Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Hussein Mounib
December 09
Agenda
1. Why LTE 2. LTE requirement & characteristics 3. LTE Architecture 3.1.1 eNode-B 3.1.2 RRH 3.2 ePC 4. Conclusion
Why LTE?
Evolution of WCDMA/HSPA
3GPP Release 8
UMTS Evolutions
R8 3GPP
R7 GPP 3
PR 3GP
5 PP R 3G
6
3GPP R7 HSPA + Up to 43 Mbps (DL) Up to 11.5 Mbps (UL)
3GPP R8 LTE (Long Term Evolution) Up to 173 Mbps (DL) Up to 86 Mbps (UL) in 20MHz Based on OFDM and MIMO
3GPP R5 HSDPA Up to 14.4 Mbps (DL) Based on AMC (QPSK & 16QAM), MAC-hs, H-ARQ
3GPP R6 HSDPA/HSUPA Up to 14.4 Mbps (DL) Up to 5.76 Mbps (DL) HSUPA aka E-DCH
A major expansion in traffic volumes over cellular networks will take place as: The use of mobile Web expands, Data prices decline, Usability improves.
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Why LTE? Enhance performances of 3G HSPA services Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) Enables multiple users to receive data over the same radio resource Efficient approach to deliver content such as Mobile TV Higher capacity in LTE VoIP Better capacity expected with LTE
Why LTE? Reduce cost per subscriber Reduce Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) TCO = CAPEX(Capital expenditure) + OPEX (Operating expense) Reduce cost per byte
By factor 6 compared to HSPA Due to network simplification, flat IP architecture and enhanced capacity/spectrum efficiency
NB: The CAPEX and OPEX breakdown varies a great deal depending on Network / country, accounting rules (depreciation)
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Mobility
LTE is optimized for low speeds 0-15km/h, high performance for speeds up to 120km/h, and mobility maintained for speeds up to 350km/h
Efficient support of the various types of services Co-existence and Inter-working with 3GPP RAT
Handover between 3G & LTE:
Real-Time services < 300ms Non- Real Time services < 500ms
Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) with up to 4 antennas per station High Order Modulations:
Downlink: QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM Uplink: QPSK, 16QAM
Based on OFDMA + MIMO Based on OFDMA + MIMO as other next generation mobile as other next generation mobile networks (WiMAX, UMB) networks (WiMAX, UMB)
Scalable bandwidth: 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15 or 20MHz in FDD mode FDD an TDD modes
LTE + SAE System Architecture Evolution (SAE) Enhanced Packet System (EPS) Network simplification
3 functional entities :
eNode B, Serving and PDN Gateways (can be combined into a single physical entity)
C-plane
Network Simplification
U-plane C-plane U-plane
IP-based network
Pure packet system No support for legacy CS voice/data VoIP
eNode B MME X2 IP transport backbone eNode B S1 S/P GW
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eNode B
Application servers
Service IP backbone
LTE
HSPA (3.75G)
W-CDMA
HSPA+ (3.75G)
W-CDMA
LTE
OFDMA DL SC-FDMA UL Scalable from 1.4 MHz to20MHz QPSK/16QAM/64QAM QPSK/16QAM 2x2 - 4X4 MIMO
Network Structure
Node B + RNC
eNode B to ePC
Services Transport
PS Only All IP
LTE vs UMTS/HSPA
<10ms
326.4 Mbps (MIMO 4x4) 172.8 Mbps (MIMO 2x2) 100 Mbps (no MIMO) 43 Mbps (64 QAM+ MIMO 2x2) 28.8 Mbps (16QAM+ MIMO 2x2) 21.6 Mbps (no MIMO) 14.4 Mbps 384 kbps
30ms
11.5 Mbps
60ms 120ms
Latency
UL Peak Throughputs
DL Peak Throughputs
LTE Spectrum Vision LTE FDD deployable in any of the 3GPP bands (and more)
900 MHz (GSM)- Europe 2100 MHz (UMTS) - Asia Initially for Japan, Korea, and maybe Europe Operators are looking to migrate GSM 900MHz to LTE for rural scenarios (coupled with 2.6 GHz for urban) 1800 MHz (GSM)- Europe & Asia Pacific Band not widely used, may see some re-farming, as for 900 MHz
Trials (07-08)
2100 MHz AWS
2009
2100MHz Japan/EU 1700/2100 NAR 700MHz NAR
2009 - 2010
25002690 MHz World 900MHz Europe 1800MHz Europe & APAC
2011
1900MHz NAR 850MHz NAR
2012
470-854MHz Europe (Digital Dividend) 450 MHz - Europe
1700/2100 MHz (AWS) Americas much interest in this band (1700 also for Japan) 700 MHz Americas Digital Dividend already decided
2500-2690 MHz (IMT 2000) Worldwide Likely the only band with 20 MHz of spectrum available for LTE Likely to be popular for worldwide roaming / device availability
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470-854 MHz (Digital Dividend) - Mainly Europe In competition with TV broadcasters and other technologies, due to larger cell sizes and better inbuilding coverage.
