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O B J E C T I V E -T Y P E Q U E S T I O N S

QUANTITATIVE APTITUDE
Questions asked in XLRI Examination held on January 9, 2005

Directions: In each question below, choose the correct and at the point P, forming a loop. The straight line OP
alternative from the four options provided. divides the loop into two parts. What is the ratio of the areas
1. Last year Mr Basu bought two scooters. This year of the two parts of the loop?
he sold both of them for Rs 30,000 each. On one, he earned (A) 3 : 1 (B) 3 : 2
20% profit, and on the other he made a 20% loss. What was (C) 2 : 1 (D) 1 : 1
his net profit or loss? 7. How many numbers between 1 to 1000 (both
(A) He gained less than Rs 2000 excluded) are both squares and cubes?
(B) He gained more than Rs 2000 (A) none (B) 1
(C) He lost less than Rs 2000 (C) 2 (D) 3
(D) He lost more than Rs 2000 8. An operation ‘$’ is defined as follows:
2. In an examination, the average marks obtained by For any two positive integers x and y,
students who passed was x%, while the average of those F x y I
who failed was y%. The average marks of all students taking x$y = GH y
+
x
JK then which of the following is an
the exam was z%. Find in terms of x, y and z, the percentage
of students taking the exam who failed. integer?
( z – x) ( x – z) (A) 4$9 (B) 4$16
(A) (B)
( y – x) ( y – z) (C) 4$4 (D) None of the above
( y – x) ( y – z) 9. If f(x) = cos(x) then 50th derivative of f(x) is:
(C) (D) (A) sin x (B) – sin x
(z – y) ( x – z)
(C) cos x (D) – cos x
3. Three circles A, B and C have a common centre O. 10. If a, b and c are three real numbers, then which of
A is the inner circle, B middle circle and C is outer circle. The the following is NOT true?
radius of the outer circle C, OP cuts the inner circle at X and (A) a + b ≤ a + b
middle circle at Y such that OX = XY = YP. The ratio of the
(B) a – b ≤ a + b
area of the region between the inner and middle circles to
the area of the region between the middle and outer circle (C) a – b ≤ a – b
is:
1 2 (D) a – c ≤ a – b + b − c
(A) (B)
3 5 11. If R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (1, 2), (2, 1), (3, 3)} and
3 1 S = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 2), (3, 3)} are two relations in the
(C) (D) set X = {1, 2, 3}, the incorrect statement is:
5 5
(A) R and S are both equivalence relations
4. The sides of a rhombus ABCD measure 2 cm each (B) R ∩ S is an equivalence relations
and the difference between two angles is 90° then the area
(C) R −1 ∩ S −1 is an equivalence relations
of the rhombus is:
(A) 2 sq cm (B) 2 2 sq cm (D) R ∪ S is an equivalence relations
(C) 3 2 sq cm (D) 4 2 sq cm 12. If x > 8 and y > – 4, then which one of the following
is always true?
5. If Sn denotes the sum of the first n terms in an (A) xy < 0
Arithmetic Progression and S1 : S4 = 1 : 10 then the ratio of (B) x2 < – y
first term to fourth term is: (C) – x < 2y
(A) 1 : 3 (B) 2 : 3 (D) x > y
(C) 1 : 4 (D) 1 : 5 13. For n = 1, 2, .... let Tn = 13 + 23 + ... + n3, which one
6. The curve y = 4x2 and y2 = 2x meet at the origin O of the following statements is correct?

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(A) There is no value of n for which Tn is a positive x+a x+b


