Acariya Mun A Spiritual Biography-Sinhala

N+o;; uyd f;rekaf.
fuu mqia;lh Ouodkh msKsihs'

fkdf,a fnod yeug muKs'
w;s W;a;u wdpdh
uka N+o;; uyd f;rekaf.a

wdOHd;al p;dmodkh
wdpdh uyd nQjd [dK imfkkd

yshka isks'
;dhs NdIdfjka bx.S%ishg mj;kh
NsCLq la iS,r;k yshka

iska
bx.S%is NdIdfjka isxy,g mj;kh
wdpdhH_ NsCLqkS l=iqud isks'
jmd ndka gd ys
jk jdiS ys'
fuu mqia;lh fkd,fha fnod yeug muKs

Ouodkh msKsihs'
Copyright 2005
by Venerale Acarya Maha Boowa Nyanasampanno
All commercial rights reserved
This book is a free gift of Dhamma and may not be
offered for sale; for as the Venerable Acarya Maha
Boowa Nyanasampanno has said, ''Dhamma has a value
beyond all wealth and should not be sold like goods in
a market place"
Commercial reproduction of this book, in whole or in
part or in any form, or by any mechanical or electronic
means, is prohibited. Permission to reproduce in whole
or in part, by any means, for free distribution as a gift
of Dhamma, however, is hereby granted, and no further
permission need be obtained.
Inquiries may be addressed to:
Forest Dhamma Books
Bann Taad forest Monastery
Banin Taad, Ampher Meung
Udorn Thai 41000
Thailand.
email: fdbooks@gmail.com
www.forest dhammabooks.com
ISBN 974-92007-4-8
U.D. Copyright office registration number TX5 - 864-808
Third Printing January 2005
Printed in Thailand by Silpa Siam Pakaging & Printing
Co., Ltd. Tel: (662) 444 3351-9
Official Maha Boowa Website: www.luangta.com/english
mgqk

mj;lf.a yekau
l;_Djrhd yekau
i-xiii
xiv
1' uQ,sl wjh

wkdjelsh
ix{dj
wdpdhH_ id lkagiSf,d
ild .,a.=ydj
wy;a Y%djlhkajykafia,d
2-4
4-10
10-15
15-26
26-32
2' uOHu wjh

OQ;dx. mqyqKqj
wj;dr ms<sn| NsCIqjlf.a NS;sh
.no is;a iy weoys,s
Ialr;d iy wirKu
l%udkql+, b.ekau
fjkial we;af;a is;=,sj,
<s| iEf isoah
ish mj,ska k W;= ukqIHfhla
41-47
48-56
56-64
64-71
71-78
78-81
81-90
90-99
3' yojf;a uqla;sh

wdOHd;al iyldh
b;d W;= w.h lsu
114-120
121-126
4' hdx udhs ys jev is ld,h

u,a,j fmdr Y+rhd

fjia j,d.;a fld
m%n, cd
f,dl= whshd jQ we;a rcd
ms b;s .sh fh!jkh
lufha .=ma; mdl
id .skafkka fmf<k fma%;fhda
W.% fpkd;aul kd.hd
ry;=kaf.a mksjdKh
Odl hqoaO Nghd
139-143
144-156
156-161
162-166
167-173
173-179
179-187
188-195
195-199
199-212
5' widudkH m%Yak" nqoau;a ms<s;=re

mmQK wd;au Yajdih

by; wd;au
215-222
222-232
6' wjidk ld,h

W!rka iu. iyjdih

r mreI yslau l%u
Ouh ;=,ska frda. ls;aidj
fld b;d fyd| .=rejre fj;s
Wkajykafiaf.a wjidk frda.h
wdodykh
242-256
252-262
262-270
270-280
280-293
294-299
7' odhdoh The Legacy

Od;= mj;kh
wksl=;a m%d;sydhH_
wdpdhH_ fpd f.a ksNS; ls%hd
wjidkh
306-312
312-323
323-331
331-340
Wm.%ka:h 1
341-343
Wm.%ka:h 2
344-348
About the translations
349-349
w;smQckSh wdpdhH_ uka N+o;; f;reka
wdpdhH_ ukaf.a wdodykfhka miq fYaI jQ weg len,s l,a hdf m<s`.=
leg jeks kso fmfkk kd kd jKj;a mdrNdil ^mdr jKl&
Od;=j,g mj;kh h'
mj;lhdf.a yekau
kk ;dhs nq oyf w;s fY%aIaG mqoa.,hd f,i mQcKSh wdpdhH_ uka
N+o;; ys m%isoaO we;' Wka jykafiaf.a ; ld,fha oi w; me;s
.sh .=K iuqodh jQfha m%Odk jYfhka Wka jykafia ;=< mej;s widudkH
ffOhH_h" ;mi iy ;u wkq.dlhska fj; lajQ m%n, kh .rel Ndjh
f' mksfuka ka jI 50la muK blau we;;a fn!oaO ck;djf.a
f.!rjKSh ms<s.ekSf YsIag;ajhla we;' tk nqrcdKka jykafiaf.
a wdhH_ mfhaIKh ;=<ska ; mkduh jQ wmQj isoah uqkajykafiaf.a
; mkdufha o l .; yels njh'
wdpdhH_ uka NslaIqkajykafiaf.a ; p;h ,sh fkd;snqK kuq;a
Wkajykafiaf.a <`.ska weiqre l< Y%djlhka jykafia,df.a tu p;h
ms<sn| pu;aldr isoaka w,,d Wkajykafiaf.a mksfuka wjqre 20lg
miq fuu .%ka:h imdokh l<y' fuu .%ka:fha iqfYaI ckms%h;djh
ksid ;dhs fn!oaOhka ;=< nqrcdKka jykafia foiQ Oufha i;H;djh yd
ksjdKdjfndaOh lsf yelshdj wo k;a we;s nj ;yjqre we;' wjq'
2500lg m%:u oi oyia ixLHd; ry;=kajykafia,d is nj;a zzu.. M,ZZ
,nd .ekSf Nd.Hh wog;a j,x.= nj;a ;dhs fn!oaOfhda ms<.
s ks;'s wdpdhH_
uka f.a ksjka wjfndaOh ms<sn| l:d mqj; fuu .%ka:fha wvx.= we;'
th b;sydi m%jD;a;shla fyda h,S .sh woDYHudk i;Hhla fkdf' th
wm w;g m;a judk odhdohls' i;H f;dr;=rls' ma;su;a wdf,dalhls'
W;= ksjdK wjfndaOh msKsi hfula fjr jvd k Tyqg th ,nd .;
yels nj Tmamq we;' nq ifjda jr Od wdrdl ; .; lrk nqoaO
Ou ix> ixfla;hla muKla fkdj iuyr nq ifjda nq oyu wjfndaO
l< i W;=uka nj fuu mqia;lfhka ukdj meye,s f'
wdOHd;al iqjh ,nd .ekSf w;s W;= f;kdj idlaId;a lr
.ekSug k wod< ms<sfj;a wkq.ukh l< hq;=h' nqrcdKka jykafia
foiQ uOHu m%;smodj wkq.ukh l< hq;=h' w;a;,u:dkqfhda.h fyj;a
Yrhg la u nq rcdKka jykafia m%;sfCIam l< kuq;a iqfYaI
;jqia ;hg wod< OQ;dx. msu ksid iud jdhdu imsfrk nj j|d<
fial' uOHu m%;smodj hkq iem myiq ,eug la u`. yeula fkdj" th
ukfia yg .kakd flf<ia fyd|dldr uokh lrka ish ndOl uev
mj;ajka ;u b,lalh lrd f.k hk id:l m%;smodjls' wdOHd;al
hqKqj W;aidyhlska wkka; ndOl ysyer uOHfha is l< hq;=h'

ulaksido h;a ;u wOHd;al n,f." mqre ;=<ska flf<iqka Woa.;
;udgu wNsfhda.hla jk neks' tneka wdOHd;al igk f.k hk
Nghd ;=< udkisl yd Ydl Yla;sh ;sh hq;=h' ue,slu" ;Kaydj"
udkh" W~`.=lu wdh n,j;a ndOl fj;s' fujeks ishq flf<ia uokh
lsug OQ;dx. /lSu b;d wjYH nj nqrcdKka jykafia foiQ fial' tu
;jqiao ;=<ska NsCIqjlf.a ffoksl ;h b;du ir," ksy;udkS" wd;au
ixhuhlska f,i b;d ;SCIK f,i ksCIKh l< hq;= nj meye,s f'
OQ;dx. /lSf f wjYH;djh imsf' tneka OQ;dx. rlsk NsCIqj
nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a fYaI f.!rjhg md;%h'
fufia fn!oaO NsCIqjla .sysf.h yer oud isjqre mslr orka ms~q
is`.d hka wdrKHjdih ms%h lrhs' fn!oaO NsCIqjlf.a kshu iajrEmh
OQ;dx. NsCIqj ;=<ska ms<sUq f'
fujeks Ialr jk rgdjla wkq.ukh lrka Ndjkdfhda.Sj jdih
lrk NsCIqj zzOQ;dx. luia:dkZZ rlskf
a klehs yekaf' fuu m%;m
s ;a;h
s
;=<k
s a f,daN" oafY" fudayh ksid yg .kakd ish
q flf<ia mjd Wrd h
yelsf' tfyhska iir meje;au is hhs' luia:dk hkq Ndjkd hqKq
lsuhs' OQ;dx. hkq tu Ndjkdjg wjYH Ialr m%;sm;a;s f' f fol
tlsfklg Wmldrl Ouhkah' kh kS;s /lSu ksrdhdifhkau isjk
neka fn!oaO NsCIqjlf.a m%;sm;a;s /lSf m%n, w;d,ula f,i OQ;dx.
ls%hd;aul f'
wdpdhH_ ukaf.a WmfoaYk f ;dmi ;h ;=< .e we;' me
;h wdrNfha isg wjidkh olajd Wkajykafia wkq.ukh l< rECI
m%;sm;a;s ;u f.da, nd,hskag muKla fkdj uq ksia ixy;shgu lu
wdoYhls' ;dhs,ka;h ;=< OQ;dx. luia:dk m%;smodj kej; f,dalhdg
yekajQ uyd mqreIfhla f,i Wkajykafia ms<f
s .k we;' Wkajykafia wkq.
ukh l< f OQ;dx. mQrKh wo olajd ;dhs,ka;fha fYaI f.!rjhlg
md;%fjka mj;S'
Wkajykafia ;=< w.% .Kfha .=rejrfhl=f.a iyc yelshdjla ;snqKs' Wkajykafiaf.a WmfoaYkh ,enQ fndfyda NsCIqkajykafia,d W;a;;r
ukqIH Ou mQK lrka ;ukq;a f,dalh ms<s.;a wdpdH_hjreka f,i
fkdfhla rgj, olakg ,ef' th ;=<ska OQ;dx. luia:dk mqyqKqj
f,dalfha m%p,s; fjka mj;S' Wkajykafiaf.a w;s W;= m%;smodj ;h
ii
wjidk ld,fha fndfyda whf.a ms<s.ekSug m;a h' th Wkajykafiaf.a

msksfuka miq ;j ;j;a ldYkh wo uq ;dhs,ka;hu Wkajykafia
zzcd;sl jia;=jlaZZ f,i ms<s.ks;s' isfjks Y; jIfha j;a jQ wdh
ix> r;akhla f,i f,dj mqrd ms<s.ks;s'
iir la fl<jr lsf woyiska Wkajykafia ffkIal%uH .=Kh
msrEy' md .ukska .ka .ug yqol,dj hka l uqka le,E wd ksy~
mirh fidhka Njkd ukisldrh mQK l<y' uq ;hu t<suyfka
w jeis iS; WIaK" ueis ure mirfha f. .sfhah' ta ksid mirfha
iqkaor;ajh fndfyda w.h l<y' l fy,a jk fm;a .x.d .s .=yd
Wkajykafiaf.a ms%h;u mirhkah' fld" j,ia wd f,dl= l=vd jk
i;=kaf.ka mirh .yK h' ksia ckdjdi wE;ska msysfhah' Wkajykafia msKavmd;fhka j;a jQ neka b;d mam;a .ehkaf.a Nla;s wdorhg
md;% h'
b;d Ialr fmfj;la jqjo wdrKHjdiS NsCIqjlg tu mirh
iqjodhl ksfjia h' mdie, h' w;alS ,nk mqyqKq uOHia:dkh h'
nq oyu kshu wdldrhgu ms<m
s k g th ;u wdrlaIdj h' ;dhs,ka;fha
fkdhqKq .no le,E mirh 20 fjks Y; jIfha jqjo b;d merKs
YsIagdpdrhls' th nqoaO ld,Sk wjqre 2500lg m%:u ;snQ ksia ;h
ms<sUq lrkakls'
wdpdhH_ uka f.a fuu jk .ukg miqu jQ im%odhsl mirh
.ek k .ekSu iqiqh' 19-20 fjks ishjfia ;dhs,ka;fha m%dka; m%foaY
w.kqjfr mej;s wdKavq n,hg hg;a fkdh' Bg fya;=j Yd, >k
le,Ej,ska .yk jQ ksid;a ;dr mdrj,a fkdue;s neka .ukd.uk Ialr;d
ksid;ah' 80]la muK ;dhs,ka;h fujeks j,ays jQ ksia jdihla fkdjQ
Yd, >k jkdka;rhkah' b;d iq jYfhka j;a jQ wd ksid fuka
fuys m%dka;hkays .jdiSkajk i;ajhska >d;kh lrka iQ jeoaokaf.a
iajrEmh h' b;d iq f.dm,j,a ;snqKs' wl h f.k fok w,s fld
wdkaf.ka h mefKk neka Tjqyq l=vd ckdjdi j,g iSud jQy' tl
.ul isg wks;a lsgqu .ug hdug uy jkdka;rh ;=< w mdrj,a Tiafia
uq ojila .uka l< hq;= h'
fuu wvfha iq ksid iajNdj Ouhg wkqj ;u .;s mej;=
mj;ajd .ekSf im%odhlg yev .eiS ishy' wukqIH jdihg jvd
fhda.Hu ksid w,s fld j,ia wd Nhdkl i;a;ajhska muKla fkdj
Nhdkl hCI N+; wdkaf.ka o .yK hs' Yd, fnka.d, fldkaf.a
iii
ksc N+h h' tys jdih l< ksiqkag muKla fkdj jkjdiS NsCIQkag o
fuu mirh tlfia h t,jkakla h'
tfia fyhska fuu Nhdkl jkdka;rfha yqol,d .uka lsu hkq uy;a
wdYaphH_hls' fujeks mirhl wdpdhH_ uka iy OQ;dx. NsCIQyq ieirEy'
Wkajykafia,dg ;snQ tlu wdhqOh ;u Ndjkd n,h muKs' fujeks jkdka;r
l fy,a tu NsCIQkag ;u wOHd;auhg ls|d nei flf<iaj, ;;a;ajh
jgyd .ekSug lu mqyqKq uOHia:dkhla h' ;udf.a ke.S tk flf,ia
iu`. W.% igkl fhug ish'
wdpdhH_ uka nqrcdKkajykafiaf.a Ouhg wkqj W.% ;mia rlska
j;a jQ wdldr" weiQ gqjka u; lrka Wkajykafiaf.a wdhH_ i`. .=K
oyd olajhs' wdhH_ ix>hdf.a w;S; m%jD;a;s wm merKs Ou .%ka:hkaf.
ka lshjd u; fjuq' ta yd iudk wdpdhH_ ukaf.a ; l:dj uq, isg w.
olajd pu;aldrh' nq oyug wkqj ;u flf<ia re lsug .;a m%h;akh
ksidg l< yels nj Tmamq lsuls' tfia fyhska 2500 wjqre merKs f
nq oyu ;=<ska ksid.a ish la kid ksjka wjfndao lsug wo;a yels
nj ms<s.; hq;=h'
tneka f ; l:dj ,shkafka wdpdhH_ ukaf.a ; l:dj muKla
fkdj ksjka ud.h fidhka hk mskaj;=kag Yd, wdNdIhla we;s lsug
.;a ls%hd ud.hla f,ih' tneka ish wvx.= lreKq imQK f;dr;=re
fkdjk nj ms<s.; hq;=h' fuu mqia;lh ;dhs NdIdfjka ,shQ f,aLlhdf.a
wruqK ksjer m%jD;a;s iemhSug jvd ;ud w;agq i;Hhka m%ldY lsuh'
fuys wvx.= lreKq iuHla ixl,amkdjg md;% fjdhs fuu ms<sfj;a ud.
h wdoYhla fjd
wdpdhH_ ukaf.a b.eka l%u iqfYaI nj fuu .%k:
a fhka meye,s
f' Wkajkafiag wukqIHhka iu`. inkaO woyia yqjudre lsug
olaI;djhla ;snqKs' ksrka;rfhku fojre n%dyauKhka muKla fkdj
kd." hlaI" fma%; wd fkdfhla wukqIHhka iu`. o wmdh ;si;=ka iu`.
o l:d ny l< nj mfka' Wkajykafiag nn plLqj iy nn fida;h
we;s nj bka meye,sh'
oHd ;dCIKfha ms<s.;a isoaOdka; j,g jvd hqKq ukilska ,eh
yels kqu b;d fjkia f' fkdfhla ;rd;srf fojre we;s nj;a ta wh
b;d ish
q ;SCIK bJshka myrKh lrk nj;a fuu l:d mqj;a wkqidrfhka fmfka' ksidf.a m%lD;s bJshkag Ih fkdjQ wmg fkdfmfkk f,dal
iv
wkka; wm%udK we;s nj is;sh yelsh' tajd fN!;sl ugfuka ksrdjrKh

fkdf' fufia w;sJsh Yla;Ska ksid iuq;s i;Hh wNsnjd mrud: i;H
wjfndaO lsu myiq f'
fujeks wudkqIsl Yla;Ska Wmfhda.S fldg wdpdhH_ uka nq oyu
foaYkd lsug uy;a wdhdihla .;a fial' wukqIHhkaf.ka .yK jQ
tu mirh ;=< Wkajykafiaf.a Ouh Y%jKh l< ud.h mqyqKq l<
NsCIQkajykafia,dg iy ksiqkag jvd wukqIHfhda jQy'
wdpdhH_ uka fujeks wdYapHu;a isoaka yekajQfha zzyojf;a .=ma;
n,hZZ hkqfjks' wms j;ajk mirh wmg ksielj wjfndaO jkakdla fuka
wmg fkdfmfkk kuq;a" tu f,dal jdiSkag wmg fukau Tjqkaf.a mirh
i;Hhls' ;dhs NdIdfjka zzyoj;ZZ zzukiZZ tlu woyila we;s mo jqjo
zzyoj;ZZ hkq ukig jvd ixlSK fokd - i[a[d - ixLdr ;=<ska ye`.
S we;s lrjk ;;a;ajhls' yoj; hkq ish kaf.a Wiiau bJsh f'
tneka Ouh wjfndaO lsug we;sjk yojf;a wr.,h Wkajykafia
fmkajd fohs'
uki fyj;a ;a;h hk jpkh Wkajykafia fhdokafka zzkSuZZ
f.k fok bJsh f,ih' fujeks jpkj,g bx.S%is jpk fiu Ialr
neka md,s jpkh fhdod we;'
l;D - wdpdhH_ uyd nQjd [dK iumfkkd
j;udk ;dhs fn!oaOhka w;r .re wdpdhH_ uyd nQjd [dKi-
umfkkd yshka fYa%IaG ia:dkhla orhs' Wkajykafiaf.a foaYkd jkaf.a
ffY,Sh iy woa;Sh mqyqKqj ksid iEu ;rd;srfu mqoa.,hkaf.a f.!rj

iNdjkdjg m;a we;' Wkajykafiaf.a .;s mej;= yd ksy;udkSNdjh
ksid wdpdhH_ ukaf.a ; m%jD;a;sh" f,dalhdg ykajdug b;du iqiq
ys kuls' Wkajykafia wpdhH_ ukaf.a fY%aIaG;u YsIHfhls' OQ;dx. /lSu
ms<sn| idm%odhsl kqu yd kh .rel Ndjh YsIagh' ,N .Kfha
;miajrfhls' Wkajykafiaf.a iyc olaI;djh ksid wdpdhH_ ukaf.a
;;a;ajh .ekSug b;du iqiq h'
W;=re kef.kysr m%foaYfha Wfka ;dys .f 1913 Wm; ,;a wdpdhH_ uyd nQjd uyK Wmim%odj ,enQf 1934 h' uq,a wjqre 7 fn!oaO
ksldh .%ka: bf.k md<s NdIdj yodrd Wmdhla ,oy' bkamiq zzuydZZ hk
f.!rj kduh ,enqKs' Wkajykafia fndfyda ld,hla wdpdhH_ uka fidhka
OQ;dx. NsCIqjla jYfhka ixpdrh lf<ah' wjidkfha 1942 wdpdhH_
uka uqK.eiqks' bkamiq Wkajykafiaf.a YsIHfhl= Ou lreKq yodrka
1949fha wdpdhH_ ukaf.a wmj;au olajd <`.ska isfhah'
wdpdhH_ ukaf.a wmj;afuka miq b;d f,i OQ;dx. luia:dk
mrmqr ia:djr lsug uy;afia jer rEy' tfyhska wpdhH_ ukaf.a ms<f
s j;a
ud.h wl=rgu ms<smk ,' ;jo th wkd.; mrmrdjg ykajdug
.;a m%h;akfha m%;sM,h jQfha f jk m%jD;a;sh ,suh'
1960 jk g jkdka;r fndfyda fihska lmd ksia ckdjdi njg
m;au ksid jkjdiS OQ;dx. NsCIqkag ;u YsCIKh ta wdldrfhka f.k
hEug fkdyels h' >k jkdka;rfha ixpdrh lsug fkdfhla ndOl
meKsfhah' tneka wdpdhH_ uyd nQjd iar mxhg iqiq le,E mir
j, OQ;dx. NsCIQkag wdrKH fikiqka b lf<ah' tys ,laIKh jQfha W.%
;jqia ;h yd kh .rel nj;a Ndjkd n,h;ah' fndfyda jkjdiS
NsCIQka fuu wdrdKj, Ndjkd l<y' j md ndka gd k jQ wdrKH
fiakdikh ksrdhdifhkau ys lf<a tys meKs fhda.Ska iskauh' Wfoka
;dys k m%foaYfha msys fuu fiakdikh ngysr fhda.Skag mjd iqiq h'
Bg fya;=j Wiia wdpdhH_jrfhl=f.a u`. fmkau ,nk fyhsks' tys jdih
l< kd kd cd;sl NsCIQka jykafia,d fuu ms<sfj;a ud.h wkq.ukh
lr ;u ;ukaf.a rgj, jHdma; l<y' wo uq f,dalfhau fuu jk.;
fiakdik ys we;'
wo olajd;a fndfyda fokdf.a f.!rj iudk ,nka wdpdhH_ ukaf.a
ms<sfj;a ud.h wkq.ukh lrka wdpdhH_ uyd nQjd Yd, fiajhla NsCIQkag iy .sys fhda.Skag bgq lr;a' fuu ms<sfj;a ud.fha uqLH foaYkdj
viii
m%{dj hqKq lsuhs' th b;du m%dfhda.sl myiq ms<sfj;a ud.hls' Ndjkd

hqKqj ,nd .ekSf fuu ud.h fndfyda whg Wmldr we;'
f,aLl ix{dmkh
wdpdhH_ uka N+o;; f;rekaf.a <`. weiqr ,;a ta ta jljdkqf is
ix
me wdpdhH_jre yd YsIHhka .Kkdjlf.a mfhaIKd;aul ks.uk wkqj

ilia l< fuu mqia;lh Wkajykafiaf.a w;s W;= YsCIKh yd m%;smodj
meye,s lsuls'
f jk m%jD;a;sh f.dkq lsug" uu ta wdpdhH_jre fidhd f.dia
Wkajykafia ms<sn| rE wdl,am u;lfhka ia;r l< l:d mqj;a m.;
lf<' tfy;a fuu lreKq ms<sn| uu iEySlg m;a fkdfj' ulaksidoh;a
tu wdpdhH_jrekag wdphH_ uka f.a fndfyda f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSug Ialr
h' Wkajykafia fndfydag yqol,dj .ka .ug ixpdrfha fhk neks'
tfy;a ta ish mqj;a Wlyd .ekSg k Yd, ld,hla yd Y%uhla .; h
yelsh' tg fuu mqj;a fndfydag wu;l jkafkah' tg f m%h;akh
jqjo ksIaM, f' f ; l:dj uu f.dkq lf<a h ;rulska fyda wdpdhH_
uka ms<sn| kqu ksid fndfyda mdGlhskag fi; ie,fik neks'
wdpdhH_ ukaf.a kqu yd wjfndaOh o ffoksl phd ms<n
s |jo hli
s s m%udKhl ia;rhla fuu .%k:
a h ;=<k
s a Tn fj; mskeug uu W;aidy
or' wE; w;S;fha fn!oaO NsCIQkajykafia,df.a yd ry;kajykafia,df.a
w;s W;= jk phd f ;=<ska Tng meye<s f' Ouh ksis wdldr wkq.
ukh lsu l=ulahs Tng bka jegfya' uf.a ia;r mqj;a h hlska
Wkajykafiag wjuka f k" ta ms<sn| j.lSu orK w;r iudj wh'
tfy;a f lreKq i;H m%jD;a;s f' ta Wkajykafiaf.a jpkfhka widk
.;a neks' fuu mqia;lh .ek ud iEySulg m;a fkdjQjo uqK lsug
tl`. jQfha mdGlhdg jkd w;alS ,ndugh'
xiv
ful, f,dalfha my< jQ w;s W;a;u miaikd Ndjkd .=rejreka
w;=frka w;s fY%aIaG .Kfha .=rejrfhla f,i ;u YsIHhskaf.a m%Yxidjg

,la jQ wdpdhH_ uka N+ o;; f;reka jykafiaf.a weiqrg meKs wh ;=<
Ouh ms<sn| lsisu .eg fyda iel fkdh' ;dhs,ka;fha muKla fkdj
,dia rf yd fkdfhla m%foaYj, wm%udK .sys me YsIHfhda ishy'
Wkajykafiaf.a jk m%jD;a;sh ienkau pu;aldrh' uq,a hq.fha
isg fn!oaO NsCIqjla f,i W.% ;mia rlska wjidk fudfyd; olajd lf<a
tlu m%d;sydhhls' th mqu t,jhs' uyd ueKsla rdYshla tla/ia lsug
jvd fujeks wLKav .=K iuqodhla tla/ia lsu kQ;k hq.fha l< fkdyels
fohls'
tjdf.a jIfha 1870 ckjd 20 fjks n%yiam;skaod fn!oaO mjq,l
fuu <s Wm; ,oy' Wfndaka rp;dks m%dka;fha fLdkah nka lfndx
.f Wm; ,enqf jeuy,a orejd f,ih' mdrml kduh ltkalt
mshdf.a ku Ljx' ujf.a ku cka' mf,a orejka wg fofkls' Wkajykafiaf.a mksjdKfha j;aj isfha fofofkla muKs' Wkajykafia l=vd
isrerlska hq;=j b;du WfoHda.S ukd jegfyk kqjK we;s wfhl= jQy'
meyem;a iq mdg isrerls'
jhi wjq' 15 idufKar m%jDcHdfjka .f mkaif,a iiqka .; jQ
Wkajykafia Ouh yeoEug" jkffmd;a lsug" w;s olaI h' .=rejreka
iy wjfYaI weiqre lrkakkaf.a fYaI f.!rjhg md;% h' lsisfjl=
Wkajykafiag fpdaokd fkdl<y' t;r wysxil h' wjqre follg miq
mshdf.a wirK Ndjh ksid isjr
q e yer hdug ish' tfy;a ;u ldhH_Ndrh
bgqlr kej; meug uy;a Wkkajla we;sh' th Wkajykafia ;=<
jQ wp, Y%oaOdj h' jhi wjq' 22 kej; me ug n,j;a leue;a;la
h' foudmshkaf.ka iuqf.k kej; me h' ta wh t;=udf.a woyi
hlsis kl meu neka reoaO fkdjQy' tneka meug wjYH
mslr imhd kay' 1893 Wfndka rpP:kS k m%dfoaYSh k.rfha msys
j,shma ydrfha kej; iiqka.; jQh'
Wkajykafiaf.a Wmimodf WmdOHdh jQfha .re wdl yshkah'
w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;
wdpdhH_ jQha m%d lD is:d yshkah' wkqYdikdpdh jQfha m%d lD m%cqla WfndkaLqka yshkah' Wkajykafiaf.a me ku N+ o;; h' Wmimodfjka
miq wdpdHh id yshkaf.a j ,shma k miaikd Ndjkd uOHia:
dkfha mx jQy'
wkdjelsh
wdpdHh uka miaikd uOHia:dkfha jdih lrka ksrka;rfhkau
zznqfoOdZZ hk jpkh luia:dkh f,i cm lf<ah' nqoO
a dkqii
a ;sh w;sYhska
ms%h l< neks' tfy;a ;u isf;a iudh we;s fkdh' fuu luia:dkh
ms<sn| iel my< jqjo .gu ? oj,a fuu zznqfoOdZZ jpkh cm lf<ah'
wka;sf hlsis iudhlg m;ah'
tla rd;s%hl fuu isyskh gqfh' Wkajykafia ;u .fuka msg
Yd, le,Ejlg meKs fial' tys >k jkdka;rhl we;s .y fld<
j,ska .ejiS ;snqKs' ud. i<l=Kla ke;' b;d Hhfhka fuu Ialr
m%foaYh miqlr wks;a fl<jrg meKsfhah' tys Yd, l=Uqrls' fmfkk
f;la udkfha fjk lsisjla fkdh' fuu l=Uqr yryd fndfyda r .uka
l<g Yd, zzcd;sZZ k .i m;s; ;snqKs' zzcd;sZZ hkq zzWmam;a;shZZ
i|yd Nd;d jk mhdh mohls'
fndfyda ld,hlg fmr f .i lmd we;' fldgila fmdf<df .s,S
;snqKs' .i rdm;a we;' Wkajykafia f zzcd;sZZ .i f.a weoafoah'
ukiska l,amkd lrk g fuu .i kej; frdamKh fkdjk nj jegyqKs'
th ;u ;h fuks' ;ud kej; kQmk nj;a mYau N; nj;a jegyqK's
;u m%;sm;a;sh .gu f.k .sh g iir l ;rKh l< yelsh' w. uq,
ke;s Yd, l=Uqr ixidrh ixfla;j;a jqKs' f ms<sn| ixl,amkd lrk
g Yd, iq wYajfhla mek mek wjq;a zzcd;sZZ j l| <`. isfhah'
Wkajykafiag f wYajhd msg ke.Sug is;a h' ksrdhdifhka wiqmsg ke.S
uy;a f.fhka .uka .;s' fldfya hkafkao" ulaksid hkafkahs ye`.Sula
ke;' b;d f.fhka f wiq .uka lrhs' l=Uqr yryd hk r m%udKh
wiS;h' fufia hk g ;s%msgl fmd;a ;ekam;a l< ,laIK lek
w,audhla iah' th leghka oYkSh f,i idod ;snqKs' wYajhd
lsis mels,Sula fkdue;sj fuu lekgh bfha kej;S is' wiq mska nei
wdpdHh uka lekgh jD; fldg fmd;a .kag iQodk h' tu CIKfha
wiq w;=reoyka h' f iskafka l=Uqf tyd fl<jf nj ye`.=Ks' wE;
2
uQ,sl wjh
CIs;scfha >k jkdka;r ia' lekgh jD; lsug mgka .;a kuq;a
th fkdyels h' tff,a kskafoka msKs'
f isyk
s h Wkajykafiaf.a wkd.; jHdhdufhka ksjka u. imqrd .;
yels nj zzks;a;ZZls' tneka fkdkj;ajdu zznqfoOdZZ uka;%h cm lf<ah'
;u ffoksl jev lghq;= lf<a fufia Ndjkd lrkah' ;u Wmimodf
mqyqKq jQ OQ;dx. /lSu .gu flKs' isjqre uid .;af;a ;eka ;ekaj,
iS l< fr len,s lmd uQgq lsfuks' odhlhskaf.a jr m%;sfCIam
lf<ah' msKv
a md;fhka j;a h' ksrdydrj isk khkays msKv
a md;fhkao
je<l=Ks' ;u md;%fhka muKla je<fh' klg tla jrla je<fh'
wdrKH fiakdikhl" >k jkdka;rhl jdih lf<ah' ksod .ekSu" Ndjkd
lsu" f l fy,a - jk i;=ka >yK le,Ef h' iuyrg .ia je,
;=re,;d hg ie;mqKs' ke;fyd;a .,a .=ydjl fyda .s .=ydjl ie;mqKs'
;sjrh muKla myrKh lf<ah' fomg isjqr" ;ksmg isjqr" w|kh wd
jYfhks' kdk lvla Nd;d lf<ah'
OQ;dx. 13ka b;s OQ;dx. myiq f,dj, imqrK ,' kuq;a by;
i|yka OQ;dx. 7 fkdlvjd /lSu ksid th ;ukaf. jk phd rgdj
h' fujeks mqyqKqula wo ld,fha olakg ,eu w;s ,Nh'
;udf.a ;fha w:h Wkajykafiag meye<sh' lsi
s g fkdmels,j
;u ms<sfj;a ksis wdldrfha b;d Wkkafjka bgq l<y' tlu wruqK jQfha
iir l ;rKh lsuh' tk ;u isf;a my<jk flf<ia ;rKh lsuh'
Wkajykafiaf.a isf;a ;Kaydj" udk" ke.S isug wjia:dj ke;s wkaoka b;du ksy;udks h' flf,ia ke.S tk iEu wjia:dju i;s ium
c[[fhka uev meje;ah'
fufia ;u iud is; hqKq jQ g zzks;a;ZZ jQ isyskh .ek ;l
pdr lf<ah' uyK Wmimod u hkq f,!lsl .syshkaf.a ugfuka ;u
;a;h uqojdf.k f,dafld;a;r .;shg m;auh' isf;a m%lD;s iajNdjh
lsis ms<sfj,la ke;s >k jkdka;rfha .iaje,a" jk i;=kaf.ka .ejiS.;a
Nhdkl mirh fuks' isf;a h iel l ksrka;rfhka yg .kafka tu
ksidh' f isf;a ugu wr ;eks;,d ysia njla fuka ikaiqka l< hq;=h'
tg tu is; ;=< l" nh wd flf,ia we;s fkdf'
rdclSh iq wYajhd hkq ms<sfj;a msuls' tu wYajhd msg ke.S Nhdkl ixidr ldka;rh ;rKh l< hq;=h' ;s%msgl Ouh lekgh ;=< ie`.
we;' th jD; lsg ;r wOHd;al .=K j.djla fkd;snqKs' oYk
3
ud;%h muKla ,eug fya;= h' fuu Ouh ;=<g ls|d nei wjfndaO
lsug p;=miNsod kqjK ;sh hq;h
= ' hfula ;=< fuu {dKh we;ak ta
W;=ud ;=ka f,dalhgu fY%aIaG jQfjls' Ouh y|drd th wkqkag b.ekaug
Yla;sh ,nhs' fo ksiqkaf.a woa;Sh .=rejrfhls' uyd id.rh jeks
Ouh .,d ta' wyi fuka Ouh ksrdjrKh f'
Wkajykafia Ou mqia;lhkaf.a jkdlu u;= mska gy' ljod
kuq;a p;=miNsod [dK ,nd .ekSu l< hq;= f'ZZ Wkajykafia b;d
ksy;udkS neka zzuu W.kajk Ouh ud.h fmkaula muKZZ hehs ks;r
mejiSh' kuq;a ta foaYkdjg ijka ka whg Wkajykafiaf.a ;SlaIK nqoah
jegfya' ta b;d wdYapHhu;ah' wkqYdiys m%d;sydhH_hls' wo f,dalfha tjeks
foaYkd weiSug W.ygh' tfy;a wo f,dalhg th b;du;a W; f'
ix{dj
wdpdHh uka tla wjia:djl j ,shma Ndjkd uOHia:dkfha iud
Ndjkd lrka isk g is; n,j;a tald.%;djlg m;ajK
q 's tg oYkhla
we;sh' tk uD; Yrhls' th b cia .,ka kj fodka cd
je.sfrka iah' .scq ,sysKsfhda" iqkLfhda fuu l=Kq jQ uia weo lka
yeu ;eku iqrejka ishy' wjidkfha th uia len,s f.dvla h'
fuu oYkh gq g Wkajykafia fkdis;+ wkaoug wmsh
% " wm%ikak ms<l
s ,
= a
iajNdjh ksid .; is; i,s; h'
t;eka mgka wdpdHh uka fuu ix{dj ;u Ndjkd wruqK lr
.;af;ah' wek" ysk" Ndjkd lrk yeu bhfu km;d jev lrk
go" fuu wruqK iah' fufia Ndjkd lrka l,la hk g fuu wruqK
fjkia ljdldr kso fmfkk ;ehla fuka bfha t,an ;snqKs' fuh
foi ;SlaIKj n,d isk g th w;=reoyka fjk fjk wruqKq we;s
h' fuh iEyska fjkia fjka wm%udK wruqKq iah' WodyrK jYfhka
ljdldr ;eh fjkqjg ka b;d Wia l .eghls' wdpdHh uka tys
weka is >k im;a;= odf.k ;shqKq lvqjla wf;a f,, foka we;'
tg Yd, ;dmamhls' tys Yd, fodrgqjls' Wkajykafia th jD; lr
we;=< nefh' tys NsCIqkajykafia,d lSm fofkla Ndjkd lr;s' fuu
;dmamh wi, uyd l nEjuls' tys ;snQ .,a.=ydj ;=< ;dmifhla jdih
lrhs' tys bmg f;d,a,la jeks jdykhla lUhlska t,af,ka ;snqKs'
uQ,sl wjh
Wkajykafia tu jdykhg ke.S fial' iefklska tu lUh we f.dia l

uqkg ke.=Ks' l uqfka k kdl hd;%djls' tys ;=< y;/ia fihls'
t,af,k ,ka;Erefuka tk ma;su;a wdf,dalfhka uq l uqk m%Ndiajr
h' Wkajykafia wdydr je<fh' f wd wfkalO oYk iafjka
;snqKs' tys ksudjla ke;' tu oYk ish,a, wm%udK neka u;l ke;s
nj Wkajykafia mejiQ fial'
;=ka udihla fufia Wkajykafia Ndjkd lrk is fial' iud jQ
.i bka kso fmfkk ljdldr ;eh foi n,ka uYkh lf<ah'
tg fkdfhla wdldr oYk iah' kuq;a fuh kshu ud.h fkdjk nj
Wkajykafiag jegyqKs' fujeks oYk lSu ksid Wkajykaiaf.a mirh
hlre h' wjg mirfha Yo" rEm ms<sn| ;shqKq f,i leue;a;
wlue;a; we;sh' udkisl wiyklg m;ah' ukfia ia:djr Ndjhla
fyda iu;=,s; Ndjhla ke;'
fuu ;shqKq ixf;djh ksid th jer iudhla f,i jegyqKs'
;u Ndjkd ukisldrh ksid ;ukag iduh" m%S;sh" mii ke;af;a wehs @
Ndjkd fkdlrk wfhl=f.a is .sh ukila fuka is; fkdikaiqka h
Bg fya;=j l=ulao @ ndysr rEm foi ne,Su ;u wNHka;rh ne,Su fuka
fkdf' fuh Ndjkd uQ,sl w;d,u foord hduls' n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ
iqjh" i;=g fkd,enqfKa ta ksido @
fufia wjfndaO lr.;a t;=ud ndysr foig wruqKq fkdlr ;u isrer
;=<g nei wruqK lf<ah' bkamiq ;u Ndjkdj ldhdkq miaikdj h'
m%n, i;s iudfhka fufia ;u isrer ysfia isg mdodka;h olajd
o me;af;ka me;a;go we;=<; msgo" iEu wx.hlau kslaIKh lf<ah'
uq, ilauka lrka fuu iud ixl,amkdfjys fhKs' ilauka lsu
fjfyi jQ g yska fufkys lf<ah' ;u is; mqre iu: iudhg hdfuka je<elah' uy;a Hhfhka is; iudfhka uqojd isrer foi ne,Sh'
;a;h f.j;aj isref tla tla fldgila kslaIKh lf<ah' rd;s% kskao
hk ;=re;a fuu ldhdkqmiaikdfjka is fial'
fufia lSm kla miq jQ g Ndjkd mhH_xlfhka isg fuu ldhdkqmiaikdj ;=<ska is; iud.; lsug jEh lf<ah' fuu iudh flfiahs
l=;=y,hla h' ldhdkqmiaikdj fkdlvjd lsu ksid is; fjfyig
m;a ;snqKs' kuq;a b;du blauKska fkdis;+ wkaoug is; iud .; h'
fuh k ksjer ud.h nj jyd jegyqKs' fuu iudh ksid is; lfhka
5
fjka .sfhah' folg mekdla fuks' n,j;a iud i;sh mej;=Ks' is;
wkalsis wruqKq lrd fkd.sfhah' fufia ldhdkqmiaikdj uQ,sl luia:
dkh h'
kamiq ldhdkqmiaikdfjka is; iud.; lsug yelsh' ;=ka
udihla ljdldr ;eh foi wruqKq lr bka we;s jQ udhdld wruqKq
n,ka ld,h wmf;a .sh nj f;areKs' fuu ukisldrh ;=<ska ;u is;
m%lD;su;a h' wjg mirh ksid wiykhg m;a fkdh' f m%jD;a;sh
b;du jeo.;a jkafka .=rejrfhla ke;=j fujeks Ndjkd lsf m%;sM,
wys;lr njla f;are .ekSugh' ka g .=re weiqr wef;d;a ;u ud.
h ksjer lr.; yelsh' wdpdHh uka f.a f w;alSu ldg;a fyd|
ksoYkhls' .=re wdY%hla fkdue;sj Ndjkd lsu ksid m%;sM, mudu
muKla fkdj wys;lr ugo bv we;'
uq,a ld,fha wdpdHh uka f.a ixpdrl ;h fndfyda whg f;are
.; fkdyels h' ta luGdk ;dx. mQrKh .ek fkdo;a neks' fuu
ms<sfj;a wuq;= fohla f,i fndfyda wh is;+y' nq iiqfkao fujeks NsCIQka ke;ehs o iuyre is;+y' fj,a hdfha wE; fl<jr f OQ;dx. rlsk
NsCIqjla gq muKska ksiaiq Yauhg m;a jQy' Nhska ;%ia; ksfjia lrd
j .shy' le,Ef gqfjd;a .ia .==Nhkays ie`. jqky' tneka OQ;dx.
NsCIqjlg fuu kqyqre mirfha lsisfjla uqK fkd.eiqKs' ud.h wid
k .ekSug fyda fkdyels h'
.f .Ekq lu l=vd orejka iu`. <`. md; l uqka j, m<d
fk,Sug" m<;=re tl;= lsug ks;r h;s' iuyre j;=r we,j, ud nd;s'
OQ;dx. NsCIqka lSm kula wE; gqfjd;a zzOu yduqrefjda tkfjdaZZ lshka
lE .id" w; ;snq nvq ndysrdh t;ku u oud" orejka iu`. j;s' ;u
l+v wdh le h;s' le,fha ie`. is;s' f.j,aj,g j;s'
l=vd orejka ujf.a ,dmh wid lE .i;s' w`vka j;s' jeyshka
iu`. ug fkdyelsh Nhska lE .i;s' u le,Ef ie`. we;' orefjda
ta f w; lE .ika j;s' orejd f.k hdug fyda fkdt;s' kslrefka f
isjk foa ksid iskd my< h' f ;Fjh ;rul ne?re ksid OQ;dx.
NsCIQka jykafia,d tu m<d; yer oud .shy' <uhs <`.g hdu fyda l:d
lsu ksid ta whf.a wia:dk h jef' udkisl frda.hla fuka f .Ekq
iy orejka Wkajykafia,d fkdfmkS hk ;=re;a lE .eiQy' miqj uq .f
Woh tla/ia l;sld l<y'
uQ,sl wjh
f isoahg fya;= we;' NsCIQka jykafia,d Ndjkd fhda.Sj .uka

lrK neka l:d lsula fyda iskdiSul ke;' Wkajykafia,d f.a isjqre
;o Uqre meyeh f' fldia md~q j,ska mdg lr we;' f oYkh ;rula
h Wmojkakls'
;jo" l+vdrula jeks Yd, l+vhla lf t,a,df.k we;' wks;a
Wrysfia md;% isjqre or;s' ms<sfj,ska tlu fma,shg we;' th gqjka
u; lrjk oYkhls' .ug wdikak le,Ejl Wkajykafia,d ,e`.=
.ks;s' .f ksiaiq iu`. ys;j;a u yd odk udk ,eug wjYH neks'
.jdiSyq Wkajykafia,df.ka nK weiSug i;=gq jQy' ld,hla .;jk g ta
wh Y%oO
a d Nla;sfhka Wmia:dk l<y' l,ska mej;s h iel my h' fufia
h fndfyda wh OQ;dx. NsCIqkag wdor f.!rj meje;aug fm<UqKs'
.ug yqre mqre jQ g Wkajykafia,d fjk;a m%foaYhlg ixpdrKh lr;s' ksy~ mirhka fidhka hdu Wkajykafia,df.a m%;sm;a;sls'
wdpdHh uka fufia jia ld,h bjr jQ g pdldf .shy' le,Ef l
uqka w;ka md .ukska fjk;a m%foaYlg f.dia fjk ;ekl ,e`.= .ks;a'
odk udk ,eug wi, .udkhla we;' ;dhs,ka;fha W;=re kef.kysr
m%foaYfha fufia ixpdrKh l<y' kfLdka *dfkd" ifldka kdfLdka"
Wfka kdys" fkdx Lhs" f,db" f,dila w m<d;aj, ks;r .uka l<y'
ffldx .`. winv ,dia rg wdikak :d fLla" hkahdfk" wx m%nx
wd m%foaY >k jkdka;rfhka .ejiS ;snqKs' l isLr w;ka Wkajykafia
yqol,dj .uka lf<ah'
fld;ekl ish;a" fudkh f,df jqj;a wdpdhh ukaf.a m%d:
ul wjOdkh tluh' tk wk,ij ;u Ndjkd ms<f
s j;a msuhs' Wkajykafiaf.a ;fha b;du jeo.;a wruqK fuhhs' iajNdjfhkau wdrdu mkai,a
blsug Wkajykafia fkdleue;s h' wdOHd;al .=K hqKq lsug
W;aidy lf<ah' iudch fyda wka NsCIQka iu`. in|;djhlg ms%h ke;'
yqol,d ;hu ms%h l<y' tfia isk g ;snqfKa tlu ldhhls' tk
l blauuhs' n,j;a wjxlNdjh yd W;aidyh Wkajykafiaf.a p;
,CIKhls' ;ukq;a rjgd wkqkq;a /jf .;shla ke;'
Wkajykafia lajQ hh is;Sug mjd fkdyelsh' bjiSf iSudjla
ke;' ;u is;" jpkh" ls%hd ms<sn| wjOdkh iauh cklh' fuu .;s
mej;= ksid iud" m[a[d je .sfhah' lsisu miq neiSula ke;' ldhdkqmiaikdj ykd.;a kfha isg th lsisgl w;a fkdyf<ah' kej;
kej;;a ;u lh foi iQCIu wkaoka m[a[dfjka fokh l<y'

Yrfha yeu fldgilau Wkajykafiaf.a wjOdkhg fhduq h' wjidkfha
uq isreru i;r uyd N+;hkag fnod lSug yelsh'
msKavmd;fha hk go" , w;=.dk go" mlalu fidaok go"
isjr
q e uik" m~q fmdjk go wdydr .kakd go" ke;ak kslug ll=,a la
lsf o wd l= uy;a yeu ldhhlu i;s" m[a[dfjka tu ldhh
bgq lf<ah' fkdksod isk yeu fudfyd;u ;u wjOdkh ;snqKs' kskaog
hk g muKla tu Ndjkdj ,sys,a h' tfy;a msk .i ke.S isg
kej; i;sh meje;ah' kskf
a oka msk g ;ju;a ksu; we;ak ilauka
Ndjkdf fhK' ys|.k Ndjkd lrk g ks lsrd jeu je,elaug
fyka wek g ksu; jqfjd;a blaauKska weoafoah' ksu; fyd|gu
ke;sg muKla yska t<sfjk ;=re Ndjkd l<y'
t<s l f,djlska ms~q msKsi hdug iQodk jqKs' ;=ka isjqr
fyd|dldr ye| fmdrjd md;%h lf t,ajd <`.u msys .udkhg jefhah' b;du ikaiqka Ndjhlska uq msKavmd; pdldju i;sfhka flreKs'
th ilauka Ndjkdjla h' wfhka whg i;sh meje;ah' ndysr wruqKq
ksid isf;a ms,sirNdjhla fkdh' wdrduhg meKs miq tu msKav md;
wdydrh muKla je<h' fjk;a wh ka wdydr fkdms<s.;s' fndfyda
ld,hlg miq jhia.; jQ g mukla odhlhska f.ke;a ms<.
s kajk wdydr
je<fh'
wdydr je<f l=i .skak ksid wdydrj,g ;Kaydj we;s h
yelsh' tneka m%;HfCId lrhs' l=i.skak ksid wNHka;r wmd .sks fuka
l yg .kS' tneka ri ;DIaKdj yg .kS' f wjia:df wdydrfha
ms<sl=,a Ndjh fufkys lf<ah' i;r uyd N+;hkaf.ka iekq wdydr ndysr
f,dalfhka ,e we;' th fu;a;d" lreKd fmrj yeu lgla mdid lSu"
.s,Su wdydr bjr jk ;dla wdjcKd lrhs' tg ;DIaKdj yg .ekSug
fkdyelsh' bkamiq md;%g fidaod" msiod br t<sfha l f,djla f,d
fr ljfha nyd kshu ;ek ;ekam;a lrhs' bkamiq Ndjkd lrkafka i;s"
m[a[dfjka ;u isf;a yg.;a flf<ia uev,Sugh' iuqfo m%{dfjka
flf<ia uq,ska is| ouhs'
tfy;a fuh f,fyis fohla fkdf' wms uy;a Hhfhka flf<ia
kdY lr mqiaid ug jer uQ kuq;a flf<ia wm ms<siaiSug mgka
.kshs' tg flf<ia re lsug .;a Wmdh ud.h w;a ykakg f' ta
uQ,sl wjh
flf<ia uokh lsug .;a ls%hd ud.h Ialr hehs is;k neks' tg
flf<ia wm isf;a rc lrhs' flf<ia j,g ji`. ta wjYH;djh imqrd,hs'
wjdikdjlg fuka f,dalfha iq m%udKhla muKla fu flf<iaj,
ls%hdld;ajh ykd .ks;a' tneka ;=ka f,dalfha ish fokdu mdfya
flf<ia j,g ji`. fj;s' f flf<ia uq,ska Wmqgd f m%;smodj ykd
.kafka iud inq flfkla muKs'
f Ouh fidhd.;a miq nqrcdKka jykafia f,dal i;a;ajhdg
wkqlmdfjka ;u Y%djlhskag b.ekajQ fial' tu Y%djl msi fuu Ouh
wkq.ukh fldg flf<ia re l<y' f W;= ud.fha wjidkh ksjkhs'
f W;= Y%djl ix>hd flf<ia j,ska ioygu fjkah' tu wdHh ix>hdg
f,dalhd f olajd Nla;s wdorfhka kuialdr lr;s'
wdpdHh uka tjeks flf<ia re lsf ud.h wkq.ukh lf<ah'
Wkajykafiaf.a Y%oaOd nqoah jpkhg iSud jQ fohla fkdf' yS,a odkfhka miq ;u ilauka ujg f.dia Ndjkdf fhfoa' bkamiq ysfuka
Ndjkd lrhs' miqj iq flhla .kS' bkamiq kej;;a flf<ia m%ydKh
msKsi" wkka; la fok fuu fl<ia hgm;a l< hq;=h hk woyiska ;u
Ydl Yla;sh fhdoka Ndjkd lrhs' tneka flf<ia j,g ke.S taug
wjldY ke;' iud Ndjkdf fhfoka ka g miaikd lrhs' fufia
fkdkj;ajdu iu: miaikdf fhfkdah' iu: fyda miaikdj wvq je
fkdh' tneka ;u is; b;du ikaiqka h'
tkuq;a Ndjkd hqKqj wvq wjia:djka o h' Bg fya;=j Wmfoia
,nd .ekSug lsisfjla ke;s uhs' k .Kkla hlsis m%Yakhla i|d.
ekSug uykais .;ay' ;udf.a jHdhduh jer jqjfyd;a Bg l< hq;=
m%;sluh l=ulao @ tjeks wjia:d l w;ayeh hq;=h' fyd| .=re weiqr
b;du;a jkafka fujeks wjia:dfh' ke;fyd;a ld,h Y%uh wmf;a hhs'
Wkajykafiag .=re weiqrla fkd,enqk neka miq neiS we;sh'
wdpdhh id lk;iSf,d
uq,a ld,fha ka g Wkajykafia wdpdhh lk;iSf,d iu`.
.uka lf<ah' fyd| wdpdhhjrfhla Wkajykafiag wkq.%yh lajQy' h
.egjl Wmfoia b,a g wdpdHh id fufia lSfh' zzuf.a Ndjkd
w;alS Tn jykafiaf.a w;alS j,g jvd fjkiah' Tn;=udf.a is;
wf.Sh" ksNS;h' ks;ru wkka;hg hhs' tla gl uy;a Hhfhka

wyi Wig hhs' wks;a fudfydf;a fmdf<djg m;s; f' uqyq m;a,g
ls|d nei B<`. fudfydf;a wyfia .uka lrhs' Tnf.a is; foi n,d ish
yelafla ldgo @ Tn jykafiau ta m%Yak j,g i fih uek'ZZ fufia Wka jykafiag Wmfoia ,enqfka ke;' tneka ;ksju i fih'
iuyrg udrdka;sl igklg je m%Yakh ksrdlrKh l<y'
;u .=rejrhd .ek i|yka lf<a zzb;du Ydka; uqKq bkash we;s
flfkls'ZZ ieuf.a m%idoh" Y%oaOdj Wkajykafiag ,enqKs' iud Ndjkdf
fhfok g Yrh fmdf<dfjka by<g hhs' ;ud wyfia mdfjk nj olskakg weia weh g kej; fmdf<dj u; m;s; f' tg ;u ;gu u
je k lSmhla Ks' we;af;kau w 3la muK fmdf<dfjka Wv is' i;s
iudh we;s g my; jegqfKa ke;'
f isoah Wkajykafiag fndfyda oE k .ekSug bjy,a h'
mlaIK meje;ah' h fmd fr lene,a,la jyf,a fmd,a w;=j,
/f|fh' miqj iud.; jQ g by<g weo hk nj ye`.=Ks' tg ;u
is; tl`. lrf.k iudfhkau jyf,a ;snQ foh ;u w; .= lr w;g
.;af;ah' ;ju;a iudfhka ;ud is ;ekg m;ah' fufia ;udg wyiska
hd yels nj iaMqg h' Ndjkd lrk yeu gu th isfkdf' wdpdHh
id uq ; ld,hu fujeks Ndjkd w;alS j,ska is; ikaiqka lr
.;ay' Wkajykafiaf.a w;alS iy p;h wdpdHh ukag jvd yd;amisku
a
fjkia h' Wkajykafiag Nhdkl foa lsug o leue;a;la ke;' tneka
fkdfhla fha woaN+; foa lsug fkdyels h'
wdpdHh id fndfyda ld,hlg fmr mfia nq nj m%d:kd l<
nj wdpdHh ukag lSfh' f ksid fndfyda ld,hla iir ie ieug
isf' tneka f w;aneys ksjka m%;HCI lsug leue;a;ka fkd;snqKs'
miqj fuu wIaGdkh w;ay<y' yels blauKska ksjka wjfndaO lsug
jEh l<y'
fufia Ndjkd lr fkdfnda ld,hlskau Wkajykafia me;+ ud. M,
,enqfh' tfy;a Ouh lshd f yelshdj ke;' th Wkajykafiaf.a uq,a
m%d:kdj ksid h yelsh' mfia nqjre ;uka iuHla ifndah idlaId;a
lrK kuq;a wka whg Ouh foaYkd fkdlr;s' ;jo Wkajykafiaf.a uq,a
wIaGdkh t;r ia:djr fkdjQfyhska bka fjkia ug yelsh'
fndfyda ld,hlg fmr wdpdhh uka tjeks m%d:kdjla l<y' ta nj
10
uQ,sl wjh
Wkajykafia Ndjkd lrK wjia:df k .;af;ah' tk iud inq

ugh' tneka f w;aneys ud.M, ,nd .ekSug ue,sh' OQ;dx.
luia:dk Ndjkdf fhk g fuu m%d:kdj w;ay,y' nqoaO;ajh
,eug l,am .Kkla iir ie ieh hq;h
= ' bmu" u" jHdh" urKhg
fndfyda ld,hla ;siafia m;af' bula fldkla k;sj la kao hq;=h'
tneka t m%d:kdj w;ay< fudfydf;a isg b;d blauKska Ndjkdj
id:l h' Wkajykafia t;r wIaGdkhlska mdr;d imqrd ke;s
neka bka neyerug yelsh'
fndfydag Wkajykafia,d foku W;=re kef.kysr m%foaYfha
pdldf fhky' fofokdf.a p; ,CIK fnfyka fjkia jqjo b;d
iqyo ;%Fjhla ;snK
q 's wdpdhh id jemqr l:d fkdlrhs' .syh
s ka wdY%h
lsug" Ou lshdug ue,sh' l,d;=rhlska .syshkag nK lSf b;du
iq f,djls' Wkajykafiaf.a foaYkd fufia lah yelsh'
zzTn wl=i,a w;ayer l=i,a hqKq lrkak' ksi;a njla ,ef
Nd.Hh Tng we;' th wmf;a oukak tmd' ksi;a nj b;d ,N fohls'
tneka ;sika .; i;=ka fuka yeis fkdj' tfia jqjfyd;a Tn ;sika
.Khg wh;a f' ;sikdg;a jvd #C; f' wmd.; jQ g ;sikqkaf.a
lg jvd je la hs' tneka jer lsfuka fjka fjkak'ZZ
fumuKla foaYkd lr ;uka jykafiaf.a l=hg .sfhah' msi .ek
lsisu ye`.Sula ke;' Wkajykafia l:d lrkafka jpk iaj,amhls' uq
ojilgu jdlH lSmhls' tfy;a meh .Kka Ndjkdf fhfoa' Wkajykafiag f;acdka; .;shla we;' Wkajykafiag iefudaf.u wdorh" f.!rjh
,enqKs' tu ;ekam;a ,CIK foayh lSfuka wdiajdohla ,ef' wdpdhh
uka fuka fndfyda YsIHfhda ishy'
fuu wdpdhhjre fofok b;du;a iqyo ;%hka nj ljqre;a oks;s'
uq,a ld,fha tlgu iQy' uOHu hq.fha fjka jqks' tfy;a wE;a jQfha
ke;' Yd, YsIH mrmrdjla is ksid fjka fjkakg ' YsIHhka wd
g uq,skau wikafka wdpdhh ;=udf.a iqj la ms<sn|jh' fuu YsIHhka
;=<ska fofokd w;r lsgq inkaO we;s l<y' l:d lrk g f fofokd
jykafia,d w;sYhska wks;a wdpdhhjrhdf.a .=K l:kh lr;s' lsisgl
fpk fkdlf<ah'
wdpdHh ukaf.a Ndjkdj l<ska i|yka l<dla fuka b;du iQCIu
h' is; fudfyd;lska Yrfhka bj;a wE; wyfia ixpdrKh lrhs'
11
ke;fyd;a fmdf<dfjys ls|d nei fkdfhla foa wruqKq lrhs' fkdfhla

Yauh ckl oYk ols;a' uq,a ld,fha gq b .sh u< l| iy kso
fmfkk ljh wdh miq ld,fha fkdfmkqK;a iudh;a iu`. is; msgg
.uka lrhs' iuyrg Yrhla wyfia mdfjkjd fka' meh .Kka jH
f,dalj, jH ukar olshs' iuyrg fmdf<dj ;=<g ls|d nei wmdfha
la k ;si;=ka olshs' ;u lu M, wkqj Nhdkl la k i;a;ajhka
l uy;a lreKdj my< f' fjd foi n,ka isk g ld,h .;jk
j.la fkdfka' ta uq,a ld,fha fuu oYk ienE ke;ak isf;a uefjk
uk#l,ams; rEmhs fkdokS' miq ld,hl tajdfha we;a; iajNdjh wjfndaO jqKs' iudh m%{dfjka fudfyd;lg f;dr jQ .h is; iekska mek
hhs'
kla Wkajykafia fufia mejiSh' Yrfha wjhj foi miaikdfjka n,d isk g th kej;S is; Yrfha hlh midre lr fmdf<df
ls|d neiafiah' tg is; kej;;a lh fj; fhduq l< jydu ysia uqkska
m,df.k wyfia Tn fudn yeisfrkafkah' kej; Yrhg we;=,aug
Wkkajla ke;' wudrefjka is; wdmiq Yrhg f.k ldhdkqmiaikdf
fhug isf'
uq,a ld,fha is; b;d blauKska iud.; h' l uqklska jefgkakdla fuks' ke;fyd;a ,s|lg jefgkakdla fuks' i;sfhka iudh
kj;ajd .ekSug fkdyelsh' wudrefjka Wmpdr iudfhys msysfhah'
fndfyda oYk olsk neka fjfyig m;ajqKs' ldhdkqmiaikdf isg lh
miaikd lsug fkdyelsh' i;s m[a[dfjka tu n,j;a iudh k;r
l< fkdyels h'
uq,a ld,fha f ;;a;ajh .ek lsish wjfndaOhla fkd;snqK
neka Ndjkdj jer w;lg hk nj is;=Ks' fuh ;udf.a w;alSula
ksid lsisfjl=g lSug fkdyels h' b;d wmyiqfjka i;s" m[a[d jvd
f ;o iudh fu,a, lsug fkdfhla Wml%u fhh' wka;sf ;udf.
a is; ;ud leu;s wruqKl msysgqjd .ekSug yelsh' tg iud" i;s"
m[a[d tlfia n,j;a jqKs' is; uela m<s`.= fnda,hla fuks' ;ud leu;s
m kd kd wruqKq yeisr h'
wdpdhh uka ksNh n,j;a p;hls' b;du kqjKe;sh' Wkajykafiaf.a m%;sm;a;s lsisfjl=g wkq.ukh l< fkdyelsh' th is;Sug mjd
12
uQ,sl wjh
W.ygh' uf.a u;lfha yehg fuia i|yka lr' zzWkajykafia w;s

W;a;u mqreIfhls' Wkajykafiaf.a is; b;d blaukah' Wkajykafia ;u
is; md,kh lf<a uy;a Hhlsks' oDV yslau Wkajykafiag wdfKsl
h' b;d ;o f,i o b;d uD f,io yslau h' md,kfhka f;dr jQ .i
is; f.fhka .uka lsu ksid uy;a .eg we;sh'
;u is; md,kh lsug n,j;a fjfyia h' Wmfoia ,nd .ekSug
lsif
s jla ke;' wdpdHh uka iuyr g uy;a lmdjg ,lah' ;uka Tj
.,a mj;hl .y .;a;dla fuka is;=Ks' miqld,fha .=rejrfhla ke;sj
Ndjkd lsu kqi
q iq nj ;u YsIHhkag ;rfha lshd isfhah' tfiau Tjqkf
a .a
ish .eg ksrdlrKh l<y' ;uka l YsIHhkag fkdKs'
uyK Wmimod l klskau wdpdHh uka kfLdka *fkd
m%foaYfha OQ;dx. luia:dk Ndjkdf fhKs' fldx .`. yryd f.dia
,dia ys gdfLla l lrfha jdih l<y' fuu >k jkdka;rh Yd,
Nhdkl fldkaf.ka .yKh' .f`.a wks;a bjqf ;dhs fld t;r Nhdkl
ke;' ks;ru mdfya .f ksiqka w,a,df.k NCIKh l<y' t;r Nhxldr jqj;a tys ksjeis hkdufhka we;a mx jQ ksiaiq fldkag h
fkdfj;s' fld ks;r ksiqka urd lEj;a Tjyq .ek Nh fkdjQy' kej;
kej;;a tu jkdka;rfha yeisfr;s' tjeks isoaka iajdNdl hehs ms<s.
ks;s' tfy;a ;dhs ,dia cd;slhska uy;a fia Nhxlr f'
hkd cd;slhska ;=< ;snQ wks;a mqu M,jk mqreoaols' tk" Yd,
fldfhla tlg le,E frdolska mek ;u i.hd urd ouk g Tyq frd
ug m%h;akhla fkdord Tyq t;ku yer oud j" mek h;s' iuyr
g .jeis lSm fofkla le,fha kso;s' tlajru fldfhla mek bka tla
ksfil= w,a,df.k h;s' wksl=;a wh ms mek j;s' bkamiq lef,a fjk
;ekl ksod .ks;s' fujeks foa .ek lsis lkiai,a,la ke;sj fmd <uhs
fuka yeisfr;s' f uyd uD. i;d mek tla ksfil= weof.k .sh kuq;a
;ukag tfia fj;ehs fkdis;d is;s'
fldkag Nh ke;s iuyr hkd cd;sl ksiqka ud l ;sf'
wfma rgg meK uyd >k jkdka;rfha jdii:dk idodf.k Tyq j;a
fj;s' fld iy jk i;=kaf.ka f m%foaYh .yKh' uy lef,a ueo j
lemSug h;a' ? fnda jQ g tysu kso;a' .fuka fndfyda wE;h' lsisu hla
Tjqka ;=< ke;' ;ksju jqj;a lef,a fkdhj ksod .ks;a' ;ksj .uka
hdug uyd rd;s%fha jqjo Nh ke;' tfy fufy le,Ef we;s' zzTjqkaf.
13
a rf fld kS uia lk kuq;a ;dhs rf fld kS uia fkdl;s' Tjqka

ksidg Nh fj;s'ZZ hkq Tjqkaf.a u;hhs' ;udf.a rf tfia fkdj" rd;S%
.; lsug le,Ef tu m%foaYh wdjrKh l< hq;=hs' tu ia:dkh W!re
uv j,la jeksh' ke;fyd;a wdmiq .g hdug fkdyels nj lsh;s' fld
rd;s% ld,fha .ugo mks;s' lsisfjla ? fnda jQ g f.hska t<shg fkdh;a'
ljr le,E frdolska tlg fldhd mek ksiqka veyef.k h;s'
hkd cd;slfhda fufia ksNh fj;s' zz;dhs ksiqka uyd h .=,af,da
hehs Tyq kskaod lr;s' ;dhs ksiqka ;ksju lef,a ixpdrh fkdlr;s'ZZ hs
Tyq iro lr;a' f wd lreKq ksid wdpdhh uka hkd cd;slhska
fldkag Nh ke;ehs mjihs'
wdpdh uka hkd lef,a jdih lrk g tys is fld lsisgl
Wkajykafiag ;ckhla fkdh' ? ld,fha Tjqka f.drjk Yoh uq
le,h fodaxldr lrhs' Tjqka .uka lrk w mdrj,a olakg we;' tajd
le,Ef idudkH Yo f,i is;d h iel fkdlrhs' Wkajykafiaf.
a tlu h jQfha ;uka jykafiag f w;aneys ixidr l blaujkakg
fkdyels fo @ hkakhs' f w;aneys ksjka YdlaId;a l< hq;=h hkak
tlu wIaGdkh h'
ffldx .`. yryd hk g ;uka jykafia h jQfha hs wik g
zzke;ZZ hk ms<s;=r ,enqKs' fujeks wNsfhda.j,g ug uqyqK mdkakg jqKs
k .f ksiqkag udj /lSug isjkafkah' ud lef,a ilauka lrk g
fldkaf.a f.drjk kdoh weiS Nhska ;%ia; weug fkdyels jqKs'
fldhd ka ka ud bhg ta hk NS;sh we;sh' fld b;du oreKq
jk i;=ka nj l=vd ld,fha isg foudmshkaf.ka wid we;' f h uf.a
isf;a iarj mx we;' tneka fldkag h fkd ish fkdyelsh'
;ju;a f h blaujd ke;'
wdpdhh uka uq,a ld,fha W;=re ;dhs,ka;fha fkdfhla m%foaYhkays
ixpdrKh l<y' miq ld,fha ;uka n,j;a iudhg m;a jq ksid ndysr
wruqKq j,ska is; pxp, fkdh' tg ol=K n,d .uka lf<ah' OQ;dx.
rlska l%ufhka nexfldla k.rhg meKqks' tys j me;=jka wdrdufha
jia iqfh' f ld,fha j fndfrduysj wdrdufhys jev iQ p Lka
Wmd,s .=KQmudpdHh NsCIQka jykafia ks;r weiqre lrka m%{dj hqKq
lrk wkaou pdf<ah'
jia wjidkfha wdpdhh uka md .ukska f.dia f,dmanQ m%foaYfha
*dka. l uqfkys msys *hslajx .,a .=ydf ,e`.= .;s' fuu w;sYhska
14
uQ,sl wjh
fhda.H jQ mirfha Ndjkd n,h ;j;a hqKq h' bkamiq isxfgd .=ydfjys jdih l<y' f ld,fha is; n,j;a h' mirfha lsisu fohlska
lmd fkdh' tneka uy;a fia ksNh h' f jk g Wkajykafiaf.
a iudh .,la fuka ia:djr h' f iudfha mejf;ka fkdkj;ajdu
Oudkqmiaikdf fhfoka m%{dj jeh yels l%u iy wOHhkh
l<y' l ld,hlg miq kej;;a nexfldla kqjr jfndfrduys jys iQ
p Lqka Wmd,s f;reka iu`. idlPd l<y' ;u iel re lrka iEySulg m;ajqKs' ud.h ms<sn| ka meye,sh' Wkajykafiaf.ka iuqf.k
kfLdka fkdfhla m%foaYfha fld hhs l uqfka msys idld .,a .=ydjg
meKshy'
idld .,a.=ydj
wdpdh uka idld .,a .=ydfjys wjqre 3la Ndjkd lrka ishy'
uq ld,h ;=<u woaN+; isoakaf.ka hqla; jQ neka fuu ld,h Wkajykafiaf.a ;fha wu;l fkdjk ld,hls' uf.a u;lfha yehg uq,skau
.sfha .,a .=ydjg wdikak nka . ta .udkhgh' fuu m,d; fkdokakd
neka .ehka iu`. .,a .=ydj fidhd .shy' .efhda wk;=re we`.jQy'
fuu .,a .=ydj fkdfhla woaN+; ydial j,ska hqla;h' b;du msis is,a
ke;s we;a;kag tys jdih l< fkdyelsh' fkdfhla NsCIQka jykafia,d tys
jdihg f.dia ;o n, f,i frda.d;=r h' iuyre ffjoH Wmfoia ,nd
.ekSug fmr urKhg m;ajK
q 's uyd Yd, Yr we;s wukqIHfhda tys is;s'
Tjqkag woaN+; n, we;' ier mreI .;s we;' tys fhdaO wukqIHfhda .,a
.=ydj wdrlaId lr;a' fkdis;+ hg tys wuq;= foa isf' fuu wukqIHfhda NsCIQka jykafia,dg wNsfhda. lr;s' hlal= t,jkag yelshs ui;s'
fkdfhla fha Nh" NS;sh ksid frda.d;=r urKhg m;afj;s' .efhda
tys fkdhk f,i wdpdh ukag wdhdpkh l<y' fuu fldamd Iag jk
Iag l wukqIHhd .ek ia;r weiQ g .efhda fufia lSy' hfula fuu
.=ydjg wd uq,a rd;s%fhau Nhxldr isyskla olS' uyd Yd, hCIfhla ;ud
bfha is' Tyq urK ;ck lrhs' zzfuu .=ydj ug whs;sh' lsisfjl=g
isug fuys bv ke;' fufyka t<shg weo oud urkjd" b;du;a is,aj;a"
lreKd" ffu;S% we;s .=Kj;a wfhl=g muKla bkag bv ,ef' tjekakka
wdrlaId lrkq we;' krl jer lrk wh kdY lrkjdZZ wd jYfhks'
fndfyda NsCIQyq f w;alSu ksid h m;a .=ydj yer h;s' idud-
15
kHfhka kla fyda folla ,e`.= .ks;a' Nhska fj,ka bka nei h;s'
kej; lsis kl wdf ke;' iuyre fuu .=ydjg kex.d muKs' nyskakg
,enqfKa ke;' .efhda fufia wdpdHh uka je<elajQy'
iuyr NsCIQkag nkskag ,enqfKa ke;af;a wehshs weiQ g g
l ld,hlg fmr b;du;a is,aj;a NsCIQka jykafia,d 4 kula tys u<y'
Wkajykafia,d o h fohlg Nh ke;s nj lSjdy' wukqIHhka uokh
lsug ;ud <`. n,.;= hka;%" uka;% we;s nj lSy' fufia fkdfhla f,i
lS kuq;a wdpdh uka tys hdug ;SrKh lr l uqk hkag mdr pdf<ah'
.efhda wlue;af;ka jqjo mdr fmkajd kay'
wdpdh ukag fuu .,a .=ydj olskakg l=;=y,hla ;snqKs' f
.efhda lshkafka we;a;lao @ i;s" m[a[d" Hh jeug f Nhdkl
wruqKq Wmldr f' i;Hh fih hq;=h' h Ialr;djhla fjf;d;a .ug
mefKk nj lSy'
l ojila hk ;=re Wkajykafiag lsisu wuq;a;la fkdKqks'
wjg mirh ksy~h' i;=ka o~h lsf we;sjk Yo muKs' bkamiq
nf ula yg .;s' th idudkH fohla f,i is;=j;a blauKska jeh'
lsisu wdydrhla rjkag neh' f,a iu`. ish wdydr u< my lf<ah'
Wkajykafia fufia isfhd;a .ehka lS m 5fjks NsCIQka jykafia fuka
urKhg m;af' .syshka Wkajykafia lSug wd g fuu wdndOhg h
le,E fld< uq,a fldgd ;nd mdkh lrkag wjYH nj lS g tu fnfy;a
jH ,nd" tajd mdkh l<y' lsisu fnfy;lg fuu frda.h iqj fkdh'
ojiska oji Yrh b;du j, h' ukio j, h'
Wkajykafia f ms<sn| is;kakg jqKs' fu;r fnfy;a j;a fuu
wdndOh iqj fkdf' fnfy;a ksid frda.h je fjkjdo@ fnfy;a kj;d
Wkajykafia Ou Yla;f
s hka f,f iqj lsug ;SrKh l<y' j;a jqfKd;a
fyd|hs uereK;a lula keye fufia is;d ish fnfy;a kj;d Ndjkdf
fhKs'
uu u.a.M, ksjk lrd hk ud.h ls' f Ydl l bji'
fujeks fokdjla Wiq,kakg ne wehs @ fufia j, uu mrd; fj'
urKfha fldfy;au Nhdkl l bjikafka flfiao@ f wd jYfhka
is;d fnfy;a keje;ah'
ish ldhsl udkisl f,v frda. j,g tlu ms<shu f uf.a
16
uQ,sl wjh
Ou;djhhs' fufia urKdkqiai;sh Ndjkd lf<ah' ;u is;" lh" miaikd l<y' wl i;s" m[a[d" h Wmoh' ;u Yrfha we;s Nhdkl
;;a;ajh wu;l ' urK h o my h' la fokdj fufkys l<y' kdu
rEm fjka lr miaikd l<y' Yrfha fldgia fjka lrka tys iajNdjh
fufkys l<y' fokd" m[a[d fufkys l<y' ixLdr Wmojk nj;a
u;lfhka i[a[d tk nj;a fufkys lrka iji hdufha isg rd;S% uOHu
hduh hk ;=re;a Ndjkd l<y' isf;a lfha we;s inkaOh fmKqks' fufia
miaikd lrk g is; iud.; h' ish fokd w;=reoyka h'
b;d iq f,djla is; ksy~ h' bkamiq Wmpdr iudhg m;ajqKs'
;u wdf,dalu;a is; Yrfhka msg .sfhah' ta fudfydf;a Yd, Yrhlska hq;= l ksfila gy' w 30la muK Wie;s f ksidf.a wf;a hlv
uq.=rls' w 12la muK . ksfil=f.a ll=,la muK uy;h' f jeka;
ksid Wkajykafia <`.g we;a f fudfydf;au ;,d fmdf<djg iu;,d
lrK nj lSy' kau msgfjkag wK lf<ah' ;hg wdid we;ak hj'
Tyqf.a l:dj fore lEfh' Tyqf.a uq.=r lr Wvh' bka tl myrlska
jeka; we;a rdcfhla fmdf<djg iu;d l< yelsh'
wdpdh uka Tyq iu`. l:d lf<ah' lsiu
s je/oaola fkdl< flfkl=g
tjeks idyisl o~qj muqKqjkafka ula ksidhs weiSh' tu lkao Tyqg
wh;af' thg wrlaf.ka isk ksid lsisfjl=g Tyqf.a n,h ke;sl< fkdyel' fu;ekg tk ish fokd kdY lrK nj lSh'
wdpdh uka Tyq g neK jeKs ' zzuu fuys wdf ldf.a j ;a
whs;sjdisl Wrd .ekSug fkdf' uu wdf Ndjkd lsug uf.a isf;a
my< jk flf<ia j, whs;sh ke;s lsug is,aj;a NsCIqjlg ysxid" mSvd
lsu n,j; jrola' uu nqoaO Y%djlfhla' Wkajykafiaf.a lreKd"
ffu;%S .=Kh uq Yajfha me;s mj;S' Tnf.a Th udkdl n,h Bg
jvd Wiiao @ Ou" lu kS;sh uq Yajhu wdKavq ugq lrhs' f nj
Tn okafkyso @
zzke; iajdksZZ" Tyq ms<s;=re ks'
wm iud inqrcdKka jykaiag Yla;sh n,h ;sfhkjd' ysf;a
mek k.sk Th jeks udkdl n,h fmkajka mqridr lshk n,h kdY
lrkag' Wkajykafiaf.a isf;a wkqkag ysxid" mSvd lrk" urKhg m;a lrk
jer is;a m,jd yer we;' WU is;kjdo kqU uyd olaIfhla lshd @ Tf
ysf;a we;sjk Th Nhdkl flf<ia ke;s lsug l=ula l< hq;=hs Tn
17
okafkyso @
zz;du ke; iajdksZZ hehs ms<s.;s'
ux Tn is;a we;s Nhdkl wl=i,a ksid Tn b;d lDDr flfkls' Tf
n,h fl;r ;snqK;a Tn isf;a we;s flf<ia hgm;a lsug n,hla ke;'
Tf uela n,fhka ksiqka Nh lr urd u ksid Tn Bg jvd Nhdkl
.skafkka fjkafkah' uyd wl=i, lu lr wmd.; jkafkah' th ujdg
ud jeks wysxil Ouhg wkqj j;ajk wfhl= urkag ;e;a lrhs' Tf
.=K Ou fudkjdo yeisu fu;r Nhdkl idyisl fkdfo @ Tn ;r
krl lDDr wh ke;s ;rh' uu W.% ;mia rlsk is,ajf;la' uu Ouh
ms<smkafka uf.a fi; msKsi;a wka whf.a fi; msKsi;ah' ta kuq;a Tn ud
urd fmdf<djg iu;,d lsug ;e;a lrhs' Tn wmdhg weof.dia Nhdkl
la mdl k nj fkdokafkao @ Tf uyd n, Yla;sfhka lu mdl
je<elah yelso @ Tf n,h f Ou luhg jvd jek udj ka
urd oukq uek' uu urKhg h fkdfj' wo fkdu<;a h kl uefrkafkah' f,dalfha ish fokdu uefr;s' Tn fld;r n, mqjkaldrfhla
jqj;a Tno uefrkafkah'
f wreu mqu mqoa.,hd f ish,a, wid isfhah' fl,ska isf.k
.,a ms<suhla fuks' uyd uq.=r lr Wv we;' ukqIHfhla k ,ecdfjka
Nfhka ;%i;
a is;shs lshk yelsh' yqiu
a fy,kafka j;a ke;' Tyq wukqIHfhla ksid yqiau .kafka ke;' tfy;a Tyq ,ecd Nhska lS isk nj
wdpdh ukag fmfka' uy;a wdhdihlska Tyqf.a l i`.jdf.k is'
wdpdh uka l:dj wjika l<y' ta CIKKfhysu f jeka;
mqoa.,hd ;u lf ;snQ Yd, uq.=r u fyfh' ta iu`.u f uyd l
mqoa.,hd idudkH Wmdil uy;auhl=f.a yevhg mj;kh h' hg;a
my;a ,S,djlska isg.;s' bkamiq yo m;af,kau f.!rjfhka wdpdHh uka
<`.g meKsfhah' bkamiq uy;a miq;e,a,lska iudj b,a,d isfhah'
Tyqf.a l:df idrdxYh fuhhs'
zzuu iauhg yd NS;shg m;a jqfka Tn jykafia uq,skau gqgh'
Tn jykafiaf.a uq Yrh ;=<ska mqudldr ma;su;a wdf,dalhla ysKs'
Tn jykaia udj wNsnjd uf.a n,h ke;s lr;ahehs is;=Ks' ug lsisjla lr
lshd .kag fkdyelsh' uu Tn jykafia urKhg ;e;a lf<a yojf;a we;s
;rylska fkdf' uf.a udkhg myr jeKq neks' fndfyda ld,hla isg f
uq lkao wvh ug wh;ahehs uu is;=fj' wukqIHfhda ug Nh NSrka;
18
uQ,sl wjh
fj;s' krl .;s we;s iaiS, ksiaiq o ug h fj;s' uf.a ;o udkh yd

wd;au oDIah ksid Tn jykafia hg;a lrkag is;=fj' tfy;a uf.a isf;a
Nhla iella ;snqKs' Tn jykafia ug jvd n,mqjkaldrfhla hehs kqKs'
uu wkqkag i<lkafka my;a f,ih' Tjqka Nh lsu" th uf.a mqreoaohs'
ug Tn jykaia iudjqj uek' kamiq uu Iag .;s w;a y ug ;j la
ug fkdyel' g jvd la ug isfhs Nh fj'ZZ
wdpdh uka ms<s;=re ks' zzTng uy;a n, Yla;shla we;' Tf
Yrh >k iajNdjhla fkdf' Tng ksiqkag fuka Ydl la fokd
ke;' nv.sks fokd ke;' /lshd lr , uqo,a Wmhkakg ke;' Tng we;s
l l=ulao @ Tnf.a jH wd;auh;a lla k la ke;af;a fld;eko@
zzu;=mska n,k g ksiqkag jeks la foajd ;u M, ke;' ksiqkag
jvd wfma Yrfhka wms iem uq' tfy;a Yrfhka la ;rula ,ef'
Wiia ySk wd;au j, ;rd ;sr wkqj la iem ,ef'ZZ
fuu idlPdj b;du ixlSK ksid tys iajNdjh ug f;are .;
fkdyel' tneka f jpk j,ska Tng hlsis woyila ug W;aidy
lr' th id:l fkdu .ek iudjqj uek'
fuu idlPdj wjidkfha f wreu mqu mqo.
a ,hd Ouhg f.!rj
lr f;rejka irK .sfhah' zzTn jykafia irK hZZ lSfh' zzTn jykafia
uf.a Y%oO
a djg idCIs fjdZZ fufia lshd Wkajykafia wdrlaIdlrK nj lshd
.,a .=ydf jev jik f,i wdrdOkd lf<ah' Wkajykafiag wdrlaIdj i,id
Yd, l=i,hla w;am;a lr .ekSug Tyq leu;s h' we;af;kau Tyq tys
jik jDCI foaj;djkaf.a wm;shdh' N=ud foajd hkqfjka yekafjk f
foaj fldGdih N+hg wdikakj jdih lr;s' Yd, .ia uqkaj, udk
idod mjq,a mska jdih lr;s' Tyq fjia j,df.k uyd hCIfhla fuka
ksiqka Nh l<y' uq kfLdka kfhdla l lrh Tjqkaf.a wvh f'
wdpdh uka fufia iudhg iuje f fohka iu`. whu 4
olajd idlPd l<y' bkamiq iudfhka ke.S iajdNdl ;;a;j
a hg m;ajK
q 's
Wkajykafiaf.a nf frda.h w;=reoyka ;snqKs' ;udf.a n,j;a frda.h
iqj ug Ndjkd n,fhka yels nj iau cklh' Wkajykafiag th Yd,
w;alSula h' Yrh jvd;a Yla;su;a h' uq rd;s%h iud.; jq kuq;a
fjfyila ke;' tneka t<sfjk ;=re Ndjkd lf<ah'
Oufha ydia l Wka j yka f ia g m% ; HCI h' uyd Nhdkl
19
wukqIHfhl=f.a is; fjkia lr Y%oaOd Nla;s iumkakj f;rejka irK

f.dia Wkajykafiag wjk; h' Tyqf.a udkdl n,h | jegqK's Wkajykafiaf.a is; meh .Kka n,j;a ;Dma;su;a i;=glg m;ah' Wkajykafiaf.a
Ndjkd hqKj
q .ek ka i;=gg m;ajK
q 's lsiu
s ielhla ka ke;' fkdfhla
oYk laflah' bka is; b;du;a msis m%NdYajr h' fndfyda flf<ia
reh' tu m%{dj ;=<ska Wkajykafiaf.a uq p;h jOkh h'
B<`. udi .Kkdjla Wkajykafiaf.a Ndjkdj b;d id:l h'
bka lshkag ne ;r ishq wdiajdo ,oy' Ydl udkisl ksfrda.s nj
,oy' iuyrg ueh rd;s%fha N+udgq fojre Yd, msia jYfhka wjq;a
Wkajykafia iu`. l:d lr;s' tu wm;s fohd' uq foaj iud. j,g
Wkajykafia .=K kqjK .ek m%ldY lr we;' fufia wuq;a;ka ke;s g
Wkajykafia Ndjkd lr;s'
tla ikaOHdjl Wkajykafiaf.a Ndjkd wdikh yer .,a .=ydj
bmsg t<suyfk jev isshy' Ouh fufkys lrka nqrcdKka jykafia fu;r ydial we;s Ouhla wjfndaO lf<a hehs o ksia j.hdg
fuu odhdoh ka fialhehs o fuh kshu hg wkq.ukh lsu b;du
Ialr jqjo ;uka jykafia hlsis m%udKhlg id:l jQfha hehso tneka
fl;r jdikdjka; hhso jYfhka wdjckd l<y' ;ju;a wjidk ud.
M, fkd,enqK;a f ud.fha .uka lsfuka ,enQ i;=g wdiajdoh lsh fkdyels ;rh' wjidk wy;ajh ,nd .ekSu yels nj jegyqKs' urKhg
m;a kqjqfkd;a th ,efuh' tg ish la blauj;s'
f fudfydf;a jfrda /,la lEu fidhka Wkajykafia bfhys ishy' jre kdhlhd Wkajykafia l ms,sir .ia w;ka j
mkska jre /, je<elajQy' zzf.dfla" f.dflaZZ Yoh Tjqkaf.a jre
NdIdfjka lshk msKsv h' Tjqkaf.a Yo wdpdh ukag f;af' tlsfkld
l:d lrka ;u h m%ldY l<y' zzta l=ulao @" fudllao okafka keye'
Nhdkl fohlao @ZZ zzfldfykao fldfkaoZZ zzf fu;ek f fu;kZZ wd
jYfhka wdpdh uka ms<sn| wi;s' jre kdhlhd ;u /< /lSug fjfyfia' wdpdh uka Tjqkaf.a iel h k ffu;S% lrka fufia is;=fh'
zzuu fuys wdf Ndjkd lsug' Ouhg wkqj ms<sfj;a msug' lsisfjl=g
uf.ka ydkshla ke;' ud flfrys Nh fkdj Tf wdydr leu;s m
fidhd .kak' yeuodu fuys we;a lEu fij;a l ke;'ZZ
tflfkysu jre kdhlhd mKsvh /<g ks' th n,disug uy;a
20
uQ,sl wjh
fkdaohls' zzf.dafla f.daflaZZ zzfyka fyka" jkag mkskag tmdZZ bkamiq

uq /<u .=ydj bhg meKshy' /f<a kdhlhdg wdpdh uka uyd
l=;=y,hls' b;du lsgqjg wjq;a mr lrhs' Tyqf.a h iel uy;ah'
wdpdh uka Tjqkaf.a l:d nia fydka f;are .;af;ah' Tjqka .ek
wkqlmd h' Tjqkf
a .a lE flda .eiSu wmg Yohla muKs' tfy;a wdpdh
uka b;d idjOdkfhka wid ta ta Yoj, w: ykhs' uq
/<u
uyd yhsfhka lE .i;s' tfy fufy j mkska m%Yak lr;s' W;a;r fo;s'
ukqIHhka fuka weiaiS isys uq,dfj;s' wdpdHh uka isk ;ekg wjq;a
tlsfkld n,d is;s' .ia w;ka mek mek jh;s'
f l:dj wdpdh uka mqkrela;sfhka lshhs' th Wkajykafiaf.
a w;alSf ishq Ndjhhs' j,a jfrda ksiqkag Nh jkafka ksiaiq uyd
f,aP lDDr wkaoug i;=ka Yd, jYfhka urk neKs hehs Wkajykafia
lSy' i;=ka ta ta Yo f;are .kafka ksid ;u NdIdf Yo f;are
.kakd fuks' ys; m%Odk f Yo my< f' tys iqfYaI f;are we;'
fjk;a NdIdjka j, Yo wmg fkdf;f' tu NdIdj fkdo;a neKs'
Yo b;d idjOdkj wik g ta ta Yo j,ska fjkia woyia m< lrk
nj meye,sj fmfka'
wka;sf jre /<j,a wdy' wdpdh uka .ek lsisu CIsma;hla
ke;' ks,af,a j mek wdydr fidh;s' wdpdHh uka .ek j.la j;a
ke;' Tjqkaf.a kqjK we;af;a wdydr fiug yd ie`. ;u ;drCId
lr .ekSug muKs'
tla ikaoHdjl Wkajykafia nq.=K wruqK ke;s is; ysia h' uq
f,dalhu ysiah' Y+kH;djhla iah' fuu iudfhka ke.S isg nq.=K
fufkys lf<ah' nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a wisu;a m%{dfjka i;a;ajhdf.a
flf<ia re lrK wkaou jod<y' i;s m[a[d fl;r n,j;ao" idudkH
ffoksl lghq;= lrKhg wdydr je<u" u<my lsu" wdh jqjo i;s
m[a[dfjka lrKg tu ldHh ksis wdldrfhka flfrhs' tu ls%hd jer
hgu lsu ksid iS,dpdr nj kefia' f ms<sn| Yd, f,i mqre mqyqKq
h hq;=f' isf;a we;sjk is;=,s ms<sn|jo i;s m[a[dfjka md,kh h
hq;=hs' f i;s m[a[d ,sys,ajQ g ;udf.a yeisu lD;s f' ;u jhi"
ia;S%" mqreI Ndjh" iudc;Fjh .ek fkd;ld is;g jy,a fkdfhla
wYS,dpdr foa lr;a'
21
idudkH ksid fmd <uhska fuks' fmd <uhskag jeyshka.a

md,kh wjYH f' fndfyda wh fmkqfuka jhia.; jqjo" ;Fjh" udkh"
uu;ajh je .sho y ye is;Sug fkdyelsh' ;udg;a wkqkag;a
ys;lr hg yeisug fkdoks;s' ta wh fN!;sl jYfhka mk; jqjo
i;s m[a[dfjka mk; fkdf' fuu Ou lreKq ;udf.a isf;a mqyqKq
lsug o ue,sfj;s' tneka hk hk ;ek m%Yak Woa.; f' f wjdikdjka; ;;a;ajh .ek fufkys lrk g wdpdHh uka uy;afia ixf.
hg m;ajqKs'
idld .=ydjg ke.sh hq;= l mduq, miaikd Ndjkd uOHia:dkhla
;snqKs' tys jhia.; NsCIqkajykafia kula jdih lf<ah' Wkajykafia .sys
;fha NdHhdjka orejka iu`. isg jhia.; uyK jQfjls' kla
wdpdh uka fuu NsCIQka jykafia is;=,s .ek ;u Ndjkd n plaLqfjka
n,k g Wkajykafiaf.a is; is f.dia ;u mjq, | iy orejka .ek
is;=,s my< lrk nj fmKqks' tk rd;s%fha wdpdh uka fuu NsCIqjf.a
is;s,s foi ne g ta;a tu is;=,suh' t<sfjk mdkaoro tu NsCIqjf.
a is;=,s ;u orejka" | .ekuh' b;d lirfhka ;u orejka yd
uqkqUqre" kshka .ek is;hs' .sys ;h .ek l,amkd lrhs' iir
wkka; ; ,eug fya;=f'
tk Wfoa msKv
a md;fhka miq wdpdh uka f NsCIqjf.a l=hg f.dv
fufia lSfh' zzfldfyduo iem la @ Tn kej;;a w;a f.hla idod
|;a iu`. jdy bkago l,amkdj' ? t<sjk ;=re;a ta .ek is;ka
ishd fkdfo @ ka ish,a, ie<iq lr bjro @ uu yo @ZZ
tu NsCIqj uy;afia ,ecdj m;a ;u ryi o;a neka u| iskdjla
my< lr zzwdpdh uka" Tn jykafia ia;hs uf.a is; uq rd;s%h mqrd
gqfjyso @
Tn jykafia ug jvd ta ish,a, okS' tneka uf.ka weiSfuka jevla
ke;' Tn jykafia ksod .;af;au ke;' kq;a ,ecdjla ke;sj ta is;s,s
is;hs' i;s" m[a[dj ;=<ska f is;s,s kj;ajkag neo @ tu is;s,s wkqj
Tn ls%hdlrkakgo hkafka @
fufia lshkg ta jhia.; NsCIqj ique,s l,dka;ug fuka uy;a
,ecdjg m;a ishy' msiafila fuka fudkjdo f;d,a u;=f,ah' f l
wdpdh uka ;u .g idlPd lsu wk;=reodhl hehs is;d fjk;a foa
.ek l:dlr ;uka jykafiaf.a l=hg jehy'
22
uQ,sl wjh
;=ka klg miq .sys odhlfhla wdpdHh ukaf.a l=hg meKs

g jhia.; NsCIqj .ek weiqfh' Bfha Wfoa Wkajykafia fkdlshdu
hkag ,Eia;s jqkd' wehs fu;r blauKska hkafka hehs weiQg uu fufya
bkafka flfiao @ Bfha Wfoa wdpdh uka ug fkdfhla fhka l:d l<d'
uu ta fjf,a l,dka; .shd' ;j lSjd k uu ue jefgkjd' b;ska
ug fuys bkag neye' wou hkjd' wdpdHh uka Tn jykafiag nekako
@ keye llaj;a nekafka keye' kuq;a uf.ka weiQ m%Yak nekqulg jvd
Kd' Wkajykafia weiQ m%Yak fudkjdhs weiQg th k wykak tmd'
uu uefrk ;r ,ecdfj' h flfkla k .;af;d;a ug fmdf<df
mia lkakg f' uu tlla lshkak' h h wh fyd| krl foa folu
ys;kjd' ;udf.a is;s,s kj;ajkag mqjka ldgo @ wdpdh uka uf.a
is;s,s ish,a, okakjd' ug fuys jikag neye' Bg jeh fyd|hs fldfya
y .syska uefrk tl' ug fuys isfhd;a ,s ,ecf bkag fjkjd' Bfha
? uu ksod.;af;a keye' f .ek is;ka yshd'
Tn jykafiaf.ka wdpdh ukag lsis je/oaola keye' Wkajykafiaf.a;a je/oaola keye' ;uka jer k Wkajykafiaf.ka Wmfoia ,nd
Bg iqiaila l< hq;=hs' th wdpdh ukag lrK f.!rjhla' tjeks is;a
we;s jQg l=ula l< hq;=hs wikak' tg i;s m[a[dj Tng my< f'
fufya od, hkjdg jvd th fyd|hs' fkdfo @
ug i;sh meje;aug jvd wdpdHh uka .ek hla ;sf' uu
Wkajykafia <`. isu mQia mefhla uy wef;la <`. iskjd fuks' uf.a
is;s,s Wkajykafia okS hehs is;Su mjd ug ugy;a lmkhls' uu fuys
isfhd;a uefrkjd hehs lSy'
Wmdil f;u f jhia.; NsCIqj flfrys wkqlmd lf<ah' Tyqf.
a uqyqK ique,s we;' we;af;kau hm;a we;' Tn jykafia fldfya
hkjdhs weiQg okafka keyehs lSh' fkduerefKd;a kej; wms yuqfjuqhs
lSh' uu fmd ms <ufhla miq mi hefj' tfy;a Wkajykafia hk
;ek lSf ke;' ta uy NsCIqj .ek uu lK.dgqfj'
fuh f ;r ;ud fj; t,a, jQ wNsfhda.hla f,i ie,l=f ukahs
uu lafj'
wdpdh uka fndfyda fihs k a lmd h' Wka j yka f ia fyd|
f;kdfjka lS foh fu;r ne?re ;;a;j
a hlg m;a we;' Wkajykafia
ldreKslj fuh lshd we;' we;a;gu Wkajykafia ique,s jQ ksid fujeks
23
fohla fhehs wkqudk l<y' tkg miq Wkajykafia ;u is; wkqka flf
fhduq lf<a ke;' fujeks fohla Woa.; f hehs Nh h' Wkajykafiaf.
a mr;a; cdkkh i;Hhls' zzuu l:d lf<a tu jhia.; NsCIqj iu`.
hy ;%fhla fuks' hyfjda iuyr g ys lr;s' iuyr g jeo.;a
foa lsh;s' fu;r ne?re ;;a;ajhla we;sf hehs o ;u wimqj yeroud
hdug isf hehs o Wkajykafia fkdis;+y'
fuh wdpdhh ukag jeo.;a mdvula h' Wkajykafia yuqug tk
fkdfhla mqoa.,hka .ek yeish hq;= wkaou l:d l< hq;= wkaou .ek
m%fi h hq;=h' bkamiq lsisfjl=f.a is;=,s .ek wk;=re we`.ula
fkdlf<ah' th jl%dldrfhka zzfufia is;k wh w;eZZhs lsh;s' fl<skau
fkdlsh;s' ksiqkaf.a is;a fmd <uhs je je wekakdla fuks' Tjqkag
;du wekag yqre ke;' jeysfhda wjOdkfhka /l n,;s' tfy;a
jemqr wdrlaId fkdlr;s' ksidf.a is;;a tfiauh' Tjqkaf.a m%;HCIfhka
is; .ek uiq l< hq;=h' iuyr g y hg is;;a' iuyrg jer
hg is;;a' iuyrg fyd|hs' iuyrg krlhs' fuh iajdNdlhs' yeu
fudfydf;au y hg is;sh hq;=hehs n,dfmdfrd;a;= h hq;= ke;'
idld f,fka is ld,h wdpdHh ukag Yd, M,odhs h' fkdfhla
i;H lreKq jegyqfKah' ;u wNHka;r is;=,s iy tajdg wruqKq jQ ndysr
f,dalh .ek mfhaIK lsug yelsh' ;u ldHhka flfrys fl;r
WfoHda.s jqjo lsjfyd;a ld,h wu;l h' k" udi" wjqre .;jk j.la
u;l ke;' Ndjkd hqKqj ksid is; ks;r m%fndaOfhks' ks;r m%{dj
miaikd kqjK my< h' th j;=r .,kakdla fuka fkdkej;S my< jqKs'
fyd| ld,.=Kh we;s ijia hdufha Wkajykafia le,Ej ueka .uka lf<ah'
.ia" fld<ka" l ,iaik mirh ;a;dolIKSh h' Ndjkd ukisldrh
;snqKs' ijia hdufha ljr hk g .=ydjg jefhah'
.=ydj wjg m%foaYh jk i;=kaf.ka .yK h' tys .ia je,a m<;=re
fndfydah' fkdfhla jre j. we;' ,eka.=wd" .snka" yndjd wd le,E
m<;=re lk i;=ka fndfyda we;' Wkaf.a jev .ek i wdpHh uka .ek
lsisu ye`.Sula ke;' Tjqyq tfya fufya mkska fi,a, lr;s' Tjqka iu`.
uy;a ;% inkaOhla ;snqKs' Tjqyq ;udf.a iudkfhdah' Wmam;a;sh" u"
f,vu" urKh" idOdrKh' i;=ka jqj;a Tjqka ;=< hlsis l=i,;djl
.=Khla we;' ksidf.a fyda i;=kaf.a /ia lr we;s l=i,a wl=i,a fjkia
f' i;a;aj f,dalhg bmk;a fndfyda i;=kag iuyr ksiqkag jvd
mska we;' ;u mdmhlska ,nd .;a Wmam;a;sh ksid ;djld,sl la we;'
24
uQ,sl wjh
ksidg;a tfiauhs' h msklska ksi;a nj ,enqj;a fndfyda wl=i, mdl

ld,hkays la mSvd ;s' tu lu mdlh f. .shg kej;;a fyd|
ld,hla we;sf' fuf,i lu mdl ta ta mirh ;=<ska f.k foa' f ksid
lsisfjl=f.a wjdikdj .ek wjuka l< hq;= ke;' ;u ;ud iska lrK
fyd| fyda krl lu mdl ;ud miqmi odhdohla fuka .uka lrhs'
oj,a hdufha wdpdh uka ;u .,af,k b msg w;= .d msis
lrhs' iji Ndjkdf fhfoa' udrefjka udrejg yska ilaukska l,a
hjhs' iudh n,j;a ksid isf;a ks;r mS%;s" iqL" miaih we;' ldhdkqmiaikdfjka ;u Yrh b;d iQCIau f,i fokh lr nefh' ta yeu
fohlu we;s ;s%,lIKh wjfndaO h' fufia fkka k Wkajykafiaf.
a Y%oOdj hqKq h'
Y%djl ry;ka jykafia,d

idld .,a .=ydfj jdih lrk ld,fha wdpdhh ukag ;u iud
ks;a; fya;=fjka Y%djl ry;ka jykafia,d iu`. wdY%h lsug yelsh'
ta yeu ry;kajykafiau Ouh foaYkd l<y' wdh Y%djlhkaf.a m%;m
s ;a;s
.ek fndfyda g foaYkd l<y' tys idrdxYh fufiah'
ilauka Ndjkdj b;d ikaiqka ,S,djlska ixhuhlska is l< hq;=h'
;udf.a ldhh ms<sn| i;sh fhduq lrkak' Tn Yrh foi fyda ialkaOhka foi n,kjd k" ke;ak h Ouhla foi n,kjd k ;udf.
a i;sh ta ms<sn| ;ka ld je ;sh hq;=hs' ;udf.a wjOdkh fjk lsis
wruqKla lrd fkdhjkak' tfia fjk wruqKq lrd hkafka Tng ia:djr
wOHd;al Yla;shla ke;s neks' tfyhska ;u wOHd;aufha irK - msysg
ke;' Tnf.a ishu ffoksl lghq;= j, i;sh mj;ajkak' tu jev ;ud
kskafoka lrk foa fuka ta f w; ye ye i;sfhka f;drj lrkak
tmd' kskafoa Tnf.a isysk fl;r ;% hg ta f w; bnd.df;a
hkjdo @ Wfoa msKavmd;h" wdydr je<u" Yr lD;Hh wd km;d
lrK foa .ek im%odhdkql+,j yeisfrkak' th nq is; f' ;ud Ou
kh ms<sn| mqyqKqjla fkd,;a flfkla fuka lsis fgl yeisfrkak tmd'
ks;ru ;ud kshu Y%uKfhla f,i yeisfrkak' Ydka; odka; f,i bh
mj;ajkak' nqoaO Y%djlfhl=f.a ,laIK ;sh hq;=hs' tys f;areu ks;ru
i;s m[a[dfjka bh meje;auhs' tg yojf;a .eUqf ie`. we;s
25
flf<ia rel< yelsh' ;ud .kakd wdydrh fyd|dldr m%;HdflaId

lrkak' ri we;s wdydr ksid is; I f' m%;HdfCId fkdlr wdydr
.kakd g Yrh mqIau;a jqjo is; j, f' i;sfhka f;drj .kakd
wdydr ksid is; j, jQ g Tn kdYhg m;af'
Y%uKfhla ;u iem myiqj i|yd wkqkaf.a iem myiqjg ydks
fjk f,i ,cd ke;s wl=i,a fkdl< hq;=hs bka ;ukag muKla fkdj
bka wkqkag;a ydks isf' nqoaO mq;%hkaf.a ms<s.ekSu wkqj ishu flf<ia
b;d Nhdklh' ysf;a flf<ia re lsug uy;a Hh jeh hq;=hs' yeu
flf<ilau .sks yq,la fuka ;u .uka ud.h ojhs' ;u kh ;u is;ska
we;s lr .kakd nqoaO mq;%hkaf.a kh" ;u wd;au ixhufhka isf' fuh
yeu gu ;sh hq;=hs' wek" isk" ysk" ksok" lk" u<my lrk' l:
d lrK" iudch weiqre lrK yeu gu ixjr h hq;=hs' jer foa kh
frda ls%hd ish,a,lau flf,ia ksid isf' bka iir Wm; yd urKhg
m;af' ixidr meje;au blauug leu;s mqoa.,hd tjeks jroj,ska fjka
h hq;=hs' tu yeisu ksid ;ud Yd, m%md;hlg jef' f,dalfha we;s
b;du ms<sl=,a mqoa.,fhl= f' tk ld,lKaks" wms%h ksjil bkag i;=gq
ke;' wms%h we wkag leu;s ke;' tajd foi n,kag;a wms%hhs' idudkHfhka ksiaiq wms%h" wm%ikak foa neyer lr;s' wms%h ukila we;s" wms%h
mqoa.,fhla fld;r wm%ikako @ f f,dalfha wkka; wms%h mqoa.,hd
ta ld,lKaKs nqoaO mq;%fhla f,i uyK iskakd Y%uKhdh' Tyqf.
a ms<sl=,a nj fyd| krl ish fokdf.au yoj; tlfia isre lrhs" fo
nUqkaf.a yoj; tlfia isre lrhs' tneka hfula kshudldr Y%uKfhla
ug W;aidy .; hq;=hs' i;sfhka yeu gu ish hq;=hs' ;u kh ;uka
iskau we;s lr .; hq;=h' f,dalfha ksid w.h lrK fndfyda foa
w;=frka b;du w.kd foh ksia is; f' i;Hfhkau is; ;r jkd f
f,dalfha ;j;a fohla ke;' tneka is; wdrlaId lrkak' isf;a iajNdjh
k .ekSu hkq Ouh wjfndaO lsuhs' is; k .ekSug Ouh k.;
hq;=hs' is; k.;a;dhska miq Ouh k .;a;d f' isf;a i;H iajNdjh
k .;a;d hkq ksjka wjfndaO lsuhs' is; hkq , l< fkdyels ;ud
;=< we;s jia;=jls' th kdia;s lrkjd hkq n,j;a wmrdOhls' is; krla
lr.;a wh b;d #; f,i Wm; ,n;a ish oyia jrla tfia Wm' wm
ysf;a jkdlu f;are .;a miq ta .ek fkdie,ls,su;a h hq;= fkdf'
ulaksido ta krla jQ is; ksid miqj n,j;a miq;e,a,g m;ajk neKs'
ta miq;e,af,ka lsislf,l fula ke;' is; krla lr .ekSu lsisfia;a
fkdlrkak'
26
uQ,sl wjh
ysmsg j;ajk ish i;a;ajhska w;=frka ksid jvdu nqoau;ah'

tneka fudayfhka uq,dfjka ish hq;= ke;' iuyre f fudayh" woHdj
ksid ;u ; kdY lr .ks;s' lsisu i;=gla fkd' kshu Y%uKhdf.
a f,!lsl" f,daflda;a;r .=K j.dj ksidg wdoYhls' Wkajykafiaf.a
ldhh msish' ksjerh' ksfodiah' Wkajykafia l=i,;djfhka" WfmalI
a dfjka ish jev lghq;= bIag lr;s' tneka Tn kshu Y%uKhdf.a .;s.=K
uy;a Hfhka mqrkak' tg th Tnf.a mqreoao f' tg fld;ek jqj;a
Tnf.a m%;sm;a;sh .re .dNSr f' h Y%uKfhla ;u iS,h /l n,d
.kafka k" iudh" i;sh" m[a[dj" h /l n,d .kafka k Tyq
taldka;fhkau w;s W;a;u Y%uKfhls'
uu f lshd fokafka ksfil=f.a Hh" fkdmiqng nj" wdOHd;auh
iu`. hqo jek finf<l= jeks flfkl=f.a Ouh f' Wkajykafia kqfjls"
uyd mqreIfhls' l imQKfhkau blauh' ish ixfhdack lvd h'
mru iqjh ,oy' nqoaO;ajh w;am;a l<y' f,dalfhdf.a Ydia;Djrhdh' ;=ka
f,dalfha .=rejrhdh' f Oufha ydial Tn okafka k Tngo ish
laf,aYhka ch .; yelsh' ud f Ouh Tn fj; mskeuqf f ms<sn|
Wmu wjOdkh fhdod hk woyiska' tfia ms<sfj;a rlsk g Tn isf;a
we;sjk mqudldr iajNdjh Tng m%;HCI f' thu uy;a Nd.Hhls'
Y%djl ry;kajykafia f Ouh foaYkd lr fkdfmkS .shy' wdpdh
uka th b;d ksy;udkS Ndjfhka ms<s.;ay' tys iEu wjjdohlau ms<sn|
l,amkd l<y' fokh l<y' f wdldrfhka kej; kej;;a Y%djl
ry;ka jykafia,d Ouh foaYkd l<y' ms<sfj;a ud.h b;du meye,s
h' tu Ouhg ijka kag ;u Ndjkd lsf Wkkaj jeh' tg
Ouh jvd meye,s h'
fujeks Y%djl ry;ka jykafia,df.a Ouh Y%jKh lrK g ;uka
nqrcdKka jykafia wNshi isg wikakdla fukahehs wdpdh uka mejiSh'
kuq;a nqrcdKka jykafia yuq Ouh Y%jKh lsu Wkajykafiaf.a
u;lfha ke;' ta nK wik g uq f,dalhu wu;l jqKs' ;u Yrh fkdoekS .sfhah' n,j;a iudhg m;ah' is; muKla ma;u
s ;aj nenf,a' fuu
iudfhka k g muKla ;ud fl;r mSvdld nrla f.k hkafkahs
f;areKs' tk ;u Yrh we;s nj kSuh' f Yrh wks;a i;r ialkaOhka tiug flaka ia:dkh f' ta yeu tllau la f.dvls'
idld .,a .=ydf .; l< ld,fha fufia fndfyda ry;=ka
27
jykafia,df.a Ouh Y%jKh lsug yelsh' tfyhska idld .,a.=ydj

Wkajykafiaf.a woa;Sh jdiia:dkh h' tys wkd.d M,hg m;ah'
fn!oaO .%ka: wkqj wkd.d M,fha ixfhdack 5la le hkafkah' tk
ilaldh " lsPd" iS,n; mrdudi" ldurd." m> hfula f
;;a;ajh ,nhso Tyq kej; ksiaf,dj kQm' mG" wdfmd" f;fcd" jdfhd
hk i;r uyd N+;hkaf.ka iEfok Yr we;s Njhkays kQm' urKhg
fmr ry;a fkdjqfkd;a mxp Y%oaOdjdi n%yau f,dalj, Wm' tk wy:
w;mam" iqoiai" iqoiais" wlksGd wdhhs' ;ukaf.a iu: Ndjkd wkqj f
N+fha Wm' ;uka jykafia wkd.d M,hg m;a jQ nj Wkajykafia <`.u
YsIHhskag muKla kq we;' tfy;a uu fufia mqia;lhg we;=<;a
lf<' fuys h fodaIhla wef;d;a tys jrolre uu fj'
tla rd;s%hl Wkajykafia fndfyda f,d Ndjkd lr wjidkfha
widudkH lreKdjla wksl=;a NsCIQka jykafia,d flfrys we;sh' ta jk
g mqudldr kqjK my< h' is; ;on, iud M,hg m;ajqKs' uq,a
ld,fha iudh fjk;a ud.hl .sh neka bka jQ ydksh u;la weia
l<ska f;;a .sfhah' tkuq;a ta .;a jHdhduh ksIaM, jQfha ke;' wo
wl;r miaikd {dK my< h' nq .=K fkdfhla wdldrfhka iah'
nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a uyd lreKd .=Kh ksid ;uka jykafiaf.a wjfndaO
l< Ouh wkqkag jod<y' fndfyda fokd ksjdk.d h' ;udf.a lu
mdl iy wka whf.a lu mdl .ek wjfndaOhla we;sh' i;a;ajhd
lu fya;=fjka Wm' luh ;udf.a tlu whs;sh f' f nqoaO Oufha
uqLH b.ekauhs'
fufia kqjK my< jqjo ;u ish la keiSug f ud.fha hd
hq;=h' ;uka jykafiaf.a uq Yla;sh f ldhhg fhoh hq;=h' ;uka
jykafiaf.a widOH nf frda.h ka ksIagdjg iqj we;' ka ud.
h b;d meye,sh' is; ia:djrh' l,ska ;ud ljf w;m; .d .sfhah'
;uka W;= wy;ajhg wkd.;fha ,nk nj ksielh'
i;s" m[a[d taldldrj je we;' ta ms<sn| fjfyi ula ke;'
ksrdhdifhka mj;S' ?" oj,a fofla fkdkj;ajdu i;s m[a[d ls%hd;aul
f' .Kka lsug ne ;r oYk gy' m%{dj my< h' f Oufha
wjfndaOh jeu;a iu`. NsCIQka jykafia,d .ek uyd lreKdjla my<
h' idld .=ydj w;ayer hdug th fya;= h' tneka fkdleue;af;ka
jqjo f Nd.H imkak idld .=ydfjka msg;a h' ;uka jykafia uq,
weiqre l< OQ;dx. NsCIQka jykafia,d fiug W;=re kef.kysr m%foaYh
28
uQ,sl wjh
n,d .shy'
idld .=ydfjka msg hdug fo;=ka klg fmr rd;s%fha rela
foaj;dfjda iuQyhla Ouh Y%jKh msKsi wdyd' tys m%Odkshd wms uq,ska
i|yka l< wreu mqu" h .ekajQ rela fohdh' Ouh wjidkfha
;ukajykafia idld .=ydj l klska yer hk nj kah' ta ish
fokd uy;a fia lmd ;j l,a bkag lkak, l<y' ;uka jykafia
f .=ydjg jefha h lsis ldHhla msKsih' ka w;ayer hkafka;a h
fya;= we;sjh' Wkajykafia bnd.df;a tfy fufy ixpdrh fkdlrk nj
mejiqfh' th je<elau kqiqiq nj Tjqkag wk;=re we`.ula l<y'
tfy;a wjYH jQ gl kej; meKSug fmdfrdka ks' f foaj iuQyhd
;ukaf.a wjxl wdor Nla;sh fkdfhla f,i mqo l<y'
idld .=ydfjka msg;a jk khg fmr k rd;S% 10 g muK Wkajykafiaf.a ;% cfjd Lqx Wmd,s f;reka u;la h' Wkajykafia j fndfrduksj
ys fjfi;s' tfjf,a Wkajykafia is;s,s l=ulahs mlaId lsug mr;a;
cdkk iDoah mEy' tg zzwoHdj iy mp iuqmamdohZZ fufkys
lrka ishy' wdpdh uka ta kh iy f,dj iksgqyka fldg ;eh'
miqj l ld,hlska nexfldlays Wkajykafia yuqh' Wkajykafia is;ka
is foh .ek weiQ g th ienE hehs lshd uy;a fia i;=gq iskdiqfKah'
bkamiq fkdfhla fhka m%Yxid l<y'
zzTn ienkau oCIfhls' uu o fndfyda whf.a m%Yxid ,nk
wdpdHhjrfhla' tfy;a Tn ;r hqKq ke;' ta .ek uu ,ecdjg
m;afj' Tn we;af;kau wdpdhjrfhls' nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a w;s W;=
Y%djl ix> .Khg wh;a f' wmg ne jqK;a ljqre kuq;a nqrcdKka
jykafiaf.a kshu m%;smodj /lsh hq;=h' wo ld,fha tjeks Y%djlhska
ke;ehs tjeks foa l< fkdyelshs ue,s fj;s' mrd; fj;s' Tn jykafia
Oufha wld,sl .=Kh olajkafkah' ke;fyd;a i;H Ouh w;=reoka fjhs'
nqrcdKka jykafia fjeks iD m%d;sydHh .ek i|yka lr we;' th
Tn jykafia m%;HCI lr ug Tmamq l<y' nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a Ouh
f wdldrfhka ms<smeh hq;=h'ZZ wd jYfhks'
wdpdh c Lqka Wmd,s ;uka jykafiag fndfyda f.!rj olajk
nj wdpdh uka lSy' iuyr g i|kakg ne m%Yak ms<sn| lshd tj;s'
fufia f wdpdhjre iqyo ,S,dfjka ishy' ;ukag W;=re kef.kysr
n,d hdug iqiq ld,fha Wkajykafia nexfldla k.rfhka msg;a h'
29
idld .=ydf jdih lsug fmr Wkajykafia hdno nqreuhg f.dia

W;=re ;dhs m%foaYfha hdx uhs m,d;hg meK miqj l ld,hla ,dia
ys kej;S Ndjkd lrka jx m%nxys isg" miqj ,sThs m%foaYfha nka fLdla
.f jia iQy' B<`. ji Bg kqka msys *d mq .=ydfh' B<`. ji *d
x .,a .=ydfh' f ishu m<d;a j,a i;=kaf.ka .yKh' .udk wE;ska
msysfhah' uq ojila .uka lr,;a .ula olskakg ke;' mdr jerfKd;a
th rd;S% ld,h ksod .kag jkafka fld j,iaiq bkakd lef,ah'
tla wjia:djl wdpdh uka fflx .`. yryd f.dia ,dia m%foaYfha
llrfha uy >k jkdka;rfha ,e`.
= .;af;ah' Yd, fnka.d,a fldfhla
ks;ru tu l=h wdikakg meKsfhah' yeuodu rd;s%hg wjq;a Wkajykafia ilauka Ndjkdj lrka Tfkdn hk foi n,d is' Tyq lsish
ydkshla lrkag ;ckhla ke;;a ka g f.drjhs' ta f w; wehs'
j,a i;=kag mqre neka Wkajykafia Tyq .ek ;elSula ke;' f ld,fha
Wkajykafia iu`. wdpdh is;d iqfh' Wkajykafia wdpdh ukag jvd
iq ld,hlska Wmimodfjka jeuy,a fj;s' wdpdh is;d Ndjkdfjka
w.% fjhs' fujeks >k jkdka;r ms%h l<y' l iys; f ,dTia m%foaYfha
jdih lrhs' l,d;=rlska ffldx .`. yryd ;dhs,ka;hg .sh;a blauKska
kej; ;u l=hg mefKa'
f ld,fha wdpdh uka iy wdpdh is;d kqka jdih l<y' fjku
.j,ska msKavmd; lr;a' tla /hla wdpdh is;d ilauka Ndjkdf isk
g Yd, fnx.d,a fldfhla iah' .ia w;ka W! x.d wjq;a ilauka
ud.fha wi, w 6la muK wE;ska is' bmkao folla ilauka ud.
fha fofldfka o,ajd we;' tneka fydka Wkajykafiaj fmfka' ilauk
ud.h foi n,df.k ksYap,j yshs' Wkajykafia ilauka lrk ye n,d
is' wdpdh is;dg h if;la bkakd nj kqKs' Wkajykafia ms,sir
ye ne g fldhd Wkajykafia foi n,d iskq gqfh' fl;r
f,d n,d isfhahs fkdokS' Wkajykafia lsis hla iella ke;sj f
Yd, uD.hd foi ney' Tyq f.j,a j, wrefudaiug ;nd we;s mqrjmq
fldfhla fuks' Wkajykafia lSm gla fldhd miq lrka ilauka l<y'
lsisu hla pls;hla ke;' tfy;a W! fndfyda f,d fufia yshs' Tyqg
wkqlmdfjka wdpdh is;d ;u is;s,s Tyq fj; hejQy' zzwehs fldfya
y f.dia wdydr fidhkafka ke;af;a @ wehs f ud foi n,d bkafkaZZ
CIKhlska fldhd lka fjk uyd Yohlska f.frfh' th le,h
;=< ksxkdo ks' f f.ru Tyqg hkag neye lSula hehs wdpdHh is;dg
30
uQ,sl wjh
jegfya' bkamiq Wkajykafia fjk;a hlg is;=y' zzuu tfia is;=f kqU
.ek wkqlmdfjka fu;r fj,d isk g nv.sks we;s WUg lgl=;a"
nvl=;a we;' tajd msrh hq;=h' wka ish i;=ka fuka' kuq;a kqUg nv.sks
ke;ak ud foi n,ka ishg lula keye' talg l ke;'
fldhd Wkajykafiaf.a fjkia jQ is;s,s .ek lsis m%;sls%hdjla
ke;' Tyq ta whqkau ilauka uj wi, yska n,d is' Wkajykafia
;u Ndjkdj lrka W! .ek fkd;ld ilauka l<y' fufia h ld,hla
ilauka lr Wkajykafia kqka we;s WKnnq j,ska iE ueiaig f.dia
fl .;ay' iQ;% iCOdhkd fldg yska Ndjkd l<y' f ish ld,h
;=< fldhd ta is ;eku is' Wkajykafia kskaog je whu 3g muK
wj ne g fldhd fmakakg ke;' Tyq fldfya .shdhs fkdokS'
Wkajykafia ilaufkys fhkdy' f isoah jQfha tlu j;djls' fldhd
kej; fmakag wdf ke;'
f isoah wdpdh is;dg m%fya,sldjla h' tneka ish ia;r
wdpdh uka iu`. mejiqfh' ;jo Wkajykafia Nh fkdjqjdg wef`.a u,a
fl,ska isfhah' ysia ln, .,a ;snf
q Ka hehs mdfmdPdrKh l<y' Tf
;o lema tlla oud ;snqKdla fuks' tfy;a blauKska ta .;sh my h'
bkamiq m%lD;s wkaoug ilauka l<y' Wkajykafiaf.a isf;a ie`. ishq
flf,ia we;s ksid f ;;a;ajh Wodh' th Wkajykafiagj;a fkdfka'
fldhd ta m<d;g kej;;a wdf ke;' tfy;a <`. my; f.drjk Yoh
weiqKs' Wkajykafia ta lsisjlska fkdmels, ;u Ndjkdj mqre whqka
lrka tysu jdih l< fial'
q
2
31
uOHu hq.h
uq,a ld,fha wdpdh uka OQ;dx. NsCIqjla jYfhka ie ieref
W;=re kef.kysr m%foaYfha kfLdka *fkd .fh' bkamiq ifldka kfLdka
iy Wfodka ;dys m%foaYhka miq lrka nqreuhg msiSh' tys h ld,hla
.; lr W;=f hdx - udhs m%foaYh yryd ;dhs,ka;hg meKshy' tys
l l,la jdih lr ,dia rgg f.dia ;u ;dmi h .; l<y' tys
wx m%nx .fuys iy miqj fhkahdfk .j, ieird f,db m%foaYhg
meKshy' f W;=re kef.kysr m<d;a Tiafia l%ufhka nexfldla k.rhg
meKsfhah' tys j me;=jka wdrdufha jia iQy' bkamiq ild .,a
.=ydf ,e`.= .;s' tys jir .Kkdjla iQy' bkamiq W;=re kef.kysr
m<d;g wdmiq meKsfhah'
fufia fndfyda ld,hla yqol,dj ieierefh' l,d;=rlska ;j NsCIqjla iu`. .sfhah' tfy;a th iaj,am ld,hlg iSudh' tneka NsCIQka
jykafia,df.a weiqrla fkdh' yqol,d .uka lsu jvd myiq h' ;ksju
;u rECI m%;sm;a;s wkq.ukh l<y' ld,hlg miq Ndjkd hqKqj;a iu`.
yojf;a ke.=Kq ohdj" wkqlmdj ksid NsCIQka jykafia,dg Wmfoia ug
Wkka h' tu lreKd" ffu;S%h fmr idld .,af,k yer W;=re
kef.kysr m%foaYhg .uka .;ay'
uq,a ld,fha ixpdrKh lrK g fuu m%foaYfha is h NsCIQka jykafia,d Wkajykafiaf.ka OQ;dx. luia:dk ,oy' tu m%foaYfha
fndfyda wdrKHjdiS NsCIQyq ishy' f wh fidhd f.dia Wkajykafiaf.a
Ou ud. m%;smodj b.ekaug uy;a ffOHhla .;ay' ta wkqj fndfyda
.sys me msi Wkajykafiaf.ka Wmfoia ,oy' fndfyda .sys msi uyK
32
ms<sfj;a mqrkakg jQy' iuyr W.;a wdpdHhje mjd ;u udkh r,d

Wkajykafiaf.a Wmfoia ,oy' ta whf.a Ndjkd je .sh neka jvd;a
id:l f,i wka whg b.ekajQy'
hH
f uq,a wjfha YsIHhska w;frka wdpdh iqjka NsCIqj ;dfnd

m%foaYfha j wrKHlj k wrf m%Odk NsCIqj h' wdpdh isx
Lka;hdLfud" kfLdka rpisud m%foaYfha j md i,jka wrf m%Odk NsCIqj h' wdpdh uyd msx m[a[Mf,d" kfLdka rpisudys j ioOr
wrf m%Odkshd h' f m%isoaO wdpdhjre uq,a ld,fha Wfndka rp;dks
m%foaYfha iQy' tu NsCIQyq wdpdh ukaf.a OQ;dx. m%;smod wkHhkag
b.ekajQy' wdpdHh isx iy wdpdh uyd isx ifydaorhkah' uyK ug
m%:u Wkajykafia,d ;s%msgl Ouh .eUqka yeoErEy' Wkajykafia,d
b;du nyqY%e; wdpdhjre jYfhka isg wdpdh ukaf.a YsIHhka jQy'
Wkajykafia,d iska fndfyda fokdg Ouh foaYkd lrka ud.fha
yeisrjQy' Wkajykafia,d kg j;=ka w;r ke;'
B<`. mrmrdf YsIHhka jQfha wdpdh f; f:irxis' Wkajykafia
kg fkdka Lhs m%foaYfha YS% hdxuhs rf j yska ula fmx wdrKHfha
jdih lr;s' Wkajykafia wdpdh ukaf.a jeys YsIHfhls' Wkajykafia
uq rfgysu wo b;du;a lS;su;a Ndjkd fhda.S NsCIqjls' b;du iqjp
ksy;udkS ry;a .=Kfhka fy olaI foaYlfhls' tu wdpdhjrekaf.a
.;s ,laIK yeis rgdj fjkia f' iuyr wdpdhjre b;du iqkS;
YsCIdld uyf;rjrekah' Wkajykafia,df.a weiqr ,enQ wka who tfiauh'
tfy;a iuyr wdpdhjrekaf.a ndysr wdl,m Wkajykafia,dg wdfKsl jQ
ksid wka whg tu p;h wkqlrKh l< fkdyelsh' fkdfhla g tu p;
,laIK wjfndaO lsug Ialrh' iuyreka WrK fjk wjia:d o we;'
wdpdh fj b;du iqkS; .;s mej;= we;s neka ish fokdu
wdor ie,ls,s olaj;s' fn!oaO NsCIQjls' .e,fmk .;s .=Kfhka hq;=f'
uf.a Yajdihg wkqj Wkajykafia wdpdh ukaf.a fY%aIaG;u YsIHhd f'
uu fndfyda l,a Wkajykafia weiqfrys isfh'
wdpdh *Eka wcdfrd j Wfod fidf*dka ys jdih lrhs'
Wkajykafia b;d Wiia wdpdhjrfhls' fu;a;d Ndjkdfjka w.%fj;s'
fndfyda whg Wo Wmldr lr;s' Wkajykafia uq rf iudkhg m;a
is;s'
B<`. Wiia wdpdhjrhd jkafka wdpdh L wkd,fhda NsCIqjhs'
uOHu hq.h
Wkajykafia Wfodka :dks m%foaYfha fkd nqwd , *q rf j g laf,dx

f*ka wdrKHfha jdih lr;s' fma%CIl Tn fuu w;s W;= wdpdhjrhd
.ek wid we;' Wkajykafiaf.a wjfndaOh yd ms<sfj;a b;du Wiia f'
wE; le,Eno m%foaYfha OQ;dx. luia:dk jrfhls' wjq' 82 jhfia miqjk
kuq;a ;ju;a tu W.% m%;sm;a;sj, fhfoa' Wkajykafiag mila lsug ;j
lsisjla ke;' tfy;a f W.% m%;sm;a;sfha fhfokafka ula ksidhs fndfyda
wh pdr;s' hful=f.a ish flf<ia re jQ g lsisu fudayhla" ue,slula
ke;' flf<ia iys; mqoa.,hd tjeks wluKH iajNdjfhka ishs' tjeks
wh M, ,nd .ekSu f;la Hh fkdlr;s' zzTjeks foa IalrheZZhs l,skau
m%;sfCIam lrK neKs'
Tjqka ,nd .;a fohla ke;' yoj; lkiai,af,ka miqfjhs' b;d
Hhfhka tl;= l< l=i,a lu ke;' tneka ta f w; whdf,a yeisr;s'
;u ysia ukfia we;af;a wkqkaf.a fodia mfrdia muKs' fufia fyhska
ue,slu hkq ;udf.a ish hqKqj jkid,k yoj; ;o lrK wl=i,hls'
f ue,slu wdh mqoa.,hka ;=< ke;' Wkajykafia,df.a W;aidyfhka
fk,d.;a M, wiS;h' tjeks whf.a yoj; Oufhka ms we;' f,dal
mQ; ug leue;a;la ke;;a f,dal mQ; u iajNdjhls' Wkajykafia,d
f,dalhdg lu wdoYhls'
by; i|yka l< fuu ishu wdpdhjreka ;=< wiS; .=K iuqodhla yojf;a ;ekam;a we;' th wk> ueKsla fuka nn<hs' tjeks
wdpdhjre uqK .eiSug ;r jdikdjka; wh mqudldr Ou wjfndaOhla
;=<ska wiS; ;Dma;shlg m;afj;s' tu i;=g iodl,a mj;S'
wdpdh ukaf.a f.da, YsIHhska mrmrd jYfhka we;' iuyre b;d
olaI .=rejrefj;s' Ndjkd n,fhka Yla;u
s ;a jQ Wkajykafiaf.a b.ekaf
olaI;djh b;d mqu M,jkakls' .=K" kqjK" is,aj;al j,ska wkQk jQ
Wkajykafia ud.M, ,nd .ekSf ms<f
s j;a luia:dk Wmfoia kay' rka
rgg hka fndfyda fofkl=g Ouh fnod kay' .sys me fndfyda fokd
;uka ,enQ f,dafld;a;r iem ksid Y%oaOd Nla;sfhka Wkajykafiag Wmydr
olaj;s' Wkajykafiaf.a jpk m%;HCI {dkfhka jod< neka fmd; m;ska
Wlyd .;af;a fkdf' wkqudk {dkfhka fkdf tneka ;udf.a yojf;a
ms we;s ksjk wkqkag;a m%;HCI lsug yelsh' Wkajykafia idld .,a
.=ydj w;ayefha yels ;r wk.s oyu f,dalhdg ugh'
39
OQ;dx. ms<sfj;a
;jqia ;h Tm ug jkafka OQ;dx. msfuka nj wdpdh uka
ksielj ms<s.kshs' tneka uq ; ld,h ;=< W.% ;mia /laflah'
tmuKla fkdj ;u Y%djlhskag tu ms<sfj;a msug Wmfoia ks'
msKsvmd; odkh msKsi km;d f.ka f.g jefial' h kl
fkdjefha tk ksrdydrj isugh' Wkajykafia msKsvmd; phdj
/lSug YsIHhskag mqyqKq l< fial' .uka lrk whla mdid i;sh
meje;aug" ;u is;" lh" jpkh ixjr lsu wjYH h' NsCIqj ms~q is`.
d hk g h wruqKq ksid wei" lK" kdih" j" Yrh" is; ixjr h
hq;=h' wyfnka jqjo yuq jQ wruqKq .ek kej; is;Sfuka je<lsh hq;=h'
i;sfhka ;u bh" jpk ls%hd is;s,s ms<sn| ksrka;rfhka wjOdkh
we;' th ;udf.a mdY=oah msKsi flfrk hq;=luls' ms~q is`.d hdug
fmr i;sh meje;au .ek wIaGdk .; hq;=f'
;u md;%hg nyd wdydr muKla je<u

h NsCIqjla ;udg iEfyk m%udKhg msKavmd;h l< hq;=h' th
o wmmspP;dfjks' tjeka myiqfjka ;Dma;su;a f' ;ud jemqr wdydr
wdrdufha je<u ksid fuu wmmspP;d .=Kfhka msfya' tjeks mqre
ksid ;udf.a ;Kayd" wdid mek k.S' tfyhska tu flf<ia Yla;su;a
;udf.a Ndjkd wruqKq wNjd is' ;udg ,enqKq wdydrfhka i;=gqu
ksid jemqr ri .=K fifuka jk fjfyi ke;' tjeks ri ;DIaKdfjka
fmf<kafka fma%; ksldhsl iFjfhdah' tfia ug fya;=j ;udf.a wl
;DIaKdj ksid l< mdm luj, mdl f' Tjqkag ;u lg nv msug
iEfyk wdydr fkd,ef' tneka j mek weoka ksrka;rfhka wdydr
fidh;s' tfyhska NsCIqj ;u ms<f
s j;a j,g jvd wdydrhg wjOdkh fkdh
hq;=h' ;u msKavmd; odkhg wu;rj fjk;a wdydr m%;sfCIam lsu ksid
isjkafka wdydr ms<sn| ;DIaKdj is hduhs' bka wdydr wfmalaIdj iy
fkd,eu ksid we;sh yels lkiai,a, ref'
klg tla f,la muKla wdydr .ekSu

f OQ;dx.h ksid Ndjkd lsug je ld,hla b;s f' ojfia lSm
40
uOHu hq.h
gla wdydr .ekSu ms<sn| is;s,s we;s fkdf' f wfmalaIdj wef;d;a

