21 Short Stories by 18-Year-Olds And the Teacher They Inspired: High School Alumni Reflect on the Fiction They

Wrote As Seniors Jim Zervanos

2 For Years I had been thinking that the stories my seniors wrote deserved a larger audience, an audience of not only readers who wanted to read good fiction but writers who wanted to write good fiction. In my sabbatical project I set out to compile a collection of excellent student stories that would be the foundation for a book with a larger, instructional purpose. First, I read through piles of class collections from my last nine years of teaching; I selected the best stories and began tracking down one writer after another. Once I eventually made contact with all of them, they agreed, enthusiastically, not only to contribute their old short story from high school, but also to compose a reflection on their story. Next, I read several excellent story collectionsamong them The Best American Short Stories 2004 and The Story Behind the Story: 26 Stories by Contemporary Writers and How They Workin which authors reflect on their own fiction writing; then, considering these books, I developed a series of questions that would stimulate interesting reflections from my writers. One by one their reflections came in, and one by one I was mesmerized. The reflections are stunning not only for their general quality but for their variety, honesty, depth of feeling, and humor. Without question, the most gratifying aspect of working on this project was my ongoing correspondence with these twenty-one committed writers, most of whom are in college or graduate school, some of whom have begun careers, and at least one of whom has gotten married and has been living outside of the country. In each and every case, these writers recalled their stories passionately, and offered their own distinctive take on their personal writing process. I read multiple drafts of their reflections and offered editorial advice, pushing them to write the best, most interesting, most articulate reflection that they couldand revise they did. As the title indicates, these studentsalong with their stories and, ultimately, their reflectionsinspired me; they inspired me to be a better teacher when they were students, and they once again inspired me when they wrote their reflections with such insight and care. As their reflections were submitted to me over the course of several months, I proceeded to write my reflections on their storiesand on their reflections as well. I examined each story from some distinctive critical and pedagogical angle, highlighting, for example, the skillful use of the omniscient point of view in one story, while admiring the brave use of a writers personal life (as he confides in his reflection) in another story; subsequently, I developed a unique writing exercise to correspond with each story and to correspond, specifically, with the distinctive quality or technique I highlighted in my reflection of the story. All together, the result is a panorama of neatly arranged voices, each offering up useful advice and insights, not to mention inspirationfor both students and teachers of writing. Ultimately, I conclude the book with a short story of my own, a story about writing storiesfollowed by my reflection, which traces the storys inspiration back to my experience as a teacher at Penncrest High School.

21 Short Stories by 18-Year-Olds And the Teacher They Inspired High School Alumni Reflect on the Fiction They Wrote as Seniors

Edited by Jim Zervanos

Sabbatical Project Rose Tree Media School District 2005-2006

CONTENTS Foreword & Introduction by Jim Zervanos 4 & 8

Stories & Writers Reflections 1. DEREK SCHMIDT, 1998 Rossis Bar 18 & 28 2. RUTH HARIU, 1999 Christmas Cards 32 & 42 3. EMERSON BRENEMAN, 2000 The Reign of the Last Caesar 46 & 61 4. JOSHUA JORDAN, 2000 Have-Nots Like Us 67 & 74 5. LAURIE RINES, 2000 Primal Scream Therapy 79 & 93 6. LEE GOLDSMITH, 2001 In True Silence 98 & 111 7. JEN MALKOUN, 2001 All That You Cant Leave Behind 115 & 120 8. MIKE MASTROIANNI, 2001 Freehold 125 & 133 9. NOAH PAINTER-DAVIS, 2002 Pet Store Therapy 137 & 143 10. JON PITTS, 2002 Leaving Places 147& 152 11. SCOTT PRITCHARD, 2002 Stasis 155 & 167 12. PABLO SIERRA, 2002 Las Golondrinas 172 & 181 13. ANDREW CHOE, 2003 Smoke and Mist 185 & 199 14. ELENIE SOLOMOS, 2003 Trajectory, Velocity 203 & 216 15. JULIE WASSON, 2003 Megan and Michael 220 & 226 16. RACHAEL ELLIOTT, 2004 Cynical Girl 230 & 241 17. PAUL SCHERER, 2004 Breath 245 & 254 18. PAT SHUBERT, 2004 Share the Darkness 258 & 266 19. MORGAN TUOHY, 2004 Anticipating 270 & 278 20. MATT GILBRIDE, 2005 Moving Out 281 & 289 21. ANGELA ROSENBERG, 2005 Deal With It 296 & 304 O Captain! by Jim Zervanos and Reflection 308 & 316

Teachers Reflections and Exercises 1. The Perfect Ending in Derek Schmidts Rossis Bar 30

5 2. Showing, Not Telling, in Ruth Harius Christmas Cards 44 3. Pop Culture and the News as Inspiration in Emerson Brenemans The Reign of the Last Caesar 65 4. The Sympathetic Rant in Joshua Jordans Have-Nots Like Us 77 5. Narration as Story in Laurie Riness Primal Scream Therapy 96 6. Going to the Limit and Beyond in Lee Goldsmiths In True Silence 113 7. Plot Triggers in Jen Malkouns All That You Cant Leave Behind 123 8. The Road StoryMike Mastroiannis Freehold 135 9. The Setting As Battleground in Noah Painter-Daviss Pet Store Therapy 145 10. The Story Arcand Scene Arcsin Jonathan Pittss Leaving Places 153 11. Verisimilitude in Scott Pritchards Stasis 170 12. The Magical Structure in Pablo Sierras Las Golondrinas 183 13. Motifs, Mood, and Pacing in Andrew Choes Smoke and Mist 201 14. Omniscient Point of View in Eleni Solomoss Trajectory, Velocity 218 15. The Simple Style of Julie Wassons Megan and Michael 228 16. Romantic Comedy in Rachael Elliotts Cynical Girl 243 17. Starting In Medias ResIn the Middlein Paul Scherers Breath 256 18. The Unlikely Narrator in Patrick Shuberts Share the Darkness 268 19. The Taboo Topic in Morgan Tuohys Anticipating 279 20. Fiction Inspired by Real Life in Matt Gilbrides Moving Out 293 21. Seeking Closure in Angela Rosenbergs Deal With It 306

Foreword

In the spring of 2005 I was invited to speak at a Pennsylvania State Press Association conference in Harrisburg, to talk about the teaching and writing process that resulted in the short stories published annually in Penncrest High Schools literary magazine; I had been the magazines faculty supervisor for nine years, and almost all of the fiction that appeared in the Gryphon had been born out of an assignment in the Modern Literature course I taught. My immediateif not ruderesponse to the conference organizer, Mr. Hankes, was No. I was eager to get off the phone. No way was I going to stand in front of God-knew-how-many teachers and students and for an hour presume to be an expert on how to write a good storyor even pretend to believe that such an expert existed. Only a fool would attempt to boil the whole mystery down to a one-hour lesson. Even if I took a less dogmatic approach and just reported what went on in my classroom, I still couldnt sum up in one houror tenall that transpired in a semester of my Modern Literature classall the readings, the discussions, the knowledge and understanding that, at least in this teachers eyes, seemed to snowball into an unquantifiable massall of which led to the students writing of their own short stories. Determined, Mr. Hankes asked me, rhetorically, if I realized that no other high school literary magazine in the state published such great fiction. Flattery wasnt going to work, I promised myself; I considered that as a conference organizer he would say what was necessary to fill the empty one-hour slot in the days schedule. He went on to say that some of the magazines didnt publish any fiction at all and the ones that did, published only very short storiesa page or two long. He confessed that every year he greedily plucked the Gryphon from the pile of contest submissions before any other judge could get his hands on it; he had a collection of Gryphons in his classroom, he said, and, when encouraging students to write fiction, he often directed them to the Gryphon stories as modelsI especially love the orange issue, he saidthe 2002 issue, I thoughtand that oneoh, manPet-Store Therapy, about the kid with obsessive-compulsive disorderNoahs story. Thats one of my favorites, too, I said. Then his tone changed as if what he was about to say was off the record. He admitted that it was hard even for hima high-school English teacher himselfto believe that the stories were written by eighteen year olds; theyre so adult, he said, in one breath asking how do you get them

7 to write such powerful stuff? and in the next daring to ask, in so many words, if Id ever run into trouble, you know, as their teacher. As if I were an encourager of criminals! The mastermind behind these beautiful crimes! No trouble, I said, and offered some philosophical inanity about how you cant write out of fear any better than you can teach out of fear. So will you do it? He knew hed hooked me, but I kept my mouth shut. Im telling you, he went on, No one in the state is doing anything even close. I had no idea. He taught in a school district west of Harrisburg. I sat there at my desk, in a school district in the suburbs of Philadelphia, beaming, secretly imagining Gryphonstheir stories littered about classrooms all over the state; and yet I felt unsettled: I wanted my students all of them, past and presentto be hearing thisthis praise that was theirs. I reiterated to Mr. Hankes that it would be impossible for me to stand there and, in a single hour, teach anyone how to write a short story, let alone teach other teachers how to teach anyone how to write a short story. I yammered on about how proud I was of my students and how, if you really wanted to know how they wrote such great stories, youd have to ask them. Patiently he listened and then suggested I bring a couple of my students along with me, to have them read their stories and discuss their writing processI could chime in if I wanted to, he said. I liked this idea. Suddenly I was grateful that this skilled conference organizer had hung on the line after my ungrateful resistance. I already knew which students I was going to askone of them was Angela Rosenberg, whose story, Deal With It, Id just recently fallen in love with. I spoke for about twenty minutes that day in Harrisburgsaid a few words about my teaching philosophy, offered up a few basic story-writing strategiesand then introduced the two student writers, who read their stories to an awestruck audience and then gracefully fielded questionsfrom students and teachers alikespeaking with confidence and a sense of authority that blew away even their teacher, who was already gushing with admiration: they were not my students, standing there at the lectern; they were writers, whose company I was proud to share. As it turned out, the conference experience was inspiration for this book. And yet nothing about this collection has anything to do with the Gryphon or literary magazines; it certainly has nothing to do with writing with the prospect of publication in mindno more

8 than the writing of these stories had anything to do with publishing in the first place. While many of these stories did appear in the Gryphonand, in fact, won awards that recognized them as among the finest works of creative writing in the statemany of the stories, simply because their writers, by chance, were assigned to me in the spring semester, and not the fall, of their senior years, had been written too late to be submitted for publication. As much as I stress to my students that they must write fearlessly, not for me or their friends or their parents, but for themselves and perhaps for some imagined ideal audience, who might never read their stories, I am always thrilled by the prospect that others especially their peersmight read their work, whether through their high school literary magazine, through the bound collections I assemble in the classroom, or through the stapled copies they pass on to their friends. Assembling this collection has afforded me the opportunity to follow through on the impulse Ive experienced countless times after reading my students stories: to share them, to give them an audience outside my classroom, and to point out, still amazed after ten years of teaching, This was written by an eighteen year old. I am once again, in the context of these pages, sharing space with people who were once my students but who are, at least herein, writers whose company I am proud to share. Originally, I had planned to cull from old classroom collections the best eighteen stories from my first ten years of teachingfor no other reason than to justify the title 18 Short Stories by 18-Year-Olds. After berating myself for not having bound and saved the short stories written by my earliest Modern Literature studentswho, of course, being my beloved first, seem to me now the best and brightest Ive taughtI read through the pile, which rose up to my waist, and narrowed the best down to twenty-three. It seemed foolish, then, to eliminate one, let alone five, stories for the sake of a title; two of the writers bowed out of the project, leaving me with twenty-one stories. The format of the book resembles that of the hour-long presentation my two students and I made at the conference in Harrisburg: the stories are followed by the writers own commentarytheir reflectionswhich were written for this collection (for most of these contributors that meant several years since reading, let alone writing, their stories); first, in the Introduction, I try to boil down my teaching philosophy as well as some basic story concepts, all in an effort to stimulate creative thinking in the minds of

9 both high-school students and their English teachers. None of these stories was written in a Creative Writing class, but in a Modern Literature class, whose focus was reading and writing critically, not creatively. It has always been my hope that the short storythe culminating assignmentwould not be a tangent for the student of literature but a natural, if not exhilarating, opportunity to demonstrate knowledge and understanding impossible to quantify in a single analytical paper. If nothing else, I hope this book might serve as inspiration for English teachers who might feel ill-equipped to teach creative writing and who, having read these stories as well as the writers reflections, might free themselvesand their studentsto incorporate fiction writing into their literature classes, to think of storytelling not only as a form of personal expression but as an alternative means of demonstrating an understanding and appreciation of learned materialparticularly of a given body of studied literature. In this collection Ive added my own brief reflection after each story, an attempt to highlight what qualities I think are worthy of not only admiration but emulation; again, with an audience of students and English teachers in mind, Ive also offered writing exercises that consider the preceding story as a model. Finally, Ive included a story of mine, O Captain! which was inspired by my students, too many of whom did not live long enough to tell another storyall of whomcollectivelyhave taught me unquantifiable things: it is just that, I thinkthe unquantifiable things weve learnedthat we try to capture in our stories.

Introduction

10 I. Students and Their English Teacher Teachers arent the only ones who might see fiction writing as a guilty pleasure, as an activity that shouldnt be indulged for too long before getting back to business as usual, reading Shakespeare or imitating his sonnets. The students themselves often think of fiction writing as a break long overdue, at least students like many of my seniors, who look forward to the fiction-writing assignment almost as much as they dread it, for fear theyve lost a certain storytelling talent they remember having in elementary school, before the word practical entered their vocabulary. But when it comes to learning, context is everything, and even the most practical of math lessons could end up pointless nonsenseor even pointless funwithout some purposeful framework. Im not proposing more pointless funcertainly not through fiction writingin the English classroom; rather, Im proposing more purposeful fiction writing, specifically in standard English Literature coursesnot just in Creative Writing classes, electives whose electors tend to fall into two groups: those who are determined to write purposefully, albeit creatively, and those who think creative is synonymous with purposeless, not to mention easy. Any author worth his salt will emphasize what hard work fiction writing isand it is hard work, no doubtbut it is also fun; in fact, if it werent so fun, maybe students would be encouraged to do more of it, because its good for them, whether they know it or not. One of the pleasant things about the typical English research or literary analysis paperfor both teachers and studentsis that the criteria for excellence can be taught, learned, and, at least theoretically, met, and not only by the highest-achieving students. One of the daunting things about creative writingfor both teachers and studentsis that the criteria for excellenceor at least the qualities that make up an excellent storyare impossible to quantify. After all, the very nature of fiction is that it is an invention born of the creators imagination, and soto the frustration of teachers and students alikenatural talent, that intangible yet identifiable thing, is often the only thing that distinguishes the work of one student from another. Still, certain aspects of storytelling craft can be taught. And so it follows that teachersto make matters of evaluation easier and fairmight develop objective criteria for a fiction writing assignment. Such a rubric might look like a checklist, which

11 presupposes that the student incorporate the exact components outlined for the assignment and thereby demonstrate that he knows, for example, how to employ a first-person, as opposed to a third-person, point-of-view narrator and how to punctuate dialogue properly. This approach certainly isnt a bad one, if only as a way to assess a students understanding of the basic features of a story. But we all know that a great story isnt just a coherent one with a pre-determined number of skillfully employed features incorporated into it. We have to believeall of us, not just teachersthat great stories are not achievements reserved for the gifted or talented. We also have to accept that no matter how talented the writer is and no matter how many wonderfully employed features he or she has managed to incorporate into it, the final draft of a story may seem, perhaps for some inexpressible reason, not all that great and, as such, it may be difficult to evaluate, let alone grade. But impersonal evaluation often yields impersonally written stories. Personal, passionate evaluation, however, encourages personal, passionate stories. In my experience as both teacher and writer, passionate discourse between mentor and student has a diminishing effect on the importance of grades. Thats not to say that passionate discourse isnt messy or that it doesnt require a lot of time and hard workdoes it ever!but therein lies the stuff of real learning and even inspirationfor the teacher and the writer. The book in your hands is a testament to that passionate discourse, while at the same time it represents only the tip of the iceberg. These twenty-one writers (along with the hundreds of others not represented here), as seniors in my Modern Literature course, read dozens of stories, poems, essays, and several novels; they discussed and wrote critically about what they read; it was only in the final stretch of the semester that they began to consider writing their own modern short storiesones that would, in a sense, fit right into the body of work theyd just spent months studying. By then they were equipped with more than just a hazy sense of what modern meant; whats more, they had developed a keen eye for not only thematic tendencies but varied narrative approaches and writing strategies. What I hope my students come to appreciate more than any other concept is this: that themes and meaningsthose intangibles in literature that typically inspire theories and interpretationsare inextricably linked with how the story is written; that content and form are utterly intertwined; that if you dont study the form, you cant

12 fully appreciate the content. Roger Ebert, the film critic, has said, A movie is not about what it is about. It is about how it is about it. This point, which applies to fiction as well, might provide relief or added pressureto the student who is convinced he hasnt got an original idea; after all, the student will argue, all the good stories have been told already. But Roger Ebert and I would remind the student, No one has told the story you have to tell in the way only you can tell it. How will you tell it? The options are infinite, and your choices are critical. Will you tell the story in the first-person point of view, or the close third-person point of view, or the omniscient? If first-person, will your narrator be a wise old woman, full of insight and regret, telling her story years after its significant events have occurred, or will your narrator be a young man, like the protagonist in Patrick Shuberts Share the Darkness, still rattled by the events of last week, telling his story in the midst of ongoing action, lying in the cold street, gazing at the stars, in the warm bed of his own blood? II. The Stories While my Modern Literature students have great freedom to tell the stories they wish to tell how they wish to tell them, they must adhere to some basic requirements that help link the assignmentand their storiesto the content and spirit of the course. As such, their stories demonstrateto their teacher, at leastsome of the things theyve learned. Like the literature theyve read for class, their stories must take place in the modern-day world; they must be realistic, not, for example, science-fiction or fantasy (though Ive made exceptions for students who conscientiously seek to incorporate modern qualities into their preferred genre). The story must delve into challenging emotional territory, while steering clear of a romantic or happy ending, which isnt to say the story must be sad or tragic; rather, the ending should capture the storys core truth, without being sentimental or gimmicky, without resorting to conventions of soap opera, Hollywood blockbuster, or the after-school special, with an obvious moral or lesson. Robert Frost likened writing free verseor poetry without rulesto playing tennis with the net down. Of course, no rules are absolute, but knowing some strategies and techniquesfor example, knowing the classic elements (some of which Ive

13 highlighted below)can serve a writer well (even if knowing sometimes means altering or even rejecting), as the varied stories in this collection demonstrate. The classic three-act structure is the traditional story form, as ancient as the earliest storytellers: in Act One a protagonist faces a conflict; in Act Two the protagonists struggle builds to a crisis; and, in Act Three, the protagonists decisive action at the climax creates irreversible change. An artist must know a tradition in order to break from it, know the rules in order to break themor at least to break them artfully. Pablo Sierra turns the three-act structure upside down and inside out, moving artfully through time and space, leaping from one narrative perspective to another, rejecting conventions of realistic, chronological storytellingbut never haphazardly; at the core of Las Golondrinas the classic elements hold the story together like an intricately designed collage. No matter what the authors narrative approachsimple or complex, traditional or avant-gardeevery one of these twenty-one stories features a protagonist, who deals with a conflict, which is the heart of the storywithout conflict there is no story. In Noah Painter-Daviss Pet Store Therapy the protagonist battles a complicated psychological disorder in a setting that serves as a battleground for his conflict, which manifests itself in both an external conflict and an internal conflict: as he tackles his obsession with cleanliness in the external, or physical, world of the filthy pet store, his internalthat is, his psychological and emotionalconflict, rooted in his ambivalent feelings toward his cat-adoring mother, festers. In Michael Mastroiannis Freehold the setting spans Americas terrain, from the Northeast to the Southwest, where the protagonists journey brings him face to face with his fathers mysterious past and his own unknowable future. The protagonist seeks resolutionthat is, he seeks to restore order in his lifebut the conflict is not necessarily resolved in the end, not in the way he seeks to resolve it, anyway. In Paul Scherers Breath the protagonists conscious desire is to discover whether he is truly the father of his adulterous (dead) wifes child; but his unconscious desire, it turns out, is to devote himself as father, regardless of the biological facts. In Jonathan Pittss Leaving Places the protagonist wants to be a musician, like his father, who long ago went seeking glory in the city of Los Angeles; but what he really wants, he comes to realize, is to be nothing like his father. The conscious desire is often the exact opposite of the unconscious desire, which manifests itself in the end; human beings often

14 want one thing but deep down needor just plain getanother. In Eleni Solomoss Trajectory, Velocity a wife wants the joyful news of her pregnancy to heal her wounded relationship with her parents; instead, she endures a suffering that unites her with her husband in a way she never expected. A protagonists failure to get what she initially wanted does not necessarily mean she failed. In Angela Rosenbergs Deal With It her young protagonist has broken up with her boyfriend in order to enjoy a carefree senior year; in the end, her conscience is tinged with regretfar from free, after all, she realizes the price one must pay for independence, and shes wiser for it. On the other hand, a protagonists success in getting what she wants doesnt necessarily mean a happy ending. The protagonist in Rachael Elliotts Cynical Girl wants more than anything not to be pregnant, in spite of her symptoms; though her wish comes true, she faces some unexpected griefand, in the end, this charming, witty, cynical girl musters up a newfound, humbled voice. Though Angelas and Rachaels protagonists seem to learn a lessonabout themselves and life a good story is not about right and wrong or winning and losing. Sometimes a story blurs the line between right and wrong in such a way that its very ambiguity is the storys central truth. Theres no telling who is right or who is wrong in Lee Goldsmiths In True Silence, in which a father tries unrelentingly to keep his brave, proud son from fighting in a war; we come to understand only that heartbreak is inevitable in a world where young men leave their families to fight for their beliefs. In Matt Gilbrides Moving Out a young man, determined to repair his relationship with the woman he loves, as well as with their son, turns to alcohol when she turns him away, selfdestructing even as he dreams of a better future. A good story is about being true, and the truth lies somewhere between right and wrong, between winning and losing. What is true is that people face adversity, and their lives change as a result, for better and for worse. In all of these stories the protagonists traverse an arc that starts at point A and ends at point B; typically, the overall arc is comprised of smaller arcs, often defined by scenes, each challenging and compelling the protagonist toward a crisis, when he or she must face the conflict once and for all. In the journey from point A to point B, the writer must determine whether to show or tell; the oft-quoted nineteenth-century novelist Henry James

15 advised, sensibly, Show. Dont tellthat is, show the story through action and dialogue, rather than tell the story through a summary of what happened. But to reject telling altogether would be to deny the fact that fiction writersand the narrators they createare storytellers, who use narrationsummarizing sometimes-huge chunks of time usually throughout a series of fleshed-out scenes, in which we see action and hear dialogue in an immediate physical setting. The first-person narrator in Jen Malkouns All That You Cant Leave Behind shifts seamlessly from action to memory, from present to past, where the heart of her devastating story lies. In Scott Pritchards Stasis, the balance between third-person narration and scene creates a lifelike rhythm, the vivid prose bringing to life not only the action but also the thoughts of the protagonist; we are drawn in by the storys sense of truth and authenticityits verisimilitude. The twenty-three storytellers in this collection push their protagonists to a climax that seems both surprising and inevitable, a moment when the protagonists decisive action results in irreversible change. In a startling narrative twist, Morgan Tuohys Anticipating leads us to a precipice, where the climax is suspended in the storys final wordas well as in the blank space that follows; the finale is devastating to the reader, as it is to the protagonist, who faces a confrontation neither wenor the narrator himself ever could have anticipated. In most of the stories in this collection, another significant moment follows the climax, perhaps not what youd call a resolution, but a denouement simply the outcomeoften a quiet moment in which the core truth of the story, as well as the heart of the character, present themselves in a kind of blooming and bleeding at the same timeas in the seemingly simple, yet resonating, final images of the first two stories: in Derek Schmidts Rossis Bar, a young guitarist, in the spotlight that was once his mentors, shows a busboy a few chords, then asks for a glass of water, filled to the top with ice; in Ruth Harius Christmas Cards a lonely divorce devours a bag of heartshaped candyexcept the green ones, which I threw out the next morning. III. The Reflections In the enthusiastic reflections that follow their stories, these twenty-one writers, who, in most cases, have returned to their stories years after writing them, reveal their varied approaches to their work, recalling their sources of inspiration. Seeing that another

16 writers inspiration can become our inspirationas both teachers and writersI, too, reflect on each story, focusing on a single aspect of the writing that is worthy of not only admiration but also emulation; I then offer a writing exercise, inspired by the story. While the Teachers Reflections and Exercises are geared toward instruction, the writers reflections, also, are as instructive as they are interesting and inspiring. Their writing strategies and creative approaches are as vast and varied as their personalities, which emerge in their reflections. Andrew Choe is still contemplating revisions for his story Smoke and Mist, particularly after studying short fiction with a college professor, whose insights Andrew now passes on to us. Josh Jordan confesses to writing Have-Nots Like Us in a burst of creative energy, for ten hours, all at once, with a high feverthis in spite of the teachers rigid itinerary that included deadlines for an outline, two, four, then six pages, before the final draftIt was the first honest, non-sarcastic thing I ever wrote. The premise of Julie Wassons Megan and Michael came to her in bed one night, when, in her words, I heard my dad walk down the hall. The floorboards squeaked and the door to the spare bedroom closed shut. Suddenly, a new idea popped into my head. Thats when she wrote the storys first sentence in the spiral notebook she kept in the top drawer of her nightstand: He snored. That is why they began sleeping in separate bedrooms. Emerson Breneman looked outwardless than inwardfor his inspiration: to grindcore and gangsta music; to his neighborhood, where thugs and small-time drug dealers were getting reputations; and, finally, he recalls, to a shocking story about dog-fighting rings in Philadelphia printed in The Philadelphia Inquirer. This article laid out the way in which these dogs, primarily Pit Bulls, were bred and sold secretly and trained with brutal tactics. I used some of these training techniquesthe weights and the beatings and proddingin the story, but others, like mixing gun powder in with the dogs food to make it hateful, I left out because they seemed to too cruel to be real. Emersons omission of a real-life detailbecause it counteracted the sense of truth in his fictionis no doubt an ironic one, but one that reveals a principle of fiction writing modeled by these writers: no matter what their inspirationwhich is often, as they confide in their reflections, their own personal livesthey appreciate and respect their stories as invention, as fiction, no matter how close to home, no matter how close to the bone.

17 Fiction frees the writer to make something new, something separate from himself, separate from the what happened and even from the what-never-was or what-will- neverbe. The fiction writer might be inspired by a newspaper article or a personal experience, but in the end he must consider his inspiration secondary to the story, just as the teacher, too, must suspend his interest in the writers real life. It is no easier for the student to open himself up in the classroom than it is for the teacher, especially, I believe, when the writers are teenagersin a public school, lets say, where teachers are expected to be more than proliferators of information and skill sets. It is not easy for a teacher to maintain a cool, dispassionate distance, to unfailingly, religiously treat students fiction as made up. In fact, one might say it is insensitive, irresponsible, and even dangerousto create an atmosphere in which students dont feel nervous, afraid, or self-conscious, but, instead, free to create and share their creations with their teacher. The very notion of cultivating a free atmosphere in a high-school classroom, not to mention trusting relationships with students, is a daunting prospect, so daunting that no doubt it scares teachers away, lest they fail to understand, respect, or honor their students work, lest they fail to detect the real lives in their students so-called fiction (or, worse, fail to report their troubled students to the proper authorities), lest they fail to grade their students work fairly, let alone fail to express their constructive criticism kindly. The narrative voice of the recovering heroin addict, along with the realistic details, in Laurie Riness Primal Scream Therapy are so convincing that any teacher would find himself dreading the possibility that the story is based on his students personal experienceand dreading even more so the sense of responsibility that comes with reading, let alone responding to, such a story. In her reflection Laurie charmingly confesses: Ill just say it: Ive never done heroin. Ive never even seen it in real life; this entire story was pure invention based only on Trainspotting and Smack by Melvin Burgess. If I were to improve this story, I would want to do a lot more research. But just when you might conclude with no small amount of reliefthat the story is not her own, you discover that Laurie had been inspired, in part, by a middle-school friend whod entered rehab for anorexia; you discover that as a seventeen year old she was, in her own words, an incredibly sad and angry girl who felt that she had the right to be neither sad nor angry. I was from a solid nuclear family, was well-provided for, and on my way to

18 a good college and bright future. So I was constantly guilty for my ingratitude. I think in writing this story about Marianna I was creating someone who had the right to feel as miserable as I did at the time. And I think it did me a lot of good because when I was finished and let other people read it, a tremendous weight was lifted. One day a shy student, who barely said a word in class, mustered the courage to stop in after school to discuss her short story with me, just days after I handed back my glowing response. She seemed sad, so I braced myself for her complaintnot about the grade, but, I feared, about my insensitive response, my ignorant dismissal of what was obviouslyto her anywayher life she was writing aboutafter all, who would imagine such a story? As it turned out, she didnt suggest any such insensitivity on my part; she was pleased with my response, actually. Instead, she said she just wanted me to know it was all true. I was sorry this was the case, I told herI had honestly hoped it wasnt and echoed what Id said in my response, that shed written a beautiful, if devastating, story. I also said, maybe stupidly, that I hoped writing the story had somehow helped her. When she shrugged off this consolation, it became clear to me, the point she was trying to make, for all my praise: her short story was a short story, and the experience that inspired it was her life; there was no point in trying to figure out how one related to the other. She just wanted me to know that the pain was real, hers. If she could, she would go back in time, erase the experience, and sacrifice the story. It was not the first time, nor will it be the last time, that I hope what I am reading is, for my students sake, not based on personal experience, but, rather, the product of a vivid imagination, keen observation of life, mastery of storytelling technique met with hard work, genuine originality, and revision, revision, revisionand then I must remind myself that, regardless of the source of inspiration, a great story is the result of all of these things.

19

Rossis Bar Derek Schmidt 1998 My daydream came to a halt when I realized that Charlie was staring at me, waiting for an answer. I couldnt help but feel guilty; even though the basement was cool, the summer heat had a numbing effect on my brain. What had he asked me? I had no idea. I was dreaming of a trip to Thailand that I was about to take. Charlie sighed and almost broke my heart when he told me that we should end the lesson early. No, hold on Just let me think Wait, what was the question Please? I begged. You havent paid attention to a goddamn word Ive said. I shouldnt even be here if youre not paying attention. What was the question?

20 I want the names of three substitutions for a G major seventh, flat five, sharp nine, and two inversions for each. He said the last part sharply, and I looked helplessly at my guitar for an answer. I knew this wasnt the question he had asked me originally, but a much harder one. Of course, I probably would have known the answer had I been paying attention. Its not that I was doing it out of disrespect; Charlie was almost like a paternal figure in my life. I was just being an asshole. Charlie had been born a while agohow long exactly I never found out. I just know that he had to be at least sixty, because he taught my grandfather years before I was born, and my grandfather was about fifty when he hired Charlie. Charlie had been an alcoholic for many years of his life; it was not uncommon for him to teach my grandfather half-drunk. This addiction cost him one wife and two kids, and now he always asked me for a drink of water filled with ice cubes when he came to teach. He had gray hair, a mustache, an incredibly deep voice, glasses, and always dressed with a tie, as he came from his day job at the courthouse. He also had eyes that were downright distractingthey were a freakishly pale grayit almost made him look blind. He always had an ID card that read: Charles HansenElectronic Recording. His job was to record the hearings in the different courtrooms. He was constantly complaining about the people he worked with. It had been a year now that I had been studying under Charlie, and I felt like I wasnt improving. So now it was more of a favor to him to let the lessons continueI knew that he needed the money. Working for the county was not a very high paying job, and Charlie was still a few years away from retirement. There was an awkward silence, and I felt helplessly pinned under his glare. I wanted so much not to disappoint, but I could do nothing. Look, think about this for next week. You arent focused Its starting to annoy me, he said. I didnt doubt this for a second. If Charlie was anything, he was easy to annoy. So I said all right, even though I knew I wouldnt be working on it until a half-hour before my next lesson.

21 Before I left for my trip, I promised Charlie I would see him play at a bar he had a regular job at. I was proud of the fact that he could play in a bar and be in control; it was almost inspirational. The bar was in Delaware, in fact, a bad section of Delaware, but my mom and dad were excited to go, and we packed into the car on a Saturday night, dressed nicely, and headed to Delaware.

Now, my dad usually knows the directions to anywhere you may want to know about. The man has been everywhere in the Tri-State area. So when he said he didnt need me to bring the directions Charlie had given us, I trusted him. When he got lost, we almost got into a fistfight in the middle of a parking lot in a shady section of town. My mom cried, her mascara was running down her face, but by the grace of God we found Rossis, and made amends. The bar was beautiful. For the area its in, it serves as a diamond in a coal mine for all who know about it. The furniture was meticulously polished, the lighting was just right, and the bartender greeted us warmly. We saw that Charlie was situated in a lonesome corner of the restaurant, an almost forbidden area of the joint, but his playing was beautiful, and it made us all forget about what had just happened, which made me nauseous for some odd reason. He played Satin Doll, Beautiful Love, and Embraceable You, which we both had sarcastically called Abradeable You. There was a drunk at the table closest to Charlie who kept hassling him to play Elvis material, which I knew Charlie hated, and he heckled him all night. But Charlie was almost unconscious, playing as if no one else were in the room. And although his audience was too busy eating their dinners to appreciate what he was doing, he treated it like his first concert ever, totally enthusiastic, totally focused, determined to make every note perfect. Even though the applause at the end of the songs was empty of meaning, he went on playing, as if it didnt matter to him at all. When he took a break, he came to sit beside us, and after talking to us for a while, he walked toward the corner as if resuming his position, but he only bent down to talk into the microphone, saying that I would play the second half of the night. I hadnt practiced, so I was embarrassed. I told him this, but he only said, These people dont even know if you make a mistake. Trying my hardest to believe him, I took his seat, embraced his guitar, and started playing.

22 The fact that Charlie was there was inspiring, and I played at a level I didnt think I could ever attain. I soared, I flew, I improvised, I revised, I almost rewrote the bridge to Misty, and pulled it all off beautifully. At the end of the night, I thanked him, trying to hide the fact that my hands were shaking out of control It was the first time I felt nervous, and it was because it was the first time I ever really came through for Charlie.

* Probably the lowest point in my life came shortly after the excursion to Rossis. As I had mentioned before, I was waiting to take a trip to Thailand. This was intended to be a pilgrimage of sorts, as I had taken an interest in Buddhism not long before. I was so enthusiastic about it; I read volumes and volumes of works of metaphysics, Buddhist philosophy, and Tibetan death rites. I thought that the trip would serve to bring Buddhism to the forefront of my life, permanently. Instead, upon viewing the monks and how they lived, it repressed it, as I realized with a sickening sense of defeat that I could never be the devout Buddhist I wanted to be. They were so disciplined, so devoted, almost inhuman. This crushed my spirit in an indescribable way; I felt as though all my hopes and dreams of living a simple, monastic life had been crushed, and I had been embarrassed as a result. I came back to America with my tail between my legs. So I finally got my drivers license at seventeen, which had been a long overdue priority, and in order to pay for car insurance, I had to stop taking lessons from Charlie. My dad was actually the one who suggested it, and I went through with it, mostly because I had lost interest in the guitar. I had lost interest in most of the things I was fond of before my trip. But when he actually talked to Charlie about it, he was heartbroken. He told my dad that I was his most promising student, and that he had noticed a change for the worse in me lately, and I wondered cynically if it was all bullshit. Still, I felt bad, because Charlie was a good guy, nice, and even though he always busted my balls, I respected him. But it was the middle of the summer, and instead of turning to my guitar, I had turned to the bottle. I had always thought that drinking was beyond me, maybe for practical reasons above anything elseIm very skinny, and I had never tried alcohol before. But my tolerance for it grew, mainly because I tried to out-drink guys twice my

23 weight and lost too many times, and waking up in my own vomit, or in the house of someone I didnt know. I finally gave it up after I woke up next to a girl Id never seen before. Thankfully, I found out that she had passed out as well, and we hadnt fucked, as I first suspected. I was relieved, as she was not much to look at. The beginning of my senior year marked a change in my personality. Instead of being the nice guy I was known for, I started being an asshole. And kept acting that way when I found out more people liked the new me. Especially women. I also got a job that I loved. I started working at a music store near my house. I was immediately given important responsibilities, as I had to lock up the shop at night, take care of the bookkeeping, and teach lessons. It was only my first week. Of course, as I would be reassured later, all good things come to an end. And for me, that end is usually quick in coming. I was accused of stealing (no, I didnt do anything honest) and my employment was terminated. Several phone conversations and nasty letters later, I received compensation in full, forty dollars. Two months later, I was to be fired from another job for stealing, and this time, I did do it. Although at the time I had friends, I felt very alone. It had very recently become apparent to me that there was something about my life that was very unsatisfying, and I realized I could turn to no one for help about this one; it was something I had to figure out for myself. But I did make one friend that I felt I could rely on. Sophie, who I had known for the last six years, and who I had developed an undeniable crush on, had become one of my closest friends at this time. This friendship started, oddly enough, after I had told her about the feelings I had for her, which were embarrassing to me. My senior year, I thought, should be a girl-of-the-month deal, but all I wanted was her. It was hard to describe what it was about her that made me want her so badly. First of all, she had dark hair, which was a must for me, and she was pretty attractive. Secondly, she had an attitude. It was more than a purely flirtatious attitude: she was bombastic, yet humble, frank, yet elusive, sexy, but prudent. Like an idiot, I tell just about everyone but her about these feelings. Nobody could really give me any positive advice; most of them told me to stay away from her. I got a

24 similar response from her best friend, who somehow felt that it was now her business to tell Sophie about it. So we were at a ska concert, the same night that I had gotten fired from my second job in a row, and I was trying my best to enjoy it; I thought it would be my last for a long time. So right in the middle of the concert, Sophie comes up to me and asks me if I want to talk. This is a day after I talked to her friend about it and she tells me forget it, youre barking up the wrong tree, so naturally Im kind of pissed. I tell her no, wait till later, and she gets annoyed. So I ignore her for the rest of the concert and a little bit afterwards, until we get in an argument in front of some bums and she runs into the train station. Feeling like an asshole, I run after her, and we finally talk alone. She tells me she wants to be friends, and I agree, because even though its not what I want, I want her to stop hounding and embarrassing me. I had heard the line so many times before, I had a calculated response ready for it, and I delivered a performance, acting as though I meant it, and she bought it. So I felt guilty when we started doing things together: fun things (hanging out in general), not so fun things (schoolwork), and everything else. But this only reinforced my feelings for her, and I felt as though I had to do something.

* But I was too uptight to do it. And every time I planned to talk to her about it, I froze. There were so many reasons why we shouldnt do it. For one, a friend of mine had a mild crush on her as well. Secondly, her ex was eyeing me every time I glanced at him, and I think he was starting to scare both of us. And, of course, who could forget that shit about Ruining The Friendship. So I went back to the bottle, knowing that I couldnt care less about all of it after I had a couple in me, and it would make talking to her easier. Of course, sometimes I planned to talk to her during school, so I had to drink before school, and then I started drinking just so I could look her in the face. I realized I was just making excuses and stopped again when she smelled it on me and chewed me out for it.

25 So I started working at a pizza joint, as I was sick of being unemployed, and the hours are crap, the pay is crap, and it makes me feel like my life is crap. But it makes me enjoy the time off, and I sit and lounge around the house, doing little projects, picking up my guitar to glare at it. One of these days when I had time off I got a phone call. It was Charlie, who I hadnt seen now for almost half a year. I was happy to hear from him, but I also felt a little awkward. Former guitar teachers are almost as bad to talk to as ex-girlfriends are, but Charlie spared the awkward small talk and was painfully to the point. He told me that he went for a checkup at the doctors. He said the doctor found cancer in his liver and prostate, and that he had less than a month to live.

About a month after our conversation at the concert, I finally talked to her (sober, too!). We were parked in her car, across the street from my friend Stans house. By this time, I felt as though things had changed for the better. I was almost positive. So, I asked her why she wouldnt want to start dating. Now, you have to realize, shes not a very straightforward person, and her answers always led to more questions, and she ended up confusing the hell out of me. At one point, she even admitted (rather reluctantly) that we would work, and I knew that some part of her wanted what I wanted. I realized that if this was the case, there had to be something she wasnt telling me. Eventually she told me that one of the reasons that she felt uncomfortable with dating me was that I had already had sex. Well, I said, that shouldnt matter, because youve done just about everything but that, so you can only say youre a virgin because of a technicality. Shed been going out with the same guy, off and on, for the last two years, and they obviously had engaged in some sexual acts. They would have had to, because Sophie had one of the dirtiest mouths I had ever heard on a girl. Of course, I was only trying to play it off as something trivial because I had never actually had sex.

26 Now, understand, I actually cared about her. I was not trying to do this one. For once, I felt comfortable around a girl, felt like I could relate, like I belonged with her. To find out that she wouldnt go out with me because of this reason was messed up. She thought I was experienced, but I wasnt. It was, of course, my own fault, and I know I get a 10 on the asshole scale for lying about it to everyone. I shouldve taken notes when I watched the Wonder Years episode where Kevin makes a jackass of himself after telling everyone he did the deed with his girl when he didnt.

So when I told her the truth, she bolted out of the car, yelling and screaming at me, Youre lying! Im sick of everyone telling me what I want to hear! and ran into Stans house. So again, I go running after her, and because its dark, I trip and fall and almost break something, but I get up and run into the house. Shes standing there, telling Stan to give her the grand tour like everythings all right, and I yell at her, saying I want to talk to her outside, and when she refuses, I resort to yelling at her, which caused sense of alarm in Stan, probably because I looked violent. So I told her that I was telling the truth, and that she had to believe me. She says that if Im telling the truth, then Ill tell Stan. Now, I am constantly giving advice to Stan about girls, as he goes to an all-boys school, and he takes it all in good faith based on his perception that Ive done the deed before. Hes my best friend, and I dont want to crush him. But I did it anyway.

I ran down the stairs, into the basement, arms flailing, and I point a finger at Stan. Listen to me. I lied about doing that chick. I lied, and I feel bad that it takes this to make me admit it, but I lied. Im sorry. Im not kidding. You better take me seriously. Stans jaw dropped, and he slowly nodded, and I realized that I scared him. I turn to Sophie, out of breath, and ask her if shes happy, and she walks away, shaking her head. So now theres this awkward pause between me and Stan. He walks up to me, and hugs me, telling me that he doesnt care. I cried, right then, and I didnt even mind doing it, even though I was in another mans arms. Well, weeks later, she still didnt believe me. What the hell else could I do?

27

While this was happening, Charlie came over every day for weeks. And every day I had a different project to complete for him. Even though I had been an asshole before, and I had taken him for granted, this time I paid attention. He taught me everything he felt I needed to know to be a complete musician. And even though he complained sometimes about his health, he stayed for hours at a time, handing over pages and pages and books of manuscripts he had written. I knew I had to study it, live it, breathe it. I picked up the damn guitar, the thing that I had avoided like a disease for the past six months. I picked it up and liked it.

* On Sunday, a day I have off, Sophie calls and asks if she can come over. I ask her why, and she wont give me a reason, but I tell her she can, even though I know Im in trouble.

I fell asleep working on one of my projects for Charlie, and I had just woken when she came over. I was dazed for the first half-hour, and she seemed nice, but I still had no idea what the hell she was doing being at my house, and, frankly, I was expecting some kind of argument.

I just wanted to hang out, she managed between bites of a salad she had bought on the way over. I put on a Ken Ishii CD and decided to relax. This rooms giving me a headache, she eventually said, after almost a half-hour of painfully awkward small talk. I was using the basement as a studio, and I had a ridiculously low amount of lighting in the place, to present a good environment for the band I was recording, and thought it fairly reasonable for it to be annoying. Lets go up to your room instead. And we went up, and I was an ass, as usual. I dont think it takes a damn mind reader to understand that when a girl lies down next to you on your own damn bed that she at least wants a kiss. Of course, I wasnt even thinking about thatI didnt want to screw anything up. If we were going to have a relationship, we were going to do it right. One

28 hour later she left my house disappointed and I cursed myself for not trying anything, even though I knew that it was best to take things slow. The next day was Charlies last at my house. He barely had enough strength to endure the drive over, and he was short of breath during the lesson. He cursed his radiation treatments, saying that they made him sicker than he would be without them. I had never seen Charlie look so bad in my life. But at the end of the lesson, when the guitars were put away, he told me that he wanted me to take his place at Rossis. Me? I cant do that. Youre practically a legend there. But you can handle it. Weve been over the damn stuff a million times. If you dont take it, weve just been wasting our time. What could I say? * Charlie was to spend the last few days of his life in the hospital. I visited him a few times, and, when he died, I felt an even bigger emptiness than before. How could I deal with this? I told my friends nothing of it, which, for some reason, helped me maintain my composure. I looked at my guitar with disgust, but I knew I had to take Charlies job. I asked Sophie to keep that Friday night free, and she agreed absent-mindedly. The next day, I asked her again about the date, being pessimistic. She said it would be a bad idea, and I almost lost it. This was too much bullshit for me to handle. Of course, I care enough about her to want her to be happy, even if it isnt with me, but Im still too immature not to be jealous as all hell when I see her talking to any guy for more than five minutes. I thought it would be impossible for me to get through the next few months sober. But instead of turning to the bottle, I turned to my guitar (for once), and I took the job at Rossis. It feels unnerving to be sitting in that same forbidden corner Charlie had garnered his for the last five years, but it also feels, somehow, right. The audience is still unappreciative at best, but a busboy there, Marcus, also plays guitar. Just the other night, while I was showing him a few chords, I could feel my voice getting a little deeper, and my

29 hair getting a little grayer. I asked him if he would get me a glass of water, filled to the top with ice.

DEREK SCHMIDT I was born in Media, PA, in October of 1980. Since graduating from Penncrest High School in 1998, Ive split my time between working and pursuing my undergraduate degree. Most recently, I worked for three years as a GED teacher in Philadelphia. In the summer of 2005, I decided to study full-time at Temple University. My latest work, FAFSA Renewal Application, is forthcoming. Reflection on Rossis Bar When I read Rossis Bar, I cant help focusing on the motley nature of the narrators personality: theres the romanticism that has him dabbling in Orientalism, the willful disregard for consistency in verb tense, and the cynicism he wears as a three-yearold would a size-ten shoe. Rossis Bar was incredibly easy to write, since it was mostly a personal narrative. Reflecting on it now, I would call it an embarrassingly personal narrative, but this is the trade-off you accept when you write about your life: If this story paints a vibrant and detailed picture, its more likely an X-ray than a work of art. But the events of my life were incredibly interesting to me then, and I thought theyd make for a good story. Ive started to develop my own theory about this in the few years Ive had to think about it: the younger we are, the fewer things weve experienced,

30 so each thing takes up a greater percentage of the sum of experiences, and is therefore worthy of examination and extrapolation. I dont yet have a mathematical model to describe this, but, since Im going for my undergraduate degree in Mathematics, I think I know a lot about Math, and I have plenty of free time over the summer. One theme that wraps up nicely is the narrators search for himself. As with many people, this search almost ends in a relationship. This would have been sentimental but laudable: thinking mostly of someone else is better than obsessing over our own desires, faults, and neuroses, which, as the protagonist learns in the beginning, are the same no matter how exotic the environment. But things turn out differently, and he ends up where he began, appreciating his position a bit more. Im a bit more cynical now about the prospect of finding yourself (please excuse the scare quotes), but I think this modest conclusion is realistic. Stories usually require a bit more yarn than that, though, and the narrator imagines his hair getting a little grayer and his voice getting a little deeper. Hopefully the impression here is one of self-awareness and irony, that the narrator is letting his imagination write a bit of history. For anyone privy to a few big-fish stories from his grandfather, theres just no other way to end a personal narrative.

31

Teacher Reflection The Perfect Ending in Derek Schmidts Rossis Bar A writer wants his readers to get the point of the story, so where better than at the end to make sure they get it, right? What if the writer arrives at the end and isnt sure if the point of the story is clearor if the story has a point? One solution the writer might resort to is simply to explain the point, right there in the narrationand so in the end he understood that or (worse) and so the moral of the story is that or the author might let the character himself explain, perhaps through dialogueyou know what I realized on my way over here today? But these are the most dreadful sorts of endings, when the author must explain, or sum up, the point to make the story seem complete. The perfect ending seems to arise naturally, its meaning revealed through action, through imagery, which has already been made significant earlier in the storylike, for example, the image of Derek Schmidts protagonist, sitting on a stool in Rossis Bar, feeling a little older, teaching the bus boy some chords, and asking for a tall glass of water, filled to the top with ice. Every detail of the final image in Rossis Bar capitalizes on some idea already developed earlier in the story, so the author need not explain a thing in the end. For

32 example, we already know that the protagonist was reluctant to take over the job at the bar after Charlie died, so now his gearing up to play, sitting in that same forbidden corner Charlie had garnered his for the last five years, reveals his true character, his maturation, which is also captured beautifully when he feels his voice getting a little deeper, and my hair getting a little grayerlike Charlies. We know, too, that in the past, after suffering some hardship, the protagonist has turned to alcohol (as Charlie once did), so now his requesting a glass of water, filled to the top with ice shows his determination to start anew (again, as Charlie once did). Derek Schmidtor his narratorneed not explain what any of these details means. We get the point, the significance, of the action, of every lovely detail, in the final scene, because of what has already been developed earlier in the story. The narrator does not sum up what he learned; he does not offer the reader a moral to the story; he doesnt even explain how his experiences have influenced his life. He shows us, through action and imagery that have been set up throughout the story; the final details are, in a sense, the payoffs of earlier setups. Often, as in Rossis Bar, the perfect ending capitalizes on some earlier image or idea, transforming it in the end in some new context. A writer might discover the perfect endingthe perfect final action or imagearising, naturally, out of the story. On the other hand, a writer might feel stumped, at a loss, for the perfect final action or image; upon rereading the story, however, he might discover setups already built in to the story he has written, and now it is only a matter of making them pay off in an interesting way. Alas, a writer might feel stumped for the perfect ending even after re-reading the story, even after combing the story for some interesting action or image that he might return to, or recall, in the end; in this case the work remaining for the writer may not be only at the end of the story but also, even more so, earlier in the storyor even throughout the story. The writer might seek opportunities to set up the ending he envisions; he might, for example, go back and recast his protagonist as a drinker of alcoholas his nowdeceased mentor had once beenso that, in the end, his requesting a glass of watersuch a simple acttakes on profound meaning, the kind of meaning that can be captured only through action and imagery, not through explanation.

33 Exercise Consider a draft of a story youve already writtenwhether youre happy with it or not and comb it for potential setups for the final payoff that will capture the core idea of your story, the heart of your protagonists experience. If you find your story devoid of such setups, develop some new idea or motif that you can then capitalize on in the end, creating a sense of both surprise and inevitability.

Christmas Cards Ruth A. Hariu 1999 I received three Christmas cards this year, cards undoubtedly belonging to cheap packs of mass-produced holiday cheer purchased as an afterthought from drug stores not too far out of the way. From the feel of the thin paper after I expectantly opened them, I didnt even bother turning the cards over to check for that all-important Hallmark logo. I was sure my name didnt make anyones nice card list. The most painful card I receivedand each of the cards was a painful reminder of some lost connectionwas the stiff and formal card from my recent-ex-husband. On the front there was a snowman trying to smile despite the fact that he was weighed down by heavy winter attire and was supporting a broom and Christmas wreath while several little rabbits played freely and gleefully in the snow beside him. It was signed simply, Merry Xmas. Jim. Neurotically, I thought the card was a low-handed ploy on Jims part to once again remind me of his unhappiness in our marriage. I couldnt put it past him. I deliberated over whether or not to display the cards on the window sill next to the plastic Christmas tree, but I decided that the card from my mother, for example, that was filled inside top to bottom with descriptions of stiff joints and maladies would probably be counterproductive in my mission to somehow liven an empty apartment. Instead, I put them away in the box with the couple of cards left in the expensive twenty-five-pack of

34 Hallmark Crown Christmas Cards that I had sent to nearly two dozen friends and family members. * The Monday morning after New Year's, there was a backup down Main Street for almost half a mile, unusual for such a small town, and somehow I got stuck in it on my way to work. The source of the problem, about ten cars in front of me, was the elastic collision of two Toyotas whose bodies were now crumpled in metal messes by the unexpected exchange (I knew the detailsafter ten minutes of the standstill, I got out of my car and went to inspect the situation). My 98 Mercedes was disgusted by this unsophisticated deviance from order and even more uncomfortable, I suppose, by the pair of impatient palms that pounded into the steering wheel every twenty seconds or so. Like a carrot dangling infuriatingly in front of immobilized-me, the office supply store that I owned was in sight; the sign I hand-painted was visible through a group of trees planted unnaturally in the cobblestone sidewalk. I would have driven down the sidewalk if it werent for those damn trees. I was sufficiently pissed when I pulled into the side parking lot of my store thirty-three minutes later. My rage was instantly cooled by the smell of closed quietness in my store. Being surrounded by bins of precisely measured mailing envelopes and sorted felt-tip markers gave me such a feeling of completeness and organization, I could unbutton the collar of my shirt. Running a strictly efficient business was definitely a lost art. There was a silent sanctity preserved in my little office supply store that tight-lipped businessmen and wideeyed children unquestionably respected. I liked it. * The short day of winter had already rapidly pulled the sun out of the sky when I flipped over the Open sign and locked up. Dusk had settled so thickly that I almost tripped over a bothersome little pest sitting on the curb in front of my store. It was a small boy, perhaps ten years old, wrapped up in a winter jacket and scarf, his mittened thumb

35 extended streetward at the passing cars. What do you think youre doing there, huh? I demanded of the bundled-up boy, my hands instinctively finding their places on my hips. Whadduzzit look like Im doing? he answered smartly with a high voice that hinted of an imminent cold, Im trying to thumb a ride home! Appalled by his tone and manners, I verbally pounced on him. Not in front of my store you arent. Move along, or Ill call your mother! With that I turned from the scamp and walked toward the side lot and my car. I heard him call after me. Go ahead an tryIll give you the number! She wouldnt care, anyway! I threw a threatening look back over my shoulder, but it was never intercepted. It seemed the boy had forgotten me completely as he stuck his thumb bravely back out into the night. * It rained the next day. I used to love rain when I was little. On warm, wet days I would lie on my back in the driveway and follow the rain drops as they filtered through the leaves of the overhanging maple tree. Or, usually after being pelted in the eye, I lay silently on the pavement and waited for the drops to surprise me, imagining that each pinsized explosion of wetness was an invisible, sloppy kiss from my guardian angel. Now, as I flipped the sign and locked up the store, I carried an umbrella. It was pouring, and the sound of the heavy drops on my umbrella was deafening. When I saw the same boy once again on the curb, trying to seek shelter from the rain under one of the misplaced trees, I had to shout at him to be heard over the pounding. Hey, kidits pouring! Why are you sitting out here in the rain? I asked him, more bewildered than angry. Im doin the same thing I was yesterday: trying to find a ride. What else would I be doing? he retorted. He wasnt actively trying, though. His lucky thumb was buried deep into the pockets of his waterlogged jacket. It seemed as though he were waiting for a ride to come to him. It seemed as though he were waiting for me.

36 Yeah, but So why doesnt your mom come and pick you up? Youre getting soaked. Does she even know where you are? Fine! Ill move if ya really want me to, okay? he answered randomly, leaving the makeshift haven of the tree and starting to walk farther down the street. At the sight of the freezing rain rolling off his drenched blond hair, a wave of pity washed over me, and I went after the departing boy, stopping him in mid-stride. Hey, wait. Do you need a ride home? I asked him, trying to cut the edge from my voice. He crept closer to me, stepping under the dry realm of my umbrella. Looking up at me with the eyes of a pathetic, drenched cat, he nodded. All right, I sighed, Come with me. The cars that passed us on the street could have mistaken us for mother and son, walking down the cobblestone sidewalk like a close-hugging, water-fearing unit. I wasnt exactly sure how I felt about that assumption, though I forced a frown the whole way to my car. * Every corner of the apartment that Jim and I used to share held some cobwebconcealed memory that stuck out like a sore thumb each time I entered. I really should have moved out of the apartment after the divorce, but every time I picked up the phone to contact a realtor, something held me back. Besides, there was a nice view of the town park from the picture window. Flipping on the TV in ourmybedroom, I peeled off the layers of business suit and climbed into bed to the melodious sound of Dan Rathers late-January report of blizzards up north and scandals in the White House. I watched news constantly. Tucked securely under the wings of my down comforter I absorbed the details of each story as if I hadnt watched the same report half an hour earlier. Suddenly the ghost images of candlelit dinners in the kitchen and couch-potato evenings in the den vaporized. I could watch the weather forecasts with a blank mind. But tonight I couldnt get one thought out of my head: the boy. He hugged me today. For the two weeks that I had been driving him home, we had

37 stuck to a set of unspoken rules. No unnecessary chatter, no frivolous contact. No friendship. But this evening when I pulled up to the weed-infested curb introducing his apartment complex, something unexpected happened. Wait. I almost forgot. I have somethin for you, hed said, recoiling from the door handle and diving into his school bag. From an accumulation of what I imagined to be dirt and rocks and toads he pulled out a neatly rubber-banded pile of precisely trimmed photographs. I got my school pictures back today. I saved one for you. He ruffled through the stack until he found the right one. He leaned over, the leather-protecting plastic bag that I made him sit on crinkling, and pressed the glossy photo into my palm. When I automatically glanced down to inspect the picture, he lurched forward and wrapped his arms around my neck. I was stunned. He held on like a baby koala for a couple speechless seconds, and then he was out the door. Slipping the photo into my coat pocket, I watched him disappear into the building, trying to find a sensible place for this moment in my days itinerary. Surprisingly, I sensed that it fit. Now in the TV-illuminated darkness, I could still feel the imprints that his puffy coat had made on my shoulders, the steam that his miniature nose had breathed on my neck. For a split second there in my Mercedes, I had imagined I was someone else living an oppositely charted life. What would it be like if he were my child? I rolled back over to a shooting in the city and dispelled the idea. Halfway through Internight on MSNBC, the telephone rang. Answering it, I heard a quavering and watery version of my older sister Robins voice. Lauren, itsits Mom, she began, sharp intakes of breath stealing her continuity. Shes gone. This afternoon. We, we tried to call you earlier, butGod, Lauren, it was so sudden. So sudden. I was having a hard time understanding the impact of her words. Oh my GodRobin, what are you saying! I didnt really want to ask, but disbelief flew out of me. The funerals in two days, Lauren. Me and J-Joey made all the arrangements. She started to whimper softly with her mouth away from the phone. I know we havent talked for a long time, Lauren, but Joey and I really want you to be hereLauren? For the second time that day, I was uncharacteristically and utterly speechless.

38

* The funeral was on Thursday. As I drove back home, I could barely remember the service. I recalled sitting in the front pew of my childhood church with my older siblings, Robin and Joey, huddled together beside me. Jim was on my other side. When I had phoned him two evenings ago to tell him the sad news, he insisted on accompanying me to the funeral. My mother always liked him. To keep my composure for the subsequent hour, I diverted my attention from the ministers voice and kept my eyes lowered and resting on the wooden pew. I concentrated on keeping at least a six-inch margin between me and the estranged parties to my right and left. When I accidentally let out a choked sob during the valley-of-the-shadow-of-death passage, however, my personal space was interrupted by Jims consoling hand resting lightly on my knee. The gentle pressure of his touch felt like an old friend, so I let it rest there for a moment before brushing it off. I just wanted to go home. Now I kept my eyes steadily focused on the suddenly-interesting asphalt being swallowed by my speeding car. I was positive that this ride home with Jim would be among the most uncomfortable two hours of my life. At least I was driving. The unstable silence that hung between us felt nervous, forced, full of hot, unspoken accusations. Out of the comer of my eye I was watching him pick the lint off his overcoat and flick it onto the floor mats that I just had vacuumed a week ago. I felt myself slowly losing it. Shifting uncomfortably in his seat, Jim leaned over and turned on the radio to an oldies station. He began to sing along in a thin, off-key shower voice that I used to giggle to outside the bathroom door. Now it wore down the last of my restraint. Goddamnit, Jim! I burst out cuttingly. Turn off that radio! You were always so damn inconsiderate, you know that? Could you just try to show a little respect for my mother and, heaven forbid, me? I just came from my mothers funeralI am not in the mood to be entertained! He murmured some kind of vague apology, aware that he was trapped with me in confined quarters for another hour, and he turned off the radio. We rode the rest of the way home in our unstable silence.

39 * On Friday I followed my routine back to work, the daze and dizziness of grief still lingering over my head like a rain cloud. The foggy confusion began to dissipate, however, once I found my place behind the register answering mundane questions about types of paper and push-pins. Although there in the store I felt far away from the calamities of the past two days, I was still relieved when the clock hands flirted with five. For some reason I was surprised that the boy was waiting for me on the sidewalk when I closed up. I saw him before he realized I was there, so I studied him for a moment. His red and yellow school bag leaned up against one of his legs where his blue jeans had wet puddle-spots around the ankles. He had pulled the mitten off his right hand and was absorbed in chewing the thumbnail, his eyes closed in acute concentration. That was a bad habit. Thats a bad habit, I called over to him. Surprised by my voice, he whirled around. He pulled the thumb from his lips. Oh, its you, he said, stressing a fabricated tone of nonchalance. Whereve you been these last two days? I came an waited for you every day. I noticed the burning concern in his blue eyes. Forget it, I replied, dismissing his question. If you want a ride today, Im leaving now. He nodded, and as I turned and started walking to my car, he jumped up and ran to my side, matching his steps to mine. The pace was too hurried and haggard for that of a little boy, but he struggled to keep up with me. He started to chatter about something funny that happened during science that day, but I tried not to listen, just mmm-hmmed every so often. Once I unlocked the car doors with my remote control from the edge of the parking lot, he scampered ahead of me and jumped in the car, bouncing on the seat insistently to signal impatience. I wasnt too old that I couldnt remember the fun of car-seat upholstery bouncing against your bottom, but I was too old to admit it was cute. Stop that, I snapped as I climbed in the car. Why are you so wound up today, huh?

