Momentum dun lmpult Momentum dun lmpult

2
Do|om mehon|ho bendo berqeroh, d|je|o:hon me|o|u|
be:oron-be:oron yonq te|oh d|e|ojor| ontoro |o|n :
- o:|:|
- loroh
- keceoton
- erceoton
- vohtu temuh
- nerq| h|net|h
- nerq| oten:|o|
- nerq| Mehon|h
- er|ndohon
- Loju
- Coyo

0eIIItI memetum :ecoro f|:|: :

e:oron yonq meruohon uhuron mudoh otou
:uhornyo :uotu bendo menquboh heodoon qerohnyo
(menquboh heceotonnyo, d|er|ombot otou
d|erceot) memetum
0eIIItI memetum :ecoro motemot|: :
Ho:|| ho|| mo::o don heceoton
p= v 2

Momentum be:oron uehtor , :otuonnyo hq.ml:

&huron e:or,
keceoton Rendoh -
Momentum kec||
&huron kec||,
keceoton 1|nqq| -
Momentum e:or

ontoh 5oo| :
- eroo be:or momentum burunq 22 q yonq terbonq
denqon |oju s,I ml:!
- Cerbonq hereto o| I2. hq berjo|on :end|r| d| oto: re|
yonq t|doh memunyo| qe:ehon denqon |oju hon:ton Is,
ml:. eroo momentumnyo!
- l|ho :uotu e|uru mem|||h| mo::o 2I, q d|tembohhon don
mem|||h| |oju 2I ml:, beroo momentumnyo!
p= v 2

Loju erubohon momentum :ebuoh bendo :omo

denqon qoyo toto| yonq d|ber|hon odonyo
p
F
9

v v
v v
F
2
2 2
9 9

v
a 2 2
9

Hh. Newton
emetum do Hubum Hewte

- A||ho:| dor| rumu:on ter:ebut m|:o|nyo odo

er:oo|on qeroh rohet
- Rohet yonq berqeroh uert|ho|
mem|||h| mo::o toto| 2I,hq don
membowo bohon bohor I,hq.
ohon bohor |n| d|bohor denqon
|oju embohoron I9hql: :eh|nqqo
he|uor dor| rohet denqon
heceoton 2sml: he bowoh.
- H|tunq|oh
- Coyo doronq rohet
- Coyo netto rohet
- keceoton rohet
- Anqqo t|doh odo qe:ehon
s
ocra| dcrcng
|x|crna| R
Ki|a |c|an ncnpcrc|cn nuoungan oanua .
M a |
M a | |
dM
M a z| t .
d|
%

%nrus| R
Gaqa dcrcng. ada|an su|u |cdua dari pcrsanaan di a|as.
dM
| t ( n / s)( |g / s) . N.
d|
L

ocra|
Nc||c
Gaqa nc||c..
| Mg ( . |g)( . n / s ) . N
| GaqaDcrcng Mg . N . N . N
L L
L L L




9
ocra| R
R
R
t
Ki|a |cnoa|i |c pcrsanaan aua|.
dt dM
M z| t
d| d|
dt dM
M Mg t .
d| d|
qang dapa| di|u|is scoagai.
dM
dt gd| t
M
di nana |cccpa|an dan nassa M ncrupa|an fungsi ua||u.
Dcngan ncngin|cgra||an.
dt

c c
t | M
R
M
c R
c
c R
c
R
dM
gd| t
M
M
t(| ) t g| t |n
M
M(| )
t(| ) t g| t |n
M
Pcrsanaan ini |ida| asing |agi! Dua su|u pcr|ana di |anan nirip gcra| ja|un ocoas.
Su|u |cr|anir a|an ncnanoan |cccpa|an |arcna t dan |n

|cduanqa ncga|if.
I
ontoh
A|r he|uor dor| :e|onq
denqon deb|t I, hql: don
|oju 2 ml:, don d|orohhon
odo :|:| mob||, yonq
menqhent|hon qeroh
mojunyo, (yo|tu, h|to
obo|hon erc|hon he
be|ohonq.) eroo qoyo
yonq d|ber|hon o|r odo
mob||!
II
enye|e:o|on
k|to omb|| oroh x o:|t|f he honon. odo :et|o :ehon, o|r
denqon momentum
x
- mu
x
- (I, hq)(2 ml:) - hq.ml:
berhent| odo :oot menqeno| mob||.
e:or qoyo (d|onqqo hon:ton) yonq horu: d|ber|hon mob||
untuh meruboh momentum o|r :ejum|oh |n| odo|oh
akhir awal
kg.m/s
N
1, s
5 5 5