Ndjkdjg jvd wdydr ms<sn| is;a my<f' tg zzlaLZZ CIh lsug
fkdyelsh' tla f,la je<j;a wdydr m%udKh iS; h hq;=h' muKg
jvd wvqfjka je<h hq;=h' tg Ndjkd lsug myiqh' jemqr wdydr
.ekSu ksid ksu; we;s Ydl udkisl ue,s njla yg .kS' fufia
wdydr wvqfjka .ekSu ksid ;u Yrh ms<n
s | i;Hh jgyd .ekSug bjy,a
f' wdydr .ek ;Kaydj ref'
f Ou;dj f,dalfha mj;sk Ou;djh fuks' iudc IKh lrk
mqoa.,hska we;s g ksidg ;u Okh" whs;sh" ;h w;a md fyda wjhj
ke;s hd yelsh' tneka iudchg wys;lr mqoa.,hka gq ;ek tu
whg o~qj muqKqjd fu,a, lrKq ,ef' tfukau Ouhg mgyeks is;a
lmd yer fu,a, lrKq ,ef' iudchg wys;lr jk i;=ka j,a i;=ka h
wdldrfhka ;=rka lrkq we;' ier mreI i;=ka j,a W!rd" khs" fmdf<dx"
j,a w,s" fld wdho frda. fnda lrK Ic wdh o ksid kdY lrhs'
iudchg wys;lr yeis we;s mqoa.,hska h l%uhlska iudcfka neyer
lrhs' fkdfhla fnfy;a j,ska frda. uokh lrhs' OQ;dx. NsCIqj ;=<
wdydr reh fyda wka h h jer mqre ksid ;u .uka ud.h wjysr
f' tneka Wkajykafia b;du iqiq f,i j;a ug mqre h hq;=h' th
n,d isk whg o ;udg o Yd, wdYsjdohls' klg tla f,la je<u
b;du W; OQ;dx.hls' bka uki blauKska iud.; f' WoaOph fyj;a
is .sh is;a tl`. f'
;u md;%fhka muKla wdydr je<u

tk ;j hlsis WmlrK md fkdlsu' fuu OQ;dx.h b;d
myiqjkafka jkjdiS NsCIqj ks;r pdldf fhfok gh' ;u md;%h
muKla /f.k hhs' wkjYH nvq NdKav lsij
s la ke;' tajd m%fi lsula
ke;' ;jo th ;u ukfia we;s wkjYH is;s,s neyer lsula jeksh'
lsisu nrla ke;sj .uka lr;s' wdydr ish,a, l,j tlu md;%fha we;s
neka ;u wdydr l=ulahs uis,su;a h hq;=h' tg i;s m[a[df
msysghs' wdydr ms<sn| h:d ;;a;ajh olS'
wdpdh uka fuu OQ;dx.h uq ; ld,fhau wkq.ukh l<y'
th ;=<ska fYaI oiqka kqjK my< h' km;d wdydrh foi kqjKeiska
n,hs' tys ms<sl=, wdh fufkys lrhs' fuu ;jqia o Wkajykafia fkdlvjd /lafldah'
41
;u md;%fha we;s wdydr Y% tys meyeh" ,CIK fjkia tlu

wdldrfhla .kS' wdydr j<|k g ta fya;=fjka wdidj ;=kS lrhs' wdydrh .kafka ;u Yrh hemSug iEfyk m%udKfhks' fyg k jk f;la
th m%udKj;a f' tys iqj| fyda .| ksid ;u ksi fkdfjkia f' tys
ri.=K fkd;lhs' fufia fhdaksfida ukisldrfhka wdydr j<|k g lsk
wdydrhla jqjo ;Dma;su;a lrhs' is; uOHia: fokdjkg m;af' la
fokd" iem fokd ref' fuu mqyqKqj ksid ffoksl ;fha kEu
wruqKla ksid lmd fkd isug yelsf' tlu md;%fhka je<u ksid
wdydr ms<sn| we;s fkdukd reh myf'
bj; oud ;snQ fr len<sj,ska jr uid .ekSu

wdpdh uka uq ; ld,hlau fufia fr len<sj,ska idod .;a
jr refh' fuys woyi jQfha ,CIK we wef leue;a; re
lsuh' f ksid bj; uQ fr len<s fiug iqidk N+ wdhg hdug
ish' iuyr g uD; foayh t;+ fr ta kEhskaf.ka ,enqKs' fuu fr
fidaod tl;= lr len<sj,g lmd uid ;ksmg isjqr" fomg isjqr" w|kh"
kdk lvh wdh uid .ks;s' iuyr g msKavmd;fha jk g u oud
bj; uQ fr len,s tl;= lr .;s' tajd ldf.ahs ye`.Sula ke;' iuyr
g tajd breKq isjqre j,g wKav ug md lf<ah' Wkajykafiaf.
a m%;sm;a;s wjfndaO lr.;a iuyr odhlfhda fr len<s fidfydfka fyda
u`. fomi ou;s' tneka uq,ska i|yka l< m mrK is l< fr len<s
Nd;h fjkia jqKs' ta flfia jqj;a wjidk fudfyd; olajd fufia fr
len,s uid idod.;a isjqre rEy'
Wkajykafiaf.a wdl,amh jQfha NsCIqjla ;u ;h ilia lr.;
hq;af;a bj; ouk fr lvud fuka ksy;udkSjh' ;u iNdjkSNdjh
ksid Woaoduh jqjfyd;a th NsCIqjlf.a ienE .=Khg mgyeksh' ienE
.=Kh msyg
s kafka zzuu;ajhZZ bj; oud wia udkh re lsfuks' ;u udkh
i`.jdf.k isk g ;udg;a wkqkag;a iduh i;=g ke;' fujeks lvud
fr len<sj,ska Yrh jid .kafka ;u udkh re lsugh'
;ud mqre mqyqKq lrk .=K" kqjK ksid udkhg m;a jQ g th
ydkslrh' ;u .=K kqjK w;ka Nhdkl lvq" ls mek ke.sh yelsh'
tneka ;ud islr uQ lvud,a,la fuka i<ld th ;udf.a mqreoaola
njg m;a l< hq;=h' tg th ;u p;h njg m;af' hful=f.a kskaod"
42
uOHu hq.h
m%Yxidfjka fkdfi,af' wkqkaf.a fpkfhka fkdfi,af' tjeks ia:djr

Ndjhla ksid iEu fudfydf;au i;=ka l,ahjhs' wdpdHh ukaf.a iar
ms<s.ekSu jQfha tjeks fr len<s j,ska ueiQ isjqr ;u udkh relrK
njls' ;u is; ;=< .eUqf ie`. isk wi udkh re lsug th
bjy,a f'
jkjdiS ;h
jkfha yqol,d ;fha jeo.;alu wjfndaOlr .;a Wkajykafia
OQ;dx. /lSug uq,k
s u
a Wkka h' jkfha j;ajk g ks;ru fidaisfhka
ish hq;=h' th ksrka;rfhka i;s iud mQrKhg bjy,a f' yoj;a mqu
ksoyila we;' lsisu f,dalhg wh;a j.lSula ke;' ks;ru ukisldrh
jkafka zzlZZ blauuh' ;u isf;a ksoyi iy wjg mirfha Nh ksid
fjk wruqKq lrd is; fkdhhs' ldu" fldam yg .ekSug mirhla ke;'
;ud leue;af;kau fuu mirh f;dardf.k we;' ;u flf<ia fujeks
mirfhka ke.S fkdtk neka ;ud fkka ku hqKqfjk njla tu NsCIQka jykafia,dg fka' ,dN" w,dN wd wIag f,dal Ou ke;' BIHhd"
udkdh yg .ekSug mirhla ke;' tneka Ndjkd lsug b;d iqiq
mirhls'
tu le,E mirhg mqre jQ g Il=re i;=ka j,a i;=ka flfrys;a
wysxil i;=ka flfrys;a ukd lreKdjla yg.kS' f ishu i;a;j
a hkaf.a
l ykd .ksh's Wmam;a;h
s " f,v frda." rdm;au" urKh" ij idOdrK
nj fyd|dldr ;u w;alSfuka jegfya' ukqIHhd f i;=kaf.ka fjkia
jkafka l=i,a wl=i,a f;dard .; yels neKs' fufia fyd| krl fkdo;a
ksid ;sika i;=ka fuks' wms Tjqkag ;sika i;=ka hehs kduh fhj;a
ksia j.hd;a hlsis i;aj j.hls' ksid i;=kag wj{d l<;a i;=ka
flfia ksidg wjd{d lr;ahs wms fkdoksuq' Tjqka wmg zzNhdkl
hCIhkaZZ hehs k fhdod weoao @ t;r idyisl wkaoka i;=ka >d;kh
lr;s' uia msKsi" fkdaoh msKsi i;=ka ;CIhg m;a lr;s' Tjqkaf.a
jk mirh kdY lr;s' wms Tjqkag i<lkafka b;du lDDr f,ih' ksiaiq ;u ;uka w;ro wek fldg .ks;s' urd .ks;s' i;=ka o ur;s' i;a;=
ks;ru ksidg h fj;a' iel h my< lr;a' ;udf.a is;s,s ms<sn|
fyd|dldr wjfndaOhla we;s jkafka jkjdiS ;fhka nj wdpdh ukaf.a
ks.ukhhs' ndysr f,dalfha we;s ienE ;;a;j
a h olskf
a ka jk.; iajdNdl
43
mirfhah' la ke;s lsug Ndjkd lsug Hh jeug fuu mirh

fndfyda Wmldr f'
wdpdh uka ilauka Ndjkd lrK g j,a W!frda rxpq mska t;s'
tfy;a lsisu h iel ke;sj Wkaf.a wdydr fidhka ta f w; h;a'
Wkajykafia iy wks;a ysiqKq ksiqka w;r we;s fjki Tjqka oks;s hehs
Wkajykafia kla m%ldY l<y' tneka hm;a jkafka ke;'
uu ka fuu l:dfjka lla kj;ajd uf.a w;alS ms<sn| lsh'
j,a W!frda Wkajykafiag h ke;af;a Wkajykafia ;ksj yeisfrk neka
hehs iuyr g Tng is;sh yelsh' tfy;a th tfia fkdf' uf.a wdrduh
jQ j md Ldka gd ys uq,a ld,fha fndfyda NsCIQka jykafia,d jev iQy'
j,a W!frda .d,la fuu wrug meK jdih l<y' Wkajykafia,df.a l=
wi,g mefK;s' ilauka lrK g ta f w; h;s' Tjqkaf.a kdifhka
Yo k.d f.drj;s' tl tldg ix{d lr;s' NsCIQka jykafia,d j,a
W!rka n,kag tkak hehs Yo k.d lSj;a Tjqka lsis nhla iella ke;sj
ks,af,a h;s' miqj NsCIQka jykafia,dg yS,E h' tfy;a wo tu i;=ka
ke;' wdpdh uka lshk m ksiqka keu;s Nhdkl hCIhska Tjqka urd
uia NCIKh lr we;'
wdpdh ukaf.a w;alS wkqj iEu j.fhau i;=ka jk fikiqkg
meK ks,af,a yeisreKy' Tjqkg
a th ksNh ia:dkhls' NsCIQka jykafia,d
isk fikiqfka fndfyda i;a;= is;s' k.rno fikiqka j, n,af,da is;s'
Tjqka ish .Kka ish;a Wkajykafia,df.ka lsisu ;ckhla ke;' f
WodyrKh Oufha we;s wysxidj" iduh oyd olajhs' Ouh f,dalfha
lsisfjl=g ydkslr fkdf' tfy;a Iag yssxidjdohg fkd.e,fma'
jkfha jdih lsu ;u Ou;djh hqKq lsug b;du;a iqiq nj
wdpdh ukaf.a ms<s.ekSuhs' th l blauhdf m%;sm;a;shg bjy,a f'
tfyhska nqrcdKka jykafia NsCIQkag jod<y' zzhkak" le,Ej," .ia uq,a
j, ksy~ mirhlgZZ - wdpdh ukaf.a uq ;hu wdr[a[jdiS h'
le,Ef yqol,dj isk g ;ud fl;r wdrlaId rys; o hkak fka'
tl fudfyd;la i;s imc[a[fhka f;drj ish fkdyel' ks;ru ;ud
.ek" mirh .ek wjOdkhla we;' fksid Ouh wjfndaO f'
rela uq,aj, jdih lsu' hkq OQ;dx.hls' th jkjdiS u fuks' tla
kla .ia uq,l Ndjkd lrk g ;u is; f,dalfhka blau .sfha hehs
wdpdh uka mejiSh' f ms<sn|j miqj idlPd f' .ia fijfkys jdih
44
uOHu hq.h
lsu ksid ;udf.a ;h ms<n

s | ienE ;;a;j
a h jegfya' ;u isf;a we;sjk
flf<ia h:d ;;a;ajfhka fmfka' i;r i;smGdkh jef' rEm" fokd"
;a;" Ou hk Ouhkao" laL" iuqoh" ksfrdaO" ud. hk p;=rdHh
i;Hho ukdj m%;HCI f' f Ouhka isf;a mj;sk g isf;a we;s
flf<ia j,g ji`. fkdf' is; wdrlaId f' jkfha we;s ksy~" Nhdkl
mirh ksid is; ta f w; is fkdhhs' tfyhska i;r i;smGdkfha
iy p;=rdHh i;Hfha is; t,an .kS' fufia jQ g flf<ia hgm;a f'
hful=g f Ouh wjfndaO lsug wjYH k ;udg iqiq luia:dkhla
f.k Hh jeug iqiq mirhla ,nd .; hq;=hs' nqoaO ld,fha isg
relauq,a j, jdih lsu b;du iqiq mirhls'
iqidkfha isu - fuu Oq;dx.h /lSu ksid .sys me ldg;a ;uka
fkduefrk mqoa.,fhla fuka ;u jev lghq;= meyer yeug fyda w;miq
lsug fkdyelsf' i;Hh k wms yeu fudfydf;au uefrka isk
njhs' g by; is who l%ufhka ue ue f.dia wjidkfha Yrfha
ishu ffY, kej; kQmk f,i m%lD;s urKhg f.dre h' ta wh
ue kej; wka ;ekl bm kej; uef' tlu iqidkhl ta wh kej;
N+odkh fkdfj;a' tfia jqjfyd;a iqidkh bv uh' fuf,dj lsisfjl=g
fuu urKfhka ksoyia h fkdyelsh'
wms iqidkhg f.dia fuu mdvu bf.k .; hq;af;uq' fuys wmf.
a wkka; uq;=ka ;af;da N+u odkh l<y' wm iudkj ta wh;a Wm;" u"
f,v frda." urKhg meK we;' wm ks;r is;sh hq;af;a kej; kej;;a
wm Wm;" u" f,v frda." urKhg mefKk njh' NsCIQka jykafia,d
fuu ixidl meje;afuka blaujd hk neka iqidkh fuu iajNdjh
fufkys lsug b;d jeo.;a mirhls' wm fkdfhla i;a;aj udxY
NCIKh lrk g wmf.a Yrh i;ajhskaf.a iqidkh f' i;a;aj udxY
Whk uq;ekaf.h iqidk N+hls' kuq;a wms th tfia olskafka ke;' tfia
.;a i;a;aj Yr wm Yrhg rKh h;s' rd h;s' th .Kkska .Kka
lsug fkdyelsh' fufia i;H foi .eUqfrka olsk g iajNdj Oufha
oreKq fYdaldl+, Ndjh olskq we;'
fufia ndys iqidkh fyda ;u Yrfha wNHka;r iqidkh foi ks;r
n,k g ;udf.a fh!jk uoh ref' j;a u ksid Ok" OdkH ksid
fkdfhla foa ksid we;sjk udkh ref' fuu i;Hh olsk g zzuuZZ uf.a
hk wi udkh wvqf' ;ukaf.a w.=K j,l olska thska bj;af'
wkqkaf.a w.=K j,l .ek l,lsfrkafka ke;' wkqkag wmydi fk-
45
dlrhs'
f ms<sn| Ndjkd ukisldrh ksid ;h urKh .ek fyd|
wjfndaOhla ,ef' tg wkqka fk fkdlrhs' wkqkaf.a jro olsk
.;sh ksid ;=< we;s udkisl frda.hls' tu frda. ldrl I c uokh
lrkjdg jvd j.d lr;s'
iqidkh hkq ish fokdu hk ;ekhs' uq f,dalfha ish fokd
yuqfjk ;ekls' urKh blauu hkq iq mgq fohla fkdf' nqoaOd
ry;ka jykafia,d muKla urKh blaujQy' fuu uyd ls%hdj is lsug
Wkajykafia,d Yd,;u Yaj oHd,fha bf.k .;ay' Ih ksfoaYh jQfha
Wm;" u" f,v frda. yd urKhhs' fuu mdv ud,dj id:l bf.kSfuka
miq urKh blauh' udrhdf.a u<mqvqjg yiqfkdh' tfy;a fndfyda wh
udrhd ;u whi ish;a urKh .ek fkd;ld wu;l lr;s'
urKh .ek h ke;s lsug iqidkh lu ;ekls' f f,dalfha
we;s b;du Nhdkl foh urKhhs' f urK Nhska ;e;s fkd.kafka
nqoaOd ry;ka jykafia,dhs' f uyd l%uh Wkajykafia,d f,dj ish
fokd u; lrka mEy' ;ukau th lrka wkqkag;a urKh blaujk
ie;a fkdhj isk ie;a fmkajd kay' tu ls%hdj,sh ish fokdgu
wkq.ukh l< yelsh' tfy;a wka;su yqiau fy<k f;la fkdisg l,skau
tu Yaj oHd,hg msi tu mdGud,dj yeoEh hq;=hs' is,a /lSu" l=i,
lsu" Ndjkd lsu wd oE we;=<;a fuu mdGud,dj wjidk fudfydf;a
l< fkdyel'
wdpdh uka iqidk N+hg hdug wu;l fkdl<y' ;ud foi
ne,Sug f mirh b;d jeo.;a f' Wkajykafia fufia ndysr iqidkh
iy wNHka;r iqidkh ks;r ne,Sug .shy' tu wOHhkh mQK l<y'
tfy;a tla NsCIqjla iqidkfha wukqIH wj;dr l n,j;a f,i h m;a
h' fuu oYkfhka idudkHfhka NsCIQka jykafi,d h m;a fkdfj;s'
wj;dr ms<sn| NsCIqjlf.a NS;sh

tla NsCIqjla jkfha ie irka ;udg iSug iqiq N+hla fidhd
.;s' th iqidk N+hg hdno nj Wkajykafia fkdk ishy' fuu l:
d mqj; wdpdh ukaf.ka wid k .;suq' ;udg kqyqre m%foaYhla neka
.f ksik
q f
a .ka wid fuys kej;=k's tk rd;s%h lsis hla ke;sj miqjK
q 's
miq k .f ksiaiq u< isrerla Tijdf.k hkq gqfh' Wkajykafiaf.a
46
uOHu hq.h
l=h wi, tu ud;D Yrh wdodyk fldg .shy' Wkajykafiag ? uq

q ,af,a
ofjka ;snqK u< isrer iah' uD; foayh oelSfukq;a pls;hlg m;a
jQ ksid ? .; lsug h h' ka hdug ;ekla ke;' u< isrer oefjk
foi n,d isfhah' bka uyd hla yg .;s' ? fjk g yqiau .kagj;a
fkdyelsh'
NsCIqjla wj;dr j,ska h .ekSu hkq wkqlmd l< hq;= fohls'
fuu mqj;a .ek ,shkafka fma%CIl Tng fujeks wjia:djlg uqyqK fok
g we;sjk udkisl lD;sh k bka mdvula bf.kSu msKsih'
yqol,dj is Wkajykafiag f h ksid Ndjkd l< fkdyel' weia
mshd.;a .i wj;dr .Kkdjla ;uka foi tkq fmfka' ka Wkajykafia
jglr f.k f msi is' Wkajykafia Nhska ;%ia; jQy'
Wkajykafia uyK fumuK l,la fujeks foa l ke;' f k
udhdld isf;a iajNdjhlao@ uf.a ukiska ujd.;a rEmo @
OQ;dx. rlsk NsCIqj urK Nhska fyda wj;dr j,ska ;e;s .kafka
ke;' tneka fufia is;kakg h' zzksNh OQ;dx. NsCIqj ish fokdu
w.h lr;s' tfy;a uu ka wj;dr ksid hg m;afj' uu imQK
Nhska jegqKq wiud:Hfhls' uu uyK jQfha fyd,auka wj;dr j,g Nhska
isugo @ uu Oq;dx. NsCIqkag kskaodjls' wm ksNh hehs ksiaiq rjgkafkao @ ksiqka is;kafka wm flf<ia udrhka ch .kakd r mqreIhka
lshdh' h rel, wh f,ih' fuhg bv fokafka wehs @
fufia ;ukag wjjdo lrka ;ukaf.a j,lu olska h blaug
wIaGdk fldg thg uqyqK ug is;=fh' uD; foayh fjka we;' tys
hd hq;= hehs Wkajykafia is;=y' isjqre ye| fmdrjd ta foig .uka .;s'
w lSmhlg miq ll=,a .,a .eiqKs' t;ku isfhah' fi,ugj;a neh'
yojf;a .eiau wlh' odh .,d hhs' f wjia:df lrkag fohla ke;'
uq Hh fhdod tl ll=,la Tijd bfhys ;eh' wks;a ll=,;a Tijd
b;d isys nqoah we;sj wh ;nd ;u Yrh tfoig .uka lrh' urK
fhka uq .; fj,d hhs' th kj;ajd .; fkdyel' tfy;a bhg
.uka lf<ah'
47
b;du lfia" fjk ud;D foayh <`.g meKqks' kuq;a bka lsisu
iekiqula ke;' l,dka; .;shla we;' Nhska T,audo lr lshd.kag
lsisjla ke;=j tu fjk ud;D foayh foi nefh' ysia ln, iq
meyehla ;snqks' th l ;j;a l,dka; h' fumuK h we;;a t;ek
jd Ndjkd lrkag mgka .;s' u< Ksh Wkajykafiaf.a wruqK h'
Nhska ;%ia; jQ is;ska fufia lSfh' zzuu uefrkak hkjd' f u< ksh
jf.a uefrkjd' Nh fjkag fohla keye' uu uefrkjd' ljod y uefrkjd' Nh jevla keye'ZZ
fufia Nhxldr jQ is; uev mj;ajd .ekSug fuu Ndjkdj fufkys
l<y' u< hl=ka wj;dr isysm;a f' ta fudfydf;au h Yohla miq
miska weiqKs' hfula tk w Yohls' Yoh kej;=Ks' kej; mgka .;s'
fyysg tk Yohls' l=reudk lr miq miska wjq;a tljru ;uka fj;
mks;s' NS;sh yd uk# l,ams;h' fl;ro hkq lsh fkdyelsh' f.fhka
Wv mek j hkag f' lE .id ,dm lshd zzwj;dr hlal=ZZ $$$ tfy;a
l:d lrkag neh' jkag neh' ;u is; foi n,ka ksYap,j ishy'
uy;a iakdhq lmkhlska Yoh wid ishy' w Yoh <`. <`. wefia'
hdr fol ;=klg ka kej;=K's jk is; n,j;a f' tg fjk;a Yohla
weiqKs' ymd ymd lk Yohls' zzl+ria" l+riaZZ lk Yohls' ta jk g
uki lD;s h' fudkjo f lkafka @ B<`.g uf.a Tj ym ymd ld'
uyd Nhdkl fr! hld mek ud ld oud' uu bjrhs'
fufia is;ka" isug fldfy;au fkdyels h' weia wer n,kag
is;=Ks' Nhdkl fohla k jkag fka' f hld lkl bkafka fudlgo@
urKfhka ffr' uf.a Ndjkdj lr .ekSug fmr ;h frd .;
hq;=hs' f hldg uf.a ;h msfuka w;s jef l=ulao @ fufia is;d weia
wer msgqmi Yoh foi nefh' f.fhka mek .ekSug ka iQodkh'
wkaOldrfha n,d isfhah' tys .f iqkLfhls' ksiaiq ld ;enQ wdydr
lk nj gqfh' hlal=kag ka msfoaks fj;s' nv .skafka is iqkLhd wdydr
fidhka we;a fuh lkag jqKs' ;uka tys ysu .ek lsis j.la ke;' W!
lEu lk Yoh weiqKs'
f Yoh iqkLhdf.a nj kqk iefklska tu NsCIqkajykafia iskdiqk's iqkLhd foi n,ka fufia lSfh' iqkLhd f lsij
s la fkdk wdydr
nq' zzyd WUo f ud h .ekajQ uyd hld @ WU ud Wu;= flf<ys' uu
;hg jeo.;a mdvula bf.k .;s'ZZ f wdh lshka ;ud fl;r
h iq,af,lao @ fudavfhlao hkak .ek uy;a mquhlg m;ajqKs' uu uy;a
48
uOHu hq.h
W;aidyhla orka hqo jk finf<la fuks' uf.a h re lrkag is;=fj'

tfy;a ud fhka uQPd ug m;a jQfha f iqkLhd wdydr nqk Yofhks'
msiaiq OQ;dx. NsCIqjla mK tmd lshka ug fjrrEy ud ta wjidk
fudfyd;" ;;amrh bjid i;s" m[a[dfjka f Nh l=ulahs ykd .;s'
ke;ak ud jka msiaiq jefgkag ;snqKs' yenEgu ud fu;r fnd<|o
@ ;j bhg f jrh ug iqiafilao@ f lymdg jrh ksNh
f ixfla;hhs' nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a Y%djlfhla jQ uf.a ksNS; Ndjh
wiS; h hq;= fkdfo @ fu;r n, is;la we;s ud ms~q is`.d je<u
iqiqo @ wysxil odhlfhda Y%oaOdfjka yd .re nqyqukska fok f odkh
ud je<h hq;=o @ fu;r ,s ,ecd ke;s fha h iq,af,la jQ uu
flfia f jrka foo @ we;af;kau nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a fjk lsisu
Y%djlfhla f ;r h iq fkdf' ud jeks j, ksySk mqoa.,fhla
ksid uq ix> idikh wfYdaNk we;' f jeks ;j;a wh we;ak ix>
Ydikh kdY jkafkah' wj;dr .ek ud ;=< we;s h re lrkafka flfiao
@ uf.a ,ecdf ksula ke;' tlaflda wj;dr .ek we;s h f fudfydf;a
ke;s lrkq ke;ak uefrkq ka u;= uf.a yoj; md.d ug wj;dr
j,g bv ke;' ;ukag fu;r ,ecd lr .kakd NsCIqjla f f,dalfha
isu hq;= ke;' ;u Ouhg" wd.ug ud uy;a ,ecdjls'
fufia ;ukag f,i fodaIdfrdamKh lrka .re .dNSr f,i
Ndr jqKs' fmdfrdka jqKs' zzuu f wj;dr j,g we;s Nh re lr .kakd
;=re f wdrKHfha jdih lr' uereK;a lula keye' f h ke;s lr
.kag fkdyels k f ,ecdj ka isfuka l ke;' wka who uf.a
krl wdoYh wkq.ukh lr;s' tjekafkdao lsis jevla ke;s ksluqka fj;s'
tjekafkda Ydikhg nrls'
wka;sf Wkajykafia f iqidk N+fha ? oj,a fofla jdih
lrka ;u h ke;s lr .ekSug ;SrKh l<y' ;ud bfha we;s u<
Ksh foi ;SCIKj n,ka ;udf.a Yrh;a tn nj jgyd .;ay' i;r
uyd N+;hkaf.ka ie ,;a isrerls' [a[dKh w;s ;dla l,a f isrer
fkdue" l=Kq fkd mj;S' th my jQ g if;l= fyda fjd ksfil= fyda
fjd l=Kqfj;s' le fjka h;s' u<l=Kla njg m;afj;s'
;ud iqkLfhla ksid fu;r hlg m;a jQ nj ksielh' th is;d
.ekSug j;a Ialrh' ka u;= wj;dr .ek fkdis;' fyd,auka j,ska h
fkdfj' ;udf.a is; ;ud /jgQ nj meye,sh' fujeks uq,djla ksid
l wm%udKh' . iqkLfhla wdydr nqk g fu;r hla we;sjkafka
49
flfiao @ ;h;a urKh;a w;r igkla jQfha fkdfo @

Wkajykafia fufia is;+y'
zzix{dj ieuod ls%hd;aul jQ kuq;a f wjfha ix{dj uy;a
le<ulg kdYhlg ud m;a lf<ah' Ouhg wkqj ix{dj hkq m%n,
uq,djls' udhdjls' tfy;a f;dla th jegyqfKa ke;' ka uf.a urKfha
.kaOh ug u fka' f ldrKh f;are hhso @ ud fyd,auka j,g ;snQ
Nh o ix{df /j,a,ls' ka u;=jg ix{dj ud rjgkafka ke;' uu
f iqidkfha iska ix{dj keu;s cdldrhd urd fuysu j<,' ka
u;=jg fyd,auka ix{dj ug la fkdfoa' tf;la fuys / is' ka uf.a
jdrh meK we;' ix{dj keue;s udhdld /j,sldrhd urd mqiaid
ug ug yelsf' fuys mej;s l=Kq jQ Ksh mqiaid oukakd fia th
mqiai' ix{df h l+gq udhdj uu ch .ks' uf.a ;fha ka
we;s tlu wruqK thhs'
f NsCIqj ix{dj iu`. igka j' wj;drfhla we;ehs ix{dj ,enQ
.i ta Ydjg f.dia mlaId lrhs' rd;s% ld,fha fkdksod f udhdldrhd
miq mi t,h' wka;f
s ix{dj j, ;uka hg;a lsug fkdyels h'
ijia hdufha f wj;dr ix{dj ;ukag jo Ks' th .f n,af,l=f.a
fYfhka wdfh f ndysr ix{dj fufia uokh lr wNHka;r ix{dj
wruqKq lf<ah' tk Nh" iel" l wd flf<iah' rd;s% mqrd fuu ix{djka
wkd f.k fufkys l<y' hlsis hla iella" lla wd .i tu ix{dj
ykd f.k m<d y;s' wjidkfha Wkajykafia b;du;a ksNS; NsCIqjla
njg mj;kh jQy' th Ya; fohls' fuu isoah Wkajykafiaf.a uq
Ou ud.h hqKq lsug Yd, f,i n,mEfh' fyd,auka j,g ;snQ h
Ou mdvuls' th ksjka msKsiu h'
ud f l:dj we;=<;a lf<a mdGl Tn h jkd m%{djla ,nd .ks;s
hk woyisks' wpdHh ukaf.a ; m%jD;a;sh o Tng fndfyda Wmldr
f hehs uu is;' fuu l:df i|yka jQ m OQ;dx. NsCIqjlf.a tla
phdjla k fufia iqidkfha iSuhs'
;s%jrfhka isu ;j;a OQ;dx.hls' tk ;=ka isjqr myrKh
lsuhs' wdpdHh uka f wx.h uyK Wmimodf isg jhia.; urKh
olajd ms<smeoafoah' ta ld,fha OQ;dx. NsCIQka tlu ia:dkhl fkdishy'
jia ld,fha muKla ;=ka uila tla ;ekl is' wks;a ld,j, l" fy,a"
le,E" jkfrdo miq lrka pdldf j;s' md .ukska j;s' ;u nvq
50
uOHu hq.h
ndysrdh ;uka f.k hd hq;=h' wka whf.ka wOdr fkd,n;s' tneka

wju m%udKfha nvq f.k h;s' b;d wjYH foa muKls' ld,hla .; jk
g Bg yqre mqre b;d ir, hla .; lsu ;u p;h njg m;af'
h fohla ,enqfKd;a th wkjYH k blauKska th ;j NsCIqjlg fohs'
nyq NdKav myrKhla ke;'
OQ ; dx. Ns C Iq j lf.a w,xldrh fuu w,a f ma P ; rgdjhs '
Wkajykafia wmj;a jk g wIag mIaldr muKla b;s f' th Wkajykafiaf.a YsIg
a ;fha ,CIKhls' ; ld,fha <s iajNdjfhka YsIg
a
f' urKfha lsisu whs;sjdislula ke;sj hhs' fohka iy ksiqka fuu
Oq;dx. NsCIqjf.a W;= .=Khkag mQcd Wmydr lr;s' f.!rj lr;s' ;=ka
isjqfrka hemSu hkq ;jqia hls' th Wkajykfia ixfla;j;a jk ks,
,dxPkh f'
by; i|yka ishu Oq;dx. wdpdh uka b;d olaI f,i wdrlaId
lf<ah' Wkajykafia fl;r olaI jQfhao hkq" tjeks lsisfjla wo f,dalfha
oHudk fkdfj;shs iss;sh yelsh' ;u wkq.dlhskag o fufia w;s Ialr
le,Ej, jdih lsug mqre lf<ah' fYaIfhka yqol,dj h bmoug
bjy,a jk mirhl j;a jqKs' WodyrK uyd l uqkaj," .ia hg"
.,a .=ydj," iqidkfha" l nEjq wdh jdiia:dk h' km;d ms~q is`.d
jeu jeo.;a Ou;djhls' ms~q is`.d i fjk wka lsis wdydr .ekSfuka
je<lS ishy' f m%;sm;a;sh .f ksiaiq f;are .;a g ishu wdydr
md;%hg fno;s' w;sfl wdydr wimqjg f.k hdula ke;' Wkajykafia tu
wdydr tlg l,j lr wkqNj lsug Wmfoia ks' ;u md;%h yer wka
Ndckhlska wdydr je<ula ke;' ;jo ;dka;h olajd ojig tlu
wdydr f,la .ekSug ;u wkq.dlhka yd Wkajykafia mqre l<y' fuh
;dka;h olajd /lal Oq;dx. f' l%u l%ufhka ;u ixpdrK fCIa;%h
mq,a h' wdpdh uka W;=re kef.kysr m%foaYfha fnfyka .uka l<y'
iEu ;eklu wkq.dlfhda tla frdla fj;s' NsCIQka jykafia,d wl
ixLHdjla Wkajykafia jev isk ;ekg meK Wmfoia ,nka Ndjkd
fhda.S jQy' ;djld,sl l=j, ix>hd 60-70 kula fjfi;s' ;j fndfyda wh
wjg m%foaYfha ,e`.= .;s' wdpdHh uka ;u YsIHh NsCIQka tlsfkldg
wE;ska jdih lsug Wkka lf<ah' tfy;a wjYH jQ g Wkajykafia lrd
taug r fkdf' ks;ru Ndjkd Wmfoia msKsi Wkajykafia,d mefK;s'
f ixOdkh ish,a,kagu iekiq odhl h' fndfyda NsCIQka tlu ia:
dkfha iSu Ndjkdjg m<sfrdaOhls'
51
Wfmdi: khkays fmdfydh lsug wjg isk ishu NsCIQka

jykafia,d Wkajykafia f.a wimqjg mefK;s' fmdfydh lsfuka miq
Wkajykafia Ouh foaYkd lr;s' NsCIQka jykafia,df.a m%Yak" .eg"
ksrdlrKh lr;s' ieuf.a ish iel h re lr;s' iefjdu uy;a fia
i;=gg m;afj;s' bkamiq ;u ;ukf.a l=j,g kslu
a h;s' OudkqYdikdfjka
miq Ndjkd luia:dk ;j ;j;a id:l h' Ndjkdj m%fndaOu;a h'
fndfyda NsCIqka jykfia,d ish;a Wkajykafiaf.a m%;sm;a;s wkq.
ukh lrK neka lsis .egqula fkdh' ;u ;ukaf.a uqla;sh msKsi
iefjdu jevQy' Wkajykafiaf.a wkqYdikd m iduQysl iu.s" ix>hd
;Dma;su;a h' lsisfjla fuu wdrKHfha fjfi;a hs fkdfka' ;u
;ukaf.a ldHh Ndrfha iefjdu yqol,dj jdih lr;a' mirh ksy~h"
ysiah' odkh msKsi msKavmd; ld,fha fyda h foaYkhla ksid muKla
NsCIQka olskakg ,ef' iEu NsCIqjlau oji mqrd uyd jkdka;rhg msi
ilauka Ndjkdf fyda noaO mhH_hxlfha fyda Ndjkdf ksr; f' fuh ?
oj,a fkdlvjd isf' iji ? fnda jk g wdpdh uka ishu NsCIQka
jykafia,d le|jd Ouh foaYkd lr;s' tys ksy~;djh mquhls' wdpdh
uka f.a l:d Yoh muKs wka lsis Yohla ke;' ta foaYkd ffY,Sh
wdlYkSh f' iuyrg l" .d:d iajrEmhls' wid is wh iud .;
f' ;ud bkafka fldfyahs fkdoks;s' la" fokd Ydl wdndO lsisjla
ke;' Ou foaYkd t;r meye,sh' is; w,jd .;s' Ouh wikjd i
fjk lsis is;la my< fkdf' fl;r weiqj;a ;Dma;su;a fkdf' th
t;r iem kaokhls' fuu foaYkd meh .Kka .g meje;af'
f OQ;dx. NsCIQka jykafia,dg Ou Y%jK Ndjkls' ;u wdpdh
jrhdg wiS; Nla;shla we;' Wkajykafiaf.a mrf;df>dai m%;Hh b;d
w.h lr;s' Wkajykafiaf.a ;on, fpk kS;s' wjjdo" fodia" mfrdia
ish,a,u tu NsCIQka jykafia,dg Ndjkd lugykls' th j rerhls' ;u
f.!rj Nla;sh wiS;h' ; mQcdfjka ms<s.ks;s' nqoaO ld,fha wdkkao
yshkaf.a p;h fuks' Wkajykafia u;a tk yia;srdchd bhg mek
nqrcdKka jykafia wdrlaId lf<a ;u ; mQcdfjks' ;u .=re f.!rjh
ksid msug iu;a fj;s
OQ;dx. NsCIqjla wdpdh ukaf.a foaYkd b;d idjOdkj wid
isfha ordf.k" ls%hd;aul lr;s' tla NsCIqjlg hlsis .,a .=ydjlg
hkag Wkajykafia ksfhda. l< g th ysia uqKska ms<s.kafka ;u hqKqj
taldka;fhka ie,fik nj okakd neks' lsisfjla Wkajykafiaf.a jpkhg
52
uOHu hq.h
wlSlre jkaka ke;' th ta wdldrfhka lsug h ke;' ;udf.a wdrlaIdj

.ek fkdis;;s' th wdYsjdohla f,i ms<s .ks;s' ish wjjdo i;=ka
ms<s.ks;a' h ia:dkhlg hdu ;udf.a ch.%yKh f,i i<l;s' wdpdh
uka lshk ia:dkhg hdu ksid ;udg ksjka idlaId;a l< yels fhehs oks;s'
nqrcdKka jykafia wdkkao yshkag ;j ;=ka uilska Tn ish flf<ia
re lr W;= wy;ajhg mefKk njg wkd.; jelshla m%ldY lr
we;' .=re Nla;sh ksid ;u Ndjkd ukisldrh ms<sn| lsis ielhla ke;s
f' Ndjkdj Wkka lrhs' iar f,i r|jd ;ekam;a lrhs' .=rejrhd
iu`. im inkaOhla we;s lrhs' tlu foh fo;=ka gla lSfuka fjfyi
fkdf' tla gla lSu iEfya'
W;=re kef.kysr n,d wdpdh uka fofjks j;djg hdu ta m<df;a
ish fokdg uy;a Nd.Hhla h' Wkajykafia fndfyda fihska md .ukska
.uka lrka foaYkd meje;a jQy' kfldka" rPisud" iS ifl;a" Wfndk
rP;dks' kfldaka *efkd" ifldka kfLdka" Wfodka ;dys" fkdx Lhs"
f,db f,d ila" f*pPnqka wd m%foaYj, ks;r ixpdrh l<y' fldx
.`. ;rKh lr ,dia rgg msi fhkahdfk iy :d fLla k.rj,g
jehy' tys >k jkdka;r j, jia iQy' fuu llrh OQ;dx. NsCIQkag
b;d fhda.Hh f' wo olajd;a tys OQ;dx. NsCIQyq jev fjfi;s'
h<s ld,.=Kh we;s g NsCIQka jykafia,d ksod .;af;a l=vd nnq
j,ska iE ueiail t<s uyfkah' nnqj folg m,d la w;g rduqjla u;
i l<y' ll=,a w tly udrl muKla Wih' . w yhla muKs' m<,
w y;rla muKs' fuu ueiai wka NsCIQkaf.a ueiafiys is yels;dla r
f' Yd, >k jkdka;rfhka w;r m%foaYh jeiS we;s neka yqol,d
j;a ug iqiq f' le,Ej iajdNdl wdjrKhls' NsCIQkaf.a ixLHdj
je k w;r m%udKh w iShla muK h hq;=h' lsUqyq Yohla fyda
lysk Yohla hka; weiSug yels ;r rf' f ksok ueiai wi,
w yegla muK ilauka uj we;' fuys ? oj,a fofla ilauka Ndjkdf
fhfo;s'
fldkag fyda fyd,auka j,g Nh we;s NsCIQka meKs g wdpdh
uka Wkajykafia,dg yqol,dj iSug kshu lr;s' lsisfjla wi,l ke;s
neka Nh ;%ia; ug bv we;' tg ta Nh Ndjkd wruqKls' tu wruqK
.ek fndfyda f,d Ndjkd lrka wruqK meye,s jQ g Nh my f'
Nh ix{dj ykd .kS' tys f,daN" oafY" fuday wl=i,a olS' tys wks;H
l;a" wkd;au iajNdjhla wjfndaO jQ g Nh my f' fufia f le,E
53
mirhg mqre jk ;dla tysu / ish hq;=hs' tg ;ud fld fyda

fyd,auka ix{djg /j isk nj meye,s f' fuu mqyqKqfjka miq wka
NsCIqka fuka id:l m%;sM, ,ef' tg zzNhZZ ioygu ;=rka f' h
NsCIqjla fujeks mqyqKqjla ,efuka hqKqjg m;af' tu Nh blaujd
.ekSug lsis ms<shula ke;ak Nh blauh fkdyelsh'
OQ;dx. NsCIqjla m<uqfjkau le,Ejg meKsg u ksod.; hq;=h'
h<s frdvq" fld<" msre tl;= lr .=hla idod .ks;s' foienr"
ckjd udi b;d Ialrh' iS;, iy jIdj ksid f ld,fha jeiafika
NsCIQka jykafia,df.a f;;a jQ isjqre mslr we;' iuyr g t<sjk ;=re;a
jeiai fkdlvjd yef,a' f,dl= l=vhlska idod.;a l+vdru ;o l=Kdgq iys;
jeis iq<x j,ska le hhs' YS;f,a .eys .eyS isug isf' fjk lsis
wdjrKhla ke;' ;o .kf lsisjla fkdfmfka' oj,a ld,fha jIdj
;rula bjish yelsh' jeiafika f;uqk kuq;a wjg mirh fmfka' hlsis
wdjrKhla .ia w;= wdhla fyda fidhd .; yels neks' w;HjYH ;u
jrh iy .sksfmh md;%h ;=< nyd we;' th mshkska ;olr jid we;'
W;a;rd ix>dh folg kjd Yrh jgd T;d .kska f;;ukh YS;,
re lsug orhs' lmq j,ska iE ure , idudkHfhka l+vfhka iE
l+vdrf t,a,d we;' fuh ;rula rg jIdj neyer lrhs' tkuq;a uq
.;u f;;a f' mdkaor ms~q msKsi jeug h,s isjqrla ke;'
fmnrjd" ud;=" wfma%,a ld,.=Kh ;rula fyd| w;g yef' f
ld, iSudf OQ;dx. NsCIQka llrh lrd h;s' tys we;s .,a .=yd" lje
j, wdjrKh ;=< ,e`.= .ks;s' f l uqka foien ckjdfha
f;;ukh ksid uef,ahd urejkaf.ka .yK f' uef,ahd frda.h iqj
lsu Ialrh' udi .Kkdjla frda. ,laIK mj;S' th widOH ;;a;ajhg
m;a jka jr ;o WK .kS' .f ksiaiq f widOH ;;aa;ajhg zzke
uhs,kaf.a wmydi WKZZ hhs lsh;s' ulaksido h;a frda.shd wdydr wl
f,i .kS kuq;a WK ksid lsis jevla l< fkdyelsh' tfyhska ke uhs,ka
- kEoEhskf
a .a wmydihg ,lafj;s' ke uhs,ka muKla fkdj ish fokdf.
au wmydihg ,lafj;s' f ,shk uu o lSm j;djla fuu frda.hg m;ah'
ta ld,fha uef,ahdjg fnfy;a fidhdf.k ke;s neka m%;sldr fkdue;sj
frda. ld,h blaujk f;la | ord.; hq;=hs' wdpdh uka we;= ish
OQ;dx. NsCIQkag fuh je<k nj Wkajykafia mjid we;' iuyre tu
frda.fhka ;CIhg m;ah' fuu l:d mqj;a weiSfuka Wkajykafia iy
wksl=;a NsCIQka jykafia,d flfrys widudkH ffu;s%h" lreKdjla yg
.kS' wdpdHh uka ;u ; wruqK jQ W;= wy;ajh idlaYd;a lsug
54
uOHu hq.h
m<uq fuu frda.h je< urKdikak h' tfia wmj;a jQfha k wo f

ioaOuh wmg wys f' Wkajykafiaf.a w;s W;= m%;sm;a;s f.k hdug
fkdyels f'
.no is;a iy we|ys,s

wdpdh uka iy wdpdh id fuu m<df;a ie ieug fmr .
jdiSka lu mdl fyda l=i,a wl=i,a ms<sn| k fkdishy' W;=re kef.
kysr m%foaYfhys N+; jkaokdj yd wukqIH jkaokdj me;s mej;=Ks'
h fohla mgka .ekSug fmr kele;a ne,sh hq;=h' j.d lsu" f.hl
w;a;sjdru fyda ue ueiaila fyda h fohla wdrN lsug m%:u kel;"
kh" jIh wdh iqiq h hq;=h' fkdfhla mqo mQcd mj;ajd fohkag
wukqIHhkag hd{d l< hq;=h' th fkdl<fyd;a frda. je<u fyda fkdfhla jHikhkag m;afj;a' fim%;sIHd WK jqjo wukqIHh fodaI ksid
yg.;a nj Tyq Yajdi lr;s' tg .f lg uy;d wjq;a fkdfhla
mQcd lr iudj wh' tg frda.h iqj we;s nj lsh;s' tfy;a frda.
,laIK ;sh jqjo f,vdg udkisl iqjhla we;' ;ud ksfrda.s hehs ms<s.
kS' lg uy;df.a wjidk ;SrKh Tyq ms<s.ks;s' ffjoHjre wkjYH
f' f,v iqj jkafka mqo mQcd j,sks' f ksiaiq" fujeks Ya; u; or;s'
th Yajdi lr;s' miq ld,hl wdpdh uka iy wdpdh id .f
ksiqkag i;H lshd ka g l%ufhka N+; n,f." wukqIH fodaI .ek
Yajdih ;=rka h' wo tjeks woyia orkakka lsisfjla ke;' tu lg
uy;ajre mjd nqoaO" Ou" ix> irK h;s' tjeks .=ma; oHd fkdwoy;s'
tu .udk ;=<ska le,Ef hk tk g tl, fuka fod< msfoaks ;gq olakg
ke;' b;du l<d;=rlska tjekakla olakg ,ef' W;=re kef.kysr jdiSyQ
ka fndfyda fihska nqoaO" Ou" ix> irK h;s' fuh wdpdh uka iy
wdpdh id f m%foaYfha ixpdrh lrka nK Ndjkd lshd u ksid jQ
nj ksielh'
Wkajykafia,d ks;r ks;r YsIag .=K .rel ksi;a Ndjh ms<sn|
Ou foaYkd l<y' Tjqkaf.a m%Yak j,g ms<s;=re kay' fndfyda h iel
mej;=fKa wukqIHh" fyd,auka" hCI wdfY wd .=ma; foa ms<sn|jh' ia;S%"
mqreI w;r ,sx.sl wdlIKh we;s jkafka flfiao @ i;=ka w;r;a fujeks
isoaka we;' ksid f foa k .kafka flfiao @ ta weiQ wkka; m%Yak ug
isys lsug fkdyelsh' ta ms<sn| iudj wh' wdpdh uka mejiQ fujeks
55
lreKq fndfyda fj;s' ta ish,a, ,sug uu wfmdfydi;a fj'

wukqIH wj;dr is;ahs weiQ m%Yakhg wdpdh uka fufia W;a;r
ks' zzwukqIHh" fyd,auka wj;dr fyda fjk hlsis foa f f,dalfha
mej;Su wfma Yajdi u; is fkdf' wms Yajdi l<;a fkdl<;a ta foa
ta wdldrfhka mj;S' wfma is;s,s wkqj th fjkia fkdf' ta wukqIHhka
.ek h iel we;sjkafka wfmau uki ;=<h' th wmsu ujd .kakd fohls'
wmsu ta h iel Wmojuq' f ksid wukqIHfhdao h iel fj;s' tg tjeks
Wmj we;sh yelsh' hfula fyd,auka .ek fkdis;Su ksid Tyq ;=< tjeks
iel h ke;' jemqru jkafka ;uka is;ska ujd.;a woyia ksid ;udu
mSvkhg m;auhs' wukqIHfhda is;shs ud lSj;a th Tmamq lsug fkdyelsh'
ksidg i;Hh lSug fkdyels fjhs' fidfrla nvq iu`.u w,a,d .;ag
jqjo th fkdms<s.kshs' Bg fkdfhla fya;=" ksoyig lreKq bm;a lrhs'
;ud ksjer hhs mjihs' Tyqg nf,kau o~qj muqKqjkafka f,dal kS;s
ksid f' Tyq kej; kej;;a ;udf.a ksfodia nj lshhs' nkaOkd.dr .;
fidfrl=f.ka weiqjfyd;a ;uka fidrlug wiqjQ nj;a ;uka th fkdl<
nj;a mjihs' th ;ud l< nj ms<s.kafka b;d l,d;=rlsks' fuh f,dalfha
ksiqkaf.a idudkH is;hs' ksiqka f f,dalhg tkafka fldfya isg hs
weiQ m%Yakhg wdpdh uka fufia ms<s;=re imhhs'
zzyeu ksidgu ujla yd msfhla we;' Tn bfu .ia fnkhla ;=<ska
yg .kafka ke;' ksid Wmkafka woHd" ;Kaydj ksid hehs lSj;a th
uki lD;s lrkjd i Tyq i;Hhla fkdols;a' fuh wjfndaO jkafka
ry;=ka jykafia,dg muKs' ksid f i;Hh fiug wjYH Hh fhug
wiu;a f' tneka zzfoudmshka ksid wm bm we;eZZhs Yajdi lr;s' fuys
i;Hh jgyd .ekSug ksid ;=< wjYH;djhla ke;' i;Hh k .ekSug
leue;a;lao ke;' woHd mphd ixLdrd'''' wd jYfhka mp iuqmamkak lreKq nq oyf ia;r lr we;' bmu ksid f ish lg m;af'
bmu ke;su l ke;su f' woHdj ksid bmu yg.kS' flf<ia
we;s yeu fokd ;=<u f woHdj wksjdHfhkau we;' i;Hh wjfndaO
jQ g f woHdj ke;sf' f i;Hh wjfndaOh ish la keiSug fya;=
jk nj ms<s.; hq;=f' f woHdj ksid ish i;a;ajhka Wm' f,dalh
i;a;j
a hskf
a .ka .yKh' i;=ka ke;s ;ekla ke;s ;rh' j;a ug bvlv
ke;s ;rh' uQ,sl fya;=j f ;Kayd woHdjhs' wms ka fkdue isk
kuq;a kej; bmug ks;ru ;j ia:dkhla fidhka ;h f.ks hkag
is;uq' f ksid i;=ka iy ksik
q a ks;r lg m;afj;s' i;Hh oelSug leu;s
wh ;u flf<ia iys; is; lsh hq;=hs' is; ks;ru Njhla w,a,d .eiSug
56
uOHu hq.h
;Kaydj Wmdodkh we;s lrhs' ta ksidu Njhla ,ef' ;ud wid lrK foa
,ef' is; jkdys f,dalfha oHdudk jk b;du pm," udkdl ;;a;ajhls'
f is; ovnrh' yslauug wmyiqh' wms fl;r fyd| foaj,g fhduq
ug W;aidy l<;a f fudfyd;ska fudfyd; fjkiajk is; yd tys yg
.kakd udkh yeu m%h;akhlau j,lajhs' kej; bmug n, mdkafka f
flf<iaj,g m;a jQ wixjr is;hs' woHd ;Kayd re lsug wlue;s
jkafka tfia re l< miq kej; kQmk neks' ;h mj;ajd .ekSu
hkq ixidrh hehs lshkq ,ef' wdpdh uka f.ka weiQ B<`. m%Yakh k
,sx.sl wdYdjka we;s jkafka ula ksido hkakhs' Bg ms<s;=re fufia mjid
we;' zzrd. ;Kaydj .ek fmd; m;ska bf.kSula ke;' rd. ;Kayd hkq
;u isf;a mj;sk ,s ,ecd ke;s ovnr iajNdjhls' f wYsCIs;" .%duH
.;sh we;s is; ksid ia;S%" mqreIhkaf.a jpkh yd ls%hdjo tjeks wYsCIs;
njg fmrf<a' ia;S%" mqreI" ;sika" i;a;aj wdkag fuh iajdNdlh' iudc"
cd;s" jhi wd iSud ke;' is; ldurd.fhka wixjr jQ g th iSud blaujd
hhs' .`. msgdf .,kakdla fuka iSud blaujd hhs' . ksh . k.r
ksk hg lrf.k .xj;=r .,d hkakdla fuks' rd.sl is;s,s ksidf.a;a
;sikqkaf.a;a isf;a mx ug fya;=j Bg wjYH m%n, wdOdr" Wkkaj"
wdiajdo" fmdaIKh wjg mirfhka ,efnk neks' tneka ksrka;rfhkau
wdiajdo r;shg f.dre f' f iajNdjh ksid uq f,dalhu la j,g
Ndckh f' ka ug lsisfjla Wkka fkdf' .x.d msgdrh .,d hk
.xj;=r ksid ksidg ydks jkafka l,d;=rlsk's tfy;a rd." ;Kaydj ks;ru
msgdr .,ka lg m;afjkjd l l ksid ;u is;a i;ka iy wksl=;a
ish foa kdY u .ek fkdis;;s' fuh wjqreoao mqrdu .,k .x.djls'
f,dalh fu;r Iag" wkS; ug fya;=j ksid iskau my< lrK f
rd. ;Kaydj nj lsif
s jla fkdoks;'s f rd. ;Kaydj ksid fujeks wmrdO
.gu isjk nj;a" Bg fya;=j f rd. is;s,s nj;a ksid ms<s.kafka
ke;' th ms<s.kakd ;=re ksidf.a wiykh l my fkdf'
Wkajykafiaf.ka weiQ m%Yakh jQfha fufia ,sx.sl wdiajdo ,eug
fya;j
= l=ulao hkakhs' tfy;a ms<;
s r
= e ,enqfKa bka isjk Nhdkl ;;a;j
a h
ms<sn|jh' fndfyda wh f ms<sn| wikafka ke;' f rd. ;;a;ajh issf;a
we;sjk g ia;S%" mqreI" ;sika .; i;=ka mjd tlsfkldf.ka wdiajdo
,n;s' f rd. ;Kaydj ;r wfkHdakH wdiajdoh fukau wfkdakHh fldamdIaG jk fjk fohla ke;' rd. ;Kaydj jxpksl iajNdjh ksid ia;S%
mqreIfhda wd,fhka ne| ;n;s' fndfyda g ;ry" ffjrfhka ne| ;n;s'
tlsfkld .y nek .ks;s' urd .ks;s' rd. is;s,s ksid fufia wd,h n;s'
57
ffjrh n;s' rd. is;s, ksid fmd<Uj;s'

wdpdh uka fufia m%ldY l<y' Tn w;r tlsfkld ;ryd .y
nek .kafka keoao @ jdy ug fmr isg wdor nefuka is kuq;a ka
iajd NdHd jYfhka fl;r wiykhg m;a jkafkao @ wms jeks NsCIQka
jykafia,dg jvd Tn f lreKq okakjd we;' tfy;a Tn wfmka wi;s'
tg zztfiah" wms rKavq oUr lr iSudjla ke;sj la | l bjikakg
ne ksid ;uhs rKavqj kj;ajkafka' kej; rKavq fkdlrkakg ;SrKh
lrka" kuq;a kej;;a tjeksu rKavq onr j,g m;afjkjd'ZZ
wdpdh uka fufia mejiSh zzf ;uhs f,dal iajNdjh' tl
fudfyd;la wdorh B<`.g ;ryj" ffjrh" Tn fuh jer nj k
.;a;;a bka ula ke;' we;af;kau f .egj i|kakg Tn W;aidy
.;af;ao@ tfia k f ;;a;ajh lla iykodhS fjkjd' tfia ke;ak
;=kaf, fkdjrojd lEu lkakdla fuka Wfoa;a rKavq lrkjd" ojdf,;a
rKavqj" rd;s%fh;a rKavqj uq ojiu rKavq lrkjd' neu ;ek lalido
fjkjd' ;u ,d nd, orejkag wmuK la i<ikjd' f krl luj,
m%;s mdl wysxil orejkq;a kjd' tys ,ecdj ksid kE ;=rka w;a
ykjd' fof.d,af,du rKavq lsf wdkj gqg jdo fNao yg.;a ieKska th kj;ajd .; hq;=hs' ta ff,ys u Yd, rKavqjlg ;=vq fok jdo
jdo fodia mfrdia l:d ny kej;Sug mqre h hq;=hs' .ska .g hdu
j<lajd m%Yakh bjiSfuka iekiSfuka ld,hdf.a wejEfuka ksrdlrKh
l< hq;=hs' fldamh" mreI jpk" fkdreiakd.;s we;s jQ jydu th Nhdkl
Wjrla f,i l ;uka w;S;fha iqyoj is nj;a wkd.;fha iqyoj ish
hq;= nj;a i<lkak' f CIKsl Wmka fldamh ksid uq ;hg ydkslr
.kafka wehs @
mjq,a m%Yak .eg fndfyda g we;s jkafka ;udf.a ;ks leue;a;
wkqj ;SrK .ekSu ksidh' fuh yo jero hkak .ek fkdi<ld ys;=
u;fha wkqkag la mSvd f.k fok ;SrK ;udf.a wd;aud:ld;ajh ksid
.ks;s' uu;ajh n,mqjkaldr lu ksid wkqka fmf<;s' udkh" ;o .;sh
ksid wjfYaI mjqf,a idudlfhda lg m;afj;s' uq f,dalhu ;u w;a
wvx.=jg m;a lsug f,dal kdhlfhda udk n,;s' uyd id.rh w;ska
;,a lr kj;ajkag .kakd jEhula fuka fuh ksYaM,h' tjeks n,ld
woyia ;=rka l< hq;=h' tjeks woyia we;s mqoa.,hd ;udu jekfia'
mjqf,a idudlhska w;r lsgq inkaO;d we;s neka idOdrKh" iu.sh"
tl`.;ajh we;sh hq;=h' mjqf,a iajd" NdHhd" ore" fiajl msi fu-
58
uOHu hq.h
fia wfkdakH wdorh" f.!rjh ;yjqre fkdl<fyd;a tys mdl ;uka

flf mefKa'
.s y s wkq . dlhs k a yd Ns C IQ k a jyka f ia , d Yd, ixLHdjlg
Wkajykafia foaYkd mj;ajk g fjk;a ld, iSud we;' .sys whg 4-5
olajdo NsCIQkag 7 isg rd;S% ld,fhao foaYkd lr;s' NsCIQka jykafia,dg
iy idufKarhkag yd h Ndjkd hqKqjla we;s whg Wkajykafia fYaI
ie<ls,s l<y' mqoa.,slj Wmfoia Ks' tlsfkldf.a p; fnfyka fjkia
neka Ndjkd w;alS fjkia f' iuyre ;u is; ms<sn| wi;s' iuyre
fojre wd fkdfhla ix{d ms<sn| wi;a' ;a;c rEm" ks;s Ndjkd
fhda.Ska ols;s' ksiqka" i;=ka ;u bfha ue iskjd wd fkdfhla oYk
.ek l:d lr;s' ;u Yrh mjd ue l=Kq " kdY u ols;s' f ks;s
iajdNdlo @ ke;fyd;a tys fYaI w: we;ahs uq, ykd .; fkdyelsh' fjd .ek uq,djg m;aug yelsf' tneka Ndjkd luia:dk
wdpdhjrhdf.a Wmfoia wjYH f'
f w;alS ia;r lsu yd tys w: ksrEmKh lrka Wmfoia
u b;du is;a m%fndaOlrk fohls' NsCIQka jykafia,d fuu ld,h fndfyda
w.kd nj oks;s' Y%oaOdj" nqoah" hh jeug wjYH Wmfoia ,nk
neks' yoj; iudfhka zzkdNs.;ZZ f' f w;alS wid isk wksl=;a
whg fuh Yd, WfoHda.hls' w;alS we;s wh i;=gg m;af' is; fufia
iud.; jQ g iuyre foaj f,dal j,g h;s' t<sjk ;=re foaj f,dal
j, jH ud,s.d olska ixpdrh lr;s' fndfyda f,d .; jQ miq tu is;
;u Yr .; f' tg idudkH is;la f' iuyre wmdh f,dalj, ixpdrh lr;a' lu mdl .ek fnfyka ixf.hg m;af' iuyre foaj
f,dalj, yd wmdhj, ieirka lu mdl isoah kslaIKh lr;s'
iuyre OHdk iudm;a;sj,g mefKa' iuyre kdu rEm fjkalr oYkd
lr;s' Yrfha fldgia Yaf,aIKh lr i;r uyd N+;hkag fjka lr;s'
iuyrekag iudh fkd,e fmd orejka je je wekakdla fuka la
w~;s' iuyre lsisu Ndjkd hqKqjla fkdlr;s' fyd| foa fkdokakd
yekao fuks' fndfyda fokd fjfyik fuu mirfha fujeks foa isu
iajdNdlh' i;s" m[a[d hqKq lrk wh tu foaYkd wkqj hqKq fj;s' f
fmd; ,shk uu o fuu mqyqKqf oCI fkdjQ nj ms<s.ks' th we;af;kau
wm ldg;a Ialr ldHhla h'
wdpdh uka fofjks j;djg;a W;=re kef.kysr m%foaYfha wjqre
.Kkdjla jev iQy' tlu ;ekl jia ;=ka udihla jev fjfi;s' bkamiq
59
wka ;eklg hdu is;hs' ksoyfia l uqka >k jkdka;rj, l=re,af,l=

fuka ixpdrh lr;s' zzi;a; Nfrdj f;sZZ ;u msydgq nr muKla Tijd
f.k hk l=re,af,la fuks' l=r,a,d leu;s ;ekl ,`.shs' leu;s ;ekl
mshdir lrhs' Wkajykafiao .ila" c,dihla" j.=re ula'''' wd ;ek
is fia j;a miqj yer h;s' tu .ia c,di .ek lsisu ;elSula ke;'
fufia Oufha yeisfrk NsCIqjg uq jkdka;rhu ;u ksfjils' yqol,d
;h hkq idudkH iudc ;hla .; lrK whg wiSre fohls' ;u
f.j,a fodrj,a kE ys; ;=rka w;a yeu uq,ska Ialr jqjo Ouh ;u
yoj; Yla;su;aj .%yKh l< g fuh yd;amiska fjkia f' Tjqyq >k
jkdka;r ms%h lr;s' iudch" l iem wms%h lr;a' Tyq yeu fud;lu
yqol,dj ;ud hk tk bhf is; ne| ;nhs' lsiu
s fohlska is; CIsm;
a
fkdf' Ouh isf;a ;ekam;a jQ g ,o fohska i;=gq f' ;Dma;shg m;af'
;u yoj; Oufhka mS%;shg m;a jQ g mqu ;Dma;shla fka' isf;a
flf<ia my ue,slu" h" iel wd lsisu wjq,la ke;' is; ;ekam;ah'
ksYap,h" iduh" i;=g rc flf' fuh k wld,sl .=Khhs' th ld,h"
wjldYh blaujd hhs' iuq;s i;Hh blaujd hhs' uq,dj imQKfhkau
myf' wdpdh uka zziq.;ZZ fyj;a fyd| .ukla hkafkls' ;ukaf.a yeu
ldhhlau i;=gls' i;r bhfjysu iekiSu hk" tk" ysk" ksok yeu
fudfyd;lu iekiSuls' ;u Y%djlhska fuu ud.hg fhduq l< kuq;a
fujeks Wiia ;;a;ajhlg m;aug fkdyelsh' tfy;a fndfyda wh Yd,
jYfhka Oufha yeisfrk nj ksielh'
wpdh uka msKavmd;h msKsi hk g NsCIQka jykafia,d iu`. n"
lmqgq wd ;sika i;=ka o h;s' th Ndjkd wruqKls' NsCIQka jykafia,dg
Ou lreKq ta u.ska myod fo;s' lu mdl .ek mdvuls' i;=kag mjd
;u lu mdl mika fohs' hlsis if;la fhduqlr ta ms<sn| .%y
flfr;s' zz;sikqka my;a fldg ie<lsh hq;= ke;' Tjqyq ;u wl=i,
mdl f.j;s' ksid o ;u wl=i, mdl f.j;s' ukqIHh" ;sika wd
iefjdu l=i,a - wl=i,a mdl f.j;s' ta whg ka g iem fokd la
fokd ug isf' l=l=,a" n" yrla i;=ka ;u mdl f.jk wdldrh
lshd fo;s' Tjqkaf.a l .ek lreKdj Wmoj;s' ta iu`.u lu mdl j,
O iajNdjh fmkaj;s' f wd;aufha wms ukqIHhka jqjo wkka; wd;au
j, ;sikqka f,i j;a jqfkuq' f lu kHdh b;d .=ma; f' th iEu
i;a;ajhdf.kau oHdudk jqjo f;are .ekSu W.ygh' fuh f;re .;
fkdyels k wmg ksjkla ke;' f wd jYfhka u. f;df uqK .efyk
ksiqka ;sikqka .ek lu mdl i;s" m[a[dfjka .fIKh lrhs'
60
uOHu hq.h
th wid is iuyr NsCIQkag ;SCIK m%{dj my, fjhs' iuyr NsCIQkag

tys jeo.;alu fkdjegfya' ta i;=ka miqlr .uka l< neka tu ldrKh
wjfndaO fkdf' W;=re kef.kysr m%foaYfha jdih lrK g wdpdh uka
uOHu rd;s%fha NsCIQka jykafia,dg Ouh foaYkd lrK g N+udgq" wdldY
fojre wE;ska isg Ouh Y%jKh lr;s' ta wh meK we;s nj kqk
g Wkajykafia foaYkdj .i kj;ajd iud.; f' tg mqoa.,slj
fohka iu`. l:d lrhs' NsCIQka jykafia,dg we;s wiS; f.!rjh ksid
fojre im fkdfj;a' fojre NsCIQka jykafia,df.a l= m%foaYh miqlr
.uka fkdlr;a' f fojre Yd, ixLHdjla Wkajykafia lSug wjq;a
m%:ufhka ;=kajgla m%oCIsKdlr b;du f.!rjfhka ms<sfj,g ikaiqkaj
jdfj;s' tu foaj iuQyfha kdhlfhla ishs' Tyq bhg wjq;a ;uka wh;a
jkafka wij,a foaj fldGdihgh' Tjqka wij,a Ouh .ek ui;sZZ wd
jYfhka ksfokh lrhs' wdpdh uka tg Tjqkaf.a wdrdOkdj ms<sf.k
i;=g m%ldYh lr ;u iud is; tu Ouh .ek fhduq lrhs' bkamiq ta
ms<sn| foaYkd lr;s' wjidkfha ;=ka jrla idOq kdo mj;aj;s' fuu kdoh
Yajfha b;d by< fodaxldr fohs' j" lK we;s ish fokdg fuu kdoh
wefia' tfy;a ksif.a lkaj,g fkdwefia' fydoafoa ri fkdokakd yekao
fuks' wka;sf kej;;a f fo le< ;=ka jgla ol=Kska m%oCIsKd lr
mqka frdola fuka wyfia fkdfmkS h;s' f whf.a w;s m%ikak yeisu
wdpdh uka yd NsCIqkagj;a wkqlrKh l< fkdyelsh' th t;r ruKSh
ikaik
q a ,dihls' ukqIHhdf.a f.dfrdai"q ye .;sh fojrkaf.a ish
q
Ydl ls%hd iu`. ikaikaokh l< fkdyelsh' fohkaf.a uk mskjk
iqkaor w,xldrhla we;' Tjqkaf.a Ydrl p,k b;du ,CIKh' ksiqka
fuka wdpdhjrhd yuqug wjq;a l,n, fkdlr;s' ksYY
a o fj;s' yeisu
b;d f.!rjdka;h' ksiaiq Yo k.d l;d lr;s' fojre Ouh wikafka b;d ;ekam;a iud.; is;lska fuks' ikaiqka ksYap, bh mj;ajd
.kska idjodkj wid is;s' wdpdh uka fohka jk f,dj oks;s'
uOHu rd;sf
% ha mefKk nj ijia hdufha oks;'s tg NsCIQka jykafia,df.
a foaYk kj;d ouhs' f,dj meKs g ilauka Ndjkdj kj;d iudhg
m;afj;s' bkamiq bka ke.sg Wmpdr iudhg m;afj;s' isf;a f.h uqojd
yer fohka meK weoahs n,;s' meK ke;ak kej; is; iud.;
lrhs' fohkaf.a meKSu rd;S% 2 - 3 - 4 g k l,skau fl kskaola ie;mS
bkamiq is; iud.; lrhs'
61
W;=re kef.kysr m%foaYfha t;r jH fiakdj,a meKsfha ke;'

iuyr g wjq;a Ou foaYkdj,g ijka fo;s' fohkaf.a meKSu wdpdh
ukag fyaI wjia:djla h' fohkag ka fmdfrdka ta wdldfhkau bIag
lr;s' f,dj fkdjrojd n,d is;s' ;u ka fmdfrdka - ld,h fjkia
lsu ms<sn| fohkaf.a wm%idoh we;'
fohka iu`. l:d lrkafka wfma iuq;s l;dj fuka fkdj th
isjkafka iud is;ska - is;ska is; ykd .ekSuls' f l:dj b;d fydka
ta whg f;a hhs' f isf;a we;sjk l:d iajrEmh b;d ksjerh' ir,h'
jyd jegfykafkah' kej; kej; wjOdrKh l< hq;= ke;' fujeks hg
is;k
s a l:d lsug fkdyels neka ksid ;u isf;a wOHdYh jpk j,ska msg
lr;s' tg fndfyda fia je isf' isf;a mj;sk kshu i;Hh iajrEmh
jpkfhka lsh fkdyelsh' ksidg ;u is;e`.s iud is;ska m%ldY l<
fkdyels neka uyd .=ma; ryila we;'
wdpdh uka yg fuh b;d myiq fohls' Wkajykafiag jyd jegfyk
kqjK we;' wmg tfia fkdue;s neka wdpdHhjre yuq idlPd lsug
isf' wkqkaf.ka wid k .kakd foa wu;l f' kshu hg f;are
.; fkdyelsh' wmf.a mqre tfia fkdj wmg weneys we;' tneka
tajd wu;l fkdf' w;ayer.; fkdfya' i;s" iud" m[a[d fkdue;s
neka wfma fndfyda ldHhka ksis wdldr is fkdf' ks;r w;miq "
jer we;'
tfy;a wdpdh ukaf.a ish lghq;= ksis wdldr lsisu wvqula ke;sj
isf' isf;a iud .=Kh ksid ksYap,h' ks;r i;=g" iduh rc lrhs' hk
tk yeu ;eku wkqkaf.a wdor f.!rjhg m;af' Wkajykafia meKs nj
weiQ ieklska fndfyda ckhd /ia ish lghq;= imdokh lr;a' nka:
q .ug meKs g jQ isoah lu ksoYkhls'
tu .ug meKSug m%:u uq .ugu jiQh frda.h je< ;snqKs'
.f ksiaiq foaj mqcd yd fkdfhla wukqIHhskag mQcd l<y' wdpdHh
ukaf.a meKSfuka miq nqoaO" Ou" ix> hk f;rejkg mqo mQcd meje;a
jQy' .d:d idcCOdhkd" ms;a msxl Wfoa yji meje;a jQy' ;u isf;a mj;sk
flf,ia hgm;a lrka Yla;sh WmojQy' l klska Yd, mj;khla
ish' ksik
q a frda.d;=rj km;d uerK kuq;a Wkajykafiaf.a meKSfuka
miq lsisfjla fkdu<y' jix.; frda.fhka fmk wh iqjm;a jQy' frda.h
me;su k;r h' .f ksiqkag th woyd .ekSug fkdyelsh' th mqu
wdYapHhls' f ksid ish fokdu Wkajykafiag Y%oaOdfjka f.!rj l<y'
62
uOHu hq.h
wo jk ;=re fuu .f ksiqkaf.ka mej; tk mdrmrdj Wkajykafiag

je ms lr;s' .f mkaif,a kdhl ys m%Odk ish fokdu wdpdHh
uka woy;s' ;a uqfka ;nd kuialdr lr;s'
fujeks wdYapHhu;a is fndfydah' Wkajykafia klg ;=ka
jrla .f ksiqkag fu;a jvd wdYsjdo lr;s' Wfoa msk .i oj,a
iy kskaog hk g fuh lr;s' iuyr whg ks;r foff,a fu;a is;
m;=rej;s' Wkajykafia ;u is; ffu;S% iudhg m;alr uq f,dalhg th
.,d hk fuka m;=rej;s' wdf,dalhla bka ke.S hhs' th wkka;h' iSudjla
ke;' ysre odylg jvd ma;su;ah' yojf;a msis Ndjhg jvd ma;shla
uq f,dalfha lsisjla ke;' fujeks ffu;S% .=Kfhys wdkqNdjhla we;'
f w;s msis ;a; Yla;sh ;uka wdrlaId lrhs wkqkag wdYsjdo fohs'
ksidf.a jkaokSh" mQckSh wdor f.!rjhg m;a f' i;a;= mjd i;=ka
h iel ke;sj j;a fj;s' Wkajykafiaf.a ffu;S% is; fkdfjkiaj ish
i;a;ajhka flf jeis jIdjla fuka m;s; h'
Ialr;d iy wirK u
Wfndka rp;dys m%foaYfha isg Wkajykafia ifldka kfLka m%foaYhg
.uka l<y' Wkajykafia,d iu`. Yd, me YsIH ixLHdjla .uka
l<y' .f ksiaiq Wkajykafia,d meKSu uy Woaf>daKhlska ms<s.;ay'
ish fokdu mka je<lS l=i,a lsug mgka .;ay' fkdfhla wukqIH mqo
mQcd w;ayer nqoaO" Ou" ix> hk r;ak;%h weoyQy' f m%foaYh >k
jkdka;rhls' rECI" .ia je,a j,ska .ykh' jk i;=kaf.a ksc N+hls' rd;S%
ld,fha ,CI ixLHd; i;=kaf.a Yo fodaxldrh fohs' ta Yo j,g yqre
jQ g Tjqka iu`. ;%;;ajhla we;s flf' Ndjkd lsug fuu i;=kaf.a
iajdNdl Yo m<sfrdOhla fkdf' tu Yo hlsis woyila ke;s neks'
tfy;a ukqIHh Yoj, woyi f;are hk neka m<sfrdOhls' iskyiSu"
l:d lsu" isx" lE .eiS wdh Ndjkdjg ndOd flf' fYaIfhkau
NsCIQka jykafia,dg ia;S%kaf.a Yo m<sfrdOls' iudh n,j;a fkdf k
Ndjkdj lv f' fuh ia;S%kag lrk fpkhla fkdf' ta ksid Ndjkdj
wid:l jk nj;a i;s" m[a[d j, jk nj;a fuhska wjOdrKh flf'
jkdka;r j, jdih lsug tla fya;=jla fuh f' wdpdh uka msksjka
mdk ;=re fujeks >k jkdka;r j, jdih lsug ms%h l<y' Wkajykafiaf.a w;s oCI OudjfndaOh ta ksid ie<iqks' th wm iu`. Wkajykafia
fnod f.k N=la;s ;s'
63
wdpdh uka kla fufia mejiSh' Wkajykafiaf.a Ndjkd m%;m

s ;a;h
s "
Ydl udkisl la mSvd fok widOh frda.hla jeksh' ks,af,a i;=ka
isug ojilaj;a fkdh' Wv u n,ka i;=gq idfhka l:d ny
lsula ke;' tl fudfyd;laj;a kslrefKa isk g flf<ia ;u is;
veye .kS' flf<ia j,ska is; nekq g bka u b;du Ilrh' tneka
flf<ia j,ska ksrka;rfhka wdrlaIdug ish' flf,ia gq .i tajd
tu fudfydf;au uokh lrhs' bkamiq ;u YsIHhskag Wmfoia fohs'
fndfyda .sys me wh iuyrg fufyKska jykafia,d . ud. f.jd
Wkajykafia yuqug meKshy' Tjqkag kej;S isug ;ekla ke;' fld
wd j,a i;=kaf.kao wdrlaId l< hq;=h'
tla jfrl Wka j yka f ia nka k .fuys .,a .= y djl jdih
lf<ah' Yd, fld tys jdih l<y' rd;S% ld,fha wd.ka;=lhkag iSu
wka;rdodhl h' tneka .f ksii
a q Wi WK nnq j,ska ueiaila iEy'
th fldkag mkskakg ne ;r Wih' ? fnda jQ g tu ueiafika ug
nyskakg ;yk l<y' tneka ;ukag wjYH wdydr .ekSu jeisls<s
lD;Hh tu ueiai Wv l< hq;=h' Bg wjYH Ndck tys ;nd .ks;s' ksiqkaf.a meKSu tneka wjysrhls' f fld ksiqkag h ke;' fYaIfhka ia;S%kag h ke;' tla kla Yd, fldfhla yrla .d,la miq lr
l=reudk w,a,ka hkq Wkajykafia gy' yrla f.fhka .ug j;s'
wdpdh uka ks,af,a ilauka lrka ishy' fldhd Wkajykafia .ek
lsis ;elSula fkdlr yrla miqmi hhs'
Wkajykafiaf.aa YsIH msKsi kEu wjia:djlg uqyqK ug mqre h
hq;=h' urKh jqjo n,dfmdfrd;a;= fj;s' y;r jf jkdka;rfhka fldhs
fudfyd;l wka;rdhla fhs fkdoks;s' tfukau udkh" uu h udf.ah
hk Wv`.=l ke;' ish fokdu iyfhda.fhka wdlaId fj;s' tlsfkld
tlu flfkl=f.a Ydl wjhjhka f,i m%fY lr;s' yoj; BIHd
wd .=Khkaf.ka f;dr hhs' mqu iekiSulska is; blauKska iud
.; fjhs' wdydr wdh ke;s" myiql ke;s h bmojk mirhl j;a
jk g ks;ru i;s m[a[dfjka fjfi;s' is; mSvd ka tl`. f'
nkaOkd.dr.; jQ fjla leue;af;kau ;u brKug hg;a fjkakdla fuks'
wjg mirh h cklh' urKh wdikakh' ndysr f,dalfhka iekiSula
ke;' tlu irK ;u i;sm[a[d muKs' tmuKla fkdj wdpdhjrhd
;u weo jxl is; iDcq flf' fufia yeu w;skau is; yslaujhs' f ksid
fkdis;+ wkaoka is; iud mQKh lrhs'
64
uOHu hq.h
rd;S% ld,h w;s Nhxlr neka NsCIQka ilauka lrka h ke;s lsug
W;aidy lr;s' ljqre k;ao @ ljqre mr;ao @ Nh mrdch jQ g is;
ch .kS' is; mrdch jQ g w;sYh hg m;afj;s' Yrh ;ka WKqiqh'
YS;,h" odh je.sf' u<uq;%d myfj' yqiu ysr urKhg wdikak f'
f w;r fldhdf.a f.ru fodaxldr f' th wE; Yhla jqjo ka ka
fldhd ud ve.e .ks;shs fhka uqim;a f' ilaufka ;ksj" uq .;u
fjjq,dhhs' fldhd wysxilj f.dre fidh;shs fkdisf;a' W! fl<skau
ilauka ujg t;shs .eys ye.S Nhska ;%ia; jQ f NsCIqj ve.e .ekSug
fldhd ths' fldhd t;s hkak tlu is;s,a,hs' h ka ord .; fkdyelsh' yojf;a Ou ix{dj myf' ienkau fldhd meKqfyd;a f
wjdikdjka; mqoa.,hd Tyqg f.dre h yelsh' is; fufia Nhg .e;su
kqiqiqh' th fndfyda msySulg ;=vqfok neks' fuys l< hq;af;a h
Ouhlg keUqre is; ;ka ta Ouh w,a,d .ekSuhs' urKdkqiai;sh"
fyda h Ou lreKla fufkys l< hq;=h' is; ndysr wruqKqj, t,a
ukia l,ams; iss;s,s j,ska mqrjd .; hq;= ke;' tajdhska ;ud uq,djg m;a
h hq;= ke;' uereK;a ke;;a ;u wruqK jQ Ndjkd ukisldrfhka neyer
h hq;= fkf' isf;a Ouh ;ka .%yKh l< g ;u iunr;djh /fla'
fuys w;s Ya; foh k f w;sNhxldr jQ Ou;djh ksid lsh fkdyels
wkaoka Yla;su;a uhs' th mqu ksNh uls'
Oufha is; msysgqjd m%;sm;a;s /lSu hkq is; lh ksis wkaoka
yeisruhs' f f,dalfha ish foa w;ayer ;u Ndjkd wruqKq muKla
isf;a msysgquhs' l=ula fyda fjd th iajNdj Oufha ,laIKhhs' th
blaujd .sh fkdyelsh' i;Hh .fIKh lsu hkq iajNdj Ou;djh
m%;f
s CIam lsu
s la fkdf' wdpdh uka ;u YsIHhskg
a wjjdo kafka fkdhj
urKhg uqyqK ugh' Wkajykafia tneka uyd Nhdkl le,fhys ;ksj
jih lrkakg Wkka l<y' ;u isf;a Yla;sh" Ndjkd n,h" Oufha
i;H;djh tg ;udg w;alSfuka jegfya wm isf;a Ouh yeisrug
fld iu; fj;s nq.=K fufkys lrka nq oyu isf;a orka isk
g h iel myf' f Y%oaOdj ke;sg fldhdg Nh we;sf' le,Ef
jdih lsf we;s jdish k h Wmojd isf;a Ouh mx lruhs'
le,Ej jeks ia:dk iud" m[a[d jeug bjy,a f' ;u is; tjeks
WfoHda.hlska l=,au;a fkdjQ g koaO wd ue,slug f.dre fj;s' tg
lsisjla l< fkdyels ;;a;ajhg je flf<iaj,g hg f' fldhdg we;s
Nh ksid f,fyis myiqfjka ue,slka oji .; l< fkdyelsh' tu ie`.
we;s flf<ia hgm;a lsug fldhdg Nh fyd| fohls' f hg ysf;a
65
we;s flf<ia ch.%yKh l< g mqu wdYajdohla we;s flf'

wdpdh uka Ndjkd msKsi tjeks h ckl ia:dkj,g hdug Wkka
lrhs' iEu iem myiqju we;s g tjeks mqu iy.; m%;sM, fkd,ef'
iem kaokhg je Ou ud.fhka neyer ug bv we;' fuh b;d wjdikdjka; ;;a;j
a hls' Wkajykafiaf.a wjjdoh jQfha tjeks iqiq mirhl
i fuu Ou;djh msysgkafka ke;s njhs' mirh h ckl neka
ksrka;rfhka i;sh mj;ajhs' ;u wruqK ks;ru ;u is; lh muKs' Ouh
/ we;af;a f is; lh m%Odk lrf.kh' wjidk jYfhka wms urKhg
h h hq;= ke;' ulaksido ;u lu mdl wkqj uefrk f,djg wms
uefrk nj;a h jQ ksid fkduefrk nj;a wms wjOdrKh l< hq;= neka
;ud l=ula is;=j;a wka;sf luh wkqj urKhg m;af'
uyd Nhdkl mirh ksid wdpdh uka fujka Ndjkd hqKqjla ,nd
.;a nj lshhs' fufia ;u Y%djlhskag ;u is; ;=< we;s Yla;sh u;= lr
.ekSug Wkajykafia Wmfoia kay' hm;a jQ g bfu is,a /fla' is,a
/lSu hkq fndfyda fokd lshk m%,dmhla i fujeks mirhla ke;sj l<
yels fohla fkdf' fujeks mirhl b;d fl ld,hlska iS,h" iudh
mQK lr .; yelsf' iS,h hkq iir mqreoaola fkdf' th wdhdifhka
/l .; hq;= .=Khls' i;s" m[[d ;=<ka is,a /lsh hq;=f'
h flfkla Ouh ms<sn| Y%oaOdj Wmojd ; m;Hd.fhka fyda
Ouh rlsk njg wIaGdk l< g fudku fohlskaj;a l,n, fkdf'
urKhg uqyqK ug fyda l ke;' ta ;uka Ndjkd wruqKl is; ;ekam;a
lr .; urKhg uqyK
q h yels neks' ; ydksjk ;r Nhla Wmkak;a
i;s iudfhka is; ;ekam;af' j,a udkhka bfha jqjo ;ud ; mQcdfjka Oufha yeisfrk g tu ndysr lror ;ud <`.g fkdmefKa' th
Oufha woaN+; wdYaphhls'
ksiqka jYfhka wmf.a is;a ;=< Ouh mj;sk kuq;a i;=ka ;=<
tjeks Ouhla ke;s neka i;a;= wjk; fj;s' wfma Ouh i;=ka flf
n,mdhs' Tjqka h fkd wm weiqre lr;a' tg lsis ydkshla ke;' fuu
.=ma; wNsryi Oufha yeisfrkakdf.a is; ;=< we;' wka whg th fkdfmfka' Ndjkdj hqKq tjeks iud.; is;lg th lsh yelsh' ;ud
Ouh f,dj mqrd foaYkd l<;a ;u isf;a Ouh ls%hd;aul fkdf k
tu Yla;sh ke;' is; yd Ouh tlu Yla;shla njg m;a jQ g Ouh
hkq is;h' is; hkq Ouh f' tk isf;a jxpksl Ou ke;' flf<ia
66
uOHu hq.h
re " is; mdY=oaO f'

idudkHfhka is; flf<ia j,ska .yKh' tneka isf;a f iajNdjh
jgyd.; fkdyel' tjeks zzis;ZZ hkq zzflf<iahZZ' zzflf<iaZZ hkq zzis;ZZ
h' f wdldrfhka fndfyda l,a .; l< g Oufhka fyda isf;ka lsisu
iekiSula fkd,ef' kej; kej; bmsoka ishjdrhla .; jQj;a ls,sgq
we bj; ,d kej;;a ls,s we weula jeks fohla isf' wms
iodl,au ls,s f,ig isuq' hfula ls,s we bj;a lr msis we
wk g f ;;a;ajh fjkia f' fufia ;u isf;a we;s flf<ia ;=rka
lsug iEu fokdu j.lsj hq;=h' ;u isf;a iduh i;=g mj;skf
a ka ta ;udu
is; msis lsfuks' wka whg wmf.a is; mssis l< fkdyelsh' th msis
we weula jeksh' nqoaOd uyry;ka jykafia,d fufia w;s msis is;a
myrKh l<y' tjeks laf,aY yoj; wms irK huq wo olajd;a jer
lrK wh mjd nqoaO" Ou" ix> irK h;s'
wdpdh uka fufia fkdfhla fha ms<f
s j;a mqrka ;u YsIHhka Ou
ud.fha f.k .shy' ta wkq.dlfhda miqj fY%aIag .=rejre njg m;ajQy'
ta wh;a f ud.h mqyqKq lrka ;u wkq.dlhka ta ud.fha fufyh
jQy' nqrcdKka jykafia fmkajd ka ud.h wo;a ta wdldrfhkau ksrjq,j
a
we;' wdpdh uka tu ud.fha .uka .;ay' th wd;au m;Hd.hla h'
Wkajykafia iy Y%djl msi b;d <s" mam;a ; .; l<y' j;a
ug wjYH wju foa fyda fkd;snqKs' wo f,dalfha mj;sk iqfLdamfNda.S
jk phd foi n,k g Wkajykafia,df.a ; iauh cklh' f whg
tys tla khlaj;a .; l< fkdyelsh' kuq;a NsCIqka jykafia,d isrf.
hs isrlrejka fuka Ouh fjkqfjka ; lem l<y' ishu Ialr;d
i;=ka bjiQy' idudkH ckhd fuu ; uyd ysxid jO mSvd iys; hehs
is;=j;a NsCIQka jykafia,d uy;a ffOhfhka f ud.fha f.dia Ouh
wjfndaO l<y' wd;au oukh" wd;au m;Hd.h" wd;au Yla;sh ;=<skao uu
udf.a wdl,am hgm;a l<y'
iuyr g k .Kka ksrdydrj isg Ndjkd l<y' n,j;a l=i.sks
bjid fkdlvjd Ndjkd l<y' l=i.sks bjika i;sh meje;a jQy' iuyre
thg leu;s h' ulaksido fyd| wdydr je< g Yrh Yla;su;a jev
lsug yels jqjo uki j, f' Ndjkdj msfya' wdydr m%udKh wvq
lsu fyda ksrdydrj isu ;=<ska is; Yla;su;a Ndjkd jef' ;udg re
ms<sfj; wkq.ukh lrka Ndjkd l< hq;=h' h NsCIqjla k .Kkla
ksrdydrj isg Ndjkdj hqKq lr;a k th Tyqg iqiq ms<sfj;h' la
67
;rKh lsug fujeks rECI m%;sm;a;s iqiq f'

hfula ksrdydr Ndjkd lrk g Tyqf.a is; n,j;a Yla;su;a
bkashkag f.dre jQ ndysr wruqKq m%;sfCIam l< yelsh' is; iud.;
oji" ld,h" f,dj blaujd hhs' l=i.skak wd Ydl fokd re
hhs' ;u isf;ka we;s jk mS%;s iqLh kaokh lrhs' ue,slu ref'
isf;a is .sh .;sh ke;' is; ;ekam;ah' wms iqiq l,a h,a n,d Ndjkd
lsug i<iq l< g Bg l<ska flf<ia mek ke.S ths' tg flf<i
uokh lrka we;af.djd wef;l= olaldf.k hkakdla fia wjk; lrhs'
we;af;kau wkdu;a iir ;=< wfma is; we;l= jYfhkao" flf<ia we;af.
dfjl= jYfhkao ls%hdlr we;' f we;af.djd .ek wm hg ysf;a we;s
Nh ksid ks;ru hg;a f' flf<ia j,g ji`. jkafka f wldrfhkah'
flf<ia iu`. igkg hdug fkdyels jkafka f mqre;djh ksidh' nq
oyug wkqj flf<ia hkq Oufha y;=rkah' f,dalfha jdih lkakkayg
flf<ia hkq isf;a mx jQ whska l, fkdyels i.hkah" iydhlhkah'
nqoyu ms<m
s k wm f flf<ia iu`. igkg jeh hq;h
= 's tg flf<iaj,
we;s Yla;sh | jef' tfy;a f,dal jdiSkag flf<ia j,g wjk;
ji`. iqr;,a lrka j.d jOkh lsu i wka lsis ud.hla ke;'
f m%;sm;a;sh ksid f,dalfha O ud,sfha W.% m%Yak mek ke.S we;'
ksid wka; mSvdjg m;a we;' tjeks ;;a;ajhka u`. yer .ekSug f
flf<ia igk yels wdldrfhka fufyh h hq;=f' ksrdydrj isu fyda
fjkh l%uhlska fyda f flf<ia uokh l< hq;=f' ; mQcdfjka
fyda f flf<ia uokh l< hq;=f' ; mQcdfjka fyda f igk f.k
hkakd nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a Ouh wkq.ukh lrkafkla'
wdpdh uka fyd|dldr flf<ia .fIKh lr we;' Ouho
.fIKh l<y' bka ,enQ w;alS jYfhka ;u is; flf<ia j,ska re
h' fufia ;ud ,enQ w;alS ta f,dalhdg lshd ug Wkajykafia W;=re
kef.kysr m%foaYhg im%dma; h'
Wkajykafia ks;ru wjOdrKh l< Ou fldGdihla we;' tk"
mxp n, hqKq lsuhs' Y%oaOd" h" i;s" iud" m[a[d' fuu n, my
we;s wfhl=g l=ula l<o" fldfya .sho" id:l ; .; lsug yelsf'
Wkajykafiaf.a w;alS wkqj f Ou my ia;r lr;s'
Y%oaOd fuh k nq oyu ms<sn| wp, Y%oaOdjhs' ish ukqIHhkag
f oyu wjfndaO l< yelsh' tfy;a m%;sm;a;s ta wdldrfhka wkq.ukh
68
uOHu hq.h
l< hq;=hs' h kl wms urKhg m;ajk nj wms oksuq' wms urKhg m;a
jkafka flf<ia j,ska mrdch o @ lu mdl j,ska mrdcho @ ke;fyd;a
wms urKhg m;a jkafka flf<ia ch.%yKh lro @ lu mdl ch.%yKh
lro @ l=vd orejka jqjo ch.%yKhg leu;s fj;s mrdchg fkdleue;s
f' mrdch jQ wh fndfyda lg m;afj;s' ;u lska ula ke;' ;u l
blaujd ureK;a lula ke;ehs mji;s' fufia flf,ia keue;s i;=rkag
ji`. f' mrdch iu`. id:l m%;sM, n,dfmdfrd;a;= h fkdyel'
ch.%yKh ,nd urKh m;a w;af;a nqka ry;=ka jeks fY%aIaG
mqoa.,hkah' wms o Wkajykafia,d wkqlrKh l< hq;=hs' Wkajykafia,df.
a Y%oaOdj" Hh" bjiSu" i;s" m[a[d" wms mQKh l< hq;=hs' Wkkajla
ke;sj i;sfhka f;drj fuu n, ,nd .; fkdyelsh' nq oyu w;s W;a;u
nqjrekaf.a foaYkdjls' th wkqukh l< g wmg m%{dj my< f' wms
fudayfhka uq,d jQ g lsis jkdlula ke;' fudayh w.h lrkafka ljfrlao @ fudayfhka uq,d la ;rKh l< yelso @ OQ;dx. NsCIqj ks;ru
m%{dfjka is;s'
wdpdh uka fujeks foaYkd ks;r ;u YsIHhkag lr;s' ;u
w;alSfuka f ish ia;r myod fo;s' fujeks foaYk wid OQ;dx.
NsCIQka flf<ia ch.%yKh fldg f w;anys w;s W;= wy;ajh
YdlaId;a lr;s'
l%udkql+, b.ekau
tla wjia:djl wdpdHh ukaf.a fHIaG YsIHfhla mejiQ m
Wkajykafiaf.a YsIHhka OQ;dx. mQrKfha fhfok g flf<ia ke;s wh fuka
yeisfr;s' Yd, ixLHdjla tlu m%foaYfha jdih l< kuq;a lsisfjl=f.
a fkdukd yeisula ke;' yqol,d iSf fyda wkqka iu`. iduQyslj
;u lghq;= lsf" /iaul" fyda iEu wjia:djlu b;du ikaiqka
,S,dfjka yeisfr;s' wdpdHh uka iu`. idlPd lrK ldrKd fkdokakd
flfkla Wkjykafia,d ish fokdu ry;kajykafia,d hehs is;;s' i;Hh
fmfkkafka Wkajykafia Ndjkd .eg ksrdlrKh lsu msKsi wjjdo
wkqYdikd fok gh' iEu NsCIqjlg ;u wdOHd;al hqKqjg wkqj
Wmfoia ,n;s' idudkHh iud ;;a;ajfha isg miaikdfjka m[a[dj
yd u.a.M, msKsi wjjdo ,n;s' mqoa.,slj wjjdo f fyda iuQyhlg
Wmfoia f Wkajykafia tlfy,du iel h ke;sj l:d lr;s' th
69
iarh' fkdfi,ajk iqh' ;ud w;alSfuka l:d lrK nj fma%CIlhskag

wjfndaO f' Wkajykafia wkqudkfhka fyda uqyqK bPdjg fyda l:d
fkdlr;s' zzfuh fufia h yelshZZ wd jYfhka iel lsPd ke;'
wid isk ish fokdg fyd|dldr jegfya' Ouh ljod kuq;a wjfndaO
lrk njg iel ke;sf'
;u wkq.dlhkag iqiq foaYkd Wkajykafia foaYkd lr;s' ish
fokdgu h ugul wjfndaOhla bk ,ef' Ndjkd ms<fj;a ia;r lrK
g ishu fokdg th wkq.ukh lsug yelsf' .sys whg iqiq Ndjkd
ta whg foaYkd lr;s' odkh" iS,h" Ndjkd .ek ia;r lr;s' f lreKq
ksi;a njla ,eug iqiq fj;a' tfukau fuh Ydikfha w;a;sjdru f'
hfula ksi;a njla ,nkafka odk" iS," Ndjkd .sh wd;auj, mqre mqyqKq
l< neks'
odkh hkq wkqkag ;udf.a ffu;s%h oyd fmkauhs' .=K .rel
wh ;ukag wh;a foa wkqka iu`. fnod .ks;s' th jHuh fyda Ouh
fyda h yelsh' lsisu n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla ke;sj th fohs' bkajk lu
mdl muKla woyi fo;s' hfula jer f,i yeisreKq g Tyqg iudj
u f odkuh ls%hdjls' oka fok ;eke;a;d yg lemS fmfkk wdfrday
mkdy ,laIK we;' fm!reIhla we;' fohka" ksiqka yd i;=ka mjd
f whg leu;s fj;s' .sh .sh ;ek Wo Wmldr ,ef la" mSvd" <s
njla fkd,ef' iudch odkm;shdg Wiia f,i f.!rj olaj;s' fmdfydi;a
jqj;a uiqre wh odkm;shdf.ka wOdr ,n;a' .S" mam;a wh o ,n;a' odkfha mdl jYfhka kej; Wmam;a;sh ,nkafka hi biqre im;a we;sjh'
f,dalfha iunr wdlhla we;s jkafka odkh fok neks' wkqkag Wo
Wmldr lrka ;udf.a iem im;a fnod .;a g" ;Hd.YS,S.;s we;sg"
j;a f f;areula we;' odkm;shd wm ish fokdgu wjYH mqo.
a ,fhls'
odkm;shka ke;s f,dalh md ysia" j| f,dalhls'
iS,h ksidf.a whs;sjdisl wdrlaId lrhs' ishu ukqIHhkag
wjYH .=K Ouhls' iS,h ke;s ksidf.a .=Khla ke;' th ksia j.hd
ojd,k .skakls' YaiS,hka ksid f,dalh yd iudch kdY f' lsisfjl=g
ks,af,a i;=ka jdih l< fkdyel' , uqo,a wd jHuh foa YS,hg jvd
Wiia lsu ksid f,dalfha wdrlaIs; ;ekla ke;' jHuh iem im;a wyi
Wig we;;a YS,h ke;sg we;sjk .skak iQHh rYauhsg ks.d lrhs'
nqrcdKka jykafia iS,h ksidg w;HdjYh nj j|d<y' ksid
70
uOHu hq.h
h iel ksid la .sks j,ska fjka is;s' Yajdih" i;Hh k iS;,

j;=frka ish la .sks ksjd,hs' flf<ia n; mqoa.,hka f,dalfha fkdfhla
wdldr .sks j,ska ojd,;a' f flf<ia n; is;a is,a .=Khlska f;dr jQ g
Il=re imhka fuka f,dj ish .=K Ou kid,hs w;s fYa%IG
a nqrcdKka
jykafiaf.a ksflf<ia is; iy oiw; me;s mj;sk iS, iq.kaOh ksid
f,dalhg idor ix.%yhla f,i iduh yd mS%;sh f.k we;' f ksid wm
hlsis ud.hla wkq.ukh fldg f,dalfha mj;sk w;s Nhxlr flf<ia
.sks yd YaiS,l uev,sh hq;=hs' iS,h hkq flf<ia frda.hg Tiqjls' iS,h
ksid flf<ia frda.h iqj l< yelsh'
wdpdh uka b;d lreKdfjka is,j
a ;a lf l=i,;djh yd Yai,
S lf
wl=i,;djh meye,s lr ks' th .sys whg fl;r wjYHo h;a uu o
mkais,a /lSug is;=fj' tfy;a uu 27 Wmimod YS,h rlsk nj miqj
u;la h' tu foaYkh wik g fudfyd;l wu;luls' t;r nr idr
foaYkdjls' f nj uu wka NsCIQkag fkdlSf uu msiafila hehs is;k
neks' uf.a uqvq l< ysi u;la jqfha miqjh' mkais,a /lSf wdksYxi
t;r is;a wdlIKh lf<ah' ;u isf;a i;sh ke;s jQ g fkdfhla jer
j,g fm<f' fuh isf;a iajNdjhhs' ksrka;fhka i;s m[a[d isf;a
;ekam;a h hq;=hs'
Ndjkdj hkq is; l=i,;djfhys mqre lsuhs' f mqreoao ksid
wkjYH f,i w;s Odjkh yd wj,Sjkh j<lajd,hs' uOHia:j isysnqoafhka idOdrK i i<iajhs' th i;=g" iduh" ;Dma;sh f.k foa' Ndjkd
mqre ke;s is; l=ud fuka lsis jevl ksis wdldr fkdfhfoa' tneka
ldHCIu;djhla ke;' l< jevj,ska ksis m%;sM, ke;' ffoksl ;fha
ish jevlghq;= l=i,;djhlska lsug Ndjkdj jeo.;a f'
Ndjkd mqre ;eke;a;d yg iarj /ug kex.=r we;' wkjYH
foa w;ayeu" ksjer ;SrK" idOdrK i fohs' bka ish fokdgu
M,odhS f' j;udkh ksrjq,a f' tg w;S; wkd.; ish,a, ksrjq,a f'
Ndjkd fhda.S wh h fohla lrk g id:l m%;sM, ,ef' ;u ldh
id:l lsu .ek i bka ,efnk ,dN m%fhdack fkd;lhs' tneka
;ud l< jev .ek wdmiq n,d i;=gq fj;s' idOdrK" hqla;s .rel neka
is;=,s - jpk - ls%hdj, md,khla w;' Tjqka i;Hfha msysgd lghq;=
lr;a' flf<ia j,g ji`. wjg mirfhka tk fkdfhla fm< j,g
.e;s fkdf' ;eka ;eka j,g hE B fkdfhla kE tmd l" y jer
fkdn,d ys;=uf;a ls%hd lsula ke;' ;Kaydj ksid ks;ru wms .e;sl
lruq' we;af;kau j.lsj hq;a;d wmsuh' wkqkag jer wdfrdamKh l< hq;=
71
ke;' i;s" m[a[d ke;sg f lsisjla isys nqoafhka fkdlr;a' lrK

yeu foau la mdl f.k foa' flf<iaj, ;;a;ajh fufia neka Tyq
miqmi wjdikdj yq n'
Ndjkdj Ialr jkafka is; md,kh l< hq;= neks' ks,af,a j mek
wek jfrla yS,E lsug Ialr jkakdla fuks' Ndjkdj ;=<ska ;u is;
ykd .ks;s' isf;a ;;a;ajh k ksYap, taldldj isug fkdj W;=rk
j;=frka ms<siafik g lE flda .ika jkakdla fuka ta f wruqfKa j
mek weuhs' f is; ykd .;a miq th yS,E lsug hlsis wruqKl
r|jd .; hq;=hs' is; ;u wdYajdi m%dYajdifha r|jd .ekSu b;d fyd|
Ndjkdjls' hlsis iqiq jpkhla kej; kej; isys lsu fyd| l%uhls'
zznqoafOd nqoafOda $$ - Ofuda $$ - ixf>da $$ - f,daud $$ - kLd $$ oka;d
- $$ ;fpd $$ wd jpk fufkys lsug bhg miqmig fufkys lsu
fyda iCOdhkd lsfuka iqiq luia:dk fj;a' urKdkqii
a ;sh fyda wkali
s s
fn!oaO Ndjkd wruqKq b;d fhda.H f' i;=g y iekiSu isf;a ksi, ikaiqka
nj" Ydka; nj" fuu Ndjkdj,ska we;s flf'
fuu ksi, ikaiqka Ndjhg iud hehs lshkq ,ef' iudhg m;a
jQ g uq,ska mqre l< luia:dk wjYH ke;' iud isf;a .uH;djh"
Yla;sh ;=<ska tu ikaiqka ksi, nj mj;aj;s' tg uq,a wruqKq ;djld,sl
w;ayer f iud iqjh N=la;s hs' is; iudfhka bj;a jQ miq kej;
luia:dkfhys msyg
s d iud.; h yelsh' fufia is; fndfyda f,d iud
iqjfhka miqjk g isf;a l" Nh" iel w fkdfhl=;a flf<ia ixis
hhs' Hh jvka kej; kej; iudfhys msysu ksid is; md,kh f'
i;sh msysgqjhs' j;udkfhys is; r|d .; yelsf' ;u ldHh flfrys
imQK wjOdkh we;s neka is; Yla;u
s ;ah' jev ldhCIuh' ksjerh"
ksrjq,ah ;ukag;a wkqkag;a mS%;sh" ;Dma;sh f.k foa' uq,ska is; md,kh lr
.ekSug fkdyels jqjo ka Ndjkdjg uy;a Wkkajla we;sf' tneka
blauKska is; luia:dkhl fh iud.; f'
iudhg m;a jQ g is; lsis lf,l wu;l fkdjk m ikaiqka
f' ms%;s" iqL we;sf' fuh m%;HCI lf<a tla j;djla jqjo th wu;l
fkdjk isoahls' kej; kej; is; iud .; lr .ekSug fkdyels k
Yd, lla" mdvqjl" wdidjla fka' kej; kej; W;aidy f.k iud
is; hqKq l< hq;=h'
Ndjkdj .ek l:d lrk g Tng uy;a wiykhla ne lula
fka' tneka th mqre lsug fkdleue;sf' Tn fufia is;hs zzuf.
72
uOHu hq.h
a brKu fuhhs' ug ljodj;a Ndjkd l< fkdyelsh' uf.a f.or fodf

iy jev mf<a ldHh nyq,h' iudc j.lS we;' ore uqKqnqrka /l n,d
.; hq;=h' Ndjkdjl / weia mshdf.k ld,h .; lrk g f jev
lrkafka ljqo@ wmg yduf;a uefrkak fjhs'ZZ fufia is; jkd wjia:
djla meyer y' fujeks woyia h isf;a ;ekam;a we;' ta ksid fuf;la
l,a lska ug fkdyels h' wkd.;fha;a fufiau is;kjd we;' Bg
m%;slu kau l< hq;=hs'
Ndjkdj hkq wm isf;a wkka; iir mgka ;snQ wiyk la" mSvd wm
uevf.k is flf<ia hgm;a lr ch.%yKh lsuhs' ffoksl ;fha
lrK wksl=;a ls%hd fuka Ndjkdj .ek is;sh hq;=hs' WKqiq je jQ g
iakdkh lruq' YS; je jQ g WKqiq we wuq' l=i.sks we;s jQ g
wdydr .ksuq' wikSmhl fnfy;a .ksuq' f yeu fohlskau ksid l
u`. yrjd .kS' zzth wjYH fkdf" lror jehs'ZZ wd jYfhka is;ka
w;a fkdy;a' iEu flflau f msKsi Wkka fj;s' i;=ka mjd wdydr
fidhka uy;a Hhla or;s' km;d fuh isf' Ndjkdj fujeksu
ldHhls' fuh ;u is; ikaiqka lr .kakd l%uhls' is; hkq ishu w;ska
ls%hdld;ajhka md,kh lrK bkash neks'
is; yeu fohg uQ,l
s f' iEu wjia:djlu j.lSu .kafka" m%;p
s dr
olajkafka is;hs' l=uk fohla jqjo is; Wkka th .%yKh lrhs' fyd|
fyda krl" y fyda jer yeu fohlau is;g t,a, f' iuyr g bjikag
ne la mSvd jqjo is;g Wiq,kag f' f is;g lr lshd .kag l%uhla
ke;s jqjo bis,sh hq;=h' tu mSvdj kej; kej;;a u;lfhka wdfrdamKh
f' lEu lkag fyda ksokag jqjo fkdyelsjk ;rug is; f nr Wiq,hs'
tfy;a is; w; yeula ne lula fkdmdhs' Ydl jHdhdufha j,
jQ g fl .; yelsh' tfy;a isf;a ls%hdld;ajhg lsis ksoyila ke;'
kskao hk ;=re tu mSvdj ;s' tg;a is; ls%hd;aul f' h ysf;a fkdfhla foa lrlef' tys iSudj blaujd ls%hd lrka isysk ujhs' fufia yeu
fudfydf;au is; bis,sh fkdyels wflhlska" w;Dma;shlska l,a f.jhs'
tys wiS; ls%hdld;ajh ksid bis,sh fkdyels oreKq ;;a;ajhlg m;af'
f nj is; fkdokS'
ks;ru fufia mSvd ka hqo jk ksid is;g zzhqo NghdZZ hehs lSu
j' tk tk yeufoau .%ykh lrka m%;spdr olajhs' fmdr nhs" fudkh
is;=,s lkaordjla jqjo ta ish is;s,sj,g uqyqK fohs' w;a fkdyhs'
lsij
s la w;afkdyhs' wNsfhda. olajhs' isf;a flf<ia iy uu;ajh fYaIf-
73
hka Wkkafjhs' mqu hqO Ngfhls' ;h we;s ;dla l,a f hqoaOh f.k
hhs' bka ula ke;' is; ;=< we;s wiS; wdidjka fufia ch.%yKh
lrkafka Ouhg m%;sreoaOjh' bka ,efnk i;=g Ouh mrdch lsfuks'
wOuh rc lsfuks' f,!lsl iem im;a fl;r we;;a Ouh ke;s
neka bka ,nk i;=g lsisu iEySulg m;a fkdlrhs' ;j ;j;a wdidj,a
mek k.sk neks'
nqoaOd uyd m%{hka jykafia,d f ;;a;ajh ykdf.k Ouh
jodrd we;' Ouh ke;s g ;u wdidjka uqka m;a lr .ekSug fldmuK
foa ,enqK;a ;Dma;shla ke;' Ouh ke;s ;ek fydod md kdia;shla oelal
yelsh' fndfyda foa /ia l<;a bka lsis iekiSula ke;'
ta w;ru is; ikaiqka jQ g keu m%Yakhla bfha fkdfi,a
isug Yla;h
s we;s flf' is; mqu hg ;Dma;u
s ;a f' Wmka fudfydf;a
isg f olajd wm is;g wiS; la fokd lmk fkdlvjd we;' wfma
jdykhg fun jO ysxid ka g th w;ajehd lsug fkdyels neka
is lr l=Kq f.dvlg ug isf' wms md lrK ishu NdKav
ks;ru kv;a;= lrka
/l .; hq;=h' is; o tfiauh' wmg wh;a
b;du w.kd zzNdKavhZZ f is;hs' th ksis fia kv;a;= lrka /l n,d
.; hq;=h'
Ndjkdj hkq f is; wdrlaId lr kv;a;= lsuls' f is; wm i;=
w, jia;=jls' th ksis wldr myrKh l< hq;=h' iqiq Ndjkd ukisldr
;=<k
s a is; /l .; hq;=h' ;u jdykh jka g fidais lrka w;ajehd
lsug is jkakdla fuka isf;a ls%hdld;ajhg wjYH wx." ms<sh" wdOdr"
Wmldr iemhsh hq;=h' tk Ndjkdj ;=<ska is; mlaid n,d tys yg
.kakd ixLdr .ek uid k .ekSuhs' isf;a yg .kakd is;=,s jev
odhlo @ wjevodhlo @ ;u ;h kdY lsulao @ l=uk is;=,s fyd|o
@ krlo @ bkamiq Yrh foi mslaid ne,sh hq;=h' Yrh j, ff.
k h;ao @ Yla;su;a fo @ Yrh le hk f.h jeo @ wvqo@ f
ms<sn| mslaiSug hk f.h jeo @ wvqo @ f ms<sn| mslaiSug ld,h
t<U we;ao @ ke;ak wu;l lr .; hq;=o @ Yrh urKfhka wjidk
ug fmr tys ls%hdld;ajh k .; hq;h' Ndjkdj hkq fuhhs' wfma wvq
yq~q kej; kej;;a olska m%;slu fhuhs' fufia m%;HfCId lrK
g yska tyda ilauka lrka fyda fjk;a ffoksl lghq;=j, fyda ;u
is;g ks;ru i;=g iekiSu ,ef' ;h .ek wdvnrula ke;' tg
w;Dma;shg m;aula ke;' uOHia:j is;Sug mqre f' wkjYH foaj,
74
uOHu hq.h
fj,S meg,S ke;'

Ndjkdj ;=<ska ,efnk fyd| mdl .ek l:d lsug fkdyels
;rh' .sys whg wjYH m%udKfhka wdpdh uka Wmfoia ks' kuq;a NsCIQka jykafia,dg wy;ajh olajd Wmfoia Ks' ud fu;rka fuys i|yka
lrkafka Wkajykafiaf.a W.ekaf l%u ms<sn| h ;rul wjfndaOhla
ugh' iuyr g f lreKq wkjYH f,i yef`.a' tfy;a ish f,dl= l=vd
foa ish,a, fuys wka;.; fkdl< g h W!k;djhla we;sh yelsh'
mdGlhdf.a fpkh uu idorfhka ms<s.ks' th uf.a j,lula i
wpdh ukaf.a j,lula f,i fkdi,lk fuka b,a,' Wkajykafia f
fmd; ,sfuys lsish n,mEula lr ke;'
wdpdh uka .eUqre foaYkd lrkafka ;u me Y%djl msighs' uu
fkdfhla fha lghq;=j, fhk neka uf.a w;alS j,g wur;j
Wkajykafiaf.a wksl=;a Y%djl msi fj; f.dia lreKq f.dkq lf<'
Wkajykafiaf.a ms<sfj;a b;d Ialrh' W.% ;miah' wIaGdkfhka hq;=
neka fkdfjkiajk iqh' Wkajykafiaf.a tu oCI;djhg iudk lsug
tlu YsIHfhl=g j;a fkdyels nj lsj hq;=h'
Wfodka ;dks iy fkx lhs m%foaYfha jdih lrK ld,fha fndfyda
fojre meK Wkajykafia iu`. Ou idlPdf fhky' iuyr fo
msia i;s follg jrla fkdlvjdu meKqks' iuyre uilg jrla meKqks'
wdpdh uka kd. f,dalh .ek fndfyda ia;r lshd we;' ,dia rf
wx m%yx ys Yd, l msys m%foaYhg Yd, kd. rdcOdkshla msysgd
we;' tys jik wm;s kd.hd Ouh Y%jKh lsug kd. fiakdj iu`.
t;s' fojre ;r kd.fhda m%Yak fkdwi;s' tfy;a b;d f.!rjdka;j
Wkajykafiaf.a foaYkdj,g ijka fo;s' tu l uqfka jdih lrK ld,fha
Wkajykafia yuqug kd. m%Odkshd km;du meKsfhah' ta whf.a meKSu Wkajykafia l,ska okakd neka ksh; f,djg n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka
is;s' fuh b;d Ialr ukqIHhkaf.ka f;dr wE; m%foaYhls' kd.fhda
uOHu rd;s%fha fkdj rd;S% 10-11 jk g mefK;s' Tyq meK ;ukag
wkqlmdfjka tys jev jdih lsug wdrdOkd l<y' ? oj,a fkdlvjd
/lj,a fhdod Wkajykafia wdrlaId lrk nj ie<l+y' Wkajykafia
imhg fkdmeK wE;ska isg n,df.k is;s' fojre uOHu rd;s%fha
iy t<sfjk hdufha j;s' ksia wdjdifhka fndfyda wE; k 10-11 jk
75
g jqjo mefK;s'
wdpdh ukaf.a uOHu jhia iSudf ffoksl jev ms<sfj, fufiah'
whu oyfhka miq oj,a jk ;=re ilaufka miqfj;s' bkamiq iq flhls'
bkamiq meh tlyudrla muK yska Ndjkd lr;s' bkamiq iji y;r jk
;=re ilaufka fhfo;s' rd;s% 7-8 jk ;=re ilauka lr jeis ke;ak kej;
ilaufka fhfohs' idudkHfhka rd;S% 11 isg whu 3 olajd kskaog hhs'
fojre lKavdh folla meKs g fofjks lKavdhu tkag iQodk
nj lS g m<uq lKavdhu iuq.ks;s' iuyrg fojre iQ;% foaYkd .ek
wi;s' foaYkdj, k oekg Nd;fha fkdue;s b;d merKs ku lsh;s'
tg ta whg wjYH iQ;% foaYkd lrK g th fkdj wka iQ;%hla nj kq
fo;s' tg th u;la lsug tu iQ;%fha .d:djla icCOdhkd lr;s' tjeks
.d:d tlla folla lS g iQ;%h u;la f'
iuyr g" fojre iy kd.fhda tl fj,df meK Ouh wi;s'
fuh ks;ru isfjk g ta whg fYaI ld,h kshu lr;s' Wkajykafia
uy >k le,Ef yqol,dj jdih l<;a f ksid ksoyila ke;' fkdfhla
foaj ldhslhka mefKk neks' ukqIHfhda tu m%foaYj,g fkdmefKk
neka jd ld,h ;rul ksoyi we;' . j,g wdikakj isk g ijia
hdufha ksiqkag Ouh foaYkd lr;s' bkamiq NsCIQkag;a" ? fnda jQ g
wukqIHhkag;a foaYkd lr;s'
fjki we;af;a is;=,sj,

wdpdHh uka lSug meKs fohka .ek ,shd we;s neka ka
ksiqka .ek ,sh' uuo ksia j.hdg wh;a neka g we;=<;a f' f
ms<sn| ,shk g hula kqiqiq hs jegfya k Bg uu iudj wh' uf.a
p;h uer jer tlls' ta nj f fmd; lshjk g ikd: h yelsh'
wdpdHh uka ;u wkq.dlhskag mqoa.,slj lshd we;s foa fuys wvx.=
lr' Bg ug iudfjd' fuh ud ,shkafka Tng fojre iy ksid w;r
fjki k .ekSu msKsih'
fojre Wkajykafia iu`. l:d lrK hg jvd ksik
q a l:d lrK
h yd;amiska fjkia f' Ou foaYkdj idjOdkj wid ish,a, f;are
.ekSf Yla;h
s la fohkag we;' foaYkh wjidkfha idOq" idOq" idOq hehs
;=ka jrla idOqldr fo;s' ta kdoh uq ilaj,j,a j, kskakdo f' tfy;a
76
uOHu hq.h
ksiqkag fkdwefia' ishu fojre NsCIQkajykafia,dg wm%udK Nla;s"

f.!rj lr;s' tla flfklaj;a Ouh ,sys,a lr ys;=ukdfma fkdyeisfr;s'
Ouh wikag tk ,dih b;du ,laIK ms<sfj,g isys l,amkdfjka
fyysg mefK;s' ksiqka tfia fkdj lshdfok Ouh fkdf;af' kej;
kej; lSj;a is;g fkd.ks;s' lshk foa wid k th ls%hd;aul fkdlr;s'
ta kuq;a Ou foaYkh fpkh lr;s' lsis f.!rjhla ke;sj zzTyq fudkjdo ta lshkafka @ lsis f;areula ke;ehs lsh;s'ZZ wij,a NsCIqj ;r
fyd| keyeZZ lsh;s' l,ska uyK we;s wh zzuu uyK isk ld,fha
Thsg jvd fyd|g nK lshkjd' uu nK lshk g ksiaiq iskdfikjd'
uu yslrkjd ke;ak nd.hla ksZZ lsh;s' iuyre fufiao lsh;a' zzf
NsCIqj wkqkaf.a is;a okakjd k uu f ys;k foa wehs fkdokafka okakjd
k wvq ;rka h fohla lshd' f f,df wij,a wh fufyu ys;kjdZZ
tg wmg Tmamq fjkjdfk' we;af;kau wfma is;a okak nj fufia iup,
lr;s' iuyre jer n,kak t;s' ;udf.a kqu Bg jvd je nj lsh;s' f
wh Ouh .ek lsis Wkkajla ke;' nK lshdf jevla ke;' ;drdjf.a
msf j;=r jla lrkjd fuks' tl ksjlaj;a tys fkd?f|a'
wdpdHh uka fujeks foa lshka iskdfi;s' fujeks zzoCIZZ wh
Wkajykafiag ka g uqK .efya' iuyre ;u oDIafha isg ;u u;h
lshd mdhs' th Tmamq lrkakg lreKq bm;a lr;a' iuyre ;u udkh
fl;ro lsjfyd;a lsisjla l:d fkdlr;s' iuyrekaf.a udkh fl;ro
h;a Wkajykafia Tjqkag Ouh foaYkd fkdlr;s' tfy;a iudcfha isk
g hula lshkakg isf' tfy;a Wkajykafia l:d lrkag mgka .;a g
lsisjla lsh fkdyelsh' Ouh wu;l hhs' udkh bfha Ouh mrdch
m,d.sfhah' Wkajykafiaf.a Yrh muKla ksYap,j we;' wm%dKsl fndakslaflla fuka is' is; wls%hld jQ g Ouh .,d tkafka flfiao@
fujeks foa lshka wdpdh uka ;u Y%djlhska iu`. iskdfi;s' wid
is wh w;r iuyrekag WK .kS' iuyre YS;f,a fj,;s' YS;, foaY
.=Khla ke;sj we`. fj,hs' iuyr ;o udkaklaldr whg Wkajykafia
foaYkd lrkafka ke;' th I Tjqka frda.d;=r jk neks' Ouhg
Nla;s" wdor f.!rjfhka fkdwik whg fufia la mdl kakg isf'
Wkajykafiaf.a Ouh f.dapr jkafka b;d fyd| ksy;udks whgh' Ouh
wik g tu msi w;r iuyrekag WIaKh bjish fkdyelsh' iuyrekag
YS;, bjish fkdyelsf' iuyre is; iud.; wyfia mdfjkakdla fuka
ieye,a f' f ish,,gu fya;=j ;u yojf;a we;s is;s,s f' Ouh
ord .eksug ne flfkl=g lsis Wmldrhla l< fkdyelsh' tjeks whg
77
Ouh foaYkd l< g th Tjqkaf.a mydksh f' tneka ksiqkag Ouh

foaYkd lsu wiSre lreKls' l fofkla w;r jqjo" fujeks ydkshg
m;afjk wh we;' wdpdh uka tjeks wjia:dj, Tjqka w;a y;s' wl=i,
lu mdl n,j;a neka Tjqkag Ouh f.dapr fkdf'
iuyre b;d .=K .rel ; .; lrka Ouh fidhd t;s' tjeks
wh b;d r,h' ta whg Wkajykafia Ouh jodr;s' Ouhg mgyeks ;
.; lrk wh fndfydah' tneka Wkajykafia jkdka;r .; is;s' tys
Wkajykafiag leu;s wkaoka Ndjkd ms<f
s j;a /lSug yelsh' lsif
s jl=f.ka
n,mEula ke;' Wkajykafia olsk yeufoau" wik yeufoau" is;k yeufoau"
Ouh f' bka wiS; ;Dma;shg m;af' le,E jk i;=ka jre" .snka"
,e.=ka .=j oji mqrd w;=j, t,a,S lS%vd lr;s' tlsfkldg l:d lrK
Yo jkh fodaxldr lrka Wkajykafiaf.a isf;a mqu wiajeis,a,la we;s
flf' Tjqka Wkajykafiag lsih
s n,mEula ke;' j mek weka wdydr
fidh;s' fuu iqkaor yqol,dj iEu w;skau pu;aldrcklh' ta fudfydf;a
wjidk yqiau fyj;a m%Yakhla ke;' ;uka f f,dalhg ;ksj meK
;ksj hkafkah' th iajdNdlh' ry;kajykafia fufia ksrjq,aj msksjka
md;s' isf;a lsisu lla" nhla" iella" wdidjla ke;' tl lhla iy is;la
we;' tl wruqKls' tk ksjkhs' lsis j.lSula ke;' ta wdh mqoa.,fhda
W;= ; .; lr W;= f,i f,dalfhka iuq.ks;s' w;s mdY=oaO is; ;=<
lsish we,S .e ke;' fuh idudkH ksidf.a ;hg jvd yd;amiska
fjkia f' ksid ;u w;Dma;slr yoj; ;j ;j;a wdidj,ska mqrjd uyd
nrla Wiq,hs' f wdhj;=ka jykfia,d ish,a, w;ayer ysia lr;s' nrla
bis,Sula ke;' is; ksoyiah" ysiah" iqyo;djhls' lsisjla we;=,a lsula
fyda msg lsula ke;' kE tmd lula ke;' .KqfoKqjla ke;' ,dN w,dN
ke;' jev ksujd wjidkh' l<hq;= ;j lsisjla ke;' fufia jev w;ayeu
hkq by<u i;=gls' kuq;a ksid ksrka;rfhkau jefvys fhfoka ;h
lska mqrjd .kshs' Tyqg bka ula ke;' urK fudfydf;a j;a ksoyi
ke;' jev bjr ke;'
wdpdh uka iy fohka w;r b;d lsgq inkaO;djhla ;snqKs'
tfy;a ud bka iuyrla muKla u;lfhka ,shd we;' Wkajykaia fkdfhla m<d;aj, ieirK g ,enQ w;alS Oh' fohka .ek ks;ru
mji;s' th f.dkq lsug fkdyelsh' Wkajykafiaf.a ; m%jD;a;sh .ek
,shk neka fohka .ek f;dr;=re ka g i|yka f' Bg mdGlhdf.
a iudj uu wh'
78
uOHu hq.h
g wjqre 20lg m%:u wdpdh uka msksjka mEy' tneka f

olajkafka tjeks ld,iSul f;dr;=re fj;a' tl, is fojre iy ksiqka
ka fjkia we;ehs is;' j;udkfha j;a jk kk f,dalfha isk
wh b;d iS; wdOHd;al .=K j.djla we;s msi f' wdpdh uka iu`.
jdo l< wh jeks wh ka olakg ke;' wOHdmkh w;ska fndfyda Yd,
fjkila we;' W.;a f,dalhd w;r t;r f,aP woyia ke;' tneka
wo f,dalh ;rula idOdrKh'
wdpdh uka Wfka ;dks m%foaYfha NsCIQkg
a yd ksik
q g
a Ou foaYkd
lrka fndfyda ld,hla .; l<y' bkamiq kef.kysr m%foaYfha ifldka
kfLdka m,d;g .uka l<y' l fy,a w;r l=vd .udk miq lrka
kfLdka *fkd yryd YS% fidxl% m%foaYfha .udjk j, ie ierEy'
f m,d;a b;d Ialr le,Eno uef,ahd frda.h me;ss w;s m<d;a h'
uef,ahdj iqj l< fkdyel' fndfyda l,a la ka j;a jkakg isf'
ud l,ska mejiqjdla fuka zzkeuhs,kaf.a kskaodjZZ hkqfjka fuu frda.h
k lr;s' ulaksido f frda.Skag wekag iy wdydr .ekSug yels kuq;a
lsish jevla lsug fkdyels uhs' tneka wkqkaf.a wmydij,g m;af'
iuyre urKhg m;afj;s' jia ;=kla tk wjqre 3la wdpdh uka fuys
/ ishy' f ld,h ;=< NsCIQka jykafia,d lSm kula f frda.fhka
wmj;a jQy' f NsCIQka wE; ire .udk j,ska meKs neka uef,ahd
frda.h uokh l< fkdyelsh' wdpdh uka iu`. uyd le,fha j;a
ug kqmqre neka wjg .udkfha l=Uqre wdikak m%foaYhg .shy'
wdpdh uka f m%foaYfha ijia hdufha NsCIqka yd idufKarhskag
nK lsh;s' fidxl%;a .f`.a jdih lrK tla;rd kd.fhla nK weiSug
ks;ru ths' ksh; fj,djg tkag fkdyels jQ g rd;s%fha wdpdh uka
iud jQ g mefKhs' fojre by< foaj f,dal j,ska yd my< foaj
f,dal j,ska mefK;s' ta wh fYaIfhkau jia iudoka jk kh" uOHu
kh" wjidk kh fkdjrojdu mefK;s' wdpdh ukaf.a foaYk j,g
ijka ug ks;ru fojre j;s'
,s| iEf isoah

nx ix f*dx .f jdih lrK ld,fha wuq;= isoahlg wdpdh uka
uqyK
q ks' th mdhk ld,h neka c, myiql fkdh' NsCIQka jykafia,d
60-70 la muK tys iQy' .f ksiqka iu`. l;sld lr ,s| ;j .eUqrg
79
iEug mgka .;s' tfy;a wdpdh ukaf.a wjir ,enqfKa ke;' Wkajykaia
iar iajrhlska th b;du wka;rdodhl nj mejiQy NsCIQkajykafia,dg
tys w:h woyd.; fkdyS <sx lekSug .shy'
<s| msysfha wdY%ufhka iEfyk rh' oj,a ld,fha wdpdh uka
ie;fmk nj is;d ryiska msg f.dia <sx lemSu l<y' je ld,hla
.;ug fmr <sx bjqr lvd je <s|g jegqKs' ka wjg m%foaYfha we;af;a
Yd, md;d,hls' ish fokdu Nhska ;%ia; jQy' wdpdh ukaf.a wjjdoh
fkdms<.
s ;a neka fmdf<dj lvd jegqKq kuq;a ksia ; hka;ka freKs'
wdpdh uka ;uka l< ls%hdj k .ks;shehs jvd;a h h' Tyq Yd,
j /f.k ;a wdpdh ukaf.a wdYsjdo ,efjdhhs is;ka <sx lg
m%;sixialrKh l<y' ka <sf|a j;=r llaj;a fkdue;' mquhlg fuka
wdpdh uka isysm;a lrka ta ish,a, lsug yelsh'
jev ksud jQ .i ish fokdu msg .shy' wdpdh uka tys
mefK;shs iel we;s neks' iji Ou idlPd ld,h <x jQ g tu
NsCIqka jykafia,d ieflka fhka ishy' fujeks foa is jQ g wdpdh
ukaf.a frdaOh m<lr we;s neks' iuyrg h NsCIQjla jrola
fldg th wu;l l< g iji wdpdh uka tu isoah w<,d foaYkhla
mj;aj;s' <s| lekSu ishu NsCIQkj
a ykafia,d l< jrols' th taldka;fhkau
wdpdh uka ols;s' tod iji fyda miqod Wfoa tu foaYkdjg ijka h
hq;= nj Tjqka k ishy' oji mqrdu fuu isoah ksid CIsma; is;s,s
j,ska la kaoy'
mquhlg fuka tk f iso
a h ms<n
s | tl jpkhlaj;a wdpdh uka
mejiqf ke;' fjkod fuka .eUqre Ou foaYkhla meje;ah' Wkajykafia
f isoah muKla fkdj idufKar NsCIQkaf.a fkdfhla jro gqfh' Tjqka
f ms<sn| CIsma; is;ska isk njo oks;s' ;u jro ms<s.;a neka ;j
rg;a o~qj lsug wjYH fkdh'
miqod WoEik mqre m iud iqjfhka ke.S isg ilauka lrka
ms~i
q `s .d jeug ld,h tk;=re is;s' tk Wfoa Wkajykafia Ou Yd,djg
mefKk g ish,af,dau CIsma; Ndjfhka ishy' kuq;a wdpdh
uka lreKdfjka iqjp uq jokska foaYkh l<y'
zzwm fuys meKsfha Ouh yeoEugh' wm wkjYH f,i Wodr
fkdh hq;=h' tfiau wkjYH f,i h.= fkdh hq;=h' ish fokdu
jer lr;s' jro ms<s.ekSu wjYH f' wm nqrcdKka jykafiao wE;
80
uOHu hq.h
w;S;fha wm fuka jrfoys ne ishy' tfy;a ;u je/oao ykd.;a miq

tjeks foa kej; fkdlsug wIaGdk l<y' fujeks f;kd W;= jqjo
woHd fudayh ksid jer isf' ka u;= Tn iefjdu ;u is;a md,kh
l< hq;=h' ks;ru i;sfhka ;u ls%hdjka l< hq;=hs'ZZ
fumuKla mjid ish fokd foi n,d iskdiS fjk od fuka ms~q
msKsi jehy' tk iji foaYkd fkd;snqKs' ;ukaf.a Ndjkd m%;sm;a;s
fyd|dldr islrK fuka wjjdo l<y' fufia rd;S% 3la .;h' ishu
NsCIQka jkykafia,d ;uka CIsma;j is;s' <sx lemSu .ek l:djla ke;'
4 fjksod /iajq g <s| ms<sn| lsis i|ykla fkdh'
Bg fndfyda ld,hlg miq ish fokdgu <s| .ek wu;l we;'
bfu tu isoah .ek l:d l<y' <sx .eg lvd jegqKq nj lsisfjla
fkdlshd ryis.;j ie`.jQy' wdpdHh uka <s| m%foaYhg .sfhao ke;'
fjkod fuka Ou idlPdj werUqKs' NsCIQka jykafia,df.a kh ms<sn|
jo .=rekag iy Ouhg .re l< hq;= njo mejiQy' hfula .=rejrfhl=f.
a wjjdo wkqYdikd ms<s.; hq;=h' lu mdl fya;= M, kHdh ksis f,i
jgyd .; hq;=hs'
Tn ks;ru ;u wdidjka ksid lkiai,af,ka miqfj;s' tfia jQ g Tn
;=< we;s Ouh jekfia' tg l blauug fkdyelsh' Tnf.a wruqK
l%ufhka fjkia f' Ouhg reoaOj lsisjla l< hq;= ke;' kh frda
fkdh hq;=h ;uka f.!rj lrk .=rejrhd blaujd fkd.sh hq;=h' bka
Tnu kdY jk neks' wlSlre Ndjh ksid jer mqre j,g weneys f'
tg ;uka iy wkqka jekfia' wr <s| jf ue muKla fkdj hg je,s
;gqjla ;snqKs' <s| .eUqrg ydrK g tu je,a, lvd <s| ;=<g jef'
h flfkla tys hg urKhg m;ah yelsh' tneka <s| lekSug wjir
fkdkafk' ish,a, fyd|dldr mlaId lr uu ;SrKhlg t<fU' Tn
mqyqKqfjka miqfjk neka f lreK fyd|dldr is; ;nd .kak'
uu th m%;sfCIam l< nj k k;a th fkdl<dla fuka ie`. jQfha
wehs @ uu tmd lshk foa Tn lr;s' hula lrkakg lS g Bg reoaO foa
lr;s' fujeks yeisu Tf ovnr p;h oyd mdhs' Tf foumshkag;a
tjeks foa l< kuq;a ta wh ks;ru iudj ks' ta mqre ka ;u p;h njg
m;a we;' tmukla fkdj ;u .=rejrhdg;a ;u Ouhg;a reoaO fj;s'
tjeks fkdyslauqKq ;o .;s NsCIqjlg fkdfyd' fmd orejka fuka krl
yeisuls' f mqre bhg f.k .sh g zzovnr OQ;dx. NsCIQkaZZ hehs
81
m%isoaO f' Tn myrKh lrK foa wij,a ovnr OQ;dx. NsCIqkaf.

