EXAM PRACTICE TEST 2

READING TASK Iask1. (l point per item.) you are going to read a newspaperalticle. Fire sentences haye been removedftom the text. For questions 7-5 chooseftom sente ces A-F the o e t')hich bestfts each gap. Thete is one extra sentenceyou do not need.

MARS ORBITER REACHESRED PLANET at Hitting the atmosphre the wrong speedmeansthat it will bounceoff and go off into deep space. B. Thatmeans cansee we thingslike a smallspringofhot watercomingout ofthe grcund, ifsuch a thingexists. ThepubJic in anticipation are oftoudstmissions theRedPlanet. to D. Thenextphase themissionwill be to slowlyshrinkthe spacedaft's pathaxound for the rvorld until it achieves tight, circular,two-houl orbit. a F periodofradio silence passed Newsof its success followeda tense while the spacecmft behind Mars. About20 miDutes latef,MRO switched ilom solarto batterypowerasit passed behind planet andenteredinto a pedod of mdio silence. the O$iter (MRO) has suraiveda criticalphase its in NASA'S Mars Reconnaissance mission by parking itself in all elliptical orbit aroundthe red Planet. 1. _. Over the next six months, the probe will steadily reduce the size of its orbit until it reachesan MRO will exarnine Marrial surfaceand the optimalposition to start scientificstudies. atmosphere unprecedented detail. in At 21.24GMT, asthe spacecraft approached south-side the olthe planet, engines its The refred, slowing its speedard allowing it to be captued by Mar's gravity. 2. __. establishment contacthalf an hour later was met with jubilation from the mission teamat of (NASA) laboratory, Pasadena, theUSA space agency's in Califomia."I am very relieved," MRO projectmaragerJim Graft said."It waspefect picture".Mr. Graft earlierdescribed Mars as "unpredictable"- with two of the last four orbitersNASA sentto the plaret not sun'iving the frnal apprcach.MRO is now in a 35-hour elliptical trajectory aroundMars, point it will swingout to about44,000km above planet'ssurface. whereal its fu1thest the 3. _. This processwill take six months,and employs a techniqueknown as each aerobraking, wherebythe spacecraff slowsitself down by usingthe iiiction created past The time it brushes theMartianatmosphere. orbiterwill haveto perfom this technique maioeuweis perilous, Professoi as morethan500timesandeach Collin Pillinger,who led the IJK's FailedBeagle2 missionto Mars in 2003,observed: it goesin the planet's "If atmosphere far it heatsup andcnshes andbums". too 2006,oncethe orbiteris in the optimalposition, twothe 4. _. In November yearscience phase the missionwill commence. spacecraft The carriesa payJoadof six of with camenscapable taking close-up images of scientific instmments is equipped and of bus' theplanet's sudace. Prcvious orbite$ couldseesomethilgthe sizeof a double-decker on the surface Mars,but this onecanseea dinnertable.5. of . The NASA mission teamsaysthat MRO will retum lo-times more datathan all ofthe previousMars missions pictureofhow Marshaschanged together. aim ofthe missionis to build rip a detailed The 13

therewereoncedversot ocealsandwhat its climatewasonce $'hether overthemille11nia: like. The spacecraftwill also locate landing sites for future Mafiian rovers The grcat world it hasnow become is mystery how it tumedinto the desolate
(Adapted ftomBBC NEWS)

5 ooints 'l:rsk2. For questions choose each 1-6 from headi gsA-G theonewhichbestsultlnarizes paragraph. Thereis one eira headingyoLtdo not eedto Ltse EN\'IRONMENT BRITISHUNI\'ERSITIESIN A NEW COMPETETIVE A, Gloomypredictions contribution B. Russia's to C. New strategies athactstudents competitor D, A serious E. Moietarypolicy lncome F. Foreign G, Birth rateproblems t. __ -T1* weekwill applicatiolfigdes *hich are due-next university "l*t"t.ly "*aited "top-up" fecs is having an inpact on the demandlbr show that thc introductionof they will be downby only a few suggest soundings However, places Englancl in univercity will pointswhicir,afterlast year'sspikein demand, not yet rilrg alarmbellsor percentage these the idea of goingto unilersity Neveltheless are s"chool-1eav"rs abandoning ...,ggest is healthy at present,thereis a big are-inxioustimes for universities.While studentdemand in decline looming ftom 2010 when the n mber of lS-year-o1ds the demographic decline' goes into a longandsteady populatjon

2.