19. If the roots of the equation + =1
power of 2. x+a+c x+ b+c
(B) There is exactly one value of n for which Tn is a
positive power of 2. are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, then:
(C) There are exactly two values of n for which Tn is (A) c ≥ a (B) a ≥ c
a positive power of 2. (C) a + b = 0 (D) a = b
(D) There are more than two values of n for which Tn 20. Steel Express runs between Tatanagar and Howrah
is a positive power of 2. and has five stoppages in between. Find the number of
14. An equilateral triangle is formed by joining the different kinds of one-way second class ticket that Indian
middle points of the sides of a given equilateral triangle. A Railways will have to print to service all types of passengers
third equilateral triangle is formed inside the second who might travel by Steel Express?
equilateral triangle in the same way. If the process continues (A) 49 (B) 42
indefinitely, then the sum of areas of all such triangles when (C) 21 (D) 7
the side of the first triangle is 16 cm is: 21. The horizontal distance of a kite from the boy flying
(A) 256 3 sq cm it is 30 m and 50 m of cord is out from the roll. If the wind
moves the kite horizontally at the rate of 5 km per hour
256 directly away from the boy, how fast is the cord being
(B) 3 sq cm
3 released?
64 (A) 3 km per hour
(C) 3 sq cm (B) 4 km per hour
3 (C) 5 km per hour
(D) 64 3 sq cm (D) 6 km per hour
22. Suppose S and T are sets of vectors, where
15. The length of the sides of a triangle are x + 1,
S = {(1,0,0), (0, 0, –5), (0, 3, 4)} and T = {(5, 2, 3), (5, –3, 4)}
9 – x and 5x – 3. The number of values of x for which the
then:
triangle is isosceles is:
(A) S and T both sets are linearly independent vectors
(A) 0 (B) 1
(B) S is a set of linearly independent vector, but T is not
(C) 2 (D) 3 (C) T is a set of linearly independent vectors, but S is
x2 – 2x + a2 + b2 not
16. The expression 2 lies between:
x + 2x + a2 + b2 (D) Neither S nor T is a set of linearly indepedent
vectors
a2 + b2 + 1 a2 + b2 − 1 23. Suppose the function ‘f’ satisfies the equation
A
(A) and f (x + y) = f(x) f(y) x and y. f(x) = 1 + xg(x) where
a2 + b2 – 1 a2 + b2 + 1 lim g(x) = T, where T is a positive integer. If fn (x) = kf(x)
x→ 0
(B) a and b then k is equal to:
a2 + b2 + 1 (A) T (B) Tn
(C) and 1 (C) log T (D) (log T)n
a2 + b2 – 1 24. Set of real numbers ‘x, y’, satisfying, inequations
x – 3y ≥ 0, x + y ≥ –2 and 3x – y ≤ – 2 is:
a2 + b2 − 1 (A) Empty (B) Finite
(D)
a2 + b2 + 1 (C) Infinite (D) Cannot be determined
25. ABCD is a trapezium, such that AB, DC are parallel
17. What is the sum of first 100 terms which are and BC is perpendicular to them. If ∠DAB = 45° , BC = 2 cm
common to both the progressions
and CD = 3 cm then AB = ?
17, 21, 25, ... and 16, 21, 26, .... :
(A) 5 cm (B) 4 cm
(A) 100000 (B) 101100
(C) 3 cm (D) 2 cm
(C) 111000 (D) 100110
26. If F is a differentiable function such that F(3) = 6
18. Two people agree to meet on January 9, 2005
and F(9) = 2, then there must exist at least one number ‘a’
between 6.00 P.M. to 7.00 P.M., with the understanding that
between 3 and 9, such that:
each will wait no longer than 20 minutes for the other. What
3 3
is the probability that they will meet? (A) F’(a) = (B) F(a) = –
5 7 2 2
(A) (B)
9 9 3 2
(C) F’(a) = – (D) F’(a) = –
2 4 2 3
(C) (D)
9 9 27. A conical tent of given capacity has to be

