Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

TNH TON V THIT K M HNH THC NGHIM SY LNH NG DNG SY G

CALCULATING AND DESIGNING EXPERIMENTAL MODEL FOR COLD DRYING APPLYING FOR WOOD DRYING SVTH: Trn Quc Dng, Nguyn Vn Minh
Lp:05N1-Khoa CNNL, Trng i hc Bch khoa

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Vang

Khoa Cng ngh Nhit-in lnh, Trng i hc Bch khoa
TM TT Bi bo m t chi tit cu to my sy bm nhit, cc quy trnh sy, cc bi th nghim v trnh by kt qu nghin cu thc nghim i vi loi g c chn th nghim. T cc kt qu sy thc nghim, chng ti phn tch v nh gi cht lng g sy ng thi chn ch sy vi thi gian sy ngn m cht lng g khng nh hng g nhiu. ABSTRACT The article describes structured heat pump dryer, drying process, all experiments and presented result of experimental studies for wood selected for the experiment. From the experimental results of drying, we analyze and evaluate the quality wood drying simultaneously select drying mode for a short time but does not affect much quality wood

1. M u G l loi vt liu bn nh,c s dng nhiu trong sinh hot i sng, cng nh cng nghip.Tuy nhin vic ch bin g bng phng php thng thng cn tn nhiu thi gian v cht lng g km.V vy vic nghin cu ng dng sy g bng phng php sy lnh l iu cn thit. Bi theo l thuyt th sy lnh cho php sy vt liu nhanh m li m bo cht lng vt sy tt nht. 2. Ni dung 2.1. Thit b sy thc nghim 2.1.1. Cu to - Bung sy: Bung sy thc nghim c kch thc 1160Lx830Wx940H (mm). Bn trong c xp g, 1 qut tun hon cng bc cng sut 160 W - Bm nhit: My nn 12000 BTU/h; 2 dn lnh din tch 2x 0,19 m2, 3 dn nng din tch 3 x 0,25 m2, bnh cha cao p; 2 ng mao, in tr cng sut 0,7 kW, qut ht (hng trc) 130kW H thng cn lp cc thit b t ng iu khin nh cm bin nhit , m, cc van in t iu khin t ng duy tr nhit v m

164

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

1155

3 1
440

10

11
250

470

150

14 5

13 6 12 15 4 7

Hnh 1. S cu to my sy bm nhit 1-Bc cch nhit; 2-Khung st; 3-Qut hng trc; 4-My nn; 5-Dn lnh; 6-Mng hng nc; 7-Dn nng ngoi; 8-Dn nng trong; 9-in tr; 10-Tm hng dng; 11-Bung sy; 12-Knh xem ga; 13-ng mao;14-Lc bi;15-Bnh cha cao p

M hnh thc nghim my sy bm nhit thc hin

Hnh 2: M hnh my sy bm nhit

2.1.2. Nguyn l hot ng Khng kh c qut ht, ht vo dn lnh v c lm lnh xung di nhit ng sng nn m s ngng t v tch ra khi khng kh.Dung m ca khng kh gim xung nhng do nhit cng gim nn m tng i ca khng kh sau dn lnh cao.Khng kh tip tc c qut ht v dn nng v c gia nhit ng dung m nn m ca khng kh gim mnh.Sau khng kh c a v bung sy, hp th m ca g. m tng i ca khng kh tng v khng kh c ht v dn lnh. Chu trnh c th tip tc.

