpw CS-s]-
S-ep-Iƒ IS-∂p-h-cp-∂p. kzmX-{¥y-sa∂
hm°v Aaq¿Ø-amb Hcp kz`m-h-am¿P-n-
°p-∂-XmWv Cu Zcn-{Zs‚ `mh-\-bn¬
\mw ImWp-∂-Xv. kXy-Øn¬ a\p-jy-\p-
ambn _‘-s∏´ F√m Imcy-ßfpw Cu
]cn-anXn- D≈-S°w sNø-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. kzm
X-{¥y-sa∂ hm°n-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ a\p- \p-jnI temI-Øns‚ s]mXp-h-kvXp-°- °n-bX - .v btlmh \S-Ønb krjvSn {]{In
jys‚ `mh-\I - s - f-b{- Xbpw \ncm-Ic - n-°p- fmbn B IYm-]m-{X-ßsf I≠n-cp-∂p-sh- sb adn-IS- ° - p-∂h - b- mWv Nn{X-sa-gpØpw
∂-XmWv Pohn-XØ - ns‚ bmYm¿Y-yß - ƒ. ¶n¬, Aßs\ ImWp-hm≥ k`-Iƒ Hcp- in¬]-\n¿am-Whpw F∂v hmZn® ]ptcm-
AXp-sIm-≠mWv kzmX-{¥y-sa-∂Xv \nb- °-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ {InkvXphpw a‰pw ln-X≥amsc i]n-®p-sIm-≠mWv bqtdm-
{¥W-Øn-\v- hnt[-b-amb aqeyhpw \∑- C{X-b[ - nIw A]-lk - n-°s - ∏-Sp-am-bn-cp-∂n- ∏nse {]Xn-`I - ƒ Pohn-®n-cp-∂s - X∂v km¿
bp-am-sW∂v Im≥‰v ]d-bp-∂Xv (2). √. aqSn-sh-bv°s - ∏´ s]m≈-Øc - ß - f - psS {Xns\ D≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v Imƒbmv kvt]m-
Bhn-jvIm-cØ - ns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ Cu BsI- Ø p- I - s b- b mWv Znhy- X z- s a∂p gvkv Fgp-Xp∂p (4).
hkvXp-X-Iƒ ]c-a-{]-[m-\-am-Wv. Bhn- hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-sX∂v Nn¥n-°p- a\p-jy-`m-h\ - s - b-°p-dn-®p≈ B]-Xi v -
jvImcw {]Y-a-ambn kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv a\- hm≥ t{]cn-∏n-°p-amdv ss{IkvXh - X - b
- psS ¶-Iƒ ss{IkvXh ]utcm-ln-XysØ `cn-
 n-em-W.v at\m-temIw bmYm¿Y-y temI- \nb-{¥Ww Bhn-jvIm-c-Øn\pw `mh-\ °m-\n-Sb - mb kml-Nc - y-ßf - mWv \mw IqSp-
Øn¬ \n∂v `n∂-am-W.v bmYm¿Y-y temI °pw apI-fn¬ Im¬]mZaq∂n K¿thmsS X¬ Ku\n-t°-≠-Xv. aX-Øns‚ Bi-b-
Øp Bhn-jvImcw km[y-a-√mØ `mh- Db¿∂p \n∂p. ss\k-¿K-n-Ihpw kl- L-S\- s- bbpw aqeyt{iWo-Ic - W- s- Øbpw
\-If- p-≠.v AØcw `mh-\I - ƒ {]mh¿Øn- P-hp-amb Hcp tNmZ-\°pw apI-fn¬ Ir{Xn- hnizmk{Ia-ßs - fbpw AXn-h¿Øn-°p∂
I-am-°m-\p≈ kzmX{¥yw Bhn-jvImc a-amb Hcp XØ-z-Øns‚ \nb-{¥Ww ]pXnb Bi-b-߃ Bhn-jvIm-c-ß-fn-
kzmX-{¥y-am-sW∂v Bcpw ]d-bm-dn-√. ASn-t®¬]n-°pw-t]mse Ak-l-\o-b- eqsS Dcp-Øn-cn-™p-hc - p-sa∂ `bw am{X-
Aßs\ ]d-bp-∂-hsc ]cn-l-kn-°p-I-- ambncp∂p CXv. Bhn-jvIm-c-Øns‚ \n am-bn-∂n√ ]utcm-ln-Xy-Øns‚ `oXn°v
bmWv sNøp-I. Cu ]cn-lmkw A¿ln- jvIf - ¶
- a - mb `mh-\I - ƒ {InkvXp-hn-s\bpw ASn-ÿm-\w. ss{IkvXh aqey-ß-fpsS
°p-∂h - c
- mWv Bhn-jI v m-cØ- ns‚ t]cn¬ ss__nƒ IYm-]m-{X-ßs - fbpw AI∂pw Ir{Xn-aXzw tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sm-\n-S-bm-
F¥p-am-Im-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂h - c
- pw. bmYm¿ ASpØpw \n∂v ho£n-®p-sIm≠v B °p∂ bp‡n-bpsS DZ-b-Øn\v Bhn-
Yy-ß-tfm-Sp≈ \ntj-[m-fl-I-X-bmWv `mh-\-I-fpsS hgn I≠p-t]m-bn-cp-∂p-sh- jvIm-c-߃ \nan-Ø-am-Iptam F∂ `b
Ahy-ÿn-Xa - mb Bhn-jvImc kzX-{¥y- ¶n¬ Fß-s\-bmWv {InkvXp-hns‚ Znhy- hpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu `bw aqew `mh-
Øn-\p-th≠nbp≈ hmZ-ßn¬ B[n-] Xz-Øn\v CSnhp X´pI? F∂m¬ k≥a\ \m-[n-jvTn-X-ß-fmb Bhn-jvIm-c-ßsf
Xyw sNep-Øp-∂-Xv. kaq-lsØ \ntj-  v- ImWn-°m-ØX - ns‚ ]-gn-Iƒ k`-Iƒ k`m-t\-XrXzw \ncp-]m-[-nIw {]Xn-tcm-
[n-°p∂ [m¿jvSy-Øns‚ \ma-ambpw °pw tIƒt°≠nhcn-I-Xs∂ sNbvXp. [n®p h∂p. F¶n¬t]mepw k`-Iƒ `b-
aqey-ßsf hnK-Wn-°p∂ {]Xn-tem-aI - X - - Bhn-jvImc kzmX-{¥y-Øn\pw Iq®p-hn- s∏-´-Xp-t]mseØs∂ kw`-hn-°-bp-≠m
bpsS ]cym-b-ambpw Bhn-jvIm-c-kzm- e-ßn-Sp-I-bpw Nn¥sb \ncm-I-cn-°p-I- bn F∂mWv Ncn{Xw ]d-bp-∂-Xv. {^©v
X{¥yw A[x-]X - n- ° - p- I
- bmWv bmYm¿Yy- bpw, `mh-\sb Ah-a-Xn-°p-Ibpw sNøp Iem-\n-cq-]-I-\mb Atim-dkv an¬´¨
ß-fpsS \ntj-[Ø - n-eqsS D≠m-Ip-∂X - v. ∂ Ac-kn-Ia - mb {]mNo\ [m¿jvSy-amWv Xs‚ Hcp IrXn-bn¬ C{]-Imcw Fgp-Xp
aX-ßfpw Bhn-jv°m-chpw {InkvXp-aX - Ø
- ns‚ kz`m-hs - a∂pw h∂p- ∂p: “{InkvXp-a-X-Øns‚ inYn-eo-I-c-W-
tN¿∂n-cn-°p∂p” (3). Øn\v CS-bm-°p∂ ]e LS-Iß - fpw a\p
Ikm≥Zvkm-°ns‚ cN-\-I-sf-°p-dn-
aX-߃ Bhn-jvImc kzmX-{¥y- jy`mh-\b - psS kzmX-{¥y-Øn-eq sS Dcp-
®p≈ Hcp ]T-\Ø - n¬ sP∂n-^¿ temd≥
Øn\v FXn-cmWv F∂ kmam-\y-h¬°- Øn-cn-™p-h-cm-\n-S-bp≠v F∂ `bw
kv C{]-Imcw Fgp-Xp∂p: “ss{IkvX-h-
cWw hym]n-°p-hm≥ {InkvXp-aX - Ø - ns‚ bmYm¿Y-ya - m-bX - mbn a\- n-em-t°-≠n-bn-
X-bpsS ASn-®-a¿Ø-ep-I-fmWv ss_
kao-]\ - ß - ƒ Imc-Wa - m-bn-´p-≠.v k`-bpsS cn-°p-∂p. CXn\v \nc-h[n sXfn-hp-Iƒ
_nƒ IYm-]m-{X-ßs - f-°p-dn-®p≈ hnI--e-
IuZm-in-Ihpw hnizm-k] - c - h
- p-amb ]c-I Nq≠n-°m-´m≥ Ignbpw”.
amb Bhn-jvIm-c-߃°nS-bm-°n-b-Xv.
Ncn-{X-Ønse G‰hpw Zo]vXhpw {]k- ¬]-\-Isf inYn-eo-I-cn-°p-∂-h-bmWv “]Xn-s\m∂mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ {^©v
∂-hp-amb apJ-ß-fn¬ H∂m-bn-cp-∂n´pw Bhn-jvIm-c-ß-f-{Xbpw F∂v ]utcm- Nn{X-Im-c≥am¿ hc® {InkvXp Nn{X-ß-
{InkvXp-hns‚ Nn{XsØ A]-l-kn-°p lnXyw iTn-®p. {]]-©-Øn¬ Bhn-jv fn¬ {]I-Sa - mb Zb-\o-bX - b- p-sSbpw Zu¿
∂ `mh\msshIr-X-߃ ASn-®-a¿Ø- Imc kzmX-{¥y-Øn\v Htc-sbmcp DSa _-ey-ßf - p-sSbpw AS-bm-fß - ƒ {InkvXp-
s∏´ kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ {]Xn-Ic - W
- ß- f - m- am{X-ta-bp≈q F∂pw AXv km£m¬ hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ssZh-imkv{X hncp-≤-
bn-cp-∂p. aXm-flI - a - mb \nb-{¥W X¬]- btlm-hb - mWv F∂pw am¿∏m-∏a - m¿ hmZn- amb Nn¥-Iƒ°n-S-bm-°n-bXv AØ-c-
c-X-tbm-sSbpw k¶p-Nn-X-amb hnizmk ®p. k`-bpsS Ir{Xna Bib LS-\I - sf Øn¬ H∂m-Wv. a\p-jy-\m-bn-cn-°-th-
at\m-`m-h-tØm-sSbpw ss__nƒ IYm- kwc-£n-°p-hm-\p≈ N´-°qSv F∂ \ne- bp≈ {InkvXp-hns‚ ssZhXzw F∂ k
]m-{X-ßsf Dƒs°m-≈msX \∑-Xn-∑I - ƒ bn-emWv ss{IkvXh ]utcm-lnXyw `mho£-WsØ XInSw adn-°p∂ Nne
Xpey-ambn B[n-]Xyw sNep-Øp∂ am Bhn-jvImc kzmX-{¥ysØ C√m-sX-bm- ktμ-l-߃°v B Nn{X߃ \nan-Ø-
am-bn. AXp-hs - cbpw tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sm
aX-Øns‚ Bi-b-L-S-\-sbbpw aqeyt{iWo-I-c-W-sØbpw hnizmk{Ia-ß-sfbpw sX \n∂ ]eXpw tNmZy-ß-fn¬ tIm¿
AXn-h¿Øn-°p∂ ]pXnb Bi-b-߃ Bhn-jvIm-c-ß-fn-eqsS Dcp-Øn-cn-™p-h-cp- Øp-h-en-°-s∏-´p. As√-¶n¬ {InkvXp-
sa∂ `bw am{X-am-bn-∂n√ ]utcm-ln-Xy-Øns‚ `oXn°v ASn-ÿm-\w. ss{IkvXh hns\ Np‰n-∏‰n \q‰m-≠p-I-fmbn \ne-\n-
∂n-cp∂ Nne am\p-jnI ktμ-lß - ƒ°v
aqey-ß-fpsS Ir{Xn-aXzw tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sm-\n-S-bm-°p∂ bp‡n-bpsS DZ-b-Øn\v
]pd-tØ-°n-d-°p-hm≥ B Nn{X-߃
Bhn-jvIm-c-߃ \nan-Ø-am-Iptam F∂ `bhpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hgnsbmcpI-°n. Hcp a\p-jy\v F{]-
2006 G-{]n¬- 21
Imcw ssZh-am-Im≥ ]‰pw, a\p-jys‚
ssZ\y-Xt- bmfw kzbw sNdp-Xm-tI-≠b
hiyw ssZh-Øn-\p-t≠m, {InkvXp-hns‚
ssZzX-hy-‡nXzw At±-l-Ønse ]®-a-
\pjy kzXzsØ \ncm-Ic - n-°p-∂X - n-et√
sNs∂- Ø p- ∂ Xv F∂p XpS- ß n- b h
AØcw ktμlß-fn¬ Nne-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.
hn{K-l-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw Nn{X-ß-fn-eqsS
Bhn-jvI-cn-°-s∏´ {InkvXp Nn{X-߃
hnizm-k-]-c-amb _e-lo-\-X-IƒI°n-S-
bm-°n-bX - ns‚ ]mT-߃ kzoI-cn-®p-sIm-
≠mWv k`mt\XrXzw ]n∂oSv Bhn-jI
c-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ ITn-\a - mb \nb-{¥-
W-߃ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bX - .v {InkvXp-hns\
al-Xzo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw k`sb klm-bn-
°bpw sNøp∂ cN-\I - sf am{Xw hfsc
{i≤m-]q¿hw AwKo-Ic - n-°p-Ib - pw, A√m
Ø kz`m-h-ap-≈-hsb \njvI-cpWw Kf-
tOZw \S-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-
∂p. Ie-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-Øn-s‚bpw
Imcy-Ønse aqeym-[n-jvTn-X-amb Xnc
s™-Sp-∏p-I-fm-bn-cp∂p AsX∂p ]d-bp-
hm≥ \ap°v km[n-°n-√. ]utcm-ln-Xy-
Øns‚ B]-Xi v ¶
- I- f
- n¬ \n∂p≈ Ahn-
thI ]q¿Wamb \nb-{¥-W-߃ am{X-
am-bn-cp∂p Ah. CØcw \nb-{¥-W-ß-
fn-eqsS {InkvXp-hns‚ a\p-jy-Xsb {]ta-
b-am-°p∂ krjvSn-Iƒ kw`-hn-°m-Xn-cn-
°p-hm-\mWv k`mt\XrXzw B{K-ln-®-
sX-¶n-epw, {InkvXp-hns‚ a\p-jy-Xsb
G‰hpw tami-amb hn[-Øn¬ t]mepw
Bhn-jvIcn-°p∂ krjvSn-Iƒ [mcm-fa
≠m-hpI F∂-XmWp kw`-hn-®Xv” (5).
{InkvXp, {InkvXp-am-Xm-hv, {InkvXp-
in-jy≥am¿ F∂n-h-cp-ambn _‘-s∏´
\nc-h[n Nn{X-ßfpw in¬]-ßfpw \ne-
\n¬°sh {InkvXp-aXw Bhn-jv°mc
kzmX-{¥y-Øn\v XS w \n∂p-sh∂v ]d-
bp-∂Xv icn-bmtWm F∂v tPm¨ko-
ktdm F∂ ]ptcm-ln-X≥ tNmZn-°p-∂p
≠v(6). CXn-\p≈ adp-]Sn C‰mtem Im¬
hn-t\m-sb-t∏m-ep-≈-h-cpw, t_mZm¿Zv,
jznΩ¿ apX-em-b-hcpw \¬In-bn-´p-≠v.
{InkvXpaX-sØbpw Ie-sbbpw _‘-
s∏-SpØn Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ B¬^vdUv
jznΩ¿ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv C{]Imc-
amWv: “{In-kvXpaX-Øm¬ t{]m¬km-ln-
∏n-°-s∏-´Xv N¿®-pIfpsS \n¿am-W-hp-
ambn _‘-s∏´ Ie-Iƒ am{X-am-Wv.
N¿®p-Isf Ae-¶-cn-°p-Ibpw kpμ-c-am-
°p-Ib - pw, N¿®p-If- n¬ hnizmkn km∂n
≤yw Dd-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ BI¿j-
- m- B[p-\n-Im-h-t_m-[-ß-fpsS ^e-ambn hna¿i-\m-h-Im-isØ kzmX-{¥y-hp-ambn
_‘-n∏n-°p∂ s]mXp-k-ao-]\w C∂p-≠v. kzoI-cn-°p-hm\pw Xn-c-kvI-cn-°p-hm-
\p-ap≈ Ah-Im-i-sØ-bpw, hna¿i\ Ah-Im-i-sØbpw thdn´p-Xs∂ ImtW-≠-
Xp-≠v. ImcWw Xnc-kvI-cn-°pI F∂-Xn\v hna¿in-°pI F∂ A¿Y-tam,
kzoIcn°pI F∂-Xn\v hna¿in-°m-Xn-cn-°pI F∂ A¿Ytam C√.
Wo-b-X-bpsS hi-ßsf k`-Iƒ ]n¥p- ]utcm-lnXy Zp»-‡n-Iƒ ]c-am-h[n D]-
W-®p. \√ Nn{X-߃, in¬]-߃, kw tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p˛ F∂n-h-bm-Wv. ssZhnI
Ko-Xw, Ae-¶m-cß - ƒ F∂n-hb - n¬ kº- am¿K-Z¿i\ {]Im-c-ap-≈-tXm, aqeym-[n-
∂-amb {]mNo\ N¿®p-Iƒ Aßs\ jvTnXtam Bb Bhn-jvImc \nb-{¥-W-
v m-
D≠m-b-h-bm-Wv. hniz-hn-Jym-X-ß-fmb am-bn-cp-∂n√ k`-I-fp-tSXv F∂v a\- n-
{InkvXpNn{X-߃ k`-Iƒ AwKo-Ic - n-®Xv em-°m≥ ta¬]-d™ c≠p hkvXp-XI - ƒ
Ah k`-I-fpsS \ne-\n¬]ns\ klm- \sΩ klm-bn-°p-∂p-≠v. {InkvXp-a-X-
bn-°p-sa-∂X - p-sIm-≠m-W.v - k-Xy-k‘ - h - pw- Øn¬ \n∂p≈ A\p-`-h-ß-fpsS am]-I-
]t£, {InkvXp-hn-izm-k-ß-tfmSp \oXn- ߃ D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠mWv ]m›mXy
]p-e¿Øm-ØX - p-amb Bhn-jvIm-cß - sf aX-hn-a¿i-I¿ F√m-aX - ß
- fpw Bhn-jI v m-
\njvI-cpWw \in-∏n® Ncn-{X-ap≠v. {In- c-kz-X{- ¥y-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-sW∂v ]d-bp-∂X - .v
kv-Xp-hns‚ cq]w hc-°p-tºmƒ apJØv _m_mdm sl≥{Sn®v Fgp-Xp∂p: “aXß-
A¬]w Ccp-fna hoWp F∂-Xns‚ t]cn fpsS Ir{Xn-a-N-´-°q-Sp-Iƒ XI¿∂p Xcn-
tem a-t‰m- am{Xw k`-Iƒ ITn-\-ambn ∏-Wa - m-Ip-hm≥ Bhn-jvIm-cß - fpw [nj-
in£n® Iem-Im-c≥am-cpsS Ncn{Xw \ap- W-bpsS D¬]-∂-ßfpw \nan-Ø-am-tb-
°p-ap-∂n-ep-≠v. Ahsb Ah-K-Wn-®p- °ptam F∂ `b-amWv Bhn-jvImc
sIm≠v {InkvXp-aX - Ø- ns‚ Bhn-jvImc kzmX-{¥y-Øn-s\-Xn-cn¬ \n¬°p-hm≥
kzmX-{¥y-sØ-∏‰n N¿®sNøp-hm≥ kap- F√m-aX - ß- s - fbpw t{]cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv” (8).
°m-hn-√. _p≤n-bp-sSsbm `mh-\-bp-sS F∂m¬ CØ- c - s amcp kmam\y
tbm GsXmcp D¬∏-∂s - Øbpw k`-bpsS h¬°-cW - Ø - n-eqsS ]cn-tim-[n-°s - ∏-tS-
am\-ZW
- U v ß - f - p-]t- bm-Kn®v aqey-hn-Nm-cW ≠-X√ Ckvemans‚ Ncn-{X-]mTw Bib
sNøp-∂Xv ^e-Øn¬, B[p-\nI ho£- taJ-e-bpw. Ckvemw Bhn-jvIm-c-kzm-
W-{]-Im-c-ap≈ Bhn-jvImc kzmX-{¥y- X{¥yw A\p- h - Z n- ° p- I bpw F∂m¬
- p- Øns‚ \ntj[w Xs∂-bm-W.v B[p-\nI Bhn-jI v m-cs - Øbpw kzmX-{¥y-sØbpw
Ime-L-´-Ønepw k`-Iƒ B \ne-]m-Sn aqeym-[n-jvTn-X-ambn \n¿h-Nn-°p-Ibpw
¬ \n∂p apt∂m-´p-t]m-bX - mbn ImWp-∂n- sNøp-∂p.
√. ss{IkvX-hX Iesb `b-s∏-Sp∂n√ hna¿i-\Ø - nse Bhn-jvImc
F∂p≈ entbm tSmƒtÃm-bn-bpsS \oco- kzmX{¥yw
£-W-Øn\v km[q-I-cWw- e`y-a-s√∂p
B[p-\n-Im-h-t_m-[-ß-fpsS ^e-
Xs∂ a\- n-em-°Ww” (7).
ambn hna¿i-\m-h-Im-isØ kzmX-{¥y-
aX-ßsf Bhn-jvImc kzX-{¥y-Øn hp-ambn _‘-n∏n-°p∂ s]mXp-ka - o-]\w
s‚ t]cn¬ ]gn-Nm-cp∂ kzmX{¥y Nn¥- C∂p-≠v. kzoI-cn-°p-hm\pw Xn-c-kvI-cn-
I-cpsS \nco-£-W-߃°v bqtdm-]y≥ °p-hm-\p-ap≈ Ah-Im-i-sØ-bpw, hna¿
A\p-`-h-ß-fpsS ]cn-an-X-I-fp-≠v. aXw i\ Ah-Im-i-sØbpw thdn-´p-Xs∂
Ie- b p- a m- b pw, Bhn- j v I m- c - h p- a mbpw ImtW-≠X - p-≠.v ImcWw Xnc-kI v c
- n-°pI
c⁄n-∏n-se-Øp-Is - b-∂Xv Akw-`h - y-am- F∂-Xn\v hna¿in-°pI F∂ A¿Y-tam,
sW∂p ]d-bp∂ ]m›mXy bp‡n-hm-Zn- kzoI-cn-°pI F∂-Xn\v hna¿in-°m-Xn-
Iƒ hnkvac - n® c≠v ASn-ÿm\ hkvXp- cn-°pI F∂ A¿Ytam C√. hna¿in-
X-Iƒ (1) {InkvXp-a-X-Øns‚ Ir{Xn-a- °m-Xn-cp-∂p-sIm≠p Xs∂ Xnc-kvIm-c-
XzsØ Bhn-jvIm-c-kz-X-{¥y-Øn-eqsS hpw, hna¿in®p sIm≠p-Xs∂ kzoI-c-
Xpd-∂p-Im-´-s∏-Sp-sa∂ `bw k`-Iƒ°p- Whpw km[y-am-W.v Zu¿`m-Ky-hi - m¬ aX-
≠m-bn-cp∂p,- (2) F∂m¬ hn{K-lm-cm-[\ Xn-c-kvI-c-W-Øn¬, {]tXy-In®v Ckvem
XpS-ßnb Xn≥a-I-fpsS t]mj-W-Øn- ans‚ Imcy-Øn¬ hna¿i-\a - mWv Xnc-kI v -
\mbn Ie-sbbpw Bhn-jvIm-c-sØbpw c-W-Øns‚ ImX¬ F∂ \ne-]m-SmWv
2006 G-{]n¬- 22
Nne Zp¿_p-≤n-Iƒ Ah-ew-_n®p hcp∂ hna¿i\w AXns‚ auen-Ia - mb A¿
-Xv. t_m[-]q¿h-ap≈ Ipbp-‡nI kao- Y-Øn¬ am\-hn-Ia - mb Hcp ZuXyw Xs∂-
]\w Ckvemans\ IS-∂m-{I-an-°pI bm-W.v ]m›mXy Bi-bh - m-Zn-Iƒ hna¿i-
F∂ Xm¬- ] - c y- t ØmsSbp≈- X m- W v . \sØ ⁄m\- Ø ns‚ ]›m- Ø ew
hna¿i- \ - ß sf AXn- P - b n- ° m- \ p≈ F∂p hnfn-°p-∂Xv(9) Bb¿Y-Øn-em-Wv.
Bib kº-∂-X-bp≈ aXw F∂ \ne- F∂m¬ Ckv e mans‚ Imcy- Ø n¬
bn¬ Ckveman\v \n w-K-X-tbmsS ap hna¿i-\Ø - n\v Aam-\h - nI kz`m-hß - ƒ
t∂m-´p-t]m-Ip-hm≥ AYhm hna¿i-\ß - ImW-s∏-Sp∂ Nne L´-ß-fp-≠v. Bhn-
sf Ah-KW - n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. F∂m¬ jvIm-cØ- n-eqsS Ckvemw hna¿i\w \S-
Ckvemw hna¿i-\ß - sf Ah-KW - n-°p-I- ØpIbpw hna¿i-\-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬
b√ sNøp-∂X - .v hna¿i-\Ø
- ns‚ ImX¬ BhnjvImc- kzmX-{¥y-hp-ambn _‘-
Dƒs°m-≠p-sIm≠v kz¥w Bi-b] - £
- - s∏´ Ah-ImihmZ-߃ D∂-bn-°p-Ibpw
Øns‚ A\-\yX hy‡-am-°p-I-bmWp sNøp∂ kao-]-Im-esØ Nne {]h-W-
sNøp-∂-Xv. kzm`m-hnI hna¿i-\-ßsf X-Iƒ AØ-c-Øn¬ Aam-\-hnI ]›m-
Ah-bpsS a¿Ω-a-dn™p kao-]n-°p∂ Ø-e-ap-≈-h-bm-Wv. B[p-\nI kaq-l-
ssien-bmWv Ckveman-t‚-X.v Cu ssien- Øn¬ CkvemanI kwkvIm-cØ - n\p e`n-
sb-°p-dn®v A⁄X-bp-≈h - c
- mWv Ckvem ®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ kzoIm-cy-Xb - pw AwKo-
ans‚ "Ak-ln-jvWp-X'--sb-∏‰n hmNm-e- Im-ch
- pw hym]-\h - pw s]mXp kΩ-Xnbpw
cm-Ip-∂-Xv. hna¿i-\-ß-fn¬ kw`o-X-cm- Dƒs°m≈m≥ Ign-bm-Øh - cpw Ckvemw
hpI-tbm, hna¿i-\-Øns‚ hgn Ckvem hna¿i\w ]m›mXy at\m-`m-h° - m-cpsS
ans‚ kzXz-hn-\m-i-Øn-\n-S-bm-°p-sa∂v B\p-Iq-ey-߃ ]nSn®p ]‰p-hm≥ klm-
kwi-bn-°p-I-tbm sNtø-≠-bm-hiyw bn-°p-sa∂v Nn¥n-°p-∂h - c - p-amb ]ecpw
apkvenwIƒ°n-√. ImcWw Ckvemans‚ CkvemwaX -hn-a¿i-\-hp-ambn cwKØp
Ncn{Xw B coXn-bn-emWp hnImkw {]m kPo-h-am-bXp ImWmw. Ckvemans‚
]n®p h∂n-´p-≈-Xv. hna¿i\ \ncq-]-W- Bi-bm-Z¿i-ß-tfmSv ⁄m\m-[n-jvTn-X-
ß-fpsS A·n-bn¬ kv^pSw sNbvsX-Sp- amb kao]-\-߃ Ah-ew-_n-°msX
°-s∏´ Ckvema-√, kzXth kv^pShpw A⁄-X-bp-sSbpw A‘-amb ]I-bp-sS
kwip-≤-hp-amb Ckveman-s\-bmWv Ncn- bpw t{]c-W-I-fn¬ \n∂v Du¿Pw Is≠-
{X-Øn¬ hna¿i-I¿°p t\cn-tS≠n h∂n- Øp-∂-h-cmWv Ch-cn¬ ]e-cpw. I®-hS
´p-≈X - v. Xm¬]-cy-ßfpw, Ip{]-kn-≤n-bn-ep≈
taml-hpw, hm¿Øm-am-[y-a-ß-fpsS emf-
\-ßfpw B{K-ln®v Ckvemw hna¿i-\-
Øns‚ FSp-Øm¬ s]mßmØ `mcw
Npa-en-te¬°p-∂h - ¿°v DZm-lc - W- a - mbn
Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-hm≥ \nc-h[n \ma-t[-
b-߃ \ap°p ap∂n-ep-≠v. ]m›mXy
tem_n-I-fpsS CjvS-`m-P-\-ßtfm {]nb-
¶-ctcm Bb \ma-t[-bß - f - mWv Ah-bn¬
]e-Xpw. k¬ am≥ dpjvZn-bpw, Xkve - oam
\kvdo\pw a‰pw B ]´n-I-bn¬ hcp∂
Nne \ma-ßf - m-W.v Bhn-jI v m-ck - z-Xm-{¥y-
Øns‚ {]Xo-I]p-cp-j≥am¿ F∂ ]Z-
hn-bmWp Ch¿°v ]m›mXytemIw hI-
sh®p sImSp-°p-∂-Xv. Ckvemw Bhnjv
Imc kzmX-{¥y-Øn\p t\sc ]pe¿Øp
kzm`m-hnI hna¿i-\-ßsf Ah-bpsS a¿Ω-a-dn™p kao-]n-°p∂ ssien-bmWv
Ckveman-t‚-Xv. Cu ssien-sb-°p-dn®v A⁄X-bp-≈-h-cmWv Ckvemans‚
"Ak-ln-jvWp-X'-sb-∏‰n hmNm-e-cm-Ip-∂-Xv. hna¿i-\-ß-fn¬ kw`o-X-cm-hpI-tbm,
hna¿i-\-Øns‚ hgn Ckvemans‚ kzXz-hn-\m-i-Øn-\n-S-bm-°p-sa∂v kwi-bn-°p
Itbm sNtø-≠-bm-hiyw apkvenwIƒ°n-√.
2006 G-{]n¬- 23
∂ \ntj-[m-flI - a- mb kao-]\ - a - mWp Cu
Fgp-Øp-Imsc temI-Øns‚ IÆn-ep-Æn-
I-fm°n am‰n-b-sX-∂p-hsc Nne¿ F-gp-
Xn-sh-®n-´p-≈Xp \mw ImtW-≠X - p≠v (10).
“kmØm-\nIv thgvk-kn-eq-sS-bmWv
k¬am≥ dpjvZn ]m›m-Xy¿°v {]nb-¶c - -
\m-bX - v. AXy-[nIw _e-lo-\hpw Zp¿_-
e-hp-amb Hcp Bhn-jvIm-c-amWv Cu
IrXn-sb∂v ae-bm-fn-bmb Fw. IrjvW≥
\mb¿ apX¬°v B[p-\nI Xp¿°n Fgp-
Øp-Im-c-\mb Hm¿lm≥ ]mapIv(11) hsc
bp≈h¿ km£y-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. Hmdn-
b‚-en-kØ - ns‚ Ncn-{X-hn-jt- iJ-cØ - n¬
\n∂p-amWv k¬am≥ dpjvSn kmØm-\nIv
th-gvk-kns‚ cN\m _μp-°ƒ Is≠-
Øn-bs - X-∂pw, {]hm-NI Ncn-{X-sØtbm
Ckvemans‚ BZy-Im-esØtbm hkvXp-
\n-jvT-ambn ]Tn-®-dn-bp-hm≥ dpjvZn°v
km[n-®n-s´-s√∂pw thmƒlm¿]¿ Fgp-
Xp∂p (12). CXv GXm≠v Hcp Xn≥a-bn¬
\n∂v as‰mcp henb Xn≥a ]nd-°p-∂-
Xp-t]m-se-bm-sW∂v hn.-Fk - v. s\bv]m-‰n-
s\-t∏mse Nnecpw (13) \nco-£n-°p-∂p-≠v.
t\mh-enÃv F∂ \ne-bn-ep≈ Xs‚
{]Xn-`m-cm-ln-Xy-Øn\p ]pI-ad - b
- n-Sm-\mWv
IYm-]m-{X-ßf - n¬ NneXns\ {]tIm-]\ - -
ap-≠m°pw hn[-Øn¬ dpjvZn Bhn-jvI-
cn-®-Xv. cN-\-bpsS Cu I®-hSX{¥w
th≠{X hnP-bn®p F∂v dpjvZn-bpsS
]n∂o-Sp≈ A\p-`-h-߃ sXfn-bn-®p.
]m›mXy temI-Øn¬- kpJ-kp-c-£n-X-
Xz-ß-fn¬ Pohn-®p-sIm≠v kz¥w cN-\-
bpsS Xn≥a-Isf cpNn-®d - n-bp∂ Cu Fgp-
Øp-Im-cs\ Bhn-jvImckzX-{¥y-Øn
s‚ Aºm-kn-U¿ B°p-∂-h-cp≠v F
∂Xv AXn-hn-Nn-{X-Ic - a
- m-W!v Ckveman-t\m-
Sp≈ Bi-bm-[n-jvTn-Xa - mb ]I-sbm∂pw
dpjvZn-bpsS cN\ {]{In-b-Iƒ°p ]n∂n-
en-√m-bn-cn-°mw. Adn-bmØ H∂n-t\m-Sp≈
\oXo-Ic-W-an-√mØ im{X-hsØ hne-a-
Xn-t°-≠-b-hmiyw apkvenwIƒ°p-an-√.
]t£,- kaq-l-Øns‚ kzOamb at\m-
\n-eh- m-cß- sf A]-IS- I - c- a
- mbn aen-\s - ∏-
Sp-Øp∂ {]Xn-Nm-eI - `mh-\m-im-en-If - psS
]´n-I-bn¬ dpjvZn CSw Is≠-Øn-bn-cn-
°p-∂p. kq£vaa - mbn \nco-£n-°p-tºmƒ
dpjvZn-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ Ip‰-°m-cm-bn-Øo-
cp-∂Xpw Ckvemtam apkvenwItfm As√-
∂pw, At±-l-Øns‚ hnI-e-`m-h\ am{X-
am-sW∂pw Is≠-Øp-hm≥ km[n-°p-∂-
Xp-sIm-≠mWv ]m›mXy Fgp-Øp-Im-cn¬
Nne¿ Xs∂ dpjvZnsb X≈n-∏d - ™- Xv(4).

