Mc lc Excel 2010

Thm tnh nng Sparkline ..........................................................................................6 Tnh nng Slicers.........................................................................................................7 nh dng d liu c iu kin....................................................................................8 PivotTables v PivotCharts .......................................................................................10 Share Workbook .......................................................................................................10 Ni dung chnh.......................................................................................................... 10 Chng 1: Lm Quen Vi Microsoft Excel............................................................10 Gii thiu Excel ..................................................................................................10 Excel l g:.......................................................................................................10 Ribbon l g?....................................................................................................15 S dng thc n ng cnh (shortcut menu)...................................................16 M Excel, ng Excel, phng to, thu nh ca s.................................................17 Phng to, thu nh ca s Excel........................................................................17 Thu nh ca s Excel.......................................................................................18 Phng to ca s Excel......................................................................................18 Thot khi Excel..............................................................................................18 1.3. Thao tc vi v vng.................................................................................18 Nhn dng v vng (cells, range)..................................................................18 Chn vng.......................................................................................................19 Sao chp v di chuyn vng............................................................................19 Dn c bit (Paste Special)............................................................................20 t tn vng....................................................................................................21 Thm ch thch cho .......................................................................................22 Chn, xa , dng v ct.................................................................................23

Thay i rng ct v chiu cao dng...........................................................25 Ni (Merge) v b ni cc (Split)...................................................................27 Chuyn mt ni v li nhiu ..................................................................27 1.4. Di chuyn trong bng tnh v s dng phm tt...........................................27 Thanh cun dc, thanh cun ngang.................................................................28 Thanh Sheet tab..............................................................................................28 S dng cc t hp phm tt di chuyn.......................................................29 1.5 Thao tc vi workbook.................................................................................30 To mi workbook ...........................................................................................30 Lu workbook..................................................................................................32 ng workbook................................................................................................34 Sp xp workbook............................................................................................34 1.6. Thao tc vi worksheet................................................................................35 Chn thm worksheet mi vo workbook.........................................................35 i tn worksheet............................................................................................36 Xa worksheet.................................................................................................36 Sp xp th t cc worksheet..........................................................................36 Sao chp worksheet.........................................................................................37 Chn mu cho sheet tab..................................................................................37 n/ Hin worksheet..........................................................................................38 1.7 S dng cc ch hin th trong qu trnh thao tc.................................38 S dng thanh Zoom.......................................................................................39 Xem v so snh worksheet trong nhiu ca s................................................39 Chia khung bng tnh lm nhiu phn v c nh vng tiu ........................40 S dng Watch Window...................................................................................41 Chng 2: Lm vic vi d liu trong Excel...............................................................41

2.1. Nhp liu, hiu chnh...................................................................................41 Nhp liu.........................................................................................................41 Nhp cc k t c bit...................................................................................43 Hiu chnh ni dung.........................................................................................44 Nhp ln c sn ni dung.........................................................................44 S dng cc k thut khi nhp liu..................................................................45 2.2. nh dng....................................................................................................48 nh dng chung............................................................................................. 48 Bng v nh dng bng (table).......................................................................56 S dng mu nh dng ti liu (Document Themes).......................................58 2.3 Tm v thay th d liu ................................................................................59 2.4 Sp xp v lc d liu...................................................................................60 Chng 3: Gii Thiu V S Dng Cc Hm...............................................................63 3.1 Gii thiu cng thc v hm:........................................................................63 Gii thiu cng thc (Formula).........................................................................63 Gii thiu hm (Function) ................................................................................65 Nhp cng thc v hm .................................................................................66 Tham chiu trong cng thc ..........................................................................68 Cc li thng dng (Formulas errors) .............................................................70 3.2 Cc hm trong excel.....................................................................................71 a. Nhm hm v thng k................................................................................71 b. Nhm hm v phn phi xc sut................................................................73 c. Nhm hm v tng quan v hi quy tuyn tnh..........................................75 d. Cc hm ti chnh - financian functions .......................................................76 e. Danh mc cc Cc Hm Qun l C s d liu v Danh sch.......................80 f. HM TON HC V LNG GIC..................................................................97

g. HM X L VN BN V D LIU...............................................................110

I.

Nhng im mi trong Microsoft Excel 2010

1. Chc nng Backstage View Giao din ribbon ca Office 2010 c a vo tt c cc ng dng trong gi Office 2010. Cng c Backstage View c truy cp qua phm Office (gc trn bn tri), h tr s dng cc tc v nh lu ti liu hoc in n.

Thanh nh hng bn tri ca Backstage View cha nhiu lnh, nh cho php ai sa ti liu, kch c file...

Thm tnh nng Sparkline

Excel lun c d liu th v biu rt phong ph m t d liu v xu hng. Vi Excel 2010, Microsoft b sung thm mt tnh nng mi - Sparklines. Tnh nng ny cho php ngi dng t mt th c nh (mini) hay mt dng nhn nh khuynh hng trong mt (cell). Sparklines l cch nhanh nht v n gin nht thm thnh phn th hin th vo mt cell.

Sparkline l cch hu ich thm mt yu t trc quan nhanh v gn.

Tnh nng Slicers

Slicers l mt trong nhng tnh nng trong Excel 2010 c th gip bn gii thch d liu ca bn d dng hn. Mt cch nhanh chng, bn c ci nhnh trc quan su thng qua s lng ln d liu.

V d, bn c th s dng Slicers lc thng qua cc d liu ca bn v c th nhanh chng tm thy nhng thng tin c lin quan

Khi d liu trong bng tr (Pivot Table) thay i, Slicer s t ng c cp nht.

nh dng d liu c iu kin

Chc nng conditional format mi bao gm nhi kiu nh dng v icons v kh nng t sng ch nhng mc c ch nh nh gi tr ln nht, nh nht .. vi ch 1 c click chut y l chc nng rt hay trong Excel 2010. Nu bn c mt bng vi nhiu s liu khc nhau, thng thng nh gi d liu, chng ta thng dng cc hm rt trch v lc d liu. Tuy nhin, vi chc nng ny, bn khng cn dng hm, cng khng cn ly d liu ra khi bng m vn c th nh gi chnh xc d liu qua cch lm ni bt cc theo mt iu kin nh sn. Thc hin nh sau: qut chn mt ct hoc dng d liu cn nh gi, sau bm nt Conditional Formatting, mt menu hin ra vi cc ty chn: Kiu nh gi sng lc: Kiu nh gi ny s sng lc d liu ca bn ngay ti trong bng ch khng phi trch ring ra ngoi nh cc phin bn Excel trc y. Chng trnh thc hin sng lc ti ch bng cch lm ni bt ln nhng ng vi iu kin hoc quy lut do bn quy nh. Sau y l hai nhm quy lut chnh: Highlight Cells Rules: lm ni bt cc theo mt trong cc iu kin: Greater Than... (ln hn), Less Than... (nh hn), Equal To (bng) mt gi tr so snh no , Between (gia 2 gi tr), Text that Contains ( ch c cha chui k t quy nh), A Date Occurring (theo qung thi gian), Duplicate Values ( d liu trng nhau). Khi bn chn xong mt iu kin lm ni bt, s xut hin mt hp thoi yu cu bn nhp gi tr cn so snh v mu t ni bt cho ph hp vi iu kin so snh . Xong, bn bm OK chng trnh thc thi trong bng tnh. - Top/Bottom Rules: quy lut ny gm cc iu kin: Top 10 Items (nh du 10 c gi tr ln nht), Top 10% (nh du 10% s c gi tr ln nht), tng t vi Bottom 10 Items v Bottom 10%, Above Average ( c gi tr ln hn gi tr trung bnh ca ct/hng), Below Average ( c gi tr nh hn gi tr trung bnh ca ct/hng). Khi bn chn nh gi theo d liu hng Top hoc Bottom, mt hp thoi yu cu bn nhp s cn lm ni, chng hn nh Top 10 hay 20, Top 10% hay 20%... l ty bn tinh chnh, sau bm OK hon tt. Kiu nh gi hin th mc :

- Data Bars: bn bm chn kiu nh gi ny, chn mt mu ng trong menu hin ra. Khi , trong vng d liu ca bn s xut hin ct mu nh gi mc d liu gip bn d dng so snh cng nh nhn ra s tng gim ca s liu nhp vo. Ct mu cng di th s liu ca bn cng c gi tr cao, ngc li l nhng gi tr thp. - Color Scales: kiu nh gi ny s t mu cho cc d liu theo 3 mu khc nhau, ng vi mi mu l mc thp, trung bnh v mc cao. Khi chn nhm Color Scales, bn hy chn mt nhm mu bn thch trong menu hin ra v s thy chng trnh p dng ln vng chn ca bn. Bn cng c th to quy lut mu theo mnh bng cch chn Color Scales > More Rules. - Icon Sets: bm chn Icon Sets, chn mt nhm biu tng mong mun, chng trnh s t ng t cc biu tng trc d liu ca bn, gip bn c ci nhn trc quan v bng tnh. V d du biu th s liu mc cao nht, du biu th s liu mc trung bnh, v du biu th s liu thp di c mc trung bnh, ng bo ng. Mi biu tng ng vi mt mc , chng trnh s t ng tnh ton gi tr trung bnh ca ton ct hoc dng ang so snh v tin hnh t biu tng thch hp vo tng theo gi tr phn trm m t c so vi mc chung ca c ct hoc dng. Bn c th nh li quy lut nh gi ny bng cch chn More Rules trong nhm Icon Sets. Ngoi nhng kiu nh dng c iu kin trn, bn c th to ring cho mnh nhng quy lut nh gi khc bng cch bm nt Conditional Formatting > New Rule, tuy nhin vic ny rt mt thi gian. Tt nht bn nn s dng nhng quy lut c sn m Excel cung cp rt y cho bn. Khi bn khng va vi cc nh dng chn, xa chng m khng mt d liu, bn bm Conditional Formatting > Clear Rules, chn mt trong cc kiu xa nh Clear Rules from: Selected Cells (ch xa trong ct chn), Entire Sheet (xa trong c sheet), This Table (ch xa trong bng ang x l). C th ni nhm cng c nh dng ny ca Excel 2010 rt th v, n cho php chng ta to ra nhng bng tnh c trnh by rt khoa hc v bt mt. c bit nht l tnh t ng cao, giao din bng tnh p v kh nng nh gi, sng lc d liu chun xc v c o. Chc chn khi s dng chc nng ny, bn s thy hng th hn rt nhiu khi x l d liu v tnh ton trong Excel.

PivotTables v PivotCharts
Ging nh PivotTables, PivotCharts cng c thc hin mt cch d dng trong giao din mi ny. Tt c nhng ci thin mi v vic lc c cung cp cho PivotCharts. Khi bn to mt PivotChart, cc cng c PivotChart c bit v cc menu ni dung c cung cp bn c th phn tch d liu trong biu . Bn cng c th thay i layout, style v nh dng ca biu hoc cc thnh phn khc ca n theo cng mt cch m bn c th thc hin cho cc biu thng thng. Trong Office Excel 2010, vic nh dng biu m bn p dng c duy tr khi thay i sang PivotChart, iu ny l mt b sung nng cp theo cch m n lm vic trong cc phin bn Excel trc y. Share Workbook

Microsoft Excel 2010 c th tch hp vi SharePoint cung cp cc cng c qun l ni dung d hiu, thun tin cho vic chia s kinh nghim, tri thc, nng cao nng sut lm vic nhm. Ni dung chnh Chng 1: Lm Quen Vi Microsoft Excel Gii thiu Excel Excel l g: Microsoft Excel l mt phn mm hay l mt chng trnh ng dng, m khi chyr chng trnh ng dng ny s to ra mt bng tnh v bng tnh ny gip ta d dng hn trong vic thc hin:

 nh ton i s, phn tch d liu T Lp bng biu bo co, t chc danh sch Truy cp cc ngun d liu khc nhau V th v cc s T ng ha cc cng vic bng cc macro V nhiu ng dng khc gip chng ta c th phn tch nhiu loi hnh bi ton khc nhau. Workbook: Trong Excel, mt workbook l mt tp tin m trn bn lm vic (tnh ton, v th, ) v lu tr d liu. V mi workbook c th cha nhiu sheet (bng tnh), do vy bn c th t chc, lu tr nhiu loi thng tin c lin quan vi nhau ch trong mt tp tin (file). Mt workbook cha rt nhiu worksheet hay chart sheet ty thuc vo b nh my tnh ca bn. Worksheet: Cn gi tt l sheet, l ni lu tr v lm vic vi d liu, n cn c gi l bng tnh. Mt worksheet cha nhiu (cell), cc c t chc thnh cc ct v cc dng. Worksheet c cha trong workbook. Mt Worksheet cha c 16,384 ct v 1,048,576 dng (phin bn c ch cha c 256 ct v 65,536 dng). Chart sheet: Cng l mt sheet trong workbook, nhng n ch cha mt th. Mt chart sheet rt hu ch khi bn mun xem ring l tng th. Sheet tabs: Tn ca cc sheet s th hin trn cc tab t ti gc tri di ca ca s workbook. di chuyn t sheet ny sang sheet khc ta ch vic nhp chut vo tn sheet cn n trong thanh sheet tab.

Cc thnh phn ca Workbook Excel 2010 dng nh dng tp tin mc nh l .XLSX (da trn chun XML gip vic trao i d liu gia cc ng dng c d dng hn) thay cho nh dng chun trc y l .XLS.

Giao din Excel

Nt lnh Office cha cc lnh rt thng hay s dng nh to tp tin mi, m tp tin, lu tp tin, v danh mc cc tp tin m trc . Nt lnh Office ging nh thc n File ca cc phin bn trc. Chng ta c th ch bin thanh cc lnh truy cp nhanh cha cc lnh m ta hay s dng nht. Nhn vo m danh mc cc lnh v vo cc lnh cn cho hin ln thanh lnh truy cp

nhanh. Nu cc nt lnh y cn qu t bn c th nhn chn More Commands m ca s iu ch thanh lnh truy cp nhanh.

Cc lnh trong thc n Office

Bng la chn lnh truy cp nhanh

Hp thoi ch bin thanh cc lnh truy cp nhanh Ribbon l g? Ribbon: Excel 2010 thay i giao din ngi dng t vic s dng cc thanh thc n truyn thng thnh cc cm lnh d dng truy cp c trnh by ngay trn mn hnh gi l Ribbon. C cc nhm Ribbon chnh: Home, Insert, Page Layout, Formulas, Data, Reviews, View, Developer, Add-Ins.

Thanh cng c Ribbon

Home: L ni cha cc nt lnh c s dng thng xuyn trong qu trnh lm vic nh: ct, dn, sao chp, nh dng ti liu, cc kiu mu c sn, chn hay xa dng hoc ct, sp xp, tm kim, lc d liu, Insert: Chn cc loi i tng vo bng tnh nh: bng biu, v s , th, k hiu, Page Layout: Cha cc nt lnh v vic hin th bng tnh v thit lp in n. Formulas: Chn cng thc, t tn vng (range), cng c kim tra theo di cng thc, iu khin vic tnh ton ca Excel. Data: Cc nt lnh thao i vi d liu trong v ngoi Excel, cc danh sch, phn tch d liu, Review: Cc nt lnh kim li chnh t, h tr dch t, thm ch thch vo cc , cc thit lp bo v bng tnh. View: Thit lp cc ch hin th ca bng tnh nh: phng to, thu nh, chia mn hnh, Developer: Tab ny mc nh c n v n ch hu dng cho cc lp trnh vin, nhng ngi c hiu bit v VBA. m nhm ny nhn vo nt Office Excel Options Popular Chn Show Developer tab in the Ribbon. Add-Ins: Tab ny ch xut hin khi Excel m mt tp tin c s dng cc tin ch b sung, cc hm b sung, S dng thc n ng cnh (shortcut menu) Khi mun thc hin mt thao tc no trn i tng (, vng, bng biu, th, hnh v) trong bng tnh, bn hy nhp phi chut ln i tng . Lp tc mt thanh thc n hin ra cha cc lnh thng dng c th hiu chnh hay p dng cho i tng m bn chn.

Thc n ng cnh M Excel, ng Excel, phng to, thu nh ca s 1.2.1. M Excel Thao tc: B1. T mn hnh (ca s) chnh ca Windows nhp chut nt Start gc di bn tri B2. Di chuyn chut ln trn n ch All Programs, ri di chuyn chut sang phi chn Microsoft Office, sau di chuyn chut n ch Microsoft Office Excel 2010 th dng li. B3. Nhp chut vo biu tng Phng to, thu nh ca s Excel khi ng Excel.

Cc nt iu khin ca s Excel Thu nh ca s Excel Thao tc ny ch thc hin c khi ca s ang m to Nhp chut chut vo nt ca Windows bn cnh nt Start. Phng to ca s Excel Thao tc: Thao tc ny ch thc hin c khi ca s ang b thu nh Nhp chut vo biu tng pha di mn hnh Thot khi Excel Thao tc: Nhp chut vo nt gc trn cng bn phi thot khi Excel. Hoc cng c th thot Excel thu gn ca Excel trn thanh Taskbar bn gc trn

cng bn phi. Khi ca s Excel s c thu gn li thnh mt biu tng trn thanh Taskbar

bng cch nhn nt Office chn Exit Excel. 1.3. Thao tc vi v vng Nhn dng v vng (cells, range) a ch mt trong Excel c xc nh bi tiu ct v s th t ca dng. Mt vng trong bng tnh c xc nh bng a ch ca gc trn bn tri ca vng v a ch gc di bn phi ca vng (c du : phn cch). c bit, a ch ca c mt ct hoc dng c xc nh l <tn ct>:<tn ct> (v d ct A th c xc nh ngn gn l A:A) v <s dng>:<s dng> (v d a ch ca c mt dng 4 l 4:4). V d: Hnh bn di hin hnh c a ch l B11 v n c tiu ct l B v s dng l 11, vng c bao bi nt chm t c a ch l H2:H12 v u tin ca vng c a ch l H2 v cui ca vng l H12.

a ch v vng Chn vng Nu dng chut, trc tin bn dng chut di chuyn hin hnh n gc trn bn tri ca vng cn chn, sau gi tri chut ko xung di qua phi n v tr cui cng ca vng v th chut. Nu dng phm th sau khi chn u tin bn gi phm Shift trong khi nhn phm v n cui ca vng v th cc phm. (Bn cng c th lm ngc li l chn cui ca vng trc v ko chn n u tin). Khi mun chn c sheet hin hnh th nhn <Ctrl+A>, cn mun chn c workbook (ngha l chn tt c cc sheet) th nhp phi chut ln thanh sheet tab v chn Select All Sheets. Sao chp v di chuyn vng Sao chp (copy) gip ta nhn bn mt vng no n mt ni no trong bng tnh v d liu gc cn nguyn, cn di chuyn vng th cng nh sao chp nhng d liu gc s c di di n v tr mi. sao chp hay di chuyn trc tin bn phi chn vng cn sao chp hay di chuyn, sau c th dng nt lnh, phm tt hay dng chut thc hin:

Dng Ribbon: Chn vng Home nhm Clipboard nhn nt Cut), n ni ch v Home nhm Clipboard nhn nt trn t thc n ng cnh nhp phi chut.

hay

(Copy hay

(Paste). Bn c th gi cc lnh

Chut: Chn vng gi tri chut v gi thm phm Ctrl nu l sao chp (khng gi thm phm Ctrl s l lnh di chuyn) ko chut ti ni ch cn sao chp hay di chuyn n v th chut. Dn c bit (Paste Special) Trong qu trnh sao chp i khi chng ta cn dn ni dung sao chp hay ct t b nh vo vi mt s chn lc no , khi thay v dng lnh Paste bn hy s dng Paste Special Sau khi chn vng, ra lnh Copy, n ch cn sao chp n v nhp phi chut, chn lnh Paste Special. hp thoi Paste Special c mt s la chn nh bng sau:

Gii thch hp thoi Paste Special Hng mc All Formulas M t Dn c gi tr v nh dng ca vng ngun Dn gi tr v cng thc, khng nh dng

Values Formats Comments Validation All using source theme All except borders Column widths Formulas and number formats Values and number formats None Add Subtract

Ch dn gi tr v kt qu ca cng thc, khng nh dng Ch dn vo nh dng, b qua tt c gi tr v cng thc Ch dn vo ch thch ca cc , b qua tt c gi tr v cng thc Ch dn vo cc qui nh xc thc d liu cho vng ch Dn vo mi th v dng mu nh dng t vng ngun Dn vo mi th v loi b cc khung vin Ch dn vo thng tin qui nh chiu rng ct Dn vo gi tr, cng thc v cc nh dng gc ca cc con s, cc nh dng khc b loi b. Dn vo gi tr, kt qu ca cng thc v cc nh dng gc ca cc con s. Khng km theo vic tnh ton no trn d liu sp dn vo Cng cc gi tr ca vng ngun vo cc tng ng vng ch Cc mang gi tr ca vng ch s tr i cc tng ng ca vng ngun.

