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Hermelito Go (Last Update: Thursday, 11-Apr-2002 14:32:33 PDT )

Directory Mappings
Root filesystem Home Directory / /home /tmp /usr /var Sample configuration files -

AIX
{/dev/hd4} {/dev/hd1} {/dev/hd3} {/dev/hd2} {/dev/hd9var}
/usr /var /

FreeBSD
{/dev/ad0s1a} / /home /tmp {/dev/ad0s1f} {/dev/ad0s1e} /usr /var

HP-UX
{/dev/vg00/lvol1} {/dev/vg00/lvol4} {/dev/vg00/lvol6} {/dev/vg00/lvol7} {/dev/vg00/lvol8} /

LINUX(RedHat)
{/dev/sda1}

SOLARIS
/ {/dev/vx/dsk/rootvol} /export/home /dev/vx/dsk/home} /

Tru64
{/dev/rz0a}

/tmp /dev/vx/dsk/swapvol} /usr /var /usr {/dev/rz0g}

/usr/newconfig

User Accounts
Password files Groups file Maximum # of user ID Allow/Deny remote login User nobody's id # Group nobody's id #

AIX
/etc/passwd /etc/security/passwd /etc/group /etc/security/group 4294967295 /etc/security/user {rlogin=true} 4294967294 4294967294

FreeBSD
/etc/passwd

HP-UX
/etc/passwd /tcb/files/auth/r/root /etc/group /etc/logingroup 2147483647 /etc/securetty {console} -2 -2(nogroup)

LINUX(RedHat)
/etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/group 65535 /etc/securetty {ttyp1} 99 99 {lilo} control-x linux S passwd root /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/group 2147483647

Solaris

Tru64
/etc/passwd /etc/group 65535 /etc/securettys {ttyp1} 65534 65534

/etc/master.passwd /etc/group 65535

/etc/ttys

{secure} 65534 65534

/etc/default/login {CONSOLE=/dev/console} 60001 & 65534(nobody4) 60002 & 65534(nogroup)

Recover root password

boot from CD/Tape Installation/Maintenance Start Limited Shell getrootfs hdisk0 vi /etc/security/passwd

ok boot -s passwd root

>boot Interact with IPL ? Y ISL>hpux -iS passwd root

{grub} c kernel vmlinuz-2.4.9-13 single ro root=/dev/hda8 initrd /initrd-2.4.9-13.img boot passwd root

boot cdrom -s mkdir /tmp/a mount /dev/c0t0d0s0 /tmp/a vi /tmp/a/etc/shadow

press the HALT Button or (Control-P) >>>boot -fl s lsmbstartup /sbin/bcheckrc passwd root

Create new user Delete user List users Modify user account

mkuser rmuser lsuser -f ALL chuser -a

adduser rmuser

useradd userdel logins usermod

useradd userdel

useradd userdel logins

useradd userdel

usermod

usermod

usermod

General Commands
Unique host ID hostid

AIX

FreeBSD
uname -i

HP-UX
hostid

LINUX(RedHat)
hostid

Solaris
hostid

Tru64

Administrator

smit top monitor sar vmstat iostat alog -o -t boot errpt 1TB 2.75GB 2GB /dev/hd6 /etc/swapspaces lsps -a swapon -a AIX /etc/qconfig stopsrc -s lpd startsrc -s lpd enq lp lpr qprt enq -A lpq lpstat qchk cancel lprm qcan enq -x smit mkpq smit rmpq export LPDEST="pq" lpd
/dev/ad0s1b

sam top glance sar vmstat iostat dmesg 4TB 8TB 4GB /dev/vg00/lvol2 swap swapinfo -a swapon -a HP-UX /etc/lp/interface/* lpshut lpsched

linuxconf

admintool

Performance monitor System activity reporter Virtual Memory statistics I/O statistics Error logs Physical RAM Shared Memory Process Data Space Swap device Swap file type Display swap size Activate Swap Printers Printer Queues Stop LP Start LP