apkvenw kaq-lnI Pohn-XØ - n¬, Ncn-
{X-Ønse Nne Zp¿LS L´-ß-fn-ep-≠m-
Ip∂ A\o-Xn-If - p- s- Sbpw Xn≥a-If - p-sSbpw
]¿h-Xo-Ic - W
- a - mWv Xkveoam-˛\ - k- d v os‚
cN-\I - sf ]›m-Xy¿°pw Ckvemw hna¿-
i-I¿°pw {]nb-¶c - a - m-°n-Øo¿Ø-X.v kaq-
l-sØbpw aX-sØbpw thdn´p ImtW-
≠p∂ Ncn{Xk‘n-Isf Xncn-®-dn-bp-I
bpw thdn´p ImWp-Ibpw sNøm≥ km[n-
°mØ A¬]-am{X `mh-\m-im-en-bmbn
Øo¿∂p Xkveoam \kvdo≥. kzPo-hn-
X-Øns‚ Xmf-∏n-g-Isf am\-Z-WvU-ß-
fmbn kzoI-cn®p al-Ømb Hcp aX-˛k
kvIr-Xn-bpsS t\¿°v A]-I¿j-Xt- bmsS
t\m°p∂ Hcp kv{XoXzsØ \ap°v
Xkveoam-\k - dv os‚ cN-\I - f
- n¬ ImWmw.
Ah-cpsS cN-\I - s - f-°p-dn-®p≈ kaq-ly-
˛-a-\x-imkv{X \ncq-]-W-ß-fn¬ NneXv
Cu \nco-£-WsØ ]n¥p-W-°p-∂p≠v
F∂Xv {it≤-ba - mWv(15). bmYm¿Yy- t_m
[-Øn-e-[n-jvTn-X-amb kao-]-\-߃°p
]Icw Zp¿_e sshIm-cn-IX bpsS ]£-
ØmWv Ah¿ \ne-bp-d-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv
F∂p hy‡w.
Ckvemans‚ Ak-ln-jvWp-X-bpsS
Cc-Iƒ F∂ \ne-bn¬ kao] Ime-Øm
bn GsX-√mtam CSß-fn¬ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-
°-s∏-Sp-∂h - c- mWv ta¬]-d™ c≠v Fgp-
Øp-Im-cpw. F∂m¬ Ckvemw-˛-apkvenw
hna¿i-\-Øns‚ t\¿°p-t\¿ kao-]-\-
ß-fn-eqsS IrXy-X-bm¿∂ {]Xn-tj[w
tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-b√ Cu c≠p Fgp-Øp-
Imcpw sNbvX-Xv. I®-h-S-Øn\v H∂mw
ÿm\w I¬∏n-®p-sIm-≠p≈ Ir{Xn-aX
amWv Cu Fgp-Øp-Imsc A]-lm-ky-cm-
°n-b-Xv. Chsc ]n¥p-W-°p-Ibpw Ahn-
hna¿i-\-Øn¬ hn⁄m-\-]-c-amb IWn-iX Hcp A\n-hmcy LS-I-am-Wv. F∂m¬
kao-]Ime Ckvemw hna¿i-ß-fn¬ CXn-√. ]Icw kzmX-{¥y-sa∂ hm°ns‚
hnIe Xm¬]-cy-ß-fn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amb Nne Zpcm-i-b-߃ am{X-am-Wp-≈-Xv.
hna¿i-\-Øn∂v ⁄m\-]-cX \jvS-am-hp-Ibpw `mh-\m-fl-IX ap≥Xq°w
t\SpIbpw sNbvXm¬ kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv Fs¥-√mamtWm AsX-√m-amWv
\man∂p ImWp-∂-Xv.
jvImc kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ t]cn¬ \ymbo- hna¿i-\-Øn\p adp-h-iØp \n¬°p∂
I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h-cn-te°pw B hkvXp-Xm-]T - \- ß - s - fbpw \njv]£ - h - n-e-
A]-lm-kyX ]I-cp-Ib - p-≠m-bn. Ahn-iz- bn-cp-Ø-ep-I-sfbpw Bhn-jvImc kzmX-
k-\o-b-ß-fmb am\-Z-WvU-߃sIm≠v {¥y-Øns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬ \n∂v Hgn-hm-°p-
kz¥w hnI-em-h-t_m-[-ß-fpsS I®-hS ∂-h-cp-≠v. Ah¿ A¿Y--am-°p-∂Xv H∂n-
Bhn-jvImcw F∂ hm-°ns‚ icn-bn-bm- cn-°n¬ hnI-ea - mb Bi-bß - ƒ tcJ-s∏-
hn-h-£-sbbpw CØcw Fgp-Øp-Im¿ Sp-Øp-hmt\m AX-s√-¶n¬ A‘-amb
\ncm-Ic- n-°p-Ib- mWv sNøp-∂X - v. Ckvem hna¿i\ hmtNm-tSm-]-߃ D∂-bn-°m
ap-ambn _‘-s∏´ kao-]-Ime N¿®-I- t\m D≈ Ah-Im-i-amWv Bhn-jvImc
fn¬ CØcw \ma-t[-bß - ƒ IS∂p hcp kzmX-{¥y-sa-∂m-Wv. sX‰mb Cu A¿Y-
∂Xnt\mSp Xs∂ tbmPn-°m≥ \njv]- I¬]-\b - p-ambn Ckvemans\ kao-]n-°p-
£-aX - n-Iƒ°p {]bm-ka - mWv F∂-XmWv- tºmƒ Ckvemw Bhn-jvImc kzmX-{¥y-
hkvXp-X. Øn\v FXn-cn¬ \n¬°p-∂p-sh∂v Ah
hna¿i-\-Øn¬ hn⁄m-\-]-c-amb ¿°v hne-bn-cp-tØ≠n hcpw. F∂m¬
IWn-iX Hcp A\n-hmcy LS-I-am-Wv. bmYm¿Y-yw AX-√. \∑bpsSbpw aqey-
F∂m¬ kao-]Ime Ckvemw hna¿i- ]-£Ø - n-s‚bpw [m¿an-IX - b
- p-sSbpw ASn-
ß-fn¬ CXn-√. ]Icw kzmX-{¥y-sa∂ Ø-d-bn¬ \n∂p-sIm-≠p≈ Bi-bm-hn-
hm°ns‚ hnIe Xm¬]-cy-ßf - n¬ A[n- jvIc - W- ß- sf Ckvemw AwKo-In-°p-∂p.
jvTn-X-amb Nne Zpcm-i-b-߃ am{X-am- \∑-bpsS t]mj-W-Øn-\m-bp≈ kzmX-
Wp-≈-Xv. hna¿i-\-Øn∂v ⁄m\-]-cX {¥ysØ Ckvemw hne-a-Xn-°p-Ibpw
- w- \jvS-am-hp-Ibpw `mh-\m-fl-IX ap≥ Xq sNøp-∂p.
°w t\Sp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ kw`-hn-°p- Ckvemapw Bhn-jvIm-c-ßfpw
∂Xv Fs¥-√mamtWm AsX-√m-amWv \m
an∂p ImWp-∂X - v. Im¬]-\n-Ia - mb Bi- ssZhnI am¿K-Z¿i-\-amWv Ckvem
ans‚ A¥- -Ø. a\p-jys‚ Cl-]c
b-߃ D∂-bn®v Ckvemans\ IS-∂m-{I-
an-°p-I-bpw, hy‡-amb \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ c£-bm-WX - ns‚ e£yw. a\p-jys\ \∑-
bn-te°v \bn-°-bmWv Ckvemw sNøp-
kzcq-]n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bmsX hcp-∂n-S-ß-
fn¬ {]tIm-]\ap-≠m-°p∂ ssien-I- ∂-X.v Xn≥a-tbm-Sp≈ aqeym-[n-jT v n-Xa - mb
hntbm-Pn-∏p-Iƒ Ckvemans‚ kz`m-hi - o-
fpsS klmbw tXSp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-≠v
e-ßf - m-W.v a\-jy-\p-ambn _‘-s∏´ \∑-
]e-cpw. hna¿i-\ß - f- nse ⁄m\-LS- I - -
˛-Xn-∑-I-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬ a\p-jy-`m-h-\-
߃ th≠{X t]mjn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-bmsX
°-\p-kr-X-amb \n¿Æb coXn-Iƒ Ckv
hcp-tºmƒ Bhn-jvImc kzmX-{¥y-Øn
emw AwKo-Ic - n-°p-∂n-√. a\p-jy≥ kzbw
s‚ ad-]n-Sn®v \oXo-I-cWw tXSp-∂-h¿
ka-Im-eo\ k-aq-lsØ sX‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°- sa®-s∏´sX∂v Xocp-am-\n-°p∂ Hcp
bmWp sNøp-∂-Xv. AXy-[nIw PpKp]v Imcyw sa®-s∏-´X - mbn AwKo-Ic - n-°W - s - a-
kmh-lß - f- mb coXn-If - n-eqsS Ah¿ kaq- ¶n¬ AXv bYm¿Y-Øn¬ a\p-jy\v sa®-
l- Ø ns‚ {i≤m- ] m- { X- ß - f mbn \ne- ambXmbn-cn-°-Ww F∂v Ckvemw \nco-
\n¬°p-hm≥ B{Klw {]I-Sn-∏n®p hcp- £n-°p-∂p.
∂p-≠v. Ckv e mans‚ ta¬]- d ™ KpW-
Bhn- j v I mc kzmX- { ¥y- s Øbpw ßfpw kz`m-hß - fpw ASnÿm\-am-°n-bm-
hna¿i-\-sØbpw ]c-kv]cw _‘n-∏n- bn-cn-°Ww Bhn-jvIm-ck - zm-X{- ¥y-tØm-
®p-sIm-≠p≈ kao-]-Ime N¿®-I-fnse Sp≈ Ckvemans‚ kao-]\w hni-Ie - \w
- z- G‰hpw {][m-\-s∏´ Hcp ]cn-anXn hna¿ sNøp-hm≥. tIh-eb - p-‡n-b\ - p-kc - n-®p≈
i\w am{Xta Bhn-jvIm-c-kzm-X{¥yw hni-I-e-\ßfpw hne-bn-cp-Ø-ep-Ifpw
a\p-jy\v A\p-Kp-W-ß-fm-bn-cn-°-W-sa-
A¿ln-°p-∂p≈q F∂ \ne-]m-Sm-Wv.
2006 G-{]n¬- 24
∂n-√. AXn-\m¬ ssZhnI am¿K-Z¿i-\-
Øns‚ i‡-amb ]n≥_ew C°m-cy-
Øn¬ a\p-jy≥ B{i-bn-°W - s - a-∂mWv
Ckvemw \n¿tZ-in-°p-∂-Xv. Ie-Iƒ,
kmlnXykrjvSn-Iƒ, cN-\m-]-c-amb
{]{In-b-Iƒ F∂n-h-bn-sems° ta¬]-
d™ kao-]\ - a
- mWv Ckveman-t‚-Xv. Cu
hkvXpX ]cn-KW - n-®p-sIm-≠p-am{Xw ]cn-
tim-[n-t°≠ Hcp Jp¿-B≥ hmIyw C{]-
Im-ca- m-Wv:-
“Ihn-I-fm-Is´,- Zp¿am¿K-n-I-fm-Ip∂p
Ahsc ]n≥]-‰p-∂Xv. Ah¿ F√m Xmgv
hc-I-fnepw Ae™p \S-°p-∂-h-cm-sW
∂pw, X߃ {]h¿Øn-°m-ØXp ]d-bp-
∂-h-cmWv Ah-sc∂pw \o I≠nt√?
hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw k¬I¿-a-߃ {]h
¿Øn-°p-Ibpw A√m-lpsh [mcm-fa
kvacn-°p-Ib - pw, A{I-aØ - n-\n-cb - m-bX - ns\
XpS¿∂v Bfl-c-£°v \S-]Sn FSp-°p-
Ibpw sNbvX-h≥ CXn¬ \ns∂m-gn-hm-
Ip-∂p. A{I-a-Im-cn-Iƒ Adn-™p-sIm-
≈pw˛ X߃ Xncn-™p-ad - n™v Fß-s\-
bp≈ ]cym-h-km-\-Øn-emWv FØp-I-
sb∂v” (A»p-Ad - m-Av: 224˛227).
Ckvemw Ihn-X-sbbpw k¿K-m-flI
Bhn-jvIm-c-ß-sfbpw \ncm-I-cn-°p∂p
F∂-Xns‚ sXfn-hmbn Cu Jp¿-B≥
hmIysØ hna¿i-I¿ Nq≠n-°m-´m-dp-≠v.
F∂m¬ \ncp-]m-[n-I-amb Hcp \nb-{¥-
W-a√ CsX-∂pw, aqeym-[n-jvTn-X-amb
am¿K-Z¿i-\-am-Wn-sX-∂pw hmIy-Øns‚
Xm¬]-cy-ßf - n¬ \n∂v hy‡-am-Wv.
{]hm-NI - s‚ Ime-L´- Ø - n¬ Akm≥
am¿K-nI Ihn-Xb - psS h‡m-°f - m-bn-cp∂
Ihn-Is - fbpw Ah-cpsS cN-\I - s - f-bp-amWv
Jp¿-B≥ Xnc-kI v c- n-°p-∂X - .v e£y-t_m-
[-an-√msX Pohn-°p-I-bpw, Bcm-[-Isc
Xn≥a-bn-te°pw PohnX \ncm-I-c-W-Øn-
te°pw B\-bn-°p-I-bpw hm°pw {]h¿
Ønbpw XΩn¬ s]mcp-Øa - n-√mØ inYn
ehy‡nXzw ]pe¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂
A`m-k- `m-h\ - m-im-en-Is - f-bmWv Jp¿-B≥
X≈n-∏-d-bp-∂-Xv. aqey-c-ln-X-amb Bhn-
jvIm-c-ß-fn-eqsS CØ-c-°m¿ kaq-l
sØ hgn-sX-‰n°pw F∂-Xp-sIm-≠,v kaq
l\∑ -em°m-°n-bp≈ hna¿i-\-am-Wn-
sX∂p a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. Jp¿-B-
\ns‚ Ah-X-c-W-Im-esØ Ihn-I-fnse
Xn≥a-bpsS h‡m-°-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬
Jp¿-B≥ FÆn-∏-bp∂ kz`m-h-߃
]pe¿Øp∂ ]n¬ °m-e-°m¿°pw Jp¿-
B-\ns‚ ta¬]-d™ \ne-]mSp _m[-
I-am-Wv. AtX-k-a-bw, AØ-c-Øn-e-√m-
Ø-h-cpw hn`n-∂hpw aqeym-[n-jvTn-X-hp-
amb Pohn-Xhpw Pohn-Xc - o-Xn-Ifpw ]n¥p-
S-cp-Ibpw kaq-lØ - n\v shfn®w ]I¿∂p
\¬Ip-hm≥ k¿Ktijn hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-
Ibpw sNbvX-h¿ Jp¿-B-\ns‚ hna¿i-
\-Øn¬ \n∂pw Hgn-hm-sW∂v AtX hm
Iy-Øn¬ Xs∂ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.
kXy-hn-iz-kw, Xn≥a-Iƒ°p ]Icw
\∑-Iƒ, ssZh-kva-c-W, hnizmk kwc-
£-Wm¿Y-ap≈ bp‡-amb \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ,
\∑-tbm-Sp≈ B`n-ap-Jyw, a\p-jys\
\∑-bn-te°p \bn-°m-\p≈ Xm¬]cyw
F∂n-h-sbm-s°-bp-≈-hsc Hgn-hm-°n-
s°m-≠p≈XmWv Ihn-Iƒs°-Xn-cmb
Jp¿-B\ - ns‚ hna¿i-\h - m-Iyw. Cu hkv
- mbn XpX Ah-KW - n-®p-sIm≠;-v Jp¿-B≥ Ihn-
Isf Bt£-]n-°p-∂p, Ihn-Xb - psS Igp-
Ø-dp-°p-∂p, Bhn-jvImc kzmX-{¥y
sØ \nl-\n-°p-∂p, Nn¥-sbbpw `mh\-
sbbpw X≈n-°-f-bp-∂p-˛-F-s∂ms°
A‘-amb Btcm-]-W-ß-fp-∂-bn-°p-I-
bmWv Nne¿ sNøp-∂X - v. a\p-jy-cm-in-bp
sS am¿K-Z¿i\ {KŸ-amb Jp¿-B≥
A[m¿a-nI Ihn-Is - f-bpw A[m¿an-I Ihn-
X-sbbpw X≈n-∏-d-bm-Xn-cn-°pI F∂-
XmWv kXy-Øn¬ hna¿iy-am-bn-cn-t°-≠n-
bn-cp-∂-Xv. a\p-jys‚ A[a `mh-\-Isf
Jp¿-B≥ AwKo-I-cn-°-W-sa∂p ]d-bp-
∂-h¿ Jp¿-B\ - ns‚ e£y-sa-∂Xv hnkva-
cn-°b - mWp sNøp-∂X - v.
Bhn-jI v mc kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ Imcy-
Øn-ep≈ Jp¿-B-\n-Ihpw Ckveman-I-
hpamb kao-]\w Xncn-®d - n-bp-hm≥ A»p-
A-dm-Av A[ym-b-Ønse 224˛227 hmIy-
ßsf \ap°v am\-Z-WvU-am-°m-hp-∂-Xm-
Wv. a\pjy Pohn-XØ - ns‚ hna-eo-Ic - W- -
hpw hnip-≤n-bpw {kjvSm-hns‚ {]oXn°p
th≠n-bp≈ PohnX ka¿∏-W-Øns‚
km[y-X-Ifpw ap∂n¬ I≠p-sIm-≠p≈
bmYm¿Y-y kz`m-h-ap≈ Bhn-jvIm-c-
ßsf Ckvemw ]n¥p-W-°p-∂p. Imev]-
\n-I-amb anYy-I-fpsS F´p-Imen he-I-
fn¬ AI-s∏-SpØn a\pjy Pohn-XsØ
]mgm-°n-°-f-bp-∂-Xn-s\-Xn-cmb Pm{KX
Jp¿-B\ - n-\p-≠.v PohnXw tIhew Im¬]-
\n-Ia - mb Hcp taJ-eb - s- √∂pw I¿a-˛[
a߃°pw hmIv˛- h - n-Nm-cm-Zn-Iƒ°pw, ka-
b-˛k- μ - ¿`-߃°p-sa√mw aqeym-[n-jT v n-X-
amb {Iao-I-cWw Bh-iy-am-sW∂pw
AØcw {Iao-I-c-W-an-s√-¶n¬ Pohn-X-
Øn\v bmsXmcp A¿Y-hp-an-s√-∂p-amWv
2006 G-{]n¬- 25
Ckvemans‚ ho£-Ww. Imev]-\n-I-X-
bpw, anYym-`m-h-\-Ifpw a\p-jys‚ Nn¥-
sbbpw ka-b-sØbpw I¿a-ß-sfbpw
hrYm -]m-gm-°p∂ kμ¿`-ß-fn¬ Ckv
emw {]Xn-tcm-[-Øns‚ Bi-b-߃ ap
t∂m-´p-sh-°p-∂Xv a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-tØm-
Sp≈ Ckvemans‚ {]Xn-_-≤-X-bmWv
ImWn-®p-Xc - p-∂X - v.
AXn-e∏ - p-dw, a\pjy PohnXw Xs∂
Im¬]-\n-I-X-Iƒ°-Xo-X-amb am\-ß-
fp≈ bmYm¿Y-yß - f - psS taJ-eb - m-Ib
- m¬
Pohn-Xh - p-ambn _‘-s∏´ bmYm¿Yy-ß-
fpsS At\z-j-W-Øn\pw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-
en-\p-ambn Hcp hnizmkn Xs‚ hne-s∏´
kabw hn\n-tbm-Kn-°-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ckv
emw AXn¬ aqeyw Is≠Øp-∂p-ap-≠v.
Imev]\ - n-IX - b - psS aqey-߃ Imev]\ - nI
temI-Øp-am{Xw HXp-ßp-∂h - b - m-Wv. a\p
jy Pohn-XØ - ns‚ k¶o-¿W-XI - ƒ Bhn-
jvI-cn-°p-hm≥ Pohn-XsØ bmYm ¿Y-y-
t_m-[-tØmsS \nco-£n-°p-Ibpw ]®-
bmbnØs∂ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbv
Xm¬ aXn-bm-bn-cn-°pw. bmYm¿Y-yØ - n¬
\∑tbm aqey-ßtfm k∂n-th-in-∏n-°m≥
{ian-°p-∂Xv icn-b-√.
k¿K-m-fl-I-Xbv°v Ckvemw aqey-˛-
[¿a-m[ - njvTnX-amb \n¿h-N\w \¬Ip-I-
-bmWp sNøp-∂-Xv. ]m›mXy Iem-k-¶
¬]-ßf - p-sSbpw kuμ-cy-imkv{X kao-]-
\-ß-fp-sSbpw sX‰mb am\-Z-WvU-߃
Xnc-kI v c - n-®p-sIm≠v a\p-tjym≥ap-Jh - pw
ktXym≥ap-Jhpw k¿thm-]cn ssZthm
≥ap-Jh - a - mb bYm¿Y- \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ Ckv
emw apt∂m-´p-sh-°p-∂p. km¶¬ ]nI
temI-Øns‚ ambm hn{`-a-ß-fn¬ \n∂n-
d-ßn-h∂v bmYm¿Y-y temI-Øns‚ s]m
cp-fp-Ifpw s]mcp-fn-√m-bvaI - fpw Nq≠n-°m-
Wn-°p-∂p. k¿K-mfl - I - X F∂m¬ Akw-
`-hyhpw Ahm-kvX-h-hp-amb Imcy-ß-fp-
sSbpw kw`-h-ß-fp-sSbpw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-
ep-If-mWv F∂ ap≥hn[n am‰n-sh-®p-sIm
≠v Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ Ckvemans‚ ta≥a
Xncn-®d - n-bp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. sFlnI Pohn-
X-Øns‚ £Wn-I-X-°-∏pdw ]mc-{Xn-I-
X-bpsS A\-iz-cX - b- n-te°v Ckvemw IÆ-
b-°p-∂X - p-sIm≠v Im¬]-\nI k¿K-mfl - -
- ¿ I-X-bpsS aXn-hn-{`-a-ßsf Ah-K-Wn-°p
∂p F∂Xp kzm`m-hn-Iw.
B£-cn-It- am, Bi-b] - c
- t- am, krjvSn
]c-tam, Imhym-fl-Itam Bb GsXmcp
Bhn-jvIm-c-sØbpw \∑-˛-Xn-∑-IfpsS
]cn-t{]-£y-Øn-eqsS ]cn-tim-[n-°p-hm≥
Hcp apkvenw _m[y-ÿ-\m-Wv. kaq-l-
sØbpw kzXz-sØbpw ad-∂p-sIm-≠p≈
krjvSn-]-cX apkvenan\v AwKo-I-cn-°m-
h-X-√. kaq-l-`m-h-\-Isf t{]m¬km-ln-
∏n-°m-hp-∂-Xp-a-√. Pohn-XsØ D]-cn-π-
h-ambn kao-]n-°p∂ Hcp a\pjy \n¿an
X {]ÿm-\-a-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Ckv
emw CØcw IWn-i-X-Iƒ Ah-ew-_n-
°p-∂-Xv. Cu IWn-i-X-Iƒ a\p-jys‚
BXy-¥nI \≥a-°m-bp≈ ssZhnI
Bi-bß - f
- psS `mK-am-Wv. Chsb Nq≠n-
°m-Wn®v Ckvemw Bhn-jI v m-ck
- zm-X{- ¥y-
Øns‚ i{Xp-hmWv F∂p hnfn®p Iqhp-
∂-h¿ Bhn-jvIm-cw, kzmX-{¥yw, Bhn-
jvImckzmX-{¥yw, Ckvemw, a\p-jy≥
F∂n-ßs\ ]e-Xn-s‚bpw icn-bmb hnh-
£-Iƒ AZn-ap-X¬t° ]Tn®p XpS-tß-
≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Bi-b-Z-cn-{Z-amb A‘-
hn-a¿i-\ß- f- n¬ \n∂v Ah¿ ]n¥n-cn-tb-
≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. CsXms° Ah¿ DSs\
sNtø≠ Nne Imcy-߃ am{X-am-Wv.
kqN-\I - ƒ
1. B¿´v Hm^v Ft‰-Wn-‰n, sPan≥ tjmK¿, t]:43,
F∏n°v en‰-td-®¿ t]mbn‚ v, ]mcn-kv, 1948.-
2. ao\nßv Hm^v {^oUw- ˛ - ^ n- t emkv ^ n Hm^v
CΩm-\p-h¬ Im‚ v, t]Pv: 164, tPm¨ hn∂¿,
e≠≥, 1998.
3 Ikm≥Zv km°n-kv-˛-sse^v B‚ v {Intb-‰nhn
‰n, t]Pv: 34, sP∂n-^¿ temd≥kv, 1989,{]nè.
4. ^ntem-k^n B‚ v sse^v, t]Pv: 93, Imƒbm
kvt]m-gvkv, 1989˛P¿a-\n.
5. {InÃym-\n‰n B‚ v {Intb-‰n-hn-‰n, t]Pv:403,
Atim- d kv an¬´¨, F∏n°v en‰- t d- ® ¿
t]mbn‚ v, ]mcn-kv, 1999.
6. {InÃym-\n‰v B‚ v {^oUw Hm^v {Intb-j≥,
t]Pv: 59, A¬{^Uv jnΩ¿, 1989, e≠≥.
7. AtX IrXn, t]Pv: 119.
8. ly-qa-\nkw B‚ v B¿´v, t]Pv: 13, _m_dm
sl≥{Sn-®v, {_n´¨, 1979.
9. t\mfPv B‚ v hnkvUw, t]Pv: 19, FUzm¿Uv
eqbn-kv, e≠≥, 1985.
10.ªm v^an B‚ v Ckvemw˛-C≥- tamtU¨ en
‰td-®¿, t]Pv: 140, eqUvhnßv {_Æ¿, e≠≥,
1989.
11.ssah¿°vkv, t]Pv: 40, FUn‰¿-:- C¬bmkv
Iko≥K¿, CkvXmw-_qƒ, 2003.
12.dpjvZn-˛-am≥ B‚ v en‰-td-®¿, t]Pv: 23, t]mƒ
lm¿]¿, 2002 e≠≥.
13.AtX-Ir-Xn˛ t]Pv: 43.
14.AtX IrXn˛ t]Pv: 44.
15.ªm v^ao B‚ v Ckvemw˛-C≥ tam-tU¨
en‰-td-®¿, t]Pv: 160.
16.hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥, ae-bmf hnh¿Ø-\w, t]:542.

STATEMENT ABOUT OWNERSHIP AND OTHER PARTICULAR'S ABOUT NEWSPAPER

SNEHA SAMVADAM MONTHLY

1. Place of Publication : Niche of Truth, P.B. No. 1981,

Vyttila, Cochin-19, Ernakulam Dt., Kerala
2. Periodicity of its publication : Monthly
3. Printer's Name : M.Mohammed Akbar
Printer's nationality : Indian
Printers Address : Niche of Truth, P.B. No. 1981,
Vyttila, Cochin-19, Ernakulam Dt., Kerala
4. Publisher's Name : M. Mohammed Akbar
Publisher's Nationality : Indian
Address : Niche of Truth, P.B. No. 1981,
Vyttila, Cochin-19, Ernakulam Dt., Kerala
5. Editor's Name : M. Mohammed Akbar
Nationality : Indian
Address : Niche of Truth, P.B. No. 1981,
Vyttila, Cochin-19, Ernakulam Dt., Kerala
6. Name and Address of individual : M. Mohammed Akbar
who own the newspaper : Niche of Truth, P.B. No. 1981,
Vyttila, Cochin-19, Ernakulam Dt., Kerala

I, M.Mohammed Akbar hereby declare that the particulars given above are correct of the
best of my knowledge and belief.
(Sd)
Date: 01-04-2006 Publisher

2006 G-{]n¬- 26
 a-pl-Ω-Zv- \-_n-(-)
J-p¿-B-\n-s‚- shf-n-®-Ø-n¬-

-D-kv-a-m≥- ]m-e-°m-g-n- sW-¶n-¬- a-‰-pNn-e¿- ]d-b-p∂-Xv- a-pl-Ω-Zv- alØz-w ÿm]n-°p-hm-\pw kzbw t{ijv
\-_n()- H-c-p ssZh-Z-q-X-t\m- {-- ]-hm-N-I- T]Zhn Ic-ÿ-am-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ bmsXm
a\-pj-y-cm-i-n-sb- k≥-am¿-K-Øn-te-°- v- t\m- B-bn-cp- ∂n-t´-bn-√ F-∂m-Wv.- a-‰p Nn- cp \o°hpw a\-k-m-˛-hm-Nm-˛-I¿aWm A
\bn-°-phm-\p-w ]m-c{Xn-I- hn-P-b-Øn-s‚- -e-cm-hs´- H-c-p ssZ-h-Z-q-X-\m-I-phm-\p-≈- t±-lØ - n¬\n∂v D≠m-bn-´n-√.-
]m-X- tem-I-Øn-\v]--- -Tn-∏n-®p-sIm-S-p°p-h-m- al-Øz- t- am- tbm-Ky-Xt- bm- a-pl-ΩZ- n-\(v- ) (3) ssZh-Øns‚ kpc-£nX he-b-
\p--am-bn- - {]-]© - {- kjvS- m-hv- Im-em-Im-eß- C-s√-∂-pt]m-e-pw- ]-d-b-pI-b-pw- {]-N-c-n-∏n- Øn-\I - Ø
- pw ssZh-Øns‚ Xocp-am-\{- ]-
fn-em-b-n- A-b-®p-sIm≠-n-c-p∂- Zq-X≥am-c-p- °-pI-bp- w- sN-øp-∂p.- C-Xn-s\-√m-ap-≈- adp Im-chp-amWv At±lw A¥n-a- -Zq-X≥
sS-bpw- {]-hmN-I≥-am- c - p- sS-bp- w- ]-cº- c - - A- ]-Sn-bp- w- hn-iZ- o-Ic- W
- h
- p- w- hn-ip- ≤-Jp- ¿-B- Bbn-Øo¿∂Xv.- -
h-km-\-n-°p-∂-Xv a-pl-Ω-Zv- \-_-n-()tb-m- \-n¬- \¬I-s∏-´n- ´- p- ≠v.- a-pl-ΩZ- v\ - n- (- )-
- _
(4) hntcm-[n-Iƒ Btcm-]n-°p-∂-Xp-
S-pI-qS- n-bmWv.- ssZ-hn-I- am¿-KZ- ¿-i\ - Ø- n-s‚- ssZ-h\ - n-bp- ‡-\√ - - F-∂- -v ]-db- p- ∂-h¿-°pw-
t]m-ep≈ bmsXmcp Aam-\h - nI {]h-W-
G‰-hp- w- ]-q¿-Wa - m-b- c-q]- w- - a-pl-ΩZ- v- \-_n- A-t±lw- A-¥n-a-Zq-X-\-√- F-∂v- -hn-iz-kn-
X-Ifpw At±-lØ - n¬ D≠mbn-cp-∂n-√.
()-bn-eq-sS- `q-tKm-f-hm-kn-Iƒ-°-v \-¬-I- °-p∂-h¿-°p- ≈- a-dp- ]-Sn-bp- w- hn-ip- ≤- Jp¿-
s∏-´p-.- C-\n- a-\p- j-yam¿-KZ- ¿-i\ - Ø
- n-\m-bn- B-\-n-e-p≠v.- a-plΩZv-\-_n-()-sb--°-pd-n- hnip≤ Jp¿B-\nse hnhn[ hN-\-
®p≈- hn-i-p≤- J-p¿-B-\n-s‚- ]-cm-a¿-i- ßfn-eqsS {]hm-N-I≥() bpsS hy‡n
-H-c-p -Z-qX-\-pw- h-cm-\n-√- F-∂- A-Sn-ÿm-\- Xzw A\m-hc - Ww sNø-s∏-´n-´p≠v. A¥n-
]-c-h-pw- k-p{]-[m-\-h-pam-b- A-[ym]-\w- ߃- ]-cn-tim-[n-°-ptº-mƒ- H-cp k-Xym-
t\zjn-°-v a-\  - nem-°m≥- I-gn-bp∂- Imcy- a-Zq-X≥-, A\p-]a hy‡n-Xz-Øns‚ DSa,
IqSn- ap-lΩ - Z- v- \-_n-()-bneq-sS- \¬-Is - ∏- amXr-Im-tbm-Ky-amb Pohn-XØ
- n-eqsS e_v-
´n-cn-°p-∂p.- ߃- C-hbm-Wv-
[-{]XnjvT t\Snb alm≥ F∂n-ßs\
apl-ΩZ- \ -v _ - n-()- A-¥n-aZq-X\ - p- w- ]q¿ (1).- At±lw A√m-lp-hns‚ A-¥n-a-
s]mXp-hn¬ AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏´ F√m
W-am-b- ssZ-hn-I- am¿K-Z¿-i\ - Ø- n-s‚- hm- ZqX-\pw temI-Øn\p am¿K-Z¿inbpw B
KpW-hn-ti-j-ßfpw {]hm-N-I-\p-s≠-∂-
l-I\ - p- am-Wv- F-∂- k-Xyw- Aw-Ko-Ic - n- °
- p bn-Øo¿∂Xv kz¥w Xm¬]-cy-{]Imc-tam-
Xns‚ km£y-hm-Iy-߃ hnip≤ Jp¿
hm≥- Xbmdm-hm-Ø- \n-c-h-[n- P-\-hn-`m-K- kz¥w Xnc-s™-Sp-∏ns‚ ^etam Bbn-
B-\n-ep-≠v. AXn-\m¬ {]hm-N-Is‚
ß-fp- w- hn-izm-km-Z¿-i- \ne-]m-Sp-- Imcpw--tem- cp-∂n-√.
A\-\y-tim-`-bm¿∂ alZ-vhy‡n-Xz-Øn
I-Ø-p≠-v-.- Nn-e¿- h-n-i-z-k-n-°-p∂-Xv- C-\n- (2).- A√m-lp-hns‚ t]cnep≈ Ahm- s‚ km£y-hm-Iy-߃ Hcp kXym-t\zjn
b-pw- {]-hm-N-I≥-am¿- h-c-pw.- a-pl-Ω-Zv- \- kvXh Ah-Im-i-߃ sIm≠v kaq-l- At\z-jn-t°-≠-Xv hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬
_n-°v- ti-jw- ZqX≥- h-∂n-´p- a-p≠-v F-∂m- Ønepw kaIm-eo\ P\-Xb - nepw kz ¥w Xs∂bmWv. apkv-e-nw kaqlw {]hm-N-
2006 G-{]n¬- 27
 {]hm-N-I\v Ckvemw I¬]n-°p∂ ]cn-K-W-\-bpw, Ckveman\v _mly-amb t{kmX- p-
I-fn¬ \n∂v IS-∂p-h-∂n-´p≈ hy‡n-]q-Pm-]-c-amb ]cn-K-W-\-Ifpw thdn´p
ImtW≠Xpw Bh-iy-am-Wv. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ {]hm-N-I-s\-°p-dn®v \¬Ip∂
hnhc߃ hy‡n-]q-Pm-]-c-amb Xe-Øn-ep-≈-h-b-√.

