Works Cited

Primary Sources Ballinger, Christopher. Taft asked Pinchot Not to Quit Office. New York Times. 26 September 1909: 11b <http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archivefree/pdf?res=FA0813F93 E5D11738DDDAA0994DC405B808DF1D3> This article provided information on the events that happened during Pinchots leaving. It described Pinchots public resignation, which was prompted by President Taft. The president had sent a letter urging Pinchot to resign. When the public heard about this, Taft panicked, he immediately sent another letter saying that he didnt want Pinchot to resign, but only to take a leave of absence. Cole, J Leon. "President Roosevelt Hosts Conference on Conservation." Scientific American. 26 June 1908: 995. This article talked about how the recent Conference of Governors at the White House had greatly strengthened the U.S. public's belief in the conservation idea. The governors established state commissions on the conservation of federal resources in their states. Also the Inland Waterways Committee convened to discuss the exploitation of natural resources in the U.S. inland waterways. A suggestion was made to make a larger body to help solve both of these problems. Thus the commission of Natural Resources was established. "Governors Cheer Roosevelt's Talk." New York Times. Page 6. 13 May, 1908. This article talked about the Conference of Governors. It gave information on how the Conference had started that day and the ideas that some governors had already suggested. It also had a transcript of the speech that Roosevelt gave to all the governors on
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conservation and that he stressed the importance of resource conservation. It also included a speech that Andrew Carnegie where he talked about conserving ore and minerals. "Irrigation Bill Passed." New York Times. Page 4. June 13, 1902. This article talked about the passing of the Newlands Reclamation Act. The vote passed 146 to 55. The article gave us information on what the bill said in all sections and what the President intended to use it for. We were surprised to learn that the bill was not called the Newlands Reclamation Act, at the time. Muir, John. My First Summer in the Sierra. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1911. This source written by John Muir, one of the leading conservation figures, was fascinating. The book had extensive notes on what Muir wanted for the land compared to other conservationists, like Pinchot. The book also had beautiful sketches and pictures. Muir, John. The Yosemite. New York: The Century Corporation, 1912 Muir wrote this book when he was seventy-three and his ability to recollect the beautiful Yosemite was astounding. The book also contained many beautiful pictures that exemplified the beauty of Yosemite, and fit perfectly into our website. I also learned what places like the Yosemite really meant to preservationists. "Notes on the Forest Service." National Geographic. February 1907: 142. This article had notes on the United States Forest Service and the monetary value of the land it owned. It started out by reporting the U.S. Forest Service owned more federal land than the U.S. Navy and War Department. It had 330 million acres of timber worth $660,000,000, and $110,000,000 of commercial land.

O'Laughlin, John Callan. To Speak On Conservation: Roosevelt Promises Pinchot he will Address the National Congress. New York Times. 12 April. 1910. Page 1 <http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archivefree/pdf?res=FA0813F93E5D11738DDDAA099 4DC40 5B808DF1D3> This article by the assistant secretary of state gives a report on the recent actions of the Gifford Pinchot. Pinchot had gone on vacation, and on his to return he was expected to make a speech about the conservation issue to the National Conservation Commission. Gifford failed to prepare for the speech for the National Conservation Commission that would meet soon. People questioned whether Pinchot would make the speech due to his recent firing by President Taft. Roosevelt assured the public Pinchot would, and they believed him. This article showed the forcefulness and trust the American public had in Theodore Roosevelt. "The Presidents Message." The New York Times. 4 December 1901: 14. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archivefree/pdf?res=F50E14FF3E5B11738DDDAD089 4DA415B818CF1D3> This article was an abstract of Roosevelt's address to Congress. Roosevelt reported that the Bureau of Forestry had being doing sufficient work to protect American lands, but without sufficient legislation they would not be able to complete their work. He urged Congress to pay more attention to conservation. He also talked about a project the Bureau was starting in partnership with the National Geological Survey to give 1,500,000 acres of land for protected private ownership. Pinchot, Gifford. Breaking New Ground. New York: Brace Harcourt, 1911.