Multiply

Cc mang gia tr ca vng ch s nhn vi cc tng ng ca vng ngun.

Divide

Cc mang gia tr ca vng ch s chia cho cc tng ng ca vng ngun

Skip blanks Transpose Paste Link

. Khng dn cc rng vng ngun vo c gi tr vng ch Dn vo v o dng thnh ct hoc ngc li Dn vo v tham chiu ch n ngun

t tn vng Vic t tn vng c li rt ln trong qu trnh thao thc v x l tnh ton nh: vng c gn tn s gip gi nh v d hiu cng dng ca n hn l cc a ch n thun, t tn gip vic tham

chiu tnh ton t sai st hn v di chuyn hay chn cc vng c t tn rt nhanh chng t Name box (hoc dng Go to F5). Tn di ti a 255 k t khng cha khong trng v du chm, tn phi bt u l k t khng c bt u l s, tn khng c t ging cc a ch tham chiu. t tn trc tin ta chn vng cn t tn chn nhm Formulas Defined Names Define Name, hp thoi New Name hin ra. y, bn hy nhp tn vng vo hp Name chn Scope, nhp ch thch nu cn, xong th nhn OK. Ngoi ra bn cn c th t tn trc tip t hp Name box hoc t tn cho vng chn t Formulas Defined Names Create from Selection hoc dng thc n ng cnh.

Mun m hp thoi qun l cc tn t bn vo nhm Formulas Defined Names Name Manager. T hp thoi bn c th t tn mi, hiu chnh thng tin cho cc tn hin hoc xa tn ca cc vng khng dng n, Thm ch thch cho hm ch thch vo cc gip cho vic hiu chnh v hiu thng tin m ang cha c r rng hn. thm ch thch v , chn chn nhm Review Comments New Comment v hy nhp ch thch vo. Ngoi ra bn c th nhp phi chut ln cn ch thch v chn Insert Comment. c ch thch ch cn r chut ln c ch thch hoc vo Review Comments Next hay Previous. n/ hin ch thch vo Review Comments Show All Comments (n/ hin tt c) hoc Show/ Hide Comment (n/ hin ch thch ang chn).

Hiu chnh ch thch vo chn cn hiu chnh ch thch Review Comments Edit Comment. Ngoi ra nhanh bn c th nhp phi chut v chn Edit Comment t thc n ng cnh. Xa ch thch vo chn cn xa ch thch Review Comments Delete. Hoc nhp phi chut v chn Delete Comment.

Minh ha cho hin cc ch thch Chn, xa , dng v ct Chng ta c th chn thm cc vo bn tri hoc bn trn ca hin hnh trong worksheet v dch chuyn cc ang chn qua phi hoc xung di. Tng t, ta c th chn thm cc dng bn trn, chn thm cc ct vo bn tri v c th xa i cc , cc dng v ct. Chn trng B1. Chn cc m bn mun chn cc trng vo (mun chn cc khng lin tc th gi Ctrl trong khi chn cc ). B2. Chn Home chn nhm Cells Insert Insert Cells B3. Chn la chn ph hp trong hp thoi Insert Chn dng

B1. Chn mt hoc nhiu dng lin tc hoc cch khong m bn mun chn s dng tng ng pha trn cc dng ny. B2. Chn Home chn nhm Cells Insert Insert Sheet Rows

Minh ha chn cc dng trng ln trn cc dng ang chn Chn ct B1. Chn mt hoc nhiu ct lin tc hoc cch khong m bn mun chn s ct tng ng pha bn tri cc ct ny. B2. Chn Home chn nhm Cells Insert Insert Sheet Columns Xa cc , dng v ct B1. Chn cc , cc dng hoc cc ct cn xa B2. Chn Home Cells Delete chn kiu xa ph hp (xem hnh)

Thay i rng ct v chiu cao dng Trong worksheet ta c th qui nh rng ct t 0 n 255, y chnh l s k t c th hin th trong mt dng. rng mc nh ca ct l 8.43 k t, khi rng l 0 th ct c n i. Tng t, chiu cao ca dng qui nh t 0 n 409, y l n v o lng bng im (point: 1 point = 1/72 inch). Chiu cao mc nh ca dng l 12.75 point, khi chiu cao l 0 th dng b n i. Cc bc iu chnh dng ct: B1. Chn dng hoc ct cn iu chnh chiu cao hoc rng B2. Chn Home Cells Format Chn lnh ph hp Row Height chn lnh ny qui nh chiu cao ca dng AutoFit Row Height chn lnh ny Excel s t canh chnh chiu cao dng cho ph hp vi ni dung. Column Width chn lnh ny qui nh rng ct AutoFit Column Width chn lnh ny Excel s t canh chnh rng ct cho ph hp vi ni dung. Default Width chn lnh ny khi bn mun qui nh li rng mc nh cho worksheet hay c workbook. Ta c th qui nh chiu cao dng v rng ct cho c worksheet hay c workbook bng cch chn c worksheet hay c workbook trc khi thc hin lnh. Ngoi cch thay i chiu cao dng v rng ct nh trn, ta cn c th dng chut thao tc nhanh hn. Mun thay i rng ct no hy r chut n pha bn phi tiu ct cho xut hin k hiu v ko chut v bn phi tng hoc ko v bn tri gim rng ct. Tng t, mun thay i chiu cao

dng no hy r chut n bn di s th t dng cho xut hin k hiu v ko chut ln trn gim hoc ko xung di tng chiu cao dng.

Ta c th qui nh chiu cao dng v rng ct cho c worksheet hay c workbook bng cch chn c worksheet hay c workbook trc khi thc hin lnh. Ngoi cch thay i chiu cao dng v rng ct nh trn, ta cn c th dng chut thao tc nhanh hn. Mun thay i rng ct no hy r chut n pha bn phi tiu ct cho xut hin k hiu v ko chut v bn phi tng hoc ko v bn tri gim rng ct.

Tng t, mun thay i chiu cao dng no hy r chut n bn di s th t dng cho xut hin k hiu v ko chut ln trn gim hoc ko xung di tng chiu cao dng.

Ni (Merge) v b ni cc (Split) Ni nhiu thnh mt Khi ni nhiu thnh mt , nu tt c cc u c d liu th bn cn chuyn ht d liu ln gc trn cng bn tri ca nhm cn merge v ch c d liu ca ny c gi li, d liu ca cc khc s b xa. B1. Chn cc cn ni li. B2. Chn Home Alignment chn Merge & Center. canh chnh d liu trong dng cc nt canh chnh trong nhm Algnment.

Chuyn mt ni v li nhiu Sau khi chuyn ni v li nhiu th ni dung s hin ti gc trn cng bn tri. B1. Chn ang b ni. B2. Chn Home Alignment chn li Merge & Center hoc Unmerge Cells u c. 1.4. Di chuyn trong bng tnh v s dng phm tt Bn c th dng chut, cc phm thanh cun dc, thanh cun ngang, sheet tab, cc t , hp phm tt di chuyn qua li gia cc sheet hay i n cc ni bt k trong bng tnh.

Thanh cun dc, thanh cun ngang Thanh cun dc v thanh cun ngang c gi chung l cc thanh cun (scroll bars). Bi v mn hnh Excel ch c th hin th (cho xem) mt phn ca bng tnh ang thao tc, nn ta phi dng thanh cun dc xem phn bn trn hay bn di bng tnh v dng thanh cun ngang xem phn bn tri hay bn phi ca bng tnh. Thanh cun dc l thanh di nht, nm dc bn l phi; hai u c hai mi tn ln v mi tn xung; gia c thanh trt cun mn hnh ln xung. Thanh cun ngang l thanh nm ngang, th hai t di mn hnh m ln. C hnh dng ging thanh cun dc, ch khc l nm ngang.

Thanh cun ngang Thao tc: Nhp chut vo mi tn sang tri cun mn hnh i sang tri. Nhp chut vo mi tn sang phi cun mn hnh sang phi. Thanh Sheet tab di chuyn qua li gia cc sheet ta nhp chut ln tn ca sheet trn thanh sheet tab. Ngoi ra chng ta c th dng <Ctrl + Page Up> di chuyn n sheet lin trc sheet hin hnh v <Ctrl+Page Down> di chuyn n sheet lin sau sheet hin hnh. tr v sheet u tin bn nhp chut v nt trn thanh trn thanh sheet tab v n sheet cui cng th bn nhp chut vo nt

sheet tab. Nu mun n mt sheet no trong trng hp c qu nhiu sheet th v chn tn sheet cn n.

bn hy nhp phi chut vo thanh

S dng cc t hp phm tt di chuyn n c ni cn thit trong bng tnh ngoi vic dng chut cun cc thanh cun ngang v dc, cc phm mi tn th bn nn nh cc t hp phm bng bn di gip di chuyn c nhanh hn.

Cc phm tt di chuyn nhanh trong bng tnh 1.5 Thao tc vi workbook

Nhn phm Di chuyn

hoc Tab hoc Shift + Tab Home Ctrl + Home Ctrl + End Alt + Page Up Alt + Page Down Page Up Page Down F5 End + hoc Ctrl + End + hoc Ctrl + End + hoc Ctrl + End + hoc Ctrl + Ctrl + Page Up Ctrl + Page Down To mi workbook

Sang bn phi Sang bn tri Ln dng Xung dng n ct A ca dng hin hnh n a ch A1 trong worksheet n a ch c cha d liu sau cng trong worksheet Di chuyn hin hnh qua tri mt mn hnh Di chuyn hin hnh qua phi mt mnh hnh Di chuyn hin hnh ln trn mt mn hnh Di chuyn hin hnh xung di mt mn hnh M hp thoi Go To n bn phi u tin m trc hoc sau n l trng n bn tri u tin m trc hoc sau n l trng Ln pha trn u tin m trn hoc di n l trng Xung pha di u tin m trn hoc di n l trng Di chuyn n sheet pha trc sheet hin hnh Di chuyn n sheet pha sau sheet hin hnh

Chn nt Office New, mt hp thoi hin ra (xem hnh bn di) cung cp nhiu la chn to workbook nh: workbook trng, workbook theo mu dng sn, workbook da trn mt workbook c. to workbook trng, bn chn Blank workbook v nhp nt Create.

M workbook c sn trn a Mt tp tin c sn c th c m bng nhiu cch: 1. Chn nt Office chn tn tp tin trong danh sch Recent Documents, c th c ti a 50 tn tp tin c s dng gn y nht trong danh sch ny ( iu chnh th nhn vo nt Office Excel Options Advance phn Display Show this number of Recent Documents ). 2. Dng trnh qun l tp tin nh Windows Explorer, tm n ni lu tr tp tin v nhp chut hai ln ln tn tp tin.

3. Chn nt Office Open, hp thoi Open hin ra. Trong hp thoi Open, chng ta phi tm n ni lu tr tp tin (ti Look In) v chn tn tp tin cn m sau nhn nt Open m tp tin. Cc ty chn ca nt Open trong hp thoi Open: Open (m bnh thng), Open Read-Only (Khng lu c nhng thay i), Open as Copy (To bn sao ca tp tin v m ra), Open in Browser (M tp tin bng trnh duyt web mc nh), Open and Repair (Rt hu dng trong trng hp tp tin b li).

Lu workbook t iu cn lu khi lm vic trn my tnh l cc bn phi nh thc hin lnh lu li cng vic thc hin thng xuyn. Vic ra lnh lu tr khng tn nhiu thi gian nhng nu my b hng hay cp in t ngt c th mt tong c gi lm vic ca bn. Nhm an ton cho d liu, bn nn bt tnh nng Auto Recover, Excel s t ng thc hin lnh lu theo thi gian qui nh (mc nh l 10 pht lu mt ln). s dng tnh nng Auto Recover bn chn nt Office Excel Options Save, sau nh du chn o Save AutoRecover information every v minutes. Mt s cch lu workbook: 1. Chn nt Office Save 2. Nhp chut ln nt trn thanh lnh truy cp nhanh (Quick Access Tollbar).

3. Dng t hp phm <Ctrl+S> hoc <Shift+F12>. Nu tp tin c lu trc ri th Excel s lu tip cc phn cp nht, cn nu l tp tin c ra lnh lu ln u th hp thoi Save As hin ra. Trong hp thoi Save As, bn hy chn ni lu tr tp tin (ti Look In) v t tn cho tp tin ti hp File name, chn kiu tp tin ti Save as type v sau nhn nt Save lu tr.

Minh ha lu tp tin Qui tt t tn: t tn tp tin Excel dng chung qui tt t tn tp tin ca Windows. Tn tp tin c th di ti 255 k t bao gm c khong trng. Tuy nhin trong tn tp tin khng c dng cc k hiu nh: \ ? : * < > | bo mt tp tin, chng ta c th gn mt m bo v, khi cn phi bit mt m mi c php m tp tin (tr nhng cch t o!). B1. Nhn nt Office Save As, hp thoi Save As hin ra. B2. Nhn nt Tools chn General Options, hp thoi General Options hin ra

B3. Nhp mt m m v hiu chnh workbook (hai mt m ny nn khc nhau tng bo mt). Sau nhn nt OK B4. Xc nhn li mt m m workbook. Sau nhn nt OK B5. Xc nhn li mt m hiu chnh workbook. Sau nhn nt OK B6. Nhn nt Save hon tt.

Dng mt m bo v workbook Cc ty chn trong hp General Options: Always create backup (to bn sao c ui *.xlk trc khi gn mt m), Password to Open (mt m m workbook), Password to modify (mt m cp nht ni dung workbook), Read-only recommended (m di dng ch c). ng workbook Mt s cch ng workbook: 1. Chn nt Office Close 2. Dng chut chn nt gc trn bn phi (trn thanh tiu ).

3. Dng t hp phm <Ctrl+F4> hoc <Ctrl+W>. Nu workbook c s thay i ni dung th Excel s nhc bn lu li cc thay i . Sp xp workbook Chi m nhiu workbook cng lc v cn tham kho qua li, thun tin ta nn sp xp li: R chut nhn vo nhm lnh View chn nt Arrange All Chn kiu b tr thch hp.

Sp xp cc workbook trong ca s Excel 1.6. Thao tc vi worksheet Chn thm worksheet mi vo workbook C nhiu cch thc hin: 1. Nhn vo nt trn thanh sheet tab

2. Dng t hp phm <Shift+F11> chn sheet mi vo trc sheet hin hnh. 3. Nhn chn nhm Home n nhm Cells Insert Insert sheet 4. Nhp phi chut ln thanh sheet tab v chn Insert, hp thoi Insert hin ra, chn Worksheet v nhn nt OK. Sheet mi s chn vo trc sheet hin hnh.

Minh ha chn sheet mi i tn worksheet Nhp phi chut ln tn sheet cn i tn thanh sheet tab, chn Rename, g tn mi vo, xong nhn phm Enter. Tn sheet c th di ti 31 k t v c th dng khong trng, tuy nhin khng c dng cc k hiu t tn nh: : / \ ? * Xa worksheet Mun xa work sheet, bn lm theo cc cch sau: 1. Chn sheet mun xa chn nhm Home chn nhm Cells Delete Delete sheet 2. Nhp phi chut ln tn sheet mun xa sau chn Delete, xc nhn xa OK. Sp xp th t cc worksheet C nhiu cch thc hin sp xp worksheet nh: 1. Nhp tri chut ln tn sheet cn sp xp v gi chut ko n v tr mi v th chut.

2. Khi c qu nhiu sheet th dng cch ny, nhp phi chut ln tn sheet cn sp xp, chn Move or Copy. hp thoi Move or Copy hin ra. Hy nhp chn ln tn sheet trong danh sch m bn mun di chuyn sheet n trc n, sau nhn OK.

Sao chp worksheet Nhp phi chut ln sheet, chn Move or Copychn v tr t bn sao trong vng Before sheet nh du chn vo hp Creat a copy nhn nt OK. Ngoi ra sao chp nhanh bn nhn gi phm Ctrl ri dng chut chn ln tn sheet cn sao chp gi tri chut r n v tr t bn sao trn thanh sheet tab th tri chut. sao chp nhiu sheet cng lc cng lm tng t nhng phi chn nhiu sheet trc khi thc hin lnh. chn c nhiu sheet bn hy gi phm <Ctrl + nhp chut> chn sheet. chp mt hay nhiu sheet sang mt workbook khc, bn hy m workbook ln sau thc hin lnh Move or Copy v nh chn tn workbook ch ti To book (nu chn workbook ch (new book) th s sao chp cc sheet n mt workbook mi). Chn mu cho sheet tab Vic t mu gip qun l thanh sheet tab c tt hn. t mu cho cc sheet tab bn ch cn nhp phi chut ln tn sheet cn t mu, tip theo hy chn Tab Color v chn mu thch hp.

n/ Hin worksheet Khi bn khng mun ngi khc thy mt hay nhiu sheet no th bn c th n n i. Khng th n ht cc sheet trong workbook m phi cn li t nht mt sheet khng b n. Mun n sheet bn ch cn nhp phi chut ln tn sheet mun n v chn Hide th l sheet c n. Khi mun cho hin tr li mt sheet, bn nhp phi chut ln thanh Sheet tab v chn Unhide sau chn tn sheet cn cho hin v nhn nt OK.

1.7 S dng cc ch hin th trong qu trnh thao tc Trong qu trnh thao tc trn bng tnh i khi chng ta cn phng to hay thu nh cc ca s c c gc nhn tt hn, hoc xem ni dung ca cng mt worksheet di nhiu gc khc nhau,

hoc chia ca s worksheet thnh nhiu Tab d dng tham chiu, hay gi c nh tiu mt danh sch di trong khi cun cc thanh cun, S dng thanh Zoom Excel 2010 b tr thanh cng c Zoom dng phng to thu nh khung lm vic ca bng tnh. Thanh zoom nm ngay gc di bn phi mn hnh v c th gip thu nh v phng to khung lm vic t 10% n ti 400%, phng to th nhn v nt du cng cn thu nh th nhn vo nt du tr.

Thanh Zoom Xem v so snh worksheet trong nhiu ca s Tnh nng ny c bit hu ch khi bn mun xem mt worksheet hay cc worksheet trong cng mt workbook di nhiu gc khc nhau, mi mt nhn bn xem s c gn thm ch s pha sau tn tp tin. Chn nhm View Window New Window

so snh hai worksheet th sau khi lm bc trn bn chn tip nhm View Window View Side by Side. Khi s dng chc nng ny khi bn cun thanh cun ca s ny th ca s kia cng c cun theo. tt tnh nng cun ng thi ny bn vo View Window Synchronous Scrolling (nu n ang bt).

Chia khung bng tnh lm nhiu phn v c nh vng tiu Tnh nng rt hay c dng khi thao tc trn cc danh sch di hoc trong tnh ton cn phi thc hin nhiu vic tham chiu. chia ca s bng tnh: t hin hnh ti vi tr cn chia trn bng tnh, sau chn View Window Split. b khung bng tnh th nhn nt Split li mt ln na hoc nhp chut 2 ln ln ng chia dc v ngang. Ngoi ra, u ca cc thanh cun dc v ngang c mt ngn nh m khi r chut ln s c biu tng (cng c chia nhanh

khung bng tnh), bn gi tri chut v ko ra ni mun chia trn ca s lm vic ca bng tnh.

Minh ha chia 4, chia 2 dc, chia 2 ngang Ngoi vic chia khung lm vic, Excel cn h tr bn c nh mt vng no trn ca s lm vic v d nh dng tiu ca mt danh sch. Vic c nh ny rt hu ch v n gip ta lun thy c dng tiu mc d cun mn hnh xung pha di nhp liu. c nh bn hy t hin hnh ti v tr cn c nh, sau chn View Window Freeze Panes chn kiu c nh ph hp. Nu chn: Freeze Panes: S c nh dng pha trn v ct bn tri hin hnh Freeze Top Row: C nh dng u tin ang nhn thy ca danh sch Freeze First Column: C nh ct u tin ang nhn thy ca danh sch

Minh ha c nh cc tiu b c nh th vo View Window Freeze Panes Unfreeze Panes S dng Watch Window Tnh nng ny gip ta theo di cc trong qu trnh tnh ton. Bn mun gim st no th a n vo danh sch gim st ca s ca Watch Window. Gi ca s Watch Window bn chn nhm Formulas Formula Auditing Watch Window, sau chn cn theo di v nhn vo nt Add Watch trn ca s Watch Window.