I\v \¬Ip-∂- BZ-chpw ]cn-K-W-\bpw s≥-d- A¿-Yw- "ap-{Z'--F-∂m-sW-∂pw- A-ß- bm-W.v - ]q¿-Øn-bm-b- a-XØ - n-te-°-v bm-sXm-
apkv-e-nw kaq-l-Øn¬ Imem-¥-c-Øn¬ s\- h-cp-tºmƒ- "{]-hm-NI - ∑ - m- c- q-S- ap-{Z'- F ∂pw- I-q´n-t®¿-°p-hm≥- B¿-°pw- {k-jvSm-
IS-∂p-Iq-Snb H∂-s√∂pw, AXv hn-ip≤ ∂m-Wv- i-cn-bm-b- A¿-Y-sa-∂pw- "A-h-km- hv- A-\p-hm-Zw- \¬-Ip-∂n-√.- ap-If - n¬- sIm-
Jp¿-B\ - ns‚ am¿KZ¿i-\a - \- p-kc - n-®p≈ \-sØ- {]-hm-N-I≥'- F-∂p- ]-d-bm≥- ]m- Sp-Ø- kq-‡Ø - n¬- B-Zy- w- ]-db - p-∂X - -v "\n-
Nn¥m-KXn Xs∂-bm-sW∂pw hna¿i-I¿ Sn-s√-∂pw- C-\n-bpw- \-_n-am¿- h-cpw- F-∂- ß-fp-sS- a-Xw- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n-Ø-∂n-cn-°p-
a\- n-em-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. B-ib-Øn-s≥-d- h‡m-°ƒ- hym-Jym\n ∂p'- F-∂m-Wv.- ti-jw- "F-s‚--A\ - p-{K-lw-
{]hm-N-I\v Ckvemw I¬]n-°p∂ ®p-h-cp-∂p.- -bm-sXm-∂pw- D-≈n-te-°v- I-S- \n-߃ - °- -v Rm≥- ]q¿-Wa - m-°n-Ø∂n-cn-°p-
]cn-K-W-\-bpw, Ckveman\v _mly-amb °m-Ø- \n-eb - ° v- v- kw-c£ - n-°p-∂X - n-\v- "ap- ∂p'- F-∂pw- ]-d-bp-∂p.- ]q¿-W-am-°-s∏-´-
t{kmX- p-If - n¬ \n∂v IS-∂p-h∂ - n-´p≈ {Z- sh-®p-'- F-∂v- ]-d-bm-dp-≠v.- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \ a-XØ - n-epw- A-\p-{K-lØn-epw- - {]-hm-NI-
hy‡n-]q-Pm-]c - a
- mb ]cn-KW - \ - I - fpw th _n()- {]-hm-NI - ∑ - m-cp-sS- ap-{Z- b - m-sW-∂p- Xzw- F-ß-s\-bm-Wv- Dƒ-s]-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-I?-
dn´p ImtW-≠Xpw Bh-iy-am-W.v hnip≤ ]-d-™m¬- A-Xn-s≥-d- A¿-Yw- C-\n-sbm- ap-lΩ - Z- -v \-_n-()- tem-Im-\p-{K-ln-bm-sW-
Jp¿-B≥ {]hm-NI - s- \-°p-dn®v \¬Ip∂ cp- \-_n-bpw- h-cm-\n-√- F-∂p-X-s∂-b-t√?- ∂-Xn¬- kw-ib - a
- n-√.- {]-hm-NI - X- z-am-Ip-∂-
hnh-cß - ƒ hy‡n-]q-Pm-]c - a- mb Xe-Øn- B- ap-{Z- s]m-´n-®m-e-t√- a-s‰m-cp- {]-hm-N- A-\p-{K-lw- ]q¿-Øn-bm-bn- F-∂-v Jp¿-B≥-
ep-≈h - b - √
- . Hcp hnizmkn kzm-`m-hn-Iam I≥- h-cn-I-bp-≈q?- A-ß-s\- kw-`-hn-°p- ]-d-bp-tºmƒ- C-\n-bpw- {]-hm-N-I-∑m¿- h-
bpw Adn-™n-cn-t°-≠Xpw AwKo-Ic - n-t°- I- F-∂X - -v Jp¿-B\ - n-Im-ib - Ø - n-\p- hn-cp≤- cpw- F-∂- hn-izm-kw- Jp¿B-\n-Im-[ym-]-
≠-Xp-amb hnj-b-ßfpw Imcy-ßfpw am am-In-t√?- H-cp- Jq¿-B≥- kq-‡w- Im-Wp- \-߃-°v- hn-cp-≤-am-sW-∂v- hy-‡w.-
{Xsa hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ At±-l-sØ- I-:- ""A-√m-lp- A-h-cp-sS- lr--Z-b-ß-ƒ-°pw- A√m-lp-hns≥-d- X-We - n¬-
°p-dn®v- \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂p-≈q. {]hm-NI hy sN-hn-Iƒ-°q-w- ap-{Z-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂p--.....''- (2:7).- apl-ΩZv \_n() kzX-{¥-amb A[n
‡n-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®v ]cn-]Iz amb Hcp lr--Zb - ß - ƒ - °- pw- sN-hn-Iƒ-°q-w ap-{Z-sh-®n- Im-chpw tkz—-b-\p-k-cn-®p≈ {]h¿Ø
Ah-t_m[w cq]o-Ic - n-°p-∂X - n\v hnip≤ cn-°p-∂p F-∂p- ]-d-™-Xn-s≥- D-t±-iy-w- kzmX-{¥yhpw \¬I-s∏´ hy ‡n-bm-bn-
Jp¿-B-\nse ]cm-a¿i-߃ ]cym-]vX- k-Xyk-tμ-iw- A-hbn¬- {]-th-in-°n-√- cp-∂n-√. Xs∂ Ab® \mYs‚ I¬]-\-
amWv. A-Y-hm- tIƒ-°p-hm-\pw- Dƒ-sIm-≈p-hm- Iƒ°pw Xm¬]-cy-߃°pw D]-cn-bmb
A¥n-aZ- q-X≥- \pw- A-h¿-°- v- I-gn-bn-√- -F-∂m-Wv.- \-_n- {]h¿Ø-\ coXn-Iƒ Ah-ew-_n-°p-hm-
am¿-°v- ap{Z- sh-®p- F-∂p- ]-d-™m¬-
apl-ΩZv\_ - n-()sb Ah-km-\ sØ- t\m, C—-b\ - p-kc - n®v {]h¿Øn-°p-hmt\m
{]hm-NI - X - z-Øn-te-°v- C-\n- B-cpw- {]-th- At±lw A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂n-√.
ssZ-hZ- q-X\ - m-bn- A-wKo-Ic - n-t°-≠Xv Ckv
in-°n-√- F-∂¿-Yw.- ap-lΩ - Z- v- \-_n()- A-
emanIm-Z¿-iw-- ]n-¥p-S-cp-hm≥- D-t±-in-°p- ""A-t±-lw- X-∂n-jS-v {- ]-Im-cw- - kw-km-cn-
h-km-\s - Ø- {]-hm-NI - \ - m-sW-∂v- hy-‡w.-
∂-hs - ≥-d- I-Sa - b- m-Wv.- A-t±-lØ - n-\p- ti- °p-I-bpan-√.- A-X-v A-t±-l-Øn-\v- Zn-hy-
jw- ssZ-hZ- q-X≥- h-∂n-´p-s≠-∂pw-C \nbpw C-ke -v mw- ap-lΩ - Z- -v \-_n-()-bp-sS- Ime- k-tμ-i-am-bn- \¬-I-s∏-Sp-∂-X-√m-sX- (a-
Ht∂-m H∂n-e-[nIw ZqX≥amtcm hcm- Øp-Xs - ∂- ]q¿-Øo-Ic - n-°s - ∏-´- a-Xa - m-Wv.- s‰m-∂pw)- A-√''- (53:-3).-
\p≠v F∂pw- hniz-kn-®p-sIm≠v Hcmƒ°v hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B≥- ]-d-bp-∂p-:- ""......-C-∂v-
""\-Ωp-sS- t]-cn¬- ({]-hm-N-I≥)- h-√-
apl-ΩZv \_n()bneqsS e`n® ssZhn- Rm≥- \n-߃-°v- \n-ß-fp-sS- a-Xw- ]q¿-
hm-°p-If - pw- sI´n-®a - ®- v- ]-d™ - n-cp-s∂-¶n
I-am¿K-Z¿i-\-Øns‚ Ah-Im-inbmbn Øn-bm-°n-Ø∂ - n-cn-°p-∂p.- F-s≥-d- A-\p-
¬-;- A-t±-ls - Ø- \mw- h-eX - p-ssI-sIm≠v-
Øocm≥ Ign-bn√ F∂ hkvXpX bmsXm {K-lw- \n-߃ - ° - v- Rm≥- ]q¿-Wa - m-°n-Ø-
]n-Sn-Iq-Sp-Ib - pw,- F-∂n-´v- A-t±-lØ - n-s≥-d-
cp kwi-bØ - n-\p-an-Sb - n-√mØ hn[Øn¬ cn-Ib - pw- s - N-bvX - n-cn-°p-∂p.- a-Xa - m-bn- C-kv-
Po-h-\m-Un- \mw- ap-dn-®p-I-f-bp-I-bpw- sN-
Jp¿B≥ hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≈X - mWv. em-an-s\- Rm≥- \n-߃-°-v Xr-]v-Xn-s∏-´p-
øp-am-bn-cp-∂p.- A-t∏mƒ- \n-ßfn¬- B¿-
X-∂n-cn-°p-∂p.......''- (5:-3).-
“ap-l-Ω-Zv- \n-ß-fp-sS- ]p-cp-j-∑m-cn¬- °pw- A-t±-lØ - n¬-\n-∂v- (in-£s - b)- X-S-
B-cp-sS-bpw- ]n-Xm-hm-bn-´n-√.- ]-t£,- At±- a-XØ - n-s≥-d ]q¿-Øo-Ic - W
- Ø - n-\m-bn- bm-\m-hn-√''- (69:- 44˛47).-
lw- A-√m-lp-h-n-s≥-d- Zq-X-\pw- {]-hm-N-I- C-\n-sbm-cp- {]-hm-NI - ≥- h-tc-≠X - n-s√-∂v- “(\-_n-tb) \o A√m-lp-hns\ kq
∑m-cn¬- A-hk - m-\s - Ø- B-fp-am-Ip-∂p.- A- hy-‡w.- {]-hm-NI - \pw- th-Z{- K-Ÿh - pw- aX- £n°p-I. kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-sfbpw I]-S-
√m-lp- G-Xp-Im-c-y-sØ-∏-d-dn-bpw- A-dn-hp- \n-ba - ß- f - p-sa-√mw- a-XØ - n-s≥-d- `m-Ka - m-Wv.- hn-izm-kn-Is - fbpw A\p-kc - n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-
≈-h\ - m-Ip-∂p” (hn-ip≤ Jp¿-B≥ 33:-40).- a-Xw- ]q¿-Øn-bm-bn- F-∂p- ]-d™ - m¬- {] Ibpw sNøp-I. Xo¿®-bmbpw A√mlp
"A-h-km-\-sØ'- F-∂p-≈-Xn-\v- Jp¿- hm-NI - ≥,- th-Z{- K-Ÿw- ,- a-X\ - n-ba - ß - ƒ- XpS- k¿h-⁄\pw bp‡n-am-\p-am-Ip-∂p. \n
B-\n-ep-≈- ]-Zw- "J-mX - w'- F-∂m-Wv.- AXn- ßn-bh - s - b-√mw- ]q¿-Øn-bm-bn- F-∂p-Xs - ∂- \°v \ns‚ c£n-Xm-hn-¶¬ \n∂v t_m[
2006 G-{]n¬- 28
\w \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂X - ns\ ]n≥Xp-Sc - p-Ibpw B≥ ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. A h-gn-bd- n-bm-Øh - \
- m-bn- I-s≠-Øp-Ib - pw- F-
sNøp-I. Xo¿®-bmbpw A√mlp \n߃ t±-lØ - n-s\-Xn-cn¬ Ip{]-Nc - Ww \S-Øp- ∂n-´v- (\n-\° - v)- am¿-KZ- ¿-i\ - w- \-¬I -- p-Ib - pw-
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n kq£-va-ambn I, At±-lØ - n\v am¿K-XS- a - p-≠m-°p-I, sN-bv-Xn-t√?- \n-s∂- A-h≥- Z-cn-{Z-\m-bn-
Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Ip-∂p.- A√m-lphn¬- \o hm°mepw {]hr-Øn-bmepw ieyw sNøp I-s≠-Øp-I-bpw- F-∂n-´-h≥- sF-iz-cyw-
`c-ta¬]-n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I. ssIImcy I F∂n-hs - bms° D]-{Z-hß - f - n¬ Dƒs∏- \¬-Ip-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xn-t√?''- (93:-6˛8).-- - -
I¿Øm- h mbn- A√mlp Xs∂- a - X n.” Sp-∂p. “kXy-\n-tj-[n-Iƒ Xß-fpsS lrZb-
(33:1˛3).- C-∂-v Nn-e¿- At±-lØ - ns‚ hy‡nXz ß-fn¬ Zpc-`n-am-\w-˛B A⁄m\ bpK-
am\-hc - m-in°v- km£n sØ tXtPm-h[w sNøp-hm≥ \S-Øp∂ Øns‚ Zpc-`n-am-\w˛ sh®p ]pe¿Ønb
a\p-jy¿°v- Bh-iy-amb am¿K-Z¿i lo\ {ia-ßfpw Cu hn`m-KØ - n¬ hcp∂ kμ¿`w! At∏mƒ A√mlp Ahs‚
\w A√m-lp- \¬In-b-Xv apl-ΩZv \_n ]m]w Xs∂-bm-Wv. ]e-t∏mgpw kXy Xs‚ ka-Im-en-I-c-mb \ntj-[n-I-fpsS
()bneq-sS-bm-Wv. A√mlp a-\p-jy-cm-in tØmSp≈ A‘-amb hntcm-[hpw FXn _men-i-hm-Z-ßfpw FXn¿hm-Z-ß-fp-sam
°p am¿KZ¿i\w \¬Im-ØX - p-sIm-≠m ¿Nn-¥-bp-am-bn-cn°pw CØcw {]h-W-X- s° D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ {]hm-NI - s‚ a\  p
Wv am\-hX sX‰n-t∏m-bXv F∂p hmZn°p- Iƒ°p ]n-∂n-ep≠mbn-cn-°p-I. C°m-cy- aSp-°p-Ibpw At±-lØ - n¬ Xs‚ ZuXy-
hm≥ km[n-°mØ hn[w km£n-bmbn Øn¬ Jp¿-B-\ns‚ am¿K-Z¿i\w C{]- sØ- ° p- d n®v - kwibw DZn- ° p- I bpw
Øocp-Ib - m-Wv A¥n-aZ- q-X\ - mbn Ab-°- Im-ca - mWv: sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ A√mlp bYm-k-
s∏´ apl-ΩZv \_n(). {]hm-N-I≥ “A√m-lp-shbpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-s\ abw At±-lØ - n\v Bfl-ss[cyw \¬In-
km£n-bmWv F∂ Imcyw hnip≤ Jp¿- bpw t{Zmln-°p-∂-h-cmtcm Ahsc Cl- bn-cp∂p F∂v Jp¿-B≥ hN-\-߃ hy
B≥ ]e-bn-S-ß-fn-embn Bh¿Øn®p Ønepw ]c-Ønepw A√mlp i]n-®ncn ‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v.
{]Jym-]n-°p∂Xv- ImWmw: °p∂p. Ah¿°p th≠n A]-am-\I - c- am “(\-_ntb Cu ktμ-iw) \ns‚ \mY
“A-{]-Im-cw- \mw- \n-ß-sf- H-cp-Ø-a- b in£ Ah≥ Hcp°n sh®n-´p-ap-≠v''- s‚ ]°¬\n∂p≈ kXy-am-Ip-∂p. AXn-
k-ap-Zm-b-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.- \n-߃- P-\- (33:-57).- \m¬ \o kwi-bm-ep-°-fpsS Iq´-ج
s]´p-t]m-Ic - p-X” (2:-147).-
߃-°v km-£n-If - m-bn-cn-°p-hm-\pw- Zq-X≥- “X\n°v k≥am¿Kw hy‡-am-bn-°-
\n-߃-°v- km-£n-bm-bn-cn-°p-hm-\pw- th- gn™ tijhpw Bsc-¶nepw ssZh-Zq-X- {]hm-NI - s\ A\p-kc - n-°¬
≠n........''- (2:-143).- \p-ambn FXn¿Øp \n¬°p-Ibpw kXy- {]hm-N-Is\ A\p-k-cn®v, At±-l-
“\_ntb,- Xo¿®-bmbpw \ns∂ \mw hn-izm-kn-I-fptSX-√mØ am¿K-w ]n¥p-S- sØ ]n≥-]-‰n- Pohn-°¬ Hcp kXy-hn-
Hcp km£nbpw kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø Adn- cp-Ibpw sNøp∂ ]£w Ah≥ Xncn izm-knb-ps - S- _m[y-Xb - m-W.v {]hm-NI - s\
bn-°p-∂-h-\pw, Xm°oXpIm-c\pw A√m- ™ hgn°v Xs∂ \mw Ahs\ Xncn®p Hgn-hm°n A√m-lp-hns\ A\p-k-cn-°p
lp-hns‚ DØ-c-hn-\-\p-k-cn®v Ah-¶-te hnSp∂-Xpw \c-I-Øn-en´v \ma-hs\ Icn- I km[y-a-√. A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂p≈
°v £Wn-°p-∂-h-\pw, {]Imiw \¬Ip °p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. AsX{X tami-amb ]cy- A¥na ZqX≥ F∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv CØ-
∂ Hcp hnf°pw Bbn-s°m≠v \ntbmKn- h-km-\w!-” (4:-115).- c-samcp A\p-k-cWw Bh-iy-ambn hcp-
®n-cn-°p-∂p” (33:- 45˛46).- A√m-lp-hns‚ ]n≥_ew ∂-X.v tem-Ic - p-sS- am-Xr-Im-]p-cp-j\ - m-W-v A-
A-√m-lp-hn-s≥-db - pw- ae-°p-If - psS t±-lw-.- A-√m-lp- ]-d-bp-∂p-:- ""Xo¿-®-bm-
{]hm-N-Is\ Ab-®Xv {]]© \mY
Imcp-Wyh¿-jw- bpw- \n-߃-°v- A-√m-lp-hn-s≥-d- Zq-X\ - n¬-
\
- mb A√m-lp-hm-Ib - m¬ Ahs‚ ]n¥p-
D-Ø-a-am-b- am-Xr-I-bp-≠v....''- (33:-21).-
temI-Øns‚ am¿K-Z¿in-bpw A¥n W-bpw ]n≥_-ehpw At±-lØ - n\v F√m-
aZqX-\p-amb {]hm-NI - \v A√mlp \¬In bn-t∏mgpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Jp¿-B≥ {]hm-N-Is\ hnizm-kn-Iƒ A\p-k-
b khn-ti-j-amb BZ-c-hmWv, At±-l hy‡n-am-°n-bn-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. A√m-lp-hn cn-°Ww F∂p ]d-bp-∂X - n\v GsX-¶nepw
Øn\v- A√-mlp-hpw ae-°p-Ifpw Imcp s‚ ]n≥_ew kZm e`n-°-Ø-°-hn[w \ne-b° -v p≈ ASn-a˛- D - S- a _‘ tam, cmPm-
Wyw sNøp-Ibpw hnizm-kn-Iƒ {]m¿Yn AXy-[nIw Pm{K-Xm-]q¿W-amb Hcp Pohn- hv˛- {- ]P _‘tam A√ I¬]n-°p-∂Xpw
®psIm≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p F∂-Xv. X-am-bn-cp∂p {]hm-NI - t- ‚-Xv. I¬]n-t°-≠-Xpw. a\p-jy-cm-in-bpsS
am¿K-Z¿i-\Ø - n-\mbn Ab-°s - ∏´ ssZh-
“Xo¿®-bmbpw A√m-lphpw Ahs‚ GsX-¶nepw L´-Øn¬ {]hm-NI - s\
Zq-X≥ F∂ \ne-bn-ep≈ khn-ti-ja - mb
ae-°p-Ifpw \_n-tbmSp ImcpWyw ImWn- A√mlp hn´p-I-f-bp-Ibpw Isøm-gn-bp-I
A\p-kc - W- a - m-WXv. hnizm-kn-Iƒ {]hm-
°p-∂p. kXy-hn-izm-kn-Itf,- \n߃ At±- bpw sNbvXn-´n-√. Bfl-ss[-cyhpw ]n≥
N-Is\ A\p-k-cn-t°-≠-Xns‚ A\n-hm-
l-Øns‚ ta¬ (A-√m-lp-hn-s‚)- Im-cp- _-ehpw;- {]t_m-[-\-˛-ZuXy \n¿h-lW cy-X-bn-te°v- shfn®w hoip∂ \nc-h[n
Wyhpw im¥n-bp-ap-≠m-Im≥ {]m¿Y-n° - p- cw-K-Øv- IcpØpw A√mlp \¬In-s°m- hN-\ß - ƒ hnip≤ Jp¿-B\ - n¬ ImWmw.-
I” (33:-56).- ≠n-cn-∂p. Hcp hN\w t\m°pI: A-h-bn¬- Nn-e-Xv- Im-Wp-I-:-
{]hm-NI - s\ D]-{Z-hn-°¬ ITn\ ]m]w ""(\_n-tb) \n-s≥-d- c-£n-Xm-h-v \n-s∂- “(\_ntb) ]d-bpI: \n߃ A√m-
{]hm-N-I-t\mSv i{XpX sh®p-]p-e¿ ssI-hn-´-´n-√-;- sh-dp-Øn-´p-a-n-√''- (93:-3,-4).- lpsh kvt\ln-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ F-s∂-
Øn-s°m≠v At±-lØ - n\v- t{Zml-Ic - a
- mb ""\n-s∂- A-h≥- H-cp- A-\m-Y-\m-bn- I- \n-߃- ]n¥p-S-cp-I.- F-¶n¬- A√mlp
{]h¿Ø\߃ \SØp-hm≥ kXy-hn- s≠-Øp-Ib - pw F-∂n-´-v (\n-\° - )v - B-{ibw- \nßsf kvt\ln°pIbpw \nß-fpsS
izm-kn-Iƒ°v Hcn-°e - pw ]mSn-s√∂p Jp¿- \¬-Ip-Ib - pw- sN-bvX
- n-t√?- \n-s∂- A-h≥- ]m]-߃ s]mdp-Øp-Xc - n-Ibpw sNøp-∂-
2006 G-{]n¬- 29
 A¥y-Zq-X-cpsS BK-a\w am\-h-cm-in°v ssZhn-Im-\p-{K-l-am-bn-cp∂p F∂mWv
Jp¿B-≥- ]-d-bp-∂-Xv.- Imc-Ww, {kjvSmhv B{K-ln-°p∂ am¿KØn¬ Ncn-t°≠
a\pjy∂v, B am¿K-w GsX∂p ImWn®p sImSp-°¬ G‰hpw henb A\p-{Klw
Xs∂-bm-Wv. ssZhnI am¿K-Z¿i-\-Øns‚ ]q¿W-X-bp-ambn h∂ A¥n-a-Zq-X≥
Aßs\ A\p-{K-l-Øns‚ ktμ-i-hm-l-I≥- IqSn-bm-bn-Øo¿∂p.

Xm-W.v A√mlp Gsd s]mdp-°p-∂h
Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-as{X.-- ]d-bpI: \n߃
A√m-lp-shbpw dkq-en-s\-bpw A\p-kcn-
°p-hn≥. C\n Ah¿ ]n¥n-cn™p If-
bp∂ ]£w A√mlp kXy\ntj-[n-I
sf kvt\ln-°p-∂X - √- ;-Xo¿®” (3:- 31˛32).-
“kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-tf, \n߃ A√m-
lpsh A\p-k-cn-°p-I. A√mlphns‚
ZqX-s\bpw \nß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ ssIIm-
cy-I¿Øm-°s - fbpw A\p-kc - n-°p-I. C\n
h√ Imcy-Ønepw \n߃°nS-bn¬ `n∂n-
∏p-≠m-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \nß-fXv A√m-
lp-hn-te°pw dkq-en-te°pw aS-°p-I.
\n߃ A√m-lp-hnepw A¥yZn-\-Øn
epw hniz-kn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ (-A-Xm-Wp-
th-≠-Xv).- AXmWv- DØ-ahpw IqSp-X¬
\√ ]cy-h-km-\-hpw” (4:- 59).-
“A√m-lp-hn-s≥-d- D-Ø-c-hv- {]-Im-cw-
A-\p-k-cn-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥- th-≠n-b-√m-sX-
Zmw- H-cp- Zq-X-s\-bpw- A-b-®n-´n-√...''- (4:-64).-
“B¿ A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs‚
ZqX-s\bpw A\p-k-cn-°p-∂pthm Ah¿
A√mlp A\p-{K-ln-®h - c
- mb {]hm-NI
- ≥
am¿, k®-cn-X≥am¿ F∂n-ht- cm-sSm∏ambn-
cn-°pw. Ah¿ F{X \√ Iq´p-Im¿” (4:69).-
{]hm-N-Is\ A\p-k-cn-°¬ hnizm-
kn-bpsS _m[y-X-bm-Ip-tºmƒ A\p-k-
cn-°m-Xn-cn-°¬ Ahn-izm-kn-Øns‚ e£-
W-hpw, ]c-temI in£°p hnt[-b-am-
°p-∂X - p-am-W.v C°mcyw hnip≤ Jp¿B
≥ hy‡-am-°p∂p:
“F∂m¬ Hmtcm kap-Zm-b-Øn¬
\n∂pw Hmtcm km£nsb \mw sIm≠p-
h-cn-Ibpw C°q-´¿s°-Xn-cn¬ \ns∂ \mw
km£n-bmbn sIm≠p-h-cn-Ibpw sNøp-
tºmƒ F¥m-bn-cn°pw Ahÿ! Ahn-
iz-kn-°p-Ibpw dkq-ens\ [n°-cn-°pI
bpw sNbvX-h¿ B Znhkw sImXn-®p-
t]mIpw: Ahsc aqSn-s°m≠v `qan \nc-
∏m-°s - ∏-´n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ F{X \∂m-bn-cp-∂p-
sh-∂.v Hcp hnh-chpw A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂v
Ah¿°v Hfn®psh°m-\m-hn-√” (4:- 41˛42).-
- \pw kz`m-ht- a≥a ߃- hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ D≤-cn-°p-∂-Xm-
D∂-X-amb kz`mh KpW-ß-fp≈ bn- Im-Wmw.- CXv At±-lØ - ns‚ hy ‡n
hy‡n-bm-bn-´mWv hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ XzØn-\pw- t{ijvTX - °
- p-ap≈ km£y-am-
{]hm-NI - s\ ]cn-Nb - s - ∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂- Wv.
Xv. Hc¬]-w t]mepw Xn≥a Ie¿∂n-´n- ""(A-Xm-bX - )v - X-ßf - p-sS- ]-°e - p-≈- Xu-
√mØ B kz`mh hnip≤n am\-h-cm-in dm-Øn-epw- C-©o-en-epw- tc-Js - ∏-Sp-Øs - ∏-
°v am¿KZ¿i-\t- a-Ip∂ A\-\y-amb Hcp ´-Xm-bn- A-h¿-°v- I-s≠-Øp-hm≥- I-gn-bp-
amXrIm kz`m-ha - mWv.- apl-ΩZv \_n() ∂- B- A-£-c-⁄m-\-an-√m-Ø- {]-hm-N-
sb-bpw At±-lsØ ]n¥p-S¿∂v Xs‚ I-\m-b- ssZ-hZ- q-Xs - \- (ap-lΩ - Z- v- \-_n-sb)-
kz`mh KpW-߃ A\p-h¿Øn® hnizm- ]n≥-]-‰p-∂-h¿-°v- (B- Im-cp-Wyw- tc-J-
kn-I-sfbpw Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp- s∏-Sp-Øs - ∏-Sp-∂X - m-Wv).- A-ht- cm-Sv- At±-
∂p-≠v. kz`mh ioe-ß-fnse Im¿°-iy- lw- k-Zm-Nm-cw- I¬-]n-°p-I-bpw- Zp-cm-Nm-
Øn-epw, eo\-Xz-Ønepsa√mw {]hm-N- c-Øn¬-\n-∂v- A-h-sc- hn-e-°p-I-bpw- sN-
I\pw A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw ]n¥p-S¿∂n-cp-∂Xv øp-∂p.- \-√- h-kv-Xp-°ƒ- A-t±-lw- A-
D]-cn-πh kz`m-h-tØmSp IqSnb \b-X- h¿-°v- A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-°p-I-bpw- No-Ø-
{¥-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. adn®v ssZhnI am¿K- h-kv-Xp-°ƒ- A-h-cp-sS- ta¬- \n-jn-≤-am-
Z¿i-\Ø - ns‚ IrXy-amb ]mX-bm-bn-cp-∂p. °p-Ib - pw- sN-øp-∂p.- A-hc - p-sS- `m-cß - fpw-
AXn-\m¬ Nne \ntj[kz`m-h° - m-tcmSv- A-hc - p-sS- ta-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂- hn-eß - p--If - pw-
Im¿°iyw ImWn-t°≠n h∂n-´p≈ A-t±-lw- C-d-°-n-sh-°p-I-bpw-- sN-øp-∂p.-
Imcyw Jp¿-B≥ ad®psh°p-∂n-√. {] A-t∏mƒ- A-t±-lØ - n¬- hn-iz-kn-°p-Ib - pw-
hm-N-I≥ Btcm-sS-¶nepw I¿°-i- a mbn A-t±-ls - Ø- ]n-¥p-W° - p-Ib - pw- k-lm-bn-
s]cp-am-dn-bn-´p≠v F¶n¬ AXv am\-h- °p-I-bpw- A-t±-l-tØm-sSm-∏w- A-h-X-cn-
cm-in-bpsS \≥a-°m-bp≈ Hcp \oXn- ∏n-°-s∏-´n-´p-≈- B- {]-Im-i-sØ- ]n≥-]-
bp‡ \S-]Sn am{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXn¬ ‰pI-bpw- sN-bX v- h - c - m-tcm- Ah¿- X-s∂-bm-
GsX-¶nepw hy‡n-]-c-amb Xm¬]-cy- Wv- hn-P-bn-Iƒ''- (7:-157).-
߃t°m ap≥K-W\ - I - ƒt°m bmsXmcp
""a-dv-b-an-s≥-d- a-I≥- Cu-km- ]-d-™-
CS-hp-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p.
k-μ¿-`-hpw- ({i-t≤-b-am-Ip-∂p-). C-kv-dm-
AtXm-sSm∏wXs∂ sXfn™ `b-`- Cu¬- k-¥X - n-It-f,- F-\n-°p- a - p-ºp-≈- Xu-
‡n-bp-sSbpw A√m-lp-hn-ep≈ ka¿∏n dm-Øn-s\- i-cn-sh-®p-sIm-≠pw- F-\n-°-v ti-
X t_m[-Øn-s‚bpw sXfn-abpw B jw- h-cp-∂- A-lv-aZv- F-∂p- t]-cp-≈- H-cp-
kz`m-h-߃°v AI-º-Sn-bmbn D≠m-bn- Zq-Xs- \-∏‰ - n- k-t¥m-jh - m¿-Ø- A-dn-bn-°p-
cp-∂p. Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p: ∂-h\ - m-bn-s°m-≠pw- \n-ßf - n-te-°v- A-√m-
“Xo¿-®b - m-bpw- \o-- a-lØ - m-b- kz-`m-h- lp-hn-s≥-d- Zq-X-\m-bn- \n-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-´-h-
Øn-e-m-Ip-∂p''- (68:-4).- \m-Ip-∂p- Rm≥.....''- (61:-6)-.- - -
""(\-_n-tb) A-√m-lp-hn-¶¬-\n-∂p-≈- ""....-Ah - c - m-Is - ´- ssZ-hZ- q-X≥- k-Xy-hm-
Im-cp-Wyw- sIm-≠m-Wv- \o- A-ht- cm-Sv- ku- \m-sW-∂v- km-£yw- h-ln-®n-´p≠v.- A-h¿-
aya-m-bn- s]-cp-am-dn-b-Xv.- \o- H-cp- ]-cp-j- °v- hy-‡a - m-b- sX-fn-hp-Iƒ- h-∂p-In-´n-bn-
kz-`m-hn-bpw- I-Tn-\lr-Zb - \
- p-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh- ´p-ap-≠v....-” (3:- 86).-
¶n¬- \n-s≥-d- Np-‰n¬-\n-∂pw A-h¿- ]n-cn- “\mw thZ-{KŸw \¬In-bn-´p-≈-h¿
™p-t]m-bn-°f - b
- p-am-bn-cp-∂p....''- (3:-159). kz¥w a°sf Adn-bp-∂X - p-t]mse AXv
ap≥-thZ-ßf - n¬ Adn-bp-∂p≠v. kztZ-l-ßsf \jvS-Øn-
apl-ΩZv \_n()sb∏‰n ]q¿h-th-Z- em-°n-bh - c - s{X Ah¿. AXn-\m¬ Ah¿
ß-fn¬ ]cm-a¿in-°s - ∏-´n-´p≈- Nn-e- Imcy- hniz-kn-°p-I-bn-√” (6:-20).-