This book, written by the chief forester and head of the National Forest Administration, provided great insight into the life of Gifford Pinchot. It gave many facts about his early life and how he wanted to be a conservationist from a young age, but no colleges offered Conservation classes. It described his somewhat radical views on issues. He also talked about his conflict with John Muir and the utilitarian versus preservationist debate. Pinchot, Gifford. The Conservation of Forests, Scientific American. 12 August 1911: 137. This article was written by Gifford Pinchot after his dismissal as chief forester. He pointed out the many faults in the American governments involvement in conservation. He began the article by informing readers that now the American government had 80% of the U.S. timber in its possession. He said this was a good thing, but he emphasized that the U.S. had been doing a horrible job utilizing the scientific potential of U.S. timber. Pinchot vehemently wrote that if the U.S government continued to neglect the land in its possession it would never be able to preserve the national wildlife. Pinchot, Gifford. "Correspondence."The Nation. 2 March 1916: 102. Gifford Pinchot wrote this letter to the editor of the newspaper after they printed an article that Pinchot considered an attack on the use of public resources. The previous article had criticized using hydroelectricity from Alaskan rivers for power. Pinchot said that using the hydroelectricity will benefit the nation because it was a cheap project that would provide large amounts of energy. This article gave us information on water conservation and how he still was actively involved in conservation. "Roosevelt Plans to Employ Rivers." The New York Times. 17 March 1907 This article talked about the formation of the Inland Waterways Commission. It gave us information for the need of the organization and the problems the President faced at the

time. It also talked about projects President Roosevelt wanted them to undertake and what they faced to start. Sully, D.J. Cotton Prices Drop. Boston Evening Transcript. 4 February 1904: 1 <http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=DuM0AAAAIBAJ&sjid=3eAIAAAAIBAJ&pg =3279,268763&dq=john+muir+g:locunited_states_of_america&hl=en> D.J Sullys editorial negatively viewed conservation. He believed the conservation Movement should be abandoned. Looking at recent stock reports, cotton had suffered a major drop in price. This drop in price also applied to other major crops such as corn and rice. Sully attributed the loss to the conservation movement and blamed John Muir and Roosevelt for the decline. Sully wrote that if this work continues, though it may preserve the American West, all of Americas assets will be diminished. This article showed us the opposition the Conservation Movement faced and what the argument against it. Forest Giant Near 400 Years of Age. The Evening News. 5 September 1902: 14. 2 January 2012.<http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=5DIiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=76MFAAAAIBAJ &pg=3474,2282273&dq=john+muir+g:locunited_states_of_america&hl=en> A four-thousand year old tree was found in California. John Muir rejoiced to hear this and went to the Sequoias to investigate the trees. The writer of the article was trying to portray that some of Americas historic places still existed and the continued degradation of the environment would lead to the eventual destruction of them. This gave me insight into what people like Muir were fighting for. Muir would later assign a few park rangers to protect the tree.

Thomson, E.W. The Real Niagara Issue: Not a Diplomatic but an Engineering Problem Boston Evening Transcript. 18 April 1906: 1.<http://news.google.com/newspapers?id= W0pfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=j1QNAAAAIBAJ&pg=3928,2797328&dq=roosevelt+conservat ion+g:locunited_states_of_america&hl=en>. 2 January 2012. This article was written about how several Canadian cities in the Ontario territory had banded together to prevent an engineering project in the Niagara Falls. This showed significance in the conservation movement as when a dam was built at Hetch Hetchy, it ruined the natural beauty of the site. Instead of letting them build the dam, they banded together and stopped them. This article explained some of the opposition Roosevelt had to face. Also we learned about some of the water conservation plans Roosevelt had planned because most of his conservation ideas included forestry. Woodlock, F. Thomas. "The Problems for the Newlands Comittee." The Nation. 19 March 1919: 289-290. This article was written after the National Park Service was established. This was a look back on the problems of the Newlands Reclamation Committee and the U.S. Bureau of Forestry. It talked about the opposition the conservation movement faced from railroad companies and wealthy businessman. This article said that despite the many hurdles the conservation movement faced, in the end it persevered. United States. National Park Service Archives. Office Order No. 323 Fish Policy. 13 April 1936. This office order prevented exotic fishes from being introduced to the park. Unless the exotic fishes are best suited for the environment and proven of higher value for fishing activities. They can be introduced. If the exotic fishes pass the requirements, it has to be approved by the Director of the park and also the superintendent. This source showed

