Dng mt cng cho nhiu my tnh (Phn 1)

K thut ny c th p dng cho nhng phng my tnh nh tit kim chi ph u t. Ngoi ra, ngi qun l s d dng theo di h thng, pht hin v sa cha li. Bn s bt u bng vic ci t mng BootRom, thit lp nhng cng o.

Chun b

M hnh mng BootRom, mi my con mt o (Private Image). nh: Venturcom.

Bi ny s hng dn ci t h thng BootRom trn h iu hnh Windows XP, dng phn mm BXP phin bn 3.1ca hng Venturcom. BXP l phn mm h tr vi cc thnh phn: BXP server ci t trn my ch v bn BXP client dng trn cc my con. Chng trnh c nhim v: m ha Windows XP ang ci t trn a cng ca mt my con thnh tp tin nh, sau chp tp tin ny ln a cng ca my ch v gip my khch c th truy xut n nh l mt a o c cha h iu hnh ny. Ch : BootRom ph hp vi m hnh mng LAN nh v chy cc chng trnh khng qu nng. Khi mng c nhiu my con phc v hot ng ti phim nh, chi game 3D... th d b treo ton b h thng. Nu mun dng, bn cn u t mua my ch c cu hnh cao. i vi my ch (server) - H iu hnh c th dng: Windows XP, Windows 2000 Professional, Windows 2000 Server, Windows 2000 Advanced server hoc Windows Server 2003... - cng: Cc my con dng chung cng (Shared Image) th dung lng khng cn nhiu nhng nu mi my con mun mt phn "t" ring trn (dng Private Image) th bn c th tnh ton sao cho hp l. V d: phng 10 my con, mi my cn 5 GB th cng phi trn 50 GB. Bn nn chn a cng c tc cao (7200 vng/pht chng hn) my con truy cp nhanh. - M hnh: Windows 2000 Server, cu hnh domain, DHCP, giao thc TCP/IP. cng nh dng NTFS. To sn 10 ti khon cho cc my con t user1 n user10 thng nhau trong mng LAN. i vi my con (client)

- H iu hnh c th dng: Windows XP Professional (hoc Windows 2000 Professional). - Card mng PXE (phin bn 99j tr ln), thuc mt trong 3 loi 3com905C, Intel Pro/100, RTL8139. - Mt cng tham kho ci h iu hnh, cc ng dng... cho my con ( ny sau s khng dng n do d liu ca n c sao vo a o). Dung lng cc chng trnh ci t y l yu t tham kho bn khai bo dung lng a o sau ny. Ci t BXP my ch Ch : trc khi ci BXP 3.1 nu trong my ch ca bn c mt phin bn no trc ca BXP 3.1 nh 3Com VLD, BootNic, BXP2.0 th phi g chng v cc th mc lin quan khi h thng ri mi ci. - Nhn p chut vo tp tin chy. - Hp thoi Setup type xut hin. Chn Full Server, bm Next. - B nh du Tellurian DHCP Server trong hp thoi Select Components (v h thng s dng DHCP - dch v cp pht a ch IP ng ca Windows Server 2003). - H iu hnh thng bo pht hin thm phn cng mi ( a o ca BXP). Bm Next phn mm xc nhn ci t. Bm Continue anyway v ch n khi qu trnh ci BXP my ch hon tt. Cu hnh dch v BXP trn my ch Bn phi ci t cho cc dch v sau: - 3Com PXE Service: dng trong trng hp cc my khch nhn a ch IP t ng t DHCP. - BXP TFTP Service: cc my khch dng np tp tin nh khi ng (bootstrap file). - BXP Login Service: chp nhn cc my khch v cung cp thng tin v cng o m n c gn. - BXP IO Service: truy cp n tp tin a o x l cc yu cu truy xut m my khch gi ti. 3Com PXE Service - Vo menu Start > Control Panel, nhn p chut vo biu tng 3COM PXE. Nu c thng bo dch v ny cha khi ng, nhn Yes b qua. - th Options, bn kim tra ng dn C:\Program Files\Venturcom\BXP\TFTPBOOT. - Nu DHCP ang hot ng my ch th mc Proxy DHCP s b m (ch chn mc ny khi DHCP chy mt my ch khc). - Nhn vo th Network Adapters. nh du a ch IP ca card mng dng chy dch v ny. - Nhn OK thot hp thoi. Venturcom TFTP Service
Biu tng 3Com PXE trn mn hnh Control Panel. nh chp mn hnh. Cc mc ci t ca BXP 3.1. nh chp mn hnh.