9 9



1ondo m|nu: menunjuhhon bohwo qoyo odo o|r ber|owonon
oroh denqon heceoton o:o| o|r. Mob|| member|hon qoyo
:ebe:or N he h|r| untuh menqhent|hon o|r, :eh|nqqo dor|
huhum Newton het|qo, o|r member|hon qoyo :ebe:or N
odo mob||.
I2
ebeboIo emetum , 7umbubo
Momentum toto| dor| :uotu :|:tem bendo-bendo
yonq ter|:o|o:| odo|oh hon:ton
tIttem
:ehumu|on bendo yonq
ber|nteroh:| :otu :omo |o|n
tIttem
terIteIotI
:uotu :|:tem d| mono qoyo yonq
odo honyo|oh qoyo-qoyo d| ontoro
bendo-bendo odo :|:tem |tu :end|r|
Huhum keheho|on Momentum Doot D|qunohon &ntuh
Menqono||:|: Mehon|ho 1umbuhon, 1obrohon, Homburon, don
Ledohon
I
len|: 1umbuhon (berdo:or heho|-t|dohnyo
enerq| h|net|h :e|omo ro:e: tumbuhon) doot
d|boq| he do|om duo jen|::
- Lent|nq
(tenoqo h|net|h heho|)
- 1|doh Lent|nq
(enerq| h|net|h toto| :ete|oh tumbuhon :e|o|u
|eb|h hec|| dor| tenoqo h|net|h toto| :ebe|um
tumbuhon)
I

1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
' '

2 ; 2 ; 2 ; 2 ;
-Momentum heho|
-nerq| h|net|h heho|
1umbuhon Lent|nq :
scoc|un sc|c|an
' '
|K |K
|K |K ... |K |K ...

scoc|un sc|c|an
' '
' '
P P
P P ... P P ...
n t n t ... n t n t ...

I
ontoh
o|o b||yor denqon mo::o m yonq berqeroh denqon |oju 2 ml:
bertumbuhon dor| deon denqon bo|o heduo yonq mo::onyo
:omo don :edonq do|om heodoon d|om (u
2
- ). eroo |oju
heduo bo|o :ete|oh tumbuhon, denqon menqonqqo tumbuhon
ter:ebut |ent|nq!
enye|e:o|on
Hh keheho|on Momentum :



1 1
1 1
1 1
' '
' '
' '
2; 2; 2;
; ; ;
; ; ;
Hh keheho|on nerq| k|net|h:



1 1 1

1 1
1 1 1
' ' ' '

' '
2; 2; 2; ; ; ;
; ; ;
(I)
(2)
I
er:omoon (2) doot d|tu||: :

c

1 1 1 1
' ' ' ; ; ; ; ;
Cunohon er:omoon (I) :

c

1 1
' ' ' ; ; ; ;
D|ero|eh :

1 1
' ' ; ; ; ()
er:omoon (I) - er:omoon ()
c

1 1 1
1
1
' '
'
'
; ; ; ;
;
;
kemud|on dor| er:omoon (I) (otou () d|ero|eh

1
' / ; ; 2 8
o|o I d|berhent|hon o|eh tumbuhon, :ementoro bo|o 2
mendoot heceoton owo| bo|o I.
I
2 ml: 2 ml:
Is
1umbuhon 1|doh Lent|nq
- Momentum heho|
- nerq| h|net|h toto| :ete|oh tumbuhon |eb|h
hec|| dor| enerq| h|net|h toto| :ebe|um
tumbuhon
-1umbuhon t|doh |ent|nq :omo :eho|| :
heceoton heduo bendo :ete|oh tumbuhon :omo
-1umbuhon t|doh |ent|nq
I9
ontoh
5ebuoh qerbonq hereto I. hq yonq berjo|on denqon |oju
2, ml: menobroh qerbonq |o|n yonq :ejen|: yonq :edonq
do|om heodoon d|om. l|ho heduo qerbonq ter:ebut
ter:ombunq :eboqo| oh|bot dor| tumbuhon, beroo
heceoton ber:omo mereho!
h|tunq beroo be:or enerq| h|net|h owo| yonq d|uboh menjod| h|tunq beroo be:or enerq| h|net|h owo| yonq d|uboh menjod|
enerq| ono: otou bentuh enerq| |o|nnyo | enerq| ono: otou bentuh enerq| |o|nnyo |
2
5ebe|um tumbuhon
5e:udoh tumbuhon
2I
enye|e:o|on
Momentum toto| :|:tem :ebe|um tumbuhon