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constructed. The ratio of the height to the radius of the base Z respectively, then:
for the minimum amount of canvas required for the tent is: (A) N(H) is the smallest of all
(A) 1 : 2 (B) 2 : 1 (C) 1 : 2 (D) 2 : 1 (B) N(E) is the smallest of all
28. If n is a positive integer, let S(n) denote the sum of (C) N(C) is the greatest of all
the positive divisors of n, including n and G(n) is the greatest (D) Either N(H) or N(E) is the smallest
G (n ) 34. Which of the following could be TRUE, but not
divisor of n. If H(n) = then which of the following is necessarily TRUE?
S (n )
(A) N(A) is the greatest of all.
the largest? (B) N(G) is greater than N(D).
(A) H(2009) (B) H(2010) (C) N(H) is the least of all.
(C) H(2011) (D) H(2012) (D) N(F) is less than or equal to N(H).
29. If the ratio of the roots of the equation 35. If x + y + z = 1 and x, y, z are positive real numbers,
x2 – 2ax + b = 0 1 1 1
is equal to that of the roots then the least value of ( – 1) ( – 1) ( – 1) is:
x y z
x2 – 2cx + d = 0, then:
(A) a2b = c2d (B) a2c = b2d (A) 4 (B) 8
2 2
(C) a d = c b (D) d2b = c2a (C) 16 (D) None of the above
30. X and Y are two variable quantities. The 36. ABCD is a square whose side is 2 cm each; taking
corresponding values of X and Y are given below: AB and AD as axes, the equation of the circle circumscribing
X : 3 6 9 12 24 the square is:
Y : 24 12 8 6 3 (A) x2 + y2 = (x + y)
Then the relationship between X and Y is given by: (B) x2 + y2 = 2(x + y)
(A) X + Y ∝ X – Y (C) x2 + y2 = 4
(D) x2 + y2 = 16
1
(B) X + Y ∝ X – Y 37. Two players A and B play the following game. A
selects an integer from 1 to 10, inclusive of both. B then adds
(C) X ∝ Y any positive integer from 1 to 10, both inclusive, to the
number selected by A. The player who reaches 46 first wins
1
(D) x ∝ the game. If the game is played properly, A may win the
Y game if:
Read the following and answer questions 31 to 34 (A) A selects 8 to begin with
based on the same. (B) A selects 2 to begin with
Eight sets A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H are such that (C) A selects any number greater than 5
A is a superset of B, but subset of C. (D) None of the above
B is a subset of D, but superset of E. Read the following and answer questions 38 and 39
F is a subset of A, but superset of B. based on the same:
G is a superset of D, but subset of F. The demand for a product (Q) is related to the price (P)
H is a subset of B. of the product as follows:
N(A), N(B), N(C), N(D), N(E), N(F), N(G) and N(H) are Q = 100 – 2P
the number of elements in the sets A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H The cost (C) of manufacturing the product is related to
respectively. the quantity produced in the following manner:
31. Which one of the following could be FALSE, but C = Q2 – 16Q + 2000
not necessarily FALSE? As of now the corporate profit tax rate is zero. But the
(A) E is a subset of D Government of India is thinking of imposing 25% tax on the
(B) E is a subset of C profit of the company.
(C) E is a subset of A 38. As of now, what is the profit-maximizing output?
(D) E is a subset of H (A) 22 (B) 21.5
32. If P is a new set and P is a superset of A and N(P) (C) 20 (D) 19
is the number of elements in P, then which of the following 39. If the government imposes the 25% corporate profit
must be true? tax, then what will be the profit maximizing output?
(A) N(G) is smaller than only four numbers (A) 16.5 (B) 16.125
(B) N(C) is the greatest (C) 15 (D) None of the above
(C) N(B) is the smallest a a a
(D) N(P) is the greatest 40. If X = + 2 + ... + , then what is
(1 + r) (1 + r ) (1 + r )n
33. If Q and Z are two new sets superset of H and
N(Q) and N(Z) is the number of elements of the sets Q and the value of a + a (1 + r) + ... + a(1 + r)n–1?