Hp thoi Venturcom TFTP Service. nh chp mn hnh.

- Trong Control Panel, nhn p vo biu tng Venturcom TFTP Service. - Kim tra ng dn mc Transmit (GET) directory (ch n file Vldrmi13.bin) phi ng l C:\Program Files\Venturcom\BXP\Tfptboot. - Kim tra mc Allow Transmit c chn. - Nhn vo th TFTP Network v chn vo phn a ch IP ca card mng chy dch v ny. Ch : PXE v TFTP Servers phi c gn cng mt card mng. - Nhn OK lu v thot khi hp thoi. BXP IO Service

Hp thoi BXP IO Service Preferences. nh chp mn hnh.

- Chn mt cng (D hay E) trn my ch (phi c nh dng bng NTFS) to mt th mc lu tr cc file hnh nh ca my khch. - Vo menu Start > Programs > Venturcom BXP, chn BXP IO Service Preferences. Mt hp thoi xut hin.

- Nhn Browse, chn th mc lu tr ni trn. - Ti IP Settings, chn card mng c dng cho dch v ny bng cch chn a ch IP tng ng. - Mc Port phi khai bo ng 6911. - Nhn OK lu v thot khi hp thoi. BXP Login Service

Hp thoi BXP Login Service Preferences. nh chp mn hnh.

- Start > Programs > Venturcom BXP, chn BXP Login Service Preferences. Mt hp thoi xut hin. - Kim tra ng dn mc Database ch n file VLD.MDB l C:\Program Files\Venturcom\BXP\VLD.MDB. - Chn mc Add new clients to database sau ny c th ci t cc cmy con mt cch t ng. - Chn loi card mng dng cho dch v ny bng cch nh du vo a ch tng ng. - Nhn OK. Khi ng cc dch v ca BXP c cu hnh - Trong Control Panel, nhn p vo biu tng Administrative Tools > Services, (hoc Start > Programs > Administrator Tools > Services). C 7 dch v lin quan n BXP, y chng ta ch cu hnh 6 dch v nh sau (b qua 3Com BOOTTP). 1. 3Com PXE 2. BXP TFTP Service 3. BXP Adaptive Boot Server 4. BXP IO Service 5. BXP Login Service 6. BXP Write Cache I/O Server

Cu hnh cho dch v 3ComPXE. nh chp mn hnh.

cu hnh cho dch v 3Com PXE, nhn chut phi ri chn Properties. Trn hp thoi hin ra, nhn Start khi ng dch v. T mc Startup type, thay i t Manual sang Automatic. Sau , chn Apply > OK lu. Ln lt lm tng t cho cc dch v cn li. Khi cu hnh xong, bn c th xem ct Status v Startup Type trn bng Services kim tra chng c t ch Automatic hay cha.

Dng mt cng cho nhiu my tnh (Phn 2)

Sau khi ci t BXP trn my ch, bn s dng chc nng qun tr ca phn mm ny to a o, ti khon ng nhp... cho cc my con.