a hehs ykajkq ,ef' f NsCIqj ovnrh" wr NsCIqj w,h' wks;a
NsCIqj isys uq,dfjks' uq wdY%uhu ta whf.ka ms we; ug b;sjkafka
udkfhka Wujd.;a f.da, msils' iefjdu ys;=jlaldr lka l,a hj;s'
Ydikfha mydksh thu f' ys;=jlaldr ug leu;s Tn lsisfjla weoao
@ tu ys;=jlaldr NsCIQkaf.a .=rejrhd lSug Tn lsisfjla leu;so @ tfia
k Tn kej;;a tys f.dia <s| iEu lrkak' t mia lkao lvd je
Tn hg fjkjd we;' tg Tn ys;=jlaldr fohkaf.a f,dalfhys bmso
ish fojre Tng wd jvkjd we;' we;af;kau tjeks foaj f,dal fyda
n%yau f,dal ke;'
bkamiq Wkajykafiaf.a l;d ffY,Sh fjkia h' wid is wh tu
foaYkfha w:h fydka ksrdlrKh l<y' Tjqkaf.a ovnr fkdukd
yeisu ms<s.;ay' Wkajykafia l:d lrk g lsisfjl=g yqiau .kag fyda
wu;l h' t;r ;ka is; wdjckh h' foaYkdjikdfha tla tla
NsCIqj fuu mqj; wdpdh ukag kajQfha ljqhs l;sld l<y' tfy;a
lsisfjla fuh fkdkajQy' th taldka;fhka ;ukagu fodia mejula jk
neks' th lSf ljfrlahs ;ju;a fkdoks;s'
idld .,a .=ydf wdpdh uka fkdfhla ;s%oHd wIag oHd [dK
my< l<y' h,a hdf Wkajykafiaf.a olaI;djh wiS; h' Wkajykafia
iu`. jdih lrK NsCIQka f ms<sn| fyd|dldr oks;s' tneka ;u wdl,am
iudl,am b;d iQCIu wkaoka ixjr h' ;u is;
= ,s i;srykfhka mej;s
g ijia hdufha foaYkfha th idlPdjg Ndckh h' tg ;uka b;du
iqmlaIdldj tu foaYkhg ijka h hq;=h' tu fudfydf;a ;ukaf.
a is;=,s Wkajykafia okakd neks' tfyhska tu fudfydf;au th b,lal
h yelsh' Wkajykafia fudfyd;lg l:dj keje;a jqjfyd;a NsCIQkaf.a
is;s,s mlaId lrK nj oks;s' fudfyd;lska tu woyia oyd olajka
rx.kh lr;s' kula i|yka fkdjqjo tu is;s,s orkakd tjekakla ka
u;= fkdlsug yslafu;s' kej; lsis fkl tjeks is;s,a,la is;Sfuka
je<fl;s'
Wkajykafia iu`. msKv
a md; pdldf hk go b;du iqmlaIdld
h hq;=h' wkjYH foa is;ka ms~q msKsi jk NsCIqjg ta ms<sn| fpkh
iji Ou idlPdf wikakg ,ef' ;ukaf.a fkdukd is;=,s .ek
weiSug ,ecd we;' wka NsCIQka ;ud foi n,;shs isf;a' wij,a mqoa.,hd
hehs ykd .;ag ishu NsCIQka wkqlmd flfr;a' foaYkdjidkfha
82
uOHu hq.h
lsisfjl=f.a is;a wukdm fkdf' iuyre th isky uqyqKska ms<s.ks;s'

zzwo wvqjQfha ljq @ZZhs wi;s' ;u jro ms<s.kafka b;du wjxl f,ih'
;u jro i`.jd isug fkdfm<f' hfula weiqfjd;a jrolrejd ;uka
nj fkdi`.jd lshhs' zzuu b;du uqrKavq flfkla Tjeks woyia is;Sug"
ug neKq wikakg isjk nj kqKs' tjeks foa is;k g wdpdh uka
oks;shs ug wu;l h' uu fyd| mdvula bf.k .;s' ka u;= tfia
fkdukd foa fkdis;
fuh lshjk Tnf.ka uu iudj wh' fujeks foa ,sug ud
fkdleu;s fj' tfy;a fujd i;H lreKq f' i;H isoakah' fuh fmd;g
we;=<;a l< hq;=hs uu fyd|dldr fpkh lf<' uu bm;a lrkafka
i;H m%jD;a;shla k tys jrola ke;ehs is;' h NsCIqjla fmdah lsf
;u jro mdfmdPdrKh lr iudj .ekSula kfha i|yka f' bkamiq
;ud jrka ksoyia f' fujeks wjia:dj, Tng fuu lreKq wkqj is;d
;u jro ms<sf.k is; ksoyia lr.; yelsf hehs uu is;'
Ndjkd ms<sfj;a rlsk NsCIQka fndfyda g wdpdh ukaf.ka ;rjgq
,nkafka ndysr wruqKq .ek is;k wdldrhg' weig fmfkk rEm" lKg
wefyk Yo .ek fnfyda g is; CIsma; f' WoEik msKavmd;h
msKsi hk g fujeks wruqKq iamY f' msKavmd;h msKsi weu
NsCIqjg wh;a ldHhls' iuyrg tu wruqKq .ek kej; kej; is;Su
ksid fkdkqj;aju is; is hhs' ;ukag tjeks foa .ek is;Sug wjYH
fkdjQj;a" tu is;s,s .,d ta' ijia jk g tu is;s,s ms<sn| Ndjkd
Yd,df wdpdh ukaf.ka fpdaokd ,ef' l klg miq kej; ms~q
msKsi hk g tu wruqK iamI f' tg ;=jd,h mEf' tg ier
fnfy;a wpdh ukaf.ka ,ef' wdpdHh uka iu`. jdih lrk fndfyda
NsCIQkag tjeks meijk ;=jd, ;snqKs' tlaflfkla ke;ak ;j flfkl=g
fnfy;a ,ef' .ug hk yeu wjia:dfu fujeks wruqKq j,ska ula
ke;' flf<ia iys; mqoa.,hskag fujeks fyd| fyda krl is;s,s we;su
iajdNdlh' tfy;a tajd Ndjkd ukisldrhg mSvd jkafka k muKla
wdpdh ukaf.a frdaOh we;' Ouhg wkqj is;Su i;s" m[a[d hqKq
lsu ksid ish la kikakg yelsf' .=rejrhdf.a ldh Ndrh ;j ;j;a
je jkaka fufia fkdukd yeis ksidh' fndfyda .Kkla NsCIQka jdih
lrK neka km;du tjeks fodaIdfrdamK wikakg f'
.=rejrfhla jYfhka Wkajykafiag ;snQ mr;a; [a[dKh ksid
;u YsIHhka .ek ukd wjfndaOhlska Wkajykafia is;a' jrolrejd
83
ksrka;rfhkau wdpdh uka iska olskq ,nhs' tneka iqiq wjjdo i;s
ixjrfhys msysg;s' tneka tjeks is;aj, t,an .ekSu mqreoaola jYfhka
fkdlr;s'
Wkajykafia iEu iq fohla jqjo wjOdkhg ,la lr;s' kh lreKq"
yeisu .ek ks;r wjjdo fok w;r iud" m[a[d jeug Wmfoia fo;s'
idld .,a .=ydf Wkajykafia i;s" iud" m[a{d ms<sn| ksmqK;jhla
,o neka tu oCI;djh ;u YsIHhskaf.a m%{djg b;d wod< h' tu
NsCIQyq tneka ksrka;rfhka iud m[a[df kshe,S ishy'
wdpdh ukaf.a iud b;d YsIagh' LKsl iud" Wmpdr iud"
wmkd iud tl fia hqKqj mej;=ks' tla iudhlska ;j;a iudhlg
h;a' bkamiq kej;;a tu iudhg h;a' LKsl iudfhka Wmpdrhg m;a jQ
g ,CI .Kka wruqKq iaf' fma%;" foaj" kd. wdkaf.a wkka; Ndjhka
olS' Wmpdr iudfhka fohka wd w;skash foa olS' wefia' th ukqIH
weia" lka j,g Ih fkdf' iuyr wjia:djkays Wkajykafiaf.a is;
isrefrka .s,syS md by< foaj f,dal n%yau f,dal j,g f.dia tys wdldrh
olS' iuyr g wmdh f,dalj,g hhs' Nhdkl la k i;a;ajhka olS'
fufia Wv" hg wd jpk Nd;d l< kuq;a is;s,s j,g th wod<
fkdf' th b;d ish
q neka ia;r l< fkdyelsh' Yrh jeks >k foa Wv
hg hdug h Yla;shla wjYH jqjo is;a .uka lsug tjeks Yla;s wjYH
fkdf' foaj f,dal" n%yau f,dal" ksjk" wmdh wdh wm ia;r lrK g
wm by<" my< wd kq oKavla fhj;a udkisl ls%hdld;ajhg tjeks
uekSula l< fkdyelsh' by< n%yau f,dal iy my< foaj f,al .ek is;k
g wfma nkaOkd.drj, isk whs' wd' iS isrlrejka" iq o~qj
k isrlrejka iu`. tl nkaOkd.drfha iskakdla fuks' f nkaOkd.
drh msysgd we;af;a idudkH ksiqka isk mirhlh' f ish fokdu
ksia j.hg wh;a fj;s' tlu rgl tlu m<d;l jdh lr;s' fjkila
we;af;a ta wh h wdldrhlska fldgq isuhs'
fuu isr.; wh iu`. idudkh jeishkag ;u weia" lka wd bkaSyq
;=<ska woyia yqjudre lr.; yelsf' tfy;a ;uka fldgq isk neka
iunr;djhla fkdue;' tfiau wmdfha isk kag foaj f,dal .ek
ye`.Sula ke;' ta fof.d,a,kagu n%yau f,dal Ih fkdf' ukqIHhskag
f lsisjla .ek ye`.Sula ke;' tfy;a ksia f,dj ;=< ieirK i;a;aj
fldGdi wkka; fj;s' wka wh .ek fkdokakd neka ksid ;u Njh
84
uOHu hq.h
mukla we;ehs is;;s'

idudkHfhka wmg wka whf.a is;s,s .ek fkdfka' tneka
is;s,s ke;ehs is;sh yelsh' wm flfia is;=j;a ish fokdgu ukila
we;' is;s,s we;' tajd ke;ehs is;Su jrols' th wm fudayfhka .kakd
jer wdl,amhls'
foaj f,dal n%yau f,dal by< my< jYfhka l;d lrK g th
h Wv ;gq yd my< ;gq f.hla wdldr is;Su jer f' fjdfha ta
wdldr mG Od;=fhka ie ke;s neks' tajd ukskasfhka muKla wruqKq
l< yels neks' w;s msis iS,fhka yd iud .=Kfhka is; ;shqKq jQ g
fuu zzwirZZ ka lSug yelsf' wmdh fmdf<dj hg hehs lS g th
md;d, f,dalhla f,i jegfya' th tfia fkdj ukfia .uka lrK iajNdjhls' wmdh lSug h w;Skash oCI;djhla iud Ndjkdfjka ,eh
hq;=f' ;ukaf.a wl=i, lu m: ksid tu i;a;ajfhda wmdfha Wm;s' tys
uyd la ka lu mdl bjr fjk ;=re tu o~qj ;s' isrlrejka
;u o~qj | wjika jQ g isfrka fokakdla fuka wmd.; i;a;ajfhda
ta ld, iSudj bl=;a jQ g bka foa'
uq,a ld,fha isg wdpdh ukaf.a Wmpdr yd LKsl iud hqKq jQfha
Wkajykfiaf.a ls%hdYS,S ksNh wjodk iys; WfoHda.u;a is;s,s ksidh'
LKsl iudhg m;a jQ .i is; Wmpdr iudfha fkdfhla wdYapHhu;a
w;alS fidhka hkafkah' th Nd; jQ g wjYH ld,hla tys /
ishs' bkamiq ;ud leu;s iudhlg m;af' leu;s k wmkd iudhg
m;a OHdk flf' tg fndfyda f,d OHdk iqjfhka .; lrhs' th
b;du;a iqjodhl neka tys / isug i;=gq f' l ld,hla Wkajykafia Bg mqre is kuq;a Wkajykafiaf.a wl m%{dj ksid bka neyer
ug yels h'
hfula wrmkd iudhg mqre jQ g tys wks;Hh" laL" wkd;au
lSug oCI fkdjQjfyd;a tys m%.;sh j, f' fndfyda wh fufia
;Dma;shg m;a i;=gq fj;s' tg ;on, f,i ta ms<sn| wdlIKh jk
ishq wdidjka yg .kS' tneka th m%{dfjka lSug wlue;s f' f
wjia:df iqiq .re WmfoaY ke;s jqjfyd;a Tjqyq m%{dj lrd fkdh;a'
;jo fufia OHdk .; jQ is; fkdfhl=;a wudkfhka hqla; ug yelsf'
fuu b;d ishq iemh zzksjka iemhZZhehs jrojd f;are .ks;s' ;ud la
fl<jr l< njla isf;a' kuq;a i;Hfhkau is we;af;a Nj.d flf<ia
iy iud is; tlu wruqKl mj;ajd isuhs' m%{dfjka f flf<ia
85
fkdikaisfka k kej; Wmam;a;shla yg .kS' tneka iud is; ;=<g

m%{dj msysg h hq;= f' ke;fyd;a wmkd iud iqjh ka isf;a
pdr nqoah yd Yla;sh ySk lrhs'
W;=re" kef.kysr m%foaYhg fojk jr ixpdrh lrK g wdpdHh
uka uOHu m%udKfha m%{djla ;snqKs' wkd.d;ajh ,nd .ekSug iEfyk
m%{djla ;sh hq;=h' fuu ;;a;ajhg meKSug fmr ldh.;di;sh hqKq
ish hq;=h' bka woyia jkafka Yrfha wdiajdoh wdkh fyd|dldr
jegyS we;s neka lsisjlska we,S .e iajNdjhlg m;a fkduhs'
m%{d n,fhka we,S .e w;r ueo miq lsuhs' Yrh ms<sn| lsisu
ielhla ke;' fuh w;r ue wia;sr ixl%l wjia:djls' th h Nd.
hlska wju ,l=fKka iud: ula jeksh' Wmu ;;a;ajhlg hdug ;j
bf.k .; hq;= foa we;' wkd.d mqoa.,hd ;u m%{dj ;j ;j;a hqKq
;shqKq lrka ;SCIK Ndjhla we;sl< g imQK wkd.d ;;a;ajhlg
m;af' tjekafkl=f.a urKska miq miajk n%yau ;,fhys fyda w.ksGd
;,fhys bm' tjekafkda my< n%yau ;,j, kQm;a'
wdpdh uka f ;;a;ajfha fndfyda l,a / is nj m%ldY l<y'
Bg fya;=j Wmfoia ,nd .ekSug fkdyelsuhs' wkd.d ;;a;ajh ykd
.ekSug b;d ish
q f,i m%;HfCId lr jrka ish hq;=h' Wkajykafia
w;alSfuka ;u Hh wNsnjd flf<ia u;=jk wdldrh k ishy' tu
flf<ia b;d ishqh' ;u i;s m[a[d ;r ishq f' tneka tu flf<ia
hgm;a lsu b;d ialr h' Wka jykafia .;a Hh is;kag ne ;r
n,j;a fohls' th >kj me;ss is lgq iys; .==gqNhla ;rKh lsu
jeksh' fuh ;rKh lr ;u YsIHhkag f .ek lsh ug Wkajykafia
Yd, mY%uhla lr we;' th yqol,dj .;a mY%uhls' Wkajykafiaf.
a f w;alS .ek fYaI wjia:djkays m%ldY l<y' fojrla uf.a weia
l,ska jeiS .sfhah' t;r ixjrhlska Wkajykafia f w;s Ialr
ldHh bgq lr we;' Wkajykafia wjfndaO lr.;a w;s W;= b;d ishq
Ou {dkh wdYapHhls' Wkajykafiaf.a w mdr f.a nv .d hdug j;a
ug yelsfhs uu is;=fj' ke;fyd;a ug wka ksiqka fuka f,dalfha
/ isug fhs is;=fj' kuq;a Wkajykafia wm ffOHhu;a lrka
Wkka l<y' Wkajykafia kej; kej; Hh jvk g wka lsisfjl=f.a
wdY%h fkdleue;s h' Ndjkdf oji .; lsug leu;s h' ;udg ;j
m%udKhl mqyqKqjla wjYH jQ kuq;a ;u YsIHhka iu`. j;a ug yd
Tjqkag Wmfoia ug ish'
86
uOHu hq.h
wdpdh uka wjqre 4la muK nka i f*dx .f iy wjqreoaola

muK nka yqta idhs .f jdih l<y' f m<d;a llrh neka Wkajykafia
tys isug ms%h l<y' kqka msys mlal= llrfha fndfyda fohkaf.a
jdi N+h h' fldkaf.a o jdi N+h h' rd;S% ld,fha Wkajykafiaf.a
l= wi, fld ks,af,a yeisfr;s' fojre Ou Y%jkh msKsi j;s'
uOHu rd;sf
% ha f.r,s kdoh le,h fodaxldr lr;s' iuyr g fld
/<la f.drj;s' ksiqka tlsfkldg Wia y`ka lE .ikakdla fuks' fld
f.drjk kdoh we;af;kau hxlrh' B<`. fudfydf;a wjq;a ;uka ld
ouk nj isf;a' fndfyda g NsCIQka jykafia,d iy idufKr NsCIQyq t<sfjk
;=re fkdksod fhka ;%ia; is;s' wdpdh uka Tjqka h .ekaug fufia
lsh;s' zzn,d .kak f jkdka;f fld lue,s w,i NsCIQkag fndfyda
leu;s fj;s' th Tjqkaf.a fYaI rij;a wdydrhls' fldkaf.a rij;a
wdydrha ug fkdleu;s wh i;s m[a[d jvkq uek fld tfia i;s
m[a[d jvk whg h fj;s' tneka tjeks wh lkafka ke;'ZZ fuh weiQ
.i tu NsCIQka jykafia,d hqyqiqj ;u Ndjkd luia:dkfha /f|ka
isfha ;u ;h r|d mj;skafka ta ksid hehs ye`.Sfuks' fldkaf.a
f.r,s kdoh i;r foiska fodaxldr fok kuq;a fkdhj ilauka Ndjkd
lr;a' fl;r h jqj;a wdpdh uka lS foa ms<s .;ay' zzlue,s NsCIQj
fldkaf.a rij;a wdydrhlah'ZZ
tu jkdka;rfha j;a u b;du hxlr jQfha Wkajykafia,dg ,e`.
=
.ekSug l= ke;s neks' tys ;snqfKa b;d l=vd ueiails' th fmdf<dj
ugug lsgq" ksod .ekSug ;r jQ ueiails' nv.sks fldfhl=g th lsis
m%Yakhla fkdf' f NsCIQka ksok ueis jf iuyr g fld tyd fuyd
h;s' tfy;a f Yd, i;=kf
a .ka lsis ydkshla fkdh' fojre i;r jka
wdrlaId lrK neka fldkaf.ka lsis hla fkdjk nj wdpdh uka oks;'s
fojre Ouh weiSug tk neka /ljrKfha is;s' ta fojre fndfyda
ld,hla tys fjfik f,i wdpdh uka yg wdrdOkd l<y'
we;af;kau wdpdh uka NsCIQka jykafia,d h .ekaug tfia mejiqf Wkajykafia,d WfoHda.su;a lsu msKsih' fldkag ks,af,a isug
tu m%foaYh ksc N+hla h' wksl=;a j,a i;=kag o fCIau N+hla h'
ta ovh msKsi f m%foaYhg ksiqka fkdtk neks' .uq wdpdh uka
isk m%foaYfha ovh lsug h fj;s' Nhdkl lu ish yels nj
Tjqka oks;s' hfula ;=jlal=jlska fj ;eug f m%foaYfha h fj;s' th
wf;a m;a;= Tyqf.a urKh is f hhs ye`.Sula we;' fld lsis fgl
87
.udkhg f.dia tys .j wd i;=ka fkdur;s' f fld f.dre fidhd

.kafka flfiaoehs lsisfjla fkdoks;s' f iauh ckl l:d wdpdh uka
wm iu`. lshd we;' fuh i;Hh nj .uq ks;r lsh;a' wdpdh uka iy
OQ;dx. NsCIQka fujeks m%d;sydHh mEy'
W;a;u ukqIHfhla
uyd woaN+; foa wdpdh uka mji;s' tla fgl foaj msi Wkajykafia lSug meK tys m%Odkshd fufia lSh'
zzTn jykafia fuys jdih lsu wfma foaj iuQyhdg n,j;a i;=gls'
Tnf.a lreK ffu;S% .=Kh mDh muKla fkdj uq foaj uKav,h yryd
me;s we;' Tn jykafiaf.ka ksl=;ajk l=Y, Yla;sh f;afcd" .=Kh" rYa
j<,a, ia;r lsug fkdyelsh' fjk Yla;k
S a iu`. ixikaokh l< fkdyelsh' f ksid Tn jykafia fld;ekl ish;a wmg fidhd .; yelsh' f
Ou rYa j<,a, Tn Yrfhka ksl=;a oi w; ys hhs' Tn jykafia
NsCIQkag Ouh foaYkd lrk Yoh" uq Yajh ;=< kskakdo f' kEu
;ekl isk fohkag ta Yoh wefia u< kshlg muKla kEfia'ZZ
wdpdh uka iy fohka w;r idlPdj ;j ia;r lsug uu
W;aidy lr' tys iEu fohlau i;hfhka i;H nj is;sh yelafla f
m%jD;a;sh wm iu`. ia;r l< wh b;du i;Hjd .=K .rel wh
neks'
zzuf.a lgy~ tfia ilaj, kskakdo jkafka k ukqIHhkag kEfikafka wehs @ZZ tg fofhda fufia lsh;a'
zzfyd| krl" is,aj;a nj" iodpdrh" l=i,a wl=i,a .ek ukqIHfhda
okafka l=ulao @ Tjqyq ;u yh oajdrhka ks;ru wl=i,a lug fhdod .ks;s'
;ud yeu fudfydf;au wmdh.d wl=i,a lr;s' Wmka od isg urKh olajd
Tjqyq fufia yeisfr;s' ukqIHhka hk kduh ,nd we;s kuq;a Tjqka f
ms<sn| lsis ;elSula ke;' iaj,am fofkla ;u ih fodr l=i,a lsug fhdod
.ks;s' Tjqkaf.a l=i, Yla;sh jqjo b;du iSud iys;h' fohkaf.a tl
; ld,hla ;=< ksid oi j;djla fyda ish j;djla ue ue Wm' n%yu
a
f,dalfha wdhqI ld,h Bg;a jvd fnfyka jef' ksik
q f
a .a ixLHdj b;d
Yd,h' ta iu`. ta wh iska lrk wl=i, lu w;s Yd,h' l=i,a lrk
wh l fofkls' ksid nqoaO Ydikh wdrlaId lr;shs lsh;a kuq;a nqoaO
88
uOHu hq.h
Ydikh ms<sn| lsisjla fkdoks;a' l=i,a lu .ek lsisjla fkdoks;a'

Iag ksiaiq okafka m lsu muKs' ta wh ksiqka jYfhka ie<lsh
yelafla yqiau .kakd neks' yqiau kej;=Kq .i ;u n,j;a lu mdl
j,ska je<,S hhs' fojre fuh b;d fydka oks;a' fkdkSug fya;=jla
we;ao @ th ryila fkdf' ksfila u< miq NsCIqka jykafia,d wjq;a
.d:d iCOdhkd lr;s' ta Iag ksid th wi;ao @ Tyq urKhg m;ajQ
fudfydf;a isg wl=i, mdl Tyq fj,d .ks;s' tneka Tyqf.a ;a;hg
f .d:d weiSug yelso @ j;aj isk g jqjo Tyq ;=< f Ouh .ek
lsis ye`.Sula ke;' j;a jk whg muKla Ouhg ijka h yels jkafka
leue;a;la wef;d;a muKs' tfy;a lsisfjla Ouh weiSug Wkkajla
ke;' th Tn fkdokafkao @ NsCIqka jykafia,d .d:d iCOdhkd lrK
g Tjqka wid is;ao @ ta whg lsis Wkkajla ke;s neka ta whf.a
yojf;a nqoaO zzYdikhZZ fyj;a zzmKsvhZZ ;ekam;a ke;' Tjqka b;d
leu;af;ka mskjk foa ;sika i;=ka mjd m%;sfCIam lr;s' iaiS, ksiaiq
fujeks wYsCIs; foa lsug ms%h ukdm f' Tjqka fl;r tjeks foa l<;a
iEySulg m;a fkdf' urKdikak ld,fha jqj;a tjeks wYsCIs; foa m%d:
kd lr;s' fohka jQ wms ksiqka .ek Tjqka okakjdg jvd oksuq' tfy;a
Tjqka wm .ek lsisjla fkdoks;s' Tn jykafia iqfYaI flfkls' Tn
jykafia fohka" ksiqka" ;sikqka wd fndfyda i;a;aj fldGdi .ek
oks;s' ta ksid iEu fo flfklau Tn jykafiag kuialdr mQcd mj;aj;s'
f fohd l:dj wjika l< miq wdpdh uka h h fkdf;afrk foa
ms<sn| m%ldY l<y'
zzfohkag jeia we;' j" lK we;' tneka fndfyda wE; foa
ols;s' wi;s' fojre ksiqkaf.a fyd| krl oks;s' Tng fkdyelso f
ksiqkag fyd| krl f;dard fokag @ wmg jvd fydka Tng fuh l<
yels fkdfo @
zzfohka jQ wms fndfyda ksiqka olsuq' tfy;a Tn jykafia jeks
W;a;u mqreIfhla l ke;' Tn jykafia fohkag yd ksiqkag tl yd
iudk ffu;S%" lreKdj m;=rej;s' f,dal i;a;ajhka .ek Tn jykafia
oks;s' f.dfrdaiq Yr yd b;d ish Yr we;s wkka; i;a;aj fldGdi
Tn oks;s' fohka jeks wkka; i;a;aj f,dal we;s nj Tn lshd fo;s'
tfy;a mrmrdfjka mrmrdjg lsisfjla f wukqIHhka l ke;'
tneka fohka .ek lsis ie<ls,a,la ke;' jeu jqfkd;a l,d;=rlska
h woaN+; wdf,dal fyda wdlIK ix{djla kqK;a th fkdyk;s'
89
zzfma%;hkaZZ hhs lsh;a' Tjqka wms lshk fyd| krl f;are .kafka flfiao@ fojre ksrka;rfhka ksiqka .ek wjOdrKh lr;a' tfy;a ukqIHfhda fohka .ek lsisjla k .ekSug leue;a;la ke;' wm ksiqkag
W.kajkafka flfiao @ we;af;kau fuh b;d wjdikdjka; ;;a;ajhls'
wms Tjqkaf.a lu wkqj iem la ;shs lshd iekfiuq' fojrekag mjd
ksrka;rfhka lu mdl M, foa' tfia fkdjkafka k wms ksjka olsuq'
tg f wmyiq;djhla ke;'ZZ
zzTn lshk hg ;u lu CIh jQ g ksjka ols;s' fojre ksjka
ms<sn| oks;ao @ wka i;a;aj fldGdih fuka fojrkag la fodkia
weoao @
zzwehs wm fkdokafka @ ishu nqjre foaYkd lrkafka f la CIh
lsu .ek' f la ka iir ieirkag fkdlsh;s' kuq;a ldufNda.S ksiaiq ;u fkdaod;aul iem ikaf;daIh ug i ksjka lSug leue;a;la
ke;' ta ksid lsisfjla ksjka lSug W;aidy fkdlr;s' ksjk .ek ishu
fojre b;d Wkka fj;s' ishu nqjre ksjk .ek foaYkd lr;s' kuq;a
fojrekag Yd, lu fmdhla f.jkakg is we;' f fo iem |
wjika ug fndfyda l,a .; f' tneka ksjk b;d rh' ksjka gq miq
muKla ish .eg ksrdlrKh f' tg mqkremam;a;sh yd ixidr pl%h
ksudf' Wmam;a;s urK wfydais f' h lu mdl we;s f;la iem la
u kshu f' fudk wd;aufha ish;a lu mdl ;s'ZZ
zzfojre iu`. inkaO jk fndfyda NsCIQka weoao @ZZ
zzl fofkla is;s' ta ish fokd jkdka;rj, yd l uqka wdYs%;j
jdih lr;s'ZZ
zzf Yla;sh we;s .sys wh is;ao @ZZ
zzl fofkla" b;d l fofkls'ZZ ta wh Ouhg wkqj nK Ndjkd
lr ;u is;a fndfyda msis lr we;' tg muKla fojre lal yelsh'
fohkaf.a Yr wks;a fojrekag >k f,i kqk kuq;a ksiqkag b;d
ishq f,i fka' tneka is;a l=i,;djfhka b;du;a meye,s jQ g
muKla ksiqkag fohka fmfka'
zzOu mqia;lj, i|yka ;sfnk f,i fohkag ksiqkaf.
a .kaOh bjish fkdyels ksid lsgqjg fkdt;s'ZZ tjeks .kaOhla
we;ak Tn ud <`.g tkafka ukao @ZZ
90
uOHu hq.h
zzb;d Wiia YS, iq.JOhla we;s ksid wmg .kaO fkdf' ta whf.
a iS, iq.JOh ksid wms ta whg je ms lruq' Tn jykafia imhg
meK Ou Y%jKh lsu tneka wmg ms%h cklh' .kaOh yukafka
YaYS," rdpdr" .=K we;s whf.kah' fujeks foa ;=ka f,dalfhys ish
foa wms%h l< kqu;a ta wh f jer lr;a' wms tjekakka yuqug fkdhuq'
ta wh b;d Iagh' .|h' ta .kaoh oi idf me;sr we;' fojre
ksiqkag wleue;s ke;' f fya;=j ksid wleue;s fj;s'ZZ
f wd fkdfhla l:d m%jD;a;s wdpdh uka lshk g NsCIQka
jykafia,d ia;j ijka fo;s' zzuu udf.aZZhk uu;ajh ;djld,slj
refj;s' ld,h" fjfyi wu;l f' ljod kuq;a fufia fohka iu`.
l:d lsug wjYH Yla;sh ksmojd .ekSug W;aidy or;s' wdpdh uka
ish wd;au j, ia;r lshk g o NsCIQka jykafia,d iaa;j lmkhg
m;afj;s' ;udf.a by; cd;s .ek k .ekSug leu;s ;ud Ndjkd
wruqK neyer lr;s' ;ud f f,i Ndjkd fkdlrk g ;ukau ;rjgq
lrka ys; yslauj;s' zzwfyda la ke;s lsu fjkqjg ud lrkafka fudllao@ w;S; fijke,s miqmi j'ZZ fufia kej; m%lD;s isysh ,nd .ks;a'
tneka fndfyda NsCIQyq f wd iD m%d;sydHh neyer rl;a'
wdpdh uka lshk fujeks woaN+; l:d mqu t<jk iqh' fma%;
f,dal" hCI f,dal .ek l:d lrK g ksia f,dalfha fuka ta f,dalj,;a
uer jer wh nkaOk .; flfrk nj lsh;s' jer lrK wh fidhd Tjqka
ysrlr ;n;s' fkdfhla fha jer lrK wh fjk fjku ne| ;n;s'
ishu ysr f.j,a ms jrolrejka is;s' f jrolrejka w;r ia;S% mqreI
fomCIhu we;' b;du;a oreKq who fj;s' Tjqkaf.a weia foi n,k g
Tjqka lreKd" ffu;s%fhka fu,a, l< fkdyels nj fmfka'
wms ukqIHh j.hd k.rfha jdih lrkakdla fuka wukqIHfhdao
jdih lr;s' wukqIH jdi Yd, k.r we;' tys kdhlfhda ta wh md,kh
lr;s' b;d iq m%udKhla fyd| wukqIHhka is;s' Tjqka wksl=;a wukqIHhkaf.a f.!rjhg m;af' f ish fokd ;u md,lhskag fnfyka Nh
fj;s' fuh uQksPdjg fkdj we;af;kau h fj;s' l=i, mdl wl=i,
mdl j,g jvd n,j;a nj wdpdh uka Yajdi lf<ah' wukqIHh f,dalj,
f nj b;d meye,sj fmfka' h wl=i, fya;=jla ksid fndfyda msx we;s
who wukqIH f,dalfha Wm;a' kuq;a ;udf.a l=i,;djh ksid tys md,lhka
njg m;afj;s' tjeks tl md,lfhl=g Yd, ixLHdjla wukqIHhska
md,kh lsug wh;a f' f wukqIHfhda cd;s l=, jYfhka fkdfnfoa'
91
kuq;a md,lhkag imQKfhkau wjk; f' th Ouhg wkqj isf' tu

wl=i, mdl n,j;a neka ksiqka fuka iajdk u; fkdor;a' Tjqkaf.
a o~qj ;u luhg wkqj isf' fuh fkdfjkia jk iajNdjhls' f
f,dalfha ksid n,mqjkaldrl l< kuq;a wukqIH f,dalfha tfia l<
fkdyelsh' wdpdh uka f ms<sn| fndfyda ia;r l< kuq;a wjdikdjlg
fuka ug u;l we;af;a fumuKls' ta .ek iudj wh'
wdpdh uka f wukqIHh f,dal j,g iud isf;ka .uka lr;a' Wka
jykafia gq .i ta ish fokdu Wkajykafiag je lrk fuka lsh;s'
wm ukqIHhka fuks' md,l wukqIH kdhlhd Wkajykafiag we;s f.!rj
olajd tu f,dalh kslaIKh lsug f.k .shy' wukqIHhka j;ajk
." k.r yd Tjqkaf.a nkaOkd.dr fmkajQy' Tjqka idyisl wmrdO lrka
wkqkag la we;' tneka ;u lufha Yla;sh wkqj la ;s' f whg
N+;" fma%; jYfhka wm k l< kuq;a ta wh wm fuka tu f,dalfha j;a
fj;s' wm fuka ka fldGdYhls'
wdpdHh uka >y jkdka;rj, yd l uqka j, jdih lsug
fnfyka ms%h l<y' fndfyda ld,hla kfLdka *fkd ys jdih lrka
NsCIQka jykafia,d mqyqKq l<y' tfy;a ;uka jykafiag ;j r hd hq;=
nj jegyqKs' wka;su wjfndaOh ,nd ke;s neka Hh fhdod ms<sfj;a
msh hq;=h' YsIH NsCIQka jykafia,dg bf.kS lsug ;u ld,h jeh jqks'
tuksid isf;a Yla;sh ySk jqks' tneka yqol,d iska Hh jeh hq;=h'
f ld,fha wdpdh ukaf.a u;=h Wmdisldjla jYfhka wjqre 6la muK
ld,hla Wkajykafia iu`. .; l<y' t;=h ksid yqol,d .uka lsug
fkdyels h' tneka t;=hf.a wjir we;sj t;=h Wfndka rp;dys
m%foaYhg legqj f.dia tu jiaidk ld,h nka fkd fLdx m,df;a .; l<y'
fndfyda NsCIQyq iy idufKar NsCIQyq tys iQy'
tla rd;s%hl Wkajykafia iud iqjfhka isk g tla oYkhla
gy' fndfyda ix>hd jykafia,d Wkajykafia miq mi b;d ixjrj .uka
lr;s' tfy;a iuyr NsCIQka Wkajykafia,d Wkajykafia miqlr bfhka
h;s' ta wh ;=< f.!rjhla fyda ixjrhla ke;' iuyre WK nnq m,d
bka Wkajykafiaf.a mmqj fldks;a;;s' Wkajykafiag yqiau .ekSug mjd
Ialr h' fufia tla tla NsCIQka jykafiag jO ysxid lr;s' f wjia:
df Wkajykafia tu iud ;a;h wkd.;hg fhduq l<y' tg ;u
msgqmi ixjrj tk NsCIQ mrmrdj Wkajykafiaf.a m%;sm;a;s wkq.ukh
lrK nj jegyqKs' f wh ksid idikh wdrlaIdf fn!oaO m%;sm;a;s
92
uOHu hq.h
rlska fkdfhla rg rdcHhj, wkd.;fha iiqk nn<j;s' ukqIHhkaf.a

yd fohkaf.a f.!rjhg m;afj;s' Wkajykafia miq lrka .sh wf.!rj
wixjr msi ;o udkfhka .=rejrhdg jvd Wiia hehs iu; lr;s' uq,
,nd.;a kqu iy mqyqKqj wu;l lr;s' .=rejrhdg lsis ie<ls,a,la
fyda l<.=K ;elSula ke;' ;uka w;s oCIhka f,i fmkakq lr;s' ta wh
;ud;a jekiS idikh;a jki;s' ;u YsIHh mrmrdjo kdY lr;s' tu
YsIH mrmrdj wksl=;a YsIH mrmrd o kdY lr;s' fufia mrmrd
.Kkla f jer m%;sm;a;s f.k h;s' ;uka jer ud.hl .uka lrk
njla fkdoks;s' f whf.a jer oDIa ksid nqoaO Ydikh kdY lr;a'
Wkajykafiaf.a mmqj nnq m;=rej,ska fldks;a;mq NsCIQyq ;ud fndfyda foa
o;a m%{hka hehs is;;s' ta whf.a yeisu krl jqj;a fyd| jqj;a fyd|
f,i is;;a' ta wh fn!oaOhkag yd .=rejrekag fkdi<l;s' f ish fokd
Wkajykafiaf.a Y%djl msi w;r we;' Wkajykafia ta wh yk;s' f wh
Wkajykafiaf.a wdYsjdo ,en kqre m%foaYfha jia ji;s' Wkajykafiag
f.!rj lsu fjkqjg jO ysxid muqKqj;s'
l klg miq m%dfoaYSh wdKavqldr ;=ud iy ks,Od msila wdY%uh
lsug meKshy' uq,ska i|yka l< Wkajykafiag jO ysxid l< NsCIQka
iu`. f msi meK we;' ;uka jykafiaf.a iud oYkh ms<n
s | lsij
s la
fkdlshd ta whf.a yeisu mlaId l<y' f wh wdKavqfjka uqo,a ,nd
f.k mdie,a iEug ta wjg m%foaYh fhda.H nj kajQy' .f ksiaiq
f jHdmD;shg inkaO fj;s' fuh wdKavqjg lrk wdOdrhls' tneka
ish fokdu wdpdh uka lSug meK we;' wdpdh uka ksiqkaf.a
wdor f.!rjhg m;a we;s neka tu ldHh is lsug Wkajykafiaf.
a iyNd.s;ajh me;+y' f woyi lajQ .i fuu NsCIqka jykafia,d
foku fujeks lrorhlg fhduq l< nj kqKs' Ndjkdf ;ukag la
mSvd kafka f foku fj;s' miqj Wkajykafia f NsCIQka foku le|jd
;uka jr ord .;af;a fn!oaO NsCIqjla jYfhka i;s ixjrfhys msysgd
iud .=Kh jeug nj myod ks'
fuu l:d mqj; fuys i|yka lf<a isf;a .=ma; Yla;sh oyd fmkaugh' is;g w;S; wkd.; wruqKq Ih f' jeiS we;s foa jD;
fmfka' fkdfhla wjia:djkays wdpdh uka f i;H;djh ;yjqre l<y'
Wkajykafiaf.a ldhh lsis ,dN f,daN m%d:kdjlska fkdj ;uka jykafiaf.a w;SJsh m%{dfjks' tu jpk l:d lrkafka ksik
q a uq,dlr la lror
lsug fkdj ta whf.a kqjK jOkh lsugh' fuu mqj;a Wkajykafia
93
kq fokafka b;du;a <`.ska wdY%h l< f.da, msig muKs' fuh ,shk ud
Wkajykafiaf.a mqoa.,sl ;h oyd mdkakla fia lsh yelsh' tkuq;a
fuh Tng hlsis wjfndaOhla f.k foa hehs is;'
j;udkfha isk luia:dkdpdH jrhka foi n,k g wdpdh
uka uyd m%d;sydHhla md we;s nj fka' ;uka jykafiaf.a iud n,h iy
oYkdj ;=<k
s a ia
a ; foa is l<y' iuyrg Wkajykafiaf.a f Yla;h
s
ms<sn| m%ldY l< kuq;a fndfyda g th k .; yelafla jl%dldrfhks'
fndfyda g Wkajykafiaf.a kqu fkdlshdu is;s' ta mr;a; cdkkh
we;s neka fndfyda NsCIQka ;u is;=,s oks;shs uy;a wiykhg m;ajk
neks' fkdlshdu ne jkafka ta whf.a jer oDIa" ks.uk fjkia lsug
wjYH neks'
b;du jD;j wij,a NsCIQjf.a is;s,s ksfodaI nj;a wij,df.
a is;s,s fodia iys; nj;a Wkajykafia mji;s' fndfyda g fuu jD;j
lshd fok foh iuyre jrojd ms<s.ks;s' bka WrK uy;a mdmhla lr
.ks;s' f ksid fndfyda g jl%j mji;s' k i|yka fkdlr lshk kuq;a
wod< mqo.
a ,hd th ;ukag t,a, jq nj oks;'a f ish,a, o;a neka wdpdh
uka b;du fhda.H kqjKg yqre foa muKla lsh;s'
fuu mqj;a lshjk Tn h ielhlg m;ah yelsh' ta .ek uu
iudj wh' fujeks m%jD;a;s fndfyda we;' fHIag YsIHhkaf.ka f
wd fndfyda lreKq fuu mqia;lhg wvx.= lf<a Wkajykafiaf.a p;h
fkdj,yd bm;a lsugh'
idudkH jYfhka n,k g ndysr wruqKq ksid NsCIqjlf.a Ndjkd
ukisldrh CIsma; f' ;uka gq weiQ rEm" Yo" .kaO" ri" fmdGn
.ek kej; kej; isyshg kexu ksid fndfyda CIsma; f' fYaIfhkau
n,mdkafka ia;%k
S a ms<n
s |jh' fuh is;d u;d fkdlrK kuq;a fkdkqj;aju
is; w,a,d .kS' wdpdh uka f ms<sn| ;rjgq lrkafka Wkajykafia,d
fuhska ug wiSre neks' fkdfhla is;=,s ksid Ndjkd wruqK is
hhs' tg wdpdh uka th k wjjdo fo;s'
iji idlPd jdrh b;du jeo.;a f' ishu NsCIQka jykafia,d
ldhsl udkisl ixjrfhka ish hq;=h' ;uka jykafiaf.a foaYkd ld,fha
lsish ndOdjla ke;sj iud is;ska foaYkd lrk neks' f f,df
h h wh ldr fkdukd is;a my< l< g Wkajykafiag wl=Kq ierhla
94
uOHu hq.h
jekdla fuka fka' tg ta NsCIqj r;a fyda is;, hhs t;ku la,dka;
f' lsis k i|ykla fyda ksfokhla fyda ke;sj fyda fuh isf' wks;a
NsCIQka tg ;e;s .ks;s' ;uka fkdukd is;a my< lsf wdkjh okS'
fujeks zzwl=Kq ierZZ lSmhla jeKq g Y%djl msi ;u is;a ks;ru
i;s m[a[dfjka wdrlaId lr;s' iuyr NsCIQka Ouhg ijka f is;
tal.%;djhg je iud .; f' tfia fkdjQ wh b;du;a idjOdkj wid
is;s' jer is;la my< l<fyd;a wyiska wjq;a Wl=iaid ;u ysi .,jd
.kakdla fuks'
fujeks w;alSf ;=<ska mqyqKq jQ wdpdHh ukaf.a f.da, msi ;u
yeisu ms<sn| ia:djr mokul msysgd ishy' fndfyda l,a Wkajykafiaf.
a weiqfrys is NsCIQkaf.a ;a; ixjrh yd ldh ixjrh ia:djr h' th
;u fm!reIh h' Wkajykafia,d leue;af;kau fuu m%;smodjg wkqj
mqyqKq h' tajd Wkajykafia fh mqyqKq lsf l%u iy b;du oCI
h' Wkajykafia ksrka;rfhkau wkq.ukh l<y' ffoksl j;a ms<sfj;a
.re .dNSr h' tg ;u is; ta wkqj msis h' bkamiq iajdk jQy'
hful=g id:l m%;sM, fkd,enqfKa Wkajykafiaf.a ndysr wdl,am
muKla wkq.ukh lsfuks' Wkajykafia fodia lsh;shs' Nh ksid ixjr
u yd iajdk ;a; Yla;sh fkdue;s u ksid Ndjkd lsug wiu;a h'
t;r W;= .=rejrfhl=f.ka ,eh yels mqyqKqj ta whg fkd,enqKs'
;udg mqre m j;a h' bkamiq tys iSug fkdyels h' ;u .;s
mej;= fjkia lsug fkdyels h' fydoafoa ri fkdokakd yekao fuks' f
yekao tl fyd Ndckfhka ;j;a fyd Ndckhlg .sh;a ri fkdokS'
tfiau flf,ia ksid wms tl llska ;j;a llg ixl%uKh lruq' f
,shk uu;a fufia flf<ia ksid lg m;afj' uy;a Hh fhdod Ndjkd
lsug is; idod.;a kuq;a lue,s lu wjq;a th j<lajhs' wdpdh uka
lshk Ouhg wkqj j;a ug b;d leu;s kuq;a uf.a mrK mqre wkqj
is;' bka fjkia ug leu;s ke;' wjidkfha flf<ia j,g f.dre
fj' mrK mqre w;ayeu b;du wiSre lreKla' tys uq,a hgg ls|d nei
we;' tajd cd;s cd;s mqre neks' ta yeu mqreoaolau m%ldY lr tys we;s
;Kaydj kf.k Wrd .ekSu b;d wudre fohls'
h,s foaY.=Kh we;s jQ g wdpdh uka nka fkdx fLdka m%foaYfhka
f.dia ;u .ug meKshy' tg Wkajykafiaf.a ujo legqj .shy' bkamiq uj yd wks;a [d;Skaf.ka iuqf.k yqol,dj uOHu ;eks;,dj n,d
95
msg;a h'
ks,af,a f m%foaYfha OQ;dx. NsCIqjla jYfhka .uka lrka
. ksh . miqlr ixpdrh l<y' h ;ekl l=vd .udkhla yd
c, myiql wef;d;a tys ,e`.= .ks;s' ;u l=v - l+vdru .yer tys
kej;S Ndjkd lr;s' wjYH wdydr mdk f.k Ydl Yla;sh ,enQ g
wka ;eklg .uka .ks;s' ish fokdu md .ukska Yd, . ud.fha
hd hq;=h' jdyk myiql ke;' tfy;a ld,h .ek m%Yakhla ke;s neka
leu;s ;dla l,a ixpdrh l<y' ;u f.da,hkaf.ka fjka zz;ks w,shdZZ
fuka fufia nexfldla n,d md .ukska jehy' fuh Ydl udkisl iqjhla
h' ;ukaf.a mmqf wekS ;snQ I lgqjla .e,jqkdla fuka h' isf;a lfha
ieye,afjka i;=ka fj,a hdhj,a ydryd" .udk yryd fufia ilauka
Ndjkdfjka .uka .;ay' W!IaK ld,h neka b;d ier ysre /ia ;snqKs'
tfy;a wjg mirh ksial,xlh' ;u md;%d isjqre yd l+vh lf t,a,df.
k we;' th Yd, nrla fia fmkqK;a Wkajykafiag th nrla fkdf'
;uka wyfia mdfjkakdla fuka fka' NsCIQka jykafia,d ke;s nj f,dl=
myiqjls' u;=h Ouh fyd|dldr mqre l<y' ka u;= yqol,d hg
leu;s h' tfy;a m%udo h fkdyelsh' i;s m[a[dfjka ish hq;=h'
ksiqkaf.a iqkajQ f m%foayfha .uka lrK g ;o w rYah
kqk g .ila hg fijfKa .suka y;s' ijia hdufha ;rula isis,a jQ
g kej; .uk wdrN lr;a' tg Ouhg wkqj fya;= m%;Hhhkaf.ka
ie ,;a mirh wks;H LH wkd;au jYfhka olska oYkd lr;a'
Wkajykafiag wjYH jQfha l=vd .udkhls' miqod WoEik yS,a odkh msKsi
ms~q is`.d hdug tjeks ;ekla ,enqKq g k lSmhla kej; .suka yer
kej; .uka .ks;a'
fvdx *hfhka jkdka;rhg meKs g tys l uqkaj, .uka
lrka Yd, i;=gla kao nj Wkajykafia mejiQy' fndfyda ld,hlg
miq Yd, >k jkdka;rhlg meK we;' tys kjd;eka .ekSug is;a
h' ta jkdka;rfha ;u is;a .kakd i;=ka yd mirh is; iki;s' nqrK
uqfjda" j,a W!frda" ;s;a uqfjda" mshdUk j,andfjda" .snka" fld" w,s" jre"
j,s l=l=" isj fld" f*ika" j,iaiq" b;a;Efjda" W!re fhda" f,akakq
wd i;=kaf.ka f jkh .ykh' tu i;=ka Wkajykafia flfrys h iel
ke;' b;d <`.ska tyd fuyd h;s' tl, tu jkdka;rfha ksia wdjdi
fkd;snqKs' fndfyda wE;ska f.j,a 3 - 4 tl <`. msyshy' Tjqyq i;=ka
urd j;a fj;s' l mduq, iy wksl=;a fnda. j.d lr;s' f .j,
96
uOHu hq.h
ksiaiq OQ;dx. NsCIqkag fndfyda .re lr;s' tneka wdydr m%Yakhla

fkd;snqKs' fuys jdih lrka Ndjkd hqKq l<y' lsisfjla l:d lsug
fyda fkdmefK;s' fufia b;d iekis,sodhlj Wkajykafia wjidkfha
nexfldla kqjrg im%dma; jQy'
w;s W;= wdpdh uka ks;ru mdfya W;=re kef.kysr m%foaYfha

isg nexfldla n,d fhka ta f w; .sh nj Wkajykafia mejiSh' tl,
h fu;r r fkdhhs' wks;a yeu gu md .ukska .sfhah' nexfldla
ys j me;= j wdrKHfha cd Lqka Wmd,s yuqh' tys jia iQy' kla
tu NsCIqj Wkajykafiag hdx uhs hdug wdrdOkd lf<ah' jia wjidkfha
h,s foaY.=Kh ;snqKs' fofokd jykafia,d fhka hxuhs n,d msg;a
h' uq .ufkau wdpdHh uka iudfhka iqy' nexfldla iy f,d cQ
w;r ksod .ekSug is;=Ks' tfy;a W;a;rd;a l mduq, kej;;a iud
.; h' hdx uhs iudfhka ishy' uq,skau Wkajykafia hdxuhs f;la
iud isug wIaGdk .;s' h .uka lrK j.la fkdokS' ;u is;a
tald.%;djh ksYap,h' ndysr f,dalh yd ;u Yrh fkdkS .sfhah' lsisu
wruqKla fkd.kakd neka f,dalhla ke;' wks;a u.Ska .ekj;a fha
Yo .ekj;a fkdfka' hdxudhs j,g tk ;dla Wkajykafiaf.a is; f
wdldrfhka mej;=Ks'
Wkajykafia tg weia wer nq g Yd, f.dvke.s,s f.j,a wdh
k.rfha iah' Wkajykafiaf.a nvq ndysrdh tl;= lr nyskakg iQodk
jk g fndfyda u.Ska iy h ks,Odka ia;j Wkajykafia foi n,d
ishy' ta wh isky uqiq uqyqKska ta nvq Tijd kay' Wkajykafia jdih
lrk wdrduh l=ulao fldfya isg tkafkao fldys hkafkahs m%Yak l<y'
Wkajykafia jkjdiS nj;a tlu ksjila ke;s nj;a mejiSh' W;=re m<df;a
l uqka j, ixpdrkfha hk nj;a mejiSh' Y%oaOdfjka by< .sh Tyq
Wkajykafia iu`. hk wh weoahs pd,y' Lqka Wmd,s uy f;reka
iu`. hk nj;a Wkajykafia yuqug fndfyda wh tk nj;a Wkajykafiaj
wdKavl
q dr;=ud we;= uyd jHdmdlfhda ykk nj;a mejiSh' tfia fyhska
Yd, fik`.la /ia ishy' NsCIQka jykafia,d idufKar NsCIQka" .sys
msi meK ishy' wdKavqf ks, jdyk" ld Wkajykafia jvujd hkag
we;a ;snqKs' ta ld,fha ld olskakg;a ,Nh' Wkajykafia,d iqjfia
97
j fp wx wrug jehy'
c Lqka Wmd,s f;reka meK wdrxhg fndfyda ckhd Wkajykafiag mqo mQcd wdpdr meje;aug;a nK weiSug;a meKhy' Wkajykafia
f wjia:dfjka m%fhdackh .ekSug wdpdh uka g Ouh foaYkd lsug
wdrdOkd l<y' wdpdh uka Ouh foaYkd m%d;sydHhfhka foiQy' uy;a
fia i;=gq jQ msi iaufhka wid ishy' b;du ir, Ou lreKq j,ska
mgka f.k .eUqre Ouh lshdKs' bkamiq Lqka Wmd,s f;rekag wdpdr mj;ajd ke.S .sfhah' wid is msi ;ju;a Ouh weiSug wdidfjka
ishy' Wkajykafiag ksy~ mirhl isug wjYH h'
miqj wdpdh c Lqka Wmd,s f;reka fuu foaYkh .ek uy;a fia
w.h l<y'
zzwdpdh ukaf.a Ou foaYkd ffY,shg iudk wka foaYkd ud
wid ke;' Wkajykafia yojf;a uqla;sh ms<sn| foaYkd lrhs' th b;d
ir,h' wid isk whg jyd jegfya' lsisu ielhla ke;' ugj;a tjeks
ksidf.a is; ;ka wdlIKh jk .eUqre Ou foaYkd l< fkdyelsh'
jpk yeisrf olaI;d we;s Wmud Wmfh iys;" ,sys,a NdIdfjka fuu
OQ;dx. NsCIQka jykafia iauhckl Ou foaYkd l<y' wid iskakdf.a
is;a m%fndaO h' fndfyda foa uuo W.;s' tu foaYkd rij;ah" w:j;ah'
wid isug ue,s ke;' tfkod ;fha yuqjk foa .ek lsh;s' wms tajd
.;dkq.;slj ms<s.;a kuq;a tys jeo.;alu fkdoksuq' Wkajykafia kshu
nqoaO Y%djlfhls' i;s m[a[dfjka uy;a Y%oaOd Nla;sfhka Ouh wkq.
ukh lr;a' mqyqka f,dalh blaujd h;a' Wkajykafiaf.a jpk ,dih
pu;aldrh' iuyrg .ejyr o iuyrg .eUqre o wre;a we;' iuyr
g ne?re" .dNSr woyia wjOdrKh fldg m%ldY lrhs' tla tla foa
Ydro f,i ia;r lrhs' Ouhg ls|d nei .eg ksrdlrKh lrhs'
iuyrg fokh fldg foaYkd lrhs' th wfma yoj;g ls|d niS' ug
we;sjk .eg Wkajykafiaf.a m%{d uysufhka jydu i|hs' Wkajykafia
iu`. iSfuka uu fndfyda foa bf.k .;s'
ud iu`. fuys tkag wdrdOkd l< g i;=ka ndr .;ay' f
m<df;a l jkdka;r .yK ksid h yelsh' wdpdh uka iudk NsCIQka
jykafia,d fndfyda r,h' ud jeys kuq;a Wkajykafia ud flfrys
hg;a my;a .;s mej; lrhs' iuyr g th ug ,ecdjls' Wkajykafia
;u wOHhkhg wkqj fuys je kla jikafka ke;' jkjdiS ;h m%sh
lr;s' th je<elaug iqoiq ke;' fujeks NsCIQka jykafia,d b;d ,Nh'
98
uOHu hq.h
Wkajykafiaf.a f;kdj Ouh ;=< ls|d nei ;uka jykafiaf.a m%{d

uysuh hqKq lsugh' th wm ish fokdgu Yd, ,dNhla jkafkah'
Tng Ndjkdj ms<sn| h .eg we;ak Wkajykafiaf.ka wid tajd
ksrdlrKh lr .kak' Tng th Yd, ,dNhls' kuq;a lreKdlr n,j;a
hka;%" uka;% iauh ckl f;,a" fnfy;a fkdfhla lror j,ska u msKsi
Nd;d lrk lsisjla b,a,kag tmd' tjeks foa Ou ud.hg wh;a ke;'
tneka tfia weiSu Wkajykafiag ysyerhls' Tng nekq wykag;a f'
ud fkdlSjd lshkag tmd' wdpdh uka tjeks NsCIqjla fkdf' Wkajykafia
kshu NsCIqjls' Wkajykafia i;H Ouh foaYkd lrhs' fyd|" krl" l=i,a"
wl=i,a" y" jer" .=K" w.=K wd foa ksidf.a ys; iqj msKsi foaYkd
lr;s' Wkajykafia Ou ud.hg msg fjk;a foa fkdlsh;s' Wkajykafia nq
nK muKla foaYkd lr;s' uu Wkajykafiag wiS; f,i f.!rj lr'
Wkajykafiag ud ta nj lSf ke;' tfy;a mr ;a; cdkkfhka okS'
wdpdh uka wm ieuf.a je ms ,eug w;sYhska iqiq fj;s'
Wkajykafia ienkau f,dalhdf.a msx fl;ls' ;uka jykafiaf.a wudkqIsl .=k .ek Wkajykafia m%ldY fkdlr;s' kuq;a wms idlPd lrk
g th meye,sh' Wkajykafia wkd.d ;;a;ajfhka isk nj ug jegfya' Wkajykafiaf.a kqu yd wjfndaOh fn!oaO fmd; m;ska tk wkd.
d mqoa.,hdf.a ia;rhg .e,fma' Wkajykafia ks;ru ug tl hgu
ys;j;a l olajhs' lsis kl uqrKavq Wodr .;s fmkag ke;' b;du;a
99
hH
yoj;la uqla;shg m;ajqKs
hg;a my;a hg yeisfr;s' uf.a yo m;af,kau Wkajykafiag f.!rj
wdor lr'
f wd jYfhka c Lqka Wmd,s f;rKqfjda tys /ia is .sys mej
msig lSy' wdpdh uka Wkajykafiaf.a l=hg .shdg miq f foaYkh
l<y' tys is wdpdh ukaf.a YsIH msi miqj fuh f wdldrfhka
Wkajykafiag lshk ,' Wkajykafia iska miq ld,hl ;ukaf.a wksl=;a
YsIHhkag fuh iqiq wjia:djl lshk ,' zzuqf;;dohZZ hkq yojf;a
zzuqla;shZZ fyj;a ksoyihs' wdpdh ukaf.a msksfuka miq wodyk
W;aijfha fuu mqj; uqKh lr ixf. m;% fnod yk ,' wdpdh
ukaf.a kduh t;eka mgka uqL mrmrdfjka mej; ta' Wfodka ;dys .f
jg fnd fidf*dka mkaif,a jdih lrK c Lka Oufc iajdka
jykafiaf.a ia;rhg wkqj wdpdh uka 1929 isg 1940 olajd hx uhs
m%foaYfha iQy'
wjqre .Kklska miq Wkajykafia c Lqx Wmd,s f;rekaf.ka iuqf.
k W;=re m%foaYhg .shy' th b;d wE; llrhls' >k jkdka;rhls'
fumuK l,la Ou foaYkd lr vdjg m;a Wkajykafia yqol,dj ;u
mqre Ndjkdfjka l,a f.ug fnfyka leu;s h' wjqre .Kkdjlg
miq ;u is;a jQ m le,E mirhg .sfhah' hx vd ys uhs m%foaYfha
wjqreoaola muK ie ierEy'
;ud yels ;r Hh jvka wjidk u.a.M, ,nd .ekSug ;
mQcdfjka bgd .;s' NsCIQka jykafia,dg yels muKska wjjdo wkqYdikd
Ks' th b;du id:l h' iuyr YsIHfhda u.a.M, fk,d .;ay' ka
u;= ;uka jykafia tlu wIaGdkhlska Ndjkd l<y' ;ju;a ie`. we;s
flf<ia W,a,x>kh l<hq;=h'

iudch weiqre lrka j.lS Ndr .ekSu ksid Ndjkd ukisldrh
lv f' ;udg is fia yqol,dj ish fkdyelsh' f jeks iudch weiqre
lsf fndfyda i;s" m[a[d ;sh hq;=h' Ndjkdj hqKq fkdf' Ndjkdj
Ialr f' lvd lmam,a f'
b;du fm!rdKsl jkdka;rh ksia jdihlska f;drh' ;uka
jykafiaf.a fYaI jQ flf<ia Wrd ug fuh iqiq mirhls' yojf;a
/ we;s wdid - leue;a; - Pkaoh uq,ska Wmqgd h hq;=h' ;u ys;
/jfgk wi udkh re l< hq;=h' wkqka iu`. wiqr ksid ta .uk hd
fkdyelsh' j;=r msreK mdrej .sf,kakdla fuks' ;udf.a uql;
a h
s fif
wkqkag wkqlmd lsfuka je<lsh hq;=h' wkqkaf.a l lSfuka je<lsh
hq;=h'
zzka ug we;af;a uf.a .ek fiuh' ug wkqlmd lsuh' tg
kshu nqoaO mq;%fhla fuka Hh jeh yelsf' uu fuys wdf ixidr
id.rh ;rKh lsugh' ish la keiSugh' nqrcdKka jykafia mdr
fmkajd we;' Ouh foaYkd lr we;' ;udf.a ldHh mfil ;nd wkqka
fjfyiSug wjjdo kafkao @ Ouh h m%udKhla wjfndaO jQ wms fjk;a
foa lsug fm<fUuq'
uq,a ld,fha nq rcdKka jykafia iq Y%djl msilska Ydikh
wdrN l<y' bkamiq ry;ka jykafia,d ;=<ska tu mKsvh f,dj m;,
h' tfy;a ug tu w;s W;a;u ;;aa;ajh ke;' uf.a hqKqj m%Odk h
hq;=hs' uu hqKq jq g tys jdish bfu wkqkag ,ef' ld,h vx.= fkdlr' ka ug Yd, igkla l< hq;=j we;' zzflf<ia iy u.a. w;r
igkls' isf;a uql;shg fuu hqo Nghska fofokdgu uu fuf;la ys;j;a
l lajqfh' tfy;a ka u;= zzu.a.ZZ uf.a tlu hqo Nghd h hq;=hs'
uf.a Hh wvq jqjfyd;a zzflf<iaZZ kkjd we;' f zzfofokdZZ w;r
fjki fyd\dldr k.; hq;=hs' flf<ia kqfjd;a uu wkka; iir hd
hq;=hs' uf.a is; u md,kh l< hq;=hs' ka Nhdkl f,i hqo jeh hq;=hs'
f hqoaOh lrka uereK;a lula keye' flf,ia j,g mrdch jqjfkd;a
flf<ia iu,hg ug iskd fikjd we;' tlu ud.hhs we;af;a'
f wd jYfhka Wkajykafia ;ud iu`. l:d lf<ah' ? oj,a ;siafia
hqo f ix.%dufha jeh hq;=hs' iska" yska" weka ks je;sfrka
101
kskao hk ;=re;a ndysr f,dalfhka tk ish fokd iy ;u Yrfhka

tk fokd iy is;s,s ish,a,u wjodkfhka mlaId lr;s' i;s m[a[d
Ou pl%h fuka lrlef' Yrh .ek ;elSula ke;'
miq ld,hl ;uka jykafia .;a Hh .ek l:d lrk g Wkajykafiaf.a YsIHfhda .,a .eiS ishy' wdpdh uka ksjkg fodr jD; lr
we;' we;=< |la fmfka' Wkajykafia fkdmiqng Hfhka i;s m[a[d
jevQy'
;u is; g fndfyda ld,hlg fmr wkd.d ;;a;ajhlg meKqk
j. Wkajykafia ;u YsIHhskag lSy' tfy;a Ouh b.ekaf ksr; jQ
fyhska bka bhg hd fkdyels h' hx udhs ys f rECI m%;sm;a;sfhys
fh tu wruqK id:l h' ldhsl jYfhka Wkajykafia ksfrda.S neka
tu W;aidyh iM, h' b;d blauKska id:l h' Wkajykafiaf.a
wNHka;r wr.,h ovh n,af,la ;u f.dr yeu me;af;kau rlskakdla
fuks' je l,la hkag m%:u f.dr lE,s j,g brd ouhs' tfuka uyd i;s"
uyd m[a[d ;=<ska flf<ia iqkq iqKq h' uyd i;s" uyd m[a[d tl
fudfyd;laj;a miq neiSula ke;' ;uka wdhdifhka rlskakg;a iuyr g
wjYH fkdf' th bfu msysghs' ish wruqKq i;s m[a[dfjka olshs'
tajdfha i;H iajNdjh gq muKska w;ay' tneka w;aykakg hehs wuq;=
w;ula wjYH fkdf' tfia wjYH jQfha uq,a wjia:dfh' i;s m[a[d
mqreoaola jYfhka msysgd we;s g wruqK mlaId lsu" pdu" m%fi
u wkjYHh fya;=M, tlg ix>gkh we;' Hh" l=i,;djh tysu
msysgd we;' ish,a, tlg isoaO we;' ksod .kakd iq ld,h yereK g
ishu ffoksl lghq;= uyd i;s" uyd m[a[dfjka isf' th W,am;lska
fkdkj;ajdu j;=r ldka jkakdla fuks'
iEu is;lau i;s m[a[djg ,laf' i;r kdu ialkaO fuys wruqKq
lrhs' rEm ialkaO l,skau neyer lrK ,' th m%Yakhla fkdf' th
wkd.d f w;ayereKs' ldhdkqmiaikdj wjYH jQfha tf;la muKs'
lfha ishu fldgia pdrd tys wksp" laL" wkd;au iajNdjh i;s
m[a[dfjka neyer h' th iodld,slju neyer h'
wry;a ud.hg meKs g kdu ialkaO mukla miaikd lrhs'
iq f,djla kdu ialkaO pdrk g tlska tl w;=reoyka f' wkd;au
iajNdjh b,lal f' f ishu wmQj ixisoah zzuu uf.aZZ hk
whs;sjdisl j,ska f;drh' ia;S%" mqreI Ndjhla ke;' kduialkaOh ;=<
102
mqoa.,sl Ndjhla ke;' th m[a[dfjka w;alSuls' fndfyda wh f

ms<sn| kqu fmd; m;lska fyda wkqudkfhka ,n;a' th m%udKj;a fkdf'
wjfndaO iy wkqudkh wyi fmdf<dj fuka fjkia f'
fmd; m;ska fyda lg mdvka kqu we;s wh ;u woyia fndfyda
{dkjka; hehs is;;s' we;af;kau tu fudayhls' tneka ;u udkh h
.%yKh lr wkqkaf.ka Wmfoia fkd,nhs' f udkdl Ndjh W.;a;=ka
iy idlPd lsf fmfka' m%{dfjka fuu ie`. we;s flf<ia lal
hq;=h' biau;= l< hq;=h' tg tu ;Kayd" j,ska ie ,;a w;a;sjdru
foord hhs' fuh Ndjkduh m%{djls' W.;=ka ;u kqu" oDIah" udkh
ksid ;l ;l lr;a' ;udf.a u;h iaMqg lr;a' jpk j,g iSud f'
wka;sf YsIag .;s mej;= mjd wfydais f' mrd; f hehs wjodkula
we;sj idlPd lrk neks'
Ndjkdf fuu flf<ia ykd .ks;s' i;s m[a[dfjka b,lal
jQ g flf<ia ke.S isug fkdyelshs' Oufha we;s m%n, wdhqOh i;s
- m[a[d f' flf<ia j,ska i;s m[a[d mrdch l< fkdyelsh' i;s
m[a[d bfha flf,ia ksNS; fkdf' nqrcdKka jykafia nqoaO;ajh
,enqf i;s m[a[d ;=<sks' Y%djl ix>hd wy;ajh ,enqf i;s m[a[d
;=<sks' i;s m[a[d ;=<ska miaikd {dk my< f' bf.kSu" wkqudkh"
ye`.Su" l,amkdj" u;h wdh ;=<ska ;u flf<ia uq,skqmqgd .ekSug fkdyelsh' uq,a ld,fha fuu woyia u;lfhka f.k u`. i<l=Kq jYfhka
bjy,a f' th i[a[d ialkaOhhs' fujeks wdl,am j,ska m%fi h
hq;=hs' tajd i;Hh f,i wdrEV f' nqoaOd ry;ka jykafia,d flf<ia
re lf,a W.;al fyda u;h fyda wkqudkh ;=<ska fkdf'
Wkajykafia,d f,dalhg i;H m%ldY lf<a m%{dj ;=<sks' m%{dj
fjkqjg Ndjkdfhda.Skag ;u nqoah fyda wkqudkh wdh jxpd" m%fhda.
jYfhka wjq;a uq,d flf' flf<ia lsisjla re lr ke;sj f m%fhda.
j,g wiqh yelsh' kq iNdrh b;du YsIag jqjo ;udf.a uqla;sh
ke;' ld,duhkag nqrcdKka jykafia foaYkd lf<a fufia ;ud /jug
fhduqh yels ksidh' tneka wkqudkh Yajdih lrkag tmd' w;S;fha
isg mej; tk f;dr;=re Yajdi lrkag tmd' .=rejre lS muKska Yajdi
lrkag tmd' th ;udg meye,s jkafka ;udf.au i;s" iud" m[a[d fjks'
fuh taldka;fhkau ksh; ksiel iy;slhhs' nqoaOd ry;ka jykafia,dg
;jfll=f.ka ;udf.a ry;a Ndjh .ek wid k .kakg jQfha ke;'
ikal .=Kh weia bmsg olakg ,ef' th nq oyu ta wdldrfhka
103
ms<smk g ,efnk M,hls'

;uka jykafia f Wiia m%;sm;a;s mqrK g th imQKfhkau is;a
weo .;af;ah' ld,h .ek wjOdrKhla ke;ehs mejiSh' ojfia fudk h
hduhs wu;l h' ksod.kag wu;l h' ;uka fl;r fjfyiS weoahs
wu;lh' is; ksNh h' fkdfi,a jqKs' is; ksrka;rfhkau ish flf<ia
iu`. fmdr no;s' tajd uq,skqmqgd ug iQodkka ishs' hdx udhs ys
j fc wx isg meKss od isg tla klj;a kslrefka miq fkdh' je
l,la hkag m%:u wjidk w;s W;a;u wjfndaOh my< h'
yqol,dj fuu .uk wdrN l< fudfydf;a isg ;u is; f.j;aj
ls%hd lf<a wcdkSh wYajfhl= fuka hehs mejiSh' Wv wyig f.dia kej;
fmdf<df ls|d nei kej;;a wyig mek kexf.ah' wkka; Yajfha
wmQj Ya; foa fiug leu;s h' ;u ika;dkfha ishu flf<ia tl
g Wrd ug yelshehs is;=Ks' wjqre .Kkla is; iudc wjYH;d
ksid wdjrKh ;snqKs' leu;s hg ieirkag fkdyels h' Yajfha
we;s .=ma; ryia wjOdrKh lsug fndfyda ld,hla isg is;ka isfhah'
ka ta ksoyi ,eK' th Nd.H imkak ksoyils' is; ;=ka f,dalh ;=<
yeisrug yelsh' uyd .fIKhls'
Wkajykafia is; wNHka;rho ndysr f,dalho mlaId l<y'
Wkajykafiaf.a i;sm[a[d yd;ami kso hhs' ksrka;rfhka we;=< isg"
Wv" hg ixl%uKh lrhs' iEu jdo .; m%Yk
a hlau ksrdlrKh lrhs' ;ud
fjka lr ika lrhs' ;ud ;=< mej;s fndrej lvd iqkq iqKq lrhs' uyd
ihqf msyk
s k fhdaO u;iHfhla fuka ;uka bfha we;s ish wdjrK le
is .sfhah' Wkajykafiaf.a w;S;h foi ne g fkdfhla ndOd jK
; m%jD;a;s ydkslr m%;sM, fmfkkakg h' f ish,af,ka ug ud.
hla gy' yoj; f.fhka iamkaokh h' wkd.;h foi ne g rdclSh
iqkH;djhls' tys ldka;su;a wdf,dalh oi w; ys we;' th ia;r l<
fkdyelsh' weig tjeks wdf,dalhla iamI ke;' fma%CIhdg h ye`.
u
S la ug th jpkd;sl%dka;h
s ' Wkajykafiaf.a fuu w;alS ta wdldrfhka
Tn fj; f.k taug ug fkdyels ksid uq yoj;skau lafj'
wdpdh uka Ndjkd lrka ? fnda jk ;=re tysu ishy' ;uka
jykafiaf.a tu wisu;a uyd i;s" uyd m[a[ Wmu wjia:df is'
is; jf Ou pl%h fuka f.fhka lrlef' Wkajykafia Yd, l
mduq,l jev yqkafkah' fmak f;la udkfha me;,s .,a ;,djls' mirh
104
wyi muKs' tys ;snQ tlu .i hg Wkajykafia Ndjkd l<y' oj,a ld,fha
f .fia fijk ;snqKs'
tu .fia ku fkdoks' ta .ek ug iud jqj uekj' Wkajykafia
f.a woa;Sh wdlIKSh ia;rhg weyq lka u yer tjeks mir .ek
weiSug fkdyels h' tu l .egfha ku" m<d;" k.rh .ek fkdoks'
uu ud .ek lmd jqks' uf.a ksia ;h f wdldrfhka kdia;s lro
tjeks wjfndaOhla f w;aneys ,eug mdr imQKo @ wd jYfhka"
h kl Wkajykafiaf.a jk p;h fufia ,shkag f hs woyila
fkd;snqKs' tneka lsis m%Yakhla kEiqfj'
tk ikaOHdf wdpdh uka mp iuqmamdoh fufkys lrka
ilauka Ndjkd l<y' th Wkajykafiaf.a imQK wjOdkh jqKs' tu
n,j;a m%{dj fya;= fldgf.k rd;S% 9g muK yska Ndjkd lrk g
iud .; h' woHd hkafkys w:h meye,sh' tla tla mdofha w:
.%y lf<ah' fodf,dia wdldr mp iuqmm
a doh wkqf,dau m%;f
s ,dau jYfhka
fufkys l<y' fya;= idOl tlsfklg idfmalaI we;' fufia fufkys
lrK g Wmam;a;sh" urKh" flf<ia uQ,sl woHdfjka yg .kakd wdldrh meye,s h'
tys yska Ndjkdf fhk g ;SrKd;aul b;du jeo.;a fudfyd; Wodh' tk ,s msyshla fuka uqjy;a jQ uyd i;s" uyd m[a[d
iska woHdj k i;=rd mrdch lsuhs' woHdj olaI f,i wi udkh
wdrlaId lrhs' myrj,a j<laj;s' ;u reoaOjdhd ms,sir lr;s' wkka;
iir mgka woHdjg wNsfhda.hla fkd,enqKs' tfyhska woHdj wrdcHh
lf<ah' Wmam;a;s urK k Tyqf.a rdcOdksh mrdch l< fkdyelsh' fuh
ish m%dKSka wNsNjd we;s uyd n,h f' kuq;a whu 3 jk g wdpdHh
uka wjidk jrg hqo jeKs' tys M,h jQfha wrdcHhdf.a isxydikh iqKq
iqKq uh' rc rdcHfhka myh' Wmam;a;s" urK rdcOdksh kdY h'
rc fndfyda fia j, h' kej; ke.S taug Yla;sh ke;' ta fudfydf;a
woHdj ksreoaO h'
f fudfydf;a uq Yajh p,kh ula jeks lmdjla we;sh'
ta iu`.u CIKhlska foaj iuQyhd /ia jQy' fuu fYa%IaG;u ch.%ykh
ms<sn| ;u n,j;a i;=g m%ldY lrka tlkska kdo l,y' th Yajh
mqrd / ms<s/ Ks' ;:d.;hka jykafiaf.a ;j;a Y%djlfhla f,dalfha
Wm; ,nd we;' i;=g ks ys ke;' Tjqyq mS%;s f>daId meje;ajQy' ukqIH
f,dalfha wh tu fudfyd; .ek fkdoks;a ;u ffoksl ldu f,dalfha
105
l iem ka isk neka ksia f,dj fujeks wdYapHhla is jQ nj

fkdoks;s' f uyd wdYapHhu;a Ouh ksfil=f.a is; ;=< yg.;a njg
Tyq fkdoks;s'
fuu wmqj isoafhka miq isf;a b;=re jQfha zzY=oa OuhhsZZ b;du
msis" i;H" iajdNdl is;ls' tu is; uq ijdx.h ;=< b;s me;s
mj;S' tu m%;HCI w;alSu ksid jpkd;sl%dka; ishq fokdjla iauhla
iy mqu iekiSula we;' f,dalhd flfrys fuf;la mej; ;snQ lreKdj
wu;l h' ta iu`.u wka whg Ouh lshd f Wkkaj ke;sh' f
mru fY%aIaG oyu hful=g b;du .eUqreh' flfkl=g myod h fkdyelsh'
tneka fuu oyu flfia foaYkd lrkafkao @ f iuq;s f,dalfha yska
tu w;s msis;djh kaokh l< yelsf'
fufia fndfyda f,d fufkys lrk g nqrcdkka jykafia wiS;
lreKd .=Kh gy' Wkajykafia fujeks wisu;a Ouh wjfndaO fldg
wka whg;a lshd ug Wkka h' f nq oyu ;=< wnu,a fKqjlaj;a
fndrejla ke;' wdpdh uka uq rd;S% ld,h nq .=K fufkys lrka
.; l<y'
wdpdh uka iajNdjfhkau b;d lreKdjka;hs' ksidf.a wdOHd;al
.=K j.dj hqKq lsug wkqlmd ;snqKs' kuq;a Wkajykafiaf.a ka
mj;sk is; ;SCIKh n,j;ah' wdf,dalu;ah' f Ou;djh lsis flfkl=g
meye,s l< fkdyelsh' fl;r ia;r l<;a flf<ia iys; mqoa.,hskag
fuh Ih fkdf' f ia;rh lSfjd;a Wkajykafia Wu;= jQfjlehs
is;;a' m%lD;s ksidg fuys w.hla ke;' fuu Ouh wjfndaO l< yels
wh b;d r,h' ;ukaf.a b;s ld,h yqolo,d ug isf' uq ;
ld,hla .;a ishu fjr Hh ksid ;u is;e`.s bIag h' th m%udKj;a
f' Ouh b.ekaug .kakd Hh ksIaM, h yelsh' ;uka jykafiaf.a
wiS; lreKdj ksid kskaod wmydi ug isf' ksid t;r wkqkag
.erySug leu;s f'
fujeks woyia Wkajykafiaf.a is; ;=< mek ke.=Ks' nqrcdKka
jykafiaf.a wdoYh .ek is;k g ;uka jykafia;a idudkH ukqIHfhla
j .; l< wjh u;la jqKs' wka whf.ka fjkila ke;' tfy;a Ouh
wjfndaO h' fuu m%;smodj wkq.ukh l< yels ;j;a ukqIHfhda we;'
th wj;lafiare lsu iqiq ke;'
nqrcdKka jykafia ud.M, ksjk tla mqoa.,fhl=g iSud lr ke;'
th f,dalfha buy;a ksia ixy;shg ka odhdohls' j;udk wkd.;
106
mrmrdjg o idOdrKh' nq oyu wkq.ukh lr ksjka m%;HCI l<

mqo.
a ,hkaf.a ixLHdf iSudjla ke;' tfyhska ;uka jykafiaf.a wjfndaOh
fYaI fohla fkdf' th uq,ska meye,s jQfha ke;'
fufia is;k g Ouh foaYkd lsug leue;a;la we;s h' ;uka
jykafia fmkajd fok ud.fha .uka lsug yels whg oy foik nj
is;=Ks' Ouh W.kajk .=rejrhd yg j.lSuls we;' tk wjYH Nla;sh
f.!rjh ke;s whg Ouh fkdlshd yeuh'
Ouh wid isk iuyr wh l:d lr;s' Yo lr;s' tjekafkda
Ouhg wf.!rj lr;s' Ouh hkq idudkH fohla hehs is;;s' f,dalfha
we,S .e,S isk wh Ouhg keUqre fkdf' tg Ouh foaYkd l<
fkdyelsh' tfia lrk g .=rejrhd je/oaola lrk w;r wid iskakd
ksIaM, f'
wdpdh uka f Ouh wjfndaO lsug fndfyda fjfyi rEy'
rECI le,Ej," l isLr j, ;u ;h mrjg ;nd Wkajykafia jer
rEy' fujeks r Wodr .;s .=K mqre mqyqKq lrka b;d lfia wjfndaO lr.;a Ouh kslrefka j;=f md lr yeh fkdyelsh' NsCIqj h
ls%hdjla lsug l,ska b;d iqmCIdldj ;u m%h;akfha M,h .ek is;hs'
Ouh foaYkd lrK g th l< hq;af;a b;du iqmCIdldjh' th jer
wdldrhg f,dalhd yg ka g bka krl M, mdl ,ef'
Ouh W.kajkafka wid isk whf.a la mSvd ke;s lsugh' ffjoHjrfhla fnfy;a kshu lrkakdla fuks' tfy;a hfula la ksjd .ekSug
Wmldrhla ms<s.ekSug fkdleu;s k NsCIqjla tjeks whg Ouh foaYkd
lrkafka wehs @ ;uka jykafiaf.a i;H Ouh yoj; ;=< we;' tneka
jkfha jdih lsu i;=g t<jkakls' f.da,hka fif wjYH;djhla
ke;' th wjYH jkafka bjish fkdyels ;r b.ekaug leue;a; we;s
neks' bka ;udf.a i;=g ke;sf' Ouh ms<sn| wl jYfhka Y%oaOdj
ke;s flfkla ;ud .=rejrfhla hehs lSj;a th kdu ud;%hla muKs'
wdpdh uka le,Ef j;a ug b;du;a iqiq f,i Ydl udkisl
ilia ula we;s nj lSy' ;u Ouh ;=<ska isf;a we;s i;=g wiS;h'
Ouh hkq iudhls' Ouh we;s is; ks;ru ;Dma;su;ah' iudys;h"
ksrjq,ah' tys iduh rc lrhs' l uqka" >k jkdka;r Wkajykafia leu;s
mirhkah' tys Ouh is; wrla f.k jdih lrhs' wka whg b.ekau
hq;=lula jYfhka neula kd Wkajykafiag lsisfia;a wkjYHh' Oufha
107
yeisu hkq Wkajykafiaf.a mru hq;=luls' iem im;a ka ksoyfia

isug leue;a;la ke;'
wms Oufha isk g" Ouh wjfndaO jQ g" Ouhg wkqj iar
meje;aula we;s g f,dal jHjydrh .ek l,n, fkdf' CIsma; fkdf'
la f.k fok mial iqj miqmi fkdhhs' i;=g ikaf;daIh we;af;a Ouh
wkqj j;a jk whf.a yoj; ;=<h' th wka whf.a yojf;a oHudk
fkdf'
Ouh b.ekau .ek wdpdh uka b;d mCIdld fjhs' Ouh
.;dkq.;slj W.kajkafka ke;' Oufha tjeks .;dkq.;sl;ajh ke;'
Ouh kEjg tmdjg mqyqKq l< fkdyelsh' b;du;a iqiq wdl,am u;
f.dv k.d we;' W;a;;r .=K im%odhla nq oyf we;' wjfndaOh
kslug ,efnkafka ke;' th h .=Kd;aul fYa%Kshlska l%ufhka je hk
iajNdjhls' ;kslr i;Hh u; f.dv ke.S we;' wdpdh uka ms<f
s j;a mqrK
NsCIQkag ks;r ka wjjdoh k Ouh fndre wdrEVhla fkdjk njhs'
tneka fndrej Ouhg yd;amiska reoaOh' fndre /j,s ke;' Ouh
b;du nrm;, nqre,la ke;s kshu ms<smeuls' th ,sys,a l< fkdyelsh'
isf;a yslau" kh md,kh hkq Ouh f' ksy;udkS uu;ajfhka f;dr
;u is;" lh" jpkh bnd.df;a fkdhk whg muKla ;ksj ish yelsh'
iaffj Ndjhla we;'
Ouh W.kajk g Wkajykafia ;udf.a is; ;=< mj;sk Ouh .ek
l:d lf<ah' wjfndaOh hkq Ya; iajNdjhls' fkdys;+ wkaoka Ouh
wjfndaO f' th fufia f hehs l<ska ks.ukh l< fkdyelsh' ;ud ue
h,s bmkdhehs isf;a' tljru w;a ;hl bmfoa' th fudfyd;l
mHdihls' mkduhls' ;ud fuf;la fkdo;a fohla tljr oHudk
f' th iodl,a ;snqK;a ka fmr fkdgq w;alSuls' tljru tk kqu
wmQj oYkhls' fuu w;s mdY=oaO w;alSu fl;r fjkila jQjdo
hkak f;are .ekSug ld,hla hhs' tneka f,dal jHjydrhg reoaO jk
fuu w;alSu mqyqka ksidg f;are lrkafka flfiao @
uq,a ld,fha isgu wdpdh ukaf.a p;h f.j;ah' lsh
% dYS,h
S ' wjidk
wjfndaOfha fuu p;h Woamkh h' th fl;r ;a;dlIKSh hs
lsh; fyd;a th wu;l l< fkdyelsh' miq ld,hl ;u Y%djlhskaf.
a m%fndaOh msKsi f ms<sn| l:d l<y' kej; kQmk f,i u.M, ,enQ
fudfydf;a ;=ka wdldr mN%uKhla ish' fuh kj;u zzjgZZ ;a;h
108
jgd N%uKh h' ish iuq;sh" idfmaCI;djh | jegqKs' fuh m<uqfjks

N%uKh o ish' fofjks N%uKh is jQ g zzuqla;shZZ my< h' tys
woyi meye,s h' mru uqla;sh ,enqKs' ;=kajk N%uKh wjika u;a
iu`. zzwkd,fhdaZZ fyj;a imQK ;kylLh fyj;a ;Kaydj CIh h'
tys b;shla ke;' f jk g ;a;h Ouh w;r fjkila ke;' zztl
;a; - tlOuZZ isf;a m%lD;s;ajh Ou;djhhs' iuq;sfha we;s fo
oa;aj zzuu - TnZZ idfmalaI;djh tys ke;' f jkdys zzuqla;s OuhZZ
f' th ir,h' msish' mrud:h f' ;kslr Ouh i fjk;a lsis
wdrEVhla idfmalaI;djhla" iuq;shla iu`. iY%Kh ke;' fuh
wjfndaO jkafka tla jrla muKs' tys ;j mmQK lsula ke;'f jkdys
zzuqla;s OuhZZ f' th ir,h' msish' mrud:h f'
nqrcdKka jykafia iy wksl=;a ry;ka jykafia,d wy;ajh
,enqf tla jdrhla muKs' Ouh yd ;a;h tlu iajNdjhls' ta ms<sn|
;jrg l< hq;a;la ke;' ;h f.k hk ialJOfhda - ialJOfhda fj;s'
ta ms<sn| ;Kayd Wmodk ke;s neka tajd ksid ixLdr kQm' ta yer fjk
lsis fjkila ke;' ;a;h iy ialkaO fjka fjka jYfhka mj;S tajdg
wdfKsl jQ .;s ,CIK mj;S' tajd .%yKh lsula fyda uq,djg m;aula
fyda ke;' tneka tlsfkldg inkaO ke;' tlla ksid wkslg n,mEula
ke;' b;du;a iduldj ialkaOhka yd ;a;hka iajdNdl f,i urKh
olajd fufia mj;S'
Yrh urKhg m;a jQ g f w;s mY=oaO is; zzh fmd p
ksnqf;dZZ h fia myfka f;,a bjr jQ g ,a, ksh;a o tfiau wdhqIh
f.f is; keue;s ,a, ks hhs' bkamiq f is; kej; ialkaOhka
myrKh fkdlr;s' iuq;s f,dalfha lsisjla f is;g wod< fkdf'
wdpdh ukaf.a fujeks ixl,amkd we;s jQfha tu ;=ka wdldr mN%uKhka
is jQ gh' ta fudfydf;a iuq;sh ialkaOhka iy uqla;s is; iajdk
iodld,shgu fjkah'
wdpdh uka fuu wjfndaOh ,nd iauhg m;a t<sjk ;=reu
;uka fl;r fudayhlska fuf;la l,a .; l,do hkak m%;HfCId l<y'
bula fldkla ke;s iir ;ud weo.k .sh wdldrh b;du ixf. cklh'
rElvhla fuka we .sfhah' ;uka jykafia b;du meye,s ls%ig
a ,a m<s`.=jla
jeks ys rie;s c,dihlg mek we;' tg l lvd ieKs' ish,a,
b;d meye,sh' wfyda f jkdys nqrcdKka jykafia jod< plLqx Womd''' wy;a Y%djl Y%dldjka ,en .;a wjfndaOh fujeks m%ikak ia;
109
wjfndaOhls' wjqre 2500 m%:u fuu wjfndaOh ,nd Wkajykafia,d f,dalhd

yg lshd mEy' fndfyda la uykais ;uka jykafia f wjfndaOh ,oy'
Wkajykafia wfkal jdrhla fmdf<df .dfjka nqoaO" Ou" ix> hk
r;ak;%hg je| jegqky' hfula f oYkh gqjd k f NsCIqj uy;a
llska l i, i,d fmdf<df je;sfr;shs is;kq we; f,dal md,l
fohkag je| jefg;shs Tyq is;kjd we;' oi idjg kuialdr lrka
Wu;=fjka fuka Wkajykfia je| jegqky' Wkajykafiaf.a tu yeisu
b;du;a wiajdNdl h' nqoaO" Ou" ix> hkq l=ulahs f fudfydf;a
f;are .sfhah' zzfhd Oux miai;s fid ux miai;sZZ th ienE h' zzhfula Ouh olSo fya nqka olSZZ tneka Tyq judk nqrcdKka jykafia
bfha is;s' wdpdh uka ;=< we;s jQ lD;{;djh f wdldrfhka nqoaO"
Ou" ix> r;akhg lajQy'
f wisu;a rd;s%h mqrd fo foaj;djqka jykafia,d fkdfhla foaj
f,dal" n%yau f,dal j,skao" N+uG" rECI" wdldiG fkdfhla ;,j,
fojrekao Wkajykafia bfha fmkS iska ;u i;=g m%ldY l<y' tu
kskakdoh Yajfha fodaxldr ks' Ouh foaYkd lsug Tjqka wdrdOkd
l<y' tfy;a Wkajykafia th m%;sfCIam l<y' ulaksido @ ;ju;a ;uka
jykafiaf.a m%S;sh iqjh ka isk neka ;u uki fjk;a wruqKlg
fhduq lrkakg fkdyels uh' fjk;a fj,djl Ouh foaYkd lrK
njg m%;s{d ka g foaj iuQyhd w;=reoyka h' zzY=oa fohkaZZ tu
k gq nj m%ldY lr fofhda w;sYh i;=gq jQy' tk ry;ka jykafia
kula gq njhs'
myka jQ g Wkajykafia tu wiqfkka ke.S ishy' tfy;a Ouh
wjfndaO lsf iauh Wkajykafiaf.a .; is; mskd hhs' ;=ka jrla is jQ
N%uKh b;d ishq f,i .%y l<y' Wkajykafia msg is jDCI rdchdo
isysm;a h' .f odhl msi Wkajykafiag n;ska nq,;ska ix.%y l< nj
isysm;a h'
tg yS,a odkh i|yd .ug hdug ue,sh' ;uka jykafia w;sYh
mS%;sh N=la;s ;s' tfy;a .f wysxil ckhdg Yd, mskla w;am;a jk
nj is;+ g ms~q is`.d hdug is;ah' tk Wkajykafiaf.a weia wer Tjqka
foi ney' fjkod u n,df.k j;s' ;uka jykafiaf.a md;%hg wdydr
fnok Tjqka foio" .f tla frdla f.j,a wjg is ksik
q o
a " l=Kq f.df
fi,a, lrk ore hka o l" Tjqka flfrys wiS; lreKdjla my<
h' uq .uu wdf,dalu;a we;' ksiaiq i;=ka ikaf;daIfhka isky
110
uqyqkska Wkajykafia foi n,;s'

Wkajykafiaf.a l uqfka msys l=hg wdmiq meKs g yoj;
mS%;sfhka bms, .shy' ;ju;a wdydr fkd.;a kuq;a l=i .skakla ke;' ys;g
j;a .;gj;a lsisu la,dka; njla ke;' tfy;a wdhdifhka wdydr je<y'
wdydrj, lsisu rihla fkdfka' Ou rih muKla uq ijdx.fha ys
we;' fuh k zzin rix Ou rix kd;sZZ fkdfo@
miqk rd;S% kej;;a foaj iuQyhd Ou Y%jkh msKi
s jehy' wyfia
yeu Ydfjkau wdliG" N+uG fojre lKavdh jYfhka mefK;s'
yeu fokdu Bfha rd;S% is jQ Ou Yla;sh .ek m%Yxid l<y' thska Yajh
taldf,dal jQ nj mejiQy' tu lmkh uq Yajh ;=< foord .sh nj
ie,l<y' ta iu`. wdf,dalh we;sjh' Tyq fufia mejiQy'
zzTn jykafiaf.a is;ska Ouh .,d hk wdYaph wms gqfjuq' wm
jeia ;=<ska tys wdf,dalh ys hk ie;a ia;h' bre ishhla fyda oyila jqjo tjeks wdf,dalhla ysug iu;a ke;' fujeks uyd wdYapHhla
l .ekSug fkdyels wh weoahs wmg is;d.; fkdyelsh' i;=ka iy
ksiqka fu;r wkaO nd, wh nj Yajdi lsug fkdyelsh' Bfha rd;s%fha
is jQ f n,j;a isoah ksid fojre mqufhka mquhg m;a h' ta ukyr
oYkh l is;a CIsma; h' ta fojre uyd Yofhka idOqldr meje;a
jQy' th t;r mqudldrh' foaj f,dal lmkh h'
Tn jykafia uyd n, we;s flfkls' uyd mqreIfhls' W;a;u mqreIfhls' f;acdka; Yla;shls' fkdfhla f,dal j, isk i;a;ajhskag irKls'
Tn jykafiaf.a fijke,af,a miqmi .uka lr fndfyda wh wdYsjdo ,n;s'
ksiqkag fohkag" n%yauhskag wyfia" fmdf<df c,fha jdih lrk ish
i;=kag wdYsjdohls' fYaIfhkau wm jeks fojrekag uy;a ,dNhls'
wmg Tn jykafia lSu uy;a Nd.Hhls' Tn jykafiaf.a Ouh weiSu
Yd, mqKH uysuhls' wms b;du;a lD;{ fjuq' wmg Ouh f;are lr
oy ud.fha msysgqu ksid wms l%ufhka wmf.a ; wf,dalu;a lr
.ksuq'ZZ
fujeks wfkalO m%Yxid lr fojre w;=reoyka jQy' tg
Wkajykafia fndfyda f,d ;uka jykafia fkdfhla wdldrfhka
la fufkys l<y' Ouh wjfndaO lr .ekSug .;a Hh" wiS;h'
Wkajykafia fl;r ;h mrjg ;nd Hh jevQ jdo hkq zzOuh
urKdikak m%h;akhlaZZ nj m%;HCI l<y' tjeks urKhg uqyqK ug
111
jqjo wfmdfydi;a k f Ouh wjfndaO fkdjkafkah' la ke;s lsug

t;r la kao hq;=f' tfia ke;sj f w;s W;a;u uqla;sh fkd,ef'
wdOHd;al iyldh
;uka jykafiaf.a wjfndaOhg miq iud iqjfhka .; lrk g
w;S;fha ie`. ;snQ fmr Njhl iyldh u;lg meKsfhah' fuf;la l,a
fuu iso
a h wu;l ;snK
q 's wdpdh ukaf.a fuu l:dj rij;a neka o wms
ieufokdgu fujeks wjia:d we;s nj wjfndaO lsugo fujeks Nj mqre
wms miq mi fijke,a,la fuka .uka lrk nj oyd laugo fuu l:
dj mqia;lhg wvx.= lr' fuu mqj; h hlska fkdukd fy<s orjla
k Bg uu iudj wh' Tng kg;a f;are hkjd we;s fuu mqj;
wdpdh ukaf.a b;du;a YajdikSh YsIHhskag muKla fy<sl< mqoa.,sl
lreKla nj' uu ,sug fndfyda ue,s jqfk' tfy;a kej; kej;;a th
,sug we;s wjYH;djh bm;a ud uev .;s' tneka wka;sf fuh
,sug ;SrKh .;s' uu jrola l< nj ms<s.ks' tfy;a mdGl Tn ug
iudjqj uek' ixidr nkaOkhg yiq isk wmg Wmam;a;s urK w;frys
/ isug we;s fya;= f mqj; ;=<ska l .; yelsf'
fuu mqj; w;S; Njhl ;u iyldh iu`. we;s lr .;a iqyo
m%;s{djls' fofokdf.a iyh we;sj nqnj ,nd .ekSug ;uka l< wIaGdkhls' f wd;aufha o lSm gla ;uka jykafia iud iqjfhka isk g
fjk;a wd;au Njhl isk wE t;=ud bfha fmkS ishy' tg Wkajykafia iska flfhka Ouh foaYkd lr wE hjk ,' wef.a wd;auh lD;s
;;a;ajhls' is; muKla we;' lh lal fkdyelsh' lhla fkd,nkafka
ulaksidhs Wkajykafia m%Yak l<g t;=h uy;a fia lKiai,af,ka
miqjk nj;a Wkajykafia ,eug m%d:kd lrk neka Yrhla we;s
wd;auhla fkd,nk nj;a kajQjdh' Wkajykafia t;=hg ka m%;s{dj
wu;l lroahs lska miqfj;s' tk fofokd nq nj ,nd .ekSug .;a
;SrKh ms<n
s |jh' wdpdh uka tg ;ud .;a tu ;SrKh w;ay< nj m%ldY
l<y' Wkajykafia f wd;au Njfhau ksjka wjfndaO lrk nj;a kej;
kQmk nj;a m%ldY l<y' wE fuu ;SrKh .ek uy;afia lg m;ah'
Wkajykafia ms<sn| n,j;a wdYdjla we;' tneka Wkajykafia lSug
mefK;s' tfy;a f fudfydf;a wE ms<sn| u;la lf,a Wkajykafiah'
wE .ek wkqlmdjla we;' ;uka jykafia wd;au .Kkdjla wE iu`.
112
fndfyda la ka fuu wIaGdkfha / ishy' ka th wfydais we;'

ta ms<sn| jgyd ug wE yuqh hq;=h' fufia is;ka l f,djla .; jQ
g wE Wkajykafia bmsg ishdh' tfy;a wirh'
wdpdh uka t;=h .; lrk fuu wd;au Ndjh .ek m%Yak l<y'
t;=hg wka Njhkays i;a;ajhka fuka Yrhla ke;af;a wehs @ ;ud j;a
jkafka tla;rd ishq foaj f,dalhlh' Wkajykafiag we;s wdYdj ksid bka
ug fkdleue;s fj;s' ;ud uqK .eiSug Wkajykafia leu;s nj k
tys wdjdh'
idudkHfhka wE Wkajykafia lSug tkafka l,d;=rlsk's b;d n,j;a
leue;a;la we;s jqjo Wkajykafia lSug taug h iel we;' we;af;kau
tfia h iel bmug lreKla ke;' tfia meKSu ksid we;s ydkshla
ke;s neks' tfy;a wef.a isf;a we;s wdYdj ksid wE j,h' wdpdh
uka iska ks;r tau ms<sn| wm%idoh m,lr we;' ta ;u Ouh fif
u. wjqrd ish yels neks' yoj; b;d ;SCIK ishq bJshls' n,j;a
ixfokhla we;' b;d ishq wdidjka jqjo is;g n,mdhs' tg Ndjkd
hqKqj wek ys' f nj o;a wE ks;r meKSfuka je<l=Ks'
Wkajykafia kej; kQmk nj;a ixidl [d;s ;% inkaO;d lsi-s
jla ke;s nj;a wE fyd|dldr k ishdh' ;udf.a wdOHd;al iylrejd
wehg wys we;' ta ksjk mila l< fudfyd; uq Yajhu lmd jQ
nj oE okS' Wkajykafiaf.a f woa;Sh ch.%yKh ms<sn| idudkHfhka
i;=gq h hq;= jqjo wehg we;s jQfha u luls' fumuK ld,hla iir mqrd
Wkajykafiaf.a ch.%yK ms<sn| uq;dj we;sjqjo f wjia:dj bis,Sug
fkdyelsh' tneka wiajdNdl m%;sls%hdjla we;sh' zzWkajykfia
j.lSu w;ay,k" ;ud .ek ;elSula ke;' wm%udK ld,la tlfia la iem
ka iir meK we;' wo wE ;ksh' uy;a wNd.Hhlg m;ah' l
w;ayer .; fkdyel' Wkajykafia l blaujd f.dia we;' wE ;ksj la
id.rfha .s,S we;' fufia is;ka ;ud m%{dj ke;s uq,d jQ njla isysm;a
h' br i| iamI lsug we;s wdidj jeks uq,djls' fuu is;s,s ksid
wE mDhg m;s; h'
wE ,dm lshka ;u wirK Ndjh lshd ishs' Wo Wmldr b,a,d
is' ug i;=gqh yelala flfiao @ br y| b,a,d y~kjdla fuka uy;a
llg m;ah' Tn jykafia br i| fuks i;r .a Nd.fha wdf,dal
m;=rejka jecf' Tn jykafiaf.a ;h mS%;su;ah' lsis mels,Sula ke;'
iajdkh' ksoyiah' uf.a lsish .=Khla we;ak ug u. fmkajd fok
113
fialajd' ma;su;a m%{dj my< lr .kafka flfiao @ blauKska Nhdkl

iika f.dv tkafka flfiao @ Tn jykafia fuu ksjka mila lrkafka
flfiao @ uf.a f wIaGdk Yla;su;a fjd blauKska ksjka ols;ajd'
wE blska y~hs' f wir mqoa.,hdf.a wfodakdj wdpdh ukag
wefia' Wkajykafia fufia ms<s;=re ks'
zzTn yuqug ud leu;s jQfha w;S;h .ek is;d lkiai ug
fkdf' wkqkag iem m%d:kd lrk wh Th wdldrfhka fkdis;;s' flda
Tnf.a fu;a;d" lreKd" uq;d" WfmalaIdj ZZ zzuu tfia is;' tfy;a ;ud
f wks;a wh .ek fkdis;k g l yg .ekSu iajdNdlhs' uf.a Y=N
isoah .ek fkd;ld Tn jykafia ud w;ayehd f lska ug u.la
fkdfmfka'ZZ zz;uka ;ksj fyda wkqka iu`. fyda ms<smeu ksid ;udf.
a l my h hq;=hs' l jOkh h hq;= ke;' ;udf.a m%;sm;a;sh jer
ksid Tn la hs'ZZ
flf<ia iys; mqo.
a ,fhda lska ksoyia jk kaou fkdoks;'s ;ud lrk
foa yo jerhs fkdoks;s' f lrk foa ksid iem mdl fyda la mdl
,efhs fkdoks;s' wm okafka wfma yo ;=< we;s l muKs' tneka wm
la ug Ndckh lr w;ayeu iqiqo @
fuu wir mqoa.,hd Wkajykafiag fpdaokd lrka ;uka jykafia
muKla lska ksoyia h hk u;h w;a fkdyhs' lska tf;r u msKsi
wm fofokd uy;a fia la kao nj lshhs' ka ;uka f lska uqojd
.ekSug lsisu ms<sirKla fkdlr;s wd jYfhks'
Wkajykafia wE wia jeiSug W;aidy .;ay' fofofkla tl fih
u; we;s wdydr nqk g tla flfkla l,ska bjr lrhs' fofokdgu tlu
fudfyd;l nv mqrjd .; fkdyelsh' nqrcdKka jykafia iu`. iir
ie ierE hfidaord .ek is;kq uek' fofokd tlfia fndfyda iir l=i,a
lrka wd kuq;a isoaOd: ;jqid m<uqj ksjka gy' nq njg m;ah' miqj
;u | ksjka gy' Tn ta .ek is;d ta mdvu bf.k .kak' Tng h
hlska Wmldr lsug W;aiyd .kakd ug fpdaokd lrkafka wehs @ tfia
is;Su jer iy.; f' Tnf.a o uf.a o wi;=g msKsi mj;S' hfidaordf.
a .=K kqjK .ek is;kak' th ldg;a lu wdoYhls'
Tnj uu le|jQfha Tng Wmldr lsug' Tf Ou wNsjDoahg
ud yeuodu wkq.%yh olajd we;' ud Tn yerod lsisjla fkdlr is hkak
114
uqidjls' ud Tng wkqYdikd lrkafka ffu;S%" lreKd ms yoj;lsks' Tn

uf.a Wmfoia wkqj ms<smeu ksid ud i;=gg m;afj' Tng id:l m%;sM,
,ef k uu WfmalaIdfjka bji'
wms nqoaO;ajh m%d:kd lf<a ixidr pl%fhka ugh' uu Y%djl
hdkh f;dard .;f;a o tu ldHh bIag lr .ekSugh' flf<ia wdid
j,ska ;=rka ugh' la ksjdrKh lsugh' W;= ksjka iem ,eugh'
uu ksjer ud.hl NsCIqjla jYfhka .uka .;af;' fndfyda wd;au
.Kka fufia fmre fmrefj' tfy;a Tn iu`. inkaO ug W;aidy
refj' uu Tng buy;a lreKdfjka Ouh W.kaj' Tn w;ayer
oud uf.a uqla;sh ,nkjd hehs lsisgl ug is;=fKa ke;' ljod;a Tn
fj; ohdj wkqlmdj my< lr' Tnj iir lska uqojd .ekSug" ksjka
wjfndaO lsug ks;r fjfyi refj'
Tf lD;s uki tfia ug fpdaokd lrhs' Tn w;ayer oud uu
muKla ksjka ols' hk woyi Tng iy ug kdYld f' wo mgka
Tjeks woyia neyer lrkak Tf yoj; fokd lrk fujeks jer ye`.
S j,ska fjka fjkak' tu jer is;s,s yd uf.a wruqK yd;amiska reoaO
f' uu Wmldr lsug leu;s fj'
Tn w;r ux lr ud frekd @ ud fld;ekg o .sfha @ ld .eko ud
fkdie<ls,su;a jqfKa @ f fudfydf;a mjd uu Tng lreKdfjka l:d
lr' ud Tng b.ekajf
Q ha ljo;a fujeks lreKdjlsk's Tng ksrka;rfhka
.kajkafka uyd id.rh jeks lreKd nr yoj;lsks' tu lreKdj
fkdkj;ajdu .,d hhs' tneka ud foaYkd lrk Ouh wkq.ukh lrkak'
Tn udj Yajdi lr f Ouh ms<s.;af;d;a Tng ug fukau wOHd;al
iekiSu <`.d jkq we;'
uu NsCIqjla f,i uyK jQ kh mgka uq yoj;skau Ouh
ms<smeoafo' lsisfjla .ek fodia uu fkdols' uu Tnj yuqug W;aidy
.kafka Tn /jug fyda Tng lla ug fkdf' ug yels ;r uq
yoj;skau Wmldr lsugh' Tn udj wYajdi lf<d;a ud yd iudk ;j
flfkla fidhd .ekSu W.ygh' tk uq Yajhu lmd jQ ye Tn
okakd nj Tn lSfh' ta lmd u Oufha /j,a,lao @ tfia is;d Tn
ud wYajdi lrkafkyso @ Ouh hkq imQK i;H nj Tng jegfya
k tk jQ lmdj Tnf.a Y%oaOdj ksid gq fohls' tneka Tng uy;a jQ
mqKH ialkaOhla we;s nj jgyd .kak' Tng wjYH jQ Ou fldgia wid
115
.ekSug msx we;' wir Tnf.a ;h msx u| jqjo fmr msx we;' uf.a
jdikdjlg Tng Ouh foaYkd lsug wjia:dj ,e we;' Tng iyh
ka ;sfnk lska uqojd .ekSug flfkla we;s nj i<ld i;=gq jkak'
f wdldrfhka i;Hh olskakg yels k uu i;=gqfj' tg Tnf.a la
ke;s hhs' Ouh hkq f,!lsl fohla fkdf' lreKdj hkq wkHhka
flfrys fl%daO Wmokakla fkdf'ZZ
f wd jYfhka wdpdh uka wef.a jer oDIah w;ayk f,i
wdhdpkd l<y' tu woyia j, we;s i;H;djh tu ldreKsl Ndjh wE u;
m;s; jQfha jHuh wuD; jeiaila fuks' lska l wE m%lD;s h' tu Ouh
is; ;=<g ld je wef.a is; iud .; h' wE f.!rjdka; h'
wjidkfha ;udf. jro ms<s.;a;dh' zzuf.a wdorh" bjikakg ne
wdidj ksid fujeks Nhdkl ;;a;ajhla Wod we;' uu is;=f Tn ud
w;ayehd lshd" ud .ek fkd;ld ;ksj Tn hkag .shd lshd uf.a ;kslu
i fjk fohla ug fkdis;=Ks' ug ld;a ljqre;a ke;s wirK Ndjhla
kqKs' ka ug Oufha wdf,dalh ,e uf.a yoj; isis,a we;' i;=gq
we;' ka ug ta la f.dv u fy<kakg yelsh' Tn foiQ ldreKsl
joka uf.a flf<ia .sks fidaod .sfhah' uf.a fudayh ksid l< jer j,g
iud jqj uek' wkd.;fha uu isys nqoafhka jdih lr' fujeks jer
kej; fkdlr'ZZ wef.a l:dj wid is wdpdh uka wEg fjk;a wd;au
Ndjhla ,nd .ekSug Wmfoia Ks' w;S;h wu;l l< hq;=h' wE b;d
f.!rjfhka th ms<s.;a;dh' zzuf.a wka;su wdhdpkh fuhhs' ud fjk
iqiq wd;au Ndjhla ,enQ g Tn jykafia imhg wjq;a fujeks Ouh
Y%jkh lsug yelso@ lreKdlr ug ta jrh fokak' wdpdHh uka tu
jrh ks' ta iu`.u wE w;=reoyka h'
wir mqo.
a ,hd ksl
a u;a iu`. wdpdh uka iudfhka ke.S ishy'
mdkaor my muK h' t<sfjkag lsgqh' uq rd;s%hu fkdksod ishy'
wir mqoa.,hd iu`. meh .Kkla l:d l< nj kqKs'
je l,la hkag m%:u fuu wir mqoa.,hd kej; fmkS ishdh'
ka wEg Yrhla we;' wE b;du;a ,laIK foj`.kls' tfy;a wdpdh
uka flfrys we;s f.!rjh ksid wka foj`.kka fuka iajKdNrKfhka
ieriS ke;'
zzTn jykafiaf.a Oudkqidikdj wid is uf.a isf;a mej;s l"
h" iel my .sfhah' uf.a is; ikaiqka h' uu tu wd;aufhka pq;
116
;dj;sxY fof,dj bmfk' fuu foaj f,dalh is; lh mskd hk b;du;a

iqkaor ;ekls' ta ish iem uu ' f iem ,enqfKa Tn jykafia iu`.
ukqIHhka jYfhka iir l< wkka; msx fnf,ks' f iem k kuq;a
ta ish,a, ,enqfKa Tn jykafia ud ukqIH wd;aufha msx lsug Wkka
l< neks' ud yqol,dj isfha k f jeks wdYapHhu;a msx lsug
fkdoks'
f msx M, mdl jYfhka fndfyda iem we;s fo f,dj Wm; ,'
uf.a is; i;=gg m;a we;' fmr ;snQ ffjr fl%dO
a lsij
s la ke;' ug f;are
.sfha wm ixidl ;h .; lrK g ;udf.a lsgq [d;Ska" ;ukaf.
a /lshd" ;ukaf.a wdydrdh mjd fl;r iqmlaIdldj myrKh l<
hq;= njh' ia;S%" mqreIhka ;u ;h fl;r iqyoj l=i,;djfhka .;
l< hq;=o fYaIfhkau iajd" NdHhd inkaOh b;du iqyo fkdjQfjd;a
uy;a llg mefKhs' ulaksido ;u iem la ksrka;rfhkau fnod yod
f.k j;a h hq;=h' ;u yqiau jqjo Y% f'
hful=g fyd| |la fyda iefhla ,enqfKd;a ;u ; m%Yak
fyd|dldr i|d.; yelsf' mjq,a ;h muKla fkdj wdOHd;al
.=K j.dj o hqKq l< yelsh' tg ;h wkaOldr fkdf' W.;al"
yeis" , uqo,a wdhg jvd .=Kj;alu" is,aj;alu" b;du jgfkah'
tlsfkldf.a .=Kj;alu ksid ksia f,dalh foaj f,dalhla fuka i;=g
f.k foa' iEu fokdu i;=ka ikaf;daIfhka tlsfkld iu`. iyfhda.fhka
; .; lr;s' isf;a we;s m%fndaOh ksid ndysr lror n,mdkafka ke;'
mjqf,a iEu idudlfhlau tu wdoYh u; mj;S' ;udg leu;s fha
w;a;fkdau;sl wd;aud:ld ; .; fkdlr;s' iu.s imkakj ish
.egj,g i fidh;s' tlu fha lu lr;s' idufhka ,o fohska
i;=gg m;afj;s' hy ;%hska fuka fjfi;s' tneka hful=f.a | fyda
mqreIhd ksid ;ud foaj f,dalhla fyda wmdhla uj;s' f {d;S;ajh ;
ld,hla mj;sk neka b;du jeo.;a f'
; .Kkdjla Tn iu`. ixidrfha ie ieu fya;=fjka Tn
jykafiaf.a u`. fmkau ,nd ud .=Kj;a ' Tn ks;ru udj y mdrg
fhduq lf<ah' ud i;r wmdfhka uqojd .;af;a Tn jykafiah' jer foa
fkdlf<' kskaod" wm%ixidjg fkdmeuqfK' Tn jykafiaf.a .=K uysuh
fuf;lehs m%ldY l< fkdyelsh' f wjia:df is jQ jrog iud jqj
uek' wm fofokd w;r ;ju;a tu iqyo;djh we;'
117
wdpdh uka fuu foaj;dhkaf.a wdhdpkh ms<sf.k iudj Ks'

bkamiq Ou l:djla lrka ;u ;h id:l lrf.k wfOHd;al
jOkh is lsu msKsi Wmfoia ks' wjidkfha f fo j Wkajykafiag kuialdr lr ;u f.!rj Nla;sh mqolr l rla miq mi .uka lr
wyfia md f.dia w;=reoyka jQjdh' wE wirj iska l< fpdaokd mqu
iy.;h' tajd fuys we;=<;a fkdlf<' tu idlPdf wvx.= ish lreKq
ta wdldrfhka fuys i|yka lsug fkdyels u .ek lK.dgqfj' iudj
wh' f ia;r .ek uu iEySulg m;a fkdfj' tfy;a fuu pu;aldr
isoah Tnf.a ;shqKq wjOdkhg fhduq lsug we;=<;a lf<'
w.h l< fkdyels W;= ie<lSula

wdpdh uka uql;
a h
s ,nd l klg miq b;du;a ia; foa ish'
rd;S% ld,fha iud iqjfhka .; lrk g iud inqjre ;u Y%djl jre
;u Y%djl ix>hd iu`. jehy' ;uka jykafia uqla;s {dk oYkh
,nd ksjka mila lsu .ek iqNdisxikh meje;a jQ fial' tla /hla tla
nqjrhka jykafia kula oi oyila ry;a Y%djl msi iu`. fmfka' B<`.
rd;s%h fjk;a nqjrfhls' ishla oyila Y%djl ix>hd msjrd is;s' iEu
rd;s%hlu fjk;a nqjre meKshy' Yd, Y%djl ix>hd iu`. yeu gu
f nqka jykafia,d wdpdh ukag m%idoh m< l<y' ie<ls,s lajQy'
Y%djl msi ta ta nqjrekaf.a mdr;d wkqj wvq je h' ta ishu Y%djl
msi fkdfj;s' idudkH ixLHdjla muKs' iuyr Y%djlhska b;d ,dnd,
idufKarhka fj;s' wdpdh uka f ms<n
s | uiq l<y' ta iefjdu ry;=ka
jykafia,d fj;s' tneka .=K kqjKska iudk fj;s'
f nqrcdKka jykafia,d wdpdh ukag fufia jod<y' zzuu ;:
d.;hka fj' Tn iika k nj uu oks' ixidrh kue;s Nhdkl
nkaOkd.drfhka fkys' uu fuys meKsfha uf.a m%idoh m< lsugh'
f nkaOkd.drh w;s Yd,h' lsis m%ydrhlska lvd ug fkdyels
n,fldgqjls' tys ;=< ;ud ji`.hg m;a lrjk wdYd we;s lrjk fm<U
j,ska .yKh' tys isr jq wh tysu odil lr;s' bka ula ke;' wkka;
i;aj m%cdj bka .e,ug isf;kafkaj;a ke;' ;u ys;g lhg we;s wm%udK
lg ms<sh fidh;s' tfy;a .e,ula fkdfidh;s' fnfy;a T!IO fkd.
kakd frda.Ska fuks' fl;r fnfy;a T!IO we;;a th fkd.kafka k
frda.h iqj fkdf'
nq oyu fnfy;a T!IO fuks' iir jik i;a;ajhd flf<ia kue;s
Nhdkl" la;" msvd iys; frda.hlska ks;r fmf<a' fuu frda. iqj l<
118
yelafla Ouh keue;s T!IOfhka muKs' f frda.h iqj fkdjqjfyd;a

wkka; iir ue ue Wmka wkka; la mSvd ;s' Ouh keu;s T!IO
yeu ;eku uq Yajfha me;s we;' tfy;a th ksis wdldr mdkh lr
frda.h iqj lsug yels nj fkdo;a wh iqjh fkd,n;s'
Ouh iajNdjfhkau mj;S' iir i;aa;ajfhda tys lrlefj;s' frdaoh
lrlefjkakdla fuka Wmam;a;s" urK la ;s' fuu wkka; iika f.dv
ula ke;' Wo Wmldr lsug fkdyelsh' ta ;ukau th l< hq;= neks'
Oufha iarj t,anf.k uy;a wdhdifhka ta wkqj ms<m
s eh hq;h
= ' fl;r
nqjre f,dj my< jqj;a fl;r Ouh f,dj my< jqj;a" ta kshu l<
T!IOh mdkh lrkafka k muKla frda.h ixisf|a'
ishu nqjre foaYkd lrkafka f tlu Ouhhs' ish m re
lsu;a l=i,a /ia lsu;ah' g jvd jemqr Ouhla ke;' ;u isf;a we;s
b;d oreKq flf<ia jqj;a f Oufha n,fhka re flf' nq oyf re
l< fkdyels flf<ia ke;' tfy;a Ouh ms<smeu ksis wdldr fkdf k
flf<ia j,ska mrdch f' tg Oufha n,hla ke;ehs is;;s' Oufha
n,hla we;af;a ksis wdldr ms<smefuysh'
Oufha Yla;sh hgm;a lr flf<ia idudkHfhka mek k.S' flf<ia
nyq, mqoa.,hka ;=< tneka Ouhla ke;' Ouh ms<smeug tjeks wh
ue,sfj;s' th b;d Ialr hehs is;;s' ld,h kdia;s lsula hehs is;;s' ta
ld,h ;=< mial iqj ug leu;s fj;s' bka ;ud fl;r fjfyig m;a
jqj;a l ke;' kqjK we;s ksid tfia flf<ia j,g ji`. h hq;= ke;'
th bnd w;mh yl=,d lgqj ;=< ie`. j;=r r;ajk;=re iskakdla fuks'
lgqj ;=< isg taldka;fhkau urKhg m;af' f,dalh hkq W;=rd mefik
flf<ia ms l,afoaruls' flf<ia .skafkka r;a mj;S' ish i;a;ajfhda
yeu ;eku yeuodu ksula ke;s la mSvd j,ska la ;s' ie`. isug
wdrlaIs; ;ekla ke;' ;u ika;dkfha fjk flf<ia .skak ;udu lg
m;a lrhs'
Tn i;Hfhkau ;:d.;hka jykafia gqfh' i;H ;:d.;hka
jykafia hkq ljfrlao @ i;H ;:d.;hka jykafia hkq Tn wjfndaO
lr.;a ;a; mdY=oahhs' Yrhla ujd oka fmkS hkafka iuq;s i;Hhls'
idfmalaI i;Hhls' fuh i;H ;:d.;hka fkd' i;H ry;ka jykafia
fkdf' th wmf.a iuq;s oYkhls'
zzug i;H nqrcdKka jykafia .ek lsisu ielhla ke;' ug
119
fkdf;frkafka wkqmdfYaI msksfuka lsisu fYaIhla ke;sj ksjkg

meKs nqrcdKka jykafia,d fufia iuq;s jYfhka fmkS iskafka flfiao hkak ms<sn|jhs'ZZ nqrcdKka jykafia f isu meye,s lr ka
fial'
zzh nqka jykafia flfkla fyda ry;=ka jykafia flfkla wkqmdfYaI mksjdKfhka ksjka gq g tu ry;=kj
a ykafiag iuq;s mqo.
a ,fhla
yuqug wjYH jQ g iuq;s Yrhla ksudKh lr fmkS is;s' tfy;a
wkqmdfYaIfhka msksjka mE ish wdHhka jykafia,dg tjeks Yrhla
fkdue;sj inkaO;d meje;ah yelsh' Wkajykafia,dg iuq;s Yrhla
wjYH ke;' iuq;s rEmh wjYH jkafka iuq;s i;Hfhka isug wjYH
jQ gh'
ish nqjre w;S;" wkd.; iso
a ka olskf
a ka zzks;sZZ ;=<k
s 's f ks;s
h isoahla ksrdjrKh lrhs' Wod( h nq flfkl=g ;uka jykafiag
m%:u iQ nqjrhska ms<sn| k .eksug tu nqka jykafiaf.a ks;a;
wdjckh lr;s' tg ta nqrcdKka jykafia ms<sn| mqj;a j;a jQ wjh"
wd ia;r olS' ;uka jykafiag wjYH f iuq;s fkdjk f,daflda;a;r
;;a;ajhla lsug k ks;a; wjYH fkdf' uqla;sh fyj;a ksjk bf
wruqKq f' f ksid w;S; nqjrekaf.a iuq;s i;H wkqj lreKq k
.ekSug iuq;s lhla ksudKh l< hq;=h's ud iy ish ry;=ka jykafia,d
;u iuq;s lhska meK oYkh ug wjYH jkafka Tn jykafia jeks
whg nqoaOd W;=ukaf.a iajrEmh flfiao hkak k .eksughs' tfia l
fkdisfhd;a Tng tu ix{dj ,nd .; fkdyelsh'
mdY=oaO uqla;sh tk h uqla;sh ,;a is;a folla inkaO jk
g tys we;af;a zzkSuZZ muKs th lsis wdldrhlska ia;r l< fkdyelsh'
tneka uqla;sfha iajNdjh ia;r lsug h iuq;s i;Hhla f.k yer
mdkafkuq' zzuql;
a s hkq lsiu
s ks;a;la ke;s wdf,dalhls' th mru i;=glsZZ
kuq;a f wdldr ia;r fndfyda iq,Nh' tajd iuq;s ksoYk f' tys
i;H iajNdjh ksis wdldrhlska jdfpdaoa .; l< fkdyel' uqla;sh hkq
iuq;sfhys msysgd .; yels ix{djla fkdf' tfy;a ry;ka jykafia
uqla;sh iuq;sfhka yd mrud:fhka okS' uqla;sh wixL; Ouhla
yeh;a uql;
a h
s iuq;s WodyrKhla yehg;a meye,s f' Tn jykafia
f m%Yakh weiqf Tf iel re lsugo ke;fyd;a idlPd lsugo
@
120
zziuq;s nqrcdKka jykafia,d .ek ug lsiu

s ielhla ke;' wfya;=
wm%;Hl o ug f;af' ug wjYH jkafka iuq;s jYfhka f.!rj lah
hq;= wdldrhhs' Tn jykafia iy Y%djl ix>hd jykafia,d fkdjeh;a
i;H nqoaO" Ou" ix> hk f,daflda;a;r i;Hh .ek ug jegfya' hfula
Ouh olSo fya nqka olS' tys w:h k nqoO
a " Ou" ix> hkq w;smdY=oO
a
mrud: Ouhls' th iuq;s i;Hhla fkdf' f r;k;%hhs' zz;:d.;
jQ uu Tnf.ka f m%ldYkh weiqf Tn ;=< iel we;s ksid fkdj" Tn
iu`. i;=gq id l:djgh'
nqrcdKka jykafia iu`. Y%djl ix>hd fmkS is wjia:dj, l:
d lf<a nqmshdKka jykafia muKs Y%djl ix>hd lsisjla l:d fkdl<y'
b;du;a ikaiqkaj yska uy;a f.!rjdka;j ish,a, wid ishy' b;d
l=vd idufKarjrekag mjd tu m%nqoaO .;s mej;= we;' Wkajykafia,dg
kuialdr lsug jvd wdor Nla;sh msug isf;a' Wkajykafia,d b;d ,d
nd, fha ishy' iuyrg wjqre 10-12 w;r fj;s' tu ,laIK iajrEmh
ukialdka;h'
idudkH flfkla gfyd;a b;du;a ,laIK ishque,s ldka;su;a weia
we;s orejka fia fmfka' Wkajykafia,d ry;ka jykafia,d nj fkdk
fi,a, lsug fm<fU;s' tys we;s fkdyslauqk Ndjh fkdf;af' wdpdh
uka f ia;rh lrK g ug is;=fKa we;af;kau ta fmd idufKarjrhka jykafia iu`. fi,a, lsugh' tys we;s Nhdkl m%;sM, .ek
fkdis;=fj' tfy;a miqj iudj wh hehs is;=fj'
Wkajykafia,d b;d nd,fha is idufKarjre jqjo" yeisu .re
.dNSrh' yeg jhia f;rjre fuks' b;d ikaik
q a bh mj;ajkafka wksl;
= a
uy ry;ka jykafia,d fuks' fldka lshf;d;a nqrcdKka jykafia iu`.
meK ishu Y%djl msi bh mej;a jQfha wiS; f.!rjdka; kuialdr ,eug iqiq f,ih' ta oYkh weig rikls' b;du;a ,laIKg
kud ms<sfj,g ;ekam;a l< isjqre jeksh'
nqoaO ld,fha ilauka Ndjkdj iy mhH_xl Ndjkdj isl< wkaou
k .ekSug wdpdh uka ;=< ljo;a l=;=y,hla h' ;jo uyf;rjre
iy kjlhka wdpdr meje;a jQ wdldrho .egjls' Ndjkd lrk g
;u ;=ka isjqr h hq;=o @ fujeks m%Yak u;la jQ g ta fudfydf;a nq
flfkla fyda ry;a Y%djlfhla iudfha fmkS is' ta bh meje;a jQ
wdldr wkqlrKh lr;s' Ouhg ksis f.!rjfhka ilauka Ndjkd lrkafka
121
flfiaoehs is;=Ks' tg nq flfkla fyda Y%djl ry;=ka jykafia kula

fmkS isg ilauka lr;s' w; mh b;du;a ;ekam;a f,i yiqrejk wkaou
ishq f,i ia;r lr;s' iuyr g Wmfoia fo;s' iuyrg wdoYh
fohs' iud Ndjkdjg iqiq mhH_xlh fmkakq lr;s' b;du fyd| Ydj
n,d ysu iy bh meje;au ia;r lr;s'
jeuy,a NsCIQka iy kjl NsCIQka tlsfkldg wdpdr lrk wkaou
.ek f;dr;=re iauh cklh' nqoaO ld,Sk NsCIQka wdpdr meje;a jq wkaou
flfiahs is;+y' wdpdh uka fufia is;+ iefklska nqrcdKka jykafia iy
Y%djl NsCIq msi fmkqKs' iuyr NsCIQka b;d ,dnd,h' iuyre jhia.;h'
ysifla iqh' ish fokdu tljr fkdmeKshy' biair fj,d je NsCIQka
bfhka wiqka .ks;s' miqj meKs wh msgqmiska is;s' wka;sug meKs
b;d jhia.; NsCIqj wka;u
s wiqk .;s' idufKar NsCIQka mjd l,ska jefha
k b wiqka .;s' lsisfjla ;=< fuu ms<sfj, .ek l=;=y,hla ke;'
wdpdh uka f ms<n
s | iel my< lf<ah' nqoO
a ld,Sk NsCIQka jeys
NsCIQkag wdpdr meje;a jQfha keoao @ fufia wka whg ie<ls,s fkdl< g
Ydik kh rlskafka flfiao @ f m%ldYkhg ms<s;=r ;u isf;au we;sh'
f oYkh jQfha iuq;s ix>hd fkdj mrud: ix>hd fj;s' ta ishu
fokd wy;ajfhka iudk fj;s' Wia my;a je uy ms<sfj,la ke;' ta
ishu NsCIQka msis lka iudkh
tg ;j;a m%Yakhla mek ke.=Ks' iuq;s jYfhka ix>hd yeisfrkafka flfiao @ f is; we;s jQ flfkys ;u bfha fmks is oYkh
fjkia h' ka nqrcdKka jykafia uq,a wiqfka jev ishy' f:ar NsCIQka bmih' idufKar NsCIQka miqmih' th b;d pu;aldr oYkhls'
wNsudkj;a jkaokSh mQckSh ;;a;j
a hls' fuys woyi wdpdh ukag meye,s
h' iuq;s f,dalfha f im%odhdkql+,j is;s' ry;=ka jqjo meoafoka
wvq k flf<ia iys; jqjo meoafoka jeys NsCIQkag wdpdr olaj;s'
fuh iuq;s meje;auhs' nqrcdKka jykafia f ms<sn| ia;r l<y'
zz;:d.;hka jykafiaf.a Y%djl msi tlsfkldg wdor f.!rj
lah hq;=h' fu;a is; my< l< hq;=h' iefjdu tld fuka jdih lr;s'
f,dalh hy ;%l fuys ke;' Ouhg wkqj .re ire lr;s' wem
Wmia:dk lr;s' Yd, ixLHdjla uf.a Y%djl msi ish;a lsisfjla rKavq
onr fkdlr;s' ;udf.a udk" W~`.= nj fkdmd;s' f wkqj j;a fkdjk
NsCIQyq ;:d.; Y%djlfhda fkdfj;s' tjeks wh ;:d.; Y%djl fYOdka
122
muKs' fndrefjka f,dalhd rjg;s' Ou khg wkqj yeisfrk NsCIQka

muKla nqrcdKka jykafiag .re nqyquka lr;s' tu kS;s lsisfgl
W,a,x>kh fkdlr;s' ta wh fld;ek ish;a" uyK Wmimod jQ g cd;s"
l=," u," ;Fj" ke;' ;:d.; Y%djlhka fj;s' tjeks wjHdc Y%djlfhda
taldka;fhka hlsis kl l ;rKh lr;s'ZZ
fuu foaYkh wjika jQ iefKlska tu nq msi fkdfmkS .sfhdah'
wdpdh ukaf.a ish iel reh'
Ndjkd lrk g ;uka ;sjrfhka ieriS ish hq;=o @ hk m%Yakho
wdpdh uka is;=fh' ieklska ry;ka jykafia kula meuK yeu wjia:
dfu ;sjrh wjYH fkdjk nj ie< lf<ah' Wkajykafia wdoYhla
foka ;sjrh ye| fmdrjd ilauka lsu" m,,xlfhka ys| Ndjkd lsu
fmkakq l<y' tfiau ;sjrh wkjYH jk ho fmkakq l<y' NsCIqjf.a jr ms<sn| wjfndaOhla Ks' ksis mdg fmkakq l<y' isjqr Uqre
ly meyehls' bf.k hk fld,hla fuks' fldia m~q j,ska ilia flf'
,d Uqre" ;o Uqre fyda ta w;r Uqre meye .kS'
iqmCIdldj fuu isoah foi n,k g wmg ye`.S hkafka wdpdh
ukaf.a j;a ms<sfj;a l%udkql+,j ilia we;s njls' ta nqoaO ld,Sk NsCIQka
jykafia,d wkq.ukh l< mh' Wkajykafia ish iel re lr .;ay'
.;dkq.;slj fyda w;a;fkdau;slj lsisjla fkdl<y' tneka ta m%;sm;a;s
lsis wjysr" lror fkdue;sj wkq.ukh flfr;s' uq, isg w. olajd lsisu
jrola fkdue;' zzwkquf;;iq jfciq NhoiidZZ hkqfjka kshudldrfhka
ms<f
s j;a ilia lr we;' j;udk ld,fha tjeks w;s fY%I
a G
a wdpdhjrfhla
fiu w;s Ialr nj lsj hq;=h' Wkajykafiaf.a wkq.dlhska mqyqKq
we;af;a ta iqfYaI m%;sm;a;s wkqj neka weiQ ogq wh u;hg m;a lr;s'
;jo tu Y%djlhskaf.a hqKqj b;du id:l h' hfula tu m%;sm;a;sfhka
neyer jQ g wirK f' iqidk N+hla ke;s fyd,aukls' mjq,la ke;s
wkd:hskah' ta wh wdpdhjrhd w;ayer ;u leue;a; wkqj j;a
m%;sm;a;sh lv lrk wh fj;s' wNHka;rfha Wkajykafia mej;s ud,sud
hka;%hla jeks woaN+; ;a; Yla;sh ks;ru ud.h" idj olajhs' tjeks
;;a;ajhla lsisu f.da,fhl=g ,nd .kakg fkdyels h'
wdpdh uka OQ;dx. rlska hdx udhs ys W;=re m%foaYfha fndfyda