40 Its T.G.I.F., and I have no homework this weekend! he proclaimed proudly, dancing around in his seat to orally-synthesized beats. Feeling unordinarily at home in my car today, he started to explore all of the various compartments and gadgets that a 98 Mercedes had to offer. I tried to curb my lips. After opening and closing, flipping and turning, he opted for the radio. Jims oldies station was still set on the tuner. The boy, pleased with the Beach Boys, started to sing along. Annoyed, I turned the radio off with a sharp flick of the wrist. The singing stopped. Hey, whats wrong with you? Youre so grouchy today, the boy remarked, his eyebrows contoured by puzzlement and hurt. I felt sheepish for a second but didnt reply. We drove the rest of the way to his apartment complex listening to the bumps in the road. I left the car in drive when I stopped in front of his building, and waited for him to get out of the car. When I didnt hear the door handle being pulled, I glanced over at him. He smiled at me and leaned over to hug me again. The restraining hand I placed on his shoulder cut him off mid-embrace. As he leaned away from me, his face frozen in a withered smile, the plastic bag sighed under his shifting weight. The boy just kept looking at me, and looking at me, and looking at me. I cleared my throat. Cmon, Im in a hurry, okay? I said to him, not able to look directly in his eyes. I was watching my fingers tap the steering wheel when he finally got out of the car, so I wouldnt have to see the tears that I had smeared over his childish cheeks. When I heard the door shut gently with the strength of a broken heart, I drove home. * God, I felt like a horrible person. That weekend, a plaguing guilt was building and building in my chest with the urgency of a suppressed scream. I imagined the boy crying. I remembered his furrowed eyebrows, his deflated smile. I had been so cold, so heartless. That wasnt the way I normally was! By Monday, I had formulated a plan to apologize to the boy. On my lunch break I ventured down Main Street to the candy store and bought a king size bag of the seasonal Valentines Day heart candies with the words printed on them. Once I was back at the office supply store, I spent the remainder of my day writing a mental excuse, an

41 explanation of the horrible week I had. I wanted to tell him that I was sorry. I wanted to tell him that my mother had just died. I wanted to tell him how I lost my husband. I tried to think of a short way to say it all to make him understand. I wasnt a bad person. I would walk out of the store quietly so that he wouldnt see me, and I would sit down beside him and take his mittened hand and squeeze his lucky thumb and apologize, explain, give him candy. We would still be holding hands on the way to my car. I wouldnt make him sit on that damn plastic bag. People would think he was my son. By five oclock there were stampeding butterflies coursing throughout my nervous system. I decided to stall for five more minutes before closing up, so that I could be certain that he would already be sitting there waiting for me when I sneaked up behind him. But after three minutes I realized that he might think I wasnt coming at all and just leave. So I went to the closet and put on my coatit felt a little tighter than usualand I rehearsed the effective apology I had memorized, twice. This is silly, I muttered to myself, picking up the bow-tied bag of candy. Hes just a little boy. Hell forgive me. But the pound of my heart knew that I had injured a place in him that had already been trampled on too many times for a boy so young. My heart realized that there was a worlds worth of healing to make up for. I headed for the door. I stepped out, forgetting to flip over the Open sign. The boy wasnt there. I nearly ran to the place on the pavement where he normally waited, bent over and put my hand on the spot, but it was cold. It didnt seem as though he were ever there. I straightened myself out and looked down the street both ways. About seven stores away on the opposite side of the Main Street, I saw a bundled-up scamp sitting on the curb in front of the grocery store, his arm extended streetward. I started to walk in his direction, then stopped. That boy looked too old to be my boy. I sat on the curb for five more minutes, but the boy never appeared. Sighing, I stood up, went back into the store to flip over the sign, and headed for the parking lot. My car was waiting there for me, formidable as ever. All I could smell when I got into the car was the scent of well-cared-for leather, the aroma of an expensive and revered car. I ignored the plastic bag on the seat beside me and drove back to my apartment building. It was indisputably night when I got to my apartment; the sprawling picture

42 window showed nothing but a reflection of myself as I entered my living room. As I went to put my keys away in my coat pocket, my fingers fell upon something thin and smooth already nested there. It was the photograph that the boy had given me, and when I pulled it out of my pocket face-down, I saw the message written on the back in childish hand: To Mrs. ?, Love, Thomas. Without turning it over to look at the picture on the opposite side, I rummaged through a drawer next to my TV and found the Hallmark box. I tucked the photo into my mothers Christmas card. Without bothering to remove my suit, I crawled under my down comforter and flipped on the TV, irritated that Id missed the first half-hour of my succession of news shows. I ripped open the bag of heart-shaped candy and gradually devoured all of them except the green ones, which I threw out the next morning.

43

RUTH HARIU Since the writing of Christmas Cards, I completed college and followed its sweeping motion through to its natural end: a static hoarding of momentum at the university library, where I have worked two years among the noblest humans in creation, librarians. Having a space in the library lineup, in which those unselfish hands pass from palm to palm more literature than my friends and I together could ever afford, I have felt, finally, enough flick in the wrist to expend my potential energy. In August 2006 I will begin a Ph.D. program. Reflection on Christmas Cards I started here with a very impersonal reference to the writing of Christmas Cards. This is my unpresumptuous way of courting the past, coaxing into collaboration that work which I may have no right anymore to claim. I expect that many writers faced with the task of reanimating the birth of an old story feel the same timidity; so then, I begin by extending an invitation to a houseguest, the girl who wrote the story. This girl kept copious journals from the age of seven years that stretch seamlessly into the one I keep today, and her writing, in the way a photograph never could, brings the smart, colt-legged girl whispering to me over the manuscript. What I hear is richer than I expectI wrote this story, you see, in the same bedroom in which I sat thinking, staring at the walls. Where first those flags of color snapped inside my conscious mind and made their way into words in these journals. That past tense, the self-unnamed narrator, the staid yet desperately introspective journeys into love, desertion, family, self-isolationif we lay these side by side, you will see they are from the same hand. Lauren is, in many ways, my compatriot, and what exhilaration it is at this young age to flee from the deathbed of my childhood and find Lauren outside her office supply store waiting to pick up that child so different from herself. I ask her if she knew she was saving herself in the writing of this story. Yes, in a way, but no.

44 These last words ring long after the communion has ended. And perhaps they mean more to the process of writing than I understand even now. From years of careful narrative crafting, through the splintering of line into poetry and beyond, into an acceptance of their inherent mutual playfulness, what my writing shows me is that all along, what I have been doing is unknowingly saving myself, taking from the present to unselfishly pass palm to palm that which will make me whole, help me survive. Then, of course, the thought dawns on me that after all, this is the aim: what great writing does is save us all.

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Teacher Reflection Showing, Not Telling, in Ruth Harius Christmas Cards The nineteenth-century novelist Henry James famously advised fiction writers, Show. Dont tell. Show what you mean through action, dialogue, and imagery; dont just tell what you mean through explanation and summary. In Christmas Cards Ruth Hariu vividly portrays the protagonist not through explicit analysis, or self-analysis (after all, the protagonist is the narrator, telling her own story), but through actions that reveal her complicated character. The authors portrayal of the main character is all the more brilliant because the story is written in the first-person point of view; that is, what the protagonistnarrator tells usand doesnt tell usis itself a form of showing. Of course, telling is not something we should altogether avoidafter all, we are telling storiesbut we might, as writers, ask ourselves continually, How might I show, rather than tell? We might ask ourselves, for example, How might I show that my character is lonely? rather than just write she is lonely? Ruth Hariu captures this very aspect of her characters life in the storys opening lines, describing the three Christmas cards she received this year, cards undoubtedly belonging to cheap packs of massproduced holiday cheer purchased as an afterthought from drug stores not too far out of the way. The cards are not only few, but cheap and carelessly purchasedor so the narrator thinks. By telling the story from the first-person point of view, the author shows us also how the protagonist thinks. First, the three Christmas cards show that the protagonist doesnt have a lot of close human connections; but then the assumptions she makes about the cardsundoubtedly belonging to cheap packspurchased as an afterthought reveal even more about her, and not just the fact that she is thoughtful about her insubstantial relationships. The physical details of the cards, not to mention her specific thoughts about them, are deeply revealing: the card from her ex-husband reads only

46 Merry Xmas. Jim and depicts a grimacing snowman weighed down by clothingthis prompts her to think the card was a low-handed ploy on Jims part to once again remind me of his unhappiness in our marriage; the card from her mother was filled inside top to bottom with descriptions of stiff joints and maladiesthis prompts her, after some deliberation, not to display the depressing cards but to store them away in the Hallmark box left over from the Christmas cards she herself had sent out. Even this detail of the Hallmark box is revealingshowing, not tellingthat deep down she wants to make connections with people, having sent out the kind of nice cards she didnt receive in return. Throughout the story the narrator reveals herself through her actions, ignoring her mothers illness, savoring the peace and quiet of her store, straining to be patient with the people who invade her space, and making a last-ditch effort to make up for her insensitivity: she boxes up her mothers Christmas card, she snaps at her ex-husband, who turns on the radio on the drive back from her mothers funeral; she rejects the boys hug after driving him home; and she seeks the boy out so that she can apologize. In the end we understand that she has learned from her experience, that she appreciates how her own behavior has contributed to her isolation, but she stops short of telling us this herself, just as she has stopped short of making explicit her feelings about her ex-husband or her mother. She does not offer up a moral to the story or even confess her regrets, even as she expresses longing for the boy, even as she imagines him her own son. Instead, once again we are shown: after failing to find the boy, she is alone, under covers, still in her suit, flipping through channels while devouring a bag of heart-shaped candy. The truth is that it would be difficult for herand even for usto explain exactly how she feels, or exactly what she is thinking. And yet the picture tells the story. Exercise Write a paragraph that reveals a character solely through vivid action, avoiding psychological descriptions or explanations. You might also return to a story youve already written and comb it for opportunities to show where you have told, seeking out even simple descriptors like sad or angry and considering how you might illustrate such states of mind through interesting action and imagery.

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The Reign of the Last Caesar Emerson Breneman 2000 An old man was drinking an early-morning beer outside of a darkened Laundromat as Miguel walked by. Three doors up, next to a Chinese food restaurant, which was blasting the smell of hot grease from a noisy fan vent above its front door, was a large window showcase with the words PET EMPORIUM block-lettered in red and gold across the middle. Miguel pushed open the heavy glass door and stepped inside. The bell above the doors chime sent a row of cages to Miguels left shaking violently as the birds inside cackled and flapped. The air inside was sick with the smell of animals and sawdust. A woman, Indian and fat, looked up from a small black-and-white television, which was playing a soap opera, and looked at Miguel, as if waiting for some kind of explanation. Im here for a dog I called Yes, you go through this door for see my husband. She pointed to the back of the shop. Miguel started, heading past a row of fish tanks, which shimmered green light through a layer of algae onto his white T-shirt, to a door marked EMPLOYEES ONLY. As he reached out for the handle, the door opened slightly and a short Indian mans face appeared. His eyes made dark circles and his mouth bent into a maniacal grin; the man seemed overwhelmingly happy. Hello, sir! You are here for Bull, yes? Yeah Very good! You come with me. He led Miguel through a small office area, where a tape deck was playing Indian pop music. Through another door, they walked past a row of dog pens, Plexiglas on the front and back. There was a Labrador puppy circling in the second pen and an olderlooking German Shepherd lying half asleep in the fifth. Through the front of the pen, Miguel could see the rest of the shop, the woman behind the counter staring intently at her

48 television. You have come at good time, my friend. We have many Bulls to choose from. The man chattered as they headed down a flight of wooden stairs lit from overhead with a dangling light bulb. These bastards they tell me I cannot sell these dogs, that I need license from Kennel Association and this bullshit. They tell me that only I can order one or two Pit Bulls at a time, and that I must register with the police before I can sell them. Do you know what I say, my friend? I say Bullshit! To these police! The man laughed and gave Miguel a look of criminal confederacy. Miguel chuckled and looked away. The basement had a poured-concrete floor and no furnishings. A young Indian man in tight jeans was sitting on a milk crate and smoking. Against the far wall were ten small cages. Inside each one was a small Pit Bull. The shopkeeper led Miguel closer to the cages and shouted a command in Hindi to the young man who slowly got up and walked up the stairs, still smoking. The man crouched and pointed to the nearest cage. Inside, the dog was all black, with pale blue eyes. This is good dog. This will be very good fighter. See? The paws, they are big and good claws. This dog will be very tough, the man smiled. Miguel glanced across at the other cages. Catching this, the man continued, These are all good dogs. All the best trainers in Los Angeles, if they want a dog that will last in the pit, and can fight again and again, they come to me. These dogs are bred in a mill special for to fight. They can take other dogs head off. No, Miguel spoke softly, looking down the line, it aint for fighting. Well, for what then? the shopkeeper asked, confused. For protection. Ah, yes, the man said, looking over Miguels small frame. Well, you will want a big dog. He walked to the second-to-last cage from the wall. Inside was a light-brown Bull, looking up alertly. His paws were thick and wide, legs and chest rippled with white. He was not quite still a puppy, and he was larger than the other dogs. As he moved, his hide slid over taut, rolling muscle. This dog will be very big. Good strong bite, the man said softly, looking at Miguel, but Miguels eyes were fixed on the dog. Yeah, Miguel nodded. This is my nigga right here. *

49 The training began on that same day. In his backyard, Miguel had constructed a small pen from a roll of chicken wire that he had found in a pile of trash that sat just beyond his back fence. Enclosed in the wire cage was a rusty metal fence post embedded in a submerged pile of concrete left over from some unfinished building project of a former tenant. The dog looked vaguely frightened as Miguel chained him to the post and entrapped him in the wire frame. He watched as Miguels form disappeared into the basement of the house and then returned a moment later, carrying something with him. Miguel strapped a collar weighted down with a sandbag around the dogs neck and watched as he slumped forward, off balance. He struggled with the collar and then scratched at the strap on the back of his neck. From the ground he saw Miguel descend into the house and then return once more, this time carrying a length of rope and a piece of meat, which he could smell before he could see. Miguel tied a knot around the chunk of beef, which had been left over from dinner the night before, and laughed to see the dogs eye lock on the meat with a clear intention. Caesar. Miguel spoke to the dog as he set the meat to dangle from the top of the cage. Lil Caese. Crazy little bastard. Fuck anybody up. The dog struggled to rise, then began to heave his neck towards the meat, which swung above him at the highest point in his sphere of vision. Miguel watched the dog for a moment, then spun around and stepped across the lawn and back down into the basement. He closed the shutter doors behind himself and made his way through the small, cluttered basement past a broken yellow washing machine and boxes of Christmas decorations to the bottom of the stairs. He flicked off the light switch before he ascended, knowing the length of each step in the dark. Emerging into the kitchen, smoky and flooded with sunlight, Miguel saw his father sitting at the table, holding forth, now these Taiwanese werent like those other Koreans I told you about. These were nice guys. They loved Americans, and the girls especially loved our American money. He was in a bathrobe, sipping Seagrams and orange juice from a Styrofoam cup. At this time there werent many Puerto Ricans in my barracks, and I was liable to catch shit even from my own company for being a Puerto Rican, but I never got any trouble from these Taiwanese while we were there on leave. They were nice people, just real poor, but they would bring nice clean girls down to the bar and that good weed from the country. One time one of my buddies, a black guy named His girlfriend

50 was partly listening, smoking a Newport and shaking salt into a pan of simmering ground beef. Otis, he was a funny guy, he got all drunk one night and went back to some girls shack or something and her boyfriend showed up with a knife, trying to shake him down for his money, see. Well, Otis got away and then after he sobered up, a bunch of us guys went downtown and we found this girl working in a park and we scared her pretty good into telling us where to find her boyfriend. He took a drink and looked toward Miguel, now speaking directly to him, So, she says this guys shooting pool in another bar, an allTaiwanese bar where no servicemen went in, but we went down and we gave some kid on the street a quarter to go in and bring him out into the street. He came out and then we beat him real good. You see? I was never a big guy, but I can hold my own. Ive never been afraid to scrap. A week before, Miguel had come home bloodied from a beat-down he had received in the park. Sure, maybe I got punked off a little, but I did my share of whipping ass too. You know, you cant go around with a reputation as a punk. Thats when you get it bad. His tone had begun to turn into that of a lecture. Whatever, man. Miguel mumbled, aware that half of his fathers stories were bullshit anyway. Now how is that dog doing out there? His father kept his tone hostile. Look at this shit! Miguel laughed, pointing out the back window to where the dog was straining to jump, snapping his jaw just below where the beef hung. His father stood up and stooped slightly to see the dog. He smiled. Not looking up from the pan, his girlfriend, Carla, rasped to Miguel, Go tell your sister to come eat some of this. Already walking past the wooden-paneled living room walls and smoked-out couch and chairs to the front hallway, Miguel heard the command and stopped in front of his little sisters door. He kicked at the bottom of the door and pushed it open with his foot. Hey, hoochie. Your mother says to go eat. His sister was lying in bed but jumped out right away in Winnie-the-Poo pajamas and yelled, Oh-kaaaay. She was small for five. She had very dark hair and big dark eyes. Miguel, is the puppy here yet? Yeah, hes in the back, but hes not a puppy. Hes a big fucker already. His name is Caesar.

51 I like puppies better, she said to her pajama-bottomed feet. I think you should call itTiggeror Pongo. He was closing the door to his room behind him, walking across the throw rug toward the CD-player boom box that sat on top of his dresser, CDs lying out of their cases face up around it. He unloaded the items from his pockets and carefully lined them up on top of the TV: his wallet, a pair of house keys, a pack of Newport menthols, five vials of crystal meth, and a mix tape. Then he was sitting at his weight bench, curling a thirtypound dumbbell with his left arm as Tupac was playing in the background. And he was looking at himself in a full-length mirror, posing and lip-synching to the rhymes. He scowled at his skinny arms and chicken-chest and then turned to the window, watching Caesar rip apart the bit of flesh and choke it down. After it was gone, the dog searched the ground for any morsel that might have dropped from its jaw and, not finding any, licked the dirt in front of him just to be sure. Then he rolled onto his side, exhausted. Yeah, bro! Miguel called to his dog. Later, he was asleep, all concept of himself forgotten. Then the phone rang and he was dragged from what felt like a lifetime of dreams back to his bed. The room was ominous-gray and could have been dusk or just before dawn. His digital alarm clock said that it was 6:30 with one red dot next to it to indicate p.m., but Miguel couldnt remember falling asleep and had lost his sense of continuity. He picked up the phone: Hello? his voice cracked. Yo, holmes, whats up? the voice called against background hum. YoChino? No, man, this is Ricky. Oh, yeah, bro, I just Whats up? I was sleeping. Yeah, man? Yo, what are you doing? Do you have any more of that shit? Yeah, I got that. I wanted to get some of that. I got some friends who want some too. Me and Little D are gonna roll up to this party. You should come up with us to talk to these guys. UhIyeah, I guess, man.

52 Yeah, well be there in a little while to pick you up. All right, man. Miguel hung up. Ricky pressed end and the face of his cell phone went blank. Dashes of orange sunlight reflected through his windshield were rolling across his jaw. Little D braked into a clump of red-light traffic. At the comer, an old woman was selling oranges. Who is this kid Miguel? Miguel DeSanto? Little D was turning up the AC. No, man, Miguel De Santo lives in Oaktown now. This is Miguel Garcia. Ricky spoke as he looked into the sunshade mirror, adjusting his hat brim. That kid we went to school with? Yeah. That kids a little puta bitch! Little D swerved across the turning lane and took a left onto Columbus Boulevard. Yeah, but he gets good shit now. I dont know. Hes okay We chilled a couple times. He just kind of goofy. Yo, remember when Jamal and them used to mess with him hard? Ricky asked, not sure if Little D was even in school at the time he was recalling. Yeah, that punk used to catch wreck like every day from somebody. Niggas would be like stealing his money or his walkman or something. That was some funny shit! Hed get all pissed, but then hed just back down because he knew anybody could stomp him. Little D smiled, looking down at a tattoo of Jesus on his bicep. Yeah, and I heard he got beat Little D looked over his shoulder, waiting for an opening to run onto the freeway on-ramp. No, man, get on Southbound! The ramps on the other side. Little D looked up at the big green sign that hung on the overpass and nodded, swinging the car back into traffic towards the Southbound ramp. Ricky waited for him to hit the run and continued. I heard he got beat in the park last week by some heads from North. I asked him about it and he was, like, Nah, man, nah. But then I asked Monique cause she live in his neighborhood and she said it was true. On the top of the freeway, the setting sun was an orange vapor made vague by smog. Ricky watched as the last of it slipped beneath the rim of the city. He turned up the stereo. Four exits south, the Acura darted across two lanes to roll down the off ramp and into Miguels neighborhood. Minutes later, putting on a gold chain in the bathroom mirror, Miguel heard a horn bleat and hurried into his room. He grabbed three vials of meth, his wallet, keys and

53 cigarettes. He put on a white Polo button-up and a baseball hat. He walked to the living room, where his sister was watching the Disney Channel. She looked up. I met your doggie. Hes funny looking and he has a bag on his neck. Wheres Dad, Rosy? He went to Uncle Carloss house. Miguel looked at her for a second, worried. I have to go out. What are you going to do? Im going to watch TV, and I wont answer the phone unless its Daddy or Mommy on the answering machine and I wont leave the house. Can I go out back to see the dog? No. Dont leave at all. I bet Dad will be back soon, so just chill out, all right? She said yes and refocused her eyes on the TV. Out front, Little D and Ricky were smoking a blunt in Little Ds blue customized Acura. The cars system was rattling house windows on the block with bass hits. Miguel locked the door and went out to the curb. Ricky rolled down the window, spilling a ganja cloud into the street. Miguel had to yell over the music, Yo, you want to come see my new Pit Bull? Hes a killer. No, we got to get over to this party, man. Get in. In the back seat the woofers sent blows of vibration through Miguels skinny chest. Ricky passed him the blunt as they cruised off his block and Miguel took a long hit and coughed painfully. The other two laughed at him. They rode out across neon-bleached avenues in the silence of the bass track. They ended up in Long Beach. After getting lost for fifteen minutes, Ricky recognized the block where J.C. lived. As usual, some guys had left J.C.s house to play basketball on the courts that sat directly across from his house. Little D found a spot for his car in the court parking lot. Across the street, the front yard of the house was partially lit by a yellow floodlight. On the lawn, two Latino girls were laughing as a black kid with a beer in his hand told them a story. On the front stoop, a girl sat partially in darkness talking seriously into her cell phone. Miguel watched the kids shooting hoops. Most of them were shirtless and sweaty, playing seriously. Ricky and Little D were already walking across the street, so Miguel jogged a few paces, not wanting to enter the house

54 alone. The two Latino girls turned and looked as Ricky unhooked the gate and they crossed the short lawn, but the girl on her cell phone looked more intently into space as they walked past. Ricky led them through the front like it was his own house. There was a group of kids hanging out in the kitchen and a few more in the living room on the right. The house was bright, with white walls and light carpets. They stepped into the front hall, and the kids in the kitchen turned and watched them. The kids were mostly white and looked like surfers. Ricky was looking around. Yo, wheres J.C.? he called into the kitchen. A kid with light-brown dreadlocks spoke up, Hes in the basement. Miguel was nervous as he followed the other two into the living room. Above his head, a few girls were standing on the second-floor landing, overlooking the party. He pitched his head up and caught sight of a pretty chicana, maybe seventeen or eighteen years old. She was hanging over the railing, her arms dangling at the top of his vision. He cleared his throat and stepped along behind the other two as they made their way down the back hall way to the basement stairs. J.C. was sitting behind a screen of weed smoke on his couch in the dank basement. A couple kids were playing Playstation on an old television, cursing each other out between levels and mouthfuls of beer. J.C. stood up and came towards Little D and Ricky as they walked in. Ricky, whats up, man? he said through a smile. J.C. was big, with blond, close-cropped hair and blue eyes. Miguel was standing behind the other two, scanning the room with his eyes. J.C. looked Miguel over and said, This is the kid you were telling me about? Miguel felt pinned down by J.C.s eyes. To Miguel, this guy seemed to radiate an air of mindless cruelty. At first, this vibration he was feeling made no sense to Miguel and he tried to ignore it. Then, as he looked into J.C.s icy blue eyes, a layer of time seemed to fall away in Miguels mind and he was overcome with a barrage of long-forgotten memories. You know this kid, Miguels mind raced. At the YMCA when you were thirteen and he was older and his friends watched and laughed when he kicked your ass in the parking lot and stole your basketball. The image of J.C. standing over him, dropping the basketball on his face, sprang to mind. Lets go sit down, J.C. said, and led them over to the couch.

55 The coffee table in front of it was strewn with loose tobacco from cleaned-out blunts, empty keg cups, porn magazines, and cigarette butts. J.C., Little D and Ricky sat down on the couch, but there wasnt a spot for Miguel. He kept standing as the others packed a pipe and passed it around, talking boastfully. Miguel took a hit from the colorful blown-glass pipe and held it in. Miguel watched J.C. closely as he spoke. No, thats not the same kid, Miguel rationalized. Theres no way. Why would this kid who lives in Long Beach go to the L.A. YMCA? As Miguel studied his face, his certainty faltered. After a moment, he decided for sure that he had been mistaken, but Miguel couldnt overcome the feelings that the memory had dragged up. When J.C. looked to him and spoke, Miguel was thirteen years old again. So, lets see these vials, man, J.C. said with a surfer twang. Miguel locked eyes with him, and for a second saw in them a hint of recognition. He knows, Miguels mind told him. Its him. He remembers who you really are. Miguel clumsily brought out a few small containers of crystal meth. J.C. took them and looked them over with the consideration of an expert. You wanted, what, twenty a piece for these? he said with a trace of incredulity. Uh, Miguels voice cracked. Well, I wasI was getting twenty-five. He sounded uncertain. No, man. These are no good. J.C. looked around, smiling at the others in the room, who were watching. These dont look any good. They are too small. You want fifty for all three, he told Miguel. Well, that would be, like, I would be losing So, fifty for all three? J.C. smirked. Ricky and Little D were smirking, too. Miguel remembered the basketball dropping on his face. He felt trapped in this basement, surrounded by people that he couldnt trust, with the threat of violence in the air. Uhyeah, man. Thats okay. Later that night, Ricky and Little D dropped Miguel off early, somewhat drunk, at his house. Everyone inside was asleep. Miguel went around back and woke up his dog with a kick. Miguel thought that it was time for a training session. He was preparing the dog for a hard life.

56 * Six and a half months later Miguel was walking his dog through the neighborhood on a sunny afternoon. He took a right at the end of his block and the dog went left. Miguel had to stop as the dogs bulk twisted the leather strap around his hand. He thought about how solid the dog had become since he had begun training it. Sunlight was pressing down on the street, but eddies of cooling breeze were struggling to rise from ankle level. Across the street, from behind a layer of haze, a woman in her twenties pushing a stroller was waving and smiling to Miguel. He waved back and thought about the woman, who was a neighbor. A slut, yes, he thought, but not bad. A block farther up, a couple kids standing around outside of the liquor store were talking about cars when they saw Miguel and Caesar rolling up. One kid, who had been leaning on the white brick wall against a Colt 45 poster, stepped forward and called out, Yo, Miguel! Miguel changed his course slightly and stepped up to the group of kids, who were a few years younger than he. One kid dropped down on a knee and started to pet the dog. Whats up, man? another asked. Nothing. You know. Miguel scanned the street in front of the store, as if looking for someone else to talk to. Yo, were gonna go up Hectors to go shoot some dice, man. You should come up! Get a little buzz on and lose some money to me. The kid held up a paper bag full of forty-ounce bottles. No, dude, I cant. I got some plans. Anyway, you wouldnt want me to come up there because Id break every single one of you bastards. Youd have to be cashing in your mothers food stamps to pay me. Miguel watched all the kids smile. He said, Later, and pulled Caesar along. The park up the block was carpeted with dead yellow grass and dog shit. As he cut through back up to his house, Miguel was thinking about how much his life had changed since he had bought his dog. Lately, on the block, word must have been getting around about the money he was making. Maybe, he thought, it was just from having the freshest Nautica and Polo gear and the most evil-looking Pit Bull in his neighborhood. He sensed

57 that he was getting more respect now than he ever had, and the thought made him straighten his shoulders under his T-shirt and step with authority across the street. He led his dog though the front gate and up into the house. His father was sitting in the dark, watching TV from the plaid couch. Whats up, Dad. He walked by. Hey, Miguel. He led his dog though the kitchen and out the back door. A few months ago, Miguel had put a piece of corrugated steel across the top of Caesars cage to keep the L.A. sunshine off the dogs back. Once the dog was chained in, Miguel brought it a dish of cool water. The dog lapped at the water violently and sent it splashing. He swallowed a dead fly that had been in the bottom of the dish for a day or more and looked up at Miguel, who was standing in front of the cage with the stick. The dog lowered itself into a defensive position, setting its teeth, ready to attack. Caesar knew what the stick meant. His hot breath began to roll a faint growl. Miguel came into the cage and lowered himself down to the dogs level. His words were just above a whisper. Its okay, Caese. I know you dont like this, but this is what we have to do. He could smell the dogs spit. We got to be hard, Caese. These niggas on the street, they all think that theyre harder than you. Theyre waiting for you to be soft for one second. We got to stay fierce. And crazy. The dog watched his masters eyes. They were familiar and nice, and so was his smell. Caesar was afraid of the stick, which Miguel had leaned up against the outside of the cage, but he knew that his master would protect him from it the best he could. Caesar hated the stick. He hated the chains and the weights, the sticks, the wire hangers, the rope, and all his other tormentors. He loved Miguel, though. He would protect Miguel from any one. A few months before, longer ago than the dog could remember, he had protected Miguel from a gang of kids who had tried to roll on them while they were walking home late one night. Miguel was drunk, coming back from his fathers friend Louiss house. Caesar had growled and thrashed around and the kids had gotten scared and run off. For a week after that, Caesar hadnt seen the stick or the weights. He thought that Miguel must have been trying very hard to keep his tormentors away, to keep him protected even better than usual. Now the stick was back, and he wished that Miguel could do something to stop it, but he knew that he couldnt. Miguels soft words stroked the dogs ear, and he relaxed and braced himself. Miguel stepped back outside of the cage and took up the sharpened

58 broom handle. He shoved it through the wire and started to prod the dogs side. The animal snarled and snapped at the stick. When he came back inside, his sister was coming out of the bathroom. She was wiping her hands on her acid-washed overalls and singing to herself. Hey, Miguel. Did you already take Caesar for his walk? Yeah, we just got back a little while ago. But I wanted to go, too. You should have been awake early, like us. Miguel, when can I take Caesar out for walks all by myself? When you gain about a hundred pounds. You remember when I let you hold his leash that time? Remember how he dragged you up the street to go see Mrs. Joness little rat dog? Why are you still so small? He palmed her head like a basketball. Rosie was getting a carton of orange juice out from the refrigerator. But he likes me. I go out and play with him when hes lonely. I give him food and he licks my face. Miguel wasnt fully listening, sifting through a stack of junk mail on the kitchen table. Standing on a chair, pulling a glass down from the cabinet, Rosie turned to her half-brother. How can I get muscles like you did? Well, do you want to drink those protein shakes like I do everyday? Ewwwww. And lift weights all the time? I lifted them before. Three times. She stared off into space as she overfilled a glass with orange juice. Clean that shit up before your mother sees it. You dont want muscles, anyway. Little hoochies arent supposed to have muscles. Then boys dont want to get with them. He strolled lazily through the house. He heard the TV on and peeked his head into the living room, but the couch was empty. Carla and his father were arguing as Miguel walked by their bedroom toward his own. Inside his room, Miguel took his shirt off and turned on the TV. In front of the mirror, he hooked a couple times like a prizefighter and then crossed his arms over his chest and regarded himself. Not big enough, he thought, not hard enough. There was a light knock at the door. Whats up? He turned away from the mirror. It was Carla, looking tired.

59 Miguel, someone called here last night looking for you. Who? Was it? Listen. I said you werent home, and he asked if I knew where else he could get some speed. Oh, man! Fucking asshole. I bet it was one of those little freaks from Now, Miguel, Im really sick of this shit. You know your father doesnt care, but I do. This is my damn house, too. I will not have drug people calling here talking about illegal shit on my phone! She took out a pack of cigarettes. No No, I wont have it. Im not going to have goddamn cruisers watching my house. She took a long drag. Carla, you know nobody comes here. Hardly no one even knows where I live. He was calm, staring away, looking annoyed. Whatever. Whatever! Forget about the cops. What about these people you are dealing with? Killers. You dont even know. I know, Carla, and I can take care of myself. What about your sister? You want to have people like that around her? He sat down on the weight bench in a beam of smoky sunlight coming through the window. He paused for a moment then faced her and said, Nothing is gonna happen. You guys are safe. Anyway, thats what I bought Caesar for! To protect the family. Oh, you didnt get that dog so you could walk around the neighborhood and look tough? she asked with venomous cheer. What?! Im representing. So, what, youre hardcore now? My brother is dead from thinking he was hardcore, running around with guns, you know that. Miguel, you are not one of these thugs. Thats not you. I remember when I first came here. You used to tell me how much you hated those guys, how you would never try to be like that. He was glaring at her, enraged. Fuck that! All Ive done is take shit from everybody! He had both arms up in a whats up?! gesture. All Ive done is take shit my whole life. Ask my father. He used to have to protect me from kids in this neighborhood. From now on Im not taking shit from anybody. Thats not how it works, Miguel. A dog and some gold dont make Whatever, Carla. I dont want to talk about this dumb shit. He turned up the

60 volume on the TV and lay down on the weight bench. Carla took another drag, then walked out, closing the door carefully behind her. A moment later Miguel heard the faint sound of more arguing coming from the direction of his fathers room. Miguel went out that night with Kim, a high school girl he had met a few weeks before at the swap meet. Down at the park there had been a barbeque earlier in the day, and when Miguel and Kim showed up there were still people hanging around fires and drinking beers. Miguel was greeted with shakes and snaps from ten different kids and a few beers were cracked and presented to him. He watched as some of his friends Pit Bulls chased each other around the picnic area. Damn, man, I should have brought Caesar, he said aloud. If it was here, your dog would be scaring my dog shitless, laughed a baldheaded black kid from Compton. Reggae was coming from someones boom box. Miguel felt at ease. Kim was looking fine, drinking a beer, leaning up against him. He was surrounded by people that respected him. Thats all I wanted, he thought, just some respect. Later that night he went back to Kims and they made love on the couch while her parents were sleeping upstairs. He left feeling happy and slightly buzzed. He unlocked the front door and stepped into the living room. His father and Carla were passed out on the couch, holding each other. There was a mostly empty bottle of gin and some cups on the coffee table in front of them. The TV was still on, loud. Miguel took up the bottle of gin and swallowed the last of it, then stole a couple Newports from Carlas pack. Then he picked up the remote and turned off the TV. Miguels father woke up. Hey, you cigarette-thief, he whispered. Hey, Pops. Did you have a good time with that girl? Oh, man, yeah. That girl is sweet. Theres nothing like a little pussy, his father said, even more quiet, doing his best not to wake up Carla. Did yall do anything tonight? No, your sister went to bed early and me and Carla just drank a little and talked for a while. Did Caesar bark at all?

61 No, he was very well behaved, his father laughed. Miguel, theres some things we need to talk about in the morning. About what youve been getting into. Carla really does not like how youve been acting lately. But we just need to talk to her, okay? Well, whateverin the morning. Yeah, goodnight, Miguel. He headed towards the kitchen. He opened the fridge and looked around for a second, found nothing of interest, and closed the door. As he started across the lawn, he saw that something was not right. Caesar had gotten into something. Miguel could hear the dog gnawing at a piece of meat, but he didnt stop cold until he saw his Bull cracking through the leg bone of his little sisters half-eaten body.

EMERSON BRENEMAN1 I was born on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, where I grew up until my parents were divorced. I moved with my mother to Rhode Island, where I attended elementary and middle school. After my freshman year of high school we moved to Media, PA, where I attended Penncrest High School. After graduation I started traveling every winter season. Since then Ive traveled around the country several times, into Mexico, to Puerto Rico, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Australia, Laos, Cambodia, Viet Nam, India, and around Europe. I spend my summers in Provincetown on Cape Cod, where Ive worked in restaurants, bars, on a clam and oyster farm, in the cranberry bogs, for a concrete foundation building crew, and as the first mate on a whale-watch boat. In 2002 I self-published the first issue of WHITE ANIMAL, a D.I.Y. zine about my travels in Southeast Asia. Since then Ive been working on WHITE ANIMAL as a music and culture webzine (http://www.whiteanimal.blogspot.com). Last year my girlfriend, Genevieve, and I did a round-the-world trip, which we documented with an extensive weblog

62 (http://www.gneexcellentadventure.blogspot.com). This year the adventure will take us to Argentina and around South America. Reflection on The Reign of the Last Caesar I dont remember much about the actual writing of The Reign of the Last Caesar, except that it happened quickly, over the course of a couple nights. I felt that the story could have been longer and I would have liked to expand it, though when I turned it in I found out it was twice as long as it was required to be: I thought the requirement was a minimum of ten pages, and it was. But double spaced, not single spaced as I had written. Basically Caesar was my attempt to sledgehammer home a very simple moral, but I dont exactly remember what that was. I think it had to do with the inherent danger in pursuing personal power at the expense of others. It also had to do with what I saw as a vicious cycle in society: those that are mocked, stepped on, and oppressed all too often come to believe that they really are inferior and go on to try to become like their tormentors, venting their rage at anyoneor thingweaker than they are. This transgression usually goes unpunished and the cycle continues, but I wanted to portray a worst-case scenario. In high school I was really into John Steinbeck, especially the early novels that most people think are oversimplified, or preachy, or too political. I liked the simple, moral stories, which highlighted different aspects of Steinbecks socialist political ideals. At the time, these black-and-white portraits appealed to my own fledgling political consciousness and the view I had of the world around me. I was influenced by the music I was listening to as well. It was a lot of grindcore and power violence hardcore. This is music characterized by sheer brutality and speed. The record sleeves would always have the same aestheticstark black-and-white, just like the moral message the music preached: the government is evil, religion is evil, cops are sadists and bullies, all authority is bad, the force of resistance is always good, and above all that power corrupts. Im sure this message affected mine, as their brief and devastating songwriting affected my writing style. One band in particular called Man is the Bastard was especially influential on me with their messages. Most of their songs dwelt on similar themes. Idjit Child was one

63 about parents who project their self-hate on their children; the song ended with a call for the idjit child thereby created to rise above. Another song called Tyke was based on a true story of an abused and neglected circus elephant who ran amok and killed his masters. These secular, moral messages resonated with me. I decided to write a kind of gangsta story so that it would be widely accessible. I knew it would be available to be read by all the English classes in the grade, so I wanted to make something that would get the attention of even the street-minded kids who might not usually care about literature. My family lived in what passed for the bad neighborhood of Media, and there were a lot of wannabe thugs and smalltime drug dealers there. At the time, some cartoonish rappers like DMX had made having vicious Pit Bulls as pets popular. Some of the kids in the neighborhood had gotten them to show that they were hard. I latched onto that as a good symbol. I was also seeing the usual high-school transformations and changes in the kids around me. Uncool kids were becoming cool, popular kids were falling out of favor, awkward nerdy girls were becoming pretty and sought-after. Some of my friends were making money by selling drugs, making connections in Philly, getting reputations. I was fascinated by how quickly people can change, and how easy it is to forget your old self in order to live up to that new persona. Around this time there was a shocking story about dog-fighting rings in Philadelphia printed in The Philadelphia Inquirer. This article laid out the way in which these dogs, primarily Pit Bulls, were bred and sold secretly and trained with brutal tactics. I used some of these training techniquesthe weights and the beatings and proddingin the story, but others, like mixing gun powder in with the dogs food to make it hateful, I left out because they seemed to too cruel to be real. There were also occasional scare-tactic stories in the press about killer Pit Bulls that mauled babies and children, though I don't think I ever heard of anyone being killed by one. I sat down and wrote the story pretty quickly and then reworked it over the next few weeks. The dialogue came pretty naturally, as did the cinematic point-of-view. I think I was trying to rip off J.D. Salingers style. The way everything is described like its on a screen, and the camera pans and zooms and cuts to different scenes is an imitation of the

64 prose he used in some of his short fiction. The setting of Long Beach, which Ive never been to, was stitched together from gangsta movies like Boys N the Hood, Menace II Society, as well as a documentary I saw on the band Sublime, Lowrider, car magazines, and the music and videos from gangsta rap artists like N.W.A. Some of the scenes in the story were directly inspired by images from videos like Aint Nuthin but a G Thang by Dr. Dre and Snoop Dogg. I had to write the shocking twist ending because those were always the short stories I loved the mostthe devastating ending that makes you rethink everything that came before. A Perfect Day for Bananafish by J.D. Salinger is still one of my favorites. On reading the story now, I guess I cant fault it for being bleak or mean-spirited, because that was my own choice and I suppose thats what I wanted to say at the time. I think that we had spoken about expanding the second half of the story, to better illustrate how Miguels life had changed and how having a Pit Bull was somehow tied into all that. I never got around to writing those new scenes, and on this reading I feel like the story needs it. My worry is that people will read it as a simple being-involved-with-drugs-andgangs-is-dangerous type story. That was not my intention at all. I think if you dont try to read into it, the story might come off as an after-school special. If there was some social problem I was addressing it wasnt gangsta culture, but plain old abuse and neglect, especially that of animals. Aside from a few cringe-worthy lines, I still like the story, though I guess if I featured it in an anthology Id put it next to something a little more lighthearted.

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Teacher Reflection Pop Culture and the News as Inspiration in Emerson Brenemans The Reign of the Last Caesar It might take more than imagination, but empathyand sometimes a little research to write a story about a character living in circumstances that are utterly foreign, not to mention upsetting, to the author. Emerson Breneman creates an utterly convincing protagonist in Miguel, a thoroughly likeable and sympathetic character, who, charmingly, is a victim of his own physical slightnessnothing he can help, of course. Even after Miguel buys a Pit Bull and puts on some muscle, hes still no big shotin fact, hes still the butt of ridicule, and we sympathize with his struggle. From the storys opening details Emerson creates a sense of freedom and unpredictability that is both exhilarating and unnerving, at least to the reader who isnt familiar with such a setting, let alone with young boys like Miguel, who talks openlyeven with his fatherabout doing drugs, fending for oneself, and getting women; his world is alive with energy, and the dog tearing at meat in the back yard isnt shocking to Miguels family, only to the squeamish reader. Thats why its all the more shocking

66 when its the sister, not leftover steak, being mauled in the end. This final twist seems beyond realitytoo cruel to be real, to quote Emerson, who, in his reflection, admits to avoiding some other real-life detail for this very reason. But one need only read the newspapers or watch the nightly news to be reminded that these things happen. The reader need not open his mind to the possibilities of fiction in order to be convinced of such a story, but rather to open his mind to the actualities of reality. Emerson could have softened the blow of the shocking ending, by foreshadowing or even spelling outif not the sisters doom, specifically, then at least some dreadful turn of events. But the truth is that there are clues; after all, this was a dog bred for fighting, a dog that should have been sold by a seller with a license. More important, the jolting finale better reflects reality and, as such, is more true. In the real world the storys ending would inspire the beginning of the news storyperhaps with the headline, Girl Mauled by Pit Bull, and the facts would follow. In fictionat least in Emersons storythe author takes us behindor beforethe shocking headline and gives life to the story. As in many of T.C. Boyles short storiesone is called The Love of My Life, whose basic plot calls to mind the real-life news story of a teenage couple who disposed of their newborn baby in a garbage dumpwhat seems amazing often reflects popular culture and current events. Of course, whether inspiration comes from real-world observation, from personal experience, or from the outer reaches of ones imagination, the writer must make it his job to make the fictional story feel true. These authors create not only convincing storiesout of seemingly outrageous or unspeakable actsbut even likeable, empathetic charactersout of people we might otherwise assume, too conveniently, to be plain psychotic or evilthat is, if we only got the story from the news. Exercise Scan newspaper headlines for stories that seem so horrible, upsetting, or outrageous that the stories seem hard to believe too cruel to be real, too outrageous even for fiction. Reserve your judgment, and write a short storyor even just a character sketchin which you empathize withseeking to understandthe main character, for whom, ordinarily, you might not be able to summon patience, let alone compassion.

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Have-Nots Like Us Joshua Jordan 2000 I cant say why, exactly, but I wanted to erase my foster parents. Id lead them into a field of high grass or something and watch them wander right off a cliff. And I wouldnt miss them. But then I realize theyve never really done anything to me. They just kinda, well, annoy me. Them and their ideals, the way everything has to be backwards. Theyre not mean or anything. In fact, theyre pretty nice to meI cant imagine anyones parents ever being more lenient to their kids than mine. I cant imagine what their parents were like, or imagine they even had parents for that matter. I say this because I think about this a lotin a world where its a wonder that I give half a damn about anything. My real parents used to take us out to the gas station on 252 to get our tree at Christmas. I remember walking around the rows of trees, all leaning up against each other, still with bunches of ice in the middle, holding the thick limbs to the trunk. My kid brother, Ben, would be running around, shaking them and getting ice all down his neck; hed start crying and Id laugh at him. Anyway, wed get the biggest, bushiest doug-fir and have them stick it in that great big machine that wrapped it up. Id always tell Ben hes next in the tree wrapper and hed start crying again. Mom would yell at me and dad would laugh. We strapped that big green shrub of ours to the top of our electric blue 90 Subaru that my old man had taken the liberty of souping up himself, with some shiny rims and a

68 big ol spoiler. He spent an entire summer once grinding the cylinders, polishing ports, and carefully reassembling the engine. He thinks it went faster because of that. If it did or didnt, it was his claim to fame. Anyway, there we are, tearing over the reservoir on 252 in our electric-blue suburbia terror, nine-foot doug-fir on top, blasting Elton John. This is freedom. Chrome-wheeled, fuel-injected freedom. Now Bob and Joan take us out a million miles into nowhere, PA, with a hacksaw and some thick-ass gloves that still do nothing for your hands. We scour around like freakin lunatics looking for the always-inconspicuous trophy of our hunt, which usually turns out to be some scraggly, shameful little wretch of a tree. Meanwhile, youre fighting the battle of your life against frostbite while Bob keeps yelling, Now! Aint this livin? Benny and I used to go sledding in the quarry in our old hometown. This monument of man-made fun, every kid and his mom was there on a toboggan taking the suicide splurge over near the granite cliffs. Nowadays, we got the backwoods delight, where if you dont get lost in the forest, you freeze your ass off and die. Aint this livin? I hate living in the woods. Well, it aint exactly deep forest, but it might as well be. For the ten neighbors we might have had in this zip code (if they even deliver mail here), only one of thems my age. We dont have TV. We dont have a computer. I have to steal a newspaper from school to find out whats going on in this damn country. One advantage Im seventeen and have been driving for over five years now on my own; like I said, if my foster parents are anything, its lenientor just dont care at all. But they talk a lot, especially at dinnertime, about this crazy stuff like political freedom and why God might not exist. They always agree with each other, but it always seems like they argue, so then I take a side and then things go crazy. They cant seem to deal with the fact that, yes, I think there is a God (and, no, not because my parents dragged me to church every week), and that Im satisfied with the way the country is run and the way people live. All they wanna do is up and run away from whatever it is they think is driving this world down the tubes. They wanna fly away and settle down in some big ol house in the woods, with no TV and no computer, and chop their damn tree down in nowhere, PA, and take us sledding down freeze-your-ass-off-mountain. And look where it got them. Look where it got me. This aint living. This is bullshit. My foster parents are all about attaching meaning to everything I say and do.

69 Maybe thats what makes me want them out of the picture. They catch me this one time with an eighth and this piece I made from blown glassand instead of the furious lecture, I get this explanation from Joan of why she completely understands. The desire to escape and all this shit. She says she went through the same thing. Surewent through. I do it because its something to do. Same reason I go hit pinecones at the house with a bat or see how long it takes spit to fall off the quarry cliffs. Im just bored as all hell, thats all. Im really starting to like Ben a lot. He used to be a pain in my ass, but hes learning to take advantage of Bob and Joan. I guess its because he was four when they took us in. What Im liking is the way hes taking after me and saying stuff that Id normally say. Get thishes got the flu the other week and shes all pampering to his every need. Yeah, you know, maybe they can still keep lil Benny the model flower child. Anyway, he was almost better and still bossing her around. The damn kid milked a common cold for a week. She leaves the room and hes all, Yeah, know your place. I looked at that boy and laughed my ass off for about ten minutes. We both did. What a riot. The kids learning well. He knows he can use them for just about anything he wants. Well, except anything invented in the last fifty years. I overheard my fosters talking about us the other dayif theres an advantage to this old house, its the way you can hear stuff through the vents. She says, Hun, what is it with Tyler? I dont know if he takes in a word weve said in the past six years. And Bob, the Freudian wonder, says, Well, the boy had an obvious connection to his parents, especially his mother. Yeah, but its like he started growing up way too fast when he started over. Leave it to Joan to say something like that Well, what do you think we can do, or should do? I guess nothing. Its just I dont know. Id like to see Benjamin turn out different than his brother. I mean, I do think hes on his way. Shows how much they know. It really surprised me they actually cared this much. You dont think hes into drugs, too, do you? Bob said. Now, dear, hes ten years old.

70 Well, I guess he can tell right from wrong. That sparked Joans attention. What a damn idiot. So then she goes off, asking, Who are we to tell him right from wrong? You complete human wasteland. You are everyone to tell him that. Bob concedes, Well youre right. We can show him the door but not open it, she finishes for him. This conversation pissed the hell outta me. I dont really give a rats ass what they have to say about me. It kinda bothered me theyd let my kid brother smoke pot. It was like theyre taking the wheel of our old Subaru, like were going right past the gas station on 252 out into the woods. It pissed me off that they had actually thought about this stuff. And what pissed me off the most is how Benny was turning out like some damn science experiment of these washed-out hippies. So I do have people I talk to back in the real world. My friend Jesse lives in my old town and we talk every once in a blue moon. He tells me about his car and this computer, the new-fangled things Id kill to get my earth-worn hands on. With 600 MHz processors and 2.8-liter straight-six engines, and a shit-toad of other worldly wonders. And Im so damn Jealous. I tell him about what? Evergreen? Hey, Jesse, I saw eight squirrels yesterday! Bullshit. I have nothing. I remember Jesse has this concrete drain chute running through his back yard that drains the whole neighborhoods runoff water. So every time we get some rain, the chute becomes this raging torrent that we used to play in. One time, Jesse, probably nine at the time, stuck his arm in and got sucked down the chute, laughing his ass off the whole way. I was worried at first, but then I was half tempted to do it myself, seeing how much fun this kid was having. He made his way out the creek it dumped into about a hundred yards or so down, knees bloody and all, laughing with hysterical excitement, half in shock and pain, half in joy. Thats what life is all about when youre having too much fun to notice the blood drizzling from your scraped-up knees. I havent so much as broken a single bone since Ive been out in the boonies. Im wasting the damn best years of my life. Well, I havent been totally honest so far. Theres a reason I wanted to stay. And of course, its a girl. I mean, theyre already 99% of the problem. Sure, Ill probably sound like every other sad sap in the world saying that Im never gonna find anyone like

71 her againbut Im not. Her familys real rich and moved about five miles away from me, in this development, in some wildly conspicuous mowed-down square of former forest. See, thats where I wanna live. Some artificial villa of former rain-forest thats becoming a bustling suburb of some high-tech new city, where the moon looks pink from all the pollution were putting out, powering our coin sorters and Cuisinarts. Well, this girl lived in a white house with white walls and had a white dog. Shes two years younger than me, and drop-dead gorgeous, in this weird cute way. She had a cute little foul mouth, like she felt all big using the nasty ol F-word. Wed watch movies at her house and play some lame-ass video games and all the things I missed dearly from the real world. She probably thinks I fell in love with her. There was something in the way she talked, acted, complained, about everything. I wanted to change the world so it didnt hurt her anymore, even though it probably didnt even hurt her at all. I didnt need her to love me. I didnt need to love her. I just needed her to keep me from going completely crazy. Thats just what she did. Cmon, she was my best friend and thats just what I needed her to be. And it was all my fault. My entire damn fault. For the longest time, I blamed her for everything, how we were best friends and gradually faded until I couldnt even bring myself to try to win her over anymore. So, then, I kept telling myself, well, dont be mad, think how good itll feel to forgive her. It didnt feel good. It was like the worst thing Ive ever felt. Walking away from her was the hardest thing Ive ever done. But, whatever, you move on. Well, until life throws you an awkward curve, at least. Turns out I didnt have to get rid of my fosters. I was taking Ben home from school one day and instead of the formidable fortress of limestone and wood, its an even more imposing tower of flame and thick white smoke. Thats the first time Ive ever been in complete awebefore this cliff of fire. Benny lost his shit and started screaming his little head off, My stuff! My stuff. I dont know what the hell he was talking about; all we got are some clothes and books. He kept trying to get near the house, and I watched his little body drop to its back, overcome by thick waves of white heat. I squinted my eyes, my head throbbing with bright pain and flames. I dropped to my knees and cried. Now do not take this in stride, for I did not cry when my parents died six years ago. But I cried now, not for my clothes or books, but for some weird reason I imagined my real parents being in that house. That Id finally been

72 there when they died, the exact moment my life turned into the dead-end quest for nothing. There were times I truly hated them for dying. I thought of my parents; I thought of my little brother and the girl down the street. Just as though I were under a blanket that didnt reach my toes, I curled up into a ball on the grass. I waited for either some sign from God or just Mother Earth to swallow me right there. As for my fosters, something tells me they werent in the house when it went up. Maybe theyd caught on to us, me and Ben, who we were gonna be. Maybe theyre on their way to freakin Canada, to get even farther away from the hustle and bustle of the world that disgusts them so much. All I know is they didnt die that day. I dont know how I know it, probably the same way I know God is up there on some cloud, laughing his ass off at all this. Things are looking a lot different to me now. I feel like maybe Joan was right when she was saying that stuff about me growing up all of a sudden. Its like, I feel like Im back in the past, but as a different person. I get this same feeling all the time anymore. Its nothing in particular, just something like that feeling you get breathing through your nose on a real cold day. Reminds you of last winter, right? Well, thats it. Everything that happens reminds me of the last time it happened. We were leaving the other day, me behind the wheel of the 78 Jeep Wrangler Bob must have found under some rock somewhere, Ben asleep next to me, following the police into town. It was sort of ironic that every time I wanted to go anywhere around here I had to pass the girls house twice going out and coming back. So we passed her house for the millionth timebut for the first time probably ever, I didnt look over. Didnt even occur to me till about ten more miles down the road. Anyway, I got plans now for me and Ben. I see us finding our way back to our hometown. I wanna get a computer and a cable TV, tons of loud electronic equipment, enough inane gizmos that Im only gonna have to get off my lazy ass twice a day. Ive quit smokingnot really a decision, but I just got more stuff to do now. Ben and I have always been a work-in-progress, and I have this feeling we wont have too much trouble getting off the ground here. I love my brother as much as I ever loved anything, so Im not letting it happen any other way. I mean, the system has the greatest remorse for have-nots like us. For the first time in six years, Im starting to notice how clear the sky is at night out

73 here, and how many stars there really are out there. Its a wonder how many things you miss when youre too distracted. Im sure ol Bob and Joan would be proud of me, all making it on my own, looking after my kid brother. But, theyre long gonetheyre as lost as their cause. Ive been right here knee-deep in it since day one. Sometimes I have to step back and relax for a minute, because these days I feel like Im seeing everything I missed all at once. So right here and now we got a 78 Wrangler, some cash in hand, and the skys the limit.

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JOSHUA JORDAN My drawings and prose first appeared on caf napkins and collection envelopes in Catholic churches in the late 1980s. I have since been a nomadic public school student, and a writer for hire, in spirit, and by addiction, receiving scattered and polarized praise from the professional, religious, and academic communities on much of the eastern U.S. coast. I am enrolled in colleges every other year; I am currently a high school track coach in the afternoons and truck driver and fix-it man for a glass company in the mornings. I live in central Philadelphia with three friends from high school and a cat. I drive a 1990 Subaru. Reflection on Have-Nots Like Us I wrote Have-Nots Like Us in the spring of 2000for ten hours, all at once, with a high fever. It was the first honest, non-sarcastic thing I ever wrote. I would not feel the desire (or, really, even learn how) to read or write honestly and non-sarcastically until at least a full year later; still, my high school set and setting are important when I consider why and how I write what I write today. I was seventeen and had just begun to realize how optional going to school, or doing anything, really was. I hated readingI skimmed maybe half of the literature assigned in school and read almost nothing else apart from brightly illustrated books on modern physics, Matt Groenings comic collections, and a page here and there from uplifting New Age booklets my mother had bought on impulse at Borders and piled next to our toilet. The day I spent writing this story was fueled by a specific, precious presence of mind and heart that had been buried since I was about six years old. This story is probably three separate autobiographical and biographical memories, with names barely changed. There is a Jesse, and he still lives in Media, PA. There is a girl that lived in a mowed-down forest square, and I was very upset over her. Her name was Alexa. I was driven and eager to write like the ghost of Holden Caulfield, as I imagine many resentful teenagers arebut I hadnt even read The Catcher in the Rye,

75 only acted like I had, to be convincing in my cynicism in front of high school teachers. My desire (or Tylers desire) for mental freedom was a caricature inspired by the popular intellectual works of the Other Side of human experience, the side of thoughts I have since decided to call more lucid than others. I had recently been exposed to movies like American Beauty and Fight Club, clanky and ethereal music from the Talking Heads and the Beatles, the accessible literary edges of Existentialism, and many other things that I decided were all knowledge-I-had-been-born-knowing. Now, as a twenty-three year old, explaining my storywhich was a tribute to my personal muses as much as it was a real moment of joyful storytellingI cant claim to be any more accomplished at explaining the importance of things I find important. I can claim, however, that, since twelfth grade, making my poetic points less transparent has become my struggle whenever I try to be a writer. Since high school Ive cared enough about passing along insight to get very concerned with my discipline and delivery, thinking that my goal should be to illuminate the subtlety and nakedness of personal secrets and to classify the smells of being in love, and so Ive often been frustrated hard and heavy over how fleeting and volatile the glimpses of that goal always are. Have-Nots Like Us is filled with lifted song lyrics and someone elses thoughts, but the confidence written in it is what redeems it to me now. I think its amateur but valuable, one of the more clear, direct discussions Ive had internally about certain struggles: to try to pass something on to your parents once theyve decided that theyre your parents; to discuss what does and doesnt help when one struggles to love a boy or girl romantically; to struggle for freedom and still admit the need for things; and to face the frightening realization of ones freedom and find decisive confidence in using it wisely. These themes certainly dont matter, even if they applyIve thought about them all since then (in different contexts), but I wrote about them most successfully when I had no agenda, and in that specific twelfth-grade moment, I was wholly ignorant to themes, or even to the actual story I might have been telling. One year later, I was unwelcome at home, unwelcome at Penn State University, and unwelcome at several drug stores from which I was chased by police for shoplifting cough syrup. I read Kerouac, Burroughs, Ginsberg, Kesey, Blake, and I lived in a hammock by a lake on a lost little piece of land in suburban Philly. I learned a lot from

76 those few writers, how to capture in prose the urge to make love or the urge to throw up, how silly even the smartest Buddhas are, and the value of pseudonyms in writing ones own non-fiction. I also lived in Vermont, Japan, hitchhiked through California with enough money to make the trip on my own, all the while writing in small notebooks. I wrote volumes, a lifes worth, up all night on Benzedrine, Dexedrine, Methyl-this-or-that, just like my heroesproclaiming the sudden completeness and heartbreaking happiness of normal people and normal life, and I eventually had a full manifesto for the fall and rise of the human experiment. My writing was my behavior: lustful, loving, erratic, schizophrenic, serendipitous, and arrogant. Many quasi-friends I lost, from singing too loudly at night, or from telling their parents how much they could be better parents, but with a few friends I became permanently pairedand together in Portland, Vancouver, Tokyo, New York City, we are still integrating, writing, studying the sciences, getting resourceful, and scraping the bottom of the river we found as writers in 2001. A friend told me: in order to live in a world filled with people, one must project outwards the parts of people she truly admires. I think that in order to write for a world filled with people, one must do almost exactly the samebut, in writing, one has the freedom to be self-conscious, bitter, horny, amnesic, dirty, paranoid, or just lost and miserable; whats more, one can learn to love people for being equally pitiful when hes not writing. I have no explanation for why I have found this sort of empathy most in writing, rather than through sex or drugs or family vacations; writing always connects, and that's why I write when I write rather than do something else. Writing is the only absolute way Ive found to speak with any single person and be able to say this fellow is one of my lot, no matter how much I might (in weaker moments, of much less calm and human clarity) stay away from potheads, republicans, or college students.