e.t th" *-" tlr*, ,tniversity leade$ point out that extra income from "top-dp" fees brrsanes of as will makeonly a maiginaidifference, mrLch it will go on fundingsludent thereis no charceofthe 3'000 th-at prediciions, "top-up"feescoulddseto 5,000, Despite inance in 2009' That is why so rcview of student capbeing raisedbeforethe promised students havcbeenpinnjngtheir hopeson rccruitingmoreintemational nany universities muchhigherfees the r.ho, ptovidingtheycomefrom outside EU, canbe charged 3. g'lbn a yearto Bdtish tmiversities and to ar; stualents esdmated bring in about intemational risingfor someyears havebeensteadily tl0bn to the econonyasa whole Numbers some in students theuK overseas 300,000 andtherearonow around 1 . --O. _ in students theLrK by oveBeas thatwouldmean850,000 outlook, th" "pit^"tt" that this optimistic by organized the UCAS suggested 2020. However,a conference - too hopeful.The message was thet the UK hap been predictioncoulclbe just that market for British universities could be aboutto complacentand the i;ternational studeDt because of"tip-up" feesaltd demand If collapse. it does on top of a slowingof domestic face change thenunjversities a bleakfuture demographic
l4 S" f* t1", L". proved to be a very luclative business for Bdlish. Llniversilies:

5.

The reasonfor the concemlies in the fact that the UK is now losing market shaxe in the global studeotmarket,as competitionis hotting up. Take China, for example.Last year the rumber of UK student visa applications fell by 3g%. China has doubled its own undergiaduate provision in the past five years,Elite Chineseuniversities are now ooenine campuses other pa.rtsof that huge country in order to competewith best universiti.s ii in theworld. 6.-Otherunivenities in continentalEuropehavestartedto provide coumesfor overseas students aretaughtin English. example, that For Malaysia sendjng medical is its students to Russiawherethey arebeing taughtin English. So,just asBritish universitieshave startedto rely heavily on the ove$easmarketto sustain their over-stretched budgets,it seems bubblecould be aboutto burst. the
(Adapted fiom BBCNEWS) For questions 7 13 use the informa.tiak in the t,rt to complete the sentences. !-in(t in the text wolds \rhich tuean the satue as the u alerlined words below. Ihere is an example (00).

New fees atehavrrrgan impact on the demandfor university placesin England. 7, Many residents !i9!9!!9d the village in the hopeoffindingjobs in a big city. Many resrdents the village in the hopeof finding jobs in a big city. 8. Thepossibility of losing the match appeared tfueateninsasopponents weie srong. The possibility of losing tbe match asopponents wete strong. 9. He wasgiven a sant to continuehis studies. He was given to continuehis studies. I0. He reliedon his brother bepromoted thecompany. to in Ite _ his brotherto be promotedin the company. 11. I{is failure to enteruniversity madethe situationdepressins. His failure to enteruniversity madethe situation | 2. Theyorean English ize classes srudents all ae;lor of They Englishclasses students for ofall ages. 13.The trappedminershad little oxygento stav alive. Therewas not enoughoxygen life. 13points
Task 3. (1 point per item). You are going to read an article. For questlohs I_6 choose the aftswers (A, B, C or D) which best amplete the sehtencesgiven acionling to the text.

00. New fees are having a stronq effect on the dernald for university places in England.

EARTHQUAKE STORMS I. Eaahquakes disastrous are because A. they areunpredictable. B. theycause lot offatalities. a C. theyruin a lot ofbuildings. D. they accumulate lot of energy. a 2. Tectol|ic powercauses A. oneearthquake. 15

3.

4.

5. ' 6.

B. the stress lille. C, more eaxthquakes later. D. othersources energy. of to {hat Stein'sinvestigatio[ showed it waspossible predict A. the place ofthe earthquake. B. the time ofthe earthquakes. C. the following eafthquake. D. the duration ofthe eafihquake. Kjng was looking for A. mole scientifrc data. B. the next iown to be struck. C. the rcd zone. ard quakes Landers Big Bear. in D, connection between Lotsofpeoplewerekilled because was A. mediacoverage not full. predicdons loo late. were B. King's C, peoplewerc indiffereDtto the infomation in D. nobody believed King's theory. Themain ideaofthe articleis people. to measlres save A, to find effective B, to foresee why the quakewill strike. of confirmation thecomingquakes. a C. to discover scientifrc /one. red D. ro leammoreaboulLhe