top sa vmstat iostat dmesg

top sar {sysstat} vmstat iostat {sysstat} dmesg 64 GB {>2.3.24} sysctl kernel.shmmax 900 MB /dev/sda2 partition type 82 free swapon -a LINUX /var/spool/lpd/lp/* /etc/init.d/lpd stop /etc/init.d/lpd start

top sar vmstat iostat dmesg 16TB

top /usr/opt/svr4/bin/sar vmstat iostat uerf -R -o full 4TB

/dev/vx/dsk/swapvol swap swap -l swap -a Solaris /etc/lp/interfaces/* /usr/lib/lp/lpshut /usr/lib/lp/lpsched

/dev/rz0b raw swapon -s swapon -a Tru64 /usr/spool/lpd /sbin/init.d/lpd stop /sbin/init.d/lpd start

swap swapinfo swapon -a FreeBSD /var/spool/print

Submit print jobs

lp

lp

lpr

lp lpr

lp lpr

LP statistics

lpq

lpstat

lpq

lpstat

lpstat

Remove print jobs

cancel lprm

cancel

lprm

cancel lprm

cancel lprm

Add printer queue Remove Printer queue Make default printer

lpadmin -p pq lpadmin -x pq lpadmin -d pq

printtool

lpadmin -p pq lpadmin -x pq lpadmin -d pq

lprsetup lprsetup export PRINTER="lp"

TCP/IP
Network IP configuration Hosts IP addresses Name service switch Network parameters Routing daemon

AIX
lsattr -E -l inet0 /etc/hosts /etc/netsvc.conf no -a gated /etc/rc.conf /etc/hosts /etc/host.conf sysctl routed

HP-UX
/etc/rc.config.d/netconf /etc/hosts /etc/nsswitch.conf ndd -h gated

LINUX(RedHat)
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ /etc/hosts /etc/nsswitch.conf sysctl -a | grep net routed

Solaris
/etc/hostname.* /etc/inet/* /etc/defaultrouter /etc/inet/hosts /etc/nsswitch.conf ndd /dev/[tcp|ip] ? in.routed routed

Tru64
/etc/rc.config /etc/hosts /etc/svc.conf

NIC Configurations Secondary IP Address Login prompt

ifconfig -a ifconfig en0 alias IP HERALD @ /etc/security/login.cfg odmget -q "attribute=num and uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" PdAt | sed "s/0-64/0-512/" | odmchange -q "attribute=num and uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" -o PdAt chdev -l pty0 -anum=256 -P reboot

ifconfig -a ifconfig xl0 alias IP

lanscan -v ifconfig lan0:1 IP telnetd -b /etc/issue rebuild your kernel with these new values NPTY=# NSTRPY=# reboot insf -d ptys -n # insf -d ptym -n # insf -d pts -s # -e -v

ifconfig -a modprobe ip_alias ifconfig eth0:1 IP /etc/issue

ifconfig -a ifconfig hme0:1 IP up BANNER @ /etc/default/telnetd

ifconfig -a ifconfig ln0 alias /etc/issue

{/etc/system} set pt_cnt = # {SYSV} set npty = # {BSD} cd /dev ./MAKEDEV -v pty {/etc/iu.ap} ptsl 0 # ldterm ttcompat halt boot -r cd /dev ./MAKEDEV PTY_1

Increase the # of pseudo-terminals

Maximum # of ptys Remote Shell YP/NIS service binder

512 remsh rsh /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind rsh /usr/sbin/ypbind

{MAXUSERS} remsh /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind

256 rsh /sbin/ypbind

176 3000 rsh

{BSD} {SYSV}

8192 rsh /usr/sbin/ypbind

/usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind

System Files
NFS exported NFS Client mounted directories

AIX
/etc/exports /etc/xtab

FreeBSD
/etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/xtab

HP-UX

LINUX(RedHat)
/etc/exports /var/lib/nfs/xtab

Solaris
/etc/dfs/dfstab /etc/dfs/sharetab /etc/rmtab 1 TB 8000 TB {vxfs} 1 TB 2 GB {= 64 K

