Chapter: 14

Follower in Congregational Namz

(Mqta de e )

Rules and Regulations For

Namz of Momin
(A C o m p r e h e n s i v e G u i d e )

Chapter 14: Follower in congregational namz

He, who has performed namz behind a pious lim, has performed namz behind (any one of) Nabee. (Al-adee)

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Namz of Momin

Contents
1 . Mdrik mqtadee 1.1 Definition 1.2 How will mdrik mqtadee conclude namz? 349-349 349 349 349-350 349 350 350

2. Liq mqtadee
2.1 Definition 2.2 How will liq mqtadee conclude namz? 2.3 Issues pertaining to liq mqtadee 3 . Masbooq mqtadee 3.1 Definition 3.2 How will masbooq mqtadee conclude namz? 3.3 Issues pertaining to masbooq mqtadee 3.4 Makes salm along with imm! What to do? 3.5 Masbooq mqtadee and qadah kheerah

351-352 351 351 351 352 352

4. Liq-masbooq mqtadee
4.1 Definition 4.2 How will liq-masbooq mqtadee conclude namz? 4.3 Issues pertaining to liq-masbooq mqtadee

353-357 353 353 353

5. General issues applicable to all sorts of

mqtadee 5.1 Joining jamat in rkoo 5.2 Mqtadee following imm in haste without reciting entire tashahhd in qadah-e ool 5.3 Preceding imm 5.4 Mqtadee must follow some errors of imm 5.5 Mqtadee must not follow some errors of imm

358-361 358 359 359 360 361

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Chapter 14: Follower in congregational namz

(Qr'n Shareef, Soorah 50 Qf, verse 16) We indeed created the human being, and We know what his lower self whispers within him, and We are nearer to him than the jugular vein.

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Namz of Momin

Follower in a congregational namz behind an imm is called mqtadee. They can be classified into four categories: 1. 1.1
Mdrik mqtadee (Perceptive follower) Liq mqtadee (Victim follower) Masbooq mqtadee (Laggard follower) Liq - masbooq mqtadee (Victimized laggard follower)

Mdrik mqtadee (Perceptive follower):

Definition: Follower performing namz behind an imm from very beginning (i.e. from first rakat) or joined congregation (jamat) before or during the rkoo of the first rakat to the conclusion of namz is known as mdrik mqtadee.

1.2

How will mdrik mqtadee conclude namz? Mdrik mqtadee will conclude namz by making salm along with imm.

2.

Liq mqtadee (Victim follower):

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Chapter 14: Follower in congregational namz

2.1

Definition: Liq mqtadee is follower performing namz behind an imm from very beginning (i.e. from first rakat) but due to some unavoidable authentic reasons all or some rakats have been missed. For instance: Due to overcrowding or confusion, could not perform rkoo or sajdah. Non-traveler mqtadee performing namz behind a traveler imm in four rakat namz (oh'r, a'r or ish). Traveler imm will conclude his namz by making salm after two rakats but non-traveler mqtadee will have to complete remaining two rakats namz in the capacity of liq mqtadee. Ablution (voo) has been broken due to farting during namz.

2.2

How will liq mqtadee conclude namz? Liq mqtadee will not make salm along with imm. As soon as imm concludes his namz by making first (one) salm liq mqtadee will stand up and complete missed rakats.

2.3

Issues pertaining to liq mqtadee:

2.3.1 Issue: While completing missed or outstanding rakats liq mqtadee will behave as mdrik mqtadee. This is meant to understand that while completing missed or outstanding rakats liq mqtadee will perform namz assuming that he is performing namz behind an imm. He will neither recite qirat nor perform sajdah-e sah'v on a missed obligation. (Bahr-e ShariatIII/135, Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtr) 2.3.2 Issue: Suppose a non-traveler mqtadee is performing four-rakats (viz. oh'r, a'r or ish) namz behind a traveler imm. Traveler imm will conclude his namz after two rakats by making salm but non-traveler mqtadee will have to complete outstanding two rakats in the capacity of liq mqtadee assuming that he is 94

Namz of Momin performing namz behind an imm. In qiym he is not supposed to recite anything, rather should remain standing silently for the time taken to recite Soorah-e Ftiah. (Bahr-e Shariat IV/82, Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtr, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/395) 3. 3.1

Masbooq mqtadee (Laggard follower):

Definition: Masbooq mqtadee is a follower performing namz behind an imm who has missed initial rakats and joined the congregation (jamat) late.