Ca s Watch Window Chng 2: Lm vic vi d liu trong Excel 2.1. Nhp liu, hiu chnh Cc trong bng tnh c th cha cc con s, cc chui vn bn hay cc biu thc ton hc. Ngoi ra bng tnh cn c th cha cc biu , s , hnh nh, cc i tng ny khng cha trong m ni trn b mt bng tnh. Nhp liu Nhp s, chui, thi gian, ngy thng nm

B1. Trn worksheet, chn cn nhp liu B2. Nhp vo con s, chui vn bn, ngy thng hay thi gian, m bn cn B3. Nhp xong nhn Enter ( hin hnh chuyn xung di) hoc Tab ( hin hnh chuyn qua phi) kt thc. Lu : Nu nhp cc con s vo m Excel hin th ##### l do chiu rng ct khng bn bn tng thm chiu rng ct. Mc nh Excel s dng du chm (.) phn cch phn s nguyn v phn s thp phn. Khi nhp cc con s m cc con s ny khng cn tnh ton th bn nn nh dng l Text trc khi nhp (Home nhm Number chn Text t danh sch). Ngy v thi gian nhp vo th n dng nh dng ngy mc nh trong Control Panel Regional and Language Options. Khi nhp ngy dng du / hoc - phn cch, v d 10/05/2007 hoc 10-05-2007. Khi mun nhp ngy hin ti vo hy g <Ctrl+;>. Khi mun dng nh dng ngy mc nh cho cha ngy th chn v g <Ctrl+Shift+#>. Khi nhp thi gian v mun nh dng theo chun 12 gi th thm A hoc P vo sau thi gian nhp vo, v d 8:30 AM hoc 4:15 PM, nu khng Excel t hiu l AM. Khi mun nhp thi gian hin ti vo hy g <Ctrl+Shift+;>. Khi mun dng nh dng thi gian mc nh cho cha thi gian th chn v g <Ctrl+Shift+@>. Mun nhp cng mt ni dung cho nhiu , bn hy chn cc v nhp liu vo sau nhn <Ctrl+Enter>. Ngoi ra cn c th s dng chc nng AutoFill (phn sau). Mun nhp cng ni dung trn cc nhiu sheet, bn hy chn cc sheet , sau chn cc trn sheet hin hnh, tip theo nhp liu (c th mt d liu do b nhp ln cc c d liu). b chn cc sheet th nhp phi chut ln thanh sheet tab v chn Ungroup Sheets.

V d nhp cc loi d liu Nhp cc k t c bit B1. Mun nhp k t c bit vo, trc tin chn v n ni cn chn trong . B2. Chn Insert nhm Text chn Symbol B3. Trong hp thoi Symbol hy chn k t cn, c th i kiu Font ti hp Font. B4. Nhn nt Insert chn.

V d chn o v Hy lnh (Undo), phc hi lnh (Redo), lp li lnh sau cng

 hy mt lnh va thc hin bn nhn chut ln nt ang nhp liu vo mun hy th nhn phm ESC phc hi lnh va hy th nhn nt

hay dng phm <Ctrl+Z>

hay dng phm <Ctrl+Y>

thc hin li lnh sau cng nhn <Ctrl+Y> Hiu chnh ni dung Xa ni dung cc B1. Chn mt hoc nhiu cn xa B2. Nhn Delete trn bn phm (xa cch ny th ch xa ni dung cc nh dng ca vn cn). Ngoi ra xa bn c th vo Home nhm Editing Clear ( Clear All: Xa tt c ni dung v nh dng Clear Formats: Ch xa phn nh dng ca Clear Contents: Ch xa ni dung, cn nh dng Clear Comments: Ch xa cc ch thch ca nu c Lu cc lnh trn khng xa c nh dng ca bng (table) Nhp ln c sn ni dung Mun nhp ln cc c sn ni dung, trc tin bn hy chn v nhp vo ni dung mi. Khi , ni dung c ca s mt i v thay bng ni dung va nhp . Hiu chnh ni dung cc Mun hiu chnh ni dung sn c ca bn lm cc cch sau: 1. Nhp chut hai ln ln cn hiu chnh dng chut hoc cc phm mi tn di chuyn n ni cn hiu chnh dng phm Backspace hoc Delete xa mt s ni dung sau nhp vo ni dung mi. ) v chn cc lnh:

2. Chn cn hiu chnh v nhn F2 vo ch hiu chnh v lm tng t nh trn 3. Chn cn hiu chnh, sau nhp chut vo thanh cng thc (Formula) S dng cc k thut khi nhp liu S dng chc nng AutoFill S dng cng c ny Excel s gip bn in t ng d liu theo cc mu AutoFill c sn. Ngoi ra bn cn c th to thm cc mu phc v cho cng vic ca mnh. Danh sach mt s AutoFill co san Cc gi tr khi u 1, 2, 3 9:00 Mon Monday Jan Jan, Apr Jan-99, Apr-99 15-Jan, 15-Apr 1999, 2000 1-Jan, 1-Mar Qtr3 (or Q3 or Quarter3) Product 1, On backorder Text1, textA 1st Period Product 1 Chui sau khi m rng 4, 5, 6 10:00, 11:00, 12:00 Tue, Wed, Thu Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday Feb, Mar, Apr Jul, Oct, Jan Jul-99, Oct-99, Jan-00 15-Jul, 15-Oct 2001, 2002, 2003 1-May, 1-Jul, 1-Sep,... Qtr4, Qtr1, Qtr2,... Product 2, On backorder, Product 3, On backorder,... text2, textA, text3, textA,... 2nd Period, 3rd Period,... Product 2, Product 3,...

Bn mun in cc s l trong khong t 1 n 25 vo ct A bn lm nh sau: B1. Chn u tin A1 v nhp vo s 1 B2. Chn tip theo A2 nhp vo s 3 (bc nhy bng 3-1 = 2, Excel s cng s 2 vo cha s l trc c c s l k tip). B3. Chn hai A1:A2, di chuyn chut xung du vung nh mu en (Fill handle) gc di bn phi vng chn cho chut bin thnh du cng mu en. B4. Gi tri chut ko xung pha di cho n khi hin s 25 th dng li.

Khi bn mun in t ng (sao chp) d liu hay cng thc ca hin hnh cho cc bn tri, bn phi, pha trn hay bn di n th bn lm theo cc cch sau: 1. Chn hin hnh ang cha d liu hay cng thc cn sao chp, sau gi Fill handle v ko theo hng bn cn (ln, xung, tri hay phi). Khi d liu hay biu thc s c sao chp. 2. Chn cha d liu (hay cng thc) cn sao chp v tt c cc cn sao d liu n, sau vo Home nhm Editing Fill chn hng ph hp (Down, Right, Up, Left). T to danh sch AutoFill bn vo nt Office Excel Options Popular trong phn trong phn Top options for working with Excel chn Edit Custom Lists hp thoi Custom Lists hin ra. Ti y, bn hy nhp vo danh sch trong khung List entries, sau khi nhp xong nhn nt Add thm vo Custom lists v k t lc ny bn c th s dng chc nng AutoFill vi danh sch t to ca bn.

Mun xa mt danh sch th bn ch cn chn danh sch v nhn nt Delete. Nu mun hiu chnh danh sch th chn danh sch v hiu chnh trong List entries, sau khi hiu chnh xong nhn nt Add. S dng chc nng Automatic Completion Chc nng Automatic Completion gip bn nhp cc chui vn bn ging nhau cc c nhanh chng hn. Tuy nhin, chc nng ny i khi cng lm bn kh chu, bt tt bn vo nt Office Excel Options chn Tab Advance ti Editing options Enable AutoComplete for cell values.

S dng chc nng AutoCorrect AutoCorrect gip bn sa cc li chnh t nhp liu khi nhp bng ting Anh, ngoi ra n cn gip nhp nhanh cc k hiu hay cc on vn bn lp i lp li. Chng ta c th thm vo cc cm t m chng ta thng hay dng vo danh sch ca AutoCorrect. thm t vo danh sch AutoCorrect lm theo cc bc sau:

B1. Chn nt Office Excel Options Proofing AutoCorrect Options B2. Ti Tab AutoCorrect chn Replace text as you type th chc nng ny mi c tc dng B3. Trong hp Replace g cm t thng hay g sai (hoc g vo m tc k) B4. Trong hp With g cm t ng vo (hoc g vo nguyn bn ca m tc k) B5. Nhn nt Add thm vo danh sch hiu chnh mt mc t trong danh sch th chn mc t v g ni dung mi vo hai hp Replace v With, sau nhn nt Replace. Mun xa mt mc t trong danh sch th chn mc t v nhn nt Delete.

Minh ha thm m tc k vn v nguyn vn 2.2. nh dng nh dng chung Cc nt nh dng thng dng ca Excel c b tr rt thun li truy cp trong nhm Home ca thanh Ribbon. Trong qu trnh son tho, tnh ton trn Excel, mi khi cn nh dng bn ch vic nhn chut ln nt lnh ph hp di y.

nh dng vn bn v s Khi cn cc nh dng phc tp hn m trn thanh Ribbon khng c nt lnh th bn truy cp vo hp thoi Format Cells: Chn Home nhm Cells Format Format Cells

Gii thch hp thoi Format Cells

nh dng

M t Tab Number

Category Sample

Danh sch cc loi nh dng s, gi tr Hin th nh dng ca gi tr trong hin hnh theo cc nh dng bn chn

Decimal places

Ti a c th c 30 s sau du thp phn, ch p dng cho dng Number, Currency, Accounting, Percentage, v Scientific.

Use 1000 Separator (,)

Chn ny nu mun c du phn cch gia hng nghn, triu, tch p dng cho dng Number

Negative numbers

Chn loi nh dng th hin cho s m, ch p dng cho dng Number v Currency.

Symbol Type

Chn loi k hiu tin t, ch p dng cho dng Currency v Accounting Chn kiu hin th ph hp cho gi tr , ch p dng cho cc dng Date, Time, Fraction, Special, v Custom.

Locale (location)

Chn loi ngn ng khc p dng nh dng gi tr, ch p dng cho cc dng Date, Time, v Special. Tab Alignment

Text alignment Horizontal

C cc la chn dng canh chnh ni dung theo chiu ngang. Mc nh Excel canh l tri cho vn bn, l phi cho gi tr , cc gi tr lun l v cc li c canh gia.

Vertical

C cc la chn dng canh chnh ni dung theo chiu dc. Mc nh Excel canh l di cho vn bn.

Indent Orientation Degrees Text control Wrap text

Tht u cc dng ni dung ca . Chn cc hng ca vn bn trong cc . t gi tr xoay vn bn. Cc gi tr t -90 n 90 Ni dung trong c xung nhiu dng ty thuc vo rng ct v

di ni dung. (xem chi tit phn di) Shrink to fit Merge cells Right-to-left Text direction Gim kch c ch tt c ni dung trong va vi rng ct Ni cc chn thnh mt ( trnh by phn trn) Xc nh trnh t c v canh l Tab Font Font Font style Chn kiu Font cho cc , font mc nh l Calibri Chn kiu thng, in nghin, in mca Font ch, kiu mc nh l Regular. Size Underline Color Normal font Effects Strikethrough Superscript Subscript Preview Kch thc font ch , t c 1 n 1638 v mc nh l c ch 11 point. Chn kiu gch chn cho vn bn trong danh sch, mc nh l None. Chn mu cho vn bn, mc nh l Automatic (do Excel t chn mu) Nu chn s loi b cc nh dng Font khc v tr v dng bnh thng C thm ng gch ngang vn bn Lm cho vn bn co li v y ln trn Lm cho vn bn co li v y xung di Xem trc kt qu nh dng bn va chn Tab Border Line Chn kiu v kch c cc ng k khung, sau chn cc nt bn hp Border k Presets Chn khng k khung, k ng bao v k cc ng phn cch gia cc Color Border Chn mu cho cc ng k Cc nt bao quanh hnh minh ha dng k cc ng bao cc Tab Fill Background Color Chn mu nn cho cc . Fill Effects cung cp cc hiu ng t mu nn (xem chi tit phn di).

More Colors Pattern Color Pattern Style

B sung thm cc mu v cng c pha ch mu. Cc mu mu nn cc kiu mu t nn . Xem trc kt qu chn mu v kiu mu ti Sample Tab Protection

Locked

Kha vic thay i, di chuyn, xa, cc , ch c tc dng khi sheet c bo v

Hidden

n cng thc trong , ch co tc dng khi sheet c bo v (xem phn sau)

General

Excel mc nh dng kiu ny nh dng gi tr, khi s di hn 12 s th nh dng

General Number

chuyn sang dng Scientific Dng nh dng cc con s, bn c th chn du phn cch thp phn v qui nh s con s sau du thp phn, ng thi c th chn kiu hin th s m.

Currency

Dng nh dng cc n v tin t cho cc gi tr, ta c th chn du phn cch thp phn v nh s con s sau du thp phn, ng thi c th chn kiu hin th s m.

Accounting

Dng nh dng cc n v tin t trong k ton, n t k hiu tin t v gi tr hai ct khc nhau.

Date

Dng nh dng cc gi tr ngy v thi gian ty theo chn la ti phn Type v Locale (location). Cc Type c du (*) l nh dng ly t h thng (Control Panel).

Time

Dng nh dng cc gi tr ngy v thi gian ty theo chn la ti phn Type v Locale (location). Cc Type c du (*) l nh dng ly t h thng (Control Panel).

Percentage

nh dng ny ly gi tr trong nhn vi 100 v thm du % vo sau kt qu, bn c th chn du phn cch thp phn v qui nh s con s sau du thp phn.

Fraction Scientific

nh dng ny hin th con s di dng phn s ty theo Type bn chn. Hin th con s di dng khoa hc <Con s E+n>. V d, s 12345678901 nh dng theo Scientific l 1.23E+10, ngha l 1.23 x 1010. Bn c th chn du phn cch thp phn v qui nh s con s sau du thp phn.

Text Special

nh dng ni dung ging nh nhng g nhp vo k c cc con s. nh dng cc con s dng m bu chnh (ZIP Code), s in thoi, s bo him

Custom

Dng hiu chnh cc m nh dng ang p dng hay to mi cc nh dng do bn p dng. Ta c th thm vo t 200 n 250 nh dng t to ty theo ngn ng v phin bn Excel. (xem phn sau)

S dng Wrap Text Khi bn mun on vn bn di trong c nhiu dng th bn dng chc nng wrap text hoc dng <Alt+Enter> xung dng ti v tr mong mun. B1. Chn cn nh dng Wrap text, v d A1 B2. Chn Home Alignment chn Wrap Text ( Row Height Xoay ch (Orientation) B1. Chn cc cn xoay ch A1:D1 B2. Chn Home nhm Alignment Orientation Angle Counterclockwise ). Nu dng khng t ng m rng l do

b thit lp chiu cao c nh, bn vo Home Cells Format ti Cells Size chn AutoFit

nh dng khung (border) K ng bao xung quanh vng B2:E18 m, c ng phn cch gia cc bng nt mnh v mu tt c ng k l mu . B1. Chn danh sch cn k khung B2:E18 B2. Chn Home nhm Cells Format Chn Format Cells B3. Vo Tab Border, chn mu l Red ( ) ti Color B4. Chn Style l nt m , sau chn nt Outline ti Preset B5. Chn Style l nt mnh , sau chn nt Inside ti Preset B6. Nhn OK hon tt

Hiu ng t nn (Fill effect) B1. Chn vng cn t mu nn B2:E18

B2. Chn Home nhm Cells Format Chn Format Cells B3. Vo Tab Fill Chn Fill Effects B4. Chn cc mu cn phi hp: Color 1 (v d l mu vng Yellow) v Color 2 (Blue) B5. Chn Shading styles l Vertical v chn kiu th 3 B6. Nhn OK hai ln hon tt.

T ng nh dng c iu kin. Vi Excel 2010 nh dng c iu kin s gip bn ch ra cc mu trong d liu v s dng rt n gin. Ch cn nh du mt nhm cc v kch vo Conditional Formatting trn ribbon Home. Khi a chut trn nhng la chn, bn s thy preview ca n ngay lp tc. C th gn

cho mi mt mu phn nh th hng ca n trong ton b di cc gi tr, thm mt thanh d liu trong sut phn nh gi tr ca Cch thc tin hnh ny cho php n gin hn rt nhiu so vi s phc tp trong hp thoi Conditional Formatting ca Excel 2003.

Bng v nh dng bng (table) Excel thit lp sn rt nhiu biu mu nh dng bng v cn h tr to thm cc biu mu mi. Excel ch cho php xa cc biu mu t to thm v cho php xa nh dng bng. Ngoi ra ta c th hiu chnh nh dng bng khi cn thit. p nh dng bng cho danh sch v chuyn danh sch thnh bng B1. Chn danh B2:E18 B2. Chn Home nhm Styles chn Format As Table B3. Ca s Style lit k rt nhiu biu mu nh dng bng, chn mt trong cc biu mu. V d chn mu Light s 9 B4. Ca s Format As Table hin ln nhn OK xc nhn. to mu mi th ti bc 3 chn New Table Style, sau t tn cho biu mu mi v nhn Format ch bin biu mu.

Mun xa mt mu t to th vo Home Style Format As Table, ti phn Custom nhp phi chut ln biu mu v chn Delete. Cc ty chn hiu chnh bng c Table Tools Tab Design trn thanh Ribbon

Xa kiu nh dng bng ang p dng v chuyn bng v danh sch

xa mt kiu nh dng bng ang p dng, trc tin hy chn bng, ti Tab Design vo nhm Table Styles chn More ( ) chn Clear. n lc ny vng chn vn cn l bng do vy n c cc tnh nng ca bng.

 chuyn mt bng v thnh danh sch th chn bng, sau vo Tab Design, ti nhm Tools chn Convert to Range. S dng mu nh dng ti liu (Document Themes) Cc mu ti liu dng sn gip ngi s dng to nn cc ti liu c dng v chuyn nghip v rt d s dng. Cc biu mu ti liu c thit k sn vi nhiu mu, font ch, hnh nh, th, vi nhiu hiu ng p mt. Ngoi ra chng ta cn c th hiu chnh v ch bin cc mu ny. p dng biu mu ti liu bn vo chn nhm Page Layout Themes Chn mt biu mu t danh sch. C th hiu chnh biu mu: vo Colors chn li mu, vo Fonts chn li kiu Font v vo Effects chn li hiu ng. Lu bng phi p dng Style th mi c tc dng. To biu mu mi Colors v Font bn vo Page Layout Themes chn Colors chn Create New Themes Colors hay Page Layout Themes chn Fonts chn Create New Themes Fonts. Nh lu li (Save) sau khi to. Khi i kiu mu khc ng lot cc i tng c p dng biu mu thay i nh dng v khng b thay i ni dung.