LTE 900MHz
GSM
UMTS
Free 900 MHz needs for 1800 MHz contiguous coverage, but will provide favorable range Free 1800 MHz more adapted to hot spots capacity driven scenario
Smooth LTE introduction in existing band, pre-empting a narrow BW in GSM, 5 MHz carrier in UMTS
LTE Architecture
BTS BTS
Abis
BSC BSC
Gb
User plane
UTRAN
Gr or S6d
NB NB
Iub
S6a
HSS HSS
R8 Interfaces
S12 S4
MME MME
S10 S11
Rx
PCRF PCRF
Application Function
Uu
S1-MME
e-PC
S5/S8
Gx
S1-U Uu
SGi
eNB eNB
SGW SGW
Anchor for 3GPP mobility
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PGW PGW
E-UTRAN
3.1
EnodeB
9326 d2U-V2
LTE-Uu UE eNB S1U X2C X2U LTE-Uu X2C X2U S1-MME S1-MME S1-MME
MME
S1U
eNB
UE
AP AP
EnodeB portfolio
Main functions: The xCCM-U aggregates the following functions: Core Controller (CCM) function: part of call processing data switching and routing OAM management EnodeB frequency and timing reference Global Positioning System and Alarm (GPSAM) function: external/internal alarm connectivity external synchronization reference interface
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Main functions: The xCEM-U performs digital signal processing for both the Tx and Rx paths. The xCEM-U processes all types of LTE physical channel in both the uplink and downlink directions. Processing differs according to the type of physical channels. High-rate data channels require much more processing power than low-rate speech channels. The architecture of the xCEM-U is well adapted to LTE physical channel diversity. The xCEM-U hardware supports one frequency and one cell in LA1.1 (extended in Further releases). The xCEM-U performs part of call processing.
Main functions: The RUC module (front and back) provides the following functions: power filtering current limitation commissioning non volatile memories inventory fan alarms, control and power supply -48 VDC connectivity The back RUC is designed to allow the power supply of the following modules: up to three xCEM-U(s) (through the RBP) one xCCM-U (through the RBP) two fans one RBP
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3.1.2
RRH/TRDU
Cabinet front-view
Product capabilities The product capabilities in this release are: Outdoor, -48VDC Transmit Power 2Tx at 40W each 1 or 2 sector Daisy chaining of up to three RRHs. Supports up to six user alarms for each RRH Support at least 2 LTE carriers at 20 MHz bandwidth RRH Mounting: pole wall floor stand Front access installation and service Bottom I/O panel access
3.2
ePC
BTS BTS
Abis
BSC BSC
Gb
User plane
UTRAN
Gr or S6d
NB NB
Iub
S6a
HSS HSS
R8 Interfaces
S12 S4
MME MME
S10 S11
Rx
PCRF PCRF
Application Function
Uu
S1-MME
e-PC
S5/S8
Gx
S1-U Uu
SGi
eNB eNB
SGW SGW
Anchor for 3GPP mobility
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PGW PGW
E-UTRAN
ePC Wiring
Conclusion
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