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(A) X [(1 + r) + (1 + r)2 + ... + (1 + r)n] how many ways the other four numbers can be arranged?
(B) – X (1 + r)n (A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4
(1 + r)n – 1 Questions 48 to 50 are followed by two statements
(C) X
r labelled as (1) and (2). You have to decide if these statements
(D) X (1 + r)n–1 are sufficient to conclusively answer the question. Give
41. The first negative term in the expansion (1 + 2x)7 answer:
(A) If statement (1) alone or statement (2) alone is
is the: sufficient to answer the question
(A) 4th term (B) 5th term (B) If you can get the answer from (1) and (2) together
(C) 6th term (D) 7th term but neither alone is sufficient
42. The sum of the numbers from 1 to 100, which are (C) If statement 1 alone is sufficient and statement (2)
not divisible by 3 and 5. alone is also sufficient
(A) 2946 (B) 2732 (D) If neither statement (1) nor statement (2) is sufficient
(C) 2632 (D) 2317 to answer the question
Read the following and answer questions 43 to 47 48. Around a circular table six persons A, B, C, D, E
based on the same. and F are sitting. Who is on the immediate left to A?
Five numbers A, B, C, D and E are to be arranged in an Statement 1: B is opposite to C and D is opposite to E
array in such a manner that they have a common prime Statement 2: F is on the immediate left to B and D is to the
factor between two consecutive numbers. These integers are left of B
such that: 49. A, B, C, D, E are five positive numbers.
A has a prime factor P A + B < C + D, B + C < D + E, C + D < E + A.
B has two prime factors Q and R Is ‘A’ the greatest?
C has two prime factors Q and S Statement 1: D + E < A + B
D has two prime factors P and S Statement 2: E < C
E has two prime factors P and R 50. A sequence of numbers a1, a2 ..... is given by the
43. Which of the following is an acceptable order, from rule an2 = an+1. Does 3 appear in the sequence?
left to right, in which the numbers can be arranged? Statement 1: a1 = 2
(A) D, E, B, C, A Statement 2: a3 = 16
(B) B, A, E, D, C
(C) B, C, D, E, A ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS
(D) B, C, E, D, A 1. (D) The actual calculations for such a problem are
44. If the number E is arranged in the middle with too lengthy
two numbers on either side of it, all of the following must
x2 202
be true, EXCEPT: By the direct approach, % Loss = = =4
(A) A and D are arranged consecutively 100 100
(B) B and C are arranged consecutively Actual loss = Rs 60,000 × 4%
(C) B and E are arranged consecutively = Rs 2400 and (2400 > 2000)
(D) A is arranged at one end in the array 2. (A) Again, for this problem, direct approach (allegation
45. If number E is not in the list and the other four diagram) can be used Pass Fail
numbers are arranged properly, which of the following must x y
Let, x > y
be true? z>y z

(A) A and D can not be the consecutive numbers.


Ratio = z-y : x-z
(B) A and B are to be placed at the two ends in the Total = z – y + x – z = x – y
array. failed x–z z–x
(C) A and C are to be placed at the two ends in the ∴ % failed = × 100 = or
total x –y y –x
array.
(D) C and D can not be the consecutive numbers. 3. (C) Area of circle = π r 2
46. If number B is not in the list and other four numbers
∴ Required ratio
are arranged properly, which of the following must be
true? π (2x)2 – π (x2 )
=
(A) A is arranged at one end in the array. π (3x)2 – π (2x)2 x x x

(B) C is arranged at one end in the array.


(C) D is arranged at one end in the array. π x2 (4 – 1) 3
= 2 =
(D) E is arranged at one end in the array. π x (9 – 4) 5
47. If B must be arranged at one end in the array, in

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4. (B) From the adjoining diagram, A – sin x, – cos x, sin x and cos x
x + y = 90° 2x After this, there is repetition of values.
x – y = 45° 50 2
For 50th derivative, = 12
x = 67.5° and y = 22.5°
2 2 4 4
A B 2y C
Remainder = 2
22.5° Consider ∆ ABC d2y
b=2
c a b c i.e. 50th derivative = same as = – cos x
dy2
2 2
= =
B
67.5°
C sin A sin B sin C
a
10. (C)
11. (A) An equivalence relation is reflexive, symmetric and
Thus, area of rhombus = 2 2 cm2
transitive.
n 12. (C) Here x = 9, 10, 11 .... ∞
5. (C) Use Sn = [2a + (n –1)d] and Tn = a + (n – 1) d
2 y = – 3, – 2, – 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, .... ∞
S1 1 a n(n + 1)
= = 13. (A) = odd x even no. ≠ 2x
S 4 10 4 2
[2a + 3d]
2 3 16 2 16 2
14. (B) Required area = [162 + ( ) + ( ) + ... ∞ ]
6a = 6d or a = d 4 2 4
T1 a a 1
∴ = = = a
T4 a + 3d 4a 4 and sum of GP = (when n = ∞ )
1– r
6. (D) The curves y = 4x2 and y2 = 2x meet at x = 0 and
3 16 2 256 3
1 ∴ Area = [ ]=
x= P
4 1– 1 3
2 2