3.2

How will masbooq mqtadee conclude namz? Masbooq mqtadee will not make salm along with imm. As soon as imm concludes his namz by making first (one) salm, masbooq will stand up so as to complete his missed rakats alone and thereafter conclude namz.

3.3

Issues pertaining to masbooq mqtadee:

3.3.1 Issue: While accomplishing missed rakats after imm has concluded namz by first (one) salm, masbooq mqtadee will recite qirat and perform sajdah-e sah'v on any missed obligation during namz. (Raddl-Mtr, Bahr-e Shariat III/136) 3.3.2 Issue: Masbooq mqtadee accomplishes missed rakats in the capacity of mnfarid (one who performs namz alone). And hence, all the rules and regulations of mnfarid will be applicable to masbooq mqtadee. He will have to begin with an and taavvz while accomplishing missed rakats if not recited earlier with due reasons like: At the time of joining jamat imm was reciting qirat loudly. At the time of joining jamat imm was in rkoo and it was likely to miss rkoo if opted to recite an and taavvz. At the time of joining jamat imm was in qadah. 95

Chapter 14: Follower in congregational namz (lam-geeri, Drr-e Mkhtr, Bahr-e Shariat III/136) 3.3.3 Issue: Suppose an individual came after the commencement of congregational namz, and found imm in rkoo, sajdah or qadah position. In this given situation, after saying takbeer-e tareemah masbooq mqtadee must join immediately the same ruk'n as of imm saying second takbeer (takbeer-e intiql). Please note that namz will be rendered null and void if whilst saying takbeer-e tareema bowed up to the extent of rkoo position. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat III/136) 3.4 Masbooq mqtadee makes salm along with imm! What to do?

3.4.1 Issue: As far as conclusion of namz is concerned (by making salm) masbooq mqtadee must not imitate and follow imm. Namz of those masbooq mqtadee will be rendered null and void who (because of lack of religious knowledge) deliberately made salm along with imm thinking that they are supposed to follow imm in each and every step in all circumstances. Namz of those masbooq mqtadee can be rectified by sajdah-e sah'v who erroneously made salm after some time of making salm by imm. Sajdah-e sah'v is not required to rectify the namz if masbooq mqtadee had erroneously made salm along with or just prior to imm. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtr, Bahr-e Shariat- III/138, Fatv Raaviyyah - III/394, 643) 3.5 Masbooq mqtadee and qadah-e kheerah:

3.5.1 Issue: Masbooq will recite only tashahhd in qadah kheerah albeit slowly to reduce waiting period till imm accomplishes namz with salm. If masbooq has recited tashahhd earlier, he should repeatedly repeat last verse of tashahhd.

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Namz of Momin

Ash-had al-la-ilha il-lal-lh va ash-had anna Mammadan abdh va rasoolah There is no harm in repeating the verse starting from Assalm alaikm . (Fatv Raaviyyah-III/394) 4.

Liq - masbooq mqtadee:

(Victimized laggard follower) Definition: When a masbooq mqtadee (laggard follower) becomes liq (victim) due to situations discussed under the head 3.1 (liq mqtadee) then he is called as liq-masbooq mqtadee. For instance, a non-traveler mqtadee joins the jamat of four rakat namz (oh'r, a'r or ish) somewhat late (say in second rakat) which is lead by a traveler imm. In this given situation traveler imm will conclude his namz after two rakats. Non-traveler mqtadee will have to complete his namz alone after conclusion of traveler imms namz. Here the nontraveler mqtadee has joined jamat lead by a traveler imm late hence he will be called liq-masbooq mqtadee.