123
l,a pdldf fhkdy' iEu jdIsl jiaidk ld,hkays fjk;a fjk;a

;ekaj, iQy' jia iQ m%foaY jQfha nka fpd gtx" nx fmdx" nx laf,dhs"
nx mq *rhd" uhs f;dx ;sc" j fc wx" W;a;r;a wd m<d;ah' jia
wjidkfha hx udhs m%foaYfha wjg fndfyda ;ekaj, ieierEy' wjqre
12la muK ld,h ;=< iQ ;eka ta wdldrfhka ms<sfj,g i|yka l< fkdyel' fuu mqia;lfha i|yka jkafka wm l:djg wod< .uka .;a m%foaY
muKs' j c wx wdrdufha isk ld,h yer wka ish l,ays Wkajykafia
yqol,dj ieierEy' uyd Nhdkl l uqka" le,Ejkays fnfyka md
.ukska weoafoah' f .uka ud.fha hk g iqfYaI Ou wjfndaO h'
tfyhskau Wkajykafiaf.a jk m%jD;a;sh b;d pu;aldr f' wka Oq;dx.
NsCIqka fufia yqol,dj ieierE kuq;a thska yd;amiska fjkia jQ .ukla
Wkajykafia .shy' idudkHfhka jkfha yqol,d ie ieu b;d Ialr"
h Wmojk" la; ;;a;ajhls' mirh rCIs;h' lEu" ksod .ekSu wiajdNdlh' Nhska ;%ia; oji .;f' kuq;a wdpdHh uka yg f ish,a,
iajdNdlh' th i;=gls' ksy~;djhls' uqla;shls' ksoyils' ;u flf<ia
re lsug wjYH mirhls'
uq,a ld,fha fufia ie ierE kuq;a miqj fndfyda wkq.dlhka tl;=
jQy' wdpdh f" wdpdHh idka' wdpdh L Wkajykafia iu`. ka g
iQfjdah' h ld,hla mqyqKq jQ miq ;ksj iSug jk fm;a" ksia wdjdi
ke;s m%foaY tlsfkl b;d wE;ska msys . m%foYd ;ekaj,g hejQy'
l nEjqul fyda l uqkl iQy' . b;d l=vdh' uq .fu f.j,a 4
fyda 5la muKs' iuyr .j, f.j,a 9 - 10 we;' msKavmd; ,eug wju
jYfhka m%udKj;a f'
fuu jljdkqf tl;= jQ luia:dk NsCIQka jykafia,d b;d .re
.dNSrh' fkdmiqng Hh we;af;dah' ksNh h' ; mrjg ;nd
Ouh fidhd .shy' tneka fld wd jk i;=ka .yk m%foaYj,g .shy'
tys iem myiqljla ke;' ks;ru wjfhks' ks;ru isys nqo
a fhks' liem
fiula ke;s neka is; ikaiqkah' blauKska iudfhys msysghs'
ksia wdjdi fkdue;s fuu >k le,Ej, yqol,dj iSug wdpdh uka
fnfyka ms%h l<y' ksiqka ke;s jqjo fo" nUqka" kd. wd wukqIHhska
iu`. Wkajykafia ks;r wdY%h lr;s' tys lsis wuq;a;la ke;' foaY NdId
okakd wh foaYslhka iu`. tla weiqre lrkakdla fuks' Wkajykfia
f wh iu`. l:d nia lsug oCI ksid" Wkajykafiaf.a f l uqka j,
jdih foh nUqkag b;d jevodhS h'
124
.no f.da;s%lhskag o jevodhS h' Tjqka o ksNS;h' wjxlh"

bjis,u
s ;ah' Nla;u
s ;ah' Tjqyq Ouh wid i;=gq jQy' fl;r wdor ie,ls,s
l<;a Tjqkag fkdiEfya' ; mQcd lsug ;r leu;s f' jkjdiS f
f.%da;slhka mqrdK je f.%da;slhka fuks' wm%ikak ls,sgq" ms<sfj,la ke;s
fu,aPhka jqjo wdpdh uka Tjqka ms%h l<y' Tjqkaf.a fm!reIh" msis
nj" yeisu" ;u uq,doEkshdg olajk fma%uh" jeys f.!rjh b;d
w.h l<y' Tjqyq ;uka.a Tjqkaf.a iduQysl j.lS iy jkh .;s is;a
fyd|dldr mj;aj;s' lsisfjla l,n, lror fkdlr;s' ;%ia;jd fkdfj;s'
jeyshka l:dlrk g idjOdkj wid is;s' lSlre fj;s' iajhx u;Od
fkdfj;s' tneka Ouh lshd ug myiqf' f wh tfld" Luq" uqish"
yafudx wd f.%da;slhkah'
f msi f,aP f,i yeka jqjo fyd| is,aj;a" kh .rel wh
fj;s' k.rno hqKq YsIagdpdrfha olakg ,efnk fydr uer l jxpd"
lml" fndre lsisjla ke;' .ia fld<ka jk i;=kaf.ka .yK jQ f
m%foaYh k.rno YsIagdpdrh ;r ysiqKq fkdf' k.rfha ksia iudch
flf<ia j,ska ms we;' f,daN" fodaI" fuday rc lrhs' f ksii
a q is; kso
hk yoj; lmdfjk ysiqKq fokd" ;=jd, is lrhs' tg ksidf.a
Ydl udkisl ksfrda.s;djh kdY f' tajd iqj lsu b;d Ialrh' f
flf<ia ksid yg.;a ;=jd, we foka meijhs' tajd iqj lsug fkdyels
ksid wu;l lr;s' tfy;a hg ;=jd,hls'
fujeks flf<ia iys; zzjkhlZZ ish ia;S% idufKar - NsCIqka j;a
fj;s' wdpdh uka >k jkdka;r .; jQfha f flf<ia jkh ke;s lsugh'
;u isf;a mj;sk flf<ia f,aP" oreKq" fkdhqKq" fkdyslauqKq .;s
we;' f wNHka;r le,Ej Y=oaO lsug yqol,dj" jkpd h hq;=h' tg
wNHka;r le,Ej wNsnjd ndysr le,Ej mj;S' tg ;u ukqIH fud<h
ls%hd;aul f' ;ud iskaka fudk;r Nhxlr ixidrhlo@ tg h:d
;;a;ajh iud.; is;g f.dapr f'
Wkajykafia iu`. iQ NsCIQka jykafia,d w;sYhska ksNS;h' ;h
mrjg ;nd YsCId rls;s' ndysr mirh ch .ekSug yels jkaka tjeks
whgh' tneka ms<sfj;a /lSu" ; wdYdj w;ayer l< hq;=f' urKh
jqjo n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka ;u wruqK jQ flf<ia igk f.k h;s'
Wkajykafiaf.a Ndjkd mqre lsf l%u hxudhs ys ;rula fjkia
h' ka Bg jvd " lgql njla we;' tu Y%djl NsCIQka jykafia,d Bg
wjk; h' ks;ru ;u ika;dkfha flf<ia i;s imc[a[fhka Wrd
125
ou;s' uokh lr;s' Wkajykafiaf.a m%n, wjjdo wid i;=ka ms<s.;ay'

Wkajykafiaf.a l:d ffY,sh r jQ g Ouh b;d .eUqre iajNdjhla
.kS' tg iud mqre lrkakkaf.a iud ;j n,j;a h' miaikd lrk"
Ou ph" ifndcCOx. jvkakkaf.a m%{dj ;j hqKq h'
f jk g Wkajykafiaf.a kqu fnfyka Wiia h' ;SCIK
wjfndaOhla ;snqKs' tfukau tu NsCIQka jykafia,d b;du;a nqoau;a jyd
jegfyk iq wh h' Wkajykafia,d wy;ajh msKsi Hh jevQy' h
NsCIqjla ;u is;s,s jer u.l fufyh jqjfyd;a wdpdh uka th okS'
tfjf,au fydre w,a,;s' f fydre <`.skafka Ndjkd fhda.S NsCIQkaf.
a ;a; ika;dkfhah' i;s ryhla jQ g" wka flf<ia iys; mqoa.,hka
fuka Wkajykafia,df.a is;s,s o flf<ia j,ska .%yKh flf' flf<ia
j,g wkqj fkdfhla uk# l,ams; u;s u;dka;r j,g f.dre f' fuh
flf<ia j, iajNdjhhs'
wdpdh uka tka udhs llrfha jdih lrK ld,fha wuq;= iso
a hla
jqks' tjekakla luia:dk NsCIQka w;r is ke;' mdGl Tn ug iudj
fokq uekj' fujeks isoaka wmg jeo.;a jkafka ksia .;s iajNdjh
ykd .eksugh' fuu l:dj luia:dk NsCIQka w;r muKla mej;=kls'
wdpdh ukaf.a m%;sls%hdj ;SrKd;aul h' tys iQ tla;rd je uy ia:
r kula fuu mqj; ia;r l<y'
zztla ikaOHdjl Wkajykafia iy ;j;a NsCIqjla iakdkh msKsi <`.
my; .,a mr j,ska iEk ;gdlhlg .shy' th .f l=Uqre j,g hk
ud.fha .fuka fndfyda wE;ska msysfhah' Wkajykafia,d kdk g ;reK
ia;S%ka .Kkdjla tys wi, kshr f.a l=Uqrg .shy' tjeks foa idudkHfhka
fkdisf' wks;a NsCIqj fuu ia;S%ka gq g rd. .skakla uy;a wdhdihlg
m;ajqKs' ;uka jykafia fndfyda jer Hh rE kuq;a tu rd.h uev
.ekSug fkdyels h' wdpdh uka ;u isf;a mej;s wiykh olS hk h
n,j;ah' ;ud kskaod wmydihlg m;afhs ;j ;j;a is; CIsma; h'
tu fudfydf;a mgka jka jr is; rd.fhka yd fhka uqim;a h' fujekakla lsis lf<l is ke;' Wkajykafia wl mSvdjlg m;a h'
126
hH
hx udhs ys .; l< ld,h
tk rd;S% mqre m wdpdh uka NsCIQka jykafia,d .ek fufkys
lrK g fuu isoah gy' jYS lD; jQ wdorhlska uq,d isk nj;a
fhka ieflka ;u is;e`.s okS hehs w;sYh lkiai,a,lg m;a we;s
nj;a gqfh' NsCIqj ? t<sjk ;=re;a fkdksod fuu is;s,s j, ksu.akj
is' miqod Wfoa wdpdh uka f NsCIqjg lsisjla fkdlSfh' Tyqf.a iel
h ;j ;j;a W;aikak jk neks' Wkajykafia gq muKska NsCIqj wl
lmkfhka fj,d .sfhah' wdpdh uka b;d ikaiqkaj isky my< l<y'
lsisjla fkdokakdla fuks' msKavmd; hk f,df l:d lsug wjia:djla
,nd fufia lSy'
zzTn jykafia n,j;a wdhdihlska Ndjkd lrK neka wo k
msKavmd; fkdjeh uek' wms iefjdu f.dia f.fkk msKavmd; odkh
Tn iu`. fnodf.k Tn jykafiaf.a Ndjkd msx wkqfudaoka fjuq' wmg
,efnk wdydr Tn jykafiag;a m%udKj;a f'ZZ
fuh lSf Wkajykafia foi fkdn,dh' wdpdh uka Wkajykafia
.ek ;uka jykafiag;a jvd okS' tfia lshd ms~q msKsi jehy' tu NsCIqj
wdhdifhka ilauka lrhs' fuh fkdys;+ hg is jQ neka" ys;d u;d l<
fohla fuka fkdf' w;aykakg fnfyka wudre is;
s ,s h' f nj;a o;a
wdpdh uka h m%fhda.hlska Wmldr lsug Wkka h' NsCIqj f,i
;u is; uqojd .kakg jvhs' tneka Tyqf.a is;g mSvd fkdkay'
msKavmd; odkh /f.k wd ishu NsCIQka jykafia,d ms~qjla ne.ska
Wkajykafiaf.a md;%hg fyy' ;jo" tu NsCIqjg leu;s k ;ksj ys|
je<h yelsh' ke;fyd;a wks;a NsCIQka iu`. ys| je<h yels hehs mKsvhla heh' fuh wid tu NsCIqj blaukg wjq;a wjfYaI NsCIQka iu`.
jd je<fh' wdpdh uka fkdokakdla fia isg miqj wdor lreKdfjka jpk lSmhla l:d lr Wkajykafiaf.a n,j;a miq;e,a, wiajeiSh'
Wkajykaia wka NsCIQka iu`. je< kuq;a th jHdc fmkqula muKs' b;d
iaj,amhla je<f wks;a NsCIqkg
a wdpdrYS,j
S h' lEu rehla ke;' t;r
udkisl mSvkhl m;a we;' tk ijia hdufha Wkajykafia iu`. iakdkh msKsi .sh wks;a NsCIqj tk fuu l:d mqj; miqj wm iu`. ia;r
l< NsCIqj" ielhg m;a fuu isoah .ek uiSh' wdpdh uka wehs f
f,i tu NsCIqjg fYaIhla olajkafka @ fujekakla g fmr is ke;'
Wkajykafia tu NsCIqjf.a Ndjkd hqKj
q l iqiq f,i Wkka lr;a hehs
is;Sh' tfia is;d tu NsCIqjf.ka Ndjkd hqKqj ms<sn| uiSh' zzwdpdh
uka Tn msKavmd;h msKsi fkdhkag lSf Tn W.% f,i Ndjkdf fhfok
ksido @ lreKdlr fuh ug lshkak'ZZ
tu NsCIqj uqyqK weUq,a lr ke; iskdjlska iskdiqks' zzuf.a Ndjkdj
hqKq jkafka flfiao @ wdpdh uka uyd j, fukau fudav mqoa.,fhl=g
Wmldr lrkag Wkajykafiaf.a m%fhda.fhka wkqlmd l<d'ZZ
hy NsCIqj kej; kej;;a is jQ foa l=ulahs weiQ kuq;a ms<s;=r
fkdks' zzwdpdh uka uyd j, fudav mqoa.,fhl= f,i Tnj lafla
wehsZZhs weiSh' neu ;ek fufia lSy' zzf ms<sn| wdpdh ukag lshkag
Wjukd ke;' Wkajykafia th okS' ug jvd ud .ek Wkajykafia okS' ug
,ecd Nh we;' Wkajykafiag uQk ug fkdyelsh' Bfha wms .,a mj;
wi, ;gdlfha kdk g wuq;= fohla gqjd u;lo @
zzug u;l ke;' .eyeKq lSm fofkla hkjd k u;lhs'ZZ zzta
;uhs isoah' uu f uyd wiykhlg m;a ta fudfydf;a mgka lsisjla
lr lshd .kag ne wirK jqfkZZhs mdfmdPdrKh l<y' zztuksid
ug ms~q msKsi hdu je<elah' ud ta ldka;dj kej; .f gfyd;a ue
jefg;shs is;+y' uf.a Ndjkdj fyd| jkafka flfiao @ ta fudav j,
mqoa.,hd .ek ka f;afrkjdo @ZZ
hy NsCIqj mqufhka .,a .eiqKs' zzwehs fohfka Tn iy tu
.eyeKq w;r inkaOh l=ulao @ZZ
zzfudlj;a keye" ud ta tla .eyeKshla gq ieKska wE ms<sn| is;a
my< h' rd. .skafkka .sfhah' uf.a Ndjkd ukisldrh iqka h'
ta fjkqjg uf.a ukfia wef.a ,laIK rEmh we we;' f oYkh ksid
132
uf.a isys uq,dh' ? t<sjk ;=re;a kskaola ke;' ;ju;a fuu ldr is;
flfrys ud ;ka ne we;' fudkjd lrkaghs fkdoks' Tn jykaig
yels k ug Wmldr lrkak'ZZ
zz;ju;a tfiauo @ fjkia jqfka keoao @ZZ
zzke;ZZ NsCIqjf.a lgy~ b;d ne.Em;ah' zztfia k uu lshkak"
Tng Th is; uokh l< fkdyels k fuys / fkdiskak' ;j ;j;a
W;aikk f' fufyka msg f.dia iqiq mirhla fidhd .kak' wdpdh
uka iu`. Tng l:d l< fkdyels k uu lshkak' Wkajykafia Tng
jydu wjir foa' Wkajykafia Tf ;;a;ajh fyd|dldr f;are wrf.
k we;' Tng ,ecd f hehs is;d ;ju lsisjla fkdlSfh'
NsCIqj Bg leu;s h' ijia hdufha ;u hy NsCIqj wdpdh ukag
kq wjir ,nd .;s' tfy;a Wkajykafia nrm;, m%ldYhla l<y'
zzludkqrEmj yg.;a wdlIKhla je<elah kdyel' yuqu ksid th
blauKska ls%hd;aul ug fya;= we;s neks'ZZ ta ms<sn| lSf tmuKls'
wid is NsCIqj mjd tys w:h jgyd fkd.;ay'
ish,af,dau fuu isoah ms<sn| ksy~ jQy' tu NsCIqj wdpdh uka
iu`. lsisjla fkdlSfh' hy NsCIqj lsisjla fkdlSfh' wdpdh uka
k ishd muKs' lsisfjla jD;j f ms<sn| l:d fkdl<y'
miqk wdpdh ukaf.ka iuq.ekSug .sh g lsisjla fkdlshd wjir
Ks' tg tu NsCIqj wE; m<d;lg f.dia ;u Ndjkdj wdrN l<y'
tys h lu fodaIhla fkd k tys Wkajykafiag ;u Ndjkdj lsug
ndOdjla ke;' tfy;a wfyda luhdf.a mdlj, ye wdpdh uka l<
we`.u wkqju ish' tu ;reK ia;s%h wyfnka tu .ugu we;a
we;' kej;;a tu NsCIqjg wE yuqh' fuh b;d wiajdNdlh' llrfha
f.da;s%l ia;s%h fufia wE; .ulg hkafka ke;s neks'
wdpdh uka iy wksl=;a OQ;dx. NsCIQka h ld,hla tys .;lr
fjk;a wvhlg ixpdrh l<y' tg wikakg ,enqfKa tu NsCIqj ;u is;
uokh lr .ekSug fkdyels isjqre yer tu ,CIK hqish f.%da;sl
ia;s%h irK mdjd f.k tysu mx jQ nj;ah'
fuh k luh ksid is jQjla nj ksielh' ke;ak fuh isjkafka
flfiao @ tu NsCIqjf.a hy NsCIqj f mqj; wm iu`. lSf fufiah'
133
tu NsCIqj tu ia;s%hj lsisodl l ke;' l:d lr ke;' tfy;a gq muKska

CIKslj fuu inkaOh ish' wka NsCIQka ;u wimqf jdih lrk g
.f ksiqka iu`. lsisu inkaOhla ke;' wdpdh uka iu`. isk g
tjeks hy ;%;djhla we;s fkdf' tu NsCIqj weiska gq muKska jIS
jQ nj lSfh' tg isys l,a h' tu wdlIKh fl;ro h;a yoj;
kso .sfhah' yqiau .ekSug fkdyels h' fujeks n,j;a ldh ;a;
mSvdjlg Tyq f.dre h' ka ug fkdyelsj fjk m<d;lg hdug
;SrKh l<y' tfy;a lu Yla;sh Tyq yq nka miqmi wdfh' Tyq
Bg hg;a h'
fujeks w;alSula ke;s Tn isky fjkjd we;' kuq;a wm jeks
wh tjeks wjia:djlska fokafka flfiao @ nqoaO ld,Sk wy;a iqkaor
iuqoo NsCIqjlg fujeks isoahla jQ nj f:ar.d:df i|yka f' tfy;a
tu .Ksldjlf.ka frefKa Wkajykafia iDoa n,fhka ljqfjka msg
f.diah' idudkHfhka llrfha f.%da;s%lhka NsCIQka iu`. l=m. fkdf'
tfy;a n,j;a lufhka fokaka flfiao @ fuys i;H;djh wdpdh uka
k ishy' h Wml%uhlska NsCIqj wdrlaId lsug ;e;a l<;a lu
Yla;sh n,j;ah' tneka fuh je<elaug fkdis;+y' luh odhdo fldg
isk ksid ;u ffojh iajNdl hg i|d .ks;s' uu f l:d mqj;
we;=<;a lf<a fujeks wjia:djkag wm uqyqK mdk nj u;la lsugh'
fjkod fuka Tn uf.ka jQ jrola we;;a iudfjkq uek'
ka by; uu wdpdh uka fydre w,a,kafklehs lSfj' Wkajykafia
mr;a; cdkkfhka wka whf.a is;s,s oks;s' f ksid Wkajykafiaf.a
YsIHfhda iqmCIdldj ;u is;=,s md,kh l<y' hlsis m%n, p;hla
we;s NsCIqjla mqyqKqjg meKs g Wkajykafia Tyqf.a is;=,s l Tyq
wjk; lrhs' fjk;a ksy;udkS hg;a my;a wh fuka fkdj fujeks p;
m%;sls%hd lrkafka reoaO f,ih' kuq;a Wkajykafia fujeks wudkqIsl
n,fhka hula lS g tys je/oao ms<sf.k bka ug W;aidy lr;s'
fl;r ;ka je/oaog wjjdo l<;a ;u je/oao .ek ,ecd fkdf'
;ry fkdfj;s' WrK fkdfj;s'
wdpdHh uka b;d olaI fj;s woyia imQKfhka m< lrK
flfkls' tneka wid iskakdf.a yoj; ;=<g ld je hhs' ;uka jykafiaf.a kq iNdrh lshd fok g;a wkqkaf.a fodia olsk g;a ksNhj
tlfy<d mji;s' fpkh" idOdrKh" ksjerh" wkqkaf.a ys; iqj msKsi
mj;S' ;u YsIHhkaf.a f.!rjh kd .ks;s' Tyq tys i;H;djh ms<s.
134
ks;s' ;u ;uka ,nd .;a wudkqIsl .=K .ek Woaodu fkdfj;s'

YsIHhkaf.a wjYH;djhka wkqj Wkajykafia Wmfoia fo;s' hful=f.
a hqKqj gqg ffOHhu;a lr;s' Ndjkdj jer k th kshu ud.
hg fhduq lsug Wmfoia fo;s' fkdfhla .eg" m%Yak we;s whg ,efnk
wjjdo ;=<ska ish m%Yak ksrdlrKh f' uu okakd ;rka Wkajykafiaf.a
YsIHhka lsis fgl uqL jQfha ke;' ks;ru ,efnkafka oCI" fYaI{
iuls' Ndjkd ms<sn| Wkajykafia ksmqk;ajhla orhs' lsisfjl=g tjeks
;SrKd;aul iula h fkdyel' Ndjuh ye`.S m<lrk .S ksnkaOkhla
fuka wid iskakdf.a is; l=,au;a lrhs' jYS lrhs' tjeks jHla; l:d
ffY,shla wo f,dalfha wikakg ke;' YS,dksYxi foaYkdj ukyrh' iud
m[a[d ms<sn| foaYkd iqfYaIh' wid iskakkaf.a ;Dma;su;a Ndjh ksid
we;sjk ixisu k .Kkdjla mj;S'
;uka jykafiaf.a wjfndaOh msKsi Hh jvk g Wkajykafia
yqol,dj l uqka" >k jkdka;rj, jdih lrhs' ;u wdOHd;aufha flf<ia
ch .ekSug W.% igykl fhfo;s' ks;ru i;s m[a[dfjka is;s' ksok
ld,h yer wka yeu fjf,au m%;HfCId lr;s' Ou ph ifundcCOx.
h jvka ;u is;s,s pdr;s' ;u flf<ia iu`. we;a;a l:djls' fonils'
flf<ia j,g m%;s m%ydr t,a, lr;s' l ke;s lsf tlu f;kdj
W;afm%arlhla h' iud ixl,amkd h' tajd ysia m%,dm fkdfj;s' flf<ia
yg .kafka fkdfhla /j,s iys;jh' ;udf.a Wo Wmldrlhka f,i;a"
;udf.a " udk wkqyi f,i;a iajdNdl f,i;a fmkS is;s' flf<iaj,
.uka ud.h miqmi hka Wkajykafia .%yKh lr;s' fufia flf<ia yg
.ekSug bv ke;' jyd ykd .kska uev mj;aj;s' ch.%yKh f;la
igk f.k hhs' i;s" m[a[d" Y%oO
a d" h" Wmu jYfhka je we;' yeu
ch.%yKfhkau fuu l=i,;d jOkh h' wka;sf wNHka;r f,dalh
foord .sfhah' ud. m%{dfjka woHdj k rcq kdY h'
f wdldrfhka wjidk ch.%yKh w;am;a h' ilauka Ndjkdf
iy mhxl Ndjkdf ksula ke;' ? oj,a ;siafia i;s m[a[dfjka
Ndjkdf fhfo;s' bka wk;=rej ;u zzhqfoOdmlrKZZ j,g wjYH;djhla
fkdue;' i;s" m[a[d idudkH ;h f.k hdug muKla mj;S' iuyr
g Oufha .eUqr lSug Wmfhda.S lrhs' wjYH fkdjq g ke;s hhs'
l,ska i;s" m[a[d yeu fudfydf;au flf<ia hgm;a lsug wjYH h'
ka ta ish,a, ksrdhdij ls%hdld f' ue, " uelS hhs' wkjYH neks'
Wkajykafiaf.a ;h ir,h" myiqh" wjHdch" ,dul" myiqfjka /jh
135
yels w{dkfhla fuka f,dalhdg iaf' i;s" m[a[dj, ls%hdld;ajh

ke;' b;s we;af;a wld,sl iudhls' lsis hlska fjka fkdfjk
neka isf;a iajNdjh hgm;a l, ksYap, iajNdjhls' ndysr n,mE lsisjlska pxp, fkdf' w;S;h" wkd.;h .ek lsisu ;elSula ke;' flf<ia
ke;su;a iu`. ish iajNdjhka wfydais f' iQkH;djh rc flf'
u,a,j fmdr Y+rhd

kjl NsCIQka jykafia,d lKavdhula mqyK
q q ug Ndr.;a g wdpdh
uka ks;ru Tjqka iu`. idlPd mj;aj;s' tg Ndjkd Wmfoia fo;s' h
NsCIqjlf.a .;s ,CIK kqiqiq k t;eku ta ms<sn| ;rjgq lr;s' ta
whf.a .;s ;uka jykafia iudfhka isk g olakg ,ef' ke;fyd;a
mr;a; cdkkfhka Tjqkaf.a is;a ols;s' tg m%fhda.ld l%uhlska th
t<sor lr;s' tjekakla fkdug j. n,d .; hq;= nj w`.j;s'
Ndjkd iud ks;s jYfhka ;u Y%djlhkaf.a p; Wkajykafiag
iaf' WodyrKhla jYfhka my; lafjk l:d mqj; bm;a lr' tla
NsCIqjla .sys ld,fha m%isoaO u,a,j fmdr Y+rhls' wdpdh ukaf.a Ndjkd
mqyqkqj .ek wid b;d Y%oaOdfjka iiqka.; wdpdh ukaf.a YsIHfhla
h' Tyqf.a nvq u,af,a fndlaiska iQrhkaf.a PdhdrEm 10la tla tla bh
j,ska ;snK
q 's nexfldla isg hdxuhs m%foaYhg meK llrfha is wdpdh
uka fidhd .;s' wdpdh uka Tyqg wjir uyK lrh'
tk rd;sf
% ha wdpdh uka ;u Y%djlhka ms<n
s | uiSula l<y' miqod
Wfoa yS,a odkhg je wjia:df kjl NsCIqj .ek l:d l<y'
zzf NsCIqj fuys meKsfha Ndjkd lsf wNs,dIfhks' th fyd|hs'
Tyqf.a yeisf lsis jrola ke;' tfy;a Bfha rd;s%fha uy ldr f,i
yeisrefKa wehs @ uu Ndjkd lrK g Tyq we;a ud bfha fmkS isfhah'
w lSmhla wE;ska isfhah' bkamiq fndlaiska Y+rhkaf.a fkdfhla fha
bh mdka r`. lajQfhah' ug fkdfmkS .sh g fijke,a, iu`. yrU
lrhs' ;dhs fndlaiska Y+rfhda ll=,a" oKysis" je,g" fud,jd ;u
reoaOldrhd u fy<hs' ta wkqj Tyq ol=Kq ll=f<ka yd j ll=f<ka ka
g myr ks' f NsCIqjf.a w;S;h l=ulao @ Tyq u,a,j fmdr Y+rfhlao
@ ta ksid Tyq ug u,a,j fmdr m%oYkhla kafkyso @
Wkajykafia fufia lshk g tu NsCIqj yd wksl=;a NsCIQka .,a
136
.eiS n,d yqkay' wdpdh uka kjl NsCIqj foig ye zzwehs Tn tfia
r`. lajqfha @ ulaksid tfia yeiqrefKao @ we;s hka; ug myr fkdka
tl'ZZ hhs mejiQy'
odk f,djg wdikak neka wdpdh uka fjk fudlj;a fkdlshd
.shy' ijia jref NsCIQkag lugyka fok g;a ta ms<sn| lsisjla fkdlSy' kuq;a rd;S% ld,fha kej;;a f r`.mEu ish' miqod whu f
ms<sn| l:d l<y'
Tn Bfha ? ud yuqug meKsfha wehs @ Bfha rd;s%fha Tn fndlaisx
r`.mEf wehs @ mek mek md myrj,a foka uq rd;s%hu .; lf<ah'
fujeks yeis Ndjkd fhda.Skag iqiq ke;' Tn fuys tkag m<uq ;snQ
wruqKq fudkjdo @ ka woyi l=ulao @ lreKdlr we;a; lshkak' ke;ak
fufyka msg hkak' miq.sh rd;S% fol ;=< jQ isoah jeks fohla ud l
ke;'
tu NsCIqj Nhska fj,ka ique,s h' la,dka; fhehs is;=Ks' wka
NsCIqjla ;uka Tyq iu`. mqoa.,slj l:d lsug wjir b,ah'
zzlreKdlr wdpdh ukag lshkak Tnf.a f isoahg fya;=j
Wkajykafiag wjYHhhs' we;a; k .ekSug Tng hlsis o~qjula ug
fkdf' wms fuys fjfik lsif
s jla ry;afj,d keye' flf<ia re lr keye'
wms jer lrkjd' kuq;a Wkajykafiaf.a wjjdo ms<sf.k jrka fokjd'
wmf.a .=refoajhka jykafia wmg mshl= yd iudkh ufjl= yd iudkh'
.=rejrfhla jYfhka jro lrK whg fodia lSug iqiqhs' .=rejrhd ;u
YsIHhd flfrys wjOdkh l< hq;=hs' ta whf.a iqN isoah msKsi m%Yak
wika fpkh lrka ta wjia:djg iqiq f,i wjjdo fokjd' ug;a
lSm gla Wkajykfia fodia lSjd' Tng lSjdg jvd ;ka fpkh l<d'
iuyreka t<jd oukjd' tfy;a ta wh lSlre ;u je/oao yod .;ag
bkag wjir fokjd' Tng lS foa .ek fydka is;kak' ug fmak hg
Tn Nh h hq;= keye' Tn isf;a h .egjla we;ak th lshkak' Tn
lsis je/oaola fkdlf<a k fyda w;aje/oaola is jqfKa k fl<skau lshd
iskak' Tng wu;l k tfia lshkak' Tnf.a iqiql wkqj ;Sk
a j ,ef'
l=ula fyda fjd" Bg wjk; jQ g m%Yakh ksrdlrKh f'ZZ
tu NsCIqj l;d lr wjidkfha wdpdh uka l:d l<y' ka Tng
lshkag we;af;a l=ulao @ lsis fya;=jla ke;sj ud Tng jro mjrkafka ke;'
kuq;a ud weia mshd.;a fudfydf;a isg Tnf.a ldr oe`.,s,a, ug iaf'
137
NsCIqjla fufia yeisfrkafka wehs @ uu mquhg m;afj' f oYkh

l=ulao@ Tn fldhs wdldr Iagfhlahs fkdoks' uf.a wudkisl nqoah
;=<ska fu;r ld,hla .;a ;SrK jerfKa ke;' tfy;a f wjia:df
jerfKa wehs @ Tn ug we;a; lshkak' Tn ksfodaIs k" uf.a wudkqIsl
n, jer k" uu jkdys kdls msiaiq NsCIqjla fj' fujeks NsCIqkaf.
a .=rejrhd ug kqiqiq fj' uu jer mdr Tjqkag olajkafkla fj'
tfiak ud msiaiqfjka fldfya kuq;a f.dia ie`. ish hq;=hs' fjeks
msiaiq foa W.kajkafka k th idmhls'
wks;a NsCIqj ;u hyjdg l:dlrk fuka wdhdpkd l<y' wka;f
s
tu u,, lS%vd l< NsCIqj .eys yeyS lD;sj hkak lSfh' zzuu u,,
lS%vlfhla fj'ZZ tmuKla lshd ksIaYo h'
wdpdh uka Tn u,, lS%vlfhlaj isho @ tfiah' kuq;a ka" Tn
NsCIqjla ka Tn u,, lS%vd lrkafka flfiao @ Tn fuys wdf u,, lS%vd
lrka uqo,a Wmhkao @ f jk g tu NsCIqj isys l,a .sfhah' lsis
W;a;rhla lshd .; fkdyels h' tg hy NsCIqj l:d lrka .sys
ld,fha Tn u,, lS%vlfhla jqjo kq;a Tn tu lS%vdj lrkafkyso @
zzud .sys ld,fha tfia l< kuq;a ka lrkafka ke;'ZZ ud uyK jQ
miq u,, lS%vd keje;ajQjd'ZZ hs lSy'
wdpdh uka Tyqf.a uki lD;s nj k fjk hula l:d lrkakg
h' ka msKavmd; hdug ld,h y' miqj wks;a NsCIqjg f ms<sn|
Tyqf.ka k .kakd f,i wK l<y' Tyqf.a Nh ksid ;uka jykafia
iu`. l:d fkdlr;s'
odkfhka miq kej;;a tu NsCIqjf.ka wks;a NsCIqj lreKq pdf,ah'
f kjl NsCIqj zziqwka l=,maZZ fndlaiska wdh;kfha b;d oCI lS%vlfhls'
.sys ;h .ek l<ls uyK h' bkamiq wdpdh uka fidhd weoafoah'
bkamiq tu hy NsCIqj fuu m%jD;a;sh wdpdh ukag ie<l<y' fuu l:
dx.h ka iudma;hehs is;=fj' kuq;a th tfia fkdh' tk rd;S% wdpdh
uka iudfhka f NsCIqj mlaId lf<ah' miqk Tyqg fufia lSy'
zzTn .sys ld,fha fndlaisx iQrhl= muKla fkdj" h fohla Tn
jika lr ;sf' Tn f ms<sn| fyd\dldr l,amkd lr n,kak' Tn .sys
ld,fha phdj muKla k fujeks foa kej; kej; fmfkkafka wehs@
f wid hy NsCIqj tu NsCIqjf.a wimqjg .sfhah' fndfyda f,d
138
idlPd lr Tyqf.a nE.fha fndlaisx iQrhkaf.a PdhdrEm 10la we;s nj

k .;s' tajd foi neg f ishu lrorh f PdhdrEm ksid hehs
is;=fh' fjd neyer lrkak' ke;ak mqiaid oukak hehs lSy' tu
NsCIqj Bg tl`. h' miqj fofokd tla tu PdhdrEm mqiaid uQy'
bkamiq f ish m%Yak ksrdlrKh h'
tu .sysl, fndlaisx iQrhd ka b;du Ydka; odka; NsCIqjls'
yeisu" m%;sm;a;s .re .dNSrh' fndfyda i;=ka iekiSfuka wdpdh
uka iu`. iQy' wdpdh uka Tyqg fYaI wdorhlska ie<ls,s oelah'
w;S;h wu;l .sfhah' ld,hlg miq ;u hy NsCIQka Wkajykafiag
iro lr;s' tu isoah ksid wdpdh ukaf.ka nekq weiQ ie u;la
lr iskdiqks' zzuu ndf.g ue,d" uf.a isys l,a fj,d fudavfhla fuka
yeisreKdZZ ;ud frd.;a ;% NsCIqjg ia;+;s lrka zzTn jykafia fkdyskag uu msiaiq jefgkjd' Tn ug ohdj wkqlmdj lajQjd' wdpdh
uka b;du;a oCIhs' uu isysl,a fjk f,df blaukg fjk fohlg
fhduq lr lsisjla fkdis hg wu;l l<d'ZZ wdpdh uka fujeks woaN+;
foa ;u Ndjkd iudfhka olS' tg tu ks;a; Tiafia ;u YsIHhskag
wjjdo wkqYdikd lr;s' Wkajykafiag mr;a; cdkkh muKla fkdj
fujeks YsIag {dk o ;snqKs'
Wkajykafiaf.a uq ; ld,fha u fkd,;a w;alS fuu hexuhs
jljdkqf gy' iuyrla Wkajykafiaf.a is; ;=< yg .;s' wks; foa
ndysr f,dalfha ish' b;du;a Yauh ckl W;af;ack iys; m%;sfO
kqjK f' yqol,d jdih lrk g ,enQ w;alSu wkka;h' tajd fuys
i|yka l< fkdyelsh' kqu yd wjfndaOh ksrka;rfhka Wkajykafiag
,enqKs' Ndjkd ld,h ;=<;a wjfYaI ffoksl ld,h ;=<;a f kqjK my<
h' th mqudldrh' woaN+;h' fuf;la l,a f is; fl;r fudayfhka
isfhao @ fujeks uyd m%{d my< ug iqiq jqjo fuf;la isfha mqu
fudayhlsks' fuu Yla;s wkka; iir mej;s wiS; n,f. f' fudydkaOldrfhka jeiS ;snqKs'
is; ksreoaO jQ g ish ls%hdldrl ksreoaO f' fuu iudfhka
ish ixisoa wfydais f' tneka is; mj;skafka Ou;djh u; muKs'
Ouh iy ;a;h tlu f' ;a; hkq Ouhhs' Ouh hkq ;a;hhs'
oa;a;j
a hla fkdf' Yrfha fyda ukfia meje;aula fkdfka' fuu iajNdjh k" udi" wjqre" l,am .Kka meje;ah yelsh wksp laL wkd;au
jeks iuq;s i;Hhka wod< ke;' fufia is; ksfrdaOhg .sh wjia:df
139
Yrh iqKq iqKq .sh;a - tk iuq;sh wfydais jqj;a is; ta ms<sn|

fkdokS' fuh b;du n,j;a iud ;;a;ajhls' fuh fufia jqjo ksfrdaO
iudm;a;sh ;djld,sl ;;a;ajhls' th ;o kskaola nh' isysk ke;s ;o
kskafoa miqfjk g hfula lsisjla fkdokS' wj jQ g Ydl udkisl
ls%hdld;ajh fka'
tkuq;a ish iud ;;a;aj" ksfrdaO iudm;a;s jqjo iuq;s i;Hhg
wh;a f' uqla;s is; fyj;a wy;a u.a. M," is;a iuq;sh blaujd h;a'
uqla;s is; iud .; jQ g iuq;shg wod< ke;' w;s mdY=oaO tu is;
Y=oa ;a;h k' tuis; iuq;s ld, wjldYhkaf.ka ksuqla;h'
tfyhska zzwld,sfldZZ fj;s' fuu Y=oa ;a;fha iajNdjh ix{d
ialkaOhg yiq fkdf' tfyhska th ia;r lsug fkdyelsh' th ksjk
f' fya;= m%;Hh fkdue;s neka f,!lsl fkdfj;s' wksp" laL" wkd;au
fkdfj;s' tu iudfhka ke.S is g iuq;s f,dalh wod< f' ^wksoiik
[a[dKh - ksoYkhla ke; - isxy, mj;l&
wdpdh uka Wmpdr iudfhka fyda ldudjpr is ; ls k a fyda
isk g jqjo fndfyda woaN+; foa .%yKh lrhs' fjkila jkafka tys
.dNSr;djh" Ih m:h iy .=Kh muKs' h fohla ;SCIKj n,kag
wjYH jQ g Wkajykafia Wmpdr iud .; f' n plaLq n fid;
,nd .ekSug Wmpdr iud wjYH f' f iudfhka wkHhkaf.a is;=
me;= ls%hdldrl k .; yelsh' m%lD;s weiska olskakdla fuks' m%lD;s
lkska wikakdla fuks'
fjia j,d.;a fld

llrfha f.%da;sl ksiaiq l fofkla yefrkak lsisfjla k.rnog
f.dia ke;' Tyq NsCIQka jykafia,d l ke;' fuu llrfha .fuka
ye;elau 1-2 ka msys jkdka;rfha wdpdh uka iy NsCIq msi jdih
lr;s' .ia hg l=vd ueisj, ,e`.= .ks;s' whu ms~q msKsi .ug .sh g
zzwehs wdf @ZZ hehs wi;s' odkh msKsi meKs nj wdpdh uka ie<l<y'
Tjqka mqufhka n,d ishy' tg msKsvmd;h hkq l=ulahs wdpdh uka
lshd kay' zzTng kE Whmq wdydrho h,s wdydrhhs weiQy' zzWhdmq
wdydr heZZhs lS g b;d iaj,am m%udKhla md;%j,g uQy' tu NsCIQka
foku l=hg meK tu n;a je<y' jHxck lsisjla ke;'
uq, isgu fuu f.%da;sl ksiaiq Y%oaOd nqoahla ke;s neka odk ud-
140
kdh fkdoks;s' NsCIQka ms<sn| iel my< lr;s' tk iji .uq,doEkshd

nnq glh kdo lr uq .u tla /ia l<y' wdpdh uka iy wks;a NsCIqj
.ek l:d lrka zzhlsis fld j.hla fjia j,df.k we;a le,Ef
is;s' l=uk f.%da;%h hs fkdoks;s' tfy;a Yajdi l< fkdyelsheZhs
lSy' zztu le,hg or msKsi fyda .eyeKq iy <uhs fkd hd hq;=hs' ms
.sfhd;a ksis fia wdhqO /f.k .sh hq;=hs' tu fld m%ydrhla t,a,
l< yelsh'ZZ hkd jYfhks'
fuu l:dj lrk fj,df wdpdh uka iudhg m;a ishy'
tneka ish,a, oks;'s wefi;s' ols;'s kuq;a ta ms<n
s | fldamhg m;a fkdjqK's
wiS; ffu;s%hla" lreKdjla" wkqlmdjla f ksiqka flf yg .;s'
Wkajykafia la jQfha f msi fujeks fndre nhla" iella ksid fndfyda
wl=i,a /ia lr iir la u .ekh' ue f.dia fld fhdaksfha Wm'
miqod WoEik ;u YsIHhdg f ish,a, kajqy'
zzBfha iji .uq,doEkshd uq .uu le|jd wms fld j.hla"
NsCIqka fuka fjia j,df.k is;s' ta wh wmf.a wvh wh;a lr .ks;s'
wm kdY lr;s'ZZ wd jYfhka lSjd wm f .u yer .sfhd;a f ksiaiq
we;af;kau Nhdkl m is lr .ks;a' Y%oaOdj ke;s neka wm flfrys
mldr woyia we;s lrf.k wl=i, lu is lr;s' f whg wkqlmdfjka wms fufyau / isuq' f m%Yakj,g uqyqK fouq' f whf.a jer
oDIah f|k ;=re wm fuys ish hq;=hs'
.uq Wkajykafia,d iel l<d muKla fkdj fo;=ka fokd lKavdh
jYfhka fkdfhla w wdhqO /f.k uqr lr;s' iuyrg Wkajykafia,d
ilauka lrkjd' wE;ska n,d is;s' wdpdh uka imhg iuyr g
mefK;s' ilauka fldka <`. fyda ueoafoa n,d is;s' weismsh fkdfy<d
mqufhka n,d is;s' kd 10-15 ilauka ueo isg jg msg n,ka mlaId
lr;s' fuu uqr lsu" mlaIdj km;d i;s .Kkla lr;s'
fuu NsCIQka jykafia,df.a iemla .ek .uq lsis ye`.Sula ke;'
lEu u ,efnkjdhs lsis i<ls,a,la ke;' j;a jkafka flfiahs
fkdis;;s' fufia j;au b;du Ialr h' ;nmq n;a muKla ,ef'
ta jqjo iuyr g fkd,ef' ,enqK m%udKh fkdiEfya' jemqr c,h
iekfia'
.,a.=yd fyda .s fy,a wd lsis wdjrkhla ke;s neka .ia hg ?
oj,a .; lsug ish' jeis ld,h b;d Ialrh' uq oji Odrdksmd;
141
jeis lvd yef,a' jeiai kej;S lla h,S .sh g jy,lg iqiq ;Kfld<
h,s fld< fidhka f.dia hka; fkdf; iskakg mshiaila ;kd
.;ay' wju jYfhka oji .; lsug muKla th iEfya' ;o jIdj uev
meje;aug fr j,ska ueiQ jg wdjrKhla we;' tys ;=< tla flfkl=g
muKla ysh yelsh' th l+vdrula jeks l+vhg ilr ;sf' fuhska hlsis wdjrKhla ,ef' ks;ru l uqkaj,ska tk iq<`. pKav udre;hls'
l+vdru le b.s,S hhs' isjqre mslr f;;a n f' oj,a ld,fha k h
ms<shula fiug yelsh' tfy;a rd;S% ld,h k lsh fkdyels ;r kdYhls' mqu wiykhls'
YS; ie~ iq<x .ia w;= .;s f.k h;s' hxlr Yoh is; lmd
lrhs' fldhs fudfydf;a urKhg m;afhs fkdokS' jeiai" iq<`." YS;,"
rd;s%h >k wr we;' le hk iqkanqka leU,s ta f w; yud hhs'
l=i.skak" msmdiho n,j;ah' W!IaK ld,ho t;r Ialrh' f ish,a,
bjiqf .f ksiqkaf.a iel h re lsugh' fndk j;=r fla;,h mqrjd
.ekSu fndfyda wE; l mduq,g hd hq;=h' f ish la uOHfha .f
ksiaiq lsisu ie<ls,a,la fkdolaj;s'
wdpdh ukaf.a Ndjkd n,h yd wjfndaOh ksid lsisu ie,Sula fyda
l<lsula ke;' jk uD.hkaf.a lE .eiSu Wkajykaia i;=g t<jhs' l=,u
a ;a
lrhs' ? ld,fha .ia hg Ndjkd lrk g <`. md; fld f.drjk Yoh
wefia' f Yd, i;a;= mquhlg fuka wdpdh uka imhg fkdmefK;a'
l,d;=rlska fldfhla wjq;a l+vdru ;=<g fydn oud bj lr f.dre
fidh;s' Wkajykafia hka; fi,jqk .i Tyq lvdf.k mek jhs' kej;
mefKkafka ke;'
iEuodu iji ksiaiq ;=ka fofkla wjq;a mr lr;s' Wkajykafia
foi n,d my;a y`ka h h foa lsh;s' wdpdHh uka lssis j.la ke;'
Tjqkaf.a is;a olS' ta nj Tjqka fkdoks;a' Tjqka l:d lrk foa wefia' n
plaLq" n fid;fhks' hfula ta whf.a l:d ny okS hkak fkdokakd
fyhska lsis wjysrhla ke;sj l:d lr;a' ta wh hlsis je/oaola fidh;s'
wdpdh uka m%;sls%hd lrkafka Tjqkag wiS; lreKdjlsks' .f je
ixLHdjla l fofkl=f.a Is; md,khg ,la we;s nj Wkajykafia
k .;ay' fuu wvfha wdpdh uka udi lSmhla iQy' ;ju;a fuu
ksiaiq Wkajykafiaf.a iq m%udo fodaIhla fyda fidhka is;s' Tjqkag
wjYH jQfha ;uka .;a jer ks.ukh lfia fyda y ks.hukla f,i
Tmamq lsugh' tfy;a Wkajykafia m<jd yeug ;e;a fkdl<y' jka
142
jr T;a;= fif fhfo;s' udi .Kkdjla Tjqka fjfyig m;a jqjo tlu
je/oaola fkdols;s'
tla iJOHdjl Wkajykafia iud iqjfhka isk g .uq tla/ia
;uka jykafia .ek idlPd mj;ajk nj kqKs' .uq,doEkshd wksl=;a
whf.ka ;ukaf.a T;a;= mlaIKj, m%;sM, weiQy' f NsCIqka jykafia,d
foku .ek lsiu
s fodaIhla fidhd .ekSug ne nj Tjqka tl fy<d kajy
Q '
Tjqkaf.a ielh ksid fndfyda krl mdl we;ehs lSjdy'
zzTn tfia lshkafka wehs @ZZ
zzwehs hk yeugu olskakg ,efnkafka Wkajykafia,d weia mshdf.
k b|f.k bkakjd fkdfi,a .ia .,a jf.a ke;ak wekjd bhg
- wdmiq Wv u jg msg n,kafka keye' f wh fld j.hla k jgmsg
n,ka l=reudk w,a,;s' tjekakla ke;' fuf;la l,a ta whf.a yeis"
jrog yiq l< fkdyelsh' tfia jrola jQfha k wmg yiqfj;s' wms fujeks
wmrdO fyd| whg lsfuka uyd m;a;shlg m;ah yel' ka lrkakg
we;af;a f wh iu`. l:dlr wruqK meye,s lr .ekSuhs'
fyd| NsCIQkag jykafia,d fidhd .kag neye' fyd| krl fof.
d,af,dau bkakjd' f NsCIQka jykafia,dg wms f.!rj lah hq;=hs' f
NsCIQka jHdc" jxl" fdayS mqoa.,hka f,i fpdaokd l< hq;= ke;' fuh
iug wms .syska m%Yak lruq' wehs Tn weia mshdf.k bkafka @ wehs Tn
biairyg wekafka wdmiq ye wefkafka @ fudkjo fidhkafka@
f /iaf Tyq h ksfhda;fhla hjd m%Yak lsug ;SrKh
.;s' miqod WoEik wdpdh uka wks;a NsCIqj wu;d zz.f ksiaiqkaf.a
f,dl= mj;khla we;' Bfha rd;s%fha /iaula meje;ajQjd wm fofokd
ms<sn|' wo Wfoa h ksfhda;hka tkjd wmf.ka uiSug ta whf.a iel
h re lsu msKsiZZ
ta wkqju tk iji .f ksfhda;hd meKsfhah' zzTn fudkjdo
fidhkafka weia mshdf.k @ ta f w; weka @ZZ
wdpdh uka ms<s;=re foka zzuf.a nqfoOd ke;sfj,d uu nqfoOd
fidhka ? oj,a weia mshdf.k ta f w; weka fidhkjd'ZZ
143
zznqfoOd hkq l=ulao @ th fidhd .ekSug wmg yelsfo @ZZ

nqfoOd hkq ;=ka f,dalfha b;du jkd ueKsl' ta ueKsl ;=<ska uq
;=ka f,dalhu olskjd' Tng mqjka k th fidhd fokag fndfydu fyd|hs'
tg wms ish fokdgu blauKska myiqfjka nqfoOd fidhd .; yels'
zzTf nqfoOd ke;sfj,d fndfyda l,ao @ZZ
kE t;r ld,hla keye' Tn Wo lrkjd k wmg blauKska
fidhd .; yels'
nqfoOd f,dl= fohlao @
f,dl=;a keye fmd;a keye' kshu m%udKh wmg iEfyk' nqfoOd fidhd.;a flfkla W;= mqoa.,fhla fjkjd' Tyqg kEu fohla
fmakjd'
foaj f,dalhhs wmdhhs olskag mqjkao @
we;af;kau T mqjks ke;ak W;= mqoa.,fhla fjkjdo @ wfma
u<.sh orejka olskag mqjkao @ wfma u<.sh | olskag mqjkso @
Tng ke fohla olskag mqjka nqfoOd ,nd .;af;d;a' th fndfyda
wdf,dalu;ao @
brE ishla odylg;a jvd wdf,dalu;a' brg neye foaj f,dal wmdh
f,dalj,g wdf,dalh fokag' kuq;a nqfoOdg mqjks yeu ;eku wdf,dalh
hjkag'
wfma .eyeKq whg yd orejkag mqjkao fuh fidhkag @
yefudagu mqjks' .eyqKq ksiaiq nd, uy ieug mqjks fuh
fidhkag Wo fokag'
f W;= nqfoOdg mqjkao wm wj;dr fyd,auka j,ska wdrlaId
lrkag @
nqfoOdg mqjka foa wkka;hs' ;=ka f,dalhgu w.%hs" fYa%Iaghs'
ldu f,dal" rEm f,dal" wrEm f,dal f ;=ka f,dalfha i;a;ajfhda nqfoOd
jkjd' mqokjd' f.!rj lrkjd' fjk lsisu flfkla nqfoOd ;r Wiia
keye' fyd,auka wj;dr fndfydau Nhhs' nqfoOdg ke, .dfj,d jkjd'
144
fyd,auka wj;dr nhhs nqfoOdj fidhk whg mjd' fidhd .kag ne jqK;a"
fidhk whg mjd nhhs' f nqoaO r;akh fudk mdgo @
th fkdfhla mdka iafk .ykjd' nqfoOd hkq iud inqrcdKka
jykafiaf.a Yla;h
s la' ,sfik m%{d ialkaOhla th jHuh fohla fkdf'
iud inqrcdKka jykafia wmg m;Hd. l< jkd ueKslla ka fndfyda ld,hla .;jqkd ka ke;s fj,d b;ska wms fidhkjd' fldfya isg jqK;a
fidhkag mqjks' wjYH jkafka ysk fyda weka is;kak' zznqfoOd"
nqfoOd" nqfoOdZZ ;u isf;ka is;kak' ;u Yrh foi is;ska n,ka fjk
fudk fohlaj;a is;kafka ke;sj nqfoOd nqfoOd nqfoOd is;kak' f jpk
.ek muKla is;kak' Tng fuh lrkag mqjks k ug jvd biafi,a,d
jqj;a fidhkag yelsf'
fl;r ld,hla yska wek fidhkag kEo @ mgka .kak g
kd 10-15 muK jrlg we;s' nqfoOd fndfyda f,d fidhkag lshkafka
keye' uq,ska mgka .kak g" Tn fjfyig m;a fiu w; yk ksid'
WfoHda.h ks;jqfkd;a fiu w;miq lrkjd' tg ljrodj;a fidhkakg
neye' f ld,h we;s" uq,a wjia:df ;j lSfjd;a Tng f;are .kag
neye' tg zznqfoOdZZ yuqfjkafk keye'
f ish,a, wid isf;a ordf.k .ehd hkag .sfhah' wdpdh uka
flfrys lsis f.!rjhla lajQfha ke;' ta f.%da;slhkaf.a mqreoaohs' ka
hkag fyd| ld,hhs is;=k g ke.sg hhs' wjir .ekSula ke;' iuq.
ekSula ke;' Tyq .ug .sh .i fndfyda .e ckhd j we;a ia;r
weiQy' zzwdpdh uka ksYap,j iska weia mshdf.k bkafka" tfya fufya
ilauka lrkafka nqfoOd k jkd ueKsl fidhd .ekSug' Wkajykafia
wms is;+ wkaoug fjia j,d.;a fldfhla fkdf'ZZ Tyq Wkajykafia l<
ish ia;r lshd kay' .efhda uq,doEkshdf.a isg l=vd orejka mjd
zznqfoOdZZ fidhkag mgka .;ay' tk weis mshd f.k zznqfoOd" nqfoOdZZ
hk jpkh Ndjkd lsuhs'
lSm klg miq uy;a wdYaphu;a isoahla ish' tla .efhl=f.a
ukfia Ouh wjfndaO h' wdpdh uka lS m Tyq ? oj,a ksrka;rfhka
zznqfoOdZZ Ndjkd l<y' tg Tyqf.a is; iud.; h' Tyqf.a i;=g" mS;
% h
s "
iqL tl`.;djh ksys ke;' bka l klg m%:u Tyq isyskhla gqfh'
wdpdh uka Tyqf.a ysia uqfka ,afjk Yd, b mkaoula ;enqfh' th
ksid ;u .;" is; wdf,dalu;a h' wjg mirh wdf,dalu;a h'
145
Tyq wdpdh uka fj; f.dia ;ud gq woaN+; isyskh .ek ;u isf;a
we;s mS%;s iqL tl`.;dj ms<sn| lSy' wdpdh uka Tyqg OHdk lsug ;j
;j;a Wmfoia ks' Tyqf.a hqKj
q b;d blauKska je .sfhah' Tyqg mr;a;
cdkkh my< h' Tyq th ;u .e NdIdfjka lshd ishy' ;ud ,enQ
;;a;ajh .ek meye,s ke;'
l klg miq Tyq wdpdh ukaf.a is; gqfh' ysjg fuka
wdpdh uka zzTn tys wl=i,a olaldZZhs weiSh' zzTn jykafiaf.a is; lsis
wruqKla fkd.kS' tys we;af;a ma;su;a wdf,dalhla muKs' Tn jykafia
jeks flfkla fuf,dj we;af;a ke;' Tn jykafia fuys wjqreoaola muK
/ ishy' wehs ug f iajNdjh uq,ska fkdlSf @ZZ uu flfia lsho @
Tn uf.ka lsisu m%Yakhla weiqf ke;' Wkajykafia ms<s;=re Ks'
Tn jykafia w.%.KHfha wdpdhjrfhla nj uu k fkdisfh'
ka wm ish fokdu okakjd Tn jykafia b;du olaI nj' wm Tn jykafiaf.ka weiQ g wehs fufia weia mshdf.k bkafka @ wehs fufia ilauka
lrkafka @ZZ Tn jykafia lSjd jkd ueKslla ke;sfj,d th fidhkjd' ta
zznqfoOdZZ k ueKsl fidhd .kak Wo lrkak lshd' th b;du ma;su;a
ys hk wdf,dalhla lSjd' we;af;kau th ;uhs Tn jykafiaf.a isf;a
we;af;a" zznqfoOdZZ ke;s jqkd lsf wmj m%fhda.fhka Ndjkd lrug
fhduq lsug tg wfma is;;a tfia wdf,dal ysjkak' Tn jykafia uyd
rfhla' kqjKe;af;la' Tn jykafiaf.a tlu wruqK wmg Ouh fnod
u' wfma isf;a zznqfoOdZZ my< lsu'
fuu ksidf.a is; ;=< Ouh my<u ms<sn| mqj; blauKska uq
.u mqrdu me;s .sfhah' ish fokdu zznqfoOdZZ Ndjkdj l<y' l=vd re
hka mjd l<y' wdpdh uka flfrys Y%oO
a dj buy;a h' Wkajykafiaf.
a b.eka .ek f.!rj l<y' lsisfjla fjiaj<d .;a fld .ek kej;
l:d fkdl<y' ka miq tu ksid wdpdh ukaf.a md;%h msKav md;fhka
miq km;d tu wdrKH fiakdikhg /f.k .sfhah' odkfhka miq Tyq
Ndjkd lugyka .;af;ah' h fkl Tyqg jev we;ak ;ukag tkag
ne nj lshd mKsvhla jhs' tu f.%da;sl ksiqka w;frka iEfyk fofkla
Ndjkdjg mqre jqKs' tfy;a ta m%:u mqoa.,hd fuka id:l fkdh'
ksid ;Dma;su;a jQ g ish fohlau ksis wdldrfhka isf' Yd,
mj;hla f' WodyrK uq,a ld,fha f ksiaiq wdpdh uka yg lsis
ie<ls,a,la fkdlajQy' Wkajykfia lEjo @ ksod .;a;do @ yqkakdo @ u<d
oehs j.la ke;' oka Y%oaodj we;s uq, b;d ,N ish foa ka je
146
jefhka .,d ths' lsisjla fkdwidu Wo Wmldr lr;a' .f ksiaiq

tl;= ilauka ujla ;ekQy' me,la b l<y' wdydr je<ug ueiaila
iEy' Wo lsug wd wh jdo l<y' wjuka l<y' m%Yak l<y' l:d
ny l<y'
zzwr ilauka uj n,kak' ;Kfld< j,a me<E j,ska jeiS we;'
tu le,Ef wekafka j,a W!frla h hq;=hs Tn tkuq;a tysu wehs'
Th uj l=ulghs weiQg ke;s jQ zznqfoOdZZ fiug hehs mji;s' Tn
weia mshdf.k bkafka wehshs weiQg - ke;s jQ nqfoOd fidhZZhs lshhs'
Tn jykafia fY%aIag wdpdhjrfhls' tfy;a ta nj fkdlshkafka wehs @
Tn wuq;= mqoa.,fhla' ta jqK;a ta .;s.=K wms wf.a lrkjd' Tn jykafia
ksod .kafka mqialdmq h<s fld< frdvq j,ska iE ueiail Tn jykafia
fuys udi oyhla muK fufia la kafka wehs @ fuh W!re fldgqjla
jf.a' fuh olsk g wmg b;d la we;s w~kak ysf;kjd' wms uyd
fudavfhda /,la' wms ish fokdu fudav jqKd' Tn jykafia f ;r jkd
mqoa.,fhla nj wms okafka keye' iuyre fpdaokd l<d fkdfhla jer u;
wkqj' ish fokdu ta ksid fmd<Ujd .;a;d' wms iel l<d' wms%h l<d'
kuq;a ka wmsg fyd|g Yajdihs' wms .re lrkjd' f llr f.%da;s%l
ksiaiq hfula Yajdi lrk g th Wmu jYfhka lrhs' yoj;skau
Nla;sh mqo lrhs' ta whf.a ys;j;al wiS;h' ;u ;h mrjg ;nd
m;Hd. lr;a' ;uka yojf;a ord.;a foa fjkia fkdlr;a' lska l
wdpdh uka Tjqkaf.a Ndjkdj hqKq lsug Wmfoia Ks'
Wkajykafia fuys jIhlg wl ld,hla iQy' fmnrjdfha is
B<`. wjqreoafoa wfma%,a olajd' bkmiq fjk;a ;eklg jehy' Tjqkayg
;snQ n,j;a lreKdj ksid Tjqka yer hdu Ialr h' Tyq Wkajykafiaf.a
hdu ms<sn| frdaOh m< l<y' Wkajykafia urKh f;la iskjd k uq
.uu tl;= wjux., W;aijh lrk nj lSy' ta wh ;=< wjfndaOfhka
uu m%;sM, .ek Yajdi we;' taksid yg.;a Y%oaOdj" Nla;sh jer f,i
gy' Wkajykafiaf.a .=K ykd .;a miq we;af;kau miq;e,s iudj
wheo ishy' Wkajykafia Tjqkag iudj ks' f nj miq ld,hl ;u
YsIHhkag Wkajykafia ie<l<y' taksid Tjqka Kh.e;s fkdf' ;uka
jykafia,d fokug ka ksl hd yelsh'
kuq;a Tjqkaf.ka fjka hdu f,fyis jQfha ke;' Tjqkaf.a lkak,"
,f;daks foka y~d je,mSu n,d iskag ne ;r h' Wkajykafiaf.a
.uk je<elaug uq .uu wjq;a uy y`ka ,dm ks' th le<Ej foord
147
.sfhah' uereK yd iudkj ye~Qy' ;uka jykafiaf.a wruqK meye<s

lrka Tjqka wiajeiQ kuq;a bka M,la jQfha ke;' ;u ye`.S fy<s lsu
jer nj Ouhg wkqj fmkajd ks' u`. wjqrd ishy'
;rula ikaiqka jQ g Wkajykafia msg;a ug iQodk h' tg mqu
t<jk fohla isjqKs' uq .f ksiaiq .Ekq ore fhda Wkajykafia
miqmi j wdy' jglrf.k tflla Wkajykafiaf.a mslr Wrd .;s'
tflla md;%h .;s' tflla l+vh" j;=r fla;,h wd jYfhks' wks;a wh
isjf
q t,a,S we|f.k ishy' w;sko
a weoaoy' ll=f<ka o w,a,d .;s' y~ka
je,fmka l=vd orejka fuka yeisreKy' hkag fokafka ke;ehs lSy'
lSm gla wdpdh uka bjiSfuka lreKq meye,s l<y' tg Tyq
u|la ikaiqka jQy' Wkajykafia hkag kslauqK g kej;;a ta wdldrfhkau j we;a w,a,d .;ay' fufia meh .Kkla .; h' uq le,hu
Yoh fodaxldr ks' udkisl wdnd;hka fukao flda, ikakshla fukao
Tjqkaf.a je<mSu n,d iskakg uy;a lls' fjia j,d.;a fld .ek
u;lhlaj;a ke;' we;af;a yo m;af,ka mek k.sk wdor Nla;shls' w;s
W;a;u mqreIfhl=g lrK mQcd Wmydrhls' uy ksiaiq y~d je<mqky'
l%ufhka y~ je f.dia uyd Yohlska ish,a, tlg lE .id zzhkag
tmdZZ hhs lSy' zzwfma mmqj me<S uefZZ zzbjikag neyeZZ wka;sf
tfyk blauKska .syska tkag hehs lSy'
fufia wdpdh uka kej;;a lreKq meye,s lr kay' fndfyda iel
h we;sj is wh ka wdor Nla;sfhka y~d je,fm;s' Wkajykafia uy;a
mHhdihla is lr we;' th nqoaO Y%djlhka.a iqjp .=Kh f' id
.=Kh f' nqoaO Y%djlfhda m<s.ekS fkdlr;s' wkqkag fkd .ry;s' hfula
;uka flfrys wm%ikak;djh wef;d;a Tyqg lreKdj" ffu;s%h Wmoj;s'
wkqkaf.a jer" fkdukd yeis ksid WrK fkdfj;ss' tlg tl lsula
ke;' ;u yojf;a we;s lreKd" ffu;s% .=Kh ksid wkqkaf.a flf<ia .sks
ks Y%oaOdj yg .kS' wdh ix> r;akh ksidf.a irK fj;s' fujeks
Wiia ka;khla fuf,dj fldfyaj;a ke;'
miq ld,hl wdpdh uka fuu l:d mqj; wm iu`. lS g tu
llfha f.%da;sl ksiqka .ek wkqlmd we;sh' uyd le,Ef is jQ fuu
isoaka wm ukfiys oYkh jQfha iskudjla fuks' .ehkaf.a Y%oaOdj ksid
;u ; m;Hd. lsug ieriqK's fuu uydkqNdj we;s mqo.
a ,hd flfrys
wiS; Nla;shla we;' ta whg Wjukd jQfha Wkajykafiaf.a lreKd" ffu;S%
148
fijfkys j;a ugh' tg Tjqkf

a .a ;h i;=g ikaf;daIfhka ;Dma;u
s ;a
f' tneka w;ska fyda ll=f<ka fyda w,a,d kj;ajd .kag is;y
+ ' Wkajykafia
<`. lsisjla ke;' we;af;a ;K fld<j,ska fijk l< l=vd me,am;ls' th
Wkajykafiag wiS; ;Dma;h
s la f.k ks' is;kag mjd fkdyels ;;a;j
a hla
Wod h' wks;H;djfha ,CIK wkqj iqiq ld,h t<Uqk g Wkajykafia
kslau .sfhah' Wkajykfia ;=< Tjqka flfrys wiS; ohdjla ;snqKs'
Wkajykafia fjia j<d.;a fldfhla fkdj" f,dalhdf.a msx fl;ls'
;j fndfyda wh Wkajykafiaf.a wdNdIh ,nd .ekSug we;' tneka msg
.shy'
nq oyu hkq w," w.kd ueKlls' th ,nd .ekSug wm fndfyda
msx lr we;' fl;r Wiia fujeks flfkl=g jqjo zzfjia j,d.;a fldZZ
hk woaN+; fpdaokd ,eh yelsh' fn!oaO ixl,am .ek .=K kqjK ke;s
wh fujeks w.kd ueKslla jqjo flf<i;s' fujeks wjdikdjka; wh
f,dalfha is;s' tneka ta whg ms<sirKla h hq;=h' ke;fyd;a nq oyu
Tjqka iska kdY lr ou;s' tg kid miq;e,a,g m;af'
wdpdh uka iq.; .=Kh wkq.ukh l<y' Wkajykafia >k le<Ej,
jdih lrka llrfha f.%da;s%lhkag fiajh l<y' rd;S% ld,fha fndfyda
fo nUqka" wukqIH" fma%;" kd." .re~d msia j,g lreKdfjka Ouh
myod ks' ks;ru lreKdfjka f,daldF:_ fiajfha fhky' ksiqkag" NsCIQkag" idufKar idufKa fufykska jykafia,dg lsis wjfYaIhla fkdue;sj
msysg jQy' oi .ska msi meK Wkajykafiaf.ka Ouh bf.k .;ay'
tu Ou foaYkd b;d ir<h' .eUqreh' myiqfjka wjfndaO jk whqre mqu
t<jhs' hdx udhs ys jk.; jQ ld,fha llrfha f.%da;s%lhka fnfyka
i;=gg m;ajqky' ijia hdufha ? ueh ? jk ;=re;a wukqIH fldgia
j,g fohkag Ouh foaYkd lr;s' fndfyda m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re fo;s'
fohkag b.ekau wmyiq jkafka tjeks wudkqIsl Yla;Ska fkdue;s
whg tfia l, fkdyels neks' Wkajykafia yer wka lsisfjl=g tu ldHh
is l< fkdyels h' ukqIHhkag o foiSug wksl=;a NsCIQkag mejh
yelsh' h ;rulska fyda ta wid is wh Ouhg keUqre fj;s' wdpdHh
uka fohka iu`. f idlPd ms<sn| fjfiiska Wkka h' tneka
Wkajykafiaf.a jk p;h jka g fohka" wukqIHhka iu`. is jQ
wmQj m%d;sydhH_ laf'
uE;l uu ;dhs,ka;fha iqm%isoaO miaikd luia:dk wdpdh
149
jrfhla yuq ug .sfh' Wkajykafia b;du iqyo bjis,sjka; flfkls'

ta fj,df ;u YsIHhkag Ou lreKq ia;r lrka ishy' uu o ta
yd tla' wms Oufha m%dfhda.sl mqyqKqj ms<sn| idlPd lf<uq' miqj
Wkajykafia o wdpdhka jQ wdpdh uka ms<sn| l:d lf<uq' Wkajykafia
wdpdh uka iu`. hdx udhs ys le,Ef fndfyda l,a iQy' <`.u k.rhg
hdug k 2 1$2 muK .;f' Wkajykafia tk ud iu`. mejiQ ia;
l;d mqj;a wmuKh' bka iuyrla fuu fmd;g wvx.= lsug iqiqhehs
is;' ud by; i|yka l< m iuyr mqj;a Wkajykafiag wjuka lsula
h yels neka kqiqiq f hhs is;'
fuu wdpdhjrhd mejiq m wdpdh uka b;du msis ukila
we;s flfkls' ;jo wudkqIsl n,hka ksid ;u YsIHhka ks;ru i;s
m[a[dfjka oji .; lrk nj o Wkajykafia oks;s' uu Wkajykafiag
tu f;dr;=re lshk f,i wej,s lf<' th mYau ckhdf.a Y%oO
a d nqo
a h
msKsi bjy,a jk neks' zzuf.a ish is;s,s wdpdh uka oks;s' uu fjk
l=ula lsho @ ? oj,a ;siafia ud /yeKska ne| ;snqKdla fuks' tjeks
wjOdrKhlska uu uf.a is; md,kh lf<' ud yels ;r Hfhka uf.a
is; yslu
a jQ kuq;"a fudfyd;l mudfjka h wksis is;=,a,la ys;+g" ish
fokdf.a bmsg Wkajykafia th fy<sor lr;s' uf. Ndjkd ukisldrh
ta ld,fha b;du fydka mej;=ks' l,d;=rlska jer is;s,a,la yg .;s'
f ys; fkdkj;ajdu ? oj,a ;siafia is;s,s my< lrK nj wm is;sh
hq;=hs' f yeu is;=,a,lau i;sfhka kSug yelafla ldgo @ uf.a is;s,s
ug jvd ;SCIKj Wkajykafia oks;s' iuyr g ug wu;l jQ is;s,s
Wkajykaiaf.a u;lfha we;' tg uu mquhg m;afj'ZZ
zzTng wdpdh uka lis fgl neK weoaZZhs uu weiS' l,d;=rlska
neK we;' tfy;a ks;ru uf.a is;=,s ols;s' bkamiq tu is;=,s ;=<ska
ug Ouh myod fohs' fndfyda g wka NsCIQka jykafia,d wid is' tg
ud ,ecdjg m;afj' jdikdjlg fuka wka NsCIQka jykafia,d bfhys
uf.a ku fkdlsh;s' tu is;s,s fpkh lr;s'
zzTng wdpdh uka nekafka ulaksido @ZZ
zzmq:qckZZ hk jpkfha f;areu Tn okakjdo @ tys f;areu uy .,a
lkaola fuka >k uq,djls' lsisu md,khla ke;' f is;=,s yo @ jero"
we;a;o fndreo lsisjla ;ud fkdokS' tg Wkajykafia nkshs'
zzTn tu nekSug h jQjdo @ZZ
150
wehs ke;af;a @ uf.a Yrh .efykafka keye' kuq;a uf.a is; Nhska
.efykjd' yqiau .kag;a ne fjkjd Wkajykafiag we;af;kau mr;a;
Pdkkh we;' th ug Tmamq we;' WodyrK ka g uu yqol,dj
hdug is;=fj' miqod Wfoa Wkajykafia ud g .i fyd| nekqula nkshs'
zzbls Tn hkafka ljodo @ZZ Th fldfya .sh;a f ;r fyd| keye' Tng
ud iu`. iSu jvd;a fhda.H f fufia uf.a is;=,s oks;s' zzfufya yska
Ouh weiSu jvd fyd|hs - Th ;ksj hkjdg jvdZZ fufia ud hkjdg
lsisfia;a leu;s fkdjQy' ud tfia .sfhd;a uf.a Ndjkd ukisldrh my;
niS hehs is;+y' tneka ks;ru ud r|jd .ekSug W;aidy l<y'
uu jvd;a h jQfha Wkajykafia .ek uu is;=fjd;a Wkajykafia
ud .k n,ka isk nj ug yef`.a' Wkajykafiag fjk jevla keoao @
iuyr khkays uu ksod fkd.ks' fya;=j ta fudfydf;au Wkajykafia
trKshd f.d;df.k ud bmsg is;s' uu fjk wruqKla .ek is;+ .i
Wkajykafia ud foi n,d isk nj ug yef`.a' fksid uf.a i;sh b;du
hqKq h'
YsIHhka jYfhka wms ksrka;rfhkau i;sh meje;a jQfhuq' Wkajykafia miqmi msKavmdf; hk g wfma is;a iqmCIdld h hq;=hs' ;u lh
fj; fhduq lrKjd i ndysr f,dalh foi fkdn,uq' fkdis;uq' f .ek
fkdie<ls,su;a jqjfyd;a tff,au fpkh lrKq we;' tneka is;
.ek wms wjOdrKfhka isfhuq' tfia jqjo iq m%udo fodaIhlska isysh
wka wruqKla .;a .i th fpkhg Ndckh f' th idOdrK nj wmg
jegfya' wms lsym fokd w;=frka tla wfhla fyda fufia i;syrkfhka
we;' tk iji foaYkdf wdpdh uka hlsis isoahla u; fodia
mjr;s' th wmg fkdf;f' ulaksid fufia lshoao @ foaYkfhka miq wms
tla /iaj g fya;= hqla;s fifjuq' tg tla NsCIqjla mdfmdPdrKh
lrhs' zzwe;af;kau uu fujeks ldr foa is;=fj ZZ wdpdh uka iu`.
iSu h fokakls' tneka ksrka;rfhkau i;sh meje;ajQfhuq' fuu l:
d mqj; lshk Wkajykafia uq,skau hx udhs m%foaYhg meKsg tla;rd
mkai,l kej;S ishy' tys meK mehla .; ug fmr jdykhla wjq;a
l=h bmsg keje;ah'
uu .i nefj' tys wdpd uka is;s' tys jf.dia je| f.!rj
mj;ajd tys wd ldrKh pdf<' Wkajykafia meKsfha ud tlalr f.k
hkag hehs mejiSh' Bg fmr k tys jk nj Wkjykafia oks;s' zzljqre
151
y Tn jykafiag ta nj kakqjdo @ZZ zzta .ek lula keye" uu k.;a

ksid fuys wdfj'ZZ fuh wid uu iauhg m;ajqfk' miqj Wkajykafia
iu`. jdih lrk g ug f i;Hh jvd;a ;yjqre h'
wfma is;a fkdfhla wruqKq lrd hka fkdfhla oDIa .; k
Wkajykafiaf.a Ouh wjfndaO fkdf' tfia fkd i;sfhka ta wruqK
fyd|ska .%yKh l<g Ouh b;d meyeo,sh" ir,h' wdlIKhlska
is; we tysu mj;S' f,daldiajdo r;sfhka miqjqjfyd;a tu Ouh is;
ojhs' ta NsCIqj uyd la .skaklg m;af' Ouh foaYkd lrk g ldf.
a flf,ia weiafiahs Wkajykafia fkdis;hs' Ouh flf<skau flf<ia
j,g b,lal we;'
l,d;=rlska h NsCIqjla kka wu;hs' zzwehs Tn jykafia Bfha
rd;sf
% ha ta hg Ndjkd lf<a @ th jerhs f hghs Ndjkd l< hq;f
a ;aZZ
ke;ak zzwehs Tn wo Wfoa fufia is; is;d isfha @ Th is;s,s ksid Tn
kdY fjk nj okafka keoao @ZZ kdY fjkag wlue;s k tfia is;kakg
tmd' wehs Tn nqrcdKka jykafia W.kajmq wkaoug fkdis;kafka@ Tng
l=ula fj,do @ wm fuys bkafka jer f,i is;f
S uka ls%hd lsfuka je<lSug
mqyqKqug wm fufya bkafka ;ukaf.a is;s,sj, ksu.ak flf<ia
.skafkka hdug fkdf'ZZ f i;Hh f;are .;a msi Wkajykafia
iu`. b;d i;=ka ld,h .; l<y' ta wh Wkajykafiaf.a frdaOhg ,la
jQfha ke;' tfy;a h ryis.; jer foa k Wkajykafiag .skafkka
fjkakdla fuka la fohs' tg tljru nek j' tu NsCIqj ;u jer
ms<sf.k foa k ta ms<sn| kej; l:djla ke;'ZZ
m%n, cd
llrfha f.%da;sl ksiaiq wdpdh uka ms<sn| fkdfhla f,i is;+y'
jfrl Wkajykafia <`. wj;dr fyd,auka re lrK m%n, cd we;ehs
is;+y' bkamiq Wkajykafia yuq tjeks cdjla wef;d;a ;ukag th
,nd .kag l;sld l<y'
miqod WoEik wdpdh uka f l;sldj .ek NsCIQkag ie,l<y'
Bfha rd;s%fha ud Ndjkdf fh isk g ug weiqKd f.%da;sl ksiaiq
l;sld lrkjd wm <`. fyd,auka wj;dr m,jd yeug cd we;' th
b,a,kag wo tkjd lshd lshkjd' ta wh wdfjd;a zznqfoOd" Ofuud" ixf>d
152
uka;%h fokak' th Ndjkd lrkak lshkak' fuh b;d n,j;a' fyd,auka

wj;dr f nqoaO" Ou" ix> flfrys uyd Nhla we;' tlu fyd,aukla
j;a bkafka keye' Nh j;s'
Wkajykafia mejiQ m miqod tu f.%da;sl ksiaiq wjq;a fyd,auka
m,jd yk uka;%h b,ay' wdpdh uka fuu uka;%h lshd ks' th Ndjkd
lrK wkaou o lSy' ;uka ks;ru ys;ska nqfoOd" Ofuud" ixf>d fufkys
l< hq;=hs' nqfoOd nqfoOd''' lSj;a lula keye'
fuh wid Tjqka f b;d jkd uka;% iQ;h
% la hehs ks;r Ndjkd l<y'
we;af;kau th Ndjkd lugykla h' je l,a .; ug fmr Tjqyq iud
.; jQy' Tjqka blauKska j we;a f ms<sn| kajQy' wdpdh uka tu
iQ;%h fydka Ndjkd lrK ksid ta m<df;a tlu fyd,aukla j;a ke;ehs
m%ldY l<y' f Oufha wdkqNdjfhka Tjqka ;=< fyd,aukaj,g ;snQ h
my h' we;af;kau fyd,auka reh' Ndjkd fkdlrK wh flfrys mjd
wukqIHhka hm;a jqks'
iajdNdlj b;d wjxl neka o .=Kj;a nekao f.%da;s%l ksiqkag Ouh b.ekau myiq h' wdpdh uka lshd fok m ta wh meh
.Kka Ndjkd l<y' tneka b;d fyd| m%;sM, ,oy' Tjqkaf.a yoj;
wf,dalu;a h' mr;a; cdkkh my< h' wimqf isk NsCIQkaf.
a mjd is;a oks;s'
;udf.a w;alS .ek Tjqyq ia;r l<y' NsCIQka jykafia,d
mqu jQy' ;uka jykafia,df.a is;a olss;shs hm;a jQy' fuh ienEjlahs
m%Yak l<y' f.%da;s%lfhda i;Hh m%ldY l<y' kej; kej;;a yria m%Yak
wika ia;r weiQy' yeugu tlu W;a;r fo;s' Tjqkaf.a iajdNdl
wjxl iajrfhka lsh;s' NsCIQka jykafia,d ;ukaf.a fudayh re lsug
fufia m%Yak weiQy' wka;sf f wh lshkafka ienEjlauh' Tjqka wfma
is;a oks;shs ;j ;j;a h m;a jQy'
f f.%da;s%lfhda wdpdh is;a okakd nj mejiQy' zzuf.a is;a flfiao@ wj;dr fyd,auka j,g Nho @ZZ zzTn jykafiaf.a is;a f f,!lsl
is;a fkdf' ksia isrerl ksjkls' Tn jykafiaf.a is;a w;s W;a;uhs'
lsis fohlg Nh ke;' bkamiq Tjqka ;=< fyd,auka j,g ;snQ Nh my
.sfhah' Ndjkd hqKq wh wka whg;a ;ukaf.a jegySu .ek lSy' ish
fokd ;=<u wdpdh uka .ek Y%oaOdj we;' ieuodu WoEik .f uOHia:
dkhg /ia oka ms<s.kaj;s' ishu NsCIQka jykafia,df.a md;%j, wdydr
153
oud wdpdh ukaf.ka wdYsjdo ,n;s' ish fokdu tlg idOqldr ug

Wkajykafia mqre l<y' Yo k.d fok idOqldr kdoh foaj f,dalj,
/ ms<s/ Ks' fojre wkqfudaoka fj;s' ieuodu f.%da;s%lfhda fufia
uy y`ka idOqldr kay' rd;s% ld,fha fohka iu`. l:dlrK g tu
Yoh wE; foaj f,dalj,g weiqk nj fofhda wdpdh uka yg lSy' f
Yoh wid fojre wdpdh uka f m<df;a jik njg okS'
fojre iuQy jYfhka wjq;a wdpdh uka iu`. l:d lr;a' fuu
lKavdhf kdhlfhla we;' tla tla ;rd;srf fojre we;' iuyre
N=uG fyj;a N+h wdYs%;h b;d r neyer fyda <`. md; wh fj;s'
fn!oaO fmd;a m;aj, i|yka m fndfyda jH f,dal wdldyfha we;' ta
wdliG fojre fj;s' fojre ;uka jykafia lSug tk nj Wkajykafia l<skau oks;s' rd;S% 2 g fyda 3 g tk nj o;ag l,ska kskaog f.dia
fl .ks;s' kskafoka mso kshu f,djg iudhg m;afj;s' uOHu
rd;s%fha tkafka k .gu iud.; f' fuh fowdldrhlska isf' m%:
ufhka ;o iudhlg iuje iqj ka Yr mSvd ixisj;s' kshu
f,dj meKsg iqiq iudhlska wuq;;
a ka ms<.
s ks;'s fojre ka meK
we;ehs oks;s' ;du wE; foajf,dalj,ska .uka lrK nj fyda oks;s' ta wh
ms<sf.k Wkajykafia W; f;audjlska Ouh foaYkd lr;s' by< OHdk
j,g iu jek g fohkag yuqug fkdyelsh' idudkH ksia ukig
b;d l<d;=rlska fohkag yuqf' tfy;a iud .; jQ g wukqIHhka
f,fyisfhka wruqKq f' fndfyda g Wmpdr iudfhka fuh isf'
wjqre .Kkdjlg fmr idld .,a .=ydf .; lrk ld,fha
fufia wukqIHhska iu`. weiqre lsug mqre h' ka th b;d f,fyis
fohls' ta ld,fha uyK Wmimodfjka jia 22ls' msksjka mdk g jia
60la muKs' ta jk g f ms<sn| w;soCI fYaI{;d we;sh' wms ld
yg jqjo f olaI;d we;s lr .; yelsf' ta fu;r w;s olaI fkdjQj;a
idudkHfhka f yelshdjka ,nd .; yelsh' Bg wjYH ms<sfj;a idOkh
lsfuks' fuys jeo.;alu jkqfha fndfyda wh fuh Yajdi fkdlrk neka
tjekakkaf.a iel re lsuhs' fujeks foa ke;ehs lshk f m%;sm;a;s
wkq.ukh lr ;ukagu w;alS ,nd .; hq;=f' Ouh ms<sn| kqu
ke;s whg f lreKq ta;a;= .ekSug Ialrh' yojf;a we;s .=K hkq
l=i,;djhls' iud .=Khls' f l=i,;d hqKq jq g ;ukag w;alS
,ef' f,dalfha ish fokdu fuh m%;sfCIam l<;a ;udf.a Yajdih ke;s
154
fkdf' tla tla whf.a u;su;dka;r u; i;Hh fkdmj;S' i;Hh hkq

fkdfi,a h yels iajdNdl ia:djrhls'
wdpdh uka jeu ld,hla .; lf<a hdx udhs m%foaYfhah' th
b;d Ialr r neyer l lrhls' th Ndjkdjg iqiq mirhls' ;jo
llrfha f.%da;s%l ksiqka w;r fndfyda hqKq ukia we;s mqoa.,fhda ys
h' ta wh flfrys Wkajykafiaf.a wkqlmdj we;sh' ta whg Wmfoia
u wjYH h' ke;fyd;a ;u l=i,;d ke;s kej;;a mqre m
jk.; f.%da;s%lfhda fj;s' ;jo" fndfyda fojre iu`. inkaO;d fuys
we;sjqKs'
uilg fo;=ka gla foaj yd kd. lKavdh Wkajykafia lSug
meK m%Yak wi;s' Ouh wi;s' lKavdh m%Odkshd uq,ska wjq;a foaj
.Khdf.a ia;r yd ixLHdj" oekq fohs' WodyrK" wo oi oyila"
iShla oyila foaj .Khd meK we;' kd. .Khd mkaishhls' oyils''''
wd jYfhks' Wkajykafia ilauka Ndjkd lrk g ijia hdufha o wjq;a
fkdfhla ksldhsl ldhsl foaj lKavdh tk nj yd f,dj" u;la lr;s'
iuyr g yska iud.; jQ go meK h h foa ksfokh lr;s'
tg Wkajykafia uqK .eiSug khla f,djla mjr;s' fjk;a fjk;a
ksldhslhska tlg yuq fkdfj;s' ta ta wh fjka fjkaj mefK;s' ta whf.a
udkisl ugu wkqj Ouh foaYkd lrKq ,ef' iuyre fYaI ud;Dld
Ih lreKq pdr;s' f lreKq Wkajykafiaf.a uiSug fnfyka fya;=
h' ksia" kd." .re~ wd ksldhka ish,a,gu jvd foaj ksldhsl ixLHdj
jeh' fohkaf.a is;a ykd .kSf Yla;sh we;af;a iaj,am fofkl=gh'
mr;a; cdkkh iys; jQ wudkqIsl n,hls'
fohka ks;ru lshk fohla k ksid fohka isk nj;a fohka
.ek lsisjla fkdokakd nj;ah' ludkql+,j foaj ksldhj, bmfo;s'
ksidf.a bJshkag f.dapr fkdjk ksid fkdwoy;s' tfy;a ksid fukau
fohkag is;= me;= we;' wdpdh uka jeks wudkqIsl n, we;a;ka
iskafka l,d;=rlsks' Wkajykafia ksid fukau fohka" i;=ka iy fjk;a
fndfyda yq is;s' ta wh isk nj i;Hhla f,i fndfyda fokd fkdoks;'a
wdpdh uka iu`. fojre b;du;a iqyoj weiqre lr;a' Wkajykafiag mqcd
i;aldr lr;a' Ouh Y%jKh lr;a' ;u is;a ;=< Ouh r|jd .eksug
leu;s fj;a' tg ta whf.a i;=g" mS%;sh jOkh f' foaj wd;auh jvd
iqjodhl f' f ksid w;sJsh .=K kqjK we;s wh fohkag ms%h fj;s'
msx lsf leue;a; we;'
155
wka ka fuka fojre ;u ;h ilia lr .ekSug ks;r wdpdh

uka yuqfj;s' Ouh wi;s' ta wh .ek ksiqka lsisjla fkdoks;a' f
w;sJsh yelshdj ksidg ,nd .; yelsh' fohka iu`. woyia yqjudrej
idudkH fohls' th ksiqka iu`. lrK l:d ny yd iudkh' wdpdh uka
fohka iu`. l:d lf<a idudkH fohla f,isk's Wkajykafia fldfya ish;a
fohka iu`. l:d ny lr;s' le,Eno wE; llrh fohkag ms%h f'
ksid .ejfik m%foaYj,g fohka mefKkafka ke;' tjeks m%foaYj,
iudc j.lS ke;s ksid je ld,hla fohka weiqre lr;a'
bl .udkfha l uqkaj, j;a jk hqish f.%da;slhka iu`.
wdpdh uka isk ld,fha wmQj isoahla isjqks' cuksfha isg foaj
fldGdihla tys meK zzch.%yKhZZ hkq l=ulahs weiQy' Wkajykafia
fohkaf.a is;a k iqiq Ouhla foaYkd l<y' tk zzwxlldfOk fk
fldOxZZ tk ffu;s%fhka ;ryj keiSuhs'
zzhful=g ch.%yKh wjYH k f Ou;djh wkq.ukh l<
hq;=hs' fuh ks;r foff,a ;u is;" jpk" ls%hd ;=<ska mqre l< hq;=f'
ys;d n,kak" iu.sh iudodkh hkq fufia iudj uhs' ;ryj ch.ekSug
ffu;S% lreKdj we;sh hq;=hs' f,dalfha fuu ch.%yK ;sh ke;s l,
wi;=g" l,n," lror jef' uq f,dalhu tlsfkld weK fldgd
.ks;s' ;ry ffjrfhka wfma mi ;=rka ch.; fkdyelsh' tajd wl=i,a
neka ;ukq;a wkqkq;a kefia' ;ry je ;rug f,dalh .sks cd,djla f'
i;a;ajhd jekfia'
fuu f,dalfha oHudk jk iajdNdl fohla jk ;ryj fndfyda
la fodkia we;s lrhs' wfkHdkH in|;djh ffu;s%h we;sg f,dalfha
iunr;djhla wdrlaId f' iSudka;sl oafYh jD;a;dldrj lrlef'
;ukq;a wkqkq;a f pl%hg yiqf'
wmuK m%{d uysuhlska nqrcdKka jykafia ;ryf wdkj foaYkd
lr we;' ffu;S% lreKdj tlsfkld iqyoj <`.d lrKq we;' ish fokd la
ug fkdleu;s f' ffu;s%h ;=<k
s a wdorh" wdrlaIdj ;yjqref' ffu;s%h
we;s ;dla l,a i;=g ikaf;daIh we;' th ke;s g fl;r fN!;sl iem
im;a we;;a isf;a i;=g ikaf;daIh ke;' ;ry ffj mqoa.,fhda tjeks
whu <`.d lr .ks;a' hk hk ;ek ffjrldrfhda we;'
f Ou;djh jgyd .;a miq ffjr lsu ;sika f,aP yeisula
nj wjfndaO f' tneka ffjrh uev meje;aug uykais .; hq;=h's Tng
156
fujeks wjia:djla kej; fkd,efnkjd h yelsh' tneka miq;e,s jk

ffjr ls%hd fkdlrkak' f,dalh iS>%fhka fjkia fjka mj;S' wfma is;o
lho ta wdldrfhka fjkia fjka mj;S'
f wd jYfhka wdpdh uka ch.%yKh ms<sn| cuksfhka wd
fojrekag meye,s lr kay' Wkajykafiaf.a foaYkdjidkfha ishu
fojre idOqldr meje;a jQy' th f,dal Od;=j, / ms</
s ks' Wkajykafia f wvfha jdih lrk nj k .;af;a flfiaoehs weiQ g ta wh
ksYa;j Wkajykafia jdih lrK ;ek okakd nj lSy' tmuKla fkdj
;dhs,ka;fha jdih lrk fojre ks;ru cuksfha fojre olskag h;s'
tu foaY iSud ta ;r r ke;' th Tjqkaf.a idudkH ud.hls' ksiqka
ta f w; hkafka jdyk j,sks' fojre h ;ekl is; fhduq l< g
lho tys .uka lrhs' .;jk ld,h fudfyd;ls' b;d blauKska fojre
.uka lr;a'
;dhs,ka;fha nqudgq fojre ks;r nK weiSu wdpdh uka lrd
mefK;s' tfukau cuksfha fojre o mefK;s' wdldiG yd N+uG
fojre tlfia Wkajykafiag mQcd Wmydr mj;aj;s' NsCIQka jykafia,d
,e`.= .kakd m%foaYh yryd fojre .uka fkdlr;a' ;jo uOHu rd;s%h
blau jQ g mefK;a' tg wks;a NsCIQka kskaog .sh f,djhs' wdpdh
uka bfha ;=kj
a rla ol=Kq Wrysi me;af;ka m%oCIsKd lr;a' b;du ikaik
q a
bhfjks' hkag m%:u o tfia m%oCIsKd lr;a' Bgmiq ;rula wE;g .uka
lr;a' tu wvfha iSudjg fufia .uka lr mqka frdola fuka wyfia md
h;a' ishu fojre f wdldfhka yeisfr;a'
hdx udhs llrh wdpdh ukaf.a ldh ;a; flhg iqiq h'
tneka ks;ru Ndjkdf fhky' Ouh is; ;=<g .,d tau ksid ks;r
iem myiqfjka ishy' leu;s ;dla l,a Ndjkd l< yelsh' Wkajykafia
ksfrda.sj" ksoyfia tys jdih l<y' rd;s% ld,fha tk fojre b;du msis
YsIag .;s mej;= we;s wh ksid lsisu lrorhla ke;' ijia hdufha .f
ksiqkag Ouh lshd kay' rd;S% 7g muK NsCIQka jykafia,d mefK;s'
ishu YsIH NsCIQka is;a iud lrf.k we;' m[a[dj h h ;rka
hqKq we;' u.M, i|yd Hh lrka m%;sm;a;sfha ne we;s neka
Wkajykafiag fjfyila ke;'
tla tla ugf Ndjkd hqKq jQ NsCIQkg
a Wmfoia fok g Wkajykafia uq, isg ia;r lrhs' uQ,sl iudh ,ef isg m[a[dj jOkh
lsug Wmfoia fohs' ishq rjfndaO wm%lg ksjk olajd Wmfoia fohs'
157
NsCIQka jykafia,d iudfhkau Ouh Y%jKh lrk neka ld,h .ek

ye`.Sula ke;' meh foll ld,hla ;=< foaYkd mj;aj;s' Wkajykafia,d
is; tl`. lr wik neka fyd\dldr Ouh wjfndaO f' thu Ndjkd
ukisldrhls' fjk;a m%;m
s ;a;s fukau b;d w.fkah' Wkajykafia YsIHhskg
a
f;afrk m foaYkd lr;a' wl=i,a is; neyer lsu" l=i,a is;a hqKq
lsu idlPd lr;s' jemqru ;a;dkqmiaikdj w,,d foaYkd lr;s' th
Oufha b,lalh f' m[a[dfjka is; lh ms<sn| m%;HfjCIdj" pdu"
fndcCOx. Ndjkdj lshd fo;s' fufia i;sh jef' wdpdhjrhd wjfndaOfhka foaYkd lrk neka YsIHhka ;=< lsish ielhla kQm' Ouh
iia;rd;aulj foaYkd lrk neka YsIHhka ;=< iud m[a[d je
hhs' th ksjk lrd hqKq lr;a'
Ouhg ijka u OQ;dx. NsCIQyq b;d w.h lr;s' ta i|yd oCI
.=rejrfhla wjYH f' tneka OQ;dx. NsCIyq oCI .=rejrfhla fidhd
h;s' h tjeks .=rejrfhl=g wiS; Nla;shla wjk; Ndjhla olaj;s'
ish Wmfoia ysia uqfkka ms<s.ks;a' Ouh" .NSrh" i;Hh tneka
wjxlj ms<sm;s' ks;r foff,a .=rejrhd uqK.eiS .eg ksrdlrKh
lr .ks;a' ta wkqj ;u ms<sfj;a mqr;s' OQ;dx. NsCIQyq f ksid oCI
wdpdhjrfhla jQ wdpdh uka wdpdh id fidhd t;s' f wdpdhjre
fofokdg fndfyda YsIHfhda ishy'
kuq;a wdpdh uka hdxuhs m%foaYhg ixpdrkh l< miq NsCIQka
jykafia,d w;ayer yqol,dj jdih l<y' uq, wy;ajh i|yd ms<sfj;a
msug wjYH h' miqj yqol,d ;h ms%h l<y' tkuq;a fndfyda YsIH
msila we;sh' uq, ;uka jykafiaf.a Ndjkd hqKj
q u nj m%ldY l<y'
tneka yqol,dj jk.; h' miqj fndfyda Hh ord ;uka jykafiaf.a
wruqK id:l jQ g ;uka jykafiaf.a ne lula lSf ke;'
jeuy,a ifydaorhd jQ yia;s rdchd

hduhs m%foaYfha wdpdh uka iy ;j wdpdhjre fofofkla jdih
l<y' tk wdpdh L iy wdpdh uyd f:dxila h' Wkajykafia,d
Wfka ;dys m%foaYfha iy ifldka kfLdka m%foaYfhka meKshy' uy
le,Ef .uka lrk g Yd, we;a rdcfhla uqk .eiqky' Tyq yS,E
wef;la nj jhia .; jQ ksid whs;sldrhd uqojd yeh nj;a miqj k
.;ay' we;a rdchdyg whla muK . o< we;' ne ne,aug Nhxlr
158
f' Tyq yryd hkafk flfiahs Wkajykafia,d l:d l<y' llrhg

hdug we;af;a f mdr muKs' le,Efrdo ksid we;d <`.ska hdug fkdyelsh'
wdpdh uka we;d iu`. l:d lrkakghehs wdpdhh L yg lSy' W! WK
nnq fld< lka ishs' w 20la muK wE;ska miaid me;a;g ye we;'
;ju Wkajykafia,d oel ke;' wdpdh L we;dg l:d lf<ah'
zzwe;a whsfha Tng wms l:d lrkjdZZ
uq, Tyqg th weiqfka ke;' tfy;a fld< lEu keje;ah'
zzwe;a whsfha Tng wms l:d lrkjdZZ
ffofjks jr weiS CIKhlska wdmiq ye nefh' tys ksYap,j is
lka fol wE;a lr we;'
zzf,dl= whsfha wms Tng l:d lrkjd Tn b;d Yd,hs" Yla;su;a'
wms idudkH NsCIQka jykafia,d' Tn flfrys Nhhs" wms j,hs' Tn isk
;ek miqlr hdug fka' f,dl= whshd fmdvla whska fjkjdo @ wmg hkag
bv fokak' Tn ysgf.k bkak g wms b;du Nhhs' <`.g tkak neye'ZZ
fufia lS .i we;d me;a;lg ye o< tu .=Nhg we;=,a lr
mdr kakd' wdpdh uka ka wmsg hd yelshs lSy' NsCIqka jykafia,d
foku wdpdh uka bfhka yd miq miska .uka .;ay' ;ks fma<shg
.uka l<y' we;d w 6la muK wE;ska is' Wkajykafia,d fufia .uka
lrK g miqmiska je wdpdh uyd f:x ilaf.a l=v f ljh le,E
frdfoa meg,ejqks' ulalr,dj;a th .,jd .kag fkdyelsh' l fj,djla
Wkajykafia tys iska l=vh .,jd .kag h;a; orhs' we;d Wkajykafia
foi n,d is' Wkajykafia Nhska fj,ka uq Yrfhka odh .,d
yeky' Wkajykafia we;a rdcdf.a weia fol foi ney' we;a rdcd w;s
Yd,h' weia fol ma;su;aj nenKs' ne ne,aug wysxilh' wdorh
we;sf' tfy;a ta fudfydf;au Nhska ;%ia; .sfhah' wka;sf l=vh
.,jd .;ay' h myh f w;a rcd flfrys wdorh we;sjqKs' ka ;=ka
ku we;d miqlr ksNhj is' wdpdh L we;d weu;=fh' zzf,dl= whshd
wms ka hkjd ka ks,af,a fld< lkagZZ Wkajykafia fuh lS g uyd
Yo k.ka we;d fld< w;= lvd lkag h'
miqj fuu we;arcd b;du;a iqyo nj;a ;uka jykafia,df.a ;%;j
a h
kq nj;a jegyqks' tlu foa k l:d lsug ne luhs' fufia lshka
159
isoa wdpdh ukaf.a u;h l=ulahs uiSh'

we;df.a is;a Tn jykafia gqfjyso @ uu b;du;a leu;shs' Wf.a
is;s,s fudkjdhs k .ekSug' zzuq, wms l:d l< g Tyq ye wms
;sfokdu tljr md.d ug ys;=j' kuq;a Tyq ta wjia:dj k .;a;d'
Bg miq ys; fjkia jqkd' we;a Yrhl ys ksfila fuks' ;u o< .ia
.=Nhg we;=,a lr mdr kakd'ZZ Th fmd u,a,s,dg ka hkag mqjks"
whshdf.ka ydkshla keye' whshdf.a wdhqO md lrkafka keye' Nh
fjkag tmd' fufyka hkakZZ
wdpdh uyd f:dx ila tg wdpdh Lg iro l<y' Tn jykafiaf.a jpk wid we;d fu,a, jqkd yhg ukqIHfhla jf.a' zzf,dl= whshd
wms Nhhs' wmsg hkag mdr fokak'ZZ W! ta jpkhg wjk; jqkd' i;=gq jqkd'
/jgqkd' kuq;a f u,a,s yu woCIhs' l=f g .ia.=Nfha ysrlr .;a;d
fudk hgj;a .,jd .kag neye' f,dl= whshd <`.u bkag jqkd' tfy;a
uf.a yoj; iamkaokh kj;S' uy;a fjfyilg m;ajqkd' fldhs fudfydf;a
Tijd fmdf<df .ihshs is;=kd'ZZ f wid is wdpdh uka fufia lSy'
uq, we;d Nh jqkd' ta ksid tljru yereKd' urkaghs is;=f' tfy;a ly
isjqre l meyekd' Tyq NsCIQka jykafia,d l mqrehs' uf.a whs;slre
NsCIQka jykaafia,dg wjk; ug mqre lr we;' b;ska wdpdh L f,dl=
whshd lshd l:d l<du i;=gq mdr kakd'
zzWkajykafiaf.a jpk f;areKdo @ZZ
we;af;kau T' ke;ak ,S fldgka wkag mqre lrkafka flfiao@
th fkdf;areks k Tyq wm urd oukjd' f i;a;= ksiqkaf.a NdIdj
okakjd' f we;d wjqre ishhlg jvd jhi jehs' Wf.a o< n,kak' w
yhla muK .hs' fndfyda ld,hla ksik
q a iu`. jdih lr we;' whs;l
s re
Bg jvd nd,hs' tfy;a Tyqf.ka jev .kakjd'
zzW! ye o< .=Nhg od .kakd g is;=fKa l=ulao @ZZ
zzuu l,ska lS m wmg hkag bv ug is;=jdZZ
zzwms Tyq <`.ska hk g Tn jykafia Tyqf.a is; laldo @ZZ T"
wmsg bv fok tl .ek muKhs is;=f'
zzuu tfia weiqf fkdaohgj;a wmg myr fokag is;=jdo @ZZ zzTn
jykafiag wiajdNdl uk#l,ams;hla we;' uyd f:dx fila Tn jykafia
160
leu;shs fufia m%Yak lrkag' is;kag" tfy;a fujeks fnd<| foa .ek
fkdis;d Ouh ms<sn| m%Yak lrkak tg Tn ish la ;rKh lrd'
kuq;a Tn jykafia idudkH ksiaiq jf.a ld,h kdia;s lrkjd lsis jeo.;a
fohla .ek fkdf f m%ldY lrkafka' Tn t<sjk ;=re;a f i;d .eko
is;kafka @ Ouh .ek lsis ;elSula keyeZZ
bkamiq wdpdHh uyd f:dx ila we;d .ek weiqf ke;' kej;
weiqfjd;a g;a jvd ;rjgq lrhs hk fhks'
fufia fkdukd wkaoug m%ldY lrk g wdpdh uka ;rjgq lr;s'
iuyre bkamiq isy
s l,a fj;s' fufia wkjirfhka ndOd lrk tla NsCIQjla
Wkajykafia iu`. jdih lf<ah' wdpdh uka hula lS g Wkajykafiaf.
a u;h lshdmdhs' wdpdh uka lSm gla tfia fkdlsug wjjdo l<y'
;u zzis; .ek fidaisfhka iskq uek' l:d lsu keje;ajqj uekZZ
fufia l:d lrkafka j, lula ksidh' tfy;a f NsCIqj tu wjjdoh
fkdms<s.;ay'
wdpdh ukaf.a tla mqreoaola we;' tk i;=ka" ksiqka u. yuq jQ
g Wkajykafia miqmi f.k hduh' ta ksid NsCIQka jykafia,d ms~q is`.
d hk g jvd isys kqjKska h;s' tla kla Wia y`ka Wkajykafia l;d
l<y' tla l=vd jiq mefhla Wf.a uj jgd jka fi,a, lrhs' NsCIQka
jykafia,d jk nj Tyq gqf ke;' b;du lsgq jQ g l .i u
<`.g j .sfhah' Nhska ie`. Wkajykafia,d foi nefh' t<fok o
NsCIQka jykafia,d gy' kuq;a lsis hla iella fkdh' kuq;a megjd
ujg ;=re,a hm;a is' wdpdh uka f uj iy mehd .ek l:
d lf<ah'
zzuj fkdhj is' tfy;a mehd h y~ k.d j;s' ksiaiq
fufiauhs' ;ud wdjrKh lr .ekSug ljqre fyda fidh;s' u <`. k wE
fj; j;s' mshd <`.g j;s' mjqf,a wh fyda kEoEhska <`.g h;s' l,d;=rlska
;ukau m%Yak i|d .ks;a' wms l=vd l< wkqkaf.a Wo n,dfmdfrd;a;=
fjuq' jeys wh fjk wkaof Wmldr fidh;s' uy jQ g fjk;a fha
Wmldr fidh;s' l fofkla ;udf.au Yla;sfhka iajdk fj;s' wkqkaf.
ka Wmldr fidhkafka j, ne.Em;a wh' iajdk fkdjQ wh'
NsCIQka jykafia,d jQ wm;a tfiauhs' uyK jQ miq bf.kS lghq;=
lsug ue,sfj;s' Ndjkd ms<sfj;a mqrkag ialr neka ue,sfj;s' mgka
.;a foh ksudjlg f.ks hkafka ke;' lue,sl wjqrd is;a' ;udg
161
fkdyelshehs wkqkaf.a msysg m;;s' ;ukag ;ksj j;a h fkdyelsh'

zzw;;dys w;;fkd kdf:dZZ hkak wmg w:j;a ke;' ;ud ;udf.a .e,jq
ldrhd fj;s' ;udu yqiau .; hq;=h' Oq;dx. NsCIQka wkqkaf.a Wmldr
fih hq;= ke;'
.=rejrhdf.a Wmfoia ,nd ta wkqj ;uka ke.S ish hq;=hs' .=re
Wmfoia ,sys,a fldg wu;l fkdlrkak' Wkajykafia lshk foa wid k
ta wdoYh wkqj hkak' ;udu m%;sM, ,nd .kak' tg .=rejrhdf.a
Wmldr wjYH fkdf' Tn Tnf.au kdifhka yqiau .kak' l%ufhka Tf
Y%oaOdj je hhs' Tn iajdk f' wka;sf Tn ;ksj is' .=re WmfoaY
wkjYH f'
f l:dj msKv
a md;h msKi
s hk .uka lSy' ta w;r is ta l,n,ld
NsCIqj h h foa l:d lf<ah' ta weiQ wdpdh uka wdmiq ye Tyqg fodia
lSy' wks;a NsCIQkao ;s.eiaiS ishy'
zzTng msiaiqo @ Tn msiaiq n,af,la jf.a" wiqjqk ,S lE,a,la fyda
ymd l;s' Tf is; ;=< n,kak' fudllao f msiaiqjg fya;=j' Tng msiaiq
jefghs fufia fodvjk gZZ'
wdpdh uka fjk lsisjla fkdlshd wdmiq ye wimqjg .shy' tu
NsCIqjf.a ldrhla wks;a NsCIqyq gqy' Tyq Nh isys ke;sjdla fuks'
wdydr fkd.kS' Tyq ;j;a Nh f hehs wks;a NsCIQka lsisjla fkdlsh;s' tod
rd;s% ld,fha uy y`ka hula lE .eiSh' tu NsCIqj ;u l=fha o`.,ka
isys l,aj fodvjhs' ;ud wdpdh ukag wjuka lf<a hehs mejiSh' .f
ksiaiq f nj wid meKshy' Tyqg lYdh fnfy;a fmdjd w;a md iNdykh l<y' bkamiq ksod .;ay' miqod Wfoa Wkajykafiaj ffjoHjrfhl=
fj; f.k .shy' Tyq ;rul iqjhla ,oy' tfy;a jka jr tu frda.h
u;=jqKs' ;rula iqj jQ g Tyq f.or heh' bkamiq Tyq .ek f;dr;=re
ke;'
wdpdh uka fodia olskafka tl tl ms<sfj,lgh' hka; wjjdohla
jqjo fndfyda g iEfya' tg i;s iumc[a[fhka msysgd is;s' tfy;a
;o n, f,i l:d lrkafka l,d;=rlsks' tg th iefudagu isys le|uls'
tneka NsCIQka jykafia,d b;du isys l,amkdfjka is;s' Wkajykafia
iu`. fndfyda l,a weiqre l<o lsgq inkaOl meje;ah fkdyelsh'
lsisfjla iu`. Wkajykafia yqre mqre fkdfj;s' zzmlaIdld fkdjQ uqjd
jeoaodg yiqfjhs'ZZ
162
fh!jk uoh
l,d;=rlska ;uka jykafiaf.a YsIHhka oCI f,i Ndjkd lrka
Wiia m%;sM, ,nd.;a wh f k" Wkajykafia iqyo ,S,dfjka i;=gq id
fj;a' tg t;r ;o .;s fkdmdhs' tfy;a fudfyd;lska ta .;sh
fjkia h yelsh' Wkajykafiaf.a yeisu fudfyd;ska fjkia f' iEu
mqoa.,hdg fYaI;ajhla olS' YsIHfhda Wkajykafiaf.a CIKsl m%;sls%hd
.ek iauhg m;afj;s' h isoahla ta fudfydf;au wjOdrKh lrka
blauka W;a;r imh;s'
;uka jykafia ;reK ld,fha l< foa Wkajykafia wm iu`. lSy'
th isky Wmojk w;r Wkajykafia iQr r .;s oyd olajhs uu fuys
m<lrkafka tu mqj;hs' hful=f.a ;h mj;kh jk wkaou .ek
is;Sug fuh lu ksoYkhls'
w;S;fha Wkajykafia .sys fh!jk ld,fha .f l" isx" ;r`."
jdo j,g kla iyNd.s h' f ;r`. j,g zzu,ZZ hhs lsh;s' w,a,mq
.f ;snQ Yd, fmd,lg Wkajykafia .sfhah' tys oyia .Kka ckhd
tla /ia ishy' fldj u; f.dv ke.S l" isx" ;r`.hg iyNd.
s ug tljru ;SrKh .;s' ta tla;rd oCI ks,shla iu`.h' wE l isx
;r`. j,ska ch.;a m%isoaO flfkls' lsis hla iella ke;s jQfha wd,fhka
l=,au;a jQjdo @ fkdoksuq' fldjg mek ke. tu ldka;dj iu`. ;r`.
hg meKqks' l isx lSmhla .dhkd l< miq ;reK uka merfok nj
ldg;a f;are .sfhah' jdikjdlg fuka Wkajykafiaf.a .sys l< ;%
;reK pdT Lqka Wmd,s tu ikaoYkh kerug meK fma%CIl msi
w;r isfhah' Tyq jhiska wjqre lSmhla jeuy f' ;u ;%hd mrdch
fjkjd olskag lah' .dhkd lSmhlau wiu;a h' ;j llska wE Tyqj
wmydihg ,lalr fldfjka m,jd y' ta wE w;s oCI neks' wdpdh
uka fkdkqj;aj yuq jQfha fld foklgh' wef.a fld ksh" o;a j,ska imd
lEu iq fohls' Wkajykafia ls fndk l=vd megfjls' cEka fyj;a pd
Lqka Wmd,s fufia lafjka wE Tyqg mK mska yu .id yu;a l=Kkjd
hehs is;+y' uka fld fofkla fkdyk;s' Tyq lafla rEu;a l;la' Tyq
urK nj fkdoks;s' Tyqf.a yu frd .ekSug l=ula lro fufia is;d
cEka fldjg mekafkah' mek"
163
zztahs uka Wf wud f.hs jy,ska je uu okafka kE wE ;ju;a

mK ;sfhkjdo @ ud WU yeu;eku fijdhsZZ lE .eiQy' wE u je
iskq ud gqjd wE Tnj f.akag lshd w~kjd uq ojiu uu fyjd ug
lkag;a keyeZZ uka iy ;reK ia;s%h f fohska ;e;s .eKqks'
uf.a wudg fldfyduo @
cEkag l:d lrkag ne ;r fjfyi we;' fu,ylg ue,d we;s'
ud;a ;j llska ue jefgkjd' fufia lshd ukaf.a w;ska weof.k fldfjka nei .;s' oyila fokd ia;j n,d ishy' Tyq uka weof.k jkag
jqks' .f udhsug wdmiq ukag isysika ke;' wudg flfiao @ jyf,a ke.
f.k wud fudllao lf<a @ uu okafka keye' fldfydu jegqKo lshd wE
lE .ika u isfha' uu jf.k wdj Tn fidhkag'
wud uefrkag weoao @
wms blauKska f.dia n,uq'
ta jk g ? fnda we;' .f ksiaiq miqmi wd kuq;a t;r r
hkag fkdleu;s jQy' fldkag iy fyd,auka j,g Nh neks' tneka
ish fokd tys k;r jQy' cekaf.a uq .; is; tlgu fjkia h' Tyq
fkdi`.jd ish m%jD;a;s lSfh' ug n,d iskag neye' wr .Eks WUj
u oud md.kjd' Wf yu .,jd fyg udl tfla l=Kd' ughs uq
.ughs uyd kskaodjla' .Eksfhla iska Wf mslu kdY lrkjd uyd
iup,fhka' uu fmd Wmdhla r`.mEjd' msig ta;;
a = hkag WU blauKska
hd hq;= nj uyd ne?re m%Yk
a hla ksid' WU mrdch jk ksid fkdf' uf.a
Wmdfhka ta .Eks;a lmd jqkd' blauKska msg hkag kE' ljqrej;a m%Yak
lrkag m%:u' wE n,d ish ye u;lo @ WUghs wughs yu wkqlmd
l<d' uu WU wmdfhka uqod .;a;d' th iQlaIau Wmdhla fkdfo @
zzwmrdfoa WU udj ke;s l,d' WU fudllao f lf<a @ uu fyd|g
wEj lm,d i;=gla ,enqjd' WU uf.a i;=g ke;s l<d' WU ug fufyu
fohla lrhs lsh,d ljodj;a is;=f keye' ug ysf;kjd wdmyq hkag'
uuhs wEj wkafka udlgqjg wef.a yu l=Kkag'ZZ
zzwfka fndre tmd WU lE,s j,g lemqj ta .Eks' uu hka; mK
frejd' fu;k tkjd fndre lhsjdre lshkak' uu WUj wdmiq tlalr
f.k hkak' ta .Eks WUj uia fldf ;sh,d fm;s .yhs'ZZ
164
zztfyu fkdf' wE .Eksfhla ksid uu lla nqre,la fmkakj

q d' uq,"
tg wE ys;g wrka ug fohs' Bgmiq uu wEj f.dakshl odf.k .syska
jeu ,g wf, lrkag ys;d yshd' WUg udj f;are .kag ne jqkd'
uu wEg weula kakd' fldhd jrg weu fokjd jf.a'ZZ
WU t;r oCI k uf.a fmd m%fhda.hg wiqjqfKa wehs @ WU
fl;r Nh jqkdo h;a ;j fmdfvka w~kjd ,ecd ke;sj wr .Eks
bmsg' WU fldfya ta .Eksj w,a,hso @ ;j fmdfvka WUj w,a,d
Tlafldagu fmakak fldfjka u is lrkjd' Tpr fndre lhsjdre
tmd uka' uu ifydaorfhla jf.a WUj frd .;a;d ta .Eksf.ka'ZZ
tod uka iy ceka fofokdu rd;S% fmd, .ek is;ka la jqy'
.sys ld,fha jqjo f uyd mqreIhka fofokdf.a ; m%jD;a;s
b;du pu;aldrcklh' f,daldiajdo r;sfhka l< l:d jqjo hlsis
oCI;djhla we;' talg tl lSu mjd ukial,ams; ye`.S fmkajhs' wdpdh
uka f l:d mqj;a lshk g tu isoah r`.mEula jeksh' wdiajdohla
we;s flf' fujeks l:d mqj;a tugh' kuq;a f fmd WodyrKfhka
mdGl Tng hlsis wjfndaOhla ,ef hehs is;' Wkajykafia,df.a .sys
ld,fha l< l:d i,a,dm jqjo olaI ;l yd jdo we;' tajd wysxilh'
fkdaod;aulh' fnd<|h' wjHdch' wka;f
s f fofokd .syf
s .hska kslu
a
>k jkdka;rj, OQ;dx. wdpdhjre jQy' pd Lqka Wmd,s .=KQmudpdh
iy wdpdh uka N+o;a; hkq uq ;dhs,ka;h kuialdr mQcdfjka Wmydr
olajk uyd ry;a bisjrhka f'
uka iy ceka k i|yka lf<a ta wdpdh uka mejiq NdIdj wkq.
ukh lsugh' l,d;=rlska fujeks i;=gq id l:d i,a,dm wikakg ,ef'
NsCIqka jykafia,d ks;r foff,a Ndjkd fhda.S fjka i;s m[a[dfjka
.; lrkafka ;o" wmyiq ;hkah' tys rduhla" ,sys,a njla ke;'
ta uyd f:arjrekaf.ka iy Tn ieuf.ka ^h fodaIhla fuu mqj;aj,
wef;d;a& iudj wh' tu mqj;a YsIag NdIdfjka ,shQ g tys ydiH rih
ke;s hk neks' fufia ,Sfj' ta wh w;r we;s wfkdHkH in|;djh
ka fyd\dldr ms<snq f' ug f l:dj weiQ wdldrfhkau ,su myiq
h' wo iskd f foku yd tl, is wdldrh wkqj is;k g ia;
lmdjla we;s lrhs'
wdpdh uka ks;ru j;udkfha j;a jk neka w;S;h f.k
yer olajkafka l,d;=rlsks' tfy;a jka jr wdpdh pd Lqka Wmd,s
165
f;rekaf.a oCI;djh .ek i|yka lrhs' tla kla fjiaika;r cd;lh

ms<sn| idlPd l<y' wdpdh uka uS fohkaf.a uf.a ku l=ulahs
wdpdh ud Ldka Wmd,sf.ka uiSh' zzuu ta ku i|yka ;ekla ;s%msglfha
lafla ke;' ug jerKd h yelshs'ZZ pd Lqka Wmd,s f;rekaf.a m%;s
jpkh ieKska ,enqKs'
zzTn uSf.a uj l,dj;a wy,jd;a keye @ kr.fha ish fokdu
th okS' ;du;a fidhd .kag ne jqfka wehs @ Tn fldfyao fif @
;s%msglfha t ku ke;s nj wdpdh uka kej;;a lSh' ;s%msglfha @
fudk ;s%msglfhao @ wr f,dl= f.or y;rux ykafha mkai,g hk mdf
lgldr Tma fkdakd @
wdpdh uka wkaka l=k
a ka h' fjiaika;r l:df hlsis mkai,la
.ek i|yka fhs u;la l<y' fudk ykaho @ fudk mkai,o@
zzusf.a wudf.a f.or Tf mkai, <`. @ usf.a wud okafka
ke;af;a fudlo @ wfka wfmdhs us iy wef.a wud bkafka ta .fuhs Tn
l,dj;a keye .syska ;s%msglfha fidhkjd' ug;a ,echs Tn .ek'ZZ
wdpdh Lqka Wmd,s us iy wef.a wud bkafka Tf .fuhs lS g
wdpdh uka yg u;la h' g m%:u fjiaika;r cd;sl l:dj .ek is;+
neka wkaka l=kaka h' zzwdpdh Lqka Wmd,sf.a ydiH rih" CIKslhs"
uqL jqjo l:dfjys oCI nqyq lula we;' hula rij;a f,i lshdmdhs th
nqoau;aj isky my< lrk u;sh we;s lrk whqre lSug iu;a fj;shsZZ
wdpdh uka mejiqfh' f l:dj lshd wdpdh uka iskdiqky'
l,la hdx uhs ys uta mdx ia;s%lalfha Lka k u .f wdpdh
uka jia iQy' ks;ru mdfya Yl% foafkahd fndfyda foaj msi legqj
Wkajykafia neye lSug tys mefKa' .sydkfha l uqfka msys
zzfvdla LZZ .,a .=ydjg h;s' Yl% foafJhd ;u msi iu`. tys t;s'
.Kkska ishla odyla muK we;' wka fojre fuka fkdj Yl% fo
Yd, msi iu`. t;s' ks;r f msi tys mefK;s' l,ska meK ke;s
whg Yl% fo je ms lrk wdldrh" Ouh Y%jKh lrk wdldrh
lshd fohs' wdpdh uka fndfyda g fu;a;d wd wm%udK Ou .ek lsh;s'
fojre n%yau ydr Ou fldgia weiSug jvd;a ms%h neks'
166
ukqIH wdjdifhka f;dr jQ nka k u iy fvdla Ldka m%foaYhg

