PLC Based Teeth Manufacturing Chamber With HMI

1.

MOTIVATION:

The reason behind selecting teeth chamber as our final year project is the demand for high quality dental chambers in local and international markets at low cost, but is not available. We can explore our skills over PLC by controlling teeth manufacturing processes with units reserved for different tasks. The idea and logic behind our project is unique and interesting and is never introduced by alumni as a project due to complications in manufacturing process. The technology to construct artificial teeth here is imported mainly from China and Japan because this product is not manufactured in Pakistan. This project will help us to improve our practical knowledge and to increase our technical skills & give chance to work on this technology so it can be easily available in our markets at lower rates (60,000 approx) which exceeds over 250,000 PKR internationally.

2. OVERVIEW:
2.1 Significance of the Project: We devote ourselves to the research and the development in hightemperature material & technical and the correlation domain. Through it, we will have accumulated rich manufacture experiences, the abundant technical force, the advanced equipments, the integrated quality assurance system and the science management pattern. It will keep providing top quality products and first class service for commercial sectors especially in the field of dentistry.

2.2 Description Of The Project:

This project deals with the manufacturing of teeth in dental labs we call it as a dental chamber. In dental lab there are many processes done by this unit. We will be control its internal working and the conveyor belt of this unit through PLC and we also use human interface (HMI) in which different program is inserted for the convenience of the workers of dental lab they just write the code in HMI and the unit perform the desire operation it provides the facility to operate and monitor different processes by writing code on it. PLC is controlled by predefined instructions placed in it by the software used for programming. A conveyer belt along with sensors senses the arriving material with the help of relay bridges. Then lift motor lift the material towards manufacturing chamber, where thermocouples senses required temperature at different stages of manufacturing, after that the manufactured material is starts to vaccum at room temperature through vaccum pump.

Hence the system completes its work inside the chamber, and the material is again drive on conveyer belt.

2.3 Background of the project:

The use of artificial teeths and its manufacturing is increasing day by day as results there are numbers of private labs working to manufacture it with equipments that costs huge. In our research however we found that Dental chamber imported internationally is too costly and no one can easily afford it. The dental chamber performs different operations and it is one of the most important equipment in this field. Our task is to manufacture good quality Dental chamber so it can easily available on local markets so any one can easily afford it.

3. METHODOLOGY:
3.1 Design Phase:
The simplified version of our actual project block diagram is:

MULTIPE HEATER COIL

HMI

PLC

THERMO COUPLE

VACCUM PUMP

3.2 Implementation Phase:

In implementation phase we are trying to implement the methods and use of different hardware step by step and test it either we get perfect and desire results or not. we are try to work step by step there are different things like the controlling of lift pan, to create the temperature in the chamber, set the multiple coils, setting of different relays and limit switches, setting of vaccum pump use HMI and of course its programming and programming of plc is the main task we implement above mention work step by step.

3.3 Testing Phase:

The testing phase is an important method in every project to check its performances. As we working on costly project so it is necessary to take the result in each step that either we get the desire result or the desire result is not obtain. After implementation of each step mention in a block diagram its necessary to check it. After the completion of the whole steps their will another test will done. In this testing phase, the testing of the performance of the chamber will be involved i.e. it will be checked out that whether the machine (chamber) is working properly and its full fill application of the chamber use in dental labs or not. Its good if its satisfactory working is found. Other wise after diagnosing the fault, it will be removed for proper work to be done.

4. FEATURES:
This project will contain the following features: First time this technology introduce in local markets. 2. Process controlled via intelligent software. 3. PLC used for controlling internal work of chamber. 4. HMI provide the facility to the workers of lab that they perform desire operations by simply write code on it. 5. HMI also mention the internal temperature of the chamber to the workers of lab. 6. Conveyor belt use in it to take the models of teeth and pass into chamber. 7. After completion of the process Conveyor belt again use to take the model out from the chamber and pass to workers. 8. Low cost. 9. Reasonable time for the product manufacturing process. 10. Compact and easy to use.
1.

5. PROJECT PLANNING:
Our first planning regarding project is that our respected Internal and FYP committee approved it. Our plan is to check the local markets for availability of equipments and about their prices. The next work includes the implementation of different equipments used in it step by step like woks on lift pan on conveyor belt and other equipments mention in block diagram.

6. REQUIRED HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE:

Software:
As our main equipment use in project is PLC so our whole software will be developed on its programming we try to implement in it Ladder- logic programming. The project hardware will be connected to the software. Pre defined instructions will be placed in it, we also use HMI and its software in it.

Hardware:
The hardware units included in our project are listed below: PLC RELAYS RELAY BRIDGES CONVEYER MOTOR AND BELT LIFT MOTOR AND PAN THERMO COUPLE HEATER COIL LIMIT SWITCH HMI VACCUM PUMP HEATER COILS

7. DIAGRAMMATICAL REPRESENTATION OF OVERALL SYSTEM:

RELAY

HEATER COIL NO.1

START/STOP BUTTON

RELAY

HEATER COIL NO.2

ANALOG MODULE

THERMO COUPLE

HMI

PLC
LIMIT SWITCHES

RELAY

RELAY BRIDGE

RELAY BRIDGE

LIFT MOTOR CONVEYOR MOTOR VACCUM PUMP LIFT PAN CONVEYOR BELT

8. TIME AND COST ANALYSIS:

Its quite hard to give correct analysis of the cost of the equipments use in it but as a roughly discussion the total amount of the project is sixty thousand approx and the time analysis is probably six months enough to complete it.

9. APPLICATION OF PROJECT:
The main application of the project is to introduce the technology of Dental chamber in local markets having low price and to provide the facility of the dental lab workers to handle it easily. By the help of teeth manufacturing chamber we provide top quality products and first class service for commercial sector especially in the field of dentistry. We provide facility to the workers of lab that they can easily handle and perform their desire tasks.

10. FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS:

It is very hard to determine any enhancement so yet without working on it the more enhancement details can be given after the completion of the project but as a general enhancement. Microcontroller can be used instead of PLC.

11. CONCLUSION:
The main theme of our project is to gain knowledge as more as possible we can learn and improve our practical knowledge. We use PLC, HMI their soft wares and different hard wares. We also provide advantage to our nation wide labs as it is become possible that the low rate Dental chamber with a high performance can easily be available in our markets.

REFERENCES:
The labs listed below showed great interest in our project and readily gave enrich explanations and suggestions regarding our project. 12345Western Dental Lab (Gulshan). Al-Samad Dental Lab (Dastagir). Al-Fareed Dental Lab (Dastagir). Siddiqui Dental Lab (Esa Nagri). Dilshad Dental Lab (FB. Area).