A World Apart Axia College of University of Phoenix CJS 230 March 6, 2010 Criminals have been dealt with

in different ways by different countries all across the world for the past few centries.No matter where it started thieves murders or betrayers were punished there was always a jail to house these criminals. The United States has a Correction System which some contries have not input a correction system into thier criminal justice system. With todays society, there needs to be a place where individuals who commit a crime serve their time and hopefully can learn from their experiance and better themselves. The United States has two types of institutions private and government ran institutions. The privately ran institutes are paid from the states government and commonly a lower cost to the state. , these facilities can choose who comes in as an inmate or employee which is a down side to this. The state ran facilities are a little more expensive, they have to except inmates no matter what and are able to hire the most qualified for the job. They will need some type of security no matter how the facilities are ran. We are going to compare institiutions from here in the United States with institutions all around Austrailia. In Southern Australia there is the facility called Yatala Labour Prison, this is considered a correction facility due to the large capacity. There is another one called Port Lincoln, this one is alot smaller than Yatala and is geared to smaller yet more productive reasoning. The warden was in total control in the autocratic styleWhich was the control over all of the employees and inmates. The prisoners had no rights with the autocratic style along with no court authority and the warden had no authority to answer if one where to complain.On the bureacratic side the inmates were more important and with this style the inmates would have self-government known as the Mutual Welfare League. Australia is an independent country so all of its territories are different,all the different territories do not have to have the same criminal jsutice system. The united states is the samein a way. Not all of our states our the same and we ar independent., We however in all our states have the same ammendments that must be followed and is enforced by our government However, the different states can elaborate on those different laws. The purpose and the role of privatization is to have a private company control and lower costs for the state. by granting private security companies the license to run a state owned prison, costs can be controlled better than if the state was to continue to supervise it. I believe privatization of the prisons would help lower the prison population increase. privately ran prisons have the choice to be meticulous on which individules come to the prison., they are first highly selective of the individules that are brought to ther prisons. Second, anyone with a known healh issue or posses a security risk will not be allowed and sent to another prison.

The Yatala prison population size can accommodate up to 468 prisoners in cell blocks all together. It has men and women. it can accommodate protectee's and it si a public facility. As more of a rehabilitaion facility Port Lincoln can accommodate up to 90 prisoners. There are five security levels in the state prison systems the prisons are classified; Open-security facilities, Minimum-security prisons, Medium-security prisons, Close-high-security prisons, and Maximum-security prisons. Open-security facilities do not have armed guard or fences to keep them in the facility. These are commonly known as half way houses or any type of community-based facility. If an inmate walks away from these facilities, they are considered an escape risk and when caught up to they are sent to a maximum-security facility where they can serve the rest of their sentence (Foster, 2006). Security facilities all over Australia range in security depending on what they are being used for. The security levels of the Yatala facility is a high, medium and low security. It covers all the areas because of the location and the capacity. The Port Lincoln facility is a low to medium facility. It men only and is a farm based facility. Gangs are said to be a group of young people who spend time together and may engage in delinquent behavior, a group of people who work together for intent to commit crimes, or even just a group of people who get together and share the same interests in life. I am sure that life in the Australian jails is just as hard as they are here in the states; especially if there are facilities that house protectees. According to the U.S. Constitution (1979). The purpose and function of Title 42 Section 1983 is that every person who, under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage, of any State or Territory or the District of Columbia, subjects, or causes to be subjected, any citizen of the United States or other person within the jurisdiction thereof to the deprivation of any rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the Constitution and laws, shall be liable to the party injured in an action at law, suit in equity, or other proper proceeding for redress, except that in any action brought against a judicial officer for an act or omission taken in such officer's judicial capacity, injunctive relief shall not be granted unless a declaratory decree was violated or declaratory relief was unavailable. For the purposes of this section, any Act of Congress applicable exclusively to the District of Columbia shall be considered to be a statute of the District of Columbia (Madison, 2006). The Port Lincoln facility produces food crops for the local businesses and raises farm cattle as well. It also has a wood working shop for the medium prisoners, they produce the benches for the parks a recreational and birdhouses. They have even gone as far as help rebuilding the levies in the local areas. At the Yatala Facility is more geared towards serving the time and releasing. According to the Department of Corrective Services, Offenders are encouraged to participate in a wide range of educational and vocational training programs that are available throughout the State while they are in custody. Programs are managed by the Education and Vocational Training Unit and are aimed at securing employment for offenders upon release (Government of Western Australia, 2008). Under s21(1) of the Parole Act an inmate released from imprisonment prior to the expiration of his sentence as a result of remission (including earned remission) the term of which exceeds sixty days, shall be subject to mandatory supervision. Mandatory supervision may be suspended and revoked in the same way as parole.

Intermediate sanctions can benefit both the prisons and the criminals themselves. Intermediate sanctions can benefit the prisons by lowering the criminal count inside the jails and prisons. This allows the prisons to have a more controlled environment and have a sufficient amount of corrections officers vs. inmates. It will also help the criminal by not enclosing them in a prison cell. They also provide counseling for a number of psychological problems, such as depression and anger management. It also provides a way for drug abusers to get some help while they serve their time. These things are very beneficial to the criminal and may even help them get ahead in life. The two benefits of the community corrections is one, they provide Substance Abuse Treatment/Counseling and they offer job placement assistance. The Residential Re-entry Center provides free drug testing and rehabilitation for the specific needs of each individual in the program. These inmates in this program have to find a job within 15 days of the initial move. The good thing about this is the people that work there will help them find a job. Australia is no different; they place their parolees on constant supervision. Community corrections comprise of a variety of non-custodial programs. They teach them while they are in jail on how to reconnect with the outside so they are not repeat offenders. It seems that there are many countries that are starting to implement our ways into their criminal justice system. Many countries just simply do not have the space or the funds to build the correctional institutes like the ones that we have. Nevertheless, we do have to give them credit of how hard they are trying to clean up their country and take action against those who have done wrong. No matter how hard we work whether it is the US or any other country we will always have to put someone in the correction institute at some point in time. References Australian Institute of Criminology . (2008). South Australian correctional facilities. Retrieved December 8,2009, from Australian Institute of Criminology: http://www.aic.gov.au/research/corrections/facilities/sa.html Government of Western Australia. (2008). Prisoner Rehabilitation and Education. Retrieved December 10, 2009, from Department of Corrective Services : http://www.correctiveservices.wa.gov.au/R/rehabilitationandeducation.aspx?uid=5169- 7496-91705376 Madison, J. (2006, 1 2). Office of the Law Revision Counsel, U.S. House of Representatives. Retrieved December 11, 2009, from www.uscode.house.gov: http://uscode.house.gov/uscodecgi/fastweb.exe?getdoc+uscview+t41t42+2873+0++%28%29%20%20AND%20%28%2 842%29%20ADJ%20USC%29%3ACITE%20AND%20%28USC%20w%2F10%20%28 1983%29%29%3ACITE%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20 Siegel, L. J. (2006). Criminology. Thomas Wadsworth. South Australian Government . (1998). Prison and Prisoner Management. Retrieved December 11, 2009, from Department of Justice Correctional Services: http://www.corrections.sa.gov.au/prisons/yatala_labour_prison.htm