2006 G-{]n¬- 30
 ) bp-sS-
blq-Zcpw ss{IkvX-hcpw Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ hn[-Øn¬ C_vdmlow \_n(
BZ¿i-ß-fp-ambn Ah¿°v- _‘-an-s√-∂pw, bYm¿Y-Øn¬ _‘hpw XpS¿®-bp-ap-
)°pw At±-lsØ ]n≥]‰n-b-h¿°p-am-sW∂pw hy‡-am-
≈Xv apl-ΩZv \_n(
°p∂ Jp¿-B≥ hN-\-ß-fpw, apl-ΩZv \_n( )bpsS kXy-Xbv-°p≈ km£yw
Xs∂-bmWv

""........- kp-Pq-Zns‚ ^eambn Ah-cpsS
AS-bmfw Ah-cpsS apJ-ß-fn-ep-≠v. A
XmWv Xudm-Øn¬ Ah-sc-∏‰ - n-bp≈ D]-
a. C≥Po-en¬ Ah-sc-∏-‰n-bp≈ D]a
Cßs\bmIp-∂p......” (48:- 29).
hniz-Zq-X≥
Ad_n hwi-Pc - n-te°p am{X-am-bp≈
Hcp ssZh-Zq-X\ - m-bn-cp-∂n√ apl-ΩZv \_n
() F-∂pw- temIP\-Xbnte°v BI-
am\w \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´ ZqX-\m-bn-cp∂p
At±-ls - a∂pw- hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]ebn-
S-ß-fn-embn ]e-hn-[-Øn¬ hy‡-am-°n-
bn-´p≠v:
""\n-s∂- a-\p-jy¿-°m-Ia - m-\w- k-t¥m-
j-hm¿-Ø- A-dn-bn-°p-∂-h-\pw- Xm-°o-Xv-
\¬-Ip-∂h - \- pw- B-bn-s°m-≠p- - X-s∂-bm-
Wv- \mw- A-b-®n-´p-≈-Xv. ]-t£,- a-\p-jy-
cn¬- A-[n-It- ]-cpw- A-dn-bp-∂n-√''- (34:-28).-
“......-\n-߃ P\-߃°v km£n-If
bn-cn-°p-hm\pw, dkq¬ \n߃°v km
£n-If - m-bn-cn-°p-hm\pw th≠n ......”(Jp¿-
B≥: 2:-143).-
“P\-ßt- f, \nß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hn-¶¬
\n∂p≈ kXy-hp-ambn \nß-fpsS ASp-
°-enXm dkq¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m
¬ \nß-fpsS \≥a-°mbn \n߃ hniz-
kn-°p-I. \n߃ \ntj-[n-°p-I-bm-sW-
¶n-tem, BIm-i-ß-fnepw `qan-bn-ep-ap≈
sX√mw A√mlphnt‚-Xm-Wv. (F-∂v
\nß- t fm¿Øp- s Im- ≈ p- I ) A√mlp
F√mw Adn-bp-∂h - \pw bp‡n-⁄\
Ip-∂p” (4:-170).-
“]-d-bp-I-:- a-\p-jy-tc,- Xo¿-®-bm-bpw-
Rm≥- \n-ßf - n-te-s°-√m-ap-≈- A-√m-lphn
-s≥-d- Zq-X-\m-Ip-∂p.- B-Im-i-ß-fp-sS-bpw-
`q-an-bp-sS-bpw- B-[n-]X - yw- G-sXm-cp-h∂ - m-
t-- Wm- A-h-s≥-d- Zq-X≥...” (7:-158).-
{]hm-NI - X- z-am-{K-ln-®n-cp-∂n√
apl-ΩZv \_n()bpsS ÿm\-tam-l
hpw A[n-Im-c-{`-ahpw ImcWw At±lw
{]hm-NI - Xz-w hmZn-°p-Ib - pw, kzbw Ah-
Im-is - ∏-Sp-IbpamWv sNbvXXv F∂v Nne
Zp»-‡n-Iƒ sX‰mbn {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠.v
F∂m¬ hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ Cu {]N-c
Ww X≈n-°f - b - p-Ibpw \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp--sIm≠v A¥y-Zq-Xs‚ kXy-ÿn
Xn {]Jym-]n-°p-Ib - mWp sNbvXn-´p-≈X
“\n\°v thZ-{KŸw \¬I-s∏SWsa
∂v \o B{K-ln-®n-cp-∂n-√. ]t£, \ns‚
c£n-Xm-hn-¶¬ \n∂p≈ Imcp-Wy-Øm¬
(A-X- v- e-`n-®p). BI-bm¬ \o kXy-\ntj-
[n-Iƒ°p klm-bn-bm-bn-cn-°c - p-X”v (28:-86).-
“A{]-Imcw Xs∂ \n\°v \mw \ΩpsS
I¬]-\-bm¬ Hcp ssNX-\y-h-Ømb k
tμiw t_m[\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. thZ-
{K-Ÿtam kXy-hn-izm-ktam Fs¥∂v
\n\-°d - n-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]t£, AXns\
\mw Hcp {]Im-ia - m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-
ap-tJ\ \ΩpsS Zmk≥am-cn¬ \n∂v \mw
Dt±-in-°p-∂h -- ¿°v \mw hgn ImWn-°p∂p.
Xo¿®-bmbpw \o t\cm-b ] - m-Xb - n-te-°mIp
- m- ∂p am¿K-Z¿ i\w \¬Ip-∂-Xv” (42:-52).-
C_v-d-mlo-w \_n-()-bpsS BZ¿i-
]n≥Kman
skan-‰nI-v aX-ßs-f√mw- BZ-cn-°p--
∂ C_vdmwlnw \_n()bpambn BZ¿
i-_-‘-ap≈ am¿K--Z¿i-I-\mWv ap-l-Ω-
\Zv- \-_n-()- F-∂v- Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p.
blq-Zcpw ss{IkvX-hcpw Ah-Im-i-s∏-
Sp∂ hn[-Øn¬ C_vdmlow \_n()
bp-sS- BZ¿i-ßf - p-ambn Ah¿°v- _‘-
an-s√-∂pw, bYm¿Y-Øn¬ _‘hpw XpS¿
®-bp-ap-≈Xv apl-ΩZv \_n()°pw At±-
- p-am- lsØ ]n≥]‰n- b - h ¿°p- a m- s W∂pw
hy‡-am-°p∂ Jp¿-B≥ hN-\-ß-fpw,
apl-ΩZv \_n()bpsS kXy-Xbv°
km£yw Xs∂-bmWv:
“Xo¿®-bmbpw P\-ßf - n¬ C_vd
an-t\mSv IqSp-X¬ ASp-∏-ap-≈-h¿ At±-
lsØ ]n¥p-S¿∂-h-cpw, Cu {]hm-N-I
\pw (A-t±-lØ - n¬) hniz-kn-®h - c
- p-am-Ip-
∂p. A√mlp kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS
c£m-[n-Im-cn-bm-Ip-∂p” (3:- 68).-
A\p-{K-la - mbnØo¿∂ hy‡nXzw
A¥y-Zq-Xc - psS BK-a\w am\-hc
°v ssZhn-Im-\p-{K-la - m-bn-cp∂p F∂mWv
Jp¿-B≥ - - ]-db
- p-∂X - .v - Imc-Ww, {kjvSmhv
B{K-ln-°p∂ am¿KØn¬ Ncn-t°≠
a\p-jy∂v, B am¿K-w GsX∂p ImWn®p
- v. sImSp-°¬ G‰hpw henb A\p-{Klw
Xs∂-bm-W.v ssZhnI am¿K-Z¿i-\Ø - ns‚
]q¿W-X-bp-ambn h∂ A¥n-a-Zq-X≥
Aßs\ A\p-{K-l-Øns‚ ktμ-i-hm-
l-I≥- IqSn-bm-bn-Øo¿∂p.
“...-Fs‚ A\p-{Klw Rm≥ \n߃°v
]q¿Øn-bm-°n-Øc - p-hm-\pw, \n߃°v k
∑m¿Kw {]m]n-°p-hm\pw th≠n-bm-Wn-sX-
√mw.”
“\ΩpsS ZrjvSm-¥-߃ \n߃°v
HmXn-tIƒ∏n®p Xcn-I-bpw, \nßsf kw
kvI-cn-°p-I-bpw, \n߃°v thZhpw hn
⁄m-\hpw ]Tn-∏n®p Xcn-Ib - pw, \n߃
°-dn-hn-√m-ØXv \n߃°-dn-bn®p Xcn-I
bpw sNøp-∂, \nß-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ \n
∂p Xs∂-bp≈ Hcp ZqXs\ \nß-fn-te°v-
\mw \ntbm-Kn-®Xv (hgn \n߃°v sNbv
X A\p-{K-lw)-t]m-se-Ø-s∂-bm-Ip∂p
CXpw” (2:-151).-
Cßs\,- hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\nse \nc-
h[n hN-\-ß-fn-eqsS \ap°p a\- n-em-
°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv apl-ΩZv \_n ()
ssZh-Zq-X-\pw, A¥n-a-{]-hm-N-I-\p-am-
sW∂Xv- kwi-bte-i-a-s\y- ÿnco-I-cn-
°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p F∂m-Wv. hnip≤ Jp¿-
B\n-s≥-d- kq-‡-ß-fn-eq-sS- im‡o-I-
cWw \¬I-s∏-´n-´p≈ Hcp A\p-]a hy
‡n-Xz-Øns‚ DS-a-bmWv ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-
().- Jp¿-B\ - ns‚ kXy-km-£y--ßf - n-eqsS
- p≈ A¥n-aZ- q-Xs‚ al-\ob ÿm\-hpw At±-
l-Øns‚ ZuXy-Øns‚ {]m[m-\yhpw
am\-h-cm-insb ]Tn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv A√m-
- mlo
lp. apl-ΩZv \_n()sb°p-dn®v- Jp¿-
B≥ ]d-bp∂ Imcy-߃ AtX-]Sn kzo
I-cn-°pI F∂Xv At±-lØ - ns‚ hy‡n-
Xz-sØbpw ZuXy-sØbpw kw_-‘n®v
kphy-‡hpw ZrV-hp-amb hni-Zo-I-c-W-
߃ e`n-°p-hm≥ ]cym-]X v a- m-bn-cn-°p-sa-
∂-Xn¬ c≠p ]£-ap-≠m-tI-≠-Xn-√.
- m-in

2006 G-{]n¬- 31
 ? z Cu-km-\-_n-()-bp-sS- {]-Xn-a-Iƒ-s°-Xn-cn¬- ap-kv-enw-Iƒ-
F-¥p-sI-m-≠v- {]-Xn-I-cn-°p-∂n-√?-
z A-h-Xm-c-߃- t]m-tc-?-

z C-Xv- C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- ]-cm-P-b-Øn-\v- sX-fn-ht√?-

z a-c-W-Zp-c-¥-hpw- a-X-hn-`m-K-hpw-

Iq-Sn-°m-gv-N-
tNm-Zyw-: apl-ΩZv \_n-bpsS ]Sw
Bsc-¶nepw hc-®m¬ apkvenwIƒ
BI-am\w {]Xn-tj-[n-°p-∂p. F
∂m¬ apkvenwIƒIqSn AwKo-I-
cn-°p∂ Cukm\_n AYhm tb
ip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ ]Shpw {]Xn-a-I
fpw temI-sa-ºm-Sp-ap-≠v. AXn-s\-
Xnsc F¥p-sIm≠v apkvenwIƒ
{]Xn-I-cn-°p-∂n√? apl-ΩZv \_n-
bpsS ]Sw hc-°m≥ ]mSn-√. at‰Xp
{]hm-N-I-s‚bpw ]Sw hcbv°mw
F∂v Ckveman¬ \nb-a-apt≠m?
˛{]-aof.-sI,- Xncp-h-¥-]p-cw.
D--Ø-cw-: Ct∏mƒ temIhym]-I-ambn
{]Xn-tj[w \S-°p-∂Xv apl-ΩZv \_n
()-bpsS ]Sw-hc - ®p F∂-Xns‚ t]cn¬
am{X-a-√. Im¿´q-Wn¬ At±-lsØ `oI-
c-\mbn Nn{Xo-Ic- n®p \nμn®p F∂-XmWv
apkvenw P\tIm-Sn-Isf {]tIm-]n-X-cm-
°nb hnj-bw. Cu hn[-Øn¬ Hcp aX
hn`m-KØ- n¬ s]´-hcpw tbip-{In-kX v psh
Im¿´q-Wn-eqsS \nμn-®n-´n-√. A-ßs\ kw
`hn-®m¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw apkvenwIƒ {]Xn-
tj-[n-°pw. \nμn-°pI F∂ e£y-tØm-
sS-b√- msX {]hm-NI - ∑ - m-cpsS Nn{X-߃
hc-°p-∂Xpw {]Xn-aI - ƒ \n¿Ωn-°p-∂Xpw
sX‰-s√∂v C∏-d™ - X
- n\v A¿Y-an-√. Hcp
2006 G-{]n¬-
Nn{Xtam {]Xn-atbm ÿm]n-®n´v AXv
apl-ΩZv \_ntbm tbip-{In-kvXpthm B
sW∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv hkvXp-Xm-]-c-ambn k
Xy-a-√-t√m. Nn{Xhpw {]Xn-abpw hocm-cm-
[-\bv°v D]-Ic - W
- a
- m-°p-∂Xv CkvemanI
ZrjvSym AXy¥w Kpcp-Xc - a
- mb Ip‰-am-Ip-
∂p. kXy-hn-cp-≤hpw Ip‰-I-c-hp-amb \S-
]-Sn-Isf bYm¿Y- apkvenwIƒ F√m-bv
t∏mgpw FXn¿Øn-´p-≠v. F∂m¬ t_m[-
]q¿h-amb \nμ-bpsS t\¿°v IqSp-X¬
cq£-amb {]Xn-I-c-W-ß-fp-≠m-I-p-∂Xv
kzm`m-hn-Ia- m-Ip-∂p.
***
tNm-Zyw-: Jp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-°p∂-
Xn\p-apºpw a\p-jys\ ssZh-Øn¶
t- e°v ASp-∏n-°m≥ ChnsS AhXm-
c-߃ D≠m-bn-´nt√? ]ns∂ F¥n
\v \n߃ Hcp ]pXnb \nbaw D
≠m°n?
˛hn.-H. tPmkv,- tImgn-t°m-Sv.
D-Ø
- c- w-: hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ a\p-jy-tcmSv
Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv temI-c£ - n-Xmhv ]q¿h-
{]hm-NI- ∑- m¿°v Ah-Xc - n-∏n-®p sImSpØ
F√m thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-fnepw hniz-kn-°-W-
sa-∂m-W.v ""Ah≥ thZ-{K-ŸsØ ap≥ th-
Z-ßsf icn-sh-°p-∂X - m-bn-s°m≠v kXy-
hp-ambn \n\°v Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p-X-∂n-cn-°p-
32
∂p. a\p-jy¿°v am¿K-Z¿i-\Ø - n-\mbn
Ah≥ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-cn-°p∂p''. (hn.-
Jp¿B≥- 3:3,4).- ""\n߃ ]d-bpI: A√m-
lp-hnepw Ah-¶¬ \n∂v R߃ °v
Ah-X-cn-∏n®p In´n-b-Xn-epw, C_vdm-lo-
an\pw CkvamCu-en\pw Ckvlm-Jn\pw
bAv J q_n\pw bAv J q_v k ¥- X n-
Iƒ°pw Ah-Xc - n-∏n®p sImSp-ØX- n-epw,
aqkm, Cukm F∂n-h¿°v \¬I-s∏´
ktμ- i - ß - f n- e pw, k¿h- { ]hm- N - I ≥
am¿°pw Ah-cpsS c£n-Xm-hn-¶¬ \n∂v
\¬I-s∏´ ktμ-i-ß-fnepw R߃
hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cn¬ B¿°nS-
bnepw- R߃ hnth-N\w I¬]n-°p∂n-
√. R߃ Ah∂v (A-√m-lp-hn-\v) Iogv
s]-´v Pohn-°p-∂-h-cp-am-Ip∂p''- (2:136).-
apl-ΩZv \_n()°v apºv At\Iw
{]hm-N-I-∑m¿°v thZ-{K-Ÿ-߃ Ah-
X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´p-sh-¶nepw Ah-sbm∂pw
X\-Xmb cq]-Øn¬ C∂v \ne-\n¬°p-
∂n-√. C∂v hnhn[ P\-hn-`m-Kß - ƒ thZ-
{K-Ÿß - ƒ F∂ \ne-bn¬ ]Tn∏n-°p∂
GXv {KŸw ]cn-tim-[n-®mepw AsXms°
a\p-jy-cm-sc-¶nepw Fgp-Xn-bp-≠m-°n-b-
Xm-sW∂v hy‡-am-Ipw. aØm-bnbpw am¿
t°mkpw eqt°mkpw tbml-∂m\pw
Fgp-Xnb thZ-]p-kvX-I-ß-fm-Wt√m
{InkvXym-\n-If - psS G‰hpw {]mam-Wn-I-
amb {KŸ-߃. ""Cu thZ-{K-ŸØns‚
Ah-Xc - Ww {]Xm-]nbpw bp‡n-am-\p-amb
A√m-lphn-¶¬ \n∂m-Ip-∂p''-(46:2) F∂v
B[n-Im-cn-Ia - mbn Ah-Im-is - ∏-Sp∂ as‰m
cp thZ-{K-Ÿhpw `qap-J-Øn-√. Cu Imc-
W-Øm-emWv Jp¿-B≥ F∂ thZ-{K-Ÿ-
Øns‚ Ah-X-c-Whpw AXns‚ \ne\n
¬]pw Bh-iy-am-bn-Øo¿∂-Xv.
ap≥ thZ-߃ ssZhw Ah-X-cn-∏n®
cq]-Øn¬ A\yq-\a - mbn \ne-\n¬°m-Ø-
Xns‚ Imc-WØ - n-te°v hnip≤ Jp¿B
≥ kqN-\ \ - ¬Ip∂p≠v:- - F∂m¬ kz¥w
ssIIƒ sIm≠v {KŸw Fgp-Xn-bp-≠m-
°p-Ibpw F∂n´v AXv A√m-lp-hn-¶¬
\n∂v e`n-®X - m-sW∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp-
∂-h¿°m-Ip∂p \miw. AXv aptJ\ hne
Ipd™ t\´-߃ Ic-ÿ-am-°m≥ th
≠n-bm-Ip∂p (A-h¿ Cßs\ sNøp-∂-
Xv).- Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ Fgp-Xnb hIbn
epw Ah¿°v \miw (2:79).- km£m¬
ssZhnI{KŸw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂X - p-sIm≠pw
\ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw ]ptcm-ln-X-
∑m¿°v t\´-ap-≠m-hp-I-bn-√. AXn-\m¬
ssZhnIkq‡-߃°p ]Icw kzbw
Fgp-Xn-bp-≠m-°nb hN-\ß - ƒ thZ-Øn
¬ Dƒs°m-≈n-°p-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS
]Xn-hv. F∂m¬ hnip≤ Jp¿-B\ - n\v A
√m-lp-hns‚ {]tXy-I-amb ]cn-c£ e`n-
®p. \_n()-bpsS ImeØv Xs∂ At\
Iw injy≥am¿ Jp¿-B\ - ns‚ F√m `mK-
ßfpw ]e am[y-aß - f - n¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-
Ibpw At±-lØ - ns‚ hntbm-KsØ XpS
¿∂v Xma-kn-bmsX H∂mw Jeo^ \ntbm-
Kn® Hcp kanXn c≠p ]pdw N´-Iƒ°p
≈n-embn AXv t{ImUo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
***
tNmZ- yw-: C∂v temIØv IqSpX¬-
X¬ I≈≥amcpw thiy-Ifpw D≈
Xv apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn-em-Wv. Ckv
emans‚ ]cm-Pb- a- t√ CXv kqNn∏n-
°p-∂Xv?
˛apc-fo-[-c≥.sI,- IÆq¿ kn‰n.
D-Ø
- c- w-: Ckveman-s\bpw apkvenwI-sf
bpw kw_-‘n®v GXv Xcw Zpjv{]-Nc - mW
hpw \S-°p-sa-∂-Xn\v hy‡-amb sXfn-
hm-Ip∂p Cu tNmZyw. temI-ØmsIbp
≈ I≈-∑m-cp-sSbpw thiy-If - p-sSbpw I
W°v CX:]cy¥w Bcpw FSp-Øn-´n√.
temI-ØmsI sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb tam
j-W-߃ \S-Øp-∂-h-cpsS IrXy-amb
2006 G-{]n¬-
IW-s°-Sp-°m≥ temI cmjv{S-ßs-- f√mw
IqSn {ian-®m¬ km[n-t®-°m-hp-∂Xv t]m
eokv tamj-W° - p‰w Npa-Ønb {]Xn--Ifp
sS IW-s°-Sp-°p-I-bm-Ip-∂p. Ch-cn¬
Nne¿ \nc-]-cm-[-cm-Im≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v.
[mcmfw tamjvSm-°ƒ t]meo-kns‚ ]nSn-
bn¬ AI-s∏-SmsX c£-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sN
øpw. F∂m¬ tamj-Wt- °-kp-If - n¬ A
I-s∏-´h- c- psS BtKmf IW°v C°mew
hsc Bcpw tiJ-cn-°p-Itbm {]kn-≤o-
I-cn-°p-Itbm sNbvXn-´n-√. ]e aX-°m¿
°v kzm[o-\hpw `qcn-]£ - hpw D≈ \mSp-
I-fn¬ \n∂v tamjvSm-°-fpsS PmXnbpw
aXhpw Xncn-®p≈ IW°v e`n-°p-sa∂v
Icp-Xp-∂Xv Xs∂ auVy-am-Ip-∂p.
thiym-hrØn Ip‰-Ic - a
- mbnØs∂ K
Wn-°mØ cmjv{S-߃ Gsd-bp-≠.v thiy-
Iƒ°v ssek≥kv \¬Ip∂ cmPy-ß-
fp-ap-≠v. ]c-ky-ambn Adn-bs - ∏-Sm-Ø, kz
Im-cy-ambn Ahn-lnX thgvN \S-Øp∂
kv{XoIfpw ]pcpj≥amcpw [mcm-f-ap-≠v.
Ch-cp-sS-sbm∂pw kºq¿Æ-amb IW-
s°-Sp∏v CX:]cy¥w Bcpw \S-Øn-bn´n
√
- . F∂n-´t√ PmXnbpw aXhpw ASn-ÿm-
\-am-°n-bp≈ ÿnXn hnhc hni-Ie - \w?
Ckvemw F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞w Po
hnXw temI-c-£n-Xm-hn\v ka¿∏n-°pI
F∂mWv. AYhm c£n-Xm-hns‚ lnX-
Øn\v hncp-≤a - mbn bmsXm∂pw sNøp-I-
bn-s√∂v Xocp-am-\n-°p-I. Cßs\ Xocp-
am-\n-®-h¿°mWv apkvenw F∂v ]d-bp-
∂-Xv. Hcp {]tXyI kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ ]nd-
∂h-scms° `c-W-Iq-S-ßfpw am[y-a-ß
fpw a‰pw apkvenambn IW-°m-°m-dp-≠v.
F∂m¬ a\p-jy-cpsS a\- p-I-fn-ep-≈-
sX√mw Adn-bp∂ temI-c-£n-Xm-hns‚
IW-°n¬ Ah\v PohnXw ka¿∏n-®h - ¿
am{Xta apkvenam-hp-I-bp-≈q. Aß-s\-
bp-≈-h-cn¬ \n∂pw A]q¿Δ-ambn sX‰p-
Ip-‰-߃ kw`-hn-t®-°m-sa-¶nepw Ah-
scm-cn-°epw Hcp sXΩm-Sn-°q-´a - mbn A[x-
]-Xn-°p-I-bn-√.
***
tNm-Zyw-:C∂v temIw t\cn-Sp∂
G‰hpw henb acW Zpc¥w GXv
aX hn`m-K-Øn¬ \n∂m-Wv?
˛hn.-H. tPmkv,- tImgn-t°m-Sv.
D-Ø
- c- w-: P\n-®h- s
- c√mw acn°pw. P\\w
ku`m-Kyhpw acWw \n¿`m-Ky-hp-a-√. c
≠pw {]]-©\ - m-Ys‚ krjvSn-hy-hÿ - b
- p
33
sS `mK-am-Wv. hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ Ah
≥ ]d-bp∂p: ""B[n-]Xyw GsXm-cp-hs‚
Iøn-emtWm Ah≥ A\p-{K-l] - q¿W-\m-
bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah≥ GXv Imcy-Øn\pw
Ign-hp-≈-h-\m-Ip-∂p. Ah-\m-Ip∂p ac-
Whpw Pohn-Xhpw kr-jvSn--®-h≥. \nß-
fn¬ BcmWv IqSp-X¬ \∂mbn {]h¿
Øn-°p-∂h - ¿ F∂v ]co-£n-°m≥ th≠n.
Ah≥ {]Xm-]nbpw Gsd s]mdp-°p-∂-
h-\p-am-Ip∂p''-(67:1,2). GsXm-cmfpw ku`m-
Ky-hm-\m-Ip-∂Xv Bbp¿ssZ¿Lyw sIm
≠-√. ac-W-Øn\p apºv k¬{]-h¿Ø-
\-߃ sNbvXXv sIm≠m-Wv. k¬I¿a-
Imcn GXv {]mb-Øn¬ acn-°p-I-bm-sW-
¶nepw Abmƒ°v acWw Hcp Zpc-¥-am-
hn-√. ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\mb ssZhw Ah-
\n¬ hniz-kn-®p-sIm≠v \∂mbn {]h¿-
Øn®p acn-®-h\v imiz-X-amb kz¿Kw
\¬In A\p-{K-ln-°pw. F∂m¬ kXy-
hn-izm-kn-Isf A\ym-b-ambn sIm√p-∂-
h\v imiz-Xa - mb \cI in£-bm-bn-cn°pw
ssZhw \¬Ip-∂X - v.
bYm¿Y- aXw temIc£n-Xmhv A\p-
im-kn-®n-´p-≈X - m-W.v AXns‚ kp{]-[m\
A[-ym-]-\-ß-fn-sem∂v A\ym-b-ambn
Bscbpw sIm√m≥ ]mSn-s√-∂m-W.v AXn-
\m¬ Nmth-dm-bn-t´m B{I-a-W-Im-cn-bm-
bnt´m \nc-]-cm-[n-Isf sIm√p-∂-h¿°v
bYm¿Y- aX-Øn¬ bmsXmcp ÿm\-hp-
an-√. H∂pw c≠pw temIbp≤-ß-fn-ep-am
bn tImSn-°W - ° - n≥ a\p-jysc sIms∂m-
Sp-°nb Ata-cn-°bpw bqtdm-]y≥ Iq´m-
fn-If
- p-amWv temI-Ønse G‰hpw henb
sIme-bm-fn-Iƒ. ssZh hnizm-k-Øm¬
{]tNm-Zn-X-cm-bn-´√ AhcXv sNøp-∂-Xv.
F∂m¬ Ah-cpsS aX-]c - a
- mb sFU‚n
‰n F√m-h¿°pw Adn-bmw. Ipcn-ins‚bpw
Ipcn-ip-bp-≤Ø - n-s‚bpw aX-amb {Ink-Xp-
aXw Xs∂. A^vKm-\n-ÿm-\nepw Cdm-
Jnepw e£-°W - °- n¬ apkvenwI-sf-bm
Wv A`n-\h Ipcnipbp≤-°m¿ sIms∂m-
Sp-°n-bX - .v Cu Cc-Iƒ Hcn-°epw ss{Ikv
X-h-sctbm blq-Z-sctbm acW Zpc-¥-
Øn-te°v X≈n-hn-´n-´n-√. ^e-kvXo-\n¬
Uk≥ IW-°n¬ apkvenwIsf blqZ¿-
sIms∂m-Sp-°p-tºmƒ A]q¿h-ambn am{X-
amWv lamkpw a‰pw Xncn-®-Sn-°p-∂-Xv.
AXv temI-Øn-\msI `oj-Wn-bmbn
Nn{Xo-I-cn®p kXysØ Xa-kvI-cn-°p-I-
bmWv ]m›mXy am[y-aß - ƒ sNøp-∂Xv.
 FbvUvkpw-
ssew-Kn-I-
k-Zm-Nm-c-hpw-