165

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

2.2. Quy trnh thc nghim sy g G c la chn sy th nghim l g thng 2.2.1. Chun b g sy G sy c kch thc 710Lx100Wx25H (mm). Cc thanh k c kich thc 25x25x600 (mm).G c xp ng y trong bung sy. 2.2.2. Chn ch sy thc nghim Ta tin hnh 2 phng php sy: - Gi nguyn ch sy g ( nhit , m) cho n khi g t m yu cu.Ta tin hnh 2 bi th nghim nhit 20 v 25oC , m thp nht c th. - Thay i ch sy (nhit , m) ty thuc tng giai on bc m ca g 2.2.3. Phng php ly s liu a. Xc nh m g - o m g:Chn mt s thanh ngu nhin o m, sau ly gi tr trung bnh l m ban u ca g a vo sy. Cc thanh g c m qu cao hoc qu thp s loi ra. - B tr cc mu g phi thng qua vic la chn tiu chun mu g i din thch hp nht cho toan b ng g.Mt khc cch sp xp phi sao cho d ly ra v xp vo v tr trong vic kim tra nh k sut quy trnh sy g - o m ca g nh thit b o m g cm tay - Trong qu trnh sy, c 6 ting ly mu ra o li m g 1 ln b. Xc nh trng thi khng kh trong phng - Dng sensor cm bin nhit v m trong phng - Thit b o tc gi trong phng c. Xc nh cht lng g sy - cong vnh, nt n dn n khng s dng vo cc mt hng cng loi nh ra ban u. - S ng u v m trong ng g v trong tng thanh g sy - chai cng, nhn nhm b mt g gy kh khn v hao ht g trong qu trnh ch bin hng mc - t co gin v bin dng trong qu trnh sn xut cng nh s dung sn phm sau ny. 2.3. Kt qu thc nghim Sau khi tin hnh th nghim, chng ti tng hp kt qu nghin cu th nghim theo cc th quan h di y.

166

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

2.3.1. Gi nguyn ch sy Chng ta tin hnh sy g thng 2 ch nhit , m t xc nh m ca g theo thi gian. Kt qu c biu din trn hnh 3

Hnh 3. S thay i m theo thi gian w=f() ca g thng

Kt qu - Thi gian sy nhanh (3-4 ngy) hn khi sy bng phng php sy nng (7-10 ngy). V khi sy bng bm nhit khng c giai on phun m b sung ng thi gradient nhit v m c xu hng cng chiu nhau nn s thc y qu trnh tch nc ra khi g. - Trn b mt g b nt n nhiu v khi m g t n trng thi bo ha th g wbhtg (25%< wbhtg<30%) ta vn gi nguyn ch sy vi th sy ln m trong giai on ny g thng hay b cong vnh, bin dng. Nhn xt T kt qu nghin cu trn ta rt ra c ch sy g phi phi thay i qua 3 giai on: Giai on thot m t do (w> 30%): l giai on m thot ra nhiu nn th sy ln Giai on g c m nm trong khoang m bo ha th g(wbhtg=25-30%): Giai on ny g thng cong vnh, bin dng nn th sy phi nh Giai on thot m lin kt: (w<20%) cn tng th sy rt ngn thi gian sy. 2.3.2. Thay i ch sy Ta tin hnh ch sy: Giai on u, ta tin hnh ch sy nhit 25oC cho n khi m ca g cn 30% Giai on tip theo, ta tin hnh ch sy du nhit 18 oC cho n khi m ca g cn 20% Giai on cui, ta tin hnh ch sy nhit 25oC cho n khi g kh kit
167

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

Kt qu th nghim c biu din trn th hnh 4

Hnh 4. S thay i m theo thi gian w=f() ca g thng

Kt qu - Cht lng g tt hn hn, t l g b nt n t hn nhiu so vi sy mt ch , cc thanh nt n ch yu l do m ca g ban u a vo sy khng ng u. - Thi gian sy tng ln do phi duy tr ch sy du giai on m ca g nm trong khong 20-30%. 3. Kt lun T thc nghim nghin cu, sy g bng phng php sy lnh s dng bm nhit t c nhng hiu qu nht nh: thi gian sy c rt ngn m cht lng g khng b thay i nhiu, chi ph nng lng thpV vy vic s dng bm nhit sy g cn c tip tc nghin cu mt cch ton din tm ra ch sy ti u, nhm a phng php sy ny ng dng vo thc t vi quy m cng nghip. TI LIU THAM KHO [1] TS Trn Vn Vang (2010), Nghin cu thc nghim sy g, Tp ch KH & CN, i hc Nng, s 2(37).2010, tr. 100110. [2] GS-TSKH Trn Vn Ph, Tnh ton thit k h thng sy, NXB Gio dc 2002. [3] PGS.TS Hong Ngc ng (2009), Nghin cu nh hng ca cch b tr dn lnh v tc gi n kh nng tch m t dn lnh ca may sy kiu bm nhit, Tp ch KH & CN, i hc Nng, s 5(34).2009, tr. 37 43.

168