fojre j;s' fkdfhla ;rd;srf fojre tys j;s' f wh wdpdh
ukag iy fuu md m%foaYhg fnfyka ms%h lr;s' b;d m%fifuka ilauka
uj whsfkka t;s' th w;s mQckSh f' flf<ish hq;= ;ekla fkdf' .f
ksiaiq je,s w;=rd th msis lr we;' kd. foaj fldGdio tfiauhs'
iuyr g tys kdhlhd ;=kajrla ilauka uj m%oCIsKd lrhs' iuyr g
foaj kd.fhda Wkajykafiag hlsis W;aijhlg wdrdOkd lr;s' ksiqka
fuks' je,s uj bys we;ak ok kud w;aj,ska je,s msi ou;s' f whf.
a yeisu mqudldr ixhuls'
ksid f Ouh wdrlaId lrkafka k f fohka kd.hska fuka
Nla;s we;s lr hq;=hehs wdpdh uka mjihs' ksidg f wukqIHhskaf.
a yeisu lal fkdyelsh' th wjdikdjls' ksidg fohkaf.ka ,nd
.; yels foa wmuKh' ksid ;u ksia h mjd kslrefKa whdf,a .;
lr;s' tfyhska i;=g ;Dma;sh fkd,ef' we;af;kau Ydikh hkq is,a
.=Kh" YS,dpdrh jvk wdldrhls' f W;= m%;sm;a;s nq iiqfka olajd
we;' th wkq.ukh fkdlsu wmrdOhls
yoj; hkq f,dalfha we;s b;du jkd jia;=j nj wdpdh uka ks;r
lshhs' yoj; wYsIag" wiNH jQ g wjg mirh IKh f' l=Kq jQ fohla
ksid wjg m%foaYh wmsis jkakdla fuks' fujeks Is; ukia ksid Ouh
jqjo flf<fia Ouh w;s mY=oaO jqjo tjeks Is; uki ksid wmsis
f' iq msis jia;%hla uv .dkakdla fuks' iaYS, mqoa.,fhla Ouh
foaYkd lrk g tys lsis m%;sM,hla ke;' wYsCIs; oro~q kSp ksiai
Ouh fl;r W;= jqjo" woykafka ta kSp fkdirema wkaough' ta whg
Oufha lsis M,la ke;' fn!oaOhka jYfhka f,dalhdg m%oYkh lr;s'
;uka ta Ouh wkq.ukh fkdlr;s'
Ydik hkafkys f;areu fufiah' Ydikh hkq wmsuhs' wfma ls%hd
mmdh fyd| fyda krl k" wfma i;=g" la h ;rulao th Ydikhg
n,mdhs' tla tla flkdf.a yeisu Ydikh f' Ydikh hkq mndysr
fohla f,i is;Su Yd, jrols' tneka ;udf.a yeisuo jer f' jer
foa fl;r jqjo jevla ke;' hula jevodhl jkafka th y k muKs'
hful=f.a .=Kh" i;Hh u; Ydikh /foa' b;d ixCIsma;j lSfjd;a wfma
yoj; jer k wms lrK ish,a,u jer f' Wod' zzjro wef;d;aZZ .Kka
kq jerfoa' we fkd.e,fma' jdyk ;onoh Iu f' jdy jQ wh
tu kS;s leu ksid uy;a jHjikhg m;af' ;uka .;a fmdfrdka lv
167
lsu ksid orejka yd foudmshka reoaO f' Okh whq;= f,i kS;s frdaj
imh;s' kS;s m;sfhda kS;s lv lr;s' wdKavqf ks,Odyq ;u rg jeishdg
iqN fi; msKsi ls%hd fkdlr;s' ta wh jxpkslh' ksidf.a i;=rka fuks'
zzjro wef;d;aZZ tys lsisu jkdlula ke;' ksid m%md;hg m;af'
wfma jer ksid wfma kaokh flfia fj;;a tys wksIaG mdl ke;s
l< fkdyelsh' f jeroao isjkafka yojf;ah' th ;u ukia yg .kakd
jrols' tys mdl la f.k foa' wms jrola l< g tys we;sjk la mdl
wmguh' jrola lr tys mdl j,ska .e, hdug fndfyda fokd is;;s'
th l< fkdyel' ljod kuq;a tu mdl ;ukag kakg f' fuh Yaj
Ou;djhls' tneka jro flfrys uOHia: u" WodiSk u" fkdie<lSu"
wu;l lsu ksid mqo.
a ,sl w,dN ydksj,g m;af' th f wd;aufhau M,
mdl foa' f i;H;djh fkdi<ld hqKq f u`. fiu fijke,a,la
w,a,kag hdula jeksh' ksid ;=< woHdfjka yd fudayfhka uq,dula
isf' Ydikh hkq tjeks uq,djla fkdf' Ydikh rlsk flfkla tu
ud.fhka neyer jQ g ;udg ,efnk mdl Ydikfha jrola fkdf'
th ;ukaf.au j, lmd .ekSuls' bka ula ke;' Ydikh ljo;a msish'
fkdfjkiah' ksjerh' Ydikh" yiak" iiak fyj;a mKsvh hk w:h
we;' ish nqjrekaf.a mKsvh thu f' zzt;x nqoaodkx idikxZZ
Ydikfha i;H;djh .re lrK whg Oufha wdYsjdoh ,ef
hkak ks;ru wdpdh uka m%ldY lr;s' tg ;uka bjis,f
a ,ka iekis,f
a ,ka
j;a f' wka who mirho iqjodhl f' kE ;% in|;d ier mreI
fkdf' jdo" fNao" rKavq" weK fldgd .ekS ke;' ksid iem m%d:kd
lr;s' kuq;a iem fkd,ef' Bg fya;=j is; Is;h' is;=,s jrfoys nef|a'
fujeks .sks.;a is;lska jHdmdr lghq;=" jev rdcld lr;a' fld;ekg
.sh;a l=ula l<;a ta .sks.;a ys; ksid iduld iunr jk rgdjla f.k
hd fkdyelsh' tjeks mqoa.,hska ;u yojf;a .sks ksjf.k isis,a lr.kag
fkdis;;s' Is;hkag muKla i;=g ikaf;daIhla <`.d lr .ekSug is;;s'
tfy;a is; ksfjk ;=re i;=gla fkd,ef'
;uka jykafiaf.a uq ; ld,h NsCIqjla jYfhka .; lf<a Ouh
pdfukah' nqrcdKka jykafia foaYkd l< Oufha .eUqr" ." m<,
uyd id.rhg jvd w;sYhskau jeh' we;af;kau Ydikh .ek ys;d ksu
lrkakg ne ;r .re .dNSrh' tys ish
q ,CIK l .ekSf we;sjk
m%;sM, ia;h' ia;r lsug fkdyelsh' Wkajykafia Wfoa isg ? jk
;=re;a nqoaO" Ou" ix> hk f;rejkg je| je kuialdr fkdlrkafka
168
n,d isk wh msiafila lshd is;k neks' ke;fyd;a lsisu flhla"

lkiai,a,la" uykaishla ke;sj i;=ka ikaf;daIfhka f;rejka keuu
iodld,fhau l< yelsh' Wkajykafia mrud: jYfhkau okakd tla fohla
we;' tk nqoaO" Ou" ix> hk f;rejkska Wkajykafia lsis kl fjka
fkdjk njhs' fuh k wld,sl .=Khhs' th Yaj ,laIKhla jQ wks;Hh"
laL" wkd;au iajNdjfhka yd;amiskau reoaO f' f Yaj iajNdjhka
i;a;ajhdf.a is; ksrka;rfhka mSvdjg m;alrjhs'
lufha .=ma; mdl

wdpdh uka hdx uhs llrfha jdih lrk l,ays uOHu rd;s%h
miqjk g km;d tla;rd ix{djla olS tk ldka;djla iy l=vd
idufkar kula' f .ek mr lsug is;d l=ula ksid fufia km;d tfy
fufy hkafkahs uiqfh' ta wh lkiai,af,ka j;a fj;s' Bg fya;=j
.sh wd;aufha tla;rd ia:m
Q hla f.dvkexug fofokd fjr jevQy' tfy;a
th ksu lsug m%:u urKhg m;ajqKs' l=vd idufKar ku tu ia;s%hf.a
nd, ifydaorhd h' f isoah .ek n,j;a lmdula yd miq ;e,a,la
ksid fufia Wm;la ,oy' tfy;a ta fofokd la kafka ke;' kuq;a iem
we;s Njhla bmug leue;a;lao ke;'
wdpdh uka Tjqkag Ouh foaYkd l<y' miq.sh foa .ek ;efjkag
tmd' ta .ek lsisfohla lrkag neye' ys;=jdg jevla ke;' Trf,daiqj
wdmiq lerlSula jeksh' tfia is;Su ksid uy;a jQ l" Nh" iel yg .kS'
wiykh we;sf' fl;r m%d:kd l<;a fkd,ef' wkd.;h .ek is;Suo
jerhs' wkd.;h ;du we;a ke;' tneka w;S;h yd wkd.;h w;a
ykak' j;udkfha muKla hula l< yelsf'
Tng ia:qmh ksu lrkakg fkdyelsug fya;= we;' ta fya;= ;snqKd
k Tn urKhg m;a jkafka ke;' urKh idudkH fohls' th blauug
fkdyelsh' ka th iEug fl;r is;=j;a th l< fkdyelsh' ;j
;j is;Sfuka ;j ;j jer isf' f ksid Tng fyd| Wmam;a;shla
fkd,ef'
ia:Qmh f.dv kexfuka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka msx ,nd .ekSughs'
tys we;s je,s" isfuka;s j,ska jevla ke;' Tn .;a uykaish ksid l=i,a
f;kd we;s msx /iaf' f msk muKhs Tng w;a jkafka' .,a je,s
169
j,ska jevla ke;' fyd| foa lrk" ish fokdu f.ks hkafka msx muKhs'
;uka ka fN!;sl foa f.ks hkafka ke;' mkai,la" NsCIq wdjdihla" Ndjkd
Yd,djla" j;=r gexlshla" fmd f.dvke.s,a,la fyda hlsis jHuh fohla
wdh ndysr jia;+kah' tajd ug we;s f;kdj ksid ;u ukfia msx is;a
we;sf' tys mdl Tn f.k h;s' jHuh foa l,la hk g kdY hhs'
fjd jH muKs' tys foaj f,dalhla fyda wmdhla ke;' tajd ka f;kdf
l=i, lu yg .kS' tys mdl f.k h;s'
oka ug we;s leue;a;" uykaish ksid ;u isf;a l=i,a we;sf' tys
f;kdj fyd| neks' yoj; .=Kj;ah" yojf;a msx /iaf' yoj;;a
foaj f,dalh f' ksjk f' u.a.M, f' f ish,a, we;s jkafka yojf;a
fyj;a isf;a'
Tn ia:Qmh iEf Tf isf;a ;Kaydjla we;s ;sf' fyd| fohla
.ek jqk;a ;Kaydj my< f' tneka tys we,au ne,au we;sf' ta ksid
Tn ;ju;a tys we,S .e,S ishs' ;ud lr.; msk ksid i;=gq jQjdk Tn
fyd| Njhl Wmkjd' msx ljodj;a m jkafka keye' msx hkq wld,sl
.=Khls'
w;S;h .ek ;efjkak tmd' tfia is;ka ;u ld,h kdia;s lrkak
tmd' y hg ys;kak' Nh iel re lrkak' j;udkfha jdih lrkak'
tg u.a.M, ksjk ,ef' w;S;h yd wkd.;h Tf hqKqj j<lajhs'
Tn fofokd .ek ug y ixf.hs' Tn fyd| luhla lr we;'
tfy;a .,a je,sj,g ;Kaydj Wmojdf.k wdid lr we;' ta wdidj ke;s
lr .kak' Tf l=i,a mdl tg M, fohs' bkamiq wdpdh uka mkais,a
ia;r l<y'
1' iEu fhlau ;u ;hg ms%h lr;s' tneka mrmk keiSfuka
j<lskak'
2' iEu fokdu ;u whs;s foaj,g msh
% l;s' tajd t;r jkd fkdjQj;a
whs;sldrhdg th jkafkah' fydr is;ska wkqkaf.a foa .ekSu ksid ;udf.
a is; Is; f'
3' iajd NdHhd ore udmsh wdka tlsfkldg wdor lr;s' ;udf.a
wdorjka;hska wka wh meyer .kakjdg wlue;s fj;s' ta ta whf.a mqo.
a ,sl
whs;sh .re l< hq;=h' iajd NdHdjka wka wh iu`. wkdpdrfha yeisu
uy;a la fokakls' th uy;a mdm luhls'
170
4' fndrej ksid Yajdih | yef,a' fm!reI;ajh ke;s f' i;=kj

a ;a
fndre /j,a, fkdlr;s' fndrefjka pxpdfjka j<lskak' u;ameka"
u;ajH isys l,a flf' fyd| isysh we;s mqoa.,hd jqjo u;a lu ksid
Ydl udkisl frda.Ska fj;s' ;uka iy ;u wdorjka;hska wi,ajdiSka
kdY f'
f mkais,a /lSu ksid uy;a M, m%fhdack ,nd.; yelsh' m<fjks
YsCIdfjka >dhqI ,ef' fofjks YsCIdfjka ;u whs;sjdisl /fla'
;=k - ;u mjqf,a wdor Nla;sh ;yjqre f' y;r - ;u jpk i;Hh jQ
g ksiqka iy fojre .re lr;a' wdor lr;a' wjxl whf.ka ldgj;a
ysyerhla ke;' my - u;ameka fkdfndk wh olaI f' kqjK we;sf'
fkd/jf' fud,h wjq,a fkdf'
f mia mka je<flk wh ksidf.a ;h" iu.s imkak lr;a'
Yajdijka; lr;a' miam lrkakd i;=kag ksidg iSudka;s la mSvd fohs'
;ukaf.a ;hg wdor fukau wkqkq;a ;u ;j,g wdor lr;a' tneka
lsisfjl=g la lror fokag tmd' is,aj;a fyd| .;s.=K ksid iaj.fha
Wm' f Ou foaYkdj u;l ;nd .kak' ta wkqj ms<sfj;a mqrkak' Tnf.
a wkd.;h taldka;fhka iM, f'
tu ldka;dj iy l=vd idufkarhka f Ouh b;d i;=ka wid
ishy' Wkajykafiaf.ka mkais,a b,ay' Wkajykafia mkais,s ks' bkamiq
b;d f.!rjfhka wjir f.k w;=reoyka h' f fofokdf.a by; l=i,
lau n,fhka o nK wid mkais,a /lSu ksido h f.dia ;;sid fof,dj
Wm; ,enQy'
bkamiq f fojre fofokd fkdvljdu wdpdh uka yuqug wjq;a"
;u mS%;sh .ek lshd ia;+;s lr;s' fumuK ld,hla fof,dj iem im;a
ug ;snQ wdidj ka uqka m;a h' ;Kaydj" wdidj b;d Nhxlr nj
Tjqkg
a jegfyk nj lSy' ta ksid fyd| wd;auhla fkd,ef' Wkajykafiaf.
a Oudka; Wmfoia ,nd f.k fof,dj Wm; ,oy'
wdpdh uka Ou foaYkd lrka n,j;a ye`.S" Woaf. wdf. w;s
lr .ekSu kqiqiq nj;a th urKdikak fudfydf;a n,mdk nj;a myod
kay' hfula iu`. we;s lr.;a fma%u inkaO;d fyda ffjr" fl%daO" m<s.
ekS jeks n,j;a wdf. is; w,a,d .ks;a pq;s is; ;u lh w;a yk g
fujeks Woaf.hka isysm;a jqjfyd;a B<`. wd;auh wmdh" f,dal" hCI"
fma%; fyda ;sika wd C; ;;a;ajhg m;af'
171
tneka wms isys l,amkd we;s ukqIH f,dalfha jdih lrk g

ks;ru ;udf.a is;a .ek uis,su;a h hq;=hs' ukqIHhka jYfhka wfma
jer wjfndaO lr f.k tajdhska ug uykais h hq;=hs' tg wjidk
fudfydf;a urKdikakjQ g fyd|dldr is;s,s mj;ajkag yelsf'
tneka ks;ru fyd| is;s,s we;s lrkak' we,S .e j,ska wE;a fjkak'
ish nkaOkhkaf.ka Kq ;rug wjidk fudfyd; i;=ka ;u lh oud
.sh yelsh'
kqjKe;af;da yoj; hkq b;du jkd wjhj nj oks;'s yoj; msis
k udkisl Ydl iqjh f.k foa' tneka kqjK we;s nqka ry;=ka jeks
W;a;ufhda ;udf.a yoj; msis lr wkqkag;a ;u yoj; msis lsug
Wmfoia fo;s' wfma ;h r|d mj;skafka yojf;ah' wfma i;=g" iekiSu"
l" ;ry" ffjr we;sjkafka yojf;ah' bka l=i,a" wl=i,a lu isf' tu
lu wkqj kej; Wmam;a;sh isf' fufia yoj; b;d m%n, bkashls' wm
wmdhg oukafka;a ij.hg oukafka;a yoj;hs' tneka yoj;" ks;ru
fyd| foa is;kakg mqyqKq l< hq;=hs'
wdpdh uka nK lshd wjika jQ g w; Wmka fojre fofokd
wl mS%;shg m;a jQy' m%Yxid lrka fkdfhla fha jKkd lrka
bkamiq ;=kajrla m%oCIsKd fldg miq mig .uka lr mqka frdola fuka
wyfia md .shy'
jfrl wdpdh uka hdxudks >k jkdka;r l .eghl jdih
l<y' <`. md; .udkhla fkdue;' Wkajykafia Ndjkd lrka ish
woaN+; ks;a;la my< h' mdkaor 3g muK we;' Yrfha i;r uyd N+;
flgia b;d ishqjk f,djls' Wkajykafia kskafoka ms Ndjkd lrka
ishy' tg ;o iudhlg ke.Sug is;ah' ta wkqj is; iud.; h'
meh folla muK ta iudfha ishy' bkamiq is; bka idudkH iajNdjhg lska l m;afjka isfhah' tfy;a idudkH iajNdjhg m;a fkd
Wmpdr iudfha k;r h' tg mqu oYkhla we;sh'
w;s Yd, wef;la bfha fmkS isfhah' Wkajykafia <`.g meK
oK .id ;udf.a msg Wv k.sk f,i is' wdpdh uka Tyqf.a msg Wvg
ke. fn,af,a fome;af;a md oud is
s g ;j;a ;reK NsCIQka fokula we;=ka
msg ke.S msgqmiska tkjd gqfh' ta we;=ka b;d Yd, jqj;a Wkajykafia
we;d ;r f,dl= ke;' we;=ka ;=kafokdu b;du ,laIK rdclSh f;acia
we;' rcqf.a ux., yia;Ska fuks' Wkajykafiaf.a is; wk;s' f we;d
172
Wkajykafia iy wks;a NsCIQka iu`. bfha we;s Yd, l .eghla lrd

f.k h;s' ie;mq Nd.hl muK we;'
f oYkh ;= < widudkH f;a c ia we;' Wka j yka f ia iu;
f,dalfhka msg;g f.k h;s' tu l uqkg .sh g Yd, .,a .=ydjls'
.,a .=ydf we;=<g f.k .shy' bkamiq we;d wdmiq ye t<shg uqyqk ,d
ishy' wdpdh uka we;= msgh' Tyq miafika miaig .sfhah' ka miaid
.d;a .,a .=ydf we;=,a ;a;sfha .Ef' wks;a we;=ka fofokd fom;af;a
is;s' Tjqka we;=,g uqyqK ,d we;s w;r wdpdh uka msg;g uqyqK ,d
is;s' tg wdpdh uka wks;a NsCIQkag l:d lrka iuq .ks;s'
zzuf.a wjidk meh fuhhs' f Yrh yer h' iuq;s f,dalh ug
wod< ke;' kej; lsis lf,l f,dalhg fkdmefK' Wm;" urK uu
blaujd we;' Tn fom, kej; f,dalhg f.dia m%;m
s ;a;s mqrkak' tg Tng
uf.a w mdf tkag yelsf' ud fuka f f,dalfhka kslau .sh yelsh'
f,dalfhka f m,d .sh yelsh' f f,dalfha we,S j,ska .ykh' la mSvd
wkka;h' fuhska ksoyiau b;du Ialrh' fkdkj;ajdu m%;sm;a;s msh
hq;=h' f w;s W;a;u i;a ls%hdjg ;uka jykafia,df.a wka;su Hfha
yeu xjlau wjYH f' urKh blauug Nhdkl ixidrfhka ug
fufia Hh jvkak' f ksoyi" uqla;sh ,enQ miq Tng urKh .ek
lmd ula ke;' Wmam;a;shla w,a,d .ekSula ke;s neks'
fYaI jQ flf<ia ish,a, blaujd hkq we;' lsish ;Kaydjla ke;'
f f,dalfhka lsis pls;hla k;sj ;=rka fj' ysr ldrfhla ysfrka kdla
fuks' f isrer yer hdug lsis miq ;e,a,la ke;' fjk;a whg urK
fufydf;a lh w; yeug uy;a wdhdihla we;' uf.a msksug Tn la
h hq;= ke;' tfia la fuka lsis M,la ke;' ta la ;j ;j;a flf<ia
jeug bjy,a f' kqjKe;af;da th m%;sfCIam lr;s'
f foaYkfhka miq wdpdh uka wks;a NsCIQka fofokdg .,a .=ydfjka msgug lSy' ta we;=ka fofokd fuf;la ksYap,j fome;af;a is;s'
ta i;=ka wdpdh ukaf.a msksu .ek wid la uqiq iskakdla fuks' f
wjia:df Tjqka ienE we;=ka fuks' ukfia we;s ix{djla hehs is;Sug
fkdyelsh' tg ta we;=ka fofokd .,a .=ydfjka msgjqKs' ;reK NsCIQka
jykafia,d msg Wv is;s' ta i;=ka b;du;a iqjph" lSlreh' b;d fika
msgfj;s' tg wdpdh ukaf.a we;d ;j ;j;a msgqmig .sfhah' .,a .=ydj
lvdf.k we;=,a jkakdla fuks' f fudfydf;a wdpdh ukaf.a is; f
173
f,dalhg meK iajdNdl h' ks;a; fkdfmkS .sfhah'

fujeks ks;a;la ka fmr fkdgq rE neka wdpdh uka f ms<n
s |
pdula l<y' fuys w: folls' tl Wkajykafiaf.a msksfuka miq
;reK NsCIQka fokula ksjka wjfndaO lr;s' fol iu: miaikd Ndjkdj
ry;=ka jykafia,d mksu olajd Ndjkd lr;s' iu:-miaikdj fuu
wjidk ld,h f;la Wkajykafia,df.a m%;sm;a;shls' ulaksido h;a is;
iy mxpialkaOhkaf.a meje;au yd tlsfkl inkalrKh wjYH f'
urKh fyj;a mksjdKfha f hemSu wjika f' f,!lsl mxpialkaOh"
f,daflda;a;r is; yd we;s inkaOh" hemSu kj;S' tg iud miaikd
kj;S' fjk;a f,!lsl foa fuka wfydais f' kamiq lsj hq;a;la ke;'
hfula ;ud ke.S is we;d miaig f.dia .,a .=ydjg lvd f.k hk g
fndfyda fihska NS;shlg m;ajkjd we;' tfy;a wdpdh uka ta foi n,d
fkdie,S ishy' tu ;reK NsCIQka ksjka wjfndaO lrK ksid Wkajykaafiag mS%;shla h' th isjkafka Wkajykafiaf.a msksjka ld,fhah' ;uka
jykafia msksu .ek l:d lf<a th j;udkfha is fjka mj;skakdla
fuks' fuh iauh ckl nj wdpdh uka mejiqfh'
wjdikdjlg fuka wdpdh uka f ;reK NsCIqka fofokdf.a k
i|yka fkdl<y' f mqj; wid uu f fofok jykafia,d ljqrehs fiu
uykais .;s' uf.a hqKj
q o w;miq lf<' Wkajykafiaf.a mksjdKfhka
miqo f ms<sn| fidhd nefj' ;j jk ;=re ta ms<sn| fydavqjdjla
fkd,enqKs' f ; p;h ,shka ish jqjo uu ta ms<sn| fkdoks'
lsisfjla fuu NsCIQka jykafia,df.ka tla flfkla ;uka jykafia
nj fkdlsh;s' fuh iajdNdlh' tjeks w;s W;a;u wjfndaOhla .ek l:d
lrkafka ljfrlao @ tjeks w;s fYa%IaG fohla l=Kq ud fuka fjf<| ief,a
wf, lr;ao @ tjekaklg we tkafka ueiaika fkdfo @ fuu wjia:
djg mefKk hfula w;sfY%aIaG m%{djla iy .;s ,laIK ;sh hq;=f'
tjekafkla ;ud .ek m%pdrhla lr;ao @ ta ms<sn| lSu ksid fudavfhda iskd
fi;s' kqjKe;af;da kskaod flfr;s' tjeks m%jD;a;shlska l,n, jkafkda
wyi lvd jefg;shs l,n, jQ ydjd jeks wh fj;s'
uf.a isf;a ;snQ ielh ka ;=kS we;' tfyhska Tnf.a wjOdrKh
msKsi f isoah ,Sfj' h jrola wef;d;a iudjqj uekj' fujeks lreKq
l:d lrkafka b;d lsgq inkaOhla we;s .=re f.da, msi w;r muKs'
tg ydkshla fkdf' ud f ms<sn| ,su .ek fpkhg ,lajk nj
174
oks' Tnf.a ldreKsl iudj wh'
id.skafkka fmf<k fma%;fhda

Wkajykafiaf.a mksjdKh f;la wukqIHhkag Ouh foaYkd
lsu Yd, j.lSula h' Wkajykafia jdih lrK yeu m%foaYfhau
wukqIHhka iu`. inkalrKh ;snqKs' fma%; fldGdi ;u kEhskaf.
a msx n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjka Wkajykafiaf.ka Wmldr b,a,;s' Tjqka ue
fldmuK ld,hla .; jQfha hs lsj fkdyelsh' Tjqkaf.a j;aj isk
{d;Ska ljqrehs fkdoks;s' Tjqka wdpdh uka fj; meK j;aj bkak
{d;Ska fidhd fokag hehs b,a,;s' Tjqka odk msx muqKqjkag hehs b,a,;s'
;u ;h b;du;a #; neka bka ug msx b,a,;s' fndfyduhla wmdh
la | uy;a f,i mSvd | we;' ksia jI wkqj ta wh wmdfha is
ld,h fldmuKhs .Kka l< fkdyelsh' Tjqka wmdfhka kej;;a
#; fma%; wd;auhl lsj fkdyels ;r la ;s' tu wl=i, mdl
fkdkj;ajdu la muqKqjhs' bka ula ke;' isrf.hs isk ;dla l,a isr
o~qj ug isjkjdla fuks'
fma%; ksldfha wh wjq;a ;j fl;r ld,hla f la h hq;=hs
wi;s' Tjqka ne.Em;aj wdhdpkd lrkafka ;ukaf.a {d;Skag okajd ;uka
fj; msx muqKqjk f,isks' Wkajykafia ta {d;Ska .ek uiQ g fjk
kdkk f,dalhla .ek lsh;s' wmdfha fndfyda l,a wkka; la ld,h
wjqre oi oyila fyda ishla oyila h yelsh' bka f fma%; wd;aufha
bm we;' f wd;aufha wjqre 500 odyla muK l,a .; we;' f whf.
a {d;Ska fiug fkdyelsh' ta whf.a tu n,j;a lu | ka iskafka
h mskla ,nd.; yels ;ekl kuq;a {d;Ska fiug fkdyelsh' tneka
;u l u yer fjk lsisjla l< fkdyelsh' n" n<,a wd lsisfjl=g
whs;s ke;s i;=ka fuks' b;d wirK we;'
iuyr fma%;hskag ;rula Wmldr l< yelsh' Tjqka h f.dia je
ld,hla .; ke;' Tjqkaf.a mdm lu t;r n,j;a fkdf' {d;Ska
mjrk msx ta whg ,eh yelsh' ;u;a j;=ka w;r isk {d;Skaf.a k"
." ,smskh u;la lr;s' wdpdh uka tjeks wh <`. md; is k f
ia;r lshd msx ,nd .ekSug i<iaj;s' ta {d;Ska fkdfhla msxl lsugo
NsCIQka jykafia,dg oka ug o fhduq lr ta mska muqKj
q ;s' iuyr fma;
% hskg
a
kEu flfkl=f.a msx wkqfudaoka h yelsh' ta msk ta whgu mjrd ke;s
175
jqjo msx ,nd .ks;s' ta whf.a lu mdl wkqj iuyr fma%;hskag ldf.ka
jqjo msx ,nd .; yelsh' tfy;a iuyre ;u {d;Skaf.ka ta whg mejrE
msx muKla ,nd .; yelsf'
wdpdh uka yg f fma%; wd;au .ek fndfyda w;alS we;' Tjqyq
ks;ru lror lr;s' wukqIHhska w;ka fma%;fhda jvd;au lror lr;s'
;ud iska l< lsisu l=i, luhla ke;s neka ks;ru wkqkaf.ka b,a,;s'
wkqkaf.ka fkd,enqfKd;a t whg j;a h fkdyelsh' b;du ne.Em;a
wirK msils'
m;Hd.h iy l=i,a lsf mdl jYfhka ;udf.a iajdk;ajh
ysf' cd;s" cd;s fufia ;ukag wjYH ish foa ,efnk neka ;Dma;su;a
; .; lr;s' ish iFjfhda luh odhdo fldg is;s' ta mdl ug
fya;=j ;ukaf.au lu nj is;sh hq;=h' wka lsisfjl=g ;udf.a lu mdl
fkd,ef' tfiau wka lsif
s jl=f.a lu mdl ;ud fj; fkdmefKa' ;udg
,efnk iem" la ;udf.a l=i,a wl=i,a luj, mdl f'
wdpdh uka f fkdfhla wd;au .ek iqfYaI kqula we;s kuq;a
ta nj ye`.jkafka l,d;=rlsks' fma%;" foaj" n%yau" hCI" kd." .re~ wd
wd;auj, wh iu`. ks;r l:d ny lr;s' ksidf.a bJshkag wf.dapr
fndfyda foa Wkajykafiag wjfndaO f' wukqIHhka ms<n
s | l:d weiSug mjd
h Wojhs' zzksidg j;=r" .skak jeks m%lD;s weig fmfkk wkaoug lu
mdl olskg
a yelsk lsif
s jla mdm lu fkdlr;s' th uyd .sks f.dvlg
mkskakdla fuks' ta fjkqjg yels ;r fyd| foa lsug fmf<fU;s' tys
b;d isis,a .=Khla we;' f,dalfha ;sfnk ishu lror w;=reoyka jkjd
ksh;hs'ZZ jfrl wdpdh ukaf.a jeys YsIHfhla fufia mejiSh' zzksidg fma%;" foaj" .re~ kd. wdka .ek fkdokakd neka ;ukaf.a lu
mdl .ek iss;sh fkdyelsh' tneka Tn jykafia f okakd foa ksiqkag
lshdu jeo.;a f' zznqka ry;=ka jeks W;= wh ;ud okakd foa wkqkag
lshd kakd' Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djlhka jQ wms Tn jykafiaf.a ta iauhckl
Yla;sh w.h lrkakdla fuka f,dalhd w.h lr;s'
wdpdh uka Tyq ksYam%Nd l<y' Tn lshk foa l< g wms fof.
d,af,du wkd: fj;s' fujeks foa m%isoaOj l:d lsu iqiq ke;' tfia lS
l< uu iy wksl=;a NsCIQyq msiaika fj;s' tg fuh msiaiq wdY%uhla fjhs'
nqoaO Ydikh m%{dj fmr fldg we;' th ;ud iska wjfndaO l<
hq;a;ls' Tn jykafia lshk foa m%{d f.dapro ke;fyd;a fudayh weiqre
176
lr;ao @ fujeks foa is;Su mjd msiaiqjls' lSu .ek lshkq lsu @ ksiaiq
fujeks foa weiqj;a wmf.a lSu ksid wms kdY fjuq'
wm wjg we;s mirh bJsh f.dapr neka ksidg iuq;s i;Hfhka
jgyd .; yelsh' tfy;a Ouh m%{d f.daprh' mrud: i;Hh weiqre
lrhs' tneka iudchg f Ouh fok g thska i;=g" iudodkh"
iyjkh we;sh hq;=hs' w:j;a h hq;=hs' mrud: i;Hh nqrcdKka
jykafia foaYkd lf<a kqjK fufyhjd l%udkql+,jh' wid isk whg
f.dapr jk wdldrhgh' i;Hh jqj;a th lSf wjia:djla we;' th fmdf
lSu jrols' ta ksiqka jrojd .%yKh lrK neks'
mxp bJshkag f.dapr fkdjkfoa .ek l:d lsug yelafla h
wjfndaOhla ;=<sks' tjeks foa .ek wjfndaOhla ke;sj fmd; mf;a kqfuka fyda wka lsis flfkl=f.a kqfuka l:d lsu wiajdNdlh' tneka
ksidg fkdf;af' f hfula fpkh lsula fkdj tjeks w;SJsh
kqu we;s wh jqjo b;d mlaIdldj tu kqu bm;a l< hq;= njls'
wfma ia; kqu i;Hhla jqjo ta wid isk wh isys l,a h yelsh'
ta wh Ouh lshd .%yKh lrkafka fujeks wdYaph woaN+; foaj,ah' ta
wh ;rul udkisl lD;s we;s wh fj;s' tneka tjeks foa ;=<ska ksidf.a is; l=,au;a lsu kqiqiqh' nqrcdKka jykafia tjeks ia; foa
f,dalhd yuqf ;enqf h h whg nqoa f.dapr hgh' tneka wms
b;d iqmCIdldj Ouh foaYkd l< hq;=hs'
uu fufia m%Yak lr' Tn i;= uqo,a iNdrhla we;' th Tn
kqjK we;af;la k m%fhdackhg .; yelsh' kqjK ke;ak f Okh
Tnf.a mydksh f' uyd fiakdjla ueoaog hk g Tn f uqo, wdrlaId
lrkafka flfiao @
tu fcHIa G Ys I Hhd fufia lSh' zzuu yels;dla th m%fi
lr'ZZ
Tn wdrlaId lrkafka flfiao @
tu uqo,a ho lrk g wjYH m%udKh muKla t<shg f.k uq
uqo, fkdfmkajd i`.j'
tfia k Tng h w;SJsh kqula we;' fohka" N+;hka" fma%;hka
ms<sn| w;als we;' th wkqkag lskafka flfiao @ bka we;s M,hla ksid
kskaod" wm%Yxid" ysxid" mSvd ;ukag;a" wkqkag;a mekugo @
177
uu tu , uqo,a myrKh lrk ms<sfj; wkq.ukh lr' ka

fudfyd;lg fmr Tn lSjd fujeks wdYaph woaN+; foa f,dalhg kq
h hq;= nj' wehs ta @ uf.a ms<s.ekSu wkqj Tn lS foa idudkH flfkla j;a
fkdlshk fha nyqN+; l:djls' Tng idudkH kqula j;a ke;s neka
Tn ksiqkaf.a we.hSula ,nkafka flfiao @ Tnf.a is;=,s lD;sh' Tng
hfula fodia mejrefjd;a Tn ksoyig bm;a lrkafka l=ulao @ f .ek
is;d n,kq uek' f,dlfha jemqr bkafka m%{dj we;s who @ fudayfhka
uq,d jQ who @ tjeks whg Tn lS hg l< g f Ydikh mj;So @
f .ek ka ug jegfyk m ud lS foa imQKfhkau jer
nj uu ms<s.ks' uu tfia lSf Tn jykafia lshk foa wid uu wl;r
i;=gg meK wka whg;a tu mS%;sh N=la;s ug ie,iSu ms<sn| is;Sfuks'
tg ta wh fndfyda fihska bka m%fhdack .ks;s' ud bka isjk wksIag M,
mdl .ek is;=f ke;' Tn jykafia ug lreKdj Wmojd iudj fokak'
fujks fudayhlska ud uqod.kq leue;af;' uu b;d iqmCIdldj ka
u;=jg yeisfr'
uf.a jro fmkajd ug fodaIdfrdamKh lsu .ek uf.a i;=g m%ldY
lr' ta fodaYdfrdamKhg uu iqiafila fj' Tn jykafia ka lshd ka
m f,dalfha jemqr we;af;a m%{djka;hsko wkka; fudayfhka uq,d jQ
who @ hkak fuf;la l,a ug jegyqfka ke;' wfma .f bkak . jdiSka
w;=frka b;d iq m%udKhlg iS,d .=K kqjK .ek f;are we;' fndfyda wh ;uka Wmkafka ula ksido" lrkafka l=ulao hkak .ek ;elSula
ke;' ;uka fyd| lrkafka wehs @ krl lrkafka wehs @ hs fkdoks;s' ta
fudfydf;a wdiajdoh msKsi hula lr;s' ;ukaf.a wkd.;h ffojhg ndr
lr we;' Ydikh /l .ekSug yels" th wkqkag l%udkql+,j myod ug
yels wdoYj;a mqoa.,hka" .=rejreka iska muKla f Ydikh rlskq
,ef' kEu id:l;ajhla i|yd oCI kdhlfhla wjYH f'
Bg ms<;
s r
= e jYfhka wdpdh uka fufia mejiSh' Tn ka ms<s .kakjd
kqjKe;s wdoYu;a mqoa.,fhl=f.a u`. fmkau wjYH nj' tfia k
Tn ms<sfj;a rlsk NsCIqjla jYfhka hh jeh hq;af;a l=ula msKsio
@ wdOHd;al .=K kqjK ;lafiare lsug fkdyelsh' tneka b;d oCI
whg muKla f Ydik m%;smodj f.k .sh yelsh' olaIlu hkq f,dalh
kdY uqLhg m;a lrjk f,dalh uq,d lrk olaIlu fkdf' olaIlu
hkq iQCIu nqoahlska ;ud .kakd ;SrK fN!;sl wOHd;al iqjh msKsi
fhduq lsuhs' wdh wIagdx.sl ud.fha i|yka uq,a wx. fol iud
178
" iud ixlmam .ek oCI uhs' fujeks wx. imqrd ,kafka iuHla
{dkhla we;s wh isks'
iud iud jqjo iud fufyhjk fnod lau Yaf,aIKh
l< yels iuHla m%{dfjka hqla; h hq;=h' ke;fyd;a iudh jqjo ls%hd
rys; jQ kskaola njg m;af' iudh we;s jQ g tys m%{dj ;sh hq;=h'
ke;fyd;a ish ixialdrhkaf.a h:d N+;h oek .kafka flfiao @ is; yd
.efgk ndysr f,dalh mslaid n,kafka flfiao @ m%{dj ke;sg ;udf.
a ;SrK jer iys; f'
iud is;g wruKq jk wNHka;r yd ndysr wruqKq wkka;h'
f wruqKq ykd .kafka tla tla flkdf.a iajdNdl kqu u;h' f
wjia:df .kakd ;SrK ;ud i wka lsisfjla fkdokS' m%{dj fuys
i;Hh u; msysgd ksjer ;SrK .kS' tg wka wruqKq wfydais ;ukag
lrorhla fkdf' m%{dj ke;sg iud is;la ,eu;a Ialrh' ;ud olsk
iqN wruqKq flfrys we,Su;a wiqN wruqKq flfrys .eu;a isf' f
m%;sls%hd ;u isf;a n,mEula lrhs' tg we,Su fyda .eu isf' f jk
g m%{dj we;af;a k ta wruqKqj, iajNdjh ykd .kS' tg tajd ksid
uq,djg m;a fkdf' m%{dj ke;sg n,j;a ye`.Su" Woaf." wdf. ksid
is; lD;s f' m%{dj ;=<ska fuh f;dard frd wkjYH ye`.S fkdi<ld"
fkd;ld" w;ayeh yelsf' f wdldrfhka ;udf.a Ndjkd m%.;sh kshu
ud.fha hhs'
wm NsCIqjla jYfhka jr ord iskafka kqu yd m%{dj ,nd
hym;a .;s.=K mqre mqyqKq lrka f,dalfha iEu ukqIHfhlau w.hk
;;a;ajhg m;augh' flf<ia j,g ji`. flf<ia j,ska ujk lm"
jxpdld is;=,s j,g f.dre ug fkdf' ;u m%{dfjka f jxpdj
ykd .ekSugh' Ouh yd m%{dj ke;sg kh kS;s .re fkdlrk g
;ud wjodk ;;a;ajhl is' isf;a jxpksl iajNdjh iu`. igka lsug
wdhqO ke;' i;s" m[a[d hkq f hqoaOhg wjYH w wdhqO f' wfma
m%;smodj fkdle .gu lrf.k hdug k ffoksl ;fha lrk
ish lghq;= i;s" m[a[dfjka l< hq;=h' wm is;k" l:d lrk" ls%hd
lrk yeu gu i;sm[a[dfjka ish hq;=h' uf.a YsIHhka ish fokdu
l ke;s lsug uy;a Hhla orkjd lSug uu leu;s fj' fuh l<
hq;af; i;s m[a[dfjks' tg Tn nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a w;s W;a;u
Ouh ,eug iqiafida fj;s' yeu fohlau l=i,;djfhka l< hq;=h'
179
uf.a YsIHhka fudayfhka uq,d fkdfhla foa .ek we,S .e jdih lrkq
lSug leu;s fkdfj' wd;au ;Dma;sfhka ue,s lka ;u jev lghq;=
meyer yrka iskjd lSug wlue;s fj' tneka ;u jev lghq;=
ish,a,u i;=ka i;s" m[a[dfjka l< hq;=hs'
iir la ;rKh lsug .kakd jEhu W;= u jEhuls' iir la
blauu ;r wudre fjk lsis fohla ke;' ;u ; mQcdfjka ms<sfj;a
/lsh hq;=hs' flf<ia ksid Tn kej; kej;;a mrdch f' fjk;a jevla
fuka fuh wdjdg .shdg" h,g uyg l< yels fohla fkdf' ieflka"
nfhka l< yels fkdf' Tng taldka; iem; jQ ksjk ,nd .ekSug k
; m;Hd.fhka Ouhg wkqj ish hq;=hs' fjk wka l%uhla ke;'
;h mQcd lr ksjk ,eh hq;=h' tg Tn kej; Wmam;a;sfhka foa'
uu ms<sfj;a rlsk ld,fha j;a wdpdhjrfhl= f hehs
fkdis;=fj' ; wdYdjg jvd iir la blau ug ;snQ wdYdj jeh'
uf.a iEu jHdhdulau j;au msKi
s fkdj ;h blaujQ ksjka msKi
s h'
; ydks jqj;a ug miq;e,a,la ke;' ksjka ,eu hkq taldka; jdishls'
ksjka ud.fha hEu msKsi Wkkajla ;snqKs' nqrcdKka jykafia
,enQ W;= ksjk ud ,nd .kafka flfiao @ ta i|yd fkdl< yels mHd.
hla ke;' urKh m%Yakhla fkdf' .Kka lsug fkdyels m iir
urKhg m;a jQ jdr we;' ug lsisjla wjYH fkdh' wjYH ish foa we;'
kej; kQmjd hk woyi uqka m;a lr .ekSu uf.a tlu wIaGdkh h'
? oj,a fkdlvjd ud rE Hh ksrka;rfhka lrlefjk ;s frdaohla
fuks' Ou pl%h lrleuls' flf<ia lmka ? oj,a .; lf<' ksod
.kakd iq f,df muKla f ls%hdj keje;a jqKs' msk jydu i;s
m[a[dfjka flf<ia lemSu is lf<' Y%oaOdj" h fkdkj;ajdu je
.sfhah' wjidkfha ish flf<ia re h' ish flf<ia kej; kQmkd
f,i re .sh nj ug jegyqKs' bkamiq uu ms<sfj;a ,sys,a fldg fl
.;s' flf<ia ixis .sh kuq;a Yrh j;a f'
f ms<sn| Tn is;sh hq;=hs' ;h mrjg ;nd flf<ia iu`. igka
lrkjdo @ wkka; la nka ksoyia fjkjdo @ ke;fyd;a miq;e,af,ka
urKhg m;a kej; Njhla w,a,kjdo @ fudk ;r la mSvdj,g kej;
mefKkjdo @ blauka lrkak' f .ek is;kak' Tn kej; la f.dvl
mg,e ysrfjkjdo @ ;udg ,enqKq wjia:dj meyer ykjdo @
flf<ia igk f.k .sh hqo u we;af;a ;u isf;ah' Y%oaOd" h"
m[a[d tu igkg wjYH w wdhqO f' f igk ch.%yKh lsu hkq
180
ksoyi ,euhs' zz;uka ;ju ;reKhs ;n fndfyda l,a we;'ZZ wd jYfhka

is;ka jer iys; m%;sm;a;s rlsk NsCIqj fujeks jer u; w;a yeh
hq;=h' ;u is; yd lh muKla wruqKq lrka wkqka fyda ndysr foa .ek
is;Su w;ayeh hq;=hs' isf;a ks;ru Ouh rc l< hq;=h' tg flf<ia
ksid we;sjk I iukh f' ks;ru isf;a wOuh rc lrk g flf<ia
me;s b;s f.dia uq .; is; frda.d;=r flf' fudayh rc lrka la
yg .kS' iir > f' wl=i, mdl miqmi .uka lrhs' tg f,dalh
mqrd fyd,auka lrK la .sks j,ska ula ke;'
wdpdh uka tu NsCIqjlg ;ka fodaYdfrdamKh l<y' ;uka jykafiaf.a iD m%d;sydh f,dalhdg m%isoaO l< hq;=hehs tu NsCIqj m%ldY
l<y' wdpdh ukaf.a ms<s;=r jkd Ou fldGdihls' l,d;=rlska weish
yels foa fj;a' Wkajykafia fujeks Ouhla m%ldY lsug tu NsCIqjf.
a lSu bjy,a h' th fodaYdfrdamKhla fuka fmkS .sh;a th fodaYdfrdamKhla fkdf' bka ta NsCIqj yd wksl=;a whg Yd, ,dNhls' idudkHfhka
Wkajykafia .eUqre Ou muKla m%ldY lr;a' tg ikaiqkaj" myiqfjka"
i;=ka" iekiSfuka ta Ouh foaYkd lr;s' wid isk whg th hlsis
wvqjla f,i fka' kuq; hfula wkjYH m%Yak weiqfjd;a fyda Ouh
,sys,a lr l:d l<fyd;a fyda idlPdj ;shqKq jqjfyd;a Wkajykafiaf.a
yo ;=<ska Ouh ms .,d f.k hhs' wid isk wh l=,au;a lrka ye`.
S wjqiaika W;af;ackh lrhs'
fujeks foaYk wid isk wh fnfyka lmd f' th ia;r l<
fkdyelsh' uu o p;hla neka tjeks foaYk jvd msh
% lf<' tneka
Wkajykafiaf.ka tjeks m%Yak weiQ NsCIQkag ia;+;s jka; fj' Tjqka tu
m%Yak weiqf wjxl is;lska ksid tys jrola ke;' uf.a yoj; fnfyka
;Dma;shg m;a jqfka Wkajykafiaf.ka wNsfhda.d;aulj pdr nqoafhka
weiQ m%Yakj,g ,enqKq ms<s;=re j,sks' tu foaYk ug fhduq jQ kuq;a ish
NsCIqkag wod< h' uu fndfyda ld,hla Wkajykafia <`.ska weiqre l< miq"
Wkajykafiaf.ka foaYk n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkd fujeks m%Yk
a weiqfj' tg
fkdis;+ rE foaYk Wkajykafiaf.ka wikag ,enqKs' ta m%Yak fkdweiqf
k .;dkq.;slj iji yuqug isf'
jfrl wdpdh uka iy NsCIQka ;=ka y;r kula wE; m<d;l .,a
.=ydjl jdih msKsi meK fo;=ka kla .; jQ g Wkajykafiaf.a iud
is;g Wia l uqokl msys Yd, ,CIK .,a .=ydjla iah' w;S;fha
181
fndfyda mfia nq jreka jykafia,d tys jdih l< nj lSy' tfy;a tys hdu
wiSreh' uyd l ksid msKavmd; lsug fkdyelsh' tfy;a tu NsCIQkag
tys f.dia n,kag hehs lshd wdydr m%udKhla /f.k .sh hq;= njo lSy'
tu NsCIqka .f ksiqka lSm fofkla iu`. tu lkaog kex.y' l uqk
b;du ,CIK mirhls' .,a .=ydj Wkajykafia lS m ruKSh mis
;ekls' ta NsCIQka tysu / Ndjkd lsug leu;s jQy' tfy;a wdydr ke;s
neka wdpdh uka yuqug meKshy'
zz.,a .=ydj flfiao th b;d msis ,laIK ;ekla nj uu iud
is;ska gqfj' fuys fndfyda woaN+; foa isf' tu .,a .=ydj N+udgq
fohka iska wdrlaIs; ia:dkhls' hfula jer f,i yeiqrefKd;a foaj
fldamhg m;af' f nj Tng l,ska lSug wu;l jqfk' Yo k.d lE
.eiSu" wpdr yeisu fYaIfhka NsCIQkag kqiqiqh' hlsis jrola ksid
fohkaf.a wm%idoh we;s wk;=rlg m;afhs uu is;=fj'ZZ
tu NsCIQka ish f;dr;=re kajQy' tys jdih lsu b;du;a ms%h
ckl jqjo wdydr ,nd .eksug fkdyels neka kqiqiq f' .,a.=yd ms<sn|
wdpdh uka ish f;dr;=re kf.k ishy' tfy;a tys ljodj;a .syska
ke;' Wkajykafiaf.a Ndjkd n,h t;r m%d;sydHhls'
fojre tu m%foaYfha jdih lrk neka NsCIqka jykafia,d b;d
fyd| is;a ;a wkq.ukh l< hq;=f' iEufoau msisjg ,laIKg"
ms<sfj,g ;ekam;a lsu wjYH f' NsCIqjla Wvne,sfhka ksokjd lSug
fojre wlue;s fj;s' u< kshla fuka wm%ikakh' fudayfhka isysk olska ySfkka l:d lrka isys uq,dfjka ksok NsCIQka fohkag wm%ikakh'
kskafoka yeisfrk wkaou ;uka fkdkqj;aj isjk fohla jqjo fohka
ms<sl=,a lr;s' fojre iuQyhla meK fufia wddpdh ukag mji;s'
zzNsCIqka jykafia,dg fofhda iy ksiaiq je| kuialdr lrka
f.!rj olaj;s' tneka ta whf.a wdpdr iudpdr Ou ks;ru ixjr h
hq;=hs' ksok f,djg jqjo ta whf.a bh m%ikak h hq;=hs' n,kag ne
;r ms<sl=,a h hq;= ke;' .syshka fuka l:d ny lrk wixjrj yeisfrk
NsCIQka lSug wms fkdleu;s fjuq' ,CIKg bh meje;aug fkdyels
wehs @ iqmCIdldj ish foa ixjrj l< hq;=hs' wm NsCIQka fpkh
lsula fkdf' fojre iEu fokdu NsCIqkag f.!rj kuialdr lrkafka
Wkajykafia,df.a .;s.=K ksid Ydikh rlsk neks' wms Ydikh /lSug
uy;a Wkkafjuq' wm f kq fokafka Tn jykafiaf.a Y%djlshk
a g wjjdo
182
lrkakg" yeu bhjlau meje;au ixjr f,i i;sfhka lrK f,ighs'

tg ksiqka yd fohka i;=gg m;af' je" ms l< yels NsCIQka
jykafia,d ksid fojre Ydikh /lSug ;j ;j;a Wkkafj;s'ZZ
fohkaf.a f mKsvh ,e wdpdh uka NsCIqka jykafia,dg ;u
nvq ndysr ,CIKg ;ekam;a lsu yd yeisu .ek wjjdo l<y' mh
msiodk fr lene,a, jqjo fidaod f,d kud ;ekam;a l< hq;=h' fldklg
is l< hq;= ke;' jeisls,s kshu ia:dkj, iqmlaIdldj blrKq ,ef'
h h .ia hg jeisls,s ;ekSu wdpdHh uka ;yk lf<ah' Bg fya;=j
N+ udgq fojre tu m%foaYfha .uka lrk neks' ta .ia wrla f.k udk
we;s neks'
fohka .ek wjfndaO we;s NsCIQkag f wjjdo wjYH fkdh'
Wkajykafiaf.a fndfyda YsIHhkag fohka yd inkaO;d we;s neks'
tfy;a ta ms<sn| l:d lsug ue,s jkafka wid isk whg l=;=y,hla
jk neks' tfy;a luia:dk NsCIQka w;r f ms<sn| jD;j idlPd
mj;aj;s' fndfyda fole, f NsCIQka lsug meK idlPd mj;aj;s'
ta l:d wid isk g ta NsCIQka jykafia,df.a Ndjkd hqKqj jgyd .;
yelsh'
W.% f,i fpkh l< foaj kd.hd

tla wjia:djl wdpdh uka hdx v .,a .=ydf jdih l<y' th
j;udkfha m%isoaO l mduq, ixpdrlhkaf.a .,a .=ydj fkdf' fuh
msysfha l uqfkah' f .,a .=ydj whs;slrf.k isfha foaj kd.fhls'
fndfyda ld,hla lsif
s jl=g tkag fkd Tyq th wdrlaId lf<ah' Tyq NsCIQka
jykafia,dg reoaOh' wl udkh we;s neka wdpdh uka yg fkdfhla
fha ysxid fpdaokd mejh' wdpdh ukaf.a ffu;S%" lreKd .=Kh Tyqg
fkdfka' Tyqf.a is; fndfyda ld,hla f,i :Hd oDIafhka is
neks'
rd;S% ld,fha Wkajykafia ilauka Ndjkd lrk g fifrmamq w
Yoh bjish fkdyelsh' zzTn fudk fha NsCIqjlao @ lgl,shdj
lvd.;a fia wYajfhla jf.a tfya fufya .uka lrkjd' Tn fmdf<df
wh ;shk .dfka fmdf<dj lmd fj,d uq lkaou foorKjd' Tn fu;r
wkqkag jo ysxid muqKqjk nj Tn okakjdo@ZZ
fujeks fodaYdfrdamK k.ka neK jefka wdpdh uka b;d ikaiqka
183
,S,dfjka ilauka lrk gh' Wkajykafia ;j;a fyka wh ;shka ilauka

l<y' tkuq;a kd.hd fkdi;=gq h' zzTn fudk NsCIqjlao l=re jeoafola
fuka fydr ryiska .uka lrka ilauka Ndjkd lrkjdo @ jer,dj;a
wdpdh ukaf.a mh .ia uq,a j, yemS Yohla jQ g zzTn fldhs fha
NsCIqjlao @ kdgH lKavdhf ;d,h w,a,kakdla fuka tfya fufya w
;nkjdo@
tg wdpdh uka ilauka uj iu;,d lr .;ay' .,a wyq,d
ms<sfj,g whsfka ;ekam;a l<y' zzTn fudk fha NsCIqjlao yeu ;siafiu
.,a tfya fufy f.ks hkjd" lsisu fohlska ;Dma;su;a keye' Tn f tfya
fufya wjqiaik g wkqkag bfia rohla fok nj f;afrkafka ke;ahs
weiqfh'
f ksid .,a .=ydf isk g ks;ru i;s iumc[a[fhka isug
isjqKs' kskafoa iq jYfhka Yrh fi,jqfkd;a fyda Tyq neK jk nj
Wkajykafiaf.a wj jQ g iud is;g wruqKq f' Tn kskafoka yefrkjd"
o`.,kjd" Yo lrka yhsfhka yqiau .kakjd" wd jYfhka neK j'
Wkajykafia iud isf;ka Tyq .ek n,k g Wkajykafia foi Trjka
n,d.;a jku n,d ishs' b;d Iag neka fl%daO we;s nekao Wkajykafia
mjrK msx fkd,nhs' Tyqf.a oafY .skk
a yo fjka mj;S' fufia n,j;a
mdm lu ksrka;rfhka lrhs' wdpdHh uka fudyq .ek uy;a wkqlmdjla
we;s l<y' tfy;a Ouh weySug fkdleue;s neka lsisu Wmldrhla l<
fkdyelsh' Tyq lf<a yeu fudfydf;au jer fiuh'
tla gl Wkajykafia NsCIqjlf.a wdl,am .ek lshd ;uka jykafiaf.a wruqKq meye,s l<y'
zzud fuys meKsfha lsisfjl=g ysyer lsug fkdf' f Ydik
ms<sfj;a /lSug' ug yd wfkl=;a whg th Yd, ,dNhls' Tn wl=i,a
is;a my< lsu jerhs' ud Tng lsis yxid mSvdjla lr ke;' ud lrkafka
yels ;r l=i,a lr wkqkag;a wkqfudaoka lsuhs' th Tng;a idOdrKhs'
tneka ud Tng jO ysxid muqKqjkag wdf ke;'
idudkH ksid lh fid<jd h h ls%hd lr;s' th iajdNdlh' u<
Ksh muKla fkdfi,a f' NsCIqjla jYfhka uu ks;ru fydka bh
mj;aj' ud u<kshla fkdf' tneka jd;h wdYajdi m%dYajdi lr'
iuyr g ta f.h wvq je f' ud ksok g;a wdYajdi m%dYajdi flf'
ta ksid h h Yo ksl=;a f' th iajdNdlhs' Tn h NsCIqjla lsisjla
184
fkdlr .,a .eyS iskjd l weoao @ ksid tfia yeisfrkafka ke;'

uu yels;r ksYaIoj ilauka lrkag jEh lr' ta;a Tn ud
fia wYajfhla jeks hhs fodia lshhs' we;af;kau fia wYajfhla iy
Ndjkd fhda.S NsCIqj w;r wyi fmdf<dj fuka Yd, fjkila we;'
tjeks ikaikaok lsu fkdfyd' Tn lrk mdm lu ksid wmdfha Wm;
,nhs' Tn lshk hg ug yeisfrkag neye' Tng i;=ka ikaf;daIfhka
iskag wjYH k Tf isf;a we;s ;ry .skak ksjd .kak' tg Tng
bfu i;=g ,ef'
wkqkaf.a jer ;snqK;a tajd fpkh lsu ksid ysf;a fkdiaik
;ry .;s we;sfjkjd' uf.a yeisu NsCIqjlg fydk hla' tfy;a
Tn ks;ru fpkh lrkjd' Tn ukqIHfhla k Tng idudkH ksia
;hla .; lrkag neye' uq f,dalhu l=Kq f.dvla f,i;a Tn muKla
fmrdmq r;a;rka f,i;a fmfka' tjeks woyia we;s jkafka Tn wka wh
fy<d fm,d l:d lrka f,dalh m%;sfCIam lrk ksid' bka Tn ks;ru
lkiai,af,ka miqfjhs' kqjKe;af;da jer f,i wkqka fpkh fkdlr;a'
th n,j;a wl=i, mdl f.k fokakls' Tn tjeks wl=i,a lrka fkdao
fjhs' ;ud jefgk m%md;h fkdolS' Tnf.a fodaIdfrdamKfhka la kafka
ud fkdf' Tnuhs' Tn udkisl frda.sfhla f,i .; is; ojd,hs' tjeks
foa Tngu jegfykjd k l=ulaksid ta mdm lu lrkafkyso @ Tnf.a
is;=,s ish,a,u uu oks' ta jqk;a uu Tng ks;ru iudj ks' Tn lrk
foa ksid Tf uki lD;s f' fl;r fodia lSj;a Tng fkdiEfya' th
frda.hla k fnfy;a ke;'
Tnf.a isf;a mj;sk jer oDIah ke;s lsug uu fndfyda fjfyi
jqfk' fkdfhla ksia" fma%;" jH" n%yau" hCI yd Tng;a jvd n,j;a foaj
kd.hskag uu Wmldr lr' ta ish fokd iud inq Ouh ms<s.ks;s'
lu mdl ms<s.ks;s' Tn yer wka lsisfjla fufia Ouhg mreI wkaoka
ks.d fkdfo;s' f Ouh uq ilaj,u ms<s.ks;a' Tn b;d wiajdNdlhs'
f i;Hh .re lrkafka ke;' Tn lrkafka kslrefKa ksjer whg fodia
mejuhs' Tn is;df.k bkafka fjd l=i,a lu lshd' m%{djka;fhda fujeks foa ksid i;=g" iduh ,ef hhs fkdis;;s' Tf f wd;auh keue;s
yej weh g fuu mdm lu M, mdl jYfhka b;d i;=go
q dhl wd;auhla
,efo @ Oufha wka;.; lreKq ms<sn| jD;j fufia lsu .ek uu
iudj wh' uf.a f;kdj msish' Tn flfia jrojd ms<s.;a;;a uu
185
lsij
s la Iag f;kdjlska fkdlsh' fuys meKs uq,a ojfia isgu uu ish
lghq;= ksiswdldr is lf<' fuh Tnf.a jdiia:dkh nj uu oks' uf.a
iSu Tng lrorhla nj uu oks' Tn wkqka fpkh lr ;Dma;shla
,nk flfkla jqj;a Tnf.a ls%hdj wkqka fy,d olsk udkisl ls%hdjls'
Tnf.a ta ls%hdj,sh ksid uu wiykhg m;a fkdfj' ug lK.dgq bka
Tng Nhdkl la mdl ,efnk neks' ud fuys wdf m lu lsug
fkdf' uu lrk lshk ish foa wjxl ms
s is is;lska lr' uf.a f;kdj
msis neka bka wksIag mdl fkd,ef'
kqjKe;af;da fN!;sl foa iy wdOHd;al foa .ek fjki wjfndaO
l< g .=Kj;a .;s mej;= w.h l<y' iduh" i;=g i|yd lrk l=i,
lu msx jev w.h l<y' wkdu;a ld,hl isg kqjKe;af;da .=K .rel
Ndjh .ek l:d l<y' ksidg .=Kj;a ug Wmfoia kay' Tn wehs f
hg .=Kj;alu mfil od ;u ys;=uf;a fujeks wl=i,a j, we,S .e,S
isu fyd| hehs is;kafka @ iS,d .=Khka my;a lrka Tn oji f.jk
g Tf wl=i, lu .ek is;Sug j;a wjldY ke;' Tng kakg fjk
la ug ug is fkdjk kuq;a ug Tn .ek Nh Wm' fufia ysxidld
foa .ek is;Su kaj;a kj;d,kq' Tf wOu" Iag" f;kd ksid Tf
ish .=Kj;al wfydais hhs' tys mdl fl;r Nhdklhs is;Sug
j;a fkdyelsh' f,dalfha fjk lsis fohlg jvd ug th Nh f.k foa' uq
f,dalhu uy ug h fj;s' f,v frda." urKhg h fj;s' tfy;a ta
lsisjla f lu mdl ;r ud hm;a fkdlrhs'
flf<ia nyq, mqoa.,fhda .=Kj;al meyer yer ish wd.j,
W.kajk Nhdkl la mdl f.k fok foa lr;s' wms NsCIQka jYfhka
isjqre ord .kakd g f Ou kh wkq.ukh lsug wfma imQK
p;h fndfyda Hh jvd fjkia lruq' flf<ia hgm;a lsu b;du;a
wudre nj ud kf.k ish;a" uu NsCIqjla uy;a la .eyeg ka
fyda flf<ia hgm;a lsug ;SrKh .;s' ms<sfj;a msf Ialr;djh k
ks;ru flf<ia mek k.sk g tajd hgm;a lsuhs' tfy;a wmg wjYH
k lu bl=;a lsug ta lu idok flf<ia blauug wm tjeks Ialr
m%;sm;a;shla wkq.ukh l< hq;=h' iud inq rcdKka jykafia foiQ
Ouhg yd;amiska reoaO jkafka flf<ia'
uu >k jkdka;rhg meK .,a .=ydjl ,`.ska iudcfhka fldka
l< ;eke;af;la fuka ms<sfj;a mqrkafka mdmhkag iy tys mdlhkag
186
Nh neks' ud fuys wdf lsisfjl=g ysxid msvd lsug fkdf' lsisu mK

we;s if;l= yg uu ks.%y fkdlr' wmydi fkdlr' wf.!rj fkdlr' ta ish i;=kaf.a ; lu kHdhkag hg;af' tneka" ish,af,dau
iudk;ajfhka ols' uu /ia lrk l=i, lu ish f,dal i;a;ajhdg
iudoka lr' ta wh i;=ka ikaf;daIfhka fjfi;ajd' uu ukqIHfhla'
NsCIqjla fj wd jYfhka uf.a Wiialu .ek lsisgl fkdis;' wms
ish fokdu bmu" uyu" f,vu" urKh ksid iudk fjuq'
Tn;a f lu kHdhg hg;a jkafkls' tneka Tn ksy;udkSj
;u ls%hdjkaf.a mdl .ek is;d n,kq uek wkqka kskaod wmydi uqLfhka fpkh lsu l=Y, lu fkdjk neka la mdl f.k foa' f
wl=i, ;ud flf wl=rla kEr n,mdhs' Tn" Tn flfrys mquhg m;a
f Nhdkl mqreoao w;ayer .kq' th lrk ;=re Tng fyd| flfkla h
fkdyel' tg fyd| u;= Njhla ,eug yelsf' tg Tf Iag" ffjr
is; lska l fuf<dla f' wkd.;fha fujeks wl=i, mdl j,ska fj,S
isug isjkafka ke;'
Yajfha j;ajk ish i;a;ajfhda ksia" ;sika" foaj" n%yau" hCI
wdka i;=g m%d:kd lr;s' l m%;f
s CIam lr;s' Ouh ms<n
s | m%;f
s CIamhla
ke;' tfy;a Ouh ls%hd;aul lsug fkdyels fj;s' Ouh hkq Yajfha
mj;sk b;du jeo.;a iajdNdl ;shls' idr Ouhls' idrhls' h h wh
Ouhg wkqj j;a uy;a i;=glg ,dNhlg m;afj;s fYaIfhka ukqIHfhda ke;fyd;a ksia wd;auh" Ouh ms<smeug b;d iqiq mirhls'
Tn jqjo y jer fjka lr l .ekSf yelshdj we;af;ls' Tng
bka ;udg iqjf.k foa f;dard .; yelsh' kuq;a Tn lrkafka Bg mgyeks
jQ fohls' uu mquhg m;ajkafka Tn tjeks jer foa lrka .; lrk
;h .ekhs' kqjKe;a;ka jckh lrk foa Tn fyd| hehs ms<s.kS'
W;= f,i i<lk foa Tn .ryhs' Tn ola hs' Tng l f;af tfy;a
Tn lrkafka la fok foaj,ah' kqjKe;af;da wmg fmkajd we;s m
wkqkaf.a jer ne,Sug .kakd jHdhduh ;ukag la muqKqjkakls' thu
Tn ,s,ecd ke;sj ks;ru lrhs' Tng fuh jeo.;a fkdjQjla Tnf.a
is;
s ,s uu ks;ru oks' tfy;a uu ;ry fkdfj' WrK fkdjf' ks;ru
uu iudj fo' uu Tn .ek wkqlmd lr' tneka i;Hh fkdj,yd
lsh' Tnf.a is;=,s ksid uu mdl kafka ke;' tjeks foa uu fkdis;+
187
neks' uu kafka i;=g" iqjh" iekiqu" ffu;S%" lreKd .=Kh ksid' th

uf.a yojf;a fndfyda l,a rc lr we;'
jH kd.hd lsisjla fkdlshd f ish foa wid isfhah' Ou lrKq
Tyq f;are .;a g hlsis fjfyila Tyqf.a yojf;a we;sjK
q 's zzf NsCIqj
fyd| kqjKlaldr foa lsh;s' tfy;a kauu ug th ms<smeh fkdyelsh'
B<`. wd;aufha th ms<smeh yelsh' f NsCIqj ud hm;a lrhs' Tyq
fkdo; hq;= foa okshs' Tyq uf.a ka;kh okS' uf.a mqoa.,sl is;=" me;=
Tyq okafka flfiao @ uu bkafka ie`.jqKq f,dalhlh' tfy;a Tyq ud olS'
miq.sh wjqrej, fndfyda NsCIQyq f .,a .=ydf jdih l<y' tfy;a
lsif
s jla ud fkdoks;'s uf.a is;
s ,s fldfy;au fkdoks;'a uu Tjqka nf,kau
t<jd uqfj' ^wdpdh uka miqj wm iu`. lS m f kd.hd I
OQuhla hjd ta NsCIQkg
a bjish fkdyels wmyiq;djhlg m;a lr t<jd
uqfh'& Tyq ksod .kakd go uf.a ys; ykhs' miqj ud is;+ ldrKh ta
wdldrfhkau lshhs' wehs uu f ;r uf.au u;fha t,an isfkafka @ Tyq
lshk m ug mqre lrkag ne wehs @ uu Nhdkl wl=i,a lrkafkls'
Wkajykafia lS foh i;Hhls' ud fu;r Nhdkl jer lrefjla nj k
k;a" Tyq uy;a lreKdfjka lsisu ydkshla ug fkdlrk nj mjihs' ud
.; lrk fuu ;h uyd ld<lKaKs ;hls' ug y jer f;afrk
nj Tyq lSjd we;a;hs' tfy;a uf.a wjdikdjka; udkh ksid <`. Njh;a
ld<lKaKsfuh' .ska .gu tfia h yelsh'
l rduhlg miq wdpdh uka ;uka foaYkd l< Ouh f;areKdhs
kd.hdf.ka weiSh' zzTn b;d lreKdfjka ia;r l< ishu Ouh ug
f;areKd" tfy;a wjdikdjlg fuka ud fndfyda wl=i,a l< flfkls' ka
k wmd l | wjidk l< hq;=h' f Ou ud.fha hd yelshs hk
m%Yakh ug i|d .ekSug fkdyelsh' uf.a is;=,s ls%hd lrkafka my;a
foa lsugh' Ouhg keUqreug ug fkdisf;a'
Tn my;a foa lshd lshkafka l=ulgo @
uu f,dl= mS%;shla kaokh lrkjd' Tf jer lsh lshd kskaod lrk
g' Tn ug l< wmrdOhla keye' kuq;a ta hg ;uhs uf.a is; ls%hd
lrkafka' uf.a ys;g f foa jerhs lshd tys mdl .ek Tmamq lrkag
neye' f ksid uf.a jer yod .kag neye'
wdpdh uka Wkka lf<ah'
188
Tn ;SCIK nqoahlska mlaId l< g ta jer jev ksid ;uka la

k nj jegfya' ta nj ms<s.;a g jer foa Tf isf;ka ;=rka fjkjd
we;' kuq;a Tn f krl foa fyd| lshd is;=fjd;a Tn tajd /l .ekSug"
mj;ajd .ekSug fjr orhs' th lr .ekSug oyila foa is;ka ls%hd;aul
lrhs' th ;ukag fumuK la mdl fok nj fkdokS' th iemhla" i;=gla
hehs lu;sf' Tn blauKska f mqreoao w;a fkdyeh fyd;a th kj;ajd
.kag fkdyels ;;a;ajhlg jef' fuh ug l< fkdyelsh' ug Wmfoia
h yelsh' Tn Tnu w;ayeh hq;=h' th Tn i;= j.lSuls' yels;r
Hh fhdod bka ug W;aidy .kak' tg l%ufhka Tnf.a krl .;s
wvq fyd| .;s je hqKq hhs' wka;sf Tf isf;a we;af;a msis"
wjxl" YS,dpdr l=i,a is;a muKls' iud inqrcdKka jykafia Ouhg
wkqj ish la kikakg yelsf' kEu kqjK we;s i;a;ajfhl=g fuh
l< yelsh' ta Ouh iska Tn ks;ru wdrlaId lrK neka is; iekfia'
isf;a Nh" iel" pls; ke;' ;ry is;s,s ke;' lsisu fohla zzfyd|hsZZ
lshd jKkd fkdlrhs' zzkrlhsZZ lshd wjuka fkdlrhs' tg wdidj yd
;ryj re hhs'
f foa Y kh wjidkfha ta kd.hd wdpdh uka f .a wjjdoh
ms<smeug W;aidy .kakd njg m%;s{d ks' bkamiq fo;=ka kla Wkajykafia f kd.hdf.a is;
s ,s pdrka ishy' hlsis hqKj
q la olakg ,enqK's
;udf.a .=K hgm;a lsug Tyq Hh refh' tfy;a ta Hh jeu
kd.hdg uy;a fjfyila h' tneka h fya;=jla olajd tu .,a .=ydj
Wkajykafia yer .sfhah' fuh kd.hdg i;=gg ldrKhla h' kd.hd
iu`. ;snQ inkaOh bka yudr h'
f iso
a h w<,d fndfyda g Wkajykafia ksik
q g
a wjjdo wkqYdikd
l<y' ukqIH .;s.=K ms<sn| pdula bka ish' Tnf.a kqu msKsi f
isoah fmd;g wvx.= lf<'
fyd| fyda krl is;=,s bf is fkdf' th yg .kafka ;ukaf.a
ksrka;rfhka we;sjk mqre wkqjh' th p;fha ,laIKh f' wms Iag
is;s,s j,ska hqla; k iEu wjia:dfu tu Iag is;s,s ke.S isu
isf' th mqreoaols' wms ldreKsl l=i,a is;
s ,s j,ska hql;
a k iEu wjia:
dfu tjeks wysxil is;s,s ksrdhdifhka my< f' fuho mqreoaols' f
ksid .=Kj;a foudmfhda ;u orejkag b;d l=vd ld,fha mgka fyd| foa
j,g mqre lr;a' fuh je jhia .; jQ g l< fkdyelsh' fuh kqj;a
lka iqiq mirh" iqiq mqoa., wdY%h ;=<ska j.d jOkh l< hq;=h'
189
bf isug w;ayeh hq;= ke;'

b;d l=vd ld,fha isg orejka h h w;alS wkqj fm<fU;s'
mka;s ldurfha bf.kSu fuka fkdj fuh ksrka;rfhka isf' ld,hla"
iD;=jla wkqj is fkdf' mka;s ldurfha bf.k .kakd foaj,a j,g jvd
fuu w;alS j,ska bf.k .kakd foa is;g ld je fm!reI;ajh f.dv
kef.a' th ;u weia" lka" kdid bJsh ;=<ska ,nd .kakd w;alS f'
orejdf.a l ,E,a, ;u bJshkah' tys YS,dpdr nj ms<snq f' wYS,dpdr
njo ms<snqf' ksrka;rfhkau f .;s ,laIK ;u jeyshkaf.ka fyda
iudcfhka fyda hy ;%hkaf.ka ;u ukig .,d ta' tmuKla fkdj
''" lmshqg wdfhka yd fkdaodiajdo ;=<ska kk woyia Woyia
j,g orejka f.dre f' ier" mreI" .;s .=K b;d blauKska mqre f'
th l,a hdf Tjqkaf.a p;h njg m;af' tneka yeisu hkq tys
m%;sls%hdjhs'
iuyre ksrdhdifhkau fyd| foaj,g keUqre jk w;r iuyre
ksrdhdifhkau jer fkdfyd| foa lrd we h;s' ;udf.a w.=K j,l
hgm;a lsug ;r udkisl Yla;shla fyda wjYH;djhla ke;' th mqreoao wkqj isf' fyd| foa lsfuka ;ud fj; mefKk ,dN m%fhdack
.ek ye`.Sula ke;' tneka tjeks foa lsug W;aidy fkd.kS' w,i njg
m;af' ;u is;= me;= ksrjq,a ksrjoH f,i md,kh lsu b;d l=vd
ld,fha isg ilia ;sh hq;=hs' tg Tyq mqreoao" fm!reIh" yeisu wd
idudl wjYH;d kshu wdldrfhka is lrhs' b;d iqyo lSlre jevodhS
mqoa.,hka ys lsug uq,a wjfha jEh .; hq;=j we;' fuh is l<
yels fohls' kuq;a ksis wdldr mqyqKqj wjYH f'
kEu ls%hdjla id:l lr .ekSug mqyqKqjla wjYH f' ;u
/lshdj msKsi mqyqKqjla wjYH f' tfukau wfma uki" yoj; mqyqKqjla
,eh hq;=h' urKh olajd f mqyqKqj wjYH f' ;u is;e`.s bgq lr
.ekSug tu olaI;djh wjYHh' Tn f wjjdoh ms<smk g ;u ;h
b;d id:l jkq fkdwkqudkh' wdpdh uka fujeks foaYkd lrka ;u
YsIHhka ksis u`. f.k h;s' Ouhg wkql+, fuu foaYkh Tng;a h
m%fhdackhla f hehs fuu fmd;g wvx.= lr'
ry;ka jykafiaf.a msksu
190
wdpdh uka hx vd .,a .=ydf jdih lrK ld,fha Ndjkd

ks;s fndfyda fihska oYkh h' iuyr ks;s mqu t<jk iqh' bka
lla uu fys i|yka lr' uOHu rd;s%fhka miq km;du by< fof,dka
iy my< fof,dka fojre Wkajykafia fj; mefKa' Yd, ixLHdjla
iuyr g mefK;s' l,ska f,djla kshu lr .ks;s' ry;ka jykafia,d
meK Ou idlPd flfr;s' Wkajykafia,d ksremfYaI mksjdKhg
m;ajk whqre ia;r l<y' ka iuyr ry;ka jykafia,d tu hdx vd
.,a .=ydf msksjka mEy' wka iuyre fkdfhla m%foaYhkays msksjka
mEy' tu ia;rh fmr fkdweiQ rE wl Y%oaOd nqoah t<jkakls'
wdpdh uka f .a fuu ia ; rh wid uu u;hg m;a j q f k'
lkiai,a,g m;ajqfk' ugo weia" lka" kdid bJsh we;;a tjeks
;;a;ajhlg m;aug fkdyelsu wjdikdjls' wdpdh uka ms<sn| we;s
Y%oaOdj wiS;h' iuyr g uu l j.=rjka w~' iuyrg iskdfi' wka NsCIqka jykafia,d uu isysl,a we;ehs is;k neka wdhdifhka l fkdfy<' we;af;kau uf.a wNHka;rfha hlsis isys l,a
Ndjhla mej;=Ks'
ry;=ka jykafia,d iu`. wdpdh uka meje;a jQ idlPdjla ;r
.re .dNSr fohla f f,dalfha ke;ehs isf;a' uu uy;a Nla;s wdorfhka
tu mqj;a fuys i|yka lsug W;aidy .;s' tfy;a tys wre; yd rih
Tn fj; f.k taug ;r W.;alula ud ;=< fkdue;s neka iudjqj uek'
fuys olajkafka tu idlPdjkaf.a wxY= ud;%hla muKs'
zzishu ry;ka jykafia,df.a w;s fYaI ka;khla we;' th
woaN;
+ mqudldr ,CIKhls' tjeks wdfKsl jQ is;
= ,s mrmrdjla lsih
s
ksfil=g fyda fofhl=g fkdue;' nqoaO Ouhg wkqj fuu ry;a Ndjh
,nd .kafka b;du;a Ialr m%;sma;;s ;=<sks' hlsis pl%j;s rfcl=f.a
rdcOdksfha mek k.sk Yd, r;arka m;,hla fuka th pu;aldr cklh'
b;du ,N ;;a;ajhls' ry;ka jykafia,df.a jk rgdj idudkH
ksfil=f.a jk rgdjg jvd yd;amiskau fjkia f' th ;kslr Ouhls'
Wkajykafiaf.a Yrh wka ksfil=f.a Yrh fuka i;r uy N+;hkaf.
ka ie ,;a jqjo tu Yrh mj;ajk yoj; b;du;a m;% neka uq
isrero tu m;%Ndjh fiajkh lrhs'
Tn jykafiao tjeks iajNdjhls' kej; kQmk f,i ish flf<ia
j,ska k neks' tneka wry;a k f' kej; kQmk neka Tn
f,dalhdf.a msx fl;ls' f,dalhdg msx ,nd .; yels jk neka ish
191
mqo mQcdj,g iqiq f' wo wms Tn lSug meKsfha Tnf.a w;s YsIag
.=K iuqodhg Wmydr laugh' fndfyda wh wy;ajh i|yd h .;a
kuq;a ndOl bfha fkdkj;ajd f.k hd .ekSug fkdyels fj;s' ksia
f,dalfha ish fokd wkqkaf.ka Wmldr fidh;s' foumshka wd kEhskaf.
a inkaO;djh w.h lr;s' lsisfjla yqol,dj ;u ;h iajdk f,i
.; lsug fkdleu;s f' tneka ishu ksiaiq wruqKla ke;sj ta f
w; bnd.df;a h;a' tjeks kaf.a ixLHdj wkka;h' tneka ry;=ka
jykafia uq Yajhg Yd, Yla;shls' Tn jykafiaf.a w;s mdY=oaO
Ndjh ksiqka fohka nUqka yg ,enqK Yd, wdYsjdohls' Tn jykafia
yoj;ska Yaj NdIdjla l:d lr;s' th wkalsis NdIdjla wNsnjd woyia
laug yelshdjls' nqjre iy isms<sishd uy ry;=ka jykafia,d f
Yaj Yla;sh ;=<ska wka wh iu`. inkalrKh lr;s' Wo Wmldr
lr;s' wukqIHhka iu`. l:d ny lrkafka f Yaj Yla;sh ;=<sks' f
hg lshk foa jyd jegfyk w;r ukqIH NdIdj ;=<ska lshk foa jegfykafka iSud iys;jh'ZZ
f ry;ka jykafia ;u foaYkh wjia lr ;uka jykafia msksjka
mE wkaou ia;r l<y' ta iEu ry;ka jykafia kulau ;ud msksjka
mE bhj mj;ajd fmkakq l<y' iuyre noaO m,a,xlfhka iud
.; msksjka mEy' iuyre isxy fihHdfjka ol=Kq we,fhka ihkh
lr msksjka mE wkaou fmkakq l<y' iuyre ilauka uf iska
ksYap,j msksjka mEy' iuyre weka ilaufka msksjka mEy' ysk
iy ihkh lrK bh nyq, jYfhka fmkakq l<y' ilaufka fyda
isgf.k mskajka mdkafka l<d;=rlsks'
Wkajykafia,d msksu b;du ishq f,i fmkajk ,' wjidk fudfyd; f;la jQ isoah lajQy' yska msksjka mdk g mqka frdola fuka
uq isrer wm%dKsl my;a h' isxy fihHdfjka msksjka mdk fudfyd;
f;are .ekSug Ialrh' wdYajdi" m%dYajdi kej;Su muKla k .;
yelsf' kskaog jegqkdla fuka uq Yrh ksYap,h' wdYajdi" m%dYajdi
l%ufhka ishq ke;s hhs' ysg.k msksjka mdk g b;du iDcqj isg
j w; Wv ol=K w; ;nd ysi ;rula bhg kud weia mshdf.k Yd,
Ndjkd ukisldrhl fuka fudfyd;la ;s fyysg u jegqky' m<uqj
ysk bhjg je miqj mqka frdola fuka fmdf<djg my;a h' ilauka
lrka msksjka mdk g yh y;ajrla tyd fuyd ilaufka weo fyysg
fmdf<dj u; m;s; ksYap, h'
192
fuu ia;r fmkajk g tu ry;ka jykafia,d tla tla kula

wdpdh uka imhg meK w 6la muK ka isg b;d meye,sj ta
ksrEmdfYaI ksjka ,nk fudfyd; fmkakq l<y' tu oYk Wkajykafiaf.a isf;a fkdueflk oYkhls' Wkajykafia fuu ia;r lrk g uf.a
weia l<ska ms .sfhah' uu Ns;a;sh foi n,d isfh' wuq;= fokdjlska
.; is; lmd h' ta f,df hlsis fohla iso jqKs k f mqi;
a lhlg
ta isoah we;=<;a lsug isf' f ry;ka jykafia,df.a mksjdKh
b;d ,laIK iNdjkSh f,i isjqKs' idudkH ksid urKhg uqyqK
fokafka g yd;amiska fjkia wdldrhlgh' ta W;a;u jykafia,d iuq;s
f,dalfhka i|ygu iuq .ks;s' kej; Wmam;a;shla ke;' la mSvd wiyk
wIag f,dal Ouh blaujd .shy' fuh uyd ixfokSh wdYaphls' th
wid is ish fokdu fufia ia; jQ nj uu oks'
;=ka kula hdx v .,a .=ydf ry;a msksjka mEy' bka fokula
isxy fihHdfjka ie;fmk bhfjks' tla kula kula ilauka lrks'
;ud msksjka mE wkaou fmkaug fmr tu ry;ka jykafia ;uka msksjka
mdk wkaou .ek l,ska is;d u;d ;snqK nj ie,l<y' wdpdh ukaf.a
jegySug wkqj fndfyda ry;ka jykafia,d miq.sh Y;lfha ;dhs,ka;fha
fufia msksjka mEy' uu okakd ;rka ;=ka kula hx v .,a .=ydf
tla kula fjdx *rd pdka l uqfka tla kula f,dma nQj, tla kula
kfLdka kfhdla m%foaYfha L hhs ys" tla kula fldLd ia;s%lalfha
Od;=jx ydrfha fj;s' g jvd fndfyda ry;=ka jykafia,d msks we;s
kuq;a ug k . jYfhka u;l we;af;a fumuK f'
ksjkhkq nq mfia nq ry;=ka jykafia,d muKla m%;HCIlrK
Ou;djhls' ta iefjdu ;u ika;dkfha ish flf,ia kej; kQmkd
f,i relr we;' wka mqoa.,fhda ;u is;a ;=< flf<ia we;s neka ksjka
wjfndaO lr ke;' f wh ue f.dia kej; Wm;s' miam wd wl=i,a
lrK wh wmd .; wkka; la ;s' fo" nUqka ug b;d Ialr ksid
iq m%udKhla tys Wm;s' tfy;a ;sika wd wmdh f,dalj, i;a;ajfhda
fndfyda fj;s' ukqIH ;sika foaj wd;au j, wdidj" ;Kaydj rc flf'
tneka kej; kej; Wm' fuys ksudjla ke;' ksjk f whg wod<
fkdf'
j;aj ish nqoaOd W;=fuda flf<ia ixis|jd we;' tneka urK
fudfydf;a kej; iir bmug wdidj ke;' ;u Yrh ms<sn| jqjo
;Kaydj ke;' l=Kq hk Yrhla muKls' f Yajfha lsisu fohla .ek
193
wdidj ke;' kej; lu mdl ula ke;' yoj; ksoyiah' uqla;sh"

;a;hls' imqK i;=g" ;Dma;sh tys ,CIKhhs' iuq;s f,dalh .ek
lssishu n,dfmdfrd;a;= ke;' f w;smdY=oaO is; ;=, iuq;s f,dalfha
tlu mrudKqjla ms<n
s |j;a ii, ula ke;' lsis fohla .ek lkiai,a,la"
miq;e,a,la ke;s tu msis ika;dkh ioygu ks hhs'
ksjk hkq mqoa.,sl whs;shla fkdf' tkuq;a th nf,ka" fydfrka
lsisfjl=g wh;a lr .; fkdyelsh' th n,j;a fhka wIaGdkfhka
,nd .; hq;=f' f lsisjla fkdlr ksl ksjka ,efjdhs m%d:kd lr
,eh fkdyelsh' th bf isjkakla fkdf' wfma l:d kdhl jq wdpdh
uka fndfyda ry;=ka jykafia,df.ka yd Oufhka woaN+; hg Wmfoia
,nd .;ay' Wkajykafia ;dhs,ka;fha cd;sl jia;=jla jYfhka iu;
we;' f,dalfha fkdfhla foaYj, fn!oaOhkaf.a w;s f.!rj mqcdjkag md;%
we;' f ish,a,g fya;= jQfha Wkajykafiaf.a fkdmiqng Hhfhka
Ouh wjfndaO jk ;=re W.% m%;sm;a;s /lSuhs' i;Hh wjfndaO u ksid
;u is; ;=< lsisu fndrejlg bv ke;' ndysr f,dalh fndrej u; mok
we;s neka ta ish,a, neyer l<y' f,dalfha lsisjlska Wkajykafiaf.
a ika;dkh fi,ug fkdyelsh' Wkajykafia ia:djr ;;a;ajhls' tu
wdOHd;auh fkdfjkia f' ld,h wod< fkdf'
Odl hqoaO Nghd

hdx udhs m%foaYfha >k jkdka;rfha jdih lrK g lSm gla
wdpdh uka frda.d;=r h' urKdikak jQ wjia:do ;snqKs' ffjoH Wmfoia
u; Wkajykafia ishd k w;af;kau ;CIh jkafkah' Wkajykafia
j;a jQfha fnfykau ;u Ou Yla;sh ;=<sks' Wkajykafiag h wdndOhla we;s jQ ieKska Oufha m%;sldrl ;sls;aidj Bg reoaOj yg .kS'
tu frda.h tg iqjm;a f' f ksid f,dal iu; fjo fyol .ek
Wkkajla ke;' jhia.; Yrh n, jQ go zzOu ls;aidjZZ ;=<ska
m%lD;s iqjh ,nd .kS'
tla wjia:djl ;j;a fndfyda NsCIqka iu`. wdpdh uka l lrfha
uef,ahd jix.; ld,fha iQy' tla NsCIqjlg uef,ahd frda.h je<Ks'
tfy;a lsisu ffjoH m%;sldrhla fkd,enqKs' ;on, WK oji mqrdu ;snqKs'
wdpdh uka Wfoa iji f NsCIqjg WK neiSug iqiq Ndjkd Wmfoia Ks'
;uka jykafia tjeks Ndjkd ixl,amkd ;=<ska frda. ksodkh pdr;s' tg
194
frda.h uokh f' tfy;a ta NsCIqjg tjeks Yla;shla ke;' WK .;a g

m%;sldrhla fkdue;sj is' tg wdpdh uka Tyqg fodia lSy' Tn jykafia
zzuydZZ hk kduhg iqiafila fkdf' ulaksido Tnf.a kqu Tng wjYH
f,djg Wmfhda.S lr .ekSug fkdyelsh' fu;r la uykais zzuydZZ
ug ld,h kdia;s lrkjd' wka;sug lsisjla we;af;a ke;' Tnf.a kq
h wdldrhlska m%fhdack h hq;=h' ug ys;d .kak neye Tn fumuK
ld,hla bf.k .;af;a fudkjdo lshd lsisu jeo.;a fohla bf.k f.k
keye' ka Tn WK iE urKdikak we;' Tf kqfuka |la j;a
iykhla ke;' f kqu f fj,djg ke;ak l=ugo@ lsis f;areula keye'
uu lsisu md<s mka;shlg .sfha keye' uu bf.k .;af;a lu ia:dk my
muKs' th uf.a wdpdhjrhd Wmimod f lsh kakdy' th ;ju;a
ud <`. we;' uf.a ;h /l .ekSug ug wjYH tmuKhs' tkuq;a th ud
Tfnka j, lrkafka keye' Tn W.;a ;rugu j,hs' we;af;kau Tn
kQ.;a .Eksfhl=g jvd j,hs' Tn mqreIfhlao @ Tn zzuydZZ flfklao @
wehs fu;r fnd<| @ Tn f,v jQ g Tnf.a mqreI Yla;shla ke;' Tn
i;= lsis Ouhla o ke;' Tf mqreI wx. ia;S% wx. j,g udre lr .kq
uek' tg Tf Ydl mj;kho imQK Tn mkduh jkq we;'
Tn ia;s%fhla nj gqg Tf WK t;r Tng jo fkdfoa '
ud tk yeu gu ;udf.a ffOHh" wd;au Yajdih fjkqjg ug
olskakg ,efnkafka wd;au mydkshhs' uiqfrla fuka Tf Yla;Ska Tn
i`.jd we;' Tn md<s NdIdfjka W.;a luia:dk fufkys fkdlrkafka
wehs @ zzCLx wh ipxZZ hkak Tng jegfykafka flfiao @ tys w:h
frda.d;=r jQ g miq neiSuo @ wirK w~ka wud" ;d;a;d b,a,d isuo
@ Tng WK ord .kak ne k urKdikak fudfyd; bjikafka flfiao
@ Tng f lj;a f;are .kag neye CLdhH_ i;Hh f;are .kafka
flfiao @ f i;r wdHh i;Hh f;are fkd.;a flfkl=g f,!lsl la"
ixidrh ;rKh lrkag neye' Tf l yg.;a .i Tn ks mef .d
mrdch f' ka we;s ,dNh l=ulao @ZZ
fufia ;on, f,i fodia mjrd Wkajykafia ksIaYoj fudfyd;la
n,d ishy' Tyqf.a weia j,ska l rErd jef' blaukg h ksoyig
lreKq mjid t;ekska kslau .sfhah' zzNh fjkak tmd' blaukg iqj f'
uu fndrejg Tn rjgkag f foa lSfZZ lshd wia jeiQy'
f .ek rd;s%h mqrd kej; mqkrdj;kh lrka wdpdh uka fjk;a
hl m%;sluhla .ek l,amkd l<y' kak fnfy;a ier jehs' th
195
Tyqg Tfrd;a;= fokafka keye' miqod Wfoa isg Wkajykafia imQKfhkau

fjkia h' kej; lsis fgl tjeks mreI Ndjhla fkdlah' ks;ru
wdorfhka" lreKdfjka Wjukdjg jeh i;aldr lf<a g fmr lsis fkl
fkdlajQ wdldrhgh' jpk b;d uD fudf<dlah' meKs je.sfrkakdla
fuka Wfoa iji Wkajykafia iqyoj wdorh lah' th tu NsCIqjf.a j,
lug lu iekiSuls' iSks jgQ f fm;s Wfoa iji ,ef' frda.S NsCIqj
iy wka NsCIQka f ms<sn| w;sYh i;=gg m;a jQy' frda.shd l%ufhka iqj
w;g yereKs' udi .Kkdjla .; h' f m%;sldrh b;d id:l h'
NsCIqj imQK iqjh ,enqfh'
Wkajykafia fujeks w;s oCI ffjoHjrfhls' frda.shdg wjYH
fnfy;a m%;sldr okS' th kshu wdldrhg h hq;=h' uq,ska lajQ ier
Ndjh;a" miqj olajd uD Ndjh;a frda.h
s d iqj lsug wjYH jQfha hehs is;h
s
yelsh' wms jeks whg th b;d jkd mdvuls' tneka ish,a, fkdi`.jd
fuys jd;d lf<' hful=g wjYH k w.kd Wmfoia f mqj;ska Wlyd
.; yelsh' f jkdys wdpdh uka jeks w;s oCI ffjoH jrfhl=f.a m%;l
s dr
ud.hla f' h wjYH;djhla we;s jQ g Wkajykafia wls%hld fkd
;;a;ajh fydka jgydf.k tu wnqohg iqiq ms<sh fhdohs' Wkajykaia
frda.S jQ g fyda isf;a h flf<ia ke.S wd g ksIals%h bjikafka ke;'
tu m%ldYh .ek ;SCIKj fpkh lr iula fidhhs' Wmdfhys olaI"
nqoau;a iula fidhd tu wnqoh ke;sjk ;=re ls%hd;aul f' f
wdldrfhka Wkajykafiag meKs ish m%Yak ksrdlrKh l<y'
wdpdh uka iu`. is NsCIQka frda.d;=r jQ g ffjoH Wmfoia ug
fmr ;u Ndjkd Yla;sfhka frda. uokh lsug Wmfoia fohs' thu
luia:dkhls' ldhsl udkisl la mSvd foi n,d CL i;Hh wjfndaO l<
hq;=h' tu NsCIQka jykafia,d f,v frda. bfha wirK jQfha ke;'
;uka jykafiag je<k f,v frda. uokh lsug Wkajykafia
fkdfhla Ndjkd ukisldr Wmfhda.S lr .;ay' Ydl udkisl lg fya;=
idOl Ouhg wkqj fidh;s' fuh i;s m[a[d Wmu jYfhka mqre
lsuls' i;s m[a[df wvqjla ksid frda.h uokh fkdf hehs" i;s
m[a[dj ;j ;j;a hqKq l<y' tg fokdj" CL i;Hh bfha mrdch
f' CL i;Hh hkq mrud: i;Hhls' fokdj hkq fya;= m%;Hhkaf.
ka w;s jQ wks;H CL wkd;auhls' fufia n,j;a h wIaGdkh" i;s"
iumc[a[h" Y%oaOdj wd bJsh Ouh ;=<ka CL i;Hh wjfndaO lrhs'
196
f ksidu wdpdh uka ;u YsIHhkag fokdj .ek uiSug Wkka l<y'

urKdikak fudfydf;a we;sjk n,j;a fokdj bjiSug fuh fmryqrejls' fokdj bfha j, " Nh ix{d fkd i;siumc[a[fhka
tys w;s ;s%,CIKh fufkys l< yelsf' tg Tyqf.a ;h yd urKh
ch.%yKhls' fuh jkdys wdOHd;al hqO Nghdf.a ixl,amkd f' Tyq
;u is; ch.%yKh lrhs' is;g jy,a fkdf' Tyq W;a;u mqreIfhls'
w;sYh iekiSug m;af' fokdj bfha fkdhj uqyqK foa' Wkajykafia w;s YsIag p;hls' fkdmiqng W;aidyh" wrmsueiSu Wmdfha oCI
nj" nqoau;a" wjHdc" wjxl" ksNS; wd .;s.=K Wmu jYfhka olakg
,enqKs' tjeks p;hla wo oHudk fkdf' f yer jeia" jlK"
jH[dKh" mr ;a; cdkkh je ;snqK neka ukiska fkdfhla wh
iu`. l:d ny lr;s' woyia yqjudre lr;s' ;sika i;=ka" ksiqka" fma%;"
jH" n%yau" hu" kd. wd i;a;aj fldGdY j,g wh;a wh iu`. ks;r
ikaksfokh udOHhla ;snqKs' jH" n%yau" fma%; wd ishq Yr Wkajykafiaf.a iud is;g wruqKq f' ksiqkaf.a mqoa.,sl wdid" la .ek,s"
i;=g wd is;s,s mr;a; cdkkfhka olS'
NsCIQka jykafia,d i;sfhka f;drj is fkdfhla wjia:djka k
.kafka wdpdh uka ta wjia:dj oyd fmka jQ miqjh' iuyre Wkajykafia lshkafka ;uka .ekh nj kSug ;r isys kqjK ke;' Wkajykafia
bfha fkdish;a tu wdY%ufha fld;ek ish;a Wkajykafiaf.a mrug
yiqf' ;u is; ndysr wruqKq lrd f.dia is;=,sj, ishfyd;a ksielfhkau miqod WoEik th idlPdjlg ,laf' tu jrolrejd Wkajykafiaf.
a iroug ,laf'
Wkajykafiaf.a fcHIag YsIHhka fndfyda g f lreKq .ek ;u
w;alS m%ldY l<y' Wkajykafiaf.a wudkqIsl Yla;Ska ia;h'
wkqkaf.a is;a k .ekSug hkafka ksfIhls' ishu YsIHfhda i;sfhka
iskafka f ksidh' tla j;djla NsCIqjla wdpdh ukaf.a fpkh ms<sn|
WrK ishy' wdpdh uka tff,au m%Yakhg W;a;r ks'
wms md lrK ishu foa wdydr" fr ms<s wdh ilia h hq;=h'
wuqjH jYfhka myrKh l< fkdyelsh' j.d fldg iy,a ksmojd
;nd .; hq;=h' j brd h;= .d lmd NdKav ido;s' mqka fl kQ,a
;kd hd fr idod ks we lg,a io;s tfyu fkdfo @ fjd ksl
my< jkafka ke;' u<KS ksl is' w ksid ;u isrer mj;ajd .ekSug
wjYH fkdf' yeisu fjkia lsula ke;' wls%hld neks' u<Kshlg
197
.=rejrfhla fkdfhla Wml%u fhdod wkq nekq ug wjYH ke;' tfy;a

Tn iefjdu ka fj;s' .=rejrhdf.a wjjdo m%d:kd lr;s' tfy;a Tn
.=rejrhd .ek iel nh we;' jer fmkajd fodia lshk ksidh' .=rejrhd
lsij
s la fkdlshd is g lsis wjjdohla fkd,ef hehs lsh;s' th Bg;a jvd
kmqre fohls' wka;sf fudkjd lSj;a fkdlSj;a Tng kqreiaihs' Tnf.a
is;s,s tfya fufya wpdrj;aj yeisf' jfrda .ia mkskakdla fuks' ks;r
mksk g rp w;a;la wiq lvd jefgKq we;' Tng wjYH l=ulao @
jfrla fuka mek mek rp w;a;la lvdf.k jeugo @ NsCIqjla f,i
.=rejrfhl=f.a u`. fmkaulao @
iuyr g Wkajykafia wod< mqoa.,hdg fl<skau l:d lrhs'
;u is;s,s wpdrj;aj i;s yrKfhka nj fmkajd fohs' iuyrg
mqoa.,fhla i|yka fkdfldg jl%dldrfhka is;s,s .ek uihs' ka wod<
mqoa.,hdg mKsv ,ef' ;u is;s,s kej; kej;;a fyd,auka lrk j.
f;are hhs' tg ;uka ;u is;s,s j, ksu.akj fkdis' tys wks;H"
laL" wkd;auh ykd .kS'
iuyr g m%n, f,i ;u foaYkh lrhs' ; mQcdfjka ;u
m%;sm;a;s /lSu .ek ;uka jykafia idCIs fldg fmkajd fo;s
zzTn urK Nhska m%;sm;a;s w;ayeh g Tng tlajdrhla fkdj
kej; kej;;a fndfyda jdrj, Wmam;a;s urKj,g hg;a ug isf' urK
Nh blau jQ g Wmam;a;s urK jdr l l wvq wka;f
s imQKfhkau
ke;sf' kej; bmula fyda la ula ke;' uu ms<sfj;a mqrK ld,fha
;=kajdrhla ;o Ydl fokdfjka isys ke;s urKhg m;a kej;;a
isys ,nd f.k j;a jqfk' wo uu Tnf.a .=rejrhd fj' uu uf<a
ke;' Tn lsisfjla tfia isys ke;sj ue uefgk ;dla m%;sm;a;s /lafla
ke;' b;ska urKh .ek h jkafka ula ksido @ urKh hkq l=ulahs
w;alSula ke;s whg Oufha ydial fkdf;f' Tn Yajdi l<;a
ke;;a uu wjfndaO ,enqf f wdldrfhks' tneka uu Tng f,aisfhka
myiqfjka isug Wmfoia fokafka flfiao @ zzfyd| lEu lkak' ksokak lue,sl lrkak' tg flf<ia my hhsZZ fuh W.ka jkafka ke;af;a
f l%ufhka flf<ia uokh l< fkdyels neks' tjeks foa ksid flf<ia
fkdao fjhs'ZZ wms is;=f f NsCIQka uyd h f.k wms uokh lrhs
hkqfjks' tfy;a f wh yqiau .kakd u< kS jf.a' f yqiau .kak u<
kS j,g i<lkafka l=ulgo @ Nh jkafka l=ugo @
f foaYkfhka miq tla;rd NsCIqjla fufia is;hs' zzksjk ,nd
198
.ekSu isys ke;s urKh f;la h h hq;=k ta ksjk ,nd .ekSug

fkdleue;s fj' wka wh fuka f,dalfha we;s la bjid is' ug iEfyk
msi we;' uq f,daljdiSkau we;' urKh olajd Hh jeug leu;s
jkafka ljqo @ ;h la iys; nj ienEh' tfy;a isys ke;su ;r
urK lla ke;' isys ke;s we;af;a u<d;a ksjdKh yd u;a l=vq u
w;r fjkila ke;' ldgo fuh fka' ug k fka ke;' uu uefrkag
fkdleue;s fj' fjk flfkla ue jefgkq gqg jqjo ug urK Nh
we;s f' uu urKhg m;af l=ula fo @
wdpdh uka kej;;a foaYkd mgka .ks;s' th f.j;ah' tu NsCIqjf.a is;s,s kso hhs' zzTn ud Yajdi lrkafka ke;' yd Tf ysf;a uu
fkdaohg fndre lshkjd lshd Tn ud Yajdi fkdlrkafka k lreKdlr msg hkak' fuu wdY%uhg nrla Tn fuys / iskafka wehs @
ud Tng fuys meKSug wdrdOkd lf<a ke;' Tn leue;af;kau wdf' ta
ksid leue;af;kau hkak' nf,ka t<jk ;=re iskak tmd' Tn fuys /
isf jevla ke;' nq oyu foaYkd lf<a Tn jeks fudavhkag fkdf'
lidj;a ord isk NsCIqjlg Tjeks is;
s ,s lsif
s ia;a fhda.H fkdf' fn!oaO
NsCIqjg Ouh ms<sn| Y%oaOdj we;' Tnf.a iss;s,s m%;sm;a;s ud.hg
mgyeks neka Tn ud fyda Ouh woykafka ke;' Tn leu;s fia wdydr
mdk f.k ksodf.k iqjfia bkak' fuys iska Ndjkd jeug fjfyfikak
tmd' m%;sm;a;s wkqj Ouh wjfndaO jq g lreKd lr meK f fudav
kdls NsCIqjg wNsfhda. lrkak' uu fodfyd;a uqka k.d fohkaf.kao
Tng rdclSh f.!rj wdYsjdo ,nd fo'
hfula la ;rKh lsug urK Nh blau h hq;=h hkak ud lshkafka th i;Hhla neks' kuq;a th i;Hhla nj Tn fkdms<s.kS' Bg jvd
fyd|hs f f,dalfha la| ue kej; bm f iir ie ieu' tfiau
fjd th Tnf.a leue;a;' kuq;a fuys we;a Tn nq nK fndre lrkak
tmd' tfia l< g Tn nqrcdKka jykafiag i lgqjla wkskjd' th
wksl=;a whf.a uqla;sh j<lajkjd' Tn fn!oaOhkaf.a y;=frla fjkjd'
Tnf.a woyia jer muKla fkdj tjeks foa l:d l< g nqoaO Ydikh
kdY lrkjd' Tn fuys wdf nqoaO Ydikh /lSug lshd ud is;=f' uu
ys;=f keye Tn;a jekiS Ydikh;a jkid lshd' ka ug f;afrkjd Tn
wf.daiqfjla fuka ish,a, kdY lrk nj' Tnf.a is;s,s kau fjkia
lrkak' ke;ak Tn yd Tn iu`. ;j;a wh kdY f'
wm nqrcdKkajykafia ;=ka jrla isys ke;sj weo jegqKq nj
199
Oufha i|yka f' ksjka m%;HCI lsug t;r Ialr f' Tn th

Yajdi lrkafka keoao @ tfia k nqrcdKka jykafia fndre lSjdhs
is;kafkyso@ Tn jeks OQ;dx. NsCIqjla nqoO
a " Ou woykafka ke;ak Tng
ksia .=Khlaj;a ke;' Tf woyia yqiau .kak u< kshlg iqiqhs' l=Kq
.| .yk u< kshla flfia kuq;a yqiau .kakjd Tn l=ula lshkafkao
@ fudk ud.fhao hkafka @ g jvd fjkia ud.hla uu fkdlsh' f
;uhs nqrcdKka jykafia iy ry;ka jykafia,d .sh ud.h' g jvd
f,fyis Tn jeks olaIhkag .sh yels fjk;a ud.hla ke;' uu f
ud.fha .uka lrkafka uyK Wmimod jQ k mgka wo jk ;=re;a' f
Ouhg wkqj uu lshdfo'
ud is;k hg f ;uhs Wkajykafiaf.a b;du f.j;a foaYkdj'
ud fuys i|yka lr we;af;a tys fmd idm,hla muKs' fuys imQK
foaYkdj wvx.= ke;' wid is wh Nhska ;%ia; fmdf<dj m,df.k
hkag ;r ,ecdjg m;ajQy' ;u ; ld,h ;=< tjeks foa wid ke;'
;u woyia fl<skau m%ldY lsu ksid ish,a,kag w:h meye<sh' ms<s.;
hq;=h' ielhla ke;' fjk lsis fohla is;Sug ke;'
f foaYkfha i;Hh jegyS .sh tu NsCIqj imQKfhkau ;u woyia
w;ayer i;Hh ms<s.;ay' f jk g wdpdh ukaf.a foaYkd ,dYh
fjkia h' th m%lD;s iajNdjhg m;a iu.s ikaOdkhla njg m;ah'
tu NsCIqj i;Hh ms<s.;a nj wjOdrKh jQ g foaYkh iudma; h'
foaYkdjidkfha fndfyda whf.a liq l=iqjla we;' zzfu;r n,j;a
f,i wdpdHh uka l:d lsug fya;=j l=ulao @ f f.j;a foaYkhg
wod< mqoa.,hd ljqo @ ,s fldgka f.drjkakdla fuka ish fokdu
uqim;a jQfha hlsis fya;=jla u; h hq;=h' kslrefKa fujeks foa lSug
fya;= ke;' b;du;a meye,sj i;Hfhka i;Hh .,md f foaYkh l<y'ZZ
tg tu NsCIqj ;ud tjeks fkdukd is;=,s my< l< nj mdfmdpdrKh
lf<ah' idudkHfhka OQ;dx. NsCIQka ;u woyia Woyia i`.jkafka ke;'
h j/oaola wdpdh uka fmkajd ka g ;uka ta wod< mqoa.,hd nj lshd
is' NsCIqjlg fufia ;rjgq lrk g wka NsCIQka ;ukaf.a wvq yq~q .ek
pdrj;a fj;s' ;uka msKavmd;fha jk g fyda fjkh wjia:djl
hlsis wruqKla ;u is; w,jd .;a g ta .ek is;Sug" ;l lsug
m;a f' wdpdh ukaf.ka ta ms<sn| miqod fyd| nekqula wikakg jk
nj taldka;h' ;u ;%hka bfha tfia wikag isu uy;a ,ecdjg
lreKls' Nh ;e;s .ekSu fldmuKo h;a fj,;a' lmkhg m;afj;a' ysi
200
my; fy,d ;u wiqfkka ke.S isug fkdyelsj fj,k nj ish,a,kagu

fmfka' foaYkdjidkfha tu NsCIqj is;+ fkdukd is;=,a, ish fokdg
k .kag ,enqK g ish fokdf.au wkqlmdj ,ef' flf<ia iys;
mqoa.,hka fuka NsCIQka jykafia,d wjg mirfha wruqKq ksid fufia
is;=,sj, ksu.ak fj;s' ;u is;aj, we;s w;a; f.h kj;d .ekSug
;r i;sm[a[d u| u g fya;=j f' tfyhska ks;ru wdpdh ukaf.
a fodaIdfrdamKhg ,laf'
wkqkaf.a is;a k .kakd kqjK wdpdh uka m%.=K lr we;' ta
ms<sn| lsis ielhla ke;' wfma is;s,s j, je/oao fmkajd fok wkaou
iauh cklh' iuyrg ksy~ jkafka ta .ek l:d lsSu m,la ke;s neks'
tjeks wjia:djkays NsCIQka jykafia,d iekis,af,ka is;a' tfia fkdjqfka
k wm ish fokdu yqiau ysr la,dka; urKhg m;ajk nj ksielh'
uu o fujeks wjia:djkag ksrka;rfhkau m;ajqfk' ta uf.a isreKq
WoaOp is;a ksidh' f ish,a, bjid ordf.k Wkajykafia imfhys is
wm Ndjkd hqKqjg m;a jqfkuq' ta ;rjgq j,ska wm is; kshu wdldrhg
.uka lsSug mqre h' wkjYH foa blauKska isf;ka neyer f' ks;r i;s
iudfhka isug yelsh' ta ;=<ska ndysr wruqKq j, we,Su ke;sh'
th mqu weia nekauls' bka isjkafka" ;u isf;a l=i,;djh" oCI;djh
Wmu ;;a;ajfhka ke.S isg .=rejrhdg wNsfhda. lsuls' wka;sf
tjeks fkdukd is;a my<u imQKfhkau kj;S' isf;a iekiSu" iudh"
ksrjoH;djh wNsnjd hdu ksid ksNh f' ta mqoa.,hd ;=jlal=" lsksis
j,ska j;a hm;a fkdf' ndysr wruqKq ksid we;sjk wdf." ;Kayd" wdYd
idudkHfhka ke.S isk kuq;a ka WfmalaIdfjka kaokh lrhs'
m%Yakhla we;af;a fndfyda wh ksjk hkq fkdf;afrk fkdmeye,s
;;a;j
a hla f,i is;u
S h' tfukau isf;a wffOHhu;a wluKH ;;a;j
a hla
f,i is;Suh' f,dalSh foa .ek l:d lrK g ,efnk m%fndaOh ksjk .ek
is;Sfuka fkd,ef' ksjk m%;HCI lr ke;s neka ;uka mqre taldld
we,S" .e tys ke;' j;udk iudch muKla fkdj wfma u" mshd"
iShd" wd wd uq;=ka ;a;ka jqjo ksjk .ek je leue;a;la fkdlajy
Q '
wka whg o ksjk .ek Wkak fkdl<y' l,d;=rlska ojila mkai,g
f.dia is,a iudoka nK weiSug ;u mjqf,a wh Wkka l<y' Ndjkdj
l,d;=rlska Wmfhda.S lf<a ;udf.a ovnr is; fu,a, lsug" ikaiqka
lsugh' tg yeisu fyd|jk neks' tkuq;a ks;ru wjjdo kafka
f,dalfha j;a f ms<sfj<h' th wid ika;Dma;s jQ nd, mrmrdj tu
201
Wmfoia Ndr fkd.;ay'

ksielju fndfyda wh is;kafka ksjk hkq ksYaIo ;ekla f,ih'
tys ix.S; ;+Hh kdo ke;' fkdao ula ke;' tys ;u is; l=,au;a
lrk ixfokh lrk lsisjla ke;' tneka tys hdf wjYH;djhla
ke;' ksy~ ksYap, wmdhls lsisfjla ke;s Y+kH;djhls' mjqf,a wh kE
ys; ;=rka" Yo" jdyk" l=re kdo" iskyiSu" ye`u ke;s mdjls' lsis
w;lska leu;s h yels fohla ke;' f,dalfha hqKq jecug leu;s
wh ksjka lSug fkdleu;s fj;s' leu;s jQj;a ;u f,!lsl ldHh Ndrh
w;ayeh fkdyelsh' th jvd wjYHh' ksjka lSug yelsjkafka f,dalfhka
bj;a jQ f,dalh .ek lsis wfmalaIdjla ke;s whg f' ksjfka ;on, ye`.
S we;af;ao ke;' ke;af;a o ke;' m%udKh blaujd ,sys,a ula fyda
ula ke;' iunr Ndjhlska ;ekam;aula we;' th kshu uOHu m%;smodj
f' wdidj" n,dfmdfrd;a;=j" leue;a; ke;s neka f,!lsl iem m%;sfCIam
lr;a' f,!lsl iem ;u is; l<Ud wfmaCId Nx.;ajhg m;a lrhs' lsisu
fohla fkdfi,ajk ksjk b;d wk> ishq kaokhla ksrka;rfhkau '
fuh f,!lsl i;=g fuka f.drye`" woCI" wl=Y,;djhla fkdf' f,!lsl
i;=g hkq ks;ru fjkiajk" fkdmeye,s" iel iys;" Yajdi ;eh
fkdyels wdYdjkaf.ka Is; ;;a;ajhls' th fkdmeye,s uv j;=rls' th
Kq" weUq,a" ia" lsjq,a wd rihkaf.ka Y% wdydrhla jeksh' tu wdydr
wdudYfha frda." rug wmyiq w;Dma;su;a rildrlfhka hq;=f' ksu;
jeks u;a iajNdjhla we;s lrk w;r lEug rehla o ke;' ks;ru lEu
.ek ksiqka mr lrka f;dard .; hq;=h' fudk wdydr fyd|o keoao
hkak k .; hq;=h' tfukau ksid ;udg wruqKqjk foa .ek o ks;ru
fi,af,ka f;dard .; hq;=h' f f foa wjYHh" f wkjYHh' ;ud ka
,dN" m%fhdack ,nhs' ka w,dN ydks we;sf' wd jYfhka kqiqiq wruqKq
neyer lr fkd.;af;d;a ta ish,a,u is; ;=< /ia yoj; mSvdjg m;a
rer mSvkh jeks ;;a;ajhka yg .kS' f,dalh foi n,k g fujeks /ia
lr .;a wys;r lr is;=,s j,ska mSvd ula yeu ;eku olakg ,ef'
iajhx yslau .ek kqjKe;af;da m%ldY lr we;' ;ud ys;k" lshk"
lrk yeu fohlau ;u wruqKq imqrd,Sug .kakd jEhuls' ;ud ,nd .;a
ch.%yKh .ek kqjKe;af;da W~`.= fkdfj;a' hful=f.a Wmfoia ;udg ,enQ
,dNhla f,i i<l;a' iuyr wh fufia m%;sls%hd fkdolaj;a kqjKe;a;ka
wkqlrK lrk g wms nqoau;aj hqla;s.relj ;SrKhg t<fUuq' uOHia:j ;u isf;a wdYdjkag jy,a fkdfj;s' ;udf.a wdYdjka w;ayeug
202
.kakd m%h;akh ksid mqu iekiSula" ;Dma;shla ;s' nexl=f flda

.Kka ke;;a wfma wdoYu;a yeisu iy wh;a iq Okh ;ud fnfyka
i;=gg m;a lrhs'
olaI wh ;u ;h iykodhS f,i yd iduld f,i mj;aj;s'
oji mqrd Okh bmehSug ,efnk nj i;Hhls' tfy;a idOdrKj ,nd .;a
Okh ksid jvd ;Dma;su;a fj;s' wksh ud.fhka ,enQ Okh ;udg ienE
whs;shla ke;' tlu kS;sh f lu kS;shhs' luhg wkqj jer ud.
fhka Wmhd.;a Okh ksid wkd.; mdl uy;a la muqKqjhs' kqjKe;af;da
f .ek h Wmoj;s' tfy;a wms lsis nhla iella ke;sj tjeks ud.fha
f.fhka .uka lruq' wd;aud:ld;ajfhka ,efnk i;=g N=la;s uq'
tfy;a w;Dma;slr wdYdjka ksid lsisfia;a lska ksoyia fkdf' f ud.
fha fl;r .sh;a n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk iekiSu fkd,ef'
hdx udhs ys .; l< ld,fha Wkajykafiaf.a YsIHfhl= jQ c Lqx
Oufc NsCIqjf.ka fndfyda ,shq ,enqKs' tfy;a tka lsisjlg ms<s;=re
fkdkafkah' ks;ru tu ,smsj, i|yka jQfha kej; Wfodka :dks m%foaYhg
mefKk f,ih' f wdrdOkdj Wkajykafia ms<.
s ;af;a o ke;' 1940 c
Lqka Ouf NsCIqj Wfka :dks isg . ud.fha Wkajykafia fidhka
meKsfhah' ta wjia;df ishu ,sms j,g W;a;r ,enqKs' tu ish ,sms
,enqK nj;a lshjQ nj;a tys jeo.;a fohla ke;s ksid W;a;r fkd,S kuq;a
ka b;du zzjeo.;a ,shquZZ mK mskau ,enqK ksid ish W;a;r imhk
nj lshd isfhah' tg f foku iskdiqks'
c Lqka Ouf NsCIqj wdpdh ukag yels blauKska Wfka
;dys m%foaYhg mefKk f,i wdrdOkd lr isfhah' Wkajykafia jI
.Kkdjlg fmr tys iQy' tl, YsIHfhda ;ju;a Wkajykafia mefK;ehs
n,dfmdfrd;a;= fj;s' Tjqkaf.ka wdhdpkh u; fuys wd nj c Lqka
OufP NsCIqj kq kay' f wdrdOkdj m%;sfCIam l< fkdyels h'
1940 uehs udifha meK jevu lrf.k hk nj ie< lf<ah'
;uka jykafia f llr jkfhka kslau hk nj wid fndfyda rela
fojre iy N+ug fojre tfia fkdhk f,i ne.Em;aj b,a,d ishy'
ish foaj fldGdY fumuK ld,hla b;d i;=ka ika;Dma;sfhka l,a
f.jQfha Wkajykafia fuys jev jdih lrK ksid hehs mejiqy' ? oj,a
ld,fha Wkajykafiaf.a lreKd" ffu;S% yoj;ska ysfok lsrK oi w;
ys iqj t<jk ksid ish foaj iuQyh tlf,i Wkajykafia ms%h l<y'
203
Wkajykafia kslau .sh g tu i;=g" ikaf;daIh myj hkafkah' Tjqkaf.

a wfkHdakH in|;djh | jefgkafkah'
;uka jykafia fmdfrdka jQ m jeh hq;= nj wdpdh uka mejiSh'
NsCIqjf.a jpkh weoysh hq;=h' ;ukaf.a fmdfrdkaj bIag l< hq;=h' tfia
fndre fmdfrdka ka g iS,hg ydks isf'
uehs udifha wdpdh uka iy tu NsCIqj f m%foaYfhka kslauqKy'
hdx udhs ys j fc wx mkai,g Yd, r m%udKhls' th md .ukska
.sh hq;=h' Wkajykafia i;shla muK wdpdh W!ka iu`. j fc wx
mkaif,a kej;S ishy' tg tu m%foaYjdiSyq ;j ld,hla tys jdih lrk
f,i wdhdpkd l<y' tfy;a Wfdaka ;dks j,g wdrdOkdj ms<sf.k neka
th m%;sfCIam l<y' tys jdih l< c Lqka rdcl NsCIqj tk ffjYHdL
W;aijh ks;af;ka Ou foaYkd lrk fuka wdrdOkd l<y' f wjia:df
uu o tys is neka tu foaYkfha idrdxYh fuys i|yka lr' meh 3la
fkdkj;ajdu f foaYkh h' tu foaYkh fl;r is;a weo .;af;ahs
lsj fkdyelsh' th uf.a u;lfha fkdueflk foaYkdjls'
zzwo ffjYHdL mQfcda;i
a jhhs' fujeks ffjYHdL khkays nqrcdKka
jykafia fndai;a;aj jYfhka bmu" nqu ish' nq miqj msksu ish' fnda i;a;ajhkaf.a Wmam;a;sh wjfYaI whf.a Wmam;a;sh
fuka fkdf' fnda i;a;ajfhda bmu fya;= fldgf.k f,dalfha mj;sk
udhdld Wm;" ;" urK j,g m;a jQfha ke;' ;uka jykafiaf.a w
m[a[dj ;=<ska ksjka m%;HCI lr f Wm;a - ; - urK ms<sn| ryi
blaujd .shy' ;u ldHh wjika jQ g tu ialkaOhkaf.ka fjkah' tu
ialkaOfhda uyfndai;dKka jykafiag YS,h imQK lr .ekSug bjy,a
jQy' iq.; k jq ta iud inqrcdKka jykafia ;=ka f,dalfha .==re jQ
fial' ;u Yr ialkaOhkaf.ka iuq.ekSug fmr ;uka wjfndaO l< Ouh
f,dalhdg odhdo l< fial' f Ouh ka Wkajykafia ksfhdackh lrhs'
fuu ;Hd.h wmf.a Y%oaOd nqoafhka ys lrf.k ; mrjg ;nd /l
.; hq;=f' tk ta wkqj ms<smeh hq;=h'
wms ukqIHhka jYfhka bm we;af;a fmr l< l=i,a n,fhka nj Tn
okakjd we;' tfy;a ;udf.a ta l=i, Yla;sh kdY fkdlr .ekSug j.
n,d .; hq;=h' ta l=i,h hqKq lrka ;u .;s mej;= l=Y,;djfhka
hqKq fkdl<fyd;a wfma wkd.; ; kdY f' wfma ksia ;;a;ajh
wfydais kej; ksi;a njla ,nd .ekSug fkdyels ;r my;a #;
204
Wmam;a;shla Wreu f' Wmam;a;sh Wiia fyda my;a u f wkqj isf'

fufia wm k ish iem yd wm k laj,g fya;=j wmf.au lu
mdl nj is;h
s hq;=h' ka la k wh .ek my;a fldg fkdis;=j uek'
wmf.a lu mdl wkqj g;a jvd wka; #; Wmam;a;h
s la ysh yelsh'
f f,dalh yefudagu idOdrK we;;a wm lrK lu wkqj wfma iem
la we;sf' luh hkq mqoa.,sl odhdohhs' f ksid lsisfjl=g wjuka
fkdlrkak' my;a f,i fkdis;kak' hfula wkd: #; wirK
isk g ta foi n,d ;uka hlsis wl=i, lu mdl jYfhka fufia
#; h yels nj i<lkak' g;a jvd Nhdkl wmdh j, Wm; ,eh
yelsh' ;udg fujeks ;;a;ajhlska .e,ug fkdyelsh' lu mdl M,
u iajNdj Ouhls' wms ish fokdug lu lsf Yla;sh we;' f
#; mqoa.,fhda ljod kuq;a bka wms fuka iem k ;;a;ajhlg
meKsh yelsh' tg wmf.a krl lu wkqj wms Tjeks ;;a;ajhl
jeugo yelsh' Ydikh hkq nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a mKsvhhs' i;H
Ouhhs' f Ouhg wkqj ;uka yd wkqka ms<sn| i;Hh jgyd .; hq;=h'
f wkqj ;u .; hq;= ud.h l=ulahs ks;r is;kak' Ouh iudk fjk
lsisu ud.hla ke;'
NsCIqjla jYfhka j;a jQ ld,h ;=< ud ks;r m%;HfCId lf<'
ks;ru uf.a isf;a we;sjk l=i,a wl=i,a ykd .;ss' yeu fudfydf;au
uu l< Ndjkdj thhs' ;u is;s,s ksid lu isjk nj uu ka ksielfhkau l wjfndaO lr' f lu ;ud iajlSh fldg we;' ud
yqne| ud miqmi .uka lrhs' f .ek lsis ielhla ke;' f lufha
ls%hdld;ajh fkdokakd wh ;u ys;=ukdfma yeisfrka wkka; mydkshlg m;au lsisfjl=g je<elah fkdyelsh' f wh ;uka foumshka
ksid ;h ,en foumshkaf.a wkka; wdOdr Wmldrfhka j;a jQ kuq;a
foumshkag fkdi<l;s' lu mdl fkdokakd neks' ;udf.a wd;aud:
ld ;h .ek i fjk ;elSula ke;' th t;r wms%h n,kag;a ne
;;a;ajhls' ;ud fu;r ld,hla foumshkaf.a wdOdr ie<ls,s ,enQ nj
wu;l lr;s' fufia wkka; Wmldr lsu lu fkdjkafka k lu
lshkafka l=ulgo @ ;u Yrh ta ksid fmdaIKh ,nkafka ;udf.a fyd|
mdl ksid fkdfo @
ksid k iem la j,g fya;= we;' hfula ;u ; wdidj
ke;s lr fuday ka;kfhka ish mK ydks lr;ao ta wjia:df n,j;a
lu mdlhla Tyq yqne| mefKa' Tyq ;CIhg m;a jQfha ta ksidh'
kuq;a ;ud by; l< lu mdlhla ksid tjekakla isjqk nj Tyqg
205
ms<s.ekSug fkdyelsh' f ;;a;ajh l=ulao @ wkka; fudayh" woHdjhs'

wkaO N+; njhs'
wfma uq ;h luh yd ne we;' wfma by; luj, mdl
yeu fudfydf;au wm lrd mirfhka mefKkakdla fukau wms yeu
fudfydf;au w;a lu is lruq' f nj Tn fkdokafka k Tn urKhg
lem jQ fjls' Tng .e,ula ke;' luh wm miq mi tkafka iajdhd
miqmi tk n,af,l= fuka fkdf' th fkdje<elah yels mdlhls'
;uka iska is;ska jpkhska ls%hdfjka yeu fudfydf;au lu Wmojkq
,ef' ujkq ,ef' ksudKh lrkq ,ef' uq f,dalfha ish fokd k
iem la tys mdl fj;a' f nj Tn fkdokakd h yels jqjo th Tn
kafkls lrkafkls' f fkdokakd nj ;kslr fudayhls' fudav luls'
uq,djls' fufia fudayhg m;aula lu mdlhls'
uu fndfyda ld,hla isg wdpdh uka .ek w;sYh meyeula ;snQ
neka f foaYkh wjOdrKfhka weiqfj' ta fudfydf;a ug ,enqKq
wdYajdoh" iekiSu fld;ro h;a iud iqjhlska wyfia mdfjkakdla fuka
kqKs' f Ouh fl;r weiqj;a u hehs is;=Ks' ud f bka iaj,amhla
i|yka lrkafka Tn luh .ek fkdokakd foa k .ekSugh' luh hkq
ij idOdrKh' tneka Tnf.a lu mdl .ek f wkqidrfhka fndfyda
lreKq t<sor h yelsh'
f foaYkfhka miq wdpdh uka ke.sg nq ms<suh bmsg je| je
wdpdr lajQfhah' ^ta Lqka rdcl NsCIqj& tu foaYkh wid fndfyda fokd
w;sYh i;=gg m;a jQ nj lshd isfhah' wdpdh uka f Wkajykafiaf.a
wka;su foaYkh h yelsh' ;ukaf.a wdhqI f. j, hk ksid hehs
mejiSh' f wdldrfhka ;uka jykafia kej; hx uhs foig fkdtk nj
jod<y' th tfiau h' Wkajykafia kej; tys fkdmeKsfhah'
l kla j fc wx wdrdufha jdih lr Wkajykafia nexfldla
n,d msg;a h' fidfv *rd uydrfjdx NsCIqj iy wksl=;a fcHIag
NsCIQka iy .sys msi Wkajykafia legqj h m<g .shy' fojre Yd,
msila ta iu`. .shy' fojre wyi jefykag ;r y;r jf ms is
nj wdpdh uka mejiSh' h m<g meKs miqo ta foaj iuQyhd wyfia
isr ishy' hg ke.S hk ;=re;a n,d ishy' ta wjia:dj l,n,
iys; h' n,d isk whg wdYsjdo lsu iy Tjqkaf.a je ms o l:
d ny o weiSug h' ta w;r wyfia ieirK fohkago wdYsjdo l<
hq;= h' meK is ksiaiq f nj fkdoks;a' .syshkag l:d lr bkamiq
206
fohkag imQK wjOdkh fhduqh' f ish,a, wjika jQ g h