what Congress was doing to further protect the national park systems from being invaded. This also showed that they were being careful and not allowing anything to harm the beauty of the parks. United States. Senate and House of Representatives. An Act Authorizing a Grant to the State of California of the "Yosemite Valley," and of the Land Embracing the "Mariposa Big Tree Grove." California: 30 June 1864. This document showed the Senate and House of Representatives granting the state of California the Yosemite Valley and the Mariposa Tree Grove. It explained that this area of land is to be used for public enjoyment. Lastly, it explained that the income is to be used for the improvement of the park and for no other reasons unless it is for other preservation reasons. United States. Senate and House of Representatives. An Act for the Preservation of American Antiquities. 8 June 1906. This act enforced the visitor's restrictions when visiting a preserved area. It explained that any person who appropriates, excavates, injures, or destroys any land in a preserved area shall be fined or jailed. This source was important as it explained to us what the Department of Interior and Congress were doing to protect the national parks. United States. Senate and House of Representatives. An Act to Establish a National Park Service, and for other Purposes. 25 August 1916. This act explains the requirements to establish a national park. It also explains what is needed for an area of land to become a national park. Also, it stated the salary of each person within the system. One last thing it explains is the restrictions of each level of power within the national park, such as the director or the park ranger.

United States. Senate and House of Representatives. An Act to Establish a National Wilderness Preservation System for the Permanent Good of the Whole People, and for Other Purposes. 1964. This act established a National Wilderness Preservation System and also allowed Congress to establish certain areas of land in their possession as a wilderness preserve. The National Wilderness Preservation System is to be used for preserving and protecting certain areas of land, and only by this act can Federal lands be designated as wilderness areas. The System is to only manage or administrate the wilderness areas. United States. Senate and House of Representatives. An Act to Provide for a National Wild and Scenic Rivers System, and for Other Purposes. 1968. This act stated that no one could disturb, block, or stop the free flowing of a river within a national park. However, if the blocking or disturbance of the river preserves other rivers within the national park or if the blocking is for another preservation reason, then it is allowed. United States. Senate and House of Representatives. An Act to set Apart a Certain Tract of Land Lying Near the Headwaters of the Yellowstone River as a Public Park. 1 March 1872. This source was the act that preserved the first tract of land. It explained how Congress set apart the land. The act also explained how this national park was established under The Department of Interior. It was exclusively under the control of The Secretary of Interior. That also The Secretary of Interior has the right to make rules and regulations best for the national park.

United States. Senate and House of Representatives. An Act to Improve the Administration of the National Park System by the Secretary of the Interior and to Clarify the Authorities Applicable to the System, and for Other Purposes. Maryland.: USC, 18 August, 1970. This act was specifically passed to improve each national park under the Department of Interior. Also, this act gave the Secretary of Interior the right to make any changes to the national parks that he sees fit. Woodlock, F. Thomas. The Nation. 19 March 1919. Page 289-290 This article was written after the establishment of the National Park Service, and after the conservation initiative was finally getting the respect that it deserved. This was a look back on the problems faced by the Newlands Reclamation Committee and the U.S. Bureau of Forestry. One of the first problems the Newlands Reclamation Committee faced was the construction of railroads. Conservation jobs have provided less net income for America, while railroads were projected to provide more. This article said the Reclamation Committee faced problems because now Congress had begun to support railroad construction over conservation. Youngstown Vindicator. 5 January 1905. Page 1 This article was written on the day of the Continental Forest Congress, and it described the agenda of the Congresss daily activities. Roosevelt and Charles F. Madison, former senator of Nebraska, said the need to protect the timber was a paramount issue. On the other hand people in the railroad system like J.T. Richards said railroads were more important for America. This article gave insight on the opposition to the conservation movement from the railroad company.