T menu Start > Programs > Venturcom BXP > BXP Administrator. Ca s ca chng trnh s hin th theo 3 cch: - Client - Disk: lit k cc my con trong c s d liu ca BXP. Khi bm vo mt my con, chng trnh s hin th cc cng o gn cho my ny. - Server - Disk: hin th cc cng o c to trn my ch. - Server - Client - Disk: hin th cc my con, a o v my ch (IO Server) c ci t. Cc cng vic trong BXP Administrator: - Cu hnh cho tp tin khi ng Bootstrap. - ng k IO Server vo c s d liu ca BXP. - To mt a o. - ng k my con vo c s d liu ca BXP. - Gn a o cho my con. 1. Cu hnh cho tp tin khi ng Bootstrap

Hp thoi Configure Bootstrap. nh chp mn hnh.

File ny (tn l vldrmil13.bin) cha thng tin khi ng m BootRom s tm n kch hot cc my con khi bt ngun. Trong BXP th file l . cu hnh cho Bootstrap, thc hin nh sau: - Trn ca s BXP Administrator, chn Tools > Configure Bootstrap. - Sau khi chp nhn ng dn mc nh C:\Program Files\Venturcom\BXP\TftpBoot\VLDRMI13.BIN, nh du vo mc Use BOOTP/DHCP Resolved dng DHCP cp pht a ch IP cho cc my con. - nh du chn Use Database Values ghi a ch IP ca my ci dch v BXP Login Service vo tp tin Bootstrap. - Chn Verbose Mode hin th thng tin chi tit qu trnh khi ng ca cc my con. (Khi ci t cho h thng mng xong, bn c th tt mc ny qu trnh khi ng my con c nhanh hn). - Nhn OK lu v thot khi hp thoi. 2. ng k IO Server vo c s d liu ca BXP mn hnh ca BXP Administrator, vo menu File > New Server. Hp thoi New IO Server xut hin. - Ti mc Name: g vo tn my ch, v d Phongthuchanhtin (tn ny c t phn ci t h iu hnh trn my ch). Nu bn g ng th khi bm vo nt Resolve mc IP Address, my s t hin th a ch IP. - Phn Port mc nh l 6911, khng nn thay i. - Ti Description, g thng tin m t my ch IO Server, hoc trng. Lc ny, trn mn hnh BXP Administrator s xut hin biu tng my ch IO Server va to.
Hp thoi IO Server. nh chp mn hnh.

3. To a o - Vo mc View > Server - Disk. Trn mn hnh BXP Administrator s hin th IO server Phongthuchanhtin. - Vo menu File > New - Disk, hp thoi Add Virtual Disk s xut hin > bm vo New Disk to a o mi. - Nhp dung lng a o mun to Virtual disk size in MB, ti a l 8024 MB. (Ch : nu vng a cha th mc VDISKS ca my ch theo nh dng FAT32 th dung lng ti a khong 4095 MB). - Ti Disk name, g tn cng o, v d Virtualdisk1. G thng tin vo Description hoc trng. - Nhn OK. Ch : Khi cng o c to th dung lng ca n khng thay i c. Do , hy cn c vo kch thc ca h iu hnh v cc ng dng chn cho ph hp. 4. To ti khon ng nhp cho my con To t ng Trong BXP Login Service phi nh du mc Add new client to database. - Khi ng my con cn ng k ti khon (my con phi c chn khi ng t mng LAN trc). - mc Client Name, g tn my con, v d User1. Nhp thng tin m t mc Description hoc bn trng. Lc ny BXP Administrator s np thng tin v lu vo trong c s d liu ca BXP (gm a ch vt l ca card mng v tn t cho my con Client Name). To bng tay - Khi ng tt c cc my con trong mng, ghi li a ch vt l card mng (MAC) ca chng. - Trong BXP Administrator, chn menu File > New - Client, hp thoi New Client s xut hin. - Ti mc Name, g User1. Ti MAC, g a ch IP ca card mng tng ng. Nhp hoc trng Description. - Nhn OK. 5. ng k cng o to trc cho my con - Vo View > Server Client Disk. - Bm chut phi vo mt my con no , v d User1 > Properties > Disks. - Ti Boot order, chn Virtual Disk First (khi ng a o u tin sau khi bt my). - nh du nt Change, hp thoi Select Virtual Disk s xut hin. - T mc All disks, nh du vo biu tng ca IO Server Phongthuchanhtin, my s hin th danh sch cc cng o c to t trc, v d Virtualdisk1.

