Matrice - exercitii

2.a)

1 2 2 4

A = 4 5 8 10
3 1 6 2

d 31 = 4

d 32 = 4

10

2
=5

2
8

4
10

d 33

1
2

d 34 = 5

10

=30 +48 +8 30 48
8 =0

=
10 +
16 +60 60
10
16 =0

=32 +20 +
180

32
120

20 =0

=32 +20 +
120

32
120

20 =0

rang A<3

d 21 =

1 2
4 5

= 5 8 = 3

=>rang a=2.
b)

A=

1 2 3

2 1 2
4 2 4

3 6 9

1 2 3
d 31 = 2
1
2
1 4 2 2 4
d 21 =
2 1
1 2 3

rang a <3

d 33 = 2
3

1 2
6 9

d21=1+4=5 0

=0

d 32

1
= 4
3
2

=0

d 34 = 4
3

2 3
2 4
6 9
1

2
=0

2 4
6 9

=>rang A=2

c)

1 22

A = 1 3 0 C
2 3

d=9++6+6=21+
1.dac -21 rang A=3.
2.dac = -21 rang A<3

1 2
d1 =
1 3

= 3+ 2 = 5

=>rang A =2

3.a)

A=

2 1

4 1
2 1
3 1

2 0

0 3 0
1 1 1

3 9 1

3
d 41 =

2 1

4 1
2 1
3 1

=0

0 3
1 1
3 9

c1 - 2c4
c2 + c4
c3 - c4

1
d 41 =

4 3

10 2
0
0
21 8

3 3
0 1
12 9

1 4
d 41 = 10 2
21 8

3
3
12

1 1
d 41 = 6 10 1
21 4

d 41 = 6 19

1 9
2 17

c2+2*c1
c3 - c1

1
0
d 41 = 6 10 19
21 38

0
9
17

d=6*19=114.
d 0.
=>rang A=4.
b)

A=

1
0

1
1

0
1

0
0

d 41 =

1
0

1
1

0
1

0
0

1
1
1

0
0
1

c3-c1

1
d 41 =
0
0

1
1
0

1
1
1

0
0
1

1
d 41 = 1
0

c2+c1

d 41 =

2
1

0
=2
1

1
1
4

1
d 41 = 1
0

0
2
1

0
0
1

=>rang A=4.
c)

A=

d 41 =

0
3
0

2
2
2

0
0
0

0 3

2 0
3 2

2 0

0
3
0

2
2
2

0
0
0

2
3
2

=0

=>rang(A)<4

3
d 31 = 0
3

0
2
2

3
0
0

= 18

=>rang (A)=3.
4.a)

A=

5
1
1
3

0
3 3
1
1 1 4 1

4
3 2 9
4

d 42 =

2
2
2

0
0
0

2
3
2

0
2
0

=0

d11=5 0 => rang(A) 1

5 4
= 4 = >rang ( A) 2
1 0
5 4 2
d 31 = 1 0 3 = 2 + 12 + 15 + 4 = 29 = >rang ( A) 3
1 1 1
d 21 =

5 4 2 2
5 4
1 0 3 3 1 0
d 41 =
=
1 1 1 4
1 1
3 4 3 2
3 4

13
0
4
6

17
0
=
7
7

4 13
1 4
4 6

13
1 =
11

16 * 7 6 * 17 + 28 * 13 16 * 17 7 * 24 + 7 * 13 = 455 160 102 168 = 25 = >

rang ( A) = 4
b)

A=

1
5
6 12
10
2

2 3
3 7
7
1

d11=3 0 =>rang A 1.

d 21 =

5
8

10

3 2
= 15 + 2 = 17 = >rang ( A) 2
1 5

4.a)

3 2 0
d 31 = 1 5 2 = 45 + 24 + 72 + 6 = 30 + 117 = 147 = >rang ( A) 3
6 12 3
3 2 0 1
0
0 0 1
0
0
0
1
10 1 2
1
2
31 52 02 43
10 31 219
2 03 13
d 41 =
=
=
7
2
7
3
= 7*0 = 0
19

13
2
6
1 12
5 32 75
2=
1 548
27 30
6
6
27
3

d
=
3
=
306
d 41 =
= l 4 l1
=
1
48
30
3 14 6 12 3 14 1 0
6

12
3

8
10 2 7 1
7
0 10
7 1 2
7
10
2
7
0
10 2 7 10
10 2 7 0

d 0 =>rang(A)=4.
7.S se afle pt.ca matricea A are rangul minim:

A=

2 1
3 2
3
7 5

c1-2c2
c3-c2
c4-3c2

1 3

1 4
5 3

3 1

0
1 0
0
1 3 2
1
3 2
1
2 3 2
d=
= 6 2 12 = + 11 10 4 =
6 3 2 12
17
8 16
16
5 14
17 5 8 16
=140+12*16+10+110-20*16-20+42(+11)
pt =-45/4 =>grad minim=3.
8.S se calculeze rangul :

2 2 2

A = 4 1 2 5
2 10 12 1

2 2
d1 = 4 1 2 = 24 + 4 2 80 4 40 + 48 = 4 2 + 8 60 = 2 + 2 15
2 10 12
=64

1,2=-1+-4
pt =3 sau =-5 =>rang(A)=2
pt 3 sau -5 => rang(A)=3

2 2
d1 = 1 2 5
10 12 1
=162

= 2 2 + 24 100 40 + 60 2 = 2 2 + 20 78 = 2( 2 + 10 39) = 0

pt =1/13 sau =-1/3 =>rang(A)=2

pt 1/13 sau -1/3 => rang(A)=3