natual disasterson the planet. In the are Earlhquakes amongthe most devastating are last hundredyearsthey have claimedthe lives of over oaemillion people.Earthquakbs nature.It is impossible10 say accuratelywhen a of destructivebecause their unpredictable quakewill strike but a new theory could help savelives by preparingcities long in advance for ar eafihquake. 'tectolic' plales These I platesare rn The surface the Earthis madeup of large of slolv but constantmotion. When two plates push againsteach other friction genemtesa occur most frequently on tectonic fault great deal of energy.For this rcason earthquakes lines, where two plates meet. However, these fauit lines run for thousandsof kilometers; will occuris nearlyimpossible. predicting wherea quake exactly in a In 1992,Dr. RossSteinwasmonitoring largequake a town in Califomiacalled Laaders.Three hours later, there was another quake 67 km away at Great Bear. Stein believedthat this was not simply aa aftershock,insteadhe theorizedthe event at Lande$ occursthe at had set off the earthquake Big Bear. Stein believesthat when an earthquak in part, transfeiredalong the fault line It is this stess that has built up along the fault, is energythat causes other quakesto occurhous, daysor monthsafter the original. between quakes LandeNandBig the in Stein'steambegarto look for connections Bear.They had akeadybeenworking on a computermodel that could help them studythe The data collected during the Landers,tsigBear quake relationshipbetweenearthquakes. had enabledthem to createa model that could predict wherethe sbessfiom Larders lvould did l'lavebeentansferred. Wl1enthey looked at the rsult the calculations, indeedshowthat the sbessAom Landerswould havebeentrarsfeEedalong the fault to Big Bar. They then 'aftershocks'and discoveredthat almost all occurredwithin a plotted all of tire subsequent stoms high-risk areathey called a lred zone'. This did not prcve the theory of earthquake droueh. 16

by ofthe North Anatolian fault in Prof G. King was fascinated fie cyclic behaviou.r northem Turkey. King used the samemodel that had been used to show the connection King looked at was in the betweenquakesin Landersand Big Bear. The first earthquake oofihem city of Erzican in 1939.Using the availabledata on that quake he found that a rown calledTocatwas in the red zone.Tocatwas struckby a quakein 1942.The model seemed be working.Ir 1967 Ad^pazai, alsoin the red zone,was hit. It looked like stress to getreEted in one eadhquakewas being transfeded to the west. These could not be by aflershocks they were sepatated years,not by hours. as As King continuedto put datainto the model he discoveredthat a city calied Izmit peopleKing and of seemed be the next placeto be struck.With a popuiation 500,000 to public. Newspapers, other scientistsknew they neededto make this discoveryknown to joumals aad other publicationsprinted this remarkablenews. Unfortunately,there science *as not enoughinterest from the local community. In August 1999 King \xas tagically just 45 seconds lasting killed 25,000 energetic earthquake proveddght when a massively people. King also knew that there was a high chanceof more quakes.Using the data site acquiredftom Izrnit he beganto work out wherethe next most likely earthquake would At a be.Thearswerwould cause grcatdealofconcem. the edgeofthe red zonelay the cily oflstanbul, hone to morethanfour millior people.
(A&pred ft om $r^.w.nationalgecgraphic.con1)

6 Doints

USE OF ENGLISE Task1.(1 poi tper item).Useonlyoneword whichbestfitseachgap. SPACEI THE FINAL FRONTIER (U splead overthe sudace Humans of We belongto a species expiorers. (2) space. In explore aboveour heads: is The greatest ftontierleft ofour planet. have madethe first tentativetdp into 40 years,peopleand satellites the (3) _ (5) inventa yet to come.Sooner latersomeot'le or (4) the bestis space, _ (6) not come from the billion doliar cheap reusable space vehicle.The change prcgrans either.A dozenor more privately fundedteamsare budgetsof govemlent space must (7) _ competingfor somethingcalled the X pdze To win that (8) peopleinto spacetwice il1 the samevehicle within two weeks The first team launchthree They couldbe the to do thatwiil win $10 million. But they co[ld win far t9) flights into space.First, they will be (11) (10) to offer touristsfare-paying lhe the earlyaviato$ a centurybefore:in the pilot's seat But eventually, space perhaps stay to into space, at equivalent iumboiets will takepassengers a (12)of on (13)to takeadventue holidays theMoon. in orbitinghotelsor to be things we cannot But the greatestuses of spacemay tum (14) A. C. Clarke puts it, if there were intelligent fish imagine at present. As the writet many reasons world of dry land, they might suggest proposingto move into the dangercus as (15) _ to go. But they would never drink of fire. Maybe we will find somethrng importantasfire in space.
(Adapidftom BBC NEWS)