i-ao¿- a-Zo-\n-

temIsam∂msI `oXn-tbmsS t\m°p∂ Hcp amcI tcmK-

amWv FbvUvkv. ico-c-Øns‚ {]Xn-tcm[ tijn \jvS-s∏Sp-∂-
temIØv C∂v {]mb- {]kvXpX Ah-ÿ-bn¬ GXv sNdnb tcmKhpw ac-W-Øn\v
\nan-Ø-am-tb-°p-sa-∂-XmWv CXns‚ {]tXy-I-X. FbvUvkv
]q¿Øn-bm-b-h-cn¬ GI-
_m[n-Xc - p-ambn kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xp sImt≠m Ah-tcm-sSm∏w Ccn-
tZiw 3.72 tImSn-bn-e-[nIw °p-∂X - p-sImt≠m tcmKw ]I-cp-sa-∂X - n\v imkv{X-Øns‚ ]n¥p-
FbvUvkv tcmKn-I-fp-≠s{X! W-bn-s√-¶nepw a\p-jy-tc-sdbpw AØ-c-°m-cn¬ \n∂v HmSn-b-
I-em≥ {ian-°p∂p F∂Xv {]kvXpX tcmK-Øns‚ `oI-c-X-
22 e£-Øn-e-[nIw
bmWv hy‡-am-°p-∂X - v.
Ip´n-Ifpw FbvUvkv
temIØv C∂v {]mb-]q¿Øn-bm-bh - c
- n¬ GI-tZiw 3.72 tImSn-
_m[n-X-cm-Wv. bn-e[- nIw FbvUk v v tcmKn-If - p-≠s{X! 22 e£-Øn-e[ - nIw Ip´n-
C¥y-bn¬ 1,11,608 Ifpw FbvUvkv _m[n-Xc - m-Wv. C¥y-bn¬ 1,11,608 (Hcp e£Øn
]Xn-∂m-bn-cØn Adp-\q‰n F´v) t]¿ FbvUvkv _m[n-Xc - m-sW-
(Hcp e£Øn ]Xn-∂m-bn-
∂mWv G‰hpw HSp-hn-esØ IW-°p-Iƒ hy‡-am-°p-∂X - v. (hn-
cØn Adp-\q‰n F´v) t]¿ iZ hnh-cØ - n-\˛-v a
- m-Xr-`qan Btcm-Ky-am-knI 2005 \hw-_¿ Unkw-
FbvUvkv _m[n-X-cm-sW- _¿ t\m°p-I).-
∂mWv G‰hpw HSp-hn-esØ Cu amc-I-tcm-K-Øn-\p≈ {][m\ Imc-W-ambn s]mXpsh
Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°s - ∏-Sp-∂Xv ssewKnI A[m¿an-IX Xs∂-bm-Wv.
IW-°p-Iƒ hy‡-am-
hnhm-tl-Xc ssewKnI _‘hpw (hy-`n-Nm-cw) kzh¿K-c-Xn-bp-
°p∂Xv. amWv AXn¬ G‰hpw Kpcp-X-cw. tcmKn D]-tbm-Kn® kndn-©v
D]-tbm-Kn-°¬, tcmK-_m-[n-X-cpsS c‡w, hr° apX-em-bh
kzoI-cn-°¬ F∂nh tcmKw ]c-Øp∂ kwK-Xn-If - m-sW-¶nepw
hnhm-tl-Xc ssewKn-I_ - ‘ - hpw kzh¿K-Øn-bp-w- Im-cW - a
- mbm-
Wv- G-‰hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- F-bU -v k-v -v tcm-Kn-Iƒ- D-≠m-Ip-∂X- .v - FbvUkv v
NnIn-’n®v t`Z-am-°m-\p≈ coXn a\p-jy≥ Is≠-Øn-bn-´n-√m-
2006 G-{]n¬- 34
Ø-Xp-sIm≠pw Cu tcmKn-I-fn-eqsS a‰p
≈hcn-te°pw tcmKw KWy-ambn ]I-cp-
sa-∂X- p-sIm≠pw tcmKw hcmsX kq£n-
°p-Ibpw {]Xn-tcm-[a - m¿K-߃ Bcm-bp-
Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xp≠v. tcmKw a‰p-≈-h-
cn-te°p ]I-cm-Xn-cn-°p-hm\pw {i≤n-t°-
≠-Xp-≠v.
\n¿tZ-in-°s - ∏-Sp∂ ]cn-lm-cß- ƒ
FbvUvkv _m[ XS-bp-∂X - n\pw \n¿
am¿P-\w sNøp-∂-Xn-\p-ap≈ bXv\-ß-
fn¬ s]mXpsh \n¿tZ-in-°s - ∏-´p-Im-Wm-
dp≈ ]cn-lm-cß - fpw am¿K-ßfpw th≠
{X kq£-ahpw [m¿-an-Ih - p- a√ F∂XmWv
hkvXp-X. kmwkvIm-cnI hIp-∏ns‚ ]c-
ky-ßf - n¬ t]mepw Dd(-tIm-≠w) D]tbm-
Kn-®m¬ hnhm-tl-Xc ssewKnI _‘-
߃sIm≠v XI-cm-dn√ F∂ ktμ-i-
amWv ImWp-hm≥ km[n-°p-I. FbvUk v v
t_m[h¬I-c-W-Øns‚ t]cn¬ A¿[-
\·-If - mb bph-Xn-Iƒ sXcp-hn-eqsS Iq´-
tbm´w \-S-Øp-tºmƒ A-h¿- A[m¿an-I-
X-bn-te°p hgn-ac - p-∂n-Sp- I
- b- m-sW-∂mWv
kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw kZm-Nmc t_m[-ap-≈-
h¿ hne-bn-cp-Øp-I. temIkpμ-cn-am¿ Iq
Sn ]s¶-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠m-hp-tºmƒ {]kvXp
X cwKw H∂p-IqSn sImgp-°p-sa-∂Xpw t\
cm-Wv. CØcw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn-eqsS t]cn-
s\-¶nepw Hcmƒ A[m¿an-IX - b - n¬ \n∂v
kZm-Nm-c-Øn-te°pw [m¿an-I-X-bn-te
°pw aS-ßn-bX - mbn- tIƒ°m≥ km[n-°p-
∂n-√.
FbvUk v v tcmKn-If
- psS NnIn-’b
- ° v p
≈ [\-ti-Jc - W
- m¿Yw kwL-Sn-∏n-°s - ∏´
]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ t]mepw [m¿anI kZm-Nmc
aqey-ßsf sh√p-hn-fn-®p-sIm-≠p-≈h - b - m-
bn-cp∂p F∂-XmWv hmkvXh - w.
]cn-lm-cs
- a¥v?
Cusbmcp ]›m-Øe - Ø
- n¬, a\p-jy
sc \∑-bn-te°pw [¿a-Øn-te°pw \bn-
°p∂p F∂-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ Ckveman\v
Fs¥-¶nepw ]cn-lmcw Cu hnj-b-Øn
¬ \n¿tZ-in-°p-hm-\pt≠m F∂ tNmZyw
{]k-‡-am-hp-∂p.
""Xo¿®-bmbpw Cu Jp¿B≥ G‰hpw
icn-bm-bX- n-te°v hgn-Im-Wn-°p∂p''- (17:9)
Jp¿B\ns‚ Cu {]Jym-]\w \qdp-i-X-
am-\hpw kXy-k‘ - a- m-sW∂v t_m[-ys - ∏-
Sp-Øp∂ H∂p-Iq-Sn-bmWv Cu hnj-b-I-
amb Ckvemans‚ kao-]-\w.
hnhm-tl-Xc ssewKnI _‘-Øn-\p
2006 G-{]n¬-
FbvUvkv t_m[h¬I-c-W-Øns‚ t]cn¬ A¿[-\·-I-fmb bph-Xn-Iƒ
sXcphneqsS Iq´-tbm´w \-S-Øp-tºmƒ A-h¿- A[m¿an-I-X-bn-te°p
hgn-a-cp-∂n-S-p-I-bm-sW-∂mWv kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw kZm-Nmc t_m[-ap-≈-h¿
hne-bn-cp-Øp-I. temIkpμ-cn-am¿ IqSn ]s¶-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠m-hp-tºmƒ
{]kvXpX cwKw H∂p-IqSn sImgp-°p-sa-∂Xpw t\cm-Wv.
≈ kml-N-cy-߃ Xs∂ C√m-sX-bm-
°p-∂-XmWv Cu cwKsØ CkvemanI
\n¿tZ-iß - ƒ. hy`n-Nc
- n-°c- p-sX-∂√ hy`n-
Nm-ct- ØmSv ASp-°p-It- ]mepw sNø-cpXv
F∂ Jp¿B\nI hN\w (17:32) Cu k
tμ-ia - mWv \¬Ip-∂X - v.
""hnizmknbm- b n- c ns° Hcmƒ°v
hy`n-Nc - n-°m≥ km[n-°p-Ib - n-√''- (_pJm
cn,- apkvenw) F∂ \-_n-hN-\hpw as‰m-
∂√ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
1. hkv{X-[m-cWw
kv{Xobpw- ]p-cp-j\pw am\y-amb coXn-
bn¬ hkv{Xw-[-cn-°p-hm≥ Ckvemw \n¿
tZ-in-°p-∂p. ]c-kv]cw BI¿jn-°p∂
cq]-Øn-ep≈ hkv{X-[m-c-Whpw tNjvS-
Ifpw C-kv-emw- hne-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
ico-cØ - ns‚ hSnhpw \navt- \m-∂X - n-Ifpw
{]I-S-am-Ip∂ hn[-Øn-ep≈ hkv{X[m-
cWw CkvemanI Zr-jvSym ]m]-am-Wv.
apJhpw ap≥ssI-b-p-sam-gn-sI-bp≈ ico-
c-`m-Kß
- ƒ kv{XoIƒ \n¿_-‘a - mbpw ad-
®n-cn-°W- s
- a∂v Ckvemw A\p-im-kn-°p-
tºmƒ Ckvemw hntcm[w sIm≠v A‘
X _m[n-®-h¿°v kv{Xo kzmX{¥yw l
\n°p∂ A]-cn-jvIrX \nb-a-am-bnt´
AXns\ ImWm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp≈qsh¶n
epw hkvXp\njvT-ambn Imcy-߃ A]-
{K-Ÿn-°p∂ \oXn t_m[-ap-≈-h¿sIm
≠v Ckvemanse ]¿Z-bpsS alØ-zw
t_m[y-s∏-Sp-∂X - m-Wv.
kv{Xo ]oU-\-Ønepw ssewKn-I-
Nqj-WØ - n-ep-sams° hkv{X[mc-WØ - n-
\p≈ ]¶v Gsd-°-psd F√m-h¿°p-a-dn-
bm-hp∂ kwK-Xn-bm-Wv. CXv a\- n-em-
°n-bn-´p-≈-h¿ Ckvemanse ]¿Z- kv{Xo
°v ]mc-X{- ¥y--a√ kpc-£n-XX - zhpw kzmX-
{¥-yh
- p-amWv \¬Ip-∂s - X∂ bmYm¿Y-yw
shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-ap-≠v.-
""\-_n-tb,- \n-s≥-d- ]-X\v- n-am-tcm-Spw- ]p-
{Xn-am-tcm-Spw- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-If - p-sS- kv{- Xo-
I-tfm-Spw- A-h¿- X-ß-fp-sS- aq-Sp-]-S-߃-
35
X-ßf - p-sS- ta¬- Xm-gvØ - n-bn-Sm≥- ]-db
- p-I.-
A-h¿- Xn-cn-®-dn-b-s∏-Sp-hm-\pw- A-ß-s\-
A-h¿- i-eyw- sN-ø-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\pw-
A-Xm-Wv- G-‰h - pw- A-\p-tbm-Py-am-bX - v.- A-
√m-lp- G-sd- s]m-dp-°p-∂-h\pw- I-cp-Wm-
\n-[n-bp-am-Ip-∂p''- (33:59).-
\_n(-) ]d-bp∂p: ""Nne kv{XoIƒ
hkv{X [mcn-Wn-If - mWv.- (F-∂m¬) Ah¿
hnh-kv{X-I-fm-Wv. Nm™pw sNcn™pw
(A-\ysc BI¿jn-°p-∂h - n-[Ø
- n¬) \S-
°p-∂-h¿... Ah-cpsS Xe H´-I-Øns‚
]q™t]mse-bp≠v. Ah¿ kz¿K-Øn¬
{]th-in-°p-Ib - n-√. AXns‚ ]cn-afw t]m
epw Ah¿°v Bkz-Zn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-
√. Xo¿®-bmbpw kz¿K-Øns‚ ]cn-afw
hnZq-c-tØ°v ASn®p hoip-∂-Xm-Wv''-
(apkvenw).-
hkv{Xw [cn-®n-´p-s≠-¶nepw hkv{X-
Øns‚ [¿aw \nd-th-‰m-Ø, A[m¿an-I-
X-bn-te°v a‰p-≈h - s - c-IqSn Iq´n-s°-m≠- p-
t]m-Ip∂ kv{- Xo-Is - f-°p-dn-®m-Wv- {]hm-N-
I≥ Xm°oXv sNøp-∂X - v.
2. bm{Xbpw A\y-]p-cp-j∑
- m-cp- a
- m-bp≈
CS-]g- Iepw
kv{Xo]pcp-j-∑m¿ XΩn¬ CS-]-g-tI-
≠n-hc - p-tºmƒ Ckveman-Ia- mb AXn¿h-
c-ºp-Iƒ ]men-®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa
∂p i‡-amb Xm°o-Xp-If - p-≠.v ]c-k]
v c
kv]¿i-\hpw kpXm-cy-a-√mØ kw`m-j-
W-ßfpw clky kwK-a-ß-fp-sams°
]m]-am-bn-´mWv Ckvemw ImWp-∂-Xv.
A\y-cmb kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw am{Xw
kwK-an-°p-tºmƒ aq∂m-a-Xmbn Ahsc
Xn∑-bn-te°v B\-bn-°m≥ ]nim-Np-ap-
≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v {]hm-N-I≥ Xm°oXv
sNbvXn-´p-≠v.
kz¥w `¿Øm-hns‚tbm, X\n°v hn
hmlw \njn-≤-amb ASpØ _‘p-°-
fp-sS-tbm(-alvdw) IqsS-b-√msX kv{Xo
bm{X-sN-øp-∂Xp \_n(-) hne-°n-bn-´p-
≠v. CXpw Hcp ]t£,- Ckvemw hna¿i-

hnhm-ln-X-cmb tijhpw ssZh-a-\p-h-Zn® Xs‚ CW-sb-hn-´v hnhm-tl-Xc
ssewKn-I-_-‘-Øn\p apXn¿∂-hsc in-£n-°-W-sa-∂p- ]d-bptºmƒ-
AsXms° {Iqc-X-bm-bn-am{Xw ImWp-∂-h¿ hkvXp-\n-jvTambn
Imcy-ßsf A]-{K-Yn-°p-∂n√ F∂mWv a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv.
I¿,- kv{XoIsf Ckvemw "]mcX{¥y--Øn
s‚ Imcm-{K-lØ - n¬ AS-®n- S- p-∂X - n-\'-v -- DZm
l- c - W - a mbn FSpØp Im´n- t b- ° mw.
F∂m¬ bmYm¿Y-yß - f - psS apºn¬ IÆ-
S-°mØ kXy-k-‘-∑m¿°v CsXms°
Ckvemw kv{Xo°-v \¬Ip∂ kwc-£W
hpw kpc-£m-he - b
- ß
- f- p-am-bn-´mWv ImWm
≥ Ign-bp-I.
3)- ZrjvSn \nb-{¥n-°¬
kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw ]c-kv]cw R
ß-fpsS ZrjvSn-Iƒ \nb-{¥n-°-W-sa∂v
Ckvemw A\p-im-kn-°p-∂p(24:30,31)
IÆp-Iƒ am{X-a√ ImXpw \mhpw
ssIIm-ep-I-fp-sams° hy`n-Nm-c-Øn¬
`mK-hm-°m-hp-sa∂v \_n(-) Xm°oXv
sNbvXn-´p-≠.v t\m´amWv IÆns‚ hy`n-
Nm-c-sa-¶n¬ kwkm-c-amWv \mhn-t‚-Xv.
a\ v B{K-ln-°p-Ibpw sImXn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. Kplym-hb - hw AXv km[q-Icn-
°p-Itbm \ntj-[n-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂p.
ssII-fpsS hy`n-Nmcw ]nSn-°e - m-sW-¶n
¬ Imep-If - p-tSXv \S-Øhpw hmb-bp-tSXv
Npw_-\hpw ImXn-t‚Xv (A-«o-eß - f- n-te-
°p)- Im-tXm¿°epam-Wv. (A_pZm-hp-Zv)
A«o-eX- I- f- n-te°v bphXo bphm-°
sf ssI]n-Sn-®p-sIm≠p t]mIp-∂X - n¬ A
Øcw {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-߃°pw kn\n-a-
Iƒ, Nm\-ep-Iƒ, ssk‰p-Iƒ apX-em-bh-
°p-ap≈ ]¶v C∂v B¿°mWv \ntj-[n-
°m-\m-hpI?
4)- hnhm-lw
ssewKnIZmlw a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn-bpsS
tX´-am-W.v AXv ian-∏n-°p-hm≥ icn-bmb
hgn-Im-Wn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øn-s√-¶n¬ AYhm
AXns‚ [m¿anIhiw kzoI-cn-°m≥
Xb-m-dm-bn-s√-¶n¬ CØcw A[m¿anI
B`m-kß - s- fms° AXns‚ A\-¥c - ^
- -
e-sa-t∂mWw D≠m-Ip-sa-∂X - mWv bmYm¿
Y-yw. `‡n-bpsS t]cp-]-d™v Cu a\p-
jy-{]-Ir-Xnsb am‰n adn-°mt\m XS-™p-
sh-°mt\m {ian-°p-∂h - ¿°v hºn® ]cm-
¿-°v `- uXnI temI-Øp-≠m-tb-°m-hp∂
IjvS\ - j
- Sv ß
- s
- f-°p- d- n®pw- ]mc{-XnI Pohn-
X-Øn¬ e-`n-t®-°m-hp-∂- IjvS-∏-m-Sp-Is-
f°p-dn-®pw- C-ke v- mw- Xm-°o-Xv- \¬-Ip-∂p.-
t\sc-ad- n-®m-sW-¶n¬ Ccp-tem-IØpw e`n-
°p∂ t\´-ßfpw Ckvemw \¬Ip∂ DZv
t_m[-\-ß-fn¬ Z¿in-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
(24:2).
"Ah-cpsS in£ \S-°p-t∂-SØv
P-bß - f - mWv G‰p-hm-tß≠n hcp-∂X - .v A kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp kw
Øcw I]S Bflob tI{μ-ß-fn¬ \n Lw k∂n-ln-Xc - m-Ip-Ibpw sNø-s´'- F∂
∂pw ]pd-Øp-h-cp∂ F{Xtbm sR´n-∏n- \n¿tZ-iw ]men-°s - ∏-Sp-tºmƒ B sX‰n-
°p∂ ssewKnI IY-I-fp-≠v. ]pdwtem te°v t]mIp-hm-\p≈ A\p-Iqe kml-
Iw Adn-bm-sXbpw F{Xtbm D≠m-Ipw. N-cy-ßf - p-≠m-bm¬ t]mepw AXn¬\n∂v
- F∂m¬ a\p-jy-cpsS {k-jv-Sm-hpw- c£n- ]n¥n-cn-∏n-°p∂ Hcp NmeI i‡n-bmbn
Xm-hp-amb A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂p≈ aX- B Zriyw sXfn-™p-hc - p-∂X - m-Wv.
amWv Ckvemsa-∂-Xn-\m¬, Ckvemw hnhm-ln-X-cmb tijhpw ssZh-a-\p-
hnhm-lsØ hni-p-≤-ambn Im-Wp-Ibpw h-Zn® Xs‚ CW-sb-hn-´v hnhm-tl-Xc
t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ssewKn-I-_-‘-Øn\p apXn¿∂-hsc in-
samØw FbvUk v v _m[n-Xc - n¬ ]Ip- £n-°W - s - a-∂p- ]d-bptºmƒ- AsXms°
Xn-tbmfw Ccp-]-Øn-A©v hb- n-\p-ap- {Iqc-X-bm-bn-am{Xw ImWp-∂-h¿ hkvXp-
ºp≈hcm-sW-∂mWv HutZym-Kn-II - W - ° - p- \n-jTv ambn Imcy-ßsf A]-{K-Yn-°p-∂n√
Iƒ hy‡-am-°p-∂X - .v (hn-iZ- h
- n-hc - Ø - n\v- F∂mWv a\- n-em-Ip-∂X - v.
amXr-`qan Btcm-Ky-am-knI ImWp-I).
6. _lp-`m-cyXzw
Ch¿°v Xß-fpsS ssewKnIZmlw ian-
\mep `mcy-am-sc-hsc Hcmƒ°v thƒ
∏n-°p-hm≥ [m¿an-I-amb kml-Ncyw
°m≥ Ckvemw A\p-hmZw \¬Ip-tºmƒ
D≠m-tI-≠-Xp≠v Jp¿B≥ ]d-bp-∂p:-
AXns\ ]n¥n-c∏ - s\∂pw A]-cnjvIrX-
""\n-ß-fn-ep-≈- hn-hm-ln-X-sc-bpw- \n- sa∂pw ]d™v ]√pw \J-hp-ap-]-tbm-Kn
ß-fp-sS- A-Sn- a - I- f
- n¬ \n-∂pw- A-Sn-ak - {v- Xo- ®v hna¿in-°p-∂-h¿ a\- n-cpØn Nn¥n-
I-fn¬-\n-∂pw- \-√h - c
- m-bn-´p-≈h - s- c-bpw- \n- t°-≠X - p-≠,v F¥v\ymb-am-WX - n-\p-≈s - X-
߃- hn-hm-l_ - ‘ - Ø - n-te¿-s]-Sp-Øp-I.- ∂v. \nb-am-\p-krXw Hcp `mcybpw ]ns∂
A-h¿- Z-cn- {- Z-cm-sW-¶n-¬ A-√m-lp- X-s≥d- CjvSm-\p-k-cWw tImƒ tKfp-I-fp-ambn
A-\p-{K - l - Ø- n¬-\n-∂v A-h¿-°-v sF-iz-cyw- _‘w ]pe¿Øp-∂X - n¬ bmsXmcp XI-
\¬-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-√m-lp- hn-]p-e-am-b- cmdpw CØ-c° - m¿ ImWm-dn√ F∂-XmWv
Ign-hp-≈h - \
- p-w- k¿-h⁄ - \
- p-as - {X''-- (-- 24:32).- Gsd A¤p-XI - cw! kz¥w `mcy-bn¬ hn
\_n(-) ]d-bp∂p: ""bph kaq-lta, Imc]q¿Øo-I-cWw km[n-°msX hcp-
\nß-fn¬\n∂v hnhm-l-Øn\v km[n-°p- tºmƒ A\y-k{v Xo-Isf kao-]n-°p-Ibpw
∂-h¿ hnhmlw sNbvXp-sIm-≈s´! B¿ AXn\v am\y-Xb - psS cq]w \¬Ip-∂Xpw
s°-¶nepw hnhm-l-Øn\v km[n-°p-∂n- sN-øp-∂-Xv- [m¿anI \ncm-k-am-bnt´ Im
s√-¶n¬ t\msº-Sp-Øp-sIm-≈p-I. \n› Wm≥ Ign-bq. hnhm-ln-Xc - m-bn-cp-∂n-´p-IqSn
bw AXv ({h-Xw) Ah\v- Hcp ISn-™mWm hnhm-tl-Xc - _
- ‘ - Ø - n\v apXn-cp-∂h - c
- psS
-Wv''- (_pJm-cn, apkvenw).- FÆw Ipd-h√ F∂p-h-cp-tºmƒ AØ-
c-°m¿°v _lp-`m-cy-Xz-Øn-eqsS X-ßf - p-
5. Xm°oXpw t_m[-hXvI - c
- W
- hpw
sS- {]iv\w ]cn-lc - n-°p-hm≥ {i-an-®p-IqtS?-
Xn∑-bn-te-°p≈ hgn-Iƒ _‘n-°p-
A-Xt- √- am-\y-X?- _mlp`mcy-XzsØ-AXv
Ibpw \∑-bpsS Ihm-S-߃ Xpd-∂n-Sp-I
Adp-]g - ©- ≥,- ]n¥n-cn-∏≥ F∂v ]d™v-
bpw sNbvX-tijw \∑-bn-te°v t{]cn-
Ckveman\p t\sc IpXnc Ib-dp-∂-h¿
∏n-°p-Ibpw Xn∑s°-Xn-sc- Xm°oXv sN
h-y-`n-Nm-c-Øn-\v- kp-μ-c-am-b- t]-cn-´v- A-Xn-
øp-I-bp-amWv Ckvemw sNøp-∂-Xv. Xn-∑-
s\- B-Z¿-i-h-Xv-I-cn-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p-
b-ne
- q-sS-bp-≠m-tb-°m-hp∂ B]-Øp-Is - f-
F∂-XmWv Gsd B›-cy-Icw!
°p-dn®pw DW¿Øp-∂p.- Xn-∑- sN-øp-∂h
2006 G-{]n¬- 36
 A-\p-`-hw-
H-fn-t®m-Sn-bX
- v c-£m- k
- c
- W
- n-bn-te-°v-
Aßs\ lnμp-hmbnØ-s∂ Rm≥ {h-X-a-\p-jv-Tn-®p- Xp-S-ßn.- AXp-t]mse Ah-
cpsS \-a-kvI-mcØ-n-epw- F\n-°v- A-Xo-h- Xm¬-]-cyw- tXm-∂n.- Fs‚ a\ v F-t∂m-
Sv- ]-d-bm≥- XpS-ßn˛ Ckvemw aX-amWv icnbm-b- a-Xw- F∂pw, ap-kv-en-am-bn- Pohn-
°-W-sa∂pw.-
\n-km¿- D-Z-bw-t]-cq¿-- Xm-¶ƒ- Ckveman-te°v IS-∂p-h-cm-\p-
≠mb kml-Ncyw-?
Fs‚ A—≥ c≠mw hnhm-ln-X-\m-
bn-cp-∂p. Nn-‰-Ω-bmWv F-s∂- hf¿Øn-
bXv. B kv{XobpsS ]oU-\-߃ Imc
Ww Rm≥ Fs‚ 10˛mw hb- n¬ \mSp-
hn-´p. \mSp-hn´Xv IÆq-cn-te-°m-bn-cp-∂p.
H-cp- ln-μp- ho´nem-Wv- Rm≥- FØn-s∏-
´Xv.- ]m¬- I-SI - fn-¬- sIm-≠p-t]m-bn-sIm-
Sp-°p-I-bpw- a-‰p-am-bn-cp-∂p- ]-Wn.- Ahn-
SpsØ H-cp- Ab¬]-° ho-Sp-am-bn- Rm≥-
ku-lr-Z-Øn-em-bn.- H-gn-hp- k-a-b-ß-fn¬-
B- ho-´n-ep-≈- Ip´n-I-tfm-sSm∏w Rm≥-
Ifn-°pam-bn-cp-∂p.- B- ho-´n¬- H-º-Xv- Ip-
´n-If- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- \o ]Wn-sb-Sp-t°-s≠-
∂pw- Chn-SpsØ Ip´n-If - psSIqsS Rß-
fpsS a°sft∏-mse \n-\-°v- I-gn-bm-sa-
∂pw- B- ho-´p-Im¿- F-t∂m-Sv- ]-d™ - p.- A-
sX-s∂- A-tß-b-‰w- k-t¥m-jn-∏n-®p.- A-
ßs\ Rm≥- B- ho-´n¬- Xma kn-°p-
hm≥- Xp-S-ß-n.-
AXv Hcp apkvenw hoSm-bn-cp-∂p. B-
ho-´n-se- Ip´n-Ifpw h-en-bh - c- p-sa-√mw- \a-
kvI-cn-°p-∂-Xpw- {]m¿Y-n-°p-∂-Xpw- Iu-
Xp-I-tØm-sS- Rm≥- t\m-°n-°-≠p.- F-
¶n-epw- F-s≥-d- Ip-™p- a-\  - n¬- H-cp- tNm-
Zy-ap-b¿-∂p-;- C-h¿- B-tcm-Sm-Wv- {]m¿-Yn-
°p-∂-Xv?- ap-ºn¬- ssZ-h-Øn-s≥-d- Nn-{Xw-
2006 G-{]n¬- 37
t]m-ep-an-√.- Cu- kw-i-bw- Rm≥- a-d-®p-
sh-®n-√;- ho-´p-Im-tcm-Sv- tNm-Zn-®p.- ""\n߃
hn{K-l-ßsf Bcm-[n-°p-∂p. Ah-bn¬-
ameNm¿Øp-∂p. Ah-bn¬- `kvaw ]qip-
∂p. CsX√mw sNøp-tºmƒ hn-{K-lß - ƒ-
A-Xv- Adn-bp-∂pt≠m?-- A-h-bv-°v- F-s¥-
¶n-epw- D]-Imcw sNøm≥ Ign-bp-∂p-
t≠m?''- F∂v A -- h
- ¿- F-t∂m-S-v Xn-cn-®p- tNm-
Zn-®p.- AXv XnI®pw DØcw ap´n-°p ∂
tNmZy-am-bn-cp-∂p. A-hn-Sp-∂t- ßm-´p-≈- \m-
fp-I-fn¬- k-r-j-vSn- ]q-P-bn-se- s]m-≈-Ø-
c-ß-fpw A¿-Y-iq-\y-X-bpw- Rm≥- a-\- n-
em-°n-s°-m-≠n-cp-∂p.- -
Aßs\ lnμp-hmbnØ-s∂ Rm≥
{h-X-a-\p-jv-Tn-®p- Xp-S-ßn.- AXp-t]mse
Ah-cpsS \-ak - vIm- cØ-ne - pw- F\n-°v- A-
Xo-h- Xm¬-]-cyw- tXm-∂n.- Fs‚ a\ v
F-t∂m-S-v ]-db - m≥- XpS-ßn˛ Ckv emw aX-
amWv icnbm-b- a-Xw- F∂pw, ap-kv-en-am-
bn- Pohn-°-W-sa∂pw.- Xm-a-kn-bm-sX-
Rm≥- km-£y-hm-Iy-߃- sNm-√n- ap-kv-
en-am-bn.- Aßs\ 22 h¿jw Ahn sS
Ign-®p-Iq-´n. A-hc - p-sS- D-Sa
- k- Yv- X
- b
- n-ep-≈-
I-Sb- n- ¬- tPm-en-t\m-°p-Ib - pw- sN-bvX - p.-
A-X-n-\n-S-bv-°v- h-√-t∏m-gp-sam-s°- ho-
´n¬- t]m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p.- Rm≥- Xm-ak - n-®n-
cp-∂- ap-kv-enw- ho-´nse- Iq-´p-Im-sc-√mw- h-
ep-Xm-bn,- ]-e-cpw- ]-e- kv-Y-e-ß-fn-te-°v-
Xm-a-kw- am-dn.- A-ß-s\- Rm≥ Xncn®v ho´n-te°v a-S-
ßn.- ho´n-seØnb- ti-jw- tPm-en-bn-√m-Ø- A-h-k-vY-bp-
≠m-bn.- am-{X-a-√- Rm≥ ]Tn® {]Im-c-Øn-ep≈ Ckv
emanI I¿a--ß ƒ H∂pwXs∂ IrXy-ambn sNøm≥ ]‰m
Ø Ahÿbpw- kwPm-Xa - mbn.- A-Xn-\m¬- Rm≥- BZyw
Xma-kn® ÿe-tØ°vXs∂ ho≠pw Xncn-®p-t]m-bn.
Ckv e manse GXp Imcy- a mWv Xm¶sf G‰hpw
A[nIw BI¿jn-®Xv?
\a-kvI-mcw,- t\m-ºv- Xp-S-ßn-b- I¿am-\p-jv-Tm-\-ß-ƒ-
F-s∂- h-fs - c-b[
- n-Iw- B-I¿-jn-®n-´p-≠v.- a‰v aX-ßf
- nsem-
∂p-an-√m-Ø- co-Xn-bn-ep-≈- k-a-b-_-‘n-X-am-b- \n¿-_-‘-
I¿-a-am-Wv- \-a-kv-I-m-cw.- t\m-ºm-I-s´- h-√m-sØm-cp- A-\p-
`q-Xn-Zm-b-I-am-Wv.- Cu- I¿-a-ß-fn-se- I¿-°-i-\n-b-a-߃-
F-s∂- B-I¿-jn-®- L-SI - a
- m-Wv.-
apl-ΩZv \_n(- )sb CIgvØn°-mWn-°m≥ bp-
‡nhmZn-I-f-S-°-ap≈ Ckvemans‚ i{Xp-°ƒ \S-
Øp∂ I≈ {]Nm-cW - ß
- s
- f-°p-dn®v Xm¶ƒ F¥p ]d-
bp∂p?
C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- i-{Xp-°-ƒ- b-Ym¿-Y-Øn¬- \n-cm-i-bp-
sS- I-b-Øn-em-Wv.- F{X- {-i-an-®n-´pw C-kv-em-an-s\- C-√m-
sX-bm-°p-hm-t\m- C-kv-em-an-te-°p≈- B-fp-I-fp-sS- H-gp-
°n-s\- X-S-bp-hm-t\m- A-h¿-°v- I-gnbp-∂n-√.- {]-hm-N-I-
s≥-dD - P
- z-ea- m-b- hy-‡n-Xz-hpw- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B\ - n-s≥-d- A-
P-ø-X-bp-am-Wv- A-h-cp-sS- ap-ºn-ep-≈- {]-Xn-_-‘w.- A-Xp-
sIm-≠p-X-s∂- apl-ΩZv \_n (-)sb- h¿-Ko-b-hm-Zn-bm-
bpw- c-‡-Zm-ln-bm-bpw- A-h¿- Nn-{Xo-I-cn-®p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-
°pw.- A-h¿-°v- k-Xyw- A-dn-bm-ØX - √- {]-iv\ - w.- F-∂m¬-
{]-hm-NI - s
- \-°p-dn-®-v A-dn-hn-√m-ba
-v b- n¬- I-gn-bp-∂h - s
- c- sX-
‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥- C-°q-´¿-°v- I-gn-bp-∂p- F-∂-Xm-Wv- tJ-
Z-I-cw.- -B-cv- F-s¥m-s°- {i-a-߃- \-S-Øn-bm-epw- ap-l-
Ω-Zv- \-_n-()- am-\-h-N-cn-{X-Øn¬- k-am-\-X-I-fn-√m-Ø- D-
Pz-e- hy-‡n-Xz-am-bn- \n-e-\n¬-°pw;- A-¥y-\mƒh-sc.--
hnip≤ Jp¿B\nse Nne kq‡-߃ FSp-Øp-I-f-
b-W-sa∂v Nne tI{μ-ß-fn¬\n∂v D-b-cp∂ ap-d-hn-
fnsb∏‰n Xm¶ƒ F¥v ]d-bp-∂p?
hn-ip-≤- Jp¿B≥- A-dn-hn-s≥-d- A-£b J-\n-bm-Wv.-
A-Xv- {]-]© - - {k-jSv- m-hns‚- h-N-\-ß-fm-Wv.- A-Xn¬- am-‰-
Øn-cp-Ø-ep-Iƒ- \-S-Ø-W-sa-∂v- ]-d-bp-hm-t\m,- am-‰-Øn-
cp-Ø-ep-Iƒ- \-S-Øp-hm-t\m- B¿-°pw- A-h-Im-i-an-√. kz-
bw- am-dp-hm≥- k-∂≤ - X-bn-√m-Øh - c - m-Wv- ]-cn-h¿-Ø\ - Ø
- n-
s≥-d- ]-S-hm-fm-b- hn-ip-≤-Jp¿B-\n¬- am-‰w- h-cp-Ø-W-
sa-∂v- ]-d-bp-∂-h¿.- kz-¥w- Xm¬-]-cy-߃-°v- F-Xn-cm-b-
sXm-∂pw- `qap-J-Øv- h-c-sam-gn-bm-bn- A-h-ti-jn-®p-Iq-Sm-
F-∂p-≈- hm-Zw- B¿-°pw- Kp-W-I-c-a-√.- [¿-am-[¿-a-߃-
Ir-Xy-am-bn- h-c-®p-Im-Wn-°p-I-bpw- am¿-K-Z¿-i-\w- \¬-Ip-
I-bpw- sN-øp-∂;- te-m-I-Øv- C-∂v- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂- -- G-I
th-Z-{K-Ÿw- Jp¿-B-\m-Wv.- -
apkvenw kv{- Xo-bpsS hkv{X-[m-cW coXn ASn-aØ
- Øn-
s≥-d- A-S-bm-f-am-sW∂ hna¿i-\-sØ°p-dn-®v- F¥p
]d-bp∂p?
2006 G-{]n¬-
A-h¿-°v- H-cp-]-t£,- kv-{Xo-Iƒ- ]-cn-]q¿-W-am-bpw- hn-
h-k-v{X-I-fm-bn- \-S-°p-∂-Xn-em-bn-cn-°pw- kzm-X-{¥yw- Z¿-
in-°p-hm≥- I-gn-bp-I.- ]n-d-∂p-ho-gp-tºmƒ- ]q¿-W- \-Kv-\-
cm-W-t√m- F-√m-h-cpw.- B- ico-c-Øn¬- ]n-∂o-Sv- h-∂p-tN-
cp-∂- "A-Sn-a-Ø'-am-W-t√m- h-kv-{Xw-;- B-Wn-\pw- s]-Æn-
\pw.- ap-kv-enw- s]-Æn-s≥-d- h-kv-{Xw- ASn -a-Ø-Øn-s≥-d-
A-S-bm-f-am-sW-∂p- ]-d-bp-∂-h¿- ap-k-venw- ]p-cp-j-≥-am-cp-
sS- h-kv-{X-sØ-°p-dn-®v- au-\w- ]m-en-°p-∂-sX-¥m-Wv.-
Kƒ^v- \m-Sp-I-fn-sem-s°- ap-kv-enw- ]p-cp-j≥-am-cpw- apJ-
hpw- ssI-∏S- ß
- f - p-a√
- m-Øs
- X-√mw- a-d®
- p- s
- Im-≠t- √- \-S°
- p-
∂-Xv?- A-Xn-s\- A-Sn-a-Ø-Øn-s≥-d- A-S-bm-f-am-bn- C-h¿-
F-¥p-sIm-≠v- F-Æp-∂n-√?- D-t±-iw- hy-‡-am-Wv.- A-Xn-\v-
A-√m-lp-hn-s\- `-b-s-∏-Sp-∂- ap-kv-enw- kv-{Xo-I-sf- In-´n-√-
F-t∂- ]-d-bm-\p-≈q.-
Ckv e manI Bcm- [ - \ - I ƒ {]bm- k - I - c - a m- s W∂v
Xm¶ƒ°v tXm∂n-bn-´p t≠m?
{]bmkw Xosc A\p-`h - s
- ∏-´n-´n-√. Rm≥- B-Zyw- kqNn-
∏n-®p-h-t√m,- I¿-i-\-am-b- Nn-´h-´-ß-fp-≈- \-a-kv-Im-c-hpw-
t\m-ºp-sam-s°-bm-W-v F-s∂- Iq-Sp-X¬- B-I¿-jn-®s - X-∂.v -
Ckv e man- t e°v h∂- X n\v tijap- ≈ - Xm- ¶ - f p- s S-
AhkvY?-
Ckveman-te°v h∂-Xn\v tijw a\- n\v ]cn-]q¿W-
kwXr-]vXn-bmWp-≈X - v.- C-kve- m-an¬- Pm-XnNn-¥b - pw- sXm-
´p-Iq-Sm-ba
v- b
- pw- C-√- F-∂X - p-Xs- ∂- h-en-sbm-cf
- t- hm-fw- kw-
Xr-]v-Xn- \¬-Ip-∂p.- D-≈-Xp-sIm-≠v- Xr-]v-Xn-s∏-Sp-hm-\pw-
hn-j-a-L-´-ß-fn¬- k¿h-i-‡-\m-b- ssZ-hw- Iq-sSbp-≠-
t√m- F-∂v- Nn-¥n-°p-hm-\pw- I-gn-bp∂p.- Ct∏mƒ A√m-
lp-hn-t\mSv \μn sNbvXv Pohn-°m≥ ]c-am-h[n Rm≥
{ian-°p-∂p. C-kv-emw- ]-Tn-∏n-°p∂-Xv- {]-Im-cw- ap-kv-enw-
I-f-√m-Ø- amXm-]n-Xm-°sf Rm≥- kμ¿in-°m-dp≠v.-
Ah¿°v th≠-Xmb k-lm-b-߃- sNbvXv sImSp-°p-I-
bpw- sN-øp-∂p.-
apkvenwI-fpw- AapkvenwI-fp-am-b- "kv-t\-l-kw-hm-Z'-
Øn-s≥-d- hm-b-\-°m-¿-°v- Xm¶ƒ°v- \¬Im-\p≈ D]-
tZiw?
ku-lr-Zt- Øm-sS- Pohn-°p-I. Hmtcm-cp-Øc - p-sSbpw C-
jvS- m-\p-kc
- W
- w- Pohn-°msX sX‰pw icnbpw IrXy-ambn
a\- n-em°n Pohn-°m≥ {ian-°p-I. Ckvem an-te°v
h∂-tXmSp IqSn-bmWv Ckvemw h¿K-o-bX DW¿Øp∂
aX-a√ F∂v F-\n-°v- a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. apkvenwI-tfmSv
{]tXy-I-am-bn- ]d-bm-\p-≈Xv kr-jv-Sn- ]qP sh-Sn-b-Ww-
F-∂m-Wv.- A-Xv- H-gn-hm- -°n- h-∂- F-\n-°v,- - A-Øc - w- hn-hc- -
an-√mbva- Im-Wn-°p-∂h - ¿- ap-kev- nw-If
- n-ep-ap-≠v- F-∂Xv- Im-
Wp-hm≥- km-[n-®p F-∂-Xv- tJ-Z-I-c-am-Wv.-
(X-bm-dm-°n-bX - v-
A_vZp¬djoZv sI.-sI.
In\m-eq¿)
38
 tbip ]Tn-∏n® hnizm-k-Im-cy-߃