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Teacher Reflection The Sympathetic Rant in Joshua Jordans Have-Nots Like Us Nobody wants to listen to someone whining and complaining all the time; and yet Holden Caulfield, the narrator of J.D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye, is a complainer of the first order, as well as one of our most beloved literary charactersand most imitated, as Josh Jordan confesses. Why do we love Holden, and even seek to imitate his voice, in spite of his disagreeable disposition? One reason may be that for all of his complaining not to mention hypocrisyhe is, perhaps unwittingly, funny, as he points out the shortcomings of those around him. He is also a romantic, who fantasizes about living simply, away from the cruelty of modern lifeor away from the lifestyle embodied in the adults surrounding him; he goes to great lengths to preserve and hold on to innocent, beautiful thingsand peopleas they are. We recognize his fantasies as the mark of immaturity even as we root for him, not for him to achieve his fantasies, but to survive reality once he accepts it. Like Holden Caulfield, Josh Jordans protagonist, Tyler, rails against phonies, many of whom are adults, and, in effect, cries out for more conservative valuesnot what wed expect from the typical angry young man, a dismissive label too easily attached to the Holden Caulfields (and Tylers) of the world. These boys arent avoiding their parents because they want to live recklessly, without supervision; quite to the contrary: theyre avoiding their parentsand adults in generalbecause, in their eyes, their parents are living recklessly and failing to provide the necessary supervision for their children. Driving this point home in Have-Nots Like Us is the wonderfully ironic twist when it is the stepparents who run away from the kids, not the kids from their parents. Have-Nots Like Us is funny, in a dark way, just as The Catcher in the Rye is even if their narrators dont intend to be funny, even if we arent laughing out loud. In a way, the narrative approach of both Salingers oft-imitated novel and Joshs story, is a rant

78 or a story in the form of a rant; not coincidentally, the approach of standup comedians is often a rantthat is, they complain about the failures of society in such a way that draws us into their worldview. Often our laughter depends on a familiarity with the subject matter. A comedian can earn the audiences sympathy merely by asking, Have you ever noticed? winning nods of approval, and even laughter, before coming out with the punch line. If we shake our heads nowe havent ever noticedwe probably wont laugh, no matter what punch line follows. The truth is that listening to a complainer can be a joy, especially when the complainer has a vision of the world that we identify withand its all the more a joy when the complainer makes us laugh, whether he intends to be funny or not. Exercise Write a short storyor a monologuein the form of a rant, from the point of view of a character whose worldview is complicated yet sympathetic. Give him a specific complaint, rooted in a personal experience that inspires the telling of the story.

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Primal Scream Therapy Laurie Beth Rines 2000 I used to talk the way everyone wanted me to. They would say, Mari, hey, howre you doing? I would smile my saccharine-sweet smile and I would reply, Im doing really well, Pretty good, Im hanging in there, Good, and yourself? I wouldnt say what I was really feeling. I would answer, they would answer, wed pretend like we just shared a moment or something, when really we were just repeating verbatim the litany we had been taught off of television. One of the days before I ended up here, I started being honest. Im lonely as hell, Oh, I stopped sleeping. I just stare at the walls now. And they would stop and smile, their equilibrium disrupted, and go on their way. I would see one lean over to the other and hiss, Man, shes cracking. Can you blame her? Id be fucked up too. * Marjorie, this other girl in here, is recovering from a coke habit that she inherited off of her mother. Daddy got her a Volvo instead of a BMW. Shes one of those annoying pristine types who took a linguistics class once and feels the need to always correct your fucking grammar when youre talking to her. Actually, its not pronounced sherbert. Its just sherbet. Theres no extra r. People just throw it in there. I listen to her preach to me about how English is being corrupted and changed, and I want to scream at her as loud as I can: Its evolution, you stupid bitch, why are you fucking with evolution! But I dont. Recovering junkies are fairly lethargic in comparison to recovering coke fiends.

80 This place is a fairly crunchy sort of place. My grandmother didnt want me to go to some bullshit detox where they would get me off of heroin by hooking me up to methadone, creating an even nastier habit. I had two weeks in almost solitary while the junk was cleaned out of my body. The nurses would come into my narrow little cell and hand me little brown herbal pills and then leave me. I was allowed one five-minute phone call a day. I was allowed one visitor a day. Not that I did either of those things in the first few days of cold turkey. I mostly foamed at the mouth. Now Im here. In group therapy with all my fellow fuck-ups. The recovering addicts. The anorexics and bulimics, all together to examine our problems. Most of us are trying to recover from the fact that we wont ever reach perfection. That its all fucking bullshit. That I can take speed so that Ill never have to sleep again but Ill still never get all my shit done. That I cannot eat for three years and Ill still look like a short, Irish Catholic girl who doesnt get enough sun. Most of the girls sit around between group therapy sessions and have giant pissing contests about whose daddy is richer and whose summer cottage has more bathrooms. I mostly keep to myself. I could buy and sell each of them eleven times over but I keep silent. I hear you were a junkie, one nondescript blonde said to me once. Do you have AIDS? Unfortunately, no, is usually my response to this question. * One of the great things they have here is this exercise that I can only compare to those primal scream therapies that John Lennon was into in the seventies. When its your turn you choose girls from the group to stand up and play characters from your life. And they just stand there while you say to them everything you were always too chicken-shit to say to your real family. This one girl, Jessica, chooses me to be her mother. You stood there! You stood there while he did that to me Thats another standard line. Most people hate their mothers.

81 I hate my father. My mother is dead. * When I was little I used to imagine that I was just a figment of my twin sister Julias imagination. I had the bottom bunk of one of those red metal bunk bed sets and I would lie awake and listen to her breathe while I wondered if I was really real at all. She just invented me one day because she was bored of being an only child. It was a comforting thought to a four-year-old who had just been introduced to the concept of death. If I werent real then I would never die. Ideas dont die, people do. Then Julia died. * How are you doing, dear? My grandmother kisses me on the cheek and hands me daisies, thirteen daisies, wrapped in clear cellophane spruced up with sprigs of babys breath. Im sitting Indian-style in a pair of plaid pajama pants and an old Gin Blossoms Tshirt in a red vinyl armchair. She keeps staring at the red track marks scabbed over on my arms. The nurse told me they were going to scar. At the time I didnt care. Now that I see my grandmother staring at them the way she is, Im terrified. Im not sleeping very well. Its noisy here. My stomach hurts. Thats the thing. In here they teach you to be assertive. When people ask a question from here on in, theyre getting a fucking honest answer. Your older brother, Bryan, is flying in in two weeks to come visit you. Thats cool. My older brother is twenty-nine. Hes the by-product of my immigrant fathers wild teen years. Julia and I were byproducts of his yuppie Miami Vice years. I see Bryan about once a year. He lives in Ireland. Its bizarre to have someone so closely related to you speak so differently. I saw Penny Hunter today at the florist, she was asking about you. Whatd you tell her?

82 I told her you were on the road to recovery. I have to smile at that. Its next to impossible to communicate with my grandmother, a woman who spent her life on the outskirts of Syracuse, a woman who hasnt experienced in sixty-two years what Ive experienced in sixteen. Shes telling me about how she saw the greatest old movie on Turner Classics last night and I want to scream at her that the only movies I saw in the past two years were watched off of a stolen TV and VCR. That I dont give a fuck about Katherine Hepbum or Gary Grant or what a sin it is that River Phoenix died so young. I held my fourteen-year-old sisters head while she died. Thats a sin. Its a sin when someone you love dies, not when a fucking movie star dies. My grandmother keeps talking, and I start to cry. Marianna, Marianna, oh, babyshhh Next thing I know Im a wet shaking mess in her arms while she hums that song she used to sing to me whenever I cried when I was younger. Hush little baby, dont say a word Thats all I really wanted. For her to shut her mouth and really take care of me. People keep talking at me, but no one is listening. * Its my sixth Tuesday in this place and now its my turn for primal scream. I choose this red-haired girl, Sophie, to be my sister. Sarah is my father, Rebecca my mother, Marjorie is Bryan. They stand there, completely emotionless and motionless while I scream. I get inches from their faces and scream that they never loved me, if they cared they would never have left me. That Im a junkie because of them. That Im an alcoholic because of them. That Im destined to a lifetime of AA and NA meetings because of their negligence. They tell me I have a fear of abandonment and a tendency to project my problems onto others.

83 I tell them I already know that. They sent me here for a cure, not for redundant diagnosis. Thats probably the one thing I truly hate about this place with its pink linoleum floors and white walls with Mary Cassat prints. The fucking psychobabble. This, this primal scream stuff, this is what they should devote all of their time to. But when its over and Im crying on the floor and everyone else is either watching horrified or standing in their stoic poses, all I can think about is how nice it would be to shoot up and pretend like this was all a bad dream or something. * Its my eighth Wednesday here. The flowers from my grandmother are dying. The nurse told me that I should hang them upside down in front of my window so theyll dry out. Then Ill be able to keep them around. I tell her I have enough corpses following me around without adding daisies to the roster. She smiles and tells me that if I dry them out theyll be fragrant and beautiful for years. The flowers are dying in the vase when I leave my room to catch a smoke in the smoking lounge before my afternoon private conference with my shrink. The one addiction thats allowed in here. Everyone crowds into the little smoking room with its Goodwill sofas and black-and-white television set. They try to make the smoking room as unappealing as possible to keep people from really wanting to go inside. But they dont outlaw smoking on the premises. That would be downright inhumane. Im expecting to be alone in the smoking room since most of the other girls are either in group sessions or at visiting hours with their families. But there is a single girl there, smoking on the green plaid lazyboy with the stuffing coming out of the side. She nods at me and smiles hello. I nod and smile back. I know her. Shes usually in my group, but every other night shes with the anorexics. I was here two days when she came in looking like the walking dead like most of us do.

84 Geraldine Grace. Ginny for short, she told us, and as she spoke at the first few meetings where she confessed a two-and-a-half-year-long speed habit that inspired her to start a six-month-long cocaine habit. Her mother had no idea until her chronic nosebleeds got out of control. Ginny was little more than a skeleton when she came in. Id say shes put on about ten pounds since shes been here. She is puffing on Newports with her knees pulled to her chest. Whats up? Didnt have any visitors today. Yeah, me neither. Ginny is one of those types that whenever they talk to you youre shocked to see that theyre actually paying attention to you. She stares right into your eyes with genuine concern and the next time you see her shes asking about how youre doing, remembering things you barely even remember telling her. Today shes staring at me with eyes that have a new emotion behind them. I light one of my Marlboros. Shes still staring. Pretty intense the other night at group. My lips part in surprise. Shes talking about Primal Scream. No ones supposed to talk about Primal Scream. Shes breaking the rules. I know Im not supposed to talk about it. I just think thats just such a bullshit rule, you know? I think that we all should just be able to talk about these things. It just seems bogus to let it all explode out of you without ever talking about it again. I take a drag and stare at the blank television screen. I dont want another psychiatrist. Thats just what I think anyway. I look at Ginny, so self-assured in her little yellow tank top that reveals her protruded shoulder blades, so willing to talk to a perfect stranger, just to avoid silence. You know what I hate about this place? I ask her. Huh?

85 People always feel the need to talk so fucking much. Its a direct shot at her and she sees it as such. She raises an eyebrow at me. I have to say, I think thats bullshit, Marianna Doyle. Do you? Yeah, I do. Suddenly, Im liking this whole assertive crap a whole lot less. It seems to me youre afraid of talking, she says. Im almost done my cigarette. You see, you come here, you pull this whole crap in group whenever anyone talks to you about how worthless it is to communicate. You completely shut yourself off from everyone in here and then you explode like you did the other night at role play. I have no idea why shes saying all this. Why she seems so angry and hurt when really Ive barely said more than three words in a row to her. Like the other night when Karen asked you if you were HIV positive. Granted, it was a rude question It was a fucking rude question. Im not denying that! But youre in the habit of giving these cryptic answers and then getting all bent out of shape when people dont understand you! So, what, you spend a few weeks in therapy and you feel like youre qualified to analyze me? I long for five minutes ago when all I was thinking about was my cigarette. No. There is a silence for a moment and Im thankful for it as I take the final drag off my cigarette. Shes still staring at me with that look that I cant diagnose. How did your sister die? Again, Im startled by her tactlessness. I stare at her. You seem guilty, you know? Not that Im not, she said. I mean, were all carrying guilt around. What are you guilty for? Just the hell that Ive put my family through with all of this. The fact that I

86 probably fucked up my younger brothers and sisters royally from watching how dysfunctional I am. Huh. I reach for another cigarette. I dont normally smoke two in a row, but seeing as Im being roped into conversation, Im thinking that another cigarette could be my ally. And were all angry too. My eyes are burning. Ive been crying so much lately. They keep telling me that its okay to cry. I dont cry for two years and in here I cry all day long. And this Ginny chick keeps baiting me. Im not about to fucking pour my heart out to someone whos just as screwed up as I am. But shes waiting for an answer. Hit and run. A car? A Volkswagen. Did you see it happen? I was fighting with my dad. I was fucked-up. He started screaming at me. I told him that I wanted to die, that I was going to kill myself. So I ran out of the house and across the street. She ran after me. Impact. Suddenly its all too vivid in my memory. Her body twisted in the middle of the road. The stunned face of the teenage driver who pauses for a minute, then puts the car in reverse and drives around us. My sisters blank eyes as she takes her final shallow breaths. I dont know why I told her. I dont even know why Ive stayed this long. Ginny says something about how sorry she is. I know she means it, but I can see in her eyes as she puffs on her menthols that shes trying to figure out exactly how she wants to respond. Do you miss your sister? I dont answer. When someone dies, its okay to keep talking about them. I meanIm not sure exactly what I mean. Its just I consider slipping out of the room while she continues to stutter. Everyones gonna die one day. You dont have to be scared.

87 I hate it when people act like they know me. This is just me, she goes on. You know, Ive had tons of time to sit down here and just think things through. And its like my entire life Ive blamed the fact that Im obsessed with dieting on my mother because she stressed shit like boyfriends and pretty dresses, and I said that the media did it to me. And I guess thats all part of it, I mean, I know it was. But, you know, I share some of that. I cant blame it all off of me. I dont shoulder the blame. But I know that Im the one who has to fix it. I stand up. Its been real, Ginny, but Ive really got to be going to therapy. Neither of us says goodbye. * I was twelve when my mother killed herself. She was one of those eccentric, freespirited types who wore long floral-printed dresses and plastic flip-flops all year long. I always knew she was a bit off kilter, but I loved her. She was my mother. So there I was, twelve years old, thrust into the home of my father and his new wife. The father who left us when Wall Street lost the glamour it once held for him. Thats when I started drinking with the sixteen-year-old next door. Thats when I would scream at him that he murdered my mother. Man, I wish you wouldnt say that to Dad, Julia would say to me as I lay face down on the bathroom floor. She always defended him. She always defended me. I often wondered how someone so mild could have shared the same womb with me. Hes an asshole, I would respond. I would scream, I would stay out to all hours of the night just to see his reaction, but I would never cry. Then there was the time I didnt come home for two days. The first time that I ever shot-up. He was waiting for me when I got home. I wanted to hurt him; I wanted to hurt myself. But instead, I killed my sister. Ginny is examining me with that fucking look again. I pick up an issue of Good Housekeeping and sink farther down into my chair. And the next night, when I was sober and my father was towering over me, when

88 all I wanted to do was crawl into my sisters bed and die, he screamed at me. Are you happy? Are you happy! he kept screaming. My stepmother was pulling on his shirt, begging him, Gregory, please, please! And he hit me. And I held my bleeding nose and I screamed back, that it was him, it was him, not me, who started all of this. That I would have been more than happy to be with my mother in Tarrytown, but he drove her to it by leaving her alone with no money, by cutting her off from her old friends, by spreading lies. And he told me that my mother had been a crazy whore, and that I was exactly like her. I kept screaming that he was a killer, that he killed my mother and then my sister. As God as my witness, Marianna, I would give my own life to have seen you taken away in that body bag rather than Julia. I left the next day. And now, instead of thinking that Ill be seeing my father in two days, Im thinking about what Ginny said, because shes right fucking next to me, and she keeps staring. And every time that she lifts an arm up too high, I can see her ribs sticking out of her belly, and I know that shes just like me. * Im sitting on my bed in my little room staring at all the get-well cards that all the people I used to know in Tarrytown were sending me. The daisies are brown, but I still have them in the vase. Im waiting for my brother and Im nearly chewing my hand off Im so scared. The nurse comes in with him behind her. Hes holding half a dozen pink roses. More flowers. I dont know why people keep buying me flowers. Dont they know that what I need is some permanence, that Im sick of all the beautiful things in my life dying? Hes wearing a brown rugby shirt and a pair of green cargo shorts with a Mets cap, and for the first time in months I feel a genuine rush of happiness. I jump up and hug him. He looks exactly the same, and I can hardly believe hes on the threshold of thirty.

89 Ah, Marianna, girl, I missed you! Hes laughing in his Irish way that sends me into near hysterical tears. Baby, why are you crying? Oh, God, I missed you! Well, then, dont cry! Lets sit down and have a proper visit! Hes so at ease with himself as he settles across from me on a white wicker chair. He asks me how Im doing, and then listens to my stories with the same wide-eyed sincerity of Ginny and Julia. And Im so blown away by his sincerity that before I know it Im hysterical again. He rubs my shoulder. Shhhh Hes looking at me as if trying to gauge my reaction to the next bit of information. Dads coming tomorrow. I nod. I know. Hes devastated about all of this, you know. I wipe my eyes that didnt cry for two years and now cant seem to get enough of this once shameful practice. Its okay to express your emotions, all the nurses and counselors always tell me. I wonder how Bryan can sit there defending our father, the man who abandoned both of us and our mothers, the Christmas and Easter father. He can go fuck himself. Shhh, dont say things like that. He rubs my shoulders and talks gently about how Dads not such a bad guy. I mean, its amazing. I take the bait. Whats amazing? You and Dad are practically the same person. We are not! You are! Same temper, same talent, same way of speaking. Its uncanny. Thats probably why you cant stand each other. Im staring at my lap and he kneels on the floor and looks up at me so I cant ignore his eyes that are so full of sympathy and teasing anymore. He looks so much like my father. We all look the same. Julia, Bryan and I all had the same hair and eyes and skin. Now, how about I put these roses in that vase, so they dont dry out?

90 I nod and he goes about taking the roses out from their clear cellophane and trying to arrange them amidst the dead daisies. You shouldve been a florist, Bry. He stays for another half an hour before the nurse comes in and tells him that I have to go to counseling so they can prep me for tomorrows therapy session with my father. Bryan kisses me goodbye. Im staring at the flowers. The pink ones that I know will be dead in a week and the white ones that are already dead. The nurse comes in and tells me how lucky I am to have all of these beautiful flowers. I smile. Well, there you go. Now, Mari, I dont think I have ever seen you do that before! The flowers have filled my whole room with odor. The sun is shining onto my bed with the starchy white sheets. But Im detached from all of that and Im thinking about my father. About how Bryan says were exactly the same. Its all seeming a little clearer. Like how Ginny says were all angry and were all guilty. The flowers are beautiful. Im thinking that I should do what the nurse said, that I should hang them upside down and keep them. * The next day Im sitting in the smoking room when Ginny creeps in. Hey, she greets me pleasantly. Hi. Why so sullen? Im nervous. Dads coming today? Yeah. She lights one of her menthol cigarettes. Yeahwhen? An hour. She doesnt say anything because we both know that she doesnt have to. Its just that I havent seen him since the day after Julia died.

91 I dont think Ive ever said that out loud before. Julia died. And the guilt that I used to feel is replaced by a more stinging and acute one: the guilt that I left my father. Not that he left me, but that I left him when what he really needed was family. That when all either of us needed was the other, we fought like little children whose mothers never taught them how to grieve. Who knew what death was but never really understood what loss was until theyd lost everything. What are you thinking? I remember Ginny and I smile. Id better go. Hell be here soon. She smiles. Good luck. You gonna be okay? I dont know. I go out into the hallway. I turn the comer to my room, thinking that I just want some water before he comes. Im so thirsty all of a sudden. Then I see him coming down the hall towards me. I stop. He hasnt recognized me yet. Its been two years, and girls change a lot from fourteen to sixteen in normal circumstances, let alone the extreme one that my father and I find ourselves in. Hes carrying more pink roses. He sees me, and for the first time in two years I see my fathers face. Hes aged. The wrinkles about his eyes have become more defined. He used to have only pinches of gray hair on his temples and now there are only streaks of auburn left. We walk towards each other but stop before we get too close. His lips part, and I know that he wants to greet me, but hes choked. Im taken back to our last meeting and I see the rage in his eyes and feel the sensation of blood seeping out of my nose and the taste of it on my lips. I brought you these flowers. He has the same brogue as my brother. He holds out the flowers and I accept them with a quiet thank you. I remembered that you alwaysthat you were always partial to pink when you were a little girl. He is stuttering inanities, and I dont think either of us knows where to begin talking. I dont know how to tell him that Im ready to forgive him, that I want a father and I want to be a daughter again. Your brother, he told me that you weregetting better.

92 Hes crying. He tries to laugh in that ironic way that people do when theyre trying to disguise how close to hysteria they are. Were silently staring at each other and theres so much I want to say to him. I want him to know I dont blame him anymore. Im so tired of being angry. I want to go home, Dad. He nods. I want you to come home too. And here we are in the middle of the hall, close to each other, but not touching. Hes wiping his eyes and clearing his throat, and Im the calm one. The flowers are beautiful. I wonder if he and Bryan got them at the same florist. Theyre probably sharing a hotel room, my grandmother in the next room down, waiting for me to be discharged. Comfort rushes through my veins and I remember what its like to breathe without guilt. My therapist walks by in the hall and sees us. Mr. Doyle! Youre early! Why dont we just head on in. My father straightens up and I keep looking into his eyes. I turn towards the door to my counselors office and slip my arm through my fathers. And the two of us start to walk with each other into therapy.

LAURIE RINES I was born and bred in Delaware County, living in the more humble town of Lenni. I lived there until my graduation from high school, when I attended George Washington University and got a degree in Womens Studies, Creative Writing, and English. Upon graduating I got hitched and flew the coop, and am now living in Dsseldorf, teaching English and waiting out the remainder of George Bushs second term, or until my husband

93 finishes his degree, and then I plan to move back. My stories have been published in a (now defunct) GW magazine, and in an online student literary magazine. Reflection on Primal Scream Therapy I think this story grew out of my fascination with the anti-hero, and I think this is a theme that I still really enjoy writing about. These are the stories that I enjoy reading the mostwhen youre presented with someone who has just made so many mistakes and so many decisions that were so obviously poor ones, but you still cant help sympathizing with them. Even more specifically, and strangely, this story was inspired by an obsession with John Lennon and the song Julia, which is such a beautiful song about the loss of his mother. It was from reading a biography of John Lennon that I became acquainted with the idea of Primal Scream Therapy and the idea of how much his losses affected the rest of his life and his work. My interest in Lennon is something that is still puzzling to me, because I am such a fan of his work, but at the same time he did so many things that I hated; he was cruel to his first wife, abandoned his family, and really generally tended to be a prick. So through this I fell in love with the idea of creating talented characters who had to overcome their own losses to find their voice. The idea for the character of Marianna began long before I finally wrote Primal Scream Therapy. I actually wrote my first story about Marianna when I was in middle school, and wrote lots of anecdotal stories throughout high school. But being the way that I am, nothing motivates me like a deadline, and I finally put it all together in the fall of 1999, my senior year in high school, for our assignment. The idea was planted more firmly in my head when I had a good friend enter rehab for anorexia and she described to me a type of group therapy that I incorporated into my story really exactly as she had described it to me. When I heard about her attending this, I was almost jealous and wished that I could take a part in such an activity, sort of confronting my own demons. The story really started from this scene and the final scene in my mind. Honestly, now when I read the story its hard to remember a process of going from A to B, because once I started writing and trying to put it into a narrative, it was such a cathartic experience. Now, its hard for me to disconnect this story from what I was as a seventeen year old. On the most basic level when I was writing this story I was an incredibly sad and angry girl who felt that she had the right to be

94 neither sad nor angry. I was from a solid nuclear family, was well-provided for, and on my way to a good college and bright future. So I was constantly guilty for my ingratitude. I think in writing this story about Marianna I was creating someone who had the right to feel as miserable as I did at the time. And I think it did me a lot of good because when I was finished and let other people read it, a tremendous weight was lifted. Now when I read it theres quite a bit I would change, which is embarrassing after the fact, because at the time I did not respond well to constructive criticism. What I have really learned since is the importance of the editing process. I have since marched into workshops cockily with stories I thought were finished only to have them ripped to shreds. And in the end, they ended up being much better for it. Now I would lift the dead mother right out of the story; I think Julias death is melodramatic enough. I would also dedicate a lot more time to explaining her sudden change in deciding to forgive her father, and Ginny wouldnt be quite so direct and expository. I also might take out some of the profanity, though I have to say I am a big fan of it. When I read the story now, I am surprised by the violence of the emotion, and also by the immaturity of it. But I am still proud of the honesty of it. I have decided to put this story to bed, because Im not that interested in revisiting it. And Ill just say it: Ive never done heroin. Ive never even seen it in real life; this entire story was pure invention based only on Trainspotting and Smack by Melvin Burgess. If I were to improve this story, I would want to do a lot more research. Since writing this story I have written more short stories, but have really learned about how lengthy the revision process is and how much a story can change during it. The biggest mistake I made with this story was calling it finished far too soon. I minored in creative writing in college, but have to say that by the end of it I was a bit disillusioned and had participated in far too many but what is a writer? conversations. If you want to be a writer, write something. Then shut up. Tom Wolfe wrote an essay where he talks about how workshops are sandpapering fiction (Im paraphrasing) and I cant help agreeing. Someone brings in a story, and it is attacked from every side for not fitting into a mold, and it is changed. I feel my participation in workshops has affected my enjoyment of literature. In a survey course in college we read The Waste Land and the whole time I was reading I thought to myself that if T.S. Eliot had brought that into our workshop we would have sent him home crying. So I think the main thing is to take all advice seriously, but to really

95 discriminate as to whom you trust. Now I dont write as much as I used to, because, living in Germany, Im experiencing a bit of sensory overload. I think once I return to the States and process the experiences Im having now, Ill be more active. I have some stories that Im still revising, but I think I understand more that I just need to give myself time to think and allow stories to flow. Too often Ive boxed myself into an ending, which I think is one of the problems with Primal Scream Therapy. I had decided on that final scene before I reached it, so I think when it arrives it feels inauthentic. I think that in a rough draft you should let your writing meander as you try to figure out exactly why youre writing what youre writing. When I read this story now, I definitely see it as still being a rough draft, but I still cant help feeling a bit proud. Especially after my little brother read it years later and came up to me and said, Hey, I read your storythat was interesting I guess the best part of writing for me is freaking out the people who think they know you the best.

Teacher Reflection Narration as Story in Laurie Riness Primal Scream Therapy Primal Scream Therapy has a great dramatic arc, not only in the action, but also in the narrationin the voicewhich mirrors the protagonists change. In other words, the storys form reflects its contentthe language and tone reflect the action. Mariannas voice softens, her cursing falls away, and in the end the lightness in tone reflects her changed heart and mindand all this goes hand in hand with the action.

96 In Modern Literature we read a short play, by Joyce Carol Oates, entitled No Next of Kin, in which a teenage boy stands before the audience and tells a story about journeying to a hospital to visit his father, who had left home years before and whom he thought was dead. At first the boy is aloof and unfeeling; he turns angry and spiteful, cursing; in the end, he is tearful, prayerful, and forgivingall this in two short pages. In Laurie Riness Primal Scream Therapy the first half of the storythe harsher half, even with its dark tone and contentis wonderfully offset by Mariannas wit and humor, which not only keep the story intriguing but keep Marianna herself likeable and sympathetic, in spite of her edgeor because of it. The story goes a long way to arrive at the emotional ending, which offers relief, as if the story itself is taking a deep breath after an exhausting run. And yet, sweet as the ending is, it is not too sweetthat is, it is anything but a happy ending, not one, anyway, that suggests that the characters will live happily-everafter. The final walk into therapy offsets what might otherwise be a sentimental ending (that is, if the story ended too soon, before all of Mariannas exhausting emotional work that precedes it); the walk into therapy is less like a soothing salve on a wound than it is a bitter pill that Marianna and her father must swallow together. Dramatic as the arc isthe protagonist has gone from an angry, bitter, cursing girl to a calm, forgiving, soft-spoken girlthe finale is less the end of grief than it is the beginning of more, real, hard work work that, we are convinced, both Marianna and father are committed to doing.

Exercise Try writing a short story, or even just a one-page first-person narrative, in which the protagonists tone, voice, and language reflect her change in character. Make your narrator tell a story in which she had to act in the face of conflict. Imagine that some time has passed, now, and she is, in a sense, re-living the storyand also living a new storyas she tells it.

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In True Silence Lee Goldsmith 2001 Flat was the land, speckled with shrubs and the dry, gray rows of olive plants suffering the deserts glowing sun. He walked on the baked, cracked dust laid smooth against the earth like tightly packed gunpowder once lit, a land always smoldering but too dense to explode with finality. Hanging off his starved, struggling body, his white robes flashed, glowing like the sun as he approached his olives, his sustenance, his trade, his work, with steps taken through exhaustion.

98 He grasped one weak, puny olive between his thumb and forefinger, silently scolding the olive for its slow ripening and fruition with a fretful frown and worried eyes, like a father watching his prodigal son walk away. He sighed. It rustled the branches as they danced to the only sound heard by the olive trees all day. Every day it was his sigh, like a paternal coo, that woke the trees, coaxing them to grow. And slowly they did. They grew in a land fertile with blood, hatred, and war. They grew in a land as starved as the old farmer, with a skin as brittle and weak. They grew in an old land, weary of the life it has lived so far, drained of its youth by constant suffering under the glowing sun. They grew in a land filled with the wisdom that comes from age, the wisdom that allows olive trees to grow on such tortured land. They grew in a land that refused to yield. The farmer released the olive and sat next to the tree on the hardened ground. Looking out to the horizon with a beaten gleam hovering in his eyes, he scanned just above the rows of olive trees that surrounded him. He listened to the hollow winds as they gently brushed the dust over the ground, chiming like the fall of a light rain on ice. And while ice was foreign to him and rain almost as much so, neither was as foreign as absolute silence. To him the chiming was silence, as silent as he had ever known. A silence only found among the rows of olive trees, where he felt ensconced by peace, as if he were surrounded by a dome. Back across the field stood his house. Overflowing with seven kids, the house always rang with hungry voices, hurt voices, scared voices, or sad voices, clamoring for an unsparable second of their parents attention. Small whines of taunt, accusation, or, the one that made him feel impotent, need, pierced any thoughts he might have in the house. So he fled to the olives, working hard and thinking. His eyes wandered above the trees into the sky, and he floated high over the land, gliding on the warm caress of Allahs hand. He felt a gentle push lining him, fingertips pressed into his surging chest. He breathed the air, tasting the crisp wisps never breathed before. His heart beat slower, calmly pulsing, a massage surging through his body. It soothed, relaxed. And as the excitement built in his loins and spread, flooding his torso and legs like water gushing through a broken levy, his heart continued to beat more slower. Very slowly. Almost not moving at all but to sound pip-pip subtly, not even disturbing the ribs standing guard over it.

99 Suddenly he stopped, his ascent completed. Allah held him in mid-air, above the earth. In true silence. A silence he could feel, like Allah himself, all around him. The silence, a kiss of summer sunlight, wrapped his skin and burrowed inside. And the warmth radiated outward. The silence was simple, was beautiful, was honest, was love. And though words make them different, as he hung over the trampled ground, he felt no difference among them. And very suddenly a voice slithered around his ankles, squeezed, and yanked spirit, mind, and body back into one. Papa. The small child tugged gently at his fathers robes. Mama said dinner is ready. Slowly, so as not to faint from dizziness, the worn-out man opened his eyes and stood, patting the little boy on his black-haired head. Okay. The boy sprinted back to the house, flailing his arms. His father followed with deliberate, sure steps that shifted the loose dirt off the old ground into small clouds of dust. Walking into his home, he was greeted by his wife. Hello, Yusef. He silently looked at the prepared dinner table surrounded by six children, and three empty chairs. * Do we have enough? We never have enough. Hafsun was polishing a pistol while he entertained a trio of farm boys. Mohammed sat at the table in the middle of the room, which was the basement of one of the city houses where Palestinians sought shelter and revenge. With the Israeli air ships trying to bomb us out of existence, even the best American guns would not be enough. Mohammed stared at the center of the table and bit his nails absently. Hey, you, wake up. Mohammeds head jumped and he blinked away his thoughts. Sorry. Anyway. That said, we still have plenty to share. The guns are always coming in. Its the people who use them that seem to disappear. But we cant help that. Mohammed was biting his nails again. Stop that. Theres no reason to be nervous yet. Sorry.

100 Ya know even that blockade the Israelis have going out there hasnt slowed the guns. Our network is impenetrable. We have no worries. All the same, I cant wait until we take it out. It will be just one more battle won for the good guys. * The city lies deep in the West Bank, resembling Stalingrad after the blitzkrieg had been deflected. People occupy the city, as they always have, but cant walk a straight line for the rubble scattered on the streets. The city, like the land its built on, is old and tired. It no longer cares to erode or cover with dirt the pockmarks it bears like the scars a soldier shares with his infantry-mates on the road to the front line. The land here sinks low beneath the hills of Judea and Samaria. Approaching the Jordan River, it tumbles with burgeoning slopes of grass, all withered away by constant footsteps. The grass has not appeared in decades. The people in the city havent noticed. The land has. The blockades are still standing. Soldiers in patchy shades of gray and blue shoulder large, black rifles and stop cars as they find it necessary. Ten soldiers wait at each site. One will lean into the car to inspect; the other nine will keep their trigger fingers ready. There is no desire to harass. Harassment comes with the tension, a blanket of accusations with no simple recourse. Mohammad was in the city many times, mostly against Yusefs demands. Except for the quick trips for small necessities, the city remained ignominious to Mohammad throughout his childhood. Yusef would always tell stories of the dangerous shadows in the city and how they could swallow men whole. Every story was the same. The city ruined, and the country saved. Mohammed listened to these stories for as long as he ran to his mother for a hug and kiss before going out for the day. When he began relying on himself, the shadows lost their romantic menace. Without fear of the city, Mohammed traveled there with his friends often. Rather than a foreign jungle, it became a second home for him. He learned the small streets where the armed soldiers could not follow. He discovered the secrets hidden from the soldiers that explained their presence. He found he could be helpful to his Palestinian brothers.

101 The day there were only six children at the dinner table, he was trying to be helpful again. Mohammed stepped onto the streets with two friends. Leaving a small shop with a well-armed basement, the trio moved down the street listening for the impending protest. They watched the other Palestinians flow towards the new blockade checking all outgoing traffic. As they turned a corner, the singing chants of anger lit the boys ears. It was a unified pop in the air. Punching into the heat of the Israeli sun, the aural fists sprung from a marching block of white robes. They moved toward the blue guard who waited with their guns held loosely on their shoulders. The fists beat hard and collected stray brothers off the streets. Mohammed and his friends joined in step; the chant grew louder. The soldiers stood on a hill, with rocks scattered over the dust, not higher than the roofs of the citys houses. Mohammed watched as the soldiers shifted and listened, unmoved by the mobs angry spirit. As Mohammeds feet landed on the hill, the soldiers guns dropped from shoulder to hand. They remained pointed to the ground. Again the chant grew louder. It hung on the humid air and resonated on itself. Building like bricks, one on top of the other, the chant was a shield ensconcing the marching mob. The shield glided over the parched land with the force of the stampeding elephants raging behind it. And the shield kept growing, brick upon brick. The mob could no longer see over it. As they marched and sang on, hands grazed the ground, bringing small rocks back up with them. The mob looked ahead, and the soldiers guns did not all seem to be pointed to the earth anymore. Suddenly, rocks were launched, and Mohammed rushed forward with the archaic charge to take the hill. Cries of hold fire from the soldiers gave way to the eruption of rubber bullets hailing down on the Palestinians. The bullets landed heavy blows, knocking each target to the loose dirt. Before the first man reached the hills crest, half of the Palestinians lay flat on the ground. But the charge continued. Then there was a gunshot. One man reached the top; he quickly grabbed his stomach and fell. Mohammed stopped with the rest of the mob. The Israeli soldiers were moving down the hill, attacking. The Palestinians turned and ran. Mohammed dashed for one of his hiding spots, turning only once to see both of his friends pinned to the earth and

102 arrested. He hid for an hour before returning home. * Yusef faced Mecca in the corner of the room behind the kitchen in a reflective silence having finished his final prayers for the day. He listened to the laughter outside as his children played in the waning minutes of dusk. His wife sat at a small table next to him, repairing one of his robes. Yusef turned to her as he heard the farmhouse door click open. Is that him, Sharia? She nodded without removing her eyes from the needle and thread. Yusef stepped away from the corner. He walked to the kitchen where Mohammed had entered, his feet patting against the creaking hardwood floor. Mohammed. His voice stung the air but wasnt loud enough for his wife to hear. His son only lifted his head, flashing a scowl; he did not answer. You missed dinner. Im not hungry. Were you in the city? You should have been there. Dont tell me what I should do. I wanted you home for dinner. You havent been home all day. Theres work to be done in the olive field. You are neglecting your responsibility. There was a long pause where Mohammeds scowl tightened against his face, but his eyes would not lift from the floor. Must you go to the city? Yes. Here his eyes raised and lent conviction. Youve been warped. All that time in the city has ruined you. Remember what your prophet said? He tells you today, even from his faraway grave, that they are people of the book. Where is your tolerance? Where is your good nature? Where is your faith? I have faith! Im fighting for it every time I go into the city. We cant let them dominate us like this. Who is this we and us? We are the Palestinians. Who is that?

103 They are your brothers. We are being oppressed by the Jews, and you cant even raise your hand to fight. We are the rightful owners of this land. We must take it back! Allah does not care about Palestine, Mohammed. This is no jihad. There are no nations under Allahs eyes; there are only people: those who obey him and those who dont. I am obeying Allah. Our God would never allow the ignorant to rule his people. God has given us the right. Now we must serve him and use it. Our God would never condone what you do. Inciting riots and starting wars. Bringing death and destruction to our Holy Land. Would Allah approve of these? All in his name. You smear his name. Listening from the other room and growing tired of the fight, Sharia put down Yusefs patched robe and walked into the crossfire. Thats enough. The two men waited for her to continue, silent. The childrens laughter wafted back into the room from outside. Go to bed. You are both tired and need to work in the morning. Youll have to finish what you didnt do today early in the morning. Be in the olive field at sunrise, Yusef said before walking into his bedroom for the night. * He watched the sunrise alone among the rows of olive trees. The sun splashed the ancient night sky with watercolor strokes of orange and yellow, seeping over the fading gray remnants of night with tiny tendrils of light. Holding a woven wicker basket, Yusef dropped ripe, well-nurtured olives one by one into the basket. He sighed at the disappearing night, wearied by the dreams the stars had visited upon him. As the sun vanquished the stars once more, he smiled. Looking back to the farmhouse, Yusef hoped to see his eldest son walking out to the olive field to help him harvest. He expected what he saw: wind grazed grass and a still picture of his resting house. It seemed the argument of the past night had not reached whatever soul would listen within Mohammed. Just like every other argument. Yusef knew his words were useless. But he could not help but hope that he could somehow bring

104 his son back to the celestial path. Yusef marched up and down the rows of trees as he collected his crop of olives. And as the sun slid above the distant hills at midmorning and the sweat began to pool in his long beard, Yusef felt a hand on his shoulder. When he stood and turned, Mohammed stood before him. Go inside. Eat. Ill finish here. They need water too. It hasnt rained for days. The ground is so dry it might crack soon. Ill do that too. Thank you. Yusef walked to the edge of the field and stopped. I need you here, Mohammed. I dont want you to go to the city. Yes, Father. This season has been awful. This might be the smallest harvest youve ever seen. We have to work hard to get as much out of it as possible. As Mohammed began to work, Yusef sought refuge from the oncoming day inside, eating then lying down for a short nap with his wife. * They came. It was sudden and unannounced. From inside a cruising car four friends called Mohammed away. Time seemed important. They did not get out. They did not stop. Their shouts mingled and twisted together as Mohammed dropped the basket and raced forward to catch them. All he understood was, Allahs will! The car slowed so that Mohammed could slip into the open rear door. All four friends tried to explain the events that led to such an impulsive pick-up. Mohammed still did not understand anyone until he reached the city. * Gunshots could be heard as the small troupe entered the city. They echoed against each other, and it sounded as though there was a continuous hail of gunfire crisscrossing

105 the city. On the outskirts people ran in a chaotic scramble trying to either hide or find the erupted war zone. As the five friends drew closer to the citys heart, the running was less; and the gunfire grew louder. The car screeched and spun to a stop outside the house from the previous day. All five leaped from the car and ran to the door, all the while sheltering their heads by ducking low and keeping their hands up. They entered the house and dashed down the stairs to the basement to find Hafsun, who sat at the table loading guns. Are you ready? Hafsun asked. Of course, one of Mohammeds friends answered. Good. Grab whatever strikes you and be careful. Only shoot the soldiers. Take any other Israelis prisoner. Well deal with them later. Be forceful. Mohammed hesitated as his friends each picked up small automatic handguns and left the rifle for him. The group stood for a second, weighing the weapons in their hands, adjusting to the grip, and testing the sights. They were ready to leave, but Mohammed still hadnt moved. Were waiting on you, Mohammed, Hafsun said from the middle of the staircase. Whats going on? Mohammed finally asked. The Israelis fired at a group of protesters. One of them was hit in the head, Hafsun answered. Rubber bullets? No. Real bullets. Mohammed picked up the rifle and hurried up the stairs with the rest. * Yusef woke from his nap at midmorning, ready to go back to work with his son. Sharia lay next to him, still resting peacefully. He slid off the bed and onto his feet. Walking to the kitchen door, he looked out the window for his son but did not see him through the olive trees. He figured Mohammed was bent over at work. Arriving in the field, Yusef saw the basket fallen and on its side, spilling olives over the cracking ground. He still did not see his son and knew that Mohammed was not

106 home. Yusef walked to his car, which had not traveled to the city in nearly a month. * The bullets seared the air around them. Mohammed and two of his friends crouched behind a wall that at some point rose fifty feet into the air and now just covered their lowered heads. The three would not move from behind their barricade. Only every once in a while would one of them raise a gun and fire it, hoping a soldier would get in the way of the bullet. Mohammeds two friends who were not behind the wall had already fled. One stepped onto the street, heard the gunfire, dropped his gun, heard it go off, and ran down the street. The other made it into the heart of the city and the battle with the rest. But when he saw Hafsun get shot in his leg, he could not go another step. He began throwing up and collapsed on a rubble-cluttered sidewalk. Hafsun lay across the street and back a short way from the three behind the barricade. With his hands wrapped around the wound on his calf, he pulled himself hard against a building. He could not keep walking; and when he tried to aim his handgun, his hands shook too much to be reliable. So he breathed deeply and hoped the bullets would not find him again. Meanwhile, Mohammed and his friends did not know what to do. We need to move, Mohammed said. I cant, one of his friends answered. Were not doing any good staying here. Mohammeds other friend nodded in agreement. Do we know where the soldiers are? The others shook their heads. Well have to take a look then. Their heads shook again. Mohammed lifted his head and turned it slightly at the same time, scanning over the decimated wall for Israelis. I dont see anybody. Mohammed pointed back across the street. Lets head that way and down to the next alley and cut back in. Okay? The other two nodded, and the trio started running with their knees bent and heads down. Once they reached the entrance to the alley, they stopped. You two start down the alley and Ill watch our backs, Mohammed said. Go.

107 Just as the two began down the alley, a shot rang out closer than any before it. It reverberated in Mohammeds head as he spun with his rifle, saw the Israeli soldier, and squeezed his trigger. The soldiers stomach exploded and his grays and blues turned crimson. He dropped to his knees, and then he fell face down. Mohammed froze. In the back of his mind he heard one of his friends screaming and the other was not to be heard at all. * Yusef drove faster than he had ever felt the need to before. He could hear the war zone around him as he drove deeper into the city. It struck him that the outer limits of the city were silent in and of themselves. The only sounds he had heard out there were the echoes of the battle being fought within the citys heart. But now, inside the battles limits, only his strongest thought broke through the stream of noise. He had to find his son. The deeper he went the slower he had to drive. While there were not many people running through the streets, the debris was hard to avoid. And the slower Yusef drove the more impatient he grew with his search. He felt the futility of his situation wash over him as he conceded to himself that finding his son in such chaos would take all of Allahs power, yet his desperation to save his son propelled him. Yusef strained to see through the windshield as a thick mix of dust and smoke collected on it while he drove down the citys main street. Clutching the steering wheel at the top, he leaned his head forward and squinted. The dust continued to settle and the cars wipers could not clear it away anymore. Eventually, Yusef stepped hard on the brake, opened the door, and stepped out of the car, leaving it running. Exposed to the battlefield, he first noticed the pungent odor of burnt toast and sweat that lurked in the air. Next, the bitter taste of unsweetened chocolate powder touched the back of his tongue, followed quickly by the heat of battle causing sweat to jump to his skin. Then his eyes adjusted to the light reflecting off the yellowed earth. All he saw was a haze and scattered people lying along the streets. Finally, he heard the moans of the wounded and one long scream approaching him as fast as he had been driving. A mass of swinging robes came straight towards his car. The man was looking

108 back over his shoulder every once in a while, and he had looked back just before he slammed his right leg into the front comer of Yusef s old car. Yusef had watched the man run the whole time, silent in wonder at his familiarity. Ah, shit! the man yelled, hobbling back to his feet. You could have warned me. Just then he looked up at Yusef, quieted. Hello, Mohammed. We need to go home. Yeah. For now. Help me wipe off the windshield. Use your sleeve. The two rubbed the dust off the windshield, spitting to lubricate the dust when it was stubborn. Then they each got into the car. Mohammed massaged his leg. No words passed either pair of lips for half of the ride away from the battlefield. Keeping his eyes on his sore leg, Mohammed spoke first, I shot someone. Yusef nodded and swallowed. He was a soldier. I dont know if he died. I know he wasnt moving when I ran. You killed someone? I think. Does his being a soldier make it any better? Mohammed still didnt look up. No. Yusef nodded again and pursed his lips. But Id do it again if I had to. He killed my friend. He would have killed me two seconds later if I hadnt shot him first. I cant stop fighting. Quiet descended upon the car again; only the motors gruff rumble and the crackle of rubber on pavement filled the car with sound. Yusef turned onto the only road that would take him back home. With Mohammed, he had reached the outskirts of the city again, where the crossfire faded into an atmosphere of suspense. And just at the city limits, Yusef accelerated the car up a slight hill. He saw the two soldiers at the top and wondered why they would waste their time here while the battle raged at the center of the city. As the car made its way up the hill, Yusef saw the soldiers, jaws split and taught in shouts, cradling their guns in one arm and waving towards his oncoming car. One soldier took the lead, approaching the car with his gun pointed at Mohammed and a free hand held up flat against the air. Yusef ground his brakes until the car stopped; the soldier stood

109 outside his window. Through the soldiers yells in Hebrew, Yusef looked at Mohammed who was staring at the other soldiers gun while sweat beaded on his eyebrows. The gun was pointed at him. Suddenly, Yusef felt the door slide away from him, and he tumbled onto the dry dust outside. He pushed himself up on all fours. A leather-boot and cloth-covered shin landed just below his chest. Yusef heard his ribs crack before the pain flowed across his abdomen like a flood of lit gasoline. The soldiers were both shouting in Hebrew; and when he looked up at the one standing over him, Yusef saw a finger pointing at him, at his face. The finger pulled back and gesticulated around the soldiers own face. Then the soldier looked back at Yusef. Yusef felt the boot kick out his legs. He collapsed face-first to the ground, lying supine. The soldiers continued on in Hebrew. While the one closest to him backed away towards the other, Yusef took the time to lift himself back onto his hands and knees. The soldiers stopped talking. And the last word Yusef heard was, Adonai, uttered by one of the two soldiers. Then he heard a thudding discharge that echoed back into the heart of the city and mingled with the rest of them. The bullet had entered through the side of his chest and cut straight across his heart before exiting from his back. The blood pooled in his mouth while he lay on the ground, numb to Mohammed rolling him onto his back. Yusef looked at his son. He saw the tears dropping down his cheeks and leaving their wet tracks. He saw Mohammed screaming with his mouth wide but realized there was no sound accompanying the sight of the scream. There was no sound at all. Yusef felt the silence crawl in through his ears and descend to his chest. He smiled at Mohammed just as the silence reached his heart. * The soldiers had run off after Yusef fell to the ground, but Mohammed still guarded himself with a quick scan of the area before lifting his fathers body into the back seat of the car. He tucked his fathers robes into the car to avoid getting them caught in the door, then took his seat behind the wheel and drove straight home. When he arrived home, his mother was rushing from the house confused by

110 Yusefs sudden departure and bewildered by Mohammeds return without him. Mohammed grabbed her by the shoulders and stood between her eyes and the back seat. He wanted to tell her. He wanted to console her. He wanted to apologize. He said nothing at first, but she began to cry as he whispered his apologies in her ear. After some time standing in each others arms next to the car, they went inside the house and called the kids together. That night Mohammed sat at the head of the table during dinner. Afterwards, anticipating a long days work in the olive field, he headed to bed.

LEE GOLDSMITH I was born and raised in Media, Pennsylvania, a small town that ekes toward the edge of Philadelphia. While growing up, my proximity to the city allowed me to explore the various museums filled with dynamic paintings, the tortured sculptures of Rodin, and dinosaur skeletons that dwarf small children such as I was. I now imagine that these eclectic influences form the mallet that has molded my diverse interests in everything from the graviton to Ancient Greek tragedy. The city, however, never attracted me into its immoderate adventures; and even when I left for college, I never desired to live in a city. Instead I have lived these last five years in a capital that is but a large town: Annapolis, Maryland. Here I have attended and graduated from St. Johns College, a small, liberalarts school, nestled under the strong left arm of the Naval Academy wall. At St. Johns there are no majors and no electives. The curriculum is set, and every class is a seminar. We read the classics in every category: philosophy, from Plato to Heidegger; physics, from Aristotle to Heisenberg; mathematics, from Euclid to Lobachevski. Once again, as an undergraduate I managed to heighten and refine every one of my multifaceted interests. I am now working for two organizations, which help make seminars happen in many places Touchstones Discussion Project and Aspen Institute. These interim jobs are keeping me reading while I try to find a fit in graduate school. Reflection on In True Silence

111 When I wrote In True Silence, I had spent the previous two years trying to remold myself as a writer. My writing influences as an early adolescent were Jack London, Stephen King, C.S. Lewis, and J.R.R. Tolkein, all of whom wrap and unwrap good tales, but none of whom manipulate language like a great artist. In my own writing I had figured out how to write a gripping story, but my artistry lacked anything more than the mundane necessities that come along with transferring a story from its vague shape in my imagination to a more or less rigid form on paper. I realized my defect when I was a sophomore in high school, and had since let myself dwell in lengthy descriptions of moments and natural scenery. In the case of In True Silence, this mediation produced in me the painting of the dusty dry land and the moment of transcendental ascendance, which was the soul of the story as it occurred to me. The story first planted itself in me one night early in my senior year. I lay in bed, letting my thoughts unwind, but an image from earlier that evening insisted on remaining before me. I can even now remember it: an Arab farmer, dressed in gray-colored robes, pinches an olive, which droops down from a worn out branch, between his thumb and fingers just enough to lift it up. The words associated with this image came in tow, Flat was the land, speckled with shrubs and the dry, gray rows of olive plants suffering the deserts glowing sun. That is the first line of the story, whose main themethe comfort of true or false transcendence in the struggle to perpetuate life on earthhad been conceived that night. I scribbled down the sentence while lying in bed and did nothing with it for weeks, maybe months. I dont remember how long it took me to come back to that story. I wrote very little at St. Johns that was not an exegetical essay, but that story never let me go. At the time I wrote the story, I knew its greatest flaw was the plot, which felt a bit shallow and contrived. And I have always wanted to rewrite it so that the conflict between Yusef and his son receives greater complexity. I wanted to bring more of their history to the present conflict and thus make the plot more than merely probable, but necessary. When I revisited the story recently, however, I decided to steal its ideas and use them in a treatment of Abraham and Isaac, which is an archetypal story for the themes on which In True Silence expounds. I am now writing that and hope to finish eventually. Unfortunately, at the pace I am currently writing, I will not finish it in the next six months.

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Teacher Reflection Going to the Limit and Beyond in Lee Goldsmiths In True Silence Lee Goldsmiths use of descriptive detail captures both the political and physical landscape in In True Silence, but it is the authors skillfully designed, steadfast plot (Lees own misgivings notwithstanding)his creation of suspensethat sustains the readers interest until the storys last line. Once the action hits its stride, we keep asking ourselves, What will happen next? This question is the essence of suspense. We anxiously anticipate the next, or final, twist of the story. In fact, several of the twists might work as an ending. But Lee creates several convincing false endings that is, moments in which the conflict seems resolved once and for all. But then we realize Mohammed is not done fighting and Yusef is not done trying to stop him. And so we ask, Now what? What will Yusef have to do next to stop his son from fighting? What will Mohammed do next in spite of his fathers pleas? Will Mohammed die before he realizes the futility of war? Will Yusef? With the storys relentless action, Lee achieves a sense of inevitable tragedy. We begin to resign ourselves to the possible consequences of the characters willfulness: Yusef may die when he drives into town to save his son; he may find Mohammed dead in the streets; perhaps both will die, and Sharia will be left alone to care for the land We come to recognize false endings, as we anticipate the next turn in the story, even as it seems the story might be over, as if we know the characters better than they know themselves. For example, when it seems that finally Yusef and Mohammed are

113 driving home safely, once and for all, a discussion ensues, and we realize that Mohammed will go on fighting. If the story ended hereand it could, satisfactorilywe would conclude that perhaps nothing will change in the lives of these people and that such lack of resolution is the point of the story. Such an ending might be perfect, in fact, to dramatize the storys themes: the fathers love for his son, the sons resistance, the futility of war. But by going on, the story dramatizes these themes further and, as a result, becomes more moving and arguably even more true. The extended action demonstratesas if reminding us what weve known all alongthat, of course Mohammed will go on fighting and, of course Yusef will go on trying to stop him, even if trying means dying. The ending is anything but happy, though its worth noting that, while Yusef pays the price of his life, he gets what he wanted: tomorrow his son will stay home to work in the fields. Exercise Write a storyor just an action sequencein which you push your protagonist to the limit and even beyond. Just when you, and your protagonist, may think youve had enough, raise the stakes, by introducing more resistance, more conflict, another challenge, testing the protagonists will, determining his character, until you cant imagine another scene worth writingand your reader cant imagine another scene worth reading.

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All That You Cant Leave Behind Jen Malkoun 2001 Dawn breaks above the red horizon. I lift my head from the warmth and comfort of a cotton pillow. Outside a new day approaches; the sun rises above the mist and cloud of night evolving into early morning to create a pastel of colors and textures. But inside it is merely the beginning of yet another passing day, in a continuing cycle, neither anticipated nor loathed, but simply accepted. What is it now, seven or eight? The years have been conveniently lost or misplaced, and are seemingly uniform in their passing. We have managed to keep ourselves occupiedbusyor attempted to do so, easing into each day and settling into each night, and have become proficient actors, masking our emotions and entombing our fears. But death is a fierce reality to escape. It has a looming, lingering effect, like the skeleton of a burnt houseframe, barely intact, just waiting to collapse with the slightest April breeze as the fire equipment is packed up and a single yellow ribbon remains to ward off curious on-lookers. This is apparent in everythingfamily gatherings, holidays, birthdays, or that one song played on the radio that will never carry the same tune as it had once before. It is visible on her face just the same. Bright adventurous eyes and ruddy cheeks have been replaced with tired lines, painful arches, and sagging depressed skin, barely clinging to feel the light of another day. The battle wounds of a mother who has lost her childmy mother. Felicia. Honey, get up! Youre going to school today so dont even try it with me this morning!

115 I refuse to gratify her with an answer, just a slight movement from underneath the covers to illustrate my apathy. I said get up! Not this morning, Felicia! Not today! I have too much going on to worry about you and your attendance! Youre eighteen now! We shouldnt have to go through this every morning! Her voice is different tooedgy, impatient exhausted. I slowly but tactfully move one leg and hit the cold morning air of my room. Shit, I think. I left the window open again last night. Even though it is May, the nights manage to retain a biting chill. She enters my room and unsympathetically replaces the darkness with the painful brightness of synthetic light. And there she waits, over my bed. I can just imagine her stance, not to mention her stare. All right! Ill get up! I shout unhappily. Right now, Felicia! While Im standing here! Get up, now! Instantly the covers are strewn from my sleepy body and thrown to the foot of the bed. My skin catches the air as I immediately follow my refuge with grabbing hands. Realizing it is hopeless, I sit up rubbing my eyes to meet the light and place both feet on the soft carpet below. Pleased with her triumph, my mom walks out of the room and heads downstairs into the kitchen. I am left all alone in the coldness of the morning air, which slipped into my sanctuary during the night. It is the same frigid, crisp air that I felt one January night eight years before, when I, along with my parents and two cousins, gathered around the TV to watch that lovable saint bernard movie. I was ten, bursting with excitement, eager to live, to be alive. But no more than twenty minutes into the movie there was a knock at the door. A knock that would forever alter the lives of every person in that room. Things would never be the same ever. The shower water is refreshing, cleansing my aching body and replenishing my diminishing energy. I think about her, my mom, and how she used to be, how she was before, and I long for those days. Those days that seemed endless and untouchable. There is laughter now. It took some time reassuming its place in the house, but its not the same. Something is missing, lacking. We have all moved on, trying to continue and establish new routines to get us through each day. But avoidance has set in, becoming ever

116 so apparent throughout the house and in my relationship with my mom. It has created a sense of uncertainty as I embark upon a new journey, approaching the threshold of my futurecollege. I took a path of great indifference on my college quest, applications and such, perhaps because of the lingering unresolved feeling that inhabits my being, tugging and gnawing at my heart, echoing inside of my head. I didnt care, didnt feel the urgency that my mom felt. And still, I ask myself, am I ready? Can I leave, or, rather, leave it all behind? A knock at the bathroom door stops my analytical thought process and my shower, calling me back to the surface of reality and the sickness of early morning. Felicia, the deep tremor of my dads voice sounds from outside the bathroom door. Its quarter of. I turn the water off and stand, still bearing my body and soul, as I listen to the pattern of water droplets plunging toward the drain, gathering the dirt and sleep of night, washing it all away. The fog is thick and moist, clouding the room as well as my thoughts. I reach for the towel draped across the cold, heatless radiator and wrap it around my body, capturing its cotton warmth and holding it tight, and my mind drifts again to that unalterable January night. Two officers dressed in midnight-blue uniforms appeared opposite the glass screen door of winter. Something was wrong and it ignited a nauseating feeling deep in my stomach. They solemnly entered the house and the heat encircled them, replacing the chill of night air. Removing their hats in an unvarying manner, with sincere structure, they gazed upon the unexpected faces, scanning the scene and preparing their words. The police lights rabidly flashed red and blue in the driveway, and then the door was shut, cutting off any prospect of possibility and leaving the harshness of reality to encumber our lives forever. Silence engulfed the laughter and the smiles, and gave way to worry, fear, and anxiousness for the unknown. Is it my son? Is it Brian? What happened? Is he okay? my mom inquired urgently. My dads strong hand had found its place upon her weakening shoulder, and I watched his face, overcome with wanting and anticipation for the worst. His frame stood tall and statuesque, conveying a sense of readiness. No, maam, its not your son. You may want to take a seat over here, please, the

117 one officer suggested, carefully weighing his words. Combing my hair, I focus on the fragrant scent of shampoo as it emanates from each damp strand filling the moist room. I wipe away the mist from the mirror and gaze into my reflection. Emptiness lives inside, but a burning desire represses and overpowers its force. It is a desire to live and to experience. One which pulls me to leave, to move on, and most of all to let goto let go of the pain and the sadness which reverberates deep within the walls of this house. The next moments of that night are not clearerased, ratherfrom my memory. But what is kept, kept at bay behind the dam of my emotions, is the sound of a mothers cry, a mothers unforgettable, intense cry of disbelief and horror. It had not been my brother, indeed, but rather my older sister. A car accident had relinquished the powerful, the beautiful, the rare life from her body. Screaming, I ran out onto the porch, crying out for the world to knowknow that one of its angels had died. My tears burned the skin of my cheeks as the bitter air flooded to fill my soul. My sister had died. And as the world came rushing around me, enclosing, surrounding, and suffocating, I looked upward, looked into the blackness of the night sky. Penetrating its boundless darkness, I tried to pull myself away, tried to purge the pain which had invaded my heart. Inside, my mom had stationed herself in a chair, grasping its arms, her knuckles turning a fierce white. Soon people, faces, arms, and hands all came running. She began to scream, a scream unlike any I had ever heard. Her feet pounded upon the hard wooden floor and her face, crimson with anguish, had attained an animalistic character. The moments and seconds that followed blurred, space soon closed in, and limits were set. Life no longer seemed infinite. Lets go, Felicia! her voice shouts from downstairs, signaling that my time is up. Dressing in a hurry as I continue my daily game to beat the clock, I run down the steps and grab a yogurt for lunch from the refrigerator. Passing my dad at the table as he reads the news for the day, I manage to utter a quick bye. Bye. Do you have your key? he answers. Yeah. Have a nice day. Be nice to your mom in the car, he warns. Right, I think, and shut the door behind me. The suns rays break through patches

118 of green leaves and hit the sidewalk and my mom as she waits in the car out front. I take a deep breath, filling my lungs with the freshness of a new day, and get in, placing my bag on the floor. I turn on the radio as an excuse to break the awkward silence. The car rides vary from morning to morning; today it is calm and quiet, neither one of us looking forward to the day ahead. I try to think of something to say, some topic to discuss nothing. As my mind races, I change the station, desperately trying to find a good song. Was it always like this? I cant seem to remember. I can still talk to her, cant I? We pull up to the school and I gather my things in a rush, now attempting to beat the sound of the morning bell. Thanks, I say. Youre welcome. Have a nice day, she replies. I look back before I close the car door. I love you. She looks straight into my eyes and answers back, I love you too. Have a nice day. Ill see you later. Carrying my load, I enter the gray institution that has been kindly bestowed the name school. Now I must clear my mind and forget everything I thought of earlier this morning in the bathroom. Mustering up enough strength to fake my emotions, I feel dead inside, and walk through the halls feeling not only alone, but lonely. What do I have today? A chemistry test? Back home, sitting outside on my front porch after another seven hours of school, I think, delving into areas I ordinarily choose to avoid. The thought of next year pierces my subconscious, needling to get out and be recognized. I light a cigarette, a filthy habit I picked up last summer, and sit back, staring up into the endless green of the maple trees and dream. I dream of what life will be like for me, not in ten or even five years, but simply in the one that swiftly approaches now. I picture myself freeliberated from all the grief, the guilt, the sorrow of yesterdayuninhibited by the unspoken misery that found its way into our heartsfree from her death. I see myself on a college campus with the sun dancing upon my browning skin. The thought brings a smile to my face. I realize that these experiences merely await my consent, and the heavy feeling of emptiness is quelled. A car pulls into the driveway and once again I am drawn back down to the surface, but this time I know what must be done. I sit on the front step as my mom appears before

119 me. She stands there, still, her eyes meeting mine. As she climbs the steps slowly, I make room for her next to me, and, releasing her fear, surrendering her pain, she sits down next to me.