Secondary Sources Albright, Horace M. and Robert Cahn. The Birth of the National Park Service. Chicago: Howe Brothers, 1985. The authors show how Horace Albright was involved with the beginning of the National Park Service. They talk about the big players who participated in making the National Park Service possible, such as George Caitlin and Theodore Roosevelt. The book described some of their most important actions toward the establishment of national parks. Allit, Patrick. Phone Interview. 14 Feb. 2012. Patrick Allit, a professor at Emory, provided great information about the reaction to the conservation movement and the events that led up to the conservation movement. The interview also gave us good, short biographies about John Muir and Theodore Roosevelt. Allin, Craig W. National Park. World Book. 2010. We learned several general facts about the national parks and the founders. The article gave us a brief explanation of the National Park System and of how it functions. Balogh, Brian. Phone Interview. 10 Apr. 2012 Brian Balogh, a professor of environmentalism at the University of Virginia gave me great insight on my project. He explained the basics of the Conservation Movement and helped me better understand the reaction. Brinkley, Douglas. Wilderness Warrior: Theodore Roosevelt and the Crusade for America. New York: Harper Collins Publishing, 2009.

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Mr. Brinkleys book focused singularly on Theodore Roosevelts involvement in the conservation movement. This book gave great information on Theodore Roosevelts conservation views from a young age towards his elder years. It also includes information about how his uncle Franklin B. Roosevelt influenced his conservation views at a young age. He also writes about his relationship with other conservations and how he labored hard to promote the Conservation. Brinkley, Douglas. Phone Interview. 14 Feb. 2012 After reading Mr. Brinkley's book I was enthusiastic to contact the famous rice Professor. He agreed to give me an interview, which was a great supplement to my project. The interview with Professor Brinkley gave me in-depth information on the state of the U.S. leading up to the Conservation Movement. Also Professor Brinkley gave me great information on the reform aspect of the conservation and how it set the foundation for the modern environmental movement of the 1960s. Parts of the interview are also on my website in audio form. "Conservation Life of Theodore Roosevelt." The Theodore Roosevelt Association November 2005. 12 December 2011. <http://www.theodoreroosevelt.org/life/conservation.htm> This website provided information on the short-term impact of Roosevelt's conservation efforts. This article listed the 150 national forests established by Theodore Roosevelt as well as the names of all 51 bird reserves. It gave the names and brief information on the four national game preserves and the five national parks. It also gave brief information and the names of all eighteen national monuments and listed the twenty-four national reclamation projects. It gave the name, dates, and described in great detail the seven conferences that Theodore Roosevelt organized regarding Conservation.

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Cooper, Michael L. Up Close: Theodore Roosevelt. New York: Penguin Group. 2009. From this source I learned about Roosevelt and how he got involved with the National Park Service. It was interesting to learn that he still played a pretty big part even after he left the Presidency, and of how so many high ranking directors within the national parks would come to him for advice. Also news reporters and authors on books about the national parks would come to him for help or advice. Cutright, Paul Russel. Theodore Roosevelt: The Making of a Conservationist. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1986. Mr. Cutright explained how Mr. Roosevelts conservation began in his childhood. He explained how as a young child Roosevelt liked spending time outdoors and would sketch pictures of the animals he saw. He also talked about his actual conservation work in the late 1800s and during his Administration. It finally explained his legacy and his overall importance on the Conservation Movement. Dayton, Duncan and Burns, Ken. The National Parks: America's Best Idea. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982. This was one of our best sources. It had great pictures and illustrations that captured the essence of the conservation movement through the years. The book contained helpful interviews from rangers and higher ups. This book provided information about how the conservation movement paved the way for the formation of the National Parks. It also had information on the work the National Park System did after the 1920s as well as great information on the Civilians Conservation Corps. Dilsaver, Lary M. Americas National Park System, The Critical Documents. Maryland: Rouman & Littlefield Publishers. 1994.