2.3 Tm v thay th d liu tm d liu hoc tm v thay th d liu: Kch nt Find & Select trn nhm Editing ca tab Home Chn Find hoc Replace

 Hp thoi Find and Replace xut hin, nhp t mun tm trong mc Find What (nu bn chn Find bc trn) hoc nhp t mun tm trong mc Find What v t thay th trong mc Replace with (nu bn chn Replace bc trn). Kch nt Options tm thm cc ty chn

2.4 Sp xp v lc d liu Sort (sp xp) v Filter (lc) l nhng tnh nng cho php bn thao tc d liu trong mt bng tnh c thit lp da trn cc tiu chun. Sp xp

 thc hin mt sp xp theo chiu tng dn hay gim dn trn mt ct: nh du cc mun c sp xp Kch nt Sort & Filter trn tab Home Kch nt Sort Ascending (A-Z) hay Sort Descending (Z-A)

Ty chnh sp xp sp xp nhiu hn mt ct: Kch nt Sort & Filter trn tab Home Chn ct m bn mun sp xp u tin Kch Add Level Chn ct tip theo bn mun sp xp Kch OK

Lc d liu B lc cho php bn ch hin th d liu m p ng cc tiu chun nht nh. s dng b lc: Kch vo ct hoc chn cc ct cha d liu m bn mun lc Trn tab Home, kch Sort & Filter Kch nt Filter Kch vo mi tn pha di u tin Kch Text Filter Kch Words bn mun lc Nhn chut vo y xem nh gc khng p dng b lc, kch nt Sort & Filter Kch Clear

Chng 3: Gii Thiu V S Dng Cc Hm 3.1 Gii thiu cng thc v hm: Gii thiu cng thc (Formula) Cng thc gip bng tnh hu ch hn rt nhiu, nu khng c cc cng thc th bng tnh cng ging nh trnh son tho vn bn. Chng ta dng cng thc tnh ton t cc d liu lu tr trn bng tnh, khi d liu thay i cc cng thc ny s t ng cp nht cc thay i v tnh ra kt qu mi gip chng ta tn cng sc tnh li nhiu ln. Vy cng thc c cc thnh phn g? Cng thc trong Excel c nhn dng l do n bt u l du = v sau l s kt hp ca cc ton t, cc tr s, cc a ch tham chiu v cc hm. V d:

V d v cng thc Cc ton t trong cng thc

Ton t + * / ^

Chc nng Cng Tr Nhn Chia Ly tha

V d =3+3 =45-4 =150*.05 =3/3 =2^4 =16^(1/4)

Kt qu 3 cng 3 l 6 45 tr 4 cn 41 150 nhn 0.50 thnh 7.5 3 chia 3 l 1 2 ly tha 4 thnh 16 Ly cn bc 4 ca 16 thnh 2

&

Ni chui

=L & Thanh

Ni chui L v Thanh li thnh L Thanh

Bng

=A1=B1

V d A1=3, B1=6 Kt qu: FALSE

>

Ln hn

=A1>B1

V d A1=3, B1=6 Kt qu: FALSE

<

Nh hn

=A1<B1

V d A1=3, B1=6 Kt qu: TRUE

>=

Ln hn hoc bng =A1>=B1

V d A1=3, B1=6 Kt qu: FALSE

<=

Nh hn hoc bng =A1<=B1

V d A1=3, B1=6 Kt qu: TRUE

<>

Khc

=A1<>B1

V d A1=3, B1=6 Kt qu: TRUE

Du cch cc tham chiu

=Sum(A1,B1)

V d A1=3, B1=6 Kt qu: 9

Tham chiu mng

=Sum(A1:B1)

V d A1=3, B1=6 Kt qu: 9

khong trng

Tr v cc giao gia 2 vng

=B1:B6 A3:D3

Tr v gi tr ca

Th t u tin ca cc ton t Ton t : (hai chm) (1 khong trng) , (du phy) % ^ * v / + v & = < > <= >= <> M t Ton t tham chiu S m (v d 1) Phn trm Ly tha Nhn v chia Cng v tr Ni chui So snh u tin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Gii thiu hm (Function) Hm trong Excel c lp trnh sn dng tnh ton hoc thc hin mt chc nng no . Vic s dng thnh tho cc hm s gip chng ta tit kim c rt nhiu thi gian so vi tnh ton th cng khng dng hm. Cc hm trong Excel rt a dng bao trm nhiu lnh vc, c nhng hm khng yu cu i s, c nhng hm yu cu mt hoc nhiu i s, v cc i s c th l bt buc hoc t chn. V d: =Rand(): hm khng c i s =If(A1>=5,t,Rt): hm 3 i s =PMT(10%,4,1000,,1): hm nhiu i s v i s ty chn Trong Excel 2010 c cc hm chnh nh sau:

Hm ngoi: Call, Registed.ID, Hm ly d liu t SSAS: Cubeset, Cubevalue, Hm d liu: Dmin, Dmax, Dcount, Hm ngy v thi gian: Time, Now, Date,. Hm k thut: Dec2Bin, Dec2Hex, Dec2Oct, Hm ti chnh: Npv, Pv, Fv, Rate, Hm thng tin: Cell, Thng tin, IsNa, Hm lun l: If, And, Or, Hm tham chiu v tm kim: Choose, Vlookup, OffSet, Hm ton v lng gic: Log, Mmult, Round, Hm thng k: Stdev, Var, CountIf, Hm vn bn: Asc, Find, Text,

Chng ta s cng nghin cu cch s dng tng hm trong cc nhm hm trn cc phn sau. Nhp cng thc v hm Nhp cng thc trong Excel rt n gin, mun nhp cng thc vo no bn ch vic nhp du = v sau l s kt hp ca cc ton t, cc tr s, cc a ch tham chiu v cc hm. Bn c th nhn vo thanh Formula thy c trn cng thc. Mt iu ht sc lu khi lm vic trn bng tnh l trnh nhp trc tip cc con s, gi tr vo cng thc m bn nn dng n tham chiu. V d:

Minh ha dng tham chiu trong hm

Trong v d trn, i s th nht ca hm NPV chng ta khng nhp trc sut chit tnh 10% vo hm m nn tham chiu n a ch cha n l I2, v nu li sut c thay i th ta ch cn nhp gi tr mi vo I2 th chng ta s thu c kt qu NPV mi ngay khng cn phi chnh sa li cng thc. Gi s cc C2:G2 c t tn l DongTien, v I2 t tn l LaiSuat (Xem li cch t tn vng bi s 1) th trong qu trnh nhp cng thc bn c th lm nh sau: B1. Ti B4 nhp vo =NPV( B2. Nhn F3, ca s Paste Name hin ra B3. Chn LaiSuat v nhn OK B4. Nhp du phy (,) v g F3 B5. Chn DongTien v nhn OK B6. Nhp du ng ngoc ri nhp du + B7. Nhp chut vo B2 B8. Nhn phm Enter

Chn tn vng vo cng thc

Mt trong nhng cch d dng nht s dng hm trong Excel l s dng th vin hm. Khi bn mun s dng hm no ch vic vo thanh Ribbon chn nhm Formulas Function Library -> chn nhm hm -> chn hm cn s dng. Ngoi ra bn c th nhn vo nt Help on this function. gi hp

thoi Insert Function mt cch nhanh chng v khi cn tm hiu v hm ny bn ch cn nhn vo

Hp thoi Insert Function Tham chiu trong cng thc Cc tham chiu s dng trong cng thc gip cho chng ta khi tn cng sa cha cc cng thc khi cc gi tr tnh ton c s thay i. C 3 loi tham chiu sau:

Tham chiu a ch tng i: Cc dng v ct tham chiu s thay i khi chng ta sao chp hoc di di cng thc n v tr khc mt lng tng ng vi s dng v s ct m ta di di. V d A5:B7, C4

Tham chiu a ch tuyt i: Cc dng v ct tham chiu khng thay i khi ta di di hay sao chp cng thc. V d $A$5:$B$7, $C$4

Tham chiu hn hp: Phi hp tham chiu a ch tng i v tuyt i. V d A$5 ngha l ct A tng i v dng 5 tuyt i.

Lu : Du $ trc th t ct l c nh ct v trc th t dng l c nh dng. Nhn phm F4 nhiu ln (tuyt i) c nh/ b c nh dng hoc ct.
Nhn phm F4 nhiu ln (tuyt i) c nh/ b c nh dng hoc ct.

V d: Tnh thnh tin bng S lng nhn Gi. i sang gi tr Thnh tin sang VND. Tnh tng cc ct Thnh tin v ct VND.

Minh ha a ch tng i v tuyt i B1. Ti D2 nhp vo =B2*C2 v Enter. Sau qut chn c vng D2:D14 v g <Ctrl+D>. Vo cc D3, D4... D14 ta thy cng thc cc dng t ng c thay i tng ng vi khong cch so vi D2. Trng hp ny chng ta dng a ch tng i ca B2*C2 l v chng ta mun khi sao chp cng thc xung pha di th a ch cc tnh ton s t ng thay i theo. B2. Ti E2 nhp vo =D2*B$17 v Enter, sau chp cng thc xung cc E3:E14. Chng ta cn c nh dng 17 trong a ch t gi B17 v ta mun khi sao cng thc xung th cc cng thc sao chp vn tham chiu n B17 tnh ton. B3. Ti D15 nhp vo =Sum(D2:D14) v chp sang E15. Lu :

Tham chiu n a ch worksheet khc nhng cng workbook th c dng Tn_sheet!a_ch_. V d:

=A2*Sheet2!A2 =A2*Thong so!B4 Khi tn sheet c cha khong trng th trong cp nhy n

Tham chiu n a ch trong workbook khc th c dng

[Tn_Workbook]Tn_sheet!a_ch_. V d: =A2*[Bai2.xlsx]Sheet3!A4 =A2*[Bai tap 2.xlsx]Sheet3!A4 Khi tn Sheet hay Workbook c cha khon trng trong cp nhy n =A2*C:\Tai lieu\[Bai tap 2.xlsx]Sheet3!A4 Khi tham chiu n workbook khc m workbook ny khng m =A2*\\DataServer\Excel\[Bai tap 2.xlsx]Sheet3!A4 Khi tham chiu n ti nguyn chia s trn my ch trong mng Cc li thng dng (Formulas errors) Cc li thng dng Li #DIV/0! #NAME? #N/A Gii thch Trong cng thc c cha php chia cho 0 (zero) hoc chia rng Do dnh sai tn hm hay tham chiu hoc nh thiu du nhy Cng thc tham chiu n m c dng hm NA kim tra s tn ti ca d liu hoc hm khng c kt qu #NULL! Hm s dng d liu giao nhau ca 2 vng m 2 vng ny khng c phn chung nn phn giao rng #NUM! Vn i vi gi tr, v d nh dng nhm s m trong khi ng phi l s dng #REF! Tham chiu b li, thng l do tham chiu trong hm b xa

#VALUE!

Cng thc tnh ton c cha kiu d liu khng ng.

3.2 Cc hm trong excel a. Nhm hm v thng k AVEDEV (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh trung bnh lch tuyt i cc im d liu theo trung bnh ca chng. Thng dng lm thc o v s bin i ca tp s liu AVERAGE (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh trung bnh cng AVERAGEA (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh trung bnh cng ca cc gi tr, bao gm c nhng gi tr logic AVERAGEIF (range, criteria1) : Tnh trung bnh cng ca cc gi tr trong mt mng theo mt iu kin AVERAGEIFS (range, criteria1, criteria2, ...) : Tnh trung bnh cng ca cc gi tr trong mt mng theo nhiu iu kin COUNT (value1, value2, ...) : m s trong danh sch COUNTA (value1, value2, ...) : m s c cha gi tr (khng rng) trong danh sch COUNTBLANK (range) : m cc rng trong mt vng COUNTIF (range, criteria) : m s tha mt iu kin cho trc bn trong mt dy COUNTIFS (range1, criteria1, range2, criteria2, ...) : m s tha nhiu iu kin cho trc DEVSQ (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh bnh phng lch cc im d liu t trung bnh mu ca chng, ri cng cc bnh phng li. FREQUENCY (data_array, bins_array) : Tnh xem c bao nhiu gi tr thng xuyn xut hin bn trong mt dy gi tr, ri tr v mt mng ng cc s. Lun s dng hm ny dng cng thc mng GEOMEAN (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v trung bnh nhn ca mt dy cc s dng. Thng dng tnh mc tng trng trung bnh, trong li kp c cc li bin i c cho trc...

HARMEAN (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v trung bnh iu ha (nghch o ca trung bnh cng) ca cc s KURT (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh nhn ca tp s liu, biu th mc nhn hay mc phng tng i ca mt phn b so vi phn b chun LARGE (array, k) : Tr v gi tr ln nht th k trong mt tp s liu MAX (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v gi tr ln nht ca mt tp gi tr MAXA (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v gi tr ln nht ca mt tp gi tr, bao gm c cc gi tr logic v text MEDIAN (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh trung bnh v ca cc s. MIN (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v gi tr nh nht ca mt tp gi tr MINA (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v gi tr nh nht ca mt tp gi tr, bao gm c cc gi tr logic v text MODE (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v gi tr xut hin nhiu nht trong mt mng gi tr PERCENTILE (array, k) : Tm phn v th k ca cc gi tr trong mt mng d liu PERCENTRANK (array, x, significance) : Tr v th hng (v tr tng i) ca mt tr trong mt mng d liu, l s phn trm ca mng d liu PERMUT (number, number_chosen) : Tr v hon v ca cc i tng. QUARTILE (array, quart) : Tnh im t phn v ca tp d liu. Thng c dng trong kho st d liu chia cc tp hp thnh nhiu nhm... RANK (number, ref, order) : Tnh th hng ca mt s trong danh sch cc s SKEW (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v lch ca phn phi, m t khng i xng ca phn phi quanh tr trung bnh ca n SMALL (array, k) : Tr v gi tr nh nht th k trong mt tp s STDEV (number1, number2, ...) : c lng lch chun trn c s mu STDEVA (value1, value2, ...) : c lng lch chun trn c s mu, bao gm c nhng gi tr logic

STDEVP (number1, number2, ...) : Tnh lch chun theo ton th tp hp STDEVPA (value1, value2, ...) : Tnh lch chun theo ton th tp hp, k c ch v cc gi tr logic VAR (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v phng sai da trn mu VARA (value1, value2, ...) : Tr v phng sai da trn mu, bao gm c cc tr logic v text VARP (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v phng sai da trn ton th tp hp VARPA (value1, value2, ...) : Tr v phng sai da trn ton th tp hp, bao gm c cc tr logic v text. TRIMMEAN (array, percent) : Tnh trung bnh phn trong ca mt tp d liu, bng cch loi t l phn trm ca cc im d liu u v cui tp d liu. b. Nhm hm v phn phi xc sut BETADIST (x, alpha, beta, A, B) : Tr v gi tr ca hm tnh mt phn phi xc sut tch ly beta. BETAINV (probability, alpha, beta, A, B) : Tr v nghch o ca hm tnh mt phn phi xc sut tch ly beta. BINOMDIST (number_s, trials, probability_s, cumulative) : Tr v xc sut ca nhng ln th thnh cng ca phn phi nh phn. CHIDIST (x, degrees_freedom) : Tr v xc xut mt pha ca phn phi chi-squared. CHIINV (probability, degrees_freedom) : Tr v nghch o ca xc xut mt pha ca phn phi chi-squared. CHITEST (actual_range, expected_range) : Tr v gi tr ca xc xut t phn phi chi-squared v s bc t do tng ng. CONFIDENCE (alpha, standard_dev, size) : Tnh khong tin cy cho mt k vng l thuyt CRITBINOM (trials, probability_s, alpha) : Tr v gi tr nh nht sao cho phn phi nh thc tch ly ln hn hay bng gi tr tiu chun. Thng dng bo m cc ng dng t cht lng... EXPONDIST (x, lambda, cumulative) : Tnh phn phi m. Thng dng m phng thi gian gia cc bin c...

FDIST (x, degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2) : Tnh phn phi xc sut F. Thng dng tm xem hai tp s liu c nhiu mc khc nhau hay khng... FINV (probability, degrees_freedom1, degrees_freedom2) : Tnh nghch o ca phn phi xc sut F. Thng dng so snh bin thin trong hai tp s liu FTEST (array1, array2) : Tr v kt qu ca mt php th F. Thng dng xc nh xem hai mu c cc phng sai khc nhau hay khng... FISHER (x) : Tr v php bin i Fisher ti x. Thng dng kim tra gi thuyt da trn h s tng quan... FISHERINV (y) : Tnh nghch o php bin i Fisher. Thng dng phn tch mi tng quan gia cc mng s liu... GAMMADIST (x, alpha, beta, cumulative) : Tr v phn phi tch ly gamma. C th dng nghin cu c phn b lch GAMMAINV (probability, alpha, beta) : Tr v nghch o ca phn phi tch ly gamma. GAMMLN (x) : Tnh logarit t nhin ca hm gamma HYPGEOMDIST (number1, number2, ...) : Tr v phn phi siu bi (xc sut ca mt s ln thnh cng no ...) LOGINV (probability, mean, standard_dev) : Tnh nghch o ca hm phn phi tch ly lognormal ca x (LOGNORMDIST) LOGNORMDIST (x, mean, standard_dev) : Tr v phn phi tch ly lognormal ca x, trong logarit t nhin ca x thng c phn phi vi cc tham s mean v standard_dev. NEGBINOMDIST (number_f, number_s, probability_s) : Tr v phn phi nh thc m (tr v xc sut m s c number_f ln tht bi trc khi c number_s ln thnh cng, khi xc sut khng i ca mt ln thnh cng l probability_s) NORMDIST (x, mean, standard_dev, cumulative) : Tr v phn phi chun (normal distribution). Thng c s dng trong vic thng k, gm c vic kim tra gi thuyt NORMINV (probability, mean, standard_dev) : Tnh nghch o phn phi tch ly chun

NORMSDIST (z) : Tr v hm phn phi tch ly chun tc (standard normal cumulative distribution function), l phn phi c tr trung bnh cng l zero (0) v lch chun l 1 NORMSINV (probability) : Tnh nghch o ca hm phn phi tch ly chun tc POISSON (x, mean, cumulative) : Tr v phn phi poisson. Thng dng c tnh s lng bin c s xy ra trong mt khong thi gian nht nh PROB (x_range, prob_range, lower_limit, upper_limit) : Tnh xc sut ca cc tr trong dy nm gia hai gii hn STANDARDIZE (x, mean, standard_dev) : Tr v tr chun ha t phn phi biu th bi mean v standard_dev TDIST (x, degrees_freedom, tails) : Tr v xc sut ca phn phi Student (phn phi t), trong x l gi tr tnh t t v c dng tnh xc sut. TINV (probability, degrees_freedom) : Tr v gi tr t ca phn phi Student. TTEST (array1, array2, tails, type) : Tnh xc xut kt hp vi php th Student. WEIBULL (x, alpha, beta, cumulative) : Tr v phn phi Weibull. Thng s dng trong phn tch tin cy, nh tnh tui th trung bnh ca mt thit b. ZTEST (array, x, sigma) : Tr v xc sut mt pha ca php th z. c. Nhm hm v tng quan v hi quy tuyn tnh CORREL (array1, array2) : Tnh h s tng quan gia hai mng xc nh mi quan h ca hai c tnh COVAR (array1, array2) : Tnh tch s cc lch ca mi cp im d liu, ri tnh trung bnh cc tch s FORECAST (x, known_y's, known_x's) : Tnh ton hay d on mt gi tr tng lai bng cch s dng cc gi tr hin c, bng phng php hi quy tuyn tnh GROWTH (known_y's, known_x's, new_x's, const) : Tnh ton s tng trng d kin theo hm m, bng cch s dng cc d kin hin c. INTERCEPT (known_y's, known_x's) : Tm im giao nhau ca mt ng thng vi trc y bng cch s dng cc tr x v y cho trc

LINEST (known_y's, known_x's, const, stats) : Tnh thng k cho mt ng bng cch dng phng php bnh phng ti thiu (least squares) tnh ng thng thch hp nht vi d liu, ri tr v mng m t ng thng . Lun dng hm ny dng cng thc mng. LOGEST (known_y's, known_x's, const, stats) : Dng trong phn tch hi quy. Hm s tnh ng cong hm m ph hp vi d liu c cung cp, ri tr v mng ga tr m t ng cong . Lun dng hm ny dng cng thc mng PEARSON (array1, array2) : Tnh h s tng quan momen tch pearson (r), mt ch mc khng th nguyn, trong khong t -1 n 1, phn nh s m rng quan h tuyn tnh gia hai tp s liu RSQ (known_y's, known_x's) : Tnh bnh phng h s tng quan momen tch Pearson (r), thng qua cc im d liu trong known_y's v known_x's SLOPE (known_y's, known_x's) : Tnh h s gc ca ng hi quy tuyn tnh thng qua cc im d liu STEYX (known_y's, known_x's) : Tr v sai s chun ca tr d on y i vi mi tr x trong hi quy. TREND (known_y's, known_x's, new_x's, const) : Tr v cc tr theo xu th tuyn tnh d. Cc hm ti chnh - financian functions ACCRINT (issue, first_interest, settlement, rate, par, frequency, basis, calc_method) : Tnh li tch ly cho mt chng khon tr li theo nh k ACCRINTM (issue, settlement, rate, par, basis) : Tnh li tch ly i vi chng khon tr li theo k hn AMORDEGRC (cost, date_purchased, first_period, salvage, period, rate, basis) : Tnh khu hao trong mi ti kha k ton ty theo thi hn s dng ca ti sn (s dng trong cc h thng k ton theo kiu Php) AMORLINC (cost, date_purchased, first_period, salvage, period, rate, basis) : Tnh khu hao trong mi ti kha k ton (s dng trong cc h thng k ton theo kiu Php) COUPDAYBS (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tnh s ngy k t u k li ti ngy kt ton