JEN MALKOUN For me writing has always acted as a vehicle for both exploration and expression. Common throughout all of my writing (poetry, prose, academic research, as well as this short story) is my fascination with identity. My studies in college led me to research and explore identity within a Western structural-political framework as an attempt to understand the fluid, ever-changing, and sometimes amorphous nature of identity. Yet, critical to my understanding of this notion of identity is another concept: power. Having graduated from college recently, with a B.A. in Sociology and Peace Studies, I am currently living, workingand continuing to actively examine concepts of powerin Baltimore, Maryland. Reflection on All That You Cant Leave Behind When I refer to power, I dont mean conventionally misappropriated use of power that is, the capability to use force unevenlybut power in a relational sensethat is, the ability to enact change. It is this kind of power that my short storys protagonist, Felicia, discovers. At the time of writing this story (in the spring of 2001), I found myself in an environment that was based upon and revolved around identityhigh schoola time replete with questions about who one is and what one stands for, when everything is in flux, from bodies and emotions to relationships and understandings; it was a time when little made sense and even less felt as though it fit. High school is a time of perpetual change, and yet it retained, for me, a daunting and encumbering feeling of limitation simultaneous feelings of wanting so much more and being trapped within the concrete walls of a disconnected education. Writing this short story (the first I had ever written) was my own way of grappling

120 with identity; the creative act of storytelling turned out to be an experiment with the notion of power as the ability to enact change. Yet in order for change to occur I realized the necessary precondition of letting go, of releasing, and relinquishing all that impeded healthful growth. Writing this story was my method of struggling and working through this realization. It is the story of a young woman (Felicia), faltering, as she tries, headstrong, to move rashly past her pain rather than through it. It is through Feliciathe visceral senses and raw emotions she experiences throughout the day, her unsettling and stinging interactions with her parents, and her struggle to find her way back to her self that I tried to express the complexity, the messiness, of human relations. Using the triad of Felicia, her mother, and her father, I hoped to impart upon the reader a sense that death, and the effects it undoubtedly unleashes, is not only a chaotic disruption to the status quo of their relationships, but also a rupture that brings forth an opportunity to connect in new and unfamiliar ways, thus altering not only the nature and fabric of their relationships, but of the individuals themselves. While the story was an experiment with the concept of personal power, it was also a reflection on what we as humans can and cant leave behind, and how we struggle to find the ever-delicate balance between the two ends of one continuum. During periods of deep and immense changesuch as leaving high school, entering college, or suffering the aftershocks of deathwe are, in some ways, sojourners, leaving all that is familiar, sensible and comfortable, and entering the unknowable, and the unforeseen, full of contingencies, full of new and different regulations. And the question soon arises: how do we negotiate what to leave, what to cede, and what to adopt, in order to adapt, in order to survive? This story was a meditation on the relationship between identity and power, an exploration of the dialectic between the notions of individual choice and the force and influence of context. Although burdened with the death of her sister, Felicia has a choice: she can choose to grapple with the pain, to feel uncomfortable, and to feel the sharpness of the change; or she can choose to be tormentedlike the storys image of the burnt-down house, haunting and inescapableby the piercing silence that continues to separate her from her parents as well as her potential future. In asking the question, what can we leave behind? I was exploring how we grow,

121 how we make decisions, and how we let go in order to move forward. At the time of writing the story, I was listening to the newly released U2 album, All That You Cant Leave Behind, a journey through the challenges and triumphs of transition; it made an impact on my consciousness and thus the title of the album appeared as the title of my story. Stylistically I attempted to use sensationslike the coldness of morning air, or the anxiousness of trying to find a radio stationto connect and transition from the protagonists present circumstances to the past, and back again. These transitions were critical to the story, for they not only provided context for the reader, but also created a kind of textured, woven quality, drawing the characters toward one another, reflecting the interconnectivity of their lives. Since high school my writing has transformed into what I would like to call prose, sometimes poetry, mainly attacking and engaging with issues of race, the consequences and nature of economic inequality, and, of late, exploring my own identity as an ArabAmerican. I enjoy attending open-mic readings, and have even tried my hand at performing some of my work, but for the most part my writing remains an intimate part of me, and I share sparingly. All That You Cant Leave Behind remains the only short story I have ever written.

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Teacher Reflection Plot Triggers in Jen Malkouns All That You Cant Leave Behind Indeed, as Jen Malkoun herself reflects, transitions are critical to her story, creating a textured, woven qualitydrawing the characters toward one another, reflecting the interconnectivity of their lives. Jens use of triggersthat is, action, dialogue, and imagery that stimulate flashbacks and reflectionis especially admirable because the whole story is written without a single line break; memories and thoughts arise out of the current action, where the story remains rooted, from the moment Felicia awakes to the moment she makes room for her mother on the steps leading into their house. Often flashbacks are offset from a storys current action with a break, or a space, in the text, or at least with an explicit leap in time, in the narration, but not in Jens story. Instead, physical details seamlessly give rise to reflections and flashbacks: the sunrise in the first paragraph triggers Felicias question about what time it is, a thought that expands into the second, lovely paragraph about the years her family has lived in the shadow of death; this thought of death triggers the thought of her mother, wounded as if from battle and the thought of her mother triggers her mothers routine wakeup call; once shes in the shower, her fathers knock at the bathroom door triggers the memory of police officers at the front door And so the story goes, transitioning back and forth between the present and the past, between action and reflection. Jens technical handling of triggers is all the more admirable because the structure does not feel contrivedor even arrangedby the author; rather, the movement of the story reflects, naturally, the mindset of the protagonist. After all, nearly everything in Felicias worldthe sunrise, her mothers voice, her fathers knocking, her day in

123 schoolis a convincing catalyst for thoughts of her sisters death, whose shadow Felicia and her family live in. The fluidity of the transitions, ironically, reflects Felicias emotional conflict, because the grief is ever-present, like the air she breathes. Its no surprise, then, when the story culminates in Felicias fantasy of being liberated from all the grief, the guilt, the sorrow of yesterdayuninhibited by the unspoken misery that found its way into our heartsfree from her deathon a college campus with the sun dancing upon my browning skin. In a sense, Felicia longs to be in an environment devoid of triggers But we, as well as Felicia, know all too well, by the time we reach this last scene of the story, that freedom cant be won by faking her emotions, nor by avoiding her parents. Put another way: she cant get free by avoiding the triggers that make her think of her sister. To heal, Felicia knows deep down, her family will need one another, painful as it might be in one anothers presence. New life awaits my consent, she realizes. The same goes for her mother, of course; and all Felicia can do, for now, is make room on the steps and hope her mother is ready to join her. Exercise Write a scene in which the physical action and/or observations of the character trigger reflections, memories, thoughts, and/or a flashback. As in Jens story, the present action might be less action-packed than the recalled action of the past; or, the inverse might be true: the current action of the scene might be intense and suspenseful, while the triggered reflections and/or past action might be relatively subdued.

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Freehold Michael Mastroianni 2001 The year off Nothing is a better testament to personal failure than taking the year off. It is a sad and strained declaration to your family and friends, a pitch-black mark in the middle of glorious white announcements of success. Where are you headed? Johns Hopkins University. Well done! What about you, son? University of Pittsburgh. Oh. Thats good. And you? Yale. Very nice! Ah yes, and you? Im taking a year off first, but There is no point in saying anymore. I have already testified that the stress of high school has exhausted me enough to hold my entire life back a year, while my peers race to their promising futures, for which they have worked so hard. I had been lost in the mix somewhere, a deformed student who may make something of himself later on, but I was now characterized by the year off. All the others would be majoring in English or Pre-Med Studies or Accounting, while I would be majoring in laziness. Of course, my mother and stepfather managed to mask their disappointment and respect my decision. I think they decided that arguing with me would be a waste of their time and therefore chose to ignore me. I wished that everyone would ignore me, but I was not so lucky. I was stigmatized by long stares of disgust and even a curious fascination; it seemed that people were disbelieving that such a person as me could even exist. They did not realize that I was still human, I was still intelligent. High expectations had driven me to the edge and back. But I refused to give up. I refused to show an outburst, or lose my mind. I refused to show any emotion at all. I worked harder than I had ever worked before. At graduation, I was in the top twenty percent of my class. I did not attend the ceremony.

125 On that day, I finished fixing up the 1979 Ford F-100 that I had bought from my neighbor for a hundred and fifty dollars. It was a classic piece of junk: no right rearview mirror, a healthy-sized dent in the front fender, a meandering crack in the right window, one filthy hubcap and the others missing, and the dark-blue paint tinged with rust at all corners and points. Taped onto the dashboard was a picture of my father as I remember him. He stood smiling in front of a battered 1958 Studebaker Avante, wearing his tan Army uniform, with the great stones of Monument Valley miles behind him. His right arm held his massive hand over the ancient rocks, making him taller than the giants. He stood in the dirt path of a road soon to be laid, and his expression was triumphant and superior. That was my dad. Captain John Walter Freehold, late of the Army Corps of Engineers, who was sent out to build roads through the Navajo Indian Reservation of Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico. I hardly ever saw him in the seven years when both of us were alive, but I remember a new parcel arriving almost every week at times, bringing a new piece of Navajo craftsmanship to my eager hands. There were bracelets, trinkets, claywares, and the occasional necklace for my mother. She had quite a collection by the time he died. In his last letter, he told me he left a few things with a woman in Kayenta, Arizona, named Colleen Begay. My mother promised every year that we would drive out there in the summer and look at all the places my father had written to us about, but every year the promise grew weaker. By the time she remarried, she had forgotten completely. It hardly mattered then; we werent the Freeholds anymore. She wasnt my fathers widow; she was someones wife. I wasnt sure whose son I was anymore, or what my name should be. All I had of my father was a photograph and a box of artifacts from places I could only look up in books. I found Kayenta on the wall atlas of the United States when I was ten. It was jammed into the center of the Navajo Reservation, just a few miles south of Monument Valley. I followed US Route 163 up into Utah with my finger, proud that my father had built it. I started the Ford up and hit the gas a few times. The engine protested at first, then snapped into use. I had told my mother that I was just driving around for senior week. I

126 hoped to go to Arizona and find the Begay woman. I didnt want my mother to know. She wasnt a Freehold anymore. After four days clunking down the Interstates, I stopped for gas right outside the reservation somewhere in the middle of New Mexico. A giant rain cloud appeared from nowhere over me, and a half of a rainbow was cast down over the sunburnt landscape. As I marveled at the sight, a man and a woman stood next to their sport utility, ambivalent to the natural beauty. They were arguing about the directions with New York City accents. You had the map! You were the one driving. Now here we are in West Jabip and you dont have the first damn clue, do you? Excuse me, which way to the Grand Canyon? Which rim, north or south? Uh, which is prettier? Hell to beauty, which is cheaper? Id say the south rim is nicer, but its more crowded, isnt it? Brian, why dont you ever plan ahead? Three Navajo men sat next to the office, rolling with laughter. I smiled slightly and got back on my westbound path. After a road dotted with Navajo jewelry stands and signs for tourist attractions, I barreled into Kayenta with barely enough fuel to smell. My mind had been numbed by constant country music over the last fifteen hundred miles. As I entered the dusty town, a Chevrolet El Camino, older than my truck, yet somehow untouched by the rust, clanked by me on the left. My first clue was the hot dry air that cannonaded in my face when I opened the door at the gas station at the corner of US 160 and US 163. Looking up to the north, I could see the shadows of the monoliths at Monument Valley, that I had seen so many times in my fathers pictures. US 163 was a spear straight through the Navajo land, visibly straight for ten miles at least. My father built this road, I said to the attendant, with a certain measure of pride. Yeah? What do you want, a medal? the scrawny, toothless man spat towards me. I sighed noticeably. Im looking for a woman called Begay. He snorted down a raspy laugh, Youre kidding, right? I looked at him straightfaced to answer him. Sheila Begay? Mary Begay? Maggie Begay? Hortense Begay? The older Jane Begay? The younger Jane Begay? The middle Jane Begay? Which one? He gave me a gummy grin that was painful to look at. Colleen Begay? I answered, somewhat ruffled by his appearance and his

127 rambling. It occurred to me later that Begay was a name more common on the reservation than Smith was in the rest of the country. He stuck his bony finger away from the giants to the north, South on 591, two miles or so. Be careful. Whys that? Its a dirt road. I bet your father didnt build that one, belagana. He turned away and hobbled back to his tiny office. I surveyed the small town with a morbid fascination. Cars and car parts, as well as other appliances, were scattered in the red dirt in various conditions of disrepair. A small dog, too mix-bred to identify, scampered across the road on its three legs. As the driver of a great black Range Rover with California license plates stopped and accosted two small boys in ragged clothes and baseball caps for directions, one of the boys gave a wicked laugh as he relieved himself on the back tire. I shook my head in disgust and slammed my creaky door shut. My truck tumbled down the bumpy road towards Colleens abode. The house was little more than a tumble-down shack hovering in the center of the Chinle Valley, clinging desperately onto State Road 591. Behind it was a small circular building with a hole in the center of the roof. I knew this to be a hogan, a Navajo home like many distributed in plenty across the Southwest. The unique circular structure was designed on the basis that sharp corners in a building is where evil hides. I found the idea silly and superstitious, but no more so than the medieval Christian tradition of melting the devil out of a person by setting him afire. I walked up and knocked lightly on the screen door, half-afraid that the vibration would bring the house clattering to the ground. After a few moments, an old man with a mousy moustache opened the door and stared silently at my face through the screen for an uneasy minute. What do you want? he snapped at me. Im looking for Colleen Begay, I said, as respectfully as I could without sounding patronizing. Shes inside. Wait. He vanished into the house, but reappeared a second later. If that trucks a junker, you get the damn thing off my road. Ive had enough of those dumped here. He ventured back into the darkness, leaving me rattled. My eyes wandered

128 over the landscape and the junk in the yard, giving the appearance of a battlefield laid to waste long ago. I glanced behind the house to see a familiar specter, the shell of a 1958 Studebaker Avante, torn from glory by rust and wear, baking in the Arizona sun and harassed by the sands. Yeah? A woman with long black hair stepped to the screen, frowning and studying my face. Youre Colleen Begay? If youre selling something, shove off. No, I just needed some information. She scoffed as she pushed open the screen and stormed passed me into the yard. Why couldnt you stop at the visitors center? Its only the next town over. She pushed her hand into the sky, pointing across the arid plain to the next town. I wanted to know about John Freehold. You took your time, pal, she said with a biting resentment as she beat the dusty laundry drying on the clothesline with her hand. Hes been dead ten years. I was his son. She stopped suddenly in surprise, or perhaps in confirmation of what she had already suspected, You were his son, or you are his son? Theres a difference. I am his son. Well, John Freeholds son, what do you want? He said he left some things with you, I said, looking around the yard expectantly, afraid that his great heirlooms may be in this abandoned wreckage. Well, Id need to look around a little. Its around somewhere. She threw a gaze into the sun. What else? I have a feeling you didnt drive out here to pick up his old junk. I didnt know him very well. What can you tell me about him? It sounded stupid as it left my lips, but I didnt know where to begin, for a man so unknown to me. Ha! She yanked a few things off of the clothesline and threw them towards the porch. You know what he looked like, so what else do you want to know? He built roads, he bought trinkets, he ate at the Golden Sands Cafe back in Kayenta every Saturday, and when he got drunk he used to sing Elvis songs. I saw her smile for the first time. He

129 made us all laugh. He made everybody laugh. She looked at my sullen face. You drove a couple thousand miles to frown at an old woman? Sorry, I said as I turned my head down. Im just a little Tense? Sort of. Not about this, though. What would you have to be tense about? You must be what, sixteen or so. Eighteen. Eighteen, then. You just got yourself started, right? Not yet. Im I was embarrassed to say it, even to a stranger. I decided to take a year before college. I feel like everyone thinks Im some sort of a freak. She gave me a calculating stare that made me flinch from the privacy of her gaze. As she looked away, her face broke out in a grin. I touched her arm to find out why she had suddenly begun to laugh at me, but she brushed me aside and walked towards the house. You goddamn belaganas, she muttered to herself. You think the whole world is in a building, and either someones talking at you, or youre talking at them. You know how many people out here have been to college? Its a different world here. What did your father say about us that makes you so shocked that were not like you? I looked back in my mind to all the letters from him, addressed to his good old sport or his chief. He never talked about the people, only the work, which I found so fascinating. He always told me about the big trucks and the loud noises, never the battered families that stood back and watched. We never wanted them here. Those roads werent for us. They were for the belaganas to get from here to there or the Army to get to the missile sites. My people were only in the way. She gave me the look of a moral victor, triumphant over an ignorant and unarmed victim. Were supposed to be lazy drunks and layabouts out here, and selling jewelry on the side of the road is supposed to be a career highlight. Were the real Americans here, Freehold. Youre just Columbuss children. She stomped into the house, and noises of dishevelment and frantic searching were thrown out into the quiet air. What does the kid want, Colleen? I heard the old man say.

130 Hes Freeholds son, Dad. He came to find his things. Freehold? You get him the hell out of here. Hes not the Military Police. Just let me find the box with his Army things in it. I should have burnt that ten years ago! That guy wore a uniform in this town for years when he never fought a day in his life. I should have worn my damn uniform! Quiet, Dad! I should have beat that man after what he did to Quiet! she shrieked. Three crows fled the roof in terror, leaving nothing but silence and the desert wind. I turned away from the house as she emerged from the house, feigning ignorance of the scene, although wed both heard it all clearly, and we knew that the other had too. This is for you. She handed me a cardboard box tied with twine. The word Freehold was scribbled across the top in black marker. Your father, I began, doubting myself. Was he? He fought in World War II, she said solemnly. Brightening a little, she said, He doesnt like foreigners like your father. Thank you, I said softly. I took the box from her and placed it in the bed of the truck. Hey, Freehold! she hollered to me. I forgot something. She ran up and placed a pair of captains insignia in the palm of my hand. Success isnt in your damn books. A desert pearl, your father called me. I was his desert pearl for years, and I was happy. Sometimes thats enough. Its not your American way, pal, but it can be for the rest of us. I nodded, and handed her one of the insignias in return. Colleen smiled at the ground, then walked back into the house, majestically, invulnerably, like a queen. I peeked into the box. There was a dusty tan uniform, a pair of government license plates, a few old trinkets, and a few photographs of Colleen and my father. As I closed the box, I saw Colleens father send me a hateful stare through the screen, then vanish into the shadows of the house. I pulled myself into the truck, reeling from the words that were now lost into the desert wind. I do not know which direction to go. To the north is my fathers highway, and to the south lies nothing but the interminable sky and the untouched sands. There is

131 nothing else to do except start up the truck, run the American flag up the radio antenna, and find out where the road goes.

132 MICHAEL MASTROIANNI After graduating from Penncrest High School in 2001, my parents moved to upstate Pennsylvania and I left for the University of Pittsburgh. I worked a strange assortment of jobs in many different places for the four years it took to complete my B.A. in English writing. One of my favorites was working for The Pitt News, the student newspaper, where I achieved national honors in writing and photojournalism. I am pursuing a Ph. B. in journalism while continuing to freelance in different fields and working on a collection of short stories. Reflection on Freehold I loved driving. My father and I took a trip around the country in 1999, and I drove thousands of miles between my old hometown and my new hometown, bringing my familys possessions to its new house in 2001. I liked the miles ticking away, I liked the speed, and I liked being able to stop and start whenever I wished. A quest would often end the same day it began, but it would be no less important than a knights errand or a mission of mercy. It was in that spirit that Freehold was born. I never had a quest like his, a search for a tangible past; in fact, he is not like me in several ways. But his story was cobbled together from many things in my life. My best friend owned a 1979 Ford F-100 that always seemed on the verge of self-destruction. My great uncle was in the Corps of Engineers laying roads in Navajo country. My father and I spent time in Kayenta during our venture across the nation. Friends of mine were taking a year off before college. Combining all that with my love of a purposeful trip, I wrote Freehold over four days. Being a journalist, I appreciate now more than ever that a story can be told with the facts alone, but holding interest lies in the details. I loved how one segment of what I wanted to put in Freehold blended into the next: my frustration with conventional views of education, my desire to illustrate the Navajo as no more and no less than normal people in their own surroundings, and even my exchanges with lost, blind tourists in a land they didnt care to understand. Colleen was the queen of that story. She has a quiet dignity, insisting she have her say while holding back the belligerence hidden in the darkness of the house. Like many

133 people I know and respect, Colleen doesnt fight, but doesnt surrender either. Freehold spawned several themes that I went back to in college. The Red Earth involved two Navajo code talkers who were separated back home by different versions of a battle they fought together in. Adventures at the Eighteenth Parallel was about a Puerto Rican woman who went back to her fathers home to discover who he was and what he stood for. But none of my later short stories seemed as smooth or deep as Freehold. After three semesters in the fiction track at college, I switched to journalism, where my tendency to write quickly with minimal editing came in very useful. In time, my memories of Kayenta and Monument Valley became overshadowed by travels to faraway places and intense experiences. My love for the road became muted by living in a city, where walking was easier and driving became nothing more than aggravation. But when I am at my parents house in the mountains, I still find myself looking at State Route 254 late at night, seeing the lights of cars and trucks fly past my window as I wonder who they are, where theyre going and what their quest is.

Teachers Reflection

134 The Road StoryMike Mastroiannis Freehold Road, or journey, storiesstories in which a protagonist, perhaps along with a road partner, or a likeable, wild group, travels an unknown worldcan tend to wander aimlessly, for better and for worse. Michael Mastroiannis Freehold is an unusual road, or journey, story because it actually ends with the beginning of the real journey the aimless one, that is. In fact, theres not much, if any, aimless wandering in Freehold; rather, it is quite specific in its narrative arc. At the outset, Freehold resists the convention of going to college, and instead heads west, but with a very specific mission in mind; still, Mike Mastroianni captures the freespirited sense of the open road, as well as a sense of the unpredictable, unplanned story. Specific as the protagonists mission is, he is in for some surprises; what he finds sets him on a path he never expected, a path even more wide open than the one he set out on in the first place. Having completed his quest to discover his fathers past, hes no longer ashamed to admit hes a man without a plan. Only now does the real wandering begin as he heads home, having discovered some new truth. In what is perhaps the most famous road story of the modern eraOn the Road, by Jack Kerouacthe protagonists mission is much less specific than Freeholds, though, like Freehold, he seeks to escape the conventions of the east. And so Sal Paradise, on the road, hitchhikes westfirst to Denver, then to Californiato meet up with friends. It is anything but hardboiled suspense that sustains the interest of Kerouacs readers; quite to the contrary, it is the ruthless promise of episodic consistency, brought to vivid life by the open-minded narrator-protagonist, whose only real goal is to resist having one certainly not the kind of goal that drives conventional stories. For Kerouacand his writer-cronies, the Beatniksthat was the point: to resist convention, in both life and art, to embrace the next event and cast of characters that life may bring. The reader of On the Road might wonder, how long can Sal Paradise go on like this, just hitchhiking around, seeing new sights and encountering interesting peoplebut without some greater purpose in mind? The reader might also wonder, how long can the novel go on like this? Can the novel go on until the end like this and then just fade out or stop abruptlyor will something dramatic happen, forcing Sal Paradise to act decisively, to change his route

135 perhaps to head back eastrather than to continue to drift westward. It can be invigorating and thrilling to read Kerouac; and it can be tempting to want to imitate himthat freewheeling prose, that unplanned plot unfolding like the open road. Well, why not? Go for it. See what you, and your characters, discover. But be wary of the fact that what might be fun for the writerthe sprawling, unplanned plot; the wild, untamed prosemight not be so interesting to the reader. A good story cant just be about aimless wanderingor even just about well-written prose. Exercise Write a journey story in which the protagonist seeks something. He may seek something specific, only to discover something else entirely. Consider that your protagonist need not set out on the road, nor must he travel by car. One need not travel far at all, to take a journey, to alter ones view, to enter new terrain, to move from one unknown world to another.

Pet Store Therapy Noah Painter-Davis 2002

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My life is a zoo. My house is the cage I live in. There are many animals in this cage. There are the damn cats: George, Chloe, Sammy, Scampers, Has No Leg, Punky, Sylvester, Mookie, Kitchee, Idgee, and Bo Bo. There are the family members: Ma, Prinsiss, and me. My ma, shes had a hard life. Death, divorce, obnoxious kids, death, divorce, obnoxious kids; it seems to be the trend. She substituted all this tragedy and heartache with the company of cats, one cat per tragedy. She loves them; hell, she talks to them more than her kids. She sings to them, feeds them smoked turkey, whipped cream, and Ben and Jerrys Chubby Hubby ice cream. She provides them with many lavatories; there is a litter box next to the kitchen table. Try to take a bite of sauerkraut while George is doing his business. My sis, she has got that permanent PMS. Shes an actress type, and she expects the royal treatment. But instead of walking on the red carpet to the sound of trumpets to sit in her throne, shes jumping over grass-induced vomit, piles of spent Friskies, lazy cats, and litter boxes. The trumpets are a mixture of my mom serenading the cats, my moms persistent bleeding cough, and my sisters throne sits with Has No Leg in it. Me, well Im a zoo in my own right. Im a ball of sweating nerves. My day is composed of washing my hands with soap and peroxide until they bleed, jumping over cracks in the floor so I wont catch AIDS, and avoiding my mom and her diseased, choking-on-sandpaper cough. When I was diagnosed with OCD, my sister became Sigmund Freud. Talking about penis envy and anger displacement. Anything I did was a symptom of OCD. If I pissed more than once an hour, she would say I was pissing with passion to release anxiety. My ma, she wasnt much better; now that I avoided her because of my OCD, she would need to pick up another stray cat to offset the trauma. My ma picks up crippled kitties in West Philadelphia where she uses her hearts endless compassion by working with Special Ed children. In my suburban neighborhood of Media, my mom began getting all the neighborhood cats neutered, causing all the male cats to avoid my house like I avoid doorknobs. Because of my OCD my ma wanted to baby me and coddle me, but I avoided her and anything she touched, because I thought she had some contagious disease. I wouldnt touch her famous brown-sugar curry chicken or even give my mom a hug or a kiss. Hell, if one of her blouses touched one of my socks, Id put a Ziploc bag on my hand,

137 pick up the sock, throw it down the sewer with the Ziploc bog, come inside and wash my hands for an hour, then pour hydrogen peroxide on my hands. Follow the maze of bloody cracks in my hands to find the path to my pain. Imagine fearing the person you used to love the most. She thought this OCD would go away like a cold, and we would become the happy family again. When it didnt, she got vexed with the empty bottles of Dove soap, the hours of my sobbing and cussing, and the triple-digit water bill. My banging blonde psychiatrist recommended I get a job to distract my mind from OCD. She also prescribed a job in which I would have to confront my fear of germs. I took her advice. Hell, she was so hot Id stick one of Iggy Pops worn needles into my arm for her warm kiss. Ah, maybe not. Well anyway, I took her advice and reluctantly I got a job at a pet store called the Ark. I would expose my hands to shit, piss, dirty money, and dirty animals in order to conquer my demon, end get back to living. When I began working at the pet store it seemed like my own private hell. Piles of shit, puddles of piss, decapitated cricket heads, customers with unwashed hands holding dirty money, twelve-by-twelve poop-stained tiles, which meant a lot of jumping over cracks, and lazy co-workers. By taking this job, I dove into a cesspool of all my fears, hit my unbalanced-serotonin head on the concrete wall of my life, shattered my backbone, ripped out my guts, and was made a paraplegic coward. But to defeat OCD, I understood that I had to expose myself to my demon, and I knew the Ark was a house of my demons. Its my third week at this store. In the past week Ive already gone through five Imodium A-D boxes to prevent the runs, thirteen squirt bottles of Gods Gift to Man antibacterial soapand ten Clonopins, pills that are supposed to stop my germ-induced breakdowns. Im beginning to learn the ropes. As a pet-store worker one must first smoke pot in the bathroom ten minutes before work. After that, one must take a bong hit every hour on the hour during work, plus snort a pixie stick of a variety of any other powders up your nose. To maintain energy throughout a strenuous work day of pot smoking and nose banging, one must steel ten dollars out of the register to purchase a dill-pickle-looking, worty hotdog, and a Mountain Dew energy drink. Intermittently throughout the festive workday an employee must granny his way over to the register in a scoliosis posture end sell some Catnip Bubbles or Doggy Manicure paint. I bypass the drugs and stick to avoiding as many germs and piles of poop as possible. I also enjoy running back and forth

138 down aisle one with the gumball machine on my shoulders. I depend on my Anaphranil, a serotonin-balancing drug that combats OCD, to get me through my nerve-racking day. Work at the pet store has been hell today. It seems as though someone fed the dogs chili con carne and milk stained with five-days expiration and laxatives. Dave, my coworker, wont help in the marathon of crap, for he is with his dime bag in the bathroom, where aim is bad, toilet-seat piss is plenty, and bathroom hot boxing is the rage. Besides murdering his brain cells, Dave enjoys decapitating our ten-cents-apiece crickets with an expert rubber-band shot, rapping about the tortures of parvo and bowling with a rawhide ball and dented Alpo can for pins. As for me, Im picking up shit, doing frantic circles around the dog cubicles, with doubled-up rubber gloves, and tears hammering their way to my eyelids. As my body trembled with germ epilepsy, Dave approached with blazed pupils, which were crying for Sore Eyes Solution. Dave stood there astonished, looking at me with my doubled-up gloves, which were covered with Ziploc bags. He gave me his expert advice, Damn, man, shit cant hurt you. You dont need all the protective gear. All you need is some hands. Watch. He nonchalantly picked up Pug-shit paper and threw it in the trash can. My jaw dropped when Dave, without cleansing his hands, ripped open a bag of Doritos, and started chomping. Hey, you want one? Its on the house. No thanks. I took off my gloves and threw away the Ziploc bag. Once Dave went to bowl in aisle three, I look our my antibacterial lotion and washed my hands. The phone rang under the barks of dogs, so I tore a piece of paper towel from a roll and picked it up. Careful not to touch the receiver, I said, The Ark, how may I help you? The lady asked about some kittens, prices, breeds, and color. To her questions I crumpled my face into an I-dont-know expression. What? I didnt know there were breeds of cats. Well, sure you got your lions and tigers, but when it comes to cats I thought the color and size separated them. Damn, I have ten cats, but I dont know a lick about em. Well, Miss, we have one kitten in right now. I dont know much about him. Im more of a fish expert, so I dont know the breed. But I can tell you its damn cute. If my mom didnt have ten cats Id be itching to take it home. Phhhhthanks very little, she said. Her bitchy tone gave my humor an itch and I just had to scratch it, By Sir. I hung

139 up the phone. I glanced upward at the cracked clock that had barely avoided the rawhide Dave threw yesterday with me as the target. Hell, it was only six oclock. I was stuck between two hellsthe hell of germs here and the hell of my moms cough and my sisters eyes. The only bright side in this dark day was that my mom was coming home late tonight because she had some meeting. The less time I have to submit to that cough the better. Hell, I used to look forward to my ma coming home early. It meant celery with peanut butter, root-beer floats, conversations about Philadelphia sports and future plans. It meant the occasional free-throw shooting contest or a Flyers game. I think of the good times and I cry because the only obstacle between them is some non-sensible bullshit rambling in my head. I thought of how my ma and I used to surprise each other with gifts. Shed give me Cadbury milk chocolate bars or a Michael Jordan trading card. Id give a flower or a little poem in return. Damn, those were good times. Well, she replaced my gifts and love with those kittens. Thinking of Ma, I went back to look at the kitten. I was looking through the glass, admiring the beauty of a kitty. She had some unique colors, like taking some melted orange sherbet and dripping it on a furry white carpet. She was pawing at the glass with them sweet sherbet paws. Irresistible enough, so I took her out of the cage. I petted her soft fur as it licked my hand with a sweet purr. It curled up in my arms and started sucking on my shirt. Searching for her mothers milk that she was robbed of too early in the stages of life. I thought of how my mom would love to have this kitten sleeping above her head. How she would love to sing this kitten a song and feed it barbecued smoked turkey. I thought of how this kitten had strayed away from her loving mother and was now searching for her in my shirt. My mom and I were close before OCD separated us. Wed go to Eagles games, root for Jerome Brown, sit in awe as Randall left the pocket. Wed throw the pigskin on the freshly mowed grass. My mom took on fatherly duties, after she composed herself from the pain of my vacant Dads abusive departure. He threw scalding hot Alphabet Soup on her face, which spelled out words of degradation that burned her heart. As the kitten continued to wet my shirt, I felt a sudden urge to hug my mom and take her to a ball game. But then I thought of that cough I feared. An OCD fear is like poison ivy: you itch it with compulsive rituals like washing, but its harder for it to heal. I itched my fear of that cough with avoidance and denial of loving contact.

140 My thoughts were interrupted by Dave yelling to me that a man needed help at the register. I was surprised that a customer was in the store because of the hurricane downpour of rain that had been pounding the area all day. Youd have to be crazy to drive or even walk in that rain. I took the kitty from the artificial nipple of my shirt; I patted its head and put it back in its cage. I drudged my way to the register, seeing that a dirty biker was waiting to buy two rats for some snake. The register is a dimension of my hell, dirty money taken from dirty hands. As the toothless bikers money touched my hand, the anxiety crept up into my body. My heartbeat thumped louder, as my glue-stick fingers hit the germ-infected keys. My pedigree muscles from benching IAMS dog bags tightened like the American Boa around a sacrificial mouse. In the back of the store I could hear the sherbet kitty meowing. It longed for its mothers nipple. Meanwhile the germs on my hands caused a nervous rat to scratch its way from my heart, tearing through my esophagus, dying in my dry throat. Tears seemed to seep from my turbulent mind, crying down my face, dying in a pool of sweat on my shirt. When the biker was cared for, my OCD breathed a sigh of relief. I could squirt my hands with anti-bacterial lotion. I went for my secret nook where I hid my lotion, but it was gone. I searched frantically for the lotion, feeling the germs devouring my hands and nerves. I screamed to Dave, asking where is that lotion I bring? Dave hollered back that he was cleaning up and threw it out. My mind circled. The rat appeared in my throat again and I choked on its sweaty fur. I hurdled the cracks in the tiles, running for the bathroom I have tried to avoid. I kicked open the bathroom door with my shoe, and was punched in the gut by the sight of stale piss, mucus in the sink, and a worn ashtray next to the faucet. I felt the germs slicing off oxygen to my throat. I felt like a heroin addict craving a fix. I craved soap. I sat in the stock room and cried, denied of my savior of soap. My tears mingled with the sound of Sherbets meowing. I staggered to her cage, searching for solace. I took Sherbet in my arms and melted into a corner. She kissed and licked my salty tears, and then again went for my shirts artificial mothers nipple. Her licks, kisses, and soft fur slowly sedated my anxiety. As the anxiety subsided, pride filled my heart because for this instant my hands did not crave the soap, only this kittens fur. It was an exposure battle victory in the war against OCD. I had touched stained money and I had not washed my hands. It was a step. My heart and legs felt the sudden urge to run to my

141 mother, to dominate my fear of her dirty cough and give her a hug, and tell her about my step. I followed the urge. I exited the store, with Sherbet under my shirt. The summer rain pounded my bare arms, but Sherbet was safe under my shirt. I ran through the dark, soaking wet, I jumped over sidewalk cracks, I ran past stop signs, block after block to the light of my house. I approached my lighted doorway, a safe haven from the violent rain. I went to open the doorknob with my sleeve covering my coward hand. But I said, today will be a day of redemptive pride, and I defied OCD once again and opened the knob with one of my blood-cracked hands. I entered my house that suddenly felt like home again. I sat on a chair at the dining room table, below a wooden kitten sign that I bought my mom two Christmases ago. The sign was engraved, Strays Welcome. I took Sherbet from under my shirt. She once again found comfort in the artificial milk of my shirt. The milk dried and died, as I waited, for my mom never made it home.

NOAH PAINTER-DAVIS After graduating from Penncrest in 2002, I attended Susquehanna University. I wanted to be a psychiatrist, but biology is too complicated. I wanted to be a therapist, but I cant stay in an office all daybesides some of my patients might be hot and vulnerable, which would be a conflict of interest. So, I think Im going to be a lawyer, a heavy-metal singer, an ultimate fighter, or an actor, or a combination of these. I may try to get into politics.

142 Dubya inspires me in only one way: he was (and is) a screw-up, but still became the president, not once but twice. So maybe I can. If everything goes bad, Im excited that my favorite psychology teacher told me that if I got to prison Id run it. Reflection on Pet Shop Therapy My story was inspired by my experience with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. I find the disorder very painful, but also very hilarious because of some of the lunacy and creativity it creates. I melded this experience with my family life and the zoo that still exists here. Only nine cats nowGeorge was hit by a truck a couple weeks ago, but an unnamed kitty, who has a mysterious bump on its back that oozes, replaced it. As for the story, I think the story was therapeutic; it seemed interesting and was easy to write because I was living it. I would change much of my story. Rereading it for the first time after three-plus years, I found that there were way too many adjectives, metaphors, similes, and other literary words that evade me at the moment. It was so cute that it seemed a little ugly. I would also change the vague endingmy mother never came home. That was a little abrupt. I didnt know how to end the story, so I just killed off my mom. Some other possible endings could include: her coming home and showing more love to the cat than me, me killing the cats so she would pay more attention to me, suicide, murder, a love fling with one of the cats, or end it how it beganwith stagnant confusion. Im pleased at the honesty of my story. Most of the story is based off truth: the rituals, my co-worker, the work environment, my mother, the cats as mechanisms for coping with tragedy. Today I write only poetry. I write when Im pissed off, sad, or in love, which is about every other day. A lot of inspiration for my writing has come from the band Tool, NIN, the writer Jonathon Saffron Foer, my continuing experience with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, and my hate of the Republican Party and the religious zealots. Anyway, I may write another story, some memoirs under an alias, because the stories would be ridiculous and embarrassing even to a corpse.

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Teacher Reflection The Setting As Battleground in Noah Painter-Daviss Pet Store Therapy In Pet Store Therapy Noah Painter-Davis captures the protagonists inner conflict through his engagement with his external surroundingsnot only the pet store but also his home. Two opposing ideas make up the protagonists inner conflict: his conscious desire

144 to conquer Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and his unconscious desire to reconnect with his mother, who is, like her home, anything but clean. The tension between these two opposing forcesthe conscious versus the unconscious desireis the driving force of the story. What Noah does so well is to make physicalor externalthat which is internal. That is, he creates the perfect setting for the protagonist to tackle his problem, forcing him to act, or, more to the point, to interact with the setting. Whats more, Noah establishes the unlikely setting of the pet store in a convincing way, by having the therapist challenge the protagonist to seek work that would most challenge him to overcome his neuroses. In the beginning, the protagonist avoids home and dreads the pet store. Then, heroically, he takes on his OCD, eventually realizing his inner desire to reunite with his mother. In the end, he races home with a pet-store cat of his own. The bittersweet ending is thrilling and moving, especially when, it turns out, his mother is gonefor good. We are left celebrating the protagonists triumph, while sympathizing with his loss. The setting, in the end, once again reflects the protagonists inner life, as he sits alone at home, longing for the embrace of his mother, while embracing his newly beloved pet-store cat. Exercise Write a story, or a long scene, in which the setting serves as an arena for the protagonist to tackle his inner conflict. Ask yourself: what setting would be most challenging to my character? Immerse your character in this setting, pushing him to the limit and beyond, to the other side of the experience, where he faces his inner conflict once and for all. Perhaps consider a setting first and then imagine a character that would be challenged by this setting. For example, who would dread working in a Styrofoam cup factory? Why? Who would fear getting locked inside the public library overnight? Why? Who would hate to be a passenger on a bus? Why? Who would rather do anything else in the world than work in a pet store? Why?

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Leaving Places Jon Pitts 2002 If was mid-June end the last day of my junior year at Upper Oakland Heights Senior High School. Pushing open the double doors I was met with the towering sun that seemed to shine an incandescent bronze on the concrete. My blue Converse All-Stars strode through the asphalt-gravel mixture of my schools parking lot as I reminded myself

146 that with each crunchy footstep I would be farther and farther from a place I had no wish to return to. Across the bay they had abandoned Haight-Ashbury and went south for the bright lights and disco balls of the City of Angels. Meanwhile, alcohol had gotten the best of Berkley Villages hero, Sal Paradise, and forced him to go to a place far north. After winning three World Series with the As and capturing the hearts of thousands of kids across Northern California, Reggie Jackson went east for the fat salaries and glamour of New York City. Walking to my 52nd Street apartment I wondered to myself, as I did many times during that age of my life, why everyone felt the need to leave places. Continuing to walk up the crooked steps of the complex I reached for my keys as I unlocked the third-floor apartment that Mom and I shared for as long as I could remember. Pushing open the paintchipped door and flicking on the light switch, I gave out my usual hello that never seemed to get returned. Dad, too, was someone who had left us. It had been thirteen years before. There are better opportunities for an aspiring musician like me in Los Angeles, was what hed told my mom. Im not ready for a family, was what shed heard. Walking across the thick carpet that disguised the discolored floor beams, I turned the knob on our 18-inch JVC as images of Jimmy Carter panned across the television set. Grabbing a bottle of pop from the kitchen and cracking the window, I situated myself down on the green couch that seemed to sink deeper with every nightly sitting it endured during Barnie Miller re-runs. The clock red 1:27, and before I could help it I quickly dozed off. Peter! Are you home? Its me. I was awakened by my moms voice coming from across the hall through the front door. With her face hidden behind overflowing brown bags that read Jewel-T Groceries, my mom returned from one of her two jobs. She worked at an insurance agency and her brothers car agency where she did billing on the side. Yeah, Mom, you dont need to yell. Im right here on the couch, I said, still half asleep and unsure of where time had gone. Im sorry. But listen, Pete, Im going to put the food in the oven for you. I need to take a shower. It just needs to be heated for ten or fifteen minutes. Im really in a hurry. Im meeting a man for dinner in about on hour. Okay? Its 6:00 already! Mom, I have to go to Darryls, I exclaimed, thumping onto the

147 carpet, still dizzy from sleep. Were having a rehearsal tonight. We have a gig at some VFW next week. Thats fine, Peter, but I dont want you coming home smelling like that reefer. Mrs. Harkins suspects some of the kids on the block have been selling marijuana. I appreciated the concern my mom gave me as she tried to play the role of double-parent, but I couldnt help but laugh inside at the way she shot me those naive statements. Returning in the role of the teenage son, I responded with an innocent chuckle. Mom, Mrs. Harkins also still thinks Castro paid Johnson to invade Vietnam Listen, I wont be late. Just have a good time on your date. Its not a date, stop saying that. Its dinnerwith a co-worker who happens to be a friend of mine. And thats why I have to go now, she said with a firm and defensive look. Okay, Mom. Its dinner. Hustling up the stairs, she yelled down, Dont forget to take your food out of the oven. Turning to the guest room, I began to gather my items, which sat in the corner of the room. Sitting on the far left was my beige Danalectro transistor amplifier that was stained with a brown hue due to the influx of cigarette smoke it withheld while sitting in the back rehearsal room of Buddys Music Shop, the place where I had purchased it several years back. Leaning up next to it was its partner in crime, hidden within a brown leather case with twangy wires peaking out the top zipper. It was a 1957 white fender telecaster that had turned cream. I remembered vividly the day it was given to me for my 13th birthday. My grandfather handed it to me with a big smile as he continued to tell me how it was a gift from my father. You know, I think it was one of his own, hed tell me with that long smile that pierced his dry and wrinkled skin. I could only smile back. Deep down inside we both knew that my grandfather had bought it for me. But years had gone by since those days in which I was the little kid who ran around the house by himself pretending to be the latest childhood sensation on American Bandstand. Holidays would be a time when Id get the family around the couch and do my Buddy Holly impersonations. Theyd all give me compliments and it seemed that the only thing they were holding back was the your father would be proud comment. Dad was more than a musician, or so my aunt would tell me

148 before Mom would interrupt. Dont tell the boy fairy tales, shed tell her sisters. I learned from these accounts that growing up he played the piano, bass, guitar, cello, a few wind instruments, and he could even keep a beat on the drum set. It was where I inherited musical intuition. I had a gift, was what my mom told me. I told myself it came from him. I guess it was the one gift a father could give a son without ever being around him. Suddenly smoke started to rise from the kitchen counter as my mom stormed down the stairs. God damn it, Peter, dont you smell that? With her hair still wet and only guarded by a towel, my mom dashed past me to turn the oven off, almost knocking the speaker out of my hand. Still spaced out and storing, I continued to peer out of the aged and foggy windows that looked down upon the concrete maze that was Packson Avenue. I finally gathered myself. Picking up my amplifier, I began to drag it across the room with my guitar strapped around my back, ignoring the sounds of my confused mother. I mumbled something, in regards to not being hungry, and ducked out the front door. As I walked down the steps, my senses were flooded, the fusion of burnt grilled cheese and the summer night. * It was about 11:30 and the third time during the long night that we had done Bostons ForeplayLong Time. My eyes burned from the cigarette smoke that seemed to swirl about Darryl McMahons basement like sand on a windy desert. With my eyes closed as my fingers jumped around the fret board, I got lost in the moment. Pretending to be Jerry Garcia, I took a solo with my eyes closed. Suddenly the moment of ecstasy came to a halt with the blinking of fluorescent ceiling lights. What the hell! You have got to be kidding me, yelled Tim Lewis from his seat behind the drum set he could barely see over. Interrupted in the moment by Darryls mom, a 1970s version of June Cleaver, the perplexed and frustrated group one by one stopped playing their instruments as she yelled from the top of the stairwell of their two-floor home in the nicer part of Oakland. Boys Its getting kind of late. And, Darryl, you need to get up early tomorrow.

149 I think its time you should pack up. Mrs. McMahon yelled from the top of the stairs in an innocent voice. Tim, the wise-ass of the group, got up from his stool. Darryl, man, your mom has to be stopped. I was feeling something there, man. I mean, I really was. Were gonna have to find a new place to rehearse. The band continued to argue, while I kept quiet and began to wrap my torn wire around the back holster of the amplifier. Filing out we all smoked one last cigarette, realizing that much hadnt been accomplished in the two-and-a-half-hour practice. But every night that seemed to be okay. We would dance around a few tunes for over twenty minutes apiece and live things up for the moment. And that, with the help of Darryls older sisters secret brownies, was enough to get us all high. As I made my way home, lights from the citys transit bus up ahead at the edge of Packson and 49th Streets served as a beacon. It was after twelve and I was still exhausted from the long night. I followed my tall shadow down the empty street, wondering if my mom had been let down by another man who was not worthy of her. The sounds of clashing loose chain nets and bouncing basketballs resonated as white kids were challenging black kids in a pickup game under the yellow-orange lights that hovered over the courts. Taking old-man steps, I carted my equipment up the stairs and pushed open the door that was suspiciously left open. One small lamp was enough to show my mothers aged face that leaned up against the couch. She was both motionless and still, her cheeks still red, as dried-up tears could be seen on her face from the doorway. On the floor lay stacks of picture albums covered in dust and faded labels and emblems. She didnt say anything, trading looks between me and the unoccupied space that lay behind the half-open door. Before I could make it to the top of the steps my mom stopped me. Peter, she said softly. Peter, your other grandmother called. She wanted to let us know that we wouldnt be getting a check in the mail. She choked on her tears as she continued to give me the message. It was all because of a phone call she had gotten that night. My grandmother on my fathers side, whom I rarely saw, had called in a casual fashion, like a distant cousin checking in to say hello, or a librarian to remind you a book was overdue. It was a simple message: her son had died two nights prior. He had been killed in a fight outside a jazz club in San Francisco. He had been right next-door all these years. My rationalization had come to a halt. There had been no exciting music ventures

150 in Los Angeles that I had dreamt of, and no spreading of his compositions in the coffee houses of Greenwich Village. He had never truly left us. * Labor Day block party flyers and back-to-school advertisements layered the telephone poles outside the Greyhound station. Along with an ambitious wad of cash, packs of DAddario guitar strings stuffed my pockets. Mom had left forty minutes ago and the only words she left me with were to call every day. Across the terminal a boy about my age, with a sweatshirt that said the words, Go Ducks, kissed his mom and dad as he boarded a bus headed for Eugene. I lifted up my guitar before the light drizzle could stain its brown leather case. Clutched tightly in my hands were two items: a damp sheet covered with phone numbers and addresses my moms sister had given me, and a bus ticket that read Terminal 4Departure: 4:50. Out of nowhere the sound of a bus engine wailed as it pulled under the overhang and came to a stop. People made their way off the bus. A man from inside the station came outside. Along with a ladder, he had in his hand a bucketful of large cardboard letters that would replace the word Oakland on the front of the bus. My watch read 4:17, and when I looked back up the letters L, O, and S were already stuck to the front of the bus. It was brisk out and summer was almost over.

JONATHAN PITTS I am a senior at Providence College in Rhode Island, currently student-teaching American Government at North Providence High School. Reflection on Leaving Places Aside from a couple hours at the Los Angeles International Airport, Ive yet to reach Americas last frontier, and the dream of doing so served as inspiration for the setting of Leaving Places. In terms of making the story into a timepiece, I was intrigued with the idea of setting it in a period just after one of contemporary intrigue. After interviewing

151 my European History teacher, Rob Simpson, for a length of time, I came up with a list of pop-culture referencessports, music, TVthat I felt would help detail and support my conceptualization of the broken neighborhoods of Oakland, California, in the mid-1970s. As I wrote, attempting to capture the feeling of a foreign era was as important as developing a strong plot, which I knew would come naturally. I was reading a lot of John Updike at the time, and I wanted to give my story a similar kind of broken-hearted middleclass Americana, which I felt the audience could sympathize with. I wanted to write a story about youth, coming of age, family, and music, set in a place that was dichotomous to the conception of the free-spirit one imagines at the corner of Haight-Asbury in 1969, long before this sort of idealized counter-culture fizzled and American youth left Golden Gate Park for Studio 54. My goal was to remind the reader of the unique power that is the passion of youth. Playing and listening to music my entire life, I wanted to highlight the unique power of musical expression and how this creative art, examined at a modest and individual level, can help humanity endure and drive to meet their passion. I tried to write Leaving Places while using selective and concise wording, to leave much to the readers imagination. As the story closes, the last location where I leave the protagonist is at an Oakland bus terminal. Here the character is en route to Los Angeles, a place saturated with ambitious and nave musical aspirations. The reader sees only the letters L-O-S appear on the bus marqueethis is as much a reference to the city Peter is destined for as it is to the idea of his being lost in his dreams and passion. Teacher Reflection The Story Arcand Scene Arcsin Jonathan Pittss Leaving Places A story in which nothing changes is probably not much of story. In Jonathan Pittss Leaving Places, Peter, the protagonist, changes dramatically: in the opening scene he starts out wondering, sadly, it seems, why everyone felt the need to leave places, and by the last scene he himself is leaving Oakland for Los Angeles. Peter demonstrates an emotional change as well as a physical one: he has matured, realizing the truth of his father; in the end he is beginning a journey. This changeor change in valueis the

152 overall arc of the story, which itself is made up of individual scenes that have their own arcsthat is, every scene is marked by some change in value. Not coincidentally, given the storys themeand titleevery scenes arc revolves around the notion of leaving places. In the first scene Peter has just left high school, thinking of his father, who left Oakland for Los Angeles, and of Reggie Jackson, who left Oakland for New York; the scene ends with Peter arriving home, where life is secure and predictable. There is a physical arc and an emotional arc: he leaves school, and then he arrives home; he is pensive about leaving places, particularly about his father having left years ago, and then he escapes his thoughts by watching TV and dozing off. The second scene begins where the first left off: he awakes on the couch when his mother arrives home; by the end of the scene he leaves to go to Daryls. In addition to this physical arc, there is an emotional arc as well: tension rises progressively from the moment his mother sets foot in the house, rushing to get ready for a date, instructing Peter about his dinner in the oven, and warning him about smoking marijuana. In the beginning of the third scene Peter and his pals are jamming in the basement, smoking cigarettes, just before Daryls mother interrupts; by the end of the scene he is, once again, leaving. There is also an emotional arc, if a subtle one: first Peters mother, having warned him about marijuana, and now Daryls mother, seem to be effectively hindering the boys freedom; but by the end of the scene Peter admits that the bands practices, with the help of Darryls older sisters secret brownies, was enough to get us all high. Arriving home again in scene four, Peter learns of the death of his father, who never lived out his dreams and never truly left us. The final scene completes the storys overall arc, revealing Peter as a changed man, poised to leave home, to pursue his own dreams in Los Angeles, the letters L, O, S replacing Oakland on the front of the bus. Exercise Write a scene containing both a physical and emotional arc. First, outline your plan for the scene. For example, before writing Leaving Places, Jonathan Pitts might have written in his outline: Scene One. Physical arc: Peter leaves high school on last day of school

153 and then he goes home. Emotional arc: Hes thoughtful about leaving places, especially about his dadand then he escapes his thoughts by watching TV and dozing off.

Stasis Scott Pritchard 2002

Glasses clinked loudly as guests made their rounds. There was a sweet holiday reverie in the air as people mingled, supplanting worries and obligations with mistletoe and eggnog. The Christmas tree stood alight in the vast hallway as a beacon drawing people together. Martin Forester looked around nostalgically, watching his mother. Sweeping through the house, her face gushing with charm, she catered to people with the reassurance and poise of a time-tested flight attendant in a plane that was spiraling toward the ground. She carried herself with practical elegance and an understated aura of self-importance while she happily received her guests. The house filled every year with a family that was still growing in spades. Hugs were exchanged, kisses were distributed, and then after crme brulee they were shuffled out the door until next Christmas.