.uk wdrN h'
Wkajykafia uy;a ixf.hg m;a jQfha ta fo le< .ekh' ta wh
t;r wdor Nla;shla mskeuQ h ia;h' ksiqka yd iudk wdor
f.!rjh mqo l<y' h .uka lrk g miqmi wyiska j;s' wka;sf
Wkajykafia l:d lr ta foaj iuQyhdg ;u udk j,g hk f,i kq
Ks' Tjqka kej;=fka uy;a wdkafoda,khlsks' kej; Wkajykafiaf.a meKSu wfmalaId lrks' kuq;a ta whf.a is;= me;= tfia is fkdh'
wdpdh uka ta m%foaYhg fkdmeKsfhah' Wkajykafia is Wfdka ;dks
yd ifLdka kfLdka m%foaYhg ta fojre meKs nj k Wkajykafia wm
iu`. fkdlSfh'
ne xfldla
k.rfha j fndfrduksj wdrdufha wdpdh uka

kej;=Ks' fidfv *rd uyd frfjdx NsCIqj fg,s.%E l< wdldrhg
tys l kla kej;S Wfdka ;dks j,g hdug ksh;h' fuys fndfyda
fokd wjq;a m%Yak wikakg h'
m%Yakh ( ug wdrxhs' Tn jykafia NsCIqjf.a 227 kS;s rlskafka
ke;' tlu kS;shla muKla rlss;s' fuh ienEjo @
wdpdH uka ( tfiah uu rlskafka tlu kS;shhs'
m%Yakh ( l=ulao ta kS;sh
wdpdHh uka ( ta uf.a is;
m%Yakh ( b;ska kS;s 227 rlskafka keoao @
wdpdh uka ( uf.a is; rlskafka' tg nqrcdKka jykafia mek jQ
kS;s 227 muKla fkdj Bg jvd kS;so /fla' ulaksido ud jpkh ls%hdj
bfu rlsk nejks' tfia Yajdi fkd.kakd wh we;;a l ke;' uu
Wmimod jQ k mgka uf.a is; yslaujd .;s' ys; hkq lh yd jpkfha
ysldrhdh'
m%Yakh ( bka woyia lrkafka is,a wdrlaId lsug ys; yslauh hq;=
207
hehso @
wdpdh uka ( fjk fudkjd yslu
a h yelso @ is; i @ u< kshlg
;rhs ys;la ke;af;a' ta ksid lh" jpkh yslauula ke;' u< ksh" lh
jpkh yslauj jkafka ke;af;a h f;kdjla ke;s ksid nj kqjKe;af;da
oks;'s u<ksfha is,a /lSu hkq u< fohls' ud m%dKj;a flfkls' tneka u<
kshla fia lh jpk yslaujkafka flfiao @ uf.a l=i,;djfhka f;kdj
rlsk g lh jpkh yslaf' tg ish kS;S wdrCId f'
m%Yakh ( uu okakd ;rka iS,h hkq lh" jpkh yslauuhs' ta ksid
is; yslauu iS,hg wh;a ke;' tneka ta m%Yakh weiqfj'
wdpdh uka ( iS,hg wod< jkafka lh jpk yslauuhs' tfy;a
lh jpk ls%hd;aul lrkafka l=ulao @ tys ksud;Djrhd ljqo @ yshd"
m%Odkshd ljqo @ is; ksid hful=f.a lh jpk yiqrejhs' lh jpkh
;ukag;a wkqkag;a i;=g iekiqu ,ndfok f,i yeisrug m%Odk jkafka
is;hs' is; iEu ls%hdjlau md,kh lrhs' is; ke;sj lsis ldHhla l<
fkdyelsh' fyd| oCI fohla lsug fyd| oCI ys;la wjYH f'
wikSmhla iqjlsug frda. ksodkh fih hq;=hs' bkamiq frda.
ksodkhg fnfy;a l< hq;=hs' tg frda. ,CIK bfu ke;sf' tfukau
iS,h /lSug is; md,kh l< hq;=hs' ke;ak tu ls%hd ys,a iys; levqKq"
Kq" lvjqk ls%hdf' ulaksido md,kh fkdjQ is; ksidh' tneka Tyqf.a
iS,h levqKq Kq mjk iajNdjhls' iar fkdf' Yla;su;a fkdf'
fujeks iS,h ksid ksid wruqKla ke;sj ta f w; md hhs' tjeks wh
ksid Ydikh mydkshg m;af' th ;udg i;=g t<jkafka ke;s w;r
<`. weiqre lrkakkaf.a f.!rjhg m;a fkdf'
uu ljodj;a bf.k f.k ke;' uf.a uyK fuka miq ta wdpdh
jrhd OQ;dx. NsCIqjla f,i ud le,E m%foaYfha llrhg f.k .shy' uu
Ouh bf.k .;af;a .ia je,a j,ska" ;Kfld< j,ska" .x.d we< fod<"
l fy,a" .=yd j,ska' l=re kdo" jk i;=kaf.a Yo" iajdNdl mirh
;=<ska' uu ;s%msglh lshjd iS,h .ek wOHhkh lr ke;' Tng uu ka
ms<s;=re uf.a ta fm!rdKsl im%odfhks' Tng Ydia;S%h ms<s;=rla fokag
;r ug kqula ke;' tneka uu nelu ms<s.kafk'
m%Yakh ( iS,fha iajNdjh l=ulao @ we;af;kau iS,h hkq l=ulao @
wdpdh uka ( ;udf.a is;=,s .ek wjOdrKh lsu fudk foa
208
is;Sug iqiqo @ fudk foa is;Sug kqiqiqo @ wms yeisfrkafka flfiao @

wfma is;=,s" jpk" ls%hd flfiao @ f ;=ka fodr md,kh lrf.k idOdrK f,i yeisfrkjdo @ f ;=ka fodr md,kh lsfuka wfma yeisu
wdoYu;a fo @ onr fkdyslauqK Yla;shla fkdfmfkao @ fufia ;udf.a
YsIag;ajh" ixialD;sh jeo.;alu yeisu u; iS,h lah hq;= w;r tu
mqoa.,hdf.a is;s,s yd yeisu fjka l< fkdyelsh' iS,h fufia fjka
l< yelsk lv idmamqj, iS,h lsKSug m;ajkafka g fndfyda by;
ld,hl isgh' tg hful=f.a YS,h fydr i;=rka whs;s lrf.k Yd,
,dN ,ndf.k lsKkq we;' ;udf.a nvq uqgq fidr i;=rka .kakdla fuka
;udf.a YS,ho fidr uer lka .ks;s' tg ;udf.a YS,h wka NdKav fuka
mj;ajd .ekSu b;d Ialr f' fn!oaOfhda iS,h jvkag fkdleue;s fj;s'
ulaksido fidr i;=re Wmj ksidh' ienkau iS,h hkq iaiS,Ndjfhka
jk w,dN ydks yd is,j
a ;a fuka jk ,dN lS;s" m%Yxid f' iS,fhka fjka
jQ g fujeks Nhdkl mdl f.k fok neka uu lsis fgl iS,fhka
fjka fkd is' hfula iS,fhka neyer fkd is k Tyq hk tk ;eka
i;=ka ikaf;daIfhka is' l=ula l<;a ;u iS,h ke;sf hehs ielhla ke;s
neks' hfula iS,fhka fjka isk g uy;a lg lkiai,a,g m;a
urKfhka miq fma%;hka ;ud zztl;= l< YS,hZZ .ek ;Kaydjg m;afjkq
we;' iuyre ;ud tl;= l< Okh urKska miq wrlaf.k bkakd fma%;hka
jeksf' iS,h ;udf.ka fjka l< yels k tjeks ;;a;ajhla Wodf'
mmQK wd;au Yajdih

tla kla j fndfrduksj ydrfha ia:r kula wdpdh uka
iu`. idlPdjlg leu;s h' ^wdpdh p Lqka Wmd,s& Wka jykafiaf.
a m%Yakhlska idlPdj werUqKs'
Tn jykafia llrfha >k jkdka;rfha wka NsCIQkaf.ka yd ksiqkaf.ka ysia yqol,df isk g ;u Ndjkd ms<sn| .egjla we;s jQ
g th i|kafka flfiao @ uu jdih lrkafka fndfyda W.;a OuOr
NsCIQka jdih lrk k.rfha neka fndfyda g ug ta whf.a Wmldrfhka
h .eg ksrdlrKh l< yelsh' tfy;a iuyrg ih fkdyels
.eg we;sf' lsisfjl=f.ka Wmldrhla .; fkdyelsh' tfia fyhska Tn
jykafia ;ksju ish .eg i|d .kafka flfiao @
209
wdpdh uka ksNhj ms<s;=re ks' Tn jykafiag ms<s;=re fokafka

mmQK wd;au Yajdih u; msysgd f.kh' f Yajdih f.dv ke.=fKa
m%d:l iajNdj Ouh yeoEfuks' uu Ouh ks;r foff,a m%Yak lr'
ksok wjia:dj yer wka yeu fudfydf;au Ouh fidh' kskafoka msk
.i Ouh fidh' .eg .ek uf.a isf;a ksrka;rfhka ;l ;l
we;' mrK .eg i g w;a .eg mek k.S' tl m%Yakhla i
g iuyr flf<ia is hhs' ;j;a m%Yakhla we;s jQ g ;j;a flf<ia yg
.kS' iEu wdldrhlu m%Yak" " jl%dldr m%Yak" f;are .ekSug fkdyels ixlSK m%Yak ish,a, yg .kafka isf;ah' m%Yak iu`. igka lrkafka
is;h' we;af;kau is; hkq flf<ia igk" igka jk hqo u f' flf<ia
hgm;a lsu" mrdch lsu hkq m%Yak ksrdlrKh lsuhs'
wkd.; m%Yak ksrdlrKh lsu .ek uu fjfyi fkdfj' uu
Wkka jkafka j;udk .eg ;u flf<ia ksid yg .kakd gh' ta ta
wjia:df yg.;a flf<ia ta ta f,dfu ksrdlrKh lr' uu wka
lsis NsCIqjlf.a Wmldrh ksid uf.a flf<ia .eg i|d .kafka ke;'
uf.au i;s" m[a[d b;d blauKska m%Yakh ksrdlrKh lrhs' ks;ru uu
nq jok ms<sm' zzw;;dks w;;fkd kdf:dZZ - ;ud ;udf.au uqla;s
odhlhdh' tneka uf.a isys kqjKska m%Yak j,g i fidh' fmd;
mf;ka fidhkafka ke;' Ouh" i;s" m[a[dj ish m%Yak ksrdlrKh
lrhs' iuyr m%Yak b;d ixlSrKh' tajd ms<sn| kej; kej; pdrd
wka;sf i;s m[a[dj,g yiqf'
wkqkaf.a Wmldrfhka uf.a m%Yak iug wjYH ksid uu ta wh
wdY%h fkdlr' ;ksu jdih lsu Bg jvd myiqjls' ;ksj ;u is; lh
iu`. iSu ksid ;Dma;su;a fj' urK fudfyd; meK g w;aykag
lsisjla ke;' uf.a yqiau kej;=k .i ish foa wjika f' Tnf.
a m%Yakhg fufia ms<s;=re u .ek iudjqj uekj' uu Y%dia;S%h f,i l:d
lsug fkdoks' uf.a w;alSu muKla oks'
m%Yakh weiQ tu wdpdhjrhd ta ish foa .ek tlfy,d tl`. h'
zzTn jykafia iqfYaI mqoa.,fhls' >k jkdka;rfha yqol,d jdih lsug
yeu w;skau iqiafils' Tn foaYkd l< Ouh fmd; mf;a i|yka ke;'
fmdf;a i|yka Ouh iy isf;a wjfndaOh ksid jk Ouh fjkia f'
uq,a wjia:df nq jok ,Sf wjfndaOfhka mmQK ry;ka jykafia,d
isks' tfy;a miqj Ouh ms<sn| ,sh we;af;a tjeks mdY=oaO wh iska
fkdf' tneka uq,a foaYkd ka ;kql we;' ta ksid Tn w;alSfuka
210
foaYkd lrK Ouh ka fmd; mf;a i|yka Ouhg jvd ms<s.; hq;=f'
f ish,a, zzOuhZZ kka ykaj;s'
uf.a fudav m%Yakhg ,enqK ms<s;=r .ek lsis ielhla ke;' tfy;a
ta fudav m%Yakh fyd| fohls' ulaksido fujeks kq iNdrhla ,nd
.ekSug fya;= u ksidh' uf.a fudavlu l=Kd uy;a m%{dj , .;s'
uf.a fudayh w;ayer m%{dOkg ,nd .;s'
tfy;a ug ;j tl m%Yakhla we;' h h NsCIQyq nqrcdKka
jykafiaf.ka lugyka ,nd m%;Hka;hg f.dia ;ksj mqre lrK wjia:
df mek ke`.=Kq m%Yak j,g i ,nd .ekSug ka g nqrcdKka
jykafia yuqug mefK;s' nqka jykafia ta ish,a, i ka miq ta
NsCIQyq kej; yqol,df mqyqKq fj;s' tjeks ksrdlrKh lr ka m%Yak
fudkjdo @
tjeks w;s fYa%IG
a W;=ful=f.ka CIKhlska i ,nd .ekSug yels
g ;uka ;ksj fjfyfikafka l=ulgo @ tfy;a b;d r neyer k th
jqjo ls%hd;aul l< fkdyelsh' tg ;ukau tu m%Yakh iug Hh
.; hq;=h' th ;ksj i|d .ekSug l,a.; h yelsh'
nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a ij{;d {dkfhka h h .eg ksrdhdifhka ih yelsh' tneka tu YsIHh NsCIQyq tfia m%Yak i|d .ks;s'
wo nqrcdKka jykafia judkj jev iskjd k uu o tys hdug yels
k f.dia ta i ,nd .;s' tg uu ;ksj fndfyda fjfyi h hq;=
ke;'
tfy;a ;ksj i ,nd .ekSu iqiq jkafka wjidkfha wjfndaOh
,nkafka ;ksj neks' oCI .=rejrfhla is k blaukg wfma wjfndaOh ,eh yelsh' ;ksj ksrdlrKh lrK g wkqudk {dkfhka kej;
kej; pdh hq;=h' th Ialrh' tfy;a ug fjk iula fkd;snqKs'
ug je je ke.skag ish' fndfyda jer u;s u;dka;r" ks.uk j,g
meKqfk' tfy;a tys jkdlu jQfha wm%;sy; ffOHh yd wIaGdkh
n,j;a uhs' fuh ;ka ls%hd;aul jQ ksid uf.a f.dfrdaiq ;a;h iqug
h' uD fudf<dla h' wka;sf th b;du ksjer h' tg ud iunr
h' m%;sm;a;s WfmalaId iy.; h' fuh ;=<ska iajNdj ,laIK kso
lafl' Ouh lafl' tu ia:rhka jykafia ;j fndfyda m%Yak
weiQ kuq;a m%Odk jYfhka weiQ m%Yak muKla fuys we;=<;a lr uu wks;a
m%Yak i|yka fkdlr'
211
wdpdh uka nexfldla ys jdih lrK ld,fha fndfyda fmdfydi;a

.syshkaf.ka odkh msKsi wdrdOkd ,eh' tfy;a tu odkfhka miq ;u
Ydl jev lsu wmyiq neka th m%;sfCIam l<y'
l ld,hla nexfldlays isg kfLdka rpcisud m%foaYfha fldar kqjr
n,d msg;a h' tys j md i,jka wdrdufha jdih lrk g fndfyda wh
Wkajykafiaf.ka m%Yak weiSug meKqks' bka tla m%Yakhla Wkajykafia
ug lSy' th uf.a u;lfha fyd|dldr / we;' fndfyda lreKq ug
wu;l jqjo fuh ljod kuq;a Wkajykafiaf.a jk m%jD;a;sh wvx.=
l< hq;= hehs ug tg woyila my< h' m%Yakh jQfha wdpdh ukaf.a
wjfndaOh .ekh' we;af;kau Wkajykafiaf.a m%isoahg wkqj tjeks wdh
mqoa.,fhlao @ m%Yakh wik ,oafoa luia:dk ms<sn| fndfyda w;alS
we;s flfkla isks'
m%Yakh ( Tn jykafia fldar kqjrg meKsfha fuys isk odhl
msig wkq.%y msKsio @ ke;fyd;a u.a. M, ksjk Ydlaid;a lsugo @
wdpdh uka ( zzuu hula laf.k fokafkao lror f.k fokafkao@
tjekakla fkdfidhZZ hs - lsis ielhla hla ke;sj ms<;
s r
= e ks' l=i .skf
a -
212
hH
widudkH m%Yak
nqoau;a ms<s;=re
kka fmf<kakka ;ukag bjish fkdyels neka kEu wdydrhla fidhka
tfya fufya h;s' th fyd| fyda krl fjd wka;sf tu wdydrh rjd
.; fkdyels h yelsh' tfy;a ug tjeks wjYH;djhla ke;' fudayhla
o ke;' fudayh ke;s whf.a fiulao ke;' ieugu ;u is; ;Dma;su;a
;sf' tneka wjYH jkafka l=ulao @ fijKe,s w,a,kag hkafka th
fijKe,s nj fkdokakd wh fj;s' p;=rdHh i;Hh taldka; i;Hhls'
th ish fokd flfrys oHudk f' f i;Hh okakd uu uq,djug m;a
fkdfj' b;ska uu l=ula fidhkafko @ uu ;ju;a m%dKj;a fj' fndfyda
fokd uf.a Wmldr fidh;s' ta whg uu Wmldr lr' tmuKls' ueKsla
fidhd .ekSu myiqh' tfy;a yojf; Ouh we;s fyd| ksiqka fiu
Ialrh' tla iodpdr imkak fyd| ksfila f,dalfha ishu Okhg jvd
j' ulaksido ta ishu Okhg jvd fyd| ksidf.ka f,dalhg jk fi;a
Ydka;h
s je ksidh' tlu mqo.
a ,fhla fl;r f,dalhg iduh" i;=g f.k
fokafkao @ iud inqrcdKka jykafia iy ry;=ka jykafia,d fujeks
wdYaphu;a mqoa.,fhda fj;s' fyd| lu , uqo,aj,g jvd jgfkah' ta
iS,dpdr .=Kj;a ksid ksid wjg isk ish fokd i;=ka idufhka j;a
fj;s' mam;a jqjo iem ;s' tfy;a fudavfhda , uqo,a fidhka ;udf.a
.=Kj;a lj,ska msfy;s' ;ukaf.a lu mdl .ek is;Sug kqjK ke;'
;uka fl;r Iag" rdpdrfha fhk;a tys mdl fkdoks;s' wmdfha
isk Iag hCIhka ;uka uyd Nhdkl la ka ;sikqkag Nhdkl
la muqKqj;s' wmdfha jdih lr wka; ;si;=ka f,i Tyq fkdokS' tjeks
Nhdkl ksiaiq o we;' ta fudav ksiaiq fudk h wmrdOhla fldg fyda
uqo,a ,nd .ks;s' ta mldrhkaf.a lu wmdh nexl=f ;ekam;a we;'
ta whg ta ksis o~qj wmdfha ,ef' l=i,a fyda wl=i,a w;r mr;rhla
we;' fyd| krl w;r o wdOHd;al .=Kh yd fN!;sl Okh w;ro wyi
fmdf<dj fuka mr;rhla we;' kqjKe;af;da f ms<sn| .eUqka wjOdkh

l< hq;=hs' m%udo h hq;= fkdf'
wjidkfha wm k iem la f lu mdl u; isf' ;u
lu mdl ms<s.kajd yer bka ula ke;' la mdl meKs g ta .ek
m%Yak lsula ke;' th ;uka n,y;aldrfhka je<| .kS' iqkd jHikhg
yiq jQjdla fuks' f lu mdl ksid j;a jk i;a;ajfhda tlsfkldf.
ka fjkia f' Wmam;a;sh" Yr ,laIK" .;s.=K mjd wdfKsl jQ lu
mdl f' th wfma ffojh yd ne mj;S' tys j.lSu ;ud i;=f' tajd
;udf.au lu mdl neks' f lu mdl Ndrh wm h hq;=h' fyd|
fyda krl" iem fyda l" fjd wka whg mjrkag fkdyelsh' wm ika;l
odhdo f' lu kS;sh ksiqka iod.;a iuq;shla fkdf' th tla tla
flkd ;ks ;ksj l< fohls' f m%Yakh Tn weiqf wehs @
zzug iudjkak' Tn jykafiaf.a .=K" lS;s" jKkd ud fndfyda wid
we;' NsCIQka jykafia,d yd .sys wh ta ms<sn| m%ldY lr;s' Tn jykafia
wjfYaI NsCIQka fuka fkdf Tn jykafiaf.ka Ou l:djla weiSug uu
mq, mq,d isfh' ta ksid f m%Yakh weiqfj' uu weiQ wdldrh jer
h yelsh' tneka th Tn jykafiag fjfyila jqkshs fkdoks' uu
wjqre .Kkdjla fkdlvjd m%;sm;a;s /lafl' uf.a is;= me;= f
ld,h ;=< b;du;a iekis,sodhl" iduld we;' uf.a ;h M,odhs
we;af;a nqoaO Ydikh yuq jQ neks' wo uu fujeks wk.s Ouhla
Tn jykafiaf.ka weiqfj' b;d ir," ksjr" ixfCIam jdlH j,ska Tn
jykafia woyia m%ldY l< wkaou ud u;hg m;a lrhs' flf<ia iys;
mqoa.,fhl= jQ uf.a iel wo fndfyda fihska re we;' ka u;=jg uf.a
m%;sm;a;s ;ksju f.k h'ZZ
zzTn m%Yakh weiQ wkaou ksid uu tfia ms<s;=re ks' we;af;kau
ug lsis fohla wjYH ke;' uf.a fudayhlao ke;' uu lsisjla fkdfidh'
uf.a ms<sfj;a mqrK ld,fha iel ;snqKs' ud.h yd ms<sfj;a ms<sn|
ks;r fijqfj' yqol,dju Hh jvka urKdikakj weo jegqKs' l
uqkaj, >k jkdka;rj, yqol,d Ndjkd lrk g fndfyda .eg u;=h'
tajdg ;ksj i fifj' ka ta ish,a, wjika we;' ta ld,fha
ud ms<sn| lsisfjla fkdoks;s' ka ka fndfyda wh m%Yxid lr;s' ud
urKh yd igka jka ms<sfj;a mqrK ld,fha lsisfjla m%Yxid fkdl<y'
f .ek lSugj;a j;a fhs fkdis;=fj' fufia ;=ka jrla isys ke;sj
weo jegqks' ka fndfyda ld,hlg miq fkdfhla m%Yxid ,n' bka we;s
214
widudkH m%Yak - nqoau;a ms<s;=re
jevh l=ulao@
Tn ;=< ie`. we;s oCI;d l=ulahs ykd .ekSug wjYH k
Tn ms<sfj;a mQrKh l< hq;=hs' uereKdg miq NsCIQka jykafia,d wjq;a
.d:d icCOdhkd lr msx wkqfudaoka lrK ;=re ish hq;= ke;' zzlik
;ek likag kEZZ uu wk;=re we`.ula fkdl<d hehs lshkag tmd' Tng
Th leis,a, iqj lr.kag k blauKska ta lik ;ek likak' tk yels
;r Hh jvd fyd| foa lrkak tg Tf we;s ;Kaydj f,dalfha we;s
foa .ek wdidj ke;s hhs' , uqo,a" j;=ms wdhhs' wmg wh;a fkdf'
wms uf.a hehs lshkafka iuq;s f,dalh kS;sh ksid' tfia is;k ksid wfma
we;a; jkdlu olskafka ke;' , uqo,a f,dalfha wjYH foa i|yd fhdod
h ;rul i;=gla ,nd .; yelsh' tfy;a wfma fudayh ksid th nqr nqrd
kef.k .skakla wm hkq we;'
la ke;s lr.;a ta w;S;fha is CIdKd Y%jhka jykafia,d f .=K
jOkh lrka ;u is; msis lr wm ieuf.a irKh we;' ta whg
h h whs;s foa wdid lrK foa fkd;snqKd hehs Tn is;kakg mqjks'
, uqo,a ukialdka; yev rej we;af;a ka muKhs Tn is;kjdo@
tneka fjd w.hlrka we,S .e,S iskjdo @ wfm rf kS lk;a;
wvq njla weoao @ u<kS N+uodk lsug" wdoyk lsug ;e;a keoao @
Tn fkduefrkjd hehs is;kjdo @ ta ksid lsis hla ke;sj iem im;a
kjdo @ Tn ks;ru fjfyfikafka lEu fiug" fyd|g ksod .ekSug"
weia lka kdidh mskug" yhg f f,dalh kdY ug m%:u ish,a,
,nd .ekSug wjYH hehs is;do @ ta ksid fkdfhla foa /ia lrf.k mqrjd
f.k we;' bkak bvla o ke;' i;=kaj;a fumuK ;Kaydfjka fkdfhla
foa /ia lrkafka ke;' Tjqkag jvd Tn b;d oCI .=K kqjK we;s wh
hehs is;kk' tjeks wkaO N+; uq,dj ksid ;j ;j;a lg m;afjkjd we;'
g jvd Ialr ;hla wkd.;fha .; lrkakg jqjfyd;a l=ula fo
@ ljqo okafka Tn my;a fldg is;k ;sika i;=kag;a jvd lg m;afo
lshd f .ek is;Sug yd ls%hd lsug ka kau mgka .; hq;=hs' ;ju;a
ms<shula lr.; yelsj we;'
fu;r mreI hg l:d lsu .ek ug iudjkak' tfy;a fufia
;ka fkdlSfjd;a ;u .;dkq.;sl we,S .e j,ska ula fidhkafka
ke;' lsif
s jla p;=rdh i;Hh ms<.
s kafka ke;sg f Ydikh ke;s hhs'
wm ieu fokdu f.drye`" mdmlu w;S;fha islr we;' tajdfha mdl
wksjdfhkau wm h hq;=hs' f nj fkdokakd wh ;u jer iod .kakg
215
uykais fkd.ks;a' ta fjkqjg Ouh .eUqreh' fkdf;af' m%;sm;a;s Ialr

hehs is;;s' ta ksid f ;;a;ajfhka neyer ug fkdyelsh'
f wjia:df fuh ,shk uu Tnf.ka iudj wh' ta uu lsis
hla iella ke;sj fufia woyia m< lsu .ekh' uf.a tlu wIaGdkh
jQfha wdpdh ukaf.a l:d ffY,Sh ta wdldrfhkau f,dalh fj; jd;d
lsuh' fuh jd;d lrkafka wkd.;fha hfula Wkajykafiaf.a b.eka
.ek ;l ;l ixl,amkd lrkq we;s neks' tu n,j;a foaYkd ta
wdldrfhkau fkd,Sfjd;a tys Yla;sh ;kql f' tneka f .ek uu iel
yer ,Sfj'
wdpdh uka h ;ekl iqfjd;a m%Yk
a weiSug fndfyda fokd t;ekg
mefK;s' ug k .kakg ,enqKq tu m%Yak yd W;a;r ish,a,u fuys
i|yka fkdf' NsCIQka jykafia,d fndfyda ld,hla ;=< tjeks foa ud iu`.
lS kuq;a ug wu;l we;' ;on, m%Yak muKla uf.a isf;a / we;'
wdpdh uka leu;s ;dla l,a kfLdka rpcisud ys jdih lr Wfdaka
;dks n,d msg;a h' w;r u. fLdka ltka ys h kej;+ g fndfyda
fokd tys /ia Wkajykafiag tys kej;S hk fuka wdrdOkd l<y' tfy;a
ta wdrdOkdj ms<s.ekSug fkdyels u ksid ta wh uy;a fia la jQy'
wka;sf Wfdaka ;dks k.rfha j fndafidf*daka wdjdifha c
Lqka Oufc NsCIQj iu`. kjd;eka .;af;ah' fik`. /ia Wkajykafia
ms<s.;ay' tys l l,la .; lr j fkdka ksfj wdrduhg jev tys
jiaidk iD;=j .; l,y' i;shlg jrla is,a iudoka nK weiSug Wiia
rcfha ks,Odka iy wksl=;a odhl msia iu`. c Lka Ou fc NsCIqj
fkdlvjd meKsfhah' Wkajykafia >k jkdka;r miq lrka md .ukska
hdx udhs ys jdh l< wdpdh uka yuq Wfka ;dks k.rhg tk f,i
wdrdOkd l<y' f ksid wm ish fokdgu Wfka ;dks ys Wkajykafiaf.
a Ouh Y%jKh lsug wjia:dj ,enqKs' wms iefjdu c Lqka Ou fc
NsCIqjg f ms<sn| w;sYh lD;{ fjuq' Ou fc NsCIqj ks;r Ou
idlPdf fhfoa' fYaIfhkau Ndjkd ms<sn| Wmfoia ,nd .kS' f ksid
wdpdh uka flfrys Yd, f.!rjhla yd Y%oaOdjla we;s' fndfyda .sys
mskaj;=ka wdpdh uka yuqug wjia:dj ,nd ks'
jiaidk ld,h wjika jQ g wdpdh uka wjg .udk j, yqol,dj
ieirka mqre Ndjkd ms<fj;ays fhkdy' Wfdka;dks isg ie;mq 7la
muK wE;ska msys nxfkdx k fL .fuys je ld,hla .; lf<a tys
216
wjg jkdka;r mirfhah' f ld,fha .sys mej msia Wkajykafiaf.ka

lu ia:dk ,nd f.k Ndjkd l<y' g fmr tys is msia Wkajykafiaf.a
meKSu n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQy' kej; jdrhla Wkajykafia l .ekSug i;=gq
jQy' ta jk g jhi wjqre 70la muK h' ;ju .uka lsug Yla;sh
we;' ks;ru ke.S is Hh we;s neka ls%hdYS,S h' jk fikiqkaj,
ilauka Ndjkdfjka l,a.; l<y'
by; wd;au
Wfdaka ;dks m<df;a jdih lrk ld,fha .f ksiaiq wdpdh
uka yuq m%Yak weiQy' jfrl w;S; cd;sj, mqre l< .=K Ou f
wd;aufha ;udf.a p;hg n,mdk wkaou pd,y' w;S;fha wUq ie
jYfhka is whf.a tu leue;a; wkqj kej; wd;auj, tfia wUqie ug
m;afo @ fujeks m%Yak .ek ksiaiq ks;r iel my< lr;shs wdpdHh
uka mejiSh' uq,a m%Yakhg fufia ms<s;=re ks' w;S; lu ;u f;kdj
wkqj is we;' ta f;kdf n,j;a Yla;sh wkqj fufia ;u p;hg
n,mdhs' fofjks m%Yakh .ek fufia mejiSh' ;uka.a j;udk ;fha
we;sjk kE in|l fmr wd;aufha isg tkakla nj ;SrKh lsu wmyiq
fohls' fndfyda g ia;S% mqreIhka jdy fjkafka wkaO wd,fhks' nv.sks
ldrhd h wdydrhla gq .i th blauKska Wmdodkh lrhs' ;ukaf.a
wjYH;djh wkqj th N=la;s hs' w;S;fha we;s inkaOhla ksid jdy
jQfha hehs fiu Ialr jkafka tneks' flf<ia we;su ksid tys wdkj"
w;S; mqre wdhg wkqj is;Sug wjldY ke;' rd. .skak we;s .i Bg
m%;slu fidhhs' tneka w;S; mqre wkqj is fkdf' ndysr yev rej
wd lreKq wkqj ia;S% mqreI inkaOh we;s flf' flf<ia j, iajNdjh
k ;u wdorh fkd,enqfKd;a m<s.ekSu ksid fndfyda wmrdO lsuhs'
;udf.a jro gqj;a th fkdms<s.ks;s' urKh jqjo l ke;' f flf<ia
.skak rd.h hehs ykajkq ,ef' th ;u yojf;a mek ke.S is g
md,kh lsu Ialr f'
hful=g idOdrK f,i" j.lSula we;sj j;a ug wjYH k
flf<ia .skafkka uqim;a fkdh hq;=hs' md,khla ke;sj flf<ia yg
.ekSu ksid th n,j;a wl=i, Yla;shla njg m;af' w;S;fha isoaka
.ek is;Sug jvd ;udf.a flf<ia md,kh lsu jvd iqiq f' tg ;ud
217
wkaO N+; Ndjfhka uy;a md;d,j,g fkdjef' Ndjkd n,hla we;s whg
muKla ;u w;S; ;h u;la l< yelsh' fudk fya;=jla ksid jqj;a
ldudidj uev .ekSug wd;au md,kh wjYH f' Nhdkl flf<ia msgdr
.,ka .x j;=rla fuka md,kfhka f;dr jQ g f;daka ,kqj lvd .;a
wYajhd fuka fu,a, lsu fkdyelsh'
m%Yakh ( h iajd NdHhd fofofkla f wd;aufha iqyoj j;a
u;= wd;aufha;a uqk .efiajd hk m%d:kdj bIag lr .ekSug l< hq;af;a
l=ulao @ ;ukaf.a wIaGdkh muKla iEfyao @
wdpdh uka ( is;u
S " wIaGdkh muKla fkdiEfya' Bg wjYH lghq;=
l< hq;=h' hfula fmdfydi;a ug n,j;a leue;a;la we;' tfy;a lue,s
lka uqo,a Wmhd .ekSug fjfyi fkdf' Tyq fmdfydi;a fkdf' ta
leue;a; bgq lr .ekSug olaI;djh ;sh hq;h
= 's tfiau tjeks wIaGdkhla
we;s iajd NdHhd fofokd ks;r iu.shka ish hq;=hs' fofokdu tlu
wruqK leu;s h hq;=hs' Nla;sh" Yajdih" weoys,a, tlu h hq;=hs'
wfkHdakH wjxl wdorh ;sh hq;=hs' ;udf.a jdish" ,dNh" i;=g msKsi
wfkldf.ka jev .ekSu fkdl< hq;h
= 's tg Yajdih Nx. f' w;Dma;u
s ;a
;hla we;sf' is,aj;a h hq;=hs' fyd| yeisu ;=<ska iyldh fyda
iylrejd ka u;= wd;auNjfha;a uqK .eiSug leu;s h hq;=hs' tfy;a
tlaflkla muKla fufia yeisreK;a wks;a ;eke;a;d Bg reoaO yeisu
w;sg tk ;ukag leu;s m j;a f k tg fl;r kej; yuqug
wIaGdk l<;a th iM, fkdf' ta ;ukaf.a jer ls%hdj, mdl ksid
;u me;=u id:l fkdf' Tnf.a me;=u l=ulao @ Tn wka yeu fohlgu
jvd ;u NdHhdj kej;;a ,efjd hk leue;a; we;af;yso @
m%Yakh ( uu fjk lsisjla m%d:kd fkdlr' tlu me;=u uf.a
| kej; wd;aufha;a yuqfjd hkakhs' , uqo,a" ;;a;ajh" rc iem"
fo iem" ksjka iem jqjo uf.a NdHhdj ke;ak jevla ke;' hful=f.a
Yd,;u n,dfmdfrd;a;=j fuh h hq;=hs' ta i;=g we;sg muKla wks;a
f,!lsl iem w:j;a f' fuh uf.a oYkhhs' tneka f m%Yakh
weiqfj' tfy;a uu ,ecd Nh jqfk Tn jykafia ug ksko
a d flfr;ahs
iel we;s h' f f,dalfha ienE ;;a;ajh fuh jqj;a fndfyda wh ta .ek
l:d fkdlr;a'
wdpdh uka iskdiqks' zztfia k Tn hk hk ;ek NdHhdj legqj
hd hq;=hs @ZZ
218
m%Yakh ( fuh ms<s.ekSug uu ,ecd fj' uf.a NdHhdjg we;s

leue;a; ksid uu uyK fkdfj' wE ;ks f' /l n,df.k wjjdo ug
lsif
s jla ke;sfhehs ug isf;a' uf.a orefjda ks;r , uqo,a wd foa b,a,ka
wEg jO ysxid lr;a' ud ke;s l< ta whf.a wdor" lreKdj fkd,efhehs
isf;a' uu f .ek n,j;a f,i lmd fj' ug fkdf;afrk ;j fohla
we;' Ou mqia;lj, i|yka m foaj f,dalj, isk fojrekaf.a ia;S%"
mqreI fNaoh we;' ksia f,dalfha fuks' fojre b;du;a i;=ka fkdfhla
fha wdiajdo ,nka mS%;sfj;a' th j;a ug iqiq mirhls' tfy;a
n%yau f,dalj, tjeks ia;S%" mqreI fNaohla ke;' tys j;au t;r i;=gq
t<jkakla fkdf' tys lsisfjla ys" fkdao fkdlr;s' tys ;kslula
fkdfkao @ ksjk Bg;a jvd ksy~" ksYap, ;ekls' lsisu inkaOhla
ke;' ;ud taldka;fhkau iajdk f' lsisfjl=f.a Wo Wmldr ke;'
lsisfjla wjYH fkdf b;ska tys ;udf.a wNsudkh olajkafka ldgo @
tjeks w;s W;a;u ;;a;ajhlg m;ajqk g ish,a,kaf.a ie<ls,s iudk
,eh hq;=h' f f,dalfha hfula Wiia" Okj;a" W.;a wd fi!Nd.Hj;a
hqKqjlg m;a jQ g wkHhkaf.a je" ms wdor f.!rj ,n;s' tfy;a
ksjfka we;af;a ksy~;djhls' lsisfjl=f.a wdor ie,ls,s ke;' ug
ysf;k hg tjeks ;ekl i;=gla fkdaohla ke;' ug iudjkak fujeks
fudav msiaiq m%Yak weiSu .ek' tfy;a uf.a ysf;a f ielh re lrk ;=re
uu ksrka;rfhka lafj'
wdpdh uka ( foaj f,dal" n%yau f,dal" ksjk Tn jeks fudav" iel
iys; mqoa.,hkag hkag yels ;eka fkdf' tjeks ;ekaj,g hkafka ;udf.
a wdOHd;al Yla;sh we;s wh' ;ukaf.a .=K kqjK je jk g fo
f,dj" nU f,dj yd ksjk hkafka f;areu wjfndaO f' Tn jeks whg
isysfkkaj;a tys hd fkdyel' Tng hd yels jqj;a NdHdj j;a jk ;=re
tys hd fkdyel' wE u< miq ta l bjid.kag fkdyelsj l,a .; lrkq
kd foaj f,dal .ek is;Sug j;a fkdyel' Tn is;k wkaoug foaj f,dal
n%yau f,dal jqj;a Tnf.a NdhH_dj ;r jgfka ke;' tjeks ;ekaj, Tn
n,d .kakg NdhH_djla ke;' Tn tys hkag fkdleue;s jkafka Tnf.a ish
iem im;a ,nd fok NdhH_dj ke;s ksidh'
wdpdh uka iy tu m%Yakh weiQ mqoa,hd uy;a fia iskdiqks' f
f,dalfha k iem jqjo ;u ;ukaf.a leue;a; wkqj fjkia f' wfma
Yrfha we;s bkash tlu Yrhl we;;a fjkia wruqKq .ks;s' wei rEm
ols;s' lK Yo wi;s' kdih .| iqj| muKla .ks;s' jg ri muKla
219
fka' Yrh leu;s jkafka fyd| iamY j,g' ta ta bkashkaf.a yelshdj

wkqj fjk fjk wruqKq ,nd .ks;s' tl bkashlg f ish wruqKq .kag
neye' ri we;s wdydr .ekSu tl fkdaohls' jdy iem ;j;a fkdaohls'
f f,dalfha fkdao wdiajdo j,ska f;dr ke;' ta j;a jk whg w;HdjYH
neks' tajd fidh fidhd f.dia ,nd .ks;s' fujeks i;=g ikaf;daIh ksia
f,dj we;' foaj f,dalj, fjk;a wdiajdo we;' n%yau f,dlaj, Bg fjkia
wdiajdo we;' ksjfka we;s wdiajdoh flf<ia ,s ksfuks' ta i;=g
flf<ia iys; mqoa.,hkaf.a i;=gg jvd yd;amiska fjkia f'
Tng wjYH jkafka NdHhdjf.ka ,efnk wdiajdoh muKla k
Tn weiaj,ska fkdfhla foa n,kafka wehs @ lkska Yo wikafka wehs @
lkafka fudlgo @ ksokafka fudlgo @ msx lrkafka l=ulgo @ oka fokafka
l=ulgo @ is,a rlskafka l=ulgo @ Ndjkd lrkafka l=ulgo @ Tng lrkag
;sfhkaka tla fohls' NdHhdj iu`. jdih lrka ta ish iem ,eu
fkdfo @ tg wks;a iem fidh fidhd lror ula ke;' we;af;kau
Tng tfia l< yelso @
m%Yakh ( wfmdhs tfia lrkag neye iajdks' fldfyduo ud tfyu
lrkafka @ ta wer;a wms fld;r rKavq lrkjdo @ uu flfia ish iem
NdHdhf.ka muKla ,no @ tg uf.a ;h uy wjq,la f'
f ksid b;d wjxl ksNh mqoa.,fhls' Tyq is,a wdrlaId lr;shs'
wdpdh uka mejiqfh' Tyq wdpdh uka yg fndfyda f.!rj wdor olajhs'
ks;r ks;r wjq;a wdpdh ukaf.aka m%Yak wihs' idudkH wh fujeks m%Yak
wdpdh ukaf.ka wikafka ke;' Tyq ;u |g yd orejkag fndfyda wdorh
we;' wdpdh uka flfrys we;s wdorh" Nla;sh ksid ks;r wdrduhg ths'
tg wuq;a;ka iu`. wdpdh uka l:d lrkafka k Tyq wdrdufha wks;a
NsCIQkg
a Wo Wmldr lrkafka ;udf.a f.or whg i<lk hgh' wdpdh
uka Tyqf.a kEu m%Yakhlg ms<s;=re imhhs' h h whf.a p; ,CIK
ykd .ekSug wdpdh uka w;s oCI f' ta ta whg fjkia wdldrfhka
i<lhs' idudkH l:df fyda foaYkfha ;u fm%aCIhkag .e,fmk l:d
lsh;a' uu ,s f l:d mqj;a j,ska ta nj Tng Tmamq fjkjd we;'
wdpdH jka fkdka ksfj ys jdih lrK ld,fha fndfyda NsCIqka Wkajykafiaf.ka Wmfoia ,nd .ekSug meKshy' jiaidk ld,h
Wkajykafia iu`. .; l<y' wo fuka fkdj ta ld,fha fuu ydrh b;du
ksial,xl m%foaYhls' lsisfjla tys wdf ke;' hlsis Ndjkd fhda.Ska
220
muKla r l;r f.jd meKshy' tfy;a ka Yd, jYfhka fik`.

/iafj;s' Ndjkd fhda.S NsCIqkag fuh m<sfrdaOhls' ta ld,fha NsCIQka
jykafia,d yqol,dj leu;s m ms<sfj;a msrEy' tneka fndfyda NsCIQka
wudkqIsl .=K Ou jvd .;ay' bka ;udg muKla fkdj wjg ckhdg
yd mirhg fi;la h'
ijia hdufha wdpdh uka NsCIQkag o fi;s' wdrN lrkafka
YS,h ms<sn| l:djlsks' bkamiq iud" m[a[d ia;r lr;s' l%udKql+,j
f foaYkh .eUqre wy;ajh olajd ia;r f' th Oufha wjidk
b,lalh f' bkamiq wx. imQK foaYkhla m%;smodj .ek ia;r f'
ta wjia:dj, NsCIqjlf.a wdl,am" yeisu" ffoksl jev ms<sfj," Ndjkd
luia:dk .ek i|yka f' ksrka;rfhkau kh YsCId /lSu yd i;s
iumc[a[h flfrys ;ka ne ish hq;= nj wjOdrKh flf'
h NsCIqjla kh yd yeisu ms<sn|jo" ;ud mqyqKq fjk YsCId
ms<n
s |jo f.!rjh we;ak Tyq NsCIqjla f,i ie<lsh hq;=h' Lqoodkq Lqool
YsCId lv lrK NsCIqj th jeo.;a YsCId f,i .Kka fkd.kS' tjeks
w;miq u iaiS, njls' wka;sf Bg jvd f,dl= YsCId jqjo lv lr;s'
kh kS;s rlskf
a ka ;ukaf.a yeisu wLKavj mj;ajd .ekSugh' ke;fyd;a
ka g Tyqf.a yeisf fodaI we;' fujeks wjia:djkag uqyqK ug m;a
jQ g wka iqfmaY, YsCIdld iqny
% u
a pdka bfha uy;a ,ecdjls' tneka
ta iq jro fyda w;ayeu ksid ;u .=rejr iy jdih lrK wka NsCIQkaf.a
f.!rjh ysf' ;ukag lsis iella Nhla ke;sj j;a h yelsf' Tf
yojf;a msis Ndjh fid;dmkak u.a. M, isg wry;a; u.a.M, olajd
l%ufhka je hd hq;=f' tfia ug iud" m[a[d fkdlvjd je .sh
hq;=f' Hh n,j;a h hq;=h' f bJsh Ou je hk g ;u isf;a
mj;sk flf<ia l=Kq le iqKq iqKq hhs'
NsCIqjlf.a l:dj" yeisu b;du ksrjoH h hq;=h' is; w;s msis
we;af;a iud" m[a[d" uqla;s" uqla;s {dKoiaikh ;=<sks' lsis gl
;u isf;a l=iS;" wre" lauqiq Ndjhla ke;' msg;ska f;acdka; Ndjhla
fmfka' lsif
s jla u`. yk" ;u isf;a ;ekam;a lr .;a BIHd ffjr wdhla
ke;' ie`.hq;a;la ke;' lKiai,a,la ke;' nqrcdKka jykafiaf.
a wNHka;r isf;a yd ndysr yeisf taldldr msis Ndjhla we;' tu
nq.=K ;ud ;=< jvd .ekSug NsCIqj Hh jeh hq;=h' nqjre wkq.
ukh lrK wdh ix>hdf.a f .=K olakg ,ef' ish m re lsu;a"
l=i,a lsu;a b;du iqiq f' wjxl Ndjh ;u is; ;=< we;s g Ouhg
221
wkql+,j is;= me;= mj;aj;s' fksid hk tk ;ekl ish,a,kaf.a wdor

Nla;shg m;af' ;u isf;a we;s wdf,dalh b;s me;s mj;S' lsis gl
fudayfhka uq,dfjka h W.=,lg yiq fkdf' fufia w;s W;= .=K wdh
ix>hd ;=< olakg ,ef' f lreKq wOHhkh lr yojf;a ;ekam;a lr
.kak' wkq.ukh lrkak' tg ta .;s.=K ;ud ;=< j.d jOkh f' tajd
;udf.a mqoa.,sl .;s.=K f'
fujeks Ou ksrka;rfhkau wdpdh uka ;u YsIHhkag lshd
fo;s'
wdpd ukaf.a ffoksl pdhd rgdjla we;' Ndjkdfjka ysfha
ke.S isg ilauka lrka msKavmd; ld,h mefKk f;la is;s' bkamiq
.ug f.dia ms~q is`.d wdmiq l=hg j;s' odfkak miq kej; ilauka lr
fl flhla .ks;a' bkamiq kej; ilauka lr Ndjkdf fhfoka iji
4 jk ;=re is;s' iji 4g l=h wjg weuo iakdkh fldg kej; ilauka
lr;a' bkamiq l=h ;=< meh .Kkla .d:d ms;a iCOdhkd lr;a' bkamiq
kej; Ndjkd lr;a' rd;S% ld,fha .gu Ndjkdf fhfo;s' meh 4la muK
ie;fm;s' fndfyda g fkdksodu oji .;f' ;reK ld,fha ;snQ hh
wiS;h' wka lsisfjl=g t;r Hh jeh fkdyels h' jhia .; jQ g
o tu Hh w;ayf<a ke;' lla fyka jev lf<a Yla;sh j, jQ gh'
km;d fufia lska l j, h' tfy;a wms ish fokdf.kau fjkia
jQfha fl;r frda.S ;;a;ajhla ;snqK;a isf;a lsis miq neiSula fkduh'
wm ieug Yd, wdoYhla jQ Wkajykafia uy;a wdYaphls'
Wkajykafia mqoa.,sl j.lS meyer yefha ke;' ;u n,j;a hh
w;ayf<a ke;' ta ksid hx uhs llrfha woa;Sh ch.%yKh l<y'
ukqIHhka jYfhka wm ;=< we;af;a tjeks Yla;s iNdrhls' tfy;a
th kshu hg yiqrejd tjeks widudkH ch.%yKhla lrkafka l
fofkls' ksia f,dj ck.ykh je fjka mej;=K;a fujeks w;s W;=
;;a;ajhlg m;a jkafka ljfrlao @
Wkajykafia i;r iDmdo jvd we;' PJo" ;a;" h" uxid
Wkajykafia yd wm w;r fjki f' f iDmdo j, jeu wkqj tla tla
mqoa.,hdf.a lu fjkia fj;s' lu Yla;sfha fjki wkqj mdl fjkia
f' tuksid tla tla flkd k iem la fjkia f' f,dalfha jdih lrK
mqoa.,hka foi ne g fuh fyd|dldr oHudk f' wm ieug f wkqj
iem" l" i;=g" fkdi;=g jka jr ,eu fjkia l< fkdyel'
222
Wkajykafiaf.a uq ; ld,fhau ;u n,j;a lu Yla;sfha

mdl jYfhka u,aM, fk,d .;s' ish fokdf.a f.!rj iudkhg iqiq
h' uq f,dalh mqrdu tu lS;s rdjh me;s we;' tfy;a fn!oaOhka mjd
Wkajykafiaf.a judk ld,fha ta lsisjla fkdk ishy' Bg fya;=j
jQfha ck.ykh we;s fmfoia j, Wkajykafia jdih lsug ue,s uhs'
uq ;hu l uqka" jk fmfofiys .; h'
fndfyda NsCIQka Wkajykafiaf.a judk ld,fha yuqug .sh kuq;a
yuqug fkdyels h' ud. wmyiq;djh" le,Eno m%foaY luqka ksid
.ukd .ukh w;s Ialr h' md .ukska ojia .Kka kdkk m%foaYfha
wdrx ud;%fhka f.dia fidhd .; hq;= h' iuyr NsCIqyq tjeks Ialr
m%;m
s ;a;s ksid Wkajykafia yuqug fkd.shy' Ouh fkdi`.jd i;H f,i
fmkajd u .ek iuyre fkdleu;s h' wdydr m%Yakh W.% jQfha klg
tla f,la je<u yd kSri wdydr .ekSuh' la ug fkdyels NsCIQka
fkdfhla nel lshd ksoyig lreKq bm;a l<y' tu NsCIqyq ksjka
ud.fha hdug leu;s jqjo fkdhfla ndOl ukfia ;snqKs' wdpdh ukaf.
a wNdjfhka miq tu NsCIqyq f,i miq;e,s jqy' wE; w;S;fha nqoaO
ld,Sk ry;ka jykafia,df.a m%;sm;a;s wkqj hka Wkajykafia Ydikh
ixfla;j;a lr j;udk f,dalhdg fmkajd ks' u.a.M, ,dNs ry;ka
jykafia,d fufia rela uq,a" jk fikiqka iqkHd.dr" iqidkj, Ndjkd jevQ
ye Wkajykafiaf.a pHhd rgdfjka iMqg we;' tjeks wdh ix>r;akhg
wh;a jQ Wkajykafiaf.a .=K iqmmkak" Wcqmmkak" [dhmmkak wd
i`. .=K ukd ms<snq l<y' ksjk k uyd id.rhg wj;SK jQ uyd
.x.djla yd iudkh' nq oyu ta wdldrfhkau ms<smk ,'
wdpdh uka j;udk hq.fha is uyry;ka jykafia kuls'
Wkajykafiaf.a mksjjdKh 1949 fkdjen 10 fjks kfha is h'
tk g wjqre 20lg fmrh' iuq;s f,dalfha urK wkka; iir mqrd
w;s fohls' th je<elah fkdyelsh' fy;a nq flfkl=f.a uyd lreKdj"
m%{dj" uqla;sh fya;= m%;H blaujd .sh uy;a jq Ya; fohls' f ish
.=K Ydikfha .e we;' wdpdh uka ;=< tjeks ia; lreKdj"
m%{dj" uql;
a h
s olakg ,enqK's ta nqoO
a Ydikh ms<m
s eu wm i;= j.lSuls'
id:l;ajhg fya;= jkafka wms fldmuK ld,hla" Y%uh;a ta i|yd jeh
lrkafkao hkakhs' fufia m%;sm;a;s /lSfuka muKla ta m%;sM, ,nd .;
yelsh' tfia ke;ak f wjia:dj kej; fkd,efnkjd we;'
kfLdka rpPdisud k.rfha ksik
q g
a wdpdh uka l< foaYkhla uf.a
223
isf;a / we;' tys idrdxYh fuys wvx.= lr'

zzTn" Tnf.a mjq," kEoE ys;;=rka lk;a;g hk nj wu;l
fkdlrkq uek' ke;ak urKhg uqyqKug Tn iQodk fkd is'
f,dalfha ish fokd urKhg m;af' Bg iQodk h hq;=hs' ke;ak Tn
urK Nh ksid ue wNjH ia:dkhl Wm' Tn is;k" l:d lrK" ls%hd
lrK yeugu lk;a; u;la lrkak' tk urKh" urKh yd lk;a;
tlu woyila f.k foa' lk;a; yd luh tlu o je,a mqrela folls'
urKh u;la lrk g luh u;la f' tg Tnf.a is;s,s" jpk" ls%hd
l=i,a msKsi fhduqf'
Tn y oCIfhla hehs wdvnr fkdjkak' we;af;kau Tn Tnf.a
lu mdl j,g yiq we;s flfkls' wdvnr jkafka flfiao @ Tn lu
mdl j,g hg iskafkla fkdfo @ nq flfkl=g jvd Tn okakjd
lshd is;kak tmd' ta widudkH uyd W;a;uhd flf<ia iys; mqoa.,hka
fuka udk wdvnr ke;' wkd.; iel ke;' wkqudk fkdlr;s' i;Hh
olakd neks' flf<ia iys; mqo.
a ,fhda ;u wyxldr" Wv`.=l ksid wl=i,
lu lr tys isr is;s'
f wdldrfhka Wkajykafia woyia fl<ska m%ldY lrk g wid
isk wh ;=< iel ke;s taldka;fhka ms<s.ks;a' luh .ek fufia
lshk g zzuu uf.aZZ hkqfjka idod.;a uyd ukar lvd jef' ;ud j;a
jk ;;a;ajh l=ulahs isf;a' luh .ek g m%:u i|yka we;s kuq;a
wdpdh uka luh .ek lshk iDcq" wjxl iajNdjh kej; u;la lr'
f wd lreKq ug wu;l we;' ka g u;la jQ g th i|yka lr'
f .ek Tnf.a iudj wh'
wdpdh uka fufia f.da,hkag Ouh lshd fo;s' ta fya;=fjka
Wkajykafiaf.a Y%djl msi b;du;a oCI zzfnda jDCIZZ njg m;a jQy'
fujeks fnda jDCI frdamKh lsug b;du Ialrh' th wdrlaId lsu;a"
f,dl= uy;a Yd, reCIhla njg m;a lsu;a Ialrh' Wkajykafiaf.a
Y%djlhka fHIag wdpdhjre f,i ka j;=ka w;r olakg ,ef' bka
iuyre k jYfhka uu l<ska i|yka lf<' bka iuyr k fuys i|yka
lr' wdpdh isx iy wdpdh uyd msx - Wfndaka rpP;dksfhys fjfi;s'
fkdx Lhs ys wdpdh f:" ixfLdx kfLdx ys wdpdh *Eka Wfka ;dks
ys j g laf,dxf*aka ys wdpdh L" fvdxfhka .f wdpdh *afrd"
224
j wfidldrdys wdpdh ,S ,sfhdb m%foaYfha wdpdh fpd iy wdpdh

b" hdxudhs ys wdpdh is yd wdpdh f;a" ifLdka kfLdaka ys wdpdh
fldxud iy ;j;a fndfyda wdpdhjre ishy' ug ta k wu;l
we;' f ieu wdpdh flfkl=gu fYaI olaI;d ;snqKs' ta olaI;dj,
ksmqK;ajhla ;snqKs' iuyrekaf.a lS;s rdjh uq rg mqrd ys .sfhah'
uq rf m%isoaO jQ wh fj;s' iuyre ksy~bj ;u Ndjkd mQK;ajh ,en
ishy' fndfyda Wiia wdpdhjre ;j;a is;s' ta wh kka fyda ykajd
.ekSug fkdleu;s jQy'
fjk lsis wdpdhjrfhl=g jvd wdpdh uka ;u Y%djlhka zzfndZZ
fyj;a ksjkg fhduq l,y' ta ishu fokd jykafia,d OQ;dx. mQrKh
l<y' OQ;dx. mqre mqyqKq lsu b;d Ialr ldhhls' fmd orefjla
/l n,d .kakdla fuks' m%:ufhkau ;u YS,h mQK l< hq;=h' bkamiq
YS,h u; msysgd Ndjkdfjys fhdoj;s' ta ;=<ska ;u lfha iy isf;a ixjrh
we;s lrhs' tg iajdkj jev lghq;= lr.; yelsf' flf<ia iys;
mqoa.,hka fujeks ;s%YsCIdf fhou wisre lreKls' fl;r wjjdo
wkqYdikd l<;a th YsIHhdf.a ika;dihg ;ka neif.k ls%hd;aul
jkafka l<d;=rlsks' .=rejrhd ks;ru uqrldrfhla fuka f whf.a is;=
me;= wdpdr iudpdr yeis wdh fih hq;=h' bvla we;s yeu wjia:
dfu mrK mqre j,g wj;SK jk neks' fkdfhla wdldr flf<ia
iu`. igka jeug isf' b;d oCI .=rejrfhl=g muKla YsIHhka wjk;
l< yelsh' p;h Oudkql+,j yev .eiah hq;= neks' wms iefjdu
flf<ia j,ska lg m;afjuq' wdpdhjrfhl= fj; mefKk ish fokdu
tjeks flf<ia j,ska hqla; wh fj;s' tneka tlsfkldf.a Yla;sfhka ke.S
isug fkdyels fj;a' uf.a kqu wkqj f,dalfha we;s b;du Ialr foh
k idudkH NsCIqjla tjeks wdh ix>r;akhg yrjd .ekSuhs' flf<ia
iys; mD:ck N+fha isg wdh N+h jQ fidajdka ilDod.d" wkd.d"
wy;a ;;a;ajhg k.d ,Sug .=re Wmfoia ,eh hq;=h' f ldhh tla
tla wjia:df ;j ;j;a ixlSK f' fufia frdamKh ye je tk
jDCIh lDka wd i;=ka of.k uq,a kdY lr .io fmr,d ouhs' o
ld,fha fufia m;a isf' .i ke.S Yla;su;a w;= m;r ys hk
;=re wdrlaId l< hq;=h' fujeks foa wms ks;r gqfjuq' l,d;=rlska muKla
uq,a neif.k hk Yla;su;a .ila njg yef' jeis" ta we;eg iq<x"
i;=kaf.ka jyd jekiS hk neks' idudkH .ila fufia wdrlaId l< g
ye je .sh kuq;a NsCIqjla fuu m%;smodf .uka lrjk g ks;ru
uq,skau weo jeug m;af' isf;a we;s flf<ia j, iajNdjh hgm;a lr
225
h hqKqjla ,enQ kuq;a leue;af;ka fyda wlue;af;kau ;ud flf<ia

j,g ji`. f' th fndfyda uykaisfhka fumuK ld,hla jevQ Ouh
tljru weo jeuls' m%;sm;a;s /lSu Ialr neka ks;ru weo jefgk
iajNdjh we;' ;udg hlsis wdndOhla ke;;a" h fohla miqmi f.dia
th ksoyig lreKq olajd wdndOhla lr .kS' f isf;a iajNdjhhs'
fufia ;ud ;ukagu Yd, ydkshla is lr .kS' ms<sfj;a msu" t;r
Ialr fohls' Tn ud lshk foa Yajdi fkdlrkjd k w;ayod n,kak'
NsCIqjla f,i iiqka.; nqoaO kS;s
/lSug W;aidy lrkak'
Tng iji wdydr .ek u;la f' ysi uqvqlr lidjla ord is kuq;a tfya
fufya .uka lsug isf;a' Wv u n,ka" rEm" Yo j,g fhduq fjka
wd>%dKh" ridiajdoh lrka Yrhg iem myiqj" myi ,eug is;af'
fyd| iamI j,g leu;s f' fl;r f weia lka kdidfhka fyd|
wruqKq ,enqK;a ;Dma;shla ke;' Tn NsCIqjla nj wu;l ta wruqKqj,g
f.dre f' tg nqoaO kS;s wkq.ukh lsu" ms<sfj;a msu w;miq f'
is; ;ekam;a lr .ekSug wjYH W;aidyh" wjYH;djh wvq NsCIqjlf.
a mqyqKqj uq,a nei f.k Yla;su;a jkafka ke;' f ksid is; iud lr
.ekSug fl;r Wmofia ,enqK;a th id:l fkdf'
fufia b;d Wkkafjka uyK is kuq;a tu frdamKh l< fnda
;a;h ye je w;=r m;r hdula fyda uq,a nei .ekSula ke;s ksid
blauKska ue, hhs' flf<ia j,ska l=vd wxl=rhg ydks isf' tg NsCIqjf.a is; md,kh lr .ekSug fkdyels neka wxl=rhla muKla fkdj
ie je .sh .ila jqjo fmr,d jef' fufia isf;a iudh ,nd .ekSug
lsish W;aidyhla fkd.;a wh f flf<ia ksid jk Nhdkl Wmjh
.ek fkdoks;s' ta wh ;u fnda wxl=rh fmdaIKh lrkafka flf<ia j,sks'
tg ta wxl=rh ye je hd fkdyel' b;du;a oCI wkaoka l=i,;djfhka
fnda wxl=rh fmdaIKh l< hq;=h' zzin mdmiai wlrKxZZ ish m
j,ska re ish hq;=h' f ksid fndfyda fnda ;a;h we;s wh jqj;a
;u flf<ia j,ska tu wxl=rh kdY lr ou;s'
uf.a w;alSu wkqj uu fuu fnda wxl=rh kshu wdldrfhka
fmdaIKh lr yod jvd .ekSug W;aidy .;s' tfy;a fndfyda g uf.a
ksYaph" ;SrKh jer ksid flf<ia j,g m;a fnda wxl=rhg ydks
ish' tneka th fl;r wiSre fohlahs uu oks' ks;ru ta wxl=rh
ue, ue hkakdfiah' wo jqjo fuu wxl=rh Yd, .ila njg m;afhs
uu fkdoks' ta is; ks;ru flf<ia j,ska mSvdjk neks' uf.a hqKqj
226
fl;rhs ug uekSug fkdyelsh' my; jeu ks;r isfjka mj;S'

ks;ru is; b,a,kafka ndysr wruqKq neka bka fnda ;a;h mSvdjg m;af'
.=rejrfhl=f.a u`. fmkau ke;sg fnda wxl=rh kdY f'
hfula n,j;a Ydl udkisl la bjid ordf.k ;u isf;a mj;sk
m%lD;s flf<ia mrdch lrka fnda ;a;h jvd .;ag Oufha m%n,
Yla;sfhka ish flf<ia mrdch lrhs' Tyq mQK;ajh fyj;a wy;ajhg
m;af' tjeks mqoa.,fhla ish je" ms j,g iqiq f' wdpdh uka
tjeks wdYaphu;a .=rejrfhls' ;u YsIHhka kshu ud.fha .uka lrjhs'
Wkajykafiaf.a fnda wxl=rh ye je f.dia w;=m;r ysoka u,a M, yg
.;af;ah' tu fijfkys fjfik ish fokd buy;a i;gla iduhla ;s'
Wkajykafia mksjdKfhka j;h iudma; l< kuq;a ta ; m%jD;a;sh
lshjk g mjd wmf.a is;a i;ka Y%oaOd nqoafhka Ough keUqre f'
we;af;kau Wkajykafia h .sfha ke;'
hdx uhs isg wdpdh uka Wfka ;dks m%foaYhg meK t j fkdka ksfj wdrdufhys jia folla .; l<y' bkamiq Lqka uhs k pqfjfkdka
NsCIqj iy fndfyda whf.a b,a,Su wkqj ifLdaka kfLdaka m%foaYhg .shy'
1941fla j iqoOj wdrdufhys jdih lrk ld,fha fndfyda wh Wkajykafia l .ekSug yd Ouh weiSug meKshy'
tys hfula leurdjla f.k Wkajykafiaf.a fiahd rEm .ekSug
wjir b,ah' ; ld,fha tfia fiahd rE .ekSug ;=ka j;djla wjir
ks' g m%:u kfLdaka rpPisud iy wjidk ld,fha neka *ex vEx ys
wdpdh idf.a wju`.=,a kfha tfia wjir kay' wo oyia ixLHd;
wkq.dlhskaf.a jkaokdudk mqo mQcd j,g fuu PdhdrEm ,la we;'
wmf.a fya;j
= lg fuu PdhdrEm wo oHudk f' ke;fyd;a Wkajykafiaf.a
iajrEmh wmg k .ekSug l%uhla ke;' wdpdh uka bkamiq l ld,hla
nka kd fudka .f le,Eno wimqjl jdih l<y' tys is wksl=;a NsCIQka
iefjdu b;d fyd| m%;sm;a;s rlska Ndjkdfhda.S jQy' ilauka Ndjkd
lf<a tu jkfha ;eka ;ekaj, is f.diah' l:d lsfuka je<l=kdy'
iji y;rg ish fokdu f., w;=.Eu Y=oaO lsu wdfhys ksr; jQy'
j;=r f.ke;a ner,a mqrjd myrKh msKsi ;ekam;a l<y' bkamiq ish
NsCIQka iakdkh lr ;u ;ukaf.a l=j,g msi kej; Ndjkdf fhky'
227
ish jev ksy~j i;s iumc[a[fhka is lr;s'

hfula fuu m%foaYhg meKs g lsis NsCIqjla olakg ke;' lsisfjla l:d i,a,dmfhka fkdis' ishu NsCIQka ;u l=j, Ndjkdfjka
l,a f.j;s' Wfoa jref msKavmd;h msKsi kej; yuqfj;s' Ndjkdfjkau
msKavmd; flfr;s' lsis flfkla iu`. l:d ny lsula ke;' tu NsCIQka
jykafia,dg olsk wh Y%%oaOd Nla;sfhka kuialdr lr;s'
wdydr j<k g m%;HfCId lr;a' ;u md;%h ;=< we;s wdydrj,
wks;H laL;djh fufkys lrka ri ;DIaKdj hgm;a lr;s' Wv u
ne,Sula fyda l:d lsula ke;' wdydr uqLhg .ekSu" lSu" .s,u
S " b;d isys
kqjKska" ksy~j lr;s' miqj Yd,dj w;= .d msris lr ;u md;%h fidaod
fr lene,a,lska msi wf f,d ;ekam;a lr;s' f ish,a, i;sfhka
ksy~j is lrK Ndjkd ukisldrhls' bkamiq ;u l=hg f.dia kej;;a
Ndjkdf fhfo;a' iu: Ndjkdfjka tl`. jQ is; miaikdjg k.ka
mmp iuqmamkak Ou" kdu rEmhkaf.a iajNdjh .ek .eUqka Ndjkd
lrka m%{dj jOkh flf' wy;ajh flfrys is; fhduq lrka flf<ia
hgm;a lr;s' i;sh meje;au b;du wjYH f' ffoksl jev lsf
isys kqjKska l=i,a is;ska ish jev lr;s' i;sh ke;sg Hh ke;sf'
tg ilauka lsu" jd Ndjkd lsu lsis jevla ke;s ysia fohls' i;sh
ke;s g iud jdhduh ke;' f ksid wdpdh uka i;sfhka ish Yr
p,kh" Yr ls%hdld;ajh is lsug ks;r Wmfoia fo;s' we;af;kau
i;sfhka f;dr lsis Ndjkdjla fyda l=i,a is;la ke;' i;sh n,j;a jQ g
is; ksrdhdifhka iud.; f' i;s iumc[a[h yd m%{dj miaikd
Ndjkdj hqKq lrhs'
h NsCIqjla fufia Ndjkd ukisldrfhka neyer jQ g wdpdh uka
iu`. jdih lsug fkdyels fj;s' k y;lg jrla ishu NsCIQka le|jd
Ndjkd Wmfoia fokq ,ef' tg wdpdh uka Tjqkaf.a iel" h" m%Yak
j,g i fo;s' Wkajykafia b;d lreKdfjka h h whf.a m%Yak
ksrdlrKh lr;s' Ouh ;ud ;=< we;s nj;a u.a.M, ksndk ;udg
,nd .; yels nj;a tu NsCIQka jykafia,df.a wIaGdkh f' wdpdh
ukaf.a foaYk ;=<ska ;ukaf.a mdr;d .=K mQrKh" is lr .ekSug wjYH
Yla;sh ,ef' Ndjkdf fhfok g ? oj,a .ek ;elSula ke;' oji"
ld,h .ek kSula ke;' y| t<sh ke;s g bmkao ,ka;Ere j,ska
ilauka uj wdf,dalu;a lr;s' i| we;s ld,fha i| t<sfha ilauka lr;s'
Ndjkdjg fhduq jQ g ksod .ekSug b;d iaj,am jYfhka isf'
228
wdpdh ukaf.a iQ;% iCOdhkdj b;d ysh' km;d ? fnda jk

;=re Wkajykafia iQ;% iCOdhkd lr;s' Oupll mj;a;k iQ;%h" uyd
iuh iQ;%h" jeks iQ;% km;d iCOdhkd flfr;s iuyrg wmf.a kqu
i|yd md<s iQ;% mj;kh flf' th md<s jHdlrK wkqj fkdj w:
h oyd olajks' tys w:h idrj;ah' b;d meye,sh' wid isk whg
nq rcdKka jykafiaf.a ta mKsvh b;d uekka m%ldY f' fm!rdKsl
fmd; mf;a i|yka jQ fuu iQ;% idrh mqudldr hg wmg .e,fma'
tu mj;kh lsish md<s uydpdhjrfhl=g l< fkdyelsh' tfy;a
Wkajykafia lsis kl md<s NdIdj yodrd ke;' md<s jdlH WPdrKh;a
iu`.u tys mj;kh ieklska lsh;s' iQ;% mj;kh zzoifjks fY%aKshZZ
iu:h' wd jYfhka lSug zzkj jk fY%aKshZZ hkq wudrefjka md<s
jpkj, w: iemhSuls'
wdpdh uka b;d blaukg yd ksNhj tu w: m%ldY lr;s' Bg
fya;=j Wkajykafiaf.a Ndjkd w;alS ;=<ska w:h jgydf.k we;s
neks' md<s.d:d ksrka;rfhka u;lfha we;' tys w:h idudkH jHdlrKdkql=, fkdf' zzjd;d reCLd k mnnf;dZZ hkak w: l:kfha
zzl=Kdgqfjka .ia fmrf<a tfy;a mj; fkdief,aZZ fufia Ou foaYkd
lrK g md<s jdlH pu;aldr wkaoka fhdod .ks;a'
uu l<ska i|yka l< 9fjks 10fjks fY%aKsfha md<s NdIdj t;r
jeo.;a fohla f,i fkdi<lkq uek' th OQ;dx. NsCIQka jykafia,d
Nd;d lrk NdId ,dihls' bka lsisfjl=g wjuka lsula ke;' wm
fndfyda l,a jk.; is neka iuyrg jre .;s we;' jfrda
fl;r yS,Elr iqr;,a l<;a le,E .;sh w;a fkdy;a' ud wdpdh
ukaf.a mj;k ms<sn| ,Sf md<s wdpdhjrekag iroula f,i fkdf'
ug iudjqj uekj' iuyr mdGlfhda ud iSudj blaujd we;ehs fodia ke.sh
yels neks'
h:d ld,fha wdpdh uka nka kd fudka m%foaYfha ksla nka fLdla
m%foaYfha ie;mqula muK wE;g f.dia jia iQy' wimqj .fuka ie;mq
Nd.hla muK wE;h' tfy;a ksy~;djhla we;' ta ld,fha NsCIQka
10-12 kula muK tys jdih l<y' fuys jdih lrk ld,fha uu m%:
u jrg wdpdh uka yuqjqfk' Wkajykafiaf.a lreKd .=Kh ksid ud
YsIHfhla f,i Ndr .;ay' tfy;a uf.ka lsis m%fhdackhla ke;' rp
,S fldghla fuks' ud fuys j;a jQfha fydoafoa ri fkdokakd yekao fuks'
229
wo jqjo uu ta .ek ,ecd fj' ud jeks jevlg ke;s mqoa.,fhla f

uyd .=K id.rhla iu`. j;a jqfk'
ta flfia fj;;a ka u;= ud f m%jD;a;sh ,shkafka uf.a mqoa.,sl
w;alS ;=<sks' g fmr ,shjqk ia;rh b;d wdhdifhka tl;= lr .;a
wka wdpdh jrekaf.a w;alS neka fndfyda g uu uqL jqfk' fuu
l:d mqj; ilia lsug wjqre .Kkdjla ;=< fkdfhla m%foaYhkays iQ
wdpdhjre yuq idlPd meje;a jQfh' ta whf.a u;lfhka lshfjk
l:d mqj;a m.; lf<' ta ishu lreKq f.dkq lsu b;d Ialr h'
tajd wkqms<sfj<ska jd;d lsu" th lshjd jgyd .; yels m mdGlhdf.a wjOdrKh msKsi h ridiajdohla ;=<ska t<slau wjYH h'
tys wka;.; OulreKq ta wdldrfhka bm;a lsu .ek uu fkdfhla
g wjfndaOfhka hqla;j i|yka lf<' ka u;= uf.a w;alS ;=<ska
wdpdh ukaf.a wjidk ld, mfoh ,sh' fuu ia;rh Tn fuf;la
lsh jQ ia;rh ;r rij;a fkdh yelsh' tfy;a l;_Djrhd jYfhka ud
jvd;a Nla;s mQjl w;alS m< lrkafka is;g tl`.jh'
jiaidk ld,h wdpdh uka nka fLdla ys jk fikiqfka ;j NsCIQka
iaj,am fofkla iu`. iQy' tu ;=ka udih ishu NsCIQka b;d ksfrda.sj
Ndjkd ldHfhys fhkdy' i;shlg jrla Ou foaYkd lr;s' th meh
2-4la muK ld,hla meje;af' wid isk wh iud is;lska u wjOdrKh lr;s' ue,slula fyda ksu;la ke;' ish fokdu wjfhka n,j;a
Y%oaOdfjka wid is;s' wdpdh uka foaYkd lrkafka iud is;lska neka
tys kej;Sula fyda wkjYH jpk ud;%hla ke;' fya;= m%;H lu mdl"
mpiuqmamkak Ou wid is whf.a is;a kso .sfhah' ish fokdu mq,
mq,d n,d iskafka f Ou lreKq wjfndaO lr W;= wy;ajh idlaYd;a
lsugh' tu foaYkd b;d ir,h" .eUqreh" i;Hfhka i;Hh .,md we;'
lsisfjl=f.a isf;a ielhla ke;' tlu tl ielhla we;' f Ou jgyd
.ekSug wjYH i;s iud hqKq l< yelso @ hkakhs'
Wkajykafiaf.a foaYkh wid is wmg isysm;a jQfha iud inq
rcdKka jykafia is msig Ou foaYkd lrk ,dihlah' nqrcdKka
jykafiaf.a foaYkh taldka;fhkau .eUqre jQ Ou lreKq wy;ajh msKi
s
fhduq lr;s' wid iskafkda u.a.M, ksjk Ydlaid;a lr;s' tneka nq
jok weiQ wixLHhla i;a;ajfhda ksjka gy' nq oyu u.a.M, msKsi
foaYkd lrkafka wiS; ohdj wkqlmdfjka hq;= ij{;d {dkfhks'
th msish' ir,h' wid iskakkag jyd jegfya'
230
wdpdh uka foaYkd lrkafka tu fudfydf;a is;g wd lreKq neka

th .,d hk m%jdyhls' wdhdifhka bf.k .;a W.f;l=f.a mdKa;ajhla
fkdf' Wkajykafia lreKq bm;a lrkafka wid iskakkaf.a is;a m;
lsug fyda iel" ;l" ;l we;s lsug fkdf' th fl<skau ;u
w;alS ;=<ska ksrjq,aj lrK m%ldYhls' wid iskakkaf.a fkdfhl=;a
iel" m%,dm" u;su;dka;r ieklska wfydais hhs' ;j ;j;a isf;a wdl+,"
jHdl+, lreKq b;s ke;' ;udf.a jer" flf<ia ;udgu wjfndaO
ksis ms<sh fhug Wkka f' i;s iud hqKq f'
rd;S% ld,fha wdpdh uka meh .Kkdjla ishq iajrhlska iQ;%
iCOdhkd lr;a' tla kla uf.a o`.ldr is; Wkajykafia iCOdhkh
lrK iQ;% weiSug l=h wi<g f.dia wid isfh' tfy;a lsisjla fkdwefia' tg wE;g .sfh' kej; iCOdckh wefia' tfy;a ryis.;j
<x weiSug .shg fkdwefia' g fya;=j l=ulao @ iQ;%h l=ulahs ug
wid .ekSug fkdyels h' uuh m;a jqfk' ryis.;j wid isu ksid
,s ierhla fuka fyk y~la wefia o @ wkjYH foa lsu .ek fodia
wikakg fhs is;=fj' miqk uu Wkajykafia imhg fkd.sfh'
uf.a isf;a pls;hla we;' uu uqyqK foi fkdnefj' Wkajykafia ud
foi ne,aula fyfh' thu ug mdvula h' kej; lsisgl iQ;% iCOdhkd weisug fkd.sfh' Wkajykafia uf.a ls%hd mmdh oks;s' thg
ksis o~qj ,efnk nj k .;s'
Bg fndfyda ld,hlg miq ug f;are .sfha fl;r iQCIu wjOdkhlska Wkajykafia wjg mirh kslaIKh lrK wkaou .ekh' ta .ek
uu ka is;k g Wkajykafia ud jeks fudavfhla l< fkdukd yeisu
k ishy' tfy;a ta ms<sn| l:d fkdlr f fudav NsCIqjf.a ls%hd .ek
mr lr ney' ;jrg ud tjeks ls%hdjkays fhkd k ug iEfyk
neKqula wikakg ;snqKs' l=h <`.g .sh g iCOdhkdj kEiqfka wehs
@ Wkajykafia fyd|dldr uf.a ls%hdj l we;'
W!rka iu`. iyjdih

ud kjlfhla f,i wdpdh uka <`. me is kuq;a uf.a is;
fo.shdjls' f ms<f
s j;a /lSu ug re ke;' kla oj,a ld,fha ud je;s
isg kskaog .sfh' uu Nhdkl isyskhla gqfj' wdpdh uka ug neK
j;s' zzkqU W!frla fuka oj,a ld,fha ksohs' f W!re fldrgqjla fkdf'
231
fuys mefKk NsCIQka W!rka fuka yeisug mqyqKq lrkafka ke;' Tn

jeks wh ksid f ia:dkh W!re fldgqjla njg m;af'ZZ Wkajykafiaf.
a jpk ier mreIh ud fhka ;e;sf.k msfk' ;ju;a isysk f,df
iska ta f w; nefj' fodr <`.g f.dia ysi t<shg oud wdpdh
uka is;ahs nefj' fldfydug;a uu Wkajykafiag h we;af;la' ta
jqjo n,j;a wIaGdkhlska / isfh' Bg fya;=j th ug fyd| ksid
h hq;=hs' Wkajykafia ud jeks W!rka mqyqKq lsug w;s olaI nj ug
jegyS ;snqKs' uu jgmsgdj ne kuq;a Wkajykafia fkdfmfka' bkamiq ud
isyskhla gq nj k ;rul iekiSulg m;ah' miqk ud wdpdh uka
yuq f ish mqj; fkdj,yd lSfj' Wkajykafia oCI f,i isyskh
f;are l<y' th ug wiajeis,a,la h' tfy;a uf.a ue,slu ke;s lr
.ekSug tjeks wdor nr jpk kqiqiqhehs is;=fj'
zzTn kjlfhla f,i <`. fuys meK we;' Tn Hh jvka
wIaGdk lrf.k isk flfkls' ta ysf;a iajNdjh levm;la fuka Tn
isyskhlska l we;' ta neKqu Tng W!frla fuka fuys l,a f.jkakg
tmd hehs Ouh iska Tng l< wk;=re y`.uls' NsCIqj" Ouh hkak
w;s W;a;u ksi;anj blaujd .sh f,daflda;a;r .;s mej;=h' fndfyda
fokd lrkafka ;ukag leu;s leu;s foaj,ah' ksi;a Ndjh fyda lu
mdlh hkq l=ulahs Tjqyq fkdoks;s' merKs lshukla we;' zz;uka
;ukaj;a fkdokSZZ bka w:j;a jkafka ksid ;sika i;=kag jvd Wiia
nj fkdoks;s' iuyre ;sika i;=ka fuka j;a fj;s' ta lu mdl fkdokakd neks' ksia isrerla we;;a tys wNHka;rh ;sika .;smej;=h'
;uka tjeks Is; mqoa.,fhla nj fkdokS' lsis md,khlska f;drj leu;s
leu;s foa lr;s'
i;s" m[a[d jvk g Ouh ;=<ska ;uka ljfrlao hkak l.;
yelsh' Tnf.a isyskh fyd| wk;=re we`.uls' bka mdvula bf.k .kak'
ka u;= Tn ue,sl j,g f.dre ug bv fkd isyskh u;la lr .kak'
fuejks isysk b;d n,j;a f,i wmg kshu ud.h fmkajd fohs' yefudagu
fujeks isyk fkdfmfka' f isyskh ;=<ska Tn i;s" m[a[d jvhs' tg
blauKska is; iud.; f' f isyskh Ouh lshd fohs' Tn blauKska
u.M, ,nd .kshs' wksl=;a NsCIQkag jvd blauKska Tn ksjka olShs lshkag ne wehs @ we;e g fndfyda l,a Ndjkd l<;a ksjka ,nd .ekSug
fkdyels f' Tnf.a isyskh b;d fyd|hs' th krl isyskhla fkdf'ZZ
Tn wkjYH f,i .=rejrhdg h fkdjkak' ta fya;=fjka Tn ks;ru
lkiai,af,ka ishs' ;u f.da,hska ksis u. .uka lrug .=rejrhdg
232
hH
wjidk ld,h
j.lSula we;' Tn Tnf.a .=rejrhdg fkdj Tnf.a wl=i,a j,g h
m;ah hq;=hs' ta wl=i,a ksid ks;r lg m;af' ud f.da,hska Ndr .kafka
wkjYH f,i Tjqkag lamSvd f.k ug fkdf' NsCIqjla mqyqKq lsug
kh YsCId wjYH f' th nqrcdKka jykafia mekjQ YsCIdfjda fj;s'
.=rejrhd f YsCId wkqj ;u YsIHhska mqyqKq l< hq;=h' fuh W,a,x>kh
l< g .=rejrhd iy f.da,hd hk fofokdu wkd: f'
tneka is; ;ekam;a lrf.k ms<sfj;a mqrkak' hh hkq fodr
jD; lrk h;=r f' wffOHh fkd ikaiqka jkak' Ouh hkq th
ms<smk mqoa.,hdf.a whs;shls' kshu wdldrhg Ouh wkqj j;a jkakdg
Oufha whs;sjdisl ,ef' ta Nd.H imkak isyskh wu;l fkdlrkak'
ks;r fufkys lrkak tg W!re .;s ke;a;g ke;s hhs' tg u.a.M,
ksndk Tn <`. we;' bkamiq kshu f,df Tn ish la blaujd hhs'
th fkdje<elah yels lreKls' uu n,j;a kh .re;ajhlska m%;sm;a;s
/lafl' tys l=i, mdl ug ,e we;' tjeks ;on, kS;s ke;=j f
ud.fha .uka .; fkdyelsh' uf.a w;alS ;=<ska uu YsIHhkag Wmfoia fo'
;reK ug wdpdh uka fufia wjjdo wkqYdikd ks' uf.a isyskh
f wdldrfhka i|d ug uy;a iekiSula w;am;a lr ks' f ;reKhd
h m;a Hh w;ayer W!rka iu`. iyjdihg h;shs Wkajykafia
lreKdj lajQy' fuh tla;rd b.eka l%uhls' tu l%u b;d jD;h'
olaIh' wjfndaOfhka hqla;h' ksrjoHh" Wkajykafiaf.au ksmouls' iDcqh' tneka iuyrg jrojd f;are .; yelsh' Wkajykafia tg uy;a
fia lmdjg m;a ;udf.a woyi iqyoj m%ldY lr tfia fkdlSugo
wjidk ld,h
wIaGdk lr;s' uu ks;ru mdfya Wkajykafia yuqug f.dia l:d lf<'

ta uq,a ld,fha uf.a is; ks;ru pxp, h' l f,djla ;ekam;a jqjfyd;a
B<`.g is hhs' fufia hqKqjla iu`.u miqneiSula h' ta ld,h uu
CIsma;j iqfj' l=ula lrhs fkdoks' tg Wkajykafia ug iqyoj
l:d lrhs' ud gqg uf.a is; flfiahs wi;s' th ka fydka hqKq
we;ehs lS g i;=gg m;a ;j ;j;a fyd|g Ndjkd lrkag hehs lsh;s'
tg blauKska ish la blaujd .sh yelsh' uf.a Ndjkdj miqnis;shs lS
g ta .ek wkqlmd lr;s'
zzwmrdfoa" is; fldfya .syskao @ ;j uykais .kak' is; wdmiq ta'
fldfyafoda ria;shdf .syska ;j hh jvkak' tg is; w,a,d .;a;
yelsh' is; n,af,la jf.a' whs;sldrhd miqmi ks;r hhs' w;yer hkafka
keye' ;j ;j;a hh jvkak' tg ksrdhdifhkau ths' ys; fldfya
.shdhs fidhka ld,h kdia;s lrkak tmd' fldfya .sh;a wdmiq tkjd'
blaukg w,a,d .kag k W;aidyhla .kag fka' nelu fmkakf
q jd;a
is; n,j;a f,i bnd.df;a hhs' Tng w,a,kag fkdyels hehs" .Kka
Wiaikjd' is; .ek is;kag tmd .shd k .shdf' ta fjkqjg nqoafOda"
nqoafOd Ndjkd lrkak' fkdkj;ajdu lrkak' kej; kej; lrkak' tg
is; wdmiq ths' ta;a nqoafOd w;aykak tmd' nqoafOd hkq isf;a wdydrhhs'
wdydrh ;sfhk ;dla l,a is; tkjd' jf.k tkjd' zznqoafOdZZ Ndjkdj
lrf.k hkak' tg is; we;s ;r wdydr f.k ;Dma;su;a f' bkamiq
ksYap,j fl .kS' tg Tng;a f,dl= flhla ,efnkjd' is; tl`.
jQ g msiaiqfjka j wekafka keye' Tng lrorhla keye' f m%{dj
lrf.k .sh g is; tf,j;a hkafka keye' t;eku je,d bkakjd' f
l%uh yhgu y' mmQKhs' uqukskau ksrjoHhs' uf.a wjjdoh ms<s.
kak' zznqoafOdZZ hkq fodf h;=rhs' wdydr ;sfhk ;dla l,a is; jkafka
keye' f wdldrfhka is; ne| ;nkak' bkamiq ljodj;a bnd.df;a hkafka
keye'
fujeks l%u iy Wmfhda.s lr wm jeks wkaO N+;" fudav" isys
l,a whg Ndjkd Wmfoia fo;s' uf.a fudavlu ;=<k
s a jqjo uu Wkajykafia
Yajdi lf<' ke;fyd;a ud ;ju;a is;=,s miafia hka w;rux fj,d'
is; w,a,d .kag nej o`.,kjd' ud f .ek i|yka lf<a iuyrg
Tng fuh wdoYhla f hehs woyisks' olaI .=rejrfhla fudav YsIHhka
fydka fyda krlska wjk; lrhs' fuh ,Sf uf.a fudavlu oydmEug
fkdj Wkajykafiaf.a olaIlu oydmEugh'
239
jia ld,h wjidkfha Wkajykafia l kla nka kd fudka .f

jei miqj nka yqfha ltka le,E m%foaYfha l ld,hla / isg llrfha
mdjg .sh wdrKH fiakdikhg f.dia udi lSmhla tys iQy' tys WK
iE k .Kkla frda.S h' tfy;a lsis fnfy;la fkdf.k Ndjkd n,fhka
frda.h hgm;a l<y'
1942 wfma%,a udfha Wkajykafia WfLdka rpP;dks k.rhg meKsfha
Wkajykafiaf.a wdpdhjrfhla jQ wdpdh idf.a wju`.=,a W;aijhg
iyNd.s ugh' bkamiq nka kd fudka .f jia iQy' f ld,fha fkdfhla
Wml%u fhdod ;u YsIH msi ksis ud.fha yeisrh' k 4lg jrla /ia
Ndjkd Wmfoia fo;s' ta ;=<ska fndfyda NsCIQyq Wiia wudkqIsl Yla;s
,oy' tla tla whg ,enqK w;alS tg wdpdh uka iu`. mji;s' uf.a
mQj fya;j
= lg thg ijka ug yelsh' uu tl, t;r Ndjkd hqKj
q la
fkd,nd is kuq;a wu;l fkdjk wdYaphu;a isoaka w;agqfj' ;h
we;s ;dla th uf.a u;lfha / we;'
f ld,fha Wkajykafia wmg ie<l=f md msiakdjla f,ih' ier
mreI .;shla ;snK
q 's ka fmr ;rul wdor lreKdjla lajy
Q ' wfma jer
foi fkdn,d ishy' ka ;ka isug ld,h y hehs Wkajykafia is;=jd
h yelsh' .gu wfma jer fkdn,d ishd k Wkajykafiag th bi,sh
fkdyels nrls' YsIHfhda ksuf;a l,a hj;s' weia yer wyi fmdf<dj ;drld
foi fyda fkdn,;s' ka jQfha iefjdu wjuls' Ndjkd lsug WfoHda.
hla we;' ;ud ,enQ w;alS .ek l=,au;a jQy' Tjqyq wdpdh uka ks;r
yuq ;ud hk ud.h ksjer lr .ks;s' tu m%Yak yd W;a;r Ndjkd
Wmfoia fj;s' m%dfhda.sl Ndjkd ;=<ska yg .kakd fkdfhla w;alS fj;s'
is;Sug mjd fkdyels woaN+; foa lsh;s' th ksrdlrKh lsug wdpdh
uka ieu w;skau iu: fj;s' fuh wo ksia f,dalfha fkd,eh yels
jrm%idohls' ta yeu fokdgu wjYH Wmfoia fo;s' wid is wms ia;j
w;sYhskau ;a;dlIKhg m;auq' tu idlPd fl;r jqjo weiSfuka
;Dma;su;a fkdf' is; ksrka;rfhka Ouh flfrys fhduq h'
fuu wjia:dj, wdpdh uka fkdfhla ud;Dld hgf;a Ouh
foaYkd l<y' w;S; ; .ek o ;uka jykafiaf.a uq,a ld,h .eko"
;uka jykafiaf.a f.k .sh ms<sfj;a ud.ho" iuq;s f,dal ;rKh lr
iir l;ka t;ru .eko" f,daflda;a;r ;;a;ajh .eko fndfyda lreKq
t<sor l<y' Wkajykafiaf.a wjfndaOh ms<sn|j wid wms iefjdu f
240
wjidk ld,h
w;aneys W;= wy;ajh m%d:kd lf<uq' iuyre lauqiq jQy' wm ;=<

tjeks Yla;Ska weoahs u;shg m;auq' wms iodld,fhau f iir uv
f.fydref t isuqo @ f jf,ka f.dv fjkafka ljodo @ Wkajykafia
fujeks ial md;s' tfy;a wmg ne wehs @ ;ju;a wm wv kskafoa'
fl;r ndOl ;snK
q ;a bhg hdug wms ;SrKh lf<uq' fuh wmg Yd,
rel=,la h' Oufha Yla;sfhka wms Yla;su;a uq' wms ke.S isfhuq'
m%fndaOu;a uq' nqrcdKka jykafia wmg ka wjjdohla k kqjKe;af;da
weiqre lsugh' fuys i;H;djh wmg kqfka W;= .=rejrfhl=f.a wdY%h
,enqKq neks' ? oj,a fofla wfma foijkg fhduq jqfka wms .kajk
Ouhls' tys .uH;djh iS>%fhka jOkh h' Ouh weg j,g
ls|d nei we;' Wkajykafiaf.a .=K iuqodh wmf.a p; jOkhg fya;=
h' Bg iudk lula fkd,enqK;a lsgqfjka hkag wms iefjdu uykais
.;af;uq' fuys wks;a me;a;lao we;' wm nd, w{dk wh weiqre l<d k
ta fya;=fjka ;j ;j;a md;d,hg nisk nj ilaiqola fia meye,s uh'
f nq jok wmg fudkjg meye,s h' b;d .=K .rel mqoa.,hkaf.
a weiqr ksid ;ud .=Kj;a jk nj;a fudav wd{dkhka ksid ;uka tjeks
fudavhka jk nj;a meye,sh'
fuys uu i|yka lrkafka ndysr iudcfha isk fudavhka ms<n
s |jh'
Bg wu;rj wfma p;fha ie`. isk wNHka;r fudavhka .ek o wms
wjfndaO l< hq;=h' tk ndysr zzfyd|ZZ yeisu we;s mqoa.,hkah' f
fldGdihg NsCIq NsCIQkSka o wh;a f' nq ijka jQ f wh W;= nqoaO
jrh ordf.k iskakka fj;s' wNHka;r fudavhka hkqfjka i|yka lrkafka ;Kaydfjka uq,d " hm;a ;u isf;a ksrka;rfhka yg .kkd flf<ia
iu`. j;a jk wh f' f flf<ia lsk fudfyd;l fyda Yap;fhka
t<sor f' fujeks wYsCIs; is;s,s ;uka ;=< we;s nj;a tajdfha m%n,
Yla;sh ms<sn|j;a we;euqka fkdokS' f is;s,s h isf;a ls|d neif.k
we;' ;uka ;=< fujeks iajNdjhla we;s nj okakd kuq;a we;efula th
jrola fia fkdoks;s' ta ;u jpkh yd ls%hdj ;=<ska t<sor fkd ie`.
isk neks' tneka th .ek lsis wjOdrKhla ke;' fuu flf<ia ie`.
isu uy;a ms<sl=,a fohls' tajd t<sor fkdlr f,dalhdg zzfyd|ZZ hehs
fmkakq lsu ;j;a jrola f' fudk wdldrfhka ish;a flf<ia b;du
ms<sl=,a f' w;s W;= nqrcdKka jykafia ;u flf<ia uq,ska Wrd h
hq;= nj foaYkd lr we;' Wkajykafia iy ;u wy;a Y%djl msi flf<iqka
flfrka ky' Wkajykafia,df.a h is; wNHka;rh iy ndysr yeisu
flf<ia rys; neka b;du msis f' f ksid ksrka;rhfka is; iekiSug
241
m;a we;' ndysr wruqKq ksid flf<ia ke.S taula ke;' ud is;k hg
uf.a mqoa,sl w;alSu wkqj wdpdh uka tjeks ksflf<ia flfkls' ud
fuh i|yka lrkafka Y%oaOd Nla;sfhka muKla fkdj imQK j.lSula
we;sjh' fuh i;Hhla nj uu taldka;fhkau oks' f ms<sn| ielhla
wef;d;a th ud fj; mjrkq uek' th wdpdh uka flfrys fkdflfjd'
udr W.=f,ka Wkajykafia .e, .sfhah'
jia ld,fhka miq wdpdh uka nka kd fudka .f udi lSmhla jev
ishy' B<`. jia ld,h jk g nka fLdla .ug jehy' tys fjk;a
wdrdKH fiakdikhlg .shy' th wdpdh fldxud rmqf[a[ NsCIqj
iska idod mQcd lrk ,' th b;d iqj myiq neka ksfrda.S h' fjkod
fuka ksrka;rfhkau Ndjkd Wmfoia NsCIQka jykafia,dg fok ,'
wjqre ;=kla muK ld,hla f wjg mirfha . ksh . kqka
jkjdiS fikiqkaj, wdpdh uka jdih l<y' ksrka;rfhka wukqIHh
foaj msi iu`. Ou idlPd mej;=Ks' tfy;a f ifldka kfLdka .f
hdx udhs fuka fohka jefha ke;' Bg fya;=j . wdYs%; neks' mqo
mQcd mj;ajk g fndfyda fo le, mefK;s' fmdfyda khkays o" udi
mqcd ffjYdL mQcd khkayso jia t<u jia mjdrK khkayso fojre
Yd, jYfhka mefK;s'
f fikiqfka l= wvq neka NsCIqka jykafia,d l fofkla muKla
jia t<U ishy' kjl NsCIqka Ndr .ekSu fkdyels jQfha l= ke;s neks'
fufia jQfha jia ;=ka udih ;=<h' wks;a ld,j, fndfyda NsCIQyq jev
ishy' fndfyda NsCIQyq luia:dk ,ndf.k ;u wdrKHh fikiqkaj,g
f.dia mqyqKq jQy'
jia wjidkfha .sys mskaj;=ka rdYshla ifldka kfLdka m%foaYfhka
wjq;a Wkajykafiag B<`. jia iSug wdrdOkd l<y' tys hdug ;snQ .uka
ud.h >k le<E ;=<sks' jd ld,fha .uka lrka rd;S% ld,fha le<Ej
;=< ,e`.= f.k k .Kkdjlg miq tys .shy'
tfy;a l klg miq Wkajykafiag uef,ahd frda.h je<Ks'
tu frda. ,CIKh k jka jr iS;, .eys .eyS isg miqj ;ka WK
.kS' fuh udi .kka la h hq;= frda.hls' ta WKh bjrhla ke;sj
mj;S' kej; kej;;a f frda. ,CIK u;=f' udihla muK iqj isg
kej;;a frda.h u;=f'
242
wjidk ld,h
uu l,ska i|yka l< wkaoug nEkdg uef,ahd WK iEk g

kekaoud WrK f' f,vd wksl=;a kEhskag uy;a johls' ks;ru ksod .kS'
ks;ru wdydr .kS' tfy;a lsisu jevla l< fkdyel' uef,ahd frda.h
tneka fndfyda ld,hla la foa' ta ld,fha uef,ahd frda.hg fnfy;a
T!IO fkd;snqKs' th bfu ke;sf' ke;fyd;a urKhg m;af' wjqre
.Kkdjla f frda.fhka fmf<k wh is;s' fmd orejkaf.a wdudYH
t<shg fkrd t;s' buqK ms,sydjla ksid ukao fmdaIKh we;' le<E no
mam;a ckhd fuu frda.hg f.dre f' msg m<d;aj,ska meKs whg fuu
frda.h Tfrd;a;= fokafka ke;'
OQ;dx. NsCIqka w;r fkdfhla g uef,ahd frda.h me;s .sfhah'
le<E no llrfha yeisfrk NsCIQkg
a fuh je<ks' uef,ahdj wNsudkj;a
fohla k ug;a uef,ahd je<k nj wdvnrfhka lsj yelsh' ulaksido
b;du wdndOhg m;a ud ;r T;am, jQfhla ke;s ;r f' jia
;=ka udihu WK .ekS .eys .eyS isfh' wjqre .Kkdjla th uf.a
Yr.; ;snqKs' me Ialr hla .; lrk kuq;a fujeks frda.
ksid bjikakg ne ;;a;ajhla Woa.; f' uu f l ;=<ska ;j ;j;a
f,dal iajNdjh wjfndaO lf<'
ifldka kfLdka m%foaYfha nx fkdx *s .f jdih lrK ld,fha
fndfyda NsCIQyq tys OQ;dx. msug meKshy' iuyrg 20-30 kula is;s'
wksl=;a NsCIqka wjg .j, jdih lrka wdpdh ukaf.ka Wmfoia ,n;s'
Wfmdi: khkays f wjg .jdis NsCIqka 30-40la muK wd.ka;=lj
mefK;s' uq ixLHdj 50-60la ;r f' wdpdh uka fidhka fndfyda
wE; isg tk ish .Kka NsCIQyq o fj;s' oj,a ld,fha ta NsCIqka olakg
ke;' >k jkdka;rfha .ia uq,a wd ;ekays Ndjkdf fhfo;s' ie;mq 10la
muK wjg mirh le,Efjka .yK h' l w;r msys f jkdka;rj,
. m<, bula fldkla ke;sj me;sr mej;=Ks'
f ksid wdpdh ukaf.a jdiia:dkh OQ;dx. NsCIQkg
a iqiq mirhla
h' m%d;sfudCId foaYkd lsug yd fkdfhla j;a ms<sfj;a ms<sn| khdkql+, mqyqKqjg o Ndjkd mqyqKqjgo f m%foaYh iqiq h' ks;r wdpdh
uka yuq m%Yak ksrdlrKh lr.; yels neks' .sisLr w;r .,a .=yd"
f,ka iajdNdlj ;snqKs' l m,a, iys; iu N+ Nd.h" .,a mj;
l j,ska .ykh' wE;ska b;d l=vd.udk msysfhah' w;= fi,s l<
l=vd me,am;aj, jdih lrk .efhda mjq,a 4-5 muK fj;s' Tjqyq l=vd
fnda. je,s" fyaka" f.d;eka l<y' OQ;dx. NsCIQyq fuu me,am;a j,ska
243
msKavmd; flfr;s' w;ka m;r l=vd .udk w;' tys me,am;a 10-30 la
muK is we;'
fuu nx kx *s .udkh msysfha y;r jka l .eg j,ska wdjrKh jQ kskhlh' yels;r le,E fmfoi t<slr .uq j.d l<y'
bka msg; we;af;a >k jkdka;rhhs' f ;eka j, we;s jdiia:dk OQ;dx.
NsCIQkag wjYH ksy~ mirhls' jia ld,h ;=< o .S%Iau iD;=fo fndfyda
OQ;dx. rlsk NsCIQyq f jkdka;rfha Ndjkd l<y' h,s foaY .=Ksl
ld,fha .ukd.ukh myiq neka fndfyda r l;r isg NsCIQyq wdpdh
uka yuqug meKshy'
md .ukska tk .sys msio fndfyda jQy' fudag jdyk myiql fyda
ud. ke;' ish fokdu ie;mq .Kkdjla md .ukska h;s' l,d;=rlska
lr;a; mdrla f.a f.dka lr;a; j, ke.S jhil ia;S%yq .uk .;ay'
ye;emau 12la muK ud.h lr;a; mdrls' l w;ka iE we;s ud.h"
j, f.d~e,s ksid w;s Ialrh' l jf hk lr;a; mdr ie;mq 15la
muK f' vd ixisjd .ekSug w;r u. . ke;' wdydr fyda kej;S
rd;s%h .; lsu
s g kjd;eka ke;' m%dfoaYh
S mdr f.a tlu jdykhla km;d
hhs' th fkd,enqfKd;a uq oji mqrd B<`. jdykh tk ;=re n,d ish
hq;=h'
OQ;dx NsCIQyq fuu jdyk j, fkdh;a' md .ukska hEu Bg jvd
myiq f' f jdyk ksikaf.ka ms we;' ilauka Ndjkdfjka fufia
. ud. f.a .uka lsu tu NsCIQkaf.a tla;rd m%;sm;a;shls' wij,a
llrhg hdug ;SrKh lr.;a miq wmdr f.a yqol,dj .uka .ks;a'
B<`. ukqIH jdih we;af;a fl; rhs fkdoks;s' ljr jeug fmr
tjeks .udkhlg hdug yelsfhs fkdoks;s' ijia jk ;=re .uka lr
hlsis iqiq N+hl rd;s%h .; lr miqod WoEik kej; .uk wdrN
lr;s' .udkhlg .sh miq msKavmd;h ,ef' .f ksiqkaf.ka ,enqK
wdydrh tl;= lr md;%fha nydf.k kej; .uk wdrN lr;s' ta wh ms<.
s
kajk kEu wdydrhlska hefma' wdydr b;d mam;a whf.ka ,efnk neka
ri .=Kfhka f;dr jqjo" th i;=ka ms<s.ks;s' oji .; lsug hefmk
wdydr m%udKhla ,nd .ks;s' bkamiq ikaiqka .ukska kej; ;u ud.h
f.a .uka .ks;s' ;uka wruqKq l< ia:dkhg meKs miq iqiq mirhla
fidhd .ks;s' ;ukaf.a mqoa.,sl iem myiqj msKsi tu ia:dkh ilia lr
.ks;s' msis c, myiql we;s ;ekla ,nd .ekSu b;du wjYH f'
244
wjidk ld,h
;djld,sl l+vdrula blr bkamiq n,j;a mY%ufhka Ndjkdj

wdrN lr;s' ? oj,a fofla ka g ilaufka fyda jd fyda Ndjkdf
fhfoa' i;s" m[a[dfjka iud ixl,amkdfjka hlsis Ouhla fufkys
lr;s' tg is; tl`. iud ksy~ f' is;
s ,s ke;s neka is; ikaik
q a
f' bkamiq iudfhka ke.s isg is;g wd h wruqKla miaikd lr;s'
ndysr f,dalfhka tk wruqKq ks;ru ;u bJshkag ixf f' tfukau
;u isf;a we;s is,s .ek o Yrfha w;s bJsh tu wruqKq j,ska p,kh
u foi o n,d is;s' tys mkdu Ouh ykd .kS' iEu fohlau
we;s ke;s hhs' fjkia fjka mj;S' is; wdlIKh jQ h wruqKla
wf;d;a th ;SCIK m[a[dfjka m%ydKh lrhs' m[a[dfjka ish kdu
rEm Ou uIKh lrhs' ta ta iajNdjh ykd .kS' i;Hh jQ mrud:
iajNdjh wjfndaO jQ g wruqKq flfrys we,S" .e' ref' flf<ia
uq,ska Wmqgd ug m[a[dj Wmfhda.S lrhs' bkamiq wruqKq w;ay' f
wdldrfhka flf<ia uq,skau Wmqgd ouhs' is; ;=<ska ksrka;rfhkau ndysr
wruqKq ia:qg u foi n,d isk g tys we;s ;s,CIKh fyj;a wks;Hh"
laL" wkd;au iajNdjh ykd .kS' fuu oYkdj ms<sn| h ielhla
wef;d;a OQ;dx. NsCIQyq wdpdh uka fj; meK ;u .egj ksrdlrkh
lr .ks;s' bkamiq kej;;a ;u yqol,d mirhg meK Ndjkd lr;s'
fndfyda OQ;dx. NsCIQyq wdpdh ukaf.ka Ndjkd Wmfoia ,nd .ks;'s
Wkajykafiaf.a wimqfjys f NsCIQka kj;d .ekSug bv lv fkdue;s
neka Wmfoia ,ndf.k fjk;a yqol,d fikiqka wjg le,E m%foaYfha
idodf.k Ndjkdj wrU;s' iuyr g fofofkla h;s' mhska wek r
m%udKhl f fikiqk we;s neka ks;r wdpdh uka yuqug yelsf'
iuyre ie;mq 4-8 olajd r m%udKhla f;dard .ks;s' iuyre ie;mq 1215 muK r fjfi;s' tjeks r isg mefKk NsCIQyq rd;S% ld,h wdpdh
ukaf.a wimqf k;r fj;s'
tl, mej;s w mdr fyda lr;a; mdr ka olakg yels mdrj,a
fuka fkdf' tajd ldkq yE jeis c,fhka le .sh j, f.dvj,a f' wE;
w;S;fha isg tys mqrdK uq;=ka ;af;da .uka .;a mdrj,a f' .f ksiaiq
fjd fidhd .ks;s' fndfyd l,d;=rlska lsisfjla f mdf .uka .ks;a'
tneka .ia .=nhkaf.ka jeiS f.dia mdr fidhd .ekSu Ialrh' hfula
fu wvfha wmdr cd,h fkdokafka k mdr jer Nhdkl m;g m;af'
w;= fn we;s wmdr jk i;=ka .ukd .ukh lr iE wef;d;a .udkhla fidhd .ekSug fkdyelsj w;rux f' wdydr" jIdj" rd;s%h" jk
245
i;=kaf.ka jk h wdh ksid o wl fjfyi ksido ;CIhg mefKa'

ie;mq 12-15 w;r l=vd .udkhla ? fnda ug fmr fidhd .; hq;=h'
l,d;=rlska ovhldrfhla uqK .efia' tg mdr wid k .; yelsh'
r mreI yslau l%u

Ou rifhka mskd.sh OQ;dx. luia:dk NsCIqj ; m;Hd.
fhka fkdfhla l lfgd bjihs' ; mrjg ;nd >k jkdka;rfha
j;a fj;s' w;s oCI .=rejrhla jQ wdpdh uka fihd .ekSu j,
fohls' i;=ka j; ms<sfj;a msug fhduq lsu myiq fkdf' Wkajyakfia
yuqjk yeu fudfyd;lu l=vd orejka foudmshka lSf fuka ye`.S
W;af;ackh f' i;=ka mskd h;s' bka kef.k Y%oaOdj f.!rjh wiS;h'
ish fokdf.a ; wdrlaIdj Wkajykafia fj; mej we;' tfukau
Wkajykafiag ; m;Hd. lsug jqjo i;=gls' wE; r m<d;aj, jdih
lrk g jqjo fujeks ienehdjla we;' fl;r la kao;a fl;r
r mreI foa weiqj;a l ke;' ;u .=re Nla;sh fkdief,a' w`. ys`.l
fl<jrla ke;' tfy;a yoj; Oufhka ms we;' wka ishu fohg jvd
Ouh wjYH f' iuyr rd;s%h ;=< ksod .kafka t<sjk ;=re lvd yef,k
OdrdKsmd; jeiafiah' l=re meg fuka .; is; fj,;s' tfy;a n,j;a
hhfhka wIaGdkh Ouh wjfndaO lsuh'
OQ;dx. NsCIQka le,Ef j;a jk g ,efnk w;alS .ek weiSu
mjd iauh f.k foa' jk i;=ka fuka uy;a lska l,a f.j;s' wdjrKhla
fkdue;sj u ksod .ks;s' is;g iem myiqjla fokafkau ke;' ;o la
ksid is; iem m%d:kd fkdlrhs' fuh iaj leue;af;kau lrk hhls'
;ukag kakg yels m%udKh l=ulahs ;uka iskau fidhd .kS' k
.Kkla fkdks|d isu" wdydr fkd.ekSu" k .Kkla ilaufka isu" jd
iudfhka isu" ? oj,a fkdlvjd tlu bhfjka isu" fldkaf.
a .uka ud.fha jd iud.; u" k .Kka fidfydka N+fha rd;s%h
.; lsu" tku wdodykh l< u< kshla foi n,d isu" uy l nEjq
j, Ndjkd lsu" rd;s%fha jy jkdka;rfha fidhka f.dia Nhxlr fmfoil Ndjkd lsu" fldkaf.ka .yK jQ le,E frdoj, .ia hg Ndjkd
lsu wdh f' f ksid is; Nhska ;%ia; tla;eka " iud .; f' f
ish,a, w;ayod nef tlu wruqKlsks' is;g la is; fu,a, lsugh'
lska Nhska ;%ia; jQ is; bnd.df;a wruqKq fidhka fkdhhs'
h NsCIqjla f hlsis mqyqKq f l%u tlla fyda Bg je .Kkla
246
wjidk ld,h
Nd;d lr ;u wjYH ;a; iudh we;s lr .kS o ta w;r jkd mdv

bf.k .kS' ta ksid OQ;dx. NsCIQyq fuejks rECI m%;sm;a;s wkq.ukh
lr;s' wdpdhh uka jqjo fujeks m%;sm;a;sfhys fh ;u wkq.dlhskag
th mqre l<y' ;uka oCI f,i ;u is; yslaujd .kakd l%uh meye,s
l<y' fufia Yla;su;a jQ is; fnd<| foa ksid fkdief,a' w;S;fha fujeks
rECI m%;sm;a;s wkq.ukh lr we;' tfy;a f l%u uE;l w;ayk ,'
kuq;a tajd wo jk ;=re;a OQ;dx. NsCIQka wkq.ukh lr;s' Yrhg
la u fuys wNsm%dh jqjo f;kdj b;d msis neka Ou ud.fha
is; yiqrejhs' fujeks mqyqKqjla id:l ug k is;g n,y;aldrfhka
;ck jck lsug wjYH f'
wms la .ek i<ld n,k g bka we;sjk mdl yd ixikaokh
l< fkdyelsh' bka b;d M,odhs mdl ,ef' YS,h" bjiSu ,o fohska i;=gq
u" kh wd m%n, w;d,ula u; iudh f.dv kef.a' fuu .;s .=K
ksid b;d w.h lrkjd' tu .;s.=K /l .ekSu" tfukau Ialr neka
iEu fudfydf;au i;s m[a[dfjka l,a f.j;s' jevlg ke;s jK"
Is; foa fufia wdrlaId lsug wjYH fkdf' mqoa.,hdf.a jkdlu
r|d mj;skafka yDo YdCIshg wkqj hq;=l lrka ;u p; jOkh is
lsfuks' Bg fndfyda fjfyi h hq;=h' f jkd .=K Ou imsu ksid
wms kq;a wkd.;fha;a i;=g ,nuq' OQ;dx. NsCIQka wms w.h lrkafka
Wkajykafia,df.a wm%;sy; ffOHh ;=<ska ;u ms<sfj;a rlsk neks' ta
;=<ska isf;a Ouh m%;sIaGdmkh flf'
Ouh fyd|dldr rlsk ;dla l,a nqoaO Ydikh mj;S' Ydikfha
m%;smdl ,efnkafka ta wkqj yeisfrk whg muKs' tg YsIag m%;sM,
,ef' fuh fudfyd;ska fudfyd; h yels mdl f' nqrcdKka jykafia
f i;HdjfndaOh ,nd f,dalhdg tu mKsvh ka fial' f i;H .fIKh
lrkafkda nq oyu ms<sm;s' tfy;a kEjg tmdjg" fudav woCI Ndjfhka
nq oyu ms<smk g Ydikfha n,h ySk f' tjeks wh wfn!oaOhkaf.
a mjd .erySug m;af' ienE i;Hh f p;=rdh i;Hhhs' tu uq Yajhu tlfy<d ms<s.; hq;= i;Hhls' nq flfkl=f.a w;smdY=oaO uyd
n,j;a is;lska foaYkd l< i;Hhka neks' hfula ;=< f i;Hh ms<sn|
Wkkajla ke;ak fyda wjfndaOhla ke;ak Tyq f,dalhd bfha ksula
ke;s jdo fNao" flf<ia odyhg" yiqjkafka m%dK wem lrefjl= f,isks'
fuu hgg ls|d nei we;s flf<ia uq,a cd,dj Ydikh iska uq,ska is|
oud we;s njg idCIs jYfhka nqjreka jykafia,d iy ry;ka jykafia,d
fmkS is;s' ud ;djld,sl ud;Dldfjka msg mksk neka ug iudjqj uekj'
247
bka Tmamq jkafka ud ;ju;a kS;s .rel ke;s njls' Bg fya;=j WoaOp
ksid is .sh iyc .;s mej;= f' r mreI OQ;dx. mqyqKq .ek
l:d lsu uf.a p; iajNdjhla we;' ta mqyqKqj t;r weg" uia f,a
j,g kso f.dia we;' wjxl f m%;sm;a;s /lSfuka taldka; m%;sM,
,ef' isf;a we;s ovnr" keyep" wdvnr" .;sh lska l ref'
Ydl Yla;sh we;sg fuu .;s ;j ;j;a Yla;su;a mek k.S' lEu
wvq lsu" ksrdydr u" ks jeu" ilauk" yska fndfyda f,d Ndjkd
lsu ksid is; fu,a, Ou ud.fha hdug tl`. f' wka l%u fha.H
jkafka fldkag Nh" fyd,auka j,g Nh .ek ;u is;;a iu`. igka je
ta h mrdch lsugh' Nh f wdldrfhka wvq ke;s hhs' tg isf;a
n, mrdl%uh ;ukagu wjfndaO f' ;ukag lr lshd .kag ne g wuq;=
Yla;shla isf;a yg .kS' Wod( Yrfha bjikag ne fokdjla yg.;a
g th wNsnjd hdug is; Hh .kS' is; hlsis ;SrKd;aul wNsfhda.
hlg uqyqK ka g ;u i;s" m[a[d ;shqKq f' udrdka;sl igklg
t<Uqk g l< fkdyels fohla ke;' f jkdys isf;a iajNdjhhs' fueks
lsis wNsfhda.hlg uqyqK fkd isk g isf;a imQK Yla;sh mek
ke.Sug wjia:djla ke;'
i;s" m[a[d jOkh lsug b;du iqiq jkafka ;ukag we;s h
m%Yakhla iug fhdod .kakd wd;au m;Hd.hhs' th bIag lr .ekSug
;ukag iqiq w;ayod ne,S j,ska tlla f;dard .; hq;=hs' th ls%hd;aul
jk g ;u is; ksy~ f' f yeu l%uhlskau iauh ckl M, mdl
,ef' fyd,auka j,g Nh mqo.
a ,hd kS lk;a;l rd;s%h .; l< g ta h
;=rka f' fldkag we;s h re lsug rd;s%h ld,h fldkaf.ka .yk
jQ mirhl iSug is;g n, l< hq;=h' wdydrj,g we;s lEorlu ke;s
lsug wdydr .ekSu wvq lsug fyda ksrdydrj isug n, l< hq;=h'
wms iefjdu fyd| wdydr re lruq' fyd| wdydr lEfuka wms i;=gg
m;afhehs Yajdi lruq' m%Yakh jkafka ;Kaydf w;Dma;slr Ndjhhs'
fl;r ,enqK;a ;j ;j;a n,dfmdfrd;a;=f' fl;r wmyiq jqj;a ;u
w;Dma;slr ;Kaydj iEySulg m;a lsug jEh lrk nj fkdf;af'
Oufha yeisfrk wh ;u w;Dma;slr wdYdj l=ulahs wjfndaO lr th
hg;a lsug ;on, ;SrKj,g t<h hq;=f' OQ;dx. NsCIQka fuh wjfndaO lr .;a g ;udu ;ukag kh mkjd .ks;s' ;u llI meje;au
;=<ska ta wdidj hgm;a lr;s' h wdydrhla .ek jemqr leue;a;la
wef;d;a ;udg o~qjula jYfhka ta wdydrh jckh lrhs' ta fjkqjg
;uka fkdleu;s wdydr j<hs' Tyqg wdydr jemqr .kag is;=k g wdydr
248
wjidk ld,h
m%udKh wvq lrhs' fl;r fyd| wdydr j. ;snK

q ;a ish,a, m%;f
s CIam lr
n;a muKla j<|;s' Yla;sh f.k fok wdydr ksid Ydl ls%hdld;ajh
ukfia ls%hdld;ajh hgm;a lrhs' tg Ndjkd lsug fkdyels f' tg
;ud Hh jef m%;sM,h ySk f' f .egj Woa.; jQ g uqrKavq Ndjhlska ta ;Kaydj jOkh ug bv fkdfoa' oCI .=rejrfhl=f.a
wdNdIh ,;a NsCIqj ;udf.a w.=K j,l fufia hgm;a lrhs' ;udf.
a mqre wdidjka lmd y'
fufia wdydr ms<sn| iqmlaIdldj m%;HfCId lrK OQ;dx.
NsCIqj ;u ;Kaydjg myr .ykakdla fukau kskao .eko iqmCIdld
fjhs' kskaog hkafka wij,a f,djg msfok nj is;df.kh' leu;s
fj,djg kskaog f.dia leu;s fj,djg msug mqreoaola ke;' Ouhg
reoaO hula lsfuka j<lshs' kh kS;s /lSug jvd ;u isf;a mj;sk
Ou;djh .ek jvd;a wjOdrKh flf' ;u isf;a Ouh ks;ru mj;S'
th miqneiSula ke;' fufia ;u is; wdrlaId lsu b;du wiSre lreKls'
we;af;kau tjeks Ialr wka fohla Yajfha ke;'
f,dal iu;hg hg;a isk g flf<ia jOkh ug bv
we;' hlsis m%udo fodaIhla ksid flf<ia W;aikak f' tg th md,kh
lsug fkdyelsh' fudfyd;lska th is; ;=<g x.d .;a miq jOkh
f f.h ksKh l< fkdyelsh' bka ;udg m;la jk nj ksielju
ms<s.; hq;=h' weismsh .ik ld,hla ;=< ,CI ixLHd; flf<ia jOkh
f' th md,kh lsug fkdyels neka wms wirK fjuq' ,sx.sl wdiajdo
fujeks md,kh lsug fkdyelsj ke.S tkakd jQ flf<ia jk w;r thska
ug o fkdyels f' ,sx.sl wdiajdohg we;s wdYdj kdYld" jrold
.;shlska is;g n,mdhs' fu;r ,ecd Nh iqka hk wka lsis flf<ia
fkdue;s ;rh' f,dalfha ish fokdu leu;s neka f flf<ia Yla;su;a
" uy;a fia kdYld u muKla fkdj iS,dpdr .;s | ouhs' Ouh
rlsk wh .ek muKla fuu flf<ia ;rul hla olajhs' fjk lsis
fohlg jvd Nh we;sjkafka nqjre iy ry;=ka bfhah' f wdhh
mqoa.,fhda imQKfhkau tu flf<ia r`.mdk fi,a,msh kdY lr
we;s neka Wkajykafia,df.a is;g msiSug fkdyelsh' is; w,a,d .ekSug
l=reudkula ke;' tfy;a wka ish fokdu tu n,hg hg;a lr uy;a la
lror jHjikhkag md;% lr;s'
OQ;dx. NsCIQka fuu flf<ia j,ska we;sjk mSvdld iajNdjh ykd
.ks;a' tneka flf<ia is| | ug fu;r " r m%;sm;a;s wkq.
249
ukh lr;s' NsCIqka jykafia,d ysi uqvq lr jr ord.;a wh jqjo flf<ia

j,ska ksoyia ula ke;' ly jrh hkq udr n,h | ouk ch.%dyS
ixfla;hls' kuq;a flf<ia j,ska is; uev.;a l,ays isjqre yer hdugo"
flf<ia iu`. igk w;ayeugo tu NsCIqjf.a jhi fyda fcHIag;ajh
fkdi<ld wkaO N+; f,i fudayfhka ksjk jid,Sugo fm<f' f
flf<iaj, iajNdjhhs' f nj jgyd .;a OQ;dx. NsCIqj n,y;aldrfhkau
flf<ia re lsug fkdfhla l%u iy Wmfhda.S lr .ks;'a fkdfhla la
llfgd igfkys fhfo;a' tfia fkdlrK g flf<ia chf.k NsCIqjg
yd jrhg kskaod wmydi muqKqjd iskdfi;a' Bg;a jvd kdYld jkafka
zzix>r;akhgZZ lrK ks.%yhhs' fujeks Ialr m%;sm;a;s ;=<ska ;u jrh
yd Ouh wdrlaId f' ixidl la blaujd hdug Ouh ms<sn| Y%oaOd
nqoah we;s lrf.k lsish khl ;ud ch.%dyS jk nj is;d OQ;dx.
NsCIqj ;u wIaGdk wkqj is; Yla;su;a lr .ks;a' nq oyka muKla
fuu ud.h fih hq;=h' th tlu ud.h f' th fYaI kqula yd
Wkkajla we;s whg muKla iSudf' th fjk lsis myiq l%uhlska l<
yels fohla o fkdf' fjk;a ud. wef;d;a tajd ndOl wjysr j,ska
.yk neka tys ch.%yKhla fkdue;' tu ud.fha hfula .uka .;a
g ksielfhkau uy;a mSvdjg m;a ;ud ;=< we;s Y%oaOdj ySk ud.h
ms<sn| iel we;s fuh fkdl< yels fohla hehs w;ay' tneka fjk;a
ud. ;=<ska imQK uqla;sh fkd,ef'
fujeks W;= wdpdhjrfhla ug l<ska wdpdh uka m%;m
s ;a;s fohla
jef iqidk N+h wod< ke;s wkjYH fohla f,i is;+y' ;uka wjidk
yqiau fy miq fld;ekl wdodykh l<;a l ke;' Ouh fjkqfjka
fld;ek u<;a l ke;' miqj ;u wkq.dlhkag lreKq bm;a lrK
g ;ukaf.a is; hqKq ;shqKq lr.;a njla w;sJshkaf.a ls%hdld;ajh
;=<ska wudkqIsl lreKq wjfndaO l< nj;a meye,s h' ta ;=<ska woyia
m%ldY lrk g ish,a,kaf.a is;a W;af;ackh ls%hd;aul lsug Wkka
lrjhs' flf<ia j, w;s udhdld /ju Wkajykafiaf.a uqjy;a m%{dfjka
wruqKq lr ;u YsIHhkag myod kag tu flf<ia uq,ska Wmqgd ug
yelsf' f wdldrfhka tu YsIH msi ;u flf<ia ch.%yKh lrka
la blauj;s' iir bmu yd urKh blauj;s' iir ;rKh lr;s' iir
hkq tla Wm;la ;j;a Wm;lg mj;kh uls' tfy;a yo ;=< mj;sk
l tlfia mj;S' fl;r jdrhla bmk;a yojf;a l ke;sula ke;'
w;a ;h hkq kej;;a la f.k fok WmlrKhls' bka kej; kej;;a
kdYhg m;auls' lsish Njhl bmug n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdh hq;=hs'
250
wjidk ld,h
th ysrlrefjla tla isr f.hl isg ;j;a isrf.hlg udre uls' Tyq
;ju;a isr Ndrfha ishs' tys we;s ksoyila ke;' kqjKe;af;da fuu
Wmam;a;s urK fol ksid ixidrfha Nhdkl nj oks;'s yojf;a is;=,s tla
.sksf.k fjk f.hlska msg ;j;a .sksf.k fjk f.hlg msiSuls'
fld;ekl bmk;a f ;;a;ajh fufia uehs' f wd foaYk wdpdh uka
ks;sm;d ;u OQ;dx. NsCIQkag foka yslauj;s' iuyrg f lshjk Tn
fujeks foaYkd j,g leu;s fjkdj we;'
Wfmdi: khkays kqka isk NsCIQka jykafia,d 40-50 la muK
meKs g ta whg OudkqYdikd flfr;s' wdpdh uka lrk f foaYk
tys fkajdislj jev isk NsCIQkag lrK foaYk j,g jvd fnfyka
fjkia f' tys idrh b;d jeo.;a jqjo OQ;dx. NsCIQkag fok foaYkd is;
kso f.dia flf<ia iqkq iqKq fj;s' is; l=i,;djfhka iud .;
;ud bkafka fldfyahs okafka ke;' tu m%;HCIh fl;r iqjodhl hs
jpkfhka lsh fkdyelsh' k .Kkdjla hk ;=re isf;a flf<ia fkdk.S'
th Wkajykafia wNsfhda.hg uqyqK uls' tfy;a l klg miq kej;;a
flf<ia kue;s kd.hd fmkh mqmamd is; ji`. lrhs' ta jk g B<`.
foaYkhg ijka ug we;' kej;;a flf<ia hgm;a NsCIQka jykafia,d
lSm kl iykhg m;af'
ishu OQ;dx. NsCIQyq Oufha yeisug uy;a fjfyi or;a' iir
la ;rKh lsu tlu wruqKhs' flf<ia Wrd u ;ks ;ksju l<
hq;=hs' tneka .=re WmfoaYkh b;d jeo.;a f' ;udg ih fkdyels
udkisl Ydl .egjla meKs g hqyqiqj ;u wdpdhjrhd yuq
ish ;;= m%ldY lr;a' oCI wdpdhjrhd tu .egjg fya;= idOl
fidhd bka u;=jk m%Yak" iel" nh" l" ksjdrKh lrhs' iuyrg
Wkajykafiaf.a foaYkh ;=<ska bfu m%Yakhg ms<s;=re ,ef' bkamiq ;u
Ndjkd ndOl u`. ye hhs'
fufia Ndjkd lrk fhda.S NsCIQkag ;u ;SCIK nqoafhka ;udf.
a hqKqj ms<sn|jo wka whf.a hqKqj yd wdpdjrhdf.a hqKqj ms<sn|
jegfya' f ksid wfkHdakH Yajdih" in|;djh ;yjqre f' h NsCIqjla ;udf.a Ndjkd w;alS .ek m%ldY lrk g Tyqf.a .uka ud.
fha ie;mq lKq miqlr we;s ;;= jegfya' bka Wkajykafiaf.a Ndjkd
hqKqj ksKh l< yelsh' .=rejrhdg ;u Ndjkd w;alS lshk go
wik m%Yak ;=<skao" Tyqf.a hqKqf ugu fy<s f' .=rejrhdf.a CIKsl
ms<s;=re i ;=<ska ta .=rejrhdf.a hqKqf ugu fy<sf' .=rejrhd
251
;=< tu w;alS we;sg bka bhg hdug Wmfoia fohs' h .egjl

we;s fya;= idOl b;d oCI wkaoka fmkajd ka g YsIHhd th ms<s.kS'
iuyr g fhda.Ska jer ks.ukj,g nei .ks;a' ;ud ish flf<iqka
kid W;= ksjka wjfndaOh ,nd we;ehs is;;s' th jer k .=rejhd
Bg fya;= idOl fmkajd fohs' tg ;udg jerk ldrKh jegyS bka
kej; Ndjkdj wrUhs'
Oq;dx. NsCIQyq ;u ;ukaf.a Ndjkd w;alS idlPd lrK g
;uka meKs isk ;;a;ajh .ek iel re lr .ks;s' th ;udg m%;HCI
jQ wjfndaOhls' .=rejrhd isg kjlhd olajd fufia ;udf.a Ndjkd hqKqj
.ek iel re lr .ks;s' fuh ;u iyc nqoafhka f;are lr .kafka
flfiahs uu fkdoks' tu oCI;djh uu Tn fj; mjr' th fYaI
olaI;djhla neka iqfYaI l=i,;djhkaf.ka ,eh hq;=h'
wdpdh uka iu`. ksrka;rfhka idlPd lsu fya;=fjka OQ;dx.
NsCIQka jykafia iu`. lsgq in|;djhla we;s lr .ks;s' Wkajykafia
flfrys ;snQ wiS; f.!rjh yd Yajdih ksid ;u ;h Wkajykafiag
mskeuQy' fuu wp, Y%oaOdj ksid Wkajykafiaf.a jpkh ysia uqkska
ms<s.;ay' Bg fya;=j Wkajykafia ks;ru i;Hfhka i;Hh .,md l:d
lsuhs' mqoa.,sl u;h fyda ks.ukh fyda wkqudkh fkdolaj;s'
f ,shk uuo ;rul mqoa.,sl u;Od flfkla fj' wka whf.a
ksYaphg fkdkefu' f ksid wdpdh uka iu`. jqjo jdo lr' ;l
lr' uu Wkajykafiaf.a jdomkak lrorld tla;rd YsIHfhla fj'
iuyrg uf.a jdoh W.% ud Wkajykafiaf.a f.da,fhla nj;a Wkajykafiaf.a wkqYdikd ,eh hq;= flfkla nj;a wu;l f' ud Wkajykafiaf.
a .=rejrhfla fkdjk nj wu;l f' uf.a u;fha t,afnka udk ia:
Nfhka ksNh fj' f yeugu ud neg ldf.k mrdchg m;afj'
tys jeo.lau jQfha i;Hh .e we;af;a uf.a u;h ;=<o ke;ak .=rejrhdf.a m%{dj ;=<hs uu fyd|dldr wOHhkh lsuhs' ud jdo lrK
g th f>daId ;r`.hla f' uu Yo k.d jdohg t<fU' ishu i;Hh
we;af;a Wkajykafiaf.a me;af;a' uf.a uq,dj wyi Wig ke. we;' yeu
gu mrd; igkls' uu isysika jQ g fndfyda f,d fndfyda .eUqka
l,amkd lr' Wkajykafia lS foa taldka; i;Hh nj ug jegyS f.!rj
kuialdrfhka th ms<.
s ks' ta iu`.u uf.a jer oDIah | jef' iuyr
g Wkajykafiaf.a nqoau;a ;l yd tys hqla;s iy.; nj ug fkdf;af'
tneka ;ju;a ;l w;a fkdyka fjk;a wjia:djla fhdodf.k jdoh
252
wjidk ld,h
kej; lrf.k h' tfy;a Wkajykafiaf.a nqoau;a pdu ;=<ska uu neg

ld f.k miq nis' uf.a u;fha fkdfhla .eg we;' tg uu ksy~j
i;=gg m;afj' iskdfi' Oufha ydialu yd n,h ud l=,au;a lrhs'
wdpdh uka uf.a ;lh" ks.ukh" u;h imQKfhkau jer
nj k k;a ug neK jkafka ke;' th fjkia lrkag hehs fkdlshdu
isky uqiq uqyqKska f wKqjk fudavhd .ek wkqlmd lr;ao @ f udrdfCIhlska lE .ik mqoa.,hdf.a wd;au Yajdih .ek ia;fhka n,d
is;ao @ th ug ;ju;a ielhls uu fndfydu fyd| flfkla fkdjk nj
uu ms<.
s ;s' ;ju;a fcHIag wdpdhjre iu`. ks,j jdohg t<fU'
tfy;a tys ,dNh iq mgq fkdf' fndfyda wiajdNdl mdv uu bf.k
.;s' f l%uh uu ;ju;a wkq.ukh lrka jkd wOHhkhla lr' f
fcHIag NsCIQka jykafia,d ;=< uf.a n,y;aldr lka u;= lrk m%Yk
a .ek
lsih
s l<lsula olakg ke;' fndfyda g Wkajykafia,d ysjlg fuka
iskdfi;s' l<d;=rlska jhia.; jQ uqrKavq NsCIqjla hlis frdaOhla m<
lrhs' idudkHfhka fuu wdpdhjre iu`. lsif
s jla jdohg fkdmefK;s'
tneka wksl=;a NsCIQka jykafia,d f jdo jdo .ek iauhg m;afj;s'
iel h we;s lr .ks;s'
hdx uhs ys .; l< ld,h ;=< wdpdh uka uy;a jQ u.a.M,
m%;s,dNhg m;ajqKs' Wmam;a;s urKfhka ie ,;a >k jkdka;rhla jQ
iir ;rKh l<y' bkamiq ld,h .; lf<a h YsIag fya;=jla ksid h
yelsh' kfLdka rPisudys .= l,la jdih l<y' fndfyda .sys me msi
ld,hla isg uy;a jQ Y%oaOd Nla;sfhka Ouh wkqj j;a fj;s' Ndjkd
hqKq wh Yd, msila ishy' miqj bka iuyfrla Wkajykafia legqj
Wfdka ;dys iy ifldka kfLdka fj; .shy' Wkajykafiaf.a wmj;a u
fuys isjqKs' kfLdka rPisudys .sys me msi Ndjkd hqKq l<y' ta
iuyr NsCIQka ka m%isoaO wdpdhjre we;' Wkajykafia,d ;=< Ouh
iarj m%;I
s G
a dmkh we;' wo jk ;=re;a .sys me msig Ndjkd Wmfoia
fo;s' .sys fhda.S msi ta wkqj hka odk mdr;dj imqr;s' iS, mdr;d
wd fkdfhla .=K Ou jOkh lr .ks;s'
Wkajykafia Wfdaka ;dksj, B<`. jia ld,h .; l<y' tu
wdrdudm;s c Lqka Oufc NsCIqj Yd, NsCIq iuQyhlf.a kdhl;ajh
bisy' Wkajykafiaf.a fkdu| iydh wdpdh uka yg ,enqKs' .jdiSka
f.ka odk udk mqo mQcd ,nka ta msia Ouhg yd Ndjkdjg fhduq jQy'
Oufc NsCIqj Wkajykafiaf.a f.da, kuls' wiS; lreKd" ffu;s%hlska
253
wdpdh uka f ish lghq;=j, ksr; jQy'

miqj wdpdh uka ifldka kfLdka .ug jehy' tys jhia .;
jQ iq jr rE tla;rd Wmdisldjla uqK .eiqKs' t;=hg l=vd Wmdisld
rduhla ;snK
q 's t;=hg wkq.%yhla jYfhka wdpdh uka fndfyda l,la tys
/ ishy' t;=h Ndjkd hqKq lr we;' Ouh yo ;=< wp, Y%oaOdfjka
msysfhah' ksrka;rfhkau t;=hg Wkajykafiaf.a wjjdo wkqYdikh
,enqKs' t;=h jeks Ndjkd je .sh wfhla olskafka l,d;=rlska hehs
wdpdh uka mejiQy'
fuu .u msysfha l j,ska jg jQ kskhlh' tys ld,h mirh
Oq;dx. NsCIQkag b;d iqiq mirhla h' f .f ;j iq jia;%fhka
ieriqk .sys Wmdisldjla ishdh' wE jhi wjqre 80g wdikak h' t;=h
o Ndjkd hqKqjla ,en ishdh' uy;a wdhdifhka t;=h ;u ksjfia isg
wdpdh uka yuqug wjq;a Ndjkd Wmfoia ,enqjdh' fo;=ka jrla u`.
kej;S .suka yer y;s ouka wE mefKhs' wms iefjdu t;=hg uy;a
wkqlmdjla lajQfhuq' zzTng fu;r jhia.; b;d wudrefjka fuys
mefKkafka wehs @ZZ tg t;=h ksNhj ms<s;=re fohs' wdpdh uka
bkamiq Ndjkdj .ek uid Ou lreKq myod fo;s' t;=hg mr;a;
cdkk {dkh ;snqKs' ta ;=<ska hful=f.a is;s,s ykd .kshs' wdpdh
uka .ek t;=h l:d lrk g ish fokdu myka ixf.hg m;ajqKs'
wdpdHh uka iskdfi;s'
wE ksNhj m%ldY lrhs' zzTn jykafia iir ;rKh lr we;' uu
fndfyda l,la Tn jykafiaf.a is; gqfj' tys widudkH msis njla
we;' fu;r mrf;rg .sh Tn jykafia ;j ;j;a Ndjkdf fhfokafka
wehs @ZZ
zzuu urKh f;la Ndjkd lr' nqoaO Y%djlfhda ;u wIaGdkh
w;a fkdy;a'ZZ
zzTn jykafiag ;j wjfndaO lghq;= Ou ke;sg l=ugo Ndjkd
lrkafka @ Tnf.a isf;ka wdf,dal ysfoa' uq f,dalh mqrd fuu wdf,dalh
ys hhs' Tng fndfyda foa olakd kqjK we;' tfy;a uf.a is; t;r
m%n, ke;' tneka uu fuys meK Wmfoia ,nd .;s' Tn jykafia
;r is; hqKq lsug ug Wmldr lrkak'ZZ
fuu l;d i,a,dmh wid is ish fokdu t;=hf.a Ndjkd hqKqj
254
wjidk ld,h
.ek i;=gqfj;s' hlsis .egjla wef;d;a ;u yerfha jdrefjka

wjq;a ta .egj ksrdlrKh lr .kS' wdpdh uka t;=hg uy;a wdor
f.!rjfhka i<l;s' ;reK NsCIQka jykafia,d f idlPdjg lkaug
ie`. is;s' t;r ms%hckl idlPdjla h' Bg fya;=j tu m%Yak
k.kafka ;u Ndjkd w;alS ;=<k
s 's fndfyda g p;=rdhh i;Hh .eko"
jH n%yau f,dal .eko m%Yak lr;s' wdpdh uka tu w;alS iqiqhs
n,d th hqKq lsug Wmfoia fohs' ke;fyd;a ud.h kqi
q iqhehs m%;f
s CIam
lrhs' bkamiq kshu l%uh myod fo;a'
t;=hg ;snQ yelshdj .ek wka NsCIQka jykafia,d i;=gq jQ w;r
hm;a jQy' mris;a okakd kqjK ;=<ska ;ukaf.a wNHka;r flf<ia
oks;s' is;= me;= oks;s' ryia oks;s' fuh iEfyk wNsfhda.hla h'
tfy;a t;=h ks;ru lSf l=vd idufKar NsCIqj mgka jeys NsCIQka
jykafia,df.a Yrfhka ma;su;a wdf,dal lsrK ysfok njls' rd;S%
wyfia ;re nenf,kakdla fuks' th b;d ,N oYkhls' lsisu l=vd
idufKar NsCIqjlf.a jqjo wr" fYdalS lsrK ke;' ta is;aj, msis Ndjh
ksid f ma;sh ys hhs' Wkajykafia,dg fok odk udkdfhka uy;a
M, mdl ,ef' ta NsCIQka ks;ru ud.M, ,eu i|yd hh jv;s'
tla fgl t;=h n%yau f,dalhg f.dia ;uka gq mirh ia;r l<dh'
zztys fndfyda me wh is;s' tfy;a .syshka lsisfjla ke;'ZZ g fya;=j
l=ulahs m%Yak l,dh'
zzn%yau f,dalj, iskafka Ndjkd hqKq wkd.d M,hg m;a n%yau
rdcjreh' wkd.d M,hg m;a NsCIQjla wmj;a jQ g n%yau;, j, Wm'
.syshka w;r tfia u.M, ,dNSka iskafka b;d l fofkls' Tng t;r
wjYH k wehs Tn ta .ek m%Yak fkdlf<a @ tfia wid k .kafka ke;sj
ka uf.ka wihs'ZZ
t;=h iskdiqkdh' zzug wu;l jqkd ta .ek wikag" ug ta l=;=y,h
we;s jqfka miq ld,hl' tneka Tn jykafiaf.ka wikakg is;=Kd' ug
u;la jqfkd;a B<`. j;df .sh g wid k .kafk'ZZ wdpdh ukaf.a
ms<s;=re ks;r wruqKq folla bgq lr;s' tk i;Hh oyd mEu iy jer
iel ks.uk wdh iu' miqj Wkajykafia ndysr foa .fIKh lsu
kj;d ;u is; lh ms<sn| .fIK lsug Wmfoia ks' ndysr foa .ek
is; fhduq lsfuka ;ukaf.a jkd ld,h wmf;a hhs' u.a. M, i|yd
m%{dj hqKq l< hq;=h' tk is; - lh ms<sn| wks;H laL wkd;au
255
fiuhs' tu Wmfoia m t;=h Ndjkd l<dh' wdpdh uka fndfyda g

t;=hf.a id:l Ndjh .ek NsCIQkag lsh;a NsCIQkag mjd t;r .eUqre
wjfndaOhla fkd;snqKs'
t;=hf.a hqKqj msKsi wdpdh uka nka fkdx *s ys fndfyda
ld,hla jev ishy' f m%foaYh wjg m<d;aj, NsCIQkag .ukd .ukh
myiq h' md .ukska hdug yels h' tys ksixi, mirh Ndjkdjg b;d
fhda.H h' l" .,a .=yd" ;eks;,d" ksk j,ska hq;a ruKSh m%foaYhls'
wdpdh uka fuys wjqre 5la muK ld,hla jev ishy' jhi
wjqre 75la muK neka fkdfhla frda.dndO ;snqKs' uq ojiu wdrKHfha
jev iQy' fjkod fuka ixpdrh fkdl<y' fndfyda YsIHfhda we;a Wmfoia
,nd .ks;s' f mirh . wdYs%; neka fohkaf.a meKSu l,d;=rlsks'
fYaI mQcd khkays fohka /ia jQy' tneka ;u YsIH NsCIQkag yd .sys
Wmdil Wmdisldjkag Wkajykafiaf.a Wmfoia fkdu|j ,enqKs'
Ouh ;=<ska frda. ls;aidj

nka fkdx * wdY%uh msysfha >k jkdka;rhla ;=<h' uef,ahd
frda.h tys me;s .sfhah' wdpdh uka wd.ka;=l NsCIQkag jId ld,fha
tys jdih fkdlr blauKska msg hkag lsh;s' h,s ld,fha iSu wk;=re
fkdf' uef,ahd frda.h je<k NsCIQkag m%;sldrhla ke;' fnfy;a j.
ke;' ta ld,fha tu fnfy;a fidhd f.k ke;' tneka frda. ls;aidjg
we;af;a Ouh muKs' tk Ydl la fokd ish,a, i;s iudfhka
.fIKH lsuh' f yer la ke;s lr .ekSug l%uhla ke;' i;s iud
hqKq jQ g frda.h blauKska uokh f'
fufia frda. uokh lsug i;s iud ;=<ska yelsu b;d Yd,
ch.%yKhls' th ia:djr mokuls' ish iem fokd" la fokd
oYkdjg ,laf' urKhg uqyqK ug h fkdf' tjeks lgql fokd
ta i;s iudfhka hgm;a lsug yelshdj we;s neks' laL i;Hh wjfndaO f' tys iajNdjh f;are .; yelsh' ta ms<sn| h iel my f'
wks;H" laL" wkd;au" mp iuqmamkak lreKq ;u nqoahg f.dapr f'
kEu lla bjid ug yelsf' ;u i;s m[a[d ;=<ska l olshs' lg
fya;=j olS' tneka ;u lg Ndckh la kafka ke;' l foi i;s
m[a[dfjka n,d wjfndaO lrk neks' l hk i;=rd iu`. igka j'
Yrh frda.hg ji`. jqjo is; ksfrda.s f' i;s m[a[d hqO Nghka fuka
256
wjidk ld,h
l mrdch lrhs' is; ;ka yq nkafka rEm" fokd" i[a[d" ixLdr"