4x
4
(Solve simultaneously) y= A1
1 15. (D) Equate any 2 values and solve.
A2
At x = , y = 1 y2 = 2x x2 – 2x + (a2 + b2 )
2 16. (C) Let, 2 =m
x + 2x + (a2 + b2 )
Equation of OP = y = 2x – 2 O
A This becomes a quadratic equation when
Ratio of areas = 1
A2 discriminant, D ≥ 0
n
area between y = 2x – 2 and y = 4x 2 17. (B) Sn = [2a + (n – 1)d]
= 2
area between y = 2 x – z and y = 2x
Common terms are 21, 41, 61, etc., d = 20
Now, for A1 100 [2 × 21 + (100 – 1)20]
1 ∴ Sn =
Put 2x – 2 = 4x2 ∴ x = ,x=1 2
2
= 101100
and for A2 18. (D) They can meet when A comes between 6 : 00 = 6 : 40.
1 and so B can join him between 6 : 20 = 7 : 00
Put 2x – 2 = 2x ∴ x = ,x=2
2 Similarly, the process can be reversed
40 min utes 2 4
1 1 ∴ Required p = ( ) =
z (2x – 2) dx – 1z (4x2)dx
1 17
60 min utes 9

∴ Ratio = 22 2 = 12 = 1 : 1 19. (C) a = – b, or a + b = 0


2 17 Use discriminant, D = b2 –4ac
1
z
( 2x – 2) dx – ( 2 x )dx
1 12z 20. (B) We have 5 stations + (T + H) = 7 stations
2 2 Out of the 7 stations, we have to print tickets
connecting any 2; i.e. arrangements of 7 things, any
7. (B) * Try with whole cubes as they are fewer in number 2 at a time, i.e. No. of tickets = 7P2 = 42
43 = 64 and 82 = 64 y 5
8. (D) By direct substitution. 21. (D) =
x 3
dy d2y d3y d4y dy
9. (D) , 2, and are respectively: > 1, i.e. > 5, i.e. 6
dx dx dx3 dx4 dx

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22. (D) πr 2 h 2 h
i.e. 9 ( ) = 2 π 2 r6 i.e. h2 = 2r2 i.e. = 2
23. (C) 3 r
24. (D) x – 3y ≥ 0 x + y ≥ – 2 3x – y ≤ – 2
* Such answers must be tabulated and learnt for ready
4x ≥ – 4 (from equations 2 and 3) reference.
x≥ –2 n
28. (C) Gn = n, Hn =
x≤2 Sn
25. (A) Draw DX. As can be seen easily,
AX = DX (Isosceles ∆ ). A 45° 2 X 3 B 29. (C) x = a ± a 2 – b = a + a 2 – b and a − a 2 – b
∴ AX = 2
45°
2 2
and y = c ± c 2 – d = c + c 2 – d and c − c 2 – d
AB = 2 + 3 = 5 cm 3
D C

a + a2 − b c + c2 − d
26. (D) From Lagrange’s mean value theorem, =
there is c in (a, b), such that: a – a2 – b c – c2 – d
f(b)– f(a)
= f’(c) By reversing componendo and dividendo,
b–a
a c
Here, f(a) = f(3) = 6 given =
f(b) = f(9) = 2 ] 2
a −b 2
c −d
2− 6 2
f’(c) or f’(a) = =– a2 c2
9− 3 3 Squaring, 2 = 2 , i.e. a2d = bc2
a –b c –d
1 2
27. (D) v = π r h for a cone 30. (D)
3
31. (D) Given B < A ≤ C , E < B ≤ D < G ≤ F
3v
or h =
π r2
....... equation 1 B
B < F≤ A
Amount of canvas = curved area = S
1 B
= π r l = π r (r 2 + h 2 ) 2 H<B
From this information,
2 9v 2
S2 = π 2 r 2 (r2 + h2) = π 2 r 2 (r + ) H<B<F≤A≤C ..... (1)
π2 r4
(< Q, Z) (A< P)
Let S2 = z and E < B ≤ D < G ≤ F ..... (2)
2
dz 3 18 v
= π 2 ( 4r – 2 3 ) A is false from (2), B from (1), C from (1 and 2)
dr π r D “may be” true
2 32. (D) From 1 and 2
d2z 2 54 v
and = π 2 (12r + 2 4 ) 33. (D) From 1 and 2
dr 2 π r 34. (C) B is true, A and D are false, C “may be” true
dz 35. (D) In any case, since x, y, z >1,
Put =0 1 1 1
dr , , < 1 (i.e. negative)
x y z
18 v 2
4r3 – =0 (–) × (–) × (–) = – (negative quantity)
π2 r3
36. (B) The ends of diameter AC are:
9v 2
2r6 = A(0, 0) and C(2, 2) D(0,2) C(2,2)
π2
Equation of the circle with
ends of diameter as (x1, y1)
9v2 = 2 π 2 r6 and (x2, y2) is:
A(0,0) B(2,0)