154 Walls vibrated with distant memories embodied in kitschy knickknacks and tired platitudes. Plaques hovered everywhere on well-lit walls declaring such things as Home is where the heart is, and Martin studied them with pointed concentration, hoping to find a truism that could help him get through the night (this was a brilliant conversationavoidance tactic, as well). He felt self-conscious around his family, thinking about the plaques. Life came conveniently packaged in these gift-card aphorisms for the Foresters. It was their creed, and, to his mother, the final word in all affairs. Both parents had countless siblings, so they felt it was necessary to preen and indulge their only son. They shoved the idea of family down his throat, coddling Martin while balancing the worldly life. Hers was a variety of suburban sophisticationgrace without the jaded cynicism, in the end, always willing to make punch and lemonade and live in a house that placed comfort over fashion. He watched her fondly with a smile. With drink in hand Martin walked around the house trying to keep a low profile. Between sips of scotch he noticed the dim outline of his father, huddled into the corner like a frightened deer. Martin gazed into the fray with a thoughtful stare, catching his fathers eye. The man walked slowly, carefully plotting every step, limping with the gait of an aged prizefighter. His barrel chest and huge muscles that Martin remembered as a child had been whisked away on the wings of old age; in their place, a more delicate, refined frame remained. The man behind it wandered towards him. His fathers demeanor suggested a well of infinite patience and reserve, undaunted by the continual passage of time. It wasnt far from the truth, and it never failed to unnerve his only son. So how have you been, son? Its been a while. Martin noticed his eyes dart around as he spoke, probably contemplating a quick escape, but ever wary of the threat of his wife, the omniscient hostess. Martin waited for a while to feel him out. He knew that his father hated parties, due to an unconscious aversion to small talk. Knocking around sports scores and the status of the market was unfathomable to a man who measured his words in spoonfuls as if too much would poison him. Well, theres really no reason to complain. Martin spoke softly, looking down into the bottom of his glass, trying to penetrate through the brown liquid to the floor. He was unable to think clearly and wanted to disappear among the decorations. Either the drinks, the heat, or the people placed him into a vague lull of complacency. They walked

155 on, taking in the scene without a word between them. Martins feet became heavy, lethargically navigating the tiles that felt like quicksand. A measured yet enviable continuum among these circles of happy nuclear families had once again gotten the better of him. A heavy blanket of guilt descended. He felt anxious, desiring continuity and, at the very least, some semblance of normality. Life had been turning in reckless circles recently, and family get-togethers were too strong a reminder that he was still alone. As Martin looked into the face of this man riding on the coattails of a ripened American dream, he realized that, for his father, everything had been leading to these last couple years that his son had frittered away like dust to the windhe was just an old, eager man inviting his child to harvest the fields he had sown, and preserve his legacy. There Martin stood, thirty-six years old, the only remaining bachelor in the entire house, relegated to the position of suspiciously single, and, to a group of concerned parents and family, a bit flaky. Really, your mother is going to explode at this pace. She makes a run around the house every two minutes. I dont know how she does it. You know how she lives for this kind of thing. Shes a special person Speaking of which, how is that lovely girlfriend of yours? Where is she anyway? He was using his shrewdest conversational technique: redirecting everything back to his sons inadequacies. Martin spoke quickly, Not now, Dad. Let me just enjoy this. It really is nice to be around normal people every once in a while. He was from New York. That seemed to explain a lot. Well, it seems everyones had just about enough anyway. Theyre all heading home. Why dont you stay for a while? Were on a break, okay? There. Things just havent felt right lately. Caras just soso demanding. Sometimes I think I just dont have the energy for her. Martin automatically jumped on the defensive. Between her and the family, he never felt like he was doing the right thing. There was always a division, and Martin was walking a thin line between fantasy and reality. His father nodded gravely as if someone had died. It was a genuine, discomforting look of concern. He couldnt understand how anyone could be happy alone. Martin had fought him for years, but now as he stood under the grand inquisition, he was starting to

156 think his father might be right. He had been with this girl for over a year now, and there was not one single reason that he didnt just take the plunge; there was not one single reason why she couldnt be the one. It was perfectly sensible. Of course he couldnt concede this to his father, however, because he knew the path that this conversation was heading. He had taken it many times before. It happened every year. Visiting this huge family was a perfect way to undergo the irony of feeling lonely and dejected among the people he loved. He eyed the door, knowing it was time to go. Martin patted his father on the back and let out a quick stab at assurance, Its only a temporary thing, dont worry, well be fine. He said this regardless of how he felt. Things might not be quite so temporary. Grabbing his coat off the hook by the door, Martin took a deep breath and prepared to placate his mother, and tell her about all the grandchildren that she could expect soon enough. With hugs and kisses dispensed and energy reserves depleted, life could resume as usual. They would be out on the town by now on a normal night. Martin pictured her in that slinky green dress, attending a debutante ball where she could spread her wings as the social butterfly that she was, unhindered by the practical boyfriend resigned to following her around like a well-trained and devoted puppy nipping at her heels, waiting for a sign of affection. Tonight, Martin had startled himself with the idea that maybe she was it. A week earlier he had been skirting around the idea of moving in together and now marriage was in the picture? His stomach turned over in knots. It didnt seem to matter all that much anyway, because she was sick and tired of a man who couldnt share the same apartment with her, no matter how much she loved him. And rightfully so. He felt detachment again, an unanchored sensation of not knowing what was twenty-five years ahead of him or even behind, clinging to his job as if it was the last bastion of reliability in his life. It centered him. Martin was the owner of one of the endless line of chic city restaurants with a big name, a big price tag, a big following, and mediocre food. As he passed it on the way back to Bleaker Street and his apartment in between honks and stop-and-go traffic, he glanced inside the restaurant, bustling as usual with the never-ending supply of hipsters and suits that streamed through the wide double doors and into his wallet. The place ran itself. Martin was essentially an intermediary who merely had to sit back and keep the machine running. He had put every waking minute

157 into that restaurant, and, even now, he really wanted to be in there making sure everything was all right. Now there was a full-time manager. He was passing the reigns a little bit, reluctantly (at the request of Cara), and although Martin still had total control, it seemed to him that even the restaurant was slipping away. It still took a lot out of him not to be there tonight, even for one night of the year; conceding a Saturday to a green manager was appalling. The restaurant was where he met Cara for the first time. She was an odd beauty dark eyes and hair, lips that were a little too wide and a chin that almost receded, yet somehow it all came together into a sultry, mesmerizing face of caramel skin that could make a man scream inside. He finally pulled into the garage, a subterranean palace for car owners in New York City, unrestricted parking, an unnecessary convenience (the car was an unnecessary convenience as well) in the ballpark of $700 a month. Martin pulled in carefully, stepped out and pushed his remote. The car beeped smugly to let the world know it was expensive, and now impregnable. As Martin approached the elevator, Cara wouldnt leave his mind for a second. She hung there, a selfish specter creating a tiresome ache that seeped throughout his body and sweat out his pores. His fathers few words, echoed around her image, stood resolutely above her head as Martin shrugged involuntarily, placed the key into the lock and turned it slowly as if the right timing might bring her back. He imagined walking into his apartment, hanging up his coat and having a nice dinner waiting for him from a smiling, doting wife. Maybe he could even say, Honey, Im home! Those greeting-card aphorisms seemed utterly inspired right now. He opened the door, half expecting it to be true, but instead was greeted by a dark apartment with the hominess of a museum and a barren Christmas tree. Life could resume as usual. He turned the light on, walked over to the couch and collapsed. Not knowing what to do with himself, he turned on the TV and absentmindedly clicked through the channels. The screen flared obnoxiously with advertisements in the guise of holiday cheer. Smiling faces and happy kids opening presents that turned out to be a new DVD player or a powerful vacuum cleaner placed their insidious hooks in Martins mind. Click. Its a Wonderful Life. Click. Here comes Santa Claus. Click. The Family Man. Click. The screen went blank. Holiday spirit had infiltrated the Forester home. Martin headed directly for the liquor cabinet. He poured himself a stiff drink and

158 went to his room. On his way down the ornate, spacious hallway he stopped at an end table and picked up the phone. He stared at it for a second, visualizing the numbers he wanted to press so desperately. She was out now, though. It was supposedly better this way; she would stay with her family and Martin with his, and that would give them both time to reflect on where their relationship was going. For some reason, Martin didnt even know what to reflect on. He entered his room and took out a photo album. It was from their time together in Paris, the romance capital of the world. They drank wine, talked about their lives, felt even more sophisticated than being in New York, and walked the streets hand in hand. To Martin, that trip just felt right. It looked right. He ran his fingers slowly over the glossy image while closing his eyes. During a walk through the arch of the Arc de Triumphe, Martin felt as if it were the gateway to a new world, and the beginning of a long stretch of time where everything would just be all right. Thats all he really wanted. Now Martin looked at it differently. Instead the Arc fell in on them, crumbling over their heads, leaving their hopes buried on the Champs Elysee one summer night. It was a moment forever frozen in time, and now as Martin sat alone on Christmas Eve, it marked something else, not the beginning, but rather the beginning of the end. If shed only call, he thought maybe they could get that back, rewind to the hot streets of Paris. Not only was Martin ready to commit, at this point, he was desperate to. He looked at them standing there under that massive structure of permanence, and started to cry. * She didnt call. Martin, slowly but surelywith the aid of busy holiday crowds and the passing of routine-filled daysbegan to create a soft shell of resiliency that covered the hole Christmas Eve had created. It was a tenuous and shaky resiliency, one that could be easily penetrated with something as mundane as sudden change in the temperature or shift in the wind, but nonetheless a start. Strolling through his empire, checking the counters and food stock, grilling the waiters on procedure, and filling the restaurant with a sense of urgency and purpose, Martin focused on the biggest night of the year: the last. The week had slipped by into a succession of forgettable days, days in

159 which the telephone lay silent as death, mocking him with its refusal to ring. Despite Martins gloomy disposition a week ago, in the back of his mind he really thought she would call. It forced him to consider something else, something in their relationship that shook its very core, something that was much more important than Martins refusal to share an apartment. But he had no idea what it could be. Whatever it was, he decided that it was her decision to call, he would hold steadfast, and tonight, December 31st, he was not going to sit in his apartment and brood, but participate in the end of a very, very long year. Satisfied that the restaurant was prepared for its influx of customers tonight, Martin once again conceded control to his manager, who had showed competence lately in Martins absence. There was a party tonight that one of Martins friends had decided to have. After much internal debate, Martin decided that he was going to go. He was not going to put his life on hold for her. She could wait for him for a change. Confident and excited about his tentative decision to resume life as it should be lived, Martin made one last sweep of the restaurant, chatting up the guests and making sure every last utensil was in place. He wanted tonight to go without a hitch. The party was in full swing by the time he arrived. Champagne and conversation were flowing freely, and Steve Masons massive apartment was bursting at the seams. Most people were well on their way to bringing in the New Year in time-honored tradition: inebriated. As Martin stepped through the door, he smiled. Cara was not here, she was not with him, and yet right now he wasnt thinking about her at all. Steve looked up from the full bar where he was sitting, and noticed Martin. He quickly ran over to greet his friend. Hey, Im really glad you could make it. Things are really getting going here. Its great. His face was beaming, obviously ecstatic that so many people wanted to spend the final hours of the year in his apartment, and in his company. Some people are just naturalborn hosts. Steve was a man who affected sincerity in every possible situation because it benefited him. He wrote about people, studied their quirks and motivations. He took stories from the very kinds of people who were attending his party tonight. Being a good listener got him to the top of the bestseller lists and a never-ending stream of critics support that he downplayed whenever possible. He needed people to believe that he really cared about them, which made Martin uneasy and persistently self-conscious. Martin

160 tended to withhold judgment on the man, and, although friends, he was someone that he never really felt he knew. Yeah, it seems like it. Listen, Martin, you have a good time, all right. Let me grab your coat. Dont worry about Cara. Im sure you two will be fine. But in the meantime grab a drink and forget about her. He slapped Martin on the back and with a quick wink he was off to revel in the company of friends, and people who were there for free drinks. Overwhelmed, Martin just stood in the doorway for a moment, taking in the sight. People were everywhere. Martin weaved his way through bodies, and made his way to the bar. On his way he caught bits of conversation about such things as the erudite yet pedantic nature of Foucault and similar topics of interest at upscale Manhattan parties. He sat downnot planning to move until the night was over and quickly beginning to regret comingand ordered a drink. All around him the pleasant hum of conversation was filling his ears. He let himself fade out and get lost in the steady rhythm of the people with their metallic, tinny voices. It only took a few minutes for Martin to fade away. Then something broke the trance. Excuse me, Im sorry to bother you, but dont you work at the Russian Tea Room? I could have sworn Id seen you there before. Martin glanced over in the direction of this voice, and felt as though hed been hit by a bus. It was a visible straightening of his body and crinkling of the nose. He was about to fall off the stool. The girl was attractive, to say the very least. She had everything Cara didnt: a wonderful, well-proportioned body (not too thin), short brunette hair that was tousled in the way that said I just woke up but Im still gorgeous, and full, pouty lips. Martin wanted to sleep with her. Immediately. It wasnt even a conscious decision, but rather something that just came upespecially with a girl like this. Martin shifted in his seat nervously, having no idea what to say. Despite his experience and success in the city in situations such as these, his confidence left him and he became small and totally impotent. During the past year he had not had to worry about the dating game, and, now, as he sat there horrified, he realized that he had forgotten the basics. He thought about running home, getting a camera and taking a picture of her, and then leaving immediately as if he were a perverted high school student. It seemed the best thing to do in the situationat least something to remember her by if she slapped him

161 in the face and walked away. He was in no position to act confident around her or even talk to her. He racked his brain for something witty to say, but instead sat there awkwardly with a toothy, billboard grin that affected all the sincerity of a used car salesman. Finally Martin managed to sputter a few words in her direction. Umyes. Im the owner actually. Really? Well, it is an absolutely wonderful place. I try and go there as often as I can. Im glad you like it. My name is Martin Forester. He was regaining composure. Every second she deigned to continue speaking to him was a step in the right direction. Im Kristen Valdez. Martin breathed slowly, settling into normality. Her words were soothing and left him satisfied. After the initial moment of focusing on her beauty, he began to realize that she was much more than something to look at, or take a snapshot of and put on your wall. They talked into the night, Martin becoming more and more comfortable and engaged, and she seemingly absorbed in what he had to say. As they sat and talked, the rest of the party funneled away; they sat together without receiving or wanting distraction. They connected in a wispy, fleeting way, comfortable as only tipsy people in the throes of total anonymity can be, and Martin felt renewed. She was pleasant, interesting, and Martin was easily able to run the entire gamut of conversation with her. They touched on politics, New York parties, her job, his business. She asked him about his life, and their conversation took a somewhat pleasantly serious and intimate turn. He felt connected, ready to open up to her, to let everything come pouring out in a tidal wave of exasperation and regret that had built up inside him for the past couple weeks. But then he stopped himself. He looked into her face as the light glinted off her eyes, and realized that wasnt what he wanted to do. He didnt care. He wasnt here to bitch about his problems; for the moment he was completely and utterly engaged in life, and perceptions and responsibilities were quickly pushed out of his mind. Martin told her about Cara, but almost as an afterthought, a relationship on the rocks, with him having no idea of its status. He knew this was not a smart thing to do. He never saw himself as the type of person who cheated on a girlfriend, but were they even together? She nodded in complete understanding, confiding in him that she was in the same situation. They commiserated for a while, lightly and playfully, and then she

162 shrugged and said, Oh well. Life goes on. She was absolutely right. He knew that the real world would eventually come crashing back, and they would go their separate ways, but, for now, he was satisfied. Meanwhile, all around them the party was reaching its apex, and party favors were being passed around like bullets, arming the guests for their valiant expedition into a new year. Dick Clark commanded the attention of the room, and Martin turned in respect. On the screen, the silver ball had begun to drop, weighted with the baggage of the entire city. As it descended, it seemed to expand, taking on all the tribulations of the previous year, and, above it, 2002 levitated in neon brilliance, gleaming against the vast, starry night with the annual promise of renewal for all those who desperately needed it. The citys heart beat as one, while they stood focused on the ball, letting it purify them and fall away, seeping into the cracks of the broken sidewalks. Hope rose up steadily to meet the sign in the sky from heating vents in forgotten alleys. They clenched their party favors with nervebiting anticipation and held breath. Then it hit. The crowd exploded. It was time to move on. Martin savored the moment. Kristen turned around to face him, and he calmly put his hand behind her head and kissed her. She returned it passionately while they closed their eyes fulfilling promises made, connected, yet at the same time, lost in the ecstasy of millions starting again. The party was still going strong, and Martin had been mulling something over. He wanted to say something so she wouldnt just walk off into the night alone. He wanted to take her back to his apartment, knowing that it was a bad idea that would probably leave him twisted up in knots with guilt when he woke up, but, again, he didnt care. He knew that nothing was going to come of this; either tonight or tomorrow, life was going to resume independently of both of them, and they would go their separate ways, caught up again in its rapid stream. They had tonight. Martin was feeling brave, and a little giddy behind the alcohol, so against his better judgment he asked her, Do you want to go back to my apartment where its quieter? Its only a couple of blocks. He didnt think that it would work. She didnt seem like the type of person who would go back to the apartment of a person whom shed randomly met at a party. For some reason though, she agreed, Martin hoping it was that she felt the same way about him, or it could just be that she wanted closure from the other man in her life. If mutual exploitation was all he could get

163 right now, Martin still did not feel in a position to object. Cara had never called. The walk was long and suspenseful, as Martin tingled with anticipation. They walked down the street, the air sharp, pricking at their necks. The city was alive, with remnants from Times Square spreading out to engulf Manhattan in chaos. Streamers hung from buildings, and people raised their fists to heaven, screaming on the violent fringe of insanity into endless midnight. The city was excising its demons. The purifying ritual had begun. He looked at Kristen intently as they walked up the stairs to his apartment. This was the instant that it was all about, surrounded by madness, looking into the unknown recesses of each others eyesa tantalizing couple of seconds before life went as it would. It was pure potential, unmarred by post-coital bliss, regret, complacency, or even satisfaction. This was excitement. Standing with her on that doorstep was the purest moment they would ever have together, and it felt amazingly good. Martin opened the door and led her up the stairs. It was enough to last a lifetime. * The next morning Kristen and Martin awoke side by side. Martin reached over and touched her, eyes groggy, still encumbered by lingering sleep. His hand traced the smooth contours of her skin, and, startled, he realized that this wasnt Cara. She felt different, but her skin was soft against his body and alluring, and Martin sunk into the sheets and wrapped them around his body. The warm sheets held him softly, and aside from a pounding headache, he was fine. As he lay on the bed staring up at the ceiling, the whiteness seemed to stretch on forever. Everything was there, it existed, blank, and looked exactly the same as it had with Cara. Light shined through the window, drowning the bed in a comfortable glow. The night seemed to have gone on forever, spent in complete rapture, replaced by a lovely, sun-drenched morning. She was amazing. Over in the comer, a clock chimed 10:00. Every single beat led him further and further into the moment. There was no guilt. Martin felt a quick pang of sadness as soon as he looked over at the phone on the bedside. He picked it up and stared at it, envisioning the numbers that he had wanted to push for so long, but then he turned back to Kristen, looked at her long, flowing hair, felt the warmth of her body, and was suddenly convinced

164 that here on this bed, in this apartment, that one night had meant just as much to him as the past year with Cara. It was strangely liberating. This morning, nothing was missing. Kristen stretched, rolled out of bed and put on her clothes. She smiled, kissed Martin on the cheek and headed for the door, while Martin lay there. He jumped out of bed to follow her, if nothing else than to say goodbye. He assured her that he would call her, but she shook her head and put her finger against his lips to keep him silent. There was no reason to ruin the moment. She smiled and turned away, melting into the anonymity from whence she came. Martin walked over to the message machine and saw a blinking red light. He stared at it for a while, but decided not to push the button. He really didnt want to know what was on the other end. Martin felt light yet strangely anchored, inhabited by a presence. He no longer felt like he was living for the future. They had made a mark on each other. He went to the window of his apartment and looked out at the sun reflecting off the glass buildings under a brilliant blue sky. Kristen was out there somewhere, walking the streets, waking up for each new day, engaging in life, just like millions of others. Just like Cara. Both of them stood together, side by side in his mind. He thought of them approaching each other on the street someday and bumping into one another, and it made him smile. The city looked beautiful and dense, vibrating with energy, eight million stories weaving together in a wonderful, citywide tapestry. He pictured the sea of bodies making their way along the sidewalks, ants piling over each other, marching with purpose and pride. The phone hung in his hand like a weight. Martin glanced at it and put it down. He put his clothes on and prepared to head out into the city. Life resumed as usual. For now, that was enough.

165

SCOTT PRITCHARD I am currently a senior at Oberlin College, finishing up my last semester. Initially, I was planning on being a double major in both English and Politics, as I felt that they complemented each other, while reflecting my different interests. It seemed to me that Politics was a more viable major, in terms of exposing myself to a practical and realitybased avenue of learning, that the concepts within this sphere would be applicable to the work I intend to do in the future, which remains, for now, to attend law school. However, throughout the years, I found that my passion continued to lie in the world of literature, while my commitment to political debate waned and that the ideas offered through being an English major were ultimately more immediate and fulfilling in my intellectual life. For my personality, literature was a more important avenue of exploration. Still, I had the opportunity to study abroad in Ireland in a veritable nexus of interest as an English and Politics major; the conflict between North Ireland and the Republic and the rich canon of Irish literature made for a wonderful semester. Ultimately, I decided to drop the Politics major to a minor so I could devote myself more to other pursuits, such as philosophy, that I denied myself under the rigor of a double major. Although I am still firmly committed to an interest in law and politics, I feel as though I made the right decision in deciding to focus more deeply on English throughout my undergraduate years. Reflection on Stasis When the opportunity to write a short story for class presented itself to me in 2002,

166 I remember being very excited, as I had not written much prose on my own, preferring to casually dabble in fragments of poetry. I knew that I loved to write words, they came quickly and easily to me, but my biggest obstacle to the project was feeling as though I did not have a deep enough understanding of the structure and mechanics of plot that a short story entailed. I just liked to write, and I had a strong tendency to include as many stylistic flourishes as I could think up. I knew that I wanted a simple foundation for the characters I had been toying with, one that allowed me to put the interior monologue and prose at the center of the story. So it started with an idea that I had been grappling with at the time and extended itself from there. Basically, I remember thinking a lot about what it means to be an individual and how personal identity is shaped in an increasingly sterile world. I felt that I was uncentered, that my life was the embodiment of a postmodern lack of meaning. I felt alienated from my community yet simultaneously defined by the people I surrounded myself with. I wanted to write about starting over and the importance of happiness outside of the context of others. I hoped to discover a spiritual locus within man that is untouchable and irrefutably his own, by exploring the idea that dependence on another does not have to shape who one isthat man is separate, distinct in his own right. In this sense the story was an exorcism of demons, a need to break from the belief that living to appease others shaped an identity. In writing it, I remember distinctly a feeling of catharsis, trying to write my own insecurities into the character of Martin, while at the same time knowing that I wanted something more for himI wanted to write a story that would affirm his humanity in an untraditional way, an ending in which he did not live happily ever after with the woman he loved. Reading through it again I do feel as though I was able to present some of these ideas in a context that did end up amounting to being a real story, not just a series of ideas. I tried to emphasize Martins insecurity in living for others, while at the same time having him not understand why he was unhappy. I didnt want the reader to think that he was unhappy because of a womanrather, that the cause of his unhappiness was something much deeper and harder to pin down. That period for me in high school was significantly geared toward immersing myself in darker, angst-filled literature, a typical adolescent unidentifiable malaise. I was reading a lot of Kafka, Nietzsche, Sylvia Plath and other dark

167 writers. Ultimately this story needed to reflect these feelings of alienation that were heightened by constantly exposing myself to these kinds of thinkers. I think some of these feelings were given a voice throughout the story, but as I look back on it now, some of it makes me cringe. Since sophomore year in college I have all but given up on writing creatively. I had a serious crisis of confidence, and while I have always been unbelievably self-critical, I had never had the experience of receiving serious criticism from those around methat is, until I started taking creative writing workshops and began to share my writing with people in this new, more intellectually rigorous environment. I had not even wanted to participate in this anthology because I had lost all respect for my work and couldnt bring myself to look at it again. After showing Stasis to some of my peers at Oberlin I was embarrassed at my lack of understanding of what New York life is really like because many people who go to this school grew up in The City. They even made me aware that one of the few streets I knew, Bleeker, was spelled wrong in the story (much to my embarrassment I instinctively spelled it Bleaker). Some of the writing is undeniably heavy-handed and awkward. Despite these problems of overdoing it in places, I do still believe that my major success was to maintain a consistency of tone in dealing with the intellectual and emotional issues that I was trying to address. One of my favorite parts, during Martins initial encounter with Kristen, when he believes that he wants to open up the floodgates and push everything out into her, was probably the defining moment in the story. That he cannot realize a healthy balance between lightness and heaviness, reflection and immediacy, is the main thrust skewering his own sense of balance and identity. I then tried to expand that ideaout of his own personal problems and into the city, where everyone is struggling with what it means to be happyultimately offering the conclusion that life is no more than a series of memories and moments, but hopefully enough. The traditional feelings of emptiness that would come with a one-night stand are not there; it was a moment of peace inhabited with the purity of unabashed hedonism. I still struggle to write, and it angers me deeply. Looking back at this story, I remember mainly its importance as an outlet for the frenzy of over-analysis that I put myself through constantly. I no longer have that outlet because I dont have confidence in myself to articulate these ideas in a way that Im happy with. In some ways, this story

168 never really ended for me; it is just constantly growing and evolving as I subject myself to more and more ideas to explain who I am. It was difficult for me to even write this response, but Im glad I did. Maybe it will inspire me to try to write again.

Teacher Reflection Verisimilitude in Scott Pritchards Stasis Throughout Stasis, Scott Prichard achieves verisimilitudethe sense that what we are reading is true and realby capturing Martins keen observations of people and things, through precise details that reflect his unique emotional life. In the descriptions of his parents, for example, we learn not only about his parents, but also about Martin. He observes his mother: Sweeping through the house, her face gushing with charm, she catered to people with the reassurance and poise of a time-tested flight attendant in a plane that was spiraling toward the ground. He observes his father: Between sips of scotch he noticed the dim outline of his father, huddled into the comer like a frightened deer. The man walked slowly, carefully plotting every step, limping with the gait of an aged prizefighter. His barrel chest and huge muscles that Martin remembered as a child had been whisked away on the wings of old age; in their place, a more delicate, refined frame remained. While his mother rigorously upholds the traditions of suburban merrymaking, his father has been beaten down by years of it; whats more, Martin can hardly bare such parties himself, let alone witness his fathers sad decline, and so he hides behind his glass of scotch and loses himself in distant memories embodied in kitschy knickknacks and tired platitudes. Plaques hovered everywhere on well-lit walls declaring such things as Home is where the heart is, and Martin studied them with pointed concentration, hoping to find a truism that could help him get through the night.

169 We get to know Martinhis desires and fearsnot through technical, psychological explanations, but through carefully wrought, precise physical descriptions not to mention effective metaphors, such as time-tested flight attendant (his mother) and aged prizefighter (his father). When he meets Kristen, He racked his brain for something witty to say, but instead sat there awkwardly with a toothy, billboard grin that affected all the sincerity of a used car salesman. Such precise physical description not only creates a vivid picture of the scene but captures Martins emotional state; rich with association, the metaphorstoothy, billboard grin and used car salesmaninstantly conjure the sense of forced sincerity, with no need for further explanation. Exercise Write a paragraph in which you strive for verisimilitudethat is, for precise descriptions that seem true and real, like life. Try to reflect your characters perspectivehis or her emotional statethrough vivid physical descriptions, as well as through metaphors, which are interesting comparisons of seemingly unlike things (like Martins mother and a flight attendant) that, nonetheless, seem true.

170

Las Golondrinas Pablo Sierra 2002 La Migra! La Migra! was the Coyotes shout. They were coming, they, the Americans. Clubs, guns, and dogs. The Americans. The river, wrathful and violent, roared below. Stroke, kick, breathe, swim. Stroke kick breatheswim. Swim, a little slower though. No! Dont stop, not now. The frigid water shocked the lungs, the rivers rocky bottom piercing the feet. She felt herself gasping for oxygen, gasping for life. One last effort was made to fight the indifferent current. But no, the indifferent current would not give, certainly not for one more, just another immigrant. Unable to reach land, she looked up, still floating in the chilling waters, and placed her life at the mercy of the Virgin of Guadalupe, the protector of the people of the Americas. The cruel light of the stars faded. * May-ree-soul, are you still on the phone? Who was that anyway? No, Misses Johnson. I finish. Nothing importante. * The leader of a womens activist organization, Regina Johnson was a busy woman, preoccupied with the recent strides of the pro-choice supporters. Frequently hosting banquets and other social events for The Womans Right (as she called her group), Johnson had been looking for a housemaid, another housemaid, rather. Housemaid, she liked the

171 sound of the wordit possessed a dignity of some sort. A quiet, dont-speak-unlessspoken-to dignity, that is. Anyway, her former trusty housemaid, Chencha, had run off to Los Angeles with the love of her life, marrying him in the process. Imagine that! More Mexicans in East L.A.! Perfect, just what the world needs more of! You know they just multiply like rats and before you know theyre all over the neighborhood! were the kind of comments heard at the La Jolla country club, where Regina would converse with her similarly well-bred and well-cultured friends. At any rate, the five bathrooms in her San Diego suburb residence needed cleaning. The San Diego high society waited for no one, certainly not for Chenchas efforts. A couple of phone calls to the right people was all it took. It never ceased to amaze Johnson how easy it was to find an immigrant to do some sort of manual job. If Johnson ever needed to hire someone through her organization, she had to consult with work agencies, headhunters, and community programs. But for cheap, backbreaking labor, the response time was essentially nonexistent. Regina, once a psychology major, marveled at how a bit of immigrant work ethic, a lack of official documents, and an innate fear of persecution could force people into the most underpaid, arduous labor. In any case, the following day, Ricardo Sanchez and Marisol Lopez showed up at the backdoor of the Johnson residence. Scraped, bruised, and filthy, they had the appearance of yet another couple of troubled outsiders trying to make it in a new land. Johnson had seen their type, scuttling across the highway, flannel shirts ripped, small knapsacks of food on their backs. They, these inhabitants of the Third World, were nothing more than parasitic leeches, sucking off the hard-earned money of the American people. Still, when Johnson addressed Marisol, shed answered politely with a gentle, Si, Senora, I need work. Ricardo, too. Johnson hired her on the spot; shed make a good housemaid, the subservient type. As for Ricardo, he didnt matter much. He could prune the bushes and gather the grass clippings that no one else would bother to clean up. Regina didnt really care either way; it wasnt like hiring Ricardo would exactly hurt her pocketbook. *

172 Marisol, this is Don Ramon. Hello, Marisol? Si, si, Don Ramon. I'm here. A pale Marisol clutched the phone, her brown hands gripping the cord as if there were no tomorrow. She hadnt heard from Don Ramon in a long, long time. Marisol, I'm afraid theres something you need to know. * Home. Rio Azul. The scents and the sounds of the land tantalized her. She reminisced of how, in her teenage years, the sensual rhythms of the salsa sounds would penetrate her body, filling her with life and movement. She remembered the smell of deepfried churros covered with what seemed like endless coats of sugar. She remembered the taste of coconut milk, sweet like an infants touch. She remembered the hearty crunch of the greasy chicharrones, and the salty aftertaste that they left in her mouth. Shed been a masterful chef once, creating exquisite dishes with what little she could afford to buy at the market. Mama Elena would prepare the orchata drink, Emanuelito helping his mami flatten the maize tortillas. Those were the best memories she had of home. Occasionally, Marisol told herself that she was just romanticizing; life had never really been that good. Years came and went, and whenever the homesickness just got to be too much, Marisol would submerge herself into the story of her past and live out her life in memories. There was one moment she particularly cherished. It served Marisol as her bastion of freedom, her last line of defense in a war against forgetting her roots. Her favorite image was that of her last Christmas at home. All packed up and ready to go, Marisol had sat down with the family one last time before her voyage. At the Christmas table, the three of them, Marisol, Mama Elena, and Emanuelito were having dinner. Emanuelito, Marisols child, kept trying to swat a nagging fly with his bib, giving little cries of excitement every time he came close to doing so. All of a sudden, a little golondrina, a tree swallow, flew in through the window, filling the house with its lovely song. The little golondrina sang an entrancing tune, sending Marisol off with an angelic goodbye.

173 * The golondrina is the Latin American pilgrim. She flies from land to land, looking for the perfect place to build her nest and raise her family. Since shes very rarely successful, her song is often mournful and sad. In what seems to be a timeless tradition, the mariachi sing the song Las Golondrinas whenever a good friend or relative leaves his native land for another country. Its a very sad song, one of a sorrowful farewell. A donde ira? Veloz y fatigada, la golondrina, que de aqui se va, o si en el viento se hallara extraviada, buscando abrigo y no lo encontrara. Where will it go? Swift yet tired the swallow that parts away from here or if in the wind shell find herself lost, looking for shelter that she will never find. * She had just finished mopping the bathroom floor. The party the night before had left the house in a state of complete disarray. Johnsons friends would be coming over soon for their usual Thursday games of croquet and backgammon. Unpolished bathrooms simply would not do. Marisol sat down on the floor, taking a break from her monotonous duties. She didnt mind cleaning the bathroom, especially the master bathroom. It had a view of the bay, and a warm breeze always managed to slip in through the huge glass panes that made the window. Tired after a long day of work, she stared at her black Air Force Nikes. A sinister grin crept onto her face. She had more money now than she would have ever dreamt of having in her native Rio Azul. Snapping back into reality, she got on her knees and started scrubbing the toilet. Then Ricardo rushed in. His typical confident stance was replaced by something shed never seen before. The self-assured poise, the trusting smile, were gone. His hands fidgeted, unnervingly. Marisol, telefono. *

174 Two years ago, Ricardos calloused hands had pulled Marisol out of the river. She was dehydrated, on the verge of hypothermia. The desert sun had scorched her skin, while the desert night had chilled her into unconsciousness. Ricardo had seen her only once before. She was the girl that made the deal with the same Coyote that hed paid off. She was pretty at twenty, looking for a job in the States to provide for the family at home. He overheard her telling another woman of a sick son, whose medical bills she couldnt pay. Hers was a common story along the border. Ricardo himself was trying to escape the corruption and violence of his native land. He had family in the States to help him get started. Ricardo remembered thinking that Marisol seemed like a nice girl, and that hed try to get to know her better once they got across. When he saw her body being dragged down the river, he ran back along the shore. Lifting her from the water, he noticed how her once beautiful, lively lips were now an ashen blue. He carried her for miles. The Coyote, having received his fee for getting them across the border, had abandoned them the past night. Ricardo knew their type, the Coyotes, that is. They were the Charons of the modern world, leading the soon-to-be-dead into the Hades of California, a land obeying the law of the survival-of-the-fittest. A weak mind or body would never prevail the lifestyle. And yet, when Ricardo saw Marisols motionless body floating down the Rio Grande, he knew he had to save her. Its a good thing he did, for, unbeknownst to him, Marisol was leaving not only life, but also a desperate family with no hope, an innocent child without a mother, and a village with another reason to mourn. It was Ricardo that had taken Marisol, still unconscious, to his cousins house outside San Diego. He took care of her for days, until she came back to her senses. Later on, when he went out to look for work, he took her with him. Those were trying times for both of them. They both found work in the fields, picking oranges and strawberries from dawn till dusk. Some mornings Marisol couldnt make it out of bed, such was the physical strain on her body. Ricardo would then work the weekends, in order to have bread on the table for two. Marisol would never find out, but her dependence on Ricardo was reciprocal. He lived for her, and when he came home from the fields, it was to her embrace that he struggled home every night.

175 But life in the field was too strenuous, twenty-first century enslavement at best. When word got out that a rich lady was looking for a housemaid, Marisol took it upon herself to take herself. And Ricardo. Marisol figured that whoever this woman was, she could use a handyman around the house, too. She was right. Mrs. Regina Johnson hired them both, Ricardo as a gardener, Marisol as a maid. Since Marisol would be living at the Johnsons with Ricardo coming in every other day, theyd still see each other, but not as much as before. It didnt matter. Together, theyd started a new life in a new country. But as far as Marisol knew, Ricardo had always been the leader, the voice of reason and security in her treacherous existence. Hed saved her from the heat of the desert, from the clubs and dogs of the Migra, and from the exasperating apathy of the Immigration and Naturalization Services. Hed never steered her wrong. Yet on the fateful afternoon, when Marisol looked up and saw worry in Ricardos eyes, she feared the worst. Ay Virgencita, this is bad. Please dont let this be the INS. I just want to get ahead in life, I just a want a chance to live. I just want to work so that Emanuelito can go see the doctor. Ay, Dios mio, take pity of me. Marisol prayed and prayed as she walked up the hard marble steps to the phone. Mayreesoul! Theres a call for you, hurry, come get it! was Johnsons screech. Marisol didnt even hear it. She was somewhere else, gone. * Marisol, are you there? Si, Don Ramon, si. Marisol, I hate to be the one to bring you these news. Last night an earthquake hit Rio Azul. The house started swaying, beams fell. Emanuelitos dead, Marisol. Emanuelito, he, he didnt make it. Im so sorry. I dont know what to say, except that you should come back. Marisol, your departure was a temporary thing. Remember? Come home. Regresa, Marisol. Acaso nos has olvidado? Have you forgotten Rio Azul? She put the phone back on its base without responding. Emanuelito, her reason for living, was dead. Marisol raised her gaze and saw the support of Ricardos eyes. He didnt know what Don Ramon had said, and yet his eyes were warm and supportive, not like those

176 of the boy who had impregnated her. That, that had been a mistake. But Emanuelito wasnt; he had been someone, a person, made of real flesh and blood, not vague memories. He had needed his mother, and she hadnt been there for him. Instead, she had been here, buying sneakers, scrubbing toilets on her knees. As Marisol put the phone back on the base, Johnson walked past, catching Marisols eyes. For the first time, Johnson felt uneasy before her maid. There was a flash of disgust, of repulsion, of loathing in the eyes of her servant. Years or repressed anger, pain, and hurt emerged in one instant, unnerving Johnson. Marisol had said it was nothing important. Marisol had lied. * The only other time that Johnson ever recalled Marisol making her feel uncomfortable took place right after hiring her. As Johnson showed Marisol around the mansion, explaining what she could and couldnt touch, would and wouldnt clean, she informed Marisol of the policy for the maids day off. Naturally, youll be living here with the other maid, in her quarters. You should be able to accommodate yourself just fine, though. Youll be paid fifty dollars every two weeks, mucho dinero, right? Ha ha. And of course youll have every other Tuesday off. Okay? Marisol didnt answer with her obedient Si, Misses Johnson after that inquiry. Is there a problem, Marisol? No, Misses Johnson. But, Sundaycan I go to the iglesia? Now, listen here, Mayreesoul. Youre a very polite, young girl living in a very cold, mean world. There are very mean people after you. Remember the Immigration folks? They dont want you here, but I do, Mayreesoul. I really do. I want to help you out, but for that to happen well all have to make sacrifices. All right? So, as I said, Thursdays your off day. You should be grateful for that. Grateful, Marisol, comprainday? Si, comprendo. I understand Ive lost my culture, my family, my religion. In gaining wealth I couldve never had at home, Ive lost my son. What for? What good was it?

177 Forgive me, Emanuelito, perdoname, porfavor. Forgive me, Virgencita, Ive lost the faith that saved me from death in the river. * Weeks passed. Marisol never told anyone of Emanuelitos death. At night, she cried desperate, rabid tears into her miniscule cot. Pain, shed never felt this pain before. It wasnt like the childhood lashes from her abusive father, or like the demoralizing insults from the other maid. No, this was much worse. She felt a piece of herself dying, being absorbed by the material of the stained, filthy mattress. When Ricardo heard Johnsons scream, he ran up the stairs, finding his employer at the door of the master bedroom. She was pale, hands trembling. Unable to express her emotions, she had to be carried out. She kept saying, Mayreesoul, Mayreesoul, pointing to the bathtub. He saw her out of the corner of his eye. As he stepped into the bathroom and closed the door, Ricardo noticed that the window was open, a draft breezing through the curtains. He found her floating, as he once had. The river was red this time, but placid and calm. He saw her beautiful strands of black hair drifting harmoniously on the surface of the tainted water. In her ebony eyes, he saw the reflection of the Rio Azul sun, radiant and true. As he caressed her lifeless face, he felt the humid breeze of the tropics on his skin. Suspended in this surreal apparition, Marisol resembled a Mayan princess, peacefully dreaming through an eternal sleep. Picking up the razor from the floor, he remembered all the nights of passion, of pleasure and tenderness hed spend with her in this house. He remembered how theyd made love in the master bedroom, when the Johnsons had left on vacation. Looking out the window, he saw Mama Elena, Emanuelito, and Marisol at the Christmas table inviting him to join them. He grimaced, the veins of his arms bidding the razor to sweetly slice. A certain lightheadedness came over him at first, only to be followed by an absolute peace and tranquility. Soon, hed be with them, sitting at a vast table, eating Marisols exquisite churros and chicharrones. Soon, theyd all sit at this table, saying grace, thanking the Virgin for the gift of life. Yes, soon, soon, but not now. There was still life in his life, a little brother in Mexico. A life away from home who needed him, and he needed it. As he

178 walked out the door, a little golondrina came to the windowsill, her bittersweet song filling his soul. A donde ira? Veloz y fatigada, la golondrina, que de aqui se va, o si en el viento se hallara extraviada, buscando abrigo y no lo encontrara. Where will it go? swift yet tired The swallow that parts away from here Or if in the wind shell find herself lost Looking for shelter that she will never find.

Ave querida, amada peregrina, Mi corazon al tuyo acercare, Oire tu canto tierna golondrina, Recordare mi patria y llorare, Recordare mi patria y llorare.

Dearest bird, beloved pilgrim, My heart to yours, I will bring close, Ill hear your song, sweet swallow, I will remember my fatherland and I will cry, I will remember my fatherland and I will cry. - Las Golondrinas, Latin American farewell song

179 PABLO SIERRA I wrote Las Golondrinas in 2002, during the spring semester of my senior year. Nowadays, I am finishing my studies in World History and Latin American Studies at the University of Pennsylvania. Next fall (2006) I will be attending UCLA to commence the Ph.D. track in Latin American History. Reflection on Las Golondrinas A well-known farewell song in Mexican culture, Las Golondrinas recounts the sadness of departing, of leaving ones family for an uncertain future in a foreign land. When I initially wrote the story I intended it to capture the struggle of adapting to life away from home from the perspective of a poor Latin American woman. This involved not only expressing the nostalgia found in every immigrant story, but also in exposing the peril that immigrants crossing the Rio Grande face on a day-to-day basis. Writing the story forced me to realize how privileged a life Id led as a Mexican in the United States, especially when compared to my compatriots struggles throughout the nation. Rereading the story four years later, I couldnt help chuckling and grimacing at the text before me. I feel particularly bad about Mrs. Johnson, intended to caricature upperclass white society, although not in the flat, racist tone that I now find in her character. With the exception of Marisol, I find the characters in the story rather one-dimensional, more faades than characters. I feel that the storys lack of character development is compensated by the complex, unorthodox structuring of the narrative. A telephone conversation, the protagonists memories, and the lyrics to Las Golondrinas intentionally disrupt the narratives flow. Marisols conversation with Don Ramon could make sense only if it paralleled the formers life story in American society. An initial preoccupation with the migra and the INS is followed by a period of adjustment and homesickness, finally leading up to the news of the babys death, which of course foreshadows the protagonists own failure and demise. In retrospect, I do not remember plotting out such a complex succession of events or severing the phone call to fit such a pattern. On the contrary, Las Golondrinas seemed to weave itself. Whenever I felt Id exhausted the possible solutions to a scene, I simply moved on to the next incomplete memory, conversation, or song lyric.

180 Although there are a number of changes Id make to the story, I would not change that first scene on the Rio Grande. I remember taking a particularly long time writing that first paragraph, trying to capture the desperation and sheer physicality of the crossing. Short sentences, short breaths and an almost instinctual thought process gave way to the passage. In essence, I wanted to create a scene that would defy the pejorative connation of being a wetback by revealing the courage necessary to confront such adversity. Ultimately, I wrote the story for my American friends, teachers, and fellow students, with hopes that they might understand the humanity of a struggle that cannot be contained by rivers, militarized borders, or economic exploitation.

Teacher Reflection

181 The Magical Structure in Pablo Sierras Las Golondrinas Whether Pablo Sierra realized it or not as a senior in high school, he wrote a story in the tradition of Magical Realism, which is, perhaps not coincidentally, a product of his own Latino culture, made famous in the modern era by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, whose fiction is deeply rooted in both history and lore, both grounded in realistic detail and elevated by glimpses of the supernatural. Pablos story transforms as it progresses, beginning in the gritty setting of the dangerous Rio Grande and ending up in a place that only the lyrics of a poem, or a song, can begin to describe. The storys structure complex, unorthodox, as Pablo himself describes itis integral in achieving this lovely, mystical effect. The structure is constantly shiftingin time, place, point of view, tonenot so much, however, that we become disoriented or confused; rather, there is a natural flow from one section to the next, as a relay team hands off the baton from one runner to the next. Remember the film critic Roger Eberts quotation from the Introduction: A movie is not what its about. Its about how its about it. The same is true in fiction. You may feel your story idea is unoriginaljust another love story or just another murder mystery but its how you tell the story that will distinguish it, that will make it yours, something nobody else could possibly have written. No summary could do Pablos story justice: Its about a Mexican immigrant woman who swims to America, gets a job as a maid, and then her son diesand theres this song You have to read the story to appreciate it its how its told that makes the story. Exercise When youve got a draft of a storyor when youve got an outline for onereconsider the structure. Are you telling the story chronologically? Is there a different arrangement of the content that might serve your story better? Is every scene necessary? Or might the story benefit from some major reduction? You need not fill in all the blanks, any more than you need to tell the story in the order of the events as they occurred. For the sake of the exerciseeven if you end up preferring the original formtry rearranging the storys content in a way that might yield some interesting result (flip-flopping the last two scenes,

182 for example); also, try eliminating some portion, or portions, the absence of which might yield some interesting effect. Youre not trying to create some cheaply earned sense of mystery, certainly not by eliminating crucial information; rather, youre trying to stimulate the readers imagination, recognizing the magical power of suggestion, putting some faith into the old adage that sometimes less is more.

Smoke and Mist Andrew Choe 2003

183

Rain was falling. It was November rain, a cold, wet rain that could have been pure white snow. The big, fat droplets fell and burst into oblivion on the black pavement of the airport. The mist created a cold, gray halo around the buildings. Scott had always hated this kind of weather. The cold rains of fall. They were completely different from the warm showers of summer. Sometimes it rained for weeks, and then came the devastating lateseason hurricanes. As he stared out his window on the 747, he wondered if it was an omen of some kind, this weather. It could be a warning to stay away. Well, the gloominess fit the occasion just right. His flight had arrived an hour late because of the weather conditions. Switching discs from David Bowie to Yes, he prepared to get off the plane by gathering his stuff. He had sat listening to his mini-disc player the entire fourteen-hour flight across the Pacific Ocean and the continental United States. His seatmate, a Buddhist monk, had been silent the entire trip also. Aside from his prayers and periods of meditation, the orangerobed man had slept for most of the trip. With his only bag slung over his shoulder, Scott walked up the aisle and out of the plane. As he moved through baggage claim and customs, he looked through the windows and saw the dark gray sky. The rain enveloped the world in a morbid blanket of mist. He wondered if Paul had come safely. As if he had been summoned, Pauls head popped up above the crowd of people at the end of the gate. He was waving, and a smile split his face. Scott! Over here! Paul shouted, waving his arms more frantically. Paul ran up and bear-hugged Scott hard enough to crack his back. God, Paul, let me go already! Scott hissed into his brothers ear. Oh, sorry, said Paul as he released him. He smiled sheepishly and stuck his hands into his pants in embarrassment, a childhood habit yet to be broken. Paul had changed. His hair was now a series of raked-back spikes, and he had grown taller, much taller. He towered over Scotts own five feet ten inches by at least a hand-span. His smile was wide and cheery, yet his dark sunken eyes revealed that he had been sleeping very little and that his soul was burdened. They weaved their way together through the masses and finally made it outside. The rain had lessened somewhat to droplets of water falling from the heavens. Finally, he

184 could have a smoke. As he lit one, Pauls eyebrows went up, looking askance. Ive been waiting the entire trip. Dont say anything. Paul just turned around and led him to his car, a red coupe, at the bottom floor of the multi-storied packing garage. Before getting into the car, Scott dropped the stub and ground it into the pavement as his little brother turned the ignition. Paul moved deftly through the traffic until they had gotten out of the airport and onto the freeway, where his hands turned jittery on the wheel. Scott couldnt bear to see the kid so pained. So, hows college life? he asked. Pauls eyes lit up as he began to regale Scott with tales of youth and innocence. Scott dozed off in the middle of a story in which Paul and his friends had been chucking pizza from the top of their dorm. It was so hilarious! People would walk by and be splattered by the stuff! The dean was so * It was his reentrance into the U.S. for the first time in three years. He consulted for a biotech company based in North Carolina. It was for the eastern branch of the company that he worked the most, and so he had been living in Kyoto, Japan. However, he had not left with the blessings of all. On the contrary, when he left the country, it was made clear by his parents that he was severing all his ties. But he left anyway. He remembered the fiery and teary parting of the first-born with the parents. They had called it abandonment, rejection, and stupidity. He had called it freedom, liberty, and individuality. They had tried every tactic to keep him from going: guilt, anger, rejection, and even money. His mother, whose heart had broken every summer when she sent him to camp, could not bear to let him go thousands of miles across the world. She had stood weeping at the end of the gate while he passed through and out onto the plane. He remembered thinking that his mother would probably go home and cry for days. His father was different. His father had stood stoically behind his mother without any emotion visible upon his face. But Scott had known then, and knew even better now, that his fathers eyes had been full of rage, grief, and pain. He had not forgiven Scott, and

185 Scott had expected he never would. So when Scott stood with his bags and said farewell, it was the last thing he ever said to his father. Two days ago, Monday, he had woken up to the sound of the telephone ringing at four in the morning. He had ignored it for quite a while, until he couldnt take it any longer. He had jerked up from his sheets and snatched up the phone. The voice at the other end made his anger dissipate with a few key words. His father had passed away. Lung cancer. Forty years of hard smoking had done him in. His father had not lingered. He died one month after he had been diagnosed. Scott had immediately booked his tickets and packed his things. He had left only a sketchy voicemail for his boss before he boarded the plane. He had said only that he would be back in a few days. The funeral was Friday. * They pulled into the driveway in the late afternoon, finally home. The rain had stopped completely, and the sky was beginning to clear up. As they drove up to the house, Scott commented on how much had changed. Paul pointed out the new paint job, the new roof, the various new trees, and the addition to the house. As they stepped out of the car, Scott took one last pull from his cigarette and ground the stub into the concrete. Leaving Paul to take his bag, he slowly walked up to the front door. He opened the door and stepped in, leaving the door open behind him. He took off his shoes and walked towards the kitchen. He saw the back of his mom, as she stood bent over the counter, making something. Mom, Im home, he said quietly, standing in the foyer. She slowly turned around to face him. She moved as if every bone in her body were made of glass. She had aged. He saw more folds and wrinkles. When he had left, her hair had been jet-black. Her hair was now mostly gray, streaked with white. He realized now that she had been using dye for years. She had stopped bothering. However, most changed were her eyes. They had sunken into deep craters, and their luster had faded from them. He remembered being

186 scolded by her many times during his childhood. Her eyes had been fierce then. Their blackness had contained a fire and shine that they now lacked. Im back, Mom, he said as he came up and hugged her. She had been making dinner, vegetable dumplings. Smells good. He popped one into his mouth. As he chewed the lump of homemade food, he felt at home. He felt her tears seeping through his shirt. Its all right now, Mom. Im here now. * He woke to the sound of rain falling on the roof. It was a quiet steady kind of sound that could have lulled him back to sleep. However, he noticed that the rain was the only thing making a sound in the house. The house was devoid of all life. His mother and his brother had left to do their own business. Flipping the covers off and climbing down the stairs, he found a note saying that both of them were out and would be back sometime during the afternoon. His mother had gone to church. Paul told him last night that their mother actually went to church every day now. He had said that she sometimes went twice a day. While trying to blink the blurriness from his eyes, Scott opened the fridge and poured himself a glass of orange juice. As he sipped, he gave himself a grand tour of the house. After his long talk with his mother during the night, Scott had collapsed into bed, so he had not had a chance to look around. He had slept in the guest room because his old room had been renovated into a second-floor sunroom. As he gazed at the walls of the house, he noticed that there were many new pictures hanging. They were pictures of his father and mother at various locations. Many were pictures of them in the gazebo. Their gazebo. His parents had spent two years working up to that gazebo. First, the brush in the back yard had to be cleared. Then, the various trees and saplings had to be cut down and uprooted. Next, the grass was planted and nurtured until it was well rooted. Building the gazebo came next. The hexagonal wooden structure was the pinnacle of their co-endeavor. It spanned eighteen feet across and was ten feet high. Elegant tracery made up the panels, and the cedar wood was shined to a gleam. It could fit up to ten people, but

187 in the pictures, the two of them seemed to fit the gazebo perfectly. As he picked one up to examine it closely, he saw both of their smiling faces, grinning intently at the camera. However, as he looked around once more, he realized that those pictures had taken the place of others, of pictures of him. No faces of Scott were visible on the ivory walls of the house. Scott only shook his head and walked outside. The wind was not blowing hard enough for the rain to make it onto the inner deck yet, so he sat on a chair and looked out into the woods behind the house. Most of it had been cut back by his father and was held back by the picket fence. Although it was November, the grass was green, and it seemed as if the yard, especially the gazebo, were an oasis in a dark wilderness. As raindrops pattered on its tiered roof, the gazebo was a sanctuary from the rain. Scott tapped a cigarette from the pack and lit it. Just the smell of it comforted him. The smoke made his eyes water and his throat sting. Yet the smell had comforted Scott ever since he was a child. It was the smell of his dad. Marlboros. The pack of Marlboros had always been in his jacket pocket. Hed send Scott or Paul to get them, while he sat in front of the TV or went for a walk. He was never without the cigarettes, especially while driving. When he started the car, he needed one. When he got out of the car, he needed one. No matter what the weather or the situation was, he had to have a smoke. Be there rain, snow, or tornado winds, his father would always need his smoke before going inside a building. Scott remembered a time his father stood, smoking, outside the entrance of the church during a torrential downpour. While other parishioners came through the door with umbrellas, his father had stood in the rain, sheltering the cigarette with his own body. Scott had started smoking over ten years ago. Now he found that he could not stop, and lately he was going through several packs a week. Actually, it was more like half a carton. He didnt try to fight it anymore. The patches hadnt worked. Neither had the gum. Nor had the simpleminded tricks that people suggested. Yet he knew it wasnt due to a defect in the products or a lack of brainpower. It was his lack of drive, his lack of willpower. Starting had been easy. His own father had started at the age of fourteen. Though admittedly it had been a different time period when his father was a teenagernot to

188 mention it was another country, KoreaScott started smoking with the neighborhood kids around tenth grade. It was illegal to buy them, of course. So hed get an older kid to buy them for him, or, in extreme instances, hed steal them from his father. His father never noticed; there were cartons all over the house. Eventually his father found out. To say the least, he was upset. Not upset that he was smoking, but that his own son would hide the habit from him. Scott had been out the entire night and had come home late. He came in through the back door and, making sure to skip the third and sixth steps, snuck up the stairs. He dropped into his bed as soon as he walked into his room and pried his shoes off. He didnt bother to change his clothes, as he usually did. So the smell of smoke radiated off his body, but, more important, the pack of cigarettes was still in his pocket. The next morning, he woke up to the sunlight straining through the blinds on his window. Stretching and yawning, he staggered down the stairs to find his father already up and about. Morning, he said through a half-yawn. Good morning. Sleep well? His dad poured himself a cup of coffee. Eh, only so-so. Scott poured himself a glass of orange juice. Didnt bother to change, eh? OhI guess I didnt. I was pretty tired when I came in. Between gulps of O.J. Scott checked for the pack and the lighter in his pocket. They werent there. The cold, acidic taste of the O.J. was now bitter and unwelcome. Looking for these? His father pulled the pack and the lighter from his own pocket. I found them on the floor of your room this morning. No need to trouble yourself by making up lies. He put them down on the counter behind him. How many a week, son? How many packs? One. Maybe two sometimes. The O.J. had spilled over the top and was dripping onto his foot. I wont say anything else. I just dont want to see anything of the sort again. I dont need you making the same mistakes that Ive made. You know how I cant quit. So I dont want to know youre doing anything of the sort. Understand? The O.J. was soaking into his socks. Do you understand? Answer me!

189 Yeah, I got it. What a mess to clean up. Taking the pack and the lighter, his father brushed past him and went up the stairs. * After making a sandwich for himself during lunch, Scott called around to see if any of his old friends were around. He got in touch with Nick and Clara. They told him theyd pick him up later that night. He hadnt talked to them for years now, but they acted as though nothing had changed. Maybe nothing had. The rain had let up a bit when they came at about six oclock in Nicks car. They pulled up the long driveway as they always used to. Late-night jaunts used to take them everywhere. Hey, kid. Its been a while. Nick came up the front steps. Too long, man, too long. Ive missed you, old man. Scott ushered the two of them inside. Nick and Scott shook hands at first, but then hugged, and all the awkward years between them disappeared. Nick had been his best friend since grade school, preschool even. He had lived just down the street until Scotts family moved to another neighborhood. They had been like brothers. Either was always welcome in the others house. Nick smiled once more and stepped aside for Clara. She demurely stepped up and gave Scott a shy smile. Hey, you At one point, Clara had been his one-and-only. Somewhere along the line, however, he didnt feel satisfied being with her. At that time, she had seemed too plain, too reserved. She never seemed to care and appeared withdrawnone point his mother had always nagged him about. She had not been an outgoing person. Anyway, it had been over. However, at this moment, it seemed to start all over again within Scott. Clara refused to make eye contact, and Scott immediately knew something was up. Maybe they could start over.

190 He awkwardly stuck out his hand and looked into her eyes. Smiling, she stepped up and gave him a hug. Im glad youre back, she whispered into his ear. Ive missed you. Her Ive might have been a Weve, and it froze Scott for a moment. So where we going? Scott picked up his coat and looked for his shoes. Well, just into town. The rest of the crew is going to meet us at the bar. On the drive over, the three of them discussed what was going on in their respective lives. Nick worked at his dads firm now, and Clara did freelance artwork and some publishing. When Scott asked about the rest of their friends, he was surprised to hear that some of them were married. All the old couples that had made up their group had gotten married. Strange. Frank, now an architect, had married Diane and fathered a son already. The three of them walked into the bar to find that their friends had taken a table and saved seats for them. Nick, Clara, Frank, Diane, Steve, Les, Pete, and Kristen. They all welcomed him with a loud shout and many handshakes and hugs. Someone handed him a beer, which he took and downed. Stories were told, and everyone wanted to know what Scott did these days, all the way across the world. While he was nursing his fourth beer, he felt warmth in his chest. He had truly missed his friends. The runny stories and jokes that Pete told had not gotten old through the years, and Steve was still as goofy as he had ever been. Clara was as charming as ever. As the festivities grew merrier, the drinks were consumed faster, and not long after the twelfth round of drinks, the guys had begun to sing. When the entire group was politely asked to leave, they all made a grand exit in style with much singing and spilling of drinks. The singing was taken into the streets, and until a local cop asked them to disperse, they rambled along the main street of the town. Afterwards, they all split up and went home, except for Nick, Clara, and Scott, who remained. As Nick and Scott walked and sang arm-over-shoulders, Clara shook her head, following. Man, Scott, you still are an insane man, Nick said. You drink alcohol as if its

191 water, but in the end, youre more drunk than anyone else! He laughed and slapped Scott on the back. We have to get you home. Your mother would be disappointed in me if you came home late, you know? Aw, come on! Just one song, eh? Then a drink. One more for the night, eh? Scott staggered beside Nick. Clara, dont you want a drink too? Scott, I think you should go home. Your mother is going to be worried. Ahhh, dont worry about it. Itll just be ten minutes. For old times sake. Just the three of us. Scott, were serious here. You have to go home. Nick grabbed Scotts shoulder. You go home, man. Clara and I still want to be out. Scott shook the hand off. Its my car, remember, Scott? Anyway, I have to take Clara home. Dont worry about it, man. Just go on. He started to walk off down the street, but Nick turned him around by the shoulder to face him. ScottClara and I are living together. Were engaged. Oh, well, thenI understand. Ill just go by myself. Go on then. Clara refused to make eye contact and hung her head in a slightly apologetic manner. Im sorry I didnt tell you before, Scott. I didnt know how youd react. Dont worry about it, kid. Go on. He staggered down the street. Promise me youll go home, Scott, shouted Nick. Scott, dont wander around. And dont drink anymore, shouted Clara. All right, all right. Ill go home. Dont worry about it. You two just go on. It was twelve oclock. * It was raining again. Scott arrived home in a taxi at about four A.M. He fell out of the cab, at which point the cab driver picked him up and took him to the front door. The driver rang the doorbell and left. Scott was dead weight in Pauls arms as he was dragged inside. He reeked of alcohol and cigarettes and was soaked to the skin. Paul dragged him

192 up the stairs and into the guest room, where he struggled forever to lift him onto the bed. In the meantime, their mother woke up, saw Scott, and went back to bed. All this information came later from his brother. Scott actually had no recollection of the night after he separated from his friends. Of course, he assumed hed gone drinking somewhere. That was a safe assumption. * The memorial service was at noon and the burial ceremony was at two on that rainy, dreary day. His plane left at six. When he woke up to a blinding hangover and what looked like bar-fight bruises, Scott gathered his belongings in his bag and put on his suit. He didnt have to make any arrangements for the service. Paul had taken care of everything. Still, Scott was expected to speak at the funeral. What was he to say? The limo pulled up to the house at ten oclock and took them to the church. It was his fathers beloved church, where he had volunteered countless hours of his life. He had organized social activities, fundraising events, and even the weekly masses. Scott had always thought that such commitment to the church was strange coming from a man who had admitted to being a skeptic. Its high-vaulted ceilings and burnished brass light fixtures caught the eye as soon as one walked into the nave. They made Scott suddenly nauseous and dizzy. The hangover must not have worn away. It was his first entrance into a church in more than three years. Maybe the nausea was a reprimand from God. A divine reprimand. Not as good as a divine mandate, he supposed, but good enough. His mother had ignored him the entire car ride and continued to do so in the church. She went about her business of making sure everything was in place before sitting on the other side of Paul. She went directly to her knees and started praying. What was there to pray about? For some reason that had not been mentioned to himthe casket with the body was not borne into the church. It already stood in front of the altar. Strange. The man did have two full-grown sons and many friends to entrust his body to.

193 As the service progressed, various people stepped up to say a short eulogy for him. First the reverend spoke of how his father had been a servant of God, who had committed so much to the church. Then came an employee of his who talked of how Scotts father had taken care of him during bad times. Next were various family friends who spoke of his fathers sense of humor and his steadfastness. Then it was Paul. His brother spoke of their fathers patience, diligence, and bulldog stubbornness. Various outdoor projects and family anecdotes were used to release some tension in the crowd. So he spent day after day trying to pull this one root out. He had cut the tree down and pulled up the stump, but this root refused to move. So in end, he took out the flamethrower and torched the ground all around it. To say the least, we were surprised He had paused to wipe tears from his eyes. Nice touch. Scotts stomach rumbled ominously, yet soon settled down to minor convulsions. He felt acidic buildup at the back of his throat. Now, I step down to allow my brother, Scott, to say a few words in honor of our father. Paul turned to face where Scott should have been sitting. Gagging, Scott was dashing up the aisle as fast as possible toward a pair of doors that led outside. He fell to the grass where he proceeded to regurgitate his breakfast. He had to wonder, was it the beer? Was it being in the church? Was it the thought of speaking about his father in front of those people? Maybe it was just the bagel. Couldnt he at least have stayed in there and spit up some bullshit for the old man? It could have just been some of the old-school-professional bullshit. It was his father, after all. Scott wiped his mouth and sat up. Lifting his face to feel the cool rain, Scott let the water run down his face. If only the water could cleanse him. He crossed his arms over his knees and rested his head. The water ran in rivulets from his hair down to his chin. He waited for the rest of the service by the alcove of the doors and met his brother afterwards. He explained what had happened, and Paul said that he understood. Paul was curt, though, almost brusque. They made their way to the cemetery in the limo with the hearse and various cars with the ridiculous flags following. It was a cemetery near the church that seemed to lack the usual decorations. There was no fog, no crypts, no

194 crumbling statues of half-nude angels, no weeping willows. Other than the tombstones, only the gloomy clouds and the rain made the cemetery seem like a morbid place. It was strange how the rain hadnt let up much for days. The muddy hole was pre-dug when they arrived, and after a prayer from the reverend, the coffin was lowered into the six-foot watery ditch. Scotts mother was surprisingly calm. There were no mad jumps into the grave, and burly men did not have to hold her back from jumping in. Scott had always believed such antics were obligatory or at least customary. He was slightly disappointed. Under a canopy of black umbrellas, the black mass of mourners backed away from the grave and piled into cars. The limo was going home, and a few of the closer family friends followed. They were to comfort the widow. The urge was strong now inside the limo. He needed a smoke. His hands trembled. He watched beads of rain sticking to the window. As soon as the limo arrived at the base of their driveway at home, Scott stepped out and lit one. His mother took one look at him, covered her mouth with a handkerchief, and ran inside the house, weeping. Family friends shot piercing glares at him and waved away the smoke as they walked by. A look from his brother said, What the hell do you think youre doing, asshole? He ground the cigarette into the pavement and rushed inside to find his mother crying on her bed. Mom, Im sorry. I completely forgot. Scott stood in the doorway. She turned to face him. The tears had left trails in her makeup, and her hair was a disheveled mess. Her body seemed diminutive in the black dress. The once overwhelming presence of his mother had faded to leave only a shell. Im all right now. She stood up and wiped her face with a tissue. MomI wasnt thinking. Im sorry. I understand. You never think of others. You never did. You only think of yourself. You never show consideration for anyone else. Mom You know your father would have killed you for smoking. He told you to stop. I can just see him now scolding you. He stood over you even though you had inches on him. He couldnt stand the thought of you smoking, making the same mistake he made. He

195 meant it, Scott, but if he couldnt stop you, I dont think I can. She brushed past him and, wiping her face with her handkerchief, she went down the stairs to meet her friends. Staring at the rain outside, Scott stood in the room for a while. He went downstairs and asked Paul if he could borrow the car. * At the cemetery he walked through the grass in the rain. Of course, he had forgotten an umbrella. The water ran down his collar and chilled his spine. Hed probably get pneumonia from this. Yet another stupid idea. Sure could use a smoke. The rain fell in sheets of icy water from the gloomy sky. Morbid halos formed on the tombstones as the water pelted the marble slabs. Soft and slippery from weeks of constant downpour, the grass glistened softly as it waved back and forth with the wind. He walked up the brick walkway toward his fathers grave. Each gray stone he passed seemed to glare at him. It was as if each inhabitant was offended by his presence. The newly turned earth of his fathers grave was still soft and already beginning to show signs of erosion from the rain. As he knelt in front of the mound, Scott read the inscription on the stone. Francis Yoon, Husband to Suzanne and Father to Paul and Scott. May he rest in peace. May he rest in peace. Funny words. No connotation of God or the afterlife. The phrase didnt fit a man who had been so committed to his religion and church. He couldnt pray for him. It didnt feel right. Instead, he stood up and reached into his pocket. He picked one out of the pack and lit it. Taking long, deep pulls, he savored the taste. He blew blue-gray smoke into the cold air. As he prepared to take another deep pull, he hesitated, then bent down and stuck the half-smoked cigarette into the still-soft earth by the grave. For you, old man. He left the pack and the lighter by his fathers stone. As he walked to the car, a gentle mist fell across the cemetery. The rain was letting up.