[a[dh ms<sn|h' ta ms<sn| ;snQ iqL" iqN" ks;H" wd;au iajNdjh ;u
m%{djg yiq woHdj re flf' fuh ;shqKq f,i b,lal f' Ouh
b;d meye<sh' Y%oaOdj wp, f' i;s m[a[d ;=<ska laL i;Hh wjfndaO
lsug ;j ;j;a Wkka f'
tla jrla fyda fufia laL i;Hh wjfndaO jQ g" B<`.g tk la
.ek kej; pdula ke;' th .fIKh lr wjfndaOh ,nd we;s neks'
th foi j;udkfhka n,d isu muKla iEfya' fufia i;s m[a[d
;=<ska meye,s wjfndaOhla kej; kej; we;sf' i;sh meje;aug
hh we;sh hq;=hs' fufia n,k g fokdj" Yrh" is; fjka fjkaj
olS' tajd tlsfkl yd Y% ula fyda .eula ke;' fuu w;alSfuka
laL iuqoh ykd .kS' ;udg la fok" frda. lrk" urKh f.k fojk
zzldrlZZ ykd .kS' ;ud Nh jQfha ;udf.a n,j;a Woaf.hg ldrl jQ
m%;sls%hdjgh' ta ;=<ska ;ud wiykhg m;a h' fuh fydka jgyd .;a
miq frda.h ksjdrKh f' frda. ,laIK we;;a bka is; wiykhg m;a
lrjk m%;sls%hd ke;' lfha l we;;a isf;a l ke;'
fkdbjish yels frda.hla we;s g OQ;dx. NsCIQj fokdkq miaikdj lrhs' ;u Yla;s Wr.d ne,Sug" ;u i;s m[a[df ;;a;ajh fuhska
jgyd .; yelsf' th id:l m%;sM, ,efnk ;=re jvhs' h NsCIqjla
;u frda.h ms<sn| l" iem" Nh" iel we;s flf k th Tyqf.a i;s
m[a[dj j,lu nj wksl=;a NsCIQyq ykd .ks;a' Tyqf.a iud"
m[a[dj Yla;su;a ke;' Tyqf.a m%;smodj .ek Yajdi ;eh hq;= ke;'
bka woyia jkafka tu NsCIqj ;=< i;s m[a[d jOkh ke;s neka
wjYH f,djg th Wmfhda.S l< fkdyels njh' m%dfhda.slj mqyqKqf
fhfok NsCIqj ;=< i;sh jOkh we;s neka ksrka;rfhkau wd;au
ixhuh msysgd we;' kEu Ialr wjia:djlg fkdie,S uqyqK ug yels
hqo mqyqKq jQ finf,la fuks' tjekakka miq niskafka ke;sj ;u ;;a;ajh
/l .kS' fuh ;ud iu`. jdih lrk wka NsCIQkag ykd .; yels"
m%Yxid ,eh yels fohls' wka NsCIQka fuu ksNS; Oufha yeisfrk
fin,d .ek ia;j n,d is;s' w.h lr;s' fl;r m%dK ydks wjia:
djla jqjo OQ;dx. NsCIqj fkdie,S uqyqK fok nj Y%oaOdfjka" Nla;sfhka
n,dfmdfrd;a;= fj;s' Tyqf.a i;s m[a[d lsis gl mrdch flf<ia ch
.kakd njla fkdfmfKa' wjidk urK fudfydf;a ;u is; lh kv;a;=
l< fkdyels g i;s m[a[d keue;s wdjqo wfudrd fkdie,S is;s'
257
nqrcdKka jykafia foiQ Ouh hfula wjfndaO l< g tys Yaj

ms<s.ekSu .ek iel ke;' tys Yla;sh ykk neka i;=re n,ldh
bfha miq fkdnishs' urKh olajd igka lrhs' ;u Yrhg tu la
fokd bis,sh fkdyels k urKhg m;afjhs tfy;a is; w;a fkdy'
is; wdrlaId lrK i;s m[a[d w;a fkdyhs' mrdch Tyqf.a ukdmh
fkdf' wka;sf Hh w;a fkdyk f fin,df.a is; b;du ia:djr jQ
ksrems; jQ ksjdK wNh N+h iamI flf' wp, Y%oaOdfjka yslafuk
tu i;H;djh weiqre lrkakd thskau wdrlaId f' zzOfuud Nfj rlL;s
OuupdZZ h f,ilska Ouh fo.shdfjka" wksYa;j mqre lrkakd
,nk M,h i;Hh wj,x.= lrk neka ijdlLd; Ouh weiqre fkdlrhs'
fuh fya;= M, kHdh f'
f,dalh fmfrdka fok ishu iem im;a m%;f
s CIam lrka OQ;dx.
NsCIqj Ydikh fmdfrdka fok wNHka;r iem m%d:kd lrhs' WodyrKhla
jYfhka iud isf;ka ,efnk iekiqu iy ;u is; kso .sh flf<ia
m%{dfjka Wrd u ksid we;sjk i;=g" fudfydf;ka fudfyd; kaokh
lrka ksrka;rfhka ;Dma;su;a i;=glska Tyq l,a hjhs' f m%;HCI i;=g
OQ;dx. NsCIqj wfmalaId lrhs' fuh lsf ;uka bis m%Yak yd .eg
if|a' f,daflda;a;r .=Kh ,nd .ekSug wo fyda fyg fyda uilska fyda
wjqreoaolska fyda yels jkafka tu fudfyd;la fudfyd;la mdid mqre
lrK wm%;sy; ffOHh ;=<sks'
wdpdh uka ;u YsIHhka mqyqKq lf<a hqo jk finka fuka
;ukaf.a Ydl" udkisl frda. we;;a ke;;a igka l< hq;=h hkqfjks'
;uka igka lrkafka ;udu frd .ekSugh' f,v frda. mSvd we;s jQ g
wNsfhda.hls' wNsfhda. bfha miq neiSug bv fkdfohs' frda.S NsCIqjla
;u n,;djh .ek lkiai,a,g m;a jqjfyd;a wdpdh uka ksielju
;rjgq lrK nj okS' wdpdh uka wksl=;a NsCIQka .s,dfkdamia:dk lsfuka
j<laj;s' Bg fya;=j Tyqg iajdkj l ord .ekSug mqyqKq lsugh'
idudkH frda.Ska tfia wkqlmdj wdorh n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqj;a OQ;dx. NsCIqj l< hq;af;a ;udf.a l Nd. lsuh' mlaIKh" .fIKH lsuh'
frda.S NsCIqj Wjegka n,dfmdfrd;a;= u krl wdoYhls' mrdch uls'
tjeks foa wksl=;a whg fndafjk frda.hla fuka me;sug bv we;'
tjeks ;;a;ajhla Woa.; jQ g is jkafka l=ulao @ uefrkag mK
wk i;=ka fuka NsCIQka jykafia,d fl .dka ta f w; fmrf<ka
w~ka je<fmka iskjdo @ Tn Ndjkd lrk NsCIQka jykafia,d i;=ka
258
wjidk ld,h
jf.a yeisfrkjdo @ Tn i;=ka fuka is;kakg" yeisfrkag mgka .;af;d;a

uq nqoaO Ydikh ;sika ,CIK oyd mdkjd uy;a CIsma; jQ uq,d jQ
wh olskakg ,efnkjd' fuh nq .;sh fkdf' wm fkdfhla g f,v
frda. j,ska fm<S we;' tneka wkqkaf.a frda. .ek fydka oksuq' ;udf.
a la .ek,s f,dalhdg m%oYkh lrkag tmd' w~ka je<fmka ,dm
;shka f,v iqj lrkag yelsk fnfy;a fudkjdgo @ f,vla iek .i
lE .ika isg f,f iqjf' tprg ,iaikhs' f,vqkag fu;r
h ysho lrka m%;sldr lrkag fka keye' Tn wfka wf lsh
lshd fl;r fl .Ej;a f,f iqjfo @ tfia fkdf k wy< my<
bkak whg mjd wms%h wm%ikak hg wehs f lE .ykafka @ZZ fujeks
foa lshka wdpdh uka f,vdg wmydid;aul f,i fodia lsh;s' Tyqf.a
yeisu wdrKHfha wksl=;a NsCIQkago ysyerhls'
wks;a w;g h NsCIqjla ;udf.a la bjidf.k Yla;su;a f,i |
ord .kakd g" i;s m[a[dfjka ;u l m%ldY fkdlrk g wdpdh
uka Tyqg m%Yxid flfr;s' Tyqf.a bjiSu .ek i;=g m%ldY lr ;j ;j;a
ffOHhu;a lr;s' iqj jQ miq;a Tyqf.a .=K jKkd lrka wksl=;a whg
wdoYhla f,i yqjd olaj;s'
zzf jf.a ;uhs ksNh fin,d ;u ch.%yKh w;am;a lr .kafka'
i;=rkaf.a n,h .ek meKs,s lrka miq niskafka ke;' yels wkaoka
i;=rd iu`. igka lrhs' mrdch ms<s fkd.kS' je isg i;=rd bfha
ne.Em;a fkdf' wms jeks Oq;dx. NsCIQka igkald fin,ka f' f,f
fu;r la fok j.lSfuka jevla ke;' l fok fokdj foi is; fhduq
lr tys iajNdjh f;are .kak' fokdj je fyda wvq jqj;a tys iajNdjh
laL iajNdjhls' tk p;=rdh i;Hfha m<uqjk i;Hhhs'ZZ
h NsCIqjla ;ukaf.a wdndOh .ek j, isk g wdpdh uka
fjk;a .dhkdjla .hhs'
zzTn i;Hh fidhkafka k i;Hh bfha fokdjg nfha m<d
hkafka k Tn i;Hh olskafka flfiao @ nqrcdKka jykafia i;Hh
fidhd .;af;a iEu fohlau foi Nd. lr" mlaIK lr" .fIKh lr"
wjfndaO lr .ekSfuks' f jevlg ke;s NsCIqj jf.a w~ka fodvka
;ukagu ksko
a d lr .kskao @ f jf.a ueis,s lsh lshd fl ..d i;Hh
wjfndaO l< yelshehs nqrcdKka jykafia j|drd we;af;a fld;eko @ uu
jemqr fmd;a lshjd ke;' tneka ug ta ;ek fidhd .ekSug fkdyels h'
259
fudk iQ;%fhao foaYkd lf<a ueis,s lsh lshd fl.dkag @ iQ;% msglh
yodrd we;s flfkla bkakjd k fufia fl ..d wf|dakd lSf l=i,h
ms<sn| jodrd we;s ;ek lreKdlr ug th fmkajd fokak' tg NsCIQkag
ud fufia la ka ;udf.a l wruqKq lr mlaIK mj;ajkakg lsh
lshd jO lrkafka keye' Tng mqjks kE ;r la wf|dakd lsh lshd
p;=rdh i;Hh wjfndaO lsug' tg wmg olskakg yels uyd yhsfhka
wf|dakd lsh lshd ksjka wjfndaO lr.;a wh' ta whg yelsf' nqrcdKka
jykafiag wNsfhda. lrkakg f Ouh ka wjqre 2500la blau f.dia
wj,x.= we;ehs lSug'
zzf ld,hg Tk Ouhla ta wh foaYkd lrd'ZZ th wjfndaO
lsug fjfyi ula ke;' wmyiqfjka .fIKh lrkakg wjYH ke;'
u.a.M, ,nd .ekSug .dhkd lsuh' fuu jljdkqjg th iqiq jkafka"
fndfyda wh fidhkafka wl=Y, Yla;s ;=<ska l=Y, mdl ,eug neks'
wo uq f,dalhu fujeks kdYld u;hka ksid m%md;hg weo je we;'
je ld,hla hkag m%:u uq mD .%yhd tjeks ksjka wjfndaO lr.;a
idka;=jrhkaf.ka ms hkjd we;' uu k merKs u;hu m%ldY lr' uu
nqrcdKka jykafia foaYkd l< Ouh woy' fl mdrj,a tys i|yka
lr ke;' ulaksido h;a tjeks fl mdrg whla ;enQ .i uu uqkska
w;g u je kskaod wmlS;shg m;a ue hk neks' th uf.a yoj;
mqmqrd hk lls'ZZ
;ukaf.a n,.;s fmkajk h frda.dndOhlska fmf<k NsCIqjlg
fujeks foaYkdjla weiSug ksh;hs' tjeksu fodaIdfrdamKhla ,eug yels
fohla k ;u lgql m%;sm;a;s ug Yd, wNsfhda.hlg uqyqK h hq;=
fudfyd;ls' wm ; ld,fha iajdk ;u m%Yakj,g uqyqK ug mqre
we;ak th myiqjla f' tfy;a uq,dfjka" Wu;=fjka is; is .sh g
is; uqojd .ekSug fkdyelsj brKug uqyqK foa' wirK f'
nq rcdKka jyka f ia fufia foa Y kd lr we;' zzfldkq y dfid
lsudkfJ'''ZZ uq f,dalhu rd. oafY fuday .sks we,S jd ? fjka
mj;soa Tn iskd iS i;=gq jkafka flfiao @ ka fug iqiq irKla
fidhd .kak' w;miq lrka l,a f.jkafka wehs @ urK fudfyd; olajd
w;miq lrkak tmd' ke;ak la mdl bula fldkla ke;sj M, foa'ZZ
nqrcdKka jykafia ksidg ka wjjdoh zzwmamudfok imdfo:ZZ" tk
zzm%udo fkd msysgla fidhd .kak'ZZ tfy;a nq jok ksidg wo weiqk
g ,ecdjg m;ajkafka ;u uq ld,hu m%udofhka bJsh mskug .;
260
wjidk ld,h
lrk neks' ,ecdj fl;r ;snqK;a ;u wdidjkag ji`. fjka fuh

fka" fuh tmdZZ hk wks;H jQ f,!lsl iem m%d:kd lr;s' bka kslafukafka flfiaoehs fkdoks;s' tneka wk;=re w`.jk nq jokg we;s tlu
m%;spdrh ,ecdj muKls'
nka fkd *s ys NsCIqjf.a wNdjh Tn ieug jkd mdvula W.kajhs'
wms iefjdu f brKug uqyqK h hq;=h' Wkajykafia wjidk fudfyd;
.; l< wkaou .ek fyd|dldr is;d n,kak' wka;su fudfyd; <`.d jQ g
wdpdh uka iy wka NsCIQka ms~q is`.d hk .uka tys kej;S f la uqiq
f,djg iyNd.s jQy' wdpdh uka kd lSmhla iud .; ish,a,ka
wu;d fufia f.!rjdka;j lSy'
zzTyq .ek lkiai,a,g fya;= ke;' kgu;a 6 fjks n%yau f,alh
jQ wdNiairfhys bm we;' kg Tyq i;=ka miqfjhs' tfy;a tys mdvqj
k ;j l l,la j;a jqjd k miaikdj hqKq lr Y%oaOdjdi n%yau
f,dalhl Wmam;a;sh ,eug ;snqKs' tys isg wy;ajh olajd h;s' kej;
f ukqf,dj kQm;s fkdyels NsCIqjhs' ;u l ka Bg fya;= m%;HCI
l< hq;=h' ;udf.a n,l ksid m%;smodj w;ayk NsCIqj Wkajykafiaf.
a n,j;a fpkhg ,laf' wdpdh uka ks;ru hqo Ngfhl=f.a ksNS;
Ndjh fuka NsCIqjf.a m%;smodj ksNS;j f.k .sh hq;= nj Woaf.j;aj
u;la lr fo;s' Wkajykafiaf.a fuu foaYkh wid NsCIQkaf.a wd;au Yla;sh
wIaGdkh ls%hd;aul ish frda.j,g m%;sldrhla njg m;af'
fufia ;u is; Yla;su;a m%dKj;a bhg ch.%dysl ,S,dfjka wfhka
wh ud.fha .uka lr;s' Ouh fmkajd fok tu Ydka;s iqLh lrd h;s'
wm%dKsl iajNdjh" ue,slu wd iir ne| ;uk ne le h;a'
nkakx *s wdrKfha wdpdh uka jdih lrk ld,fha NsCIQka
jykafia,d fokula wmj;a jQy' m<uqj wmj;a jQfha uOHu jhfia is
NsCIqjls' Wkajykafia uyK jQfha Ndjkd mqyqKq lsugh' wdpdh ukaf.
a YsIHfhla jYfhka hdx udys isg miqj Wkajykafia fidhdf.k Wfdka
;dks yd ifldka kfLdka .ug meKshy' iuyrg ;kshu o iuyrg
wdpdh uka iu`. o iQy' Wkajykafia iud Ndjkdfjka Wiia m%;sM,
,oy' wdpdh ukaf.a Wmfoia m miaikdfjys fhKs' Wkajykafia
b;du;a Y%oaOdjka; jQ" hH_dl p;hls' ye`.S Woaf.j;aj .S;hla
jeks ys f,i Ou foaYkd lr;s' u, fmdf;a wl=rla j;a fkdokS' tfy;a
jd.a ud,dj w;s olaI f,i meye,s lrhs' wid isk whg myiqfjka w:
261
h meye,s f' wjdikdjlg fuka Wkajykafiag CIh frda.h je<ks'

ld,hla la | wdrKHfha jdih lrK ld,fha frda.h W;aikak h'
tk Wfoa 7g muK ikaiqkaj YsCIdld ix> r;akhlg iqiq wkaoka
wjika yqiau fyfh' th n,d is uu uy;a wdor f.!rjhlska f
Ndjkdfhda.S NsCIqj msfj'
urKdika k fudfydf;a wfma brKu i|ka f ka wms u h' ;u
wkd.;h .ek imQK j.lSu Ndr.; hq;=h' wka lsisfjl=g fl;r
leue;a;la we;;a ta brKu fjkia l< fkdyelsh' tneka l,skau wms
fuu ;;a;ajh uqyqK ug ieriS ish hq;=h' l=Y,;djhlska f fudfyd;
blauh hq;=h' tg ksrems;j B<`. Njh .kS' f fudfyd; tfy;a Tn
ish fokd lsk f,dalhlg hdug iQodk is;ao @ ;sika f,dalh"
fma%; f,dalh" wmdh @ ke;ak ksia f,dj" jH fyda nUf,dj @ ke;ak
ksjk @ ka l=uk f,dalho @ Tng fuh k .kakg Wjukd k Tnf.
a yojf;a we;s ud,sud hka;%h l=uk idjg ye weoahs n,kak' Nd.
lr ka n,kak' Tnf.a .uka ud.h fyd|o keoao' uereKdg miq th
m%udo je ksid ud.h fjkia l< fkdyelsh' urKh hkq wjidkh nj
ljqre;a oks;s' bkamiq lrkakg fohla ke;'
fofjks urKh Wfndka rP;dys isg wd NsCIqjls' Wkajykafia
uef,ahd frda.fhka lh l<y' Wkajykafiaf.a urKh ;j;a NsCIqjla
Ndjkd lrk g Bg l klg fmr gqfh' miqod wdpdh uka yuq
l:d lr tu isoah kq ks'
zzwuq;= oYkhla Bfha rd;s%fha Ndjkd lrK g uu ' uu
miaikd lrka h iudhlg m;a jqfk' tljrg uu Tn jykafia
or iEhla bfha isgf.k bkakjd ' ta NsCIqj f ia:dkfha wdodykh
l< hq;=heZZhs fuh ;uhs fyd|u N+h lshd wK l<d' ug fuh fyd|dldr
fkdf;af' ta uef,ahdfjka fmf<k NsCIqj wmj;a fo @ Wkajykafia
t;r widOH ;;a;ajhl iso @ wdpdh uka fudfyd;lska ms<s;=re ks'
zzuu f NsCIqj .ek fndfyda ld,hla mlaIdfjka bkafka' Wkajykafia wmj;a f' th j<lajkag neye' tfy;a th la ug fya;=jla
fkdf' Wkajykafiaf.a ;a; iajNdjh uu ols' th w;s YsIaghs' ta
ksid b;du fyd| ;;a;ajhl is' kuq;a f nj tu NsCIqjg kq fkdfokq' Tyq urKhg m;ajk nj k .;ag n,dfmdfrd;a;= iqka frda.S
;;a;ajh widOH f' tg ;u isf;a Yla;sh j, ;ud ,nkakg we;s
262
wjidk ld,h
Wiia Ndjh ke;sug bv we;' f wjia:df n,dfmdfrd;a;= iqkau

Yd, mdvqjls'
l klg miq tu NsCIqjf.a ;;a;ajh tlajru widOH h' bkamiq
wu 3 g wmj;a h' wdpdh uka f NsCIqjf.a is;s,s .ek ;SlaIK
nqoahlska n,d we;s nj ug Tmamq h' Tyqf.a iud is; je hk wkaou
l tys mdl .ek is;d tfia bhg hdug ksy~ h'
tla kla wdpdh ukaf.a tla;rd YsIHfhla uef,ahd frda.h je<
WK .eyS b;d j, neka msKavmd;hg hdu m%;sfCIam lr tk ksrdydrug ;SrKh l<y' Wkajykafia ;udf.a Ydl la fokd wruqKq
lrka isfhah' oj,a ld,fha n,j;a la,dka; iajNdjuh orka ;u isref n,j;a fokd we;s ;eka foi n,d ishy' tfy;a tu m[a[dfjka
tu fokdj miaikd fkdlf<ah' tff,a wdpdh uka tu NsCIqjf.
a is;a foi n,ka ishy' miqj ijia hdufha Wkajykafia wdpdHh uka
yuqug meKshy'
zzwehs Tn ta wdldrfhka fokdj foi n,d isfha @ tfia isg
Tn lh fokdj" is; ms<sn| i;Hh wjfndaO lrkafka flfiao @ Tn
tald.%;djfhka fokdj foi n,d isfha' tfia fkdj m[a[dfjka f
;=k foi ne,sh hq;=h' tg tajdfha iajNdjh wjfndaO f' Tn Ndjkd
lrkafka ysk
a fhda. l%uhg' th tald.%;djh hqKq lrK n fmdrhls' bka
NsCIqjlg iqiq Ouh wjfndaOhla we;s fkdf' tfia ka u;= fkdlrkak'
ta hg lfha we;sjk wfkaO i;Hh .fIKh l< fkdyelsh' ;a;
yd fokdj .fIKh l< fkdyelsh' uu oj,a jref;a Tnf.a Ndjkdj
.ek uiqfj' Tnf.a WK by< ke.Su ksid we;s Ydrl fokdj foi
n,kafka flfiahs nefj' tg ug fmkS .sfha Tn ksl fokdj
wruqKq lrka isk njls' Tn i;s m[a[dfjka th Yaf,aIKh lr
tys fya;= m%;H uiqf ke;' ldh" ;a;" fokd" wkqmiaikd l< hq;=h'
f l%ufhka muKla fokdj myf' frda. ,laIK WodiSk f' uOHia:
f' ta fokdjg mgyeks neks' wks;H" laL" wkd;au jYfhka o mp
iuqmamkak Ou jYfhkao f ish,a, fufkys l< hq;=h'
fld b;d fyd| .=rejre fj;s

hlsis NsCIqjlg tla;rd WmfoaYhla wjYH hehs is;=k g wdpdh
263
uka Tyqg th fl<skau lsh;s' we;e NsCIqkag re hg .re ir ke;sj

l:d lrhs'
zzTn f wdrKHfha jdih lsug iqiq ke;' Tn wij,a .,a .=ydjg
hkq uek' Bg;a jvd fyd|hs fldfhla ;u .=rejrhd jYfhka fidhd
.ekSu' W!g we;s Nh ksid Tf udkdl is; hgm;a f' tg is; nf,kau
iud.; f' Ouh f wdldrfhka wjfndaO lr h iekis,a,la ,eh
yelsh' f wdrKHjdih Tng iqiq ke;' uqrKavq oro~q whg ;on, foa
j,ska uD fudf<dla lr luKH l< hq;=h' fldkaf.a ier mreI .;s ksid
is; ;on, hg m;a jk neka fld fyd| .=rejre fj;s' .=re Nla;sh
ke;s h ke;s .=rejrfhl=g jvd th Tng jevodhS f' Tn fyd,auka
j,g h k fyd,auka Tng fyd| .=rejre fj;s' tg is; yslaf' Tng
h Nhla Wm k th Tnf.a .=rejrhd lr .kak' f hg oCIfhla
mqyqKqj ,nd .kS'
wdpdh uka fufia wu;d l:d l< NsCIqj l,ska b;d ye
mqreIfhls' lsisfjl=g wjk; ke;' ;ud hula lrkakg ;SrKh l< miq
lsis j. Nd.hla ke;sj th lrhs' wdpdh ukaf.a Wmfoia ,;a jydu
ta wkqj wjk; ug Tyq ;SrKh lf<ah' Tyqf.a is;s,s iuqodh fufia
h' zzwdpdh uka ;r Wiia .=rejrfhla ud fldkag ,s fo;ao @ZZ uu
ta .,a .=ydjg h' uereK;a l ke;' fudkjd lrkago @ uu urKh
Ndr .;s' Wkajykafia lshkafka lS foa i;Hhla k uu urKhg h
jkafka l=ugo @ Wkajykafia lshkafka ms<s.; hq;= ;ldkql+, foa nj ud
wid we;' tfia lshkafka h fya;= u; msysgd fkdfo @ ta lshk wkaoug
yeisfrk flfkl=g fyd| m%;sM, ,ef' Wkajykafia f lshmq foa uu
nrm;, f,i .dNSr f,i ms<s.ks' th lSf uf.a p;h jeiska gq
ksidh' uf.a wNsjDoahg fuh lshk ,' uf.a yoj; W.=,a,d n,d mlaIKh lr we;' ud .ek ish foa oks;s' uu flfia iel lro @ uu ta
Wmfoia wkqj ls%hd fkdlf<d;a ug NsCIq Ndjhla ke;' fudkjd jqk;a l
ke;' uu ta .,a.=ydf is' uerefKd;a uereKdf' fkduerefKd;a uu
b,a,kafka f uyd ia; Ouh wjfndaO lsugh' Wkajykafia zzuqrKavq
oro~q flfklaZZ lSf ug h hq;=h' we;af;kau Wkajykafia uyd nqoau;a
w;soCI flfkls' uu ud .ek okakjdg jvd Wkajykafia ud .ek oks;s'
uu ;uhs ta ls mqoa.,hd' ta nj iShg iShla y' uf.a fyd|ghs fuh
lSf' fld .ek lS foa uu weoysh hq;=hs' f hg uu Nh N%dka;
k lla '
264
wjidk ld,h
f NsCIqj we;af;kau zzuqrKavqZZ flfkls' lsis wjjdohlg fkdkefuk flfkls' tfy;a wdpdh ukaf.a Wmfoia m Tyq tys hdug iQodk
wdpdh uka flfrka iuq.ekSug .sfhah'
zzTn fldfya hkako f isjqre mslr wjfYaI mlaIldr iu`.
hqoafog hkjd jf.a @ZZ
zzta ls .,a .= y djg f.dia uereK;a lula keye' uu tys
hkjd'ZZ
zzfudkjd @ uu lSjdo tys f.dia uefrkak lshd @ uu lSf .,a
.=ydjg f.dia Ndjkd lrkag fkdfo @ZZ
zzug Ndjkd lrkag lSjd' uefrkag lSf keye' tfy;a wks;a NsCIQka
jykafia,df.ka ug k .kag ,enqKd tys Wv Yd, fldfhl=f.a jdiia:
dkh nj' ks;ru tu fldhd tys hkjd tkjd' W! ovhf hkafka ta .,a
.=ydj brfhka' ta ksid uu je ld,hla tys j;a fhs ielhs uu
lSf uf.a tu h ms<sn|jhs'ZZ
zzg m<uq fndfyda NsCIQka tu .,a .=ydf jdih l<d' tfy;a ta
lsisfjla fldhd lEjd lshd wdrxhla ke;' fldhd Tn gq .i ld
oukafka wehs @ Tnf.a uia iy ta whf.a uia j, fjkila weoao @ fldhd
Tnf.a uia ms%h lrkafka wehs @ Tng fldkag rij;a Yr udxY ,enqfKa
flfiao @ Tn ;rla ld oukag ys;kafka ta ksido @ZZ
bkamiq wdpdh uka isf;a we;s jxpksl iajNdjh .ek ia;r l<y'
zzis; cdldrfhls' ksid f,aisfhka /j hk jdr wkka;hs'ZZ
Tn iqmCIdldj is;s,s foi n,d fpkd;aulj meye,s f,i
is; ykd fkd.;af;d;a isf;a ,CI .Kka jxpd" fm%davd j,g /jf' tg
lsis lf,l bnd.df;a hk f is; fu,a, l< fkdyel' Tn ka hkag
iQodk kuq;a kau isf;a jxpdjg /j flf<ia j, hg .=rejrhdg
jvd flf<ia woy;s' tfia k tys jikafka flfiao @ f,dalfha ish
fokdu uefrk kuq;a urKhg Nh fj;s' tfy;a Wmam;a;shg ;hg Nh
fkdfj;s' ish fokdu Wmam;a;s ;Kayd wdid we;' ksid Wmam;a;shg
fu;r ;Kayd lrkafka wehshs ug fkdf;af' bmkd hkq wkka;
lg m;auls' WK nnq mre od ;j;a WK nnq j.d lrkakdla fuka
ksidg ;u isrefrka ;j;a fndfyda fokd Wmojd .kakjd' tg Wmam;a;s
;Kaydj ksid iShla odyla fokd tlg is;s' f ish fokd tljr ue
hk iajNdjh .ek is;kafka ke;' tfia jqjfyd;a ish fokdf.a tljr
265
ueu ksid uy;a llg m;af' j;a ug ksNh ia:dkhla ke;sf'

we;af;a tlu ia:dkhla neks'
Tn m%;sm;a;s mQrK lrK NsCIqjls' mqyqKq fid,aodfjls' flf<ia
igk ch .ekSug mqyqKq lrK ,' tfy;a .sysfhl=g;a jvd Tn urKhg
m;a fj;s' Tnf.a flf<ia fumuK lg m;aug bv fokafka wehs Tng
i;s" m[a[d we;' flf<ia i;=rkaf.ka wdrlaId fkdjkafka wehs Tn
wdl%uKYS,Sj i;=rkag frdaO fkdjkafkao @ flf<ia i;=rka Tn yojf;ys
ie`. we;' Tjqka m,jd ykq' Bgmiq Tngu f;af fld;r fudavfhlao hkak' Tjqkaf.a n,hg hg;a wkaOfl= fuka Tjqkagu fiajh lrhs'
fin<df.a ch.%yKhg fya;= jkafka ; mQcdfjka hqo f igka lsuhs'
Tng uefrkag nek hqo ug we;=,a fjkag tmd' udrdka;sl igka lr
hqoaOh ch.; hq;=h' Tn we;af;kau la blauug leu;s k Tf urK
Nh l jYfhka fufkys lrkak' zzhZZ hkq Tn ika;dkfha /ia lr
we;s flf<ia j, ksIamdokhla' fuu m%Yakh ksrdlKh lsug hqo ug
msi hqo wdrN lrkq' Hh lrkak' tg zzNhZZ hkafkys la mdl
jegfya' Nh ksid is;s,s ;rx. l,n, Tf Yla;sh ySk lrhs' uy;a
lg m;a lrhs' kau ksNh ug wIaGdk .kak' Tn nhg hg;a
jy,al lrkag tmd' mmqjg ;olrf.k yoj; hre Nh N%dka;fhka
lE .ik f;la n,d iskafka wehs' f fudfydf;au kshu ud.h f;dard
fkd.;af;d;a wkka; lg m;af'
Tnf.a .=rejrhdf.a Oufha we;s W;= Ndjh Tn Yajdi lrkjdo
ke;fyd;a Tn yoj;g ksl=;a l< flf<ia ms<sn| Yajdi lrkjdo @ ta
flf<ia Tnf.a i;s" m[a[d j, lrka isk foi n,d iskjdo @ i;s"
m[a[d hkq flf<ia mrdch lrK w wdhqO f' jg msg n,k g Tng
fmfkkafka fld muKhs' Tjqka Tnf.a uia lvd brdf.k lkjd ;rhs
fmakafka ta ulaksido @ lreKd lr f .ek .eUqka fufkys lrkak' uu
f l%uh wkq.ukh lr Yd, ch.%yKhla l< njg idlaIs fj'
wdpdh ukaf.a fuu foaYkh wid tu NsCIqj uy;a fia mS%;shg
m;a ;u isf;a Hh wIaGdkh Yla;su;a lr .;ay' wdpdh ukaf.
a ;rjgqj Tyqg rel=,la h' bkamiq je| iuqf.k .,a .=ydjg hdug
msg;a h' b;du;a i;=ka bms, .sh is;lska tu .,a .=ydjg meKsfhah'
;ud Tijdf.k wd nvq u ;nd wjg m%foaYh kslaIKh lf<ah' h
wfya;=jlg fuka fuu .,a.=ydj fldfhl=f.a jdiia:dkh hehs Tyqg
is;la we;s h' fufia is;d .,a .=ydf bmi ne g we;af;kau fld
266
wjidk ld,h
md igyka f,a fmfka' tu wmdrj,a gq .i Tyqf.a isrer ;=<ska Nh

NS; m%lmk ;rx. .uka lf<ah' th Tyqf.a isys l,a ug fya;=h'
iefKlska ;u .=rejrhdf.a Wmfoia yd Tyqf.a isf;a mej;s ffOHh
my h' wl;r Nhg m;a .; is; fj,d hhs' th kj;ajd .ekSug
fkdyelsh' Tyq ta foi f.dia ;u mdofhka tu i<l=Kq uld h' Nh
tfiauh tfy;a ka i<l=Kq ke;'
rd;S% uq,af,a Nh ;%ia;h ksid Yrh wls%hld h' oj,a jrefo
tfiauh' rd;S% jk g hre Nh nqr nqrd k.S' uq m%foaYu Yd,
fldkaf.ka .yk jQ nj Tyqg yef`.a' fufia uy;a jQ lKiai,af,ka miqjk
w;r Tyqf.a uef,ahd frda.h u;= WK ke.S f.dia bkamiq iS;,
fj,hs' Tyq uy;a la we;s wmdhlg je we;' lsiu
s irKla msyg
s la ke;'
tfy;a Tyqf.a fm!reI;ajh n,j;a neka f Ialr ud.h w;ayeug
fkdis;+y' WK iy fldkag we;s h Tyq hre lrhs'
fndfyda f,djlg miq wdpdh ukaf.a jpk isysm;a h' wdpdh
ukaf.a lreKdjka; Wmfoia u;la jQ g ;rul isis,la we;' WK .eyS
W;aikak we;' tg Tyqf.a uq,a ;SrKh u;la h' zzuerefKd;a uereKdfZZ uu uq,k
s u
a tfia is;=fj' wdpdh uka fldfya hkafkahs weiQ i tu
.,a .=ydjg f.dia uefrhs lSfj' fuys tk g isf;a mqu Woafhda.hla
kqK's wyfia mdfjkjdla fuka is; ksNh i;=ka mskd .sfhah' urKhg
uqyqK ug lsis hla fkdh' tfy;a .,a .=ydjg meKs .i urKhg
uqyqK ug wlue;s h' Bg fya;=j l=ulao @ urK fhka ;e;s .;af;'
f tlu mqoa.,hd fkdfo @ uf.a yoj; h h iq,af,l==f.a yoj;g
mj;kh we;' ka ud fjk mqo.
a ,fhla' wdrKHfha ud uefrkag jqjo
leu;s h' ka uf.a is;;a fjkia we;' ta uu o @ f uu o@ blauKska
;SrKhlg nei .kq ;j n,d iskafka l=ulgo @ uereK;a l keye
uu wr whsfka l nEjqf .syska Ndjkd lr' uf.a i;sh ke;sk tu
m%md;hg je ue .shdf' Wl=iafida iy ueiafida uf.a Yrh whs;s lr
.ks;a' .f ksiqkag lrorhla ke;' fujeks jevla ke;s NsCIqjlf.a u<
isrer lsisfjla w,a,kafka l=ulgo @ ta;a fldhd hk ud.fha yska
Ndjkd lsug ug isf;a' fldhdg wdydr fidhd hdug wjYH ke;' Tyqg
th myiqjls' Wf.a o;a uf.a jevla ke;s fn,a,g ls|d niS' Tyqg fyd|
wdydr f,ls' fudllao lrkafka@ blauKg ys; iod .kak
Tyqf.a is; ka rel=,a .ks;'s u| f,djla n,d isg .=ydj b msgg
.sfhah' l nEjqf yska Ndjkd lsug ;SrKh .;ay' i;sh ke;s .i
267
.scq ,sysKsfhda" ueiafida jg lr .ks;s' lula keye' Tyq tu Nhxlr l

nEjqu fj; .sfhah' fldhdf.a .uka ud.h th msgq misks' tys yska
zznqoafOdaZZ Ndjkdj ;shqKq f,i jeh' urKh b;d ,x we;' zznqoafOdaZZ
Ndjkdj lrka ka g zzje Nhxldr we;af;a fldhdgo ke;ak
md;d,hg hsZZ uiSh' md;d,hg jvd h h' bkamiq ka g zznqof
a OdaZZ
Ndjkdj iy urKd i;sh jevQy' fufia Ndjkdj lrka isk g Tyqg
fkdkSu is; iud.; h' wmkd OHdk j,g je is; tald.%;jfhka
ksYap, h' ka Tyqf.a isf;a ;snQ n,j;a lKiai,a, w;=reoyka we;'
we;af;a is; muKs' is; yqol,dj mj;S' tys ia; ksy~;djh uyd
mquhls' urK nh fkdfka' th woyd.; fkdyel' f,dj rd;S% 10
h' is; W.% f,i wmkd OHdk .; h' miqod Wfoa 10 jk f;la tlu
bhjlska is; tald.%;df miq jqKs' weia yer ne,Sug jqjo wjYH ke;'
t;r .eUqre ;shK
q "q ish
q wdf.hls' wka;f
s weia yer ney' br uqka
ug <`.d we;' yS,a odkhg msKavmd;h hk ld,h blau we;' .ug
hdug wjYH;djhla ke;' uq ojiu mS%;sh N=la;s ka ksrdydrfhka
isfhah' iudfhka ms ne g isf;a h ;=rka ta fjkqjg mqudldr
ksNh" ksNS; Ndjhla isf;a we;' uef,ahd WK my we;' kej;;a
tu frda.h je<fka ke;' Oufha we;s frda. ksjdrKh lsf Yla;sh
uyd mquhls' fldkag ;snQ Nh o ke;' leu;s ;ekl hd yelsh' kEu
;ekl j;a h yelsh' iel" h" l ;=rka we;'
jfrl Tyq fldfhla lSug leu;s f' ;u is; kej; l=,mamq
fhs mlaIK lsug isf;a' ikaiqkaj fldhd bhg .uka lrk ie
uk#l,ams;hg kef.a' ;udg we;s jQ w;alSu ms<sn| wdpdh uka flfrys
wiS; Nla;shla we;' Nh ksid is; lD;s jk wkaou Tyqg fyd|dldr
jegfya' n,y;aldrfhkau is; fu,a, lsug Wkka f' Ndjkd lsug
iqiq uyd Nhxlr ;eka fidhd hhs' tys jdih lrk ;dla l,a fufia ;u
Ndjkd ukisldrh Yla;u
s ;a l<y' fld hk .uka ud.fha jd Ndjkd
l<y' ure f,ka jid fkdf.k fldhdg fmfkk wdldrfhka Ndjkd
lrhs' isf;a Nh Wmojd fkdf.k tu iudhg m;aug fkdyels h'
tla fgl uOHu rd;s%h f;la t<suyfka jd Ndjkd l< kuq;a
is; iud .; lr .ekSug fkdyels h' f,i lKiai,af,ka fndfyda
f,d isg fldhd u;la l<y' zzta fldhd fldfyahs fkdoks' uf.a
is; iudu;a lr .ekSug fldhd tkjd k fyd|hs' fldhd ud miq lr
uf.a is; tljru iud.; f' tg fu;r wdhdihla fkdue;' fufia
268
wjidk ld,h
is; is;d meh Nd.hla muK .; h' f uyd i;df.a w Yoh weiqKs'
ka ka Yoh jefjka mj;S' Tyq ;ukagu l:d lf<ah' zzyd ka
;ju;a .Kkla keoao @ nh keoao @ Wf.a ;shqKq ksh Tf fn,a, midre
lrkjd' fyd| wdydr f,la Tn' fldhdg wdydr ug fkdleu;s k
blauKska ie`. isug ;ekla fidhkq'ZZ
fufia is;+ jydu fldhd mek ;udf.a fn,a, fld o;aj,ska imd
lk wkaou ukfia iah' fuu udkisl Pdhd ud;%h gq .i is; tlgu
iud CIKslj wmkd OHdkhg iujeks' ta iu`.u ndysr f,dalh
wj,x.= h' ;ud yd fldhd iu`. ish foa w;=reoyka h' b;s
we;af;a m%n, ksy~;djhla' is; iy Ou;djh tlla h' tys wdYaph"
woaN+;Ndjh lshd ksul< fkdyelsh' f Wodr ksye`hdj ;=< meh wgla
muK isfhah' miqod Wfoa 10 jk ;=re ishy' OHdkfhka ke.S isg br
uqka we;' tneka msKavmd;fhka je<lS ksrdydrfhka isfhah' bkamiq
ilaufka fhfoka Bfha rd;S% ld,fha fldhdf.a w Yoh weiqKq me;a;g
.sfhah' fldhdf.a w igyka weoao @ ke;ak ;u lKg weiqfKa m;
ix{djlao @ fmdf<dj foi ne g we;af;kau uyd i;df.a wmdr ia
h' ;ud is ;ekska w 12la muK wE;ska fldhd weof.k .sfhah' tu
md i<l=Kq fldhdf.a .,a .=ydj f;la .gu we;' th fl<ska mdrla
Tiafia we;' ;ud is ;ekg wd njla ke;' hdjd Ndjkd lrkq ne,Sugj;a
kej;S ke;' fuh uy;a wisu;a oYkhla h' mqu t<jk fohls'
fufia is; tl`. wmkd iudhg m;a jkafka tla tla whf.
a mqre;djfhks' iuyre fufia CIKslj iujefoa' th ienka .eUqre
<s|lg jeula jeksh' tfy;a ndysr wruqKq ke;' f NsCIqjf.a w;alSu
tjekakls' is; tu wruqfKa t,an .;a g uq f,dalhu wfydais h' kej;
iudm;a;sfhka ke.S is g m%lD;s isysh t<f' kuq;a f ;;a;ajhg
m;aug uy;a la iys; w;alSula wjYH h' tneka Wkajykafia tjeks
ia:dk fidhka .sfhah'
zzwe;af;kau uu >k le<E m%foaYfha fldkaf.ka .yk jQ wvh
ms%h lr' Tng Tmamq jk wkaoug ud jeks ye p;hlg th
.e,fma'ZZ
fuu .,a .=ydf jdih lrK ld,fha wksl=;a woaN+; w;alS
;snqKs' N+udg jQ fojre we;a ud iu`. l:d i,a,dmfha fhky' Bg;a
jvd mqu jQfha ta .jdiS hful=f.a urKh .ek kq uhs' flfia th
269
kqKd hs fkdoks' th bfu uf.a ukig fKa' th i;H m%jD;a;shls'

ulaksido tu .udkh ie;mq 5la muK wE;ska msys kuq;a tku .
jeiafida ud fidhd we;a N+uodkh msKsi pd;%" j;a ms<sfj;a bgq lsug
lsh;s' .f h urKhla jQ .i ug fka' tg .jeiafida tk nj
uu ks;e;skau oks' fuh ug iEfyk lrorhla h' NsCIqjla iska
wjidk lghq;= l< g u<.sh we;a;ka fyd| wd;auNdjhla ,nd .ks;shs
Tyq Yajdi l<y' Tjqka flfrys lreKdfjka uu tys h' ksrdydrj
Hhlska Ndjkd lrk ld,fha Tjqkaf.a meKSug fkdleu;s jqjo
Tjqyq meKshdy'
.,a .=ydf isk uq ld,h ;=<u ud ;% fldhd we;a uf.a is;
Woaf.j;a lrhs' /hla wer /hla fkdlvjdu nv.sks jQ fldhd uf.a
.,a .=ydj <`.ska .uka lrhs' tfy;a ud .ek lsis j.la ke;' uf.a .,a
.=ydj wi<ska Wf.a .uka ud.h we;'
f NsCIqjf.a wiajdNdl p; ,CIK we;' uy ? hdufha ;u
.=ydfjka kslu
a f.dia l uqfka l.,a ;,df Ndjkd lr;s' jk i;=kf
a .
ka jk mSvd" Nh Wkajykafia fkdokS' ;ksj jkdka;rfha ixpdrh lsug
leu;s f' Wkajykafiaf.a f l:d mqj; we;=<;a lf<a Tn ieug jkd
mdvula f hehs is;=k neks' Wkajykafia fkdlvjd ;u m%;sm;a;s rlska
Hh jvd ;u fkdyslauqk is; oukh l<y' l,ska uy;a wNsfhda. jQ
fldhd ;u ;%fhla njg mj;kh h' Tyq ;u Ndjkdjg Wmldrhls'
jkpd uyd hlre fldhd ;u Ndjkdjg Woaf.hla lr.kska id:
l m%;sM, ,oy'
nka fkdx *s wdY%ufha wdpdh uka jdih lrK ld,fha fndfyda OQ;dx. NsCIQyq jev ishy' jia ld,fha 20-30 NsCIQyq wjg jk
m%foaYfha jdih lr;s' t;r Ialr ; .; lrK Wkajykafia,dg
hlsis m%Yak .eg lsisjla ke;' ish fokdu iu.s imkak fj;s' i;=gq
id .=Kfhka ifydaor;ajfhka Wkajykafia,d j;a jQy' km;d i;=ka
idufhka . fmfoig msKavmd;h msKsi tljr j;s' n,d isk whg
th ruKSh oYkhls' . udhsf .= nxl= ,E,a,l Wkajykafia,d jd
.d:d iCOdckh lr oka ka whg wdYsjdo flfr;s' wdmiq wdrKHhg meK yqol,dj wdh ;=IaKSN+; Ndjfhka oka j<|;s' jeuy
ms<sfj,g fma,shg jd oka j<|;s' odfkka miq ;u md;%h fidaod fr
lene,a,lska msiod fr ljrfha nyd ;ekam;a lr;s' Wfoa j;dj;a lsfuka miq ;u ;ukag re m ksy~ ia:dkhla wjg le,Efjka m;% lr
270
wjidk ld,h
th ilauka Ndjkdjg fyda jd Ndjkdjg fhdod .ks;s' iji 4 jk

;=re fufia Ndjkdf fh wdY%uhg meK w;=m;= .d Y=oaO lr j;=r
f.ke;a Ndck mqrjd .ks;a' ug mfNdackhg fjka fjka nkaj,
c,h /ia lr we;' blauKska iakdkh fldg kej; Ndjkdf fhfo;s'
h
/iaula ke;ak .gu ? fnda jk ;=re Ndjkdf
fhfo;s' i;shlg muK miq wdpdh ukaf.a foaYkhla we;' tfy;a ;udg
mqoa.,sl m%Yakhla wef;d;a wdpdh uka leu;s f,djlg yuqh yelsh'
idudkHfhka oj,a wdydrfhka miq yuqf' ke;ak iji 5 g fyda rd;S%
8g yuqf' Wkajykafiaf.a Ou foaYkdjg ijka ug iEu fokdu b;d
leue;af;ka n,dfmdfrd;a;= fj;s' iuyrg fkdfhla widudkH m%Yak
NsCIQka wi;s' tu ms<s;=re ;a;dlIKSh neka lsisfjl= tys wjidkh
lSug fkdleu;s fj;s' yeu gu w.kd mdv ,ef' b;d m%dfhda.sl
Wmfoia wmf.a Ndjkdj hqKq lsug w;sYhska iqiq f'
l,d;=rlska wdpdh uka Wkajykafiaf.a ; l;d m%jD;a;s lsh;s'
uq,a ld,fha .sys ;h .; l< wkaou" me u" idufKar jYfhka iy
Wmimodj wd f;dr;=re f.k yer lah' iuyr mqj;a ydiH cklh'
wms ish,af,dau uyd y`ka iskdfiuq' iuyr mqj;a bka lauqiq h' iuyr
g Ndjkd w;alS .ek lsh;s' th uy;a fia iauh cklh' .gu
fyd| wdpdhjrfhl= iu`. j;au b;du M,odhS f' ;u jer oDIa"
yeis iy ;u udkisl Yla;sh fyd| w;g yef' tneka .=rejrhd
wkqlrKh lr;s' mirh b;du ksNh f' ks;ru Ou wjjdo ;=<ska
is; l=i,;djhg keUqre f' ks;r Wkajykafia weiqre lrk neka ;u
i;s m[a[d hqKq f' wd;au ixhuh /flkafka .=re f.!rjh iy h
ksidh' fl;r iqmlaIdldj yeiqreK;a fmd jrola fyda is jqjfyd;a
ish fokdu bfha kskaodjg m;ajk nj ksh;h' ;udf.a wvq yq~ql
fufia wid isu is;a ;ejq,ls' ta ksidu ixjr f'
Wkajykafia iu`. j;au wmg uy;a i;=gla h' tfy;a wm
wkjYH jer oDIa .;a g i;=g w;=reoyka f' uu uf.a .ek l:
d lr' wkqkaf.a woyia fkdokakd neks' uu idudkHfhka f.dfrdaiq
p;hls' wdpdh uka ud ;,d fm<d ug isMqg lr we;' uf.a flf<ia
j,ska ud ;=rka jkafka Wkajykafia fufia ud fup,a lrK neks'
Wkajykafiaf.a w;alS .ek wid uu uy;a Woafhda.hg m;a jqfk'
uf.a is; mqka frdola fuka ieye,a wyfia md fjkjd oefka' tfy;a
;ksj Ndjkd lrk g uf.a wluKHh is; uy .,la fuka nr f'
uf.a Ndjkdj hqKq ke;' uu ysi my;a lr ,ecdfjka lmd fj' ud
271
t;r Iap;hla fj'

uf.a p;h ms<n
s | fufia i|yka lf<a flf<ia j, ;;a;j
a h meye,s
lsugh' flf<ia j,g ji`. jQ g fl;r .=Khkag Ndckh fo @
tmuKla fkdj bka ksjka ud.fha hEu fl;r Ialr ldHhlao @
f ms<sn| Tng h wjfndaOhla ugh' uy;a ffOHhla fhdod fufia
is; flf<iqkaf.ka uqojd fkd.;af;d;a wms ljqre fyda fjd fld;ek fyda
fjd uy;a jHjikhlg m;ajkjd ksh;h' flf<ia hmg;a lr is; yslu
a jd
.ekSug h wjYH f' ;u wixjr is; yslaujd ksoyfia j;ajk nq
ry;ka jeks wisu;a mqoa.,hkag wms yo ne;sfhka kuialdr lruq'
wdpdh uka b;du;a ffOHhu;a flfkls' ta ksid flf<ia j,g
ji`. fkdjQfhah' jhia .; jQ g ;u aj, Ydl;ajh ;sh mqre
m ilauka Ndjkd l<y' nd, fha NsCIQkag ta yd iudk ilauka l<
fkdyelsh' Ouh W.kajka ;u Y%djlhka Wkka l<y' hqo finf,la
fuka wIaGdk Yla;sfhka Y%djlhkag Ouh foaYkd lrka Ndjkdf
fhfh' f.j;a f,i Ouh foaYkd lf<a ;u Y%djlhska lska uqojd
.ekSugh' tla tla flkdf.a w. ys`.l" ke;s nel j,g ;ekla ke;'
j, wh ke,,s .S j,ska ks lf<a ke;'
nqoaO Ydikfha fmkajk iQ;% Ou yd m%;sm;a;s b;d .re fldg
Wkajykafia ie<l=fh' th wjfndaOh msksi wkq.ukh l<y' f jljdkqf fujeks nqoaO Y%djlhska fiu W.ygh' Wkajykafia OQ;dx. 13la
msug wka NsCIQka ks;r Wkka l<y' fn!oaOfhda OQ;dx. msu w;ayer
oud ;snqKs' tys we;s w.h laug fkdyels jQfha OQ;dx. mQrKh fkdl<
neks' wdpdh i iy wdpdh ukaf.a uy;a ffOHh ;=<ska W;=re
;dhs,ka;fha OQ;dx. orK NsCIQka ka is;s' f foku OQ;dx. 13ku h
h ld,j, imqrd we;' ffoksl jYfhka uQ,l
s OQ;dx. muKla wkq.ukh
l< nj uu i|yka lf<' iqidkfha yd relauq,a jdih ksrka;rfhkau
mqre l< neka th Wkajykfia,dg b;d yqre mqre h' W;=re kef.
kysr NsCIQka f mrmqrg wh;a f'
wdpdh i iy wdpdh uka ;u w;alS ;=<ska f OQ;dx. 13
wjYH nj ms<s.ks;s' f OQ;dx. mQrKh ;=<ska flf<ia .,d tk jr jid
f' f ;dmi l%u wkq.ukh fkdl< g OQ;dx. NsCIQka kka muKla
OQ;dx. f' Tjqkaf.a flf<ia ks,af,a .,d h;s' bka ;ukag;a wkqkag;a
iEfyk jO ysxid mefKa' OQ;dx. m%;sm;a;s rlsk g ;u yeisu" YS,h
272
wjidk ld,h
lsis flfkl=g fpkh l< fkdyels fia ks;ru isys l,amkdfjka i;s
m[a[dfjka jdih lrk neka ksjka ud.fha .uka lrhs' wkjYH
is;s,s" jpk" ls%hd j,ska neyer f' ks;ru uqr Nghka fuka is;" lh
yd jpkh wdrlaId lrhs' yeu OQ;dx.hlskau fYaI ldHhla isf' bka
flf<ia uq,ska Wmqgd ug yelsf' OQ;dx. bfha flf<i j,g ke.S
ish fkdyelsh'
fujeks ;mia jD; /lSug Nh pls; we;ak flf<ia ke.S is;s'
flf<ia j,g ji`. jQ g k la blauKska wu;l f' ta ksid OQ;dx.
/lSf l muKla ols;s' th b;d Ialr" lgql we;af;kau h,a mekmq
wNdjhg .sh m%;sm;a;s f,i i<l;s' wfma is;s,s wfma i;=rka jkafka
flf<ia ryis.;j mek ke.Su ksidh' ;u kaokh ksid f nj wu;l
f' flf<ia j,g fufia ryis.;j wkq.%yh" wkqu;h" wdOdrh ,ef'
tys mdl wkka; wm%udK nj meye,sh'
h NsCIqjla OQ;dx. tlla fyda lSmhla rlsk g Tyqf.a ndysr
fmkqu f;acdka;h' Tyqf.a wjYH;d wvq neka jev nyq, ke;' lkafka"
ksokafka flfiao hkak m%Yak fkdf' ;ukaf.a wju nvq ndysrdfhka
i;=gg m;af' udkisl Ydl ne j,ska ksoyia neka ieye,a bms,
hk mS%;su;a ukila we;' .sys whg jqjo iuyr OQ;dx. /lsh yelsh'
.sys me ieugu flf<ia taldldrj mek k.S' Oq;dx. m%;sm;a;s rlskafka flf<ia uev meje;augh' f lreK ksid OQ;dx. /lsh hq;=h'
OQ;dx. hkq ixlSK Ou iajNdjhls' tys ls%hdld;ajh lshd ksu l<
fkdyelsh'
f ,shk ug o OQ;dx. m%;sm;a;s .ek i;=gqodhla wjfndaOhla
ke;' tfy;a yels muKska OQ;dx. rls' f ms<sn| Tnf.a iudj wh'
flfhka lsh; fyd;a OQ;dx. hkq b;d .eUqre m%{d f.dapr m%;sm;a;s
fj;s' ta ms<sn| imQK ia;rhla lsu W.ygh' OQ;dx. mQrKh ksid
hfula m%d:l Ou ud.fha isg jqjo b;d Wiia wdh N+hg m;ah
yelsh' f jkdys OQ;dx.hkaf.a Yla;h
s f' OQ;dx. ;=<k
s a ,nd.; fkdyels
Ouhla ke;' .=rejfhla jYfhka wdpdh uka OQ;dx. jeks ;mia lsug
;u YsIHhka fmd<Ujd .;ay' Ydl Yla;sh jeh wjidk fudfyd;
olajdo OQ;dx.hkays kshe,S ishy' urK fudfydf;a muKla w;ay<y'
hful=f.a ish flf<ia re lsug f OQ;dx. /lsh hq;= nj ksielh'
OQ;dx. /lSf l=i,;djh .ek ia;r lsfuka uu j<ls' hful=g
273
fuys w.h k .ekSug wjYH k th ;udu w;alSfuka k.; hq;=h'

wkqka iska ,shk ,o ia;rhg jvd ;ud h OQ;dx. mqyqKqjlska ,nd
.kakd ish
q kqu jgfkah' uu uq,a ld,fha isg OQ;dx. mQrKfhka ,nd.;a
w;alS yd OudjfndaOh wo olajd fkdie<S mj;S' uf.a m%;sm;a;sfha
b;du w.kd wxYh fuh f' hful=g ;udf.a f,ap wl=i, yd ishq
wl=i, relghq;=l OQ;dx. ;=<ska th l< fkdyelshs fkdis;=j uek'
Wkajykafiaf.a wjidk frda.h

1949 ud;= uk g wdpdh uka nka fkdx *s wdrdufha jI 5la
jev ishy' pka udifhka y;rfjks udifha 14 fjks k Wkajykafiaf.a
Ydl n,;djh W;aikak urKdikak njla fmkqK's tg jhi wjqre
79ls' Wkajykafiaf.a uq .; fj,d frda.d ;=r jQ w;r wms ish fokdf.
a .; is; lmd h' uq, ,d WKhla yd leiaila ;snqKs' th fkka k
jh' th wiajdNdl nj wmg jegyqks' Wkajykafia fyd|dldr ;u
;h wjidk jk nj oks;s' tu frda.hg m%;sldr ke;' ish fokdg
f nj kq fnfy;a .ekSfuka je<l=ks' fnfy;a .kag Wkka l<
g m%;sfCIam l<y'
zzf jkdys jhia .; ksfil=g je<f|k frda.hls' thska ula
ke;' fudk fnfy; .;a;;a iqj fkdf' ka b;sj we;af;a m%dK jdhqjhs' kshu f,dj tk;=re ish hq;=hs' bkamiq tho ksreoaO f' uep
.ila ;ju fl<ska iskakdla fuks' fmdar j;=r od m%lD;s l< fkdyelsh'
th lsis lf<l u,a M, yg fkd.kS' f uep .i h f,djl weo
ye,S fmdf<djg my;a f' uf.a Ydl ;;a;ajh uu g fndfyda l,lg
fmr ' tneka ks;ru Tng wk;=re we`.jQfh' blauka lrkak'
hh jvkak' uu j;aj bkakd ;=re Tng Wmldr lr' h h m%Yak
ksrdlrKh lr' f wjia:dj meyer yefhd;a wkka; ld,hla iir
ie irkakg f' uu je l,la j;a fkdfj' wks;H;djfha kS;shg
hg;a fj' ishu mp iuqmamkak Oufhda fufia kdY fj;s' g
wjqre 3lg fmr uf.a wdhqI ;j wjqre 3la nj lSfj' Bg jvd l=ula
lsho @ uu lSf i;H;djhls' iir ieirK ukqIHka yd i;a;ajhka
lh yd is; ;=< lu Yla;sh fkdlvjd ls%hd;aul f' th iajdNdlhs'
;j udi .Kklska tys ls%hdld;ajh ksudjg m;af' tys iajNdjh fjkia
274
wjidk ld,h
lrkafka flfiao @
fndfyda fokd meK fkdfhla fha m%;l
s dr ug uy;a m%h;akhla
rE kuq;a ta ish,a, m%;sfCIam l<y' f frda.hg fuh m%;HCIh fndfyda fokd f fnfy;ska iqj jQ uekjZZhs ne.Em;aj wdhdpkd lr;s' zzTn
jykafiaf.a fiajh wjYHh' fndfyda fokdg wkqlmd lr f m%;sldrh
lrkagheZZhs b,a,d ishy' tg ;uka jykafiaf.a Yrhg wjYH jkafka
fnfy;a fkdj or iEhg or hhs lsh;s' ;j ;j;a lshk g ta ish fokd
;j ;j;a wej,s lr;s' neu ;ek b;d iaj,am jYfhka fnfy;a .ks;s'
;uka jykafia Yrh w;ayer we;ehs ksiqka uq,dfjk neka Tjqka i;=gq
lsug tfia lr;s'
Wkajykafiaf.a frda.S ;;a;ajh .ek wdrx y;r .a Nd.fha
fndfya wh mefKkag h' b;d r neyer isg w jeis fkdn,d NsCIQka
jykafia,d o .sys msio jeis jiskk
a dla fuka mefK;s' Wkajykafia jdih
lrK nka fkdx *s wdrduh msysfha >k jkdka;rfhka jg jQ kskhlh'
uy mdf isg ie;mq 12-15 muK wE;sks' md .ukska f ud.h Tiafia
ish fokd mefK;s' ;ud k n,j;a wdhdih .Kkla ke;' b;d jhia
.; jQ wh f.dka lr;a;hlska mefK;s'
wdpdh uka ks;r leu;s jQfha yqol,d ;hlgh' wdjdifha
fjfik NsCIQka jqjo Wkajykafia neye olskafka l,d;=rlsks' tneka
fndfyda whf.a meKSu Wkajykafiag m%Yakhla h' wikSm jQ g <`.u
YsIHhkag jqjo meK id;a;= lsug fkdi;=gq fj;s' id;a;= fiajd lrk
g b;d iqmlaIdld h hq;=h' b;du iqy| NsCIQka jykafia,d muKla
tfia id;a;= lsfuys fhfoa' fcHIaG NsCIQka ta ms<sn| wjOdkfhka ld,h
fkdjrojd iqiq wh muKla fhdoj;s' ta whf.a l:dj yeisu b;du Wiia
;;a;ajhlska ;sh hq;=hs'
tys meKs msi h ld,hla / isg iqiq wjia:djla ,ndf.k
Wkajykafiag je| neye ols;s' fumuK fokd Wkajykafia lSug meK
we;s nj l<ska l=hg f.dia tla NsCIqjla okajd ishs' tg wjir ,enqK
g muKla ta wh we;=,a lr;a' u| f,djla Tjqka iu`. l:d l< g Tjqyq
b;d f.!rjfhka kuialdr lr bka msg h;s' idudkH wuq;a;kag fufia
jqj;a Wkajykafiaf.a ms%h;u f.da,hska jQ wdpdhjrekag fYaI ,ehdjla
we;' ta wh lsis pdula fkdue;sj Wkajykafia iu`. msi|frys fhfo;s'
i;=gq id Ndjfhka zzidmkafkdZZ fj;s'
275
fufia udi .Kkdjla miqh' frda. ,laIK W;aikak jQfha ke;'

tfy;a ;%ia;jdka l%ufhka ikakoaO hqoaOhla lr ;u m%;s.dka kdY
lrkakdla fuka ks;ru frda.S ;;a;ajfhka l,a.; l<y' Wkajykafiaf.a
Y%djlhskag fuh bjish fkdyels h' Tjqkaf.a yo m;af,ka mqol< Nla;s
wdorh iqka nqka .sfhah' ish fokdf.a is;a lska lmd fj;s' wdpdh
ukaf.a frda. ms<sn| tlu l:djh' fjk lsisjla l:d l<;a wjika jkafka
wdpdh ukaf.a frda.h .ekh'
fl;r j, jq j o wdpdh uka Ouh foa Y kd lr;s ' ;u
f.da,hskag we;s wiS; lreKdf wvqjla ke;' b;d fl foaYkhlska miq
m%Yak pdr;s' bkamiq blauKska ke.S isg ;u l=h lrd .uka lrkafka
fjfyi ixis|jd .ekSugh' tfy;a tys wdYaph k Wkajykafia
Ouh foaYkd lrK g lsisfjl=g Wkajykafia widOH frda.sfhla nj
fkdfmkSuhs' Wkajykafiaf.a jpkj, m%n, ;shqKq iajrhla we;' Yo
k.d idudkH ,iska Ouh foaYkd lr;s' hula .re .dNSr f,i lsh
hq;= k uy;a y`ka ksNjhj lsh;s' lsisjla i`.jd l:d fkdlrhs'
taldka;fhkau jD;j lshdmdk wkaou ksid frda.S ;;a;ajh fkdfmkqK;a
wjidkfha fl;r fjfyilg m;a we;ahs wmg jegfya' tneka
blauKska foaYkdj ksudjg m;a lr;s'
udi mQcd fmdfydh kh fmnrjd 1949 fh ;snqKs' tk fndfyda
NsCIQka /iaj ishy' tk rd;S% wgg Ou foaYkdj mgka f.k wjidk
jQfha uOHu rd;sf
% hah' tk meh 4 la muk fkdkj;ajd foaYkd l<y' wid
is wh iauhg m;a jQy' tmuKla fkdj ish fokdf.a ;a;dlIKh
fl;r n,j;ahs k ;ud bkafka fldfyao @ uq Yajh w;=reoyka
we;' is; tald.%;djfhka iud.; Ouhg ijka fo;s' Ou foaYkdj
mgka .;af;a 1250 ry;ka jykafia,d nqrcdKka jykafia yuqug udi
fmdfydh kfha /ia jQ isoah u;la lrkah'
zztk 1250la uyry;ka jykafia,d nqka lSug fkdfhla m<d;a
j,ska meK ishy' Wkajykafia,d b;du msis ;a; ika;dkfhka hq;=
neka kslf<ia CISKdY%jhka h' tk zziqoa Wfmdi:hlsZZ nqrcdKka
jykafia m%d;sfudCIh foaYkd l<y' tk tu isoah yd wo fu;ek /ia
we;s Tn ish fokd .ek is;d n,uq' Tno m%d;sfudCIh foaYkd lr
wo fmdfydh lsu is lr;s' tfy;a fuys isk Tn lsisfjla ksflf<ia
CISKdY%jhka fkdfj;s' fuh ms<s.kafka flfiao @ Tn uyK o mqrK
nqoaO mq;%fha fj;ao @ Tn tu ry;ka jykafia,df.a ;;a;ajhg yd iudk
276
wjidk ld,h
lrkafka flfiao @ th w: iQkH fohls' zzGood manZZ lshd k orK

mqoa.,fhla we;' kuq;a we;=,a wl=Y, nka mS; we;' Tyqf.a ku
ysia m%,dmhla f' nqoaO ld,Sk NsCIQka we;af;kau Ouh wkq.ukh lr
wy;ajh ,enQ i;H jYfhkau NsCIQyq fj;s' wo NsCIQkaf.a hfida rdjh
br y| fuka ma;su;ah' tfy;a lrk lu b;d ms<sl=,a jQ ksid w
uy krldhg muqKqjkafkah' Tjqka ;=< i;Hh" mdY=oah" YS,h fidhd
.ekSug yelso @ f wh lrkafka flf<ia /ia lsuls' th Tjqka miq mi
hhs' wo NsCIQka ;u ika;dkfha flf<ia Wrd u fkdlr;s' tjeks
whf.a /iaula zzY=oa Wfmdi:hlaZZ fj;ao @ uyK Wmimod jQ miq
;ukaf.a ku" lS;sh" ;;a;jh /lf.k fn!oaO NsCIqjf.a is,a .=Khka
ixfla;j;a lr;s' tfy;a fn!oaO NsCIqjf.a iS,d .=Khka fudkjdhs
fkdoks;a' nqrcdKka jykafia Wfmdi: kh foaYkd lrk m%d;sfudCI
foaYkfha n,j;a nj" .dNSr;ajh okakjd k YS,h hkq l=ulahs jgyd
.; yelsh' b;d flfhka Tjdo m%d;sfudCIh k zzin mdmiai wlrKkxZZ ish m re lsu l=i, fyj;a .=K kqjK nyq, jYfhka mqre
lsu - is; b;d ma;su;aj nen,Sug m;ajk fia msis lsu fyj;a i;s
- iud jeu f' fuh jkdys m%d;sfudCI foaYkfha fl idrdxYhls'
ish m re lsu hkq l=ulao @ iuyre lhska m fkdlr;s' tfy;a
jpkfhka m lr;s' iuyre lhska yd jpkghks m fkdlr;s' tfy;a
is;ska m lr;s' Wfoa isg ? jk ;=re fufia m /ia lr;s' kskaog f.dia
miqod WoEik ms lrkafka;a muh' km;d fufia m /ia lr;s' fufia
km;d /iajk wl=i,a .ek j.la j;a ke;' ;ud b;d fyd|hhs is,aj;a
hehs is;;s' kuq;a ta iS,h jpkhla muKs' kug muKs' tfia fyhska lsis
lf<l iS,hla ke;' ta fjkqjg we;af;a flf<ia jeu iy isf;a fkdikaik
q a
njls' fuh tfia uehs hfula lror fidhd hk g ,efnkafka lroruhs'
fjk fudkjd ,efn;ao @ iuq;s f,dalfha fjd nyq, jYfhka we;'
f wd jYfhka wdph uka iS,h .ek Ndjkd fhda.S NsCIQkg
a ;ck
.ck lr;s' tfia lrkafka i;Hh wjfndaO lsugh' bkamiq iud mQKh
.ek foaYkd l<y' bkamiq m[a[d .eko wjfndaOh .eko ksjk m%;HCI
lsuo lshd fo;s' fuh jkdys w;s mdY=oaO u fyj;a uqla;shhs' tk
foaYkh f.j;aj jD;j lsisjla fkdi`.jd woyia m%ldY lsuls' tu
foaYk .ek l,ska i|yka lr we;s neka kej; fkd,sh' tu NsCIQka
iuqyhd meh y;rla .,a .eiS ishy' lsisu flfkl=f.a Yohla ke;'
Ouh .,d hkakdla fuka jHla; f,i ukd ll;ajhlska fkdkj;ajdu
weo yef,;s' th Ya;h' wmQjh' fuh Wkajykafiaf.a wjidk foiqu
277
h'
wk;=re we`.ula jYfhka fuh ;udf.a jhia .; jQ ;fha wjidk
foaYkh nj;a kej; tjeks foaYkd fkdlrK nj;a mejiQy' bka uilg
miq Wkajykafia n,j;a f,i frda.d;=r h'
fl;r Ydl n,;d ;snqK;a .ug msKavmd;h msKsi j;s'
wka;sug uq .uk hd .kag fkdyels neka u.la r muKla f.dia
msKavmd;h ,nd .ks;a' bkamiq .sys me mskaj;=ka wdrdufha fodrgqj
imfha isg msKv
a md;h mQcd lr;s' l%ufhka Yrfha n,j;a j,;djhla
we;s h' f fl;r wd.dO we;;a klg tla jrla muKla wdydr
je<y' th ;u md;%fhka muKla je<y' wms f W;= idka;=jrhd
foi n,ka mqu jQfjuq' flf<ia j,g ;ekla ke;'
wmg tjeks ;;a;ajhla Wod jQfha k wm Tijdf.k f.kshkag
isf' fuh we;af;kau ,ecdjls' wm f,dfydUqf ;nd fm;s .ikakdla
fuka isk ye n,d flf<ia iskdfi;s' urd uia lrK f;la f wNsudkj;a
mqreIhka flf<ia j,g hg;a f' fujeks wjia:djkag uqyqK ug yels
ksid wm ks;r wdpdh ukaf.a m%;dmj;a p;h .ek isysm;a l< hq;=h'
tg fn!oaO m%;sm;a;s /lSug Wkka f' ke;fyd;a flf<ia i;=rkaf.
ka neg ldf.k mrdchg m;afj;s'
l%ufhka wdpdh ukaf.a frda.h n,j;a h' wms iefjdu ryiska
l;sld lr rd;s%fha lKavdh jYfhka Wkajykafif.a l=h hg uqr lf<uq'
Wkajykafia ta ms<sn| frdaOh m< lrk neka tfia ryis.; uq' bkamiq
wmf.a n,j;a b,a,Su m Wkajykafiaf.a l=h bmsg wd,skaofha NsCIQka
fokulg rd;s%fha ysug yelsh' fokula my; ud,fha jev is;s' wka
ish fokd udrefjka udrejg fufia fiajd l<y'
jia ld,h wjika jQ g fIaG YsIH NsCIQka fkdfhla m<d;a j,ska
we wdy' Wkajykafiag je" ms lsug yd Wmia:dk lsug fndfyda
NsCIQka /iajQy' tla kla b;du widOH ;;a;ajfha isg ;uka jykafiaf.
a mksjdKfhka miq ms<smeh hq;= wkaou ms<sn| ishu NsCIQka wu;d
l:d l<y'
uu ka wjidk ld,hg <x we;' uu u< miq is jkafka l=ulahs
is;d n,uq' ish,a, ie,iq l< hq;=h' ud uefrk nj lSm j;djlau mejiqfj' uf.a urKh ukqIHhkag muKla fkdj ;sika i;=kag jqjo
278
wjidk ld,h
n,mdk lreKls' uu f nxfkdx *s wdrdufha urKhg m;aug leu;s

ke;' fuys uf,d;a ud n,kag tk uyd fiakdjg wdydr msKsi i;a;aj
>d;kh is lr;s' tlaflfkl=f.a urKh ksid fndfyda i;=ka urKhg
m;afj;s' fuys wdydr ,nd .ekSug fjf<| ie,a ke;' uu uyK jQ k isg
i;a;aj ysxidfjka je<l=fK' lreKdj ks;r uf.a is; ;=< rc flf'
uu ks;r fu;a jvd ish i;a;ajhskag msx wkqfudaoka lr' uf.a urKh
lsisfjl=g ysxidjla fkdfjd'
Tn ud ifldka kfLdka lrd f.k hkq uek' tys uf.a urKh
is h hq;=hs' tys Yd, fjf<| ie,a we;' ks;r foff,a fuys tk msi
jefjka mj;S' fuh ieug Yd, m%Yakhls' fndfyda fokd uf.a urKh
.ek lmd fj;s' tfy;a th m%Yk
a hla fkdf' uf.a urKhg uu iQodkj
is' uf.a Yrfhka .e, hdu .ek lsis lKiai,a,la ke;' ta ms<sn|
kshu wdldrhg pdrd we;' uQ, jH /ila tla ie ,;a fuu Yrh
le tu uQ,jHhkag mj;kh jkq we;' ug we,S lsug lsisjla
ke;' .f fldrgqj, i;=ka ;CIhg m;au .ek mukla lafj' mdr
ff.a uia .d;a mska l=Kk ;eka lSug leu;s fkdfj' tneka uu
blauKska msg hd hq;=h' f ms<sn| hful=g lSug fohla we;ak ka
l:d lrkag wjia:djhs'
lsisfjla l:d fkdlr;s' uq fiakdj ;=IaKSN+;j n,d is;s'
zzhumspPx k,N;s ;ums lLxZZ ;;a;ajh b;d ne?reh' fuys isu
fyda ifldka kfLdka f.k heu m%Yakhla fkdf' Wkajykafiaf.a wNdjh
ms<sn| ish,af,dau la jQy' wka;sf Wkajykafiaf.a u;h wkqj ish foa
lsug ;SrKh .;ay'
l,ska nkafkdx *s .jeisfhda Wkajykafiaf.a wmj;a u tu .fuys
isu ;ukag f,dl= knqjla f,i ie<l+y' zzwms b;d <s jqj;a wfma
yoj;a fmdfydi;ah' wms ish wdodyk lghq;= is lruq' fujeks uyd
wdpdhjrfhl=f.a wju`.=,a W;aijh wmg is lsug yelshdj we;' wms
iefjdu wfma ;h jqjo msug iQodk fjuq'ZZ wms f uD; foayh f.k
hkag bv fkdfouq' wfma wka;su yqiau olajd ta .ek igka lruq'
wdpdh ukaf.a l:dj wid tu .jeisfhda wl is;a ;ejq,lg
m;a jQy' Wkajykafia lajQ lreKq u; lsisfjl=g l:d l< fkdyelsh'
kuq;a th Tjqkaf.a yoj;a foord .sfhah' we;af;kau ta msi wmf.a wjxl
lreKdjg yd wkqlmdjg m;ajQy' Tjqka ; mQcdfjka wdpdh uka
279
mqok nj uu kq;a isysm;a lr' Tn ish fokdu Tjqka flf wkqlmd

lrK nj ug Yajdihs'
ish fcHIaG YsIH msi iy /iaj is msi Wkajykafia Tijdf.
k hdug l,ska we|la ieug Odk l<y' miqod Yd, msila tu
.s,ka we| Wkajykafiaf.a l=h wi<g f.kdy' ish fokdu lska we,,S
.shy' ;uka fndfyda fihska ms%h l< jia;=jla ksielfhkau ke;sf' tys
is ish fokdu ord .kag ne fYdalfhka y~d je,mqkdy'
yS,a odkfhka miq .uk wdrN lsug ksh;hs' .f ksiqkaf.
a l" wm%udKh' ish fokdf.a yoj;a ;=< we;s n,j;a ixf.fhka weia
j,ska l i,;s' ta fudfydf;a fcHIaG YsIHfhda wdpdh uka Tijdf.k
wjq;a wef|ys ;ekam;a l<y' ish fokdf.a wdorh" f.!rjh" l ks ys
ke;' .sys ia;S% mqreI msi Y%djl NsCIQka" idufKarjre tlfia l i<;s'
ta l lshd .kag ne ;r h' uu o ta yd iu`. uy;a fia la jqfk'
tfy;a uu tu .uk hdug ksh;hs' ksiaiq ,dm ;shka zzTn jykafia
iqj kej; tkakZZ hehs je<mqkdy' zzwm w;rux lr f f,dalfhka hkag
tmdZZ Tjqkag lsis wiajeis,a,la ke;' f wh fl;r wirKhs wdpdh
uka lmd h' ta wh k W.;a jqjo bjikag ne h' Wkajykafia wm
yer h;s' kej; fuys fkdt;shs uy;a fia lmd jQy' yS,a odkfhka miq
ish fokd .ukdrNh .ek uy;a iQodkka ishy' .f ksiaiq l=h
jgd tlafrdla jQy' ;u l m%ldY lf<a ne.Em;aj y~ks' NsCIQkag iy
idufKarjrekag o bjish fkdyelsh' wdpdh uka f uOHfha Tijdf.
k hk u`. fomi N+ lmdjla ksid we;s jQ uqyq /,a,la fuka l,n,h
w;sYh laui
q q h' Wkajykafia /f.k hk msi .sh miq uq m%foaYh uyd
>k wrla fuka ksy~ h' Tjqkaf.a ; tljru ke;sh' .ia" fld<x
mjd ksy~;djhlska fkdie,S is;s' wdpdh uka ;u YsIH mrmrdjla
iu`. iQ jk fmfoi ysiah' wjqre .Kkdjla .f jeisfhda ks;r wjq;a
;u la .ek,s ksrdlrKh l< wdjdi N+h ysiah' ;j NsCIQka tys
jdih l<;a Yd, jDCI rdchd fmr<S we;' tu rela fijfKa wNh odkh
,nd.;a msi" .suka yka ;u flf<ia re lr.;a msi" ; mQcdfjka
Ydikh rlskakg wIaGdk .;ay' Oufha yeiqreK tlu mqoa.,hdf.
a Yla;sh ldg;a jegyqKs'
wdpdh uka iu`. .uka .;a msi .u yryd f.dia fkdfmkS
.sh g fndfyda fokd ta .uka ud.fha .uka .;ay' ksy~j lauqiq
280
wjidk ld,h
uqyqKska .uka lf<a wju`.=,a fmryerl hk ,S,dfjks' ;u <`.u f,a

{d;sfhl=f.a wNdjhla fuka Tjqka miqmi .uka lr;a' ;udf.a iqkq iqkq
.sh n,dfmdfrd;a;= bjid .; fkdyelsh' ish,a, keiS jekiS yudr
hehs Tjqkag isf;a' ;ju j;a fjka ish;a Wkajykafiaf.a hdu Tjqkag
ord.; fkdyelsh'
uu o f wkaoka w;sYh ixf.hg m;a jQ nj mdfmdPdrKh
lr' uq .uk mqrd uf.a isf;a mej;=fKa ug ;snK
q tlu msyg
s irK ke;s
jQ g ldf.a msysglao hk m%Yakh h' Ndjkd .eg j, Wkajykafia ug
tlu msysg h' <`.u kej;= m,g ie;mq 15la muK r we;' tfy;a
. .uk fkdkqj;aju .sfhuq' Wkajykafia miqmi hka Wkajykafiaf.
a urKhg miq l=ula lrkafko @ Wkajykafia j;a f hehs uu iqka jQ
n,dfmdfrd;a;=j w;ka jka jr is;=fj' uf.a Ndjkdf ishq wjia:
djlg uu t<U we;' B<`.g Wmfoia ,nkafka flfiao @ ;ju ug ;ksju
ksrdlrKh l< fkdyels .eg we;' uu Wkajykafia wys f hkak
is;k ;dla wkd.;h wre h'
uq .uk mqrdu lsisu frda.S iajNdjhla Wkajykafiaf.a fkdfmfka'
iqj kskafoa miqfj;shs fka' tfy;a Wkajykafiag kskao .sfhau ke;'
uOHdyakfha .ia .=Nhl fijfKa u| ld,hla vdj ixis|jd .ekSug
kej;Sug wjir b,afjuq' zzwms ka fldfyaoeZZhs Wkajykafia tg weiQy'
ta jpk Yoh weiQ .i ud CIsma; h' ud wdhdifhka bjid ord.;a
wdorh bhg mek ke.=Ks' uu f ;r Wkajykafiaf.a lgy~g we
lro @ Wkajykafia kej; bm we;ehs ye`.=Ks' tu jpk Yoh t;r
ysh'
zz;=ka f,dalfha we;s tlu W;= mqoa.,hd ud w;yer h;s' uu b;d
wirK jQ wkd: orefjla fj' uf.a yoj; mqmqrd hdug hkafkah' uf.ka
fjka Wkajykfia hhs' th uf.a m%dK jhqf yer hduls' iodl,a uu
;ksfj'ZZ Wkajykafiaf.a jpk Yoh weiqK .i fujeks m; woyi
.,d hhs' iuyre uu msii
a q T,audo ldrfhla hehs is;kq ksielh' ta;a lrkag
fohla ke;' uu tlfy<du th ms<s.ks' wdpdh uka ms<sn| uf.a mqu
msiaiqjla we;' Wkajykafia fjkqfjka uf.a ;h i;=ka m;Hd. lr'
Wkajykafiag wjYH k uu ta ms<sn| fojrla fkdis;' tfy;a wfyda
Wkajykafiag uf.a ; mqcdj wjYH ke;' i;Hh k Wmka iefjdu
urKhg m;ajk njhs' f wjia:dfjka fula ke;'
uq .uk whr follska ksudug ie<iq lr we;' m<uq k nka
281
*q ydrh olajd .uka .;suq' tys k lSmhla .;lr wdpdh ukag vd

ixisjd .ekSug i<id we;' f ydrhg meKqfKa ljr jefuka
miqjh' l mduq, jf .uka .;a fyhska ud.h lah' l uqfkka
je we;s mdr Wkajykafiag yd tlaj .sh jhil whg hd .ekSu Ialr
ksid fl mdrla jqjo" wms > ud.fha .uka .;af;uq' tys my;a N+hl
Wkajykafiag ie;mSug l=hla iQodk lf<uq' fndfyda NsCIQka iy .sys
msia wjq;a je ms lsug iqiq f,i th ms<sfh, lr ;snqKs'
fuu nka *s wdrdufha lSm kla kej;Sug is jQfha Wkajykafiaf.a
frda.S;djh b;d ne?re jQ ksidh' tfy;a ta fya;=fjka Yd, ckldhla
tys we wdy' rd;S% ld,fha mjd wjq;a neyel je ms l<y' fndfyda wh Wkajykafia ms<sn| wid we;s kuq;a l .ekSug fkdyels jQfha
Wkajykafia ks;r uyd le<Ef iQ fyhsks' msksjka mdkakg wdikak jQ
kk f,dalfha w;s W;a;u ry;ka jykafia kula l .ekSug ish fokdu
Wkkafjks' tfia jkaokd udk lsfuka fndfyda msx ,efnk nj;a" ;udf.
a l ke;sfjk nj;a Tjqyq Yajdi l<y' ukqIH;ajfha W;= m%;s,dNhla
f,i Tjqyq fuh ie<l+y'
tys meKs uq,a kfhau wdpdh uka ;uka jykafia ifldka
kfLdka f.k hkafka ljodhs uiQy' ;uka jykafia nka *s ys msksjka
mEug fkdleu;s njla ;u YsIHhkag kq kay' tys kjd;eka .kafka
Wkajykafiaf.a frda.S;ajh u`yyer .ekSug nj Tjqka lSy' bkamiq ksy~
miqk tfia kej;;a weiQy' YsIHfhda kej;;a tu ms<s;=re ka miq
ksy~ h' tfy;a lSm jdrhlau fufia wik ,' fufia kej;S isu ksid
tys hdug fkdyels jk nj Wkajykafia mejiQy' miqj ;rula f.fhka
fodia lSy'
zzTn udj fuys urKhg m;a lsugo f hkafka @ uu uq,k
s u
a ifldka
kfLdka j, urKhg m;ajk nj lSfj' blauka lrkak' ld,h blau
hhs'ZZ wjidk k Wkajykafia ishu YsIHhka f.kajd ;uka jykafia f
rd;s%h t<sjk ;=re j;a fkdjk nj;a kauu f.k hd hq;= nj;a mjid
wef|a ihkh lsug wlue;s h' tg Wkajykafia Ndjkd bhfjka b;d
wdhdifhka ysjd noaO mhH_xlfhka isug wdOdrl i<iajd ksuq' ifldka
kfLdka Ydjg uqyqK ,d Wkajykafia iud.; h' bkamiq iudfhka
ke.S isg kau tys hd hq;= nj meiQy' miqod WoEik fkdjrojd f.k
hk nj fcHIaG YsIHfhda mejiQy' tfyhska ;rul wiajeis,a,la ,nd
282
wjidk ld,h
Wkajykafiaf.a ;;a;ajh ms<sn| l:d l<y'

zzuf.a ld,h wjidkhs' ;j;a j;a ug fkdyelsh' kau msg
.sfhd;a whu jk g tu w;s fYa%IaG fudfydf;a tys hd .; yelsf'
f Yrfha uQ,Od;+kaf.a nr bis,Sug ug ;j rg fkdyelsh' f isrer
iodld,slj uu ksreoaO lr' kej; bka yg .kakd la mSvd ke;' uu
kq;a wNdjhg hka urKhg m;ajk nj fkdfkao @ uf.a Yrfhka
we;s jevla ke;' fujeks Ydl la fokd f we;s M,h l=ulao @ uu
ifldka kfLdka hkag leu;s jkafka ulaksidhs Tn ish fokdu oks;s'
ta ksidu fkdfo uu fuys wdf @ wehs Tn uf.a .uk m%udo lrkafka
f ifldka kfLdkao @ jydu ud tys fkdf.k hkafka wehs @ uu kau
hd hq;=hs' Tn n,d iskafka l=ulgo @ u< isrerl we;s jef lsu @ lsis
jevla keye' ud fydoaolaj;a yokak neye'
uf.a Yrfha wjidk fudfyd; <`.d we;' uu lshk foa lsif
s jl=g
fkdwefiao @ uu lshk foa lrkafka keoao @ ug Wjukd foa fldmuK lSjdo
@ lsisfjl= weyqlka fkdfo;s' Tn Tjeks wdldrhg ovnr k i;Hh
jgyd .kafka flfiao @ Tn ud j;aj ishu" uf.a bmsgu wlSlre
ovnr fj;s' uu lshk foa fkdms<s;s' ud u< miq Tn iqjp lSlre jkafka
flfiao @ uu lshkafka i;Hhls' uf.a ;;a;ajh b;d meye,sj Tng lshd
we;' tfy;a th fia ms<s fkd.ks;s' uf.a isf;a f,dl= ielhla we;'
idikh mj;ajd .ekSug wjYH kHdh Ou Tng ms<smeh yelso @
wdpdh uka fudfydf;a b;du uqrKavq .;shla lajQy' ?
t<sjk ;=re ksod .ekSu m%;sfCIam lrka ishy' kskaog jegqfKd;a kej;
msfokafka ke;s nj Wkajykafia oks;a hs ug iel my< h' ta ff,a
Wkajykafia ie;fmkafka ke;af;a wehs hs wmg fkdf;areKs' miqod Wfoa
7 jk g Yd, g%la r: lSmhla m%dfoaYSh uyd ud. fomd;fka;=fjka
meK we;' kq pqjfkd;a uy;ah fuu fmryef bfhka hdug
ksh;h' Wkajykafia fuu tla r:hl .uka lsug tl`. h' wksl=;a
ishu NsCIqka jykafia,dg .uka lsug iEfyk r: weoahs uiQy' tu
r: ;=fka hd fkdyels k tu jdyk kej; meK b;s fik`. f.k
hkq ,ef' tg wdpdh uka f ms<sfj, fydka wjfndaO lr ksy~ h'
yS,a odkfhka miq Wkajykafiag kskao hdug fnfy;la tkak;a l<y' tu
mdrj, j, f.dve,sj,ska hq;a neka .ukd.ukh b;d Ialrh' Wkajykafia .s,ka we|l ;nd Tijd tu r:hl ;ekam;a l<y' Wkajykafia kskaog
jegqky' tu r: b;d fika .uka lr uOHdyakfha ifldka kfLdka j,g
283
im%dma; h'
tys ;ju;a kskafoa miqfjk Wkajykafia j iqoaOj;a wdrdufha
l=hl ;ekam;a lrk ,' uOHu rd;sh
% jk ;=re Wkajykafia msfka ke;'
wj mehlg miq Wkajykafia ;u w| ys YsIHhkag ksrka;rfhka lshd
we;s m wka;su yqiau fy,kakg wdikak h' zzka fmakjdo wehs uu
fu;r lE .eiqf' uf.a la lkaordj blauKska ksreoaO f' tu urK
ix{d ka ka fmfka' Tng fkdf;af k fydka n,d.; uek' Tn
bfha we;s oYkh foi n,d iskq' uu lSf we;a;o fndreo @ kamiq
w| f.d ys .;s mylr .kq' Tf isysl,a .;s w;a ykq' Tng ka
fmkS hk foa .ek .eUqka is;kq' .Kkla ke;sj iskak tmd'''ZZ f wd
foa lshkakdla fuka wm ieu ;%ia; isfhuq'
zzNdrd kfj mxpCLJZZ f mxpialkaOh we;af;kau uyd nrls'
whu meh .Kkska Wkajykafia ;u isrefrka iuq.ks;s' f w;sYh l
fokdjkaf.ka ioygu iuq.ks;s' lsisu kqjKe;af;la fujeks foa kej;
iir ug fkdleu;s f' uq wdrduh t<sjk ;=r ksy~h' lsisfjl=
tu ksy~;djh lv fkdl<y' tfjf,au uyd wdpdjrfhl= jQ p l=
Lqka Ouufc j fnda fidf*dka isg meKshy' Wfdaka;dks isg uy;a
ixf.fhka f m%jD;a;h
s wid meKshy' tys b;d Ydka;j Ndjkd ukisldrfhka jd is;s' tfy;a n,j;a ixf.hlska yoj; foord h;s' fudk
fudfydf;a wjika yqiau fy,;shs n,d ishy' NsCIQka jykafia,d fma<s
3lska is;s' jeuy,a ia:rhka bfhka is;s' ish fokdu Wkajykafia
foi iQCIuj n,ka is;s' l j.=rjka ;u isf;a n,j;a fYdalh
ord.; fkdyelsj is;s' fuh fkdje<elah yelsh' ;ukaf.a ;fhka
ka M,la ke;ehs fka'
uq, wdpdh uka ol=ke,fhka isxy fihHdfjka ishy' th
Wkajykafiag wmyiqjla hehs is;d msgqmi fldg bj;a lr Wvq w;g
.d l<y' Wkajykafiag fuh kqk .i kej; yeug uykais .;ay'
tfy;a th l< fkdyelsh' h fcHIaG wdpdhjre Wkajykafiaf.a bhj
fjkia lsug ;e;a l<y' kuq;a th kqiqiq nj f;areKs' wjidkfha
Wkajykafia msksjka mEf ol=Ke,fhkq;a fkdf Wvq w;g;a fkdf ta
fofla ueo bhjlsks' lsisfjl=g lr lshd .ekSug fkdyelsj n,d is;s'
Wkajykafiaf.a wjidk fudfyd; flka Nfhka ieflka ksrdjqOj isfha
yqiau .ekSugj;a wu;l fuks'
284
wjidk ld,h
kd" ;;amr .Kka miqfjkjd;a iu`. Wkajykafia yqiau ishq

h' wdYajdi" m%dYajdifhda ksreoaO u foi weismsh fkdfy,d ish fokd
n,d is;s' tljru ksreoaO jQfha b;d ikaiqkaj' woyd .kag ne f,ih'
ndysr ,CIK lsisjla fjkia jQfha ke;' idudkH flfkl=f.a urKhg
jvd yd;amiska fjkia h' lsisfjl=g wjidk fudfyd; ykd .ekSug
fkdyels h' tfy;a Wkajykafia f w;s Nhxlr Yajfhka wjidk jrg
iuq.;a fudfyd; th h'
c Lqka Ouufc uyd ia:rfhda f ish,a, wjOdrKfhka n,d
isg zzWkajykafiaf.a wdYajdi m%dYajdifhda ka ksreoaO jQy'ZZ ;u w;a
Trf,daiqj n,d f,dj whu 2'23 nj ie,l<y' f wjia:dj ish
fokd uy;a ixf.h lajQfha l ms fofk;ska ishq leiailska iy
fldrk jpk .,d hdulsks' ldurh ;=< ksfid,auka ksy~;djhls'
oreKq l<lsulska hq;a iqka jq n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka is msils' yoj; ;=<
/ we;af;a iQkH;djhls' jpkj,ska lshd.; fkdyelsh' Yrh ysia
ksYap,h" .,a .eiS we;' Yajh fudfyd;lg kej;=ks' wdpdh uka ;u
iuq;s ;h w;ayer taldka; Ydka; m%kS; wixL; i;Hhg m%IaG
we;' ka u;= ixL; Oufhda Wkajykafiag mSvd fkdfo;s'
uu o yoj; me,S f.dia urKhg m;afjkakdla fuka ;on, lska
Wkajykafia wi< isfh' uf.a yojf;a wr n,j;a ixf.h .; is;
fj,df.k is' bka ula ke;' uf.a is; uefrka mj;sk nj yef`.a'
u| fj,djlg miq Wkajykafiaf.a fcHIaG YsIHfhda tu uD; Yrh
ksis wdldr ;ekam;a lr miqod Wfoa B<`. mshjr .ek idlPd lsug
iu; l<y' NsCIQka lSm fofkla ldurh we;=f<a iy msg wd,skaofha
ishy' uq m<d;u zzlsikaZZ ,dmq j,ska wdf,dalu;a h' fndfyda
YsIHfhda bnd.df;a tfy fufy h;s' we;a;gu lSm kula la,dka;
jegqky' ta whg ms<sirKla ke;' ;fhka we;s f;areula ke;' wdrdufha
ishu NsCIQyq ;u ;fha wNd.H imkak ld,hla we;sjk nj iqka jQ
n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka is;s' Wkajykafiaf.a ma;su;a wdf,dalh wm yoj;a
m%fndaOu;a l<y' tlgu ta ish,a, w;=reoyka we;' lsis ms<sirKla
ke;sj b ;hg uqyqK mE hq;=h' uq Yajfha lsisu wdOdrlhla"
irKla ke;' i;a;j
a hd hlsis wdOdrhl t,anf.k ;u ; hd;%dj f.k
hk nj wu;l we;' ta fudfydf;a isf;a we;af;a ;ud wirK jQ nj
muKs' wdpdh uka tlu irK h' Wkajykafia ; mQcdfjka woydf.
285
k yo m;af,ka Yajdi ;nd ishy'

uu nqoaO Ou ix> hk f;rejka .=K woyd ks;r irK .sfh'
tfy;a ta fudfydf;a ta r;k;%h wE; r " msysg ,nd .ekSug fkdyels
h' wdpdh uka weia bmsg ukqIHh ,S,dfjka wmf.a ish la fodkia
iel nh ;=rka l<y' uy;a lKiai,af,ka Wkajykafia fj; meK fkdfhla .eg bm;a l< kuq;a ta ish,a, i isf;a l w;=reoyka f'
uf.a m%Yak ksrdlrKh l< yels wka lsisfjla ke;s nj fka ug tjeks
lreKdjla olajkafka ljqo @ ldf.ka Wmfoia ,no @ uf.a ;kslu .ek
uu h jqfk' uf.a fudayh is;a ;ejq, ud fj,df.k we;' Wkajykafiaf.ka ,enQ Wmfoia ;j rg fkd,ef' ldg lsho @ uf.a isf;a we;s
iel nj" wksYa; nj byjyd f.dia we;' la fodkia ms f,dalhla
ud bfha .gu fmfka' Wkajykafiaf.a uD; foayh bfha isk uf.a
is; ;=< fjk lsisu fohla ke;' Ydl vdjla l=i.skakla fkdfka'
ld,h fyda oj,a ? fkdfka' uu wdYajdi m%dYajdi lrk fyd,aukls'
uyK fuka miq lsis lf<l fujeks la; ;;aa;ajhlg je ke;' f
m%md;fhka f.dv ug l%uhla ke;' Wkajykafiaf.a uD; foayh foi
n,k yeu g l .,d hhs' fldmqf,ka .,d hk l kj;d .ekSug
fkdyel' ud bls |ka ye~qfj' W.=r lg h,S ysr uf.a is;s,s
;=< kdu.ak isfh'
wka;sf uf.a m%lD;a;s isysh ,enqfj' uf.a is;;a iu`. l:d
lf<' zzug Wjukd jkafka mmqj me,S urKhg m;augo @ Wkajykafia
lsisu fohla .ek fkd;ld ksoyiaj" wNdjhg m;ah' ud bkafka flf<ia
j,ska fj,Sf.kh' ud ka urKhg m;a jqfKd;a uf.a ;Kaydj iy is;a
;ejq, iu`. ue uy;a llg m;af' uf.a fodki fyda urKh ug fyda
wdpdh uka yg lsis jevla ke;' Wkajykafia j;ajk ld,fha fufia
udrdka;sl Nla;shla we,aula .ek lshd ke;' fujeks we,S f,!lsl mD:
ck .;shls' uf.a Ouh ms<sn| jqjo fuh f,!lsl we,Suls' th fn!oaO
NsCIqjlg fkd;r f' ksjka lrd fhduq jQ ug fujeks woyia fhda.H
fkdf' zzfhd Oux miai;s - fid ux miai;sZZ Ouh olskakd nqka olS
hkak nqoaO foaYkdjls' uf.a is;s,s Oudkql+, fkdf' uu wdpdh uka
W.ekajQ Ouh ms<sm' tg uu Wkajykafiag Wiiau ie<lsu lr'
Wkajykafia b.eka jQ m%;sm;a;s mQrKh lrka urKhg m;a jkafka
k th Wkajykafiag lrK W;= mQcdjls' f jkdys uf.a yeis h
hq;=h' uf.a b .uk jid,k fujeks widudk Nla;s wdorh ksid ud
kdY f'ZZ
286
wjidk ld,h
fufia uf.a m%lD;s isysh ,nd .;s' m%{dfjka iy isys nqoafhka

uf.a isf;a mej;s uy;a jQ le<u iu: m;ah' lsis jeo.eulg ke;sj
ud mK mska je<,S hkafka wehs @
wdodykh
wi,ajeis . ksh . j,g wdpdh ukaf.a wNdjh ms<sn|
f;dr;=re me;s .sfhah' fcHIaG NsCIQka jykafia,d iy rcfha ks<Odka
fkdlvjd meK foayhg wdpdr mj;aj;s' wdodykh is lsug ie<iq
lr;s' Wkajykafiag ksis f.!rj meje;ah hq;=h' ffhda iy mqj;am;a
j, ikaksfokh l<y'
f wdldrfhka uq rg mqrd f lauqiq mqj; weiq oi oyia ixLHd;
fik`. meKshy' wE; m<d;aj,ska meKs whg rd;s% kjd;eka iemhSug
ish' fndfyda mslr Wkajykafiag mQcd lrK ,' Wkajykafia j;aj
bkak ld,fha jeis jIdjla fuka mslr .,d wdfh' wdpdh uka ;u
; mrjg ;nd fiajh lr we;' ta ishu mslr ish fokdg fnod
yefhah' Wkajykaia ;r <s mam;a lsis NsCIqjla fkdh' Wkajykafiag ,enqK foa wkka;h' tfy;a ta ish,a, oka ks' lsisjla ke;ak
;uka jykafia myrKh lrk foa mjd wjYH flfkl=g fo;s' f ksidu
Wkajykafiaf.a wmj;a fuka miqjo fndfyda fokd mslr /f.k wdy'
jeys wdpdhjre rcfha ks<Odka iu`. idlPd lr uD; foayh
udi lSmhla ;ekam;a lr miqj wdodykh lsug ixOdkh l<y' 1950
ckjd mqr mCIfha wdodykh lsug fYaI rka is f.hla iy kS
fmhla iEk'
tu ksh; kfha iji 4g fndfyda NsCIQka iy .sys mskaj;=ka
meK uD; foayh kdjd isjqre y|jd iq fr j,ska t;+y' fmfha
bmi re neka uD; foayh l .; yelsh' iEuodu rd;s%h t<fUk
;=re iQ;% icCOdhkd l<y' c Lqka Ou fc wdpdhjrhd m%Odk ix>hd
jykafia,d nK foaYkd l<y' fndfyda fokd meK fuu iCOdhkd j,g
ijka kay'
fndfyda fokd ish leue;af;kau wjq;a f.!rj mQcd lrka ldHh
Ndrh bisy' ifldka kfLdka m%foaYfha ckhd ta ishu wuq;a;kaf.a
ix.%y Odkh l<y' ? oj,a fkdn,d uy;a mY%uhlska ish lghq;=
imdokh l<y' wka;sf th w;s Yd, wdodyk W;aijhla h' NsCIQka
287
jykafia,d ishhlg wl .Kkla tys udi .Kkdjla ,e`.= .;ay' odk

udk lsis kl wvqjla fkdh' .gu fma,s ie odkh fno;s'
odhl msi fl;r Wkkafjka f ldhh isoaO l,dhs uu weia
bfha ' th ug lsis kl wu;l fkdf' tjeks yDohx.u wdor
Nla;shla uu lsis kl l ke;' ta ish fokd wem lem udi .Kka
isl< fiajh woa;Sh wdYaphhls' uf.a yoj;skau ta whg ia;+;s mQjl
w.h lsu m< lr'
wdodyk lghq;= lsf ks;r jQ NsCIQka jykafia,dg uf.a wdor
Nla;sh mqo lr' ? oj,a fkdlvjd meKs msig wjYH ishu foa imdokh lsu iq mgq fkdh' oi oyilg wl fik`.la wdoyk khg
meKSug ksh;h' wdjdi f.j,a uq;eka f.j, b lsug ish' udi
.Kkla ;=< f jevlghq;= lsug fndfyda fokdf.a Y%uh wjYH h'
wjidk kh <`.d jQ g uq m%foaYhu ne;s u;=kaf.ka ms b;s
.sfhah' NsCIQka jykafia,d iy idufKar NsCIQkaf.ka uq m%foaYh jeiS
.sfhah' fndfyduhla jkdka;rfha <e`.= .;ay' NsCIQka jykafia,d 1000lg
je msila h' .sys mskaj;=ka .iahg fj,a hdfha is w;r wjg k.rfha
ishu Y%du Yd,d ms .sfhah'
f uyd fiakdj /ia wdodyk W;aijh meje;aug iQodk
jQ kuq;a ksy~;djhla tys we;' Yo ldYk hka;%fhka iqrejd
yk m%jD;a;s fyd|dldr wefia' ishu j;a ms<sfj;a luia:dk NsCIQkaf.
a im%odhg wkql+, h' wdydr wd mslr l .eiS we;' yd,a f.daks
ish .Kkla we;' jdyk mqrjdf.k fik`. nvq /f.k t;s' u;l jia;%
jYfhka ,enqK isjqre f.hla mqrjd we;'
uf.a f ia;rh w;sYfhdal;
a h
s la hehs yef`.a k uu iudj wh'
uf.a is; udkfhka l=,au;a h' wfma ;dhs cd;slfhda fumuK Y%oaOd
imkak" ;Hd.jka; wh hs uu k fkdisfh' ud mquhg m;a
is' f,dalh .ek is;k g ;dhs,ka;h l=vd rgls' tfy;a f whf.a
;Hd.jka; Ndjh lsisfjl=g fofjks fkdf' fn!oaO im%odhlg i,k
lreKd" ffu;S% .=Kh f ;dhs cd;slhka ;=< we;' wms yoj;skau wdor
Nla;sh mqo lrK m;Hd.Ys,S cd;shls'
f ,CIK lemS fmkqfKa wdpdh ukaf.a wdodyk W;aijfhah'
288
wjidk ld,h
km;d Yd, Wka j, msisk wdydr Ndck w;s Yd,h' n,kag;a h

we;s lrhs' tajd Tijdf.k hdug lSm fofkla wjYH f' odk id,d
lSmhla we;' NsCIQka 30-40-50 wd jYfhka tl;= oka j<|;s' luia:
dk wdpdhjrekaf.a im%odh wkqj md;%fhka wdydr j<|;s' tneka
wdydr nkaj,ska msKavmd; lr;s' fi" mqqgq wdh ilia lf<a fYaI
wuq;a;kagh'
NsCIQka jykafia,d jeu,a ms<sfj,g meK wdydr md;%hg fnod
.ks;'s n;a" t<j" ud" w;=remi ish,a, tlg oud j<|;s' wdpdh ukaf.
a iDoa m%d;sydHh iy odhlhskaf.a odk f;kdj ksid ksrka;rfhkau
wdydr iq,N h' md;% j,ska wdydr j<|k neka Ndck is" ms`.ka wd
fkdfhla NdKav wkjYH h'
lsif
s jla u;ameka ula fyda jdo jdohla fkdl<y' fidrlula ke;'
wu;l jQ mdjyka wd foa iuyr g jkd rka wdNrK ks<Odkag
f.k;a whs;sldrhskag myiqfjka ,nd .; yelsh' wij,a foa ,e we;s
fyhska whs;slrejkag tk f,i Yo ldYkfhka werhq lrhs' ke;s jQ
, uqo,a miq mjd whs;slreg ,nd.; yelsh' miqfha we;s uqo,a
m%udKh lS g whs;slrejd ykdf.k th Ndr fohs' hlsis ix{djlska
th ;udf.a nj Tmamq lr is'
wdodyk mQcd W;aijh k 4la iy rd;S% 3la mqrd meje;ah' tys
;snQ lemS fmfkk ,CIK fndfydah' lsisfjla l:d fkdlr;s' ish fokdu
b;d kS;j yeisfr;s' fujeks w;s Yd, ckldhla .uka lrk ls%hd lrk
ixhuh mqu t<jkakls' ish fokdf.a is;a tlu wruqKl msysgd we;'
rd;S% 8 isg NsCIQka jykafia,d iQ;% icCOdhkd lfr;s' .sys mskaj;=ka
iqfr" jr wdh mQcd lr;s' tla NsCIqjla Oudkqidikdjla lrhs'
miqod whu yS,a odkfhka miq .sys mskaj;a;= Yd, jYfhka ix>hdg
mslr mQcd flfr;s' fndfyda r isg ckhd /ia jQfha mslrla mQcd lr
.ekSugh' f oyia .Kka mslr iuyr g NsCIQka iuQyhla Ndr .;s'
iuyr g tla tla NsCIqj Ndr.;s' th lsisfia;a md,kh lsug fkdyels
h' ish fokd is fia mqo mQcd flfr;s' Yo ldYkfhka wmg mslr
mQcd lsug fumuK NsCIQka ,efjdhs wdrdOkd lr;s' wij,a NsCIqjg
ms lrla ug k ta uyd fiakdj ;=< h NsCIqjla fiug Ialr neka
Yo ldYkfhka ku lshd werhq l< hq;h
= ' ishu NsCIQka jykafia,df.
a k ,ehsia;=jla ixOdhlhka i;=j we;' tneka ksjerj tu wod<
289
NsCIqjf.a ku m%pdrh lrhs'

whu ld,fha NsCIQyq wjg .udkj,g jev msKavmd; l<y'
wdodyk kfha ishu NsCIQkg
a ish odk odhlhska iska iemhQy' NsCIQka
jykaia,d fm< .eiS .uka lrk g tla tla jykafiaf.a md;%hg .syshka
iska fkdfhla wdydr j. mQcd lrkq ,eh'
;=kajk pJ udifha pJhdf.a oifjks kfhys wdodyk mQcdj
wdrN 13jk pJhdf.a kfhka iudma; h' b;d iqfYaIj irik ,o
rka isf.hs foayh ;ekam;a jQ wk> kS fmh ;ekam;a lr we;' th
Wfmdi: f.a ka mj;sk ;ekh' oCI legh lrefjda ta ish,a, w,xlD;j
ksu lr we;' tjeks wdpdh;=ful=g i,k m ta ish,a, b;du ,CIKh
is;=reh' pJudifhka 14 fjks k NIaudjfYaI tl;= lrk ,' fuu
kh iQHh udifhka l=uk kh hs ug lsh fkdyelsh'
uD; Yrhg ishu NsCIQyq je| kuialdr lr iudj whey' ta
wjidk .uk fndfyda whf.a lauqiq wjia:djla h' iuyre Yo k.d
je<fm;s' th uyd l<n," jHdl+," wjq,a iys; fudfyd;ls' Wkajykafia
w;s msis Ydka; m%dKS; ksjdK fCIau N+hg meK we;' kej; f
f,dalhg meKSula ke;'
ish fokdu ;u yojf;a ;snQ la Wkajykafia foiQ Ouh ksid iu:
hlg m;a jQ nj is;ka ishy' wl=Y,hkaf.a ne?re nj f;are .;ay'
ud; foayhg fufia f.!rj lf<a yojf;a we;s lD;{;dj mQjljh' f
wjidk fudfyd; Tjqka is fia je<mqkdy'
tfy;a ry;ka jykafia flfkl=f.a w;s mQckSh wdodyk W;aijhlg
iyNd.s ug ;r f wh jdikdjka; h' Wkajykafiag we;s f.!rjh
wiS;h' zzwms ljod udrhdf.a ,ska fufia ksjka Ydlaid;a lro @
ZZ wjidkfha uD; foayh wdodykh msKsi ;ekam;a l< g ish fokdu
ksy~ h' th kerug fndfyda fokd tla frdla ;o no uy;a
wmyiq;djhlg m;ajQy'
rd;S% 12g wdodykh msKsi .sks ,a jQ g mqu wdYaphhla iah'
l=vd j<dl=,la .skaor o uqkska iE or iE .sks u; ishq jIdjla
m;s; h' rd;S% mqr i| oi w; wdf,dalu;a lr;s' miqj uq m<d;u ishq
jIdjlska f; .sfhah' th b;d wiajdNdl wdYaphhls' ks,a wyi
ia f' jId ,l=Kq lsisjla ke;' u,a jIdjlao @ wud jeiailao@ tu
290
wjidk ld,h
pu;aldr oYkh ug lsis fgl wu;l fkdf'

wdpdh ukaf.a or iEh ika or j,ska idod we;' ,dia rfgka
fuu ika j wdkhkh lr we;' th fldka .`. yryd f.kajk ,'
fuu ika or bkamiq iqj| l+re iu`. Y% lr we;s neka b;d iqfYaI
fohla h' wdodyk lghq;= wjika jk ;=re rcfha ks<Odyq iy .sys
me msi / ishy'
miqod Wfoa 9g NIaudjfYaI tl;= lrK ,' th j.lS iys;
fndfyda fokd w;r fnod iqrCIs;j lrvqj, nyd km;d mQcd i;aldr
lsug wem lem jQ wh h' tfy;a fik`. b;d je neka ish fokdgu Od;= ,nd .ekSug fkdyels h' m%foaY 20 lska meKs ks<Od ta ta
m%foaYhg ks, jYfhka /f.k .shy'
fufia NIaudjfYaI fnod ksu l< g fYaI isoahla isjqKs' tk
fndfyda ckhd w`.=re yd NIaudjfYaI or iEfhka tl;= lsug fmdr lEy'
wjidkfha tu oriEfha tl l=vd wxY=jlaj;a ke;sj imQKfhkau Y=oaO
h' ish fokdu i;=ka ;ud uiqrka fmdhla ,nd .;a;dla fuka mS%;su;a
jQy' fuho mqu t<jk fohla h'
wka;sf f ckhd wjidk jrg or iEh ;snQ ;ek jd Ndjkd
fhda.Sj u| f,djla ishy' ta wh ke.sg .sh miq fjk lKavdhula jd
Ndjkd l<y' fuh meh .Kkdjla olskakg ,enqKs' th n,d ys; ;ka
lmd h'
uu fuf;la f,d ia;r l< ishu isoakag fya;= jQfha yojf;a
mek k.sk Y%oaOd nqoahhs' oi oyila NsCIQyq iy .sys msi ;u yojf;a
mek ke.s Nla;sfhka fufia mqu t<jk f,i yeisreKy' Tjqka ish
fokdf.a yojf;ys Ouh mej;=ks' ta is;aj, ;snQ f;kd msis neka
urKska u;= iq.;shl bmug bjy,a f' tfy;a f,dalfha je ixLHdjla
msi ,ecd Nh ke;sj wl=i,aj, fh wmdfha Wm;s' tfia Wmam;a;shla
,efuka yoj; ;j ;j;a my;a j, njg m;af' bka u b;du
Iaalrh'
yoj; hkq ksid iir .uk lrjk m%n, Yla;shls' tu yojf;a
.=K iuqodhla wef;d;a Tyqg i;=g ikaf;daIh bjiSu iekiSu ,ef' ;u
ixidl .uk myiq f' Wmk Wmk wd;auhkays i;=g ikaf;daIh nyq,
jYfhka ,ef' wjidkfha yoj; b;d msis f' wdpdh ukaf.a yoj;
291
tfia fndfyda ld,hla mkduh iqiqoaO Ndjhla we;s h'

wdpdh uka msksjka mE nj oi w; m;, h' ry;=ka jykafiaf.
a urKh msksjka mEuls' ud muKla fkdf fndfyda ckhd Wkajykafiaf.a wy;a Ndjh wjdofhka ms<sf.k fufia mQcd Wmydr lajQy'
Wkajykafiaf.a p;fhka f ms<sn| lsis ielhla ke;s nj Tmamq f'
Wkajykafia foaYkd l< Ouh wu; Ouhls' tjeks msis yoj;lska
foaYkd lrkafka tjeks Ouhls' hful=f.a yoj; fufia msis l< g
f wdldrhg m;af' Ouh yd m%;sm;a;s ;=<ska muKla fuh l< yelsh'
tu is;s,s wdh ;a;hkah'
yoj; hkq f,dalfha b;du jkd jia;=jls' th msis jQ l, fyda
wmsis jQ l, i;a;ajhdf.a yeisu ta wkqj hhs' wmf.a yoj; msis
lsu b;du wjYH jkafka bka wm iy wjg mirh iqrlaIs; jk neks'
tg f,dalfha j;au uy;a jq mS%;shls' lsis lla lK.dgqjla ke;'
wdpdHh ukaf.a wdodykfhka miq Wkajykfiaf.a f.da, msi fnfyka lKiai,a,g m;ajqKs' ;u ;fha tlu wdOdrlhd jQ Wkajykafia
ke;su n,j;a mdvqjls' kQ, lvd .sh irex.,h fuka Wka jykafia,d ta
f w; isr .shy' foudmshka ke;s l=vd orejka fuka lmkhg m;ajQy'
l ld,hlg miq tla jQ g fujeks wdpdhjrfhl=f.a wjjdo wkqYdikd
fkd,ef wdNd.H jegyqKs'
Wkajykafia,df.a uq,a moku foord .sfhah' YsIHhka hlsis n,
Yla;shla ,nd w;ak h:d ld,fha tu ud.h Tiafia .uka l< yels
f' m%Odksfhl=f.a wNdjh" mjqf,a fyda .f fyda rf fyda h wdh;k
wdfha tu msi wirK jk ;;a;ajhls' tneka j;aj bkak wh tu
mdvqj msueiSug bm;a h hq;=h'
wdpdh uka msksjka mE wjia:df ug f mdvqj | .ekSug
fkdyels hs' Wkajykafia ;ks mqoa.,fhls' .sys me uyd fiakdjla lg
m;a jQy' f.d~ke.s,af,a w;a;sjdru le ish,a, l=vq hkakd fuks' uu
o wkd.;h ms<sn| hm;a jqfk' b;du;a w.kd .=rejrfhl=f.a u`.
292
wjidk ld,h
fmkau fkdue;sj wms w;r ux jqfkuq' j;aj bkak ld,fha tjeks .=rejrfhla hgf;a mqyK
q q Yla;h
s la f.dv k.d fkd.;af;d;a Wkajykafiaf.
a wNdjfhka miq wm j;a jQj;a u<jqka jeksh'
uu o f ;;a;ajhg uqyqK ug iQodk ke;s nj f;areKs' uyd
iq<s iq<`.la uf.a yoj; iqKq iqKq lrka yudhhs' tla w;lska ud
;ksh' wks;a w;ska ka ldf.a irK ,nd .kshs iel h we;' ud
ysia mqoa.,fhla fuka w,a,d .kag w;a;la ke;sj wjodk ;;a;ajhlg
m;a h' ;j hla we;' fu;r jkd Ou ms<sfj;a ud. wfydais
hhso @ hka; wekag mqjka jQ g mshd wNdjhg m;a we;' fudk
wjdikdjlao @ uu kdY ' flf<ia iy Ou w;r ysiqKq igkls'
wdpdh ukaf.ka fuf;la Wmfoia ,' f hqoaOh kd .kafka flfiao@
ka miq ud ldf.ka wio @ fujeks w;s hlre m%md;hlg g fmr ud
je ke;' j;a jkfka flfiao @
fufia uf.a is; is .sfhah' tu w;alSu ;=<k
s a uu udkisl Yla;h
s
l%ufhka ,nd .;s' yslauqfk' th o~qjula h' wka NsCIQka o fufia
wirK u lSug lajf
q k' ;udu Yla;u
s ;a w;d,ula idod ke.S iskag
wjYH;djh jegyqKs' wkqkaf.a wdNdIh ,ef Nhdkl ;;a;ajh wkqkag
jgyd ks' br nei hk ;=re fkdisg ;udg iqiq ksjykla idod.; hq;=h'
wka NsCIQka jykafia,do ud fuka ysia" wm%dKsl ;;a;ajhl is hs h
jqfk' tneka ks;r wk;=re we`. lrka hh jvk f,i wjjdo
lf<' ;u Yrfha Yla;sh yd ;u isf;a WfoHda.h ;=<ska wjYH foa is
l< hq;=h' u.a.M, ksndk wo wou ,nd .; hq;=h' fu;r Ou n,
Yla;shla bfha woCIj <sj bkafka wehs @
Od;= mj;kh
wdpdh ukaf.a Od;= ,nd .;a ish fokdu tajd iqrlaIs;j lr~qj,
;ekam;a lr km;d je ms l<y' tla tlaflkd ;u ;ukaf.a .
ksh .j,g .sh ksid yuqula ke;' wjqre 4lg miq isf*dka iafgdarej iy iDoaf*daka fydag,h whs;slre jQ Lqka jka fLdu kuqka keue;a;d
kfLdak rpPisud isg ifLdaka kfLdaka m%foaYhg mQcdjla lsug meKs-
293
fhah' wdpdh uka msksjka mE ia:dkhg jia;% mQcdjla lf<ah' tys iQ

kdhl ysfhda t;=udg wdpdh ukaf.a Yr Od;=jla ks' Tyq th /f.k
;u ksjdi lrd meK tys wjqre 4lg fmr ;ekam;a l< Od;+ka iu`.
;ekam;a lsug lr~qj jD; lf<ah' Tyq mquhg m;ah' tu weg len,s
b;du kso fmfkk m<s`.= jeks Od;= rdYshlg mj;kh ;snqKs' Tyq
iauhg m;a blaukg f.dia ioaf*daka fydag,fha ;ekam;a l< wksla
Od;+ka mlaId lf<ah' tu Od;+ka o tjeksu m<s`.= leg jeks Od;+ka we;'
bka b;d iaj,amhla l=vq f.dia ;snqKs' l,ahdf tajdo tu m<s`.= fuka
kso fmfkk l=vq njg m;ah' wka;sf f ishu Od;+ka jykafia,d
.Kka lr ne g 344la ;snqKs' f tla isoahls' fuu isoah ms<sn|
mqj; oi w; me;s .sfhah' fndfyda fokd Od;+ b,a,kag h' Lqka jk
NsCIqj ta ish fokdgu Od;= fnod ks' fojdrhla ug o Od;+ka ,enqKs'
uq,a j;df myla o miqj folla o ,enqKs' fuh ,nd .ekSug miq ud i;=j
b;d jkd Od;+ka we;s nj uu m%isoaO lf<' ud fl;r i;=gq jQ kuq;a
wka;sf h ia;S%yq wjq;a f ish Od;+ka b,a,d .;ay' tfy;a uu lauqiq
fkdjQfh' ka miq ta ms<sn| m%isoaO lsula ke;s neks'
uq,skau Od;= b,a,d isfha ldka;djkah' ta wh n,kakg hehs Od;+ka
w;g f.k ryiskau ;u miqhg oud i`.jd .;ay' th kej; b,a,kafka
flfiao @ wka;sf ug lsisu Od;+ka jykafia kula wh;a fkdh' Lqka jka
NsCIQj fndfyduhla wjidkh kej; ug b,a,kakg fkdyels h'
Lka jka NsCIqj ika;lj ;snQ NIudjfYaI Od;+ njg mj;kh
jQ miq fndfyda ;ekaj,ska tjeks isoaka jd;d h' wo olajd f Od;+ka
jykafia,dg f.!rjdorfhka fndfyda fokd mqo mQcd mj;aj;s' th ryis.;j
lrkafka h h wh f w;s W;= Od;+ka jykafia,d ueKsla fuka jgkd
neka b,a,k neks' wdpdh uka iu`. b;du;a lsgq Wkajykafiag wiS;
f.!rj olajk whg muKla fuu Od;+ka jykafia,d ,nd .ekSug yelsh'
ug is jQ fohska f nj jegyqKs'
fuu Od;+ka jykafia,d iD` m%d;sydHh mdk nj fndfyda fokd
lsh;s' tla wfhla i;=j Od;= fokula ;snqKs' Tyq je ms lr ;j tla
kula j;ajd' zz;s%O r;akh ixfla;j;a lsug ;=ka kula ug ,efjdZZ
wd jYfhka b,a,d ishy' Tyqg ;j Od;=jla ,enqK's kuq;a Od;= ;=ku tlg
noaO h' ;j flfkla Od;= folla we;sj ;j Od;+ka jykafia,d ,eug
wdhdpkd lf<ah' tg tu Od;= fol tlg noaO h' f nj ug kqka ka
294
wjidk ld,h
g f ish,a, wdpdh ukaf.a Ydl Od;+ka neka tys wiS; Yla;shla