tbip Xs‚ A\p-N-c-∑msc ]Tn-∏n® _m°n aq∂p hnizm-kImcy߃ AYhm apl-Ω-Zen amÿ
BZ¿iw Ckvemam-bn-cp∂p. Ckvemans‚ {]hm-N-I-∑m-cn-ep≈ hnizm-kw, ]c-tem
ASn-ÿm\ hnizm-ka- mb ‘XuloZv’ (GI Ihnizm-kw, hn[nhnizmkw F∂nh N¿ t]mepw sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bpw- sN-bvXp-.
ssZhm-cm-[-\)-,- I¿a-]-c-am-b-- Imcy-߃,- ® sNøp-Ib- m-Wv. Cu ZqX-∑msc AXmXv P\X ]-cn-l-kn-
a‰p- hnizm-k-Im-cy-߃ F∂nh tbip {]hm-N-I-∑m-cn-ep≈ hnizmkw °p-I-bpw- {Iqc-ambn a¿Z-n-°p-Ibpw Nne
Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ ap≥{]hm-N-I-∑m¿ Ah- sc h[n-°pI t]mepw sNbvXn-´p-≠v. k¿
cpsS P\-Xt- bmSv {]t_m-[\w sNbvXX - m {]hm-N-I-\n-eqsS Znhy-k-tμiw e`n-
°mØ Hcp kap-Zmbhpw `qap-JØv Ign h- {]hm-N-I-∑mcpw {]Y-ahpw {][m-\-am
bn ss__n-fns‚ sh-fn-®Ø - n¬ Ign™ bpw DZvt_m-[n-∏n-®Xv GIssZ-h-hn-izm-
teJ-\-ß-fn-eqsS N¿® sNøp-I-bp-≠m- ™p-t]mbn-´n-√. e£-Øn¬ ]cw {]hmN-
I≥am¿ hnhn[ P\- X - I - f n- t e- ° mbn kam-Wv. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p:
bn. am¿®v e°Øn¬ Ckvemanse Bdv
h∂p t]mbn-´p-≠v. \yq\-]£w Bfp-I- “]ns∂ \mw \ΩpsS ZqX-∑msc XpS
hn-izmkImcy-ß-fn¬, A√m-lp-hn-ep≈
fmWv Ah-cn¬ hniz-kn-®-Xv. `qcn-]£w sc XpSsc Ab-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Hmtcm
hnizmkw,- ae-°p-I-fn-ep≈ hnizmkw,-
P\-hn-`m-Khpw Ahsc X≈n-°f - b
- p-Ibpw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ ASp-°epw Ah-cn-te-
thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn-ep≈ hnizmkw F∂n-h-
Ahsc {ihn-°p-Itbm {i≤n-°p-Itbm °p≈ ZqX≥ sN√p-tºm-sgms° Ah¿
bmWv {]Xn-]m-Zn-®-Xv. Cu teJ-\-Øn¬
At±-lsØ \ntj-[n®pX≈p-I-bmWv
sNbvXX - ”v (23:44).
ss{IkvXh thZ-{KŸw ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ `qap-JsØ F√m
“Rm\-√msX bmsXmcp ssZh-hp-an-√.
P\-hn-`m-K-ßfnte-°pw \nc-h[n {]hm-N-I-∑msc \ntbm-Kn-®n-´p-s≠∂pw AXn-\m¬ Fs∂(am-{Xw) \n߃ Bcm-
Ah-cpsS ZuXyw CkvemanI hnizm-k-hp-ambn s]mcp-Ø-s∏´p [n°q F∂v t_m[\w \¬In-s°m≠
t]mhp-∂p-s≠∂pw a\- n-em°mw.- √msX \n\°v apºv Hcp ZqX-s\bpw \mw
Ab-®n-´n√” (21:25).