COUPDAYS (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tnh s ngy trong k li bao gm c ngy kt ton COUPDAYSCN (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tnh s ngy t ngy kt ton ti ngy tnh li k tip COUPNCD (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tr v mt con s th hin ngy tnh li k tip k t sau ngy kt ton COUPNUM (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tnh s ln li sut phi tr trong khong t ngy kt ton n ngy o hn COUPPCD (settlement, maturity, frequency, basis) : Tr v mt con s th hin ngy thanh ton li ln trc, trc ngy kt ton CUMIPMT (rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type) : Tnh li tc tch ly phi tr i vi khon vay trong khong thi gian gia start_period v end_period CUMPRINC (rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type) : Tr v tin vn tch ly phi tr i vi khon vay trong khong thi gian gia start_period v end_period DB (cost, salvage, life, period, month) : Tnh khu hao cho mt ti sn s dng phng php s d gim dn theo mt mc c nh (fixed-declining balance method) trong mt khong thi gian xc nh. DDB (cost, salvage, life, period, factor) : Tnh khu hao cho mt ti sn s dng phng php s d gim dn kp (double-declining balance method), hay gim dn theo mt t l no , trong mt khong thi gian xc nh. DISC (settlement, maturity, pr, redemption, basis) : Tnh t l chit khu ca mt chng khon DOLLARDE (fractional_dollar, fraction) : Chuyn i gi dollar dng phn s sang gi dollar dng thp phn DOLLARFR (decimal_dollar, fraction) : Chuyn i gi dollar dng thp phn s sang gi dollar dng phn s DURATION (settlement, maturity, coupon, yld, frequency, basis) : Tnh thi hn hiu lc Macauley da trn ng mnh gi $100 (thi hn hiu lc l trung bnh trng gi tr hin ti ca

dng lun chuyn tin mt v c dng lm thc o v s phn hi lm thay i li nhun ca gi tr tri phiu) EFFECT (nominal_rate, npery) : Tnh li sut thc t hng nm, bit trc li sut danh ngha hng nm v tng s k thanh ton li kp mi nm FV (rate, nper, pmt, pv, type) : Tnh gi tr k hn ca s u t da trn vic chi tr c nh theo k v li sut c nh FVSCHEDULE (principal, schedule) : Tnh gi tr k hn ca mt vn ban u sau khi p dng mt chui cc li sut kp (tnh gi tr k hn cho mt u t c li sut thay i) INTRATE (settlement, maturity, investment, redemption, basis) : Tnh li sut cho mt chng khon u t ton b IPMT (rate, per, nper, pv, fv, type) : Tr v khon thanh ton li cho mt u t da trn vic chi tr c nh theo k v da trn li sut khng i IRR (values, guess) : Tnh li sut ni hm cho mt chui cc lu ng tin mt c th hin bi cc tr s ISPMT (rate, per, nper, pv) : Tnh s tin li tr ti mt k no i vi mt khon vay c li sut khng i, sau khi tr s tin gc phi tr cho k . MDURATION (settlement, maturity, coupon, yld, frequency, basis) : Tnh thi hn Macauley sa i cho chng khon da trn ng mnh gi $100 MIRR (values, finance_rate, reinvest_rate) : Tnh t sut doanh li ni ti trong mt chui lun chuyn tin mt theo chu k NOMINAL (effect_rate, npery) : Tnh li sut danh ngha hng nm, bit trc li sut thc t v cc k tnh li kp mi nm NPER (rate, pmt, pv, fv, type) : Tnh s k hn tr khon vay trong u t da trn tng chu k, s tin tr v t sut li tc c nh NPV (rate, value1, value2, ...) : Tnh hin gi rng ca mt khon u t bng cch s dng t l chiu khu vi cc chi khon tr k hn (tr m) v thu nhp (tr dng)

ODDFPRICE (settlement, maturity, issue, first_coupon, rate, yld, redemption, frequency, basis) : Tnh gi tr trn mi ng mnh gi $100 ca chng khon c k u tin l (ngn hn hay di hn) ODDFYIELD (settlement, maturity, issue, first_coupon, rate, pr, redemption, frequency, basis) : Tr v li nhun ca mt chng khon c k tnh li u tin l l (ngn hn hay di hn) ODDLPRICE (settlement, maturity, last_interest, rate, yld, redemption, frequency, basis) : Tnh gi tr trn mi ng mnh gi $100 ca chng khon c k tnh li phiu cui cng l l (ngn hn hay di hn) ODDLYIELD (settlement, maturity, last_interest, rate, pr, redemption, frequency, basis) : Tnh li nhun ca chng khon c k cui cng l l (ngn hn hay di hn) PMT (rate, nper, pv, fv, type) : Tnh tin phi tr i vi khon vay c li sut khng i v chi tr u n PPMT (rate, per, nper, pv, fv, type) : Tnh khon vn thanh ton trong mt k hn cho i vi mt khon u t, trong vic chi tr c thc hin u n theo nh k vi mt li sut khng i PRICE (settlement, maturity, rate, yld, redemption, frequency, basis) : Tnh gi tr chng khon trn ng mnh gi $100, thanh ton li tc theo chu k PRICEDISC (settlement, maturity, discount, redemption, basis) : Tnh gi tr trn ng mnh gi $100 ca mt chng khon chit khu PRICEMAT (settlement, maturity, issue, rate, yld, basis) : Tnh gi tr trn ng mnh gi $100 ca mt chng khon phi thanh ton li vo ngy o hn PV (rate, nper, pmt, fv, type) : Tnh gi tr hin ti ca mt khon u t RATE (nper, pmt, pv, fv, type, guess) : Tnh li sut mi k trong mt nin kim REVEICED (settlement, maturity, investment, discount, basis) : Tnh s tin nhn c vo k hn thanh ton cho mt chng khon u t ton b SLN (cost, salvage, life) : Tnh chi ph khu hao (theo phng php ng thng) ca mt ti sn trong mt k

SYD (cost, salvage, life, per) : Tnh khu hao theo gi tr cn li ca ti sn trong nh k xc nh TBILLEQ (settlement, maturity, discount) : Tnh li nhun tng ng vi tri phiu cho tri phiu kho bc TBILLPRICE (settlement, maturity, discount) : Tnh gi tr ng mnh gi $100 cho tri phiu kho bc TBILLYIELD (settlement, maturity, pr) : Tnh li nhun cho tri phiu kho bc VDB (cost, salvage, life, start_period, end_period, factor, no_switch) : Tnh khu hao ti sn s dng trong nhiu k XIRR (values, dates, guess) : Tnh li sut ni hm cho mt lot lu ng tin mt khng nh k XNPV (rate, values, dates) : Tnh t gi rng cho mt dy lu ng tin mt khng nh k YIELD (settlement, maturity, rate, pr, redemption, frequency, basis) : Tnh li nhun i vi chng khon tr li theo nh k YIELDDISC (settlement, maturity, pr, redemption, basis) : Tnh li nhun hng nm cho chng khon chit khu YIELDMAT (settlement, maturity, issue, rate, pr, basis) : Tnh li nhun hng nm ca chng khon tr li vo ngy o hn e. Danh mc cc Cc Hm Qun l C s d liu v Danh sch DAVERAGE (database, field, criteria) : Tnh trung bnh cc gi tr trong mt ct ca danh sch hay cc tr ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DCOUNT (database, field, criteria) : m cc cha s liu trong mt ct ca danh sch hay cc tr ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DCOUNTA (database, field, criteria) : m cc "khng rng" trong mt ct ca danh sch hay cc tr ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DGET (database, field, criteria) : Trch mt gi tr t mt ct ca mt danh sch hay c s d liu, khp vi iu kin c ch nh. DMAX (database, field, criteria) : Tr v tr ln nht trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh.

DMIN (database, field, criteria) : Tr v tr nh nht trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DRODUCT (database, field, criteria) : Nhn cc gi tr trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DSTDEV (database, field, criteria) : c lng lch chun ca mt tp hp theo mu, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DSTDEVP (database, field, criteria) : Tnh lch chun ca mt tp hp theo ton th cc tp hp, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DSUM (database, field, criteria) : Cng cc s trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DVAR (database, field, criteria) : c lng s bin thin ca mt tp hp da trn mt mu, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. DVARP (database, field, criteria) : Tnh ton s bin thin ca mt tp hp da trn ton th tp hp, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. GETPIVOTDATA (data_field, pivot_table, field1, item1, field2, item2,...) : Tr v d liu c lu gi trong bo co PivotTable. C th dng GETPIVOTDATA ly d liu tng kt t mt bo co PivotTable, vi iu kin l phi thy c d liu tng kt t trong bo co . Ni chung v Cc Hm Qun l C s d liu v Danh sch Microsoft Excel cung cp nhiu hm dng cho vic phn tch d liu trong danh sch hay c s d liu. Nhng hm ny bt u bng ch D. Mi hm u s dng 3 i s l database, field v criteria; nhng i s ny l cc tham chiu n cc mng trong bng tnh.

* database : L mt dy cc to nn danh sch hay c s d liu. Mt c s d liu l mt danh sch d liu gm nhng mu tin, v c ct d liu l cc trng (field). Dng u tin trong danh sch lun cha tn trng. * field : Cho bit ct no c s dng trong hm. field c th c cho dng text vi tn ct c trong cp du ngoc kp (nh "Age", "Yield"...) hay l s i din cho v tr ca ct (1, 2, ...) * criteria : L mt dy cc cha iu kin. C th dng bt c dy no cho phn iu kin ny, min l dy c t nht mt tn ct v mt bn di tn ct lm iu kin cho hm (xem thm bi Mt s v d v cch dng Criteria nhp iu kin sau y). HM NGY THNG V THI GIAN Mt s lu khi s dng ngy thng v thi gian trong Excel: Excel h tr tnh ton ngy thng cho Windows v Macintosh. Windows dng h ngy bt u t 1900. Macitosh dng h ngy bt u t 1904. Ti liu ny c din gii theo h ngy 1900 dnh cho Windows. H thng ngy gi Excel ph thuc vo thit lp trong Regional Options ca Control Panel. Mc nh l h thng ca M "Thng/Ngy/Nm" (M/d/yyyy). Bn c th sa li thnh h thng ngy ca VN "Ngy/Thng/Nm" (dd/MM/yyyy). Khi bn nhp mt gi tr ngy thng khng hp l n s tr thnh mt chui vn bn. Cng thc tham chiu ti gi tr s tr v li. =NOW() Cho hin ngy gi ca h thng =TODAY() Cho ngy ca h thng =DAY(D) Cho gi tr ngy ca D (Tr v th t ca ngy trong thng t mt gi tr kiu ngy thng) =MONTH(D) Cho gi tr thng ca D =YEAR(D) Cho gi tr nm ca D =DAYS360(BTNT1, BTNT2) Tnh s ngy gia 2 mc ngy thng da trn c s mt nm c 360 ngy.

=EDATE Tr v mc thi gian xy ra trc hoc sau mc ch nh =EOMONTH Tr v ngy cui cng ca thng xy ra trc hoc sau mc ch nh Hm HOUR() Cho bit s ch gi trong mt gi tr thi gian C php: = HOUR(serial_number) serial_number: Biu thc thi gian hoc l mt con s ch gi tr thi gian V d: HOUR(0.5) = 12 (gi) Hm MINUTE() Cho bit s ch pht trong mt gi tr thi gian C php: = MINUTE(serial_number) serial_number: Biu thc thi gian hoc l mt con s ch gi tr thi gian V d: By gi l 10:20 PM, MINUTE(NOW()) = 20 (pht) =MONTH Tr v s thng ca mt gi tr kiu ngy thng. =NETWORKDAYS Tr v s ngy lm vic trong mc thi gian a ra sau khi tr i ngy ngh v ngy l. =NOW Tr v ngy gi hin ti trong h thng ca bn. Hm SECOND() Cho bit s ch giy trong mt gi tr thi gian C php: = SECOND(serial_number) serial_number: Biu thc thi gian hoc l mt con s ch gi tr thi gian V d: SECOND("2:45:30 PM") = 30 (giy) Hm TIME() Tr v mt gi tr thi gian no C php: = TIME(hour, minute, second)

hour: S ch gi, l mt con s t 0 n 23. Nu ln hn 23, Excel s t tr i mt bi s ca 24. minute: S ch pht, l mt con s t 0 n 59. Nu ln hn 59, Excel s tnh li v tng s gi ln tng ng. second: S ch giy, l mt con s t 0 n 59. Nu ln hn 59, Excel s tnh li v tng s pht, s gi ln tng ng. V d: TIME(14, 45, 30) = 2:45:30 PM TIME(14, 65, 30) = 3:05:30 PM TIME(25, 85, 75) = 2:26:15 AM * Cng nh DATE(), hm TIME() rt hu dng khi hour, minute, second l nhng cng thc m khng phi l mt con s, n s gip chng ta tnh ton chnh xc hn Hm TIMEVALUE() Chuyn i mt chui vn bn c dng thi gian thnh mt gi tr thi gian c th tnh ton c C php: = TIMEVALUE(time_text) time_text: Chui vn bn cn chuyn i V d: TIMEVALUE("26:15") = 0.09375 (= 2:15:00 AM) =WEEKDAY Tr v s th t ca ngy trong tun t gi tr ngy thng. =WEEKNUM Tr v s th t ca tun trong nm t gi tr ngy thng. =WORKDAY Tr v ngy lm vic xy ra trc hoc sau mc thi gian a ra. Trong cng vic hng ngy, chc hn chng ta hay ngh n chuyn vic lm ny ca mnh mt ht my phn trm ca mt nm, v d, mt ngy ng ht 6 ting, l 1/4 ngy, vy mt nm chng ta ng ht 25% (hic) thi gian... Hoc mt nhn vin ca cng ty xin ngh vic vo thng 5, lng tnh theo nm, vy cng ty phi tr cho ngi bao nhiu phn trm lng khi cho ngh vic?

Excel c mt hm tnh t l ca mt khong thi gian trong mt nm, v cho php tnh theo nhiu kiu (nm 365 ngy, hay nm 360 ngy, tnh theo kiu M hay theo kiu chu u...): Hm YEARFRAC() (Dch t ch Year: nm, v Frac = Fraction: t l) C php: = YEARFRAC(start_date, end_date [, basis]) start_date, end_date: Ngy thng i din cho ngy bt u v ngy kt thc ca khong thi gian cn tnh ton. Nn nhp bng hm DATE(), hoc dng mt kt qu tr v ca mt cng thc khc, v c th s xy ra li nu bn nhp trc tip ngy thng di dng text. basis: Mt con s, quy nh kiu tnh: * 0 : (hoc khng nhp) Tnh ton theo kiu Bc M, mt nm c 360 ngy chia cho 12 thng, mt thng c 30 ngy. * 1 : Tnh ton theo s ngy thc t ca nm v s ngy thc t ca tng thng * 2 : Tnh ton theo mt nm c 360 ngy, nhng s ngy l s ngy thc t ca tng thng * 3 : Tnh ton theo mt nm c 365 ngy, v s ngy l s ngy thc t ca tng thng * 4 : Tnh ton theo kiu Chu u,mi thng c 30 ngy (nu start_date hoc end_date m ri vo ngy 31 ca mt thng th chng s c i thnh ngy 30 ca thng ) V d: Tnh t l gia ngy 15/3/2010 v ngy 30/7/2010 so vi 1 nm: YEARFRAC("15/3/2010", "30/7/2010") = 37% Tnh s ngy chnh lch theo kiu mt nm c 360 ngy Hin nay, vn cn mt s h thng k ton dng kiu tnh thi gian l mt thng coi nh c 30 ngy v mt nm coi nh c 360 ngy! Gp trng hp ny, vic tnh ton thi gian s khng n gin, v thc t th s ngy trong mi thng u c ging nhau. C l v ngh n chuyn , nn Excel c mt hm dnh ring cho cc h thng k ton da trn c s mt nm c 360 ngy, l hm DAYS360. Hm DAYS360()

C php: = DAYS360(start_date, end_date [, method]) start_date, end_date: Ngy thng i din cho ngy bt u v ngy kt thc ca khong thi gian cn tnh ton. Nn nhp bng hm DATE(), hoc dng mt kt qu tr v ca mt cng thc khc, v c th s xy ra li nu bn nhp trc tip ngy thng di dng text. method: Mt gi tr logic (TRUE, FALSE) ch cch tnh ton, theo kiu chu u hay theo kiu M. * FALSE: (hoc khng nhp) Tnh ton theo kiu M: Nu start_date l ngy 31 ca thng, th n c i thnh ngy 30 ca thng . Nu end_date l ngy 31 ca thng v start_date nh hn 30, th end_date c i thnh ngy 1 ca thng k tip. * TRUE: Tnh ton theo kiu chu u: H start_date hoc end_date m ri vo ngy 31 ca mt thng th chng s c i thnh ngy 30 ca thng . V d: So snh s ngy chnh lch gia 01/01/2008 v 31/5/2008 theo kiu mt nm c 360 ngy v theo kiu thng (dng hm DATEDIF) DAYS360("01/01/2008", "31/5/2008") = 150 DAYS360("01/01/2008", "31/5/2008", TRUE) = 149 DATEDIF("01/01/2008", "31/5/2008", "d") = 151 Tnh s ngy lm vic gia hai khong thi gian Bnh thng, nu ly ngy thng tr ngy thng, kt qu s bao gm lun nhng ngy l, ngy ngh, v.v... Cn nu tnh s ngy lm vic trong mt khong thi gian, th phi tr bt i nhng ngy khng lm vic. Trong Excel c mt hm chuyn tnh ton nhng ngy lm vic gia hai khong thi gian m khng bao gm cc ngy th By, Ch Nht v nhng ngy ngh khc c ch nh: Hm NETWORKDAYS (ng nguyn ngha ca n: net workdays). D nhin hm ny ch thch hp vi nhng c quan lm vic 5 ngy mt tun, ch nh chng ta, lm tut, c khi l 365 ngy mt nm (hic) th hm ny v tc dng! Hm NETWORKDAYS() C php: = NETWORKDAYS(start_date, end_date [, holidays])

start_date, end_date: Ngy thng i din cho ngy bt u v ngy kt thc cng vic. Nn nhp bng hm DATE(), hoc dng mt kt qu tr v ca mt cng thc khc, v c th s xy ra li nu bn nhp trc tip ngy thng di dng text. holidays: Danh sch nhng ngy ngh ngoi nhng ngy th By v Ch Nht. Danh sch ny c th l mt vng c t tn. Nu nhp trc tip th phi b trong cp du mc {}. V d: Cng thc tnh s ngy lm vic gia ngy 1/12/2010 v ngy 10/1/2011, trong c ngh ngy Noel (25/12) v ngy Tt Ty (1/1): = NETWORKDAYS("01/12/2010", "10/01/2011", {"12/25/2007", "1/1/2011"}) Hm DATEDIF() C l cch d nht khi mun tnh ton ngy thng nm l dng hm DATEDIF(). C php: = DATEDIF(start_day, end_day, unit) start_day: Ngy u end_day: Ngy cui (phi ln hn ngy u) unit: Chn loi kt qu tr v (khi dng trong hm phi g trong du ngoc kp) y : s nm chnh lch gia ngy u v ngy cui m : s thng chnh lch gia ngy u v ngy cui d : s ngy chnh lch gia ngy u v ngy cui md : s ngy chnh lch gia ngy u v thng ngy cui, m khng ph thuc vo s nm v s thng ym : s thng chnh lch gia ngy u v ngy cui, m khng ph thuc vo s nm v s ngy yd : s ngy chnh lch gia ngy u v ngy cui, m khng ph thuc vo s nm V d: DATEDIF("01/01/2000", "31/12/2100", "y") = 100 (nm) DATEDIF("01/01/2000", "31/12/2100", "m") = 1211 (thng) DATEDIF("01/01/2000", "31/12/2100", "d") = 36889 (ngy)

DATEDIF("01/01/2000", "31/12/2100", "md") = 30 (= ngy 31 - ngy 1) DATEDIF("01/01/2000", "31/12/2100", "ym") = 11 (= thng 12 - thng 1) DATEDIF("01/01/2000", "31/12/2100", "yd") = 365 (= ngy 31/12 - ngy 1/1) *Tnh tui (2): bi trc, ti a ra mt ci cng thc tnh tui di thong nh vy: = YEAR(NOW() - YEAR(Birthdate) - (DATE(YEAR(NOW()), MONTH(Birthdate), DAY(Birthdate)) > TODAY()) l khi cha bit n hm DATEDIF(). By gi, vi DATEDIF(), cng thc trn ch ngn nh vy thi, m ra kt qu vn chnh xc: = DATEDIF(Birthdate, TODAY(), "y") V d, hm nay l ngy 09/01/2007: * Vi ngy sinh l 05/01/1969 ( t chc sinh nht ri), DATEDIF("05/01/1969", TODAY(), "y") = 39 * Nhng vi ngy sinh l 11/1/1969 (cha t chc sinh nht), DATEDIF("11/01/1969", TODAY(), "y") = 38 *Tm mt gi, pht, giy no tnh t lc ny Nh ti ni trn, hm TIME() s t ng iu chnh kt qu ca mt gi tr thi gian khi nhng thng s trong hm khng hp l (gi > 24, pht v giy > 60). V do , khi cn tnh ton hoc tm mt gi tr thi gian no k t lc ny (hoc bt k lc no), ngi ta thng s dng hm TIME(). V d, cng thc sau y s cho ra kt qu l thi gian vo 12 ting na k t lc ny: = TIME(HOUR(NOW()) + 12, MINUTE(NOW()), SECOND(NOW())) Khng ging nh hm DATE(), bn khng th n gin cng thm gi, pht, hay giy trong hm TIME(). V d cng thc sau y ch lm mi chuyn l tng thm 1 ngy vo ngy thng nm v thi gian hin ti: = NOW() + 1