Tru64
/etc/exports /var/adm/mountdtab 128 GB {<= 3.2G} 512 GB {>= 4.0} 16 TB {advfs} 128 GB {<= 3.2G} 512 GB {>= 4.0} 16 TB {advfs} 64 K

Max File System

128 GB

128 GB

2 TB

Max File Size Max # File Descriptors

64 GB

128 GB

2 GB {512B block size} 8192 GB {8KB block size} sysctl fs.file-max

64 K

60~ K

DISK/LVM Commands
Filesystem table Free disk blocks Device listing df -k lsdev -C

AIX
/etc/filesystems df -k

FreeBSD
/etc/fstab bdf

HP-UX:Disk &Filesystem
/etc/fstab df -k

LINUX(RedHat)
/etc/fstab df -k sysdef

SOLARIS
/etc/vfstab

Tru64
/etc/fstab df -k

/sbin/ioscan

cat /proc/devices

Disk information Disk Label LVM Concepts

bootinfo -s hdisk# lspv -l hdisk# Partition Volume

fdisk -v ad0 disklabel ad0 sub disk Volume Plex

diskinfo /dev/rdsk/c#t#d# pvdisplay -v /dev/dsk/C#t#d# logical extents logical volume

cat /proc/scsi/scsi0/sda/model fdisk -l logical extents logical volume

format -d c#t#d# format>current format>inquiry prtvtoc sub disk Volume Plex

file /dev/rrz0c disklabel -p rz0 sub disk Volume Plex disk group advfs /dev/vol/rootdg

Volume group Journal Filesystem type Default volume group jfs /dev/rootvg

volume group vxfs /dev/vg00

volume group ext2

disk group vxfs /dev/vx/dsk/rootdg

Display volume group Modify physical volume Prepare physical disk List physical volume Remove disk from volume group Move logical volumes to another physical volumes Create volume group Remove volume group Volume group availability Restore volume group Exports volume group Imports volume group Volume group listing Change logical volume characteristics List logical volume Make logical volume Extend logical volume Reduce logical volume Remove logical volume Prepare boot volumes Remove boot volumes Extend File system Reduce/Split mirrors Merge mirrors Create mirrors Add mirrors Create striped volumes

lsvg -l rootvg

vgdisplay -v vg00

vgdisplay -v

vxprint -l -g rootdg

volprint -l -g rootdg

chpv mkdev -c disk -l hdisk# lspv reducevg vinum move -f drive object vinum ld

pvchange pvcreate pvdisplay vgreduce

pvchange pvcreate pvdisplay vgreduce vxdiskadd vxprint -dl vxdg rmdisk voldiskadd volprint -dl voldg rmdisk

migratepv mkvg

pvmove vgcreate vgremove

pvmove vgcreate vgremove

vxassist move vxdg init

volassist move voldg init

chvg varyonvg varyoffvg

vgchange vgcfgrestore

vgchange vgcfgrestore vgexport vgimport vgscan vxdg deport vxdg import voldg deport voldg import

exportvg importvg lsvg

vgexport vgimport vgscan

chlv lslv mklv extendlv AIX reduce LV rmlv bootlist -m normal vinum rm vol vinum lv

lvchange lvdisplay lvcreate lvextend lvreduce lvremove lvlnboot lvrmboot

lvchange lvdisplay lvcreate lvextend lvreduce lvremove lilo

vxedit set vxprint -vl vxassist make vxassist growto vxassist shrinkto vxedit rm vxbootsetup

voledit set volprint -vl volassist make volassist growto volassist shrinkto voledit -g rootdg -rf rm vol1