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This book had many primary documents along with numerous sections of additional information from the editor, such as the origin of the idea or of how important it was to the National Park System. Douglas, Brinkley. Phone Interview. February 14, 2012 Douglas Brinkley, a professor at Rice University, gave us an interview. He provided great information on the reaction to Roosevelt's conservation actions and the reform aspect of the conservation movement. He also had helpful information about the events leading up to the conservation movement with very nice information about the early conservationists Henry David Thoreau, John Wesley Powell, etc. The Evolution of the Conservation Movement. The Library of Congress. 3 May 2002. 12 Dec. 2011. This was one of the best sources because it gave a clear timeline of the events of the conservation movement. It started by writing about the beginnings of the movement in the 1870s to the creation of the National Park Service in 1916. The website had information on almost all conservation legislation signed into law and had links for us to view the abstracts of the documents. Fettie, Dwight. Our National Park System. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2001. This book described the impact of the conservation movement and its effect on the National Park Service. The illustrations really captured the beauty of the national parks. The book also contained a few informative interviews about the creation and the effects of the American conservation movement. Gable, John A. Roosevelt, Theodore. World Book Advanced. 33rd edition 2011.

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This was a very nice starter source that had two paragraphs on Roosevelt's Conservation efforts. It gave basic information on who was involved, what were the problems, and how they were solved. It also gave brief information on some of the acts passed during the Roosevelt administration as well as introducing the National Forest Service. Gaines, Brian. Conservation. World Book Advanced. 33rd edition 2011. This was another starter source we used to get acquainted with our topic. Like the other source it told who was involved, what were the problems, and how actions was taken. This section was more in-depth and included information on specific types of conservation and their effect on us today. It also gave us information on the formation of the National Park Service. History. National Park Service. 18 Aug. 2011. U.S. Department of the Interior. 25 January 2012 <www.nps.gov/aboutus/history.htm> This website gave us a complete history of the NPS. It had examples of opposition from companies that rely on natural resources. It also talked about the many successes the National Park Service was able to accomplish such as the Forest Reserve Act. Also, this website explained about a few directors of the National Park Service that took a huge step in improving the national parks. Machles, Gary E. and Donald R. Field. National Parks and Rural Development. Washington: Island Press, 2009. The authors showed both points of views on what the public thought of the actions of the National Parks. For example, when Secretary K. Lane of the Department of Interior approved the dam for Hetch Hetchy, the public disapproved of the dam and there were many criticisms from reporters and politicians.

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Mackintosh, Barry. "The National Park Service." National Park Service History. National Park Service. 15 November 2011 <http://www.nps.gov/history/history/ hisnps/NPSHistory/npshisto.htm> The author of this webpage explained the history of the national parks up to the 20th

century. Also, the author listed the failures and successes of the National Park Service. The site also had information on many of the key players who participated in the National Park Service's history, such as John Muir, Stephen Mather, and Horace Albright. McClellend, Linda Flint. Building the National Parks. Harrisonburg: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998. McClellends book was very helpful for understanding the historical context in relation to the National Park Service. In the book, the author explained the difficulty and steps they took in preserving the areas for the future generation to enjoy. She also showed the importance of each step the NPS took to becoming what it is today. McNamara, Robert. The Early American Conservation Movement. The Conservation Movement. 14 Feb. 2012. This source gave us background information on our project. It had a bit of information on early American conservation, but it mainly supplied us with the work and ideas of early conservationists like Ralph Waldo Emerson. Miles. John C. Guardians of Our National Parks: A History of National Parks and the Conservation Association. Washington D.C.: Taylor and Francis in Cooperation with the National Park Service, 1998. This source focused more on the people involved with the National. It contained personal interviews from rangers and government officials involved with the National Parks. This