Nu bn mun cng thm gi, pht, hay giy vo mt gi tr thi gian, bn phi tnh thi gian cng thm theo mt t l ca mt ngy. V d, bi v mt ngy th c 24 gi, nn mt gi c tnh nh l 1/24. Cng vy, bi v mt gi th c 60 pht, nn mt pht s c tnh nh l 1/24/60 (ca mt ngy). V cui cng, bi v c 60 giy trong mt pht, nn 1 giy trong mt ngy s c tnh bng 1/24/60/60. *Tnh tng thi gian Khi tnh tng thi gian, bn nn phn bit hai trng hp sau y: * Cng thm gi, pht, giy: V d, by gi l 8 gi, cng thm 2 ting na, l 10 gi... Hoc by gi l 23 gi, cng thm 3 ting na l 2 gi sng (ch khng phi 26 gi)... Nu cng kiu ny th bn c cng bnh thng, dng hm TIME() v nu cn th theo bng hng dn trn. * Cng tng thi gian lm vic: Mi ngy ti lm vic 18 ting, vy hai ngy ti lm my ting? l 36 ting. Nhng nu bn dng format bnh thng dng thi gian th Excel n s t quy ra (36-24) = 12:00... c kt qu l 36:00, bn phi nh dng thi gian cho theo kiu: [h]:mm:ss (gi nm trong mt cp du ngoc vung) Ly li nh dng ngy thng i khi, bn nhn c mt ci database m khng hiu v mt l do g , cell cha ngy thng nm n nh sau: 20070823, ngha l n c nh dng theo kiu YYYYMMDD. Trng hp ny, khng th dng Format Cell ca Excel nh dng li, m bn phi dng n hm DATE(year, month, day) v cc hm x l text, v d hm LEFT(), MID() v RIGHT() ly cc tr s ngy, thng, nm cho hm DATE(): Ti gi s con s 20070823 ny ang nm cell A1, th cng thc LEFT(A1, 4) s cho ta tr s ca nm, MID(A1, 3, 2) s cho tr s ca thng v RIGHT(A1, 2) s cho tr s ca ngy. Gi s trong Control Panel ca bn nh dng ngy thng nm theo kiu dd/mm/yyyy, v cell nhn kt qu ca bn c nh dng theo kiu ngy thng nm,

bn dng hm DATE(year, month, day) vi 3 tham s l 3 cng thc va lm trn, ta s c: =DATE(LEFT(A1, 4), MID(A1, 5, 2), RIGHT(A1, 2)) 23/8/2007 HM TM KIM V THAM CHIU Bao gm cc hm tm kim v tham chiu rt hu ch khi bn lm vic vi CSDL ln trong EXCEL nh k ton, tnh lng, thu... =ADDRESS(row_num, column_num [, abs_num] [, a1] [, sheet_text]) Dng to a ch dng chui k t, theo ch s dng v ch s ct c cung cp. row_num: S th t dng ca a ch column_num: S th t ct ca a ch abs_num: Kiu a ch (tuyt i hay tng i) - mc nh l tuyt i a1: Dng a ch (=TRUE: dng A1; =FALSE: dng R1C1) - mc nh l TRUE sheet_text: Tn ca sheet cha a ch - mc nh l khng c =AREAS(reference) Tr v s vng tham chiu trong mt tham chiu. Mi vng tham chiu c th l mt ri rc hoc l mt dy lin tc trong bng tnh. reference: L mt hoc nhiu vng tham chiu m bn cn m. Nu mun a nhiu vng ri rc nhau vo cng thc th bn phn cch chng bng du phy, nu khng ngn bng du phy, Excel s khng m (xem v d 3 di y) =CHOOSE Tr v gi tr trong mng gi tr ti v tr c ch nh. =COLUMN(reference) Tr v s th t ct ca u tin gc trn bn tri ca vng tham chiu. reference: L hoc mt vng nhiu . Nu reference b trng th COLUMN() tr v s th t ct ca cha cng thc. =COLUMNS(array) Tr v s ct ca vng tham chiu. array: L hoc mt vng nhiu , mng tham chiu =HYPERLINK(link_location, friendly_name) To mt siu lin kt, mt lin kt m mt ti liu...

link_location: ng dn n ti liu cn m, nhp dng chui k t. Link_location c th ch n mt c bit, tn ca mt dy trong mt trang bng tnh hoc mt bng tnh, hoc ch n mt nh du (bookmark) trong Microsoft Excel. Link_location cng c th ch n mt tp tin lu trn cng, hoc mt ng dn truy xut ni b trn mt my ch hoc mt ng dn ti nguyn URL trn mng intranet, internet. - Link_location c th l mt chui k t t trong du nhy kp, hoc mt no cha ng dn di dng chui k t. - Nu link_location lin kt n mt ti nguyn khng tn ti, s xut hin li khi bn kch vo cha hm HYPERLINK() ny. firendly_name: L ni dung hin th trong cha hm HYPERLINK(), c th l mt s, hoc chui k t. Ni dung ny s hin th bng mu xanh v c gch chn, nu khng c firendly_name th chnh link_location s hin th. - Firendly_name c th l mt gi tr, mt chui k t, mt tn mng, hoc mt lin kt n mt gi tr hoc mt chui vn bn. - Nu firendly_name lin kt n mt gi tr b li, th chnh tn ci li s c hin th thay th cho ni dung bn cn. V d: =HYPERLINK("http://example.microsoft.com/report/bu dget report.xls", "Click for report") s hin th: Click for report, v khi bn click vo ny, Excel s m bng tnh budget report.xls ca trang web http://example.microsoft.com/report =HYPERLINK("F:\GPE\book2.xls",F10) s hin th ni dung ca F10 v khi bn click vo ny, Excel s m bng tnh book2.xls th mc GPE ca F =HYPERLINK("F:\GPE\book2.xls",F10) s hin th ni dung ca F10 v khi bn click vo ny, Excel s m bng tnh book2.xls th mc GPE ca F =MATCH Tr v v tr ca mt gi tr trong bng d liu

=INDEX Tr v mt gi tr trong bng d liu tng ng vi ch mc ca n. Tm kim trong nhiu ct i khi, cc d liu dng tm kim khng nm mt ct m trong nhiu ct. V d, bn c mt danh sch c tch sn h v tn ring ra hai ct. Ngi ta yu cu da vo h v tn xc nh chc v. Chng ta c th dng mt ct ph ni h v tn li ri tm theo ct ph... Nhng c l khng cn, v ti s dng hm INDEX() v MATCH() vi cng thc mng. Hm MATCH() c mt c php t ngi bit n, l: =MATCH(value1 & value2, array1 & array2, match_type) value1 & value2 l cc d liu tm (v d h v tn) array1 & array2 l cc ct (hoc hng) cha cc d liu dng tm kim V y l c php dng INDEX() ghp vi MATCH() trong cng thc mng: {=INDEX(reference, MATCH(value1 & value2, array1 & array2, match_type))} =INDIRECT(ref_text [, a1]) ref_text l tham chiu ti mt (c th l dng A1 hoc dng R1C1), l tn nh ngha ca mt tham chiu, hoc l mt tham chiu dng chui. -Nu ref_text khng hp l, INDIRECT() s bo li #REF! -Nu ref_text cha tham chiu n mt bng tnh khc th bng tnh ny phi ang m, nu khng, INDIRECT() cng bo li #REF! a1 l gi tr logic xc nh dng tham chiu bn trong ref_text. a1 = TRUE (hoc l 1, hoc khng nhp) l kiu tham chiu A1 a1 = FALSE (hoc l 2) l kiu tham chiu R1C1 Tr v gi tr ca mt tham chiu t chui k t. Tham chiu c tr v ngay tc thi hin th ni dung ca chng. Cng c th dng hm INDIRECT khi mun thay i tham chiu ti mt bn trong mt cng thc m khng cn thay i cng thc .

=LOOKUP D tm mt gi tr Hm LOOKUP Dng d tm mt gi tr t mt dng hoc mt ct trong mt dy hoc mt mng gi tr. Hm LOOKUP() c hai dng: Vec-t (vector form) v Mng (array form) * Dng Vec-t: LOOKUP() tm kim trn mt dng hoc mt ct, nu tm thy s tr v gi tr ca cng v tr trn dng (hoc ct) c ch nh. * Dng Mng: LOOKUP() tm kim trn dng (hoc ct) u tin ca mt mng gi tr, nu tm thy s tr v gi tr ca cng v tr trn dng (hoc ct) cui cng trong mng . Vector form (dng vec-t) C php: LOOKUP(lookup_value, lookup_vector, result_vector) lookup_value: L gi tr LOOKUP() s tm kim trong lookup_vector. N c th l mt s, mt k t, mt gi tr logic, mt tn c nh ngha ca mt vng hoc mt tham chiu n mt gi tr. lookup_vector: L mt vng m ch gm mt dng (hoc mt ct) c cha lookup_value. Nhng gi tr cha trong vng ny c th l mt s, mt k t hoc mt gi tr logic. - lookup_vector phi c sp xp theo th t tng dn, nu khng, LOOKUP() c th cho kt qu khng chnh xc. - Nu khng tm thy lookup_value trong lookup_vector th LOOKUP() s ly gi tr ln nht m nh hn hoc bng lookup_value. - Nu lookup_value nh hn gi tr nh nht trong lookup_vector th LOOKUP() s bo li #NA! result_vector: L mt vng m ch gm mt dng (hoc mt ct) cha gi tr tr v. Kch thc ca result_vector bt buc phi bng kch thc ca lookup_vector. ^^ Array form (dng mng) C php: LOOKUP(lookup_value, array) lookup_value: L gi tr LOOKUP() s tm kim trong array. N c th l mt s, mt k t, mt gi tr logic, mt tn c nh ngha ca mt vng hoc mt tham chiu n mt gi tr.

- Nu khng tm thy lookup_value trong array th LOOKUP() s ly gi tr ln nht m nh hn hoc bng lookup_value. - Nu lookup_value nh hn gi tr nh nht trong ct hoc hng u tin trong array th LOOKUP() s bo li #NA! array: L mt vng cha lookup_value, c th l s, k t, hoc gi tr logic. Dng mng ca LOOKUP() gn tng ng nh hm VLOOKUP() hoc HLOOKUP(). Khc bit ch VLOOKUP() v HLOOKUP() tm kim trn ct (hoc dng) u tin, cn LOOKUP() tm kim trn ct hoc trn dng ty thuc vo dng mng c khai bo: - Nu array l mng c s ct nhiu hn s dng th LOOKUP() s tm trn dng u tin. - Nu array l mng c s dng nhiu hn s ct th LOOKUP() s tm trn ct u tin. - Trng hp array l mng c s dng bng s ct th LOOKUP() s tm trn ct u tin. - VLOOKUP() v HLOOKUP() ly kt qu trn ct (hoc) dng c ch nh, cn LOOKUP() lun lun ly kt qu trn dng (hoc ct) cui cng. - Cc gi tr trn dng (hoc ct) u tin ca array phi c sp xp theo th t tng dn, nu khng, LOOKUP() c th cho kt qu khng chnh xc. Hm GETPIVOTDATA() Tr v d liu c lu gi trong bo co PivotTable. C th dng GETPIVOTDATA() ly d liu tng kt t mt bo co PivotTable, vi iu kin l phi thy c d liu tng kt t trong bo co . nhanh chng nhp cng thc GETPIVOTDATA(), bn c th g du = vo mun nhn d liu tng kt, ri nhp vo cha s liu tng kt ca bo co PivotTable. C php: = GETPIVOTDATA(data_field, pivot_table, field1, item1, field2, item2,...) data_field : Tn trng cha d liu tng kt ca bo co PivotTable. Tn ny phi c t trong mt cp du nhy kp. pivot_data : Tham chiu n mt , dy , hoc tn dy bn trong mt bo co PivotTable. Thng tin ny c dng xc nh bo co PivotTable no cha d liu tr v.

field1, item1, field2, item2,... : C th c t 1 n 126 (vi Excel 2003 tr v trc th con s ny ch l 14) cp tn field v item m t d liu mun tr v. Nhng cp ny c th thuc bt c loi no. Nu tn field v item khng l ngy thng hoc s liu, cn phi t chng trong cp du nhy kp. i vi loi bo co OLAP PivotTable, items c th bao gm y ng dn ln tn ca item. Mt cp field v item ca OLAP PivotTable c th nh sau: "[Product]","[Product].[All Products].[Foods].[Baked Goods]" Lu : * Cc field hay item tnh ton v cc php tnh t to c th c t trong php tnh GETPIVOTDATA. * Nu pivot_table l mt dy c cha nhiu hn 1 bo co PivotTable, d liu tr v s l t bo co c to ra sau cng. * Nu i s field v cc i s ca item m t ch mi mt , gi tr ca s c tr v m khng cn bit gi tr l chui, l s, l li, hay l mt th g ... * Nu item cha ngy thng, gi tr phi c biu din di dng mt chui s hoc c thit lp bng cch dng hm DATE() gi tr s khng bin i khi bng tnh c m mt my khc, c h thng nh dng ngy thng khc vi ni to ra n. V d, mt item tham chiu ti ngy 5 thng 3 nm 1999 c th c nhp l 36224 hay DATE(1999, 3, 5). Thi gian c th c nhp nh mt gi tr thp phn hoc bng cch dng hm TIME(). * Nu pivot_table khng phi l mt dy c cha bo co PivotTable, GETPIVOTDATA() s tr v li #REF! * Nu cc i s miu t mt field khng th thy c, hoc nu chng gm mt trng khng hin th, GETPIVOTDATA() cng s tr v li #REF! Hm DGET() Trch mt gi tr t mt ct ca mt danh sch hay c s d liu, khp vi iu kin c ch nh. C php: = DGET(database, field, criteria) =OFFSET(reference, rows, cols [, height] [, width]) Tr v mt vng tham chiu t mt vng xut pht.

y l mt trong nhng hm rt hay ca Excel, v c ng dng rt nhiu. N dng tham chiu n mt vng no , bt u t mt , hoc mt dy , vi mt khong cch c ch nh. reference: L vng m bn mun lm im xut pht tham chiu n vng khc. Reference phi ch n mt hoc mt dy lin tc, nu khng, hm s bo li #VALUE! rows: S dng di ln (hoc xung) tnh t reference, nhp s dng nu mun di xung, hoc s m nu mun di ln. cols: S ct di sang phi tri (hoc phi) tnh t reference, nhp s dng nu mun di sang phi, hoc s m nu mun di sang tri. height: L s dng ( cao) ca vng tham chiu cn tr v. width: L s ct ( rng) ca vng tham chiu cn tr v. Ghi ch: * Nu s dng (rows) hoc ct (cols) vt ra ngoi phm vi bng tnh, hm s bo li #REF! * cao (height) v rng (width) nu khng nhp, th xem nh n bng vi cao v rng ca vng xut pht (reference) =ROW(reference) Tr v s th t dng ca u tin trong dy . Tr v s th t dng ca u tin gc trn bn tri ca vng tham chiu. reference: L hoc mt vng nhiu . Nu reference b trng th ROW() tr v s th t ct ca cha cng thc. =ROWS(array) Tr v s dng ca vng tham chiu. array: L hoc mt vng nhiu , mng tham chiu =TRANSPOSE(array) Chuyn mt vng d liu ngang thnh dc v ngc li. Hm TRANSPOSE() lun lun c nhp dng cng thc mng (nhn Ctrl-Shift-Enter sau khi nhp) array: L mng d liu cn hon chuyn

Nu s ct trong vng nhp cng thc nhiu hn s hng ca array, hoc s hng trong vng nhp cng thc nhiu hn s ct ca array, hm s bo li #NA ti nhng b d ra. =VLOOKUP(gi tr tm, vng cn tm, ct cn ly, cch tm) D tm mt gi tr trn ct u tin v tr v ... Hm tm kim v tham chiu theo ct. Vng cn tm: thng ch gi tr tuyt i: $ Ct cn ly: vng cn tm. Cch tm: Tm theo 2 gi tr: 0: Ct bn tri ca vng cn tm khng sp xp (ngm nh) 1: Sp xp tng dn. =HLOOKUP(gi tr tm, vng cn tm, hng cn ly, cch tm) D tm mt gi tr trn hng u tin v tr v ... - ging hm VLOOKUP f. HM TON HC V LNG GIC Bao gm cc hm v ton hc v lng gic gip bn c th gii mt bi ton i s, gii tch, hoc lng gic t tiu hc n i hc... Lu n quy cch hin th s ca VN v ca US. lun nhp p mt gi tr kiu s bn hy s dng bn phm s. =ABS Tnh tr tuyt i ca mt s =ACOS Tnh nghch o cosin =ACOSH Tnh nghch o cosin hyperbol =ASIN Tnh nghch o sin =ASINH Tnh nghch o sin hyperbol =ATAN Tnh nghch o tang =ATAN2 Tnh nghch o tang vi ta =ATANH Tnh nghch o tang hyperbol

=CEILING L trn n bi s gn nht =COMBIN Tnh t hp t s phn t chn =COS Tnh cosin ca mt gc =COSH Tnh cosin hyperbol =DEGREES i radians sang =EVEN Lm trn mt s n s nguyn chn gn nht. =EXP Tnh ly tha c s e =FACT Tnh giai tha ca mt s =FACTDOUBLE Tnh ly tha cp 2 =FLOOR Lm trn xung n bi s gn nht do bn ch. =GCD Tm c s chung ln nht =INT(X) Lm trn xung s nguyn gn nht (Hm ly gi tr l phn nguyn-Hm cho gi tr l phn nguyn ca X) =LCM Tm bi s chung nh nht =LN Tnh logarit c s t nhin ca mt s =LOG Tnh logarit =LOG10 Tnh logarit c s 10 =MDETERM Tnh nh thc ca ma trn =MINVERSE Tm ma trn nghch o =MMULT Tnh tch 2 ma trn =MOD(a,b) Hm cho gi tr l phn d ca php chia a:b =MROUND Lm trn mt s n bi s ca s khc. =MULTINOMIAL T l giai tha tng vi tch cc giai tha ca cc s. =ODD Lm trn n mt s nguyn l gn nht.

=PI Tr v gi tr pi =POWER Tnh ly tha ca mt s =PRODUCT Tnh tch cc s =QUOTIENT Ly phn nguyn ca php chia =RADIANS i sang radians. =RAND Tr v mt s ngu nhin trong khong 0 v 1 =RANDBETWEEN Tr v mt s ngu nhin trong khong do bn ch nh Hm ROMAN() Dng chuyn i mt s dng -rp sang dng s La-m C php: = ROMAN(number, form) number: S cn chuyn i form: dng chuyn i 0 (hoc TRUE, hoc khng nhp): Dng c in 1 cho n 3: Dng c in nhng c rt gn, s cng ln rt gn cng nhiu (xem thm v d) 4 (hoc FALSE): Dng hin i Ch : * number phi l s dng, nu number < 0 hm s bo li #VALUE! * Nu number l s thp phn, ROMAN() ch chuyn i phn nguyn ca n * Hm ROMAN() ch x l c ti s ln nht l 3999, nu number > 3999 hm s bo li #VALUE! * Sau khi chuyn i, kt qu s l mt d liu dng text, v khng th tnh ton vi n c na V d: ROMAN(499, 0) = CDXCIX = ROMAN(499) = ROMAN(499, TRUE) ROMAN(499, 1) = LDVLIV

ROMAN(499, 2) = XDIX ROMAN(499, 3) = VDIV ROMAN(499, 4) = ID = ROMAN(499, FALSE) ROMAN(2008) = MMVIII =ROUND(X,n) Hm lm trn n s ca X Nu n dng (n>0) s lm trn s bn phi k t v tr du chm thp phn. Nu n m (n<0) s lm trn s bn tri k t v tr du chm thp phn. =ROUNDDOWN Lm trn mt s hng xung zero =ROUNDUP Lm trn mt s hng ra xa zero. =SIN Tnh sin ca mt gc =SINH Tnh sin hyperbol ca mt s =SUM Tnh tng ca cc s =DSUM (vng d liu, ct gi tr, vng tiu chun) Hm tnh tng trong ct gi tr tho mn iu kin ca vng tiu chun trong vng d liu. VD: Tnh tng tin lng nhng ngi 26 tui. Hm SUMIF() Tnh tng cc trong mt vng tha mt iu kin cho trc. C php: = SUMIF(range, criteria, sum_range) Range : Dy cc tnh tng, c th l cha s, tn, mng, hay tham chiu n cc cha s. rng v cha gi tr text s c b qua. Criteria : iu kin tnh tng. C th dng s, biu thc, hoc text. V d, criteria c th l 32, "32", "> 32", hoc "apple", v.v... Sum_range : L vng thc s tnh tng. Nu b qua, Excel s coi nh sum_range = range. Lu :

* Sum_range khng nht thit phi cng kch thc vi range. Vng thc s tnh tng c xc nh bng u tin pha trn bn tri ca sum_range, v bao gm thm nhng tng ng vi kch thc ca range. V d: - Nu Range l A1:A5, Sum_range l B1:B5, th vng thc s tnh tng l B1:B5 - Nu Range l A1:A5, Sum_range l B1:B3, th vng thc s tnh tng l B1:B5 - Nu Range l A1:B4, Sum_range l C1:D4, th vng thc s tnh tng l C1:D4 - Nu Range l A1:B4, Sum_range l C1:D2, th vng thc s tnh tng l C1:D4 * C th dng cc k t i din trong iu kin: du ? i din cho mt k t, du * i din cho nhiu k t (nu nh iu kin l tm nhng du ? hoc *, th g thm du ~ trc du ? hay *). * Khi iu kin tnh tng l nhng k t, SUMIF() khng phn bit ch thng hay ch hoa. Hm SUMIFS() Tnh tng cc trong mt vng tha nhiu iu kin cho trc. C php: = SUMIFS(sum_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, criteria_range2, criteria2, ...) Sum_range : Dy cc tnh tng, c th l cha s, tn, mng, hay tham chiu n cc cha s. rng v cha gi tr text s c b qua. Criteria_range1, criteria_range2... : C th c t 1 n 127 vng dng lin kt vi cc iu kin cho vng. Criteria1, criteria2... : C th c t 1 n 127 iu kin tnh tng. Chng c th dng s, biu thc, hoc text. V d, criteria c th l 32, "32", "> 32", hoc "apple", v.v... Lu : * Mi trong sum_range ch c tnh tng nu tt c cc iu kin tng ng vi u ng. Nu tha cc iu kin, n s bng 1, cn khng, th n bng 0. * Khng ging nh nhng i s range v criteria ca hm SUMIF, trong hm SUMIFS, mi vng criteria_range phi c cng kch thc v hnh dng ging nh sum_range. * C th dng cc k t i din trong cc iu kin: du ? i din cho mt k t, du * i din cho nhiu k t (nu nh iu kin l tm nhng du ? hoc *, th g thm du ~ trc du ? hay *)

* Khi iu kin m l nhng k t, SUMIFS() khng phn bit ch thng hay ch hoa. Hm SUMSQ() Dng tnh tng cc bnh phng ca cc s C php: = SUMSQ(number1, number2, ...) number1, number2, ... : C th dng n 255 tham s (vi Excel 2003 tr v trc, con s ny ch l 30) Cc tham s (number) c th l mt s, l mt mng, mt tn, hay l mt tham chiu n mt cha s, v.v... V d: SUMSQ(3, 4) = (3^2) + (4^2) = 9 + 16 = 25 Ba hm sau y c cch dng v c php tng t nhau: Hm SUMX2MY2(), Hm SUMXPY2() v Hm SUMXMY2() d nh tn ca ba hm ny, bn c chng t tri sang phi vi cc quy c sau: SUM = Tng, M (Minus) = Tr (hiu s), P (Plus) = Cng (tng s), 2 = Bnh phng, X v Y l hai mng g , c cha nhiu phn t x v y Vy, nh ngha v cch tnh ton ca 3 hm ny l: = SUMX2MY2: Tng ca hiu hai bnh phng ca cc phn t tng ng trong 2 mng d liu = SUMX2PY2: Tng ca tng hai bnh phng ca cc phn t tng ng trong 2 mng d liu = SUMXMY2: Tng ca bnh phng ca hiu cc phn t tng ng trong 2 mng d liu C php: = SUMX2MY2(array_x, array_y) = SUMX2PY2(array_x, array_y) = SUMXMY2(array_x, array_y) array_x v array_y l cc dy hoc gi tr kiu mng Lu : * array_x v array_y bt buc phi c cng kch thc, nu khng, hm s bo li #NA!