- nh du vo Virtualdisk1> nhn Add a ny vo danh sch Attached disks. Nu mun b a o no t danh sch th nh du vo v nhn Remove. - Nhn OK lu thng tin.

Dng mt cng cho nhiu my tnh (Phn 3)

Sau khi ci t BXP trn my ch, bn s tin hnh ci phn mm ny cho cc my con. thc hin, ngi dng cn mt cng tham kho c sn h iu hnh v nhng ng dng cn thit.

Bn s phi i qua cc bc sau: - To mt ti khon ngi dng trn my con. - Khai bo v kim tra kt ni mng gia my con v my ch. - Ci BXP 3.1 Client ln my con. - Sao phn khu h thng trn a vt l ca my con vo a o to. 1. To mt ti khon ngi dng trn my con Ti khon ny s dng ng nhp vo h thng sau khi my con khi ng xong. Nu nhiu my dng chung mt a o th ti khon ny cng c nhiu my s dng v nn t ch c quyn qun tr tng ng Administrator ca my con.

To ti khon vi quyn qun tr tng ng Administrator. nh chp mn hnh.

Vo menu Start > Control Panel > User Accounts > Creat a new account > nhp tn ti khon trong mc Name the new account (v d Sinhvien) > Computer Administrator > Creat Account. Ch : khi to xong ti khon Sinhvien vi quyn qun tr tng ng Administrator, bn nn ng nhp bng ti khon ny mi hnh cc bc tip theo. Trc khi thc hin cng vic tip theo, ta cn kim tra vic kt ni mng gia my trm v my ch. 2. Khai bo v kim tra kt ni mng gia my con v my ch Start > Run > g lnh cmd > ipconfig xem a ch c cp trong mc IP Address. 3. Ci BXP 3.1 Client trn my con - Chy setup.exe ca BXP 3.1.

- Hp thoi Setup type m ra, chn Client > Next.

Chn mc Client hp thoi ny ci BXP cho my con. nh chp mn hnh.

H iu hnh thng bo c thm phn cng mi ( a o ca BXP). Nhn Next chng trnh xc nhn ci t ny. Nhn Continue anyway v tip tc cho n khi ci t BXP my con hon thnh. 4. Sao d liu h thng trn my con vo a o n dng a o

Vo My Computer hoc Windows Explorer ca my con va ci t BXP Client, bn s thy thm mt cng mi. nh dng cho a o ny, bm chut phi vo biu tng > Format > khai bo cc tham s nh dng cn thit > Start > OK. Sao d liu t ng trn my con vo a o

- Vo menu Start > All Programs > Venturcom BXP > Image Builder. - Trong hp thoi BXP Client Image Builder, nhn vo a o trong Destination Path lu Windows XP v cc ng dng cn sao t cngt ham kho ca my con. Nhp tn k t a mi xut hin trong My Computer hoc nhn Browse v ch ra tn a ny. - Mun xo ni dung hin c trn a o trc khi sao chp, nh du mc Delete all files and Folder in ... - Nhn Build bt u sao chp, ch n khi hon thnh (t 10-20 pht) - Tt my, tho a cng my con v cho my ny khi ng t BootRom. Ch : Trc khi cho my con khi ng ch no trc ( cng tham kho hay o), bn vo BXP Administrator v thit lp trong mc Boot order. Thc hin tng t vi cc my con cn li.

Dng mt cng cho nhiu my tnh (Phn 4)

Bnh thng, ngi dng cc my con c th truy cp vo a cng o chnh sa v gy nhiu thay i. Lc ny, bn s tn dng mt s tnh nng ci t cache ca bn BXP 3.1 ti u ha mng BootRom.