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book focused more on people like Stephen Mather, the first director of the National Park Service, rather than John Muir and Theodore Roosevelt. This source helped explain the impact of the National Park Service and the American Conservation Movement on society. Nash, Roderick. Wilderness and the American Mind. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982. Mr. Nash's book was one of the three books recommended by Emory Professor Patrick Allit. This book had information on the reaction and thoughts of people surrounding the conservation movement. It talked about supported and were against the conservation movement. The book really explained the reaction to the conservation not only during the Progressive Era, but up to today. Sutter, Paul. Email Interview. 12 Apr. 2012. Akela Reason, a Professor at Georgia University, told me she was to busy to give me an interview, but referred me to Professor Paul Sutter at the University of Colorado. Professor Sutter helped us get a tight grasp on the historical context of the conservation movement and how it was affected by industrial revolution he also was able to explain to us the reforms that came from the movement in a clear, concise way. Theodore Roosevelt and the National Park Service National Park Service 16 Jan. 2003. 27 Oct. 2011<http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/hisnps/NPSHistory/teddy.htm> This article singled out Theodore Roosevelt and his achievements in the conservation world. It provided detailed information on the specific work during his presidency and the short-term impact of his work. It also had links at the bottom of the page to other sources.

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The White House Historical Association. The President and the Power to Preserve the American Frontier. 7 Apr. 2012 This website written by the White House talked about the President's power to preserve lands and how these powers came about it. It gave specific information on the Antiquities Act, a few of uses, and its effect. It also gave us information on the Newlands Reclamation Act and its uses in history. "Presidents, The Theodore Roosevelt Administration." 28 October 2011. < http://www.u-shistory.com/pages/h937.html> Though the article title suggests that it will talk about the work done by the Roosevelt administration, it mainly discusses the conservation work the group was able to compete. This was the first website to give information on the 1890 census and its impact on the conservation movement. It also gave information about the frontier thesis by Frederick Jackson Turner, which described the implications of not saving the American West and wrote about the alarming statistics from the 1890 census. Rotham, Hal. America's National Monuments: The Politics of Preservation. Lawerence: University of Kansas Press, 1989. This was a second book recommended by Emory professor, Patrick Allit. This book specially pertained to the creation of the national monuments and their importance on society. The book gave us great information about the Antiquities Act and its effect. The book also expounded a bit on other Conservation Legislation before the Antiquities Act. Runte, Alfred. National Parks: The American Expierence. Lanham: Taylor Trade Pub, 2005.

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Mr. Runtes book had information about the conservation movement and the National Park System. This book gave us information about the conflict between utilitarian conservationists and preservationists. It also talked about how many preservationists objected allowing tourism in the parks until 1930 when they decided that the National Parks were meant for people to enjoy the beauty of the people. The book gives a great history of our National Park System and its effect on society. Sellars, Richard. Preserving Nature in the National Parks. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988. Mr. Sellars's book was an analysis of the park system and told the stories of how revolutionaries like Roosevelt and Pinchot set America in the right direction about creating the National Park System. This book gave us information on how the control of American lands were scattered across the nations government system and the army. The book focused on how national parks were originally created to protect American wildlife, not for the enjoyment of visitors. Shorter, C.M. Theodore Roosevelt: Legacy of a Conservation Leader 16 December 2011 < http://www.tigerhomes.org/animal/theodore-roosevelt.cfm> C.M. Shorter writes the website from the point that Roosevelt has been underappreciated and is not the most respected member of the conservation movement. He writes that John Muir was a great conservationist, but he thinks Pinchot and Roosevelt deserves more credit. He goes on to describe all the accomplishments and achievements of Roosevelt and Pinchot. He also had a small special section about the importance of Pelican Island, the first federal bird reserve.