15poi 17

T^sk2. (1 poittt per item). Read the texts,a dfor questtons1-20 completethe gaps with the applopriate verbfonh. GORILLAS (to leave) in the There are probably fewer than 100,000gorillas (1) probably of the most immediate concem lts world. The eastem lowlaod gorilla is (to think) to be 17,000in the early 1990s,but nunbers (3) population(2) (to crash) recently as war and mining bring thousandsmore people into the (to investigate) properly gorilla's range. The area is too dangerous(4) (to die). (5) suggest thousands estimates (to spread)between 280 crossriver gorillasremain,(O Approximately borders.Two isolatedmountaingorilla remah, (7) tea areas the Nigeriar and Cameroon on (to number) 700 itrdividuals in total Following the Rwandacivil war, a million (to settle) in carnpson the edge of the Virunga National Park' ."trg"* tS) -(to be) a disasterfor the peopleinvolved, this crisis put considerable n".id"., lirj and prcssrreon natttal resources wildlife. CHIMPANZEESAND BONOBOS (to classify) as There are four subspeciesof chimpanzees,aU (10) (to decline) The forest home Endangered the IUCN, and their numbers(11) by (to become) island an (12) in ofthe now famous Gombechimpanzee's Tanzania into the forest edgesfor firewood ard agricultural asneighbouringvillages gadually chop space. (to find) oniy in Congo, but their population(14) Bonobos (13) .-(to kill) for (to decrease)&amatically so far. Now someofthem (15) (to they (17) (shoot) because t*ut, otlt".s are merly caught or (1O _mistake) for the enemy.Unless people rcalize that delbrestation,the bushmeattrade and are disease the main thteatsto thesecreatues,by 2050 our fuhte generation(18) (to start) thinking how to (not see) them any more. It is about time we (19) (to die). protect ftom chimpanzees (20)_ (Adapted BBC NEws) ftom 20Doi
so T^sk3. Rerpriteeach sentence that the meaningof your sentenceis exactly the safie as the mea itlg of the origi al sentence. {Jse the word given without changing its form You may h,ritefrom two loJive worJs.

I 1. WhenI startedmy speech forgot everythingI was going to say' anythitrg WhenI stadcdmy speeoh 2. The receptionistaskdme ifl wantdany more information. else The receptionistaskedme if 3, Janlast $.roteto him two monthsago. heard He

I was going to say.

I wantedto ask.

for two months.

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4, The owner ofthe compaly was ill so they calcelled the meeting

owrng Themeeling
5. A technicianis comiDgto fix our computernext Thursday. fixed

theownerbeingill.

next Thursday.

6. "Would you like to go out for lunch?"asked Robert. going Robert thatjob," saidGloria. 7. "It's a pity I didn't accept accepting Gloda 8. "I didn't takethemoney,"saidJohnto thejudge. havirg John 9. Thesame tenants shanog roomthis year. arc the
changed The same tenants sharing tl're room 10. Perhaps boy was rescued a soldier. the by have The boy 10 Doints

for lunch.

thatJob.

ine money.

last year.

by a soldier.

T^sk 4, (1 point per item). For questions1-15 redd the text below and loak careJullyat eachline. Someofthe lines are coffect, and some haye a word which should not be therc. If a line is correct,put a ticL (r). If a line has a word which should not be there, \rrite the l,rord an the line.

1. Oneofthe crowning achievements of20thcentury was 2. beingthe discovery ofthe genetic codeandtheway 3. in whichhow it laysdownall theprotein building 4. blocksofour bodies. theothers But effects ofthe jusl beginning be 5. genctic rcvolution orl) to dre 6. felt.ln thenexta coupieof years scientists have will 7. thecomplete mapofthe own humangenome. 8. Br-rt therewill sti11 a centuy ofwork in discove ng be gene 9. how each doesfunctions. With fiat will come 10.a nedicalrevolution, it will alsohavecha.nge blrt the 11. way we understand life. We rrrayleam the answerto 12. the most greatest questionof all: how did life 13.begin? lifejust a random accident may Is by that 14.happen easilyandtherefore mayhavebeen 15.happened manytimesin our vastgalaxy, for or is it somethingspecialandrare? 15Doints

WRITING TASK "f^skl. Write an e-mail on the topic belote it Youhave just seer a.newperfotmanceand wttnt to recorfirfiend to yout ftiend Writeyout aryutuen;swhy this petformanceis leo/th seeingand adtiseyout fliend to seeit' Write vour letter betweetr110-130 words.

and Pleasecount tlle numberofwords in your message write it down at the bottom of the pag.All words, including articlesandprepositions,shouldbe counted' Task2. Wite a story on the topic below. You have decidedtL entur a short story competitioh The competition rules say that your I story mustbegin \tith thefollowing rrord.s; knewI woukl succeedI simply had to try'

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and Pleasecount the numberofwolds in you! message writq it down at the bottom shouldbe countd. ofthe page.All wods, including articlesatrdprepositions,
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