we;s nj myod ks' ta is jQ foh wdYaphh fohla f' Wkajykafiaf.a
flia fujeks mqu wdldrhg Od;= njg mj;kh we;'
wo Wkajykafiaf.a Od;= fidhd .ekSug fkdyelsh' ulaksido h;a
tu Od;+ka jykafia,d whs;s wh fkdfhla mqo i;aldr mj;ajka th ;u
mrmrdjg wh;a fohla f,i wdrlaId lr;s' ;uka <`. we;af;a b;d
iaj,amhla neka lsisfjla th ug fkdleu;s f'
wdpdh uka iu`. wdY%h l< wh ;uka ,enQ mqu w;alS .ek
mji;s' ;udf.a ;ryj bjikag neg wdpdh uka u;la lsu ksid
;ryj myf' ;udf.a la fodkia fufia wdpdh uka u;la lsfuka
my lr .ks;s' .skafkka r;a jQ ;u is;g iS;, j;=r j;a lrkakdla fuks'
tg ,efnk iykh fl;r o h;a ta fj,dfu je| je jkaokd udk
lr;s' fujeks wkka; isoaka wmg jd;d fkdlr we;s nj lsh hq;=h'
NsCIQka jykafia,d ;u is;g wek flf<ia f wdldrfhka wdpdh uka
isysm;a lsu ksid neyer lr .ks;s'
Wkajykafiaf.a ; ld,fha iSudjla ke;s ;r mqoa.,hka ksjer
ud.fha hdug mqyqKq lr we;' bka wjqre 40 la muK NsCIQka mqyqKq
lsf ksr; h' bka b;du oCI NsCIq mrmqrla ysh' Wkajykafia,d
ka wdpdhjre fj;s' Wkajykafia .;a oDV wIaGdk Yla;sh yd hh
ksid fuu Ouh wka fndfyda whg b.ekaug yelsh'
is; ;=< l=i,;djhla k.d .ekSu b;d jeo.;a yd wiSre fohls'
th isf;a ksrka;rfhkau mj;ajd .ekSu Ialr f' ;u yojf;a wjxl
Ndjh u; fuh r|d mj;S' yoj; l=i,a wl=i,a folgu u`. fmkajhs'
is;d u;d ;SrK .ekSu ;u yojf;a ldhhls' ;ud isf;a we;s l=i,a
wl=i,a ta fudfydf;a ykd .ekSu ksid wl=i,a neyer lsug l=i,a
jOkh lsug;a yelsf' tjeks wh ;u ;h i;=ka ikaf;daIfhka
l=i,;djfhka .; lrhs' wms wdpdh ukaf.a ka;kfha we;s l=i,;dj"
oCI;djh" Wkajykafiaf.a kqu" {dKh wd YsIag .=K .ek oksuq'
tneka wp, Y%oaOdj we;' j;aj bkak wjfha tu wkqYdikd ;=<ska
ksrka;rfhkau Wkajykafiaf.a yelshdj k .;suq' ka Wkajykafiaf.
a mksjdKfhka miq tjeks wjjdo wkqYdikd fkd,efn;;a ta ,nd .;a
kq iNdrh kuialdr mQjl lD;{;djfhka isysm;a lruq'
ksia is; hqKq lsf oCI;djh wdpdh uka ;=< ;snqKs' ksia
295
f,dalfha we;s w;s W;a;u .=K Ou jOkh jk f,i Wkajykafia Wmfoia

ks' fufia Oufhka wdf,dalu;a jQ is; lsis lf,l jrfoys fkdnef|a' mru
m;%;djhg m;a jQ wry;a; ;a;h lsis lf<l jer lsug fkdyels
f' tneka ta ishu is;s,s jpk ls%hd ish,a,kagu iqj odhl f' h
f,dalhl fN!;sl hqKj
q fujeks wOHd;al hqKj
q iu`. iunrj we;af;a
k th id:l f,dalhla nj lsj hq;=h' tjeks f,dalhl ish,af,dau i;=ka
iy;Dma; fj;s' kuq;a fN!;sl hqKqj wOHd;al mydksh iu`. hk
g ksidf.a is; ksrka;rfhka .skafkka f' f,dalfha hqo flda,dy,"
wkqka fm,Su" ;ck" jck" la fodkia wyi Wig ke. hhs' tjeks
zzixjDohZZ wmdh f,dalfha olakg ,ef' tl fudfyd;la OIaG is;=
me;= j,ska rys; is;la foi ne g fmkS hkafka is; ;=< jykh
jka .kaO wiQ f.dvls' flf<ia je.suls' wdmh hkq l=ulahs Tng
k .ekSug wjYH k fN!;sl hqKqj iu`. we;s wOHd;al mydksh
foi n,kak' isf;a ls%hdld;ajh foi ne,Su" w;miq jQ g ksidf.
a yeisu" wYS,dpdr" rdpdr" wOu" jrfoys fmdf<dUjk" yssxidld
;;a;ajhls' fldkau lsh;fyd;a tys i;=g w;=reoyka hhs' fyd| hehs
w.h lsug lsisjla ke;' f nj jgyd .;a .=K kqjK we;s wh ish
fN!;sl jOkhg jvd wOHd;al jOkh w.h l<y' ta ish,a,g is;
m%Odk jk neks' is; hqKq jQ g hful=f.a yeisu ta wkqj msis f'
tjeks whf.a u`. fmkau wkqj uq f,dalh iduh i;=ka ms hhs' ta wh
;ukq;a wOHd;al hqKqj ,nd iudch o Ouhg wkqj idOdrK wkaoka
md,kh lr;a'
hfula fl;r f,!lsl jYfhka hqKq jqj;a br" i|" ;drld
.fIKh l<;a Tyqf.a wOHd;al jOkh ke;s k Tyq Yajdi lghq;=
fkdf' ta ishu ch.%yK jeo.;a fkdf' Tyq u fkdhqKq ukiska ksl=;a
lrk jpk iy l%shd I iys; neka iudch IKh lrhs' f zzoCIZZ
;eke;a;d ;sika i;=ka fuka tlsfkld jekiSug fhduqf' ta oCIl
;udf.a wjYH;djhka msuid .ekSug udk n,hs' .=K kqjK hqKq
mqoa.,hdg maf,daud ke;;a ;u yeisuu Wiia p; iy;slhla f'
iy;sl wkqj wms is; Wujd .; hq;= fkdjkafka ta neks' we;af;kau
tu iy;sl ;u jxpksl jxl p;hg wdjrKhla h yelsh' ;ud fl;r
ie`. ish;a wkqka fj; muqKqjk jo ysxid ie`.h fkdyelsh' Tyqf.
a ls%hdldrl ieugu t<sor f'
fujeks wjdikdjka; ;;a;ajhla Wodjkafka wdOHd;al .=K ySk
jQ gh' f f,dalhg i;=g iekiqu ,nd fokafka b;d Is; is;a j,ska
296
wjidk ld,h
ie<iq l< fN!;sl hqKqj ksid hehs wms ms<s.kafka flfiao @ Tjqkaf.
a wruqKq flf<ia j,ska msreKq wd;aud:ld woyia f' fujeks whf.
a ksmo ;=<ska iduh" wNsjDoah <`.df hehs lshkafka tjeksu Is;
p; we;s mqoa.,hka nj lsj hq;=h' wdOHd;al hqKqj yd fN!;sl hqKqj
w;r mr;rh Yd,h' ? oj,a fuka reoaOh' fujeks fya;+ka ksid wm
nqrcdkka jykafia iud n,h ;=<k
s a iDoa m%d;sydHh mEu ;yk l<y'
tu NsCIQkag jeia j lK" jH [dK wd n, Yla;s ;=<ska wyfia .uka
lsu fmdf<df ls|d neiSu" c,h u; weu wd fkdfhla m%d;sydh
mEug Yla;sh ;snqKs' fujeks foa nqrcdKka jykafia w.h lr ke;' w.h
lr we;af;a m%{dj jOkh lsug iS," iud Wmfhda.S lr .ekSuh'
fufia is,aj;a m%{dj we;s whf.ka f,dalhdg uy;a fiajhla" wdYsjdohla
ie,fia' ,o muKska i;=gq u yer wkjYH Yla;Ska jOkh lsula nq
oyf ke;' tu Yla;Ska jer f,i fhdod .; yels neks' isf;a i;=g"
;Dma;sh wef;d;a f,v frda." jHjik" uyu" urKh wdhg uqyqK
mEug myiqf'
wdpdh uka iy wdpdh if.a NIaudjfYaI Od;= njg mj;kh
u .ek fndfyda wh m%Yak lr we;' wdpdh uka.a weg Od;=u .ek wid
wjfYaI whf.a weg tfia Od;= fkdjkafka wehs hs fndfyda wh weiQy' ta
ishu weg lgq tlu mG Od;= fj;s' ry;=ka jykafia,df.a muKla Od;=
njg yefrkafka flfiao @ fuys we;s fjki l=ulao @
b;d flfhka uf.a woyi fufiah' isf;a fjkihs' is; hkq ieug
idOdrK jQ kuq;a tys n,h iy .=Kh tlsfkldf.a fjkia f' ry;ka
jykafiaf.a is; wdh is;ls' tk b;du msis f' idudkH ksidf.
a is; flf<ia j,ska IKh we;' f isf;a n,h Yrh md,kh lrhs'
wry;a; ;a;fha msis Ndjh ksid Yrfha ls%hdld;ajh msis f' f
fya;=j ksid tu weg mj;kh ug yelsf' idudkH ksidf.a is; ksid
we;sjk Ydl ls%hdld;ajh wmsis f' tu fYaI jQ weg lgqj,
fuu fjki oHdudk f' wdh ;a;h ksid we;s jQ Od;= msis neka
fufia mj;kh f'
ishu ry;ka jykafia,df.a NIaudjfYaI fufia fjkia fhs uu
fkdoks' iuyr ry;=ka jykafia,d wy;ajfhka miq je l,a j;a fkdf' iuyre fndfyda l,a j;a f' tjeks Ydl Od;= fufia mj;kh
f hehs is;sh yelsh' tu isf;a msis;djhla we;' ry;ka jykafiaf.a
is; b;d ishq iudhlska hqla; f' ta l=i, iudh ksid Yrfha frda.
297
c wvq h yelsh' Yrh msis;djhla we;' f ksid weg Od;= njg

mj;kh jk nj ks.ukh l< yelsh'
iuyr ry;kajykafia,d zzokaOdNs[[ZZ jYfhka ykajkq ,ef'
Wkajykafia fndfyda ld,hla ;=< fika fika flf<ia re lr;s' wkd.
d jYfhka fndfyda ld,hla j;a f' wry;a u.a. iy wry;aM, w;r
fndfyda ld,hla bhg yd miqmig hka pdr;s' f wdldrfhka is;
muKla fkdj isrero msis f' mksjdKfhka miq fujeks ry;=kaf.a
NIaudjfYaI Od;= njg m;afhehs wkqudk flf' zzmmNs[[ZZ ry;ka
jykafia blauKska ry;aNdjh ,n;s' ta iu`. msksjka mdkd l,ays fndfyda
ld,hla is; yd lh msis ug ke;' idudkH flfkl=f.a NIaudjfYaI
fufia Od;= njg mj;khla .ek wid ke;'
wdpdh ukaf.a NIaudjfYaI fufia Od;= njg mj;kh jQjd
muKla fkdj fkdfhla wdYaph foa isjqKs' iuyre Od;=ka jykafia,d
fokulg je ms lrK g ;j;a kula tys jehy' tg ;=ka kuls'
tfiau wfkla whf.a Od;+ka jykafia,d fokuf.ka tla kula w;=reoyka
h' tla rcfha ks,Odfhla wdpdh ukag fndfyda mqo i;aldr lrka isg
wdodyk W;aijg b;d Wkkafjka jev lf<ah' miqj tys NsCIqjla t;=udg
wdpdh ukaf.a Od;+ka jykafia,d fokula ks' Tyq th ;nd .ekSug
iqiq lr~qjla ke;s neka l=vd ysia l=mamshl oud uQh ;olr ;u I
idlal=f ;ekam;a lr th iqrlaIs;j fnd;a; oud .ug .sfhah'
iji ;u mjqf,a Wohg fmkaug ish fokd le|jd b;du;a
i;=ka ;ud <`. < l< fkdyels w.kd jia;=jla we;ehs fnda;,a l=mamsh
jD; lr ne g Tyq mquhg m;ajqks' tys Od;= 3la muKs' Tyqf.a
i;=g ks ys ke;' fuh wdYaphls' wdpdh uka ry;ka jykafia kuls
lshka je| jegqKs' mjqf,a Woh tu Od;= fokula ,enqKq nj;a ka
th ;=kla nj;a .ek iel my< l<y' Tyq tu ielh m%;sfCIam lrka
;udg ,enqfKa Od;+ka jykafia,d zzfokulaZZ lshka Ndjkdjla fuka
oji mqrd lshka is nj mejiqfh' fyg Wfoa uq mjq, iu`. mkai,g
f.dia f ms<sn| wikakg ieriqKs' mjqf,a Woh fyg fjk ;=re fkdisg
wou hkag ;SrKh l<y' tys f.dia tu NsCIqjf.ka weiSh' zzTn jykafia
wo Wfoa ug Od;+ka jykafia,d lS kula kafkyso @ZZ zzuu Tng fokula
ks" wehs wikafka @ tlla w;=reoka ,do @ zzke; w;=reoyka ke;'
;j;a tlla jefhka ;sf'ZZ ka ug Od;+ka jykafia,d 3 kula we;'
wm fuys wdf wfma mjqf,a Wohf.a iel relsug' zzka Tn ud lS foa
298
wjidk ld,h
YajdihsZZ weiqfh'
Tyqf.a | iskd iS zzuu ys;=jd Tng jer we; lshdZZ ke;ak
ys l<d lshd' ka ug lsis ielhla ke;'ZZ
tg tu NsCIqka jykafia zzuu wo Wfoa Tnf.a iehdg Od;+ka
jykafia,d fokula kakd' Tyq wmg fndfyda Wo Wmldr lrkjd' ug f
Od;+ka ,enqfKa kfLdka rpPisudys Lqka jka f.ka' tu Od;+ka jykafia,d
ka ,nd .ekSug Ialrhs' wdpdh ukaf.a NIaudjfYaI muKhs uu l
we;af;a f wdldrfhka' Od;= njg mj;kh ula wfma merKs fmd;
mf;a fujeks iso
a ka .ek i|yka kuq;a lsif
s jla th l ke;' fuu Od;+ka
jykafia,d b;d iqrlaIs;j ;nd je ms lrkak' fjd w;=reoyka
jqjfyd;a Tng uy;a llg m;aug isf' uu fkdlSjd lshkag tmd'
wdpdh ukaf.a Od;= fkdfhla m%d;sydHh mdkjd' Tng fkdis;+ iem im;a
<`.d f' fydka Wfoa yjd mqo mQcd mj;ajkak' zzwdpdh uka ms<sn|
ug f,dalhdg lshkag neye' ta wh Yajdi fklrk ksid ug msiaiq hehs
is;hs' f,dalfha ksiaiq h h whf.a w.=K j,l Yajdi lrkjd'
299
hH
odhdoh
kuq;a .=Kh ms<sn| Yajdi lrkafka keye' fyd| wh fidhkag wudrehs'
krl wh f,aishs' ;uka .ek l,amkd lr n,kak' wkqkaf.a fodia olsk
kuq;a wkqkaf.a .=Kh i<lkafka keye fkdfo @ZZ f foaYkd wid ish
fokdu w;sYh i;=ka ksfji lrd .shy'
fuu fujeks isoaka fmd;g wvx.= lf<a mdGl Tnf.a wjOdkh
msKsih' oHdkql+,j fujeks foa Tmamq lsug fkdyelsh' flf<ia iys;
mqoa.,hkag fuhg Yajdi l< fkdyelsh' flf<ia iys; mqoa.,hka
fldahlj;a NIaudjfYaI fufia Od;= njg mj;kh fkdf' ka
meye,s jkafka ry;ka jykafiaf.a msis is;s,s yd tu Yla;sh weg
j,g;a ld je we;s njh' uq f,dalhu wdpdh ukaf.a W;= .=Khg
Wmldr laug iqiq f'
wksl=;a m%d;sydHh
idudkH ksid ;udf.a zuu;ajhZZ ksid wka flfkl=f.a Wiia Ndjh
ms<s.ekSug fkdleu;s fj;s' tfy;a th ms<s.ekSu is jkafka ;udf.a fudayh ksid ;ud wj{djg m;ajk neks' wdpdh ukaf.a f.da, mrmrdj
NsCIq" NsCIqKs" idufKar wd ish,af,dau Wkajykafiaf.a .=K iuqodh tl
is;ska ms<s.;ay' Wkajykafiaf.a b.eka lsisfjla m%;sfCIam fkdl<y'
; mQcdfjka tu m%;sm;a;s .=refldg /l .;ay'
Wkajykafia foaYkd l< i;Hh yd mY=oaO;djh b;d oHdkql+,h'
.Ks;fha tk .eg ksrdlrKh jeksh' 1 + 1 } 2 hkak fkdfjkia f' f
wd .Ks; .eg b;du;a i;Hh f' th ld,fhka ld,hg fyda rka rgg
fjkia fkdf' l=vd orefjla fyda .Ks;{fhl=g fyda tlu .egjlg
tlu iu ,ef' th tlsfkldf.a is;= me;= u;s u;dka;rfhka fjkia
l< fkdyelsh' tfukau nqrcdKka jykafia iy tu Y%djl ix>hdf.a jpk
ksjer f' ld,h - rg - ,dN - f,daN wkqj fjkia fkdf' tfy;a miq
ld,Sk woyia nqoaO NdIs;h fuka jrojd we;s ;eka .ek iqmCIdld h
hq;f
= ' wdpdh uka ;uka ;=<k
s u
a i;Hh wjfndaO l<y' th Wkajykafiaf.
a w;alS ;=<ska ksrjq,aj foaYkd l<y' ndysr f,dalhdf.a m%Yxidj fyda
wm%iYdj Wkajykafiag m%Yakhla fkdh' iS," iud" m[a[d" uq;a;s"
ksndk Wkajykafiaf.a m%;HCI Ouhkah' th ksNhj" jD;j m%ldY
lr;s' wid isk whf.a leue;a; fkdleu;a; fyda Yajdi fyda wYajdi
lsu m%Yakhla fkdf' Wkajykafia fkdi`.jd foaj" n%yau" fma%; wd
wukIHhka .ek ia;r l<y' wid isk wh ;u wudkqIsl m%{dfjka
th ;yjqre lr .ks;s' tjeks wh Ou ud.fha fkdmels, .uka .;ay'
;u m%Yak .eg ;ud iskau i|d .;ay'
Wkajykafia ;r ;SCIK m[a[djla ke;;a iuyre h ;rka
f wukqIHhka .ek wjfndaO l<y' Wod( tla rd;sh
% l wdpdh uka yuqug
foaj msi meKshy' ueh rd;s%h miq neka Wkajykafiag fjfyi
h' tneka ie;mSug wjYH h' tgu ;j;a fo msila meKqks'
Wkajykafiag b;d fjfyi neka flhla wjYH nj jod<y' tkuq;a
tys jev is f.da, kulf.a Ou foaYkdjg ijka fok fuka kq ks'
tu NsCIqj tfia Ou foaYkd lr miqj idlPd l< miq fo le< iuqf.
k .shy'
miqod WoEik tu NsCIqj ;u wdpdh uka iu`. tu m%jD;a;sh
ie<l,y' zzTn jykafia neye lSug meKs nj;a Tn jykafiag
fjfyi neka fl wjYH jQ ksid ud yuqjg fhduq l< nj;a ta fo
le< mejiSh' f ienEjla hs fkdoks' Tjqka lSf i;Hhlao @ f .ek
iel we;s ksid uu wiZZhs lSh'
zzwe;af;kau foaj msia .Kkdjlg Ou idlPd lr uu b;du
fjfyi jqfk' tneka we;af;kau ta msi Tn jykafiag uu fhduq
lf<' fyd|g ys;d .kak' fojre ljodj;a NsCIQkag fndre fkdlsh;a'
ukqIHhka fuka lm" fndre /j,s ke;' fofhda m%;{
s djla kafkd;a th
wksjdfhkau bIag lr;s' kshu lr.;a f,djg fkdjrojd mefK;s' uu
N+udgq iy wdldiG fojre iu`. fndfyda weiqre lr we;' taldka;fhkau
306
odhdoh
;u jpkh wkqj yeisfr;s' ;u jpkh fndre lrK wh .ek l=ms; fj;s'

Tyq yer ou;s
iuyr g ud jqjo fpkh lr;s' uu ys;du;d fkdl< kuq;a
iq m%udo fodaI .ek pdr;s' iuyrg fo le< tk f,df uu ;o
iudhg m;a we;' tg fole< meK n,d is;s' iudfhka nei
ta wh iu`. l:d lrk g fumuK f,d n,d is nj lshd fodia k.;s'
kshu f,djg iudfhka msug fkdyels jQ nj uu ksoyig lreKq
fuka lajQfh'
iuyr g uu fole<g fodia lsh' zzuu tlu ;ks mqoa.,fhls'
Tn iShla" odyla" oi odyla ud yuqug mefK;s' uu flfia kshu
f,djg f msia yuqfjo @ iuyrg uu wikSmfhka miqfj' Tn ud
.ek wkqlmd lrkak' iuyrg uu fl iqjfhka iud fj' tg
ld,h blaujd .sh ksid ug fodia k.;s' f jeks foa isu ug wmyiqjls'
tneka uu Tn yuqfkdfj' uu ;ksj iska uf.a ld,h yd Yla;sh
vx.= fkdlr' Tn ta .ek l=ula lshkafkao @ fojre tfjf,au ;u
jro ms<sf.k iudj wh;s'
ks;r ks;r mefKk fo le, uf.a phd rgdj oks;s' tneka
h m%udohla bji;s' iajdNdlj fohka i;Hh .re lr;a' ishu
wdlHG" N+ug fojre i;hh .re lr;s' ta wh iu`. l:d lsug uu
iudfhka ke.S ish hq;= neka tys mdmh .ek h fj;sZZ' uu o ka
fmdfrdkaj bgq lsug ;h jqjo mrjg ;n' tfy;a ud iudfhka
isk g th Ouhg lrK fufyjrla ksid fohkag l< fmdfrdkajg
jvd jkd fohls' fohka n%yauhka yg ug fuka >k Yr ke;' b;d
ishq kso fmfkk Yr we;' tfy;a uf.a isf;a we;s i;Hh;djh
;r i;H;djhla fohka fyda nUqkag ke;' tfy;a iuyr uq.aOhka
fuka uu uf.a jKkdj fkdlr' fuh lshkafka Ouh hkq fl;r
jkd fohlahs myod ugh' tneka f foa .ek uiq uekj'ZZ fufia
ldrKdj meye,s l< g fojre ;ud w;sk mdmhla is jqKshs uy;a
lmdjg m;afj;a' ish fokdu tlg iudj wh;s' zzuu uq Yajfha
lsish flfkla yg ;ry ffjr fkdlr' ks;r lreKd ffu;s% is;ska
is' tys lsis fgl oafYhla ke;' uf.a ish ldHhka bgq fjkafka
msis f;kdfjks' fohkag l=i, f;kd we;' YajdikSh fj;s' fuu
.;s t;r YsIag fkdf' nqoaOd ry;ka jykafia,df.a is;a iEu w;skau
307
b;d msi is;=,s f' Yajfha isk whg t;r msis;djhla .ek
ye`.Sula ke;' fohkag we;af;a iuq;s i;Hfhka we;s msis Ndjhls'
nqka ry;=ka th blaujd f.dia mrud: i;Hfha msis Ndjhla we;'
tjeks wjfndaOhla ke;s whg tys msis;djh fkdjegfya' ug tjeks
msis;djhla we; hkak uf.a ymkalula fkdf' th iajNdj Ouhls'
kuq;a fohkag nUqkag we;s isf;a l=i,;dj nqoaOd ry;=ka jykafia,df.a
mdY=o
a hg iudk l< fkdyelsh' th idudkH Yaj iuq;h
s ls' f lreK
Tn ;rfha jgyd .kq uek'ZZ
fujeks foa fohkag mukla wdpdh uka foaYkd lr;s' ksiqkag
th jgyd.; fkdyelsh' kuq;a fojre Ou;djh .ek weiSug uy;a
Wkkajla olaj;s' ;uka Wkajykafia ms<sn| rE wdl,am jer nj;a
fudayfhka ;ud tfia is;+ nj;a ms<s.ks;s' ka u;= ;u yeisu .ek jvd;a
mlaIdld fj;s' fufia fojre iaj,amhla fyda WrK fkd b;du;a iqyo
,S,dfjka yeisfr;s' th fohkaf.a Wiia foaj mirfha .;s ,laIK f
hehs wdpdh uka mejiSh'
f fmd WodyrKfhka wudkqIsl ;;a;ajhka .ek Tng hlsis
wjfndaOhla ,efhehs uu is;' fuu ; .=ma; ryia we;af;a ksidf.a weia" lka kdid bJshkag f.dapr fkdjk fyhsks' tfy;a w;SJSh
iud is;g tys lsis .egjla ke;' f i;H;djh OudNsiuh ms<sn|j
o tlu nj lsh yelsh' iud inqrcdKka jykafia wjfnddaO l< fuu
i;Hh Wkajykafiag muKla Ih h' tfy;a uu f ,shk lreKq .ek
tneka iudj wh' ud fuh ,shkakg fya;=j Wkajykafia <`.ska weiqre
lf<a iqr;,a if;la ;u iajdhd yer fkdhkakdla fuks' wjxl Nla;shla
;snQ neks' f ,shjqk lreKq Tnf.a ridiajdoh msKsi muKs' fuys we;s
wdYaph woaN+; i;H;djh jpkfhka lshd mE fkdyelsh'
j;udk hq.fha ;dhs,ka;fha fujeks wdOHd;al yd ndysr w;SJSh
foa .ek Wkkajla laug m%Odk fya;=j jQfha wdpdh uka nj lsj hq;=h'
tjeks [dK ms<sn| w;alSu we;s wh r,h' Wkajykafiaf.a m%;smodj"
;SCIK m%{dj yd ;shqKq wjfndaOh ,nd.ekSu msKsi .;a jEhuls' wms
iefjduf.a m%;sm;a;sh wkaON+; fudayfhka l< ksid tjeks w;alSu
fkd,eK' tu jkd w;alS wmg ia;r lrk g ud ;=< ;snqfKa fudayhls' tneka tys ;;a;ajh woyd.; fkdyelsh' Wkajykafiaf.a YsIH
msi w;r fujeks [dK je .sh wh ishy' ta wh lsis fgl wdpdh
ukaf.a w;alS wi;Hh hehs reoaO fkdjQy' ta ish,a, wkqu; l<y'
308
odhdoh
;u w;alS ;=<ska tys i;Hh jgyd .;ay' fuhu wfma iel re lsug
m%udKj;a f' wmg fkdjegyqK;a" fkdfmkqK;a fujeks woaN+; isoaka
.ek lsisu ielhla ke;' wfma bJshkaf.ka ie`. we;' f wkqj iud
inqrcdKka jykafia fujeks w;sYh pu;aldr oYkhla m%:u jrg
;u [dKfhkau wjfndaO lr .;ay' tys i;H;djh hlsis m%udKhlska
ta wy;a Y%djl msi ykd .;ay' ta .ek idCIs or;a'
j;udk hq.fha jqjo wdpdh ukaf.a woaN+; w;alS iuyr
NsCIQka jykafia,dg woaN+; fkdh' ta Wkajykafia,dg hlsis wudkqIsl
Yla;shla ;snqKq neks' fujeks woaN+; fohla .ek wdpdh uka mejiQ g
th wm jeks iajdk u;Od lsPd we;s whg ms<s.ekSug fkdyels h'
Wkajykafia nka fkdx *s wdrdufha jev isk ld,fha f isoah h'
h ;,;=kd iq we| fmdrjd .;a ldka;djla tu .f iqjdh' wE ;=<
wdpdh uka .ek mqu meyeula ;snqKs' wef.a Ndjkd w;alS ms<sn|
wdpdh uka yg mejiqjdh' tla rd;s%hl wE Ndjkdfjka isk g wef.a
is; tald.%;djfhka iud.; h' f wdldrfhka fndfyda f,d ksYap,j
n,d isk g b;d ishq flkaola jeks kQ,la wef.a isf;ka ksl=;a th
Yrh kso msg;g .,d .sfhah' wE ta foi n,df.k isk g fuu
is;a Odrdj t;=hf.a f,a,shf.a l=fia ms<sis| .ekSug hk nj ye`.=Ks'
wE ;ju;a j;a f' wE blaukg iudfhka ishdh' fuh t;=hg
Yd, jOhla h' ulaksido tu f,a,shf.a l=fia tla udihl ore .enla
;snQ neks'
f m%jD;a;sh miqod wdrduhg wjq;a wdpdh uka iu`. mejiqjdh'
ksy~j fndfyda NsCIQko
a wid ishy' wms iefjdu mqu jqfkuq' ud ia;j
n,d isfha wdpdh uka l=ula lshdhs k .ekSugh' Wkajykafia weia
mshdf.k kd folla muK isg fufia lSy'
zz<`. khl fufia is; iud.; jk g hkafka fldfyahs n,d
iskak' tg th iudfhkau lvd oukak' tfia l< yelsk th kej;
is fkdf' th Yd, Yla;shlska l< hq;=hs' ke;ak lefvkafka ke;'
ke;ak uu wk;=re we`.ula lr' tk Tn ue f,a,shf.a l=fia Wm;
,nhs' tneka uy;a hlska th lvd h hq;=hs'ZZ
fuu Wmfoi ,nd wE ksjig .shdh' ojia follg miq uqyqfKa
WfoHda.hla we;sj wE wdrduhg meKshdh' wE foi ne .i wE iu:
jQ nj fmKqks' wdpdh uka m%Yak l<y'
309
zzl=ula jqkdo @ Tn uef.dia fhfy,shf.a l=fia Wmam;a;sh ke;s

lr.;af;ao @ZZ
zztfiah iajdks" uu m<uqjk rd;s%fhau tu nkaOkh lvd uqfj'
uu iud.; jQ .i tu oYkh kej;;a ta wdldrfhkau gqfj' Tn
jykafia lS m m%;sNd {dkfhka uu th lvd uqfj' miqod rd;s%fhao
uu tfia olS hs nefj' th fkdfmKqks' wo ug kej; ne,Sug ;r
bjid isug fkdyels neka fuh kq ug meKsfh' fuh fyd|
WodyrKhla' is; fl;r ish
q o @ Ndjkd Yla;h
s la we;s wfhl=g muKla
fuh lsh yelsh' fjk lsis hla ke;' Tn Tnf.a flf<ia j,g ji`.
ughs wjia:dj ;snqfKa' Tn ue fhfy<shf.a l=fia bmu fkdkqj;au
Tng isf' Ndjkdf fuh f;are f.k j<lajd .;a;d'
fuu isoafhka k lSmhlg miq .ef.k is fhfy<sh .id
.sfhah' tu inkaOh t;kska kej;=ks'
wdrdujdiS NsCIQka f ms<sn| l=;=y,hla we;s lr .;ay' tlla k
hfula j;aj ish B<`. wd;auhla ie<iq lsuh' wksl .id uh'
tu jhil ia;s%h f ms<sn| .f lsisfjl=g fkdlSjdh' tfy;a NsCIQka
jykafia,d wid is neka k .;ay' tneka wdpdh ukaf.ka m%Yak
l<y'
hfula j;aj ish B<`. Wm; ie<iq l< yelso @ wdpdh
uka fufia ms<s;=re ks zzwE B<`. Njh msKsi ie<iq l<d muKhs' th
ls%hd;aul jQfha ke;' hula wdrN lsug fmr ie<iqu lsu fndfyda g
isf' tneka f isoafha ;ud j;aj ish B<`. Njhla bmkd hehs
lSu jrols' tfy;a wE ta ix{djkaf.ka ykdf.k th lvd fkduqjd
k wE ue f.dia tys Wm'
fofjks m%Yakh zztu ia;s%hf.a pq;s is;a mrmrdj lvd u ksid
ksia Wm;la kid uqjdo @ZZ
fudlla o keiqf @ wE ;ukaf.a ;a; mrmrdj lvd uqjd wE
j;aj bkak flfkl=f.a ysi .id uqf keye' wef.a is; wE ;=<u
;snqKd' ta isf;a w;a;la muKla .shd tu fhfy<sh lrd' tu w;a; levq
.i th kej;=Kd'
fuys we;s jkd foh k wdpdh uka tu ia;s%hf.a m%jD;a;sh
ksYam%Nd fkdlsuhs' t;=hf.a Ndjkd w;alSu iel lf<a ke;' th
310
odhdoh
wef.a lD;s ukilska fyda wE gq foa tfia w: ksrEmKh lsu jer

njla fkdlshd thg ms<shula fhy' th i;Hhla f,i Wkajykafia ms<sf.
k we;'
fuu m%jD;a;sh h .=ma; fohla jqjo iel lsug fya;= ke;'
wE b;du;a wdorfhka tu fhfy<shg is nj fy<s l<y' ks;ru wE
ne,Sug f.dia wdorh l<dh' tfy;a fujeks woaN+; fohla fofokd w;r
we;ehs fkdis;=jdh' wdpdh uka fufia Wmldr fkdl<d k wE uef.
dia fhfy<shf.a l=fia bmug is f'
isf;a we;s ixlSK Ndjh idudkH flfkl=g wjfndaO l< fkdyelsh' f ksid ;udf.a is; md,kh lr ;udf.a iqN isoah idod.ekSu
Ialr f hehs wdpdh uka mejiQy' ta ia;s%hg iudh fkd;snqKd k f
isf;a lsh
% dld;ajh ykd.ekSug fkdyels f' iud is;lska muKla isf;a
ls%hdld;ajh ykd.; yelsh' ; .ufka we;sjk ixlSK ;Fjhka
i|d.ekSug i;s m[a[d b;du;a wjYH f' ;jo urK fudfydf;a
we;sjk la fokd blauug k i;s m[a[d hqKq lsu w;HdjYH
f'
urK fudfydf;a we;s pq;s is; b;du;a jeo.;a ikaia:dkhls'
pq;s is; merfkd;a wm ksrh ;sika wd la; mJhla .kS' tu ;
ld,h tu mirfha wfkalO lg mefKa' pq;s is; kqfjd;a tk
l=Y,;djhla wef;d;a i;s m[a[d wef;d;a muKla wvq ;rka ksi;a
njla ,nd.ekSug yels f' ke;fyd;a foajf,dalj, Wm; ,ef' ksi;a
nj ,enqj;a ;u l=Y,;dj, mqreoao we;' f wdldrfhka iir bmfoka
l%ufhka l=Y,;d hqKqug m;a f' urKh tg Nhdkl fohla fkdf'
tla iaj._hlska ;j;a ij._hlg hduls' fufia mkduhg m;ajQ is;a wms
mdr;d imQKhehs lshuq' tjeks wh ksjka ud._hg mefKa' nqka ry;ka
jykafia,d cd;s cd;s fufia mdr;d mqrd hqKq is;a we;sj wjidk Wm;
,oy' tu is; ksjk wruqKq lrhs' f ish,a, l%udkql+,j l=i,a is; hqKq
lsfuka ,nd.; hq;= f' tneka kqjKe;s ia;S% mqreIfhda ks;ru nK
Ndjkdf fhfoka l=i,a is; hqKq lr;s' tfia ;u j;_udk ;h yd
wkd.;h iuDoau;a lr.ks;s'
wdpdh ukaf.a ; l:dj ,sf uu fufia wksl=;a ud;Dld
hgf;a lreKq lau ms<sn| Tnf.ka iudj wh' fuu ; l:dj
kshu wdldrfhka ms<sfh, lsug uy;a W;aidyhla or' tfy;a uf.a
311
u;lfha j_,lu ksid uq,ska i|yka h hq;= foa miqj i|yka lr' miqj
i|yka l< hq;= foa uq,ska ,sh' ka fuu l:d mqjf;a wjidk foh
jQjo ;ju;a fkdfhla lreKq u;lfha we;s neka i|yka lr' ta ksid
fuys wjidkh fkdfmfka' Tn fuh lshjk g fuh Ydia;S%h ix.%yhla
fkdjk nj jegfya'
tla khla nka fkdx *s wdrdufha jev isk l, Wkajykafia whu
iudfhka ms ;u l=fhka t<shg wjq;a tys is NslaIQkag ;u l=h hg
we;s ,s f.df Yd, kd.hl=f.a .uka mdr ;sfhs n,kag lSy' fmr
k rd;s%fha Yd, kd.fhla meK Wkajykafiaf.ka Ou_h Y%jKh lf<ah'
Tyq kslau hdug m%:u ;ud meKs nj k .ekSug h i,l=Kla lrkakg
wjir b,ah' NslaIQka jykafia,d l=h hg n,d Yd, kd.fhl=f.a .uka
ud._h lsh yels nj lSy' th le,Ejg we f.dia we;' tfy;a th tys
meKqk ud._hla ke;' l=h hg msisj w;=.d ;snqKs' fjk hlsis
i,l=kla myiqfjka lsh yelsh kuq;a tys ;snqfka f i,l=K muKs'
fjk i,l=Kq fih hq;= ke;ehs Wkajykafia kq ks' Ou_ foaYkdfjka
miq tu kd.hd tu l=h ;=<ska hgg we .sh ud._h thhs'
fuu i,l=K m<uqj NslaIQka jykafia,d l Wkajykafiag kq u
ksid fuu m%jD;a;sh t<sor jQfha k th mquhla fkdf' wdpdh uka
tu m%jD;a;sh l,skau kq u fuys mquh h' Wkajykafia f kd.hd
gqf iud is;lsks' tfy;a tys i;H;djh wka NslaIQkag jgydug fkdyels neka fufia fYaI i<l=Kla ;nk f,i b,a,d we;'
miqj iqiq wjia:djla ,enqk g NslaIQkajykafia,d tu kd.hd meKsfha kd. fYfhka fyda fjkh fYhlskahs m%Yak l<y' kd.hka
tkafia fudk fYfhkahs lSug fkdyelsh'
ta wh Ouh weiSug mefKk g ukqIH fYhlska Wiia iudc
ugul weka ieriS mefK;s' kd. rdcfhla mefKkafka rfcl=f.a
,difhka rdclSh msi msjrdf.kh' uyd f;acdka; ,S,djlsk's tneka
uf.a jpk Bg iqiq m rfcla iu l:dlrk ,difhka l:d lr'
wjfYaI msi ks,Odka f,i ieriS iSrefjka is;s' ta whf.a yeisu b;du
wdpdrYS,S f.!rjdka;h' ksiqkag jvd b;d ,laIK yslaula we;' Ou_h
wid isk g tlu bhfjka .,ams<su fuka is;s' isf;a lfha isrhdula
ke;' m%Yk
a wik g kdhlhd muKla wks;a msi fjkqfjka wihs' hful=g
m%YaKhla wef;d;a th kdhlhdg l<ska kq fo;s' ishu m%Yakj,g
312
odhdoh
ms<s;=re ,enqk g ish fokdu tljr ke.sg msg h;s'

fuho wdpdh ukaf.a fYaI Yla;shls' tys kshu iajNdjh wmg
k .ekSug fkdyels jqj;a h woyila ,ef' tla kla tla NslaIqjla
wdpdh uka tla;rd is.r j._h mdkh lrk nj k tla .sysfhl=g
uqo,la tu is.r j._h f.k taug lSfh' .sys mskaj;d th ,
/f.k wd g tu NslaIqj th ms<s.ekah' tff,a Ou_ foaYkdjla lrK
neka lsisjla fkdlshd Ndr.;ay' tfy;a miqod tu NslaIqj meKs g tu
is.r wdmiq /f.k hdug ksfhda. kay' tu is.r Nd;d fkdlrkafka
iduQysl , uqo,a ksid hehs mejiSh' tu NslaIqj ta uqo, ;ud ika;l nj;a
tu .sys mskaj;d , .;a nj;a mejiSh' th Wkajykafiag ka mQcdjls'
kuq;a th fndfyda whg wh;ahehs m%;slafIam l<y'
ta .ek ;j rg uiSug Nhska tu is.r wdmiq /f.k .sfhah'
miqj ta .sys Nj;d le|jd tu isoah ia;r l<y' tg tu mqoa.,hd
NslaIQka jykafia,d lSm kula Tyqg uqo,a ka nj;a h h foa , .;a
nj;a" bka b;s jQ uqo,ska o is.r , .;a nj;a mejiSh' tu NslaIQka
jykafia,df.a k wid k ta ms<sn| uiSug Wka jykafia .sfhah' ta
ishu fokd b;d i;=ka tu uqo, is.r i|yd ho lsug leu;s nj
tlfy,du lshd ishy' bkamiq tu NslaIqj wdpdh uka yuqf tu is.r
kej; ;ekam;a lr ta uqo, wksl=;a NslaIQkaf.ka ,nd.;a nj fkdkSu
.ek iudj whk nj;a" wdpdh uka lS m tu .sys mskaj;d wksl=;a
NslaIQkaf.a b;s uqo,a .;a nj;a ta ishu NslaIQka ta ms<sn| i;=ka odhl
jk nj;a mejiSh' tg wdpdh uka lsisjla fkdlshd th Ndr.;ay' ta
ms<sn| lsis fohla bkamiq mejiqf ke;'
miqj NslaIQka jykafia,d w;r l:d ny we;sh' zzuu fl;r
W;aidy rej;a wdpdh ukaf.a ;SrKh jer hehs lSug wjidkfha uu
u jer nj ms<s.;s' Wkajykafia f uqo, fndfyda whf.ka tl;= jQ nj
k.;af;a flfiao@ Wkajykafiag is.r , .ekSu .ek lsisfjla lshd
ke;ZZ f w;r tla NslaIqjla ke.S isg isxy kdohla ks'
zzWkajykafia wms jeks wfhla k f ms<sn| lsisjla fkdokS'
Wkajykafia tfia fkdj wmg jvd w;sYsIaG m%{djla we;s flfkls'
ta ksid wms fuys / isuq' wfma kqu iy Wkajykafiaf.a kqu wyi
fmdf<dj fuka fjkia f' Wkajykafia iEu w;skau ksjerhs' ta ksid uf.a
;h fufia mqo lr' fuu mqyqKqj uu Nla;s m%Kdufhka ksy;udkSj
313
ms<sm' uf.a isf;a ;ju;a flf<ia we;' tfy;a Wkajykafiaf.a bfhys

ta flf<ia j_, hgm;a f' g fya;=j uu Nfhka iy f.!rjfhka
Wkajykafiag hgy;a uhs' f Yla;sh ksid flf<ia j,g ke.S ish
fkdyelsh' .=rejrhdg wNsfhda. fkdlrhs' ka wdpdhjre iu. isk
g flf,ia bnd.df;a ke.S isg wdpdhjrhdg wNsfhda. lrhss' tfia
fkdj" fuys Wkajykafiag imQKfhka hg;a fkdjQfjd;a Wkajykafiaf.a
Wmfoia fkd,ef' tg wm uy;a jHikhlg m;a f' f is.r isoah
.ek fjk l=ula lsho@ZZ
rd;s% ld,fha ;u is; ji jQ h wl=i, is;s,s mrmrdjla ksid
miqod WoEik wdpdh ukaf.a n,j;a m%;sls%hdjla we;su ksh;h' ta n,k
ne,au jqjo ;u is; foord Nh iel bm uq .; is; is hhs' tjeks
wjia:dj, Wkajykafia iuqL u fyda hlsis Wmia:dkhla lsug
<x u l< fkdyelsh' ula ksido Wkajykafia th m%;slafIam lrhs' f
wdldrfhka tu NslaIqjf.a ovnr .;shg myr fohs' tfy;a mquh k
tu NslaIqj w;sYh lkiai,a,g bka m;ajqjo miqj wdpdh uka iajNdl
hg l:d l,g ta ish lkiai,a, re hhs' tu jer ls%hdj kej;
lrhs' tu is;=,s ke;s lsug ;r Ndjkd n,hla ke;' jfrla .ia
mkskakdla fuka is;=,s is hhs' tu NslaIqj miqj wdpdh uka yuqug
.sh g ;ud ms<.
s ekSula ke;s nj jegfya' Wkajykafiaf.a uqyK
q k
s a ix{dj
meye,sh' kej;;a mdvu bf.k .; hq;=h' ke;fyd;a kej;;a tjeks
is;
s ,s ud,df ksu.ak tys jrola ke;ehs is;hs' tneka Wkajykafiaf.
a frdaOh u; ;ud i;s imcla[fhka miqjk g Tyqf.a is; i;=ka
iekis,af,ka mj;S' bkamiq wdpdh uka yuqug Nh iel re f'
uf.a is; o f wdldrfhka fndfyda g ls%hd lf<ah' is; md,kh
lr .ekSug fkdyels neka wdpdh uka f.ka wE;a isug fkdyelsh'
Wkajykafia < isu ksid ks;ru Nh iel we;sj is; /l.kS' bka
isjkafka is; h:dud._hg m;auh' is; jer ud._fha .sh .i bka uqojd
.ekSug uy;a hH_hla orkafka tys M,mdl okakd neks'
wdpdh uka uf.a is;a okakd nj uu ksielfhkau oks' wka whf.a
is;=,s okakd nj ug m%Yakhla fkdf' ug wod, jkafka Wkajykafia uf.a
is;s,s olska ug fyd| mdv b.ekau ksid uf.a ovnrl ke;slr
.ekSug ug lrk Wmldrh f' tla wjia:djl uu Wkajykafia iu jdih
lrk ld,fha uf.a is; m; h' zzwdpdh ukayg wkqkaf.a is;a lSug
yelshehs lsh;s' fuh ienEjlao@ fuh i;Hhla k f fudfydf;a uf.a
314
odhdoh
is;=,s Wkajykafia oks;ao@ th okafka k uu ms<s.ks' ug ka mj;sk

is; okS k uu Wkajykafiag kuialdr lr' th muKla ug we;'
tk iji uqK .eiqK Wkajykafia uf.a foi weis msh fkd.id n,d
is;s' Wkajykafia ud foi ye ka ka nek j;s' tfy;a Wkajykafia
iajNdl hg wksl;
= a NslI
a k
Q j
a ykafia,dg foaYkh mj;aj;s' Wkajykafia
.ek iel my< lrka Wkajykafia mlaId lsu .ek is;ka uu CIsm;
a
jqfk' jeld,hla hkag m%:u Wkajykafiaf.a lgy~ lihlska myr
.ikakdla fuka ud wjg jeKs' uu hka; f is kuq;a wjidkfha
li myr je uf.a is; foord .sfhah' uf.a uqyqK r;= Yrh fj,kag
h' fj,Su keje;ah fkdyel' Wkajykafiaf.a lgy~ f.j;a f' uq
foaYkh ugu t,a, h' wjidkfha uf.a ovnr is; fu,a, h' zzud
tfia is;=f Tnjykafiag ienkau wkqkaf.a is;a k.ekSug yelshs
uiSugh' Tnjykafiag wjuka lsug fkdf' Tnjykafia fYa%IaG .=rejrfhla nj uu ka oks' uf.a ;dka;h olajd Tnjykafiaf.a YsIHfhla fj' ug wkqlmd fldg W.kajk fialajd f isoah ksid ud .ek
l<slug m;a fkdfjdZZ
fufia uf.a uq yoj;skau uu wjk; ' tg Wkajykafiaf.a
lgy~ uD h' wjidkfha tla;rd kHdu Ou_hla foaYkd l<y'
zzy jer folu we;af;a Tn ;=<h' wehs ta foi Tn fkdn,kafka'
wkqkaf.a y jer n,kafka l=ulgo@ tfia n,d Tng fyd| hym;a olaI
flfkla h yelso@ fjk flfkla olaI fyd| flfkla nj k.;a kuq;a
Tn fyd| olaIfhla fkdf k w;s jevh l=ulao@ wks;a wh .ek uiSug
Tn b;du .=Kj;a olaIfhla h hq;=hs' tg ksrdhdifhkau wkqka .ek
k.; yels' wkqka .ek mlaIK lsug Wjukd ke;' .=Kj;a olaI
Woh tfia mlaIK fkdlr;s' Ou_h ;=<ska ;udf.a l=Y,;djh hqKqjQ
g mlaIK fkdue;sj wkqkaf.a is;a bfu oks;s'
foaYkdjidkfha uu la,dka; iajNdjhlg m;ajqfk' odh .,d
isjqre f;; n; we;' tod wjk; jQ isoah uq ;hgu n,md we;'
kej; lsiskl Wkajykafia fpkh fkdlf<' tod ka mNjh fuka
uf.a m%;sm;a;sj,g;a Wkajykafia mNj l<d k uu g m%:u iir
l blauj' tfy;a bkamiq lsisfgl ug tjeks o~qjula fkd,enqks th
wNd.Hhls
miqj NslaIQkajykafia,d f ms<sn| l:d ny l<y' fuh uf.au
315
w;alSula ksid is.r l:dj iu fuh we;=,;a lf<' ka woyia lf<a

i;Hh uq Yajfha yeu;eku mj;sk njhs' i;Hh wld,slhs' wjYHjkafka
Y%oaOd nqoafhka hq;=j m%;sm;a;s /lSuhs' tg we;af;kau f i;Hh lrd
mefKa' ishu i;H Ou_hka f wdldrfhka k.; yels f' tla tla
mqo.
a ,hdf.a .=K j.dj fjkia jk nj wu;l fkdlrkak' iir meje;af
l< mqre yd .;a wIaGdk we;' tfy;a u..M, iy ksnndkfhys fjkila
ke;' f M, ish fokddgu tldldj wjfndaO f'
wdpdh fpd f.a ksNS; ls%hd

wdpdh uka wdY%hg ,enqk wms Wkajykafiaf.a m%;smod lsis lf,l
wu;l fkdlruq' Wkajykafiaf.a fcHIaG YsIHhka lSm fofkla ;ju;a
j;=ka w;r we;' f iEu wdpdhjrfhlau ;u wdfksl .;s mej;=
wkqj ;rula fjkia fj;s' Wkajykafia,d ,enQ w;alS iy m%{dj fjkia
f' g m%:u uu bka iuyr wdpdhjrekaf.a k i|yka lf<' ;j
fndfyda wdpdhjrekaf.a k . fkdoks' tfy;a wdpdh ukaf.a jk
m%jD;a;sh wjidkfha tla YsIHfhl=f.a jk m%jD;a;shla we;=<;a lsug
is;f
= j' ta wh m%;m
s ;a;s wkq.ukh l< wkaou yd fjk;a w;alS we;=<;a
lsu fma%laIlhdg jeo.;ajk neks' nq ifjda nqrcdKka jykafia
wkq.ukh l< m wdpdh ukaf.a Y%djl msi Wkajykafia wkq.ukh
l<y' tkuq;a ;ud fkdfhla w;alS ,nd wka;sf tlu wjfndaOhg
t<Uqkdy' f tla tla NslaIqj ms%hl< mirh b;du Ialr jQ w;r fld
kdrh le hk n,j;a mY%uhlska hqla; h'
f ms<sn| wdpdh uka f.a fcHIaG YsIHfhl= jQ uf.a ms%h;u
mqoa.,fhla we;' Oq;dx. NslaIQkaf.a w;alS wka NslaIQkag jvd fnfyka
fjkia neka uy;a wdYaphu;a woaN+; foa fufia jd;d lrkafka nqoaO
ld,fha ks;r isjQ fujeks woaN+; isoaka wo;a mej;sh yels nj fmkaugh' nqoaO p;fha iuyr isoaka Wod' wef;l=f.a wdrlaIdj" jfrla
johla mQcd lsu iudk wdpdh ukaf.a w;alS fndfyda we;' fuu
l:d mqj;a i;H f;dr;=re njg idlaIs jYfhka ;ju;a j;=ka w;r jev
isk 70 jhia blau jQ wdpdh fpd .ek i|yka lr' Wkajykafia >k
jkdka;rj, wo jk;=re;a jdih lrhs' rd;s% ld,fha jkfha ixpdrh lrk
g fkdfhla jk i;=ka yuqu ms<sn| fkdfhla mqj;a lsh;s'
tla ikaOHdjl f,dila ys isg hdx udhsys ,mx m%foaYhg wdpdh
fpd .uka .;ay' . udhsf h h .jdiSka f rd;s% ld,fha jkhg
316
odhdoh
msiSu Nhdkl nj kq kay' tu le,E m%foaYh Yd, neka tys

rd;s% ld,h .; lsug is f' tfia jqjfyd;a fldkaf.a f.drla jkq
ksh;h' tys ka mqjrejla we;' rd;s% ld,fha zzhlal=kaf.kaZZ .ykh"
.uka lsfuka j,lskak' Wkajykafia fndfyda l:dmqj;a wid we;s kuq;a
fldfhla uqK .eiS ke;' zzhlal=ZZ hkafkka woyia lrkafka ljfrlahs
wdpdh fpd uiSh' tk jhsrka j,ska jeiS .sh Yd, fld nj
.efhda lSy' wdmiq Tjqka iu rd;s% ld,h .; lsug .ug jk f,i
Tjqka b,a,d ishy'
tfy;a wdpdh fpd jkfha ixpdrh lsug leu;s neka tu b,a,u
S
m%;slafIam l<y' zzTn fldkag Nh keoahs Tjqyq weiQy' zzNh we;;a l
ke;eZZhs Wkajykafia ms<s;=re ks' Tjqka kej; kej;;a wdhdpkd l< g
zzud fldkaf.a f.drla urKhg m;aug lu_ lr we;ak" tfia fjd
;j j;aug fya;= wef;d;a fldkaf.ka ydkshla ke;ehs mejiSh'
urKhg m;aug jqj;a fkdhj .uqkf
a .ka iuqf.k .uk wdrN
lf<ah' le,E wmdrg msiQ .i Wkajykafia fomi fldkaf.a wmdr
gqfh' fld u<my lr .gu we;' iuyr mrK jqj;a iuy ka ka
myl< u< h' Wkajykafia Ndjkd ukisldrfhka .uka .;ay' le,Ef
ueog meKs g y;r me;af;ka wr .,d wdfh'
tljru uy;a fldfhl=f.a f.ru miqmiska wefikakg h' tgu
;j;a fldfhla f.drjdf.k bfhka t;s' fld fofokd Wkajykafia
<g f.drjka mefK;s' wkaOldrfha fld fofokd bhg mek wdy'
tflla w 6la muK bfhka wksld w 6la muK miq misks' f.ru
lka ys lrk ;r Yohls' f uOHfha wdpdh fpd .,a.eiS ishs'
miqmi ne g wks;a fldhdo l=reudk lrka mkskag hhs' tg Nh
N%dka; is; ksYp
a , h' tl whla j';a hd fkdyel' tfy;a i;sh n,j;a
h' Wkajykafia ;u is; foi n,ka l,n, fkd isfhah' fldkaf.
ka urKhg m;ajqjo lula ke;' ;u is;foi n,d isysika we;sj i;sfhak
isk g wjg mirh fkdkS .sfhah' ta iuu is; n,j;a iudhlg
m;ah' tgu fldkaf.ka ydkshla fkdjk nj kqK's bkamiq is; ksreoaO
h' wjg mirh fkdkS .sfhah' f f,i meh .Kkdjla .; h'
fufia meh .Kklg miq m%lD;s is; we;s ne l, ;ju;a isgf.
k is;s' l=vh iy md;%d Wrysfia t,afnka ;sf' tla w;l bmkao
317
,ka;Ereu we;' th f. ks f.dia fndfyda f,dh' bkamiq Wkajykafia

bmkao ,ka;Ereu m;a;=lr wjg m%foaYh n,d fld weoahs ney'
fld fldfyahs fkdfka'
tk rd;s%fha iudfhka ke.S is g Nh lsisjla fkdfka'
yojf;a ksNS; Ndjh fl;r n,j;ao h;a fld ishhla meKsh;a is;
CIsma; fkdf' ;u m%;HCI [dKfhka isf;a n,h jegfya' Yd, fld
fofofkl=f.a .%yKfhka u uy;a mquhls' ta Yauh jpkj,ska lsh
fkdyelsh' t;eku isgf.k yqfol,df ljf ;u is; ;=< ne g
ka we;af;a fldka flfrys n,j;a lreKdjls' Tjqka ;u ;=rka fj;s'
Ou_h f;arelr ka wdpdhjre fj;s' Tjqka mdvu W.kajd w;=reoka h'
Tjqka flfrys Nh fjkqjg ka we;af;a Tjqka lSug leue;a;ls'
wdpdh fpd f fld w;sYd, nj lSfh' fia wYajfhla fuka
Yd,h' tfy;a Yrfha . wYajhl=g jvd jeh' ysi w,a 16 muK
m<,a f' uq f;a fujeks Yd, fld l ke;' is; iud .;
bka ke.S is g b;du iemodhl msS%;shla fka' ;uka leu;s ;ekl hdug
hla ke;' ;u is; Ou_fhka i;a;Dma; jQ g Yajfha we;s w;sYd,;u
Yla;sh is; nj jegfya' lsisjlska ;udg ydkshla ke;ehs fka'
fuu W;= Ou_h is; ;=< we;sj .uk wdrN l<y' i;s m[a[dfjka
ldhdkqmiaikdfjka wehs' fld hdfjda fofokd ks;ru u;la f' Tjqka
gfyd;a <g f.dia wdorfhka msg w;.Eug isf;a' tfy;a fld th
fkdbjik nj oks;s' uq rd;s%h mqrd wdpdhH_ fpd i;=ka iekiSfuka
i;sfhka .uka lr t<sjk g ;ju;a jkdka;rfhah' mdkaor 9 g muK l=vd
.udkhlg meKsfhah' ;u nvq ndysrdh mfil ;nd isjr
q e ye| fmdrjd
ms~q msKsi .ug jefhah' .uq md;%h l tlsfkldg y~ .d odkh fok
f,i ixOdkh h' iuyre Wkajykafia iu kej; le,Ejg meK nvq
;ekam;a l< nj wid fldfya isg meKsfhahs weiQy' f msi rd;s%fha
jkdka;rh ;=<ska meKSu .ek ia; jQy' fkdfhla m%Yak pd,y' ?
t<sjk ;=re;a ksrdydrj md .ukska je nj;a W;=re m%foaYhg hk nj;a
mejiSh' fldkaf.ka f rd;s%h miqlr .ekSu Tjqkag uy;a m%fya,sldjls'
ish mqj;a wdpdh fpd lS kuq;a .efhda Yajdi fkdl<y' Wkajykafia
Ndjkd n, uysufhka iD m%d;sydhH_hla mE nj Tjqkag f;are .sh miq
th idudkH flfkl=g fkdl< yels fohla njg ms<s.;ay'
yojf;a .uka ud._h fjd jkdka;rfha .uka ud._h fjd tys we;s
318
odhdoh
hlre nj yd . wmg mSvd f.k fohs' mdr fkdkSu Yd, miqnEuls'

kqu we;s flfkl=f.a u. fmkau wjYH f' wms f .uka wjidkfha
fCIau N+hla i;=ka ikaf;daIfhka n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjuq' tfia k .uka
ud._h yd kqu ;sh hq;=hs' wms fkdfhla g ys;= ukdfma h h foa
l<;a th ienE .uka ud._h hehs is;sh hq;= ke;' we;af;kau wfma mqre
.;s mej;= jer ud._fha wm fufyhj;a'
wdpdh fpd fujeks jk i;=ka iu .; l< ld,fha w;alS
wmuKh' tla gl nqreufha uy jkdka;rfha .,a .=ydjl jdih lf<ah'
Yd, fld tyd fuyd h;s' kuq;a lsisjl=f.ka ydkshla ke;' tneka
ta ms<sn| hla ke;' kuq;a tla kla iji 5 g muK Ndjkdfjka keS
isg .=ydf fodrgqj foi Yd, b we;s fldfhla tkjd gqy' W!
b;du Yd,h' nhxldrh' tfy;a wdpdh fpd fkdie,S isfha fjkod
fuka Tjqkaf.ka lsis ydkshla fkdjQ ksid h yelsh' Wkajykafia Tyq foi
ne .i Tyqo n,d ishs' idudkHfhka Yo k.d f.drjd hkafkah' kuq;a
f i;d f.or we;s lrk iqr;,a n,af,la fuka n,d ishs' bkamiq idudkH
f,i Tfkdn n,d tlajru wdpdh fpd bfha .,a;,df w 18la
muK wE;g mekafkah' bkamiq jd Wf.a ll=,a f,jlhs' Wkajykafia
.ek lsis j.la ke;' Wkajykafia tys isk nj oks;s' iqr;,a n,af,la f.a
bmsg isk fuka Tyq ks,af,a is' l f,dklska ll=,a . yer ydkais
h' ka g Yrh f,j lhs' f.or meKs iqr;,a n,af,la fuks'
Wkakjykafiaf.a ilauka uj tys h' tkuq;a ilauka lsug
Wkka jQfha ke;' W! b;du lsgq ksid ;rul hla kqks' fufia jkpd
fldfhla ks,af,a isk ye Wkajykafia g fmr l ke;' tneka
.=ydf ;=, nnq me,,s u; jd Ndjkdf fhfkah' fndfyda f,djlg
jrla merks ;%fhla fuka Wkajykafia foi n,hs' Tyq hk njla fmakag
ke;' ? fnda we;s neka wdpdh fpd bmkaou o,ajd ure ,
;=<g we;=,a h' bmkaou uq .,a.=ydj t<sh lf<ah' fldhd ;ju;a ta
wdldrfhka is' fjfyi jQ neka ueh rd;s%fha Wkajykafia ksod.kag
h' whu ;=kg muK ke.sg bmkaou o,ajd ne g fldhd ;ju;a
t;kuh' uqyqK lg fidaod Ndjkd lsug jd t<sh jefgk ;=re Ndjkd
l<y' ure , bj;alr ne g fldhd ;ju;a is' w;a ll=,a .yer
iem myiqfjka je;s we;' Yd, n,af,la ;u iajdhdf.a f.a bmsg
ksokakdla fuks' msKavmd; hdug ld,h meK we;' fldhd bfhka hd
hq;=h' fldhd l=ula lrhso fkdfka' isjr
q e wk g fldhd ta foi b;d
319
lreKdjka;j weia yer n,hs' Wkajykafiag fjk lrlshd.; yels fohla

ke;' w lSmhla wi,ska fldhd ,.S' bkamiq isjqre ye| fmdrjd .,af,k
b fodrgqj <g meK fldhdg l:d lf<ah' zzka msKamd;fha hdug
fj,dj y' fjk i;=ka fuka uf.a l=i.skak we;' hula ld nv mqrjd.;
hq;=hs' Tng lrorhla fkdf k uu wdydr msKsi msg h' lreKdlr
ug hdug bv fokak' Tng fuys iskag wjYH k lula keye iskak'
ke;fyd;a lEu fidhd hdug wjYH k tfia hkak'
fldhd t;k je;s isg lka fol fl<ska lr jpk Yoh wid
isfhah' wdpdh fpd bkamiq Tyq bfhka .uka lrhs' fldhd ldreKsl
ne,aulska ta foi n,d ishs' zzkE ;ekl hkak' ud .ek Nhfjkak tmd'
ud fuys wdf Tn m%fY lrkakeZZhs lshkakdla fuks'
wdpdh fpd < my; .udkhg f.dia ms~q isd .;ay' fldhd
isk j. lsisfjl=g fkdlSfh' .uq Tyq ur;sZhs hk fhks' wdmiq
.,af,kg meK ne g fldhd ke;' kau;= lsisfkl fldhd
olakg fkd,enqKs' wdpdh fpd yg ielhla we;' tu fldhd idudkH
jk i;ajfhla fkdf' fjia j,d.;a fo flfkla h yelsh' ta ksid
t;r yS,E iqr;f,la fuka yeisreKs' Wkajykafia fldhd kej; lSug
leu;s jQ kuq;a lsiskl wdf ke;' fldkaf.a f.drjk kdoh ieuodu
weiqK kuq;a tys ;u hdjd weoahs k.; fkdyelsh' tu jkdka;rh
fldkaf.ka .ykh' idudkH flfkl=g tys jdih l< fkdyelsh' tu
fld ;=< ;snQ .;sh b;d ms%hckl neka Nh fjkqjg wdorh we;s h'
f w;alSu ;=<ska fYaI Ou_;d Wkajykafiag wjfndaO jQ nj wdpdh
fpd mejiqfh'
wdpdh fpd jI 5la nqreufha .; lr nqreu NdIdj ;u uni
;r myiqfjka yeisrug bf.k .;af;ah' tfy;a ;dhs,ka;hg wdmiq
meKSug isjqfka fofjks f,dal uyd hqoaOfha bx.S%iSka yd cmkqka w;r
we;s jQ hqo flda,dy, ksidh' bx.S%is fid,aodfjda nqref jdih lrk ;dhs
cd;slhska w;awvx.=jg .;ay' ;dhs cd;slfhda cmdkhg T;a;= imhkakka
hehs iel l<y' tneka ia;S% mqreI" NslaIQka fndfyda fokd urKhg
m;al<y'
wdpdh fpdf.a .f odhl msi Wkajykafiag uy;afia wdor
f.!rj lajQy' bx.S%is finkaf.ka wdrlaId lsug Wkajykafia >k
jkdka;rhg f.dia iejQy' tfy;a Wkajykafia kla .ehkag Ou_
320
odhdoh
foaYkdlrk g finka jglr.;ay' .efhda re foka Wkajykafiaf.a .=K jKkd l<y' Wkajykafia fndfyda ld,hla nqreufha jdih
l< nj;a rdc mmd,k jefvys fkdfhfok nj;a lshd wNshdpkd l<y'
wka;sf .efhda Wkajykafia Yd, le,E m%foaYhlg kej;;a f.k
.shy' bx.S%is Ngfhda Wkajykafia fidhka le,Ej fojk;a lr;s' fkka
ku ;;a;ajh W.% h' .uq Wkajykafia ;dhs,ka;hg msg;a lsug tl
jQy' tfy;a le,Eno mdr b;du;a Nhdklh' l m,a, yd jki;=kaf.a
h we;' tfy;a bx.Si
% s finkaf.ka f hdug fjk ula ke;' .efhda
Wkajykafiag u i,l=Kq lshd mdr jeiS ;snqK;a wka lsis u.l fkdhk
f,i wjjdo ks' fuh tlu wmdr h' w;S; mrmrd .kkla wd uq;=ka
;a;ka .sh mdrls'
Wkajykafia k 4la ? oj,a fkdkj;ajd .uka l<y' ksod.;af;a
fyda wdydr je<f ke;' uyd jkdka;rfha yqol,dj .uka lr;s'yeu
;eku fldkaf.a yd w,swe;=ka f.a u. i,l=Kq we;' Wkajykafia w;sYhska
la,dka; h' nqreufhka m,dhdug fkdyels f hehs is;+y' hlsis jer
mdrlg jegqfkd;a ux uq,djkq ksh;h'
4 fjks k Wofha ;dhs udhsug hdug ;j r we;' is;kag ne;r
uy;a mqudldr fohla isjqKs' Tn f l:dj imQKfhka lshjk ;=re
lreKdlr fpkh fkdlrk f,i b,a,' Wkajykafiaf.a .; is;
w;sYhska n, h' ka g fl ld,hla vd yka k 3la ksrdydrj
weo we;' b;d wdhdifhka ;u n, Yrh bhg fufyhjk g
fun is;la my< h' zzfu;r r m%udKhla uf.a ; mrjg ;nd
h' ka ka y;s je we;' fumuK l,la tlu ksia wdjdihla fyda
ksfila fkdlafl' ka uu ksrdydrj ue hk ;ekg m;a we;'
fu;r la uq ;fha lsisgl kafoa ke;' uu hqoaOfhka f ka
ksrdydrj h ho@ nqrcdKka jykafia jodrd we;s m wE; fo nU;,
j, jeia we;s fo nUqka we;ak j lk we;ak f urKhg <djk
NslaIqj fkdfmfkao@ uf.a la .ek,s fkdwefiao@ fojre nqoaO ld,fha
isg NslaIQka jykafia,d fok msx wkqfudaoka we;ak uf.a f lg msysg
fkdjkafka fl;r wkqlmd rys;jo@ Wkajykafia,df.a jeia j lK
jH [dKh we;s nj Tmamq lsug ug Wmldr lrKq uekZZ
fuu is;s,s we;sjQ .i uy;a mqu iys; fohla isjqKs' th
woyd.; fkdyelsh' Wkajykafia ;ju;a uy;a wdhdifhka wfhka wh
321
;sh;s' tg b;d kS;j we| me<| .;a msfhla gqfh' tu llrfha

uf,aPhka fuka fkdj" mdr whsfka jd ishs' ysi u; nkafoaisfha
wdydr"m<;=re mqrjd we;' fuh Yajdi lrkafka flfiao@ lal .u
wdpdh fpd f.a u,a fl<ska h' we ysjegqKs' nv.skak yd vdj
wu;l h' w 25 muK wE;ska lreKdjka; mqreIfhla jd odkh ms<s.
ekaug iQodkka is' <d jQ g Tyq l:d lf<ah'
zzwjir iajdks" fuys u|la kej;S isg wdydr f.k vdj ixis|jd
.kak' Yr Yla;sh ,enqk g .uka lrkak mqjka f' wou f uyd
le,Ej ;rKh l< yelshsZZ
wdpdh fpd kej;=ks' w; ;snQ nvq u ;enQy' md;%h t<shg f.k
tu wdydr ms<s.;ay' uy;a mquhls' tu wdydrj,ska ksl=;a jk iqjka uq
m<d;u iqj|j;a h' wdydr m%udKh je;a ke;' u;a ke;' th j .E
muKska ri kyr mskd .sfhah' tys ri fln hs lsj fkdyelsh' fuh
wdidudkH w;sYfhdala;shla hehs is;=k;a Wkajykafia bkashkag kqk
msku lsisfia;a lshkakg fkdyels neka w;sYfhdala;shla fkdf'
wdydr l ;u md;%fha nyd tu mskaj;a mqreIhd isk g wdpdhH_
fpd Tyqf.a f.j,a fldfyahs uiSh' zzuu k 3la f le,E mdf
.uka .;s' lsisu ksia wdjdihla fyda ukqIHfhla uqK .eiqfka ke;' tu
mqoa.,hd h lsis ix{djla by<g w; .=lr tys fjfikafkhs lSh' Tn
f wdydr ms<f
s h, lf<a flfiao@ fuu wdydr ms<.
s ekSug NslI
a j
q la tk nj
k isfha flfiao@ Tyq u|la iskdiS lsis W;a;rhla fkdks' Wkajykafia
msx wkqfudaokd fldg wjidkfha tu mqo.
a ,hd ;ukaf.a jdiia:dk b;d r
neka hd hq;= nj lSh' Tyqf.a bh b;d m%ikakh' mqu Ydka; Ndjhla
we;' l:dlf,a b;d iaj,am jYfhks' uqyqfKa ldka;shla ysfoa' ueo jhfia
flfkla fuks' Wi;a ke;s fldg;a ke;s Yrhls' mqu yehdjla we;'
Tyq hkag wjir f.k kslauqKs' wdpdh fpd ;ju;a ia;j f wreu
mqu mqoa.,hd foi n,d isfhah' Tyq w 25la muK wE;g f.dia .ilg
uqjd h' wdpdh fpd .i miqlr Tyq tkf;la n,d ishy' kuq;a Tyq
fmfkkag we;' wd .sh w;la ke;' tg ta .i <g f.dia i;r .
nefh' lsisfjla ke;' fuh Bg;a jvd iauhls' ;ju;a mqufhka f
m%fya,sldj .ek is;ka wdmiq wjq;a wdydr j<okakg h' tu ri ksia
f,dj ke;' wdydrj, mqu iqj|la iy rihla we;' ;u Yrhg wjYH
ish .=Khka we;' fujeks wdydrhla ljodj;a j<|d ke;' tu wdydrj,
rih uq Yrh mqrd ys .sfhah' iEu frdau l+mhlgu fka' fu;r
322
odhdoh
l,a ksrdydrj ;snQ la,dka;h myh' wka;sf fuu wdydrh fu;r

rij;ajQfha ;udf.a l=i.skak ksidhs ielhla we;s h' tfia ke;ak
f we;af;kau j fndcqka h hq;=h' wdydrh uqukskau je<y' th
kshu f,i m%udKj;a h' ;j |la fyda jemqr wdydr we;ak je<h
fkdyelsh'
wdydr je<fuka miq wdidudkH Yr Yla;shlska .uk wdrN
l<y' ta u| fj,djlg m%:u is urKdikak la,dka; j_, mqoa.,hd
fkdf' .uk hkjd i is; we;af;a tld.%;djfhka wreu mqu mqreIhd
.ekh' fufia vdj fkdf;af' ;uka y mdf hs uis,s ke;' ijia
jk g tu mqreIhd lS m Wkajykafia f uyd le,Ej ;rKh lf<ah'
Wkajykafia ;dhs,ka; iSudjg meKsfha uq oji mqrd ;snQ wiS; i;=ks'
lfha iy isf;a ;snk
q l my we;' ;u .u rg fmfoi jQ ;dhs,ka;hg
md ;enQ .i ;ukajykafia ;j ld,hla j;ajk nj kqKs'
tu mqo.
a ,hd fo flfkla i ukqIHfhla fkdjk nj wdpdh fpd
mejiSh' is;d n,kak' tu mqoa.,hd yuqug miq ;dhs udhsug tk;=re
lsis ukqIHfhla uqK .eiqfka ke;' uq isoahu uy;a m%fya<sldjls' idudkHfhka l=vd .udkhla fyda olakg ,ef' tfy;a uq .uk ;=< lsisu
.udkhla ke;' nqref isg ;dhs,ka; iSudjg ;snQ fuu merKs ud._h
;kslr >k jkdka;rhls' bx.S%is finka muKla fkdj lsis ksfila fyda
wdydrhla ke;' th fl;r ._ ud.hla hs is;h
s fkdyelsh' udrdka;l
s
.ukla jqjo fufia ch.%yK ,S,dfjka .urg n,d meKsfhah'
;uka tjeks Nhdkl jkh ;rKh lf<a fohkaf.a Wmldrfhka hehs
wdpdh fpd mejiSh' j,a w,s" fld" j,ia" khs" fmdf<dx wd Nhdkl
i;=kf
a .ka .yK jQ kuq;a tlu if;la j;a Wkajykafia lafla ke;' weig
fmkqfka wysxil i;=ka muKs' f .uk lsif
s jl=g hd fkdyelsh' ksielju
fldhdg fyda j,a w,shdg wiqf' fuh Ou_fha ydialu iy fohkaf.a
ydialuls' nqref .jeisfhda Wkajykafia j;afj;shs fkdis;+y' tfy;a
hqo Nghkaf.ka fug fjk l%uhla ke;' hqo Nghkaf.ka fug jvd
fuh myiqfhehs Tjqka uka;%Kh l<y'
f l:d mqj; uu ijka ka wdldrfhkau jd;_d lf<' lreKdlr Tn f ms<sn| uikak' fujeks is;kag ne iqrx.kd l:dj i;H
m%jD;a;shls' wdpdhH_ fpdf.a OQ;dx. mQrKh b;du m%;sm;a;s u;
f.k .sh neka fujeks wreu mqu l;kaor fndfyda fj;s' Wkajykafia
323
uy le,Ef jdih lrk neka lsif

s jl=g Wkajykafia yuqug fkdyelsh'
iudcfha wdY%fhka wE;a we;'
wjidkh
wdpdhH_ ukaf.ka mej; tk YsIH mrmrdj jkdka;rfha fjfika
;u Ndjkd m%;sm;a;s /lSug mqyqKq we;' wdpdh uka tfia lsug
Wkka lr;s' ks;ru jkdka;r ;h jK_Kd flfr;s' Bg fya;=j tu
iajNdl mirfhka Ou_h wjfndaO lsu myiq neks' ckdlSK ."
ksh . k.r noj tu iajNdl w;alS ,nd.; fkdyelsh' isf;a
lfha flh tys ke;' Wkajykafiaf.a YsIHhska j;_udkfha foaYkdlrk
Ou_h fufia udrdka;sl Ialr mirfha wjfndaO jQ ;udf.a w;alS
iNdrhla neka" m%;HCI Ou_;djkah'
wdpdh uka wNdjhg m;a ka jir .Kkdjla miq we;;a
Wkajykafiaf.a YsIHhka Ndjkdf fhS isk g m%lD;s wdldrfhka
Wkajykafia olss;s' h Ndjkd ms<sn| .egjla we;;a wdpdh uka
Ndjkd iud is;g wruqKq f' bkamiq tu .egj ksrdlrKh lsug
ms<sfj, k.kS' Wkajykafia judkj fuka tu m%Yakhg ms<s;=re imh;s'
ry;kajykafia,d ;u iud is;g wruqKq Ou_ lreKq myod fok nj ud
by; i|yka lr we;' ;udf.a Ndjkdj h ;rula hqKq bka bhg
hdug fkdyels jQ g wdpdh uka fmkS isg Bg iqiq m%;l
s u foaYkd lr;s'
bkamiq tu oY_kh my hhs' tu NslaIqj ta lS wdldrhg yels muK ;l_
pdr lrka ;u m%Yakh i|d .ks;s' bkamiq Ndjkdj id:l f'
tu NslaIQkag jeia" j lK wd w udkqIsl n, we;' Ndjkdf
olsk zzks;sZZ ;=<ska Ou_h weiSu heZhs lshkq ,ef' tk .=rejrhd h
h ks;s olaj;s' YsIHhd tu ks;s f;are .kshs' fuh fndfyda whg
woaN+; fohla jqjo th Ndjkd fhda.skag idudkH fohls' ms<sfj;a mqrK
Ndjkdf hqKq mqoa.,hskag fufia fkdfhl=;a ks;s my< f' tfy;a
yefudagu fuh idOdrK fkdf' fufia {dkh my<jkafka by; wd;au
j, mqre mqyqK l< iD m%d;sydh ;=<sks' nqjre ry;kajykafia,d
wdpdh ukag fmkS isg Ou_ foaYkd lr we;' ta yd iudkj wdpdh ukaf.
a YsIHhkag Wkajykafia fmfka' Wkajykafia foaYkd lrK Ou_h wefia'
nqrcdKka jykafia judk ld,fha ;u u;=hg ;=is; Njkhg jev
324
odhdoh
Ou_h foaYkd l< nj wm wid we;' tu ks;s fYaI olaI;d ;=<ska we;sh
yels nj ys;kag yelsh' nqrcdKka jykafiag tjeks wdYaphH_ woaN+; foa
isl< yels jqjo wjfYaI ry;ka jykafia,dg tfia l< yels hhs hfula
ms<sfkd.ks;s' tfy;a tu iqfYaI olaI;djh h wfhl=g wxY=ud;%hla
fyda we;sug yelsnj wm ms<s.; hq;= f'
f ms<sn| jemqr woyia laug fkdleu;s neka Ndjkd
fhda.S Tng th m%;HCIfhka k.ekSug bv y' th wkqkaf.ka wid
k.kakla fkdjk neka jvd ia:djrh' ug f ms<sn|j lsisu ielhla ke;' ljqre l=ula weoyqj;a ke;;a bka fjkila fkdf' fld;r
YajdikSh jqj;a iel we;sug bv we;' m%Yakh jkafka idudkH ckhd
t;r ;a; mdY=oahla ke;s neka i;Hh jqj;a ms<s.ekSug fkdyels
f' ;udu m%;HCI l< g tys iel ke;' wms iefjdu lu_mdl j,g
uqyqK fouq' l iem hkq ;ukaf.a lu_ mdl f' fuh i;Hfhkau i;H
f' b;du ir, f'
wdpdh ukaf.a l:d mqj; ;a;dlI_KSh f' .sys ld,fha isg
Wkajykafia idka;=jrfhls' ks;r iliqrejka ia:djrhlska j;a h'
;u foudmsh kE ys;j;=kag lsisu lla lK.dgqjla wjknqjla fkdh'
me jQ miq uy;a wIaGdkhlska ;u Ndjkd hqKq lr wka NslaIQkag tu
ud._h jD; l<y' Wkajykafiaf.a uq ;h ma;su;ah" wdf,dalu;ah'
.=K iuqodh" iS, iuqodh" wo j;ajkakkag wdoYhls' Ndjkd m%;sm;a;s
b;d h' iauhg m;alrK uy;a jQ udkisl m%jK;djhls' flf<ia
l%udkql+,j hgm;a lf<a W;aidyfhks' Wkajykafia ry;kajykafia
kula hehs <ska wdY%h l< ish fokdf.au u;h h'
i;s" m[[dfjka ;u is; hqKq lf<a uq, isg wka;su olajd
Ou_dkql+,jh" ;u YsIHhkaf.a woyia Woyia okS' b;du kQ.;a llrfha
le,Eno f.%da;sl ksiqka mgka Wiia iudcfha W.;=kag Wkajykafia uy;a
fiajhla lr we;' wjidk yqiu
a olajd lreKdj me;sr h' hfula m%Yk
a hla
weiQ g meh .Kkla jqjo idlPd lrka tu m%Yakh fyd|dldr jgyd
fo;s' ishu Y%djlhka ;=< Wkajykafiaf.a jpk is; ld je m%fndaO
we;' fujeks wdpdhjrfhl=f.a yuqu ksid ;u ;fha Wmu m%fhdackh
,nd.;a nj ms<s.ks;s' tu Ou_h ;ud ;=< jOkh u ksid ta ishu
Y%djlfhda wo m%isoaO wdphjreka fj;s' fufia nq rcdKkajykafiaf.
a W;= Ou_h fkdkeiS mj;S' wo olajd fndfyda Y%djl mrmrdjla Ou_h
yodrka m%;sm;a;s rls;s' th f,dalhdg m%oY_kh fkdl< kuq;a ksy~ Ou_
325
fiajdjls'
.=rejrfhla jYfhka .sys ck;dj ;=< o Ou_h mqnqjd ,Sug
Wkajykafiag yelsjQ neka ta who lu_ mdl" fya;=M, wd Ou_;d wkqj
Ou_h wjfndaO lr Ou_ ud._fha .uka l<y' wdOHd;al .+Kj.dj hkq
f,dal idufha uQ,sl isoaOdka;hls' f,dalh kdY hkafka ukqIHhdf.a
.=KOu_ kdY jQ gh' wOHd;al .=K ySk jQ g ksid lrk lshk iEu
fohlau f,dal kdYh msKsi mj;S' ;jo Ou_h hgm;a lsug idOl f'
wOu_h rc flf' ksidf.a wdOHd;al .=Kj.dj hqKq jQ g ksidf.
a jpkh" ls%hdj f,dal iuDoah msKsi mj;S' ta w;r Ou_h jyd jOkh
f' ;u yojf;a Ou_h fydodldr ;ekam;a jQ flfklaf.a ls%hdj,sh ksid
ydkshla isfjkafka flfiao@ miq;e,a,la ke;sj jrfoys nef|ao@ tjeks
yeisu Tjqkag wiajdNdlh' Ou_ lrekq .sr fuka lgmdv lr" Ou_fha
yeisfuka f;drjQ whg tfia l< yels f' ta wh Ou_Or jqjo Ou_fha
fkdyeisfr;s'
wdpdh uka yuq jQ ish fokdu Wkajykafiaf.a .=K tl yka
m%ldY lr;s' iuyre ;u ;h mqo lsug fyda leu;s jQy' Ou_ lreKq
;u is; ;=< Yla;su;a jQ g thu ta mqoa.,hdf.a n,j;a Yla;shla njg
mj;kh f' tjeks Yla;shla f,dalfha fjk lsis Yla;shlg iudk
l< fkdyelsh' fuh fufia fkdf k ;u f;kdf msysgd fyd| fyda
krl l< fkdyelsh' l=i,a fyda wl=i,a ;u is; ;ka .%yKh l< g
fkdhj tu ldhfha fhfoa' tjeks ;o is;=,s we;sjQ g tys m%;sM,
je,elah fkdyelsh'
fuh fyd|dldr lsh yelafla wdpdh ukaf.a f.da, msi ;=<h'
Ou_h fyd|dldr isf;a ;ekam;a jQ g Wkajykafiag wiS; wdor Nla;shla
msku;s' ;u isf;a we;s Y%oaOdj fl;r n,j;ao hkq Wkajykafiag ;
mQcd lsug jqjo fm<f' f widudkH wdlIKh Wkajykafiaf.a ;
ld,h ;=< iy msksjka mEfuka miqo oHudk h'
ud .ek lshf;d;a ud ljo;a lsis jevlg ke;s mqoa.,fhla f,i
is ksid uf.a wdl,am fjk;a wdl,am j,g jvd fjkia h yelsh' kg
wjq' 20 .; we;s jqjo" ug fkkafka Wkajykafia Bfha wmj;ajQ f,ih'
Wkajykafiaf.a Yrh wNdjhg .sh kuq;a is; wNdjhg .sfhau ke;'
Wkajykafia ud < iska ug ks;ru Wmldr lrkakdla fuka isf;a'
Wkajykafiaf.a ; l:df wjidk mfoh jYfhka Wkajyka326
odhdoh
fia W.kajk ffY,sh ms<sUq jk h jdlH yd jdlH LKav f.k yer

olaj' fuh wjidk ld,fha isg wNdjh olajd isjQ m%jD;a;s f' f
wjidk ld,fha foiQ oyu uf.a ;hg Yd, f,i n,md we;' ;u
frda.h .ek l:dlrK g th ;u Yrh wjidk jYfhka kdY jk
wkaou lauls'
zzuu f Yrfha Wmam;a;sh yd urKh .ek fndfyda fihska pdrd
we;' miq.h
s wjq' 60 ;=< f Yrfha ialkaO ms<n
s | ixl,amkd lf<' fuys
tlu fldgila fyda l=vd wxY=jlaj;a we,S ;=,ska .%yKh l< fkdyelsh'
tneka f Yrh le kdY u .ek lsis lkiai,a,la ke;' Ou_h
wjfndaO jQ fudfydf;a isg f Yrh .ek lsisu miq;e,a,la fkd;snqKs'
f fN!;sl jia;= Yrh fyda ndysr f,dalh fyda fjd ish,a, tluh'
tlu uQ,jH j,ska ksudKh ;sf' ojia m;d tajd le h;s' uq,a
iajNdjhg mj;kh fj;s' kej; kej; wdydr-j;=r-jd;h-WIaKh
wdfhka ta ish,a, wvqjQ g msrh hq;=h' f Yrh wfma uf.a lSj;a tys
ishu wxY= f mD mirfha yeu ;eku mj;sk foa uh'
ug we;s tlu l uf.a Y%djl msi .ekh' fndfyda r l;r isg
meKs msi we;' uu urKhg m;aug fmr Tnieuf.a is;a Ou_fhka ms
we;shs ug i;=gqh fkdyelsh' tneka ks;ru hH_fhka ;u Ndjkd
lghq;= lsug uu Wkka lr' flf<ia hkq wkka; Wmam;a;s urKj,g
fya;=fjk Ou_hkah' flf<ia iq mgq f,i fkdis;kak' ke;ak wysxil
f,i fkdis;kak' tfia fkdis;d flf<ia iu. igka lr hgm;a lsug
ka ld,h t<U we;' urKhg m;ajQ g flf<ia iu igka lsug
fkdyelsh' uu Tng wk;=re wejQfha ke;ehs fkdlshkq uek'
f f,dalfha j;ajk ishu ksia ;sika wd i;a;j
a fhda la ;s'
lg fya;=j jrojd ys;kak tmd' lg fya;=j Tn Th is;k wysxil"
iqmgq flf<ia nj is;kak' uu ;h" Wmam;a;sh" urKh ms<sn| Wmu
m%{dfjka l.;s' Wmam;a;s urKhg yd ishu lafokd j,g tlu
fya;=jla we;' tk Tn iq hehs is;k flf<iah' fuh f,dalfha ish
fokdu .Kka fkd.kakd fohls' we;af;kau f flf<ia ksid ish la
yg.kS' Tn ish fokdf.a is;a flf<ia j,ska mS; we;' Tn ta .ek
is;kafka flfiao@ f flf<ia t;r .Kka .; hq;= ke;ehs Tn;a
is;kjdo@ tfia k Tn uf.a Y%djlhka jYfhka fl;r ish;a Tn fydoafoa ri fkdokakd yekaola fuks' Tng fydoafoa ri n,kag kE k uu
lshk Ou_ fydka isf;a ord.kak' Ou_ rih fu;r wudrefjka lshd fok
327
g fydoafoa yekao fjkak tmd' th ug uy;a ndOdjls' uf.a b.ekafuka

M,la ke;' Ou_fha jkdlu Tn fkdoks;s' Tn bm uehkafka f jkd
Ou_h w;am;a lr.k fkdf' th i;=kag;a jvd lsis jeo.;a lula ke;s
;;a;ajhls' i;=ka uerek g Wkaf.a uia iy yu h jkdlula we;'
m%udo jQ i;s ryfhka wl=i,a lrkakdf.a j;au fyda urKh lsis
jkdlula ke;'
Ydl frda.h we;sjQ k isg uf.a ;h fkka k f. hhs'
hfula la blaujd we;af;a k yeu w;skau ;Dma;su;a f' Tyq urKhg
m;ajkafka lsish j.lSula ke;sjh' iodld,sl ksfodaI jQ Tyqg ,nd.
ekSug lsisjla ke;' lsisu fohla wjYH fkdf' tfy;a flf<ia iys;j
urKhg m;ajQ g Tyqg ;Dma;shla ke;' h ;ekl Wmam;a;shla ,enQ
go tu w;Dma;su;a la yg.kS' flf<iaj, n,h jeu la je f'
wij,a wij,a f,dal b;d ;Dma;su;a hehs fkdis;kq uek' tfia is;=,s
we;sg tu ;Kaydj ksid iem wd;auhla fkd,ef' tys f;areu Tn
;ju;a flf<iaj, Nhdkl lu fkdokakd njh' flf,ia Tnf.a y;=rka
fuka is; lD;s lrhs' fufia isf;a mj;sk l" wi;=g ksid Tng fyd|
wd;auhla ,efo@ kej; bmug we;s ;Kaydj re lrkafka ke;akk
Tng msysgjkafka flfiao@
i;s " iud hq K q ke;s Ns l a I Q k a f f,da l fha ls i s u i;= g la
n,dfmdfrd;a;= h hq;= ke;' ta fjkqjg u; udkisl wiykh isf;a ie
we;' tjeks wiykfhka ug Tn uy;a jEhula h hq;=h' Ou_hg
reoaO jQ flf<ia mrdch l< hq;=h' tg Ou_fha W;= iekis,a, b;d
blaukska <d f' iir ieirka la kao ld,h iu ii|d n,k
l, fuh b;d fl ld,hls'
nq oyu foaYkd lr we;af;a iir la ke;s lsugh' th wfhka
whg .uka lr ,nd.; hq;=h' bkamiq lsislf,l kej; Wmam;a;shla
ke;' kej; Wmam;a;h
s la fkd,eug leu;s wh uq Yajfha we;s ;j,
wks;H" laL" wkd;au iajNdjh fufkys l< hq;=h' fuh b;d .eUqka
wjOdrKh l< g ish iel re flf' tg ;on, ne hkafka
ksfYhlsk's ish ielrelsug wjYHjkafka m%{djhs' ;=kf
a ,dalfha oHdudk jk ish flf,ia re lsug i;s" m[a[d iuF:_ f' nqrcdKka
jykafia iy ish ry;=ka jykafia,d i;s m[a[dfjka ish flf<ia
re l<y' wka ish l=Y, Ou_hka i;s m[a[djg Wmldr flfr;s' th
hqo f igkalrk finkag wjYH wdydr c,h wd Wmldr jeksh'
328
odhdoh
tfy;a hqoaOhg wjYHjkafka fin,d iy w wdhqOh' fuys wms olskafka

fkdmiqnisk fin,d fuka flf,ia iu i;s m[a[dfjka igka lrK
mqoa.,hdh' tu flf<ia kej; ke.S isg Tyq iup,hg m;alrkafka
ke;' Tyqf.a w wdhqO Yla;su;a jQ i;sm[a[ f' yeu fudfydf;au
flf<ia mrdch lsug wjYH jQ i;sm[a[d w; < ;sh hq;= hs w
wdhqO f'
Tnf.a Ndjkd hqKqjla ke;s g ta ms<sn| fkdhj ;l_ ;l_
l< hq;=h' Tnf.a urKh ksNhj uqyqK h hq;= wjia:djls' mrdch
urKhg m;ajQ g wkka; ld,hla iir lg m;af' tneka Yd, f,i
flf<ia iu igfkys fhh hq;=hs' iif uq,djQ iFjhska bka uqojd iir
la ke;s l< hq;=h' tg woHdfjka iFjfhda iir kQm;s' Tn uykais
.kafka kej; iir bmugo@ Tn ;ju;a j;a ish;a wkd.; Njhlg
ie,iq lrkafkah' ta wehs@ Tn Ndjkdj w;aysgjQ yeu fudfydf;au
lrkafka B< wd;auh ie,iq lsuhs' Wmam;a;s urKhg iqiq uhs' Tf
is; tg lg Ndckh f'
uu Tng Ou_h f;are lr ug iEu m%h;akhlau .;af;' Tn
p;=rdhH_ i;Hh iy i;r i;smGdkh fyd|dldr wjfndaO lr i;s"
m[a[dj hqKq l< hq;=hs' h h wudkqIsl iDoa Tng fkdlSf tajd
ksjka wjfndaOhg wjYH fkdjk neks' tfy;a hful=g tjeks Yla;Ska
wef;d;a ta .ek weiSug uu i;=gqfj' uf.a urKfhka miq f ms<sn|
okakd flfkla fiu b;du Ialr lreKls' Tn fydka wjOdrKh l<
hq;af;a Ou_fha W.;alu iy Ou_fha m%dfhda.sl yeisu hkq lreKq folls'
hfula Ou_h W.;a kuq;a iud-m[a[d u.a. M, ke;sk wkqkag kshu
ud._h fmkaug wiuF:_ fj;s'
fufia wdpdh uka Wkajykafiaf.a mYau wjjdo kay' ixLdr
Ou_hka .ek ia;r lf<a iud inqrcdKkajykafia msksjka mdk
iufha foiQ oy fuks' wdpdh uka wdrN lf<a nqoO
a jpkh f.k yer
mdks' zzwmmudfok iumdfoZZ jh Ouud ixLdrdZZ wd jYfhks' zzWmmFjd
ksreck;s f;ix jQm ifud iqfLdZZ' bkamiq Wkajykafia f .d:d Ou_h
ia;r l<y'
zzixLdrZZ hk mYau nqoaO jpkh b;du Wiia Ou_;djhls' ish
fya;=m%;Hfhka ksYMkakd isoaOdka; zzixLdrZZ jpkhg we;=<;a f' tfy;a
f;kdf yg.kakd ixLdr fyj;a lu_ b;du jeo.;a f' ulaksido h;a
329
fuu ixLdr laL iuqoh i;Hh f' tk f ixLdr lg fya;=f' f

ixLdr my< jQ g is; CIsma; f' tg fuday fyj;a uq,djg m;af'
tg isf;a tald.%;djh" i;s iud | jef' isf;a iajdkNdjh kdY
f' fuu ixLdr .ek uid n,k g fmkShkafka wfma b;du wYsCIs;
is;=,s isg b;du YsCIs; is;=,s f ixLdr .Khg wh;a jk njhs' fjdfha .;s,laIK imQKfhkau wjfndaO jQ g tajd hgm;a f' ixLdr
ke;s g is; CIsma; fkdf' is;=,s woyia isf;a yg.;a kuq;a ta is;=,s
b;du msis ialkaOhla wdYs%; neka lsish flf<ia wka;.; fkdf'
tys ;Kayd wPd ke;' ;o kskaola nh' fuu is;g jQmiu ;a; hehs
lshkq ,ef' th b;du ixiqx flf<ia ke;s Ydka; m%kS; ;a; iajNdjhls'
nqka ry;kaf.a f ;a; iajNdjh m%lD;s jYfhka we;' Wkajykafia,dg
tneka lsisjla ms<sn| wdidjla fyda wfmalaIdjla ke;' flf<ia ke;sjQ
.i is; ;=< uy;a iekiSula msis njla yg.kS' g fidamdfYaI
ksjdK Od;=j hehs yekaf' ry;kajykafia m;afjk f ksjk jeks w;s
W;=" Ya; mqu fohla f ;=ka f,dalfha oHudk fkdf'ZZ
f foaYkh bkamiq wjidk h' bkamiq lsisu foaYkhla fkdlrK
,' tneka uu f foaYkh Wkajykafiaf.a mYau foaYkh f,i we;=<;a
lr'
.%ka: l;=jrhd jYfhka uu wdpdh ukaf.a ; l:dj yels;dla
ksjer f,i bm;a lf<' uf.a uq ; ld,fha fujeks wka fohla
lr ke;' fuys we;s m%udo fodaY j,g iudjqj uekj' uu fuu ,sms f.dkq
ilia lsug fndfyda ld,hla .; lf<' tfy;a ;j wjqre ;=kla f
wdldrfhka lreKq tl;= l<;a ksudjla olskafka ke;' tfy;a uf.a mdGlhka i|yd yels ;r lreKq bm;a lsug yd th iqL kuH hg
laug uy;a wdhdihla refj' Tn lsisfjla Wkajykafia l l:d
nialr ke;' tneka fuu l:d mqj;a weiqfrka h lsis kqula ,nd.;
yelsh' Wkajykafiaf.a fuu ; m%jD;a;sfhka Wkajykafiaf.a m%;smodj
meye,s f hehs is;' th imQK l:d mqj;la fkdjQj;a Wkajykafiaf.a
widudkH p;h Tn fj; m%oYkh lsug .;a jEhuls'
fuu lD;shg uu f;dard.;af;a Tng iqiq fhehs is;+ l:d mqj;a
muKs' wkjYH foa neyer lf<' uu f.dkq l< lreKq j,ska 70] muK
fuys wvx.= f' fndfyda lreKq .eUqre fyhska Tnf.a wjfndaOhg bjy,a
330
odhdoh
fkdfhehs is;=fj' 30] muK lreKq myiqfjka f;are .; fkdyelj

s kafka Ndjkd w;alS neks' idudkH ckhdg th l=;=y,hla h yelsh'
tneka th w;ayf<' tfia jqj;a iuyr lreKq fuu .%ka:fha wvx.=
lf<' ta ms<sn| h ms<sirhla ud ;=< we;' tajd w;ayeug mqoa.,sl
;snQ leue;a; ud nf,kau bj; oud we;=<;a lf<' iuyr lreKq bm;a
lsug fkdyels nj uu jgyd .;s'
wdpdh ukaf.a ; l:dj b;d pu;aldr" woaN;
+ iso
a kaf.ka fukau
ir, ,laIKfhka mmQKh' wo f,dalfha fujeks p;hla fiu W.ygh'
nqoaO ld,Sk ry;ka jykafia,d ms<sUq f' uu Wkajykafiaf.ka Ou_h
wid we;' Wkajykafia f.a wudkqIsl .=K .ek mqu fj' nqrcdKka
jykafiaf.a Y%djl msi fuka wmo tu Ou_h wid mqu wiajeiSula ,oafouq'
Ou_h kue;s wudjeiafika wms kEfjuq'
Wkajykafiaf.a Ou_ {dKh .ek lSug ug fkdyels neka ,ecdjg
m;afj' ud OQ;dx. NslaIqjla jqjo Wkajykafia bfha ud jHdc rmEula
f,i fka' fydfrka iiqka .; OQ;dx. NslaIqjla f,i fmkS ik
m%;srEmldhlao@ uf.a fkdkqj;alu ksid Wkajykafiaf.a lS;s kduhg
h lsis le,,la ffodahs uu ks;r l,amkd lr' tu lS;skduh wms
iodl,a iqrlaIs;j ;eh hq;=h' uq, uu i|yka l< m fuu ; l:
dj tl, is ry;kajykafia,d nqoaO p;h ,shQ wkaoug ,sug woyia
lf<' kuq;a uu uy;a wmyiqjlg yd ,ecdjlg m;ajkafka f l:
dj fujeks lD;Hhlg i,k l:d ffY,sfhka ,sug wfmdfydi;a u
.ekh' tkuq;a ug yels muK Yla;sfhka fuh ,Sfj' thska Tn iEySulg
m;afkdjQfha k ug iudjk f,i b,a,'
ka fuu ; l:dj ksu lr' fuys h m%udo fodaI we;ak" jer
f,i bm;a lr we;ak ta ms<sn| kej;;a iudj whkafka wdpdh
ukaf.ks' Wkajykafia uf.a wdorKSh msh;=ud f' uu Wkajykafiaf.a isiq
mq;%fhla fj' ud ;=< Ou_h Wmojd we;af;a Wkajykafiah' fu;a;d lreKd
n,fhka Tn ieug i;=g iduh ,efjd Tn ;=, Y%oaOdj mska we;su ksid
Wkajykafiaf.a wmdf .uka lsug yelsfjd ;dhs,ka;h fkka k
iuDoau;a fjka lsish i;=re jHikhlska mSvd fkdfjd iajNdl
m;ska foajd ;dhs cd;slhska ksrka;rfhka nn,j;ajd
ud jk.; jQ le,E mirhlg weneys jQ flfkla' tneka
uf.a lD;Hh Ydia;S%h fkdjk nj ms<s.ks' fuys wka;.; lreKq yd
331
bm;alsu kHdhdkql+, fkdu .ek uu kej;;a iudj wh' uf.a

;h yeisu" p;h" le,E mirhg mqre jQ ksid W.;a iudchg i,k
f,i mj;kh l< fkdyels fj' uf.a kQ.;alu ksid fuu .%ka:h
lka lv ms<sfj,la ke;sj fkd.e,fmk iajNdjhla we;' mdGl Tng
fkdmeye,s mqkrela; wdfhka fjfyig m;ajf
Q hahs is;' tneka uf.a
wvqyq~ql .ek fu;r iudj wh'
fuu l:d mqj; ,sug fmr uu fndfyda ld,hla f ms<sn| iqmlaIdfjka l,amkd lf<' tneka fkdfhla wdpdhjre yuq ta wh
wdpdh uka ms<sn| rE u; pdf,' tu wdpdhjre wdpdh ukaf.
a f.da, msi jQ ksid b;d lsgq inkaO;djhla ;snqKs' wka;sf uuo
Wkajykafiaf.a weiqka ,nd.;a lreKq bm;a lf<' f i|yd wjqre
.Kkdjla lreKq tl;= lf<' tfy;a tu lreKq f.dkq lsf wkql%uh
iy wkqms<sfj, fndfyda g fj,S meg,S wjq,aiy.; h' fuh mdGl Tng
fjfyila jQ nj ksielh'
fuu p; l:df imQK j.lSu uu Ndr.ks' uf.a j_,l
.ek ug iEfyk wjfndaOhla we;s neka Tnf.a fpkd;aul woyia
lau .ek i;=gqfj' tfukau Tnf.a isf;a we;sjQ i;=g m%ldY lsuo
ug jeo.;a fj;a' ulaksido h;a fuu fmd;a b;d iq jQ fyda fiajhla is
lsu ksid ug Yd, l=Y,;djhla we;sjk nj k.ekSug yelsuhs'
fuu mqia;lh ,shd ,nd.;a msk Tn ieug yd ug Wo Wmldr l<
ieug taldldrj ,efjd' l;_D jYfhka uu b,a,d iskafka wdpdh ukaf.a
kduh Tn u;lfha fkdiekfik f.!rj Nla;s m%Kduhla fjd hkakhs'
wjidk jYfhka nqoaO" Ou" ix> hk r;ak;%fha wdkqNdjfhka o
wdph uka f.a wdkqNdjfhkao uf.a iS,d .=Khkaf.a wdkqNdjfhkao mdGl
Tn iqjm;a fjd' YS%imdo .%ka: m%ldYlhkaf.a wm%;sy; ffOhh ksid
ud fldgia jYfhka iemhQ w;a msgm; uqK fodaI rys;j h:d ld,fha
t<slajQ nj ia;+;smQjlj i|yka lr' lsisgl t;=uka,d ug fuys
Ialr;djh .ek meKs,a,la lr ke;' ta iefjdu ksla ksfrda.s fj;ajd
W;= ksjkska iekfi;ajd
q
332
odhdoh
Wm.%ka:h I
fkdfhla iel j,g ms<s;=re
wdpdh uka f.a ; l:dj uq,skau uqK.; jQ g Wkajykafiaf.
a phH_dj" ;h" ms<sfj;a ms<sn| fndfyda whf.a iel iys; fpk
wdpdh uyd nQjd fj; fhduq h' ry;kajykafia ms<sn| fndfyda
ld,hla rE u;su;dka;r wkqj h h m%jD;a;s ieif|kafka ke;s nj
Tjqka lSy' wdpdh uyd nQjd tu m%Yakj,g blauka ms<s;=re iemhQy'
uq,skau idudkH ksidf.a bJshkag f.dre jQ iuq;s i;Hfhka b;d
.eUqre wiajdNdl kqu ukskag ne nj myod kay' md<s NdIdj
k W.;a mKa; W.;=ka fmd; mf;a i|yka kqjK j,g iSud we;'
tfy;a fn!oaO Ndjkd ;=<ska w;aolsk wkka; kqu ta whg ke;' ta
m%dfhda.sl Ndjkd hqKqj ke;s neks'
wdpdh uka ks;ru ;u YsIHhskag m%ldY lf,a ;uka jykafiag wjfndaO jk Ou_ lreKq wkka; wm%udK nj;a ta ish,a, jpfkdaoa.; lsug
fkdyels nj;ah' Wkajykafiagj;a woyd.; fkdyels ia; foa ks;r
olskag ,enqKs' tu wkqidrfhka Wkajykafia ;=< lsish ielhla ke;s
nj;a nqoaOd ry;=ka jykafia,df.a kqu lshd ksul< fkdyels nj;a
th is;Sug mjd fkdyels nj;a mejiSh'
md<s ;s%msglfha i|yka Ou_h l=vd nkl we;s c,h jeksh' tys
i|yka fkdjQ Ou_ uyd id.r c,h yd iudkhehs wdpdh uka mejiSh' nqrcdKkajykafiaf.a mksjdKfhka wjqre ish.Kka .;jQ
miq ;s%msglh ilia jQ nj ms<s.; hq;=h' fuh n,j;a fojdplhls'
miqld,Sk .%ka: l;_Djrekaf.a u;s u;dka;r yd fjk;a whf.a oDIa
fuys .%ka:drEV we;' tneka wm lrd meK we;s ksldh .%ka: .ek
iEySulg m;ah fkdyelsh' th imQK nqoaO jpkh f,i ms<s.;
fkdyelsh'
wdpdh uka ks;r mejiqf nqoaO jpkh' tk nqka jykafiaf.a Ou_
foaYkdj w;sYhska ia; jQ w;s mdY=oaO ;a; ika;dkhlska .,d tk
w;smdY=oaO ksjer tldka; i;H;djhla neka wid isk fndfyda
fokdg u.a. M, ,nd.ekSu myiq jQ njhs' tjeks wjHdc" mru i;Hh
Ou_h nqrcdKka jykafia fyda ry;ka jykafia,d foaYkd lrk g
333
th myiqfjka wjfndaO wid is whf.a isf;a Yd, mhdihla

isu mquhla fkdf' tys woyi yoj; f.j;aj kso hhs'
kuq;a ;s%msglh wms bf.k lgmdv l< hq;=h' lsisfjla ;s%msglh
fufia bf.k .kakd g ud._M, j,g meK weoao@ iQ;% weiSfuka
fyda icdhkd lsfuka u.M, ,ndweoao@ fuhska woyia lrkafka
;s%msglfhka jevla ke; hkak fkdf' nqoaO jpkfhka lshk Ou_h yd
ii|d n,k l, th t;r id:l fkdjk njhs'
ud lshk foa idjOdkj wi;ajd' nqjok nq uqLhlska foaYkd lsf
wdYaphH_ k wid iskakkaf.a flf<ia reuhs' th ish la keiSuls'
f Ou_h foaYkd lrk yeu gu nqjre fuu wdYaphH_ mEy' th b;d
Yla;su;a ;=kaf,dalhu lmdjk i;H;djhls' tneka fn!oaO mskaj;=ka
fmd;g iSud lgmdv lr fkdfhla u;su;dka;r j,g nei .ekSu
udkd oDIa we;sug bjy,a f' f wh p;=rdhH_ i;Hh ;u is; lh
;=<ska wjfndaO lsu fjkqjg nqjok bf.k mdvlr th ;udf.
a mqoa.,sl whs;shla f,i wdrlaId lr;s' Ou_h fufia bf.k wkqkag;a
lshd ;uka Ou_Orfhla f,i fmkS ish;a flf<ia wyi Wig ;u
ika;dkfha we;sh yelsh'
Tn i;s m[a[dfjka wdrlaId h hq;=h' Ou_h bf.k f.k th ;ud
iu wks;a w;anjg /f.k .sh fkdyelsh' ta kqu fuysu wfydais f' nqoyu bf.kSu fyda b.ekau .ek uu fpkh fkdlr'
Ou_h b;d jeo.;ah' tfy;a th YS% uqLfhka foaYkd lrK nq jok
;r Yla;su;a ke;' nq jofka tjeks w;smdY=oaO ukialdka; mqu
iajr .e,mSu o woyio fl;r pu;aldr fo@ ta nq flfkl=f.a w;s
mdY=oaO is;ska mek k.sk iQjdiq oyila Ou_ ialkaOhls' iQis fl,
,laI.Kka uyd jr iudm;a;s {dKfhka jodrK nq nK miqld,Skj
,Sf ry;kajykafia,d iska muKla hehs wm woykafka flfiao@ h
h u;su;dka;r nqjok f,i ry;a fkdjQ wh iska .%ka:drEV lr
we;s nj is;sh yelshZZ
f wdpdh ukaf.a foaYkdj, idrdxYh f'
ry;ka jykafia,d meK wdpdh uka iu Ou_h idlPd lr we;s
nj;a ksjka wjfndaO l< h mjd ldh idlaIsfhka fmkajd we;s nj;a
i|yka f' ;s%msglfha i|yka fkdjQ fndfyda Ou_ fldgia ;sh yels
nj wm ms<s.;a g Ou_h m%dfhda.slj mqre lsf ,efnk w;alS
;sh yelsnj ms<s.; hq;=h' ry;kajykafia,d Ou_h wjfndaO lf<a h
334
odhdoh
h fmd;am;a bf.kSfuka fkdf' Wkajykafia,d w;alSfuka Ndjkd

ms<sfj;a ;=<ska idlaId;a l< Ou_h b;du i;H h hq;=h' th jer
hehs iu; lsu uq ;s%msglhu jer hehs lSuls' ry;kajykafia,d
ix>r;akhg wh;a uyd Ou_ ixfla;hls' tneka wms irK huq' Tn
irK hkafka f w;s W;= nqoaO Ou ix> hk f;rejkao ke;ak
fmd; mf;a i|yka jQ h iaj,am lreKq Tng jegySug wkqj i;Hh
hehs Tf ms<s.ekSuo@ hfula m%fika ;u wdydr wkqNj l< hq;=hs
W.=f lgqjla ysrug yelsh'
Wm.%ka:h II
;a;h - hkq kSf iajNdjhhs

wdpdh uyd nQjdf.a h foaYk ;=<ska is; ms<sn| Wmqgd.;a Ou_

lreKq fuys olajd isuq'
is; mQj_x.u f' is; hkq kSu f.k fokakls' th m%d:l" msis
kSuhs' is; hkq kSu f' fyd| krl fol kSuls' pdrd;aul
ksCIKhla bkamiq isf;a we;s flf' isf;a fuu ldhH_ iNdrh
iuyrg zzi;shZZ hkqfjka yeka f' iuyrg m%{dj kka yeka
f' tfy;a msis m%d:l ;a;fha is;s,s ke;' tys we;af;a zzkSuZZ
muKs' isf;a we;s [a[dK ks;r Wmamdo - uh jYfhka ie ie
hhs' [a[dKh ;=<ska ndysr wruqKq iamY flf' wei iy rEmh
ksid isf;a ixLdr yg.kS' bkamiq is;s,s Odrdj,a fkdlvjd ls%hd;aul
f' fuh is fkdjk g isf;a m%lD;s Yla;sh jQ zzkSuZZ muKla mj;S'
tfy;a idudkH mqoa.,hdf.a iy ry;kajykafiaf.a zzkSuZZ fjkia
f' idudkH whf.a kSu flf<ia j,ska Is; h yelsh' Kdiaj
ry;=kaf.a kSu tjeks flf<ia ke;s neka b;d msis kSuls' th
ia;h' tys i;=g wiS;h' bka ry;kajykafia,d Ydka; m%KS; ksjk
weiqre lr;s' th fkdlvjd is;ays / we;' fya;= m%;H ksid fjkia
fkdf' tjeks fjkia isjkafka idudkH mqoa., ika;dkfhah' tu
fya;=m%;H wks;H" laL" wkd;aufhka mSvdjg m;af' tjeks f,!lsl
;;a;ajhla ry;kajykafiaf.a ika;dkfha ke;' th ks;ru msisj
mj;S'
335
b;d msis jQ ta is;" kSu muKla we;s flf' fuh m%lD;s is;h
- wjidk is;h' kej; bmula ke;' tneka cd;s" crd jHd urK
ksudjlg m;af' Bg fya;=j ta ie ;snQ flf<ia bj;auh'
tjeks ;Fjhlg mefKk ;=re kej; Wmam;a;shla we;s flf' fkdfhla fokd mqkNjh Yajdi l<;a fkdl<;a" urKfhka wjidk fj;shs
WfpPo oDIahg m;ajqk;a" ta lsisjlska i;Hh fjkia fkdf' isf;a
kSu iajNdlh' th h u;su;dka;rfhka fjkia l< fkdyelsh' tla
tla oDIa ud;%fhka fjkia fkdf' lu_h yd iajNdjh hgm;a lsug
fkdyelsh'
ta ksid Wmka iFjhd urKska u;= Wmam;a;shla ,nhs' th lu_dkql+,j
fmdf<df" wyfia" c,fha iFj" fma%;" foaj n%yau jYfhka ,n;s' foaj
wd ka ksia weig fkdfmkqK;a is; tjeks mirhlg m;au
islrkafka Bg wod< lu_ fya;=fjks' lu_ hkq is; fufyhjk Yla;shhs'
lu_h iska fufyhjk ;a;h iir ieir;s' is; b;d iQCIu iajNdjhla ksid is; hkq l=ulahs wfma jpkj,ska yekau Ialrh' Ndjkd
;=<ska is; iud.;ag muKla isf;a iajNdjh fka' is; ykd.ekSug
iud jk;=re fkdyels f'
isrer ;=< is; mj;sk kuq;a is; ykd .ekSu Ialrh' th b;du
iQCIu m%fhda.ld ;;a;ajhls' Yrh mqrd ys we;' is; hkak fldgia
jYfhka fyda ls%hd jYfhka fyda ia;r l< fkdyelsh' Ndjkd fhda.
Skag f is; lh fjka jYfhka wjfndaO f' iud .; jQ is;g f
fjki ksKh l< yels jqjo iudfhka ke.S is g isf;a iajNdjh
ykd.; fkdyelsh'
is; Yrfhka fjkajqjo tys tlg ne we;s fokd i[a[d ixLdr
fjkal< fkdyelsh' th l< yelafla m%{dfjka muKs' f is; Yrfhka mndysr nj f;are .sh g zzuf.a YrhZZ hk ms<s.ekSu re
f' tfy;a isf;a fokdj" u;lh" ukisldrh" is;s,s" [a[dKh
fjka jYfhka ykd.ekSug fkdyels f' m[a[dfjka f fjkia jQ
isf;a idOl wjfndaO f' tg zzixglZZ .=Kh jQ Ou_h msysgd we;'
f mxp ialkaOhu isf;a mndysr idOl nj tg jegfya' f ;=kajk
Yaf,aIKhhs'
wjidk jYfhka wfma ishu uq,djg fya;= jQ woHdj .ek is; fhduq
f' wms woHdj jpkhla f,i k we;s kuq;a f woHdj isf;a ie
336
odhdoh
we;s wkaou fkdoksuq' we;af;kau woHdj y,dy, Yhla fuka uq is;

;=< ls|d nei we;' wmg th fkdfmkqk;a th ie we;' f wjia:
df n,j;a i;s m[a[d" h fhdod tu I bj;a l< hq;=h' wjidk
jYfhka f woHdjo is;ska ;=rka f'
isf;a ;snQ f idOl tlska tl bj;a jQ g is; ish flf,ia j,ska
msis f' f wjidk jYfhka woHdj bj;a l< g th kej;
yg.ekSula ke;' is;g we;af;a i;H jQ uls' uqla;shls' Yrh
frda.d;=r jQ g th Yrh nj f;are .kS' tneka frda. ,laIK
j,ska fm,Sula ke;' idudkH mqoa.,hdf.a Ydl frda. ksid udkisl
fm<Sula we;s f' tfy;a is; imQKfhkau ksoyia jQ uqla;sh we;s
g ta n,j;a Ydl la ksid isf;a lla ke;' isf;a i;=g ks;ru
ika;Dma;j mj;S' Yrh iy fokdj is; weiqre l< kuq;a isf;a
fldgila fkdf' tneka is; fokdj foi ndysr wruqKla f,iska
n,hs' tfyhska fokdjg is; hg;a fkdf' fufia is; iu Yrh yd
fokdf tl;=ula ke;s f' fuh jkdys isf;a woa;Sh uqla;shhs'
is; ksoyia f'
b;du;a msis ma;su;a Ndjhla we;s f is; ishu foa iamY lrhs'
ishu f,!lsl foa wks;H laL wkd;au iajNdjhg hg;a jQ kuq;a f
is; tajdhska lmd fkdf' fuu ;s,laIKhg ish foa wh;a neka
wruqKq is;g n,mdhs' tu wruqKq nUrhla fuka is; l<Ud ouhs'
tkuq;a is; ta yd iu. hka kdY fkdf' f wu; .=Kh ksid is;
taldldrj mj;S' kdY l< fkdyels neka wks;H laL wkd;aufhka
fjkia fkdf' tfiau ish Yaj Ou_;d wod< f is;g fkdf' idudkHfhka wmf.a is; iuq;s i;Hfhka wruqKq f.k ta yd inkaO
hg;a ta m%lD;s w;smsis;djh jid is' ta nj wm fkdokakd neka
Bg ji f'
flf<ia j,g ji jQ is; Wmam;a;s urKhg m;a f' tfy;a wmf.
a fudayh f flf<ia ksid we;sjk neka wmg f i;Hh fkdf;af'
Wmam;a;s urK flf<ia ksid isjkakls' wmf.a tlu .egj" m%d:
l iajNdjh k is;g iajdk ish fkdyels njhs' ta ksid jHdc
wruqKq we;a; yehg ms<s.kS' tneka isf;a m%lD;s iajNdjh hgm;a
we;' ta fjkqjg is; ji l< flf<ia" udhdldrfhla fuka lm f,i
rjgd .kS' tfia fyhska ks;ru Nh iel lg md;% f' is; j;aug
yd ueug h f' fmd fokd fyda f,dl= fokd ksid n,j;a f,i
337
lmd f' b;du iq fohlska jqjo lmd f' f ksid is; ks;ru
Nhska ieflka mSvd ' isf;a m%lD;s iajNdjh fuh kqjQj;a flf,ia
;=<ska fuh is lrhs'
is; flf,ia j,ska imQKfhkau fjka jQ g" muKla is; ksNh f'
tg Nh fyda ksNh lshd fohla ke;' isf;a iajNdl .;sh muKla
b;s f' iodld,slj lsish fohla u; r|dmj;skafka ke;' ld,h
fyda wjldYh wod< ke;' th oHudkula muKs' fuh jkdys zzienE
;a;hhsZZ' ienE ;a;h hkq ish flf<iqkaf.ka kq w;smsis
- iWmdfYI ksudK fyj;a ry;=ka jykafiaf.a is;hs' f yer wka
lsis is;la zzienE ;a;hZZ fkdf' f is; wka lsis ;;a;ajhlg iudk
ke;'
zzmN iirox NslLfj ;;x ;[p fLd wd.k;=flys
Wmllsf,fiys Wmlls,sgGxZZ hk nqoaO jpkh wx.=;a;r ksldfha i|yka f' tys woyi jkqfha uyfKks uq,a is; m%NdIajrh' th
wd.ka;=l flf<ia j,ska .ejiS .;a g ls<sgq f' fuys uq,a is; hkq
iuq;s is;hs' th m%lD;s is; fkdf' f iuq;s is; wrNhd mNiir
ox ;a;x ''''' wd jYfhka foaYkd lrk ,' th m%Ndiir jqjo
mdY=oh mrudF:_ jYfhka ke;' nqoaO foaYkdj taldka; i;Hhls' ta
ms<sn| fpkhla ke;' tfy;a nqrcdKka jykafia uq,a is; m%lD;s
is; jYfhka ykajd ke;' tfia jQfha k fujeks m%Yakhla u;= f'
zzm%lD;s is; msis k th kej; bmfokafka wehs@ ry;kajykafia
;u is; msis l< miq kej; kQmhs' tu is; uq, msis k kej;
msis lsula wjYH fkdf' tu m%Ndiajr is; msis l< yelsh'
ulaksido h;a tys mj;sk woHdj ksid m%Ndiajr ula is we;'
f m%Ndiajr is; blaujd hk Ndjkdfhda.S mskaj;d tu woHdfjka
mru uqla;sh jQ ksjk idlaYd;a lrhs' tu ry;kajykafiaf.a is;
m%Ndiajr fkdf' f fudfydf;a woa;Sh i;Hh jQ ksjk idlaYd;a
lrhs' tg is; hkq l=ulahs jegfya'
;a;h b;du msis jQ g uy;afia wdf,dalu;a jQ m%Ndiajr .;shla
we;' ksy~ mirhl fyda rd;s% ld,fhka ;u is; fujeks wdf,dalfhka
nn<hs' iud fkdjQ go f nen<Su we;' th jpkd;sl%dka; neka
ia;r l< fkdyelsh' f ishq wdf,dalh oi w; ys hhs' tg
338
odhdoh
weia lka kdid bkashkaf.ka wruqKq fkd.kS' ta fjkqjg tu isf;a

oDIHudk wdf,dalh wruqKq f' th fudaykh lsula jekak' t;r
Yla;su;aj wruqK w,a,d.kakd neks' iud fkdjQjo fuh isoaO f'
Yrhg wod, fkdjQ fuu b;du;a iQlaIu jQ kqu isf;a mj;S' is; b;d
n,j;ah' kqu t;r n,j;ah' fjk lsis wruqKla fyda m%;snhla
tys ke;' fuu kSu ysf;au iajNdjhls' f isf;a tla ,CIKhls'
fjk;a ,CIKhla we;sjkafka f is; iud.; jQ gh' tys is;s,s
fyda uk#l,ams; lsisjla ke;' ishu Ydl udkisl ls%hdj,sh
ksYap,h' yqol,d flhls' tys we;af;a isf;a zzkSZZ ud;%H muKs'
fuh b;du ;shqKq ;SlaIK kSuls' uq Yajh jid iS' wdf,dal
Odrdjla we; fyda r hd yels iSudjla we;' tfy;a f is; tfia iSud
fkdf' ,s n,anhl tys we;s zzwattZZ m%udKhg iSud jQ wdf,dalhla
ysjhs' tfy;a f isf;a ls%hdld;ajh Bg jvd yd;amiska fjkia f'
we;af;kau f is; ld,h fyda wjldY jeks ix{dj,ska ksoyiah' wE;
r < fuks' f isf;a tjeks iajNdjhla we;' uq Yajh mqrd me;s
we;s' zzkqZZ iajNdjhls' f kSu yer Yajh ;=< lsisjla ke;'
isf;a flf<ia wdjrKh ke;s neka f,dalh iqyo;ajhlska fka'
f w;smdY=oaO ;a;h jpk j,ska ia;r l< fkdyelsh' f,dalfha
we;s iuq;s i;Hh jpkfhka ia;r l< yels kuq;a iuq;sh kso
olsk mrud: i;Hh f iuq;s jpkhg iSud l< fkdyelsh'
wehs wms iuq;s is;la iy mdrud: is;la jYfhka .%y lrkafka@
f is;a follao@ ke;' tlu ;a; iajNdjhls' tfy;a is; flf<ia
yd wdid j,ska md,kh jk g tys fjkia ,laIKhls' m%{dj kue;s
fYdaOlfhka msis jQ g" tu is; flf<ia mSvdfjka pxp,
wks;H;djhg m;a fkdf' fya;= m%;Hj,g wh;a jQ wks;H laL wkd;au
,laIK tys oHudk fkdf'
flf<ia hkq wks;H laL wkd;au iajNdjhla neka iuq;s i;Hhg
wh;a f' f iuq;s iajNdjh is; wrla .;a neka tys iuq;s
,CIKh ;snQ kuq;a f flf<ia re lsf oHudk jk is; tu
iuq;sh myrKh fkdlrhs' fuh jkdys mru uqla;shhs' mru
m;%;djhhs' ish ixidl nej,ska ksoyia f' isf;a m%lD;s
zzkSuZZ tys we;s tlu iajNdjhhs'
339
Yrfha fld;ekl zzkSuZZ oHdudk fhs lsj fkdyelsh' iud.;

jQ is; ;=<ska uq, yDo jia;=j weiqre lrK njla yefa' Yd, wdf,dal
Yla;shla fuu m%foaYfhka ysfok nj fka' Ndjkdfhda.S mskaj;=ka f
nj oks;s' th fud<fha oHdudk fhehs fkdlsh;s'
tfy;a ;a; mdY=oahg m;ajQ g f flakaia:dkh w;=reoyka f'
Yrfha Wv hg isri fyda lsish ;ekl is; we;ehs lsh fkdyelsh'
tu mrud: i;Hh wm w;smdY=oaO jYfhka iuq;sfhka lsj hq;=h'
is; ka f ialkaO weiqrelr mj;sk kuq;a Y%ula ke;' f iajNdjh fjka fjka nj wjfndaO f'
idOq idOq idOq'
About the Translator in to English
Born Richard E Byrd, Jr. at Winchester in 1948 Bhikkhu
Silaratano was ordained as a Buddhist Monk at Bangkok, Thailand in
1977, Having already undergone several years of Buddhist training in India and Sri Lanka, since his ardination, he has been
resident in Thailand, practising under the tatelage of Acarya
Maha Boowa.
isxy, mj;kh
YS% ,dxlsl .re wdpdh l=iqud NslaIqkSkajykafia" Wmka jIh 1929hs'
uyK Wmimod ,enqf oUj idrdkd;ays 1996 ' f,dl fn!oaO ix>
340
iNdf idudldjla jQ t;=h bkahdf iy ,xldf mqyqKqj ,en

,xldf iqm%isoaO NslaIQkajykafia,d jQ .re n,xf.dv wdkkao ffu;s%h
kdys" lfndv iQ .re lygmsfha iqu;smd, ys" .re {dKfmdKsl
kdys" .re nr<sfha pkau ys" .re mKa; wdodj, foajis kdys"
uydpdh fyakamsgf.or {dKjdi kdys wd NslaIQkajykafia,df.
a YsIHdjls'
oHd .=rejhla f,i wjqre 12la fiajh lr t;=h YsIH;ajhla ,nd
wefuldf bkahdkd Yaj oHd,fha Molecular Biology yeoErejdh' bkamiq ,xldf YS% chjOkmqr Yaj oHd,fha 20 wjqreoaola
bx.S%is WmfoaYsldjla f,i fiajh lrk w;r md<s Wmdhlao fn!oaO
oYkh ms<sn| mYapd;a Wmd follao oY_k iQ Wmdhlao ,nd we;'
kg ,xld miaikd Ndjkd uOHia:dkfha iy T,fndvqf wdhH_ fud
uOHia:dkfha jev fjfi;s'
341

Acariya Mun A Spiritual Biography-Sinhala

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N+o;; uyd f;rekaf.

fuu mqia;lh Ouodkh msKsihs'

w;s W;a;u wdpdh

uka N+o;; uyd f;rekaf.a

wdpdh uyd nQjd [dK imfkkd

NsCLq la iS,r;k yshka

bx.S%is NdIdfjka isxy,g mj;kh

wdpdhH_ NsCLqkS l=iqud isks'

fuu mqia;lh fkd,fha fnod yeug muKs

1' uQ,sl wjh

2' uOHu wjh

3' yojf;a uqla;sh

4' hdx udhs ys jev is ld,h

u,a,j fmdr Y+rhd

5' widudkH m%Yak" nqoau;a ms<s;=re

mmQK wd;au Yajdih

6' wjidk ld,h

W!rka iu. iyjdih

7' odhdoh The Legacy

About the translations

w;smQckSh wdpdhH_ uka N+o;; f;reka

hqKqj W;aidyhlska wkka; ndOl ysyer uOHfha is l< hq;=h'

wjidk ld,fha fndfyda whf.a ms<s.ekSug m;a h' th Wkajykafiaf.a

wkka; wm%udK we;s nj is;sh yelsh' tajd fN!;sl ugfuka ksrdjrKh

umfkkd yshka fYa%IaG ia:dkhla orhs' Wkajykafiaf.a foaYkd jkaf.a

ffY,Sh iy woa;Sh mqyqKqj ksid iEu ;rd;srfu mqoa.,hkaf.a f.!rj

m%{dj hqKq lsuhs' th b;du m%dfhda.sl myiq ms<sfj;a ud.hls' Ndjkd

me wdpdhH_jre yd YsIHhka .Kkdjlf.a mfhaIKd;aul ks.uk wkqj

ful, f,dalfha my< jQ w;s W;a;u miaikd Ndjkd .=rejreka

w;=frka w;s fY%aIaG .Kfha .=rejrfhla f,i ;u YsIHhskaf.a m%Yxidjg

w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;

w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;

Wkajykafia tu jdykhg ke.S fial' iefklska tu lUh we f.dia l

w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;

f isoahg fya;= we;' NsCIQka jykafia,d Ndjkd fhda.Sj .uka

w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;

kej;;a ;u lh foi iQCIu wkaoka m[a[dfjka fokh l<y'

w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;

wf.Sh" ksNS;h' ks;ru wkka;hg hhs' tla gl uy;a Hhfhka

Wkajykafia Ndjkd lrK wjia:df k .;af;ah' tk iud inq

w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;

ke;fyd;a fmdf<dfjys ls|d nei fkdfhla foa wruqKq lrhs' fkdfhla

W.ygh' uf.a u;lfha yehg fuia i|yka lr' zzWkajykafia w;s

w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;

a rf fld kS uia lk kuq;a ;dhs rf fld kS uia fkdl;s' Tjqka

w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;

w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;

fj;s' krl .;s we;s iaiS, ksiaiq o ug h fj;s' uf.a ;o udkh yd

w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;

wukqIHfhl=f.a is; fjkia lr Y%oaOd Nla;s iumkakj f;rejka irK

fkdaohls' zzf.dafla f.daflaZZ zzfyka fyka" jkag mkskag tmdZZ bkamiq

w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;

idudkH ksid fmd <uhska fuks' fmd <uhskag jeyshka.a

;=ka klg miq .sys odhlfhla wdpdHh ukaf.a l=hg meKs

w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;

ksidg;a tfiauhs' h msklska ksi;a nj ,enqj;a fndfyda wl=i, mdl

Y%djl ry;ka jykafia,d

w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;

flf<ia rel< yelsh' ;ud .kakd wdydrh fyd|dldr m%;HdflaId

ysmsg j;ajk ish i;a;ajhska w;=frka ksid jvdu nqoau;ah'

w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;

jykafia,df.a Ouh Y%jKh lsug yelsh' tfyhska idld .,a.=ydj

w;s W;a;u wdpdhH_ uka N+o;;