3 phn trc trnh by cch ci t my khi ng c t mng BootRom. Phn ny s tho lun k hn v cc c ch ca n. BXP t phin bn 2.5 tr ln c h tr cache cho my con vi 4 phng php sau: 1. Private Image vi c ch RAM cache Mi my con c mt cng o ring theo phng php Private image nhng khi my ny hot ng, mi thao tc ghi ln cng (to, xo file, thay i cu hnh... ) s "mn tm" b nh RAM. Sau khi my con khi ng li, h thng s tr v trng thi c.

M hnh mi my con mt o t cache trn RAM. nh: Venturcom.

u im: Mi my con c th khi phc cu hnh c d dng bng cch khi ng li my. Hn ch: Mi s thay i trn cng o u khng c tc dng; RAM ca h thng s b gim lm cache. 2. Private Image vi c ch Server cache Vi cch ny, thay v t cache trn RAM ca my con, ngi dng s chuyn sang cache mt phn cng trn my ch. Nh vy, u im ca phng php ny l khng lm gim RAM h thng ca cc my con.

M hnh mi my con mt o theo c ch cahe t my ch. nh: Venturcom.

3. Shared Image vi RAM cache y, cc my con u dng chung mt cng o nn phi dng ch cache bng RAM ca chng.

u im: Bng thng ti trn mng s gim gip qu trnh khi ng v vic chy ng dng ca cc my con s nhanh hn. Hn ch: Mt phn RAM ca my con phi dng lm cache.

M hnh cc my con dng chung cng, c t cache trn RAM. nh: Venturcom.

4. Shared Image vi Server cache Cache t trn cng ca my ch.

M hnh cc my con dng chung mt , t cache trn cng my ch. nh: Venturcom.

Cch ci t cache Theo phng php Private Image Khi cc my con c th khi ng WindowsXP bng cch Private Image, bn s cu hnh cho chng trn my ch ti u ha h thng. - Trn my ch, t menu Start > Programs > Venturcom BXP > BXP Configuration. Mt hp thoi hin ra. - Nhn vo ng dn ch n cng o cn cu hnh. V d: Mun cu hnh cache cho my User1, chn D:\VDISKS\Virtualdisk1.

Ch : Phi tt my con tng ng trong qu trnh cu hnh. - Nhn vo - Nhn OK hon tt. Ch : Sau khi chn cache trn my ch, trong th mc D:\VDISKS\WriteCache s xut hin cc file tm thi. Theo phng php Shared Image - Multicast v cache Vi cch ny, cc my con trong mng u truy cp vo mt cng o. Bn c th chn o u tin (Virtualdisk1) lm dng chung. Trc ht, ng k Virtualdisk1 cho tt c cc my con trong mng. - Trn my ch, vo menu Start > Programs > > Venturcom BXP > BXP Configuration. Mt hp thoi hin ra. - Chn Enable Multicash boot. Ti Multicast address gi nguyn a ch IP hin c. - Nhn OK. - Sau , khi ng my con u tin c khai bo s dng cng o Virtualdisk1. Ch : - Ln khi ng ny c th lu hn bnh thng. Khi chn ch Multicast, trong th mc D:\VDISKS s c thm file nh dng .abs cha thng tin v cc my con. - Vi Private Image c th chn dng cache hoc khng nhng Share Image - Multicast bt buc phi dng. - Nu my con, bn khai bo ch ng nhp vo my ch dng Domain (ch khng phi Workgroup) th phi khai thm my ch v my con. Ti my ch: Vo Menu Start > Command Prompt > n C:\Program Files\Venturcom\BXP gi lnh BNSETCA USER1 BNSETCA USER2 BNSETCA USER3 (cho n USER10) Ti my con: Vo menu Start > Control Panel > Administrative Tools > Local Security Policy. ca s hin ra, nhn p chut vo Local Policies > chn Security Options. T ca s bn phi, nhn p chut vo Disable machine account password change > chn Enable v nhn OK. Ch : ch thc hin thao tc ny khi cha khai bo cache cho my con.