2006 G-{]n¬- 39
 {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS khn-ti-j-X-I-sf-
∏‰n Jp¿-B≥ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ImWpI:
“At∏mƒ A√mlp Xs‚ Zmk\v Ah
≥ \¬In-b-sX√mw t_m[\w \¬In”
(53:25). ({]hm-N-I-∑m¿ ssZh-Zmk-∑m-cm-
Wv F-∂v- hy-‡w-)-. “At±lw ({]-hm-N-
I≥) X∂n-jvS-{]-Imcw kwkm-cn-°p-∂p-
an√. AXv At±-l-Øn\p Znhyktμ-i-
ambn \¬I-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp DZvt_m-[\w
am{X-am-Ip∂p” (53:34). “Ahscsb√mw
kZv h rØ- c m- ° n- b n- c n- ° p∂p” (21:72).
“h©n-°pI F∂Xv Hcp {]hm-N-\n¬
\n∂pw D≠m-hp-I-bn√” (3:161). Ah¿
]m]kpc-£n-Xc - m-sW∂pw Ah¿°n-Sb - n
¬ bmsXmcp hyXym-khpw I¬]-n° - p-hm
≥ ]mSn-s√∂pw Ckvemw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.
ss{IkvXh thZ-{KŸw ]cn-tim-[n-
®m¬ `qap-JsØ F√m P\-hn-`m-K-ßfn
te-°pw \nc-h[n {]hm-NI- ∑
- msc \ntbm-
Kn-®n-´p-s≠∂pw Ah-cpsS ZuXyw Ckv
emanI hnizm-k-hp-ambn s]mcp-Ø-s∏´p
t]mhp-∂p-s≠∂pw a\- n-em°mw.- ss_
_nƒ ]d-bp∂p:
“I¿Ømhv Xs‚ Zmk-∑m-cmb {]hm-
N-I-∑msc CS-hn-SmsX \nß-fpsS ASp-
°¬ Ab-s®-¶nepw \n߃ Ahsc
{i≤n-°p-Itbm {ihn-°pI t]meptam
sNbvXn-√. Ah¿ ]d™p: \n߃ Zp¿
am¿K-hpw Zpjv{]-hr-Ønbpw Dt]-£n®p
]n¥n-cn-bp-I..... A\y-tZ-h-∑msc tkhn-
°p-Ibpw Bcm-[n-°p-Ib - pw AcpXv” (Pd-
anb 25:4˛6).
k¿h-{]hm-N-I-∑mcpw {]Y-ahpw {]
[m-\h - p-ambn {]t_m-[\ - w- sN-bX
-v X- -v GI
kXy-ssZ-hsØ am{Xw Bcm-[n-°pI
F∂X-v Xs∂-bm-sW∂v ss__nfpw
km£n-°p∂p.- tbip ]d™p: “Rm≥
{]hm-N-I-∑msc \o°m≥ th≠n-h-∂p-
F∂p \ncq-]n-°c - p-Xv. \o°p-hm-\√ - . \nh
¿Øn-∏m-\s{X Rm≥ h∂Xv” (a-Ømbn
5:17). X∂n-epw- X\n°v apºp≈ {]hm-N-
I-∑m-cnepw hniz-kn-°-W-sa∂v tbip
Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-Isf ]Tn-∏n-®Xmbn Cu-
hN-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw \ap°v a\- n-em-
°mw.
blqZ d∫n-am-cp-sSbpw a‰v ]ptcm-ln-
X-∑m-cp-sSbpw hym-P XqenI PqX-˛ ss{I
kvXh thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ {]tbm-Kn-®-Xn-
\m¬ hnip≤ {]hm-N-I-∑msc Xmt¥m-
∂n-I-fmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p∂ hN-\-߃
2006 G-{]n¬-
ss__n-fn¬ IS-∂p-Iq-Sn. Nne DZm-l-c-
W-߃ ImWpI:
aZy-]n®p e°-p-sI´v \·-\mbn
InS-°p∂ t\ml
“t\ml `qan-bn¬ IrjnsNøm≥ XpS-
ßn. Ah-s\mcp ap¥n-cn-tØm´w h®p ]n
Sn∏n-®p. ho™p IpSn®p aØ-\mbn t\m
l IqSm-cØ - n¬ \·-\mbn InS∂p” (D¬
]-Øn- 9:20,21).
kz¥w s]¨a-°-fp-ambn ibn-°p∂
temØv-
“aqØ aIƒ Cf-bh - t- fmSp ]d-™p...
A∏s\ ho™p IpSn-∏n®p \ap°v Ah-
t\m-sSm-∂n®v ibn-°mw..... A∂p cm{Xn
]nXm-hns\ Ah¿ ho™p IpSn-∏n®p.-
aqØ-hƒ ]nXm-hns‚ IqsS ibn-®p.....
]nt‰-∂p..... cm{Xn-bnepw Ah¿ ]nXm-hn
s\ ho™p IpSn-∏n-®p, Cf-b-hƒ Ah-
t\m-sSm-∂n®p ibn®p” (D¬]Øn- 19:
Xm≥ C{km-tb-ey-cn-te-°p-am{Xw Ab-°-s∏´ Hcp {]hm-N-I-\m-sW-∂mWv tbip
Xs‚ A\p-N-c-∑msc ]Tn-∏n-®Xv. At±-l-Øns‚ injy-∑mcpw At±-lsØ
A\pKan-®-h-cp-sa-√mw -X-s∂ C{km-tb-ey-cm-bn-cp∂p. F∂m¬ alm-`q-cn-]£hpw
At±-lsØ I≈{]hm-N-I-\mbpw, I≈ {In-kvXp-hmbpw hy`-n-Nmc ]p{X-\mbpw
IW°m°n F∂-XmWv hkvXp-X.
31˛35).
NXn-b\ - mb bmt°m_v
“Fkmhv ]d™p: shdp-sX-bmtWm
Ahs\ bmt°m_v F∂v hnfn-°p-∂Xv?
c≠v XhW Ah≥ Fs∂ NXn-®p. ISn-
™q¬ Ah- I miw F∂n¬ \n∂pw
ssI°-em°n” (D¬]Øn- 27:36).
kv{Xoew_S\pw NXn-b-\p-amb ZmhoZv
“Hcp Znhkw kmbmlv\Øn¬ Zmho
Zv- InS-°b- n¬ \ns∂-gp-t∂‰v sIm´m-cØ - n
¬ a´p-∏m-hn¬ Dem-Øp-tºmƒ Hcp kv{Xo
Ipfn-°p-∂Xv I≠p. Ahƒ AXoh kp
μ-cn-bm-bn-cp-∂p...... Dudn-bm-bpsS `mcy-
bmb _Xvsj-_b - mWv Ahƒ F∂v Adn
™p: Ahsf Iq´n-s°m≠p hcm≥ ZmhoZv
Bf-b-®p. Ahƒ h∂-t∏mƒ Ah≥ A
hsf {]m]n-®p..... Ahƒ K¿`w [cn®p”
(2 kmaph¬- 11:2˛5). _Xvtj_sb kz¥-
am-°m≥ th≠n Ah-fpsS `¿Øm-hmb
Dudn-bmsb NnXn®p sIm√m≥ ZmhoZv B
sf Ab-°p∂ `mKw 2 kmaph¬- 11:6˛27¬
hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.
40
hn{Klw \n¿an-°p∂ tami
“tami ]n®-fs - Im≠v Hcp k¿∏sØ
D≠m°n AXns\ hSn-bn¬ Db¿Øn
\n¿Øn” (kwJy.- 21:9).
AΩsb Bt£-]n-°p∂ tbip
“tbip Ah-tfmSv (a-dn-b-tbm-Sv) ]d
™p: kv{Xotb F\n°pw \n\°pw XΩn
¬ F¥v?-” (tbml 2:4). “Hcph≥ Ah-
t\mSv (tb-ip-hn-t\m-Sv) ]d™p: \ns‚
AΩbpw ktlm-Zc - cpw \nt∂mSv kwkm-
cn-°m≥ B{K-ln®p ]pdØp \n¬°p-
∂p. tbip Ah-t\mSv ]d™p: BcmWv
Fs‚ AΩ? BcmWv Fs‚ ktlm-Z-
c≥?.... kz¿K-ÿ\ - mb Fs‚ ]nXm-hns‚
CjvSw \nd-th-‰p-∂-h-\mtcm Ah-\mWv
Fs‚ ktlm-Zc - \pw ktlm-Zc - nbpw AΩ
bpw” (a-Ømbn 12:46˛50). tbip-hns‚
AΩ-bmb adn-bmbpw ktlm-Zc - cpw ssZh-
I¬]-\ ]men-°m-Ø-h-cm-sW-∂mWv ta
¬ hN-\-߃ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. kXy
Øn¬ Aß-s\-bmtWm? A√, Hcn-°-
epa-√. At±lw Aßs\ AΩ-sb-∏‰n
Hcn-°¬t]mepw ]d-™n-´n-√. ]ns∂
tbm? ss__nƒ Fgp-Øp-Im¿ tbip-hn
s‚ t]cn¬ sI´n-®-a® I≈-°-Y-bm-Wv.
AX-pt- ]msebm-W-v ta¬ kqNn-∏n® {]hm-
N-I-∑msc ]‰nbp≈ hN-\-ß-fpw.
tbiphpw C{km-tb-eycpw
Xm≥ C{km-tb-ey-cn-te-°p-am{Xw
Ab-°s - ∏´ Hcp {]hm-NI - \- m-sW-∂mWv
tbip Xs‚ A\p-N-c-∑msc ]Tn-∏n-®Xv.
At±-lØ - ns‚ injy-∑mcpw At±-lsØ
A\p-Ka - n-®h
- c
- p-sa-√mw-Xs- ∂ C{km-tb-ey-
cm-bn-cp∂p. F∂m¬ alm-`q-cn-]£hpw
At±-lsØ I≈{]hm-NI - \ - mbpw, I≈
{In-kvXp-hmbpw hy`-nN - mc ]p{X-\mbpw I
W-°m°n F∂-XmWv hkvXp-X. tbip
]d™p: “C{km-tb¬ `h-\Ø - nse \jv
S-s∏´ BS-p-I-fpsS ASp-tØ°v am{X-
amWv Rm≥ Ab-°s - ∏-´h - c- n-°p-∂Xv” (a-
Ømbn 15:24). Ab-°-s∏-´-h≥ F∂ ]Z-
Øn\v- Xp-eyam-b- Ad_n]-Zw- ‘dkq¬’
AYhm ‘ZqX≥’ F∂m-W.v tbip-hns‚ in
jy-∑m¿ ]d-bp∂p: “\k-dm-Wn-bmb tb
ip-hn-s\-°p-dn®p Xs∂,- Ah≥ ssZhØn
-s‚bpw a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw apºn¬ hm°n
epw {]hr-Øn-bnepw i‡-\mb {]hm-NI-
\m-bn-cp∂p” (eq°v 24:19). XpS¿∂v Ah¿
]d-bp∂p: “C{km-tb-ens\ tamNn-∏n-°m-
\p-≈h - ≥ Ch-\mWv F∂p R߃ {]Xo-
£n-®n-cp∂p” (eq°v 24:21). \bn-\nse b
lq-Z¿ tbip-hns\ I≠-t∏mƒ ssZhsØ
kvXpXn-®p-sIm≠v Ah¿ ]d™p: “Hcp
henb {]hm-N-I≥ \ΩpsS CS-bn¬
DZbw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p” (eq°v 7:16). Pdq-
k-te-anse C{km-tb-ey¿ ]d™p: “Ch
≥ Keo-en-bnse \k-d-Øn¬ \n∂p≈
{]hm-NI - \ - mb tbip” (a-Ømbn 21:11). ]
t{Xmkv tbip-hn-t\mSp ]d™p: “\obm
Wv ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-ip-≤≥ F∂p Rß
ƒ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw Adn-bp-Ibpw sNbv
Xn-cn-°p∂p” (tbml 6:69). A‘-\mb
Hcp a\p-jys\ tbip kpJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-
t∏mƒ blq-Z¿ B a\p-jy-t\mSv tNmZn
®p: “Ahs\(tb-ip-hn-s\)∏‰n \o F¥p
]d-bp-∂p?- Ah≥ ]d™p: Ah≥ (tb-
ip) Hcp {]hm-N-I-\mWv” (tbml 9:17).
hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p: “adn-ba - ns‚
]p{X≥ Cukm-(tb-ip) ]d™ kμ¿`w!-
C{km-tb¬ k¥-Xn-I-tf, \nß-fn-te°v
A√m-lp-hns‚ ZqX-\mbn \ntbm-Kn-°
s∏´h-\m-Ip∂p Rm≥” (61:6).
tbip-hns‚ injy-∑mcpw At±-lØ
¬ hniz-kn® a‰v C{km-tb-eycpw tb ip
hns\ kw_-‘n®v a\- n-em-°n-bXv ]cn-
ip-≤\ - mb Hcp {]hm-NI-\m-bn-´m-W.v hnip
≤ Jp¿-B\pw AXn\p km£yw \¬Ip-
∂p. F∂m¬ ss{IkvXh - ¿ At±-lsØ
kw_-‘n®v a\- n-em-°n-b-Xm-hs´ Xe-
Ip-Ø-s\bpw!- tbip ssZh ]p{X-\mWv;-
]q¿W-ssZh-amWv;- ]q¿W- a\p-jy-\mWv
F∂ hn-izm-k-am-Wv- At±-l-sØ-∏‰n
Ah¿ kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂X - .v ‘tbip ssZh
]p{X-\m-Ip∂p.’ CsXmcp Be-¶m-cnI
{]tbm-Ka - mWv. ImcWw a‰v {]hm-NI
scbpw ssZh-ka - o-]y-ap≈ a\p-jy-scbpw
ssZh]p{X-s\∂v hnfn-®-Xmbn ss__n-
fn¬ \nch-[n- X-hW - - ImWmw. tbip ]q¿
W-a\p-jy≥ F∂XmWv kXyw. ]pXnb
\nba D≤-cW - n-If - n¬ B {]-tbmKw [mcm-
f-ap-≠.v F∂m¬ tbip ssZh-am-sW-∂Xv
ss{IkvXh - c- psS tIe-he - a - mb Hcp hnizm
kw am{X-amWv. B hnizmkw Ahsc
\mi-Øn-te°v \bn-°p∂psh∂XmWv
hkvXp-X. At±lw ssZh-amWv F∂-Xn-
\p≈ sXfn-hp-Iƒ ss__n-fn¬ Is≠-
ØpI Ak-m-[y-hpw. C\n sXfn-hp-Iƒ
Fhn-Sp-s∂-¶nepw s]dp°n sIm≠p-h-
∂m¬ Xs∂ Ah Ah¿s°Xn-sc-bp≈
Hcp _q-ad- m-ßmbn `hn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
tbip-hn¬ Ahn-iz-kn® C{km-tb-ey¿
At±-l-sØ-∏‰n a\- n-em-°n-bXv I≈
{In-kvXp-hmbpw hy`n-Nm-c]
- p-{X\pambn´m
Wv. CX-h-cpsS Al-¶m-c-Øn¬ \n∂pw
[n°m-c-Øn¬ \n∂pw DS-se-SpØ Hcp
]ng® hmZam-Wv.
A¥y-{]-hm-NI - ≥
amtem-I¿°mbn ssZh-Øm¬ \ntbm-
Kn-°s∏-S-m≥ t]mIp∂ Hc-¥na {]hm-N-
I-s\-∏‰n tbip Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ ap≥
{]hm-N-I-∑m¿ {]h-Nn-®Xmbn ss__n-
fn¬ ImWmw. B {]hm-N-Is‚ t]cv
‘apl-ΩZv’ F∂m-sW∂v ln{_p ss__n-
Bh¿Ø\w 18:18 hN\w ss{IkvXh anj-\-dn-am¿ hymJym-\n®v AXv
tbip-hns\ kw_-‘n®p≈ hmIy-am-sW∂v ka¿Y-n-°p-hm≥ {ian-°mdp≠v.
Ccp´p-sIm-≠v- Hm´b-S°pIb-bm-W-h¿. Imc-Ww, AXv tbip-hns\°p-dn-®-p≈
hN-\-a-√m-sb∂v kwi-b-Øn-\nSw \¬ImØ hn[-Øn¬ ss__nƒ Xs∂
{]Jym-]n-°p∂p.
fn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-s≠-∂-XmWv
hkvXp-X.
- n
tamim {]hm-NI - t- \mSv btlmh Acp
ƒ sNbvXp: “\ns∂ t]mse Hcp {]hm-
N-Is\ Rm≥ Ah¿°v AhcpsS k
tlm- Z - c - ß - f psS CS- b n¬\n∂p Fgp-
t∂¬]n®p Fs‚ hN-\-ßsf Ahs‚
\mhn-t∑¬ B°pw. Rm≥ Aht\mSv
I¬]n-°p-∂-sXm-s°bpw Ah≥ Ah-
tcmSp ]d-bpw. Ah≥ Fs‚ \ma-Øn¬
]d-bp∂ Fs‚ hm°p-Iƒ bmsXm-cp-Ø-
s\-¶nepw tIƒ°m-Xn-cp-∂m¬ Ah-t\mSv
Rm≥ tNmZnI°pw” (B-h¿ 18:18).
- ∑- m- Bh¿Ø\w 18:18 hN\w ss{Ikv X
h anj-\d - n-am¿ hymJym-\n®v AXv tbip-
hns\ kw_-‘n®p≈ hmIy-am-sW∂v
ka¿Y-n-°p-hm≥ {ian-°mdp≠v. Ccp´p-
sIm-≠-v H-m´- b
- S- °pIb-bm-Wh
- ¿. Imc-Ww,
AXv tbip-hns\°p-dn-®-p≈ hN-\-a-√m-
sb∂v kwi-b-Øn-\nSw \¬ImØ hn[-
Øn¬ ss__nƒ Xs∂ {]Jym-]n-°p∂p.
Ah-cpsS thZ-{KŸw Xs∂ ]d-bs´:
2006 G-{]n¬- 41
“btlmh A`n-ap-J-ambn Adn™
tami-sb-t∏mse Hcp {]hm-NI - ≥ C{km-
tb-en¬ ]ns∂ D≠m-bn-´n-√” (Bh¿Ø-
\w- 34:12).
tami C{km-tb-ey-\m-W.v C{km-tbeo-
{]hm-N-I-\p-am-Wv. tbip C{km-tb-ey-
\mWv. C{km-tb-ense A¥na{]hm-N-I-
\p-am-W.v anj-Wd- n-am¿ CXv \ntj-[n-°pI
bn-√. F¶n¬ “tamisb t]mse Hcp {]
hm-NI- ≥ (tam-i°v tijw) ]ns∂ C{km-
tb-en¬ D≠m-bn-´n√” F∂v ss__nƒ
Xs∂ ]d-bp-tºmƒ tbip tami-sb-t∏m-
ep≈ Hcp {]hm-N-I-\m-sW∂v ]d-bp∂
sXßs\?
F¶n¬ BcmWv tami-sb-t∏-m-ep≈
{]hm-NI - ≥? {]am-WØ - ns‚ ]n≥_-eØn
¬ \n∂p-sIm≠v N¿® sNtø-≠n-cn-°p-
∂p. Bh¿Ø\w 18:18 se “AhcpsS
ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿” F∂ {]tbmKw hni-I-
e\w sNbvXm¬ tami-sb-t∏-me - p≈ {]hm-
N-I\- m-sc∂v Is≠-Øm≥ Ign-bpw.
ss__nƒ ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬, D¬]Øn
]pkvXIw ]{¥≠mw A[-ymbw apX¬
A{_-lm-ans‚bpw At±l-Øns‚ k¥
Xn ]c-º-c-I-fp-sSbpw Ncn{Xw hnh-cn-°p-
∂-Xmbn ImWmw. Civam-tbepw Ckvlm
Jpw A{_-lm-ans‚ c≠v k¥-Xn-If - m-W.v
aqØ aI-\mb Civam-tb¬ A{_-lm-an
s‚ c≠mw `mcy-bmb lmKm-dn¬ \n∂pw
c≠m-asØ ]p{X-\mb CkvlmJv BZy-
`m-cy-bmb kmd-bn¬ \n∂p-amWv P\n-®-
Xv. Civam-tb-en\v ]{¥≠v ]p{X-∑m¿
D≠m-bn-cp∂p (D¬]Øn- 25:13˛16). Ah¿
]{¥≠v tKm{X-ßf - mbn ]ncn-™p. Chsc
Civam-tb-ey¿ AYhm Ad-_n-Iƒ F∂v
hnfn-°p-∂p. Ckvlm-°ns‚ ]p{X-\mb
bmt°m-_n\p ]{¥≠p ]p{X-∑m¿ D≠m-
bn-cp-∂p. (D¬] 49:1˛28). Ahcpw ]{¥≠v
tKm{X-ßf - mbn ]ncn-™p. Ahsc C{km-
tb-ey¿ F∂p hnfn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v
Civam-tb-eycpw C{km-tb-eycpw ]c-kv
]cw ktlm-Zc - ß
- f
- m-W.v A{_-lm-am-Is´
temI-P-\-X-bpsS ]nXmhpw (sbi 41:9,
bmt°m 2:23). Civam-tb-ens‚ c≠m-asØ
]p{X-\mb tIZm-dn¬ \n∂p-amWv tIZm¿
tKm{Xw AYhm Jpssdin tKm{Xw cq]w
sIm≠Xv. B tKm{X-Øn¬ \n∂p-amWv
apl-ΩZv \_n--() `qPm-X-\m-b-Xv. AXp-
t]mse bmt°m- _ ns‚ aq∂m- a sØ
]p{X≥ tehy-bn¬ \n∂p-amWv tehym
tKm{Xw cq]w sIm≠-X.v B tKm {X-Øn¬
\n∂p-amWv tamim {]hm-N-I≥ `qPm-X-
\m-b-Xv. Bb-Xn-\m¬ Civam-tb-eycpw
C{km-tb-eycpw ktlm-Zc - ß
- f - m-sW∂v H-
∂p-IqSn hy-‡-am-Ip-∂p.
AXp-sIm≠v Bh¿Ø\w 18:18 Cß
s\ kw{K-ln-°mw. ‘tamisbt∏mse Hcp
{]hm-N-Is\ btlmh Ah¿°v Civam-
tb-ey-cpsS CS-bn¬\n∂pw Fgp-t∂¬∏n-
®v btlm-h-bpsS hN-\-߃ Ahs‚
\mhn-t∑¬ B°pw’. ChnsS ]d-bp∂
B {]hm-N-I≥ apl-ΩZv \_n() B
sW∂v hy‡-hp-am-Wv.
apl-ΩZv F∂ \maw ss__n-fn¬
ln{_p aqe-Øn¬ apl-ΩZv \_n-
bpsS \maw Ds≠∂v kqNn-∏n-®phs√m.
l§mbn 2:7 bpw DØ-a-KoXw 5:16 Dw hN-
\-߃ AXn\p sXfn-hm-Wv. ]cn-tim-[n-
°mw.
“Ah≥ kIe PmXn-I-sfbpw Cf-
°pw. kIe PmXn-I-fp-sSbpw at\m-l-c-
hkvXp hcn-Ibpw sNøpw” (l-§mbn 2:7).
‘at\m-l-chkvXp’ F∂ hmN-I-Øn
s‚ ÿm\Øv Cw•ojv ss__n-fp-If - n¬
sImSp-Øn-´p-≈Xv desire, treasure XpS-
ßnb ]Z-ß-fm-Wv. ln{_p aqe-Øns‚
sX‰mb hnh¿Ø-\a - mWv ae-bmfw-˛ Cw•o
jv ss__n-fp-I-f-n-ep-≈Xv. ln{_p aqew
‘mahmad’ F∂mWv. s_≥ blq-Zb - psS
ln{_p-˛C- w-•ojv Un£vWd - n-bn¬ ‘mah -
mad’ F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ icn-bmb D®m-c
Ww sImSp-Øn-´p-≈Xv ‘mahamad’ F∂m-
Wv. Muhammed F∂ t]cns‚ G‰hpw
ASpØ D®m-c-W-am-Wn-Xv. Cu t]cn\v
At±lw A¿Y-w sImSpØn-´p-≈-Xv “lo
vely, coveted one, Precious one, Praised
one F∂m-Wv. Praised one F∂ ]Z-Øn
s‚ Ad-_n-aqew ‘Muhammad’ F∂m-sW
∂Xv {it≤-ba - m-Wv.
ASpØ hN\w ImWq. “Ahs‚ hm
bv G‰hpw a[p-ca - p-≈X - v. Ah≥ k¿hmw-
K kpμc≥ Xs∂” (DØaKoXw 5:16).
‘k¿hmw-Kk - p-μc- ≥’ F∂ ]Z-Øn\v K.J.V.
2006 G-{]n¬-
Cw•o-jv ss__n-fn¬ sImSp-Øn-´p-≈Xv
‘altogether lovely’ F∂m-Wv. AXns‚
ln{_p-aqew ‘Mahamed’ F∂p-am-Wv.
ss__nƒ ]pkvXI - ß
- f- n¬ hcm-\n-cn-°p
∂ {]hm-N-Is‚ t]cv Mahamad A Y
hm Muhammad F∂v tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-
´p-s≠-∂X - mWv hkvXp-X.
tbip-hns‚ {]t_m-[-\-Im-eØv A
t±lw Xs‚ A\p-N-c≥am-tcmSv X\n°v
tijw hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ Hcp ZqX-s\-°p-dn
®v {]h-Nn-®Xv A√mlp apl-ΩZv \_n
() °v shfn-]m-Sn-eqsS Adn-bn-®Xv C{]-
Im-ca- m-Wv. Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p: “F\n°v
tijw hcp∂ AlvaZv F∂ t]cp≈
Hcp ZqX-s\∏‰n kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø Adn-
bn-°p-∂h - \- m-bn-s°m≠pw \nß-fn-te°v
\ntbm-Kn-°s - ∏-´h
- \
- m-Ip∂p Rm≥” (61:6).
‘AlvaZv’ F∂ ]Z-Øs‚ A¿Y-w
‘kvXpXy¿lw’, ‘]pI-gØ v s - ≥’, ‘Prai
- ∏-´h
sed one’ Fs∂m-s°-bm-Wv. apl-ΩZv \
_n() bp-sS- as‰mcp t]cmWv AlvaZv
16:7¬ ]d-bp∂ Imcy-ÿ≥ At∏m-kvXe {]hr-Øn-bnse 2:4¬ ]d-bp∂
]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hm-sW-∂mWv anj-W-dn-am¿ hmZn-°p-∂-Xv. tIh-e-amb Hcp hmZw
am{X-am-W-Xv. ImcWw Imcy-ÿs‚ ÿm\Øv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-sh∂v tN¿Øv
hmbn-°p-tºm-gp-≠m-Ip∂ k¶o¿WX Ahsc F-{X I≠v \´w-
Xn-cn-°p-∂psh∂p ImWpI
F∂ Imcyw \_n hN-\-߃ (l-Zo-Y-v)
hy‡-am-°p-∂p≠v. AXn\p kam-\-amb
hN\w ss__n-fnepw ImWmw. tbip
]d™p: “F∂m¬ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv
kXyw ]d-bp-∂p. Rm≥ t]mIp-∂Xv \n
߃°v {]tbm-P\ - w, Rm≥ t]mIm-™m
¬ Imcy-ÿ≥ \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬ hcn-
I-bn-√. Rm≥ t]mbm¬ Ahs\ \nß-
fpsS ASp-°¬ Ab-°pw. Ah≥ h∂p
]m]-sØ-°p-dn®pw \oXn-sb-°p-dn®pw
\ymb-hn-[n-sb-°p-dn®pw temI-Øn\p
t_m[w hcp-Øpw.... C\nbpw \nß-tfmSv
]d-bm-\p-≠.v F∂m¬ \n߃°v Ct∏mƒ
hln-°m≥ Ign-bn-√. kXy-Øns‚ B
flmhv hcp-tºmƒ Ah≥ \nßsf kI
ekXy-Ønepw hngn\S-Øpw. Ah≥
kzb-ambn kwkm-cn-°msX Xm≥ tIƒ
°p-∂Xv kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw hcp-hm-\p-
≈Xv \n߃°v Adn-bn-®p Xcn-Ibpw sN
øpw” (tbml 16:7˛13).-
tbml-∂m≥ 16:7¬ ]d-™n-´p≈ ‘Im
cy-ÿ≥’ BcmWv? apºv kqNn-∏n-®Xv t]m
se {]am-W-ß-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ hni-
42
I-e\w sNtø-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn\p apºv
Imcy-ÿs\ kw_-‘n-®p≈ anj-W-dn-
am-cpsS hmZw ImWmw.
16:7¬ ]d-bp∂ Imcy-ÿ≥ At∏m-
kvXe {]hr-Øn-bnse 2:4¬ ]d-bp∂ ]
cn-ip-≤m-flm-hm-sW-∂mWv anj-W-dn-am¿
hmZn-°p-∂X - .v tIh-ea
- mb Hcp hmZw am{X-
am-WX - .v ImcWw Imcy-ÿs‚ ÿm\Øv
]cn-ip-≤m-flm-sh∂v tN¿Øv hmbn-°p-
tºm-gp-≠m-Ip∂ k¶o¿WX Ahsc F
{X I≠v \´w-Xn-cn-°p-∂psh∂p ImWpI:
“Rm≥ (tb-ip) t]mIm-™m¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-
flmhv \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬ hcn-Ib - n√.”
tbip-t]m-bm¬ am{Xsa ]cn-ip-≤-flmhv
hcn-I-bp≈q F∂v kmcw. A¬]wIqSn
hy‡-am-°n-bm¬ tbip-hns‚ ImetØm
At±-l-Øn\p aptºm ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv
h∂n-´n√ F∂mWv Cu hN-\-Øn¬ \n
∂p \ap°v a\- n-em-hp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬
tbip-hn\p apºpw tbip-hns‚ Ime
Øpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv D≈-Xmbn ss_
_nƒ ]d-bp-tºmtgm? Ah-cpsS thZ-{K
Ÿw Xs∂ ]d-b-s´:-
“adn-bm-bpsS hμ\w Fen-i-t_Øv
tI´-t∏mƒ ]n≈ Ah-fpsS K¿`-Øn¬
Xp≈n. Fen-i-t_Øv ]cnip≤mflmhv
\nd-™-h-fm-bn''-(eq°v 1:41). “Ahs‚
A∏-\mb kJ-cy-mhv- ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv \nd-
™-h-\mbn {]h-Nn®p” (eq°v 1:67). tb
ip P\n-°p-∂X - n\p apºp≈ kw`-ha- mWv
ta¬ kqNn-∏n®Xv. C\n At±-l-Øns‚
{]t_m-[\ thf-bnep≠mb Cu kw`hw
ImWpI: “tbip Xs‚ injy-∑m-tcm-Smbn
]d™p: “\n߃ ]≈n-Iƒ°pw tImbva-
Iƒ°pw A[n-Im-c-߃°pw apºn¬
sIm≠p-hc - p-tºmƒ Fßs\tbm Ft¥m
{]Xn-]m-Zn-t°≠q;- F¥v ]d-tb≠m F∂v
hnNm-c-s∏-tS≠; ]d-tb-≠Xv- ]cn-ip-≤-
flmhv B \m-gn-I-bn¬ Xs∂ \nßsf
]Tn-∏n°pw” (eq°v 12:11,12). tbip “Ah-
cpsS ta¬ \niz-kn-®p-sIm≠v Ah-tcmSv
Acpfn sNbvXp: \n߃ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-
hns\ kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≈p-hn≥” (tbml
20:22). tbip-hn\p apºpw {]t_m-[-\-Im-
eØpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv Ds≠∂v tcJm-
aqew ss__nƒ sXfn-bn-°-tºmƒ anj-
W-dn-am¿ ]d-bp∂p: “tbip t]mIm™m
¬ ]cn-ip-≤mflmhv hcn-Ib - n-s√∂v” GXm
Wv icn. ss__nƒ ]d-bp-∂X - t√? Bb-
Xn-\m¬ Imcy-ÿ≥ ]cn-ip-≤-flm-h-√m-
sb∂v hy‡-am-Wv.
am{X-hp-a√ Imcy-ÿs\ ]cn-ip-≤-
flmhm°ptºmƒ ss{IkvXh ssZh
k¶¬]amb {Xn-Xz-kn-≤m¥w XInSw adn-
bp-Ib - mWv sNøp-∂X - v. ssZhw=]nXmhv +
]p{X≥+]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv F∂ kq{X-hm-
Iy-Øn-em-Wt√m Ah-cpsS ssZh k¶¬
]w \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xv. Cu aq∂p BfXz-
߃ Htc i‡nbpw Htc hn⁄m-\hpw
`mK-ßsfm hnIm-c-ßsfm C√m-Ø-Xp-am-
sW-∂mWv anj-W-dn-am¿ hmZn-°p-∂-Xv.
tbml∂m≥ 16:7 {]Imcw c≠m-asØ B
f-Xz-amb tbip t]mbm¬ am{Xsa aq∂m-
asØ Bf-Xz-amb ]cn-ip-≤-flmhv hcn--
Ibp≈q. At∏mƒ {Xn-Xzw `mK-ß-fmbn
amdp-∂p. kq{X-hmIyw ssZhw = ]nXmhv
˛]p{X≥+ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv F∂v XncpØn
Fgp-tX-≠n hcp-∂p. k¶o¿WX h¿[-n-
°p-Ib - t√ sNøp-∂X - v? Bb-Xn-\m¬ Im
cy-ÿ≥ ]cn-ip-≤-flm-h-s√∂v H∂p-IqSn
hy‡-am-hp-Ib - m-Wn-hn-sS. F¶n¬ Bcm
Wv Imcy-ÿ≥?
]pXnb\nb-aØ - ns‚ aqe`mj {Ko°m-
Wv. Imcy-ÿ≥ F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ ÿm\
Øv {Ko°v aqe-Øn¬ sImSp-Øn-´p-≈-Xv
“]mc-¢o-t‰mkv’ F∂m-Wv. hnhn[ ss_
_n-fp-Iƒ Cu ]ZsØ hnh¿Ø\w sN
bvXn-´p-≈-Xv klm-b-I≥, Bizm-k-Zm-b-
I≥, Imcy-ÿ≥, Advocate, Helper F
∂n-ß-s\-b-Wv. X\n°v tijw hcm-\n-cn-
°p∂ hy‡nsb-°p-dn®v tbip ]d™
]Zw {Ko°v ]Z-amb ‘]mc-¢o-t‰mkv’ As√
∂-pd∏m-Wv. ImcWw At±lw {]t_m-
[\w sNbvXXv At±-lØ - ns‚ `mj-bmb
‘Adm-an°n’¬ BWv. B `mj-bn¬ A-
t±lw F¥p -\m-a-amWv Dt]m-Kn-®-sX∂v
a\- n-em-°m≥ C∂v \ap°v bmsXmcp
\n¿h-ml - h
- p-an-√. F∂m¬ ]mc-¢o-t‰mkn-
-(PARAKLETOS)\p- kam-\-amb i_vZ
hpw LS-\b - p≈ Hcp {Ko°v ]Z-am-Wv ‘s]
cn-¢o-t‰mkv’ (PERIQLYTOS). Cu ]Z-
Øns‚ A¿Y-w ‘G‰hpw ]pI-gvØ-s∏-´-
h≥’, ‘kvXpXy¿l≥’ F∂n-ßs - \-bm-W.v
‘AlvaZv’ F∂ Ad_n ]Z-Øn\p XØp-
e
- y-amb {Ko°p ]Z-amWXv. AX-ps - Im≠v
tbip ‘s]cn-¢o-t‰mkv’ F∂ ]Z-Øn\p
2006 G-{]n¬-
Xpey-amb Acm-anIv ]Z-am-bn-cn°pw D]- \m-a-Øn-em-Wv. am{X-a-√, F√m \-√-Im-
tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. ss__n-sf-gp-Øp-Im¿ cy-ß-fpw- XpS-ßp-∂Xv ssZh-\m-a-Øn-em-
Ah-cpsS kzm¿Y-em`-Øn\p th≠n ]mc- Wv. apl-ΩZv \_n() ]Tn-∏n® {Ia-Øn
¢o-t‰mkv F∂v XncpØn FgpXnbXm-bn- ¬ apkvenwIƒ C∂pw F-√m- I¿-aß - f
- pw-
cn-°mw. XpS¿∂p- sIm≠pt]mhp∂p. AX-p-sIm
apl-ΩZv \_n()°v ‘AlvaZv’ F ≠v apl-ΩZv \_n-bn¬ hniz-kn-°pI F
∂pw t]cp≠v F∂v apºv kqNn-∏n-®p-h- ∂Xv temI-P\ - X
- b- psS _m[y-Xb - m-sW∂v
t√m. C\n tbml 16:7 C{]-Imcw hmbn H∂pw-IqSn DW¿Ø-s´. Cs√-¶n¬ btlm-
°mw: “Rm≥ t]mIp-∂Xv \n߃°v \√- h-bmb ssZh-Øn\p apºn¬ IW°v
Xv. Rm≥ t]mIm-™m¬ AlvaZv (ap-l- t_m[n-∏n-t°≠n hcp-sa-∂mWv ss_
Ω-Zv) \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬ hcn-I-bn√.” _nƒ Xm°oXv sNøp-∂-Xv. ss__nƒ
apl-ΩZv \_nbn¬ hniz-kn-°pI F∂Xv ]d-bs´: “Fs‚ (ssZ-hØ - n-s‚) \ma-Øn
temI P\-Xb - psS _m[y-Xb
- m-Wv F∂m ¬ Ah≥ (ap-lΩ - Z- v) ]d-bp∂ Fs‚ hm
Wv ss__n-fn¬ ka¿Y-n-°p-∂-Xv. Imc °p-Iƒ {ihn-°m-Øh - t- cmSp Rm≥ (ssZ-
Ww “Ah≥ (ap-l-Ω-Zv) h∂p ]m]-sØ- hw) Xs∂ {]Xn-Imcw sNøpw” (Bh¿
°p-dn®pw \oXn-sb-°p-dn®pw \ymb hn[n- 18:19).
sb- ° p- d n®pw temI- Ø n\p t_m[yw ]c-temI hnizmkw
hcpØpw” (tbml 16:8) F∂mWv tbip hnip≤Jp¿-B\ - n¬ aq∂n¬ Hcp `mK
]d-™-Xv. ‘temIsØ t_m[y-s∏-Sp hpw ]c-tem-I-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ]cm-a¿i-
Øpw’ F∂ {]tbmKw {it≤-ba - m-Wv. Im- am-Wp-≈X - v. ]c-temI PohnXw F¥n\v?
a\pjy PohnXw ac-W-tØmsS Ah-km-\n-°p-∂-Xm-sW-¶n¬ kXyw, kvt\lw,
tkh-\w, a‰v \∑-Iƒs°m∂pw bmsXmcp hne-bp-an-s√∂p hcp-∂p. \∑bv-°pw
Xn∑bv°pw X°-Xmb {]Xn-^ew \¬Ip-hm≥ Cu temIsØ bmsXmcp
kwhn-[m-\-Øn\pw Ign-bp-I-bn-√-∂-XmWv hkvXp-X. Hcmsf sIm∂-h\pw Bbn-c-
amfp-Isf sIms∂m-Sp-°p-∂-h\pw \ΩpsS \oXn-\ymb tImS-Xn°v ]c-am-h[n
sImSp-°m-hp∂ in£ h[-in-£-bm-Wv. CsX-ßs\ \ymb-amIpw?
cWw temI P\-X° - mbn \ntbm-Kn-°s - ∏´ acWm\¥- c - a p≈ PohnXw a\pjy
{]hm-NI - \ - mWv apl-ΩZv \_n(). hnip _p≤n-bpsS kzm`m-hn-I-amb Hcp tX´-am-
≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]-d-bp-∂p: “]dbp-I, a\p- Wv. a\pjy PohnXw ac-Wt- ØmsS Ah-
jy-tc, Xo¿®-bmbpw Rm≥ \nß-fn-te- km-\n-°p-∂-Xm-sW-¶n¬ kXyw, kvt\
s°-√m-ap≈ A√m-lp-hns‚ ZqX-\mWv” lw, tkh-\w, a‰v \∑-Iƒs°m∂pw bm
(7:158). tbip XpS-cp-∂p:- “Ah≥ (ap-l- sXmcp hne-bp-an-s√∂p hcp-∂p. \∑bv-
Ω-Zv) \nßsf kIe kXy-Ønepw hgn- °pw Xn∑bv°pw X°-Xmb {]Xn-^ew
\-S-Øpw. Ah≥ (ap-l-Ω-Zv) kzb-ambn \¬Ip-hm≥ Cu temIsØ bmsXmcp
kwkm-cn-°msX Xm≥ tIƒ°p-∂Xv kw kwhn-[m-\Ø- n\pw Ign-bp-Ib- n-√∂
- X
- mWv
km-cn-°pIbpw hcp-hm-\p-≈Xv \n߃°v hkvXp-X. Hcmsf sIm∂-h\pw Bbn-c-
Adn-bn-®p-X-cn-Ibpw sNøpw” (16:9˛13). amfp-Isf sIms∂m-Sp-°p-∂h - \pw \ΩpsS
hnip≤ Jp¿-B\pw \_nNcybpw \oXn-\ymb tImS-Xn°v ]c-am-h[n sImSp-
(l-Zo-Y-v) hmbn®p-t\m-°q. F¥mWv ]m °m-hp∂ in£ h[-in-£-bm-Wv. CsX-
]w? F¥mWv \oXn? F¥mWv \ymb- ßs\ \ymb-amIpw? kXy-Øn\pw [¿a--
hn[n? Chsb kw_-‘n®v A¿Y-i¶- Øn\pw th≠n kz¥w PohnXw \o°n-
°n-S-bn-√msX hy‡-amb D-Ø-c-ß-fpw- sh® ]e almflm-°ƒ°pw kaqlw \
\n¿tZ-i-ßfpw temI-Øn\v \¬Ip-∂- ¬Inb {]Xn-^ew a¿Z-\-ßfpw ]oU-\-
Xmbn ImWmw. am{X-hp-a√ hnip≤ Jp¿- ßfpw A]-am-\-hp-am-Wv. Ah-cn¬ F{X-
B≥ Ah-X-cn-®Xv hy‡-amb ssZhn-I sb{X al-Øp-°-fmWv ssZhn-I am¿K--
shfn- ] - m - S ns‚ ASn- ÿ m- \ - Ø n- e m- W v . Øn¬- c‡-km-£n-Xzw hln-®n-´p-≈Xv!-
ssZh-Øns‚ hN-\a - m-WX
- .v AXn¬ apl- Ah-cpsS k¬{]-hr-Øn-Iƒ°pw XymK-
ΩZv \_n-bpsS Hcp hN\w t]mep-an-√. ߃°pw {]Xn-^ew \¬Is∏-Sp∂ Hcp
Hmtcm A[-ym-bhpw XpS-ßp-∂Xv ssZh- thZn Bh-iy-at√? AXp-t]mse Ah-
43
cpsS i{Xp-°ƒ°pw? `oI-c-hm-Z-Øn-s‚
bpw Xo{h-hm-Z-Øn-s‚bpw h¿K-ob hmZ-
Øns‚bpw t]cn¬ F{X-sb{X \nc-]c - m-
[n-If-mWv AdpsIme sNø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
B Im´m-f∑ - m-cpsS sNbvXn-Iƒ°v A¿l-
amb in£ e`n-t°t≠? AXp-t]mse
`oI-ch- m-ZØ- n-s‚bpw Xo{h-hm-ZØ - n-s‚bpw
ad-]n-Sn-®p-sIm≠v Nne {]tXyI cmPy-
ßsf sXc-™p-]n-Sn®v Ahn-SpsØ P\-
ßsf \njvTqcw sIms∂mSp-°p∂ Xn∑-
bpsS ]cym-b-ß-fmb tPm¿Pv _pjns\
t]mep≈ sImSpw `oI-c-∑m¿°v A¿l-
amb in£ Bcv \¬Ipw? Agn-aX - n, ssI
°q-en, Icn-©-¥, ambw-tN¿°¬, \nb-
a-]m-e-I-cnse Im]m-en-I¿- Ch-cn¬ \
s√m-cp-`m-Khpw kp`n-£-ambn Pohn®v
AtX Ah-ÿb - n¬ acn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
∂p. Ch¿°n-cb - m-Ip∂ P\-hn-`m-Ka - m-Is´
hen-sbmcp iX-am\w \c-In®p-Pohn®v
\c-I-bmX\-tbmsS acn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
∂p. C{]-Imcw a\p-jy¿ sNøp∂ \∑-
Iƒ Xn∑-Iƒ°pw A¿l-amb c£bpw
in£bpw e`n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. AXv \¬
Im\p≈ kwhn-[m-\-amWv ]c-tem-Iw.
Cu {]]- © - Ø n\v Hc- ¥ y- a p- ≠ v .
F∂m¬ B A¥y-Zn-\s - Ø-°p-dn®v tem
I-Ønse Hcp i‡n°pw Adn-bp-I-bn-
√. apl-ΩZv \_n-()°p-t]mepw A-dn-
bm-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.- AXv A√m-lp-hn\v am{Xw
Adn-bm-hp-∂Xpw Ah≥ B¿°pw Adn-
bn-®n-sIm-Sp-°m-Øp-amb Hcp ]cacl-ky-
am-sW∂v Ckvemw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. tbip
]d™p:
“F∂m¬ B Znh-k-sØ-°p-dnt®m
B aWn-°q-dns\°-pdnt®m ]nXm-hn-\-
√msX a‰m¿°pw kz¿K-Øn-ep≈ ZqX-
∑m¿t°m ]p{X-\p(-tb-ip-hn-\p) t]mep
tam Adn-™p-IqSm” (am¿°v 13:32).
Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p: “Xo¿®-bmbpw
A¥y-ka - bw hcn-IX - s∂ sNøpw. Hmtcm
hy‡n°pw Xm≥ {]b-Xv\n-°p-∂X - n-\\- p-
kr-X-ambn {]Xn-^ew \¬I-s∏-Sm≥
th≠n Rm\Xv tKm]y-am°n sht®-°mw.
BI-bm¬ AXn¬ (A-¥y-k-a-b-Øv)
hniz-kn-°mXn-cn-°p-Ibpw X∂n-jvSsØ
]n≥]-‰p-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿ AXn¬ (hn-
iz-kn-°p-∂X - n¬) \n∂v \ns∂ XS-bm-Xn-
cn-°-s´. Aßs\ kwi-bn-°p∂ ]£w
\obpw \mi-aS- b - p-∂X- mWv” (20:15,16).
A¥y-Zn-\-Ønse kw`h hnIm-k-
ßsf kw_-‘n®v hnip≤ Jp¿-B\pw
2006 G-{]n¬-
ss__nfpw ap∂-dn-bn-∏v \¬Ip-∂p-≠v.
Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv ImWpI:
“kqcy≥ Np‰n-s∏m-Xn-b-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ,
\£-{X-߃ DZn¿∂p hogp-tºmƒ. ]¿h-
-X-߃ k©-cn-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ” (81:1˛3).
“BImiw s]m´n-∏n-f-cp-tºmƒ. \£-{X-
߃ sImgn™p hogp-tºmƒ. kap-{Z-
߃ s]m´n Hgp-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ. J_-dp-
Iƒ Cf°n adn-°s - ∏-Sp-tºmƒ” (82: 1˛4).
{]]-©-Ønse k¿h-hpw \in°pw
A√mlp Hgn-sIsb∂v Jp¿-B≥ ]d
bp∂p: “Ahn-sS-bp≈ F√m-hcpw \in-
®p-t]m-Ip-∂-h-cm-Ip-∂p. al-Ø-zhpw DZm-
c-Xbpw D≈-h\ - mb \ns‚ c£n-Xm-hns‚
apJw Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂X - mWv”(55:26,27).
A¥yZn\-Ønse Ah-ÿsb kw_-
‘n®v ss__nƒ ]d-bp∂p: “A°m-e
sØ ]oU-\ß - ƒ°p tijw s]m-Sp-∂s\
Cu {]]-©-Øn\v Hc-¥y-ap-≠v. F∂m¬ B A¥y-Zn-\-sØ-°p-dn®v
temI-Ønse Hcp i‡n°pw Adn-bp-I-bn-√. apl-ΩZv \_n-()°p-t]mepw
A-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.- AXv A√m-lp-hn\v am{Xw Adn-bm-hp-∂Xpw Ah≥
B¿°pw Adn-bn-®n-sIm-Sp-°m-Øp-amb Hcp ]cacl-ky-am-sW∂v
Ckvemw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.
kqcy≥ Ccp-≠p-t]m-Ipw. N{μ≥ {]Imiw
Xcn--I-bn-√. \£-{X-߃ BIm-i-Øn
¬\n∂p \new-]-Xn-°pw. BImi i‡n-
Iƒ Cf-Ip-Ibpw sNøpw” (aØmbn- 24:20).
“kqcy-\nepw N{μ-\nepw \£-{X-ßf - nepw
AS-bm-f-ß-fn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏-Spw. IS-
ens‚bpw Xnc-am-e-I-ep-sSbpw Cc-º¬
P\-]-Z-ß-fn¬ kw{`aap-f-hm-°pw. kw`-
hn-°m≥ t]mIp-∂-hsb Hm¿Øp≈ `
bhpw BIp-eX - bpw sIm≠v `qhm-kn-Iƒ
AkvX{- ]-⁄c - m-Ipw. BImi i‡n-Iƒ
CfIpw” (eq°v 21:25˛27).
“B Znh-k-ß-fnse `oI-c-X-bn¬
K¿`n-Wn-Iƒ ape-bq-´p-∂h - ¿°pw ZpcnXw!”
(aØmbn 24:19). (B Znh-kß - f
- nse `oI-
c-Xn-bn¬ K¿`n-Wn-Iƒ Ah-c-dn-bmsX
{]k-hn-°p-Ibpw ape-bq-´p∂ kv{XoIƒ
Ah- c psS Ip™p- ß sf Dt]- £ n®v
kz¥w icocw kwc-£n-°m≥ th≠n
]em-b\w sNøp-sa∂pw hnh£). A∂v
k¿h-hpw \in-°p-Ibpw btlm-h-bmb
ssZhw am{Xw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bp-≈q-
sh∂v ss__nfpw km£n-°p-∂p. ss_
44
_nƒ ]dp-bp∂p: “I¿Ømhv (b-tlm-h)
`qan apgp-h-s‚bpw cmPm-hmbn hmgpw.
A∂v I¿Ømhv Hcp-h≥ am{Xsa D≠m-
bn-cn-°p-I-bp-≈q. Ahn-Sp-tØ°v Hcp
\maw am{Xw” (k-°-dnb 14:9).
blq-Zcpw ]c-tem-Ihpw
]gb\nb-aØ - n¬ Zm\ntb¬ 12:2 hN-
ß-sfm-gn-®m¬ ac-Wm-¥c Pohn-XsØ--
kw_-‘n®v Imcy-amb ]cm-a¿i-ßf - n√.
B hN\w C{]-Im-c-amWv:
“`qan-bnse s]mSn-bn¬ Dd-ßp∂
At\-I¿ DW-cpw. Nne¿ \nXy-Po-h∂m
bpw, Nne¿ A-]-am-\-Øn-\pw- \nXy-\nμ
bv°pambpw” (Zm-\n-tb¬ 12:2).
Cu hN\w ]c-tem-IsØ kw_-
‘n®v kqN\ \¬Ip-∂p-s≠-¶nepw AXv
F{]-Im-c-am-sW∂pw a‰v hnh-c-W-ßfpw
blqZ thZ-{K-Ÿß- f
- n-en-√. AXp-sIm≠v
Xs∂ blqZ {Kq∏p-If - nse d∫n-Iƒ°pw
]ptcm-ln-X∑ - m¿°n-Sb
- n¬ ]c-temI Pohn-
XsØ∏‰n hyXyÿ ImgvN∏ - m-Sm-W.v Hcp
DZm-l-cWw ImWpI: blqZcpsS {Kq∏p-
I-fnse- {][m\s∏-´- c≠v hn`m-Kß - f - m- Wv
‘lnt√epw’ ‘iΩmbv’bpw. ]pWyw sNbvX-
h\v c£bpw ]m]w sNbvX-h\v in£n-
bp-sa∂ Imcy-Øn¬ Ah¿°v tbmPn-∏p-
s≠-¶nepw a\p-jy¿ ]q¿W-amb A¿Y--
Øn¬ ]pWym-flm-°-sf∂pw ]m]n-I-
sf∂pw hnfn-°-s∏-Sm-sa∂ Imcy-Øn¬
Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xymkw
D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. iΩm-bn-bpsS ho£-W-
Øn¬ ]m]-Øns‚ Af-h-\p-k-cn®v a\p-
jy¿- \cIin£°v hnt[-b-c-m-h-p-Ibpw
AXv Ign-™m¬ ip≤o-Ic - n-°s - ∏-Sp-Ipbpw
sNøpw. F∂m¬ lnt√-ens‚ ho£-W-
Øn¬ Zb-m]-c-\mb ssZhw Ahsc ]m
]w t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Ønb tijw in£-bn¬
\n∂v ap‡-cm-°pw. blq-Z -tXmdbpsS
hymJym-\a - mb ‘X¬aqZv’¬ ]c-tem-IsØ
]‰n N¿® sNøp-∂X - v as‰mcp tIme-Øn-
em-Wv. temIm-hk - m\w ]pWym-flm-°sf-
ssZh-Øns‚ knwlm-k\ - Ø
- n≥- Nph-´n¬
{]tXyI ÿeØv ssZhw Hcp-an®p- Iq´p-
Ibpw CS-b° v nsS Ah¿°v kz¿K-hmkw
\¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ]m]n-Isf Nß-
e-I-fn¬ _‘n®v ‘\mi-Øns‚ amem-J-
am¿’ ‘IhW’Ifn¬ Xq°nbn´v Atßm-´p-
an-tßm´pw B´n Ah-cpsS ]m]-߃
IpS™p If-bp-∂p!-
tamim {]hm-NI - ∂-pw a‰p- {]hm-NI - ≥
am¿°pw Ah-Xc - n® thZ-{K-Ÿß - f- n¬ ]c-
temI Pohn-XsØ kw_-‘n-®p≈ hy
‡-amb ImgvN-∏mSv D≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂
sXmcp hkvXp-Xb - m-Wv. blqZ ]ptcm-ln-
X-∑mcpsSbpw d∫n-am-cp-sSbpw hymP-Xq-
enI thZ-{K-Ÿß - f - n¬ {]tbm-Kn-®X - n-\m¬
Ah A{]-Xy-£-ambn F∂-XmWv icn.
ss{IkvXh - cpw ]c-tem-Ihpw
ItØm-en-°˛s{]m´-Â v k`m-hn-`m-K-
߃ ac-Wm-\¥-cPo-hn-Øn¬ hniz-kn®v
hcp-∂p. a\p-jys‚ ac-W-tØmsS Pohn
Xw Ah-km-\n-°p-∂n-√m-sb∂pw BIm-
ihpw `qanbpw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Cu {]]-
©-Øn\v Hc-¥y-ap-s≠∂pw k¿h- a\p-
jy-scbpw Dbn¿∏n®v ssZh-k∂ - n-[n-bn¬
\ymb-hn-kX v mcw \S-Ønb tijw ssZhw
]m]nIsf \nXy\c-Im-·n-bn-te°v Fdn-
b-ps- a∂pw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ kz¿K-Øn
¬ ssZh-tØm-Sp-IqsS hkn-°p-sa-∂pw
Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p∂p. ss__nƒ hn
⁄m-\t- Imiw ]d-bp-∂Xv ImWpI:
“ac-Wm\-¥c Xm¬°m-enI in£-
sb-°p-dn®pw ]pXnb\nbaw km£n-°p-
∂p. kz¥w \ne-a-d∂v Xß-fptSXmb
hmk-ÿm\w Dt]-£n-®p-I-f™ ZqX-
∑msc alm-Zn-\-Ønse hn[n-hsc Ahn-
Sp∂p A‘-Im-c-Øn¬ \nXy-_-‘-ß-
fn¬ kq£n-®n-cn-°p∂p’ (bp 3:6). ‘hn[n
Znhkw hsc kq£n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn ZqX-
∑msc Ahn-Sp∂v Ccpƒ°p-gnIfn-te°v
X≈n-hn´p’ (2]t{Xm 2:4). ‘]mXm-fw-˛-ih
°pgn-˛X - m¬°m-enI in£-bpsS ÿe-am-
Wv. ImcWw Ahn-sS-bp-≈-h¿ ho≠pw
hn[n°v hnt[-bc - mIpw’(sh-fn 20:13). ‘]m
Xm-f-Øn¬ Bflmhv ico-c-Øn¬ \n∂v
th¿Xn-cn-bp-∂p. \c-IØ - n-em-Is´ Bflm
hpw ico-chpw Hcp-an®v in£°v hnt[-b-
cm-Ip∂p’ (aØmbn 5:29, 9:43,45,47, 18:8).
(ss_-_nƒ hn⁄m\ tImiw, ss__n
ƒ ssZh-imkv{X \nL-≠p. No^v FUn-
‰¿, tUm. amXyq sh≈m--\n-°¬. t]Pv
407).
2006 G-{]n¬-
kz¿§hpw \c-Ihpw
kz¿K-sØbpw \c-Is - Øbpw kw_-
‘n®v kphn-ti-j-ßf-n¬ [mcmfw ]cm-
a¿i-ß-fp-≠v. Nne DZml-c-W-߃ Im
WpI:
“\ns‚ ]mZw \n\°v Zpjvt{]-c-Wbv
°p Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p-sh-¶n¬ AXv apdn-
®p-If- b
- pI. c≠v ]mZ-ßfpw D≈h-\mbn
\c-I-Øn¬ Fdn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ
\√Xv apS¥-\mbn Poh-\n-te-°v-˛-kz¿K--
Øn-te-°v-˛-{]-th-in-°p-∂-XmWv. \ns‚
IÆp aqew \n\°p Zpjvt{]-cW D≠m-
°p-s∂-¶n¬ AXv Nqgp-s∂-SpØv Fdn
™p If-bp-I. Ccp IÆp-Ifpw D≈-h-
\mbn, ]pgp-Nm-Im-ØXpw Xo sISm-ØXp
amb \c-IØ - n-te°v Fdn-bs- ∏-Sp-∂X - n-s\-
°mƒ \√Xv Hcp ItÆm-Sp-IqSn ssZh
cmPy-Øn-te-°˛-v k
- z¿K-Øn-te-°˛-v {- ]-th-in-
X-߃- am-{X-am-Wv- kz¿-Km-h-Im-in-I-sf-∂- hm-Z-Øn-\v- sXfn-hmbn tbip-hns‚
BZ¿-i-߃°v hncp-≤-amb ]utem-kns‚ hN-\-ß-fmWv D≤-cn-°m-dv. tbip
]d-bp∂p "kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-°p-hm≥ tXmd-b-\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°pI'- F∂v.
F∂m¬ ]utemkv ]d-bp∂p: "\nb-am-\p-jvTm-\-Øn¬ (tXm-d-bn¬) B{i-bn-°p∂
F√m-hcpw im]-Øn\v hnt[-b-cm-Wv '- (KemØn 3:10).
°p-∂XmWv” (am¿°v 9:45˛48).
“ico-csØ sIm√p-Ibpw Bflm-
hns\ sIm√m≥ Ign-hn-√m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂h - sc \n߃ `b-s∏-tS-≠. adn®v
Bflm-hn-s\bpw ico-cs - Øbpw \c-IØ- n-
\n-c-bm-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-hs\ `b-s∏-Sp-
hn≥” (a-Ømbn 10:28).
“`qan-bn¬ \nt£]w Icp-Xn-h-bv°p-
cp-Xv. Xpcpºpw IoS-ßfpw Ah- \-in-∏n-
°pw; I≈-∑m¿ Xpc∂p tamjvSn-°pw,
F∂m¬ kz¿K- Ø n¬ \n߃°mbn
\nt£-]-߃ Icp-Xn-sh-°p-I. AhnsS
Xpcpºpw Io-S-ßfpw Ah \in-∏n-°p-I-
bn-√. I≈≥am¿ tamjvSn-°p-Ibn-√. \nß-
fpsS \nt£]w Fhn-sStbm Ahn-sS-bm-
bn-cn°pw \nß-fpsS lrZ-bhpw” (a-Ømbn
6:19˛21).
kz¿K-w {]m]n-°m≥ tXmdb-\p-kc
- n®v
Pohn-°-W-sa-∂mWv tbip Xs‚ A\p-
Nc∑msc ]Tn-∏n-®-Xv. ss__nƒ ]d-bp
∂p: [\n-I-\mb Hcp bphmhv tbip-hn
s‚ ASp-°¬ h∂v tNmZn®p. \nXy-Po-h
≥ (kz¿K-w) {]m]n-°p-hm≥ Rm≥ F¥v
45
sNøWw? tbip Ah-t\mSv ]d™p:
“Poh-\n¬ (kz¿K-Øn¬) {]th-in-°m≥
A`n-e-jn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ {]am-W-߃
(tXm-d) A\p-kc
- n-°pI” (a-Øm bn 19:17).-
ta¬kq-Nn-∏n®,- tbip-hns‚ A[-ym-
]-\ß- sf Im‰n¬]d-Øn-s°m≠v kz¿-K-
Øn¬ Npfp-hn¬ IS-∂p-Iq-Sm-sa-∂mWv
anj-W-dn-am¿ Xß-fpsS Ip™m-Sp-Isf
]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ‘R߃ kz¿K-Øn¬
{]th-in-°p-sa∂v Dd-∏m-W.v \n߃°v Dd-
∏pt≠m?’ F∂v kphn-tij thf-I-fn¬
Ah¿ s]cp-ºd apg-°m-dp-≠v. A-Xv- A-
h-cp-sS- hym-tam-lw- am-{X-am-Wv.- hn-ip-≤-
Jp¿-B-≥- ]-d-bp-∂p-:- ""(B¿-s°-¶n-epw)-
kz¿-KØ - n¬- {]-th-in-°W - s - a-¶n¬- b-lq-
Z-tcm- {In-kv-Xym-\n-I-tfm- B-hm-sX- ]-‰n-
s√-∂m-Wv- A-h¿- ]-db - p-∂X - v.- A-sXm-s°-
A-hc - p-sS- hym-tam-lß-fs- {X.- F-∂m¬- (\-
_n-tb)- ]-d-bp-:- "\-n-߃- k-Xy-hm-∑m-cm-
sW-¶n¬- (A-Xn-∂)v - \n-߃-°-v In-´n-b- sX-
fn-hp- sIm-≠p-h-cq'- F-∂v''- (2:- 11).-
X-߃- am-{X-am-Wv- kz¿-Km-h-Im-in-I-
sf-∂- hm-ZØ- n-\v- sXfn-hmbn tbip-hns‚
BZ¿-i-߃°v hncp-≤-amb ]utem-
kns‚ hN-\ß - f - mWv D≤-cn-°m-dv. tbip
]d-bp∂p "kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-°p-hm≥
tXmd-b-\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°pI'- F∂v. F
∂m¬ ]utemkv ]d-bp∂p: “\nb-am-\p-
jvTm-\Ø - n¬ (tXm-db - n¬) B{i-bn-°p∂
F√m-hcpw im]-Øn\v hnt[-b-cm-Wv”
(KemØn 3:10). am{X-a√,- tXmd-b-\p-k-
cn®v Pohn-®m¬ {InkvXym\n Ahp-Ib - n√
F∂pamWv At±lw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
“\nbaØn-emWv (tXm-db - n-em-W)v \n߃
\oXo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv F∂v Icp-Xp-s∂-
¶n¬ {InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ \nß-fpsS
_‘w hntO-Zn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p” (Kem
Øn 5:4).
‘hniz-kn-®m¬ am{Xw aXn’ F∂-XmWv
]utem-kns‚ ssZh-im-kv{Xw. I¿a--ß
ƒ°v At±lw bmsXmcp {]m[m-\yhpw
I¬]-n® - n-√. I¿a-߃sIm≠v Hcp {]tbm-
P-\h- p-an√ F∂mWv At±lw ]Tn∏n®Xv.
Nne hN-߃ ImWpI:
“AXpsIm≠v \ΩpsS hºp-]d - ®
- n¬
FhnsS? AXn\p ÿm\-an-√m-Xm-bn-cn-°p-
∂p. F¥-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-¬? {]-hr-Øn-I-
fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øntem? A√, hnizm-
k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬. Fs¥-
∂m¬, \nb-am-\p-jvTm\w IqSmsX Xs∂
hn-izm-kØ - m¬ a\p-jy≥ \oXo-Ic
- n-°s - ∏-
Sp∂p F∂p \mw A\p-am-\n-°p-∂p” (tdm
am 3:27,28). CXv ]utem-kns‚ A\p-am\w
am{X-am-Wv. At±lw XpS-cp∂p:
“BI-bm¬ tbip I¿-Øm-h-sW∂v
BZcw sIm≠v G‰p-]-d-bp-Ibpw ssZhw
Ahs\ acn-®-h-cn¬ \n∂pw Dbn¿∏n®p
F∂v lrZ-bØ - n¬ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sN
bvXm¬ \o c£ {]m]n-°pw” (tdma 10:9).
“I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hn¬ hniz-kn-
°p-I. \obpw \ns‚ IpSpw-_hpw c£
{]m]n-°pw” (A-t∏m. 16:31).
ta¬kq-Nn-∏n® ]utem-kns‚ ssZh-
imkv{Xw anj-Wd- n-am¿ G‰p-]m-Sp-Ib
- m-W.v
AØ-c-°msc kw_-‘n®v tbip ]d-
™Xv ‘aq-V≥am¿’ F∂mWv. bmt°m_v
]d-bp∂p:
“apV-\mb a\p-jym, {]hr-Øn-Iƒ
IqSm-sX-bp≈ hnizmkw ^e-c-ln-X-am-
sW∂v \n\°v sXfn- b n®p Xtc- ≠ -
Xpt≠m?..... Bflm-hn-√mØ icocw arX-
am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv t]mse {]hr-Øn IqSm-
sXbp≈ hnizmkw arX-amWv” (bm-t°m
_v 2:20˛26).-
hnizmkw am{Xw t]mcm I¿a-hpw th
W-sa-∂t√ tbip ]Tn-∏n-®Xv?- AXp-sIm
≠v At±lw C{]-Imcw ]d™p: “CSp-
ßnb hmXn-eneqsS {]th-in-°p-hn≥.
hn\m-iØ - n-te-°v˛ \c-IØ
- n-te-°v˛ \bn-
°p∂ hmXn¬ hnkvXr-Xhpw hgn hnim-
e-hp-am-Wv. AXnse ISp-∂p-t]m-Ip∂h¿
hfscbmWpXm\pw. F∂m¬ Poh-\n-te-
°v˛ kz¿K-Øn-te°v˛ \bn-°p∂ hmXn
¬ CSp-ßn-bXpw hgn hoXnIpd-™-Xp-
am-W.v AXp-Is - ≠-Øp-∂h - tcm Npcp°w”
(a-Ømbn 7:13,14).
At±lw ]d- ™ Xv ‘CSp- ß nb
hmXneneqsS {]th-in-°p-hn≥’ F∂m-W.v
ImcWw Hcp kXy-hn-izm-knsb kw_-
‘n-®n-S-tØmfw `uXnI temIw Pbn-e-
d-bm-Wv. Ah\v Cu temIw CSp-°hpw
2006 G-{]n¬-
sRcp-°hpw D≠m-°pw. F∂m¬ anj- ac-Wm\-¥cw a\p-jy¿°v e`n-°p∂
W-dn-am¿ \bn-°p-∂-Xm-Is´ ‘hniz-kn- kz¿K˛\cI Pohn-XsØ∏‰n tbip ]Tn-
®m¬ am{Xw aXn’ F∂ hnkvXr-Xhpw ∏® Hcp ]mTw IqSn kqNn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v
hnim-e-hp-amb h-gn-bn-te-°m-Wv. AXv Cu `mKw Ah-km-\n-∏n-°mw.
sNs∂-Øp-∂tXm \c-IØ - n-te-°pw. “Hcp [\-hm≥ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah≥
`uXnI temI-Øn\v tbip Hcp hne sNa∂ ]´pw arZpe hkv{X-ßfpw [cn-
bpw I¬∏n-®n-´n-√. Cu temI-Øns‚ °p-Ibpw F∂pw kp`n-£-ambn `£n®v
h¿W-∏-In-´n¬ B≠p-t]m-Im-Xn-cn-°m≥ B\μn°pIbpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Ahs‚
At±lw Xs‚ A\p-N-c-∑msc `uXnI ]Sn-hm-Xn¬°¬ emk¿ Fs∂mcp [cn-
kºØv B¿P-n-°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ \n {Z≥ InS-∂n-cp-∂p. Ahs‚ icocw {hW-
cp¬kml-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Xm°oXv sNøp- ߃sIm≠v \nd-™p. [\-hms‚ tai-
Ibpw sNbvXp. tbip ]d™p: bn¬ \n∂p hoWn-cp-∂-hsIm≠v hni-∏-
“kº-∂t- c, \n߃°v ZpcnXw! \nß- S-°m≥ Ah≥ B{K-ln-®p. \mbv°ƒ
fpsS {]Xn- ^ ew \n߃°v In´n- ° - h∂p Ahs‚ hrW-߃ \°n-bn-cp-∂p.
gn™p” (eq°v 6:24). “Zcn-{Z-cmb \n߃ B [cn-{Z≥ acn-®p. ssZh-Zq-X≥am¿ Ah
ku`m-Ky-hm-∑m¿.- Fs¥-∂m¬ ssZh-cm- s\- A{_-lm-Øns‚ aSn-bn-te°v kwh-
Pyw-˛k
- z¿K-w˛- \ - p-tS-XmWv” (eq°v 6:20).
- n-ßf ln-®p. B [\nI\pw acn®p AS-°-s∏-
“t]mbn \n߃°p-≈-sX√mw hn‰v Zcn- ´p. Ah≥ \c-I-Øn¬ ]oU-n-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-
{Z¿°v \¬I-Ww. At∏mƒ kz¿K-cmPy- tºmƒ IÆp-Iƒ Db¿Øn t\m°n, Zqsc
hnizmkw am{Xw t]mcm I¿a-hpw thW-sa-∂t√ tbip ]Tn-∏n-®Xv ?-
AXp-sIm≠v At±lw C{]-Imcw ]d™p: CSp-ßnb hmXn-eneqsS {]th-in-°p-
hn≥. hn\m-i-Øn-te-°v˛ \c-I-Øn-te-°v˛ \bn-°p∂ hmXn¬ hnkvXr-Xhpw
hgn hnim-e-hp-am-Wv. AXnse ISp-∂p-t]m-Ip∂h¿ hfscbmWpXm\pw.
F∂m¬ Poh-\n-te-°v˛ kz¿K-Øn-te°v˛ \bn-°p∂ hmXn¬ CSp-ßn-bXpw
hgn hoXnIpd-™-Xp-am-Wv. AXp- I-s≠-Øp-∂-htcm Npcp°w.
߃ \n߃°v CSap-≠m-°-pw” (am¿°v A{_- l m- s Øbpw Ahs‚ aSn- b n¬
10:21). “\n߃°p≈sX√mw Dt]-£n-°p- emk-dn-s\bpw I≠p. Ah≥ hnfn®p ]d-
∂n-s√-¶n¬ \nß-fnem¿°pw Fs‚ injy- ™p:- ]nXm-hmb A{_-lmta! F∂n¬
\m-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-an√” (eq°v 14:33). I\n-tb-Wta! Xs‚ hnc¬Xpºv sh≈
“[\-hm≥ kz¿K-cm-Py-Øn¬ {]th-in-°p- Øn¬ ap°n Fs‚ \mhv XWp-∏n-°m-
∂-Xnepw Ffp∏w H´Iw kqNn-°-pg-bn- \mbn emk-dns\ Ab-t°-Wta! Rm≥
eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-XmWv” (a-Ømbn Cu A·n-Pzm-eb- n¬ InS∂v bmX\ A\p-
19:24). “A√tbm [\-hm-∑m-tc, \nß-fpsS `-hn-°p-∂p. A{_lmw ]d™p: aI-t\
ta¬ hcp∂ Zpcn-X߃ \nanØw Ic \o Hm¿°pI: \n\°v Pohn-X-Im-eØv
™papd-bn-Sp-hn≥. \nß-fpsS [\w {Zhn F√m kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßfpw e`n-®n-cp-∂p.
®pw DSp∏p ]pgp-h-cn®pw t]mbn. \nß- emk-dnt\m IjvSX - I
- f
- pw. Ct∏mƒ Ah
fpsS s]m∂pw sh≈nbpw Id-]n-Sn®p \n ≥ ChnsS B\-μn-°p-Ibpw \o thZ\
ß-fpsS t\sc km£n-bmIpw. AXv Xo A\p-`-hn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. IqSm-sX,
t]mse \nß-fpsS PUsØ Xn∂pI- R-߃°pw- \n߃°pw as[y Hcp
fbpw” (bm-t°m_v 5:1˛4). ss{IkvX-h-cn- henb K¿Øhpw ÿm]n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-
te°v t\m°q. Ah¿ kº-∂-X-bpsS ∂p. ChnsS \n∂pw \nß-fpsS ASp-tØ
]pd-sI-bm-Wv. Ac-a-\-Ifpw _nj∏vlu- t°m AhnsS \n∂p Rß-fpsS ASp-
kp-Ifpw hØn-°m-\nse aWn-aμ - n-cß
- fpw tØt°m hcm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂-h¿°v
ta¬ kqNn-∏n® tbip-hns‚ hN-\-ß-fp- AXv km[n-°p-I-bn-√. At∏mƒ Ah≥
ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv t\m°q. tbip- ]d™p. ]nXmth,- Aß-s\-b¶ - n¬ emk-
hns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fm-Im≥ C°q-´¿°v dns\ Fs‚ ]nXr-`-h-\-Øn-te°v Ab-
tbmKy-Xb - pt≠m? t°-Wta F∂v Rm≥ At]-£n-°p-∂p.
46
F\n°v A©v ktlm-Z-ß-fp-≠v. Ah
cpw- ]oUI-fpsS Cu ÿeØv hcm-Xn-c-
t°-≠-Xn\v Ah≥ Ah¿°v km£yw
\¬I-s´. A{_lmw ]d™p: Ah¿°v
tamibpw {]hm-NI - ≥amcpw D≠-t√m. Ah-
cpsS hm°p-Iƒ tIƒ°-s´. [\-hm≥ ]d-
™p. ]nXmhmb A{_m-lm-ta, Aß-s\-
b-√. acn-®-h-cn¬ Hcp-h≥ sN∂p ]d-
™m¬ Ah¿ A\p-X-]n-°pw. A{_
lmw Aht\mSv ]d™p: tamibpw {]hm-
N-I≥amcpw ]d-bp-∂Xv Ah¿ tIƒ°p
∂n-s√-¶n¬ acn®h\n¬ \n∂v Hcp-h≥
Dbn¿Ømepw Ah¿°v t_m[y-am-hp-I-
bn√” (eq°v 16: 19˛31).
hn[n hnizmkw
‘ssZhw k¿h-⁄-\m-Wv, AKm-[-
⁄-\m-Wv, kq£v-a-⁄-\m-Wv, F√m
krjvSn-Isf kw_-‘n®pw apºp≈
F√m Imcy-ßfpw Ahsb krjvSn-°p-
∂-Xn\p apºp-Xs∂ Ah≥ Adn-™n-cn-
°p-∂p. AX-h≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. BXy¥n-I-am-bn, \∑
bpw Xn∑bpw ssZh-Øn-¶¬\n-∂pamWv’.
CXmWv hn[n-hn-izm-kw. Ckvemanse
hn[n-hn-izmkw ssZh-Øns‚ ⁄m\-
sØbpw a\p-jys‚ kzmX-{¥y-sØbpw
Htc t]mse ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
PqX- ss{IkvXh thZ-{KŸw CtX
XØ- z w Xs∂- b mWv ]Tn- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ - X v .
ssZhw F√m Imcy-ßfpw ap≥Iq´n \n›-
bn-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂pw ssZh-Øns‚ Adn-
thm-sS-b-√msX {]]-©-Øn¬ H∂pw
kw`-hn-°p-∂n√ F∂pw Ign-™Xpw \S-
°p-∂Xpw hcm-\n-cn-°p-∂Xpamb F√m
Imcy-ßfpw ssZh-Øns‚ Dt±-iy-{]-Imc--
amWv \S-°p-∂-sX∂pw Ah-cpsS thZ-
{KŸw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. ss__nƒ ]d-
bs´:
“BZn apXte Rm≥ A¥yw {]h
Nn®p. ]pcm-X\ Imew apXte kw`-hn-
°m\n-°p∂h {]h-Nn-®p. Rm≥ Acpƒ
sNbvXp. Fs‚ Btem-N\ \ne\n¬
°pw. Fs‚ e£y-ß-sf√mw Rm≥ ]q
¿Øn-bm°pw” (biø 46:10).
ss__n-fns‚ ho£-WØ - n¬ ssZhw
Ipi-h\pw a\p-jy≥ Ifn-aÆ - p-am-W.v “I¿
Ømth, \obmIp∂p Rß--f psS ]nXm-
hv. R߃ Ifn-aÆpw Aßv Ipi-h-\p-
am-W.v R߃ Aß-bpsS Ic-th-eb - mWv”
(biø 46:9). a\p-jys\ GXv hn[-Øn¬
cq-]s- ∏-Sp-ØW
- s
- a-∂Xv ssZh-Øns‚ Dt±-
2006 G-{]n¬-
i-y-Øn¬ s]´-Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v a\p-
jys\ aqI-t\m, _[n-ct\m, ImgvN-bp-
≈-h-t\m, Ipcp-St\m B°p-∂Xv ssZh-
am-Wv. sIm√p-∂Xpw Pohn-∏n-°p-∂Xpw
apdn-th¬∏n-°p-∂Xpw kpJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-
∂Xpw Ah≥ Xs∂. \∑bpw Xn∑bpw
ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p-am-sW∂v ss__nƒ
Ak-μn-Kv[-ambn {]Jym-]n-°p-∂p-≠v.
Xn∑-If- n-¬ \n∂I∂v ssZh-`b - `- ‡
- -
\mbn Pohn® Ctøm_v (tPm-_v) {]hm-
N-Is\ ssZhw ITn-\a - mbn ]co-£n-®t- ∏m
ƒ At±-l-Øns‚ `mcy Ctøm-_n-t\mSv
]d™p: “C\nbpw ssZh `‡n-bn¬
Dd®p \n¬°pt∂m? ssZhsØ i]n-®n´v
acn-°p-I. tPm_v `mcy-tbmSv ]d™p: t`m
jXzw ]d-bpt∂m? ssZhIc-ßf - n¬ \n∂v
\∑ kzoI-cn® \mw Xn∑ kzoI-cn-°p-hm
≥ aSn-°p-Itbm?” (tPm_v 2:9,10). as‰mcp
hN\w ImWpI: “Rm≥ \∑sb D≠m-
°p-∂p. Xn∑sb krjvSn-°p-∂p. btlm-
PqX- ss{IkvXh thZ-{KŸw CtX XØ-zw Xs∂-bmWv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
ssZhw F√m Imcy-ßfpw ap≥Iq´n \n›-bn-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂pw ssZh-Øns‚
Adn-thm-sS-b-√msX {]]-©-Øn¬ H∂pw kw`-hn-°p-∂n√ F∂pw Ign-™Xpw
\S-°p-∂Xpw hcm-\n-cn-°p-∂Xpamb F√m Imcy-ßfpw ssZh-Øns‚ Dt±-iy-
{]-Imc-amWv \S-°p-∂-sX∂pw Ah-cpsS thZ-{KŸw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.
h-bmb Rm≥ CsXm-s°bpw sNøp∂p”
(b-iø 45:7).
tamim {]hm-NI - \pw ssZhhpw XΩn-
ep≈ kw`m-jWw ImWpI: “tami I¿
Øm-hn-t\mSv ]d™p: I¿Øm-th, Rm≥
Hcn-°epw hmIvNmXp-cnbp≈h\mbn-cp-∂n-
√..... kwkm-cn-°p-tºmƒ \mhn\v XS- -
ap-≈h - \
- m-Wv Rm≥. I¿Ømhv Ah-t\mSv
tNmZn®p: BcmWv a\p-jy\v kwkmc
tijn \¬In-bXv? BcmWv Ahs\
aqIt\m _[n-ct\m ImgvN-bp-≈-ht\m
Ipcp-St\m B°p-∂Xv? I¿Øm-hmb
Rm\t√?” (]p-d-∏mSv 4:11,12).
ss__nƒ XpS-cp∂p: “Rm≥ am{X-
amWv ssZhw. Rm\-√msX thsd ssZh-
an-√. sIm√p-∂h - \pw Pohn-∏n-°p-∂h
- \pw
Rm≥. apdn-th¬∏n-°p-∂Xpw kpJ-s∏-Sp-
Øp-∂Xpw Rm≥ Xs∂. Fs‚ Iøn¬
\n∂pw c£-s∏-SpI B¿°pw km[y-
a√” (B-h¿ 32:39).
“Xm≥ (ssZ-hw) C—n-°p-∂-h-tcmSv
Ahn-Sp∂v IcpW ImWn-°p-∂p. X-m≥
47
C—n-°p-∂h - sc ITn\ lrZ-bc- m-°p-Ibpw
sNøp∂p” (tdma 9:18).-
hn[nhnizm-ksØ hna¿in-°p-∂-h-
tcmSv ss__nƒ kwh-Zn-°p-∂Xv C{]-Im-
c-am-Wv. “Ahn-SpsØ lnXw B¿°v XSp-
°m≥ Ignbpw? ssZh-tØmSv hmKzmZw \S-
Øm≥ a\pjym \o BcmWv? \o F¥n\m
Wv Fs∂ Cu hn[-Øn¬ \n¿an-®s - X∂v
]m{Xw Ipi-h-t\mSv tNmZn-°ptam? Htc
If-na¨ ]nWvUØ - n¬\n∂v t{ijv Ttam
lo\tam Bb D]-tbm-KØ - n-\p≈ ]m{X-
߃ \n¿a-n-°m≥ Ipi-h\v Ah-Im-i-an
t√? ssZhw Xs‚ t{Im[w shfn-hm°m\pw
i‡n Adn-bn-°m\pw B{K-ln-®p-sIm≠v
\in-∏n-°s - ∏-Sp-hm≥ th≠n \n¿an® t{Im
[-]m-{X-ßt- fmSv henb £a ImWn-®n-s√-
¶n¬ AXn-se¥v?” (tdma 9: 19˛22).
Ckvemanse hn[nhnizm-k-hp-ambn
ss__nƒ tbmPn®v t]mhp-∂p. hn[n-
bn¬ hnizkn-°Ww F∂p-X-s∂-bmWv
tbiphpw ap≥{]-hm-NI - ∑- mcpw Xß-fpsS
P\-Xsb DZvt_m-[n-∏n-®s - X∂v kpXcmw
hy‡-am-Wv.
\mev teJ-\-ß-fn-embn Ckvemw
Imcy-ßfpw Cuam≥ (hn-izm-kw-) Imcy-
ßfpamWv N¿®sNbvX-Xv. tbip-hn-s‚
bpw At±-lØ - n-\p-apºp≈ {]hm-NI - ∑
- m-
cp-sSbpw A[-ym]-\ß - f - n¬ Cu BZ¿iw
\ng-en®v \n∂-Xmbn ss__n-fns‚ ]n≥
_-et- ØmsS ka¿Y-n° - p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Cu BZ¿i-amWv tam£-Øn-te-°p-≈
am¿K-w.
aplΩZv \_n-() Xs‚ A\p-N-c-
∑msc [mcmfw kp∂Øv (N-cy-Iƒ) ]Tn-
∏n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Ah apkvenwIƒ
C∂pw CS-hn-SmsX XpS¿∂v A\pjvTn®p
h-cp-∂p. Cu Ncy-Iƒ tbiphpw Xs‚
A\p-Nc - ∑
- msc ]Tn-∏n-®n-´p-≠.v ss__nƒ
]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ Nne Ncy-I-fpsS D≤c
WnIƒ Is≠-Øm≥ Igp-bpw. Ah XpS
¿∂p N¿® sNømw. C≥im A√m.
 A-_q-A-ao≥-
hn-P-bw- ssI-h-cn-°m≥...-

