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Tm tt ni dung
1. Khi nim Vng quang l mt dng phng in t duy tr c trng cho s phng in trong t khng ng nht. Tuy nhin phng in ch t duy tr trong phm vi nh gn in cc c bn knh cong b.
1. Khi nim
I- KHI NIM
Trong qa trnh ion ha, cc phn t b kch thch lm pht VNGsinh ra nhin ph tn QUANG lm vng hp ta sng (gi l vng sng ) v do tc dng ca in trng, cc vng quang dch chuyn ra ngoi hnh thnh dng in vng quang
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1. Khi nim
Ni dung vt l ca vng quang thng nghin cu trong khe h mi nhn cc bn,trong mi nhn thay th cho dy dn c ng knh b. Kt qu o lng cho thy , khi mi nhn cc tnh m dng in vng quang c dng cc xung c lp li u n ( hnh b ). in p tng th th bin gi nguyn v khong cch thi gian gia cc xung rt ngn do dng in trung bnh tng.
1. Khi nim Khi mi nhn c cc tnh dng dng in vng quang cng c dng xung nhng chng rt hn lon v xp chng ln nhau (hnh c)
C.)
-Trong trng hp dy dn mang cc tnh dng th in t xut hin trong khu v ion ha chy v dy dn cn ion dng to thnh in tch khng gian, dch chuyn dn v cc i din.
-Cn khi dy dn mang cc tnh m th in t ri khi khu vc ion ha i vo khu vc in trng yu, tc gim, bm vo cc phn t oxy v hi nc to thnh cc ion m v dch chuyn chm v in cc i din, cn ion dng th chy v dy dn.
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PHNG IN VNG QUANG TRN NG DY TI IN 2.Vng Quang Trn ng Dy Dn in Mt chiu a. Vng quang n cc
Vng quang n cc -Vng quang n cc l trng hp vng quang ch xut hin mt cc, cn cc kia do cng in trng b nn khng xy ra ion ha khng kh.
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PHNG IN VNG QUANG TRN NG DY TI IN 2.Vng Quang Trn ng Dy Dn in Mt chiu b. Vng quang lng cc
Vng quang lng cc -Vng quang lng cc l trng hp vng quang ng thi xut hin c hai cc khc du. -Trong trng hp ny ngoi khu vc qung sng cc ion tri du dch chuyn ngc chiu nhau.
Khoa in TVT - H Giao Thng Vn Ti TP.HCM
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Thc nghim cho thy, cng pht sinh vng quang Evq t ph thuc vo cc tnh.
Trong t in hnh tr: -in p trong trng hp ny l: -Cc in tch c khi mt v chuyn dch vi tc v s to nn dng in vng quang . ng vi n v di ca dy dn dng in vng quang l : r0 bn knh dy dn dc theo trc R bn knh hnh tr > r0
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Vi 2 dy dn bn knh r0 t cch nhau s>>r0 hay dy dn t cch mt phng h=s/2 th cng cps cng thc tng t
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-So snh Evq trong t hnh tr v vi 2 dy t cnh nhau ta thy chng khng ch c kt cu ging m cc h s cng c gi tr gn bng nhau. iu ny gii thch c s phn b trng xung quanh dy dn khu vc c ngha quyt nh i vi phng in vng quang trong c 2 trng hp u ging nhau v cng t xut kh nng nghin cu vng quang ca dy dn mt chiu trn m hnh t hnh tr. S dch chuyn ca in tch t dy c vng quang n cc i din to nn dng in vng quang. Dng ny c tnh cht r v gy tn hao nng lng gi l tn hao vng quang:
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-Trng hp vng quang lng cc xung quanh mi dy dn cn c nhng ion ha khc du vi dy dn, chng lm tng t nhiu cng in trng trn b mt dy dn, do tng cng ion ha gn dy dn v lm tng dng Ivq, ng thi gn dy dn cng xy ra lin tc s kt hp li ca cc ion tri du nhau.
-Chnh v vy m vng quang lng cc trong thc t: dng in vng quang (2) v tn tht vng quang ln hn rt nhiu so vi tng dng in (3) v tn hao vng quang n cc (1).
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-u
+u
- Ivq n cc c to thnh bi dch chuyn ca ch 1 loi in tch cng du vi dy dn pht vng quang (dy- t)
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100
u s
u kv
Hnh:3.1 Tng hao vng quang ng dy ti in 1 chiu, ng dy dn 25 mm. -Trong thc t th tn hao ca vng quang ph thuc rt nhiu vo thi tit, v tng nhiu khi b mt dy ng nhng git sng hoc nc, lm cho cng in trng nhng ni tng cao cc b, lm xut hin vng quang cc b
kv
0,2
u
0 100 200
1- thi tit tt ; 2- ma phn
300
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E0 r
20
E0
r
Nu tha nhn mt in tch khng gian khi vng quang n nh l khng i th E.r=E0.R0=const (vi R l khong cch mt im ti trc dy dn) Khoa in TVT - H Giao Thng Vn Ti TP.HCM
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PHNG IN VNG QUANG TRN NG DY TI IN 3.Vng Quang Trn ng Dy Dn in Xoay Chiu * Qu trnh phng in vng quang trn mi pha
S bin thin in p tc dng Upha v cng in trng trn b mt dy dn trong qu trnh phng in vng quang theo thi gian
Khoa in TVT - H Giao Thng Vn Ti TP.HCM
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PHNG IN VNG QUANG TRN NG DY TI IN 3.Vng Quang Trn ng Dy Dn in Xoay Chiu * Qu trnh phng in vng quang trn mi pha
Dng in in dung (ic) v dng in vng quang ( ivq) bin thin theo thi gian
Khoa in TVT - H Giao Thng Vn Ti TP.HCM
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Cc in tch khng gian c tao ra do phng in vng quang na chu k ny b y ra xa dy dn nhng li khng n c ti dy dn pha kia. Trong na chu k sau, in tch khng gian bi ht v pha dy dn to ra n, nhng cng khng v c pha dy dn m b trung ho bi in tch khng gian ngc du do vng quang na chu k k tip to nen. Ngoi ra tn hao cn tng nhiu do iu kin thi tit nh ma ,ma phn, sng..
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3.Vng Quang Trn ng Dy Dn in Xoay Chiu *Bin php gim tn tht vng quang
Edd > 30 KV/Cm Bin php ch yu gim tn tht vng quang l gim Edd <28 KV/Cm th khng pht sinh vng quang Cho mt ng dy bn knh r0 t cch t mt on l h th cng in trng
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tn hao vng quang ph thuc vo cng in trng cc i trn b mt dy dn, m cng in trng cc i ph thuc vo bn knh dy dn Nn gii php hp l v kinh t v k thut l to nn loi dy dn c ng knh ln nhng tit din nh -Dy dn rng. - dy dn c tit din tng cng.
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Um=110 kv : F70mm2 Um=220 Kv : F240mm2 Tng r0 Dng dy dn rng ( nhng c bn km ) Dng dy li thp AC Dy nhm Dy thp
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