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ANDREW CHOE I was born in 1984 in Seoul, Korea. I graduated from Penncrest in 2003, and currently I am in my third year, as an English concentrator, at the University of Chicago. I am interested in the publishing industry, specifically in the field of acquisitions. My favorite authors at the moment are Borges, Eugenides, Nabokov, Poe, and DFW. Reflection on Smoke and Mist One of the most admirable professors Ive had since coming to the University of Chicago is an old literary critic by the name of Veeder. In every one of his classes, Veeder begins his first lecture with Henry Jamess dictum, In the arts, feeling is meaning. Then he rattles out a progression of how a reader should work his way to the meaning of a story or novel. First comes the context of the work, which, in turn, is created by the content. This content is constructed from form or formal innovations within the text. From these formal innovations comes feeling, or, rather, these formal innovations must give rise to feeling within the reader. In the end, this feeling or feelings give rise to the so what or the meaning and purpose of a work.

197 When I first listened to my professor rattle on about this, I had no conceptual grasp of what he was referring to. However, after taking two of his courses, I profess to be able to, at least to some degree, see what he means. A true masterpiece exists without any frills, without bells or whistles, and every single word in a given text is specifically chosen with a purpose in mind. In addition, Veeder says, no word other than the one used in a given context is permissible because in the arts, such a thing as a synonym does not exist. In other words, when analytic pressure is applied to a masterpiece, the masterpiece never fails to respond by revealing the rich nature of its origins or purpose. Though I cannot wholeheartedly swallow Veeders theory of the arts, as I am inclined to believe that art does not need an explicit purpose, I believe that his conceptions of art are useful in analyzing fiction. And so I cant help reconsidering my own story according to his criteria. Now I cringe every time I read even one line of Smoke and Mist. Though certain aspects of the story are good, there are too many glaring flaws to simply let pass by. Following my method of madness at the time, I wrote the story without any idea of how I would structure it, nor did I have even a simple purpose in mind. I simply sat down, imagined a picturesque backdrop for the opening scene, and started typing away. It is not surprising, then, that the piece is filled with frivolous details. When Smoke and Mist is boiled down to what could be called its essence, though the word seems pompous in this case, it is merely a story of a boy trying to normalize relations with his father, who at the time happens to be a corpse. Considering this initial premise, I would rework the story so that all the incidents and flashbacks that occur are attempts and failures on the protagonists part to execute a normalizing of relations by various means, such as asking for forgiveness from various other characters, such as his friends, his brother, his mother, and even God. All would become attempts and failures until he could actually come to confront his father face-to-face. In this manner, the story would be a high comedy in the dramatic sense, as the story would end on a positive note. I guess this was what I was intuitively reaching for three years ago when I wrote the story, but without a conception of the bigger picture or even a goal, I had no means of actualizing the true story. Along with restructuring the plot, I would also eliminate many superfluous details and even whole aspects of the story so that the story would better cohere. This process, if

198 executed according to Veeders criteria, would make the story whole and complete without any extraneous details. Anton Chekhovs dictum captures the spirit of this story-writing principle well: If you say in the first chapter that there is a rifle hanging on the wall, in the second or third chapter, it absolutely must go off. If its not going to be fired, it shouldnt be hanging there.

Teacher Reflection Motifs, Mood, and Pacing in Andrew Choes Smoke and Mist This long storys pace is slow and steady, like the falling rain that drenches the landscape in the protagonists hometown, stopping occasionally, but never long enough for the sun to come out and clear the air; the atmosphere, filled with smoke and mist, complements the mood of the story, as well as the pacing of it. In the opening scene, Scott considers the rain an omen, a sign to stay away. Why? we wonder, but, for now, the author conceals the truth, which reveals itself only as Scott faces it. In every scene, a new revelation propels the story forward, sustaining its pace. For example, when Scott smokes his first cigarette, his brother is mortified, and, again, we wonder, Why? We soon discover that their father died of cancer, brought on by smoking. By mid-story Scott stumbles through misty streets in a boozy glaze, dismissing the news that his ex-girlfriend, Cara, now lives with his old best friend. Then, hung over, he manages to skirt even his duty to eulogize his father, ending up drenched, outside the church, in a scene that echoes an earlier flashback in which the old man stood smoking in

199 the rain while his fellow congregants rushed inside under umbrellas. If only Scott could forget the past and avoid the present entirely! Meanwhile, smoke and mistmotifs worthy of the titleseem to cloud our vision, or at least Scotts, as the truth works its way into his consciousness; we begin to realize perhaps before Scott himself doesthat he is avoiding the unpleasant truth, avoiding any sense of his own responsibility, not to mention his own pain and loss. Cigarettes and alcohol, along with the persistent rain, create a smoky, boozy glaze, separating Scott from the inevitable truth, which finally comes from his mother, who tells him he is selfish and cruel, her makeup smeared with rain and tears. At last, in the appropriate rain, Scott confronts his father, with whom he shares one last cigarette, which he plants in the wet soil of the dead mans grave.

Exercise Write a storyor even just a scenein which the atmosphere plays a predominant role, complementing the mood and pacing. Develop motifsrecurring images and ideasthat weave their way into your descriptions. Be sensitive to mood and tonefeelings, colors, soundsand discover patterns of language and imagery that seem to present themselves as you are writing, or even after you have written a draft.

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Trajectory, Velocity Eleni Solomos 2003 The car rolls steadily along the endless stretch of highway, smothered by the slate gray of the sky. The prosaic plane of Interstate 71 is pockmarked by a barn, a silo, a farm every few miles, a rash of abandoned trucks parked haphazardly and left to rust in the expanses of hilly green. His wife sleeps in the passenger seat, her knees facing front, her body turned sideways at the hips so that her weight lies on her shoulder. In quick, sharp glances out of the comer of his eye, momentarily taking his gaze away from the uninterrupted straight of the road, he sees her in fragments: her mouth slightly parted, her nose pink from cold, eyelashes resting against her cheek. The swell of her breasts. The slight rounded bulge of her stomach, the baby just beginning to show. They have just passed the billboard welcoming them to the state of Indiana, then the subsequent sign announcing their entry into the city of Lawrenceville. The handpainted sign has been so ravaged by age that the paint has cracked and faded into the grain of the wood, giving the background a gray tinge. A wreath with a red ribbon has been

201 hung from the bottom of the sign and it smacks against the board with each gust of wind. Paul takes his foot off the accelerator. There are no cars behind him, no cars in front of him, for miles. The slight decrease in speed awakens his wife, and she opens her eyes, drifting for a moment in and out of sleep. He cannot bear to take his eyes off of her as she brushes a tangle of hair out of her eyes with one sluggish hand. She raises her head abruptly, looks at him a moment, her eyes glassy and bright, and shivers. The knitted blanket she had covered herself with earlier has fallen to her feet and she picks it up and covers herself with it. Its cold, is the first thing she says, baring her teeth at the steam clouding the windows. Her voice is ragged from cold and exhaustion. They have been driving for twelve hours now. One hand peeks out of the blanket and she rubs her left eye with her knuckles. Where are we? his wife asks, yawning. We just got into Indiana, Paul says. She can see that his jaw is clenched by the tautness of his cheek. He does not take his eyes off the road, although there are no cars to be seen around him. Dont you think, she says after a quiet moment, shifting her weight to her other shoulder so that she can face Paul, that we should just find a hotel and sleep the rest of the afternoon, stay overnight? Weve been driving forever. Youre exhausted, I can tell. We left the house at four-thirty this morning. At least lets stop someplace to eat. Its so gray out and its so cold and its going to be dark soon. Please. Paul shrugs limply at his wife, lifting his hands from the steering wheel, uncharacteristically smacking them back down in frustration with a soft slapping noise, looking at her twice, quickly, his face blank save for the barely perceptible, bitter downturn of his mouth. Upon their weary entrance into Indiana the enormity of this awful trip has struck him, a violent realization that he is propelling their car forward into an ugly and desperate situation that he has little desire to get involved in. In his profound exhaustion he has become genuinely impatient with her for the first time in his life, rather than trace the fault in such a delicate matter back to himself, as he typically did. Suddenly he has little patience left for her meticulous planning, her trying to make everything right, her tragically optimistic rationalizations, though he knows that at the root of such behavior lies a

202 staggering grief, everything in her life done so as to avoid treading over such fragile ground. Not that he is any stranger to it himself. * Fifteen minutes later Elizabeth and Paul park in the lot behind TOMS DINER of Lawrenceville, Indiana, and get out of the car, the cold stinging their cheeks as the frigid air hits them for the first time in hours. The reek of stale cigarette smoke and rancid coffee is stifling as they walk together into the diner. Elizabeth stifles a gag the second the smell hits her. Christmas lights have been strung over the lighted case displaying desserts. The two stand in line by the door, waiting to be seated. Paul looks at his wife. She has taken off her gloves and is staring down at her hands. The glare of the fluorescent light makes the gold band of her wedding ring look fuzzy. What are you thinking about? he asks. I dont know, she says, tracing her fingers over the wood paneling on the diner wall. Do you ever walk into a place and it reminds you of stuff? Like it just makes you think of certain people? Places youve been before? Like? he says. Oh, I dont: know, she says absentmindedly, gazing at her slender fingers against the dark wood, the harsh light glinting off clear nail polish, her small hands chapped from the cold. She takes her pinky finger and links it around Pauls. Do you remember Mikey Jones? He always smelled like cigarette smoke. And he always wore that cowboy hat. Mikey Jones, a young man theyd gone to school with. Paul looks around for a moment. A man sits in the comer of the waiting booths, a cowboy hat pulled completely over his face and eyes, his hands in his pockets, slouching. His wife is seated next to him, bloated, nondescript. A group of teenaged thugs laughs in the corner, also waiting for a table. The picture of the grimacing MANAGER ON DUTY of the diner hangs above the cash register. Tired, stooped waitresses plod around in blocky orthopedic shoes, refilling coffee. Do you ever wonder about him? she asks Paul. That pretty girlfriend he had, the one with the long red hair? He drove that stupid jalopy truck that leaked oil and coolant all

203 over the place. And then one day he just up and left, remember? And the redhead cried all the time because she thought it was her fault that hed left, she thought hed gone crazy because shed been cheating on him? And hed written her all those pretty songs on his guitar. Paul nods to her, half listening, half remembering. I do remember that, he says. I dont know, she says. He was so serious, so old-fashioned. It makes me think of him in here. The country music. People outdated by twenty years. I forgot how much I hated this state. She shrugs. An ancient waitress walks up to seat them, holding two menus. Paul and Elizabeth sit at a booth by the foggy window. The wrinkled, stooped waitress brings them each a cup of coffee and a small pitcher of cream. Paul pours the liquid into his mug and stirs it with his spoon. He puts one menu between him and Elizabeth. Her hand strays into his lap, eerily reminiscent of one awful late-summer afternoon, many years ago, in the aftermath of a terrible event: Elizabeths father had come home early one afternoon from work, finding the two of them, sixteen, seventeen years old, naked, upstairs, bodies intertwined, quite enjoying what they were in the middle of, and he, on the spot, cursing them both, refusing to speak to his daughter ever again. The next time they saw each other was when school started again in the fall, seated beside each other on a park bench, their meeting place at the end of each day. And in the midst of her anguish that her family was being outright hostile to her and Pauls own crushing guilt, blaming the trouble on himself as he always did, for, in his eyes, anything wrong in this relationship was his fault, for she was too perfect to be to blame for any pain brought to their unionshe had put her hand in his lap and her fingers had wandered and he had been disgusted with himself that he had enjoyed it, in spite of the fact that he was well aware that his enjoyment of this (not thinking, for a moment, that hers as well) had caused them trouble almost more than it was worth. * Back in the car, he consults the map for the nearest hotel. He finds one that, according to his travel book, is decent, about twenty minutes away.

204 The thought of a hotel excites him. Something about the many-times-over disinfected history of the rooms does it for him, not only the myriad of dirty things that have taken place but the fact that both those madly in love and those utterly despondent have conspired in the same room over time, passing sleepless hours gazing at the same exact ceiling, watching the grainy darkness engulf the stucco if they stare hard enough. He also knows that his wife is more wild than usual between the chlorine-smelling sheets of a foreign room, and he is suddenly rendered restless and fidgety by a detached sense of desire, lust that, from the beginning, never failed to carry the burden of you have no idea how lucky you are, you dont even deserve this. She is devastatingly beautiful, shamefacedly aware of her startling loveliness in spite of her self-deprecating manner, those green-brown eyes, the long, sharp nose, the plump lips and the long strawberry hair, so lovely and efficient in manner, so well-spoken and intelligent and humorous that, for the life of him, he knows that he would never be able to explain what, exactly, she sees in him. * He remembers in college there not being enough money between the both of them to afford a hotel to stay for a night. They would, instead, whenever possible, which was rare, cram into each others twin beds in their respective dormitory rooms, for a weekends worth of desperate groping. Faces buried in each others shoulders, the sweet smell of her long hair, words uttered while clinging to each other, like I dont know what to do, Im empty without you, I need you to fill me up, and then, at last, a guilty sense of finally having privacy: that this time no one would walk in and catch them, true love found out and condemned. Out of that sense of privacy grew a certain defiance, and they were meeting each other whenever possible, in the city, at college, staying at each others place for weeks at a time, until the ultimate cockiness: he finally proposed, this novel idea hed toyed with in fantasies since he was seventeen years old. Later she whispered into his ear, Perhaps this time theyll listen, theyll see that weve gone through everything together, I would have been so miserable if Id never met you, weve been together for years now, theyll see this isnt an irrational thing, which it might have been years ago. But making known the secret

205 that they had still been seeing each other all these years, against her parents will, reopened wounds long ago healed, making fresh blood all the more a shock, and the two were cast out, her parents saying to hell with you both, we will have nothing to do with either of you. And here they were four years later, Elizabeth so full of optimism that if it had taken only six months for her family to resume a sense of normalcy the first time things fell apart, then four years would surely have given them the time open their hearts again. And a baby on the way would surely bring them all back together. Paul, she had said to him a few weeks before Christmas, sitting together sipping tea in front of their decorated tree, fully aware of the fact that she had sounded entirely too rehearsed, you know Katharines mother? Her father didnt speak to her over some family thing until she had Katharine, did I ever tell you that? Did you know that? The holidays had made her think that it was time to try to patch things up again, that she would be able to rest easy at least knowing that she had made the effort to bring her family back together again. She was a grown woman and her life had fallen perfectly into place, he a wildly successful lawyer and she an editor at an offshoot of a major publishing house. They kept a beautiful apartment and they made elaborate meals and they lived by such embarrassingly maudlin, they knew it, rules of their love: never go to bed mad; never leave the house without saying goodbye first; dont be apart for more than five days if one of us has to travel without the other. The first time everything had gone to pieces, she remembered eating dinner, trying to keep a stone face down into her plate as her father told her family how much of a disgrace she was. Six months later the family had somehow forged a relationship with all of that smoothed over, and she had never complained about the circumstances of the peace. Her mother had told her that if she found that there was any further contact between her and Paul, she would put a restraining order on hima ridiculous, harsh thing to say, but she said it like she meant it, and that hurt enoughand Elizabeth had curled up into herself on her bed, late at night, crying so hard that she would retch over and over again, making a ball out of the sheets and biting down on it to keep from making noise, ending up gasping for air as she eventually quieted down between the damp sheets. So they lived the next few years without phone calls, without letters, without seeing each other, knowing that the stability of Elizabeths family depended on their virtual separation, somehow still

206 remaining in love: the inexplicable, uncommunicated trust that somewhere the other person still whispers I love you I love you I love you each night with their face buried into the pillow before they fall asleep, that they cry at grotesquely sentimental commercials and revel in the glory of the season changing simply because they have been put in touch with this ethereal gift that makes them sensitive enough to realize, in startling clarity, the severe magnitude of certain things, like love, for one; their own mortality, perhaps; and, always, the magnitude of memory: either a punch in the gut reminding them of a time or a place, or the graceful reminders of those who have passed quietly in and out of their lives. * Back in the car Elizabeth decides that there is no reason for Paul to be quite so upset about all of this. If anything, he should have realized that her efforts to reunite the family was in part to absolve him from the guilt he had unnecessarily placed on himself. It was his habit, she knew, but it was ridiculous nonetheless. She could not understand why he put her on such a pedestal, why he was so convinced that she was perfect. Many times she would start an argument on purpose, simply to sling insults back and forth, perhaps so that he might see her, for a moment, as cruel. Lying on the couch together in front of the fireplace, after an offhand comment about how young they were when they got married: You probably only proposed to me because you couldnt concentrate on your work because you couldnt stand the thought of me running around with somebody else. No, I told you that my life and my work are two separate things, and that the one doesnt influence the other, because even if we were to split up, wed said, we were always going to be happy and do our best at everything only because wed taught each other that. I proposed to you because we loved each other. Is that why you were so obsessed with asking me if I still loved you every few minutes? You were always starting arguments! Every time we had a chance to really talk to each other, it was only because you were furious about something. You were too apathetic to talk to me just to say hello.

207 Thats because I couldnt even talk to you whenever I wanted to, unless I was at college. Obviously it ended up working out, was his stock response. Working out, she thought to herself, irritated slightly as she tapped her fingers against the car door handle. We are driving to Indiana on the day after Christmas to see people I havent seen in ten years because we left so that I could marry you because I couldnt get married to you anywhere that my parents might stop by and shoot you. And yet she was far from bitter: this was as perfect a relationship as anyone could ever conceive, no worries of ever being misunderstood on either of their parts, so she had learned to keep her mouth shut, for the most part. What kept her unhappy was the years of animosity her parents had for Paul, a guilt of her own that their intrinsically unforgiving nature was the source of his own guilt. She had been making designs to solve this for years now, well before they got married: that perhaps one day, driving in the car with her father, she would explain to him that she had never been too young to understand what a serious and complex love was like, she had understood it well, obviously, considering that the relationship was still just as strong as ever. Or someday her parents would simply come to her and tell her that they had decided to let bygones be bygones, and that her life would benefit from the presence of that boy Paul. Or perhaps Paul would someday show up at the house, carrying flowers, maybe? a bottle of wine? and together Elizabeth and Paul would describe their ambitions, ambitions they would have never pursued so enthusiastically had they never met, never filled each others life with such a purpose. And her family would embrace with open arms this man who had changed their daughters life so profoundly, smile in awe of their respect and affection for each other, and maintain their relationship with pleasant get-togethers: a dinner here, a visit there. But such things never happened out of the blue. When, suddenly, surprisingly, she was pregnantsomething they had not counted on for a few years more, but something they welcomed nonethelessthe first thing she had thought was how this baby might be the reason that they all get back together, a catalyst for forgiveness, a blameless and beautiful thing on which they could all find a common denominator. The holidays had rolled around this year and Elizabeth decided that, with this baby on the way, there was no reason for them to remain separated with her family any longer, first dropping hints, then

208 outright pleading with Paul, describing her plans of bringing peace to the family, and so they drove on, the day after Christmas, the roads empty, the air crisp, into the stagnant blackness of the Indiana night. * Inside the hotel bathroom Elizabeth bends at the waist so that she is nearly nose-tonose with the mirror, careful so as not to bump or press the barely perceptible protrusion of her belly against the hard marble of the sink. She squints and plucks her eyebrows in the yellow-gray of the buzzing overhead light. Paul comes up behind her, vaguely afraid, and places his hand on the small of her back. She looks up at his face and not his reflection in the mirror. She puts down the metal tweezers and, reaching up, puts her arms around his neck. He relaxes for the first time in hours and wraps his hands around her body. They hang on each other and sway back and forth to the staticky blare of the television Paul has turned on in the other room. * Paul rubs Elizabeths feet as they watch a movie on the television. The sheets have been turned down; they are dressed in pajamas. Despite his fatigue, Elizabeths nervous machinations on the next days events keep him lucid in his conversation and his listening. Should she call first? He doesnt know. Should they just stop by and walk in? He doesnt know. She is almost excited about the entire situation, as if she is making decisions for a puppet she merely operates, a character she has created, a game in which she moves the pieces. In her years of stifled sorrow she has become quite fond of imagining what would happen if, what would you do if, what would you say if. And the baby, the baby, theyll go nuts about the baby. Thatll be the thing, you know. They cant resist. Its perfect, itll all work out, its just the thing. It is not that late. It is not even nine oclock yet. Hands trembling, she mutes the television during the commercial and picks up the phone the second that the digital clock, bolted into the hotel night cable to prevent its theft, turns to nine oclock.

209 It is an answering machine. Her voice is trembling as she explains who, exactly, is calling, and why, and why she and Paul are in Indiana, and why, exactly, she felt compelled to venture out to see her family, and how they will be stopping by tomorrow morning. When Elizabeth hangs up the phone, in order to negate the immense gravity of what she has just done, she turns to Paul, who had been gritting his teeth again, and says, Paul, were going to have such a beautiful baby. Hell have my eyes and your sweet little nose and your little pout. She kisses him lightly on the lips and a genuine smile spreads across his face. * The character in the television movie is a tragic young woman, she saves and obsesses over little tangible pieces of her life that she saves in a box: letters, pictures, jewelry, other small items. Her family thinks she is crazy. She opens the box again and again to read and re-read these mysterious letters she keeps. We do not know who they are from or what they contain. The letters bring the woman to tears every single time. Thats not that crazy, Elizabeth says when the commercials come on. She shuts off the television and leans over to turn off the lamp. I mean, I do that. Do what? says Paul. He is glad she has turned off the light. He wants to go to bed. If his wife is at all interested in any sort of lovemaking this evening, they better get cracking. He is fading fast. Save letters like that. From who? From you, silly. I save all yours too. I saved other peoples too. A hint of mockery in her voice. Like? It doesnt matter. No, tell me. Nothing. Teasing now.

210 No, really, tell me. Im a woman of many secrets. Trust me, I know. What is that supposed to mean? Hey, I wouldnt want it any other way. A girl needs to have some secrets. Keep secrets from meeee? Dont be selfish. Out of the darkness, in response, an exaggerated sniff of feigned sadness. Dont worry, I love you the most. A stiff silence. Wait. What? She says nothing. What are you talking about? A tremor in his voice, his fierce loyalty and devotion suddenly shaken. There is no joking on this topic for him. Look, she says, her voice so tired, in all honesty, now. You and I met for a reason, I like to believe. Other people cross in and out of our lives. Following the same logic, this happens for a reason. Right? Right, he says. A woman stays late at a meeting and meets a man. They fall in love, get married. This happened in her life for a reason. The next week she stays late at a party and meets another man. The man stayed late at the same party because his meeting this woman was supposed to happen in his life. So now what? You forget, she says, that were all intertwined. Thats all. I try to take advantage of everything that is supposed to happen. What the hell is that supposed to mean? Paul is surprised at the edge in his voice, as is Elizabeth, realizing that she has taken this too far. It doesnt mean anything, she says, and she means it. This she means too. No one even comes close to you, really and truly. She speaks some more and then, after a few minutes, seems to talk herself into sleep. Paul has faded out, concentrating only on her arm, which rests on his chest, a slight, warm weight. He puts together the pieces of what he sees as infidelities and pits them against his overwhelming love for her; every little twinge of envy hes ever felt when she is talking to others, which is often, reminds him of

211 how precariously lucky he is. Of course, his love is reciprocated, but she is right: other people cross into their lives at a million miles an hour, thousands and thousands of people, and she is always temporarily diverted. He really doesnt care. He needs air. He gets up in the bed, achingly weary, and kisses Elizabeth on the lips. For a second Elizabeth wakes up. Do you still love me, though? Elizabeth can hear his voice asking her in her mind. Of course I love you, I will always love you, dufus, she answers back to herself. Her love is based on a series of failed secrets. They will always continue on. She has no concerns. * Paul goes and stands out in the hotel hallway. His feet are bare against the closecropped, velvety carpet, the diamond pattern stretching out down the endless hall. Heavy silence. Electric buzz. He walks toward the glaring white light in the middle of the hallway, from where comes the comforting, warm hum of the soda machine, the low bass rumble of the ice machine. The disinfectant smell. The periodic gray lighting of the hallway. He stands stock-still, just staring down the hall, eyes out of focus, aware of his stomach rising and falling with every breath underneath his striped pajamas. He curls his toes underneath his feet and he turns around and walks back down the hall. Back in bed Elizabeth slings her arm around his shoulder and breathes into his neck. Despite his tiredness her touch makes him wide-eyed, uncomfortably awakeand this worries him deeply, as he was always the one who could not sleep alone, needed something to cling to in order to fall asleep. Im thirsty, she mumbles into his neck. For the first rime in his life he ignores her. He pretends to be asleep. Elizabeth is not sure whether he is really asleep or not, but the thought of him actually ignoring her for once appeals to her. She gets up and walks out, struck by the same need for a moment of aloneness as Paul. She walks around the floor of the hotel a few times before she goes back into their room. She feels a bit dizzy, figuring that it is nerves and exhaustion. She lies down,

212 feeling off, then a few hours later goes to the bathroom, making sure to be quiet so as not to disturb her husband, but when she sees the spotting of blood she is clumsy and panicking and he wakes up immediately. He is more hysterical than she is and they are making phone calls, he running numbly down to the front desk, she sitting, shaking on the hotel room bed, crying and crying, and he is running in and out of the room, people coming in and out, and Elizabeth realizes that any business she had back in Indiana has suddenly crumbled to dust. And then, days later, well aware of their mutual loneliness, Paul is at the helm as they are propelled into the future this timerather than revisiting the pastand his wife sits, broken beside him, her back turned to him and her face out the window. Her hand, however, rests gently on top of his, and he knows that they are still safe, far from any sort of unknown. There are no cars on the road in the early morning fog. His foot is leaden on the gas pedal, and he is thinking to himself of their speed, their trajectory, velocity, hurtling toward some great future faster than they can handle it, they have been planning it since they were mere children, and here they are.

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ELENI SOLOMOS I am currently a junior at Temple University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, majoring in English and minoring in art history and French. Alongside writing, I am passionate about education; I am currently beginning graduate courses in Temples Masters of Education dual-degree program, while working as a cross-curricular writing tutor in Temples University Writing Center. Reflection on Trajectory, Velocity I wrote this story in late November of 2002, my senior year at Penncrest. I find it interesting, exactly three years later, to find myselfusually violently critical of past work to still be content with a piece of high school writing. I think what allows Trajectory, Velocity to hold surprisingly safe status among more recent things Ive written as a college student is the fact that, at heart, what its abouta love forbidden by familiesis a circumstance that is dependent upon the creation of fictions, of noble and novel lies and everyday melodramatics, things that never fail to fascinate me or provide fodder for my fiction. What sets Trajectory, Velocity apart from things Ive been writing recently is the fact that that the storys characters approximate full-blown adults, married and ready to start a family. Anymore, Im very hesitant to write stories about adult characters because I feel as if I have little access to them. This is funny, as I had less access to adulthood as a seventeen-year-old writer than I do at twenty, and yet I still find my access to be nothing more than imaginary. Elizabeth losing the baby was the suggestion of my best friend as we workshopped the story in small groups, and I needed some sort of means to an end. At first I thought inserting a miscarriage was far too easy, but I used it anyway because it provided an actual, recognizable climax for the storys quieter close. It ended up working beautifully, though, as I realized, after the fact, that her miscarriage carried more weight than just a blatant climax and a corporeal loss. Elizabeth and Paul had tacked hopes beyond their own love for each other onto the baby; it was a steppingstone to reconciliation

214 with her family, to making elements of their lives approach peace, so their child could know more than just immediate stability. Thus, its a twofold tragedy when she miscarries the baby, as its inceptiona desperate grasp at Elizabeth and Paul making some sort of physical representation of their complex love, so as to possibly legitimize it in her parents eyeswas steeped in tragedy to begin with. Unfortunately, not all easily inserted, relatively extreme climaxes work out to such an advantageous degree. To this day, I still struggle not with endingsthe final line of a story, spontaneously conjured, is often my impetus for all of the writing Ill do to get up to that pointbut the climactic events that precipitate that divinely inspired, concise ending line. Life is continuous; short stories are finite. At best, they possess the potential to contain infinite possibility and resonance in their limited length. Sometimes I get very frustrated when I have to work towards a climax that leads to an ending, as events do not usually lend themselves to such dynamics in real lifeconflicts are drawn out to stalemate, intuitions dont quiet down, and stories dont end after the last line, however precious.

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Teacher Reflection Omniscient Point of View in Eleni Solomoss Trajectory, Velocity Eleni Solomoss narrative choices allow her full reign of her natural talentsher sensitivity of emotion, sophistication of prose, depth of insight, uncanny psychological understandingall of which abound in Trajectory, Velocity. A teacher might resign himself to the notion that he cannot really teach a student how to writeor at least how to write a good short story like this one; no doubt some students, or writers, demonstrate certain gifts, intangible qualities that may be un-teachable. But every writer has her own distinctive voice, as well as vision of the world, and one persons voice and vision are not better than anothers. When one sets out to write a story, she must position herself in such a way that will free her distinctive powers as storyteller, in order to exercise her voice confidently and to manifest her vision as best as she can on the page. Indeed, in Trajectory, Velocity Eleni demonstrates a tremendous authority, and admirable confidence, but it is important to recognize that she has made important choices as the writer. Teachable, learnable choices. The most important choice Eleni makes is to tell the story from an omniscient point of view, which gives her the ideal angle on the story, not to mention the broadest lens through which to capture her vision. Like a movie camera that both zooms in and pulls out, this omniscient voice provides the author distance from the characters, so that we can observe them simultaneously, from outside their consciousnesses, as in the opening of the second section, Fifteen minutes later Elizabeth and Paul In addition, the omniscient voice allows the author to inhabit the minds of both Elizabeths and Pauls points of view fully, in effect, treating each character as a protagonist, with whom we come to empathize equally. Like a master director, Eleni zooms in to capture the perspective of Elizabeth; she zooms in to capture Pauls perspective, the transitions always so smooth that the reader never senses the slightest interruption or confusion; and she pulls out, reestablishing the readers more distant view of both characters, reinforcing the sense that this story is about this couple, as a unit, with a

216 shared, complicated history, of distinct and yet overlapping worlds. Many, perhaps most, short stories are written from either the first-person point of view or the close third-person point of view, each of which more or less limits the author to the perspective of a single character, whose viewpoint defines the story. The omniscient point of view might seem the more obvious narrative choice for an author, who, after all, would not want to feel restrictedright? But, perhaps, as in life, we are accustomed to seeing the world through one set of eyesour ownand it is difficult enough to make meaning out of things even within the confines of our own mind. In fiction writing the omniscient point of view demands certain bravery, a willingness to imagine ourselves inside the minds of multiple people and to assert our own storytelling voices with such confidence that we expect the reader to assume our authority Thats the fun of it. Exercise Write a short storyor just a scenein which you both zoom in to capture the distinct viewpoints of two (or more?) characters and pull out to a more distant narrative voice. Consider the movie camera analogy, and think of yourself as a master directorand cinematographerwho, from a distance, captures the broad view of your storys world, and then, at closer rangeafter graceful transitionscaptures the limited perspectives of your main characters.

217 Megan and Michael Julie Wasson 2003 He snored. That is why George and Evelyn began sleeping in separate bedrooms. Youre just too loud, dear. I dont get any sleep because I spend all night trying to get you to stop, Evelyn explained to her husband. In the beginning, George slept in his sons bedroom while he was away at college. The room was right beside the master one. The couple had put their newborn son there so they could hear his every cry during the night, and his room had remained there ever since. Only a wall divided them then. The sleeping arrangements continued, and for his next birthday, Evelyn bought George an Aerobed. George tore off the shiny paper and examined the revealed box. Nice, he said. Its supposed to be therapeutic for your back. At least thats what the infomercial said. Evelyn fiddled with her fingers and added, I thought we could put it in the kids old playroom. We can make it your own little bedroom. A few months after the birthday, the Aerobed turned into a real mattress and bed frame. The situation was now permanent. George remained in the playroom, surrounded by his grown childrens old toys and games. The room was down the hall from the master bedroom, making the distance between Evelyn and George even farther. A sense of intimacy was lost from not being in the same bed. It wasnt just the sex; there was something else too. They always used to have early morning conversations, and, before, they routinely cuddled during the cold winter nights. Now, George couldnt even share the latest product review from Consumer Reports and Evelyn couldnt point out the silk blouses she liked from Eddie Bauer as they read together in bed. * Evelyn hated kicking George out the way she did, but his snoring was atrocious. About fifteen minutes after he went to sleep, Georges mouth would fall open, his tongue would slip to the back of his throat, and the horrible noise would begin. The nasally gargle

218 gradually escalated as time went on until it got so unbearable that Evelyn had to smack George with her pillow, awaking him from his slumber. Then, within ten minutes, the noise would be resonating through their bedroom again as if nothing had happened. Until the snoring stopped, Evelyn had no choice but to forbid George from sleeping in the same room. From Breathe Right strips to The Snore Extinguisher, George had tried it all. The contents of his medicine cabinet displayed the persistent effort to stop his horrible habit. As a last resort, George had even visited the doctor. He suggested losing weight, but that was the one thing George could not make himself do. At five-feet, ten-inches, and two hundred thirty-five pounds, George was more than slightly overweight. All that drinking in college had taken its toll on the six-pack abs of his youth, and thanks to a love for just about any food, George now sported a rather large, protruding stomach. The fact that exercise was a rarity in his life didnt help either. He owned assorted aerobic equipment, but like the anti-snore products, the treadmill, the stationary bike, and the gazelle rider were all collecting dust. He wanted to change, but it was just too hard. At fifty-five years old, all hopes of regaining his normal life had diminished. Gradually, he had fallen into the monotonous routine of practically living alone. * In the mornings, George awoke to a faded poster of Sesame Street and elementary school art projects. Although his daughter was newly married and his son was rounding out his college years, the room still looked as though five-year-olds played in it regularly. I just cant bear to get rid of these things, sighed Evelyn when she looked at the room. My babies loved it all so much when they were younger. Always careful not to trip on any toys, George stumbled out of bed and walked down the hallway to his old bedroom. Turning the brass handle on the door, he entered the room to find his peacefully sleeping wife. Despite his absence, she still kept her petite frame curled up on the right side of the bed. George tried to be quiet as he slid open his dresser drawers, retrieving his jeans and plaid shirt for the day, but Evelyn was a light

219 sleeper and usually awoke at the slightest creek in the floorboards. Rubbing her eyes, she watched as her husband prepared to go to work. After getting dressed, George left the bedroom without even uttering a goodbye. Downstairs, once his packet of oatmeal was mixed with water, he popped it into the microwave. Then George poured cold milk over the concoctiona ritual Evelyn had gotten him started on. Staring blankly at the flowered wallpaper, he slowly consumed the breakfast. The cuckoo clock from their honeymoon to Germany went off at seven oclock, signifying the time for George to rise from the table and head out the door to work. After hearing the front door slam, Evelyn rose from her bed. Pulling on her pink robe and terrycloth slippers, she made her way downstairs. Georges dishes were always waiting for her on the kitchen table, and so she gathered them up and rinsed them clean. Then, with Good Morning America buzzing in the background, Evelyn prepared her own breakfast and planned her day. There was always some sort of cleaning that consumed the morning, but her afternoons were typically free. George used to call and see how her day was going, but not anymore. In good weather, Evelyn strolled around the block or pulled some weeds in her garden. When the rain poured down or the temperature fell below fifty, she stayed inside, watching her favorite soap opera. Occasionally one of her church friends stopped by and they drank coffee, chatting about the latest gossip. By far, Evelyns favorite way to fill her afternoons was walking throughout the house, looking at all the pictures that adorned each wall. She had always loved to take pictures and her passion could be seen in every room. There were plenty of pictures of her and George, but most of the framed memories were of her two glorious children. Evelyn had taken such great pleasure in giving them their names. George had let her name their firstborn whatever she pleased. After searching through various name books, she had chosen Megan, meaning strong and able. When their son was born, George had wanted to call him Chuck so he could grow up to be a tough football player. Evelyn laughed when she heard this and offered another suggestion. How about Michael, after your father? George shrugged his shoulders and replied, Okay.

220 And so it was Megan and Michael who smiled back at Evelyn when she stared at their beautiful pictures. Sometimes their two front teeth were missing; other times their skin radiated a deep brown tan from the family vacation. Joy filled Evelyns heart when she recalled the memories of raising her children. The sound of Georges car roaring up the driveway always interrupted Evelyn from her afternoon routine. As George reentered the house for the evening, she headed into the kitchen to prepare their dinner. While Evelyn chopped tomatoes and stirred the boiling pasta, George watched television in the den, his feet propped up on an ottoman and an unread newspaper in hand. They always spent time in separate rooms now. Dinner was the only moment of the day in which they had to come together. There was no escaping, and each night Evelyn made an effort to converse. How was your day, dear? she questioned. Like a child answering his mother, George said, Fine. Ruth stopped by today, Evelyn added, trying to start some sort of communication. Thats nice, George answered, twirling his spaghetti. The only thing that ever brought a twinkle to his eyes was discussing their children. Evelyn knew this and so she often tried to bring up a story about them. Most dinners were over in about fifteen minutes, but the nights when they talked about Megan and Michael, the light above the kitchen table stayed on for a good hour. Even after a talkative dinner, their evening rituals distanced each other. Evelyn enjoyed watching the nightly primetime drama, while George liked to watch war documentaries or some old movie that happened to be on. With the need for two televisions, they were once again in separate rooms. Good night, dear, Evelyn called to her husband at ten oclock. That was his signal to climb up the basement stairs to kiss his wife good night. Sleep tight, hun, George always said. Then Evelyn retreated to her bedroom to prepare for bed. Just as she slipped under her new striped comfortershed thrown the old one awayGeorge appeared in the doorway. After he used the bathroom off the master bedroom, he turned off the light and closed the door for his sleeping wife.

221 Under the covers in his own bed, George kept the light on in his room. Often he removed their old wedding album from the shelf of countless other albums, wondering what had gone wrong. They had been so in love before. Why was it different now? But George never pondered their relationship for long. Soon he fell asleep, and moments later the snoring began. As morning came the next day, their routine continued. * One wintry day in December, they received phone calls from their children. Megan and Michael were coming home for the holiday. George, without being nagged, went up into the attic and retrieved all the boxes labeled Christmas. The couple spent the week decorating their house with holly wreathes and Santa Claus figurines. They added little touches to every room until the entire house was filled with the Christmas spirit. Then George strung colorful lights around the porch and bushes just like Megan loved. While he busied himself outside, Evelyn baked her famous sugar cookies, decorating them with the red and green sprinkles that Michael enjoyed so much. It had been a long time since the whole family had been together, Evelyn thought as she emptied out the last of the decoration boxessince before the separate bedrooms. The night before their children were to come home, Evelyn and George, together, assembled their fake Christmas tree and delicately placed their priceless ornaments on it. They even found the mistletoe, and George was able to sneak a kiss from his wife. Just before noon on the next day, a gray Ford Explorer traveled down Evelyn and Georges street. Their son-in-law carefully maneuvered the vehicle that was filled to capacity with luggage and beautifully wrapped presents. He steered the wheel with one hand, while his other hand rested on the stomach of his wife, Megan. They both looked at each other and grinned. Mom and Dad were going to be so happy. Right behind the Ford Explorer was a beat-up Toyota Camry. Michael tapped his hands on the steering wheel to the beat of the music. The back of his car was filled with dirty laundry, a computer, and a small bag of unwrapped presents for his family. Michael couldnt wait to see his old friends, to eat home-cooked meals, and to forget everything

222 hed learned all semester. Tonight, we will sleep in the same bed, Evelyn stated as the cars turned into their driveway. Okay, George replied. We both love our children too much to do otherwise. Exactly. As the children made their way up the freshly shoveled walkway, Evelyn and George stood in front of the open door, his red plaid sleeve wrapped around the waist of her green knit sweater. The lights were sparkling outside, even in the daylight. The cookies were arranged on a plate, waiting on the kitchen table to be eaten. Everything was perfect. But not even Megan and Michael could perform miracles. Take away the Christmas tree, the holly wreathes, or the Santa Claus figurines and only the bare facts remained. He had a snoring problem, and she could not sleep at nights.

JULIE WASSON Since graduating from Penncrest in 2003, I have been attending the University of

223 Delaware, majoring in marketing with a minor in psychology. Besides missing my creative writing days at PHS, I have been busy helping to run Delawares student dance company and working part time in the on-campus housing office. Upon graduation and entering the real world (yikes!), I hope to obtain a job in marketing/advertising and see where life takes me. Reflection on Megan and Michael One night, I was trying to fall asleep without much success. Here it was, one week before the big English assignment was due, and my short story was crap. Im a perfectionist when it comes to writing, and my current creation was as far from perfect as you could get. Then, I heard my dad walk down the hall. The floorboards squeaked and the door to the spare bedroom closed shut. Suddenly, a new idea popped into my head. (People like to think that good writing comes from weeks of planning, but its the spur-ofthe-moment ideas that seem to be most successful for me.) Right then and there, I reached into the top drawer of my nightstand, pulling out the green spiral-bound notebook that is kept on hand for such occasions. From there, I wrote the first line to my new and improved short story. With the alarm clock set for 6:00 a.m. and the red numbers on its face already reading far too late into the night, I closed up my notebook and went to sleep. I had no idea where this story was going to go, but I knew that had to be the first line: He snored. That is why they began sleeping in separate bedrooms. In general, thats how I like to begin my writing. I start with a basic concept that Im familiar with and let the story take off from there. The clich line that everyone always tells you is write about what you know. I hate to say it, but that is so true. It is a lot easier to describe an apple if youve seen an apple, smelled one, and know what one tastes like. However, never let the whole story be based on personal experience. After taking a simple concept and some minor details, I always let the events and the real meaning of the story appear on their own. Consistency is another quality that I always strive for. All writers have their own unique style. Mine is definitely simplicity. The idea was not complicated, so I didnt want my story to be either. Man snored. Woman could not sleep. They slept in separate

224 bedrooms. Throughout the entire story, I kept this simple motif. Perhaps I even took it too far. Ill never forget the reaction I got after my friends read the story. They gave me this look and just said, But nothing happened. I simply smiled at them. That was the entire point. This story, without saying too much, says everything. Looking back now, I am definitely proud of my work, but I can not help wondering how my story would have turned out had I fallen asleep that one night without hearing the floorboards squeaking and the door to the spare bedroom closing.

Teacher Reflection The Simple Style of Julie Wassons Megan and Michael

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The simple style, as Julie herself describes it, enhances the sadnessor the bittersweet-nessof Megan and Michael. So much remains unexplained, unspoken, unacknowledgednot just in the simple narration of the story but by the characters themselves. The simple prose style reflects the content of the story. The authorand the story itselfdoes not judge the characters or even explain the characters; there is never a sense that one or the other spouse is the good guy or the bad guy. Most important, the simple prose style also allows us to judge for ourselves. We may wonder at times what were supposed to feel. One moment we might be amused by the couples idiosyncrasies; the next moment we might be frustrated by their apparent avoidance of each other, by their willing denial of some deeper problem in their marriage; in the end, we might be both bemused and moved when they acknowledge their act out loud to each other. The characters themselves, in their own quiet, understated way, accept the changes in each other, and themselvesand so we too accept the story and its characters without judgment. The narration never instructs us how to think, never leads us toward a moral. In Modern Literature class we read stories by Raymond Carver, famous especially for his so-called Minimalist style; but Carver didnt seek a simple style so much as he soughtas we all shoulda short story form stripped down to what was essential. His style was the result of his vision, as it should be for any writer. He never judged his characters, who were often ordinary working-class Americans, dealing with everyday problems. On the surface his stories might seem simple, focusing on the what happenedthat is, on the characters actionsrather than on the why or the how. As a result, the stories, especially their endings, can seem surprising in their abruptness, stopping short of a satisfying resolution. But Carvers understated style contributes to a powerful sense of inevitability, a convincing sense that one action leads to the next, which leads to the nextand thats just the way life goes. As readers, we might long for a satisfying resolution that we imagine exists in the blank space just beyond the storys last wordif only the author would let us have it! Stories have the power to lead us to a sense of truth, often in spite of ourselves, in spite of our expectation or desire for morefor a more pleasing resolution or even for more

226 disruptive conflict. Nope, Julie Wassons story seems to remind us in the end, as if reminding us of what weve known deep down all along: this may seem unsatisfying or unresolvedbut this is it, this is how it goes. So much of the storys power lies in whats not on the page. Exercise Write a story, or even just a character description, in which you strive for simplicity, not only of prose style but also of circumstance and conflict. Strive to focus on essential action and physical description. Dont insist on a satisfying resolution. A certain power of your writing may arise as much out of what you exclude as out of what you include.

Cynical Girl Rachael Elliott 2004 Two weeks ago, I was almost convinced Id be watching myself on the late-night Ricky Lake Show as one of those trashy, teenage moms that ends up being booed off stage

227 by the next commercial break. I kept having this horrible recurring nightmare. I walk past a herd of Pro-Life protesters who seem to all resemble my grandma and open the door to what will be the most painful and disturbing experience of my life. Im thinking, Im lucky I turned eighteen two weeks ago or Id be screwed. A preemptive abortion is what I am about to have. A narrow tube called a cannula will be inserted through my cervix into my uterus. It will be attached to a syringe where the fetus will be extracted. Thank you Roe vs. Wade. The doctor looks at me and shakes his head in disappointment. My other two kids are outside on the playgroundI can see them from my window. I turn to the nurse who strikingly resembles Nurse Ratched from Cuckoos Nest. I start shaking and convulsing. Thats when I wake up. * Last Thursday I was late for school, but managed to sneak in the back of my homeroom without the teacher seeing me. I was tired as always from staying up late watching Conan, not that I could sleep anyway. I couldnt stop thinking about the fact that the clinic had closed at three oclock that afternoon. Id gone right after school and didnt make it there on time. What do they expect high school females in need of reproductive health care services to do? Its not like I couldve asked my dad to write me an early dismissal note so I could go get some morning-after pills and condoms. I woke up late and didnt have time to put makeup on, so basically I looked like shit. As much as I didnt want to care what I looked like, I did. I did a lot. Unfortunately, its always been hard for me not to care about those things. The day was going all right until my classmates reminded me that I had an English paper due fifth periodan English paper I thought was due later in the week. Luckily, I had just dropped math and had second-period study hall. Second-period study hall has been saving me a lot. It sucks that Mrs. Stern is a stickler for grammar and detail. Ive never been too good at either one of them. I remember this obnoxious kid next to me saying I should make up a lie to my teacher about how I work late or a family member died and that was why I couldnt finish the paper. What a douche bag. I would never do that. I hate excuses and even though I always have a good one, I never use them. And anyway I had bigger things to worry about than a stupid English

228 paper. I couldve been pregnant for Chrissakes. First period I have Earth and Space class. Since my teacher just plays filmstrips the whole time, I snuck out of the room without him even noticing. I went to the bathroom and sat in my favorite stall. The sentence, Tracey McGavin is a U.T.S. (USED TAMPON SUCKER!!!), has been written in permanent marker on the door of the stall. Ah, the creativity of my fellow female high school students. Tracey supposedly is my friend, but shes also a huge slut. I never minded the comment about her and actually still find it quite humorous. As I sat in the stall, I hoped to Jesus that Id get my period. I sat there for a good ten minutes when I decided that, if I kept sitting there waiting for it, it was never going to come. I went back to class and concentrated on writing my English paper. By the second period bell, I had finished my English paper. It was absolutely horrible but not that bad for doing it in forty-five minutes. The day slowly dragged on and all I could think about was that goddamn nightmare. I couldnt even imagine having to decide whether to have a baby or to abort it. This was a major distraction and because of it, by last period I had failed one test, a pop quiz, and the paper. I didnt give a shit though. At least I wouldnt until report cards came out. As I stood in front of my locker packing my bag, Josh approached me. He questioned me about how everything went the day before, and I explained to him how I was in a hurry. He was pissed but still asked to come along for the ride. I parked my 84 Volvo station wagon two blocks away from Planned Parenthood. My mom works at a beauty salon in town, and I didnt want her to know I was going there. I shouldnt have even cared. She probably wouldnt have cared. Actually, I really dont know how she would have reacted. But still, I put the hood of my sweatshirt up to stay incognito. I remember Josh gently kissed my cheek when I opened the car door to get out, but I resisted him and pushed my head away. I headed towards the clinic while Josh stayed in the car. * Josh is my best friend. Well, basically, my boyfriend, but we decided not to call it that so it would be easier when we break up. I always thought he was too cool for me.

229 When he first kissed me I thought it was a bet with his friends. It wasnt. It turned out he really liked me. He is not the best looker in the world but easy enough on the eyes. All that really doesnt matter to me. He won me over, which is not easy to do, with his humor. He is the funniest person I ever met. Making me laugh is quite the challenge, but its always easy for Josh. I was looking through his wallet once when I found my YMCA membership card from the previous year. He must have picked it up in my room or something. It was taken after one of my sporadic once-a-month workouts. My acne is thriving, not to mention my hair is slicked back, sweat is dripping down my forehead, and I am cracking up laughing in the picture; I dont remember what at, but it must have been pretty funny. I always tell him I hate that he keeps that picture of me, but really I love it. For once something I cant criticize. He doesnt keep a senior portrait or a school picture of me; he keeps my embarrassing YMCA membership card. Soon after the day I found that picture we started having sex. * So there I was, biting my nails in this scheisty-ass waiting room of Planned Parenthood. I would have been there the day before, but it was closed. Just my luck. It was my first trip there and I couldnt seem to grasp how comfortable the skanks were that sat in the waiting room with me. They talked loud, chomped on their gum, and laughed at each others lame jokes. Its like an errand for them. Like a trip to the 7-11. I could never imagine being like, Pick me up some bread, milk, eggs, and, oh yeah, and some emergency contraception pills. I was embarrassed to be sitting around such trash. But still, I deserved to be sitting with them. Meanwhile, this poor chubby redhead girl sat in the corner covering up her freckled face with a pair of sunglasses and a bucket hat. I sympathized with herI automatically assumed she got raped. Then I felt bad because the only reason I thought that is because she looked way too fat to have a guy make love to her. Im such a bitch sometimes. As my mind drifted away from my fellow females in need, I returned to filling out the form. I put my real Social Security number but changed my name. I wrote my name as Phoebe Caulfieldnamed after my favorite fictional characters younger sister. I

230 filled out all the other pointless questions: Have you ever used a condom? How many times have you had sex? And then I handed in the form. About fifteen minutes later, they called my alias. I went into an office in the back where I started talking to this enormously fat Spanish woman. I was extremely embarrassed to have to talk about something so intimate with a complete stranger, but I put my head up and got through it. She asked me when I had unprotected sex, and I told her Saturday. I was almost too late to use the emergency contraceptive pills because it was five days ago. I totally bullshitted my way through the conversation with the lady. We were drunk, it was a huge mistake, never again, I convincingly said. She lectured me about how its necessary to always use a condom. I really dont know why he forgot, or why I forgot to remind him. It was definitely a stupid mistake. Angry with myself, I stayed silent. Tears began to stir up in my eyes, but I held them in. She gave me morning-after pills anyway. It cost me seven dollars. I was to take two pills that night and then the other two twelve hours later. I left the P-Squared, as called by the girls in the waiting room, with an information pamphlet about sex, a dosage of emergency contraceptive pills, and a paper bag of condoms. Planned Parenthood helped me out. I really like what they do there and Im glad to know if I ever need help from them again, theyre there. * People would be surprised about how common it is for girls to take morning-after pills and have abortions. I can understand the morning-after pills because they are taken right away and the only effects are, well, it feels like a huge hangoverdrowsiness and the spins. But an abortion scares the living shit out of me. I cant even imagine! Its so painful too. Megan Siwiki had one back in the tenth grade. She never talked about it, but unfortunately in high school the whole school ends up knowing everything you try to hide. I remember sympathizing for her. My friends all trashed her and said how they would keep the baby and all this gay shit. It is so much bull. You dont know what youd do until you are in the situation yourself. I always try reminding people when debating about abortion

231 that its not like getting a shot; its a painful, disturbing experience. The woman goes through a lot of physical and mental baggage. I always try to stick up for the underdog. Megan Siwiki was one of them. * The whole car ride home was silent. Before Josh got out of the car to go home, I comforted him by saying, Theres only, like, less than a one-percent chance. Its nothing to worry about. Then, I drove over to my friend Traceys. My friends observed my frustration and decided that we all needed to rent a chick flick and watch it together. They rented Ten Ways to Dump a Guy, or something retarded like that. All I thought of while watching that movie was ten ways to kill myself. I could only come up with eight. I couldnt believe that people actually paid money to make that movie. The only good it did was take my mind off the fact that we forgot to use a freaking condom. At the end of the movie, there was a girl singing a song called Feels Like Home. My friends all raved about it. I know this song very well; its written by one of my favorite musicians, Randy Newman. My friends cut me up so much all the time for listening to Randy. Ill be jamming out in the car, and theyll all be like, Dude, this sucks. Put on Buffet! Jimmy Buffet and his fans would probably be rated number two and three on my list of top ten things I hate. Right up there with hangovers, homework, and that ridiculously stupid Kate Hudson movie. I guess that means I hate my friends too. Well, anyway, the mockery of my liking for Randy ended when I told my friends the song they liked so much was his. It felt good telling them that he wrote that song. But the lame bitches had to look it up on the credits because they didnt believe me. I really dont even like my friends. Theyre just kind of there. * I stopped at the Shelbyville Mall before I went home. A man was lying limp on the floor. Security-type people surrounded him. They werent doing anything but staring at

232 him. If he was injured, they werent even helping him, and if he was dead, they were not trying to revive him for sure. After I lost interest in what I figured to be a cry for attention, a guy came up to me and asked, What happened? I have no idea, I said. The guy told me they were taking him away in handcuffs. I felt bad. No one likes to be handcuffed, not even criminals. Sometimes I wish I had the balls to steal stuff, but Im always stopped by the thought of being handcuffed. I didnt want to end up like the guy that the whole mall was staring at. While shopping for a new CD, all that I could think about was how I wished I would get my period. I looked through numerous CDs but couldnt find anything I liked. That always seems to be a problem with me. There were huge posters of different musicians hanging up all over the Sam Goody. A huge poster of Janis Joplin was right above me. Unfortunately, I am named after her. Joplin Breckin is my full name. Pretty much everyone calls me Lin. I hate my name. Especially when kids would call me Joppy in elementary school. That has to be the most not cool nickname of all time. My whole family is named after musicians. My older brothers name is Reinhardt and my older sisters name is Lennon. I would prefer either one of them to my name. Joplin is justits just not a first name. People always tell me how cool it is to be named after Janis Joplin, but I really dont even like her music at all. And then there is the fact that she is one of the most famous alcoholics and people to die from a drug overdose of all time. I guess it could be said that I was destined for greatness from my birth. Or maybe it is just that my parents were on a sick acid trip during the birth of all of their children. I thought about how if I was pregnant, Id name my kid 50 Cent or maybe J-Lo to keep the tradition alive. I was only in the Sam Goody for about a half an hour. I ended up getting nothing, nothing except for more frustration from my indecisiveness about purchasing a CD. I had to go home. I pushed my back door open and entered my quaint row home. Surprisingly, my sister was home. Unsurprisingly, her eyes were beat and she was smoking a clove. She just is too damn cultured to smoke cigarettes. I was glad she was home. I thought it could be my only hope to find some reality; shed at least comfort me. Baby girrrl! She elongated my household nickname in her scratchy voice that fits her vagabond lifestyle perfectly. Lennon has to be one of the coolest people I know.

233 Carefree and optimistic, she is the complete opposite of me. The last time wed heard from her she was braiding hair from a street cart in Florence. That was three months ago. I never really did get the point of her going to Europe. Lennon always talks about the museums there. I bet she hasnt even seen the majority of the museums in our city. Ah, I still love her. I hugged her more tightly than I ever had; despite our six-year age difference and the fact that she first left home when I was eleven, we are extremely close. She offered me some weed but I refused it. Smoking weed never did much for me, except make me paranoid about, well, paranoid about everything. Before I got two words in, she broke out her picture book. I was flipping through her photographs of Florence, Milan, and London, when I stopped cold. My eyes were wandering from the pages, and my sister was well aware. She blew a ring of smoke out the kitchen window and told me to talk to her. The thing I love most about Lennon is the way she listens. Listening is a quality not many behold, but Lennon, she has it. I wish I had her patience. I went on and told her everything me failing my test, Planned Parenthood, the shitty movie, and the guy in handcuffs. Lennon listened, but I couldnt help thinking that all she was focusing on was the fact that her younger sister had grown up. I wanted her to be worried for me. It happens to the best of us. Its really nothing. Ive taken plenty of morning-after pills in my day, she said as I poured a glass of water and swallowed the pills. It was 6:48 p.m. I shoved the other two in the pocket of my jeans. Id take them in the morning. I thought her reaction was ridiculous. It shouldnt happen to the best of us, and I really dont think it does. Dont worry, youre not pregnant, she continued while blowing another ring of smoke in the air. The fact is, I realty didnt think I was. That wasnt necessarily the problem. I dont know, I abruptly responded. I was disappointed with our conversation. Its not like it mattered; Lennon would be gone in a week or two anyway. She never hung around long enough to help me through my problems. She kissed me goodbye. She put her clove out in a flowerpot on the windowsill, slung on her tote bag, and disappeared out the back door. Goddamn pothead. I read a note on the fridge. My mom was bartending, so she wouldnt be home until three a.m. I wished she were home. I would have told her, I would. I inherited my

234 sarcasm from my mom, so shed probably have just thought I was joking and told me I needed an enema. An enema was Moms cure for everything. Thursday nights are insane where she works. I knew she wouldnt be up until the next afternoon. My dad was down at the local dive, Finleys Pub. Thats where he always is. I could never talk to him about it; hed call up Reinhardt and his buddies and theyd all beat the shit out of Josh with their bare fists. My familys useless in helping me cope with my problems. The cell phone has to be the most annoying invention of all time. Josh called three or four times, but I ignored every one of his calls. I made myself Bagel Bites for dinner and accompanied them with a can of Pepsi and some channel surfing. Before I could choose between criticizing Friends or Seventh Heaven, Josh knocked at my back door. I let him in; I was going to have to face him sooner or later. He sat across the kitchen table from me and dug in on the Bagel Bites. I dont even know why Im so worried. Think about how long it takes for some women to get pregnant. I cant be. He kept chewing and stared down at the table for a while, nodding his head like he was really comprehending something deep. He suddenly looked up. He used his sleeve to wipe his mouth off instead of grabbing one of the napkins two inches away from him on the table. I love you and no matter what you want to do, Ill support you one hundred and ten percent. I couldnt help but laugh. Im serious. I want you to know Im there for you, he continued. I turned my eyes to the thirteen-inch television set. The pastor dad was combing his daughters hair. Give me a break, I muttered. Josh was immediately offended. Jesus Christ, Lin. You know youre the most pessimistic person Ive ever met. All I want is for you to know how much I care about you and that isnt even good enough. Nothing is good enough for you. I try so hard and all I get is your cynicism. I was so easily torn apart. I wanted to cry. I wanted to punch a wall. I wanted to just run away. I kept my eye on the pastor dad who was now hugging his daughter. From

235 the corner of my eye I could see Joshs wrists holding his tilted head up out of distress. He lifted his head up and stared at me. I couldnt look back. He said, I have to go, and made his exit. Still staring at the television I whispered, Im sorry, but just like with everything else, I was too late. * Before I went to bed I climbed up on the roof of my house. Its easily accessible from the window of my attic bedroom. As I lay down on my rooftop I attempted to light a Marlboro Menthol cigarette. The breeze was too rough to light the cigarette, yet it fell so smooth when it brushed my long straight hair against my face. Finally as the breeze calmed down I lit the cigarette, lay back on my Little Mermaid sleeping bag and gazed into the sky. The stars and the moon all fit together perfectly like a postcard that night. The moon reminded me of a fingernail after I would bite one off, or what I wanted it to look like. Biting my nails was a habit I never seemed to be able to shake off. My mom constantly attacks me for the habit, but still never enough to make me rid of it. All I wanted in that moment was to name the constellations, but I couldnt. It made me regret never making it to school in time for my Earth and Space class. The sounds of cars speeding down the nearby highway, crickets chirping, and a backyard barbecue down the block all harmonized into a perfect song for me on that hot and breezy evening. I blew a ring of smoke into the sky. From where I was positioned it looked like a cloud floating over the moon. For some reason I was quite amused by this and repeated it consistently, until the cigarette was nothing but a bud to flick off the edge of the roof. I then thought about how embarrassing and funny it would be if someone from school saw me right then. With my oversized white tee shirt on that has armpit stains. Not to mention, my large polka-dot underwear that looked like a pair my grandmother would wear. I dont even recall where they came from or even if they were mine, but what I do know is they were worth looking ridiculous because they were comfortable. I began laughing out loud at myself. I stared up at the stars and began to wonder about my life and what was to happen in it. I began thinking about the slight chance that I could be pregnant. I wouldve loved to receive my menstrual cramping at that time. The tears now began to roll down my cheeks

236 and like always I tried my best to hold them in. Of course that just made it harder for me to breathe and made me cry even more dramatically. Josh was right. I really can be a bitch. My own cry drowned out Joshs voice that had been haunting my head as well as the harmonized sound created by my surroundings. My head began to feel heavier because I was crying so much. I could taste the salt of my tears and the unusual comfort of warm snot on the top of my lip that I oddly enjoy so much. The stars and moon had now flooded into one bright white light conceived by my tears. Licking the top of my lip I thought about going back to my bedroom and calling Josh. Id apologize for being so pessimistic all the time. I eventually got down and went straight to bed. * The next morning I woke up in a small puddle of blood. For once, I didnt mind washing a period stain out of my sheets. Along with them, I threw in my regular laundry. I picked out my jeans from the day before and reached into the pocket. I went to the sink, cupped water in my hand and swallowed the remaining pills, along with my pride. I wanted to let Josh know as soon as possible. It felt good to know that my biggest worry was to admit to him that hed been right about me.

