INTELLEGENT 2-AXIS SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM WITH MECHANICAL APPLICATION

Abstract:
Tracking solar panel mounts follow the path of the sun during the

day to maximize the solar radiation that the solar panels receive. A single axis tracker tracks the sun east to west and a two-axis tracker tracks the daily east to west movement of the sun and the seasonal declination movement of the sun. We must admit that a tracking type of solar panel mount is the most efficient type solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP). CSP systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam. PV converts light into electric current using the photoelectric effect. Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity. Sunlight can be converted directly into electricity using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly with concentrated solar power (CSP), which normally focuses the sun's energy to boil water which is then used to provide power, and other technologies, such as the sterling engine dishes which use a sterling cycle engine to power a generator. Photovoltaics were initially used to power small and medium-sized applications, from the calculator powered by a single solar cell to off-grid homes powered by a photovoltaic array.

Working Principal:
electricity form the Sun.

Solar photo voltaic (SPV). Can be used to generate

Silicon solar cells play an important role in generation of electricity. While the output of solar cells depends on the intensity of sunlight and the angle of incidence. The solar panels must remain in front of sun during the whole day. But due to rotation of earth those panels cant maintain their position always in front of sun.

In our project we are adding two axes for solar panel. Which will be source of our energy ? As the used by a normal solar plate. The sensors attached with the panel will track the sun with maximum light coming from which angle. The angle observed by the sensor will send to the micro controller. The stepper motor will be connected to the shaft of solar panel, which will rotate the whole panel according to the signals coming from sensors. The panel rotates in two directions, horizontal and vertical. This rotation will give accurate direction, of the incidence rays of sun.

Block diagram:

Conclusion:

A solar tracker is designed employing the new principle of using small solar cells to function as self-adjusting light sensors, providing a variable indication of their relative angle to the sun by detecting their voltage output. By using this method, the solar tracker was successful in maintaining a solar array at a sufficiently perpendicular angle to the sun. The power increase gained over a fixed horizontal array was in excess of 30%.

Reference:

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