chfs -a size=# /mt rmlvcopy

extendfs /dev/vg00/lvol8 fsadm -F vxfs -b {LE * 1024} /mt lvsplit lvmerge

resize2fs lvsplit lvmerge

vxva mkfs -M

mklv -c 2 mklvcopy lv 2 mklv -u 3 -S 64K

vinum mirror drive

lvcreate -m 1 lvextend -m 1

vxassist mirror

volassist make vol 100mb mirror=true

vinum stripe drive

lvcreate -i 3 -I 64

lvcreate -i 3 -I 64

vxassist make vol 100mb layout=raid5

volassist make vol 100mb layout=stripe

System recovery tape Backup Restore

mksysb -i /dev/rmt0 savevg -i rootvg restvg vinum saveconfig

/opt/ignite/bin/make_recovery fbackup frecover tar cvf /dev/rst0 / tar xvf /dev/rst0 ufsdump ufsrestore

/usr/sys/bin/btcreate vdump vrestore

MISC
Startup script Kernel

AIX
/etc/rc /usr/lib/boot/unix_up /etc/rc /kernel

FreeBSD
/sbin/rc /stand/vmunix sysdef kmtune kmsystem

HP-UX

LINUX(RedHat)
/etc/rc.d/rc /boot/vmlinuz

SOLARIS
/sbin/init.d /kernel/genunix

Tru64
/sbin/init.d /vmunix sysconfig dxkerneltuner

Kernel Parameters

lsattr -E -l sys0

sysctl -a

sysctl -a cd /usr/src/linux make mrproper make menuconfig make dep make clean make bzimage make install make modules make modules_install cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-2.2.16 mkinitrd /boot/initrd-2.2.16.img 2.2.16 vi /etc/lilo.conf lilo

sysdef -i

Reconfigure the kernel

chdev -l sys0 -a

cd /sys/i386/conf vi KERNEL config KERNEL cd ../../compile/KERNEL make depend make make install

cd /stand/build /usr/lbin/sysadm/system_prep -v -s system vi system mk_kernel -s system cd /stand mv system system.prev mv vmunix vmunix.prev mv dlkm dlkm.prev mv /stand/build/system system kmupdate /stand/build/vmunix_test

vi /etc/system reboot

doconfig

List modules Load module Unload module Initialize system Physical RAM Kernel Bits Crash utility Trace System Calls Machine model OS Level Run Level Core dump files

genkex

kldstat kldload kldunload

kmadmin -s kmadmin -L kmadmin -U set_parms initial grep -i Physical /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log getconf KERNEL_BITS

lsmod insmod rmmod netconf free getconf WORD_BIT lcrash strace uname -m uname -r runlevel

modinfo modload modunload sys-unconfig prtconf isainfo -kv crash truss uname -imp uname -r who -r /var/crash/`uname -n` netsetup uerf | grep memory 64 kdbx trace uname -p sizer -v who -r

install_assist bootinfo -r bootinfo -k crash syscalls uname -m bootinfo -m oslevel who -r /var/adm/ras

/stand/sysinstall sysctl hw.physmem

crash truss uname -m uname -r

adb tusc model uname -m uname -r who -r /var/adm/crash

{lilo} control-x linux S Key on service mode/F4 Boot from CD/Tape Select Maintenance Limited function Shell >boot Interact with IPL ? Y ISL>hpux -iS {grub} c kernel vmlinuz-2.4.9-13 single ro root=/dev/hda8 initrd /initrd-2.4.9-13.img boot

Boot single user

ok boot -s

ok boot -s

>>> boot -fl s

Maintenance mode

ok boot -as

>boot Interact with IPL ? Y ISL>hpux -lm control-B co

ok boot -as

Interrupt Key Return to console Timezone Management /etc/environment /etc/profile /etc/ntp.conf startsrc -s xntpd /etc/localtime /etc/rc.conf {xntpd_enable="YES"} /etc/rc.network