d2z 12π 2 r6 (x – x1) (x – x2) + (y – y1) (y – y2) = 0


∴ = π 2 (12r2 + ) = π 2 (24r2)
dr 2 π 2 r4 = positive quantity (x – 0) (x – 2) + (y – 0) (y – 2) = 0
x2 – 2x + y2 – 2y = 0
z (i.e. S2) has minimum value if 9v = 2 π 2r 6 x2 + y2 = 2(x + y)

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37. (D) Since repetition of numbers is allowed, both are No. 2 A E B C D


equally free to win the game
38. (C) C = Q2 – 16Q + 200. P R Q S
Put Q = 100 –2P P
R Q S P
C = 4P2 – 368P + 8600
and Profit = Price – Cost No. 3 A E D C B
= (100–2P) – (4P2 + 368P + 8600)
Differentiating, – 8P = 366 R P S Q
P
366 P S Q R
P= and Q = 100 – 2P, etc.
8 44. (D) See option (1) [a ✓ b ✓ c ✓ d ×]
39. (C) 45. (B) A—D—C—B
a 1 1
40. (B) X = [1 + + .... ] P S Q
1+ r 1+ r (1 + r )n −1 P
S Q R
a (1 + r )n – 1
= [ ] 46. (C) —E—A—D—C —
r (1 + r )n
a R P S
and Sn = a + a(1 + r) + ... = [1 – (1 + r)n], using GP P
P
S Q
r
Sn OR A—E— D—C
∴ = –(1 + r)n
X
R P Q
Sn = – X (1 + r)n P
7 P S S
41. (C) Let x = (1 + 2x)7 = (1 + 2 x) 2 47. (B) B— C— D—E— A
Using Binomial expansion, we have:
7 7 7 Q S P R
2
x = 1+ . 2x + ( – 1) (2x) +....... P
2 2 2 R Q S P
7 7 OR B— E— A—D—C
till ( – 4) (2x)5
2 2
Q R P S
7 P
Negative term will come when we have < n, R P S Q
2
i.e. n = 4. This happens with the 6th term D

42. (D) Sum of all numbers,


F C
100 48. (B)
S= [1+100] = 5050 .... using AP
2
Similarly, sum of multiples of 3,
B A
33
S3 = [3 + 99] = 1683 Required sum
2 E
Similarly, sum of multiples of 5, = 5050–1683–1050 49. (B) A + B < C + D
20
S5 = [5 + 100] = 1050 = 2317 B+C<D+E
2 C+D<E+A
43. (C) We have 3 options: D+E<A+B
No. 1 A D E B C E<C
Adding, A + 2B < 2A + B i.e. B < A
S P R Q 50. (C) Put n = 1 in an2 = an+1
P a12 = a2, a22 = a3, a32 = a4, etc
P R Q S
From statement 1: a12 = a2
OR D A E B C i.e. 22 = a2 or a2 = 4
Now, a22 = a3
S P R Q i.e. 42 = a3 or a3 = 16, etc
P
P R Q S Thus, a1 = 2, a2 = 4, a3 = 16, etc

626 ◆ FEBRUARY 2006 ◆ THE COMPETITION MASTER

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