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RACHAEL ELLIOTT I graduated from Penncrest High School in 2004. Currently, I am a student at Temple University studying political science. When not concentrating on schoolwork, I work as a server in a downtown Philadelphia restaurant and take dance classes, as well. Ive been taking dance lessons since I was young, and it is an essential part of my life. Reflection on Cynical Girl I failed a test the day I began writing this story. Actually, I just made that up. I dont really know if it was that I failed a test, got in a fight with a friend, or didnt get a decent role in the school play. All I remember is that I was angry about something while I started writing and then couldnt stop. This was the period in my life when I was growing up and beginning to see things in a new, mature perspective. When I read this story today, I cant help laughing. While writing this story I tried to make the main character as unlike me as possible. So of course I read it now and see more similarities than I would like to

238 admit. I was always known as this happy, goofy girl, and it made me angry because whenever I wouldnt be happy it would be obvious. I think this story had a lot of elements and feelings that are a part of me that I never felt comfortable expressing. Cynical Girl helped me to allow some of those feelings to escape. It was important to me that the story include no deaths, divorces, or anything that could too easily explain the root of Lins cynicism. Shes just a girl going through the same old stupid stuff that most teenage girls go through. Its quite plain and simple. This story is for any girl that has ever sat in the waiting room at the Planned Parenthood, received her period a couple weeks late, not been able to stand her friends or boyfriend, or felt that she is just not really good at anything. Im sure any American teenage girl can relate to something in this short story. At least, I hope so. I always enjoyed writing for myself, but never for school. I have horrible grammar skills. On almost every paper Id get back, teachers would write that I had good ideas but too many run-ons and poor punctuation. A lot of those problems I had with Cynical Girl, but, luckily, because it was chosen for the school literary magazine, I had the chance to fix them. When I read Cynical Girl now, a couple years later, Ive fully convinced myself Im not half bad of a writer. It gives me confidence that even though I may not have a 4.0 GPA or excellent grammar, I still can write an effective storyespecially when it comes down to something I care about. I never thought anyone even read our school literary magazine, the Gryphon, but the response I got from this story was amazing. What amazed me most wasnt even the fact that people were telling me the story was great but that theyd actually taken the time to read something I wrote. For me this was enoughthough the compliments, of course, were rewarding. Im really proud of this story. Id like to thank the brilliant Emily Schu, the editor of the Gryphon in 2004, for her help, hard work, and faith in the story. She helped it all come together. Special thanks go out to my amazing family, especially my older brother, James. Without his critiques on my sister and me growing up, his witty humor, and his love for Woody Allen films, this story would never be. Im grateful to James for teaching me not to care too much about what other people think and for reading me and Lauren Catcher in the Rye, out loud, when he was drunk. He is a great brother.

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Teacher Reflection Romantic Comedy in Rachael Elliotts Cynical Girl In her reflection Rachael Elliott reveals that, if only indirectly, Woody Allen films had some effect on her writing of Cynical Girl. Theres something to learn about comedy from this connectionspecifically, something about romantic comedy, which, in a sense, is what Cynical Girl is. In the traditional romantic comedylets say, for example, Sleepless in Seattle, a movie that many readers may knowthe protagonist starts out reluctant to get involved in a romantic relationship, for reasons we sympathize with (the wife of Tom Hankss character died recently, so he cant imagine loving another woman); by the end of the story, in spite of his reservations, he gives in to the power of love. Nora Efron, the writer and director of Sleepless in Seattleas well as the writer of When Harry Met Sallydescribes two different kinds of romantic-story conflicts: in the

240 one kindas in Romeo and Julietpowerful outside forces prevent two lovers from being together; in the second kindas in When Harry Met Sally and certain Woody Allen films the lovers are prevented from being together, not by outside forces, but inside, or internal, psychological, forces, which exist only in the mind of the protagonist. These protagonists are often neuroticthat is, overanxious, oversensitive, obsessive about everyday thingsand self-conscious, often aware of the fact that their own neurotic behavior is keeping them from enjoying life, specifically a romantic relationship. In certain Woody Allen romantic comedies the protagonist fails to make a relationship work, even in the end, when we might expect a happier ending; whereas, in When Harry Met Sally, Billy Crystals character not only realizes the destructive effects of his own neurotic behavior, but also manages to win the heart of the woman he loves. In Cynical Girl, Lin is a hilarious neurotic. Her observations of people, not to mention her apologetic self-criticism, which often follows her criticism of others, are not only funny, but insightful. She can hardly stand herself for having such a ruthlessly critical eye, but, it seems, she cant help it. We sympathize with her; after all, she seems to be surrounded by fools and ignoramusesfrom the women at Planned Parenthood, to her friends, to her parents and sister, to her boyfriend, Josh. Of course, we get only one persons perspective of LinLins perspective of herselfthat is, until Josh challenges her cynicism, by offering his devotion, which she dismisses with wisecracks. We come to realizebefore Lin herself realizesthat she uses her cynicism to distance herself from people, not only from those she deems offensive or foolish, like the women at Planned Parenthood or her friends, but from those she lovesher parents, her sister, and even Josh. With the exception of Josh, people are continually disappointing her. So, rather than get sad and emotional, she gets witty and becomes detached. Often Lins lighthearted mockery turns bitter and then dismissive. For example, at first Lin is excited to see her sister, hopeful for a meaningful conversation with the coolest person I know, gushing with admiration at her sisters vagabond lifestyle, weaving in only the subtlest criticism; but Lin is disappointed by their conversation and concludes of her sister, Goddamn pothead. And so the story goes: after wry depictions of her parents and siblings, she concludes, My familys useless in helping me cope with my problems. Though we laugh through much of the story, we begin to sense that the path of the

241 neurotic can lead only to loneliness. Josh represents Lins last hope. By the climax, when Josh confronts Lin, the significance of her pregnancy takes a back seat to the significance of her cynicism, which she uses once again to dismiss Joshs sincerity. Inevitably, she is alonebut the author never loses her comic touch, nor does Lin lose her wit, laughing at herself, in armpit-stained T-shirt and grandma underpants, smoking cigarettes on the roof. Along with her tears comes an epiphany, the realization that Josh is right about her. In the final paragraphs her cynicism turns to honesty. Early on in the story Lin rejects the term boyfriendso it would be easier when we break up. At last, with Lin eager to start anew with Josh, this neurotic romantic comedy ends happily. Exercise Write a romantic comedy told from the point of view of a neurotic protagonist, whose anxieties and obsessions provide the story with humor while preventing romance from blooming fully, and whose cynicism distances herself from the people around her, until she realizes, finally, that her neurotic behavior is undermining her love life. Breath Paul Scherer 2004 The neighborhood slept in the darkness. Then a phone rang. Its shrill cries echoed through the house of David Hallsley. Slow to react and still dazed with lack of sleep, David reached groggily for the phone, his hand stumbling over his bed table like a newborn animal struggling to find its footing. David had only begun to rest in the last hour, to let the darkness surround him. As he picked up the phone, David heard the first telltale whimpers of a waking baby. With the receiver to his ear, David turned to face the crib. He had just transferred it to the alcove of his bedroom. Hello? He heard a sharp intake of breath, a quick sniffle, and the click of the other receiver hanging up. His eyes adjusting to the semi-darkness of bare illumination by a light in the hall, David sat up and quickly ran his hands through his hair, as though making sure it was there. The baby had started to cry in earnest. His wails, bouncing off the walls, carried through the empty house, searching for a response. Hes hungry, David

242 thought, climbing out of bed and stepping onto a wet towel. He put his hands under the child, hesitating only slightly with impractice, and carefully walked down the carpeted stairs. His fingers tripped over the bottle as he warmed it; he felt only slightly ridiculous pouring a few drops onto his arm. It took only a short time for the baby to be fed, burped, changed, and sleeping again. Back in bed, David resisted the urge to reach out to the empty space next to him, knowing who would not be there. * He had not slept soundly since the night the sheriff woke him up. While slipping into his worn, brown robe, he had staggered down the steps, cursing at whoever was pounding at the door. He prayed that Michael would sleep through the disturbance. Staring at a pair of wrinkled eyes, disproportionate through the glass hole in the door, David swung the oak barrier out of place and saw three officers standing there. They had asked to enterbut they never looked at his eyes, he later realized. That should have been the first clue. David ushered the men to sit and then sat himself. It had been quick, they told him. His wife, Julia, had died in a car wreck. Their words had rolled around in his head since that night, marbles too large to be flushed out with tears. The sheriff had stared at Davids feet while he filled in the details. There had been a drunk driverand a dangerous intersectionDavid nodded and soon let the uncomfortable men leave the house of mourning. They had knocked on the door and come and gone. He was no longer in disbelief. He knew. Their knock had shattered his house of glass and sent the world he had created spinning off its axis, just slightly. How could he have known? * Caroline came alone a few weeks later, when the commotion surrounding the funeral had died down. Her sunglasses veiled her eyes; her hands shook. She had rung the doorbell with the incessant urgency of a tortured and chased soul. The sunlight was harsh in the afternoon; its intensity rushed her through the door and into the cooling shade of

243 Davids drawn windows. She held her arms about her shoulders, shuddering with each breath; it had taken everything for her to come. David closed the door behind her, hesitating to shut it as his eyes took in the situation. He murmured a slight, unanswered Hello that she may not even have heard. David peered into the kitchen, watched the baby in its electric swing for an instant, the gentle tick-tock-tock that had permeated through the house interrupted by this strange sensation of desperation. Caroline sat on the edge of the couch, uneasily, wringing her hands and eventually removing her sunglasses. David sat near her but did not touch her. She had become drawn into herself. It began two years ago, her quavering voice cracked with strain, desperately struggling to keep a steady flow of syllables. My sister said she couldnt stand being chained down. Then the baby She made a slight gesture toward the child in the other room. Unable to say anymore, she leaned into David and pressed her mascara-stained cheeks to his shoulder. She had said enough. Her tears spilled onto his blue shirt and crept outward to form a deep-blue stain. More tears came. They ran down his arm, trickling down the side of granite cliffs. He had hardened in those instants of betrayal. His wife had not been coming home from buying groceries at all, nor had she been running any other late-night errands. She had come, flushed with excitement, from a man David had never heard of, a man hed known nothing about. Julia had not found happiness or satisfaction with him. David felt himself crumbling from within. He led his sister-in-law to her car, the wheels screeching as she fled the scene. He walked back inside, his son beginning to gurgle and awaken. He had promised at his first glance that he would never abandon his child as he himself had been abandoned. He had made the promises his father had never kept. He would love the child. He could not let him go. He swept his son into his arms, flattening his wisps of hair against his head. His tears hit Michael and ran down the back of his head. Hearing the childs slight whimper, David pressed his son more closely to his body. * Davids stomach dropped as he pulled into the lot and parked his car. Taking a deep breath, he pressed his palms to his eyelids, the force causing a burst of stars and

244 colored ribbons to shoot out of some part of his brain and strike his consciousness. The cars soft idling sounds did nothing to soothe him. The gently blowing heat at his feet still left him chilled. Turning off the ignition had taken on an eternal significance; for David, it symbolized the point of no return. He opened the door and stiffly swung himself out of the car, supporting his frame with a hand on the car roof. A chill passed over his skin and hit into his quivering stomach as he stood and read the metallic, silver sign on the building: Wilson Medical Laboratory. He had come here a few weeks earlier, that time with his son. He felt his shoes grip the pavement. Glistening in the sun, the glass doors stainless-steel handle beckoned him forward. Suddenly, he felt naked, standing motionless at the threshold of the building. He could hardly open the door, much less cope with the information he would soon hear. He pressed his forehead to the glass, suddenly feeling its coldness as the glass absorbed his body heat. Suddenly, gripping the door with his gloved hand, David pulled himself inside. The dark, stone-polished floor reflected his image back up at him. The tempered lights shone behind frosted glass plates. The walls, white save splotches of muffled, seemingly bleached, modem art, were barren. He felt his stomach drop as he came to Dr. Heisen s office door. He pressed the cold, metal handle to his now ungloved hand and turned it. The waiting room was quiet. A woman sat beside a window, tears at the corners of her eyes, her hands limp, a scrap of paper in her lap. The ruffles of her skirt stirred just slightly, the loss of a dream seeping out of her. It was only his fear that kept David from looking on her with pity. David brushed by much of the sparse room, building up enough courage to plow forward to the receptionist. She spoke into a receiver in muted tones, her eyes glued to a computer monitor, utterly withdrawn from the plight of others. Her voice was soothing, but her hands were constantly in action; her feet tapped and her leg swung in barely perceptible arcs of utter boredom. Her hips, widened from sitting for hours, were glued to the chair. A Diet Coke with a plastic straw was not far from reach. She flicked a pencil toand-fro between her fattened fingers. He walked to the desk in a quiet way, his shoulders stooped low. His eyes scanned her face, searching for any sign indicating that she knew his secret. She looked squarely at David and then brushed him off with a wave of her hand, as though shooing away an

245 impertinent waiter. His momentary hesitation, his manifest uncertainty, delayed his retreat for a fraction of a second. Reaching to close a glass partition, the receptionist sealed herself off, as if she were not already. David walked to a chair and sat on its edge, the uncomfortable lip of the vinyl pressing against him. As if hiding from some omnipotent truth, David closed his eyes, his hands covering them. Slowly, he reached behind his head, lowered his torso, and shielded himself. He exhaled, not having realized that he had been holding his breath. A moment later he inhaled, held his breath and waited for a sound from the secretary. He gradually began to think that he would never be called. The seeds of hope grew in his chest, as the receptionists suddenly harsh, hard voice startled him even more. May I help you, sir? Pressing his hands to his knees and lifting, he stood up and walked over to her. I would like the results for David Hallsley. His plea was uncertain on the first syllable but soon fell back onto the safety of the phrase that he had practiced the previous night when unable to sleep. Is that you? Yeah, he stuttered, pausing, then continued, I came in a week ago. Do you know that your results have been in for days? You paid extra to have them rushed. It was a statement, devoid of sympathy. Yes. He stared back at the receptionist, ready to leave. She swiveled in her chair, reaching into a low filing cabinet. Her hand reached into a file, its black cover momentarily blocking her fingers. She extracted an otherwise ordinary, plain, white envelope. Is there anything else you need? Thats all. Thanks. David put the envelope into his upper, left-hand jacket pocket and buttoned his coat. He pressed the envelope with his right hand and felt it. Without looking at the receptionist again, he turned around. As he heaved the door open again, he knew that he had crossed a threshold that he could never return through. The sun shone in shifts; the rapid swirling of clouds above him mixed sunlight with shade. He opened the car door and lowered himself to the drivers seat. With another affirmation of the presence of the stiff paper, he inserted the keys and left. *

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The hours of brooding in his car as he waited had not prepared David for the sight of his wifes lover. From Caroline, he had learned the mans name. James Hugo. It seemed sudden when James emerged from his office building, unaware of being watched. James affected an air of happiness and success, but David thought he saw, or at least he hoped, that Jamess carefree attitude masked his pain. The sight of his wifes lover was neither a shock nor a push to deny the truth. The mans existence was simply a confirmation of a horrible truth that David had not wanted to believe. James made everything that David had taken as truth a possible lie, another possible fallacy. A part of David wanted to lash out at the man who had taken his wife from her rightful pedestal, the man who inspired David to question his sons identity. Another side of David made him want to shame the lying bastard, to heap societys wrath on his head. As he continued to watch the man eating in the deli next to his office, the pounding blood in Davids ears slowed. David could see how James would tempt a woman. He had sleek black hair and deep-blue eyes; his chin and cheeks were slightly dimpled. His frame showed regular exercise, but the way that he carried himself suggested that he had seen the world. His swagger had taken him through the Italian Alps; his crossed arms had gazed on the great matadors of Spain. Julia had always understood people; she would have recognized the mans worldliness. David could almost visualize her approach, a demure glance cast across busy tables. She had sat with him, chatting in her charming way, throwing her head back to let the wind catch her hair. David saw her first almost daring herself to stay and then gradually letting herself be swept away in his charm. They must have met secretly. James would have known about David. When they were close, would either have ever thought of what they were destroying? David looked out his side mirror as if averting his gaze from the picture that had begun to form in his mind. But the question lingered: What was it that he gave her that I couldnt give? The simplest answer would have been affection, doting, and physical love. But that isnt Julia, he told himself. There had to be something else. Perhaps she was trying to escape the normalcy that had begun to encircle their lives. The arrival of the baby had toned down their time for each other, but neither had had much more time for the other before. Maybe it was for the danger, maybe for the escape, maybe Davids mind had

247 gone blank. Ill never know. David softly rubbed his temple with his fingers, his eyes open and staring unfocused in the direction of the speedometer. He raised his head and glanced once more at James. His chest raised with the intake of a breath, and his eyes shut for several seconds. He opened them again. Davids car came to life quickly, then disappeared, driving away from the cafes and the bustle of commerce and into the endless blocks of the suburbs. * When David arrived back home it was around two oclock; his mind was scattered. He entered to find the babysitter ogling over the baby, her blond hair forming a tent around the babys head. The child was laughing in the soft, almost soundless way that babies do. She left after a few more quick glances and funny faces in the babys direction. David went into the kitchen and stirred up a bottle. Sitting on the couch, he fed his son, no longer unsure of how to act or what to do. His meal over, the baby was changed. He fussed when David tried to put him down for a nap. In the end, David lay down on the couch with Michael, softly cooing the baby to sleep. When Michaels breathing had become light and even, David looked down the length of the couch, the only noises the slight breaths of air. David imagined their future, the coming years passing as a rush of memories, here then gone, like wisps of smoke in the wind. He saw Michael, growing, learning how to ride a bikeasking him about girls a few years latershaving for the first time, father and son playing with latherhigh school graduation, his son accepting his diploma Father and son soon slept silently on the couch. * In the farthest corner of his closet, David hid a shoebox. He stayed awake that night, filling the box with everything that he wanted his son to know someday. David had put inside a few of his love letters from Julia, his will, a stream of thought put to paper of how he felt when Michael was born, a few things about fatherhood, a letter to his son of his regrets to date, and the letter he had never opened. The hex was sealed with a mass of tape,

248 never to be opened accidentally. The next day, whenever he opened his closet door, David would surreptitiously glance into the corner. David was and always would be a good father. He knew it. After Michael was born, while he waited outside of me room where Julia and her newly born son slept, he had glanced through one magazine after another. One line had struck him and came back with stunning clarity: In every breath we take, we breathe the atoms of each and of every other living creature with the exception of those of the very young. David knew that Michael was breathing now the breath of his father, using and expelling it, without ever being able to know if it was David or James. David had that day promised to himself that he would love Michael as he deserved to be loved. David could not fall asleep the next night. The soft breathing sounds of his young son did not comfort him, but rather made just enough noise to keep David awake. He rolled over and faced Michael. His son felt distant. David reached out to his son and tried to doze, synchronizing his breathing But he couldnt. There was something different. Some discordant element was destroying the harmony of their lives. David rolled over. His eyes flicked involuntarily to his closet. He knew what was there. David got up. Moonlight streamed into the bedroom through the uncurtained window. The infant was bathed in the pale glow. David could hardly bear to reach down and feel his sons soft skin under his callused hands. Michaels innocence glowed from within, a hidden quantity held just below the surface. David turned around, faced his closet, and threw the door open. It slid noiselessly. Davids hand plunged into the darkness of the closet; it sensed where the shoebox was and grasped it firmly. David could not bear to open the box in front of his son; he would not know how to live with himself if he built another wall between them. David stalked into the kitchen, found a pair of kitchen shears and a box of matches, and ripped open the bonds holding the box together. He found the letter sitting on top of a pile of joyful memories and extracted it. The feeling of the cool, smooth paper against his skin sent tingles up his arm. Walking outside, David found himself only slightly chilled. He stepped out onto his driveway and saw the moon shining brightly. It was almost full. A light breeze played games in the treetops, its footsteps the slight indentations in the line of leaves. He lit a match. The yellow warmth heated his skin. He slowly brought the flames

249 closer to the letter. The charcoal-black color that always precedes a flame had just begun to appear on one corner of the envelope when the breeze extinguished the flame. David stared at the letter. The thoughts of an unsatisfied wife and of her careless lover flooded Davids mind. He had questioned his ability to connect to his son. He lit another match and cupped it against his body, tightly. The fire burned steadily. He again tried to light the letter. The flames grew closer to his fingertips, singeing them. David hardly felt it. Finally, the letter began to burn. David dropped the match. He watched the black ash dash ahead of the engulfing flame as the barrier between his son and himself slowly disintegrated into a pile of gray dust. David released the envelope just before it reached his fingertips. He watched the breeze carry it away, waiting till the moonlight no longer illuminated the remaining scrap of paper. The light that had been gone for weeks rekindled in his eyes. He turned away from the scrap of paper and headed back towards his house, his son, his future. He was free.

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PAUL SCHERER Since graduating from high school in 2004, I have studied biology in the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Pennsylvania. However, as of spring 2006, I am currently taking a writing course in the experimental short story. This has given me an opportunity to get back into reading and even writing short fiction. Reflection on Breath I have always had trouble coming up with ideas for creative writing assignments. When I started writing Breath, I had only the vaguest idea of what I wanted to say. I did not feel comfortable writing about someone my own age, so I decided to go out on a limb and try to get into the shoes of someone much older. One of my favorite short stories is Air Mail by Jeffrey Eugenides, who said that his goal was to write a story wherein death and enlightenment would be indistinguishable. I really liked his idea of combining two completely disparate concepts in the climax of a story. In the beginning I lacked a clear vision of what I wanted to accomplish, but as I wrote I gradually developed the notion that I wanted to combine the concepts of unconditional love and complete ignorance, or indifference. Before I can start to lay out a scene, I find I have to visualize the entire course of the action in my minds eye, and then I have to make sure that I describe enough of what I see so that I convey the right mood, tone, and action of the scene. For example, when

251 writing about the conversation between David and Caroline, I was watching her walk through the door unsteadily, and I knew the guilt she carried. My goal was to provide a descriptive narration. To know if I have actually managed to convey a scene as I saw it and to see how far I still have to go, I find comments from an outside reader to be very useful. In writing Breath, I was fortunate enough to have an excellent reader. I will always be grateful to my friend and classmate at the time, Emily Schu, who provided essential help at every stage of writing, without which I am sure that the final result would have been a poor shadow of its present self. Rereading my story two years after I wrote it, I find there is little I would like to change. It is far from perfect, but I simply do not think that I could get back into the frame of mind I was in when I wrote this story. There is one point I would like to address, a question Im asked quite frequently after someone reads Breath. What did the letter say? I always say that I never made that decision. The most important idea I hoped to get across was that the contents of the envelope are truly irrelevant.

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Teachers Reflection Starting In Medias ResIn the Middlein Paul Scherers Breath Paul Scherer begins his story in medias resa Latin term meaning in the middle. That is, the present action of the story begins after significant events have already taken place: it is through flashbacks that we witness police officers delivering the news of Julias death, and Caroline revealing the secret of her sisters affair; it is through back story that we learn that David has already completed blood tests to learn the identity of his sons biological fatherin fact, when David goes to the laboratory, in the present action, we discover that the results have been available for four days now. All of this has already happened. Needless to say, considering the chronological timeline of all the storys events, the author does not start at the beginning; rather, he actually delves into the present action soon before the climactic action, when he burns the blood-test results. Why does the author bury compelling plot elements in the past and reveal them through flashbacks and back story? Why not begin the story earlier and flesh out these crucial scenes in the present action? In the first scene of Breath we see a father caring for a crying baby; and then he resisted the urge to reach out to the empty space next to him, knowing who would not be there. At this moment the story moves in two directionsboth forward and backward;

253 that is, we wonder not only what will happen next? but also what happened? The second scene transitions smoothly to a flashback, to the night David learned of the car accident that killed his wife; the third scene transitions smoothly to another flashback, to the night Caroline informed him of Julias affair. These flashbacks work well, because we are as interested to learn about Davids past as we are about his future. We are one-third of the way through the story before we actually get to the compelling present action, when David goes to the labbut, even then, we learn that the blood-test results have been available for four days. The formator the structureof the story reflects Davids core conflict, his fears and desires. The truth of the matteras we ultimately discover when David burns the test resultsis that, deep down, he doesnt want to know the truth about his sons biological father; rather, he wants to be, as Paul writes in his reflection, completely ignorant, or indifferent. His love is unconditional. It makes sense, then, that the story starts so late, or in the middle, because David must, first of all, shed the past before he can deal with the present; put another way, the past is part of Davids present conflict. The early flashbacks serve to demonstrate Davids ongoing struggle to reconcile himself with the truth about his wifeand with the potential implications of her affair; only after he accepts the past can he confront the mystery of his sons DNA and set himself free. Exercise Write a storyor even just write the opening of a storybeginning in medias res. For fun, test out potential beginnings as close to the climactic action as possible, perhaps even in the instant before the climaxor even after the climax. Remember that the reader will wonder not only what will happen next? but also what happened already?what happened that led up to this moment in time? Use the mystery of the past to create suspense. Consider how and where you might most effectively weave the pastthrough flashbacks and back storyinto the present action.

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Share the Darkness Patrick Shubert 2004 I cant say I expected it to end any better. The week had been hollow that way. Predictably enough, things that seem too good to be true slip away under the slightest inspection. I allowed myself to be drowned and stirred in the moment. Lying out under these stars, its all so simple again. The sky spreads out above my head with an omnipotent grace, touching the four corners of the world in an indefinite moment. It can see through me, through my antics, my intentions, my mistake. She must have seen my world this way too. The road lies cool against my back, and it holds me here in this hopeful eternal moment. So much has happened, and so much has yet to happen. I am here. Even now in a frozen silent frame, which I manage to inhabit, headlights approach, taillights recede. The world seems moist and real, seeping through me. There was no way to know better, no right answer that could have prevented this. It just was. I had been tired but happy. It was a feeling that had become the standard mode of high school existence. The grass was fresh under my bare feet, and my muscles, though sore, were still alive. The moment was familiar; the players exhausted and content to retreat. Aw, hell, Mack, we have an optics test tomorrow, dont we? Tuesday morning test, yup. It sounded right at the time. Why would anyone

255 think I knew? I didnt care. I opened my trunk, pulled out my socks, and stashed the ball away. The sky had begun to feign death, only to be awakened again at some point in the uncertain future. I had best set home. Already a dozen friends had piled into various cars across the lot, with diversified destinations in mind. A few hung by the gate to the field, preaching in boastful voices of plans for the Friday dance. I had little taste for the public debates of girls merits, which would soon follow. It wasnt that I found it offensive but that I had very little to say on the subject traditionally and added little to the weekly postgame conversations. Pulling on a light jacket and tennis shoes, I usually would head home after my game and stop by a coffee shop on the way. After spiking my tank with a necessary cup of caffeine Java, I could head home and face the tedious reality of my evening homework. I slipped into my car unnoticed by the remaining crowd and pulled out of the parking lot at sunset as the remaining boys cast long, lazy shadows on the field in the remaining daylight. The shop was a small comfortable one, bathed in earth tones, but it did little to calm my pre-work anxieties. At any given time I felt I carried the weight of my unscheduled appointments. I made my way out onto the street, coffee in hand, half dazed by the mental manifesto of work to be completed later in the night. A call from across the street woke me. Mack! What are you up to? My eyes crawled the sidewalk for the familiar voice of my friend Andrew. Coffee...alone? he continued. You goon. A bunch of us are coming back here tonight, grabbin coffee and studyin optics. You want in? I thought for a moment. I knew the chapter fine but the session would be a necessary escape from my house. Sure, what time? Andrew paused for a moment, as if to think before speaking. Eight, Ill see ya there. * I found myself back at the shop a little after eight that night, physics book tucked uncomfortably under my arm. A dozen people had already arrived and were milling about,

256 insulator cups in hand. The classs top students were gathered around a medium-sized table, paging through unnecessary tomes of notes as top students tend to do. In a corner opposite them were some juniors, studying for their own physics test the next morning. The air caught my throat as I worked my way into the room. It was thick with thought. I made my way over to an empty table between the seniors and juniors and sat down. I was already exhausted. It wasnt a bad day by any measure, but it was tainted. Every day had lost its joy to me, wrapped in a heavy veil of college anxieties. I wondered where Id be in a year. I wondered how I would pay for it all. A light guitar strummed in the background of the dimly lit caf. I wanted more than anything to be that guitar player. I wondered what it would be like to be a gentle undercurrent of contentment under the overtones of everyone elses professionally driven lives. I was slipping into sleep while waiting for Andrew, and the idea of doing any work at all was unpleasant. I hoped no one would approach me at the table. Andy found me quickly. She didnt seem anything special, but that was my fault. Rachel had sat behind me in class the prior years. We had never talked. I didnt even know she took physics. Now she stood there next to Andrew, her neighbor. These seats taken? Andrew sat down before waiting for an answer. Rachels gonna study with us. You dont mind, Mack. Yeahno. There it was, undeniable work sitting in front of me; there was no way for me to slip out of it now. The night is somewhat of a blur. Andrew circulated tables while Rachel and I tried to get a grasp on our tests. She was younger, but I was no help. Less work got done as an unexpected conversation grew slowly. If you ask me now what she said to me, I couldnt tell you. Its not that I wasnt listening; it just seemed unreal. I had never talked to her before, but it seemed full and familiar. Our physics books sat open between us, lonely and unstated. We procrastinated and were distracted by a conversation that ebbed lightly with guitar in the background. It seems like a dream, and perhaps it was. Slowly the room emptied, but we were unaware. I was still surrounded by the thoughtful ghosts of those who had been present hours ago, but I only saw her eyes. It was the perfect time of day, until closing time. We said our goodbye as we moved into the street. It was a shy, unwelcome

257 goodbye. It was a pleasantry after a conversation to which we had both wished there would be no end. I climbed back into my small car on the opposite side of the street and threw it into gear for home. The back roads were dark, with very little moonlight to cut through the crisp November air. The stars pierced the blanket above me. They were innumerably large and inexpressibly small all at the same time. The darkness was interrupted by delicately powerful points of light. I had never seen them before. Not like this. Perhaps the conversation had dipped into a dream, and I had now been returned to reality with a quiet celestial key. The stars were cast east over me as I drove west past fields of corn and alfalfa. I remember thinking, Im not alone tonight. That night I lay in bed awake. I wanted to show her. My ceiling spun above me as I reconsidered my few hours awake. I could see through the ceiling, through those hours of light, where suns burned overhead invisibly. I had been missing something. As I walked down the cold sidewalk and worried over my colder future, life spun out around me unseen. How was I so blind? It was always there, all around me and without her I held myself close to it. What she said to make it clear remains a mystery. I didnt remember a deeply philosophical conversation or any revelation. It just had been there. I wondered if she felt it too. * The next day, school passed before I realized it had begun. The physics test seemed practical, nothing outstandingly hard or easy, and a bunch of kids decided to stay after school to finish up a take-home portion of the exam. I hoped Rachel would be there. I found Andrew instead. Yo, Mack, what do you have on problem seven? Andy inquired. I looked down at my pages of work. Number seven was blank. Um, I havent gotten to it yet Andrew continued his work, not giving me so much as a disappointed glare. Finally, he looked up at me with a half-crooked grin. Maybe youd have finishedif you hadnt had such a good time last night. Aw, go to hell, man. Youre kidding me. I was just helping her with Physics. I

258 paused a moment. And stuff And stuffand stuff Andy laughed. My face filled with blood as I tried to defend myself against Andrews unwarranted attacks. Luckily, the subject herself chose to interrupt our conversation. I noticed Rachel as she walked through the door. and stuff. You two are cute. Andrew laughed, unaware she had entered the room. I shot him a dirty look and threw my eyes towards the door. He turned to see her nearby and then sent me back an embarrassed shrug. My eyes returned to Rachel; I wanted to say something. Hey, Mack, Rachel called to me. Hey, Rach, howd you make out on your test? I asked with a sincere notion in mind. Well, I probably would have been better prepared if I actually spent some time studying last night, she laughed. I felt accountable. Oh, Im sorry. I talked your ear off, didnt I I managed to mumble a short apology before she interrupted me. No, no really, its fine. I just didnt see it coming. Had we ever even talked before? I didnt know. Suddenly I realized I had probably seen this girl every day in classes the previous year, and never taken the chance to look deeper. I dont know, I chuckled awkwardly. Hey, if youre not too busy tonight, how about I be a distraction again? Want to grab some coffee? If my question was awkward, her response was even more so. Sure, Id like that. She forced the words out, Look, Ive got to head over to play practice but take my cell number and call me around six-ish? I took the instructions as if they were a holy quest. * That night I called Rachel at 6:01fashionably late. We decided to meet again at

259 the cafe that had been so kind to us. I found her about a half hour later sitting at our table from the night before. I had never realized how beautiful she was. It was that quiet understated beauty, the type that just seemed to lie asleep under everyday life until you manage to awaken it, and then theres no way out. Our words trumped those from the night before. Everything seemed familiar and comfortable; she seemed familiar and comfortable. Again we lost track of time, and when we realized it was almost nine, we hurried out onto the sidewalk. It was another cold November night, with not a single cloud to blanket us. As I walked her back to her car, we both looked towards the sky. There were countless stars, all hanging just above our heads. I watched her watching them. I didnt need to show her; she just seemed to know. Lets pick one, I asserted. What? Lets pick a star, our star. I hung back about five feet out of my skin, watching myself. What are you saying? It was that kind of sentimental bullshit you might see in a 1950s romance B film, but I liked it. She hesitated for a moment and looked up at the sky. That one, just below the other three in the line. I found the star without trouble. It was ours. Its amazing. I think you picked the best one. We paused and looked at each other. It seemed as if hours passed before we said goodbye, and she reached for the door handle of her car. In truth, that moment couldnt be long enough. That night, I lay in bed awake once again. I could see through my ceiling; it had practically melted away from my room. I could see our star. I felt the stars pierce my mind, cold and distant, warm and ever present. I wondered how I had never seen them before, such beautiful things gone by unnoticed. It made me wonder what else I had been missing. I felt as if I had been admitted into a new corner of life, a niche that felt more right for me than anything I had ever known. The rest of the week passed in the same ether as Monday and Tuesday nights. I saw Rachel each evening up until Friday. We talked about everything. Religion, goals, and music fell victim to our evening conversations. I didnt ask her about Fridays dance; it was all going too well.

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* I wandered into the school lobby about an hour late, as upperclassmen tend to do. Music leaked from the closed cafeteria as freshmen ran across the hallway, screaming and carrying on over the social event of their naive adolescent existence. I just wanted to find her. I pushed my way through the crowd of toddlers in make-up and grown-up clothes, into the cafeteria. The music and lights were mildly disorienting, and I felt congested as crazed dancers surrounded me. I spat words at casual acquaintances and friends as I pushed my way through the crowd of dancing ninnies towards the front of the room. I saw her through the crowd; she was more beautiful than ever. Surrounded by friends I didnt know, she laughed and shouted over the music at an unfamiliar guy. She leaned over and kissed him. I dont remember forcing my way out of the cramped cage of teenagers, fighting fiercely for space. I dont remember storming out of the school to my convertible in the parking lot. I dont remember throwing my car into gear and peeling out of the parking lot, no sound destination in mind. I couldnt go home; my parents would only fill my night with inquiries and concerns; they wouldnt understand. I couldnt even understand. It had all seemed so right. It had all been so fake. I felt my heart pounding against the back of my bucket seat, my car sliding across country road past fields and livestock. A clearing was familiar. I saw my Monday night field. I pulled my car into the vacant lot, and threw my door open, slamming it a moment thereafter. The field was empty, given a second life by the night, and I made my way up the short embankment between the parking lot and the road. I took a step onto the cool pavement, still looking across the street into the open field. I didnt even see it coming. Thinking back now, I realize it was a small black car that must have whipped around the turn as kids like to do. The collision felt light. I felt my body tossed by the force of the car, a final physics question left unanswered. The car paused for a moment, quivered, and then peeled out, leaving me behind. The taillights faded into the distance. The road pushed against my back, cool and solid beneath me. I wonder how it could have all been such a sham. I wonder what I saw, if it was ever really there. How had it all faded away, like my ceiling?

261 Im tired now. As I push my eyelids apart, a familiar sight descends. I peer into the sky, my body spread across the road, and a single star falls on me. All the beauty is still there. The heavens glow, cutting through an inexpressible darkness. It swallows my world, and I feel no alarm now. The innumerable specks of light sit over my head, ever present, unaffected by my joy and my tears. They had always been there, the constants of my life, unstated and unrealized beauty. Only now is the darkness so warm, as my bodys heat dissipates into the cold earth. I can feel my life seep away into wet pavement. No questions, no answers reach me now, as I watch the sky and sleep.

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PATRICK SHUBERT For a long time I considered writing to be a hobby, which would be pushed aside at the slightest glimpse of an opportunity for professional or educational advancement. At the end of my senior year at Penncrest, I had pretty much wrapped up the liberal arts portion of my life as I set out for Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. My aspirations were purely focused on becoming an Air Force Pilot. Little did I know, the schools location in Daytona Beach would provide me with a great deal to write about. I believe that a certain poetic element is inherited in the air that has kept me off the ground for the past two years. Its hard to look down over miles of ocean and civilization without feeling a few heartstrings tug at you. Share the Darkness was one of the first stories I ever wrote that gave me a strong insight into myself. Just as the protagonist, Mack, found himself staring into the heavens above him, I have been doing the same in my recent endeavors as a pilot. What Ive found is an infinite source of stories. After every smooth landing, stepping back onto terra firma, I find it almost essential to tie up the aircraft and head right back into the pilots lounge to sit down with a cup of coffee and a pen. The only thing that I am more grateful for than those smooth landings that contribute to hours of writing are the rocky ones that contribute days worth. There is very little course-based writing that I am responsible for, but I have probably filled more notebooks in the past year than my entire life prior to it. Call it self-administered therapy, Ive finally learned to write for the sake of writing. Reflection on Share the Darkness I wrote this story because I had just come out of the longest relationship in my life, one that gave me great joy and allowed me a fair amount of personal growth. With that chapter of my life behind me, Share the Darkness was a way to remind myself that I was still alive and life was just as beautiful. I wrote a story that allowed me to explore the idea

263 that even after youve lost it all and youre bleeding on the asphalt, the world is still a magnificent thing. Originally, my vision was to write a story about how one human being might be able to open brand new doors for another human being. The story was supposed to point out how caring about someone might offer a unique perspective. After I got about half way through, I realized that the story was contained inside the protagonist, and that whatever he had learned shouldnt hinge upon dependence. The best way to do that was to take away his love interest, introduce some betrayal, and force him into a situation where he could appreciate his life completely alone. So the story took an unexpected twist and reflected my change in thought. Mack realizes that the newfound beauty he saw in the world is still there, it has always been there, and he is able to come to peace with his ending life. As I look back on the story now, I dont think I would change a thing. My level of satisfaction hasnt changed a bit since I finished the last draft. Share the Darkness will always be the first story I wrote that I invested a part of myself in. However, my interest in it has changed slightly since the day I first submitted it. Now it seems more like a milestone or a time capsule for a ton of vital lessons I learned. I have built upon that milestone ever since. Its interesting to think about how the stories we writeand the stories we read reflect the stages of our lives. I recall that back in high school, I was reading primarily science fiction and war novels. My story held very little resemblance to what I had been reading at the time. More recently, Ive been reading a lot more historical novels, as well as theologically centered pieces. As a result, my interest has shifted to exploring those ideas through writing, and most of my recent scribblings have focused on ordinary skeptics struggling with their spiritual and mental inhibitions. My newest interest has been writing screenplays and producing short films with friends at school. Last summer I was lucky enough to make a short film with friends from Penncrest, which piqued my interest. Im a notoriously anal-retentive individual. That being said, the copy of the Gryphon literary magazine that my story was printed in has sat upon my shelf ever since I moved into my new apartment. Every fictional piece Ive ever written sits upon the shelf, ordered chronologically, with the Gryphon at the very beginning. I hadnt read over my story in full since the summer after my senior year, that is, until very recently.

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Teacher Reflection The Unlikely Narrator in Patrick Shuberts Share the Darkness There are countless classic storiesand novels and playsin which the protagonist dies in the end; of course, such a fate for the hero defines the tragedy. But typically when were reading a story told in the first-person point of view, we dont expect the narrator himself to die. After all, we buy into the illusion that hes telling the story now, as were readingor we at least assume he was alive when he told the story. In a way, it is all the more extraordinary that in Patrick Shuberts Share the Darkness the unlikelyand intriguingnarrator isnt dead yet, even in the storys final moments. Technically, this narrator tells the story, as he recalls itby way of flashbacks and reflectionlying, dying, on the asphalt, where we find him in the endand, of course, where were introduced to him in the beginning. Needless to say, writing such a story and making it convincingis no easy task. The narrative stance of the story is unrealistic, at least in the sense that we cant imagine the dying protagonist literally writing down the storys hes telling, or even relaying the story at all. Patrick draws us into the narrators mind, where, in fact, the story unfolds. The opening is so honest and compelling, and the ending is so convincingthe turn of events so movingthat we never pause to question the aesthetic qualitiesthe impossibilitiesof the fiction. In our Modern Literature class we read Jeffrey Eugenidess short story Air Mail, in which the protagonist dies in the final scene (or at least his death is implied, as he slips out of consciousness). The story, unlike Patrick Shuberts, is told in the close, or limited, third-person point of view; so, even though the narration has provided a subjective view of the story (capturing the protagonists perspective), we dont throw our hands up in the end, as we might if the protagonist were the narrator himself, and say, Wait a second! You cant be dead! You just told us the story! In the third-person point of view, the narration provides the author some distance from the consciousness of the main character, a

265 distance that the first-person point of view does not afford. In another modern story, Willa Cathers Pauls Casea classicthe narration leaps from the close third-person point of view to a more distant omniscient point of view immediately after Paul hurls himself in front of a train, killing himself, in the end; after all, once hes dead, theres no Paul point of view to capture, and so the narrator pulls back, like a movie camera offering a wide shot of the world that keeps spinning, even after the protagonist has passed on. The narration, particularly this shift in the end, is crucial in achieving the storys devastating effect. There are no absolute rules in fiction. Theres no rule that says you cant tell a story from the point of view of a dead person, or an angel, or an unborn baby. But its always a good idea to have a point. Exercise Write a short story, or even just a paragraph, from an unusual or unlikely point of view, either in first-person or close third-person. Your main character may be alive and well, not necessarily dead or dying. Consider circumstances that would make telling or relaying let alone physically writingthe story difficult. Your choice of narration should be integral to the point of the story. That is, for example, if your protagonist is a pastry chef, locked inside a walk-in freezer, the story, at some point, should be about his being a baker in these particular circumstancesnot just about a nice memory he has of flying a kite with his uncle.

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Anticipating Morgan Tuohy 2004 The early morning sun splintered through the frost on the windshield. I was too numb to raise a hand to cover my eyes. A combination of my exhaustion and the biting cold. I let the light hit my eyes and force water to the surface. Im not really much of a blinker. I was in my car, still parked right outside my house. The keys were still clanking in the ignition, swinging side to side. They made a sound like the ticking of a clock. It had been 6:13 when I left the house. I had no idea how long Id been sitting in the car. I didnt want to look at my watch. I was supposed to be on my way to Alysons, but I couldnt get myself to start the car and leave. It felt nice to sit in the cold, and to be up with the sunrise. I used to see many sunrises, but lately Id been lying awake all night, only to fall asleep finally around four a.m. I hadnt slept at all last night. It was a strange feeling. Everything seemed blurred, and yet I was wide-awake. At first it felt heavy, but after a while my head got light. Id spent all night thinking about Alyson, about today. Last night Id experienced a kind of wakefulness in which I could detect every minuscule sound in the room: the ticking of the watch on my dresser, the house settling, the moths fluttering against my window. Too much was coming into my ears and out of my thoughts at the same time. My eyes had refused to close; theyd kept shifting to the clock, watching the hours go by. I didnt know what time it was now, but I knew it was still early. We wouldnt be late if I just sat there for a little while longer. A neighbor got into the car in front of mine and drove off. I continued to sit there, not moving my head. I didnt want to look back at my house. I didnt want to be tempted to run right back inside. I stared at the empty parking space in front of me, tensing and relaxing all of my muscles. This made me warmer; I could feel the blood moving in my veins now. I did this for maybe five minutes, getting even closer to the appointment time. Finally I raised my hand and clumsily turned the key in the ignition.

267 * I know that when she told me, Id sat in front of the wheel much as I had this morning before leaving. There had been a long silence, in which I stared at the dashboard, my mouth drying as I fumbled for something to say. Alyson sat as close to the passenger side door as she could, leaning her head against the window, pressing the side of her forehead against the cold glass. I was almost afraid she might push her way out through it, shatter the glass and crawl out away from me. I could hear her breathing, and I wished that she would say something more. I wished I didnt have to be the one to speak next. I was afraid of saying something negative, even hurtful. I knew that would be ridiculous, completely unjustified, but I felt something that made me want to burst out. I had to push it down. Arent you gonna say anything? she asked without looking at me. Her voice was heavy, exhausted. It sounded as if shed been up for nights waiting for this conversation. Well, I began, my voice scratchy inside my throat, what are you expecting me to say? How upset I am? Or whether I agree that this is the right way to handle it? How I cant believe that this is happening? When I looked at her, I realized that this wasnt the right approach. She looked hurt. Im sorry, I said. I really just dont know exactly how to react right now. I wasnt expecting this. Its a littledisconcerting. Well, a lot, actually. I know. She turned to face me finally. I was thrown off too. But its something we have to deal with. I really wish we didnt have to deal with it, but we have no choice. Her voice was shaking and she looked ready to collapse. I put my hand on her cheek; she was unresponsive. I pulled it back. * I took my time as I climbed the stairs to her apartment. Its only one flight of stairs to get to her hallway, eleven steps. The building was quiet. It felt deserted, dusty. The walls seemed a duller gray than usual. I thought maybe they needed to be cleaned. The steps creaked under me, so I softened my footing. I wanted to apologize to someone for

268 being so noisy, but there was no one. I stopped at the top of the stairs and sat down. A few more minutes wouldnt make a difference. It wasnt much warmer inside than it had been in my car, so I put my hands in my coat pocket. I realized then that I hadnt checked to make sure I had my wallet before I left; I always checked. Having my hand in my pocket I confirmed that it was there, and then finally looked at my watch. 6:57. I got up and walked the length of the hallway to the last door on the left. She must have unlocked the door after she buzzed me in. I walked in, entering the living room. Alyson was sitting cross-legged on the couch, immobile. When I looked at her face, I thought that mine must have looked just like it twenty minutes ago in the car. No furrowed brow, no grimace, just wide-eyed and tight. She turned her head just slightly and watched me move to the couch. When I sat down next to her, she turned back to her original position. I fought the urge to take up the same posture and instead sat sideways so that I could look at her. If she felt my stare she didnt show it. Her sandy-blonde hair was still wet and tangled from the shower. There was a wet spot on the back of the couch behind her. She was wearing a shortsleeved shirt and I thought she must have been cold, but she looked indifferent. We hadnt talked since Wednesday. It was now Saturday. We were alone in the apartment because Alysons parents were up in New York for the weekend, again. I wanted to say something, something that would make it easier somehow. At least something to get a reply from her. I waited for anything to come to me, but she spoke first. Brian? she said, as if she were unsure it was me beside her. Yeah, I replied reassuringly, as if this were a completely normal way to greet each other. I looked at her more intently, hoping to force her wordlessly to look at me. Instead, she closed her eyes. This reaction stirred something in me. I felt as if she had just taken a blow to the head and I had to keep her awake in case she had a concussion. Hey, I said as gently as I could, not making an accusation but just trying to keep her attention. Im still with you, she said, its just the lights giving me a headache. She looked as if she were meditating, and the urge to keep her with me conflicted with a desire not to bother her; maybe she would be happier if she could tune me out along with everything else. I decided just to wait for her to come out of it; it would do no good to push her. It was almost hard to believe that Alyson and I had known each other since we were

269 fourteen. Not that were so much older now, but things were just very different then. Simpler. Wed met in an art class freshman year. To my fourteen-year-old eyes, she was the most beautiful thing that walked the earth. But I had to wait for months before she noticed me. It was understandable; I bore really no distinction. My artwork was bland, and I was never very outgoing. She was talented, beloved, smart, opinionated. I had dreams about saving her from some peril, sweeping her off her feet. Dreams that never came true. Our relationship was never so dramatic. When she finally began to take notice of me it was only expressed in small, polite smiles. Other than that, she didnt seem to have a thought for me. After a while, the smiles turned into hellos, and eventually I got up the nerve to ask for her opinion on a project or two. Wed get to talking and discovered we had a lot in common, and finally started talking outside of class, too. In the spring there was a big dance, a Sadie Hawkins thing. For days I dreaded the thought that I might have to see Alyson ask someone else. Every time she talked to another guy I got a sinking feeling in my stomach. But it never happened. Two days before the dance, she came over to my drawing table and looked over my shoulder. The nearness of her made me nervous. I started thinking that what I was working on was horrible and that she was probably laughing to herself about it. That looks pretty good, she said, surprising me. Youve gotten better, you know. Thanks, I spit out meekly. Actually, though, you showed me how to plot out these lines last week. I pointed to the contour of a chalice. That was a big help. I only gave you a little nudge. You would have done fine without me. I looked at her for the first time since shed come over to me; she smiled and turned her head down slightly, almost shyly. I became very anxious then, very aware of my posture. I straightened up in the second or two that she wasnt looking at me, then smiled back when she did. So, she began casually, you going to that dance this weekend? Uh, no. You know, with that whole girls-ask-the-guys thing Nobodys asked me yet. There was an awkward pause, and for a moment I became terrified that she was playing a cruel joke, getting my hopes up that she was about to ask me and then

270 humiliating me by walking away, leaving me hanging there. She seemed to notice, and hurried to correct the situation. Well, would you go with me? I smiled, too quickly, I thought, and too broadly. But apparently that didnt make her think any less of me because she asked, Is that a yes? I was elated. Yeah, I replied, composing myself, Ill go with you. There was no ceremony the night of the dance. No confessions of affection. We acted as if wed been together for a long time already. It went without saying. It wouldnt have been strange to either of us then to expect that we would still be together today. It also wasnt strange that we hadnt gotten together earlier. Everything just seemed to flow from then on, as if it always had and always woulda river that pours cyclically into and out of a vast blue ocean. * The waiting room had been brutally white. Wed sat in stiff-backed chairs diagonal to each other. Out of the corner of my eye Id watched her flipping languidly through an old magazine with a picture of a baby in it. I wasnt about to pretend that I was interested in reading anything. I tried to think of a way to start some conversation. But what could I say that wasnt already clear to both of us, that wouldnt make it seem like I was trying too hard? It didnt matter though, because a nurse or some other assistant came out and called her name. Alyson turned to me, expressionless. You want me to come in with you? I asked, without much hope that she would say yes. Ill be fine, she said. She took my hand and squeezed it gently. Just be here when I get back. I nodded and managed a little smile, which I kept until the door closed behind her. I sat there for a few minutes, picked up a magazine twice, threw it back down twice. I switched chairs, then just got up altogether. I walked to the window and looked out onto a small garden below. At least, it had been a garden once. But in the dead of winter all I saw down there was a blanket of brown with a few white and crystal patches. I looked at my watch and figured Alyson had been gone only about ten minutes. I decided to

271 get some air. Out in the parking lot, I instinctively headed for my car. Halfway there I stopped short, forced myself to stand still and breathe. I stood in an empty spot, looking around for something, anything, to occupy myself. What I saw was a small flower shop across the street. I checked my wallet. Definitely not enough for roses. Maybe a cheap bunch of whatever wild flowers they might have at this time of year. I jogged over to the store and asked the guy at the counter for something small, but nice. I was happy enough with what he gave me and walked back, at a slower pace so as to shelter the flowers a bit. As I did, I thought about the money I needed. Id have to sell some things. Putting my free hand in my pocket, I hoped I wouldnt have to sell my new leather gloves, which I had forgotten to put on. I wanted to get back inside where it was warm. Instead of going right back to the waiting room, I went to the tiny cafeteria to get some coffee. I knew I had some time. I put the flowers on a chair at the table I took in the corner. I tried not to think of much. I wanted a clear mind when I greeted Alyson. I decided that we should talk, have a real conversation like we used to. I resolved to bring it up with her. When I returned to the waiting room, she hadnt come out yet. I sat with my back facing the door shed gone through earlier, and I just looked ahead of me. At this point the dazed effect of my exhaustion finally gave way to an actual will to sleep, and I nodded off in my chair. I woke up after about an hour with a painfully stiff neck. I knew she would be out soon, so I tried to make myself look more relaxed, happier even. I guess I ended up looking surprised, because Alyson came up behind me and put her hand on my shoulder. I got up and hugged her, and she seemed really glad to see me, as if reassured of something by my presence. She pulled my hand and we headed out. * I thought of last summer, a day wed gone to the beach. We had a picnic and sprawled out together on a straw mat. I hadnt brought towels because I hadnt expected that we would go into the water. I was happy just to lie there with Alyson under the sun, but she wanted to swim. She got up and ran to the water, turning around every few feet to call to me. I stayed on the mat until she was standing at the waters edge. I couldnt see

272 her face clearly from that distance, but I could imagine her expression: trying to hide a laugh under a pout, opening her eyes wide like an innocent little girl. I walked out to her slowly, deliberately stalling. I knew that when I reached her she would raise one eyebrow and tighten her mouth, trying not to smile at me. By taking my time I would make it harder for her to keep a straight face when I finally got there. She tried, of course, and then finally laughed and put her arms around me. She grabbed hold of my hand and pulled me farther into the water. When we were in up to our necks, she stopped. I looked back at the sand and thought it seemed farther than it really was. When I turned back to her again, we kissed. The kiss was not particularly special in any way, not passionate, not long, just warm. Her mouth tasted like the salty air. After wed let go of each other, she ducked under the water, letting me know with a glance that I was supposed to come after her. I dove forward and swam a few yards before reaching her. When we both came to the surface, it was for just long enough to take a breath and be knocked back under by a wave. I tumbled for a few seconds, and Alysons hand found mine. She pulled me toward her, and we had gone a few strokes before I realized that we were heading farther out. For a while, we stayed close, swimming hand in hand. When another wave came, we were pulled apart. Instead of being pushed back to the sand, we just went in opposite directions, parallel with the shore. I didnt fight the current, but I waited for it to bring us back. * Now were sitting on opposite ends of the couch, taking up again that familiar staring position. Im listening to the murmurings coming from the kitchen, where Alysons parents are deliberating. I wish they would hurry up and get it over with. I dont want to wait any longer for their reactions, their charges. I dont want to be here at all, where there will soon be crying, harsh words, disbelief. Theyve saved all of it for now. As the weeks went by, Alyson had seemed to them to be changed. Shed begun eating less, staying in her room more. We were supposed to tell them together. We thought it would help them to recognize the blame as equal. But they got concerned too early, and she couldnt keep it up in front of them any longer. So she broke down and told

273 them herself, two days before we were going to do it together. Thats why were here now, like this. Anticipating the conversation.

MORGAN TUOHY After graduating from Penncrest in 2004, I entered the University of Delaware to study Art Conservation, but have since changed my major to English, and I hope to someday work in the publishing world. Most of my writing these days has been school-related, but I have constantly kept a journal of ideas for creative work, too many and too vague, unfortunately, for me to always be able to remember what I was thinking when I look back at them.

274 When I am immersed in schoolwork, I try a lot of writing exercises, just to keep in practice. Reflection on Anticipating Anticipating was done in a very different style from what I usually like to read. It was quiet for my taste. I like action. But in class at the time, we had read a story in which the main characters son was dying from a wasting sickness; the class came to a consensus that it was most likely AIDS, but it was never actually explicitly named. It was very clear what was going on, but still it was kept almost in the background. The story became not about the illness, but about the relationship between the mother and her son. The idea of that challenge, to write a story that depends on such a circumstance but is not about that circumstance, appealed to me. This was what I tried to do in Anticipating. Technically, the plot revolves around this couple having an abortion. After my mother read the story, she said: Neither of them is thinking about the baby. Well, I wasnt interested in the abortion (a loaded topic, which I didnt want overpowering the story); I was interested in what happens to Brian and Alysons relationship. I didnt want their collapse to make the story moralizing or preachy, but I liked the slow dissolution of their bond; it seemed real to me. There are plenty of small things about the story, as I submitted it in 2004, that have bothered me since. Ive been over it again many times, but my adjustments have all been minor. The mood of it has remained intact.

Teacher Reflection The Taboo Topic in Morgan Tuohys Anticipating The devastating, surprising ending of Anticipating comes with a rush of insight, which we share with the protagonist himself. The twistor the revelationis not that that unspoken thingthe taboo topicis finally announced (after all, we dont need to be told what it is; deep down weve known all along, at least since the waiting room

275 scene). Rather, the surprising twist relates to something else, what the story ends up really being about. In the final moments the story becomes not about the abortion, or even about announcing it to Alysons parentsneedless to say, since Alyson has already told them the news, to Bryans dismay. The story becomes about something even more specific than the protagonists relationship with his girlfriend: it becomes about Bryans aloneness. As we approach the ending we come to understand that the story has been about the couples handling of their problem togetherultimately, about their plan to tell her parents. However, in the final moment, the protagonist is as shocked by his revelation as we are: she has already told them. Suddenly, his aloneness is emphasized by the presence of her parents, who are discussing the matter in the adjacent room and who, as such, have seized control of the situation. Instead of facing Alysons parents, alongside his girlfriend, Bryan is now bracing himself for her parents response to the news. Whats more, Bryan realizes, in abandoning their plan to tell them together, Alyson has also abandoned him, or so it would seemor feel, to Bryan. Morgan Tuohy creates a magical moment in which the story is transformed and defined all at once. It is important to note that while we are indeed surprised, we do not feel that the author herself has been keeping us in the dark, that is, that she has been withholding the storys secret so as to shock us in the end; rather, we feel crushed, convinced, that, like the protagonist himself, we have been living one story while an altogether different story has been going on without us. Of course, betrayed as we, and of course he, might feel, we must also remember Alyson, sitting beside him, feeling perhaps as alone as Bryan doeswe must remember that it was her own deep anguish that led her to her parents. This sense of aloneness and loss is beyond our judgmentand seems to be shared by all parties in the story, even the parents, who we might imagine devastated in the next room. It leaves us, the reader, like the protagonist, speechless, anticipating In her reflection Morgan refers to In the Gloaming, by Alice Elliott Dark, whose protagonist, the mother of a son who dies of AIDS, feels alone in the end, especially in the company of her husband, who made himself absent while his son suffered from that unmentionable cause of death. In the end the story is about a mother who lost the love of her life when her son died. In never mentioning AIDSand in never mentioning abortionthese two stories succeed not only in creating a haunting sense of the

276 elephant in the room, but in thrusting into the foreground the protagonists inner conflict, which of course germinated in that unspeakable thingthat taboo topicthat everyone sees but dares not mention. Exercise Consider other potentially taboo topics like abortion and AIDS and, as Morgan sought to do, write a story that depends on such a circumstance but is not about that circumstance. First, consider how setting (time and place), culture, and values determine such taboo issues within a group of people. For example, AIDS, not to mention a sons homosexuality, may be a taboo subject in one householdin a certain time periodbut a matter of common discourse in another.