""k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-I-tf,- \n-߃- £-an-°p-I-bpw- £-a-bn¬- an-I-hp-Im-Wn-°p-I-bpw- {]-Xn-tcm[-

k-∂-≤-cm-bn-cn-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-I.- \n-߃- A-√m-lp-sh- kq-£n®v- Po-hn-°p-I.- \n-߃-
hnPbw- {]m-]n-t®-°mw''- (Jp¿-B≥- 3:200.-- -

_‘-s∏-Sp∂ F√m taJ-ebnepw
hnP-bhpw t\´hpw ssIh-cn-°m≥ \mw
B{K-ln-°p-∂p. I®-h-S-Ønepw tPmen-
ÿ-eØpw ]-T-\-Ønepw IpSpw-_-Po-hn-
X-Ønepw F∂p th≠,- ClØnepw ]c-
Ønepw \ap°v hnP-ba - mWv e£yw. ]cm-
Pbw \mw CjvSs - ∏-Sp-∂n-√. F¶n¬ ASn-
ÿm\]c-ambn \Ωn¬ D≠m-bn-cn-t°≠
Hcp kZv-Kp-W-amWv a\- ns\ ]X-dmsX
\nb-{¥n-®p-\n¿Øm≥ km[n-°p-I-sb-
∂Xv.
kl-\-sa∂pw £a-sb-∂p-sams°
]d-bp∂ {]kvXpX kz`m-h-Kp-WsØ
hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ hfsc {]m[m-\y-tØm
sS ]e-hpcp ]cm-a¿in-®n-´p-≠v. £an-°p-
hm\pw AXp-ap-tJ\ ssZhnI klmbw
tXSphm\pw Jp¿-B≥- B-lzm-\w- sN-øp-
∂p-≠v.- a\- ns\ \nb-{¥n®p \n¿Øp-
hm≥ tijn-bp≈ £am-io-e¿°p k
t¥mjhm¿Ø Adn-bn-°p-∂p-≠v.- Ah
sc A√mlp {]tXyIw CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p-
sh∂pw Ah-cpsS klm-bn-bmbn A√m
lp Ah-tcm-sSm-∏-ap-s≠∂pw AØcw
kl-\i - o-e¿°p al-Ømb {]Xn-^e - a
- m-
Wp-≈-sX-∂p-sams° Jp¿-B≥ hnh-cn-
°p-∂p-≠v.
{][m-\-ambpw aq∂v Xe-ß-fn-emWv
Cu \nb-{¥-Whpw kl-\-hp-sams°
A\n-hm-cy-am-Ip-∂X- v.
1.- ssZhhn[n-bn¬ kam-[m-\n-°p-I.
\mw B{K-ln-°p∂ t]mse Imcy-߃
\S-∂p-sIm-≈W - s - a-∂n-√. I®-hS- Ø
tPmen-ÿe - Øpw ]-T\ - k
- Y -v e- Ø - pw- - hnhm-
l-Po-hn-X-Øn-ep-sams° \mw B{K-ln-
°m-ØXpw CjvSs - ∏-SmØpw kw`-hn-°mw.
AXn¬ \ncm-ic - mbn PohnXw kzbw \in-
∏n-°msX a\- ns\ \nb-{¥n ®v ]Iz-X-
bpsS ]mX sXc- s ™- S p- ° p- I - b mWv
hnPbam{K-ln-°p-∂-h¿ sNtø-≠-Xv.
aZyhpw ab-°p-a-cp∂pw Bfl-lXy bpw
H∂pw icn- b mb ]cn- l m- c - a - √ . B]
ØpItfm \jvSß - tfm tcmK-ßtfm _m[n-
°p-tºmgpw ssZhhn[n°v Iogvs]--tS-≠-
h-cmWv \Ωƒ F∂ Xncn-®d - nhv C√msX
t]mIp-tºmƒ aZy-Øn\pw ab-°p-a-cp-∂n
\pw ASn-ab - m-Ip∂hcp-sSbpw Bfl-lX
bn-te°v FSp-Øp-Nm-Sp-∂h - c - p-sSbpw kw
Jy h¿[-n° - p-∂X - mbn ]{X dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. Chn-sS-bmWv Jp¿-B\n
s‚ DZvt_m-[\w {]k-‡-am-hp-∂-Xv.
“Hcp Imcyw \n߃ shdp°p-Ibpw
(b-Ym¿Y-Øn¬)-AXv \n߃°v KpW-I-
c-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNømw. \nß-sfmcp
Imcyw CjvSs - ∏-Sp-Ibpw (b-Ym¿Y-Øn¬)
AXv \n߃°v tZmj-Ic - a
- m-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvsX∂pw hcmw. A√mlp Adnbp
∂p. \n߃ Adn-bp-∂n-√” (2:216).-
A£-a-cmbn FSpØpNmSn {]h¿
Øn-°p-∂-h¿°v Nne-t∏mƒ A_≤w
Xncn-®dn™v Xncp-Øp-hm≥ t]mepw Hcp-
]t£ km[n-s®∂v hcn-√. CXv ]cn-K-
- nepw Wn®v t_m[]q¿h-w {]h¿Øn-®-h¿t°
Ncn-{X-Øn¬ hnP-ba - p-≠m-bn-´p-≈q.
2.- Xn∑-bn-te°v- IpX-dn-tbm-Sp-hm≥
shº¬ sIm≈p∂ a\- ns\ ISn-™m-
Wn´v XS™p \n¿Øm-hm-\p≈ tijn-
bpw kl-\-hp-w-. Xn∑-bn-te°pw A[¿a-
Øn-te°pw \sΩ amSn-hn-fn-°p∂ \nc-
h[n kml-N-cy-ßfpw t{]c-I-ß-fp-ap-
≠mhpw \ap°pNp‰pw. Ahsb i‡-am
bn FXn¿Øp tXm¬-]n-°p-hm≥ £am-
io-e¿°-√msX km[n-°p-I-bn-√.
3.- \∑bn-te°v- IS-∂p-sN-√p-hm\pw
\∑-bpsS hml-Ic - m-Iphm\pw B{K-la - p-
≠m-bmepw \nc-h[n {]Xn-_-‘߃ D-
- y-
≠m-tb-°mw.- ssI°qen hmßp-h-m\pw
X´n-∏n\pw sh´n-∏n\pw Agn-a-Xn°pw
A{I-aØ - n\pw Iq´p-\n¬°p-hm-\p-sams°
t{]cn-∏n-°p∂ kl-{]-h¿Ø-Icpw kp
lr-Øp-°fpsam-s° \∑-bpsS ]mX-
bnse apƒs°-´p-If - m-W.v Ahsb XcWw
sNbvXv ssZh-ln-X-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v Po
hnXw {Ia-s∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa-¶n¬- tIhe
BZ¿i-hm-Zn-bm-bm¬ t]mcm-. i‡-amb
£abpw kl-\hpw A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv.
AXmWv Jp¿-B≥ ]d-™Xv £an°p
Ibpw £a-bn¬ anIhv ImWn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXv A√mlphns\ kq£n®v Pohn-
®m¬ hnPbw ssIh-cn-°m-sa∂v. k¿h--
i-‡≥ A\p-{K-ln-°s´!

2006 G-{]n¬- 48