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Silveira, Stacy. "The Evolution of the American Environmental Movement." The American Environmental Movement: Surviving Through Diversity. 7 Apr. 2012. <http://www.bc.edu/dam/files/schools/law/lawreviews/journals/bcealr/28_23/07_TXT.ht m> This was a fairly long scholarly journal on the American Conservation Movement. The article gave great information on how the Conservation Movement has triumphed and the specific reforms that came from it. The article also gave vast information on the resistance the Conservation Movement face and the negative reaction it received. Silvestro, Roger. "Theodore Roosevelt, Hunting, and Wildlife Protection 6 Apr. 2012 This webpage talked about Roosevelt's beginnings and how he viewed the environment as a hunter. It eventually talked about who he grew and his views changed. This website gave great information on the Theodore Roosevelt's conservation policies and his views. It had specific excerpts from a few of his speeches were he spoke about conservation. It also included Gifford Pinchot's evaluation of Theodore Roosevelt's conservation policies, which we put on our website. Stradling, David. Conservation in the Progressive Era. Washington University Press: Washington, 2004 The book gave us in-depth information on how the conservation movement reformed the American public. It gave specific information on how pioneering work of conservationists like Theodore Roosevelt helped the movement advance forward. The end of the book also had great information on modern environmental movement like the Wilderness Act, and how influential acts like that would never be created without the

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conservation movement in the Progressive Era. Later I later contacted Professor Stradling who allowed me to use a few excerpts from his books to put on my website. Weber. Michael. Our National Parks. Brookfield: Millbrook Press, 2002. This short book had more information on the establishment of the National Park System and the work it did after 1916. It also included great pictures of many scenes in the National Parks. Pictures Acres of Wilderness Since 2006. 4 Feb. 2012. <http://wilderness.org/content/timelinewilderness-history-and-conservation> Adirondack Forest Preserve. 1885. 12. Feb. 2012. <http://www.good.is/post/john-wesley-powells-watershed-states-map/> Antiquities Act. 1906. 8 Apr. 2012. <http://memory.loc.gov/cgibin/ampage?collId=amrvl&fileName=vl541//amrvlvl541.db& recNu m=0&itemLink=D?consrvbib:1:./temp/~ammem_qD8H::&linkText=0> Arches National Park. 12 Feb. 2012. <http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/nationalparks/arches-photos/#/06-2008-07-15-0079805-arches_2059_600x450.jpg> Black and White Yellowstone. 1890. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://irapl.altervista.org/nit/viewpics.php?title=Yellowstone+National+Park,+Wyomin g.+Hoodoos+in+Hoodoos+Basin+...> Blue Ridge Mountains: Shenandoah National Park. 12 Feb. 2012 <http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/national-parks/shenandoahphotos/#/shenandoah-blue-ridge_2014_600x450.jpg> Boone and Crocket Club Coin. 12 Feb. 2012 <http://vimeo.com/booneandcrockettclub>

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Carl Schurz. 13 Feb. 2012. <http://www.watertownhistory.org/Articles/CarlSchurz.htm> Conservationist Gathering. 4 Feb. 2012. <http://www.foresthistory.org/ASPNET/Publications/region/9/history/chap2.aspx> Conservation. The New York Times. 4 December 1901: 14. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archivefree/pdf?res=F50E14FF3E5B11738DDDAD089 4DA415B818CF1D3> Death Valley National Park. 12 Feb. 2012. <http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/nationalparks/death-valley-photos/> Denali National Park. 12 Feb. 2012. <http://www.lonelyplanet.com/usa/alaska/travel-tips-andarticles/9565> Fredrick Jackson Turner. 14 Feb. 2012. <http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/people/s_z/turner.htm> Great Sand Dunes National Park. 12 Feb. 2012. <http://www.flickr.com/groups/landscapebeauty/discuss/72157623495969005/> Governors Cheer Roosevelt's Talk. New York Times. Page 6. 13 May, 1908 8 Apr. 2012 Herd of Buffalo. 15 Feb. 2012. <http://www.artsales.com/ARTistory/History_of_the_Buffalo/index.html> Irrigation Bill Passed. New York Times. Page 4. June 13, 1902. 8 Apr. 2012 John Wesley Powell Map. 1887. 14 Feb. 2012. <http://www.good.is/post/john-wesley-powell-swatershed-states-map/> Julius Morton. 14 Feb. 2012. <http://jameslogancourier.org/index.php?blogid=1&archive=201104> Lumberjacks at Work. 10 Feb. 2012. < http://www.foresthiker.com/?p=2281>