Moving Out Matt Gilbride 2005 The distant thud of the back door closing woke John up from another deep, beerinduced slumber. He opened his eyes and looked over at his window. The sunlight was covered up by the shade so that a tiny slit of light made its way through the room from the bottom of the window. He pinched the bridge of his nose, trying to make the headache go away, and looked over at the clock. Two-thirty. Must have been his brother coming home from school. He got up, walked over to his closet, and thought for a second about putting

277 on some real clothes and getting started towards Davenport a few hours early. But John never did anything early, so he decided once again to throw on his bathing suit. On his way downstairs John H. Liverwell III exchanged the same Whats up, dude with his little brother that had been swapped at least once in each day of the last three years. John admired his little brother, whom he often thought should have been the one to take his fathers and grandfathers name. Russ was a senior this year and John had watched him develop into the classic high school student that he was. A great student, at least in comparison to the one John had been, Russ had just recently taken Johns advice and let his girlfriend of two years down easy. Shit, I remember being right in that place, John had said between hits of Russs little blue pipe. He never would have guessed when he moved back home that hed be smoking weed this often with his otherwise clean-cut brother. Youve got to try to be as easy on her as you can, man, John had said, and couldnt muster much more advice than that. Good luck, he had said after realizing his history might make it a bad idea to give his little brother too much advice about women. Advice like that was exchanged often between the two, though John had recently realized that he took as much knowledge away from Russ, who was half his age, as he imparted to him. Whenever John came home late and felt drunk and lonely (the two feelings almost always coincided), he would walk down into the basement to see if Russ was still up or sleeping peacefully in front of the TV. When his little brother was awake, John would stomp down the stairs and begin blathering on about life and what it consisted off. Russ had memorized most of the story long ago. Dad really knew exactly what he was doing with his life, man. Listen to him, John would assert among epic stories about how he was never really sure if they loved each other. Dont do what I did was his only other notable point. Russ must have heard it a thousand times before, whether it was from John himself or from his parents. Dont be like your brother was the messages they gave him. He understood, though the temptation was always there. John walked outside and planted himself in one of the deck chairs next to the pool where he had spent the good part of nearly every summer afternoon watching his skin get darker and his gut bigger. The sun would rise and fall and all John usually knew of it was its subtle gleam underneath the bottom of his bedroom shade or, when he was outside, its suggestive heat blazing on the back of his closed eyelids. Hed think of his son during the

278 day. Little Jack had been born in Colorado when Johns ignorance was still blissful and his drinking was not yet a problem. Jacks mother, Tracy, was the love of Johns life, but she had left him for her family in Iowa when his drinking and their newfound family began to conflict with one another. John would think about how Jack was a miracle, about how Tracy wasnt supposed to be able to get pregnant but she did, and about how much he didnt learn in his twelve weeks in AA. Hed have dreams of re-hashing his relationship with Tracy. Maybe she was the love of his life and maybe she wasnt, but with Johns thirty-seventh coming up the next year she was the best John would ever get. Getting married and finally having his family were more important than love at this point. Such a reunion, John thought, would save his life. He had no career to focus on and no hobbies to distract himself with. Darkness and drunkenness defined his life, as it were, and unconscious images of his ex-girlfriend and sons shiny blue eyes and sunny-blonde hair were the only things that kept him going. He woke up three hours later, blinded by the sun, and immediately got up and marched inside. He remembered that Dad would be home from work soon to hassle him about car insurance and other debts that he knew existed but rarely admitted he had, so he showered, got dressed, and went out. John Sr., a well-established father of four who couldnt wait to get the first out of the house, again, returned from work to find his oldest again gone. The empty space left on the driveway where John Jr.s Jetta was usually parked reminded him of the empty space that would be left in his wallet if his oldest son stopped making car payments. He knew from the beginning that he shouldnt have co-signed a financing agreement for a brand new car for a son who couldnt pay off magazine debts, but John Jr. was persistent and manipulative. Once the father signed the contract he couldnt go back. So far there hadnt been a problem. John Jr. hadnt been late with a single payment, but Sr. had a feeling this was a temporary condition. Little John was always impressive in the beginning of his endeavors: As freshmen year of high school and college, followed by Cs and Ds for the next three. For the first six months of his stay, John was completely sober, worked all week and all weekend, paid off nearly all his debts, and picked up a hobby of taking long bike rides. For the past two and a half years he had rediscovered his love for drinking, began sleeping in until late every afternoon, worked less, and allowed the gears of his bike

279 to rust out from under-use. Big John loved all of his four children but he sensed the first would never stop being a heartbreaker. He picked up the mail, which someone had gotten before he got home from work. There hadnt been a letter from Johns bank stating that he was overdrawn since the summer started. Nor, during that time, had Big John ever been the first one to get the mail. Even when Little John was at work all day, the mailbox would be empty when Big John got home. That left one person left to be snagging the mail as soon as it came every afternoonRussell. Russ had no reason to get the mail and had never been courteous enough to do that favor for his parents before, and he and his brother had actually grown quite close since Little John moved in. As with most of Little Johns little tricks that he pulled throughout his childhood and his adulthood, his father had a strong suspicion of foul play but no proof. Russ was down in the basement as usual. His father walked to the doorway and asked him how his senior year of high school had started off. Good, his youngest said. John Sr. could rarely get more than two words at a time out of the newly eighteen-year-old. It had been that way for years. Now that his last child was about to leave the house for college, the traditional father of four was finally realizing that he had spent the majority of his fatherhood at work, and that when he was home he was usually still working. Amy, his wife, his lovely wife of more than thirty years now, had been begging him to get involved since John Jr. was born. Big John had been struggling with his newly discovered chronic absence recently. He wondered if his oldest sons problems were partly due to the fact that he was never home when he was a kid. Hell, he had barely graduated from college when Amy announced that she was pregnant with their first child at the age of twenty. When John Jr. was growing up, John Sr. was in the prime of his work-hard play-harder days. He remembered drinking beers in the car with his best friend back in Seattle and throwing the empty cans back at his two young sons, happily giggling in the back seat at the clank of the empty aluminum against the bottom of their car seats. He was learning to party at the age of five, from us, Big John had said to their wife when John Jr.s lifestyle first revealed itself to them when he was in high school. Its no wonder The goodbye had been awkward. Mom tried to make it a big festivity for the four of them but no one felt festive. No one felt particularly sad, though they all thought they should have. Little John was nervous but not sad; he was ready to flee once again from

280 Mom and Dads nagging questions. How much do you really owe, bud? Why wont you be honest with us? These inquiries always made Junior stomp off in frustration. He didnt have an answer. He hadnt had an answer three years ago when he asked to move back home. John was running then, too. Running from a child he wasnt sure he wanted, running from debt, running from his world. Third parties had told Johns parents that he was still running from the latter two things by moving back out. They were right. Little John was feeling something new lately though. He was always aware of his tendency to run from his problems, but lately he had discovered something new to run for. He had discovered something to run towards rather than away from: his son, maybe a family, even. He was more excited than nervous. At least that was his desperate plea. He gave a happy goodbye hug to his brother and mother and a cautious one to his father, and finally drove away for the last time. All John Jr.s things fit inside his car. He had arranged for a place to stay with a buddy and had secured another meaningless bartending job in Davenport months earlier. The drive to Iowa would be a two-day hike filled with hopes, dreams, and fears. He stayed at two Econo-Lodges and drove mostly at night. Traffic was lighter at night and it was less depressing. Driving during the sunny day always reminded John of how dark life could be. Besides, he was used to sleeping during the day. He was more comfortable that way. When insomnia did present itself, John would try to comfort himself with his hopes and his dreams, pushing the fears of debt, drinks, and dejection as far away from himself as possible. Those blue eyes, reflecting the sunlight so that John could enjoy it rather than wallow in it, would make things better. And there they were. The two sets of shining blue eyes John met upon walking into Tracys house were a story of contrasting feelings. Jack screeched upon seeing his father walk through the front door, sprinted into his arms, and immediately began giggling uncontrollably. Daddy was fun at all times and rarely made him go to bed early. The father was absolutely adored by his son despite his absence. Luckily for John, he was able to return to his son before he was old enough to develop any sort of resentment towards his absent father. Tracy, however, embodied such resentful feelings. Tracys family never liked John, and had been reinforcing her own malevolence for him since she moved back home from Colorado. Her eyes were the antithesis of her sons. While Jacks shined

281 brightly in happiness in the arms of his fathers, Tracys imparted an air of frigid discomfort. She was perfectly cordial, but also distant. John felt as though Tracys eyes were miles away, and they were. She avoided eye contact while he searched for it in her. Every time he looked at his son, the boys eyes would be resting on his, but Tracy seemed always to find a way to be looking the other way. It was for this reason that John didnt stay longer. She had said she didnt want him to take Jack today. The poor kid had had a long day in kindergarten. His mother had to break to him the fact that his teachers did not recommend that he move on to first grade the next year. Although he was wound-up over his fathers arrival, Tracy felt he needed to get to bed early because he must be tired. The father and son played outside for a few hours and John began to see the sleep in the boys eyes as well. He left around dinnertime, reluctantly, after trying desperately to recover some sort of chemistry with his long-lost lover and the mother of his child. She effectively crushed any hope John had without actually saying that there was no chance. She had the ability to make things like this obvious with her eyes, and she did. John walked back to the car pondering over his bittersweet new life. How relieving to finally be able to actively participate in the parenting of his son. How depressing to realize he wouldnt be doing it with a wife. This days sun had not been so scalding. It was less humid in Iowa, and in playing outside for a good part of the day with Jack, John had refreshingly spent happy hours under the sun for the first time in a few years. The sun went down, however, and it was Friday night. John put off moving all his stuff out of his car. He didnt start the bartending job until next week, and hed arranged to meet one of his old Colorado buddies, Greg, and to host him for the weekend. Greg had taken the inconvenience of riding a train from his home in Chicago to visit with John and help him move into his apartment. John picked him up at the train station around eight. They took enough time to chuck his stuff into the apartment before hustling to the most crowded bar/night club in Davenport, which had all of twenty-five people in it. Drinks were cheap, however, and John hadnt had a taste since a day or so before he left Pennsylvania. This was a celebration. Greg and John had been party kings as well as kings of the hill at Colorado Mountain College just a few years before. They knew how to drink and, more so, they knew how to get too drunk. By midnight John was feeling queasy but queasy was familiar and easy to deal with. They

282 continued taking shots. John had always been partial to beer, but he figured he might as well go big tonight so as to flow with the spirit of their reunion. At some point late in the night they got separated. Greg had gone off to chase one of the few decent-looking girls in the place. John stayed at his bar stool. The room had begun to spin, but he ordered another shot anyway. He was jealous of Greg for chasing a female around, but he was too drunk to hit on anyone tonight and too heartbroken even if he were sober. He could have puked, but he held it back and took yet another shot. The haze thickened. Johns phone vibrated. A text message from Greg: Got a bite, dont wait up. It was just like a true friend like Greg to leave him on the first night of reunion after four years of separation. He always put the bitches before his buds. That was the only thing John hated about him. So John got up and stumbled outside. He was drunk, heavily intoxicated. John had all the experience in the world drinking, but, in the moment, he ranked this near the top of the list of the most inebriated occasions he had ever experienced. Luckily the drive to his apartment was only three blocks because he could not operate his vehicle. The shots had come fast after Greg left. He had had no one to talk to to pass the time between drinks. It was hitting him now. He puked all over the sidewalk after turning off his engine. He puked again just before unlocking his door. John had definitely never been this drunk. His mind was spinning out of control and he did everything he knew how to do from his years of experience to control it. He fell twice on the way to the air mattress he had set up in the middle of the largest room in the place and again began puking. It didnt matter. He was safe now. Hed never been this sick, but hed made it home without killing himself. The room continued to spin, and the puke kept coming. How many shots had he had? It must have been at least fifteen. Hed been drinking beer, too, but he was used to beer. John never liked liquor; he always seemed to find himself sick off of it. The room kept spinning. Ive never been this sick before, he thought. Fear began to set in now. John had had one experience with alcohol poisoning back in Colorado and it was from tequila. Hed had only four shots of tequila tonight, but they had been aided by shots of countless other liquors. It was a bender in every sense of the word, and a well-deserved one, so John thought. Hed abstained form drinking for a few days and he was heartbroken. That thought, that of being heartbroken, made John feel even

283 sicker. He was alone. He needed help. He puked again, just bile this time, but the whole place stank now. He made no attempt to make it to the bathroom or get a bucket. Now that he was lying down, he couldnt fathom getting back up. The puke kept coming and John started to feel sleepy. His stomach ached now, but not as it normally would. He tried to think of his son. Those blue eyes, that golden hair. He thought of playing with him in the sunlight. With his eyes closed John pictured that. It was like heaven. He tried to become part of the dream. Consciousness began to leave him. Again he puked, rolling over on his side and curling up into a ball. His phone rang: Greg. He managed to pick it up but could not get a coherent message to his buddy. Yo, John, Im coming home, buddy. That girl was nuts, Greg said over the phone. You okay? You puking, buddy? John breathed heavily into the phone. He couldnt think of what to say or how he would be able to move his mouth in order to say it. Hurry was all he could get out, but Greg got the message. He laughed, said, Ill be right over, buddy. I have a ride, and well get you all cleaned up, and hung up the phone. John couldnt handle himself. The pain in his stomach grew, and sleep kept pulling him in. He thought again of Jack. The dream came back, and he tried to throw himself into it. Johns eyes were slightly open, but his vision was too blurred for him to make out anything in the room. The dream persisted. He dreamed of the sun, how it reflected through his boys eyes. He had totally lost consciousness now. He puked again, but he was asleep. Lying on his back he continued to fall into the dream. Deep in his consciousness he felt himself gasping for air. His mouth was full of vomit but he was in a drunken, sleeping haze, and the alarms in his head didnt go off. It didnt register. He kept falling towards the dream. Tracy was there now, smiling at him for the first time in years. It was so happy. He ran to the dream. Nothing hurt now, he was too happy to hurt. Maybe this was reality. Maybe the vomiting was the dream. He felt the oxygen leaving his brain and became even happier. The dream continued. His son, his girl, himself were all together. It was all okay now, he was ready to go. In the distance he heard Greg knocking on the door. He remembered that Greg didnt have a key, but he couldnt get up. He was too sick to get up, and the dream was too lovely. He gasped for air. The fear was gone. No more debt, no more drinking. Greg broke open the door and rushed in. Johns face was completely colorless and he was lying in a pile of black vomit. Greg picked up his phone and dialed nine-one-one. The last thing John heard was the whaling screams of

284 sirens.

MATT GILBRIDE I graduated from Penncrest High School in 2005 and am currently in my second semester at Penn State. I plan on majoring in Finance, but have taken an interest in Philosophy, which I will probably get a minor in. Most recently Ive also been intrigued by my business law class, and am considering fulfilling pre-law requirements and going to law school after I graduate. My mind seems to change every six months, however, so who knows where I will be in three more years. I thank my mom and dad for my academic success, for they truly knew what they were doing when they were raising me. Reflection on Moving Out I grew up as the youngest child, by far, of happily married parents. Id like to believe I was aware of my luck from the start, for I certainly am today. My parents were always very lenient, and hesitant to insert themselves into my life when it was unnecessary.

285 From early childhood I was the only one who worried about whether or not I did my homework. I always tried to realize how lucky I was to have parents that I really couldnt complain much about, especially considering the situations of some of my close friends. My house was always a sanctuary for my buddies who wanted to get out of their own homes for a while. When I was born, my sister was eleven and my two brothers were sixteen and eighteen. The only sibling I even remember from early childhood is my sister. Granted, Ive always known of my brothers, but they were more like distant uncles than brothers. One went to school in Colorado and the other in Oregon. So, when my sophomore year in high school rolled aroundand my thirty-four-year-old brother moved inthings were weird. Sometimes my mom feels guilty about the contrast between how she raised me versus how she raised her oldest, John. She was only twenty-one when she had him, barely more than a child herself, but those were different times. Although his life had been somewhat troubled, John and I developed quite a friendly relationship through my final three years of high school. Hed spent nine years at Colorado Mountain College and another few bartending. I think John may have continued an extremely happy, if not wealthy, life as a ski bum had he not had a child with a girl he was very attached to. As it turned out, his girlfriend, Tracy, had some sort of ovarian complication that was supposed to prevent her from getting pregnant. She did get pregnant, however, and my brother ran into a rude awakening when his planned life of partying had to change. When John moved out at the beginning of my senior year, I actually missed him genuinely, which was a surprise, considering that he had almost no influence in my life before hed had to come home. When the short story assignment at the end of my senior year was assigned, I already had a topic in mind. The first half or so of my story is virtually non-fiction. The first four or five pages were scenes straight from my memory; perhaps this is why I had no trouble inserting some interesting detail into the initial scenes of the story. As it turned out, the majority of the story became a reflection of how I saw my brothers sentiments about his own life. The only part of the story that deviated from my own experience with John was the final scene. Ive never even seen my brother sick from drinking. Drinking binges werent his problem;

286 drinking moderately too frequently was. On a few occasions I ran into road blocks as to where the story was going. As I set out to write Moving Out, I didnt really have a plan for how it would end. I simply started writing about the events leading up to my big brother finally getting out of the house for good. After writing the scene in which John finally gets into the car and drives away from his parents house, I ran into trouble for the first time and didnt do much work on the story for the next couple of days. Suddenly I realized that Id been writing straight from memory. I thought I had the makings of a good story, but wasnt sure where to go with it. When I first thought to end the story on the note that I did, I was sure that an alcohol-binge-induced low point in my characters life was too obvious of an ending, and perhaps it was. The assignments deadline approached and I procrastinated more, hoping to uncover some definitive ending for my story, apart from the one I had originally thought of. Deciding finally that I had to finish the story somehow, I began to set up the final spiral towards the narratives ending. At the outset of my work on Moving Out, I had no intention of depicting my lonesome fool of a character as so desperate. The character I knew in reality was not as hopeless as the one I created. In fact, to this day I havent shown my mom the story because Im worried about the impression shell get of my brother and my relationship. The ending to my story is quite obviously pure creation, and shed suspect it. Honestly, Id rather not attempt to explain the mix of non-fiction and fiction existent in Moving Out to my rather nave mom, nor is it necessary to worry her so. In the end I was happy with the way I ended my tale. Once I began to think about ending the story in the fashion that I did, I realized how I could elaborate on some style that I had been experimenting with through the first part of the story. I had created some sort of motif, or metaphor, pertaining to light and darkness at the outset. John had awoken in a dark room barely being penetrated by daylight and then sat outside with the suns light burning against his shut eyelids. Later on I had elaborated on this nuance with Johns daydreams of his son and his bright hair and eyes. I discovered upon continuing through the ending how much I could manipulate these images through Johns son and his drinking problem. Luckily for me, once the final parts of the story started coming out, the rest

287 followed surprisingly effortlessly. Upon rereading the story for the first time since I wrote it, I was annoyed at my characters over-the-top last name, Liverwell. It made me cringe. If I could change one small thing about my story that name would be it. Im not sure how I would go about improving the essentials of this story. I believe that I write my best when I write in waves. The best pages of my story, in my own opinion, are the ones in which the narrative itself felt clear and complete in my mind, and the work I was doing was only the physical act of typing. Upon revision I made small technical changes and swapped the orders of some paragraphs or other chunks of text. The plot remained almost completely intact once I started editing the complete rough draft. The success I had with Moving Out made me realize the satisfaction that can be reaped from writing. Im pursuing a money-oriented major and possible career, but Im sure that writing, in whatever form, no matter how unpolished or incomplete, will occasionally be part of my life until it ends. Since middle school I have had bouts of experimentation with my own free-writing, but never really realized the extent to which it could help me settle my own thoughts about life. Usually it comes in the form of poetry, and rarely do the words I throw down on paper ever turn into a finished product. I can remember two instances since I was about twelve years old that I actually sat down and created a finished poem, and both were at low points in my life. For me, writing has a therapeutic effect. As corny as it may sound, I lift myself out of depressed stages of my life by expressing my agony in words. Unfortunately for me, I lost both poems that I wrote for myself, one in middle school and another at the end of my senior year. I shared the latter with a few of my friends, who were encouragingly impressed by it. I even contemplated sharing it with my teacher, this collections editor, but never got around to it. I do hope that someday, before my parents move out of the house I grew up in, Ill stumble upon the black notebook that I wrote those poems in. Maybe I can fill the rest of the pages someday.

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Teacher Reflection Fiction Inspired by Real Life in Matt Gilbrides Moving Out Matt Gilbrides Moving Out is an excellent model for a story based on, or inspired by, real life. Of course, I wouldnt be able to make this claim if not for Matts wonderfully honest and revealing reflection. No doubt, this story is very personal for Matt, and once we read his reflection, we cant help reflecting, ourselves, on the deep connection the author has with it. Matt himself may not fully appreciate one of the crucial choices he made when approaching the writing of this story, a choice that must have enabled him to tell such a powerful story, based on such powerful, personal experience: by not writing in the first-person point of view, he created emotional distance for himself. When we write about a personal experience, the natural point-of-view choice is the

289 first-person; after all, why not just launch right in with I and proceed to tell the story from ones own perspective? Instead, Matt instantly creates emotional distance between himself and the story by focusing on John (the character based on his brother), capturing Johns perspective, in the third-person-focused point of view. Whats more, this close third-person narrator progressively pulls away, distancing himself further. When, in the second paragraph, the narrator refers to John as John Liverwell III, we realize that this third-person narrator is not telling the story only from Johns perspectivethat is, only through his eyes (after all, John doesnt think of himself as John Liverwell III)but from a perspective outside of John, from a perspective that allows us to witness John. In the fifth paragraph the narrator establishes, once and for all, an omniscient narrator, which not only pulls away so that we can witness the action from outside of a single characters perspective, but also captures the perspectives of other characters. The paragraph begins: John Sr., a well-established father of four who couldnt wait to get the first out of the house, again, returned from work to find his oldest again gone. This emotional distance Matt has created for himself is a terrific strategic move on his part, as an author who is emotionally close to the story but who, at the same time, is devoted to creating the best possible story, one that may very well turn out not to resemble his ownor, in this case, his brothersreal life at all. By not telling the story from his own, first-person point of view, Matt has already begun to free himself from his own sense of knowing the actual story; after all, as well as he might know his brother, he can only imagine how his brother sees and thinks about the worldthe same is true, of course, with his father or any other character. This distance also allows Matt, if only unconsciously, to free himself from any obligation to be faithful to actual events, particularly at the end of the story when, as Matt tells us himself, the momentum and energy propelled the story to take on a life of its own and the tragic twist just came to him. As it turns out, the narrative distance he creates early on is custom-made for the powerful ending, when the perspective shifts, one last time, to Greg, who breaks in and sees Johns lifeless face. Courageously, Matt allows this ending to come, and, in doing so, he discovers the emotional truth at the core of his story. Knowing, now, that most of the story is based on real life, we must admireand seek to emulateMatts willingness, as well as his artistic ability, to imagine, and then

290 actually write, such a tragic, yet perfectly convincing, ending to a story close to his heart. It cannot be easy to start with a character based on the brother you love and then to let this happen to him, or, worse, to do this to him. Matt admits that he has not shared his story with his mother, and we can understand why. As he says, the non-fiction elements may be upsetting enough, but the fictional elements might be even more upsetting. The irony, of course, is that the storynot to mention Matts reflectiondemonstrate deep love not only for his brother but also for his family; ultimately, the fiction writers devotion must be to the fiction, to what he is making. It is up to him, then, whether or not, and with whom, he might share the story. But now, at least, the story exists, as its own thing, separate from the life that inspired it. Exercise Write a story, or a scene, based on, or inspired by, real life. But do not write from your own point of view; instead, write from the third-person point of view, and experiment with creating emotional distance from the characters. Most important, free yourself from any obligation to be true to actual events; instead, seek to discover the emotional truth at the core of your own creation.

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Deal With It Angela Rosenberg 2005 Somehow I had thought things were better this way. I guess they were. Staring into the blazing fire, the embers glowing in the darkness, I sympathized with the imprisoned flames. It sounds weird. Nick poked at the logs, producing a shower of sparks. He would tend to that fire all night long. I guess it was just something to do. Anyway, those flames would be controlled and monitored until death, when their silent whispers of smoke crawling towards the sky would cease. But while I sat alone, watching, the whispers pleaded for the freedom I had. The wind pushed the smoky towers into my face, stinging my eyes. I turned my face towards the darkness. Yo, Anna. You might wanna watch that. I squinted up at Rob, my eyes watering. He pointed at the marshmallow oozing towards the flickering fire, struggling to cling to my roasting stick. The competition with Megan to create the perfect tone of golden brown had been sabotaged by my thoughts. After glancing over to find her laughing with Michelle, I flicked my ruined creation into the fire and quickly pierced a

292 fresh marshmallow, innocently holding it over the flame. Michelle flashed me a smile, and Megan flipped around, her eyes narrow with suspicion. Trying to concentrate on slowly rotating the stick, I couldnt keep a straight face under her lighthearted death glare. You cheated, she accused. Did not. Yes you did. Michelle, did she cheat? Michelle just smiled, shook her head and headed over to replace her empty can of Sprite with another. This isnt even funny, Anal. You cheat everyRob! Rob knocked the stick out of her hand and laughed. Her flawless marshmallow plunged to the ground, the loose dust coating its gooey exterior. I swear, Rob Megs, Im done! I boasted, admiring my disqualified marshmallow. Rob, you wanna judge? And then we laughed together. Shut up. You cheat. She stomped away towards Timmy and the other guys on the deck. Before she joined them, she turned around and smiled. Before this moment, images of these gatherings were faded, pixilated in my mind. Rewinding through the past year showed flashes of friends dominated by scenes of Ryan my ex Rob took a seat on the log next to me. For once, I didnt have to scan the area for suspicious eyes. Are you having fun tonight? He tried to make conversation, but things had never been the same since our fight that summer. Starting sophomore year, we were inseparable. We shared a locker in the third wing of the school even though we didnt have to. During classes we whispered platonic I-love-yous across the room. We talked about everything. We were always there for each other. But something changed while we were in Europe. Once I saw another side of himwhen he ditched me and Jill Parker for European ass Somehow things were just different. Its not that we were engaged in an established dramatic fight. I guess I just couldnt depend on him anymore. Yeah, Timmy should have these gatherings more often. Its nice. Just hangin out with the old crew. Yo, look at him over there. You know he wants on Michelle. Over on the deck, I saw Timmy with his arm around her. Shes so out of his league.

293 Yeah. I stared at the campfire. You know she thinks of him as her best friend. No girl wants to get with her best friend. I looked over at Michelle and Timmy, and then to Rob. Sure they do sometimes. I smiledat him. It was fun playing. He smiled back. Yeah, whatever. Twisting words and innocent smiles made it easy. Anna! Michelle had found a distraction that freed her from Timmys arms. Your phone is beeping like every two seconds. My corduroy purse dangled from her outstretched hands. You gonna answer it? Standing up, I sighed. After glancing at Rob, relieved to be freed from the forced conversation, happy to leave him wondering, I made my way towards Michelle. Thanks, I said, grabbing my purse from her hand as she countered one of Timmys remarks from across the deck. I began rifling through the loose money and keys and worthless crap and finally pulled out my phone. Rob had quickly grown tired of sitting by himself and came to join us. Three missed calls. I flipped my phone open to see that it was Ryan who had been trying to reach me. Rob peered over my shoulder. Didnt you break up with that kid, like, three weeks ago? he asked. Yeah. Ohmigod. S-Money is back! Rob used his nickname for Ryan any time he could. After Ryan stopped by our trig class, like, every single day last year, he was permanently scarred as Stalker by the guysthus S-Money. I know. He calls me, like, every night. What time is it? Michelle jumped in. Eleven seventeen. Crap, I gotta get going. Every night? Rob questioned. Hes such a stalker. Thanks, Rob. I think thats been established. I forced a smile to match his. I rumbled with the keypad on my phone, getting all the details of the calls. He called three times in the last twenty minutes, left two messages, and a text: i know u never check ur voices call me when u get this. Wow, are you serious? Rob convinced himself that this proved his theory that Ryan was surely a dangerous psychopath. Im not gonna lieit was fun joking, joining

294 him in the jokes sometimes. Rob was even kinda cute when he preached his arrogant theories with such undeniable confidence. Michelle threw in her advice. She had moved on to another guy four seconds after her breakup with Dom. Do not call him back, Anna. It will only encourage him. Hes just like you-know-who. He always wants to be everywhere, she said in disgust as though watching Luke hook up with Mrs. Cooper on The O.C. Yeah, I know, I said. Whatever, I should probably be going. I was supposed to be home at eleven. Yeah, same. Michelle glanced at her watch again. Rob, you need a ride still? Nah, Im just gonna crash here. I left Rob and Michelle and started to say goodbye to everyone else. Thanks, Timmy. I gave him a hug. He looked depressed from yet another night of fruitlessly seeking Michelles affection. He needed to get over this. Its gonna be all right, Tim. Come on, smile. He did. Bye, Megs, Nick, Michelle, everyone! I called out over the music and the noise on the deck. I gave Rob a hug as I was leaving. Bye b.f.f. Seeya. He smiled. I began walking around the house to Timmys front yard, across the grass to my car parked by the curve on War Trophy Lane. I looked at my phone again. Great. What am I gonna do? I mumbled. I almost wanted to call Ryan, but things were just different. He would think I meant more. I set the car into drive and started home. The dark shadows shifted as I creaked open the front door and slid inside. I threw my keys into the wicker basket by the door. The sound echoed through the silence. I walked to the bottom of the stairs and peered into my moms bedroom. I looked to the empty place beside her in bed and sighed lightly. She was asleep, as usual. There was a kind of comfort in coming home each night to her sole, steady breathing in the darkness. It calmed everything. Lying on my bed, the blue glow from my phone the only light, I scrolled through my numbers. Ryan was still at the top of the list because his name had a heart next to it. Following Ryan came BG, Beebs, Belz, Brett, Damian, Dan, Dom. I paused. After Michelle and Dom had stopped dating, he started talking to me a lot. I guess he needed a friend after Michelle completely justdropped him. She hardly gave him an explanation,

295 certainly no chance for redemption. I still didnt understand her thought process on this one. It felt weird, almost wrong, initiating the call. Michelle would have been pissed. But Dom had advice to give. I pressed send and waited for an answer. Whats uuuup, dork?! The loud voices in the background and the heavy music faded, as he managed to slur his usual greeting. I smiled with the comfort in consistency of our late-night conversations. Sup, loser, I automatically responded. Nothin, were just chillin at Jons. Heather and Sloth and a few guys are here. What did you do tonight? He was always at Jons. Those two were like brothers. Went to Tims. Do you wanna get back to the party? Cause I dont Are you kidding, Anna? Its not a party at Jons. I live here. I knew it was true. I didnt have to respond. So whats up? How are things going? I dont know. I paused, conscious of my intention to open up to Dom. Ryan hated that, how I never let him know how I felt. But whatever, it was so hard to talk to that kid. I just still kinda keep thinking about Ryan, ya know? I explained what I was feeling as best I could, loving that, if nothing more, I could always trust Dom to be there to listen. Look, Anna. If you care about someone the way I think you care about Ryan He paused. Its not fair to yourself to push him away. Believe me. It just makes you feel empty inside. I knew how hard it was for him to cut Michelle out of his life. I live with that feeling everyday because I have to. You dont. Why would you put yourself through that? No guy is worth your tears, and the one who is wont make you cry, I repeated the clich quote that appeared on girls away messages whenever a boy broke her heart. Whatever happened to that? After thinking for a moment he said, Thats not true. Thats a lie. I managed to laugh to myself at his repetition. He went on, Michelle made me cry more than any person or any event in my life. It was true. And she was completely worth it. If someone is worth crying over, they must be special. Dom had a way of casting new light on everything I knew. His hypnotizing words sank in like poison.

296 Yeah, I know, I managed to mumble. But I dont know. Its been a while. My heart sank a little. If you both really cared about each other, you would have found a way to make it work. My thoughts of a could-be from a few moments before faded. But what do I know? Dom, you know everything abouteverything, I pleaded. His words were slow and solemn. No. I thought I knew. I could picture his distant stare, that glazy look in his eyes when he thought about Michelle. Look, I gotta go. Jon keeps trying to get me to see some crap they made. I hadnt meant to bring up Michelle. Thanks, Dom. Have fun. Tell Jon I said hi. Yeah. I will. Sweet dreams, Anna. * Tonight is gonna be sick. Jill ran the straightener over her long, blond hair. I know. Im psyched. I havent been single at a dance since, like, sophomore year. We both flashed bright smiles, letting out girly squeals of excitement. Okay, how do I look? Gazing into the mirrors under the bright bathroom lights, makeup and hair products surrounding us, we felt like stars. You look amazing. You are so getting with Tom tonight. Tom? Come on, Jill. Hes a junior. Thinking about it brought some natural blush to my cheeks. But he is kinda cuteI guess. I smiled. And you know Mike will be looking for you. Jill shrugged. She knew. I retreated to my room to find earrings to complete my ensemble. While opening my jewelry box, full of entangled delicate chains and hooks, my eyes grazed over the pictures on the wall. Halloween, soccer camp, eighth-grade pool party, summerRyan. My eyes paused on the picture of us on my front porch: the sunlight perfectly cast over our faces, perfect smiles. Why are you everywhere? I set the frame facedown. First official dance of senior year! Are you ready? Jill bounded in from the other room. I was ready. This was senior year, right?

297 Have fun. * I woke up hung over and feeling terriblenot because of the hangover. The dance was coolnice to know that everyone was actually going to remember what happened, thanks to the new required breathalyzer test upon entrance. The music was good, and the whole dance atmosphere was exciting. It didnt really compare to the dance clubs in Europe, but what do you expect from this town? Dancing with different guysanyone besides Ryanwas a nice change of pace. The regular guys: Timmy, Rob, John, Nick and the feature chase-boy of the night, Tom. Nothing happened with that. It so could have, especially since he showed up at Elises party later. I dont even know why it didnt. That was the whole point of not being with Ryan. Whatever. Next thing I knew, I was driving to West Chester East to watch Ryans rugby game. I hated rugby. Its the stupidest game ever. He used to get so mad because I would never go to his games. I mean, I would, sometimes, but only because I felt like I had to. Everyone just tackles the crap out of each other until the ref blows the whistle. Then they get in a big group hug and start again. Then they get drunk. What a great sport. Pulling into the gravel parking area, I scanned the rows of cars for the silver Durango. Not in sight. Good thing. At least I wouldnt have to run into his parents. It was already the second quarter, or half, or whateverI dont know. It was near the end because the snack stand was already starting to pack up. It was hard to hide behind the scattered groups of fans. No one ever showed up to those gamesclearly, the sport sucks. At least it was a nice day. It was the kind of day where the sun is shining so brightly that you just kinda shift into a good mood, even if you want to hate the world. So anyway, I was sitting behind an empty woven lawn chair, following number fifty-two up the field with my eyes. He had to have been playing flanker or something. He always wanted to play there, but hes small compared to the rest of the massive beasts on the team. They usually put him at wing, where he doesnt do anything. But someone actually passed him the ball, laterally, of course, complying with another stupid rule. He was pretty good

298 quick, strong, athletic. Even though I knew he could back up his constant subtle boasting, it was still annoying. Or, I guess, it used to be. But, I couldnt help smiling as he sprinted through defenders, scoring a try for East. The final whistle blew after a few more group hugs and tackles. I stood up, stretching my legs, cramped from sitting Indian-style for the whole fifteen minutes I was there. I left without glancing back at the field. The sun was too bright anyway. I knew the routine. They were shaking hands with the other teams. Their coach would try to implant some brief words of wisdom in their heads for the next game, but they would be too tired to listen. Ryan would scan the sideline for his yellow and black Nike bag. He would take off his worn cleats and sweaty socks and, after gulping some water, throw them into the bag along with his mouthpiece. Gross. After saying the goodgames and good-byes, he would cross the parking lot to his yellow truckkeys on the drivers seat.

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ANGELA ROSENBERG Its been less than a year since my graduation from Penncrest High School in 2005. Ive moved from my comfort zone in the small town of Media, Pennsylvania, into the city of college students at Penn State, University Park. Most of my required courses fall in the fields of mathematics and science, but Im still currently taking one English course. As we explore the various methods of argumentation, including process analysis, cause and effect, and definitional arguments, I yearn to write in my favored style: narration. At the bottom of each returned paper is something along the lines of This is more narration than anything else Anything that needs to be explained should be done so through a story or, at least, thats my style. Reflection on Deal With It I began this story with my twelfth grade writing assignment hanging in the back of my mind as I stared at a blank computer screen. After reading and analyzing several older genres of writing and comparing them to modern literature, I faced the task of composing my own modern story. I began writing in lyrical prose, describing a typical teenage scene with details from my own life. I scrolled through a typical weekend night, molding the characters from the familiar personalities of my friends. I transferred the words from the scene in my head to the page, carefully avoiding to-be verbs, impressing myself with complex sentence structures, and being sure not to start too many sentences with I. Every few days, two additional pages were due in class and would be spot-checked for

300 completion. So every few days I sat in front of my computer. I would read and re-read and read over again what I had written so far, gaining momentum. And then I would write. As I wrote, more of my own life emerged in the text. The flowing sentences transformed into shorter sentences, expressing my frustration and cynical attitude towards the situations that closely resembled my own life. In my revisions, I actually shortened some of the preliminary sentences, making them more blunt and concise. My characters allowed me to analyze my life from a third-person perspective. And, as I continued to draw details from my life, Annas feelings and interactions reflected my own relationships more and more closely. The original plot outline, which I was required to complete before beginning the actual writing process, supplied much more closure to the story and probably much more satisfaction for most readers. A dramatic ending was planned, with Ryan getting injured in the rugby game, another girl running onto the field to comfort him, and Anna realizing that it was too late to mend her misguided decisions. However, the ending that stands is far more realistic, hopefully conveying the uncertainty of a teenage mind. By the end of the story, Anna is still confused and unsure of her future with Ryan. She has recognized her need for comfort in consistency and her relief found in stability. When the reliability of constants in her life falters, her relationship with Ryan suffers. By the end, she has the choice to abandon Ryan and alter any imperfections in her comfort-zone of security or pursue her relationship with Ryan to make him the source of comfort and consistency in her life. Throughout the process of writing this story, I not only gained insight into my own life, but also realized the strength and potential of the written word. After it was published in Penncrests literary magazine, rumors took flight as other students spat out their various interpretations of what I was really saying. Some characters were built from the traits and lives of my friends. And, some parts of the story were completely true, from the events that happened to my feelings and attitudes toward them. But, at the same time, it was a piece of fiction. Characters and events were manipulated to fit my vision of Annas life not of my own. And though truth was woven throughout the pages, the structure of the story was invented. In any case, assumptions were made and feelings were hurt because of implications I hadnt intended. And, I wont liesome feelings were hurt with the truth.

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Teacher Reflection Seeking Closure in Angela Rosenbergs Deal With It In Angela Rosenbergs Deal With It what the protagonist, Anna, wantsand even thinks she has alreadyis freedom, freedom from her relationship with Ryan, freedom to socialize with whomever she wishes, whenever she wishes. But the human heartor at least Annasis not so willing to let go of the past, not so obedient to the demands of the mind. And so, whether or not Anna is willing to admit it to herself, what she needsas opposed to what she wantsis to recognize what shes giving up for freedom; what she seeksto use the popular psychological terminologyis closure. Throughout the story Anna revels in her freedom, dismissing only passing thoughts and references to Ryan, her ex-boyfriend, who gets very little attention in the narrative that is, until the climactic action, when Anna gears up for the big dance. In this scene, Anna is determined to have a good time, insisting on exploiting her freedom; but, in spite of herself, memories, and, in this scene, photographs, of Ryan distract her, and she thinks, Why are you everywhere? She cant keep denying her feelings, but thats not to say that the solution to her problem is to get back to together with Ryan. Whats wonderful, and startling, about the ending of Deal With It is that Anna chooses to go to Ryans rugby game; that is, the storys final showdown does not happen by accidentthe author doesnt, for example, contrive a scene in which Anna bumps into her ex-boyfriend, say, on the sidewalk in town, let alone her ex-boyfriend with a new girlfriend. More important, Anna has no intention of

302 confronting Ryan, let alone of rekindling their romanceat least, not today. It would be difficult for the reader to articulate, exactly, why Anna goes to the game; indeed, it is difficult for Anna herselfNext thing I knew, I was driving to West Chester East to watch Ryans rugby game. I hated rugby. It is as if shes not in control of her own actions at this point. In order for Anna to get past this stagein order for her to truly enjoy the freedom she cravesshe must first face the pain that comes with letting go. This last scene captures this truth about relationships marvelously, and without sentimental drama; in fact, Annas wry wit is wonderfully intact in the moving closing paragraphs. In her reflection, Angela Rosenberg admits to having stopped short of a more dramatic climactic scene that she had originally envisioned, a scene in which Ryan gets injured and another girl rushes onto the field. Such a twist in the plot might seem appropriate, even compelling, for the storys resolution; no doubt, the twist would, as Angela writes, make Anna realize that it was too late to mend her misguided decisions. But, painful as it might be for Anna to see that a new girlfriend has already replaced her, such a twist would actually make life easier for Annamake the story easier, in a sense leaving the protagonist with no choice in the matter. Its not the storytellers job to make life easy for her protagonistquite to the contrary: the writer should seek interesting ways to make life difficultor as difficult as necessaryfor her characters, as Angela Rosenberg does. The story ends with Annas appreciating the implications of her choice, a choice that she continues to make, in the moment, even as she watches the gamethere is bittersweet recognition in every detail, right down to Ryans keys on the drivers seat. Thats what this story is about, after all not perfect closure but the painful inevitability of not achieving it, not right away, anywayand so Angela is wise to end her story where she does. Exercise Reconsider the ending of a story youve completed, or consider the ending of a story youre still envisioning. Think about what your story is really about, what your character is driving at, deep down, as she deals with her conflict. The solution to your storys problem may not be that you need to write more, but less; or you may just need to rearrange the parts and end on a different note. Rewriteor restructureyour story so that

303 another, perhaps earlier, scene becomes the ending, a scene that is perhaps less dramatic than the one you envisioned but that cuts more directly to the core of your storys central idea, of your characters conflict. It may be possible to salvage the dramatic scene you first envisioned as your ending, perhaps by making it an earlier, or the penultimate, scene rather than the last. O Captain! Jim Zervanos The tie-dye-shirted girl that sat back-rightthe quiet, athletic senior with the lightorange curlsshe died in a car crash this winter, Michaels third year on the job. A few months before, she had written a story for his first-period Creative Writing class about a girl coping with the death of her best friend who had died in a car crash the year before. In Michaels written response to her, he complimented her on her ability to use her real life to make a good story. He echoed some of her language, feeling obligated to recognize her personal involvement in the story. He wrote, All the darkness in the world cannot hide the light of even one small candle. He had no idea when he wrote thisin fact, when he saw it again, it never registered that these were his wordsthat this would be her favorite quote, that she would make a poster of it and tape it to her bedroom wall, that her mother would have it printed on her daughters funeral card just below her birth and death dates. Somehow the girls mother put it together that these were Michaels words, and, now, spring, months after the funeral, she sends him a card in his school mailbox explaining the connection, recalling the story her daughter had written for him, and inserting a funeral card just in case he had missed the viewing where they had been handed out. Michael had been there, of course. He had stood next to her boyfriend in the back for a while. They had connected because Michael used to play baseball. Once when he was reading a story aloud to the class and a few kids were disruptive, this kid actually shushed them and said, Would you guys let the man read! Michael can still see his wrinkled eyebrows and hear his tone of alliance. He cant get the image out of his head: not the one in class where the kid becomes his ally but the one where the kid is next to him

304 silent and in the far end of the room in hazy yellow light, his girlfriend, in tie-dyed tee and faded jeans, lies still, the tips of her toes snug in Birkenstock sandals. Michael thinks to himself, innocence lost, and regrets the clich; then he pictures Ophelia underwater, adorned with flowers, and thinks, no clichs in Shakespeare. Still, its too obvious, this girl in sandals and swirly rainbow shirt and beaded necklace, so he cant help himself: if this were a story, he would criticize it as being way over the top. You can capture innocence, he would say, without dressing the girl up like a flower child. * Michael tells his kids how important it is in fiction-writing to detach themselves utterly from their real lives, that real-life experience can be a great starting point for story ideas, but if they stay obligated to the facts, theyll sacrifice what could be good fiction. He tells them to sift through. Consider where you might exaggerate someones traits to make a more interesting character. With just the slightest tweaking and focusing on whats memorable about an experience, you can make an ordinary event into the source of a good story. Most of these kids have at least one story to tell, a breakup story or a dead-dog story. Once they submit this first one, theyre convinced they havent lived long enough to have anything interesting to write. This is what fiction is all about, Michael says. Its when youve tapped your own well dry that you can finally come up with something original. Michael doesnt entirely believe this, of course. This is a tricky matter. He knows you can never get away from your own stories. You can disguise them all you want, you can melt people together to make one character, you can change the names and places and chronology of events and jobs and hair color and what she wore lying there in her casket and what they were smoking when the car hit the tree. But deep down somewhere its still your story. Somehow its always your story no matter how much you change the facts. * Three years ago Michael got into teaching to make connections. After college hed worked a year at the local paper. Then hed wanted to get away from straight reporting.

305 Hed had enough of reality. Enough of the heartless rhythm of journalistic prose. Hed always preferred literature and fiction writing. Psychic income, he called itthats what hed get. Not that the newspaper job had been providing the financial kind. He had always known hed do this, just not this soon. High school. Hed be teaching the classics. And creative writing. Too perfect to pass up. That summer hed gotten back to writing stories himself, and hed read up on the craft. Hed dug out his Shakespeare and brushed up on Whitman. His first year, he got it right; on the last day, a minute before the bellhe was suspicious of their shifting eyes, their whispers (theyre timing something, he thought) they stood on their chairs and stared down at him, smiling, and only slightly out of sync with each other, they hollered, O Captain! My Captain! They were glad for the movie that had given them this ideaMichael was glad for it, too. What their gesture lacked in originality, it made up for in sincerityhe knew this, he knew their faces, he saw it in their eyes, they were half-embarrassed for having to borrow from a movie. Michael was touched. He felt it in his throat. Youre going to be good at this, he thought. The excited shuffling before their big movehe had known something was about to happen. The bell rang. They stepped down and grabbed their book bags and darted off toward summer. They were gone, just like that. Then something Michael hadnt expected: He missed them already. He realized that this was the price hed pay. Okay. These were the kind of connections hed had in mind. * This course wont help you in college, Michael emphasizes to his first-period creative writers. This is a course in fiction writing, but they know that, he hopes; theres a composition course offeredthats different. On the first day he explains to make sure, fiction versus non-fiction. If you need work with essay writing or research writing writing about factual stuff, he saysyoure in the wrong place. If you want to learn how to write a good storyfictionstick around. They all do. He tells these kids not to clutter their stories with too many characters or events, to boil them down to whats crucialshort stories, he demands, have one protagonist, one

306 clear, central conflict and dont need to be drowned in irrelevant detail. In most cases, upon investigation, Michael discovers that cluttered stories are the result of the same thing: the kid is married to how the real story goes; the kid wont admit, of course, that hes sticking too close to real life because he realizes at this point in the course that this is MichaelsMr. Konarissbiggest pet peeve, writers not separating enough from their source material and focusing on what will make the best story. Were not journalists, he reminds them, and were not writing our autobiographies. Some day when youre important enough and people care, you can make sure you get all the details in and that youve gotten them right. Until then, stand back and try to see what would make this the best possible story. He says this, risking insult, suggesting that until theyre important, the details of their lives arent. They seem to understand the advice, appreciating that its Michaels job to focus on the story as a story, though its not uncommon that the final draft will be revised with those same real-life details that he discussed changing. Usually he discovers what a kid is doing when he suggests something minor like changing the color of a characters hat for whatever reason from blue to red and the kid looks at him horrified: But it was blue! * Only a month till summer. Four months since the tie-dyed girl. Now, theres another onenot death this time, but bad enough: another car accident, another tree. A first-period kid again. His favorite class. Monday morning the bell rings and the kids shuffle to their desks, silencing their whispers, gazing at their bandaged-faced classmate with her head bowed in the front row. Michael thinks, I have supped full with horrors. He wants to reach back and be sixteen again, now that he knows it all works out, him in a tie-dye, hollering slow down and, man, dont smoke that shit, dont drink that shit, dont do that shit (not yet). He pictures these kids in the back seat of their car, with bottles and sliced limes and shakers and glassestheyre actually making fucking margaritas in this girls family Buicksome kids driving with a Phillies cap on backwards and hes reaching back for a packet of sugar and a lime wedge without the slightest doubt someone, something, will take control of the wheel while he adds the necessary garnish to his drink.

307 The tree up ahead doesnt know theyre invincible. It wont discriminate against the prettiest girl in the twelfth grade, who right now happens to be sitting back-center, her face aimed perfectly for the rearview mirror. It doesnt care that Michaels the guy who will have to greet her in the parking lot first thing Monday morning as her dad drives off to work, that Michael will dip his head to see the far side of her face, the thick gauze and her fat blue lips, and say, What happened to you? Im so sorry, and shell say, Im sorry, and, like Michael, she wont know what she means exactly by it, but theyll share the same regret. * He spends days on the issue of sentimentality in contemporary writing. Stay away from soap operas, he tells them. And the after-school specials: dying pets and teenage breakups, basically the stories theyve got to tell. If its a death story, he tells them, consider, at least, that the climax is not the death itself but when your character reacts in an original way, perhaps at a gathering after the funeral or alone years later; if its a breakup story, avoid soap opera by not making the actual breakup the climactic scene, and, instead, show your protagonist doing something original and interesting later, thereby creating a new climax and a fresh purpose to the story. * Only two weeks left in the year. Michael wakes up to the staticky sound of the local news radio station, and as always it takes a few minutes for the words, let alone the idea that its time to shower, to register. He hears the man say the name of the town where he works; he says the words domestic dispute, and he says teenager deadnot one of his kids, he hopes. Its gotten to this: His kids. Hes taking this way too personally. He cant help it. Cynically, Michael thinks a kids name to himself; he thinks of this kid, in particular, in order to prepare himself for the worst. Though the news report doesnt change in the next half hourstill no nameseven as he listens in his car as he enters the parking lot, he becomes certain that this boy, the one he thought of, is dead. He reminds

308 himself, at the same time, that he is not prophetic. That hes jumping ahead. The assistant principal is out of place standing inside the entrance doorway, where he whispers, at this point routinely, his last name, the one he thought of, the worst-case scenario, the boy who sits back-center, Michaels favorite. Hed been shot in the face by his father. * Michael suggests that the greatest moments in stories are those at the end where the reader enjoys some rush of insight, where he recalls some detail from early on that, though at the time seemed arbitrary, now reveals itself as crucial to the storys unfolding. You dont want these earlier setup moments to be too obvious, Michael tells them, because then the reader will be expecting them to come back, a loose end tied up finally. The best setups are the ones that surprise but that, on the other hand, dont feel too convenient. When something comes full circle and the reader thinks to himself, Ah, this is it, this is what its all about, these are your well executed payoff moments. And one more thing: dont withhold some crucial information, just for the sake of zapping the reader with it when hes vulnerable. The payoff moments have to be genuine moments of epiphany, experienced through the protagonist, with whom the reader now empathizes. A payoff moment is not just a surprise. If you want cheap surprises, youre in the wrong class. * When the bandaged-faced girl had arrived in class just a week before the shotfaced boys murder, a few kids surrounded her at her desk, one of whom was the shot-faced boy, though at the time, of course, Michael knew him simply as his favorite. Michael told him to take her for a walk. Michael winked and nodded to him. By the end of the period Michael had forgotten about them, and he went to the door and peeked out. They were right there, sitting in the hallway; the kid had his arm around the girl and she didnt look up, but he did, and this next part Michael remembers in slow motion: the kid smiled, an adult, stiff-lipped smile saying that he knew this girls suffering. Im sorry, shed said to

309 Michael out in the parking lot only a few minutes before. Im sorry, Im sorry, the kid was saying now, over and over in a whisper like a mantra, and he meant it, he wasnt just repeating her words, and it was just then that Michael realized that the kid had been the driver, he had been the one that had let go of the wheel to reach for the lime wedge. Since day one hed been Michaels favoritehe held the door for everyone, laughed at his jokesbut right now Michael imagined his face wrapped in gauze with scratches like open veins creeping out the sides and over his cheeks. Michael saw his smooth white face mesh with windshield crystals like pudding and stones. He pictured this. He wasnt sure why: perhaps he was relieved that this wasnt true, that the kids face was intact; perhaps he feared for what could happen tomorrow or the next daynot only to this kid but to any one of these kidsor perhaps Michael wished for some sick revenge and he allowed this thought to manifest only because he is not superstitious and he knows that fate has nothing to do with his imagining this. Either way, he was sickened and turned to go back in. The sun heated the room. It was almost summer. Only three more weeks of this. Who knows? Michael thought. Maybe hed be next. How would he like to go? He wouldnt want it to be a surprise. Everyone gets his turn, this hes learned here. How about this: hes writing something on the boarda poor player that struts and frets his hour upon the stagethen he turns to face them, smiles a big toothy grin, then plugs the guns barrel into his mouth and spreads his brain on the chalkboard behind him. This will be his revenge on them. A tale told by an idiot! Hah! He hopes theres a split second where he might get to see their faces, as reality hits them, and he fades from it. My soul is too much charged with blood of thine already. This is actually what went through his mind as he headed back to the lectern that day. Macbeth with nothing left. * Early in the course he shows the movie Dead Poets Society, the one where the kids stand on their desks in the last scene. He uses it to discuss story structure, scene development, and ending your stories with a powerful, poignant image: this story has its ultimate crisis moment, its protagonists crowning achievement, and its central idea all

310 built into the last scene, without an explanatory speech. Michael also teaches Walt Whitmans Song of Myself if only to show that even in poetry there is still story, what this course is all about; it features a protagonist, the writer himself, who, after struggle and selfexamination, undergoes change and leaves something for usthis re-creation of his own experiencehopefully a catalyst for our own change. On the last day of school he likes to recite the last lines of the poem, bringing the course full circle and finishing on an inspiring note. I bequeath myself to the dirt to grow from the grass I love, If you want me again look for me under your bootsoles. You will hardly know who I am or what I mean, But I shall be good health to you nevertheless, And filter and fibre your blood. Failing to fetch me at first keep encouraged, Missing me one place search another, I stop some where waiting for you. This year he stands before the bandaged-face girl. In fact, the bandages are off now. She lets her hair hang over her left cheek a bit. At the end of the period Michael stands before them and explains what he is about to do. He tells them to bear with him, that he might miss a word or two, that hes never been a great memorizer. In his mind hes thinking that this may be the last time he ever does this. In the back row are two empty desks. He sees her rainbow shirt. His shot face. Michael pictures him looking up with his arm around the bandaged-faced girl and nodding, stiff-lipped. He imagines himself walking out of here right now, just driving somewhere hes never been before and starting over. Getting a real job. Or just going back to the newspaper. The students await his first words. They must think that hes stumped already. He is. He cannot think of words. Instead, he leans toward the bandaged-faced girl. She scoots back on her chair as he lifts one foot, then the other, onto the surface of her desk. He stands there speechless, hoping they make the connection, as he is numb, dumb, looking down and trying to memorize every one of their silent awestruck faces before this last bell rings and its three months before he gets to come back here again.

311

JIM ZERVANOS Ive been teaching English at Penncrest for ten years, and writing fiction for only a few years more than that. After graduating from Bucknell University in 1992, I went to Temple Law School, for three semesters, before the draw back toward literature and writing became too strong to resist; I got a masters in literature and, soon after, a job at Penncrest. In 2004 I graduated from the MFA Program for Writers at Warren Wilson College in Asheville, North Carolina. On sabbatical, Ive been working on a novel as well as this collection of stories. Reflection on O Captain! Theres not a detail of this story that I cant trace back to something from real life. And yet nearly all of those details have been altered in some way to serve the story. There was a dark period at Penncrest, one that seemed shrouded in death. It lasted several years, in which car accidents and suicides claimed the lives of more than a dozen kids more than a dozen seems a heartless estimation; I wish I knew the exact number, and the names, and the detailsbut I dont. Its not just that I dont remember. Most of the kids I didnt know even then. And, now, as time passes, the memories blur together, and time condenses and expands in my mind. For me O Captain! reflects that phenomenon of the mind and memory, the unconscious selecting-and-letting-go that goes on in our sleep. In one year, the deadliest of that dark period, five eleventh-grade girls, one of whom Id taught, were killed in a car accidenta brutal collision with a tree on a stretch of road not far from the school. In the aftermath of the horror, the hallways were filled with decorationspoems, drawings, notes, ribbons, flowerson the walls, the lockers, and floors, a spontaneously designed maze of prayers, memories, and wishes. The depthless sorrow had spawned an outbreak of loving expression, such as I had never witnessed and dont expect to experience again. Within monthsif memory serves mea boy, a tenthgrade student of mine, was shot by the disgruntled ex-husband of a woman who lived in the boys apartment complex. The man also shot the boys brother, as well as the daughter of the womanand then, later, himself. The kids had been watching TV on the couch.

312 It was after this series of events that I felt compelled to write a story that captured what I was feeling throughout all of this. After all, school carried on, if only at half-pace, in quieter classrooms. The story began as a kind of purging. I started at the beginning. The tie-dyed girl was a girl from the first classa tenth grade classId ever taught, as a student-teacher, at Penncrest; Id also taught her tenth-grade boyfriend, a baseball player, that same year. It was two years laterand years before the accident that killed the five girlsthat she died in a car accident; she was a senior in my Modern Literature class, and she had just written a short story about the death of her friend. Weeks after her funeral her mom sent me a funeral card, and a note, explaining the source of the quotationsomething Id written in my response to her story. I was shocked and moved, and Ill never forget that moment, reading her mothers note in the faculty mailroomnor will I ever forget standing quietly in the back of the funeral parlor, beside her boyfriend. She was dressed in a tie-dyed T-shirt and Birkenstocks. All this happenedthough in O Captain! I manipulated the timing of events and tinkered with details as the fictional story became, more and more, something separate from me. In some earlier draft the climax of the story was the death of the five girls. Having read the story, a wise writer-friend of minenot really caring, nor knowing any better, about whether or not I successfully worked in all the real life stuffsaid something to the effect of, We get the point already. In other words, enough was enough. How much death could the reader really take? I knew what he meant. When you write a story about suffering, your reader shouldnt have to suffer. More important, my friend went on, how much death did the reader really need in order to get the point of the story? And what was the point of the story, anyway? My friend pointed me in the right direction. He made me realize that the very incident that had prompted me to get this story down on paperthe car accident that had killed five girlsnow needed to be excised from itgone forever; as much as I thought I had distanced myself from the actual events, I was still holding on to the real-life stuff. It was time to let go completely. I began making other changes. In an early draft I had made Michael not a journalist in his past career but a public defender (actually the title of the earliest draft), the kind of lawyer who might be assigned a defendant-client like the

313 murderer of the shot-faced boy. Sothe original idea wasin trying to escape such an emotionally taxing career, in which he had to defend such criminals, he ends up on the other side, making connections with kids who end up dying. Not much of an escape. So, ironically, in the end, he was fantasizing about returning to his job as a public defender, as the teaching job had proven, after all, too emotionally taxing. My friend pointed out that this was the heart of the story, no matter what Michaels past profession: heres this guy who just wants a nice suburban teaching job, in which he can immerse himself, along with his students, in a world of fictionin a world of imagined realitiesbut that damn real world keeps interfering. I remember that day, chatting with my friend, sitting outside, at a local caf, and getting it, the point of my own very deeply personal story, which, at the time, was at least twice as long as it ended up being. My friend had understood the storys core emotional truth better than I. I hadnt been able to see through the thick fog of my own experience. I went home and started cutting, merging, melding, all the while keeping in mind my friends precise summation of what I had been driving at all along in my story. His objectivity had allowed him to see the point of the story, and I was grateful for his insight, painful as it was to take his advice. Still, as much as I eliminated from and altered in the story, the elements that remain are virtually all based on actual events. It is true that I woke up one morning to the Philadelphia news station and instantly guessedknew?the exact boy who had been shot in the domestic shooting being reported. Months earlier, my roommate at the timea fellow teacherhad been the one to tell me of the five dead girls; now, I was knocking on his door to tell him some kids had been shot. The news station had reported only the name of the town, but I knew, and I told my teacher-friend the name of the boy, who was one of my favoriteshe was one of everyones favorites. As it turned out, the boys younger brother, who had also been shot, was a current student of my teacher-friend. When we arrived at schoolin separate carsmy teacher-friend, whod arrived minutes before, looked at me as though I were possessed, when the track coach (not the assistant principal, as in the story) whispered the names of the shot boys. There are mysteries and coincidences like this I cant begin to explain. What makes the story fictionnot non-fictionis the invented arrangement of the material, re-imagined within a limited space, and re-experienced by methrough Michael,

314 someone necessarily not me; all the storys elements become redefined and, together, take on a whole new form. A big puzzle has been broken to make a smaller one, distinct from the original, made from selected, malleable pieces. The only plot element thats entirely fabricated is the coincidence of the shot-faced boys being the driver in the accident that caused the bandaged-faced girls injuries. In real life I never learned much about that accidentan accident that didnt result in death, only in a scar on the face of a very pretty girl, who happened to sit at the front-center desk in my classroom. I dont even remember, for sure, if that accident occurred in the same, aforementioned dark year. I think so. As time passes, I will remember less of what actually happened. I will have only the story and the memories it triggersand the emotions it sparks. I still like the effect of shrinking the story as I did, making all these kids classmates in the same year, weaving in relevant fiction lessons, concentrating all my emotions toward one singular moment when Michaelsome version of mefantasizes about escaping this world of the classroom, as real life relentlessly carries on and he can barely imagine enduring another year. But he does come back, as I do.