Stop-A ok go /etc/sysconfig/clock /etc/ntp.conf /etc/rc.d/init.d/xntpd /etc/TIMEZONE /etc/default/init /etc/inet/ntp.conf /etc/init.d/xntpd

control-P

/etc/TIMEZONE /etc/rc.config.d/netdaemons /sbin/init.d/xntpd

/etc/svid3_tz timezone rcmgr set XNTPD_CONF YES /sbin/init.d/xntpd

NTP Daemon

Software
Install Software Uninstall software List installed software Verify installed software List all files List installed patches Package owner SW Directory installp -a installp -u

AIX
pkg_add pkg_delete pkg_info -a swinstall swremove swlist

HP-UX

LINUX(RedHat)
rpm -i package rpm -e package rpm -qa rpm -V package rpm -ql package pkgadd pkgrm pkginfo pkginfo -i pkginfo -p

SOLARIS
setld -l setld -d setld -i setld -v

Tru64

lslpp -L all lppchk -v lslpp -f fileset instfix -i lslpp -w path /usr/lpp

swlist -l fileset -a state pkg_info -L package swlist -l file fileset swlist -l patch what /stand/vmunix swlist -l file | grep path /var/db/pkg /var/adm/sw/

pkgchk -l package patchadd -p

setld -i package dupatch -track -type patch

rpm -qf file /var/lib/rpm

pkgchk -l -p path /var/sadm /var/adm/smlogs

Devices
Devices /dev

AIX
/dev

FreeBSD
/dev

HP-UX
/dev

LINUX(RedHat)
/devices drvconfig devlinks disks tapes ports

SOLARIS
/dev

Tru64

Install devices for attached peripherals

cfgmgr -v

/dev/MAKEDEV

insf -e

/dev/MAKEDEV

scu scan edt scsimgr -scan_all

Remove device Device drivers CPU List Terminal

rmdev -l lscfg lsdev -Cc processor lsdev -Cc tty sysctl hw.model

rmsf lsdev ioscan -fnC processor ioscan -fnC tty cat /proc/cpuinfo

rem_drv prtconf -D psrinfo -v pmadm -l /usr/platform/`uname -m`/ sbin/prtdiag ok test-all /opt/SUNWvts/bin/sunvts /dev/sda /dev/cdrom iso9660 /dev/rst0 /dev/nrst0 /dev/fd0 /dev/c#t#d0s2 /dev/dsk/c#t6d0s2 hsfs { c 9 0} /dev/rmt/0 { c 9 128 } /dev/rmt/0n /dev/diskette /dev/rz0c /dev/rz3c cdfs /dev/rmt0 /dev/nrmt0 /dev/fd0c psrinfo -v

Diagnostics Whole Disk CDROM CDROM file type Rewinding tape drive Non-rewinding tape drive Floppy drive

diag /dev/hdisk# /dev/cd0 cdrfs /dev/rmt0 /dev/rmt0.1 /dev/rfd0

pciconf -l /dev/ad0s1c /dev/acd0c cd9660 /dev/rwt0d /dev/nrwt0d /dev/fd0

stm /dev/dsk/c#t#d0 /dev/dsk/c#t2d0 cdfs /dev/rmt/0m /dev/rmt/0mn -

Links
FAQ AIX-FAQ

AIX
FreeBSD FAQ

FreeBSD
HP-UX FAQ

HP-UX
LINUX FAQ

LINUX(RedHat)

SOLARIS
Solaris 2 FAQ Tru64 FAQ

Tru64

Online Manual Technical Support Phone Number Free Software Certification

AIX 4.3 Books RS/6000 TechSupport 1-800-CALL-AIX Bull www.ibm.com

FreeBSD Hand Book

HP-UX 11.00 Collection IT Resource Center 1-800-633-3600

Linux Documentation Project Red Hat support 1-888-REDHAT1 Linux Software Map RHCE

Solaris 7 Documentation SunSolve 1-800-USA-4SUN

Tru64 Documents Alpha Systems Support

Tru64 Demos, Shareware &

FreeBSD P ri ma r y Site

HP-UX Ports education.hp.com

Sun Freeware suned.sun.com ASE Information