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The relationship between the number of particles, number of moles, mass of substances and volume of gases Solve these numerical problems 1. What is the volume of 0.3 mole of sulphur dioxide gas at STP? [Molar volume: 22.4 dm3 mol-1 at STP]

(Ans: 6.72 dm3) 2. Find the number of moles of oxygen gas contained in a sample of 120 cm3 of the gas at room conditions. [Molar volume: 24 dm3 mol-1 at room conditions]

(Ans: 0.005 mol) 3. Calculate the number of water molecules in 90 g of water, H2O. [Relative atomic mass: H, 1; O, 16. Avogadro constant, NA: 6.02 x 1023 mol-1]

(Ans; 3.01x 1024 molecules) 4. What is the volume of 24 g methane ,CH4 at STP? [Relative atomic mass: H, 1; C, 12. Molar volume: 22.4 dm3 mol-1 at STP]

(Ans: 33.6 dm3)

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5.

How many aluminium ions are there in 20.4 g of aluminium oxide, Al2O3? [Relative atomic mass: O, 16; Al, 27. Avogadro constant, NA: 6.02 x 1023 mol-

(2 x 0.2 x 6.02 x1023) 6. Calculate the number of hydrogen molecules contained in 6 dm3 of hydrogen gas at room conditions. [Molar volume: 24 dm3 mol-1 at room conditions Avogadro constant, NA: 6.02 x 1023 mol-1]

(Ans: 1.505x1023 molecules) 7. Find the volume of nitrogen in cm3 at STP that consists of 2.408 x 1023 nitrogen molecules. [Molar volume: 22.4 dm3 mol-1 at STP. Avogadro constant, NA: 6.02 x 1023 mol-1]

(Ans: 8.96 dm3 )

DO IT YOURSELF!!!!!! CHEMICAL FORMULAE 8. Find the empirical formula of a compound Example of calculation: a) When 11.95 g of metal X oxide is reduced by hydrogen, 10.35 g of metal X is produced. Find the empirical formula of metal X oxide [ RAM; X,207; O,16 ] Element Mass of element(g) Number of moles of atoms Ratio of moles Simplest ratio of moles Empirical formula : b) A certain compound contains the following composition: Na 15.23%, Br 52.98% , O 31.79%, [ RAM : O, 16; Na, 23; Br,80] (Assume that 100g of substance is used) Element Mass of element(g) Number of moles atoms Ratio of moles Simplest ratio of moles Na 15.23 15.23 23 Br 52.98 52.9880 O 31.79 31.7916 X 10.35 10.35207 O 11.95-10.35 (11.95-10.35)16

Empirical formula:: . c) 2.52g of a hydrocarbon contains 2.16 g of carbon. The relative molecular mass of the hydrocarbon is 84. [RAM H,1; C,12] i. Find the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon H C Element Mass of element(g) Number of moles atoms Ratio of moles Simplest ratio of moles ii.

Find the molecular formula of the carbon.