4.1

4 .2

How will namz?

liq-masbooq

mqtadee

conclude

Liq-masbooq mqtadee will not make salm along with imm. As soon as imm concludes his namz by making first (one) salm, masbooq will stand up so as to complete his missed rakats alone according to rules and regulations of both liq and masbooq and thereafter will conclude namz. 4 .3 Issues pertaining to liq-masbooq mqtadee:

4.3.1 Issue: Lhiq-masbooq mqtadee should accomplish his missed part of namz after imm concludes his namz 97

Chapter 14: Follower in congregational namz by making first (one) salm. Those rakats missed as liq (due to reasons mentioned under the head 3.1) must be accomplished as per rules and regulations of liq mqtadee. This is meant to understand that perform namz as you are still behind imm. And, those rakats missed as masbooq (due to delayed joining the jamat) must be accomplished as per rules and regulations of masbooq mqtadee. This is meant to understand that perform namz as you are mnfarid. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Bahr-e Shariat- III/138) 4.3.2 Issue: Do not recite qirat in those rakats missed as liq (due to reasons mentioned under the head 3.1) because as a rule liq is a mqtadee (who is still following imm) and qirat is forbidden for those who are following and performing namz behind an imm. (Drr-e Mkhtr, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/396) 4.3.3 Issue: Liq-masbooq mqtadee should take utmost care in accomplishing his missed part of namz after imm concludes his namz by making first (one) salm. First of all perform those rakats which were to be performed as liq and then perform those rakats which were to be performed as masbooq. (Barr-Riq, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/398) 4.3.4 Exemplification: Example 1: Suppose, in a four rakat-namz (oh'r, a'r or ish) a non-traveler person joins jamat in second rakat behind a traveler imm. In this given situation, as traveler has to perform qa'r namz, traveler imm will conclude his namz after two rakats by making salm. Therefore masbooq mqtadee has performed only one rakat behind imm. This masbooq mqtadee will accomplish his outstanding three rakats as described below: Non-traveler mqtadee has to perform 2 (two) rakats out of 3 (three) missed rakats in the capacity of liq and remaining 1 (one) rakat in the capacity of masbooq. While accomplishing initial 2 rakats in the capacity of liq, one has to assume that he is performing namz behind 98

Namz of Momin imm and therefore will perform all ruk'n just in the same way as performs in jamat.

Non-traveler person joined Jamat lead by traveler imm in II rakat Behind imm only one rakat has been accomplished Stand up erect to perform outstanding rakats first in the capacity of liq after imm concludes the namz by one (first) salm First outstanding rakat as liq but second rakat of namz
Do not recite qirat i.e. Soorah-e Ftiah or any soorah. And, rather remain stand up silently for the time imm usually takes to recite Soorah-e Ftiah. Perform rkoo and sajdah.

Sit for qadah-e ool and recite only tashahhud.

Stand up for second outstanding rakat as liq But third of namz

Do not recite qirat i.e. Soorah-e Ftiah or any soorah. And, rather remain stand up silently for the time imm usually takes to recite Soorah-e Ftiah. Perform rkoo and sajdah.

Sit for qadah-e ool and recite only tashahhud.

Though this is third rakat of namz but from imms point of view it is fourth rakat (imm has already performed two rakats and these two rakats muqtadee has performed in the capacity of liq totaling to 4 (four) rakats.

Stand up for qiym of first missed rakat as masbooq but fourth of Recite an if not recited earlier namz
Directly start with taavvz and tasmiyah if an has been recited earlier. Recite Soorah-e Ftiah Annex another soorah to Soorah-e Ftiah. Perform rkoo and sajdah.

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Sit for qadah-e kheerah Recite tashahhud. Recite Drood-e Ibrheem and D-e Moorah.

Chapter 14: Follower in congregational namz

Conclude the namz by making Salm

(Ref: Drr-e Mkhtr, Raddl-Mtr, Khlatl Fatv, lam-geeri, Majmal Anhr Shar'-e Mltaqal Abr, Ghnyah Shar'-e Mnyah, Barr-Riq, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/395, 396, 398) Example 2: Suppose, in a four rakat-namz (oh'r, a'r or ish) a non-traveler person joins jamat in qadah-e kheerah1 lead by a traveler imm. In this given situation, as traveler has to perform qa'r namz, traveler imm will conclude his namz after two rakats by making salm. Therefore masbooq mqtadee has not performed even a single rakat behind imm. This masbooq mqtadee will accomplish his outstanding all four rakats as described below: Accomplish initial two rakats in the capacity of liq mqtadee and last two rakats in the capacity of masbooq mqtadee.