L c
1 1

(1. kg)(, m/s)+(1. kg)( m/s)

, 1 kg m/s
5 2 ; 2 ;
keduo qerbonq menyotu don berqeroh denqon heceoton
yonq :omo, m|:o| u'.
Momentum toto| :|:tem :ete|oh tumbuhon uI'-u2'-u'
c L c
' '
1
( ) , 1 kg m/s 5 2 2 ; 5
5e|e:o|hon untuh u', d|ero|eh u'- I2 ml:
22
nerq| h|net|h owo| :

c
L

1 1
6
1 1
(1. kg) , m/s

,88 1 J
2 ;
nerq| h|net|h :ete|oh tumbuhon :

c
L

'
1
6
1 1
' . kg 1, m/s

1, 1 J
2 2 ;
nerq| yonq d|uboh menjod| bentuh |o|n :
6 6 6
,88 1 J 1, 1 J 1, 1 J L L L
2
2
2
2
1umbuhon don |mu|:
ket|ho terjod| tumbuhon, qoyo
b|o:onyo me|onjoh dor| no| odo
:oot hontoh menjod| n||o| yonq
:onqot be:or do|om wohtu yonq
:onqot :|nqhot, don hemud|on
denqon dro:t|: hembo|| he no| |oq|.
Crof|h be:or qoyo yonq d|ber|hon
:otu bendo odo yonq |o|nnyo odo
:oot tumbuhon, :eboqo| funq:|
wohtu, h|ro-h|ro :omo denqon yonq
d|tunjuhhon o|eh huruo odo
qombor. 5e|onq wohtu /t b|o:onyo
cuhu nyoto don :onqot :|nqhot.

vohtu, t
C
o
y
o
,

F
2
p
F
9

heduo ruo: d|ho||hon denqon /t

F
mpuls perubahan momentum
9 5 c

Coyo roto-roto F yonq beherjo :e|omo :e|onq
wohtu /t menqho:||hon |mu|: yonq :omo (F /t)
denqon qoyo yonq :ebenornyo.
2s
1umbuhon odo Duo otou 1|qo D|men:|
keheho|on momentum don enerq| juqo b|:o d|terohon odo
tumbuhon duo otou t|qo d|men:|, don :|fot uehtor
momentum :onqot ent|nq. 5otu t|e umum dor| tumbuhon
yonq t|doh berhodoon odo|oh d| mono :ebuoh ort|he|
yonq berqeroh (d|:ebut royeht||) menobroh ort|he| heduo
yonq d|om (ort|he| "torqet"). |n| meruohon :|tuo:| umum
odo ermo|non :eert| b||yor, don untuh eh:er|men odo
f|:|ho otom don nuh||r (royeht||, dor| oncoron rod|ooht|f
otou oh:e|erotor enerq|-t|nqq|, menobroh |nt| torqet yonq
:to:|oner).
y
x
m
I
m
I
m
2
m
2
5
I
5
I
5
2
7'
I
7'
2
29
keheho|on momentum odo tumbuhon 2 d|men:|
odo oroh :umbu-x:

1 1
1 1 1 1 1
' '
' cos ' ' cos '

5 5 5 5
2 ; 2 ; 2 ; 7 7


koreno odo owo|nyo t|doh odo qeroh odo oroh
:umbu-y, homonen-y dor| momentum odo|oh no|

1 1
1 1 1
' '
' sin ' ' sin '

5 5 5 5
2 ; 2 ; 7 7

ontoh
7umbubo beIo bIIyor 5odo z-dImetI.
5ebuoh bo|o b||yor yonq berqeroh denqon |oju u
I
- , ml: odo
oroh -x (||hot qombor) menobroh bo|o |o|n denqon mo::o :omo
yonq do|om heodoon d|om. keduo bo|o ter||hot berencor
denqon :udut S terhodo :umbu x (bo|o I he oto: don bo|o 2
he bowoh). Vo|tu, 7
I
- S don 7
2
- -S. eroo |oju bo|o-bo|o
ter:ebut (|oju heduonyo :omo) !
y
x
m
I
m
I
m
2
m
2
5
I
5
I
5
2
7'
I
7'
2
I
enye|e:o|on
5umbu-x :