* Nu trong array_x hoc array_y c nhng gi tr kiu text, kiu logic hoc rng, th s c b qua (khng tnh), tuy nhin cc gi tr = 0 vn c tnh. =TAN Tnh tang ca mt gc =TANH Tnh tang hyperbol ca mt s =TRUNC Ct bt phn thp phn ca s Hm SUMPRODUCT() Tnh tng cc tch cc phn t tng ng trong cc mng gi tr Sum = Tng-Product = Tch SUMPRODUCT = Tng ca tch (cc mng d liu) C php: = SUMPRODUCT(array1, array2, ...) array1, array2, ... : C th dng t 2 ti 255 mng (vi Excel 2003 tr v trc th con s ny ch l 30) v cc mng ny phi cng kch thc vi nhau Lu : * Nu cc mng khng cng kch thc, SUMPRODUCT s bo li #VALUE! * Bt k mt phn t no trong mng khng phi l d liu kiu s, s c SUMPRODUCT coi nh bng 0 (zero) Hm SUBTOTAL l mt hm rt linh hot nhng cng l mt trong cc hm hi kh s dng ca Excel. iu kh hiu th nht chnh l ci tn ca n, v n thc s lm c nhiu th hn ngha ca tn hm. i s th nht ca hm bt buc bn phi nh con s i din cho php tnh cn thc hin trn tp s liu (trong Excel 2010 c tnh nng AutoComplete gip chng ta khi nh cc con s ny). Hm SUBTOTAL c Microsoft nng cp k t phin bn Excel 2003 vi s gia tng cc tu chn cho i s th nht ca hm, tuy nhin iu ny dn n s khng tng thch vi cc phin bn c nu chng ta s dng cc tnh nng mi b sung ny. i s u tin ca ca hm SUBTOTAL xc nh hm thc s no s c s dng khi tnh ton (xem trong danh sch bn di). V d nu i s l 1 th hm SUBTOTAL hot ng ging nhng hm AVERAGE, nu i s th nht l 9 th hm hm SUBTOTAL hot ng ging nhng hm SUM.

SUBTOTAL l hm tnh ton cho mt nhm con trong mt danh sch hoc bng d liu tu theo php tnh m bn chn la trong i s th nht. C php: = SUBTOTAL(function_num, ref1, ref2,...) Function_num: Cc con s t 1 n 11 (hay 101 n 111) qui nh hm no s c dng tnh ton trong SUBTOTAL Ref1, ref2: Cc vng a ch tham chiu m bn mun thc hin php tnh trn . Trong Excel 2010, bn c th dng n 254 ref (vi Excel 2003 tr v trc th con s ny ch l 29) Ghi ch: * Nu c hm SUBTOTAL khc t lng trong cc i s ref1, ref2,... th cc hm lng ny s b b qua khng c tnh, nhm trnh trng hp tnh ton 2 ln. * i s function_num nu t 1 n 11 th hm SUBTOTAL tnh ton bao gm c cc gi tr n trong tp s liu (hng n). i s function_num nu t 101 n 111 th hm SUBTOTAL ch tnh ton cho cc gi tr khng n trong tp s liu (b qua cc gi tr n). * Hm SUBTOTAL s b qua khng tnh ton tt c cc hng b n bi lnh Filter (Auto Filter) m khng ph thuc vo i s function_num c dng (1 ging 101...). * Hm SUBTOTAL c thit k tnh ton cho cc ct s liu theo chiu dc, n khng c thit k tnh theo chiu ngang. * Hm ny ch tnh ton cho d liu 2-D, do vy nu d liu tham chiu dng 3-D (V d v tham chiu 3-D: =SUM(Sheet2:Sheet13!B5) th hm SUBTOTAL bo li #VALUE! Hm SQRT() Dng tnh cn bc hai ca mt s C php: = SQRT(number) number: S thc, dng (nu number < 0 hm s bo li #NUM!) V d: Gi s A2, c con s -16 SQRT(16) = 4

SQRT(A2) = #NUM! SQRT(ABS(A2)) = 4 Hm SQRTPI() Dng tnh cn bc hai ca mt s nhn vi Pi (= 3.14159265358979) C php: = SQRTPI(number) number: S thc, dng nhn vi Pi (nu number < 0 hm s bo li #NUM!) V d: Gi s A2, c con s -16 SQRT(1) = 1.772454 (cn bc hai ca Pi) SQRT(2) = 2.506628 (cn bc hai ca 2*Pi) Hm SIGN() Tr v du ca s: 1 nu l s dng, 0 (zero) nu l s 0 v -1 nu l s m. C php: = SIGN(number) V d: SIGN(10) = 1 SIGN(4-4) = 0 SIGN(-0.057) = -1 Hm SERIESSUM() Dng tnh tng ly tha ca mt chui s, theo cng thc sau y: series (x, n, m, a) = a1*x^n + a2*x^(n+m) + a3*x^(n+2m) + ... + ai*x^(n+(i-1)m) C php: = SERIESSUM(x, n, m, coefficients) x : gi tr nhp vo cho chui ly tha n : ly tha khi to tng ti x m : bc tng cho mi phn t trong chui coefficients : tp hp h s s c nhn vi mi ly tha ca x

Cc thng s ny phi l cc d liu kiu s, nu khng, hm s bo li #VALUE! V d: SERIESSUM(5, 0, 2, {1, 2, 3, 4}) = 64,426 Din gii chi tit: (x = 5, n = 0, m = 2, coefficients = 1, 2, 3, 4) =1*5^0 + 2*5^(0+2) + 3*5^(0+2*2) + 4*5^(0+3*2) = 64426 HM THNG K Bao gm cc hm s gip bn gii quyt cc bi ton thng k t n gin n phc tp. =AVEDEV Tnh bnh qun phn cc =AVERAGE(vng) Tnh trung bnh cng cc s. =AVERAGEA Tnh trung bnh cng cc gi tr =DAVERAGE (vng d liu, ct cn tnh, vng tiu chun) Hm tnh trung bnh cc gi tr trong ct tho mn iu kin ca vng tiu chun trong vng d liu. Hm AVERAGEIF() Tr v trung bnh cng (s hc) ca tt c cc c chn tha mn mt iu kin cho trc. C php: = AVERAGEIF(range, criteria, average_range) range : L mt hoc nhiu cn tnh trung bnh, c th bao gm cc con s, cc tn vng, cc mng hoc cc tham chiu n cc gi tr... criteria : L iu kin di dng mt s, mt biu thc, a ch hoc chui, qui nh vic tnh trung bnh cho nhng no... average_range : L tp hp cc tht s c tnh trung bnh. Nu b trng th Excel dng range tnh. Lu : * Cc trong range nu c cha nhng gi tr lun l (TRUE hoc FALSE) th s c b qua. * Nhng rng trong average_range cng s c b qua. * Nu range rng hoc c cha d liu text, AVERAGEIF s bo li #DIV/0!

* Nu c mt no trong criteria rng, AVERAGEIF s xem nh n bng 0. * Nu khng c no trong range tha mn iu kiu ca criteria, AVERAGEIF s bo li #DIV/0! * Bn c th cc k t i din nh ?, * trong criteria (du ? thay cho mt k t no , v du * thay cho mt chui no ). Khi iu kin trong criteria l chnh cc du ? hoc *, th bn g thm du ~ trc n. * average_range khng nht thit phi c cng kch thc vi range, m cc thc s c tnh trung bnh s dng trn cng bn tri ca average_range lm bt u, v bao gm thm nhng tng ng vi kch thc ca range. Hm AVERAGEIFS() Tr v trung bnh cng (s hc) ca tt c cc c chn tha mn nhiu iu kin cho trc. C php: = AVERAGEIFS(average_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, criteria_range2, criteria2, ...) average_range : Vng cn tnh trung bnh, c th bao gm cc con s, cc tn vng, cc mng hoc cc tham chiu n cc gi tr... criteria_range1, criteria_range2, ... : Vng cha nhng iu kin tnh trung bnh. C th khai bo t 1 n 127 vng. criteria1, criteria2, ... : L cc iu kin tnh trung bnh. C th khai bo t 1 n 127 iu kin, di dng s, biu thc, tham chiu hoc chui... Lu : * Nu average_range rng hoc c cha d liu text, AVERAGEIFS s bo li #DIV/0! * Nu c mt no trong nhng vng criteria_range rng, AVERAGEIFS s xem nh n bng 0. * Nhng gi tr logic: TRUE s c xem l 1, v FALSE s c xem l 0. * Mi trong average_range ch c tnh trung bnh nu tha tt c iu kin quy nh cho * Khng ging nh AVERAGEIF(), mi vng criteria_range phi c cng kch thc vi average_range * Nu c mt no trong average_range khng th chuyn i sang dng s, hoc nu khng c no tha tt c cc iu kin, AVERAGEIFS s bo li #DIV/0!

* C th cc k t i din nh ?, * cho cc iu kin (du ? thay cho mt k t no , v du * thay cho mt chui no ). Khi iu kin trong criteria l chnh cc du ? hoc *, th bn g thm du ~ trc n. Hm COUNT() m d liu cha s (m s khng trng) - m s c trong vng. Nhng ch m nhng c kiu d liu l kiu s. C php=COUNT(vng) =COUNTA m s cha d liu =COUNTIF(Vng cn m, iu kin) Hm m c iu kin - m s c trong vng vi iu kin ch ra iu kin. Hm COUNTIF m c kiu d liu l kiu s v c kiu k t. =DCOUNT(vng d liu, ct cn m, vng tiu chun) m s cha lng gi tr s trong ct tho mn k trong vng tiu chun tm kim trong vng d liu. VD: m xem c bao nhiu ngi c mc lng l 500000. =MAX(vng) Tm s ln nht trong vng =MAXA Tm gi tr ln nht Hm DMAX() C php: = DMAX(database, field, criteria)=DMAX (vng d liu, ct gi tr, vng tiu chun) Hm tnh gi tr cao nht trong ct gi tr tho mn iu kin ca vng tiu chun trong vng d liu. VD: Tm xem nhng ngi 26 tui ai cao lng nht. =MIN(vng) Tm s nh nht trong vng =MINA Tm gi tr nh nht Hm DMIN() C php: =DMIN(database, field, criteria)=DMIN (vng d liu, ct gi tr, vng tiu chun) Hm tnh gi tr nh nht trong ct gi tr tho mn iu kin ca vng tiu chun trong vng d liu.

VD: Tm xem nhng ngi 26 tui ai thp lng nht. =RANK( cn xp th, vng cn so snh) Tm v th ca mt s trong dy s. Vng cn so snh: Thng ch gi tr tuyt i: $ Hm DVARP() C php: = DVARP(database, [field,] criteria) Tnh ton s bin thin ca mt tp hp da trn ton th tp hp, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. Hm DVAR() C php: = DVAR(database, [field,] criteria) c lng s bin thin ca mt tp hp da trn mt mu, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. Hm DSUM() C php: = DSUM(database, field, criteria) Cng cc s trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. Hm DSTDEVP() C php: = DSTDEVP(database, field, criteria) Tnh lch chun ca mt tp hp theo ton th cc tp hp, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. Hm DSTDEV() C php: = DSTDEV(database, field, criteria) c lng lch chun ca mt tp hp theo mu, bng cch s dng cc s liu trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. Hm DPRODUCT() C php: = DPRODUCT(database, field, criteria)

Nhn cc gi tr trong mt ct ca mt danh sch hay ca mt c s d liu, theo mt iu kin c ch nh. m s rng trong bng tnh Dng cng thc mng: {=SUM(IF(ISBLANK(range), 1, 0))} vi range l vng d liu cn kim tra. m s cha nhng gi tr khng phi l kiu s Dng cng thc mng: {=SUM(IF(ISNUMBER(range), 0, 1))} vi range l vng d liu cn kim tra. m s b li Dng cng thc mng: {=SUM(IF(ISERROR(range), 1, 0))} vi range l vng d liu cn kim tra. g. HM X L VN BN V D LIU Bao gm cc hm x l chui vn bn nh trch lc, tm kim, thay th, chuyn i chui vn bn trong Excel. Hm ASC() Dng i cc k t double-byte sang cc k t single-byte cho nhng ngn ng s dng b k t double-byte. C php: = ASC(text) text : L ch hoc tham chiu n mt c cha ch. Nu text khng cha bt k mu t no thuc loi double-byte, th text s khng c chuyn i. V d: = ASC("Excel") = Excel =CHAR Chuyn s thnh k t =CLEAN Xa k t khng ph hp =CODE Tr v m s ca k t u tin Hm CONCATENATE Cng dng: Dng ni nhiu chui li vi nhau

Cng thc: =CONCATENATE(text1,text2,...) V d: =CONCATENATE("Gii php", "Excel", " - ", "Cng c tuyt vi ca bn) Gii php Excel - Cng c tuyt vi ca bn =DOLLAR Chuyn nh dng s thnh tin t Hm EXACT Cng dng: Dng so snh hai chui vi nhau. Cng thc: =EXACT(text1,text2) Hm EXACT phn bit ch thng v ch hoa. Nu 2 chui text1, text2 ging nhau hon ton, hm s tr v TRUE; nu khng, s tr v tr FALSE V d: =EXACT("Gii php", "Gii php") TRUE =EXACT("Gii php", "Gii Php") FALSE =FIXED Chuyn mt s sang nh dng vn bn =LEFT(X,n) Hm LEFT ly n k t t bn tri sang ca vn bn X =LEN Tnh di mt chui =LOWER Chuyn thnh ch thng. =PROPER Chuyn k t u mi t thnh ch hoa Hm MID Dng trch xut mt chui con (substring) t mt chui Cng thc: =MID(text, start_num, num_chars])=MID(X, m, n) Hm MID ly n k t trong chui X bt u t v tr m. text: chui vn bn cn trch xut start_num: v tr bt u trch ra chui con, tnh t bn tri sang num_chars: s k t ca chui con cn trch ra - num_chars phi l s nguyn dng

- start_num phi l s nguyn dng - Nu start_num ln hn di ca chui th kt qu tr v s l chui rng V d: =MID("Karen Elizabeth Hammond", 7, 9) Elizabeth Hm REPLACE Cng dng: Dng thay th mt phn ca chui bng mt chui khc, da vo s k t c ch nh Cng thc: =REPLACE(old_text, start_num, num_chars, new_text) old_text: chui vn bn cn c x l start_num: v tr bt u tm ci s thay th, tnh t bn tri sang num_chars: s k t ca chui cn c thay th new_text: chui vn bn s thay th cho s k t chn bi start_num v num_chars Ci kh ca hm ny l xc nh c bi start_num v num_chars. Lm sao bit c bt u t u v thay th bao nhiu ch? Ti gi nh: - Bn dng hm FIND() hoc SEARCH() xc nh v tr bt u (start_num) - Dng hm LEN() xc nh s k t ca chui s c thay th (num_chars) V d: thay s 2007 bng 2008 trong cu Expense Budget for 2007 Dng cng thc nh sau: =REPLACE(A1, FIND("2007", A1), LEN("2007"), "2008") Expense Budget for 2008 Vi A1 = Expense Budget for 2007 Hm RIGHT Dng trch xut phn bn phi ca mt chui mt hoc nhiu k t ty theo s ch nh ca bn Cng thc: =RIGHT(text [,num_chars])=RIGHT(X,n) Hm RIGHT ly n k t t bn phi sang ca vn bn X text: chui vn bn cn trch xut k t num_chars: s k t cn trch ra pha bn phi ca chui text, mc nh l 1

- num_chars phi l s nguyn dng - Nu num_chars ln hn di ca chui th kt qu tr v s l ton b chui text V d: =RIGHT("Karen Elizabeth Hammond", 7) Hammond =REPT Lp li mt chui =SUBSTITUTE Thay th mt chui xc nh Hm FIND v Hm SEARCH Cng dng: Dng tm v tr bt u ca mt chui con (substring) trong mt chui Cng thc: =FIND(find_text, within_text [, start_num]) =SEARCH(find_text, within_text [, start_num]) find_text: chui vn bn cn tm (chui con) within_text: chui vn bn cha chui cn tm (chui m) start_num: v tr bt u tm trong chui within_text (mc nh l 1) Mt s lu : - Kt qu ca hai hm ny l mt con s, ch v tr bt u (tnh t start_num) ca find_text trong within_text - Dng SEARCH() khi mun tm mt chui bt k. V d: SEARCH("e", "Expenses") s cho kt qu l 1. - Dng FIND() khi mun tm chnh xc mt chui c phn bit ch hoa, ch thng. V d: FIND("e", "Expenses") s cho kt qu l 4. - Nu khng tm thy find_text, hm s bo li #VALUE - C th dng nhng k t i din nh *, ? trong find_text ca hm SEARCH() - Vi hm SEARCH(), nu mun tm chnh k t * hoc ? th g du ~ trc k t ( ~* hoc l ~?) =TEXT Chuyn mt s sang text.