Non-traveler person joins jamat lead by traveler imm in qadah-e kheerah

Behind imm not a single rakat has been accomplished

Stand up erect to perform outstanding rakats first in the capacity of liq after imm concludes the namz by one (first) salm
1

Here the term kheerah is used to denote imms point of view. As a matter of fact the qadah is first one for muqtadee but for traveler imm the said qadah is kheerah one.

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First outstanding rakat as liq and first rakat of namz

Do not recite qirat i.e. Soorah-e Ftiah or any soorah. And, rather remain stand up silently for the time imm usually takes to recite Soorah-e Ftiah Perform rkoo and sajdah.

Stand up for second outstanding rakat as liq and second of namz

Do not recite qirat i.e. Soorah-e Ftiah or any soorah. And, rather remain stand up silently for the time imm usually takes to recite Soorah-e Ftiah Perform rkoo and sajdah.

Sit for qadah-e ool and recite only tashahhud.

Stand up erect to perform missed rakats as masbooq after accomplishing outstanding two rakats in the capacity of liq First missed rakat as masbooq but third of namz

Recite an if not recited earlier Directly start with taavvz and tasmiyah if an has been recited earlier. Recite Soorah-e Ftiah Annex another soorah to Soorah-e Ftiah. Perform rkoo and sajdah.

Second missed rakat as masbooq but fourth of namz

Recite Soorah-e Ftiah Annex another soorah to Soorah-e Ftiah. Perform rkoo and sajdah. Sit for qadah-e Recite Tashahhud.

kheerah

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Recite Drood-e Ibrheem and D-e Moorah.

Chapter 14: Follower in congregational namz

Conclude the namz by making salm (Ref: Drr-e Mkhtr, Mnyatl Malli, Majmal Anhr Shar'-e Mltaqal Abr, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/395) 5. General issues applicable to all sorts of

mqtadee:
Joining jamat in rkoo

Following imm in haste without reciting entire tashahhd in qadah-e ool

Preceding imm Must follow some errors of imm Must not follow some errors of imm

5.1

Joining jamat in rkoo:

5.1.1 Issue: suppose, the imm is in rkoo position and a mqtadee wishes to join the namz. In this given situation after takbeer-e tareemah there is no need to fold the hands. He may directly join in the rkoo. System of joining the rkoo: Say takbeer-e tareemah while standing erect. If there is no time to recite an or on reciting an imm may return from rkoo, then do not recite an. After takbeer-e tareemah immediately say another takbeer and bow for rkoo. If mqtadee is well aware that imm is used to take little bit more time in rkoo, and he is confident enough that he would be able to join rkoo even after reciting an, then and only then that mqtadee should recite an, and after that bow for rkoo whilst saying takbeer. This is snnat too! 102

Namz of Momin It is obligatory (far) to say takbeer-e tareemah whilst in absolute standing position. Some religiously ignorant people bow while saying takbeer-e tareemah so much so that they may touch their knee with their stretched out hands. It renders the namz null and void. It is essential to take care and see that it should not happen. (Fatv Raaviyyah-III/393) 5.2

Follows imm in haste:

(With incomplete recitation of tashahhd in qadah-e ool) Issue: Suppose, in qadah-e ool imm hurriedly recites tashahhd and stands up for third rakat and because of this some mqtadee follows him, in haste, with incomplete recitation of tashahhd. In this given situation, they must sit down again and after reciting complete tashahhd follow the imm, though a rakat may be missed in doing so. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat- III/139)

5.3

Preceding imm:

5.3.1 Issue: If mqtadee precedes Imm in doing any act in such a way that imm joins him in same act later on (for instance, mqtadee precedes in bowing for rkoo and imm comes to rkoo while mqtadee is still in rkoo position) then it can be said that both have been participated in the same act. However, this situation is extremely unlawful and stringently forbidden and adee has warned us about harsh punishment for doing so, however, in above given situation namz will remain in order. Further, if mqtadee lifts head from rkoo before imm bows for rkoo and mqtadee does not repeat the act along with imm then namz of mqtadee will be rendered invalid. This is because mqtadee has missed an obligatory duty (far) of following and imitating imm. (Raddl-Mtr, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/408)

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Chapter 14: Follower in congregational namz 5.3.2 Issue: If mqtadee lifts head prior to imm from rkoo or sajdah then it becomes vjib on him to return back to the previous position. Because of this the number of rkoo or sajdah, as the case may be, will not be counted as two. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat- III/139) 5.3.3 Issue: Suppose, mqtadee has preceded imm in bowing for rkoo or going for sajdah, but before he lifts his head imm comes in the same ruk'n then in this given situation the said ruk'n i.e. rkoo or sajdah will remain valid. However, it is arm (unlawful, forbidden) to precede imm. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat- III/140) 5.4 Must follow some errors of imm: 5.4.1 Issue: Below mentioned 5 (five) acts can be left if imm skips them: Extra takbeers of Eidain Qadah-e ool Sajdah-e tilvat Sajdah-e sah'v D-e Qnoot: only if there is a chance of missing rkoo otherwise bow for rkoo after reciting d-e qnoot. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat- III/139) 5.4.2 Imm is standing up for third rakat without qadah ool: Issue: Suppose, imm has started standing up for third rakat without qadah-e ool. In this given situation, mqtadee instead of imitating Imm should not miss qadah-e ool until imm has reached complete standing position. Rather mqtadee should prompt (lqmah) him so that before he reaches complete standing position, (imm) may come back to qadah position. If Imm does not return to qadah position and stands up erect completely then mqtadee should not prompt (lqmah) him otherwise namz of mqtadee will be rendered invalid. At this moment, mqtadee should stand up and follow imm. (Bahr-e Shariat III/139)

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Namz of Momin 5.4.3 Imm has completely stood up for third rakat without qadah ool: Issue: Once imm has stood up completely erect leaving qadah-e ool, then mqtadee should not prompt him to sit down. Otherwise, according to the sect of our Imm-e am Ab aneefah, namz of mqtadee will be rendered null and void. This is because of the fundamental rule that it is unlawful to return back to qadah position once you have stood up completely. Therefore, it stands useless to prompt him to sit down, and if done so, as a basic rule, will be considered as talking during the namz, which is a reprehensible and forbidden act. (Barr-Riq, Fatv Raaviyyah-III/404) 5.5

Must not follow some errors of imm:

5.5.1 Issue: Mqtadee must not follow or imitate following 4 (four) deeds even if mqtadee does: a. Extra sajdah in namz b. More than six extra takbeers in Eidain namz c. Fifth takbeer in namz-e janzah d. Standing up for additional rakat after qadah-e kheerah. 5.5.2 Imm stands up for fifth rakat after qadah kheerah: Issue: Suppose imm stands up for fifth rakat after qadah kheerah, in this given situation mqtadee should not stand up along with Imm. Be seated and wait for imms return. If imm returns back before sajdah of additional fifth rakat then mqtadee should accompany and follow him and conclude namz along with imm. Furthermore, suppose imm performs sajdah of fifth rakat instead of returning to qadah, in this situation mqtadee should conclude their namz themselves by making salm. 5.5.3 Imm stands up for fifth rakat without qadah kheerah:

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Chapter 14: Follower in congregational namz Issue: Suppose, imm stands up for fifth rakat without qadah kheerah and performs sajdah, in this situation namz of all (imm as well as mqtadee) will be rendered invalid even though mqtadee have concluded their namz after reciting tashahhd in qadah-e kheerah. (lam-geeri, Bahr-e Shariat- III/140)

(Qr'n Shareef Soorah: 2 - Baqarah, Verse: 238) Be regular in all your alts (namzes)

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Namz of Momin

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