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National Forests Map.4 Feb. 2012. < http://www.trailmonkey.com/USpages/usnhike.htm> Newlands Reclamation Act. 10 Apr. 2012 < http://www.docstoc.com/docs/30493467/Reclamation-Act-of-1902-FIFTY-SEVENTHCONGRESS-Sess-I-CH-1093> Pelican Island. 12 Feb. 2012. <http://www.refugewatch.org/wallpaper/> Pickwick Landing Dam. 13 Feb. 2012. <http://www.corbisimages.com/stock-photo/rightsmanaged/IH167516/spilling-water-from-a-tennessee-dam> Roosevelt Plans to Employ Rivers. The New York Times. 17 March 1907 8 Apr. 2012 Sierra Club Logo. 9 Feb, 2012 <http://www.smartersocialmedia.com/the-sierra-club-socialmedia- marketing-success-in- the-wild> Social Life on The Farm Cartoon. 1908. 12 Feb. 2012 Sierra Club Logo. 4 Feb. 2012. <http://www.stanford.edu/group/ruralwest/cgi-bin/drupal/content/rural-life-koch> The Maine Woods. 2004.15 Feb. 2012.< http://press.princeton.edu/titles/7113.html> Theodore Roosevelt and John Muir at the Yosemite. 1903. 4 Feb. 2012. <http://www.nps.gov/discovery2000/photo-leader.html> Transfer Act of 1905. 1905. April 10, 2012. <http://memory.loc.gov/cgibin/ampage?collId=amrvl&fileName=vl015//amrvlvl015.db&recNum=0&itemLink=r?a mmem/consrvbib:@FIELD(NUMBER(vl015))&linkText=0> Yellowstone National Park. 12 Feb. 2012. <http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/nationalparks/yellowstone-photos/#/yellowstone-lower-falls_2023_600x450.jpg> Yosemite National Park. 12 Feb. 2012. <http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/nationalparks/yosemite-photos/#/yosemite-deep-valley_2013_600x450.jpg> Videos

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Gifford Pinchot. Southern Nazarene University. 2012. This was a short five minute video that explained the life of Gifford Pinchot from birth to death. A short segment in the video explained Gifford's role in the Conservation Movement, and we decided to put in our website. The National Parks: America's Best Idea. DVD. PBS. 2009 This six-part documentary was a video version of the book with the same title written by Ken Burns and Dayton Duncans. The movie followed the Conservation movement from the beginnings in the 1850s to the Civilian Conservation Corps in 1930s. The movie had great information, though it was similar to the book. We used a short clip of the movie on our website. Theodore Roosevelt: American Lion. DVD. History Channel. 2010. This video was biography of the life of Theodore Roosevelt. There was a short segment in the middle of the film that focused on the Conservation Movement. There was one short-segment that adequately introduced the problem well in a short amount of time, so we decided to insert that part of the video on our website. Another segment from this video had very nice scenery and explained Roosevelt's view on Conservation, and we placed this clip on our website. The Progressive Era. Media Rich Learning. 2012. This was a nine minute video that recounted all of the reforms in the Progressive Era. It had a short two minute segment on the Conservation Movement where it mentioned Gifford Pinchot, Theodore Roosevelt, and John Muir. We extracted a short clip of the video that described the Roosevelt administration's impact on the Conservation Movement and placed it in our website.

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Music Barber, Samuels. Adagio for Strings Opus 11. London, 2001. Erez, Tzvi and Peterson, Fred. Time Solitaire. Tranquility. 2011.

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