Hm T Cng dng: Tr v mt chui nu tr tham chiu l chui, ngc li, s tr v chui rng - Kim tra d liu kiu text Cng thc: =T(value) Hm ny t khi c dng. Hm SUBSTITUTE Cng dng: Dng thay th mt chui ny bng mt chui khc. Hm ny cng tng t hm REPLACE(), nhng d s dng hn. Cng thc: =SUBSTITUTE(text, old_text, new_text [,instance_num]) text: chui vn bn gc, cn c x l old_text: chui vn bn cn c thay th new_text: chui vn bn s thay th vo instance_num: s ln thay th old_text bng new_text, nu b qua th tt c old_text tm c s c thay th bng new_text V d: thay s 2007 bng 2008 trong cu Expense Budget for 2007 Dng cng thc nh sau: =SUBSTITUTE("Expense Budget for 2007", "2007", "2008") Expense Budget for 2008 HM THAY TH CHUI NY BNG CHUI KHC (Substituting One Substring for Another) C nhiu chng trnh c kh nng tm kim mt s on vn v thay th n bng on vn khc. Excel cng c kh nng lm chuyn bng cch dng hm. l hm REPLACE v hm SUBSTITUTE. =TRIM Xa nhng k t trng bn trong chui. =UPPER Chuyn k t thng thnh hoa. Hm VALUE Cng dng: Dng i mt chui i din cho mt s thnh kiu s

Cng thc: =VALUE(text) text phi l nh dng s, ngy thng hoc bt k mt thi gian no min l c Excel cng nhn. Nu 2 chui text1, text2 ging nhau hon ton, hm s tr v TRUE; nu khng, s tr v tr FALSE V d: trch ra s 6500 trong SQA6500, bn c th dng hm RIGHT() =RIGHT("SQA6500", 4) 6500 Tuy nhin kt qu do hm RIGHT() c c s dng text, bn khng th nhn chia cng tr g vi ci "6500" ny c. c th tnh ton vi "6500", bn phi i n sang dng s: =VALUE(RIGHT("SQA6500",4)) 6500 Cng l 6500, nhng by gi bn c th cng tr nhn chia vi n. *Trch xut h v tn (v d dng trch cho tn ting Anh, b qua tn m) Cch lm l dng hm FIND() tm nhng khong trng phn cch gia h v tn, sau dng hm LEFT() tch phn tn, v hm RIGHT() tch phn h. ly phn tn (First Name), chng ta dng cng thc sau (gi s h tn nm cell A2): =LEFT(A2, FIND(" ", A2) - 1) Ngha l dng hm FIND() tm v tr ca k t trng u tin k t bn tri, v d n l v tr th 5, khi hm LEFT() s xc nh c ci tn ny gm c 4 ch (= 5-1). ly phn h (Last Name), chng ta dng cng thc: =RIGHT(A2, LEN(A2) - FIND(" ", A2)) Bn t dch cu ny nh! *Trch xut h, tn m v tn (v d vi tn ting Anh, phn tn m c vit tt)

Cch lm ging nh bi Trch xut h v tn trn, tuy nhin c khc mt cht, trch thm phn tn m. Gi s H v Tn (full name) nm cell A2, v ang c gi tr l Karen E. Hammond u tin, nh bi trn, dng cng thc sau tch phn Tn (first name): =LEFT(A2, FIND(" ", A2) - 1) Karen Cng thc FIND(" ", A2) s cho kt qu l 6, l v tr ca khong trng u tin (sau ch Karen). tm v tr ca khong trng th hai, th bn phi gn v tr bt u tm (start_num) l 7, hoc l bng kt qu ca FIND(" ", A2) cng thm 1: =FIND(" ", A2, FIND(" ",A2) + 1) Ri dng kt qu ca cng thc ny lm tham s cho hm RIGHT() trch ra phn H (last name): =RIGHT(A2, LEN(A2) - FIND(" ", A2, FIND(" ", A2) +1)) Hammond trch phn tn m, dng hm FIND() tm v tr ca du chm (.) ri a vo trong cng thc ca hm MID() tm k t ng trc du chm: =MID(A2, FIND(".", A2) - 1, 1) E HM LOGIC Hm AND C l khi gii thch nh. AND c ngha l V. Vy thi. Dng hm ny khi mun ni n ci ny v ci ny v ci ny...... C php: AND(logical1 [, logical2] [, logical3]...) logical: Nhng biu thc s c xt xem ng (TRUE) hay sai (FALSE) Nu tt c cc biu thc u ng, hm AND() s tr v gi tr TRUE, v ch cn 1 trong cc biu thc sai, hm AND() s tr v gi tr FALSE. Bn c th dng hm AND() bt c ch no bn mun, nhng thng th hm AND() hay c dng chung vi hm IF(). V d:

=IF(AND(B2 > 0, C2 > 0), "1000", "No bonus") Nu gi tr B2 v C2 ln hn 0, th (thng) 1.000, cn nu ch cn mt trong 2 B2 hoc C2 nh hn 0, th khng thng chi c. =FALSE(): C th nhp trc tip FALSE vo trong cng thc, Excel s hiu l mt biu thc c gi tr FALSE m khng cn dng n c php ca hm ny Hm IF =IF (logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false) : Dng kim tra iu kin theo gi tr v cng thc C php: IF (iu kin, gi tr 1, gi tr 2) Nu iu kin ng th hm tr v gi tr 1, ngc li hm nhn gi tr 2 Ci lp lun: "Nu ti ng th lm cho ti ci ny, nu ti sai th lm cho ti ci kia".. C l trong chng ta ai cng hiu. Mt tnh hung n gin nht C php: IF(logical_test, value_is_true) logical_test: Mt biu thc s c xt xem ng (TRUE) hay sai (FALSE) value_is_true: gi tr tr v khi biu thc logical_test c kim tra l ng (TRUE) V d: =IF(A1 >= 1000, "It's big!") Ngha l, nu gi tr A1 ln hn hoc bng 1000, th kt qu nhn c s l "It's big!", cn khng, nu A1 nh hn 1000, kt qu s l FALSE. Mt v d khc, gi s bn c mt bng nh gi mc bn ra, mua vo ca mt danh mc hng ha di, v bn mun theo di nhng mt hng c doanh s bn ra khng t yu cu iu chnh chin lc kinh doanh ca mnh, bng cch gn nhng du "<" bn cnh n, h phn trm doanh s cng thp th nhng du hiu "<" cng nhiu... Bn c th dng hm IF(), theo mu: =IF(cell<0, flag)

Vi cell l gi tr doanh s m bn mun theo di, v flag l du hiu m t, v d, cell cha gi tr doanh s l B2: =IF(B2<0, "<<<<<") nhng du "<" t l thun vi mc st gim doanh s bn hng, bn c th dng hm REPT(), vi cng thc: REPT("<" , B2 * -100) y, phi nhn gi tr ca B2 vi -100, bi v chng ta ch xt nhng trng hp B2<0 V cng thc hon chnh th hin mc st gim doanh s ca tng mt hng s l: =IF(B2<0, REPT("<" , B2 * -100)) Nhng hm IF lng nhau Trong cuc sng i thng, c my ai d dng chp nhn chuyn "mt ci nu", phi khng cc bn. Chng ta thng s dng kiu, nu... ri nhng m nu... nhiu khi ko di n v tn! Trong Excel cng vy. Gi s, chng ta xp loi hc tp, nu im trung bnh (TB) ln hn 9 th gii, vy TB nh hn 9 th d? Cha, TB nh hn 9 nhng ln hn 7 th kh ci , ri TB nh hn 7 nhng cha b im 5 th trung bnh, ch khi no TB nh hn 4 th mi gi l d (ci ny ti ch v d thi, cc bn ng s dng xp loi nh). Khi , chng ta s dng nhng hm IF() lng nhau, IF() ny nm trong IF() kia. Sau ny chng ta s hc cch ghp thm nhiu iu kin khc vo na. V d, ti ly li v d ni bi trc: =IF(A1 >= 1000, "Big!", "Not big") Bi gi thm cht, A1 ln hn 1000 l "big" ri, nhng chng l 10000 th cng ch l "big" ? C l nn tng thm mt danh hiu cao hn: =IF(A1 >= 1000, IF(A1 >= 10000, "Really big!!", Big!"), "Not big") Hoc l, ng rng <1000 l "Not big", nhng n khc "Small" ch (tui khng ln, cha chc tui nh), vy chng ta thm mt nh ngha "Small" th xem:

=IF(A1 >= 1000, "Big!", IF(A1 < 100, "Small", "Not big")) Bn nh, y ti t ci IF "con" khng ging nh trn, sao cng, min l ng sai c php ca IF(). V nu thch, bn c th ghp tt c li: =IF(A1 >= 1000, IF(A1 >= 10000, "Really big!!", Big!"), IF(A1 < 100, "Small", "Not big")) Ch cn mt lu , l nhng du ng m ngoc n. Nu bn ng v m khng ng lc hoc khng , Excel s khng hiu, hoc l cho cc bn kt qu sai y. Hm IFERROR Trong qu trnh thao tc vi bng tnh, khng t ln chng ta gp li, v cng kh m trnh c li. V d, mt cng thc n gin thi =A/B c th gy li #DIV/0! nu nh B bng 0, hoc gy li #NAME? nu A hoc B khng tn ti, gy li #REF! nu c no lin kt vi A hoc B b xa i... Tuy nhin, i lc chng ta li cn phi li dng chnh nhng ci li ny, v d s t ra mt tnh hung: nu c li th lm g ... Gi nm na l BY LI. C l v vy m hm ny c hai ch u l IF; IFERROR = nu xy ra li (th)... MS Excel 2003 tr v trc c hm ISERROR(value), vi value l mt biu thc. Nu biu thc ny gp li, ISERROR() s tr v gi tr TRUE, cn nu biu thc khng c li, ISERROR() tr v gi tr FALSE. V chng ta thng dng ISERROR() km vi IF: =IF(ISERROR(expression), ErrorResult, expression) Nu nh biu thc (expression) c li, cng thc trn s ly gi tr ErrorResult (mt rng, hoc mt thng bo li, v.v..), ngc li, s ly chnh gi tr biu thc . V d: =IF(ISERROR(A/B), "", A/B) Ci bt tin khi phi dng va IF() va ISERROR() l chng ta phi nhp ci biu thc hai ln: mt ln trong hm ISERROR() v mt ln tham s value_is_False ca IF() C th ci bt tin va ni trn khng ng k, tuy nhin cch s dng ny lm cho cng thc ca chng ta tr nn kh dng hn,

bi v nu thay ci biu thc(expression), th chng ta phi thay i nguyn c cng thc. Excel 2010 dng nh hiu c s bt tin , nn gp hai hm IF() v ISERROR li thnh mt, l IFERROR() C php: IFERROR(value, value_if_error) _____value: Biu thc c th s gy ra li _____value_if_error: kt qu tr v nu value gy ra li Nu biu thc value khng gy li, IFERROR() s ly biu thc , cn nu n c li th ly ci biu thc value_if_error. V d, cng thc =IF(ISERROR(A/B), "", A/B) nu dng IFERROR() th s l =IFERROR(A/B, "") Bn thy y, IFERROR() ngn gn v d hiu hn nhiu. =NOT (logical) : o ngc gi tr ca cc i s Hm OR OR c ngha l HOC. Dng hm ny khi mun ni n ci ny hoc ci ny hay ci kia... ci no cng c, min l phi c t nht 1 ci! C php: OR(logical1 [, logical2] [, logical3]...) logical: Nhng biu thc s c xt xem ng (TRUE) hay sai (FALSE) Nu tt c cc biu thc u sai, hm OR() s tr v gi tr FALSE, v ch cn 1 trong cc biu thc ng, hm OR() s tr v gi tr TRUE. Ging nh hm AND(), bn c th dng hm OR() bt c ch no bn mun, nhng thng th hm OR() hay c dng chung vi hm IF(). V d: =IF(OR(B2 > 0, C2 > 0), "1000", "No bonus") Nu gi tr B2 hoc C2 ln hn 0 (tc l ch cn 1 trong 2 ln hn 0), th (thng) 1.000, cn nu c 2 B2 hoc C2 u nh hn 0, th khng thng chi c.

=TRUE(): C th nhp trc tip TRUE vo trong cng thc, Excel s hiu l mt biu thc c gi tr TRUE m khng cn dng n c php ca hm ny B qua nhng b li khi chy cng thc V d: Ct Gross Margin (ct D) ca bng tnh di y c cha mt s gp li chia cho 0 (#DIV/0!), do bn ct C c nhng trng. tnh trung bnh cng ca ct D, k nhng c li #DIV/0!, phi dng cng thc mng nh sau: {=AVERAGE(IF(ISERROR(D3:D12), "", D3:D12))} (ngha l nu gp nhng c li th coi nh n bng rng) Xc nh tn ca ct (Determining the Column Letter) Trong Excel c hm COLUMN(), cho ra kt qu l s ca ct (v d, g hm ny trong ct B th kt qu s l 2). Nhng i khi bn mun kt qu l tn ca ct ch khng mun l con s (B ch khng phi l 2), th lm sao? y l mt vn i hi s khn kho mt cht, v tn ct trong bng tnh chy t A n Z, t AA n AZ... v cho ti tn cng l XFD (!) C mt hm gip chng ta tm a ch tuyt i ca mt cell, l hm CELL("address"), v d $A$2, hoc $B$10... Hm CELL(info_type [,reference]) Vi info_type l mt tham s c nh ngha (s ni k hn trong nhng bi sau) V reference l cell m bn ch nh, nu b trng th Excel s ly ngay ci cell c cha cng thc CELL(). Trong bi ny, tm a ch tuyt i ca mt cell, chng ta s dng cng thc CELL() vi info_type l "address" Tinh mt cht, ta thy tn ca ct chnh l nhng ch ci nm gia hai du dollar ($) trong ci a ch tuyt i ny. Bt u lm nh: dng hm MID() trch ra ch ci t v tr th 2 trong a ch tuyt i ca cell:

=MID(CELL("Address"), 2, num_chars) Ci kh l ci num_chars ny y, v tn ct th c th l 1, 2, hoc 3 k t (v d: A, AA hoc AAA). Vn dng hm FIND thi: FIND("$", CELL("address"",A2), 3) - 2 Gii thch cht nh: Dng hm FIND(), tm v tr ca du $ trong ci a ch tuyt i ca cell, v bt u tm t v tr th 3 trong ci a ch ny. Ti sao phi tr i 2? Cng thc trn s ch ra v tr (l mt con s) ca du $ th hai trong a ch tuyt i ca cell, tc l ci du $ pha sau tn ct, phi tr i 2 tc l tr bt i 2 ci $, lc ny kt qu s chnh l s k t ca tn ct (1 ch, 2 ch hoc 3 ch) By gi, cng thc hon chnh s nh sau: =MID(CELL("Address"), 2, FIND("$", CELL("address"), 3) - 2) Cng thc ny p dng cho chnh cell cha cng thc. Nu mun tm tn ct ti mt cell no , bn ch vic thm a ch (hoc mt ci g tham chiu n a ch ny) ca cell mun tm vo pha sau ci "address" V d, mun tm tn ca cell AGH68, bn g: =MID(CELL("Address", AGH68), 2, FIND("$", CELL("address", AGH68), 3) - 2) AGH Lp m s t ng C nhiu danh mc khch hng hoc danh mc hng ha c lp m s bng cch dng vi k t u ca tn khch hng (hoc tn hng ha) kt hp vi mt con s. Cch t m s t ng nh vy rt d lm trong Excel, bng cch s dng nhng hm x l vn bn v chui. Gi s danh mc ca chng ta nm ct A v bt u ti cell A2. Trc tin, chng ta hy tch 3 k t u tin ca danh mc v nh dng cho n thnh nhng ch in hoa, bng cng thc: UPPER(LEFT(A2, 3))

Tip theo, tn dng chnh s ca nhng hng trong bng tnh lp m s t ng: ROW(A2), v nh dng sao cho nhng con s ny lun c 4 ch s, bng cng thc: TEXT(ROW(A2),"0000") V y l cng thc hon chnh: =UPPER(LEFT(A2, 3)) & TEXT(ROW(A2), "0000") Hm BETADIST() Tr v gi tr ca hm tnh mt phn phi xc sut tch ly beta. Thng thng hm ny c dng nghin cu s bin thin v phn trm cc mu, v d nh khong thi gian m ngi ta dng xem TV trong mt ngy chng hn. C php: = BETADIST(x, alpha, beta, A, B) x : Gi tr gia A v B, dng tnh mt hm. alpha & beta : Tham s ca phn phi. A : Cn di ca khong x, mc nh l 0. B : Cn trn ca khong x, mc nh l 1. Lu : * Nu c bt k i s no khng phi l s, BETADIST() tr v gi tr li #VALUE! * Nu alpha 0 hay beta 0, BETADIST() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * Nu x < A, x > B hay A = B, BETADIST() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * Nu b qua A v B, ngha l mc nh A = 0 v B = 1, BETADIST() s s dng phn phi tch ly beta chun ha. Hm BETAINV() Tr v nghch o ca hm tnh mt phn phi xc sut tch ly beta. Ngha l nu xc sut = BETADIST(x, ...) th x = BETAINV(xc sut, ...) Thng dng trong vic ln k hoch d n, m phng s ln m rng xc sut, bit trc thi gian b sung k vng v bin i.

C php: = BETAINV(probability, alpha, beta, A, B) Probability : Xc sut ca bin c x trong phn phi xc sut tch ly beta. alpha & beta : Tham s ca phn phi. A : Cn di ca khong x, mc nh l 0. B : Cn trn ca khong x, mc nh l 1. Lu : * Nu c bt k i s no khng phi l s, BETAINV() tr v gi tr li #VALUE! * Nu alpha 0 hay beta 0, BETAINV() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * Nu probability 0 hay probability > 1, BETAINV() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * Nu b qua A v B, ngha l mc nh A = 0 v B = 1, BETAINV() s s dng phn phi tch ly beta chun ha. * BETAINV() s dng phng php lp khi tnh mt phn phi. Vi probability cho trc, BETAINV() lp cho ti khi kt qu chnh xc trong khong 0.0000003. Nu BETAINV() khng hi t sau 100 ln lp, n s tr v gi tr li #NA! V d: BETAINV(0.6854706, 8, 10, 1, 3) = 2 Hm BINOMDIST() Tr v xc sut ca nhng ln th thnh cng ca phn phi nh phn. BINOMDIST() thng c dng trong cc bi ton c s lng c nh cc php th, khi kt qu ca cc php th ch l thnh cng hay tht bi, khi cc php th l c lp, v khi xc xut thnh cng l khng i qua cc cuc th nghim. V d, c th dng BINOMDIST() tnh xc sut khong hai phn ba a tr c sinh ra l b trai. C php: = BINOMDIST(number_s, trials, probability_s, cumulative) Number_s : S ln th thnh cng trong cc php th. Trials : S ln th.

Probability_s : Xc sut thnh cng ca mi php th. Cumulative : Mt gi tr logic xc nh hm tnh xc sut. = 1 (TRUE) : BINOMDIST() tr v hm tnh xc sut tch ly, l xc sut c s ln thnh cng number_s ln nht. = 0 (FALSE) : BINOMDIST() tr v hm tnh xc sut im (hay l hm khi lng xc sut), l xc sut m s ln thnh cng l number_s. Lu : * Nu number_s v trials l s thp phn, chng s c ct b phn l tr thnh s nguyn. * Nu number_s, trials hay probability_s khng phi l s, BINOMDIST() tr v gi tr li #VALUE! * Nu number_s < 0 hay number_s > trials, BINOMDIST() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * Nu probability_s < 0 hay probability_s > 1, BINOMDIST() tr v gi tr li #NUM! V d: BINOMDIST(6, 10, 0.5, 0) = 0.2050781 BINOMDIST(6, 10, 0.5, 1) = 0.828125 Hm CHIDIST() Tr v xc xut mt pha ca phn phi chi-squared. Phn phi chi-squared kt hp vi php th chi-squared dng so snh cc gi tr quan st vi cc gi tr k vng. V d, mt th nghim v di truyn c th gi thit rng th h k tip ca cc cy trng s tha hng mt tp hp cc mu sc no ; bng cch so snh cc gi tr quan st c vi cc gi tr k vng, c th thy c gi thit ban u l ng hay sai. C php: = CHIDIST(x, degrees_freedom) x : Gi tr dng tnh phn phi. degrees_freedom : S bc t do. Lu :

* Nu cc i s khng phi l s, CHIDIST() tr v gi tr li #VALUE! * Nu x < 0, CHIDIST() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * Nu degrees_freedom khng phi l s nguyn, phn thp phn ca n s b ct b tr thnh s nguyn. * Nu degrees_freedom < 1 hay degrees_freedom > 10^10, CHIDIST() tr v gi tr li #NUM! * CHIDIST() c tnh ton theo cng thc: CHIDIST = P(X > x), vi X l bin ngu nhin chisquared. V d: CHIDIST(18.307, 10) = 0.050001 Hm NORMINV() Tr v nghch o ca phn phi tch ly chun. C php: = NORMINV(probability, mean, standard_dev) probability : Xc sut ng vi phn phi chun mean : Gi tr trung bnh cng ca phn phi standard_dev : lch chun ca phn phi Lu : * Nu c bt k i s no khng phi l s, NORMINV() s bo li #VALUE! * Nu probability nh hn 0 hoc ln hn 1, NORMINV() s bo li #NUM! * Nu standard_dev nh hn hoc bng 0, NORMDINV() s bo li #NUM! * Nu mean = 0 v standard_dev = 1, NORMINV() s dng phn b chun. * NORMINV() s dng phng php lp i lp li tnh hm. Nu NORMINV() khng hi t sau 100 ln lp, hm s bo li #NA!