1 1
' cos ' cos 2; 2; 2;

5umbu-y :

1
' sin ' sin 2; 2;

m :o||nq menqh||onqhon.
Dor| er:omoon untuh :umbu-y :




1 1 1
sin sin
' ' ' '
sin sin
; ; ; ;








5ete|oh tumbuhon, heduo bo|o memunyo| |oju yonq
:omo
2
Dor| er:omoon untuh :umbu-x :



1 1 1
1
1
' cos ' cos ' cos
, m/s
' ' ,1 m/s
,77
cos
; ; ; ;
;
; ;

teoI-teoI
I. o|o 5ofbo| denqon mo::o ,22 hq denqon |oju , ml:
bertobrohon dor| deon don |ent|nq denqon bo|o |o|n
yonq :edonq d|om. 5ete|oh |tu, bo|o ertomo terontu|
hembo|| denqon |oju , m l :. H|tunq (o) heceoton bo|o
torqet :ete|oh tumbuhon, don (b) mo::o bo|o torqet.
2. Duo bo|o b||yor denqon mo::o yonq :omo menqo|om|
tumbuhon dor| deon yonq |ent|nq :emurno. l|ho |oju
owo| :o|oh :otu bo|o odo odo|oh 2, ml:, don yonq
|o|nnyo , ml: denqon oroh yonq ber|owonon, beroo
|oju heduo bo|o ter:ebut :ete|oh tumbuhon!

. o|o denqon mo::o , hq yonq berqeroh he t|mur (oroh

-x) denqon |oju , ml: menobroh bo|o mo::o ,22 hq yonq
:edonq d|om dor| deon. l|ho tumbuhon ter:ebut |ent|nq
:emurno, beroo |oju don oroh mo:|nq-mo:|nq bo|o :ete|oh
tumbuhon!
. |nt| :uotu otom yonq mu|o-mu|o d|om mo::onyo ,s x I
-2
hq. koreno ber:|fot rod|ooht|f, moho |nt| |n| odo :uotu :oot
menqe|uorhon ort|he| bermo::o ,xI
-2
hq denqon
heceoton I,xI

ml:. koreno |tu terdoot |nt| :|:o yonq

ter:entoh he be|ohonq ("reco||"). eroohoh heceoton |nt|
reco|| ter:ebut !

. o|o b||yor denqon mo::o m

A
- , hq berqeroh denqon |oju
u
A
- I,s ml: menobroh bo|o heduo, yonq odo owo|nyo d|om,
yonq mem|||h| mo::o m

- , hq. 5eboqo| oh|bot tumbuhon

ter:ebut, bo|o ertomo d|be|ohhon denqon membentuh
:udut S don |oju u
A
- I,I ml:.
(o) Denqon menqomb|| :umbu x :eboqo| oroh owo| bo|o A,
tu||:hon er:omoon-er:omoon yonq menyotohon
heheho|on momentum untuh homonen x don y :ecoro
ter|:oh.
(b) 5e|e:o|hon er:omoon-er:omoon |n| untuh mencor| u

, don
:udut, 7, dor| bo|o . lonqon onqqo tumbuhon ter:ebut
|ent|nq.

. 5ebuoh bendo terbunqhu: d| do|om Cedunq ut|h bermo::o I

hq t|bo-t|bo me|edoh menjod| duo boq|on denqon
erbond|nqon mo::o 2: don berqeroh :o||nq ber|owonon
oroh, j|ho ecohon ertomo berqeroh denqon heceoton I
ml:, beroohoh heceoton ecohon |o|nnyo !
. Dor| qombor tomoh :ebuoh
e|uru I qrom
d|tembohhon he oroh :o:oron
beruo bo|oh hoyu hq yonq
d|qontunqhon odo to|| yonq
onjonq. 5ete|oh d|tembohhon
e|uru ter:ebut ber:oronq d| do|om
bo|oh hoyu |tu don heduonyo
terdoronq no|h 2 cm dor| o:|:|
:emu|o. 1entuhon heceoton owo|
e|uru |

.2